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Fernández-Triana I, Rubilar O, Parada J, Fincheira P, Benavides-Mendoza A, Durán P, Fernández-Baldo M, Seabra AB, Tortella GR. Metal nanoparticles and pesticides under global climate change: Assessing the combined effects of multiple abiotic stressors on soil microbial ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 942:173494. [PMID: 38810746 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The soil is a vital resource that hosts many microorganisms crucial in biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem health. However, human activities such as the use of metal nanoparticles (MNPs), pesticides and the impacts of global climate change (GCCh) can significantly affect soil microbial communities (SMC). For many years, pesticides and, more recently, nanoparticles have contributed to sustainable agriculture to ensure continuous food production to sustain the significant growth of the world population and, therefore, the demand for food. Pesticides have a recognized pest control capacity. On the other hand, nanoparticles have demonstrated a high ability to improve water and nutrient retention, promote plant growth, and control pests. However, it has been reported that their accumulation in agricultural soils can also adversely affect the environment and soil microbial health. In addition, climate change, with its variations in temperature and extreme water conditions, can lead to drought and increased soil salinity, modifying both soil conditions and the composition and function of microbial communities. Abiotic stressors can interact and synergistically or additively affect soil microorganisms, significantly impacting soil functioning and the capacity to provide ecosystem services. Therefore, this work reviewed the current scientific literature to understand how multiple stressors interact and affect the SMC. In addition, the importance of molecular tools such as metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, proteomics, or metabolomics in the study of the responses of SMC to exposure to multiple abiotic stressors was examined. Future research directions were also proposed, focusing on exploring the complex interactions between stressors and their long-term effects and developing strategies for sustainable soil management. These efforts will contribute to the preservation of soil health and the promotion of sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Fernández-Triana
- Doctoral Program in Science of Natural Resources, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - O Rubilar
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, 4811230 Temuco, Chile; Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - J Parada
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, 4811230 Temuco, Chile
| | - P Fincheira
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, 4811230 Temuco, Chile
| | - A Benavides-Mendoza
- Departamento de Horticultura, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, 25315 Saltillo, Mexico
| | - P Durán
- Biocontrol Research Laboratory, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Martín Fernández-Baldo
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, University of Londrina, PR 445, km 380, CEP 86047-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - A B Seabra
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - G R Tortella
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, 4811230 Temuco, Chile; Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
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Rähn E, Lutter R, Riit T, Tullus T, Tullus A, Tedersoo L, Drenkhan R, Tullus H. Soil mycobiomes in native European aspen forests and hybrid aspen plantations have a similar fungal richness but different compositions, mainly driven by edaphic and floristic factors. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1372938. [PMID: 38774505 PMCID: PMC11106484 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1372938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The cultivation of short-rotation tree species on non-forest land is increasing due to the growing demand for woody biomass for the future bioeconomy and to mitigate climate change impacts. However, forest plantations are often seen as a trade-off between climate benefits and low biodiversity. The diversity and composition of soil fungal biota in plantations of hybrid aspen, one of the most planted tree species for short-rotation forestry in Northern Europe, are poorly studied. Methods The goal of this study was to obtain baseline knowledge about the soil fungal biota and the edaphic, floristic and management factors that drive fungal richness and communities in 18-year-old hybrid aspen plantations on former agricultural soils and compare the fungal biota with those of European aspen stands on native forest land in a 130-year chronosequence. Sites were categorized as hybrid aspen (17-18-year-old plantations) and native aspen stands of three age classes (8-29, 30-55, and 65-131-year-old stands). High-throughput sequencing was applied to soil samples to investigate fungal diversity and assemblages. Results Native aspen forests showed a higher ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungal OTU richness than plantations, regardless of forest age. Short-distance type EcM genera dominated in both plantations and forests. The richness of saprotrophic fungi was similar between native forest and plantation sites and was highest in the middle-aged class (30-55-year-old stands) in the native aspen stands. The fungal communities of native forests and plantations were significantly different. Community composition varied more, and the natural forest sites were more diverse than the relatively homogeneous plantations. Soil pH was the best explanatory variable to describe soil fungal communities in hybrid aspen stands. Soil fungal community composition did not show any clear patterns between the age classes of native aspen stands. Conclusion We conclude that edaphic factors are more important in describing fungal communities in both native aspen forest sites and hybrid aspen plantation sites than forest thinning, age, or former land use for plantations. Although first-generation hybrid aspen plantations and native forests are similar in overall fungal diversity, their taxonomic and functional composition is strikingly different. Therefore, hybrid aspen plantations can be used to reduce felling pressure on native forests; however, our knowledge is still insufficient to conclude that plantations could replace native aspen forests from the soil biodiversity perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Rähn
- Chair of Silviculture and Forest Ecology, Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Reimo Lutter
- Chair of Silviculture and Forest Ecology, Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Taavi Riit
- Chair of Silviculture and Forest Ecology, Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tea Tullus
- Chair of Silviculture and Forest Ecology, Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Arvo Tullus
- Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Leho Tedersoo
- Mycology and Microbiology Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Rein Drenkhan
- Chair of Silviculture and Forest Ecology, Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Hardi Tullus
- Chair of Silviculture and Forest Ecology, Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
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Sena L, Mica E, Valè G, Vaccino P, Pecchioni N. Exploring the potential of endophyte-plant interactions for improving crop sustainable yields in a changing climate. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1349401. [PMID: 38571718 PMCID: PMC10988515 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1349401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Climate change poses a major threat to global food security, significantly reducing crop yields as cause of abiotic stresses, and for boosting the spread of new and old pathogens and pests. Sustainable crop management as a route to mitigation poses the challenge of recruiting an array of solutions and tools for the new aims. Among these, the deployment of positive interactions between the micro-biotic components of agroecosystems and plants can play a highly significant role, as part of the agro-ecological revolution. Endophytic microorganisms have emerged as a promising solution to tackle this challenge. Among these, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and endophytic bacteria and fungi have demonstrated their potential to alleviate abiotic stresses such as drought and heat stress, as well as the impacts of biotic stresses. They can enhance crop yields in a sustainable way also by other mechanisms, such as improving the nutrient uptake, or by direct effects on plant physiology. In this review we summarize and update on the main types of endophytes, we highlight several studies that demonstrate their efficacy in improving sustainable yields and explore possible avenues for implementing crop-microbiota interactions. The mechanisms underlying these interactions are highly complex and require a comprehensive understanding. For this reason, omic technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics have been employed to unravel, by a higher level of information, the complex network of interactions between plants and microorganisms. Therefore, we also discuss the various omic approaches and techniques that have been used so far to study plant-endophyte interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Sena
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Sede Agraria, UNIMORE - Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, CREA – Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Erica Mica
- Dipartimento per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile e la Transizione Ecologica, UPO – Università del Piemonte Orientale, Complesso San Giuseppe, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Giampiero Valè
- Dipartimento per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile e la Transizione Ecologica, UPO – Università del Piemonte Orientale, Complesso San Giuseppe, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Patrizia Vaccino
- Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, CREA – Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Nicola Pecchioni
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Sede Agraria, UNIMORE - Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, CREA – Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Vercelli, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, CREA – Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Foggia, Italy
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Spina A, De Benedetti S, Heinzl GC, Ceravolo G, Magni C, Emide D, Castorina G, Consonni G, Canale M, Scarafoni A. Biochemical Characterization of the Seed Quality of a Collection of White Lupin Landraces from Southern Italy. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:785. [PMID: 38592821 PMCID: PMC10974116 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Lupin species provide essential nutrients and bioactive compounds. Within pulses, they have one of the highest contents of proteins and fibers and are among the poorest in carbohydrates. The Mediterranean region is an important cradle area of the origin and domestication of cultivated white lupin (Lupinus albus L.). In this work, we present the characterization of 19 white lupin landraces collected from several sites in southern Italy, characterized by different pedoclimatic conditions. The protein contents and electrophoretic patterns, total polyphenols, phytic acid, lipids and phosphorous content, and reducing and anti-tryptic activities have been determined for each landrace. The relationships of the compositional characteristics, the area of origin of landraces and between compositional characteristics and thermo-pluviometric trends that occurred in the genotype comparison field during the two-year period between 2019 and 2020 are compared and discussed. From a nutritional point of view, some of the analyzed landraces differ from the commercial reference. The panel of molecular analyses performed can help in building an identity card for the grain to rapidly identify those varieties with the desired characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfio Spina
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, Corso Savoia 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy; (A.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Stefano De Benedetti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.D.B.); (G.C.H.); (G.C.); (C.M.); (D.E.)
| | - Giuditta Carlotta Heinzl
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.D.B.); (G.C.H.); (G.C.); (C.M.); (D.E.)
| | - Giulia Ceravolo
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.D.B.); (G.C.H.); (G.C.); (C.M.); (D.E.)
| | - Chiara Magni
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.D.B.); (G.C.H.); (G.C.); (C.M.); (D.E.)
| | - Davide Emide
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.D.B.); (G.C.H.); (G.C.); (C.M.); (D.E.)
| | - Giulia Castorina
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Gabriella Consonni
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Michele Canale
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, Corso Savoia 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy; (A.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Alessio Scarafoni
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.D.B.); (G.C.H.); (G.C.); (C.M.); (D.E.)
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Cox AJF, González-Caro S, Meir P, Hartley IP, Restrepo Z, Villegas JC, Sanchez A, Mercado LM. Variable thermal plasticity of leaf functional traits in Andean tropical montane forests. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:731-750. [PMID: 38047584 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Tropical montane forests (TMFs) are biodiversity hotspots and provide vital ecosystem services, but they are disproportionately vulnerable to climate warming. In the Andes, cold-affiliated species from high elevations are being displaced at the hot end of their thermal distributions by warm-affiliated species migrating upwards from lower elevations, leading to compositional shifts. Leaf functional traits are strong indicators of plant performance and at the community level have been shown to vary along elevation gradients, reflecting plant adaptations to different environmental niches. However, the plastic response of such traits to relatively rapid temperature change in Andean TMF species remains unknown. We used three common garden plantations within a thermosequence in the Colombian Andes to investigate the warming and cooling responses of key leaf functional traits in eight cold- and warm-affiliated species with variable thermal niches. Cold-affiliated species shifted their foliar nutrient concentrations when exposed to warming, while all other traits did not significantly change; contrastingly, warm-affiliated species were able to adjust structural, nutrient and water-use efficiency traits from acquisitive to conservative strategies in response to cooling. Our findings suggest that cold-affiliated species will struggle to acclimate functional traits to warming, conferring warm-affiliated species a competitive advantage under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J F Cox
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Sebastián González-Caro
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Patrick Meir
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Division of Plant Sciences, Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Iain P Hartley
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Zorayda Restrepo
- Grupo de Investigación en Ecología Aplicada, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- Grupo de Servicios Ecositémicos y Cambio Climático, Corporación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan C Villegas
- Grupo de Investigación en Ecología Aplicada, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Adriana Sanchez
- Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lina M Mercado
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Crowmarsh-Gifford, Wallingford, UK
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Chen S, Sun Y, Wang Y, Luo G, Ran J, Zeng T, Zhang P. Grazing weakens the linkages between plants and soil biotic communities in the alpine grassland. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169417. [PMID: 38143005 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Livestock grazing alters the diversity and composition of plants and soil biota in grassland ecosystems. However, whether and how grazing affects plant-soil biota interactions are limited. Here, we performed a field investigation on the Tibetan grasslands to determine the relationships between plant community properties (biomass, diversity and richness) and soil biota (abundance, diversity and composition of bacteria, fungi and nematodes) in the long-term yak grazing and ungrazed plots, and responses of plant-soil biota linkages to grazing in alpine meadows and alpine swampy meadows were compared. The results found that grazing did not cause significant changes in plant community properties but increased the soil water content. Further, grazing weakened plant-soil microbes/nematode relationships in alpine meadows. The bacterial and fungal abundances were correlated with plant belowground biomass and Simpson index in the ungrazed plots of alpine meadows, while the correlation was not significant under grazing. Bacterial composition was correlated with plant richness only in the ungrazed meadows. Plant-soil nematode linkages were more sensitive to grazing than plant-microbes linkages. Grazing decoupled the relationships between the abundances of nematode trophic groups and plant aboveground biomass, richness and Simpson index in alpine meadows, while the decoupling phenomenon is less evident in alpine swampy meadows. The SEM results indicate that grazing altered the plant above- and belowground biomass to affect the soil nematode community, while influenced soil microbes only through alterations of plant belowground biomass. The findings highlight the importance of grazing in influencing the interactions between aboveground plant communities and soil biological communities in Tibetan grasslands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangdan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environmental of Ministry of Education & Sichuan Zoigê Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yuxuan Sun
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environmental of Ministry of Education & Sichuan Zoigê Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yonghong Wang
- Zhejiang SeeGene Biotechnology Company, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gai Luo
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environmental of Ministry of Education & Sichuan Zoigê Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jianghong Ran
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environmental of Ministry of Education & Sichuan Zoigê Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environmental of Ministry of Education & Sichuan Zoigê Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environmental of Ministry of Education & Sichuan Zoigê Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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Metze D, Schnecker J, de Carlan CLN, Bhattarai B, Verbruggen E, Ostonen I, Janssens IA, Sigurdsson BD, Hausmann B, Kaiser C, Richter A. Soil warming increases the number of growing bacterial taxa but not their growth rates. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk6295. [PMID: 38394199 PMCID: PMC10889357 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk6295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Soil microorganisms control the fate of soil organic carbon. Warming may accelerate their activities putting large carbon stocks at risk of decomposition. Existing knowledge about microbial responses to warming is based on community-level measurements, leaving the underlying mechanisms unexplored and hindering predictions. In a long-term soil warming experiment in a Subarctic grassland, we investigated how active populations of bacteria and archaea responded to elevated soil temperatures (+6°C) and the influence of plant roots, by measuring taxon-specific growth rates using quantitative stable isotope probing and 18O water vapor equilibration. Contrary to prior assumptions, increased community growth was associated with a greater number of active bacterial taxa rather than generally faster-growing populations. We also found that root presence enhanced bacterial growth at ambient temperatures but not at elevated temperatures, indicating a shift in plant-microbe interactions. Our results, thus, reveal a mechanism of how soil bacteria respond to warming that cannot be inferred from community-level measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Metze
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Doctoral School in Microbiology and Environmental Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jörg Schnecker
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Biplabi Bhattarai
- Department of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Erik Verbruggen
- Research Group Plants and Ecosystems, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ivika Ostonen
- Department of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ivan A. Janssens
- Research Group Plants and Ecosystems, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bjarni D. Sigurdsson
- Faculty of Environmental and Forest Sciences, Agricultural University of Iceland, Hvanneyri, Borgarnes, Iceland
| | - Bela Hausmann
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christina Kaiser
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Richter
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Advancing Systems Analysis Program, Laxenburg, Austria
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Yu Z, Zhang C, Liu X, Lei J, Zhang Q, Yuan Z, Peng C, Koerner SE, Xu J, Guo L. Responses of C:N:P stoichiometric correlations among plants, soils and microorganisms to warming: A meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168827. [PMID: 38030014 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Plants, soils and microorganisms play important roles in maintaining stable terrestrial stoichiometry. Studying how nutrient balances of these biotic and abiotic players vary across temperature gradients is important when predicting ecosystem changes on a warming planet. The respective responses of plant, soil and microbial stoichiometric ratios to warming have been observed, however, whether and how the stoichiometric correlations among the three components shift under warming has not been clearly understood and identified. In the present study, we have performed a meta-analysis based on 600 case studies from 74 sites or locations to clarify whether and how warming affects plant, soil and microbial stoichiometry, respectively, and their correlations. Our results indicated that: (1) globally, plants had higher C:N and C:P values compared to soil and microbial pools, but their N:P distributions were similar; (2) warming did not significantly alter plant, soil and microbial C:N and C:P values, but had a noticeable effect on plant N:P ratios. When ecosystem types, duration and magnitude of warming were taken into account, there was an inconsistent and even inverse warming response in terms of the direction and magnitude of changes in the C:N:P ratios occurring among plants, soils and microorganisms; (3) despite various warming responses of the stoichiometric ratios detected separately for plants, soils and microorganisms, the stoichiometric correlations among all three parts remained constant even under different warming scenarios. Our study highlighted the complexity of the effect of warming on the C:N:P stoichiometry, as well as the absence and importance of simultaneous measurements of stoichiometric ratios across different components of terrestrial ecosystems, which should be urgently strengthened in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongkai Yu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jichu Lei
- The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhiyou Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Changhui Peng
- School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Department of Biology Science, Institute of Environment Sciences, University of Quebec at Montreal, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Sally E Koerner
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro 27402, USA
| | - Jianchu Xu
- Center for Mountain Ecosystem Studies, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; World Agroforestry Center, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Liang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China.
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9
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Dyshko V, Hilszczańska D, Davydenko K, Matić S, Moser WK, Borowik P, Oszako T. An Overview of Mycorrhiza in Pines: Research, Species, and Applications. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:506. [PMID: 38498468 PMCID: PMC10891885 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
In the latest literature, climate models show that the conditions for pines, spruces, larches, and birches will deteriorate significantly. In Poland, as well as in other European countries, there are already signs of the decline of these species. This review article deals with the symbiotic relationships between fungi and plants, which can hardly be overestimated, using the example of pine trees. These are the oldest known symbiotic relationships, which are of great benefit to both components and can help plants, in particular, survive periods of severe drought and the attack of pathogens on the roots. This article describes symbioses and their causal conditions, as well as the mycorrhizal components of pine trees and their properties; characterizes ectomycorrhizal fungi and their mushroom-forming properties; and provides examples of the cultivation of pure fungal cultures, with particular attention to the specificity of the mycorrhizal structure and its effects on the growth and development of Pinus species. Finally, the role of mycorrhiza in plant protection and pathogen control is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentyna Dyshko
- Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration Named after G. M. Vysotsky, 61024 Kharkiv, Ukraine; (V.D.); (K.D.)
| | - Dorota Hilszczańska
- Department of Forest Ecology, Forest Research Institute, Sękocin Stary, Braci Leśnej 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland;
| | - Kateryna Davydenko
- Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration Named after G. M. Vysotsky, 61024 Kharkiv, Ukraine; (V.D.); (K.D.)
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7026, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Slavica Matić
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy;
| | - W. Keith Moser
- US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2500 S. Pine Knoll Dr., Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA;
| | - Piotr Borowik
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Oszako
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Białystok, Poland;
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10
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Zhao J, Xie X, Jiang Y, Li J, Fu Q, Qiu Y, Fu X, Yao Z, Dai Z, Qiu Y, Chen H. Effects of simulated warming on soil microbial community diversity and composition across diverse ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 911:168793. [PMID: 37996030 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Soil warming can directly affect the microbial community, or indirectly affect the microbial community by affecting soil moisture, nutrient availability, vegetation growth, etc. However, the response of microorganisms to soil warming is complex, and there is no uniform conclusion on the impact and mechanism of warming on microbial diversity. As the global climate gradually warms, a comprehensive assessment of warming on soil microbial community changes is essential to understand and predict the response of microbial geochemical processes to soil warming. Here, we perform a meta-analysis of studies to investigate changes in soil microbial communities along soil warming gradients and the response of soil microbes to elevated temperature in different ecosystems. We found that the α diversity index of soil microorganisms decreased significantly with the increase in temperature, and the β diversity altered with the increase in soil temperature and the shifts in ecosystem. Most bacteria only alter when the temperature rises higher. Compared to the non-warming condition, the relative abundance of Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes and Verrucomicrobia decreased by 19 %, 11 %, 19 %, 8 % and 6 %, respectively, and the relative abundance of Firmicutes increased by 34 %. Compared to farmland, forest, grassland and tundra ecosystems, soil microorganisms in wetland ecosystems were more sensitive to temperature increase, and the changes in bacteria were consistent with the overall alterations. This meta-analysis revealed significant changes in the composition of microbial communities on soil warming. With the decrease in biodiversity under increasing temperature conditions, these dominant microbiomes, which can grow well under high-temperature conditions, will play a stronger role in regulating nutrient and energy flow. Our analysis adds a global perspective to the temperature response of soil microbes, which is critical to improving our understanding of the mechanisms of how soil microbes change in response to climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Xuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Yuying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Qi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Yingbo Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Xianheng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Zhiyuan Yao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Zhongmin Dai
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yunpeng Qiu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Huaihai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China.
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11
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Kilonzi JM, Otieno S. Degradation kinetics and physiological studies of organophosphates degrading microorganisms for soil bioremediation. STRESS BIOLOGY 2024; 4:11. [PMID: 38319394 PMCID: PMC10847075 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-023-00138-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Organophosphate compounds are widely used in agricultural activities to optimize food production. Contamination of field soil by these compounds may result in detrimental effects on soil biota. The aim of the present study was to isolate microorganisms from field soils and evaluate the strains on ability to degrade organophosphates as single isolate and as a consortium. Isolated strains were identified using both biochemical and molecular techniques. Results revealed that, out of the 46 isolated strains, three isolates herein referred to as S6, S36 and S37 showed an average diazinon degradation rate of 76.4%, 76.7% and 76.8% respectively, of the initial dose (50 ppm) within 11 days of incubation in mineral medium. Notably, isolates S36 and S37 were more effective than S6 in degrading diazinon by 40% in soil aliquot after 11 days and therefore were evaluated on biochemical reactions and molecular identification. The isolates showed variable biochemical characteristics. However, both isolates possessed catalase enzyme, but lacked oxidase enzyme. Molecular characterization showed that, the closest species for S36 and S37 were Priestia megaterium and P. arybattia, respectively, based on 16S rRNA gene similarity (> 99%). Combination of the strains increased diazinon degradation ability by 45% compared to single strain treatment. Chlorpyrifos was the most highly degraded organophosphate, compared to phorate and cadusafos. Therefore it is expected that the pesticide-degrading bacteria could be a solution to soil health improvement and contribution to the production of safe agricultural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Kilonzi
- Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization Tigoni, Limuru, P.O BOX 338-0217, Kenya.
| | - S Otieno
- Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization Tigoni, Limuru, P.O BOX 338-0217, Kenya
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12
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Labouyrie M, Ballabio C, Romero F, Panagos P, Jones A, Tedersoo L, van der Heijden MGA, Orgiazzi A. Interaction effects of pH and land cover on soil microbial diversity are climate-dependent. Environ Microbiol 2024; 26:e16572. [PMID: 38195068 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Factors regulating the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities include soil properties, land cover and climate. How these factors interact at large scale remains poorly investigated. Here, we used an extensive dataset including 715 locations from 24 European countries to investigate the interactive effects of climatic region, land cover and pH on soil bacteria and fungi. We found that differences in microbial diversity and community composition between land cover types depended on the climatic region. In Atlantic, Boreal and Continental regions, microbial richness was higher in croplands and grasslands than woodlands while richness in Mediterranean areas did not vary significantly among land cover types. These differences were further related to soil pH, as a driver of bacterial and fungal richness in most climatic regions, but the interaction of pH with land cover depended on the region. Microbial community composition differed the most between croplands and woodlands in all regions, mainly due to differences in pH. In the Mediterranean region, bacterial communities in woodlands and grasslands were the most similar, whereas in other regions, grassland and cropland-associated bacteria showed more similarity. Overall, we showed that key factors interact in shaping soil microbial communities in a climate-dependent way at large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maëva Labouyrie
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
- Plant-Soil-Interactions, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Ferran Romero
- Plant-Soil-Interactions, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Panos Panagos
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | - Arwyn Jones
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | - Leho Tedersoo
- Mycology and Microbiology Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marcel G A van der Heijden
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Plant-Soil-Interactions, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alberto Orgiazzi
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
- European Dynamics, Brussels, Belgium
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13
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Owusu SM, Adomako MO, Qiao H. Organic amendment in climate change mitigation: Challenges in an era of micro- and nanoplastics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:168035. [PMID: 37907110 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
As a global strategy for mitigating climate change, organic amendments play critical roles in restoring stocks in carbon (C) depleted soils, preserving existing stocks to prevent further soil organic carbon (SOC) loss, and enhancing C sequestration. However, recent emerging evidence of a significant proportion of micro- and nanoplastics (M/NPs) occurrence in most organic substrates (e.g., compost manure, farmyard manure, and sewage sludge) compromises its role in climate change mitigation. Given the predicted surge of soil M/NPs proliferation in the coming years, we argued whether organic amendment remains a reliable climate change mitigation strategy. Toxicity effects of M/NPs influx within the soil matrix disrupt plants and their associated key microbial taxa responsible for crucial biogeochemical processes and restructuring of SOC, leading to increasing emissions of potent greenhouse gases (GHGs, e.g., CO2, CH4, and N2O) that feedback to aggravate the rapidly changing climate. Here, we summarize evidence based on literature that the discovery of M/NPs in organic substrates compromises its role in the climate change mitigation strategy. We briefly discuss the overview of synthetic fertilizers and their impact on SOC and atmospheric emissions. We discuss the role of organic amends in climate change mitigation and the emergence of M/NPs in it. We discuss M/NPs-induced damages to SOC and subsequent emissions of GHGs. We briefly highlight management approaches to clean organic substrates of M/NPs to improve their use in agrosystems and provide recommendations for future research studies. We found that organic amendment plays pivotal role in modulating the biotic and abiotic drivers responsible for climate mitigation. However, M/NPs in organic amendments weaken the regulatory mechanisms of organic amendments in plant-soil systems. We conclude that organic amendments of soils are critical for restoring SOC and mitigating the rapidly changing climate; yet, the discovery of M/NPs in organic substrates put their usage in a dilemma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Mensah Owusu
- Schoo of Business, Jinggangshan University, Qingyuan District, Ji'an City 343009, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Michael Opoku Adomako
- Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hu Qiao
- Schoo of Business, Jinggangshan University, Qingyuan District, Ji'an City 343009, Jiangxi, China
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14
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Barbour KM, Martiny JBH. Investigating eco-evolutionary processes of microbial community assembly in the wild using a model leaf litter system. THE ISME JOURNAL 2024; 18:wrae043. [PMID: 38506671 PMCID: PMC11008689 DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Microbial communities are not the easiest to manipulate experimentally in natural ecosystems. However, leaf litter-topmost layer of surface soil-is uniquely suitable to investigate the complexities of community assembly. Here, we reflect on over a decade of collaborative work to address this topic using leaf litter as a model system in Southern California ecosystems. By leveraging a number of methodological advantages of the system, we have worked to demonstrate how four processes-selection, dispersal, drift, and diversification-contribute to bacterial and fungal community assembly and ultimately impact community functioning. Although many dimensions remain to be investigated, our initial results demonstrate that both ecological and evolutionary processes occur simultaneously to influence microbial community assembly. We propose that the development of additional and experimentally tractable microbial systems will be enormously valuable to test the role of eco-evolutionary processes in natural settings and their implications in the face of rapid global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Barbour
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States
| | - Jennifer B H Martiny
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States
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15
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Pednekar RR, Rajan AP. Unraveling the contemporary use of microbial fuel cell in pesticide degradation and simultaneous electricity generation: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:144-166. [PMID: 38048001 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30782-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide is an inevitable substance used worldwide to kill pests, but their indiscriminate use has posed serious complications to health and the environment. Various physical, chemical, and biological methods are employed for pesticide treatment, but this paper deals with microbial fuel cell (MFC) as a futuristic technology for pesticide degradation with electricity production. In MFC, organic compounds are utilized as the carbon source for electricity production and the generation of electrons which can be replaced with pollutants such as dyes, antibiotics, and pesticides as carbon sources. However, MFC is been widely studied for a decade for electricity production, but its implementation in pesticide degradation is less known. We fill this void by depicting a real picture of the global pesticide scenario with an eagle eye view of the bioremediation techniques implemented for pesticide treatment with phytoremediation and rhizoremediation as effective techniques for efficient pesticide removal. The enormous literature survey has revealed that not many researchers have ventured into this new arena of MFC employed for pesticide degradation. Based on the Scopus database, an increase in annual trend from 2014 to 2023 is observed for MFC-implemented pesticide remediation. However, a novel MFC to date for effective remediation of pesticides with simultaneous electricity generation is discussed for the first time. Furthermore, the limitation of MFC technology and the implementation of MFC and rhizoremediation as a clubbed system which is the least applied can be seen as promising and futuristic approaches to enhance pesticide degradation by bacteria and electricity as a by-product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Raviuday Pednekar
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Anand Prem Rajan
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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16
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Yang Q, Yan Y, Huang J, Wang Z, Feng M, Cheng H, Zhang P, Zhang H, Xu J, Zhang M. The Impact of Warming on Assembly Processes and Diversity Patterns of Bacterial Communities in Mesocosms. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2807. [PMID: 38004818 PMCID: PMC10672829 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria in lake water bodies and sediments play crucial roles in various biogeochemical processes. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of bacterioplankton and sedimentary bacteria community composition and assembly processes across multiple seasons in 18 outdoor mesocosms exposed to three temperature scenarios. Our findings reveal that warming and seasonal changes play a vital role in shaping microbial diversity, species interactions, and community assembly disparities in water and sediment ecosystems. We observed that the bacterioplankton networks were more fragile, potentially making them susceptible to disturbances, whereas sedimentary bacteria exhibited increased stability. Constant warming and heatwaves had contrasting effects: heatwaves increased stability in both planktonic and sedimentary bacteria communities, but planktonic bacterial networks became more fragile under constant warming. Regarding bacterial assembly, stochastic processes primarily influenced the composition of planktonic and sedimentary bacteria. Constant warming intensified the stochasticity of bacterioplankton year-round, while heatwaves caused a slight shift from stochastic to deterministic in spring and autumn. In contrast, sedimentary bacteria assembly is mainly dominated by drift and remained unaffected by warming. Our study enhances our understanding of how bacterioplankton and sedimentary bacteria communities respond to global warming across multiple seasons, shedding light on the complex dynamics of microbial ecosystems in lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Z.W.); (M.F.); (H.C.)
| | - Yifeng Yan
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Z.W.); (M.F.); (H.C.)
| | - Jinhe Huang
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Z.W.); (M.F.); (H.C.)
| | - Zhaolei Wang
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Z.W.); (M.F.); (H.C.)
| | - Mingjun Feng
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Z.W.); (M.F.); (H.C.)
| | - Haowu Cheng
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Z.W.); (M.F.); (H.C.)
| | - Peiyu Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (P.Z.); (H.Z.); (J.X.)
| | - Huan Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (P.Z.); (H.Z.); (J.X.)
| | - Jun Xu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (P.Z.); (H.Z.); (J.X.)
| | - Min Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.Y.); (J.H.); (Z.W.); (M.F.); (H.C.)
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17
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Luo W, Han S, Yu T, Wang P, Ma Y, Wan M, Liu J, Li Z, Tao J. Assessing the suitability and dynamics of three medicinal Sambucus species in China under current and future climate scenarios. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1194444. [PMID: 37929169 PMCID: PMC10620941 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1194444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Climate change exerts profound influences on the ecological environments on a global scale, leading to habitat destruction and altering distribution patterns for numerous plant species. Traditional Chinese medicinal plants, such as those belonging to the Sambucus genus, have been extensively utilized for several centuries to treat fractures, rheumatism, and inflammation. However, our understanding of their geographic distribution and climatic adaptation within China still needs to be improved. In this study, we screened the optimal predictive model (random forest model) to predict the potential suitable distribution of three Sambucus species (Sambucus adnata, Sambucus javanica, and Sambucus williamsii) across China under both current and future climate scenarios. Moreover, we identified key climate factors that influence their potential distributions. Our findings revealed that S. adnata and S. javanica are predominantly shaped by temperature seasonality and mean diurnal range, respectively, whereas S. williamsii is significantly affected by the precipitation of the wettest month. Currently, S. williamsii is primarily distributed in north and central south China (covering 9.57 × 105 km2), S. javanica is prevalent in the south and east regions (covering 6.41×105 km2), and S. adnata predominantly thrives in the southwest China (covering 1.99×105 km2). Under future climate change scenarios, it is anticipated that S. adnata may migrate to higher latitudes while S. javanica may shift to lower latitudes. However, potentially suitable areas for S. williamsii may contract under certain scenarios for the years 2050 and 2090, with an expansion trend under the SSP585 scenario for the year 2090. Our study emphasizes the importance of climatic variables in influencing the potential geographic distribution of Sambucus species. These findings provide valuable theoretical insights for the preservation, cultivation, and utilization of Sambucus medicinal plant resources in the context of ongoing climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixue Luo
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shunxin Han
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Maji Wan
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zongfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianping Tao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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18
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Liu R, Chen M, Liu B, Huang K, Mao Z, Li H, Zhao J. A root-knot nematode effector manipulates the rhizosphere microbiome for establishing parasitism relationship with hosts. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1217863. [PMID: 37538840 PMCID: PMC10395084 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1217863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Root-knot nematode (RKN; Meloidogyne spp.) is one of the most infamous soilborne plant diseases, causing severe crop losses every year. Effector proteins secreted by RKNs play crucial roles during plant-nematode interaction. However, less is known about whether RKN effector proteins can impact the rhizosphere microbial environment. Methods In this study, we investigated the rhizosphere microbiome community of MiMIF-2 (a plant immunity-modulating effector) transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana with or without nematode infection using the Illumina high-throughput sequencing analysis. Results and discussion The results showed that the bacterial species richness index increased, while the fungi species richness index decreased in M. incognita-infected MiMIF-2 transgenic A. thaliana plants. The relative abundance of genera such as Clitopilus, Komagataeibacter, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, Moritella, Vibrio, Escherichia-Shigella, and Pseudomonas was reduced in MiMIF-2 transgenic A. thaliana plants compared to wild type, but was significantly increased after inoculation with M. incognita. The Cluster of Orthologous Genes (COG) function classification analysis revealed a decrease in the relative abundance of defense mechanisms, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, transport, and nematode infection catabolism-related functions in MiMIF-2 lines compared to the wild type. These differences may be the reason for the increased susceptibility of MiMIF-2 transgenic A. thaliana to nematode infection. Our results provide a new insight into RKN effector proteins and their association with the microbial community, host, and plant pathogens, which will lead to the exploration of new innovative ideas for future biological control of RKNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University/Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Mengfei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Boliang Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaiwei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenchuan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huixia Li
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University/Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jianlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Sofi II, Shah MA, Ganie AH. Integrating human footprint with ensemble modelling identifies priority habitats for conservation: a case study in the distributional range of Arnebia euchroma, a vulnerable species. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:914. [PMID: 37395941 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11528-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Climate change-driven rapid alteration of ecosystems globally is further complicated by growing anthropogenic pressures, especially in the ecologically sensitive mountainous regions. However, these two major drivers of change have largely been considered separately in species distribution models, thus compromising their reliability. Here, we integrated ensemble modelling with the human pressure index for predicting distribution and mapping priority regions across a whole range of occurrences for vulnerable species, Arnebia euchroma. Our results identified 3.08% of the study area as 'highly suitable', 2.45% as 'moderately suitable', and 94.45% as 'not suitable' or 'least suitable'. Compared to current climatic conditions, future RCP scenarios of 2050 and 2070 showed a significant loss in habitat suitability and a slight shift in the distribution pattern of the target species. By excluding the high-pressure areas of the human footprint from the predicted suitable habitats, we were able to identify the unique areas (70% of the predicted suitable area) that need special attention for conservation and restoration. Such models, if well implemented, may play a pivotal role in achieving the effective targets under the aegis of the current UN decade on ecological restoration (2021-2030) in accordance with SDG 15.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Iqbal Sofi
- University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Manzoor A Shah
- University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Aijaz H Ganie
- University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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20
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Labouyrie M, Ballabio C, Romero F, Panagos P, Jones A, Schmid MW, Mikryukov V, Dulya O, Tedersoo L, Bahram M, Lugato E, van der Heijden MGA, Orgiazzi A. Patterns in soil microbial diversity across Europe. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3311. [PMID: 37291086 PMCID: PMC10250377 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37937-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Factors driving microbial community composition and diversity are well established but the relationship with microbial functioning is poorly understood, especially at large scales. We analysed microbial biodiversity metrics and distribution of potential functional groups along a gradient of increasing land-use perturbation, detecting over 79,000 bacterial and 25,000 fungal OTUs in 715 sites across 24 European countries. We found the lowest bacterial and fungal diversity in less-disturbed environments (woodlands) compared to grasslands and highly-disturbed environments (croplands). Highly-disturbed environments contain significantly more bacterial chemoheterotrophs, harbour a higher proportion of fungal plant pathogens and saprotrophs, and have less beneficial fungal plant symbionts compared to woodlands and extensively-managed grasslands. Spatial patterns of microbial communities and predicted functions are best explained when interactions among the major determinants (vegetation cover, climate, soil properties) are considered. We propose guidelines for environmental policy actions and argue that taxonomical and functional diversity should be considered simultaneously for monitoring purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maëva Labouyrie
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, VA, Italy
- Plant-Soil-Interactions, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Ferran Romero
- Plant-Soil-Interactions, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Panos Panagos
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Arwyn Jones
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, VA, Italy
| | | | - Vladimir Mikryukov
- Mycology and Microbiology Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Olesya Dulya
- Mycology and Microbiology Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Leho Tedersoo
- Mycology and Microbiology Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mohammad Bahram
- Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emanuele Lugato
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Marcel G A van der Heijden
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Plant-Soil-Interactions, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Alberto Orgiazzi
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, VA, Italy.
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21
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Cox AJF, Hartley IP, Meir P, Sitch S, Dusenge ME, Restrepo Z, González-Caro S, Villegas JC, Uddling J, Mercado LM. Acclimation of photosynthetic capacity and foliar respiration in Andean tree species to temperature change. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:2329-2344. [PMID: 36987979 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming is causing compositional changes in Andean tropical montane forests (TMFs). These shifts are hypothesised to result from differential responses to warming of cold- and warm-affiliated species, with the former experiencing mortality and the latter migrating upslope. The thermal acclimation potential of Andean TMFs remains unknown. Along a 2000 m Andean altitudinal gradient, we planted individuals of cold- and warm-affiliated species (under common soil and irrigation), exposing them to the hot and cold extremes of their thermal niches, respectively. We measured the response of net photosynthesis (Anet ), photosynthetic capacity and leaf dark respiration (Rdark ) to warming/cooling, 5 months after planting. In all species, Anet and photosynthetic capacity at 25°C were highest when growing at growth temperatures (Tg ) closest to their thermal means, declining with warming and cooling in cold-affiliated and warm-affiliated species, respectively. When expressed at Tg , photosynthetic capacity and Rdark remained unchanged in cold-affiliated species, but the latter decreased in warm-affiliated counterparts. Rdark at 25°C increased with temperature in all species, but remained unchanged when expressed at Tg . Both species groups acclimated to temperature, but only warm-affiliated species decreased Rdark to photosynthetic capacity ratio at Tg as temperature increased. This could confer them a competitive advantage under future warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J F Cox
- Geography, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4RKJ, UK
| | - Iain P Hartley
- Geography, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4RKJ, UK
| | - Patrick Meir
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JN, UK
- Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Stephen Sitch
- Geography, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4RKJ, UK
| | - Mirindi Eric Dusenge
- Geography, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4RKJ, UK
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 461, Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Sweden
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Zorayda Restrepo
- Grupo de Investigación en Ecología Aplicada, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Crowmarsh-Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Sebastian González-Caro
- Geography, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4RKJ, UK
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Crowmarsh-Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Juan Camilo Villegas
- Grupo de Investigación en Ecología Aplicada, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Johan Uddling
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 461, Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Sweden
| | - Lina M Mercado
- Geography, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4RKJ, UK
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Crowmarsh-Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK
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Yang J, Yu Q, Su W, Wang S, Wang X, Han Q, Qu J, Li H. Metagenomics reveals elevated temperature causes nitrogen accumulation mainly by inhibiting nitrate reduction process in polluted water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163631. [PMID: 37086993 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Determining the response of functional genes and microbiota involved in the nitrogen (N) cycle to warming in the face of global climate change is a hotpot topic. However, whether and how elevated temperature affects the N-cycle genes in polluted water remains unclear. Based on metagenomics, we investigated the responses of the whole N-cycling genes and their microbial communities to the temperature gradients (23, 26, 29, 32, and 35 °C) using animal cadavers as an N-pollution model. We found that the abundance of gene families involved in glutamate metabolism, assimilatory nitrate reduction to nitrite (ANRN), and denitrification pathways decreased with temperature. Moreover, warming reduced the diversity of N-cycling microbial communities. Ecological network analysis indicated that elevated temperature intensified the mutual competition of N-cycle genes. The partial least squares path model (PLS-PM) showed that warming directly suppressed most N-cycle pathways, especially glutamate metabolism, denitrification, and ANRN pathways. Corpse decay also indirectly inhibited N-cycling via regulating N content and microbial communities. Our results highlight warming leads to N accumulation by inhibiting the ANRN and denitrification pathways, which may jeopardize ecological environment security. Our study is expected to provide valuable insights into the complex N-cycle process and N-pollution in warmer aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Yang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiaoling Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of pastoral agriculture science and technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wanghong Su
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Sijie Wang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qian Han
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jiapeng Qu
- Key laboratory of adaptation and evolution of plateau biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Huan Li
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of pastoral agriculture science and technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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23
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Aqeel M, Ran J, Hu W, Irshad MK, Dong L, Akram MA, Eldesoky GE, Aljuwayid AM, Chuah LF, Deng J. Plant-soil-microbe interactions in maintaining ecosystem stability and coordinated turnover under changing environmental conditions. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 318:137924. [PMID: 36682633 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ecosystem functions directly depend upon biophysical as well as biogeochemical reactions occurring at the soil-microbe-plant interface. Environment is considered as a major driver of any ecosystem and for the distributions of living organisms. Any changes in climate may potentially alter the composition of communities i.e., plants, soil microbes and the interactions between them. Since the impacts of global climate change are not short-term, it is indispensable to appraise its effects on different life forms including soil-microbe-plant interactions. This article highlights the crucial role that microbial communities play in interacting with plants under environmental disturbances, especially thermal and water stress. We reviewed that in response to the environmental changes, actions and reactions of plants and microbes vary markedly within an ecosystem. Changes in environment and climate like warming, CO2 elevation, and moisture deficiency impact plant and microbial performance, their diversity and ultimately community structure. Plant and soil feedbacks also affect interacting species and modify community composition. The interactive relationship between plants and soil microbes is critically important for structuring terrestrial ecosystems. The anticipated climate change is aggravating the living conditions for soil microbes and plants. The environmental insecurity and complications are not short-term and limited to any particular type of organism. We have appraised effects of climate change on the soil inhabiting microbes and plants in a broader prospect. This article highlights the unique qualities of tripartite interaction between plant-soil-microbe under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aqeel
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Jinzhi Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Weigang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Muhammad Kashif Irshad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, (38000), Pakistan
| | - Longwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Akram
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China; Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Gaber E Eldesoky
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Muteb Aljuwayid
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lai Fatt Chuah
- Faculty of Maritime Studies, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Jianming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China.
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Astragalus-cultivated soil was a suitable bed soil for nurturing Angelica sinensis seedlings from the rhizosphere microbiome perspective. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3388. [PMID: 36854968 PMCID: PMC9974959 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30549-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels is an important Chinese medicinal plant. A. sinensis seedlings are grown on an undisturbed alpine meadow soil to ensure the high-quality seedlings, but these soils are disappearing year after year. Thus, selecting a suitable bed soil for A. sinensis seedlings could ensure their long-term sustainability. Using HiSeq sequencing of 16S and 18S marker genes, we investigated the rhizosphere bacterial and fungal microbiotas of the seedlings grown in wheat, astragalus, potato, and angelica-cultivated soils at a geo-authentic habitat. Co-occurrence network analysis, canonical correspondence analysis, Mantel test, and Envfit test were used to examine the relationship between the microbiotas and the surrounding factors. Astragalus-cultivated soils exhibited the following properties: the highest plant weight, the highest neighborhood connectivity in the bacterial network, the highest ratio of positive/negative relationship in both bacterial and fungal networks, the highest relative abundance of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the ectomycorrhizal fungi, the lowest relative abundance of Rhizoctonia solani, the suitable soil pH, and the close relationship between the rhizosphere microbiotas and the ecological factors. Moreover, each growth stage has its own major drivers in all crop-cultivated soils. Climate temperature and soil pH at 56 days after planting, precipitation at 98 days, and plant weight as well as microbial biomass C and N at 129 days were the major drivers of the bacterial and fungal microbiotas. Overall, the astragalus-cultivated soil was a suitable bed soil for nurturing A. sinensis seedlings to replace the undisturbed alpine meadow soils.
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25
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Couvillion SP, Danczak RE, Naylor D, Smith ML, Stratton KG, Paurus VL, Bloodsworth KJ, Farris Y, Schmidt DJ, Richardson RE, Bramer LM, Fansler SJ, Nakayasu ES, McDermott JE, Metz TO, Lipton MS, Jansson JK, Hofmockel KS. Rapid remodeling of the soil lipidome in response to a drying-rewetting event. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:34. [PMID: 36849975 PMCID: PMC9969633 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01427-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbiomes contribute to multiple ecosystem services by transforming organic matter in the soil. Extreme shifts in the environment, such as drying-rewetting cycles during drought, can impact the microbial metabolism of organic matter by altering microbial physiology and function. These physiological responses are mediated in part by lipids that are responsible for regulating interactions between cells and the environment. Despite this critical role in regulating the microbial response to stress, little is known about microbial lipids and metabolites in the soil or how they influence phenotypes that are expressed under drying-rewetting cycles. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a soil incubation experiment to simulate soil drying during a summer drought of an arid grassland, then measured the response of the soil lipidome and metabolome during the first 3 h after wet-up. RESULTS Reduced nutrient access during soil drying incurred a replacement of membrane phospholipids, resulting in a diminished abundance of multiple phosphorus-rich membrane lipids. The hot and dry conditions increased the prevalence of sphingolipids and lipids containing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, both of which are associated with heat and osmotic stress-mitigating properties in fungi. This novel finding suggests that lipids commonly present in eukaryotes such as fungi may play a significant role in supporting community resilience displayed by arid land soil microbiomes during drought. As early as 10 min after rewetting dry soil, distinct changes were observed in several lipids that had bacterial signatures including a rapid increase in the abundance of glycerophospholipids with saturated and short fatty acid chains, prototypical of bacterial membrane lipids. Polar metabolites including disaccharides, nucleic acids, organic acids, inositols, and amino acids also increased in abundance upon rewetting. This rapid metabolic reactivation and growth after rewetting coincided with an increase in the relative abundance of firmicutes, suggesting that members of this phylum were positively impacted by rewetting. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed specific changes in lipids and metabolites that are indicative of stress adaptation, substrate use, and cellular recovery during soil drying and subsequent rewetting. The drought-induced nutrient limitation was reflected in the lipidome and polar metabolome, both of which rapidly shifted (within hours) upon rewet. Reduced nutrient access in dry soil caused the replacement of glycerophospholipids with phosphorus-free lipids and impeded resource-expensive osmolyte accumulation. Elevated levels of ceramides and lipids with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in dry soil suggest that lipids likely play an important role in the drought tolerance of microbial taxa capable of synthesizing these lipids. An increasing abundance of bacterial glycerophospholipids and triacylglycerols with fatty acids typical of bacteria and polar metabolites suggest a metabolic recovery in representative bacteria once the environmental conditions are conducive for growth. These results underscore the importance of the soil lipidome as a robust indicator of microbial community responses, especially at the short time scales of cell-environment reactions. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha P Couvillion
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Robert E Danczak
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Dan Naylor
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Montana L Smith
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Kelly G Stratton
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Vanessa L Paurus
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Kent J Bloodsworth
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Yuliya Farris
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Darren J Schmidt
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Rachel E Richardson
- National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Lisa M Bramer
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Sarah J Fansler
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Ernesto S Nakayasu
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Jason E McDermott
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Thomas O Metz
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Mary S Lipton
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Janet K Jansson
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Kirsten S Hofmockel
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
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26
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Vasconcelos T. A trait-based approach to determining principles of plant biogeography. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2023; 110:e16127. [PMID: 36648370 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lineage-specific traits determine how plants interact with their surrounding environment. Unrelated species may evolve similar phenotypic characteristics to tolerate, persist in, and invade environments with certain characteristics, resulting in some traits becoming relatively more common in certain types of habitats. Analyses of these general patterns of geographical trait distribution have led to the proposal of general principles to explain how plants diversify in space over time. Trait-environment correlation analyses quantify to what extent unrelated lineages have similar evolutionary responses to a given type of habitat. In this synthesis, I give a short historical overview on trait-environment correlation analyses, from some key observations from classic naturalists to modern approaches using trait evolution models, large phylogenies, and massive data sets of traits and distributions. I discuss some limitations of modern approaches, including the need for more realistic models, the lack of data from tropical areas, and the necessary focus on trait scoring that goes beyond macromorphology. Overcoming these limitations will allow the field to explore new questions related to trait lability and niche evolution and to better identify generalities and exceptions in how plants diversify in space over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Vasconcelos
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
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27
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Bolin LG, Lennon JT, Lau JA. Traits of soil bacteria predict plant responses to soil moisture. Ecology 2023; 104:e3893. [PMID: 36208193 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms can help plants and animals contend with abiotic stressors, but why they provide such benefits remains unclear. Here we investigated byproduct benefits, which occur when traits that increase the fitness of one species provide incidental benefits to another species with no direct cost to the provider. In a greenhouse experiment, microbial traits predicted plant responses to soil moisture such that bacteria with self-beneficial traits in drought increased plant early growth, size at reproduction, and chlorophyll concentration under drought, while bacteria with self-beneficial traits in well-watered environments increased these same plant traits in well-watered soils. Thus, microbial traits that promote microbial success in different moisture environments also promote plant success in these same environments. Our results demonstrate that byproduct benefits, a concept developed to explain the evolution of cooperation in pairwise mutualisms, can also extend to interactions between plants and nonsymbiotic soil microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana G Bolin
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Jay T Lennon
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Jennifer A Lau
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.,Environmental Resilience Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
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Regulatory Mechanisms of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Plant Nutrition against Abiotic Stresses in Brassicaceae Family. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:life13010211. [PMID: 36676160 PMCID: PMC9860783 DOI: 10.3390/life13010211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Extreme environmental conditions, such as abiotic stresses (drought, salinity, heat, chilling and intense light), offer great opportunities to study how different microorganisms and plant nutrition can influence plant growth and development. The intervention of biological agents such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) coupled with proper plant nutrition can improve the agricultural importance of different plant species. Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) belongs to the monophyletic taxon and consists of around 338 genera and 3709 species worldwide. Brassicaceae is composed of several important species of economical, ornamental and food crops (vegetables, cooking oils, forage, condiments and industrial species). Sustainable production of Brassicas plants has been compromised over the years due to several abiotic stresses and the unbalanced utilization of chemical fertilizers and uncertified chemicals that ultimately affect the environment and human health. This chapter summarized the influence of PGPRs and nutrient management in the Brassicaceae family against abiotic stresses. The use of PGPRs contributed to combating climate-induced change/abiotic factors such as drought, soil and water salinization and heavy metal contamination that limits the general performance of plants. Brassica is widely utilized as an oil and vegetable crop and is harshly affected by abiotic stresses. Therefore, the use of PGPRs along with proper mineral nutrients management is a possible strategy to cope with abiotic stresses by improving biochemical, physiological and growth attributes and the production of brassica in an eco-friendly environment.
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Sarkar S, Kamke A, Ward K, Hartung E, Ran Q, Feehan B, Galliart M, Jumpponen A, Johnson L, Lee ST. Pseudomonas cultivated from Andropogon gerardii rhizosphere show functional potential for promoting plant host growth and drought resilience. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:784. [PMID: 36451103 PMCID: PMC9710129 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-09019-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Climate change will result in more frequent droughts that can impact soil-inhabiting microbiomes (rhizobiomes) in the agriculturally vital North American perennial grasslands. Rhizobiomes have contributed to enhancing drought resilience and stress resistance properties in plant hosts. In the predicted events of more future droughts, how the changing rhizobiome under environmental stress can impact the plant host resilience needs to be deciphered. There is also an urgent need to identify and recover candidate microorganisms along with their functions, involved in enhancing plant resilience, enabling the successful development of synthetic communities. RESULTS In this study, we used the combination of cultivation and high-resolution genomic sequencing of bacterial communities recovered from the rhizosphere of a tallgrass prairie foundation grass, Andropogon gerardii. We cultivated the plant host-associated microbes under artificial drought-induced conditions and identified the microbe(s) that might play a significant role in the rhizobiome of Andropogon gerardii under drought conditions. Phylogenetic analysis of the non-redundant metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) identified a bacterial genome of interest - MAG-Pseudomonas. Further metabolic pathway and pangenome analyses recovered genes and pathways related to stress responses including ACC deaminase; nitrogen transformation including assimilatory nitrate reductase in MAG-Pseudomonas, which might be associated with enhanced drought tolerance and growth for Andropogon gerardii. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated that the metagenome-assembled MAG-Pseudomonas has the functional potential to contribute to the plant host's growth during stressful conditions. Our study also suggested the nitrogen transformation potential of MAG-Pseudomonas that could impact Andropogon gerardii growth in a positive way. The cultivation of MAG-Pseudomonas sets the foundation to construct a successful synthetic community for Andropogon gerardii. To conclude, stress resilience mediated through genes ACC deaminase, nitrogen transformation potential through assimilatory nitrate reductase in MAG-Pseudomonas could place this microorganism as an important candidate of the rhizobiome aiding the plant host resilience under environmental stress. This study, therefore, provided insights into the MAG-Pseudomonas and its potential to optimize plant productivity under ever-changing climatic patterns, especially in frequent drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyadev Sarkar
- grid.36567.310000 0001 0737 1259Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS USA
| | - Abigail Kamke
- grid.36567.310000 0001 0737 1259Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS USA
| | - Kaitlyn Ward
- grid.36567.310000 0001 0737 1259Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS USA
| | - Eli Hartung
- grid.36567.310000 0001 0737 1259Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS USA
| | - Qinghong Ran
- grid.36567.310000 0001 0737 1259Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS USA
| | - Brandi Feehan
- grid.36567.310000 0001 0737 1259Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS USA
| | - Matthew Galliart
- grid.256032.00000 0001 2285 6924Department of Biological Sciences, Fort Hays State University, Hays, KS USA
| | - Ari Jumpponen
- grid.36567.310000 0001 0737 1259Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS USA
| | - Loretta Johnson
- grid.36567.310000 0001 0737 1259Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS USA
| | - Sonny T.M. Lee
- grid.36567.310000 0001 0737 1259Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS USA
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Zakavi M, Askari H, Shahrooei M. Characterization of bacterial diversity between two coastal regions with heterogeneous soil texture. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18901. [PMID: 36344551 PMCID: PMC9640712 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23487-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying microbial diversity and the effects of external factors on the microbiome could expand our understanding of environmental alterations. Silt and sand are mineral particles that form soil texture and even though most of the soils on earth contain a fraction of them and some other soils form almost by them, their effects on the microbiome remained to elucidate. In this study, the bacterial biodiversity of sand and silt clay soils was investigated. Furthermore, their effects on plant growth have been determined. Our data showed that biodiversity and biomass of microbiome are higher in silt-based soil. It is interesting that the pseudomonas genera only exist in silt-based soil while it is in the absence of sand-based soil. In contrast, B. thuringiensis could be found in sand-based soil while it is not found in silt texture. Our data also demonstrated that there are no significant changes in stress response between the two groups however, differential physiological changes in plants inoculated with silt and sand based bacterial isolates have been observed. This data could indicate that smaller size particles could contain more bacteria with higher biodiversity due to providing more surfaces for bacteria to grow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zakavi
- grid.412502.00000 0001 0686 4748Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Askari
- grid.412502.00000 0001 0686 4748Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shahrooei
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Du J, Tan T, Jiang S. Divergent responses of plant and soil microbial community to short-term nutrient addition in alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1056111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are the main restrictive elements in terrestrial ecosystems, which have an important role in determining the community composition of plants and soil microorganisms. However, there is still a lack of understanding about whether plant and soil microbes respond synchronously to external N and P addition deposition, particularly on a short time scale (< 1 year). Here, we conducted a short-term experiment (3 months) involving control, N addition, P addition, and N + P addition in an alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Responses of plant and soil microbial (bacterial and fungal) communities were analyzed using the quadrat method and high-throughput sequencing, respectively. N addition significantly increased aboveground biomass and changed the plant community composition, but had no significant effect on soil microbes. Thus, microbial and plant processes were asynchronous following the resource availability in this alpine meadow. According to our research, the plant community may react to short-term nutrient deposition more quickly than the soil microbial community.
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MacTavish R, Anderson JT. Water and nutrient availability exert selection on reproductive phenology. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2022; 109:1702-1716. [PMID: 36031862 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Global change has changed resource availability to plants, which could shift the adaptive landscape. We hypothesize that novel water and nutrient availability combinations alter patterns of natural selection on reproductive phenology in Boechera stricta (Brassicaceae) and influence the evolution of local adaptation. METHODS We conducted a multifactorial greenhouse study using 35 accessions of B. stricta sourced from a broad elevational gradient in the Rocky Mountains. We exposed full siblings to three soil water and two nutrient availability treatment levels, reflecting current and projected future conditions. In addition, we quantified fitness (seed count) and four phenological traits: the timing of first flowering, the duration of flowering, and height and leaf number at flowering. RESULTS Selection favored early flowering and longer duration of flowering, and the genetic correlation between these traits accorded with the direction of selection. In most treatments, we found selection for increased height, but selection on leaf number depended on water availability, with selection favoring more leaves in well-watered conditions and fewer leaves under severe drought. Low-elevation genotypes had the greatest fitness under drought stress, consistent with local adaptation. CONCLUSIONS We found evidence of strong selection on these heritable traits. Furthermore, the direction and strength of selection on size at flowering depended on the variable measured (height vs. leaf number). Finally, selection often favored both early flowering and a longer duration of flowering. Selection on these two components of phenology can be difficult to disentangle due to tight genetic correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel MacTavish
- Department of Genetics and Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Jill T Anderson
- Department of Genetics and Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
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Tao J, Dong F, Wang Y, Chen H, Tang M. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance photosynthesis and drought tolerance by regulating MAPK genes expressions of Populus simonii × P. nigra. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13829. [PMID: 36437546 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) promote plants to absorb more water and nutrients and improve their stress resistance. As the main signal transducer, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade plays a vital role in drought stress. However, how the MAPK family genes of mycorrhizal plants respond to stress is still not clear. Our study analyzed physiological indexes and expression profiles of MAPK family genes of Populus simonii × P. nigra under two inoculation treatments (inoculated with or without Rhizophagus irregularis) and two water conditions (well-watered or drought stress). The results showed that the stronger photosynthesis of mycorrhizal plants may be mediated by MAPK genes induced by AMF. Mycorrhizal plants showed lower oxidative damage and drought sensitivity. Mycorrhiza downregulated the expression of PsnMAPK7-2, PsnMAPK16-1, PsnMAPK19-2, and PsnMAPK20-2 which negatively regulate drought tolerance and induced specific PsnMAPKs in roots which activate transcription factors to regulate downstream gene expressions, enhancing drought tolerance. This is the first time to identify part of the MAPK gene family of P. simonii × P. nigra at the genome level and study MAPK genes in mycorrhizal forest trees. This is helpful to understand the function of the MAPK gene family in response to drought of mycorrhizal plants and lays a foundation for afforestation by using mycorrhizal saplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tao
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengxin Dong
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming Tang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Epichloë Increases Root Fungal Endophyte Richness and Alters Root Fungal Endophyte Composition in a Changing World. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8111142. [DOI: 10.3390/jof8111142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants harbor a variety of fungal symbionts both above- and belowground, yet little is known about how these fungi interact within hosts, especially in a world where resource availability is changing due to human activities. Systemic vertically transmitted endophytes such as Epichloë spp. may have particularly strong effects on the diversity and composition of later-colonizing symbionts such as root fungal endophytes, especially in primary successional systems. We made use of a long-term field experiment in Great Lakes sand dunes to test whether Epichloë colonization of the dune-building grass, Ammophila breviligulata, could alter fungal root endophyte species richness or community composition in host plants. We also tested whether nitrogen addition intensified the effects of Epichlöe on the root endophyte community. We found that Epichloë increased richness of root endophytes in Ammophila by 17% overall, but only shifted community composition of root endophytes under nitrogen-enriched conditions. These results indicate that Epichlöe acts as a key species within Ammophila, changing richness and composition of the root mycobiome and integrating above- and belowground mycobiome interactions. Further, effects of Epichloë on root endophyte communities were enhanced by N addition, indicating that this fungal species may become even more important in future environments.
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Gerling M, Petry L, Barkusky D, Büttner C, Müller MEH. Infected grasses as inoculum for Fusarium infestation and mycotoxin accumulation in wheat with and without irrigation. Mycotoxin Res 2022; 39:19-31. [PMID: 36282420 PMCID: PMC10156776 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-022-00470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AbstractGrasses growing next to agricultural fields influence the Fusarium abundance, the species composition, and the mycotoxin accumulation of wheat plants, especially the field parts directly adjacent to grasses, are highly affected. Grasses are a more attractive and suitable habitat for Fusarium fungi compared to other arable weeds and occur at mostly every semi-natural landscape element (e.g., kettle holes, hedgerows, field-to-field-borders). In our study, we analyzed the ability of a highly Fusarium infected grass stripe (F. graminearum, F. culmorum, F. sporotrichioides) to infect an adjacent wheat field with these species. Results show that the primary inoculated Fusarium species were as well the dominant species isolated from the wheat field. Regarding transects originating from the grass stripe going into the field, the results demonstrate that wheat ears next to the infected grass stripe have a higher Fusarium abundance and furthermore show higher mycotoxin accumulation in the wheat kernels. This effect was highly promoted by irrigation. Therefore, grass stripes next to arable fields must be considered as reservoirs for fungal infections and as a source for a contamination with mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Gerling
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute, Faculty of Life Science, Department of Phytomedicine, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Petry
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute, Faculty of Life Science, Department of Phytomedicine, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Barkusky
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Carmen Büttner
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute, Faculty of Life Science, Department of Phytomedicine, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marina E. H. Müller
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
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Li X, Yan Y, Lu X, Fu L, Liu Y. Responses of soil bacterial communities to precipitation change in the semi-arid alpine grassland of Northern Tibet. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1036369. [PMID: 36325540 PMCID: PMC9619073 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1036369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A change in precipitation can profoundly change the structure of soil microbial communities, especially in arid and semi-arid areas which are limited by moisture conditions. Therefore, it is crucial to explore how soil bacterial community composition and diversity will respond to variation in precipitation. Here we conducted a precipitation control experiment to simulate precipitation change by reducing and increasing rainfall by 25%, 50%, and 75% in the alpine grasslands of northern Tibet. The composition, diversity, and species interaction network of soil microbial community were studied by high-throughput sequencing, and the relationship between microbial community species and soil environmental factors was analyzed. Our results showed that Proteobacteria (45%-52%) and Actinobacteria (37%-45%) were the dominant bacteria in the soil. The alpha diversity index based on Shannon, Chao1, and Simpson indices revealed that precipitation change had no significant effect on richness and evenness of soil microbial communities. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) showed that a clear separation of soil microbial communities between D2(-50%),D3(-75%) and W2(+50%), W3(+75%) treatments. The microbial interaction network indicated that the water-increasing treatment group had closer connections, and Proteobacteria and Actinomycetes were the core species. Furthermore, there was a stronger positive correlation between species in the water-reducing treatment group, the contribution of Proteobacteria decreased significantly, the role of connecting hub decreased, and Actinomycetes became the most important core microbial species. In addition, soil water content (SWC) and available phosphorus (AP) were closely related to the variations in soil microbial compositions. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for the driving mechanism of global climate change on soil microbial community and grassland ecosystem in alpine grassland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Li
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuyang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijiao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Luera P, Gabler CA. Combined Effects of Scarification, Phytohormones, Stratification, and Soil Type on the Germination and/or Seedling Performance of Three Tamaulipan Thornscrub Forest Species. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2687. [PMID: 36297711 PMCID: PMC9610753 DOI: 10.3390/plants11202687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tamaulipan thornforests in south Texas and northeast Mexico are a conservation hotspot. Shortages of native seedlings limit regional restoration and are largely driven by knowledge gaps regarding propagation of the 75+ thornforest species planted during restorations. We previously investigated three thornforest species with low or inconsistent germination or seedling survival: Ebenopsis ebano (Fabaceae), Cordia boissieri (Boraginaceae), and Zanthoxylum fagara (Rutaceae), and identified the types and dosages of chemical seed treatments that maximized germination. However, chemical treatments were performed in isolation and combinational treatments may be required to break dormancy or maximize germination. This study builds on prior work by investigating the effects of all possible combinations of sulfuric acid (SA), gibberellic acid (GA), and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) treatments on germination of the same focal species, and further quantified the combined effects of five chemical treatments, three stratification treatments, and six soil mixture types on the germination and seedling performance of the focal species. Ebenopsis ebano germination peaked with SA and was not improved with additional chemical treatments. Cordia boissieri germination was highest with GA only in our indoor experiment but peaked with GA + IBA + SA in our outdoor experiment. Zanthoxylum fagara germination was near zero in all treatments. Stratification treatments marginally reduced E. ebano germination and reduced C. boissieri seedling height. Soil type had significant impacts on E. ebano germination and leaf abundance (residual differences up to 40% or 4 leaves, respectively) and influenced some of the effects of chemical treatments. These results enhance our understanding of thornforest seed ecology and best practices for nursery propagation of seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Luera
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1 W University Blvd, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA
| | - Christopher A. Gabler
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1 W University Blvd, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W University Dr, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
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Differential Response of Soil Microbial Community Structure in Coal Mining Areas during Different Ecological Restoration Processes. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10102013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro-organisms play important roles in promoting soil ecosystem restoration, but much of the current research has been limited to changes in microbial community structure in general, and little is known regarding the more sensitive and indicative microbial structures or the responses of microbial diversity to environmental change. In this study, based on high-throughput sequencing and molecular ecological network analyses, the structural characteristics of bacterial communities were investigated in response to four different ecological restoration modes in a coal mining subsidence area located in northwest China. The results showed that among soil nutrients, nitrate-nitrogen and fast-acting potassium were the most strongly associated with microbial community structure under different ecological restoration types. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria were identified as important phyla regarding network connectivity and structural composition. The central natural recovery zone was found to have the smallest network size and low complexity, but high modularity and good microbial community stability. Contrastingly, a highly complex molecular ecological network of soils in the photovoltaic economic zone existed beneath the photovoltaic modules, although no key species, strong bacterial competition, poor resistance to disturbance, and a significant increase in the relative abundance of Gemmatimonadetes were found. Furthermore, the reclamation zone had the highest soil nutrient content, the most complex network structure, and the most key and indicator species; however, the ecological network was less stable and readily disturbed.
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Hasterok R, Catalan P, Hazen SP, Roulin AC, Vogel JP, Wang K, Mur LAJ. Brachypodium: 20 years as a grass biology model system; the way forward? TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:1002-1016. [PMID: 35644781 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
It has been 20 years since Brachypodium distachyon was suggested as a model grass species, but ongoing research now encompasses the entire genus. Extensive Brachypodium genome sequencing programmes have provided resources to explore the determinants and drivers of population diversity. This has been accompanied by cytomolecular studies to make Brachypodium a platform to investigate speciation, polyploidisation, perenniality, and various aspects of chromosome and interphase nucleus organisation. The value of Brachypodium as a functional genomic platform has been underscored by the identification of key genes for development, biotic and abiotic stress, and cell wall structure and function. While Brachypodium is relevant to the biofuel industry, its impact goes far beyond that as an intriguing model to study climate change and combinatorial stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hasterok
- Plant Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Group, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice 40-032, Poland.
| | - Pilar Catalan
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, High Polytechnic School of Huesca, University of Zaragoza, Huesca 22071, Spain; Grupo de Bioquímica, Biofísica y Biología Computacional (BIFI, UNIZAR), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Zaragoza E-50059, Spain
| | - Samuel P Hazen
- Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Anne C Roulin
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich 8008, Switzerland
| | - John P Vogel
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; University California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Luis A J Mur
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Edward Llwyd Building, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK; College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030801, Shanxi, China.
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Phour M, Sindhu SS. Mitigating abiotic stress: microbiome engineering for improving agricultural production and environmental sustainability. PLANTA 2022; 256:85. [PMID: 36125564 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03997-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The responses of plants to different abiotic stresses and mechanisms involved in their mitigation are discussed. Production of osmoprotectants, antioxidants, enzymes and other metabolites by beneficial microorganisms and their bioengineering ameliorates environmental stresses to improve food production. Progressive intensification of global agriculture, injudicious use of agrochemicals and change in climate conditions have deteriorated soil health, diminished the microbial biodiversity and resulted in environment pollution along with increase in biotic and abiotic stresses. Extreme weather conditions and erratic rains have further imposed additional stress for the growth and development of plants. Dominant abiotic stresses comprise drought, temperature, increased salinity, acidity, metal toxicity and nutrient starvation in soil, which severely limit crop production. For promoting sustainable crop production in environmentally challenging environments, use of beneficial microbes has emerged as a safer and sustainable means for mitigation of abiotic stresses resulting in improved crop productivity. These stress-tolerant microorganisms play an effective role against abiotic stresses by enhancing the antioxidant potential, improving nutrient acquisition, regulating the production of plant hormones, ACC deaminase, siderophore and exopolysaccharides and accumulating osmoprotectants and, thus, stimulating plant biomass and crop yield. In addition, bioengineering of beneficial microorganisms provides an innovative approach to enhance stress tolerance in plants. The use of genetically engineered stress-tolerant microbes as inoculants of crop plants may facilitate their use for enhanced nutrient cycling along with amelioration of abiotic stresses to improve food production for the ever-increasing population. In this chapter, an overview is provided about the current understanding of plant-bacterial interactions that help in alleviating abiotic stress in different crop systems in the face of climate change. This review largely focuses on the importance and need of sustainable and environmentally friendly approaches using beneficial microbes for ameliorating the environmental stresses in our agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Phour
- Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Satyavir S Sindhu
- Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India.
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van Dijk LJA, Abdelfattah A, Ehrlén J, Tack AJM. Soil microbiomes drive aboveground plant–pathogen–insect interactions. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura J. A. van Dijk
- Dept of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm Univ. Stockholm Sweden
| | - Ahmed Abdelfattah
- Inst. of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz Univ. of Technology Graz Austria
| | - Johan Ehrlén
- Dept of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm Univ. Stockholm Sweden
| | - Ayco J. M. Tack
- Dept of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm Univ. Stockholm Sweden
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Cao J, Jiao Y, Che R, Holden NM, Zhang X, Biswas A, Feng Q. The effects of grazer exclosure duration on soil microbial communities on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156238. [PMID: 35623508 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
While determining the response of soil microbes to grazer exclosure duration is critical to understanding ecosystem restoration processes, few studies have focused on this issue. With seasonal grazing as a control, microbes of alpine grassland soils under 5, 13, 22, and 39 years of grazer exclosure situated in the eastern part of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, were examined. Microbial diversity was determined through Illumina high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and an internal transcription spacer (ITS). We found that soil bacterial α-diversity showed insignificant differences between seasonal grazing and grazer exclosure and among the grazer exclosures of different durations, while fungal α-diversity under the 5-year grazer exclosure was significantly different from those under the other treatments. Soil microbial community profiles under the 13-, 22-, and 39-year grazer exclosures were significantly different compared to those under the seasonal grazing or 5-year grazer exclosure. Briefly, longer exclosure durations led to a higher relative abundance of multiple copiotrophic microbial lineages (e.g., β-Proteobacteria, Rhizobiales, and Frankiales), whereas several oligotrophic microbial lineages (e.g., Chloroflexi, Leotiomycetes, and Xylariales) gradually and significantly decreased. Functional predictions suggest that as grazer exclosure duration was extended, the relative abundance of nitrogen fixers increased, while the proportions of plant pathogenic fungi decreased. This indicates that long-term grazer exclosure duration may contribute to enhanced soil nitrogen fixation and grassland health by maintaining plant growth and decreasing the risk of plant disease. However, this may have a resource cost as plant productivity and soil organic carbon both decreased with the extension of grazer exclosure duration. Therefore, the agroecology effect of grazer exclosure duration on the diversity and abundance of soil nitrogen fixing bacteria and plant pathogen fungi, should be given more attention in the cold and humid portion of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Cao
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yumeng Jiao
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Rongxiao Che
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Nicholas M Holden
- UCD School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, Agriculture and Food Science Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Alashan Desert Eco-Hydrology Experimental Research Station, Northwest Institute of Ecology and Environmental Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Asim Biswas
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Qi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Alashan Desert Eco-Hydrology Experimental Research Station, Northwest Institute of Ecology and Environmental Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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43
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Afridi MS, Javed MA, Ali S, De Medeiros FHV, Ali B, Salam A, Sumaira, Marc RA, Alkhalifah DHM, Selim S, Santoyo G. New opportunities in plant microbiome engineering for increasing agricultural sustainability under stressful conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:899464. [PMID: 36186071 PMCID: PMC9524194 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.899464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Plant microbiome (or phytomicrobiome) engineering (PME) is an anticipated untapped alternative strategy that could be exploited for plant growth, health and productivity under different environmental conditions. It has been proven that the phytomicrobiome has crucial contributions to plant health, pathogen control and tolerance under drastic environmental (a)biotic constraints. Consistent with plant health and safety, in this article we address the fundamental role of plant microbiome and its insights in plant health and productivity. We also explore the potential of plant microbiome under environmental restrictions and the proposition of improving microbial functions that can be supportive for better plant growth and production. Understanding the crucial role of plant associated microbial communities, we propose how the associated microbial actions could be enhanced to improve plant growth-promoting mechanisms, with a particular emphasis on plant beneficial fungi. Additionally, we suggest the possible plant strategies to adapt to a harsh environment by manipulating plant microbiomes. However, our current understanding of the microbiome is still in its infancy, and the major perturbations, such as anthropocentric actions, are not fully understood. Therefore, this work highlights the importance of manipulating the beneficial plant microbiome to create more sustainable agriculture, particularly under different environmental stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Ammar Javed
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sher Ali
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Baber Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Salam
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sumaira
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dalal Hussien M. Alkhalifah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gustavo Santoyo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico
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Pound MJ, Nuñez Otaño NB, Romero IC, Lim M, Riding JB, O’Keefe JMK. The fungal ecology of the Brassington Formation (Middle Miocene) of Derbyshire, United Kingdom, and a new method for palaeoclimate reconstruction. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.947623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fossil fungi from periods warmer than modern climates provide unique insights into the future impacts of anthropogenic climate change. Here we report the fossil fungal assemblage from the late Middle Miocene Kenslow Member of central England, associated with climatic conditions warmer than the present-day. The identification of 110 morphotypes, which primarily relate to moist environments and the presence of wood, have been used to develop a new nearest living relative palaeoclimate reconstruction. The fungal assemblage indicates a Köppen–Geiger climate class, represented by temperate conditions, no dry season, and warm summers. This new fungal-based palaeoclimate reconstruction technique holds exciting potential to explore critically important but poorly understood palaeoenvironments, and the resulting qualitative inferences align well with previously published palaeobotanical quantitative estimates of palaeoclimate. These findings show that diverse fungal assemblages can successfully be used to reconstruct past climates for the first time.
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Keeler AM, Rafferty NE. Legume germination is delayed in dry soils and in sterile soils devoid of microbial mutualists: Species-specific implications for upward range expansions. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9186. [PMID: 36016820 PMCID: PMC9398887 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change is affecting species and their mutualists and can lead to the weakening or loss of important interspecific interactions. Through independent shifts in partner phenology and distribution, climatic stress can separate mutualists temporally or spatially, leading to alterations in partner functional traits and fitness. Here, we explored the effects of the loss of microbial mutualists on legume germination success and phenology. In particular, we assessed the effects of mutualism loss via soil sterilization, increased drought, and introduction to novel soils found beyond the current distributions of two focal legume species in subalpine environments. Through common garden experiments in controlled environments, we found evidence that soil sterilization (and consequent microbial absence) and dry soils caused species‐specific phenological delays of 2–5 weeks in germination, likely as a result of interaction loss between legumes and specialized germination‐promoting soil microbes, such as mutualistic rhizobia. Delays in germination caused by a mismatch between legumes and beneficial microbes could negatively affect legume fitness through increased plant–plant competition later in the season. Additionally, we found evidence of the presence of beneficial microbes beyond the current elevational range of one of our focal legumes, which may allow for expansion of the leading edge, although harsh abiotic factors in the alpine may hinder this. Alterations in the strength of soil microbe‐legume mutualisms may lead to reduced fitness and altered demography for both soil microbes and legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Keeler
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology University of California, Riverside Riverside California USA.,Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory Crested Butte Colorado USA
| | - Nicole E Rafferty
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology University of California, Riverside Riverside California USA.,Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory Crested Butte Colorado USA
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46
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Cappelli SL, Domeignoz-Horta LA, Loaiza V, Laine AL. Plant biodiversity promotes sustainable agriculture directly and via belowground effects. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:674-687. [PMID: 35279365 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
While the positive relationship between plant biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF) is well established, the extent to which this is mediated via belowground microbial processes is poorly understood. Growing evidence suggests that plant community structure influences soil microbial diversity, which in turn promotes functions desired for sustainable agriculture. Here, we outline the 'plant-directed' and soil microbe-mediated mechanisms expected to promote positive BEF. We identify how this knowledge can be utilized in plant diversification schemes to maximize ecosystem functioning in agroecosystems, which are typically species poor and sensitive to biotic and abiotic stressors. In the face of resource overexploitation and global change, bridging the gaps between biodiversity science and agricultural practices is crucial to meet food security in the Anthropocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seraina L Cappelli
- Research Centre for Ecological Change, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Luiz A Domeignoz-Horta
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Viviana Loaiza
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anna-Liisa Laine
- Research Centre for Ecological Change, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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47
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Wahdan SFM, Hossen S, Tanunchai B, Sansupa C, Schädler M, Noll M, Dawoud TM, Wu YT, Buscot F, Purahong W. Life in the Wheat Litter: Effects of Future Climate on Microbiome and Function During the Early Phase of Decomposition. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022; 84:90-105. [PMID: 34487212 PMCID: PMC9250916 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01840-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Even though it is widely acknowledged that litter decomposition can be impacted by climate change, the functional roles of microbes involved in the decomposition and their answer to climate change are less understood. This study used a field experimental facility settled in Central Germany to analyze the effects of ambient vs. future climate that is expected in 50-80 years on mass loss and physicochemical parameters of wheat litter in agricultural cropland at the early phase of litter decomposition process. Additionally, the effects of climate change were assessed on microbial richness, community compositions, interactions, and their functions (production of extracellular enzymes), as well as litter physicochemical factors shaping their colonization. The initial physicochemical properties of wheat litter did not change between both climate conditions; however, future climate significantly accelerated litter mass loss as compared with ambient one. Using MiSeq Illumina sequencing, we found that future climate significantly increased fungal richness and altered fungal communities over time, while bacterial communities were more resistant in wheat residues. Changes on fungal richness and/or community composition corresponded to different physicochemical factors of litter under ambient (Ca2+, and pH) and future (C/N, N, P, K+, Ca2+, pH, and moisture) climate conditions. Moreover, highly correlative interactions between richness of bacteria and fungi were detected under future climate. Furthermore, the co-occurrence networks patterns among dominant microorganisms inhabiting wheat residues were strongly distinct between future and ambient climates. Activities of microbial β-glucosidase and N-acetylglucosaminidase in wheat litter were increased over time. Such increased enzymatic activities were coupled with a significant positive correlation between microbial (both bacteria and fungi) richness and community compositions with these two enzymatic activities only under future climate. Overall, we provide evidence that future climate significantly impacted the early phase of wheat litter decomposition through direct effects on fungal communities and through indirect effects on microbial interactions as well as corresponding enzyme production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Fareed Mohamed Wahdan
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522 Egypt
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakhawat Hossen
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Department of Applied Sciences, Institute for Bioanalysis, Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Coburg, Germany
| | - Benjawan Tanunchai
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Chakriya Sansupa
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Martin Schädler
- Department of Community Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Noll
- Department of Applied Sciences, Institute for Bioanalysis, Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Coburg, Germany
| | - Turki M. Dawoud
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Yu-Ting Wu
- Department of Forestry, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung 91201 Taiwan
| | - François Buscot
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Witoon Purahong
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
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Sarkar S, Kamke A, Ward K, Rudick AK, Baer SG, Ran Q, Feehan B, Thapa S, Anderson L, Galliart M, Jumpponen A, Johnson L, Lee STM. Bacterial but Not Fungal Rhizosphere Community Composition Differ among Perennial Grass Ecotypes under Abiotic Environmental Stress. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0239121. [PMID: 35442065 PMCID: PMC9241903 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02391-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental change, especially frequent droughts, is predicted to detrimentally impact the North American perennial grasslands. Consistent dry spells will affect plant communities as well as their associated rhizobiomes, possibly altering the plant host performance under environmental stress. Therefore, there is a need to understand the impact of drought on the rhizobiome, and how the rhizobiome may modulate host performance and ameliorate its response to drought stress. In this study, we analyzed bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizospheres of three ecotypes (dry, mesic, and wet) of dominant prairie grass, Andropogon gerardii. The ecotypes were established in 2010 in a common garden design and grown for a decade under persistent dry conditions at the arid margin of the species' range in Colby, Kansas. The experiment aimed to answer whether and to what extent do the different ecotypes maintain or recruit distinct rhizobiomes after 10 years in an arid climate. In order to answer this question, we screened the bacterial and fungal rhizobiome profiles of the ecotypes under the arid conditions of western Kansas as a surrogate for future climate environmental stress using 16S rRNA and ITS2 metabarcoding sequencing. Under these conditions, bacterial communities differed compositionally among the A. gerardii ecotypes, whereas the fungal communities did not. The ecotypes were instrumental in driving the differences among bacterial rhizobiomes, as the ecotypes maintained distinct bacterial rhizobiomes even after 10 years at the edge of the host species range. This study will aid us to optimize plant productivity through the use of different ecotypes under future abiotic environmental stress, especially drought. IMPORTANCE In this study, we used a 10-year long reciprocal garden system, and reports that different ecotypes (dry, mesic, and wet) of dominant prairie grass, Andropogon gerardii can maintain or recruit distinct bacterial but not fungal rhizobiomes after 10 years in an arid environment. We used both 16S rRNA and ITS2 amplicons to analyze the bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizospheres of the respective ecotypes. We showed that A. gerardii might regulate the bacterial community to adapt to the arid environment, in which some ecotypes were not adapted to. Our study also suggested a possible tradeoff between the generalist and the specialist bacterial communities in specific environments, which could benefit the plant host. Our study will provide insights into the plant host regulation of the rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities, especially during frequent drought conditions anticipated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyadev Sarkar
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Abigail Kamke
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Ward
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Aoesta K. Rudick
- Kansas Biological Survey & Center for Ecological Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Sara G. Baer
- Kansas Biological Survey & Center for Ecological Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - QingHong Ran
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Brandi Feehan
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Shiva Thapa
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lauren Anderson
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Matthew Galliart
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fort Hays State University, Hays, Kansas, USA
| | - Ari Jumpponen
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Loretta Johnson
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Sonny T. M. Lee
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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49
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A Drying-Rewetting Cycle Imposes More Important Shifts on Soil Microbial Communities than Does Reduced Precipitation. mSystems 2022; 7:e0024722. [PMID: 35762785 PMCID: PMC9426475 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00247-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Global changes will result in altered precipitation patterns, among which the increasing frequency of drought events has the highest deleterious potential for agriculture. Soil microbes have shown some promise to help crops adapt to drought events, but it is uncertain how crop-associated microorganisms will respond to altered precipitation patterns. To investigate this matter, we conducted a field experiment where we seeded two wheat cultivars (one resistant to water stress and the other sensitive) that were subjected to four precipitation exclusion (PE) regimes (0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% exclusion). These cultivars were sampled seven times (every 2 weeks, from May to August) within one growing season to investigate short-term microbiome responses to altered precipitation regimes and seasonality using 16S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region amplicon sequencing. One of the most striking features of the data set was the dramatic shift in microbial community diversity, structure, and composition together with a doubling of the relative abundance of the archaeal ammonia oxidizer genus Nitrososphaera following an important drying-rewetting event. Comparatively small but significant effects of PE and wheat cultivar on microbial community diversity, composition, and structure were observed. Taken together, our results demonstrate an uneven response of microbial taxa to decreasing soil water content, which was dwarfed by drying-rewetting events, to which soil bacteria and archaea were more sensitive than fungi. Importantly, our study showed that an increase in drying-rewetting cycles will cause larger shifts in soil microbial communities than a decrease in total precipitation, suggesting that under climate changes, the distribution of precipitation will be more important than small variations in the total quantity of precipitation. IMPORTANCE Climate change will have a profound effect on the precipitation patterns of global terrestrial ecosystems. Seasonal and interannual uneven distributions of precipitation will lead to increasing frequencies and intensities of extreme drought and rainfall events, which will affect crop productivity and nutrient contents in various agroecosystems. However, we still lack knowledge about the responses of soil microbial communities to reduced precipitation and drying-rewetting events in agroecosystems. Our results demonstrated an uneven response of the soil microbiome and a dramatic shift in microbial community diversity and structure to a significant drying-rewetting event with a large increase in the relative abundance of archaeal ammonia oxidizers. These findings highlight the larger importance of rewetting of dry soils on microbial communities, as compared to decreased precipitation, with potential for changes in the soil nitrogen cycling.
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50
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Oburger E, Schmidt H, Staudinger C. Harnessing belowground processes for sustainable intensification of agricultural systems. PLANT AND SOIL 2022; 478:177-209. [PMID: 36277079 PMCID: PMC9579094 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-022-05508-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Increasing food demand coupled with climate change pose a great challenge to agricultural systems. In this review we summarize recent advances in our knowledge of how plants, together with their associated microbiota, shape rhizosphere processes. We address (molecular) mechanisms operating at the plant-microbe-soil interface and aim to link this knowledge with actual and potential avenues for intensifying agricultural systems, while at the same time reducing irrigation water, fertilizer inputs and pesticide use. Combining in-depth knowledge about above and belowground plant traits will not only significantly advance our mechanistic understanding of involved processes but also allow for more informed decisions regarding agricultural practices and plant breeding. Including belowground plant-soil-microbe interactions in our breeding efforts will help to select crops resilient to abiotic and biotic environmental stresses and ultimately enable us to produce sufficient food in a more sustainable agriculture in the upcoming decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Oburger
- Department of Forest and Soil Science, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenzstrasse 24, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Hannes Schmidt
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christiana Staudinger
- Department of Forest and Soil Science, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenzstrasse 24, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-7-1, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
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