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Januzzi JL, Butler J, Del Prato S, Ezekowitz JA, Ibrahim NE, Lam CSP, Lewis GD, Marwick TH, Perfetti R, Rosenstock J, Solomon SD, Tang WHW, Zannad F. Randomized Trial of a Selective Aldose Reductase Inhibitor in Patients With Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 84:137-148. [PMID: 38597864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.03.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progression to symptomatic heart failure is a complication of type 2 diabetes; heart failure onset in this setting is commonly preceded by deterioration in exercise capacity. OBJECTIVES This study sought to determine whether AT-001, a highly selective aldose reductase inhibitor, can stabilize exercise capacity among individuals with diabetic cardiomyopathy (DbCM) and reduced peak oxygen uptake (Vo2). METHODS A total of 691 individuals with DbCM meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomized to receive placebo or ascending doses of AT-001 twice daily. Stratification at inclusion included region of enrollment, cardiopulmonary exercise test results, and use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. The primary endpoint was proportional change in peak Vo2 from baseline to 15 months. Subgroup analyses included measures of disease severity and stratification variables. RESULTS The mean age was 67.5 ± 7.2 years, and 50.4% of participants were women. By 15 months, peak Vo2 fell in the placebo-treated patients by -0.31 mL/kg/min (P = 0.005 compared to baseline), whereas in those receiving high-dose AT-001, peak Vo2 fell by -0.01 mL/kg/min (P = 0.21); the difference in peak Vo2 between placebo and high-dose AT-001 was 0.30 (P = 0.19). In prespecified subgroup analyses among those not receiving sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists at baseline, the difference between peak Vo2 in placebo vs high-dose AT-001 at 15 months was 0.62 mL/kg/min (P = 0.04; interaction P = 0.10). CONCLUSIONS Among individuals with DbCM and impaired exercise capacity, treatment with AT-001 for 15 months did not result in significantly better exercise capacity compared with placebo. (Safety and Efficacy of AT-001 in Patients With Diabetic Cardiomyopathy [ARISE-HF]; NCT04083339).
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Januzzi
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Javed Butler
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA; Baylor Scott and White Institute, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Stefano Del Prato
- Interdisciplinary Center "Health Sciences," Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy
| | - Justin A Ezekowitz
- Division of Cardiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nasrien E Ibrahim
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carolyn S P Lam
- Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; National Heart Centre Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gregory D Lewis
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas H Marwick
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Julio Rosenstock
- Velocity Clinical Research Center at Medical City, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Scott D Solomon
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - W H Wilson Tang
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm CIC and CHRU, Nancy, France
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Yang Y, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Deng J, Wu L. Tirzepatide alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic nephropathy via IL-17 signaling pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05066-1. [PMID: 38965127 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05066-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation play essential roles in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Tirzepatide (TZP) has a protective effect in diabetes. However, its underlying mechanism in DN remains unclear. DN model mice were induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 60 mg/kg), followed by administration of different doses of TZP (3 and 10 nmol/kg) via intraperitoneal injection for 8 weeks. The effects of TZP on DN were evaluated by detecting DN-related biochemical indicators, kidney histopathology, apoptosis, OS, and inflammation levels. Additionally, to further reveal the potential mechanism, we investigated the role of TZP in modulating the IL-17 pathway. TZP reduced serum creatinine (sCR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) levels, while simultaneously promoting insulin secretion in diabetic mice. Additionally, TZP attenuated tubular and glomerular injury and reduced renal apoptosis levels. Further studies found that TZP increased the levels of SOD and CAT, and decreased MDA. Meanwhile, TZP also reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in both mouse serum and kidney homogenates. TZP effectively inhibited the IL-17 pathway, and subsequent intervention with an IL-17 pathway agonist (IL-17A) reversed the suppressive effects of TZP on OS and inflammation. TZP can improve DN by inhibiting OS and inflammation through the suppression of the IL-17 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Division of Cardiac Arrhythmia, Cardiac and Vascular Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Haiyuan 1st Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 1333 Xinhu Road, Shenzhen, 518053, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yiyong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, No. 804 Shengli South Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 1333 Xinhu Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Deng
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 1333 Xinhu Road, Shenzhen, 518053, Guangdong, China
| | - Lihao Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Science Shenzhen Hospital, No. 4253 Matian Street, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Gluvic Z, Obradovic M, Manojlovic M, Vincenza Giglio R, Maria Patti A, Ciaccio M, Suri JS, Rizzo M, Isenovic ER. Impact of different hormones on the regulation of nitric oxide in diabetes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 592:112325. [PMID: 38968968 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Polymetabolic syndrome achieved pandemic proportions and dramatically influenced public health systems functioning worldwide. Chronic vascular complications are the major contributors to increased morbidity, disability, and mortality rates in diabetes patients. Nitric oxide (NO) is among the most important vascular bed function regulators. However, NO homeostasis is significantly deranged in pathological conditions. Additionally, different hormones directly or indirectly affect NO production and activity and subsequently act on vascular physiology. In this paper, we summarize the recent literature data related to the effects of insulin, estradiol, insulin-like growth factor-1, ghrelin, angiotensin II and irisin on the NO regulation in physiological and diabetes circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Gluvic
- University Clinical-Hospital Centre Zemun-Belgrade, Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Milan Obradovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mia Manojlovic
- Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia; Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Rosaria Vincenza Giglio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Italy; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Angelo Maria Patti
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Marcello Ciaccio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Italy; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Jasjit S Suri
- Stroke Monitoring and Diagnostic Division, AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA, 95661, USA
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Internal Medicine Unit, "Vittorio Emanuele II" Hospital, Castelvetrano, Italy
| | - Esma R Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Sinclair SH, Schwartz S. Diabetic retinopathy: New concepts of screening, monitoring, and interventions. Surv Ophthalmol 2024:S0039-6257(24)00077-8. [PMID: 38964559 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The science of diabetes care has progressed to provide a better understanding of the oxidative and inflammatory lesions and pathophysiology of the neurovascular unit within the retina (and brain) that occur early in diabetes, even prediabetes. Screening for retinal structural abnormalities, has traditionally been performed by fundus examination or color fundus photography; however, these imaging techniques detect the disease only when there are sufficient lesions, predominantly hemorrhagic, that are recognized to occur late in the disease process after significant neuronal apoptosis and atrophy, as well as microvascular occlusion with alterations in vision. Thus, interventions have been primarily oriented toward the later-detected stages, and clinical trials, while demonstrating a slowing of the disease progression, demonstrate minimal visual improvement and modest reduction in the continued loss over prolonged periods. Similarly, vision measurement utilizing charts detects only problems of visual function late, as the process begins most often parafoveally with increasing number and progressive expansion, including into the fovea. While visual acuity has long been used to define endpoints of visual function for such trials, current methods reviewed herein are found to be imprecise. We review improved methods of testing visual function and newer imaging techniques with the recommendation that these must be utilized to discover and evaluate the injury earlier in the disease process, even in the prediabetic state. This would allow earlier therapy with ocular as well as systemic pharmacologic treatments that lower the and neuro-inflammatory processes within eye and brain. This also may include newer, micropulsed laser therapy that, if applied during the earlier cascade, should result in improved and often normalized retinal function without the adverse treatment effects of standard photocoagulation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stan Schwartz
- University of Pennsylvania Affiliate, Main Line Health System, USA
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Wang W, Chang P, Jin J, Pu F, Li D, Bai Y, Dong K, Yang Q, Li T. Cardioprotective effects of curcumin against Diabetic Cardiomyopathies: A systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155619. [PMID: 38723524 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a common complication of diabetes, diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) often leads to further damage to the heart muscle. Curcumin has been proven to have a variety of cardioprotective effects, however, the protective effect against DCM has not been systematically reviewed. PURPOSE In this study, we aimed to analyze the preclinical (animal model) evidence of curcumin's therapeutic effects in DCM. METHODS Eight databases and two registry systems were searched from the time of library construction to 1 November 2023. We performed rigorous data extraction and quality assessment. The included studies' methodological quality was appraised using the SYRCLE RoB tool, statistical analyses were carried out using RevMan 5.4 software, and Funnel plots and Egger's test were performed using Stata 17.0 software to assess publication bias. RESULTS This study included 32 trials with a total of 681 animals. Meta-analysis showed that curcumin significantly improved cardiac function indices (LVEF, LVFS, and LVSd) (p < 0.01), decreased markers of myocardial injury, HW/BW ratio, and randomized blood glucose compared to the control group, in addition to showing beneficial effects on mechanistic indices of myocardial oxidation, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Curcumin may exert cardioprotective effects in DCM through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, autophagy-enhancing, and anti-apoptotic effects. Its protective effect is proportional to the dose, and the efficacy may be further increased at a concentration of more than 200 mg/kg, and further validation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujiao Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Peifen Chang
- Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jialin Jin
- China Science and Technology Development Centre for Traditional Chinese Medicine (Talent Exchange Centre of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Beijing, 100027, China
| | - Fenglan Pu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dan Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Ying Bai
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan campus), Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ke Dong
- National Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Center for Cardiovascular Disease, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Qingshu Yang
- Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Tianli Li
- National Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Center for Cardiovascular Disease, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100000, China.
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6
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Bejarano E, Domenech-Bendaña A, Avila-Portillo N, Rowan S, Edirisinghe S, Taylor A. Glycative stress as a cause of macular degeneration. Prog Retin Eye Res 2024; 101:101260. [PMID: 38521386 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2024.101260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
People are living longer and rates of age-related diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are accelerating, placing enormous burdens on patients and health care systems. The quality of carbohydrate foods consumed by an individual impacts health. The glycemic index (GI) is a kinetic measure of the rate at which glucose arrives in the blood stream after consuming various carbohydrates. Consuming diets that favor slowly digested carbohydrates releases sugar into the bloodstream gradually after consuming a meal (low glycemic index). This is associated with reduced risk for major age-related diseases including AMD, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. In comparison, consuming the same amounts of different carbohydrates in higher GI diets, releases glucose into the blood rapidly, causing glycative stress as well as accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Such AGEs are cytotoxic by virtue of their forming abnormal proteins and protein aggregates, as well as inhibiting proteolytic and other protective pathways that might otherwise selectively recognize and remove toxic species. Using in vitro and animal models of glycative stress, we observed that consuming higher GI diets perturbs metabolism and the microbiome, resulting in a shift to more lipid-rich metabolomic profiles. Interactions between aging, diet, eye phenotypes and physiology were observed. A large body of laboratory animal and human clinical epidemiologic data indicates that consuming lower GI diets, or lower glycemia diets, is protective against features of early AMD (AMDf) in mice and AMD prevalence or AMD progression in humans. Drugs may be optimized to diminish the ravages of higher glycemic diets. Human trials are indicated to determine if AMD progression can be retarded using lower GI diets. Here we summarized the current knowledge regarding the pathological role of glycative stress in retinal dysfunction and how dietary strategies might diminish retinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloy Bejarano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Veterinary School, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alicia Domenech-Bendaña
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Veterinary School, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Sheldon Rowan
- JM USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, United States
| | - Sachini Edirisinghe
- Tufts University Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, United States
| | - Allen Taylor
- Tufts University Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, United States.
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7
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Psoma O, Makris M, Tselepis A, Tsimihodimos V. Short-term Glycemic Variability and Its Association With Macrovascular and Microvascular Complications in Patients With Diabetes. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2024; 18:956-967. [PMID: 36576014 DOI: 10.1177/19322968221146808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of continuous glucose monitoring inaugurated a new era in clinical practice by shifting the characterization of glycemic control from HbA1c to novel metrics. The one that gained widespread attention over the past decades was glycemic variability (GV), which typically refers to peaks and nadirs of blood glucose measured over a given time interval. GV can be dichotomized into two main categories: short-term and long-term. Short-term GV reflects within-day and between-day glycemic oscillations, and its contribution to diabetic complications remains an enigma. In this review, we summarize the available data about short-term GV and its possible association with both microvascular and macrovascular complications, evaluating different pathogenic mechanisms and demonstrating nonpharmaceutical, as well as pharmaceutical, therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourania Psoma
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Marios Makris
- UCL Medical School, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alexandros Tselepis
- Atherothrombosis Research Centre/Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vasilis Tsimihodimos
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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Sammons EL, Buck G, Bowman LJ, Stevens WM, Hammami I, Parish S, Armitage J. ASCEND-Eye: Effects of Aspirin on Diabetic Retinopathy. Ophthalmology 2024; 131:771-779. [PMID: 38237868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Preclinical studies support a protective role for aspirin in early diabetic retinopathy (DR), but the findings from randomized trials are limited. We present randomized evidence for the efficacy and safety of aspirin on DR outcomes. DESIGN A substudy of the A Study of Cardiovascular Events in Diabetes (ASCEND) double-masked, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 100 mg aspirin daily for the primary prevention of serious cardiovascular events in people with diabetes. PARTICIPANTS Fifteen thousand four hundred eighty United Kingdom adults at least 40 years of age with diabetes. METHODS Linkage to electronic National Health Service Diabetic Eye Screening Programme records in England and Wales and confirmation of participant-reported eye events via medical record review were carried out. Log-rank methods were used for intention-to-treat analyses of time until the first primary efficacy and safety outcomes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary efficacy end point was the first record of referable disease after randomization, a composite of referable retinopathy or referable maculopathy based on the grading criteria defined by the United Kingdom National Screening Committee. The primary safety outcome was the first sight-threatening eye bleed, defined as clinically significant bleeding in the eye that resulted in unresolved visual loss or required an urgent intervention such as laser photocoagulation, vitreoretinal surgery, intraocular injection, or a combination thereof. RESULTS Linkage data were obtained for 7360 participants (48% of those randomized in ASCEND). During the mean follow-up of 6.5 years, 539 participants (14.6%) experienced a referable disease event in the aspirin group, compared with 522 participants (14.2%) in the placebo group (rate ratio, 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91-1.16; P = 0.64). No statistically significant between-group difference was found in the proportions of sight-threatening eye bleed events (57 participants [0.7%] and 64 participants [0.8%], respectively; rate ratio, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.62-1.27). DISCUSSION These data exclude any clinically meaningful benefits of aspirin for DR, but give reassurance regarding the ophthalmologic safety of aspirin. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Sammons
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Georgina Buck
- Big Data Institute, Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Louise J Bowman
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - William M Stevens
- Big Data Institute, Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Imen Hammami
- Big Data Institute, Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Parish
- Big Data Institute, Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Armitage
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Kumar J, Kowluru RA. Mitochondrial DNA transcription and mitochondrial genome-encoded long noncoding RNA in diabetic retinopathy. Mitochondrion 2024; 78:101925. [PMID: 38944370 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
In diabetic retinopathy, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is damaged and mtDNA-encoded genes and long noncoding RNA cytochrome B (LncCytB) are downregulated. LncRNAs lack an open reading frame, but they can regulate gene expression by associating with DNA/RNA/protein. Double stranded mtDNA has promoters on both heavy (HSP) and light (LSP) strands with binding sites for mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) between them. The aim was to investigate the role of LncCytB in mtDNA transcription in diabetic retinopathy. Using human retinal endothelial cells incubated in high glucose, the effect of regulation of LncCytB on TFAM binding at mtDNA promoters was investigated by Chromatin immunoprecipitation, and binding of LncCytB at TFAM by RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization. High glucose decreased TFAM binding at both HSP and LSP, and binding of LncCytB at TFAM. While LncCytB overexpression ameliorated decrease in TFAM binding and transcription of genes encoded by both H- and L- strands, LncCytB-siRNA further downregulated them. Maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis by overexpressing mitochondrial superoxide dismutase or Sirtuin-1 protected diabetes-induced decrease in TFAM binding at mtDNA and LncCytB binding at TFAM, and mtDNA transcription. Similar results were obtained from mouse retinal microvessels from streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Thus, LncCytB facilitates recruitment of TFAM at HSP and LSP, and its downregulation in diabetes compromises the binding, resulting in the downregulation of polypeptides encoded by mtDNA. Regulation of LncCytB, in addition to protecting mitochondrial genomic stability, should also help in maintaining the transcription of mtDNA encoded genes and electron transport chain integrity in diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Kumar
- Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University, 4717 St. Antoine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Renu A Kowluru
- Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University, 4717 St. Antoine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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10
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Regu VR, Gohel V, Gaur M, Swain RP, Das J, Subudhi BB. Tamarind seed polysaccharide-metformin insert: Higher ocular retention, slow-release, and efficacy against corneal burn. Int J Pharm 2024; 659:124265. [PMID: 38795935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Metformin (MET) can be an alternative therapeutic strategy for managing ocular burn primarily because of its pleiotropic mechanism. Longer retention on the ocular surface and sustained release are necessary to ensure the efficacy of MET for ocular application. Although the high aqueous solubility of MET is good for formulation and biocompatibility, it makes MET prone to high nasolacrimal drainage. This limits ocular residence and may be a challenge in its application. To address this, polymers approved for ophthalmic application with natural origin were analyzed through in silico methods to determine their ability to bind to mucin and interact with MET. An ocular insert of MET (3 mg/6 mm) was developed using a scalable solvent casting method without using preservatives. The relative composition of the insert was 58 ± 2.06 %w/w MET with approximately 14 %w/w tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP), and 28 %w/w propylene glycol (PG). Its stability was demonstrated as per the ICH Q1A (R2) guidelines. Compatibility, ocular retention, drug release, and other functional parameters were evaluated. In rabbits, efficacy was demonstrated in the 'corneal alkali burn preclinical model'. TSP showed potential for mucoadhesion and interaction with MET. With adequate stability and sterility, the insert contributed to adequate retention of MET (10-12 h) in vivo and slow release (30 h) in vitro. This resulted in significant efficacy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varaprasad R Regu
- Drug Development and Analysis Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be) University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Vinit Gohel
- Drug Development and Analysis Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be) University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Mahendra Gaur
- Drug Development and Analysis Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be) University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Ranjit P Swain
- Drug Development and Analysis Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be) University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India; GITAM School of Pharmacy, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam 530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Jayakrushna Das
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Bharat B Subudhi
- Drug Development and Analysis Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be) University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India.
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Yamaguchi H, Matsumura T, Sugawa H, Niimi N, Sango K, Nagai R. Glucoselysine, a unique advanced glycation end-product of the polyol pathway and its association with vascular complications in type 2 diabetes. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107479. [PMID: 38879006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucoselysine (GL) is an unique advanced glycation end-product derived from fructose. The main source of fructose in vivo is the polyol pathway, and an increase in its activity leads to diabetic complications. Here, we aimed to demonstrate that GL can serve as an indicator of the polyol pathway activity. Additionally, we propose a novel approach for detecting GL in peripheral blood samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and evaluate its clinical usefulness. We successfully circumvent interference from fructoselysine, which shares the same molecular weight as GL, by performing ultrafiltration and hydrolysis without reduction, successfully generating adequate peaks for quantification in serum. Furthermore, using immortalized aldose reductase KO mouse Schwann cells, we demonstrate that GL reflects the downstream activity of the polyol pathway and that GL produced intracellularly is released into the extracellular space. Clinical studies reveal that GL levels in patients with type 2 diabetes are significantly higher than those in healthy participants, while Nδ-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl)ornithine (MG-H1) levels are significantly lower. Both GL and MG-H1 show higher values among patients with vascular complications; however, GL varies more markedly than MG-H1 as well as hemoglobin A1c, fasting plasma glucose, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Furthermore, GL remains consistently stable under various existing drug treatments for type 2 diabetes, whereas MG-H1 is impacted. To the best of our knowledge, we provide important insights in predicting diabetic complications caused by enhanced polyol pathway activity via assessment of GL levels in peripheral blood samples from patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Graduate School of Bioscience, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsumura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hikari Sugawa
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Department of Food and Life Science, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naoko Niimi
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Department of Diseases and Infection, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Sango
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Department of Diseases and Infection, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoji Nagai
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Graduate School of Bioscience, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan; Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Department of Food and Life Science, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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12
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Schweitzer N, Son SJ, Thurston RC, Li J, Chen CL, Aizenstein H, Yang S, Iordanova B, Hong CH, Roh HW, Cho YH, Hong S, Nam YJ, Lee DY, Park B, Kim NR, Choi JW, Cheong J, Seo SW, An YS, Moon SY, Han SJ, Wu M. Sex-Specific Risk Factors and Clinical Dementia Outcomes for White Matter Hyperintensities in a large South Korean Cohort. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4473148. [PMID: 38947089 PMCID: PMC11213210 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4473148/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Objective White matter hyperintensities (WMH) on brain MRI images are the most common feature of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Studies have yielded divergent findings on the modifiable risk factors for WMH and WMH's impact on cognitive decline. Mounting evidence suggests sex differences in WMH burden and subsequent effects on cognition. Thus, we aimed to identify sex-specific modifiable risk factors for WMH. We then explored whether there were sex-specific associations of WMH to longitudinal clinical dementia outcomes. Methods Participants aged 49-89 years were recruited at memory clinics and underwent a T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) 3T MRI scan to measure WMH volume. Participants were then recruited for two additional follow-up visits, 1-2 years apart, where clinical dementia rating sum of boxes (CDR-SB) scores were measured. We first explored which known modifiable risk factors for WMH were significant when tested for a sex-interaction effect. We additionally tested which risk factors were significant when stratified by sex. We then tested to see whether WMH is longitudinally associated with clinical dementia that is sex-specific. Results The study utilized data from 713 participants (241 males, 472 females) with a mean age of 72.3 years and 72.8 years for males and females, respectively. 57.3% and 59.5% of participants were diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) for males and females, respectively. 40.7% and 39.4% were diagnosed with dementia for males and females, respectively. Of the 713 participants, 181 participants had CDR-SB scores available for three longitudinal time points. Compared to males, females showed stronger association of age to WMH volume. Type 2 Diabetes was associated with greater WMH burden in females but not males. Finally, baseline WMH burden was associated with worse clinical dementia outcomes longitudinally in females but not in males. Discussion Elderly females have an accelerated increase in cerebrovascular burden as they age, and subsequently are more vulnerable to clinical dementia decline due to CSVD. Additionally, females are more susceptible to the cerebrovascular consequences of diabetes. These findings emphasize the importance of considering sex when examining the consequences of CSVD. Future research should explore the underlying mechanisms driving these sex differences and personalized prevention and treatment strategies. Clinical trial registration The BICWALZS is registered in the Korean National Clinical Trial Registry (Clinical Research Information Service; identifier, KCT0003391). Registration Date 2018/12/14.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sang Woon Seo
- Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Minjie Wu
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
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Fonseca LM, Schmidt JJ, Snoek FJ, Weinstock RS, Chaytor N, Stuckey H, Ryan CM, van Duinkerken E. Barriers and Facilitators of Self-Management in Older People with Type 1 Diabetes: A Narrative Review Focusing on Cognitive Impairment. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:2403-2417. [PMID: 38872713 PMCID: PMC11175657 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s410363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, life expectancy of people with type 1 diabetes has increased considerably, which brings potential challenges due to the process of aging. Cognitive aging and dementia, as well as reductions in visual acuity, hearing and dexterity, can influence the frequency and quality of daily self-management activities, including medication taking and insulin dosing, glucose self-monitoring, and healthy eating. This can increase the risk for hypo- and hyperglycemic events, which, in turn, may contribute to cognitive decline. Because there is a gap in understanding the barriers and facilitators of self-management in older adults with type 1 diabetes and the relationship to cognitive functioning, the authors 1) review the available literature on cognitive aging and type 1 diabetes, 2) describe what self-management in later adulthood entails and the cognitive functions required for effective self-management behaviors, 3) analyze the interaction between type 1 diabetes, cognition, aging, and self-management behaviors, and 4) describe the barriers and facilitators for self-management throughout the life span and how they may differ for older people. Potential evidence-based practices that could be developed for older adults with type 1 diabetes are discussed. There is need for further studies that clarify the impact of aging on T1D self-management, ultimately to improve diabetes care and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Mascarenhas Fonseca
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
- Programa Terceira Idade (PROTER, Old Age Research Group), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Janeiro Schmidt
- Post-Graduate Program in Neurology, Universidade Federal Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Frank J Snoek
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ruth S Weinstock
- Department of Medicine, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Naomi Chaytor
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Heather Stuckey
- Department of Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Christopher M Ryan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eelco van Duinkerken
- Post-Graduate Program in Neurology, Universidade Federal Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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14
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Ji W, Li B, Li N, Xing C. Design Strategy of Microneedle Systems for Skin Wound Healing: Based on the Structure of Tips and Therapeutic Methodologies. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024. [PMID: 38863157 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The skin, being the largest organ of the human body, is susceptible to damage resulting in wounds that are vulnerable to pathogenic attacks and fail to provide effective protection for internal tissues. Therefore, it is crucial to expedite wound healing. In recent years, microneedles have garnered significant attention as an innovative drug delivery system owing to their noninvasive and painless administration, simplified application process, precise control over drug release, and versatile loading capabilities. Consequently, they hold immense potential for the treatment of skin wound. This review presents a comprehensive design strategy for the microneedle system in promoting skin wound healing. First, the process of skin wound healing and the characteristics of specific wounds are elucidated. The design strategies for microneedles are subsequently presented and classified based on their structural and therapeutic methodologies. Finally, a succinct recapitulation of the previously discussed points and a prospective analysis are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Ji
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Boying Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
| | - Ning Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, P. R. China
| | - Chengfen Xing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China
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15
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Yao Y, Wang Q, Yang J, Yan Y, Wei W. Associations of retinal microvascular alterations with diabetes mellitus: an OCTA-based cross-sectional study. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:245. [PMID: 38858679 PMCID: PMC11165894 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03492-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes, a health crisis afflicting millions worldwide, is increasing rapidly in prevalence. The microvascular complications triggered by diabetes have emerged as the principal cause of renal disease and blindness. The retinal microvascular network may be sensitive to early systemic vascular structural and functional changes. Therefore, this research endeavored to discern the systemic determinants influencing the retinal microvascular network in patients with and without diabetes. METHODS The Kailuan Eye Study is a cross-sectional study based on the community-based cohort Kailuan Study. Participants underwent optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) (Zeiss Cirrus 5000; Carl Zeiss Meditec) and comprehensive systemic examination. Metrics such as perfusion density (PD), vascular density (VD), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) parameters of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) in the macula were assessed. RESULTS This study included 860 eligible participants (average age = 62.75 ± 6.52 years; 21.9% female), of which 449 were diabetics. People with diabetes had diminished PD and VD in the entire macular and parafoveal regions compared to people without diabetes. Reduced PD in the whole macular region was correlated with higher fasting plasma glucose (FPG, mmol/L) concentration (Beta = -0.19, 95% CI = -0.42 to -0.36, P < 0.001), longer axial length (AL, mm) (Beta = -0.13, 95%CI = -0.48 to -0.25, P = 0.002), and elevated heart rate (Beta = -0.10, 95%CI = -0.14 to -0.19, P = 0.014), after adjusting for younger age (Beta = -0.18, 95%CI = -0.24 to -0.35, P < 0.001), consistent with VD of the whole macular region. A higher FPG level was significantly correlated with lower SCP density of both PD and VD in the macular and parafoveal region (P < 0.05 for all), as well as increased systolic blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration (P < 0.01 for all). CONCLUSIONS In this large-sample cross-sectional study, OCTA evaluation revealed that high prevalence of diabetes and elevated FPG levels were correlated with reduced retinal VD and PD. Hypertension and hyperlipidemia are important risk factors for the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease but have no significant effect on retinal microvascular abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Ophthalmology&Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijingkey, 100730, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Ophthalmology&Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijingkey, 100730, China
| | - Jingyan Yang
- Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Ophthalmology&Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijingkey, 100730, China
| | - Yanni Yan
- Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Ophthalmology&Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijingkey, 100730, China
| | - Wenbin Wei
- Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Ophthalmology&Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijingkey, 100730, China.
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16
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Liu Z, Schaeffer NE, Wang X. Differential signaling effects of blood glucose on delay discounting in individuals with and without type 1 diabetes. J Behav Med 2024:10.1007/s10865-024-00500-7. [PMID: 38853222 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-024-00500-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Based on the signaling hypothesis of blood glucose (BG), a rise in BG levels signals a positive energy budget for healthy individuals but cellular starvation for individuals with type 1 diabetes. We examined this novel prediction and its intervention implications in the context of delay discounting, the degree to which delayed rewards are discounted, and the regulatory effects of insulin ingestion. We recruited 44 adults with type 1 diabetes (mean age 30.8 years, diabetes duration 15.4 years) and recorded their BG levels. The delay discounting rate was measured using the intertemporal choice task, where participants were required to choose between sets of smaller-and-sooner (SS) and larger-and-later (LL) rewards. In addition, 82 age-matched healthy participants were recruited to provide a baseline comparison on delay discounting. Random forest analysis showed that among many diagnostic factors, delay discounting was most dominating in differentiating the individuals with type 1 diabetes from the control participants. A hierarchical linear mixed model revealed that participants with type 1 diabetes had a stronger preference for SS rewards (p < .001) after controlling for covariates. Participants who had insulin delivered before the last meal exhibited a stronger preference for LL rewards compared to after-meal delivery. In contrast, subjective measures (e.g., self-reported hunger) failed to predict the participants' actual BG levels and delay discounting rates. In sum, individuals with type 1 diabetes tend to discount future rewards excessively compared to the control participants. Pre-meal insulin ingestion was associated with a higher LL preference for future rewards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | | | - XiaoTian Wang
- School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China.
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17
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Liu D, Ren B, Tian Y, Chang Z, Zou T. Association of the TyG index with prognosis in surgical intensive care patients: data from the MIMIC-IV. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:193. [PMID: 38844938 PMCID: PMC11157750 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02293-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a tool for assessing insulin resistance, is increasingly recognized for its ability to predict cardiovascular and metabolic risks. However, its relationship with trauma and surgical patient prognosis is understudied. This study investigated the correlation between the TyG index and mortality risk in surgical/trauma ICU patients to identify high-risk individuals and improve prognostic strategies. METHODS This study identified patients requiring trauma/surgical ICU admission from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-IV) database, and divided them into tertiles based on the TyG index. The outcomes included 28-day mortality and 180-day mortality for short-term and long-term prognosis. The associations between the TyG index and clinical outcomes in patients were elucidated using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and RCS models. RESULTS A total of 2103 patients were enrolled. The 28-day mortality and 180-day mortality rates reached 18% and 24%, respectively. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that an elevated TyG index was significantly related to 28-day and 180-day mortality after covariates adjusting. An elevated TyG index was significantly associated with 28-day mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.19; 95% confidence interval 1.04-1.37) and 180-day mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.24; 95% confidence interval 1.11-1.39). RCS models revealed that a progressively increasing risk of mortality was related to an elevated TyG index. According to our subgroup analysis, an elevated TyG index is associated with increased risk of 28-day and 180-day mortality in critically ill patients younger than 60 years old, as well as those with concomitant stroke or cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, in nondiabetic patients, an elevated TyG index is associated with 180-day mortality. CONCLUSION An increasing risk of mortality was related to an elevated TyG index. In critically ill patients younger than 60 years old, as well as those with concomitant stroke or cardiovascular diseases, an elevated TyG index is associated with adverse short-term and long-term outcomes. Furthermore, in non-diabetic patients, an elevated TyG index is associated with adverse long-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Hospital, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingkui Ren
- Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Tian
- Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Chang
- Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tong Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
- Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
- Beijing Hospital, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Phan TCL, Chiang YS, Su MJ, Liang YJ, Juang SJ. Topical Clonidine Accelerates Cutaneous Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats by Regulating the Expression of Related Cytokine Signaling. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5668-5681. [PMID: 38921010 PMCID: PMC11202418 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Based on the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of clonidine in previous studies, we hypothesized that clonidine could accelerate wound healing in rats by regulating the expression of related cytokines. In this study, the wound healing effect of clonidine was evaluated using an excision wound model in diabetic rats and a HaCaT cell model. The wounds were treated daily with topical clonidine. The results analyzed by ImageJ2 software show that the wounds of the rats that were treated with 15 ng/mL clonidine recovered faster, and the wound size was also significantly reduced compared to the control group. Western blot assays determined that clonidine induced an increase in the expression of vascular growth factors, namely, Ang-1, Ang-2, and VEGF. Moreover, clonidine demonstrated a rescuing effect on JAK2 within the JAK/STAT pathway by inhibiting SOCS3 expression, leading to decreased SOCS3 levels and increased expression of JAK2 and phospho-STAT3. Histopathological analysis revealed that clonidine promoted complete epithelial repair and minimized inflammation in skin tissue. Additionally, clonidine stimulated HaCaT cell proliferation in vitro and enhanced cellular energy levels in the presence of AGEs. In conclusion, clonidine promoted vascular growth and wound healing by stimulating the expression of cytokines that are beneficial for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Chau-Loan Phan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; (T.-C.-L.P.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Yi-Syuan Chiang
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Jai Su
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan;
| | - Yao-Jen Liang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; (T.-C.-L.P.); (Y.-J.L.)
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
| | - Shiow-Jen Juang
- Department of Dermatology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City 710, Taiwan
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Zhang X, Zhao S, Huang Y, Ma M, Li B, Li C, Zhu X, Xu X, Chen H, Zhang Y, Zhou C, Zheng Z. Diabetes-Related Macrovascular Complications Are Associated With an Increased Risk of Diabetic Microvascular Complications: A Prospective Study of 1518 Patients With Type 1 Diabetes and 20 802 Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in the UK Biobank. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032626. [PMID: 38818935 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic vascular complications share common pathophysiological mechanisms, but the relationship between diabetes-related macrovascular complications (MacroVCs) and incident diabetic microvascular complications remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the impact of MacroVCs on the risk of microvascular complications. METHODS AND RESULTS There were 1518 participants with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and 20 802 participants with type 2 diabetes from the UK Biobank included in this longitudinal cohort study. MacroVCs were defined by the presence of macrovascular diseases diagnosed after diabetes at recruitment, including coronary heart disease, peripheral artery disease, stroke, and ≥2 MacroVCs. The primary outcome was incident microvascular complications, a composite of diabetic retinopathy, diabetic kidney disease, and diabetic neuropathy. During a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 11.61 (5.84-13.12) years and 12.2 (9.50-13.18) years, 596 (39.3%) and 4113 (19.8%) participants developed a primary outcome in T1D and type 2 diabetes, respectively. After full adjustment for conventional risk factors, Cox regression models showed significant associations between individual as well as cumulative MacroVCs and the primary outcome, except for coronary heart disease in T1D (T1D: diabetes coronary heart disease: 1.25 [0.98-1.60]; diabetes peripheral artery disease: 3.00 [1.86-4.84]; diabetes stroke: 1.71 [1.08-2.72]; ≥2: 2.57 [1.66-3.99]; type 2 diabetes: diabetes coronary heart disease: 1.59 [1.38-1.82]; diabetes peripheral artery disease: 1.60 [1.01-2.54]; diabetes stroke: 1.50 [1.13-1.99]; ≥2: 2.66 [1.92-3.68]). Subgroup analysis showed that strict glycemic (glycated hemoglobin <6.5%) and blood pressure (<140/90 mm Hg) control attenuated the association. CONCLUSIONS Individual and cumulative MacroVCs confer significant risk of incident microvascular complications in patients with T1D and type 2 diabetes. Our results may facilitate cost-effective high-risk population identification and development of precise prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Shuzhi Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Yikeng Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Haibin Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Shanghai 10th People's Hospital Tongji University Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Yili Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Chuandi Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Ningde Municipal Hospital Ningde Normal University Ningde People's Republic of China
- Fujian Medical University Fuzhou Fujian People's Republic of China
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Lu Y, Liu R, Kang X, Zhang S, Sun Y, Fan W, Cheng H, Liu Y, Lin J. Menstrual Blood-Derived Endometrial Stem Cell Transplantation Improves Male Reproductive Dysfunction in T1D Mice by Enhancing Antioxidative Capacity. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:1719-1731. [PMID: 38396297 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01498-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes is known to negatively affect male reproduction. Recent clinical results have confirmed that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies are safe and effective for the treatment of diabetes. However, the effect and potential mechanism through which MSC transplantation improves diabetes-derived male reproductive dysfunction are still unknown. In the present study, we first established a male T1D mouse model through intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin for five consecutive days. Subsequently, we evaluated the blood glucose levels, fertility, and histology and immunology of the pancreas, testes, and penis of T1D mice with or without transplantation of menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells (MenSCs) or umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs). Glucose was added to the medium in which the Leydig cells were cultured to imitate high glucose-injured cell viability. Subsequently, we evaluated the cellular viability, ROS levels, and mitochondrial membrane potential of Leydig cells treated with or without MenSC-conditioned medium (MenSC-CM) using a CCK8 assay, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. The targeted proteins are involved in the potential mechanism underlying MenSC-derived improvements, which was further validated via Western blotting. Collectively, our results indicated that MenSC transplantation significantly ameliorated reproductive dysfunction in male T1D mice by enhancing cellular antioxidative capacity and promoting angiogenesis. This study provides solid evidence and support for the application of MSCs to improve diabetes-induced male reproductive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Lu
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, East of Jinsui Road, Xinxiang Medical University, No 601, Xinxiang City, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Ruihong Liu
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, East of Jinsui Road, Xinxiang Medical University, No 601, Xinxiang City, 453003, Henan Province, China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Xingpeng Kang
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, East of Jinsui Road, Xinxiang Medical University, No 601, Xinxiang City, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Shenghui Zhang
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, East of Jinsui Road, Xinxiang Medical University, No 601, Xinxiang City, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Yuliang Sun
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, East of Jinsui Road, Xinxiang Medical University, No 601, Xinxiang City, 453003, Henan Province, China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Wenqiang Fan
- Department of Rheumatology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang, 453000, China
| | - Hongbin Cheng
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, East of Jinsui Road, Xinxiang Medical University, No 601, Xinxiang City, 453003, Henan Province, China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- The Third Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, East of Jinsui Road, Xinxiang Medical University, No 601, Xinxiang City, 453003, Henan Province, China.
| | - Juntang Lin
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, East of Jinsui Road, Xinxiang Medical University, No 601, Xinxiang City, 453003, Henan Province, China
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
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Zhang T, Yi Q, Huang W, Feng J, Liu H. New insights into the roles of Irisin in diabetic cardiomyopathy and vascular diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116631. [PMID: 38663105 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prevalent chronic disease in the 21st century due to increased lifespan and unhealthy lifestyle choices. Extensive research indicates that exercise can play a significant role in regulating systemic metabolism by improving energy metabolism and mitigating various metabolic disorders, including DM. Irisin, a well-known exerkine, was initially reported to enhance energy expenditure by indicating the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) signaling. In this review, we summarize the potential mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of Irisin on glucose dysmetabolism, including reducing gluconeogenesis, enhancing insulin energy expenditure, and promoting glycogenesis. Additionally, we highlight Irisin's potential to improve diabetic vascular diseases by stimulating nitric oxide (NO) production, reducing oxidative and nitrosative stress, curbing inflammation, and attenuating endothelial cell aging. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of Irisin to improve diabetic cardiomyopathy by preventing cardiomyocyte loss and reducing myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. Given Irisin's promising functions in managing diabetic cardiomyopathy and vascular diseases, targeting Irisin for therapeutic purposes could be a fruitful avenue for future research and clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiandong Zhang
- Collage of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Qian Yi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Wenhua Huang
- Collage of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China.
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; The Third People's Hospital of Longmatan District, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
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22
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Shyu KG, Wang BW, Pan CM, Fang WJ, Lin CM. Exosomal MALAT1 from macrophages treated with high levels of glucose upregulates LC3B expression via miR-204-5p downregulation. J Chin Med Assoc 2024; 87:581-589. [PMID: 38651895 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000001098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 ( MALAT1 ) plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of diabetes-related complications. However, whether macrophage-derived MALAT1 affects autophagic activity under hyperglycemic conditions is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the molecular regulatory mechanisms of macrophage-derived MALAT1 and autophagy under hyperglycemic conditions. METHODS Hyperglycemia was induced by culturing macrophages in 25 mM glucose for 1 hour. Exosomes were extracted from the culture media. A rat model of carotid artery balloon injury was established to assess the effect of MALAT1 on vascular injury. Reverse transcription, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, immunohistochemical staining, and luciferase activity assays were performed. RESULTS Stimulation with high levels of glucose significantly enhanced MALAT1 expression in macrophage-derived exosomes. MALAT1 inhibited miR-204-5p expression in macrophage-derived exosomes under hyperglycemic conditions. siRNA-induced silencing of MALAT1 significantly reversed macrophage-derived exosome-induced miR-204-5p expression. Hyperglycemic treatment caused a significant, exosome-induced increase in the expression of the autophagy marker LC3B in macrophages. Silencing MALAT1 and overexpression of miR-204-5p significantly decreased LC3B expression induced by macrophage-derived exosomes. Overexpression of miR-204-5p significantly reduced LC3B luciferase activity induced by macrophage-derived exosomes. Balloon injury to the carotid artery in rats significantly enhanced MALAT1 and LC3B expression, and significantly reduced miR-204-5p expression in carotid artery tissue. Silencing MALAT1 significantly reversed miR-204-5p expression in carotid artery tissue after balloon injury. MALAT1 silencing or miR-204-5p overexpression significantly reduced LC3B expression after balloon injury. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that hyperglycemia upregulates MALAT1 . MALAT1 suppresses miR-204-5p expression and counteracts the inhibitory effect of miR-204-5p on LC3B expression in macrophages to promote vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kou-Gi Shyu
- Division of Cardiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Bao-Wei Wang
- Department of Research, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Ming Pan
- Department of Research, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Jen Fang
- Department of Research, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chiu-Mei Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
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Zygmunciak P, Stróżna K, Błażowska O, Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska B. Extracellular Vesicles in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy-State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6117. [PMID: 38892303 PMCID: PMC11172920 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications are the most deadly and cost-driving effects of diabetes mellitus (DM). One of them, which is steadily attracting attention among scientists, is diabetes-induced heart failure, also known as diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Despite significant progress in the research concerning the disease, a universally accepted definition is still lacking. The pathophysiology of the processes accelerating heart insufficiency in diabetic patients on molecular and cellular levels also remains elusive. However, the recent interest concerning extracellular vesicles (EVs) has brought promise to further clarifying the pathological events that lead to DCM. In this review, we sum up recent investigations on the involvement of EVs in DCM and show their therapeutic and indicatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katarzyna Stróżna
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (P.Z.)
| | - Olga Błażowska
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (P.Z.)
| | - Beata Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka St. 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
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24
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Zhang Y, Hei F, Xiao Y, Liu Y, Han J, Hu D, Wang H. Acidic fibroblast growth factor inhibits reactive oxygen species-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation in vascular endothelial cells via the miR-155-5p/SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to promote wound healing in diabetic mice. BURNS & TRAUMA 2024; 12:tkae010. [PMID: 38803612 PMCID: PMC11129767 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkae010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Background Diabetic chronic wounds are among the most common and serious complications of diabetes and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a specific pathological state in which endothelial cells are transformed into mesenchymal cells in response to various stimuli, such as high glucose levels and high oxidative stress. Acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF), which is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family, possesses strong antioxidant properties and can promote the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into angiogenic cells. Therefore, we investigated the role of aFGF in EndMT in diabetic wounds and analysed the underlying mechanisms. Methods A diabetic mouse model was used to verify the effect of aFGF on wound healing, and the effect of aFGF on vascular endothelial cells in a high-glucose environment was examined in vitro. We examined the expression of miR-155-5p in a high-glucose environment and the miR-155 downstream target gene SIRT1 by luciferase reporter assays. Results aFGF promoted wound closure and neovascularization in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. In vitro, aFGF inhibited the production of total and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vascular endothelial cells and alleviated epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation in a high-glucose environment. Mechanistically, aFGF promoted the expression of SIRT1 and the downstream targets Nrf2 and HO-1 by negatively regulating miR-155-5p, thereby reducing ROS generation. Conclusions In conclusion, our results suggest that aFGF inhibits ROS-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation in diabetic vascular endothelial cells via the miR-155-5p/SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 axis, thereby promoting wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Fenghui Hei
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yujie Xiao
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Juntao Han
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
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Nair L, Asuzu P, Dagogo-Jack S. Ethnic Disparities in the Risk Factors, Morbidity, and Mortality of Cardiovascular Disease in People With Diabetes. J Endocr Soc 2024; 8:bvae116. [PMID: 38911352 PMCID: PMC11192623 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvae116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in people with diabetes. Compared with European Americans, African Americans have more favorable lipid profiles, as indicated by higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lower triglycerides, and less dense low-density lipoprotein particles. The less atherogenic lipid profile translates to lower incidence and prevalence of CVD in African Americans with diabetes, despite higher rates of hypertension and obesity. However, African Americans with CVD experience worse clinical outcomes, including higher mortality, compared with European Americans. This mini-review summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, mechanisms, and management of CVD in people with diabetes, focusing on possible factors underlying the "African American CVD paradox" (lower CVD incidence/prevalence but worse outcomes). Although the reasons for the disparities in CVD outcomes remain to be fully elucidated, we present a critical appraisal of the roles of suboptimal control of risk factors, inequities in care delivery, several biological factors, and psychosocial stress. We identify gaps in current knowledge and propose areas for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekshmi Nair
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Peace Asuzu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Sam Dagogo-Jack
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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Bhattacharya S, Gupta N, Flekalová A, Gordillo-Alarcón S, Espinel-Jara V, Fernández-Cusimamani E. Exploring Folklore Ecuadorian Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Components Focusing on Antidiabetic Potential: An Overview. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1436. [PMID: 38891245 PMCID: PMC11174784 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health concern characterized by a deficiency in insulin production. Considering the systemic toxicity and limited efficacy associated with current antidiabetic medications, there is the utmost need for natural, plant-based alternatives. Herbal medicines have experienced exponential growth in popularity globally in recent years for their natural origins and minimal side effects. Ecuador has a rich cultural history in ethnobotany that plays a crucial role in its people's lives. This study identifies 27 Ecuadorian medicinal plants that are traditionally used for diabetes treatment and are prepared through infusion, decoction, or juice, or are ingested in their raw forms. Among them, 22 plants have demonstrated hypoglycemic or anti-hyperglycemic properties that are rich with bioactive phytochemicals, which was confirmed in several in vitro and in vivo studies. However, Bryophyllum gastonis-bonnieri, Costus villosissimus, Juglans neotropica, Pithecellobium excelsum, and Myroxylon peruiferum, which were extensively used in traditional medicine preparation in Ecuador for many decades to treat diabetes, are lacking in pharmacological elucidation. The Ecuadorian medicinal plants used to treat diabetes have been found to have several bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, phenolics, fatty acids, aldehydes, and terpenoids that are mainly responsible for reducing blood sugar levels and oxidative stress, regulating intestinal function, improving insulin resistance, inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase, lowering gluconeogenic enzymes, stimulating glucose uptake mechanisms, and playing an important role in glucose and lipid metabolism. However, there is a substantial lack of integrated approaches between the existing ethnomedicinal practices and pharmacological research. Therefore, this review aims to discuss and explore the traditional medicinal plants used in Ecuador for treating DM and their bioactive phytochemicals, which are mainly responsible for their antidiabetic properties. We believe that the use of Ecuadorian herbal medicine in a scientifically sound way can substantially benefit the local economy and industries seeking natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soham Bhattacharya
- Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, 16500 Suchdol, Czech Republic;
| | - Neha Gupta
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, 16500 Suchdol, Czech Republic; (N.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Adéla Flekalová
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, 16500 Suchdol, Czech Republic; (N.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Salomé Gordillo-Alarcón
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Avda. 17 de Julio 5-21, Ibarra 100105, Ecuador;
| | - Viviana Espinel-Jara
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Avda. 17 de Julio 5-21, Ibarra 100105, Ecuador;
| | - Eloy Fernández-Cusimamani
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, 16500 Suchdol, Czech Republic; (N.G.); (A.F.)
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Anlar GG, Anwardeen N, Al Ashmar S, Pedersen S, Elrayess MA, Zeidan A. Metabolomics Profiling of Stages of Coronary Artery Disease Progression. Metabolites 2024; 14:292. [PMID: 38921428 PMCID: PMC11205943 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14060292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) and atherosclerosis pose significant global health challenges, with intricate molecular changes influencing disease progression. Hypercholesterolemia (HC), hypertension (HT), and diabetes are key contributors to CAD development. Metabolomics, with its comprehensive analysis of metabolites, offers a unique perspective on cardiovascular diseases. This study leveraged metabolomics profiling to investigate the progression of CAD, focusing on the interplay of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and diabetes. We performed a metabolomic analysis on 221 participants from four different groups: (I) healthy individuals, (II) individuals with hypercholesterolemia (HC), (III) individuals with both HC and hypertension (HT) or diabetes, and (IV) patients with self-reported coronary artery disease (CAD). Utilizing data from the Qatar Biobank, we combined clinical information, metabolomic profiling, and statistical analyses to identify key metabolites associated with CAD risk. Our data identified distinct metabolite profiles across the study groups, indicating changes in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism linked to CAD risk. Specifically, levels of mannitol/sorbitol, mannose, glucose, and ribitol increased, while pregnenediol sulfate, oleoylcarnitine, and quinolinate decreased with higher CAD risk. These findings suggest a significant role of sugar, steroid, and fatty acid metabolism in CAD progression and point to the need for further research on the correlation between quinolinate levels and CAD risk, potentially guiding targeted treatments for atherosclerosis. This study provides novel insights into the metabolomic changes associated with CAD progression, emphasizing the potential of metabolites as predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsen Guliz Anlar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (G.G.A.); (S.A.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Najeha Anwardeen
- Biomedical Research Center (BRC), QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (N.A.); (M.A.E.)
| | - Sarah Al Ashmar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (G.G.A.); (S.A.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Shona Pedersen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (G.G.A.); (S.A.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Mohamed A. Elrayess
- Biomedical Research Center (BRC), QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (N.A.); (M.A.E.)
| | - Asad Zeidan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (G.G.A.); (S.A.A.); (S.P.)
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Juin SK, Pushpakumar S, Sen U. Nimbidiol protects from renal injury by alleviating redox imbalance in diabetic mice. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1369408. [PMID: 38835661 PMCID: PMC11148448 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1369408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Moreover, adverse extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation elevates renal resistive index leading to progressive worsening of the pathology in DN. Nimbidiol is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, isolated from the medicinal plant, 'neem' (Azadirachta indica) and reported as a promising anti-diabetic compound. Previously, a myriad of studies demonstrated an anti-oxidative property of a broad-spectrum neem-extracts in various diseases including diabetes. Our recent study has shown that Nimbidiol protects diabetic mice from fibrotic renal dysfunction in part by mitigating adverse ECM accumulation. However, the precise mechanism remains poorly understood. Methods The present study aimed to investigate whether Nimbidiol ameliorates renal injury by reducing oxidative stress in type-1 diabetes. To test the hypothesis, wild-type (C57BL/6J) and diabetic Akita (C57BL/6-Ins2Akita/J) mice aged 10-14 weeks were used to treat with saline or Nimbidiol (400 μg kg-1 day-1) for 8 weeks. Results Diabetic mice showed elevated blood pressure, increased renal resistive index, and decreased renal vasculature compared to wild-type control. In diabetic kidney, reactive oxygen species and the expression levels of 4HNE, p22phox, Nox4, and ROMO1 were increased while GSH: GSSG, and the expression levels of SOD-1, SOD-2, and catalase were decreased. Further, eNOS, ACE2, Sirt1 and IL-10 were found to be downregulated while iNOS and IL-17 were upregulated in diabetic kidney. The changes were accompanied by elevated expression of the renal injury markers viz., lipocalin-2 and KIM-1 in diabetic kidney. Moreover, an upregulation of p-NF-κB and a downregulation of IkBα were observed in diabetic kidney compared to the control. Nimbidiol ameliorated these pathological changes in diabetic mice. Conclusion Altogether, the data of our study suggest that oxidative stress largely contributes to the diabetic renal injury, and Nimbidiol mitigates redox imbalance and thereby protects kidney in part by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway in type-1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subir Kumar Juin
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Sathnur Pushpakumar
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Utpal Sen
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
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Nica AE, Rusu E, Dobjanschi C, Rusu F, Sivu C, Parlițeanu OA, Radulian G. The Relationship between the Ewing Test, Sudoscan Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy Score and Cardiovascular Risk Score Calculated with SCORE2-Diabetes. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:828. [PMID: 38793011 PMCID: PMC11122986 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60050828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) strongly linked to a nearly five-fold higher risk of cardiovascular mortality. Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are a significant cohort in which these assessments have particular relevance to the increased cardiovascular risk inherent in the condition. Materials and Methods: This study aimed to explore the subtle correlation between the Ewing test, Sudoscan-cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy score, and cardiovascular risk calculated using SCORE 2 Diabetes in individuals with T2DM. The methodology involved detailed assessments including Sudoscan tests to evaluate sudomotor function and various cardiovascular reflex tests (CART). The cohort consisted of 211 patients diagnosed with T2DM with overweight or obesity without established ASCVD, aged between 40 to 69 years. Results: The prevalence of CAN in our group was 67.2%. In the study group, according SCORE2-Diabetes, four patients (1.9%) were classified with moderate cardiovascular risk, thirty-five (16.6%) with high risk, and one hundred seventy-two (81.5%) with very high cardiovascular risk. Conclusions: On multiple linear regression, the SCORE2-Diabetes algorithm remained significantly associated with Sudoscan CAN-score and Sudoscan Nephro-score and Ewing test score. Testing for the diagnosis of CAN in very high-risk patients should be performed because approximately 70% of them associate CAN. Increased cardiovascular risk is associated with sudomotor damage and that Sudoscan is an effective and non-invasive measure of identifying such risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andra-Elena Nica
- Diabetes Department, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-E.N.); (C.D.); (C.S.); (G.R.)
- “Nicolae Malaxa” Clinica Hospital, 022441 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Emilia Rusu
- Diabetes Department, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-E.N.); (C.D.); (C.S.); (G.R.)
- “Nicolae Malaxa” Clinica Hospital, 022441 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Dobjanschi
- Diabetes Department, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-E.N.); (C.D.); (C.S.); (G.R.)
- “Nicolae Malaxa” Clinica Hospital, 022441 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florin Rusu
- “Doctor Carol Davila” Central Military University Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Claudia Sivu
- Diabetes Department, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-E.N.); (C.D.); (C.S.); (G.R.)
| | | | - Gabriela Radulian
- Diabetes Department, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-E.N.); (C.D.); (C.S.); (G.R.)
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30
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Yorek M. Combination therapy is it in the future for successfully treating peripheral diabetic neuropathy? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1357859. [PMID: 38812811 PMCID: PMC11133577 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1357859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2022, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention reported that 11.3% of the United States population, 37.3 million people, had diabetes and 38% of the population had prediabetes. A large American study conducted in 2021 and supported by many other studies, concluded that about 47% of diabetes patients have peripheral neuropathy and that diabetic neuropathy was present in 7.5% of patients at the time of diabetes diagnosis. In subjects deemed to be pre-diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance there was a wide range of prevalence estimates (interquartile range (IQR): 6%-34%), but most studies (72%) reported a prevalence of peripheral neuropathy ≥10%. There is no recognized treatment for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) other than good blood glucose control. Good glycemic control slows progression of DPN in patients with type 1 diabetes but for patients with type 2 diabetes it is less effective. With obesity and type 2 diabetes at epidemic levels the need of a treatment for DPN could not be more important. In this article I will first present background information on the "primary" mechanisms shown from pre-clinical studies to contribute to DPN and then discuss mono- and combination therapies that have demonstrated efficacy in animal studies and may have success when translated to human subjects. I like to compare the challenge of finding an effective treatment for DPN to the ongoing work being done to treat hypertension. Combination therapy is the recognized approach used to normalize blood pressure often requiring two, three or more drugs in addition to lifestyle modification to achieve the desired outcome. Hypertension, like DPN, is a progressive disease caused by multiple mechanisms. Therefore, it seems likely as well as logical that combination therapy combined with lifestyle adjustments will be required to successfully treat DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Yorek
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Veterans Affairs Iowa City Health Care System, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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31
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Zhang C, Shi Y, Liu C, Sudesh SM, Hu Z, Li P, Liu Q, Ma Y, Shi A, Cai H. Therapeutic strategies targeting mechanisms of macrophages in diabetic heart disease. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:169. [PMID: 38750502 PMCID: PMC11097480 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02273-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic heart disease (DHD) is a serious complication in patients with diabetes. Despite numerous studies on the pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic targets of DHD, effective means of prevention and treatment are still lacking. The pathogenic mechanisms of DHD include cardiac inflammation, insulin resistance, myocardial fibrosis, and oxidative stress. Macrophages, the primary cells of the human innate immune system, contribute significantly to these pathological processes, playing an important role in human disease and health. Therefore, drugs targeting macrophages hold great promise for the treatment of DHD. In this review, we examine how macrophages contribute to the development of DHD and which drugs could potentially be used to target macrophages in the treatment of DHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyue Zhang
- Cardiovascular Clinical Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yunke Shi
- Cardiovascular Clinical Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Changzhi Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shivon Mirza Sudesh
- Faculty of Medicine, St. George University of London, London, UK
- University of Nicosia Medical School, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Zhao Hu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Pengyang Li
- Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Qi Liu
- Wafic Said Molecular Cardiology Research Laboratory, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yiming Ma
- Cardiovascular Clinical Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ao Shi
- Faculty of Medicine, St. George University of London, London, UK.
- University of Nicosia Medical School, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - Hongyan Cai
- Cardiovascular Clinical Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
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Dai Y, Guo Y, Tang W, Chen D, Xue L, Chen Y, Guo Y, Wei S, Wu M, Dai J, Wang S. Reactive oxygen species-scavenging nanomaterials for the prevention and treatment of age-related diseases. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:252. [PMID: 38750509 PMCID: PMC11097501 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02501-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
With increasing proportion of the elderly in the population, age-related diseases (ARD) lead to a considerable healthcare burden to society. Prevention and treatment of ARD can decrease the negative impact of aging and the burden of disease. The aging rate is closely associated with the production of high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS-mediated oxidative stress in aging triggers aging-related changes through lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and DNA oxidation. Antioxidants can control autoxidation by scavenging free radicals or inhibiting their formation, thereby reducing oxidative stress. Benefiting from significant advances in nanotechnology, a large number of nanomaterials with ROS-scavenging capabilities have been developed. ROS-scavenging nanomaterials can be divided into two categories: nanomaterials as carriers for delivering ROS-scavenging drugs, and nanomaterials themselves with ROS-scavenging activity. This study summarizes the current advances in ROS-scavenging nanomaterials for prevention and treatment of ARD, highlights the potential mechanisms of the nanomaterials used and discusses the challenges and prospects for their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yifan Guo
- Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, China
| | - Weicheng Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Liru Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yican Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Simin Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Jun Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Shixuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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Swiatkiewicz I, Patel NT, Villarreal-Gonzalez M, Taub PR. Prevalence of diabetic cardiomyopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes in a large academic medical center. BMC Med 2024; 22:195. [PMID: 38745169 PMCID: PMC11095003 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03401-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DbCM) is characterized by asymptomatic stage B heart failure (SBHF) caused by diabetes-related metabolic alterations. DbCM is associated with an increased risk of progression to overt heart failure (HF). The prevalence of DbCM in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is not well established. This study aims to determine prevalence of DbCM in adult T2D patients in real-world clinical practice. METHODS Retrospective multi-step review of electronic medical records of patients with the diagnosis of T2D who had echocardiogram at UC San Diego Medical Center (UCSD) within 2010-2019 was conducted to identify T2D patients with SBHF. We defined "pure" DbCM when SBHF is associated solely with T2D and "mixed" SBHF when other medical conditions can contribute to SBHF. "Pure" DbCM was diagnosed in T2D patients with echocardiographic demonstration of SBHF defined as left atrial (LA) enlargement (LAE), as evidenced by LA volume index ≥ 34 mL/m2, in the presence of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 45%, while excluding overt HF and comorbidities that can contribute to SBHF. RESULTS Of 778,314 UCSD patients in 2010-2019, 45,600 (5.9%) had T2D diagnosis. In this group, 15,182 T2D patients (33.3%) had echocardiogram and, among them, 13,680 (90.1%) had LVEF ≥ 45%. Out of 13,680 patients, 4,790 patients had LAE. Of them, 1,070 patients were excluded due to incomplete data and/or a lack of confirmed T2D according to the American Diabetes Association recommendations. Thus, 3,720 T2D patients with LVEF ≥ 45% and LAE were identified, regardless of HF symptoms. In this group, 1,604 patients (43.1%) had overt HF and were excluded. Thus, 2,116 T2D patients (56.9% of T2D patients with LVEF ≥ 45% and LAE) with asymptomatic SBHF were identified. Out of them, 1,773 patients (83.8%) were diagnosed with "mixed" SBHF due to comorbidities such as hypertension (58%), coronary artery disease (36%), and valvular heart disease (17%). Finally, 343 patients met the diagnostic criteria of "pure" DbCM, which represents 16.2% of T2D patients with SBHF, i.e., at least 2.9% of the entire T2D population in this study. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide insights into prevalence of DbCM in real-world clinical practice and indicate that DbCM affects a significant portion of T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Swiatkiewicz
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - Neeja T Patel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | | | - Pam R Taub
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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Sabadell-Basallote J, Astiarraga B, Castaño C, Ejarque M, Repollés-de-Dalmau M, Quesada I, Blanco J, Nuñez-Roa C, Rodríguez-Peña MM, Martínez L, De Jesus DF, Marroqui L, Bosch R, Montanya E, Sureda FX, Tura A, Mari A, Kulkarni RN, Vendrell J, Fernández-Veledo S. SUCNR1 regulates insulin secretion and glucose elevates the succinate response in people with prediabetes. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e173214. [PMID: 38713514 PMCID: PMC11178533 DOI: 10.1172/jci173214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction is a key feature of type 2 diabetes, and novel regulators of insulin secretion are desirable. Here we report that the succinate receptor (SUCNR1) is expressed in β-cells and is up-regulated in hyperglycemic states in mice and humans. We found that succinate acts as a hormone-like metabolite and stimulates insulin secretion via a SUCNR1-Gq-PKC-dependent mechanism in human β-cells. Mice with β-cell-specific Sucnr1 deficiency exhibit impaired glucose tolerance and insulin secretion on a high-fat diet, indicating that SUCNR1 is essential for preserving insulin secretion in diet-induced insulin resistance. Patients with impaired glucose tolerance show an enhanced nutritional-related succinate response, which correlates with the potentiation of insulin secretion during intravenous glucose administration. These data demonstrate that the succinate/SUCNR1 axis is activated by high glucose and identify a GPCR-mediated amplifying pathway for insulin secretion relevant to the hyperinsulinemia of prediabetic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Sabadell-Basallote
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Insitut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Brenno Astiarraga
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Insitut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carlos Castaño
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Miriam Ejarque
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Insitut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Maria Repollés-de-Dalmau
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Insitut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ivan Quesada
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ELCHE, Spain
| | - Jordi Blanco
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Catalina Nuñez-Roa
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - M-Mar Rodríguez-Peña
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Laia Martínez
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Dario F De Jesus
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, United States of America
| | - Laura Marroqui
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ELCHE, Spain
| | - Ramon Bosch
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Insitut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eduard Montanya
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ELCHE, Spain
| | - Francesc X Sureda
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, United States of America
| | - Andrea Tura
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Mari
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
| | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, United States of America
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
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Wang ZN, Ma JC, Xi MF, Yin D, Jiang LF, Qi J. Effects of Nanoparticle-Mediated Dihydromyricetin to Diabetic Wounds: An In Vivo Study. J Burn Care Res 2024; 45:644-654. [PMID: 38236154 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irae003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic wound is one of the serious complications of diabetes, and the wound is persistent and easily recurring, which seriously endangers the health and life of patients. How to effectively promote the healing of diabetic wounds has been a hot spot and difficult area of clinical research. Some previous studies have shown that dihydromyricetin has the effects of regulating blood glucose, controlling the severity, and inhibiting scarring. In the present study, we used polylactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles as a carrier to load dihydromyricetin to make drug-loaded nanoparticles and applied them dropwise (200 µL) to diabetic mice wounds by topical application to observe the healing and scar formation of diabetic wounds. We found that the healing rate of the diabetic mice was faster and the scar formation was less obvious. In addition, the elevated blood glucose level and weight loss of the mice in the treatment group were also reduced. Therefore, nanoparticle-mediated dihydromyricetin may be an effective treatment for diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Nan Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
- Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group Suqian Hospital, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Jiu-Cheng Ma
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
- Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Fan Xi
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
- Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
| | - Dong Yin
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
- Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
| | - Li-Fan Jiang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
- Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Qi
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
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Zhang X, Leng S, Liu X, Hu X, Liu Y, Li X, Feng Q, Guo W, Li N, Sheng Z, Wang S, Peng J. Ion channel Piezo1 activation aggravates the endothelial dysfunction under a high glucose environment. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:150. [PMID: 38702777 PMCID: PMC11067304 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02238-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vasculopathy is the most common complication of diabetes. Endothelial cells located in the innermost layer of blood vessels are constantly affected by blood flow or vascular components; thus, their mechanosensitivity plays an important role in mediating vascular regulation. Endothelial damage, one of the main causes of hyperglycemic vascular complications, has been extensively studied. However, the role of mechanosensitive signaling in hyperglycemic endothelial damage remains unclear. METHODS Vascular endothelial-specific Piezo1 knockout mice were generated to investigate the effects of Piezo1 on Streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia and vascular endothelial injury. In vitro activation or knockdown of Piezo1 was performed to evaluate the effects on the proliferation, migration, and tubular function of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in high glucose. Reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial membrane potential alternations, and oxidative stress-related products were used to assess the extent of oxidative stress damage caused by Piezo1 activation. RESULTS Our study found that in VECreERT2;Piezo1flox/flox mice with Piezo1 conditional knockout in vascular endothelial cells, Piezo1 deficiency alleviated streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia with reduced apoptosis and abscission of thoracic aortic endothelial cells, and decreased the inflammatory response of aortic tissue caused by high glucose. Moreover, the knockout of Piezo1 showed a thinner thoracic aortic wall, reduced tunica media damage, and increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in transgenic mice, indicating the relief of endothelial damage caused by hyperglycemia. We also showed that Piezo1 activation aggravated oxidative stress injury and resulted in severe dysfunction through the Ca2+-induced CaMKII-Nrf2 axis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In Piezo1 conditional knockout mice, Piezo1 deficiency partially restored superoxide dismutase activity and reduced malondialdehyde content in the thoracic aorta. Mechanistically, Piezo1 deficiency decreased CaMKII phosphorylation and restored the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream molecules HO-1 and NQO1. CONCLUSION In summary, our study revealed that Piezo1 is involved in high glucose-induced oxidative stress injury and aggravated endothelial dysfunction, which have great significance for alleviating endothelial damage caused by hyperglycemia.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Humans
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Mice, Knockout
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Oxidative Stress
- Ion Channels/metabolism
- Ion Channels/genetics
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- Mechanotransduction, Cellular
- NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism
- NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics
- NF-E2-Related Factor 2/deficiency
- Cells, Cultured
- Cell Proliferation
- Apoptosis
- Male
- Diabetic Angiopathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Angiopathies/physiopathology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/pathology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/genetics
- Diabetic Angiopathies/etiology
- Cell Movement
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/pathology
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Mice
- Streptozocin
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2/metabolism
- Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaoqiu Leng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qi Feng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Nailin Li
- Department of Medicine-Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zi Sheng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuwen Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; the Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Fang X, Zhang Y, Wu H, Wang H, Miao R, Wei J, Zhang Y, Tian J, Tong X. Mitochondrial regulation of diabetic endothelial dysfunction: Pathophysiological links. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 170:106569. [PMID: 38556159 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Micro- and macrovascular complications frequently occur in patients with diabetes, with endothelial dysfunction playing a key role in the development and progression of the complications. For the early diagnosis and optimal treatment of vascular complications associated with diabetes, it is imperative to comprehend the cellular and molecular mechanisms governing the function of diabetic endothelial cells. Mitochondria function as crucial sensors of environmental and cellular stress regulating endothelial cell viability, structural integrity and function. Impaired mitochondrial quality control mechanisms and mitochondrial dysfunction are the main features of endothelial damage. Hence, targeted mitochondrial therapy is considered promising novel therapeutic options in vascular complications of diabetes. In this review, we focus on the mitochondrial functions in the vascular endothelial cells and the pathophysiological role of mitochondria in diabetic endothelial dysfunction, aiming to provide a reference for related drug development and clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Fang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yanjiao Zhang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Haoran Wu
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Han Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Runyu Miao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jiahua Wei
- Graduate College, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jiaxing Tian
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
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Jung YS, Kim YS, Kim KR. Association between multimorbidity and periodontal disease in Korean adults: A nationwide cross-sectional cohort study. Int J Dent Hyg 2024; 22:376-383. [PMID: 38265187 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the association between multimorbidity, which refers to the presence of two or more chronic diseases, and periodontal disease in Korean adults using national survey data. METHODS A total of 12,440 Korean adults aged ≥19 years were selected from the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). We investigated periodontal disease status based on various variables, including the gender, age, educational level, income level, smoking and alcohol drinking status, frequency of daily toothbrushing, and unmet dental treatment needs. Furthermore, periodontal status according to diagnosed chronic diseases, including hypertension, dyslipidaemia, stroke, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, and diabetes, was investigated, and the association between multimorbidity and periodontal disease was analysed through multiple logistic regression using SAS 9.4. RESULTS According to the general characteristics of the study participants, the prevalence of periodontal disease was higher in males, smokers, older age, and lower educational and income levels (p < 0.001). Moreover, as the frequency of daily toothbrushing increased, the distribution of periodontal disease decreased (p < 0.001). The prevalence of periodontal disease was higher in those with chronic diseases than in those without chronic diseases and was statistically significantly higher as the number of diagnosed chronic diseases increased (p < 0.001). Additionally, an increase in the number of chronic diseases was observed to increase the prevalence and risk of periodontal disease. CONCLUSION These results suggest that multimorbidity significantly affects the prevalence of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Sook Jung
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
| | - Young-Seok Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
| | - Ki-Rim Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
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Buscemi C, Randazzo C, Barile AM, Bo S, Ponzo V, Caldarella R, Malavazos AE, Caruso R, Colombrita P, Lombardo M, Buscemi S. Factors associated with body weight gain and insulin-resistance: a longitudinal study. Nutr Diabetes 2024; 14:21. [PMID: 38649714 PMCID: PMC11035547 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-024-00283-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is the result of energy intake (EI) chronically exceeding energy expenditure. However, the potential metabolic factors, including insulin resistance, remain unclear. This study longitudinally investigated factors associated with changes in body weight. SUBJECTS A cohort of 707 adults without diabetes were investigated at the 4-year follow-up visit. The habitual intake of energy and macronutrients during the past 12 months was assessed using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire for the local population. Homeostatic model assessment of β-cell function and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was used as a surrogate measure of insulin resistance. Additionally, PNPLA3 was genotyped. RESULTS Eighty-seven participants were weight gainers (G; cutoff value = 5 kg), and 620 were non-gainers (NG). Initial anthropometric (G vs. NG: age, 44 ± 13 vs 51 ± 13 years, P < 0.001; body mass index, 27.8 ± 6.5 vs 28.1 ± 5.1 kg/m2, P = ns; body weight, 76.7 ± 22.1 vs 74.2 ± 14.7 kg, P = ns; final body weight, 86.3 ± 23.7 vs 72.9 ± 14.2 kg, P < 0.001) and diet characteristics, as well as insulin concentrations and HOMA-IR values, were similar in both groups. Four years later, G showed significantly increased EI, insulin concentrations, and HOMA-IR values. G had a higher prevalence of the PNPLA3 CG and GG alleles than NG (P < 0.05). The presence of G was independently associated with age (OR = 1.031), EI change (OR = 2.257), and unfavorable alleles of PNPLA3 gene (OR = 1.700). Final body mass index, waist circumference, and EI were independently associated with final HOMA-IR (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS EI is associated with body weight gain, and genetic factors may influence the energy balance. Insulin resistance is a consequence of weight gain, suggesting a possible intracellular protective mechanism against substrate overflow. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN15840340.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Buscemi
- Unit of Internal Medicine, "V. Cervello Hospital", Palermo, Italy
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Cristiana Randazzo
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
- Unit of Clinical Nutrition, Obesity and Metabolic Diseases; AOU Policlinico "P. Giaccone", Palermo, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Barile
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Clinical Nutrition, Obesity and Metabolic Diseases; AOU Policlinico "P. Giaccone", Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Bo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Valentina Ponzo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Rosalia Caldarella
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Laboratory Medicine, AOU Policlinico "P. Giaccone", Palermo, Italy
| | - Alexis Elias Malavazos
- Endocrinology Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Cardiovascular Prevention Service, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Caruso
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Piero Colombrita
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Martina Lombardo
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Silvio Buscemi
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Clinical Nutrition, Obesity and Metabolic Diseases; AOU Policlinico "P. Giaccone", Palermo, Italy
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Ojo OA, Ogunlakin AD, Akintayo CO, Olukiran OS, Adetunji JB, Ajayi-Odoko OA, Ogwa TO, Molehin OR, Ojo OO, Mothana RA, Alanzi AR. Spilanthes filicaulis (Schumach. & Thonn.) C.D. Adams leaves protects against streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301992. [PMID: 38640098 PMCID: PMC11029641 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a complex type of diabetes. The underlying cause of diabetic nephropathy remains unclear and may be due to a variety of pathological conditions resulting in kidney failure. This study examines the protective effect of the methanolic extract of Spilanthes filicaulis leaves (MESFL) in fructose-fed streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy and the associated pathway. METHODS Twenty-five rats were equally divided randomly into five categories: Control (C), diabetic control, diabetic + metformin (100 mg/kg), diabetic + MESFL 150 mg/kg bw, and diabetic + MESFL 300 mg/kg bw. After 15 days, the rats were evaluated for fasting blood glucose (FBG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea, uric acid, serum creatinine, reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and lipid peroxidation (MDA). Gene expression levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), protein kinase A (PKA), cAMP response element-binding (CREB), cFOS and the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 were examined. RESULTS We observed that MESFL at 150 and 300 mg/kg bw significantly downregulated the protein expression of cAMP, PKA, CREB, and cFOS and upregulated the Bcl-2 gene, suggesting that the nephroprotective action of MESFL is due to the suppression of the cAMP/PKA/CREB/cFOS signaling pathway. In addition, MESFL increases SOD and CAT activities and GSH levels, reduces MDA levels, and reduces renal functional indices (ALP, urea, uric acid, and creatinine). CONCLUSION Therefore, our results indicate that MESFL alleviates the development of diabetic nephropathy via suppression of the cAMP/PKA/CREB/cFOS pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology, and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Department of Biochemistry, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Akingbolabo Daniel Ogunlakin
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology, and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Department of Biochemistry, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | - Theophilus Oghenenyoreme Ogwa
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology, and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Department of Biochemistry, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Ramzi A. Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi, Arabia
| | - Abdullah R. Alanzi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi, Arabia
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Petrica L, Gadalean F, Muntean DM, Jianu DC, Vlad D, Dumitrascu V, Bob F, Milas O, Suteanu-Simulescu A, Glavan M, Ursoniu S, Balint L, Mogos-Stefan M, Ienciu S, Cretu OM, Popescu R, Gluhovschi C, Iancu L, Vlad A. Mitochondrial DNA and Inflammation Are Associated with Cerebral Vessel Remodeling and Early Diabetic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Biomolecules 2024; 14:499. [PMID: 38672515 PMCID: PMC11048277 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cerebrovascular disease accounts for major neurologic disabilities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). A potential association of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and inflammation with cerebral vessel remodeling in patients with type 2 DM was evaluated. A cohort of 150 patients and 30 healthy controls were assessed concerning urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), synaptopodin, podocalyxin, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), N-acetyl-β-(D)-glucosaminidase (NAG), interleukins IL-17A, IL-18, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). MtDNA-CN and nuclear DNA (nDNA) were quantified in peripheral blood and urine by qRT-PCR. Cytochrome b (CYTB) gene, subunit 2 of NADH dehydrogenase (ND2), and beta 2 microglobulin nuclear gene (B2M) were assessed by TaqMan assays. mtDNA-CN was defined as the ratio of the number of mtDNA/nDNA copies, through analysis of the CYTB/B2M and ND2/B2M ratio; cerebral Doppler ultrasound: intima-media thickness (IMT)-the common carotid arteries (CCAs), the pulsatility index (PI) and resistivity index (RI)- the internal carotid arteries (ICAs) and middle cerebral arteries (MCAs), the breath-holding index (BHI). The results showed direct correlations of CCAs-IMT, PI-ICAs, PI-MCAs, RI-ICAs, RI-MCAs with urinary mtDNA, IL-17A, IL-18, TNFα, ICAM-1, UACR, synaptopodin, podocalyxin, KIM-1, NAG, and indirect correlations with serum mtDNA, IL-10. BHI correlated directly with serum IL-10, and serum mtDNA, and negatively with serum IL-17A, serum ICAM-1, and NAG. In neurologically asymptomatic patients with type 2 DM cerebrovascular remodeling and impaired cerebrovascular reactivity may be associated with mtDNA variations and inflammation from the early stages of diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia Petrica
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.P.); (F.B.); (O.M.); (A.S.-S.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (M.M.-S.); (S.I.); (C.G.); (L.I.)
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.M.); (D.C.J.); (D.V.); (V.D.); (S.U.); (R.P.); (A.V.)
- Centre for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology (Neuropsy-Cog), Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Florica Gadalean
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.P.); (F.B.); (O.M.); (A.S.-S.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (M.M.-S.); (S.I.); (C.G.); (L.I.)
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.M.); (D.C.J.); (D.V.); (V.D.); (S.U.); (R.P.); (A.V.)
- County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Danina Mirela Muntean
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.M.); (D.C.J.); (D.V.); (V.D.); (S.U.); (R.P.); (A.V.)
- Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Functional Sciences III, Division of Pathophysiology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dragos Catalin Jianu
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.M.); (D.C.J.); (D.V.); (V.D.); (S.U.); (R.P.); (A.V.)
- Centre for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology (Neuropsy-Cog), Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Neurosciences VIII, Division of Neurology I, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daliborca Vlad
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.M.); (D.C.J.); (D.V.); (V.D.); (S.U.); (R.P.); (A.V.)
- County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology IV, Division of Pharmacology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Victor Dumitrascu
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.M.); (D.C.J.); (D.V.); (V.D.); (S.U.); (R.P.); (A.V.)
- County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology IV, Division of Pharmacology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Flaviu Bob
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.P.); (F.B.); (O.M.); (A.S.-S.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (M.M.-S.); (S.I.); (C.G.); (L.I.)
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.M.); (D.C.J.); (D.V.); (V.D.); (S.U.); (R.P.); (A.V.)
- County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Oana Milas
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.P.); (F.B.); (O.M.); (A.S.-S.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (M.M.-S.); (S.I.); (C.G.); (L.I.)
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.M.); (D.C.J.); (D.V.); (V.D.); (S.U.); (R.P.); (A.V.)
- County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Anca Suteanu-Simulescu
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.P.); (F.B.); (O.M.); (A.S.-S.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (M.M.-S.); (S.I.); (C.G.); (L.I.)
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.M.); (D.C.J.); (D.V.); (V.D.); (S.U.); (R.P.); (A.V.)
- County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mihaela Glavan
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.P.); (F.B.); (O.M.); (A.S.-S.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (M.M.-S.); (S.I.); (C.G.); (L.I.)
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.M.); (D.C.J.); (D.V.); (V.D.); (S.U.); (R.P.); (A.V.)
- County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Sorin Ursoniu
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.M.); (D.C.J.); (D.V.); (V.D.); (S.U.); (R.P.); (A.V.)
- Centre for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology (Neuropsy-Cog), Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Functional Sciences III, Division of Public Health and History of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Lavinia Balint
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.P.); (F.B.); (O.M.); (A.S.-S.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (M.M.-S.); (S.I.); (C.G.); (L.I.)
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.M.); (D.C.J.); (D.V.); (V.D.); (S.U.); (R.P.); (A.V.)
- County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Maria Mogos-Stefan
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.P.); (F.B.); (O.M.); (A.S.-S.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (M.M.-S.); (S.I.); (C.G.); (L.I.)
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.M.); (D.C.J.); (D.V.); (V.D.); (S.U.); (R.P.); (A.V.)
- County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Silvia Ienciu
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.P.); (F.B.); (O.M.); (A.S.-S.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (M.M.-S.); (S.I.); (C.G.); (L.I.)
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.M.); (D.C.J.); (D.V.); (V.D.); (S.U.); (R.P.); (A.V.)
- County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Octavian Marius Cretu
- Department of Surgery I, Division of Surgical Semiology I, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Emergency Clinical Municipal Hospital Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Popescu
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.M.); (D.C.J.); (D.V.); (V.D.); (S.U.); (R.P.); (A.V.)
- County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Microscopic Morphology II, Division of Cell and Molecular Biology II, “Victor Babes”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Gluhovschi
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.P.); (F.B.); (O.M.); (A.S.-S.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (M.M.-S.); (S.I.); (C.G.); (L.I.)
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.M.); (D.C.J.); (D.V.); (V.D.); (S.U.); (R.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Lavinia Iancu
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.P.); (F.B.); (O.M.); (A.S.-S.); (M.G.); (L.B.); (M.M.-S.); (S.I.); (C.G.); (L.I.)
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.M.); (D.C.J.); (D.V.); (V.D.); (S.U.); (R.P.); (A.V.)
- County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adrian Vlad
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.M.M.); (D.C.J.); (D.V.); (V.D.); (S.U.); (R.P.); (A.V.)
- County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Diabetes, Nutrition, and Metabolic Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 2, Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Xiao M, Malmi MA, Schocken DD, Zgibor JC, Alman AC. Longitudinal blood glucose level and increased silent myocardial infarction: a pooled analysis of four cohort studies. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:130. [PMID: 38637769 PMCID: PMC11027351 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02212-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fasting glucose (FG) demonstrates dynamic fluctuations over time and is associated with cardiovascular outcomes, yet current research is limited by small sample sizes and relies solely on baseline glycemic levels. Our research aims to investigate the longitudinal association between FG and silent myocardial infarction (SMI) and also delves into the nuanced aspect of dose response in a large pooled dataset of four cohort studies. METHODS We analyzed data from 24,732 individuals from four prospective cohort studies who were free of myocardial infarction history at baseline. We calculated average FG and intra-individual FG variability (coefficient of variation), while SMI cases were identified using 12-lead ECG exams with the Minnesota codes and medical history. FG was measured for each subject during the study's follow-up period. We applied a Cox regression model with time-dependent variables to assess the association between FG and SMI with adjustment for age, gender, race, Study, smoking, longitudinal BMI, low-density lipoprotein level, blood pressure, and serum creatinine. RESULTS The average mean age of the study population was 60.5 (sd: 10.3) years with median fasting glucose of 97.3 mg/dL at baseline. During an average of 9 years of follow-up, 357 SMI events were observed (incidence rate, 1.3 per 1000 person-years). The association between FG and SMI was linear and each 25 mg/dL increment in FG was associated with a 15% increase in the risk of SMI. This association remained significant after adjusting for the use of lipid-lowering medication, antihypertensive medication, antidiabetic medication, and insulin treatment (HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.01-1.16). Higher average FG (HR per 25 mg/dL increase: 1.17, 95% CI 1.08-1.26) and variability of FG (HR per 1 sd increase: 1.23, 95% CI 1.12-1.34) over visits were also correlated with increased SMI risk. CONCLUSIONS Higher longitudinal FG and larger intra-individual variability in FG over time were associated in a dose-response manner with a higher SMI risk. These findings support the significance of routine cardiac screening for subjects with elevated FG, with and without diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianli Xiao
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Markku A Malmi
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Janice C Zgibor
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Amy C Alman
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
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Lee SH, Lee GW, Lee SJ, Kim SG. Association between the response of intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor injection and systemic factors of diabetic macular edema. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:166. [PMID: 38616277 PMCID: PMC11017644 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03432-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the effects of systemic factors in response to intravitreal injections in patients with macular edema due to non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients treated with intravitreal injections for macular edema secondary to NPDR between January 2018 and January 2021. The patients were divided into three groups according to the injection response. When patients with diabetic macular edema showed 20µ or more reduction in central retinal thickness compared to baseline, they were classified as responsive group, and if not, they were classified as refractory group. The responsive group was further divided into the complete and incomplete response groups. Patients with complete disappearance of edema at seven months were classified as the complete response group, whereas those in which edema did not disappear were classified as the incomplete response group. The clinical characteristics of each group, including medical history, ophthalmic examination results, and laboratory examination results at the time of diagnosis, were analyzed. RESULTS Of the 112 eyes (91 patients) that satisfied the inclusion criteria, 89 (77 patients) in the responsive group and 23 (14 patients) in the refractory group were included in the analysis. The responsive group was further divided into the complete (51 eyes) and incomplete (38 eyes) response groups. The refractory group had significantly higher glycated hemoglobin levels and significantly lower estimated glomerular filtration rates than the responsive group (p = 0.026 and p = 0.012, respectively). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, both factors were found to be significant in predicting the degree of response (all p < 0.05). No factor showed a significant difference between the incomplete and complete response groups(all p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In macular edema caused by NPDR, low glomerular filtration rates and high glycated hemoglobin levels may be used as predictors of poor response to intravitreal injection therapy. In addition to blood glucose control, education should be provided regarding the need for the continuous monitoring of renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hyung Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun Woo Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Gyu Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, #33 Duryugongwon-ro 17-gil, Nam-gu, 42472, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Dlamini M, Khathi A. Investigating the Effects of Diet-Induced Prediabetes on Skeletal Muscle Strength in Male Sprague Dawley Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4076. [PMID: 38612885 PMCID: PMC11012655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, a condition preceded by prediabetes, is documented to compromise skeletal muscle health, consequently affecting skeletal muscle structure, strength, and glucose homeostasis. A disturbance in skeletal muscle functional capacity has been demonstrated to induce insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. However, the modifications in skeletal muscle function in the prediabetic state are not well elucidated. Hence, this study investigated the effects of diet-induced prediabetes on skeletal muscle strength in a prediabetic model. Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of the two groups (n = 6 per group; six prediabetic (PD) and six non-pre-diabetic (NPD)). The PD group (n = 6) was induced with prediabetes for 20 weeks. The diet that was used to induce prediabetes consisted of fats (30% Kcal/g), proteins (15% Kcal/g), and carbohydrates (55% Kcal/g). In addition to the diet, the experimental animals (n = 6) were supplied with drinking water that was supplemented with 15% fructose. The control group (n = 6) was allowed access to normal rat chow, consisting of 35% carbohydrates, 30% protein, 15% fats, and 20% other components, as well as ordinary tap water. At the end of week 20, the experimental animals were diagnosed with prediabetes using the American Diabetes Association (ADA) prediabetes impaired fasting blood glucose criteria (5.6-6.9 mmol/L). Upon prediabetes diagnosis, the animals were subjected to a four-limb grip strength test to assess skeletal muscle strength at week 20. After the grip strength test was conducted, the animals were euthanized for blood and tissue collection to analyze glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), plasma insulin, and insulin resistance using the homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. Correlation analysis was performed to examine the associations of skeletal muscle strength with HOMA-IR, plasma glucose, HbA1c, and MDA concentration. The results demonstrated increased HbA1c, FBG, insulin, HOMA-IR, and MDA concentrations in the PD group compared to the NPD group. Grip strength was reduced in the PD group compared to the NPD group. Grip strength was negatively correlated with HbA1c, plasma glucose, HOMA-IR, and MDA concentration in the PD group. These observations suggest that diet-induced prediabetes compromises muscle function, which may contribute to increased levels of sedentary behavior during prediabetes progression, and this may contribute to the development of hyperglycemia in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andile Khathi
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban X54001, South Africa;
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Lee SH, Kim JR, Shin JK, Lee JS, Kim YM, Kwak JH, Kim HS. Dendropanoxide Attenuates High Glucose-induced Oxidative Damage in NRK-52E Cells via AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:256-266. [PMID: 38040033 DOI: 10.1055/a-2220-9301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is a potent risk factor for the development and progression of diabetes-induced nephropathy. Dendropanoxide (DPx) is a natural compound isolated from Dendropanax morbifera (Araliaceae) that exerts various biological effects. However, the role of DPx in hyperglycemia-induced renal tubular cell injury remains unclear. The present study explored the protective mechanism of DPx on high glucose (HG)-induced cytotoxicity in kidney tubular epithelial NRK-52E cells. The cells were cultured with normal glucose (5.6 mM), HG (30 mM), HG + metformin (10 µM), or HG + DPx (10 µM) for 48 h, and cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed. Malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. Protein-based nephrotoxicity biomarkers were measured in both the culture media and cell lysates. MDA and AGEs were significantly increased in NRK-52E cells cultured with HG, and these levels were markedly reduced by pretreatment with DPx or metformin. DPx significantly reduced the levels of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), selenium-binding protein 1 (SBP1), or neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in NRK-52E cells cultured under HG conditions. Furthermore, treatment with DPx significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activity. DPx protects against HG-induced renal tubular cell damage, which may be mediated by its ability to inhibit oxidative stress through the protein kinase B/mammalian target of the rapamycin (AKT/mTOR) signaling pathway. These findings suggest that DPx can be used as a new drug for the treatment of high glucose-induced diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Hee Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Kyunggi-Do, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Ri Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Kyunggi-Do, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Kyung Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Kyunggi-Do, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sol Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Kyunggi-Do, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mi Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hwan Kwak
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Kyunggi-Do, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Kyunggi-Do, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Chacar S, Abdi A, Almansoori K, Alshamsi J, Al Hageh C, Zalloua P, Khraibi AA, Holt SG, Nader M. Role of CaMKII in diabetes induced vascular injury and its interaction with anti-diabetes therapy. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024; 25:369-382. [PMID: 38064002 PMCID: PMC10943158 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09855-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder denoted by chronic hyperglycemia that drives maladaptive structural changes and functional damage to the vasculature. Attenuation of this pathological remodeling of blood vessels remains an unmet target owing to paucity of information on the metabolic signatures of this process. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) is expressed in the vasculature and is implicated in the control of blood vessels homeostasis. Recently, CaMKII has attracted a special attention in view of its chronic upregulated activity in diabetic tissues, yet its role in the diabetic vasculature remains under investigation.This review highlights the physiological and pathological actions of CaMKII in the diabetic vasculature, with focus on the control of the dialogue between endothelial (EC) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Activation of CaMKII enhances EC and VSMC proliferation and migration, and increases the production of extracellular matrix which leads to maladaptive remodeling of vessels. This is manifested by activation of genes/proteins implicated in the control of the cell cycle, cytoskeleton organization, proliferation, migration, and inflammation. Endothelial dysfunction is paralleled by impaired nitric oxide signaling, which is also influenced by CaMKII signaling (activation/oxidation). The efficiency of CaMKII inhibitors is currently being tested in animal models, with a focus on the genetic pathways involved in the regulation of CaMKII expression (microRNAs and single nucleotide polymorphisms). Interestingly, studies highlight an interaction between the anti-diabetic drugs and CaMKII expression/activity which requires further investigation. Together, the studies reviewed herein may guide pharmacological approaches to improve health-related outcomes in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Chacar
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Abdulhamid Abdi
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khalifa Almansoori
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jawaher Alshamsi
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Cynthia Al Hageh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Pierre Zalloua
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali A Khraibi
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Stephen G Holt
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- SEHA Kidney Care, SEHA, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Moni Nader
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Kushwaha K, Mandal D, Khurana N, Gupta J. Nephro-protective effects of alpha-lipoic acid in type I diabetes. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23712. [PMID: 38602238 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an insulin-dependent autoimmune condition. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are volatile fatty acids with 1-6 carbon atoms that influence glucose storage in the body and can reduce appetite, potentially decreasing T1D risk. Alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA), a type of SCFA, has previously been used to treat diabetic neuropathy and inflammation due to its antioxidant properties. This study aims to assess α-LA's protective effects against T1D and associated kidney damage in rats induced with streptozotocin. Diabetic rats were treated with α-LA orally for 15 days, resulting in improved blood glucose (56% decrease) and kidney function markers like blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and uric acid. α-LA also showed significant antioxidant effects by decreasing LPO as well as improving activities of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione-S transferase and alleviated kidney damage caused by diabetes. Docking experiments suggest that α-LA may regulate diabetes-related changes at the epigenetic level through interactions with the SIRT1 protein, indicating its potential as a target for future antidiabetic drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriti Kushwaha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Debojyoti Mandal
- Department of Botany, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Navneet Khurana
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Jeena Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
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Chen L, Wang J, Ren Y, Ma Y, Liu J, Jiang H, Liu C. Artesunate improves glucose and lipid metabolism in db/db mice by regulating the metabolic profile and the MAPK/PI3K/Akt signalling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:155382. [PMID: 38382280 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia. Chronic metabolic abnormalities and long-term hyperglycaemia may result in a wide range of acute and chronic consequences. Previous studies have demonstrated that artesunate(ART) has antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antiatherosclerotic, and other beneficial effects, but the specific regulatory mechanism is not completely clear. AIM This study investigated the effects of ART on metabolic disorders in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) model db/db mice and explored the underlying mechanisms involved. METHODS C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice were used to identify the targets and molecular mechanism of ART. Metabolomic methods were used to evaluate the efficacy of ART in improving T2DM-related metabolic disorders. Network pharmacology and transcriptomic sequencing were used to analyse the targets and pathways of ART in T2DM. Finally, molecular biology experiments were performed to verify the key targets and pathways selected by network pharmacology and transcriptomic analyses. RESULTS After a 7-week ART intervention (160 mg/kg), the glucose and lipid metabolism levels of the db/db mice improved. Additionally, the oxidative stress indices, namely, the MDA and SOD levels, significantly improved (p<0.01). Linoleic acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, bile acid synthesis, and purine metabolism disorders in db/db mice were partially corrected after ART treatment. Network pharmacology analysis identified important targets of ART for the treatment of metabolic disorders in T2DM . These targets are involved in key signalling pathways, including the highest scores observed for the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that ART could activate the MAPK signalling pathway and two key gene targets, HGK and GADD45. Immunoblotting revealed that ART increases p-PI3K, p-AKT, Glut2, and IRS1 protein expression and suppresses the phosphorylation of p38, ERK1/2, and JNK, returning HGK and GADD45 to their preartesunate levels. CONCLUSION Treatment of db/db mice with 160 mg/kg ART for 7 weeks significantly reduced fasting blood glucose and lipid levels. It also improved metabolic imbalances in amino acids, lipids, purines, and bile acids, thereby improving metabolic disorders. These effects are achieved by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway and inhibiting the MAPK pathway, thus demonstrating the efficacy of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Chen
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Multiomics and Translational Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Diseases, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Jialin Wang
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Multiomics and Translational Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Diseases, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Yanshuang Ren
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Multiomics and Translational Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Diseases, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Yujin Ma
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Multiomics and Translational Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Diseases, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Multiomics and Translational Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Diseases, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Hongwei Jiang
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Multiomics and Translational Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Diseases, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
| | - Chuanxin Liu
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Clinical Multiomics and Translational Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Diseases, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
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Williquett J, Allamargot C, Sun H. AMPK-SP1-Guided Dynein Expression Represents a New Energy-Responsive Mechanism and Therapeutic Target for Diabetic Nephropathy. KIDNEY360 2024; 5:538-549. [PMID: 38467599 PMCID: PMC11093544 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0000000000000392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Key Points AMP kinase senses diabetic stresses in podocytes, subsequently upregulates specificity protein 1–mediated dynein expression and promotes podocyte injury. Pharmaceutical restoration of dynein expression by targeting specificity protein 1 represents an innovative therapeutic strategy for diabetic nephropathy. Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes. Injury to podocytes, epithelial cells that form the molecular sieve of a kidney, is a preclinical feature of DN. Protein trafficking mediated by dynein, a motor protein complex, is a newly recognized pathophysiology of diabetic podocytopathy and is believed to be derived from the hyperglycemia-induced expression of subunits crucial for the transportation activity of the dynein complex. However, the mechanism underlying this transcriptional signature remains unknown. Methods Through promoter analysis, we identified binding sites for transcription factor specificity protein 1 (SP1) as the most shared motif among hyperglycemia-responsive dynein genes. We demonstrated the essential role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)–regulated SP1 in the transcription of dynein subunits and dynein-mediated trafficking in diabetic podocytopathy using chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative PCR and live cell imaging. SP1-dependent dynein-driven pathogenesis of diabetic podocytopathy was demonstrated by pharmaceutical intervention with SP1 in a mouse model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Results Hyperglycemic conditions enhance SP1 binding to dynein promoters, promoted dynein expression, and enhanced dynein-mediated mistrafficking in cultured podocytes. These changes can be rescued by chemical inhibition or genetic silencing of SP1. The direct repression of AMPK, an energy sensor, replicates hyperglycemia-induced dynein expression by activating SP1. Mithramycin inhibition of SP1-directed dynein expression in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice protected them from developing podocytopathy and prevented DN progression. Conclusions Our work implicates AMPK-SP1–regulated dynein expression as an early mechanism that translates energy disturbances in diabetes into podocyte dysfunction. Pharmaceutical restoration of dynein expression by targeting SP1 offers a new therapeutic strategy to prevent DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian Williquett
- Division of Nephrology, Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Chantal Allamargot
- Central Microscopy Research Facility, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Hua Sun
- Division of Nephrology, Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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Stanisławska-Kubiak M, Majewska KA, Krasińska A, Wais P, Majewski D, Mojs E, Kȩdzia A. Brain functional and structural changes in diabetic children. How can intellectual development be optimized in type 1 diabetes? Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2024; 15:20406223241229855. [PMID: 38560719 PMCID: PMC10981223 DOI: 10.1177/20406223241229855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The neuropsychological functioning of people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is of key importance to the effectiveness of the therapy, which, in its complexity, requires a great deal of knowledge, attention, and commitment. Intellectual limitations make it difficult to achieve the optimal metabolic balance, and a lack of this alignment can contribute to the further deterioration of cognitive functions. The aim of this study was to provide a narrative review of the current state of knowledge regarding the influence of diabetes on brain structure and functions during childhood and also to present possible actions to optimize intellectual development in children with T1D. Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant literature using selected keywords. The results were summarized using a narrative synthesis. Disturbances in glucose metabolism during childhood may have a lasting negative effect on the development of the brain and related cognitive functions. To optimize intellectual development in children with diabetes, it is essential to prevent disorders of the central nervous system by maintaining peri-normal glycemic levels. Based on the performed literature review, it seems necessary to take additional actions, including repeated neuropsychological evaluation with early detection of any cognitive dysfunctions, followed by the development of individual management strategies and the training of appropriate skills, together with complex, multidirectional environmental support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia Stanisławska-Kubiak
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, ul. Bukowska 70, Poznan 60-812, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Anna Majewska
- Department of Pediatric Diabetes, Auxology and Obesity, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agata Krasińska
- Department of Pediatric Diabetes, Auxology and Obesity, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paulina Wais
- Department of Pediatric Diabetes, Auxology and Obesity, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Dominik Majewski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Mojs
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kȩdzia
- Department of Pediatric Diabetes, Auxology and Obesity, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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