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Andrabi M, Key B, Francisco M, Jeremiah M, Mumba M, Radhakrishnan K, Ball K. A quantitative study to assess cardiovascular risks among older African American women living in rural black belt areas of Alabama. Public Health Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38967253 DOI: 10.1111/phn.13370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Limited information is available regarding the knowledge of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) risk factors and the actual risk behaviors among African American (AA) older women living in rural areas of Alabama. A pilot study of needs assessment for CVD prevention behaviors was conducted to collect such data from rural AA women. This paper reports the quantitative part of the needs assessment of this pilot study. We recruited participants (N = 30) using convenience sampling. Data collection measures included: i) American Heart Association's CVD-related knowledge questionnaire, ii) Five Times Sit to Stand Test to measure dynamic balance and iii) Six minute walk test (6MWT) to assess exercise endurance iv) standard weighing scale to measure body weight and v) standard measurements scale to measure height. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The majority (76%) of participants had hypertension (70%), diabetes (60%), poor balance (70%), and low exercise endurance (100%). Most of the participants had low knowledge related to CVD risk factors. This study demonstrated the need to conduct a large-scale study to assess knowledge related to heart health and the actual needs and preferences of these individuals. Conducting such a study would lay the foundation for developing a need-based program for these underserved individuals while incorporating their preferences and the strategies that would help engage them in a heart health intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir Andrabi
- Capstone College of Nursing, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States
| | - Betty Key
- Idda Moffet School of Nursing, The Samford University, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Marqus Francisco
- Capstone College of Nursing, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States
| | - Matthews Jeremiah
- Capstone College of Nursing, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States
| | - Mercy Mumba
- Capstone College of Nursing, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States
| | | | - Karlene Ball
- Departmen of Psychology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Yeung AM, Huang J, Pandey A, Hashim IA, Kerr D, Pop-Busui R, Rhee CM, Shah VN, Bally L, Bayes-Genis A, Bee YM, Bergenstal R, Butler J, Fleming GA, Gilbert G, Greene SJ, Kosiborod MN, Leiter LA, Mankovsky B, Martens TW, Mathieu C, Mohan V, Patel KV, Peters A, Rhee EJ, Rosano GMC, Sacks DB, Sandoval Y, Seley JJ, Schnell O, Umpierrez G, Waki K, Wright EE, Wu AHB, Klonoff DC. Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Heart Failure in People with Diabetes: A Consensus Report from Diabetes Technology Society. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 79:65-79. [PMID: 37178991 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes Technology Society assembled a panel of clinician experts in diabetology, cardiology, clinical chemistry, nephrology, and primary care to review the current evidence on biomarker screening of people with diabetes (PWD) for heart failure (HF), who are, by definition, at risk for HF (Stage A HF). This consensus report reviews features of HF in PWD from the perspectives of 1) epidemiology, 2) classification of stages, 3) pathophysiology, 4) biomarkers for diagnosing, 5) biomarker assays, 6) diagnostic accuracy of biomarkers, 7) benefits of biomarker screening, 8) consensus recommendations for biomarker screening, 9) stratification of Stage B HF, 10) echocardiographic screening, 11) management of Stage A and Stage B HF, and 12) future directions. The Diabetes Technology Society panel recommends 1) biomarker screening with one of two circulating natriuretic peptides (B-type natriuretic peptide or N-terminal prohormone of B-type natriuretic peptide), 2) beginning screening five years following diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and at the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (T2D), 3) beginning routine screening no earlier than at age 30 years for T1D (irrespective of age of diagnosis) and at any age for T2D, 4) screening annually, and 5) testing any time of day. The panel also recommends that an abnormal biomarker test defines asymptomatic preclinical HF (Stage B HF). This diagnosis requires follow-up using transthoracic echocardiography for classification into one of four subcategories of Stage B HF, corresponding to risk of progression to symptomatic clinical HF (Stage C HF). These recommendations will allow identification and management of Stage A and Stage B HF in PWD to prevent progression to Stage C HF or advanced HF (Stage D HF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Yeung
- Diabetes Technology Society, Burlingame, CA, United States of America
| | - Jingtong Huang
- Diabetes Technology Society, Burlingame, CA, United States of America
| | - Ambarish Pandey
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Ibrahim A Hashim
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - David Kerr
- Diabetes Technology Society, Burlingame, CA, United States of America
| | | | - Connie M Rhee
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Kidney Transplantation, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, United States of America
| | - Viral N Shah
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Lia Bally
- Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, CIBERCV, Universitat Autonoma Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Richard Bergenstal
- International Diabetes Center, HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Javed Butler
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX and University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, United States of America
| | | | - Gregory Gilbert
- Mills-Peninsula Medical Center, Burlingame, CA, United States of America
| | - Stephen J Greene
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Mikhail N Kosiborod
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States of America
| | - Lawrence A Leiter
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Thomas W Martens
- International Diabetes Center and Park Nicollet Clinic, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | | | - Viswanathan Mohan
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, Chennai, India
| | - Kershaw V Patel
- Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Anne Peters
- University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Eun-Jung Rhee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - David B Sacks
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Yader Sandoval
- Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | | | - Oliver Schnell
- Forschergruppe Diabetes e.V., Munich-, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Kayo Waki
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eugene E Wright
- Charlotte Area Health Education Center, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Alan H B Wu
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - David C Klonoff
- Mills-Peninsula Medical Center, San Mateo, CA, United States of America.
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Honarvar M, Masoumi S, Mehran L, Khalili D, Amouzegar A, Azizi F. Development and validation of a continuous metabolic syndrome severity score in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7529. [PMID: 37160960 PMCID: PMC10170075 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33294-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), defined as the coexistence of interrelated cardiometabolic risk factors, is limited by ignoring the severity of the disease and individuals with a pre-metabolic state. We aimed to develop the first age- and sex-specific continuous MetS severity score in the adult population using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) based on the MetS components in the Middle East. Using data from the population-based Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) I and II datasets, we conducted CFA of the single factor MetS on 8933 adults (20-60 years old) totally, and in age and sex subgroups. We allowed for different factor loadings across the subgroups to formulate age- and sex-specific continuous MetS severity score equations. Thereafter, we validated these equations in the dataset of TLGS III participants. Triglyceride had the highest factor loading across age and sex subgroups, indicating the most correlation with MetS. Except for women aged 40-60 years, waist circumference was the second most significant factor contributing to MetS. Systolic blood pressure was more closely related to MetS in women than in men. Systolic blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose had the weakest correlation with MetS among the 40-60 age group. Moreover, as women age, the contribution of fasting plasma glucose to MetS tended to decline, while it remained relatively constant in men. The resulting MetS severity score was correlated with age and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. Furthermore, the continuous MetS severity score well predicted the traditional MetS according to receiver operating characteristic analysis in the validation dataset. The age- and sex-specific continuous MetS severity score for the West Asian adult population provides a tangible quantitative measure of MetS enabling clinicians to screen and monitor the individuals at risk and assess their metabolic trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadjavad Honarvar
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Safdar Masoumi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ladan Mehran
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Davood Khalili
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Atieh Amouzegar
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Jain V, Minhas AMK, Ariss RW, Nazir S, Khan SU, Khan MS, Rifai MA, Michos E, Mehta A, Qamar A, Vaughan EM, Sperling L, Virani SS. Demographic and Regional Trends of Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus-Related Mortality in the United States From 1999 to 2019. Am J Med 2023:S0002-9343(23)00202-4. [PMID: 37183138 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this research was to study the contemporary trends in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM)-related mortality. METHODS We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging OnLine Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database to identify adults ≥25 years old where both CVD and DM were listed as an underlying or contributing cause of death between 1999 and 2019. Crude and age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000 population were determined. RESULTS The overall age-adjusted mortality rate was 99.18 in 1999 and 91.43 in 2019, with a recent increase from 2014-2019 (annual percent change 1.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3-1.6). Age-adjusted mortality rate was higher for males compared with females, with increasing mortality in males between 2014 and 2019 (annual percent change 1.5; 95% CI, 0.9-2.0). Age-adjusted mortality rate was highest for non-Hispanic Black adults and was ∼2-fold higher compared with non-Hispanic White adults. Young and middle-aged adults (25-69 years) had increasing age-adjusted mortality rates in recent years. There were significant urban-rural disparities, and age-adjusted mortality rates in rural counties increased from 2014 to 2019 (annual percent change 2.2; 95% CI, 1.5-2.9); states in the 90th percentile of mortality had age-adjusted mortality rates that were ∼2-fold higher than those in the bottom 10th percentile of mortality. CONCLUSION After an initial decrease in DM + CVD-related mortality for a decade, this trend has reversed, with increasing mortality from 2014 to 2019. Significant geographic and demographic disparities persist, requiring targeted health policy interventions to prevent the loss of years of progress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert W Ariss
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Salik Nazir
- Department of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Safi U Khan
- Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Texas
| | | | | | - Erin Michos
- Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
| | - Anurag Mehta
- VCU Health Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond
| | - Arman Qamar
- Division of Cardiology, NorthShore University Hospital, Evanston, Ill
| | | | | | - Salim S Virani
- Department of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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Guo Y, Gao J, Liu Y, Jia Y, An X, Zhang X, Su P. An examination of causal associations and shared risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in the East Asian population: A Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1132298. [PMID: 36909309 PMCID: PMC9999111 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1132298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the major contributors to disability and mortality among diabetics is cardiovascular disease (CVD), with coronary artery disease (CAD) as the most prevalent type. However, previous studies have provided controversial evidence linking diabetes to other types of CVDs, such as atrial fibrillation (AF). In addition, the risk factors that predispose people to the risk of diabetes and its complications differ across ethnicities, but the disease risk profiles in the East Asian population have been less investigated. METHODS The causal association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and two types of CVDs (i.e., AF and CAD) in the East Asian population was first studied using Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Next, we examined the causal effect of 49 traits on T2D and CAD to identify their separate and shared risk factors in East Asians. A causal mediation analysis was performed to examine the role of T2D in mediating the relationship between the identified shared risk factors and CAD. RESULTS T2D was causally associated with CAD, but not AF, in East Asians. A screening of the risk factors indicated that six and 11 traits were causally associated with T2D and CAD, respectively, with suggestive levels of evidence. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was the only trait associated with both T2D and CAD, as revealed by the univariable MR analyses. Moreover, the causal association between ALP and CAD no longer existed after adjusting T2D as a covariable in the causal mediation study. CONCLUSION Our study highlights the risk profiles in the East Asian population, which is important in formulating targeted therapies for T2D and CVDs in East Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Guo
- *Correspondence: Yulin Guo, ; Pixiong Su,
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pixiong Su
- *Correspondence: Yulin Guo, ; Pixiong Su,
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Kubiliun MJ, Cohen JC, Hobbs HH, Kozlitina J. Contribution of a genetic risk score to ethnic differences in fatty liver disease. Liver Int 2022; 42:2227-2236. [PMID: 35620859 PMCID: PMC9427702 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Susceptibility to fatty liver disease (FLD) varies among individuals and between racial/ethnic groups. Several genetic variants influence FLD risk, but whether these variants explain racial/ethnic differences in FLD prevalence is unclear. We examined the contribution of genetic risk factors to racial/ethnic-specific differences in FLD. METHODS A case-control study comparing FLD patients (n = 1194) and population-based controls (n = 3120) was performed. Patient characteristics, FLD risk variants (PNPLA3-rs738409 + rs6006460, TM6SF2-rs58542926, HSD17B13-rs80182459 + rs72613567, MBOAT7/TMC4-rs641738, and GCKR-rs1260326) and a multi-locus genetic risk score (GRS) were examined. The odds of FLD for individuals with different risk factor burdens were determined. RESULTS Hispanics and Whites were over-represented (56% vs. 38% and 36% vs. 29% respectively) and Blacks under-represented (5% vs. 23%) among FLD patients, compared to the population from which controls were selected (p < .001). Among cases and controls, Blacks had a lower and Hispanics a greater, net number of risk alleles than Whites (p < .001). GRS was associated with increased odds of FLD (ORQ5vsQ1 = 8.72 [95% CI = 5.97-13.0], p = 9.8 × 10-28 ), with the association being stronger in Hispanics (ORQ5vsQ1 = 14.8 [8.3-27.1]) than Blacks (ORQ5vsQ1 = 3.7 [1.5-11.5], P-interaction = 0.002). After accounting for GRS, the odds of FLD between Hispanics and Whites did not differ significantly (OR = 1.06 [0.87-1.28], p = .58), whereas Blacks retained much lower odds of FLD (OR = 0.21, [0.15-0.30], p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Blacks had a lower and Hispanics a greater FLD risk allele burden than Whites. These differences contributed to, but did not fully explain, racial/ethnic differences in FLD prevalence. Identification of additional factors protecting Blacks from FLD may provide new targets for prevention and treatment of FLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddie J. Kubiliun
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jonathan C. Cohen
- The Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA,The Eugene McDermott Center of Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Helen H. Hobbs
- The Eugene McDermott Center of Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Julia Kozlitina
- The Eugene McDermott Center of Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA,Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Fan L, Zhu X, Shingina A, Kabagambe EK, Shrubsole MJ, Dai Q. Racial Disparities in Associations of Alcohol Consumption With Liver Disease Mortality in a Predominantly Low-Income Population: A Report From the Southern Community Cohort Study. Am J Gastroenterol 2022; 117:1523-1529. [PMID: 35416798 PMCID: PMC9437117 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Consistent with previous cross-sectional studies, in the Southern Community Cohort Study, the largest cohort for Black Americans conducted in a predominantly low-income population with 81,694 participants, we found that moderate alcohol drinking was associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality due to liver disease in Black Americans (hazard ratio = 2.06; 95% confidence interval: 1.08-3.94) but not in White Americans (hazard ratio = 0.87; 95% confidence interval: 0.52-1.44). We found that heavy drinking was significantly associated with an increased risk of mortality due to liver disease in both Black and White Americans. Future studies are warranted to understand the mechanism involving such racial disparity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xiangzhu Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alexandra Shingina
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Martha J. Shrubsole
- Department of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Qi Dai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Zhou Y, Wu W, Zou Y, Huang W, Lin S, Ye J, Lan Y. Benefits of different combinations of aerobic and resistance exercise for improving plasma glucose and lipid metabolism and sleep quality among elderly patients with metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Endocr J 2022; 69:819-830. [PMID: 35197411 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej21-0589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise has beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome (MS). However, the exercise prescriptions that best support plasma glucose and lipid control remain unknown. We evaluated the effects of different combinations of aerobic and resistance training programs on plasma glucose and lipid metabolism and sleep quality in elderly MS patients. Eighty-five elderly MS patients were randomly assigned to five groups: aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT), high aerobic with low resistance training (HALRT), high resistance with low aerobic training (HRLAT), or control. The exercise groups performed supervised moderate-intensity exercise during three 50-min sessions per week for 12 weeks. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), handgrip strength (HGS), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and sleep quality were evaluated at baseline and after 12 weeks. All intervention groups showed significant improvements in SBP, HGS, FPG, 2hPG, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores compared to baseline (all p < 0.05), while DBP, TC, TG, and LDL-C levels were significantly improved only in the HRLAT and HALRT groups (p < 0.05). The HALRT group showed the largest improvements in WC, SBP, DBP, HGS, FPG, 2hPG, and PSQI score (p < 0.001). The largest improvements in BMI, TC, and LDL-C were observed in the HRLAT group (p < 0.001). The combined exercise prescriptions were more effective than aerobic or resistance training alone at improving plasma glucose and lipid metabolism and sleep quality in elderly MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhou
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Wanling Wu
- Hui Ya Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Huizhou, 516003, China
| | - Youqing Zou
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519099, China
| | - Wentao Huang
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Shanshan Lin
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, 201101, Australia
| | - Jinsong Ye
- Taikang Yueyuan Nursing Home, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yutao Lan
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
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Berkowitz L, Cabrera-Reyes F, Salazar C, Ryff CD, Coe C, Rigotti A. Sphingolipid Profiling: A Promising Tool for Stratifying the Metabolic Syndrome-Associated Risk. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:785124. [PMID: 35097004 PMCID: PMC8795367 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.785124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multicomponent risk condition that reflects the clustering of individual cardiometabolic risk factors related to abdominal obesity and insulin resistance. MetS increases the risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, there still is not total clinical consensus about the definition of MetS, and its pathophysiology seems to be heterogeneous. Moreover, it remains unclear whether MetS is a single syndrome or a set of diverse clinical conditions conferring different metabolic and cardiovascular risks. Indeed, traditional biomarkers alone do not explain well such heterogeneity or the risk of associated diseases. There is thus a need to identify additional biomarkers that may contribute to a better understanding of MetS, along with more accurate prognosis of its various chronic disease risks. To fulfill this need, omics technologies may offer new insights into associations between sphingolipids and cardiometabolic diseases. Particularly, ceramides –the most widely studied sphingolipid class– have been shown to play a causative role in both T2DM and CVD. However, the involvement of simple glycosphingolipids remains controversial. This review focuses on the current understanding of MetS heterogeneity and discuss recent findings to address how sphingolipid profiling can be applied to better characterize MetS-associated risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loni Berkowitz
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism & Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Loni Berkowitz
| | - Fernanda Cabrera-Reyes
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Salazar
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism & Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carol D. Ryff
- Institute on Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Christopher Coe
- Institute on Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Attilio Rigotti
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism & Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Luo F, Shi M, Guo J, Cheng Y, Xu X, Zeng J, Huang S, Huang W, Wei W, Wang Y, Chen R, Ma G. Association between the RETN -420C/G polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus susceptibility: A meta-analysis of 23 studies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1039919. [PMID: 36619567 PMCID: PMC9810749 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1039919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The published findings on the link between the resistin (RETN) gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk are still contradictory. Here, through a meta-analysis, we summarized a more precise evaluation of their connection by synthesizing existing research. METHODS PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were electronically searched, and all cited sources were manually searched. The heterogeneity of effects was tested and all statistical analyses were performed in Stata 12.0. RESULTS A total of 23 studies with 10,651 cases and 14,366 controls on RETN -420C/G polymorphism were included. The overall results showed that the association of RETN -420C/G polymorphism and T2DM susceptibility was not significant [for the allelic model: odds ratio (OR) = 0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.87-1.10, pheterogeneity <.001; I 2 = 84.6%; for the dominant model: OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.80-1.15, pheterogeneity <.001; I 2 = 87.1%; and for the recessive model: OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.82-1.12, pheterogeneity <.001; I 2 = 56.9%] but with high heterogeneity across studies (p <.0001). Meta-regression found that the median age of T2DM participants (using age 50 as the cutoff) could be a factor in the observed variation. The RETN -420C/G polymorphism seems to be linked to an increased risk of T2DM in younger individuals [for dominant: OR = 0.84 (95% CI, 0.72-0.98; pheterogeneity <.001; I 2 = 80.9%)] and decreased risk in older people [for dominant: OR = 3.14 (95% CI, 2.35-4.19; pheterogeneity = .98; I 2 = 0.0%)]. CONCLUSIONS Current results found no evidence that the RETN -420C/G variant was linked to T2DM susceptibility, but the patient's age appears to be a potential factor that contributed to high heterogeneity across studies. Additional high-quality and well-designed investigations are required to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Mingjie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Junhao Guo
- Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yisen Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Xusan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Jieqing Zeng
- Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Si Huang
- Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Weijun Huang
- Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wenfeng Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Riling Chen
- Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
- *Correspondence: Guoda Ma, ; Riling Chen,
| | - Guoda Ma
- Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
- *Correspondence: Guoda Ma, ; Riling Chen,
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11
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Brady RP, Shah AS, Jensen ET, Stafford JM, D’Agostino RB, Dolan LM, Knight L, Imperatore G, Turley CB, Liese AD, Urbina EM, Lawrence JM, Pihoker C, Marcovina S, Dabelea D. Glycemic control is associated with dyslipidemia over time in youth with type 2 diabetes: The SEARCH for diabetes in youth study. Pediatr Diabetes 2021; 22:951-959. [PMID: 34363298 PMCID: PMC8530941 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyslipidemia has been documented in youth with type 2 diabetes. There is a paucity of studies examining dyslipidemia over time in youth with type 2 diabetes and associated risk factors. OBJECTIVE To evaluate lipids at baseline and follow-up and associated risk factors in youth with type 2 diabetes. METHODS We studied 212 youth with type 2 diabetes at baseline and after an average of 7 years of follow-up in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study. Abnormal lipids were defined as high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) < 35, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) > 100, or triglycerides >150 (all mg/dl). We evaluated participants for progression to abnormal lipids (normal lipids at baseline and abnormal at follow-up), regression (abnormal lipids at baseline and normal at follow-up), stable normal, and stable abnormal lipids over time for HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides. Associations between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and adiposity over time (area under the curve [AUC]) with progression and stable abnormal lipids were evaluated. RESULTS HDL-C progressed, regressed, was stable normal, and stable abnormal in 12.3%, 11.3%, 62.3%, and 14.2% of participants, respectively. Corresponding LDL-C percentages were 15.6%, 12.7%, 42.9%, and 28.8% and triglycerides were 17.5%, 10.8%, 55.7%, and 16.0%. Each 1% increase in HbA1c AUC was associated with a 13% higher risk of progression and stable abnormal triglycerides and a 20% higher risk of progression and stable abnormal LDL-C. Higher adiposity AUC was marginally (p = 0.049) associated with abnormal HDL-C. CONCLUSIONS Progression and stable abnormal LDL-C and triglycerides occur in youth with type 2 diabetes and are associated with higher HbA1c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P Brady
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital & University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA 45229
| | - Amy S Shah
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital & University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA 45229
| | - Elizabeth T Jensen
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA 27157
| | - Jeanette M Stafford
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA 27157
| | - Ralph B D’Agostino
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA 27157
| | - Lawrence M Dolan
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital & University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA 45229
| | - Lisa Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC USA 29203
| | - Giuseppina Imperatore
- Division of Diabetes Translation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA USA 30341
| | - Christine B Turley
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC USA 29203
| | - Angela D. Liese
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC USA 29208
| | - Elaine M Urbina
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital & University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA 45229
| | - Jean M Lawrence
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA USA 91101
| | - Catherine Pihoker
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA 98195
| | - Santica Marcovina
- Northwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA 98195
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO USA 80045
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12
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Luo J, Dinh P, Hendryx M, Li W, Robinson J, Margolis KL. Risk Patterns and Mortality in Postmenopausal Women Using Latent Class Analysis. Am J Prev Med 2021; 61:e225-e233. [PMID: 34686303 PMCID: PMC8542102 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although risk factors often co-occur, previous studies examining lifestyle or psychosocial factors often treat these factors as individual predictors of health. This study aims to identify the underlying subgroups of women characterized by distinct lifestyle and psychosocial risk patterns and to investigate the prospective associations between risk patterns and mortality among postmenopausal women. METHODS A total of 64,812 postmenopausal women aged 50-79 years without prevalent diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer at baseline (1993-1998) were followed until 2019 with a mean follow-up duration of 14.6 (SD=6.4) years. Latent class analysis was used to identify the latent classes of women with homogeneous combinations of lifestyle and psychosocial variables and to test whether the classes were prospectively associated with mortality. Analyses were stratified by race/ethnicity and were performed in 2020. RESULTS A total of 4 latent classes (Healthy Lifestyle and Psychosocial, Risky Psychosocial, Risky Lifestyle, and Risky Lifestyle and Risky Psychosocial) were identified for Hispanic, Black, and White women, and 2 classes (High Risk or Low Risk) were identified for American Indian and Asian women. Women in the Risky Lifestyle and Risky Psychosocial group had the highest hazard ratios for all outcomes studied for all race/ethnicity groups than those in the Healthy Lifestyle and Psychosocial group, followed by those in the Risky Lifestyle group. Risky Psychosocial class was significantly associated with an elevated risk of overall and cardiovascular disease mortality only in Black women. CONCLUSIONS The class with concurrent risky lifestyle and psychosocial factors conveyed the greatest risk of all types of mortality than a low-risk ref group. Health promotion should address both behavioral and psychosocial risks concurrently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhua Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana.
| | - Paul Dinh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Michael Hendryx
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of Public Health, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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13
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Pluimakers VG, van Santen SS, Fiocco M, Bakker MCE, van der Lelij AJ, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Neggers SJCMM. Can biomarkers be used to improve diagnosis and prediction of metabolic syndrome in childhood cancer survivors? A systematic review. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13312. [PMID: 34258851 PMCID: PMC8596408 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at increased risk to develop metabolic syndrome (MetS), diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Common criteria underestimate adiposity and possibly underdiagnose MetS, particularly after abdominal radiotherapy. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis on the diagnostic and predictive value of nine newer MetS related biomarkers (adiponectin, leptin, uric acid, hsCRP, TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-6, apolipoprotein B (apoB), and lipoprotein(a) [lp(a)]) in survivors and adult non-cancer survivors was performed by searching PubMed and Embase. Evidence was summarized with GRADE after risk of bias evaluation (QUADAS-2/QUIPS). Eligible studies on promising biomarkers were pooled. We identified 175 general population and five CCS studies. In the general population, valuable predictive biomarkers are uric acid, adiponectin, hsCRP and apoB (high level of evidence), and leptin (moderate level of evidence). Valuable diagnostic biomarkers are hsCRP, adiponectin, uric acid, and leptin (low, low, moderate, and high level of evidence, respectively). Meta-analysis showed OR for hyperuricemia of 2.94 (age-/sex-adjusted), OR per unit uric acid increase of 1.086 (unadjusted), and AUC for hsCRP of 0.71 (unadjusted). Uric acid, adiponectin, hsCRP, leptin, and apoB can be alternative biomarkers in the screening setting for MetS in survivors, to enhance early identification of those at high risk of subsequent complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Selveta S van Santen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marta Fiocco
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical Data Science, Leiden UMC, Leiden, Netherlands.,Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Marie-Christine E Bakker
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Aart J van der Lelij
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Sebastian J C M M Neggers
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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14
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Eckel RH, Bornfeldt KE, Goldberg IJ. Cardiovascular disease in diabetes, beyond glucose. Cell Metab 2021; 33:1519-1545. [PMID: 34289375 PMCID: PMC8411849 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the decades-old knowledge that diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the reasons for this association are only partially understood. While this association is true for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, different pathophysiological processes may be responsible. Lipids and other risk factors are indeed important, whereas the role of glucose is less clear. This lack of clarity stems from clinical trials that do not unambiguously show that intensive glycemic control reduces cardiovascular events. Animal models have provided mechanisms that link diabetes to increased atherosclerosis, and evidence consistent with the importance of factors beyond hyperglycemia has emerged. We review clinical, pathological, and animal studies exploring the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in humans living with diabetes and in mouse models of diabetes. An increased effort to identify risk factors beyond glucose is now needed to prevent the increased cardiovascular disease risk associated with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Eckel
- Divisions of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, and Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Karin E Bornfeldt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ira J Goldberg
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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15
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Berkowitz L, Henríquez MP, Salazar C, Rojas E, Echeverría G, Love GD, Rigotti A, Coe CL, Ryff CD. Association between serum sphingolipids and eudaimonic well-being in white U.S. adults. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13139. [PMID: 34162955 PMCID: PMC8222370 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92576-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging research has linked psychological well-being with many physiological markers as well as morbidity and mortality. In this analysis, the relationship between components of eudaimonic well-being and serum sphingolipids levels was investigated using data from a large national survey of middle-aged American adults (Midlife in the United States). Health behaviors (i.e., diet, exercise, and sleep) were also examined as potential mediators of these relationships. Serum levels of total ceramides-the main molecular class of sphingolipids previously associated with several disease conditions-were inversely linked with environmental mastery. In addition, significant correlations were found between specific ceramide, dihydroceramide, and hexosylceramides species with environmental mastery, purpose in life, and self-acceptance. Using hierarchical regression and mediation analyses, health behaviors appeared to mediate these associations. However, the link between ceramides and environmental mastery was partially independent of health behaviors, suggesting the role of additional mediating factors. These findings point to sphingolipid metabolism as a novel pathway of health benefits associated with psychological well-being. In particular, having a sense of environmental mastery may promote restorative behaviors and benefit health via improved blood sphingolipid profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loni Berkowitz
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 328, Santiago, Chile.
| | | | - Cristian Salazar
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 328, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eric Rojas
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Guadalupe Echeverría
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 328, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gayle D Love
- Institute on Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Attilio Rigotti
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 328, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christopher L Coe
- Institute on Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Carol D Ryff
- Institute on Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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16
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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and associated comorbid medical conditions are leading causes of strain on the American health care system. There has been a synchronous rise of obesity to epidemic proportions. If poorly treated, T2D is a scourge for patients, leading to end-organ damage and early mortality. Although T2D is considered best managed with lifestyle modification, medical management, and pharmacotherapy, recent studies have confirmed the superiority of metabolic surgery to conventional treatment algorithms as a path to remission. Increasing access to metabolic surgery will continue to yield benefits to patient health and improve the macroeconomic health of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Scott
- Department of Surgery, Division of Minimal Access and Bariatric Surgery, Prisma Health, 905 Verdae Boulevard Suite 202, Greenville, SC 29607, USA.
| | - Sean C O'Connor
- Department of Surgery, Division of Minimal Access and Bariatric Surgery, Prisma Health, 701 Grove Road, Greenville, SC 29601, USA
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17
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Li W, Peng L, Yang C, Chen G. Diagnostic significance of serum PP4R1 and its predictive value for the development of chronic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:27. [PMID: 33750415 PMCID: PMC7945353 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00642-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit 1 (PP4R1) is one of the regulatory subunits of PP4. It has been determined to be involved in the regulation of TNF-α-induced hepatic insulin resistance and gluconeogenesis. Considering the important role of PP4R1 in hepatic insulin resistance, the current study explored the expression and diagnostic value of PP4R1 in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and further investigated its predictive value for the development of chronic complications. METHOD Hundred and five patients with T2DM and 97 healthy controls were collected. qRT-PCR was used for the measurement of serum PP4R1 mRNA level in both T2DM and control groups. The diagnostic value of PP4R1 in T2DM patients was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the predictive value of PP4R1 for the development of chronic complications in T2DM patients. RESULTS PP4R1 was determined to be elevated in the serum of T2DM patients compared with healthy controls. Serum PP4R1 had the potential to distinguish T2DM patients from healthy controls with a sensitivity of 81.9% and specificity of 82.5%. Patients with high PP4R1 expression experienced more chronic complications events. The multivariate Cox analysis results suggested that serum PP4R1 expression was an independent factor for the occurrence of chronic complications for T2DM patients. CONCLUSION: PP4R1 is elevated in the serum of T2DM patients, had the potential to distinguish T2DM patients from healthy controls. PP4R1 serves as a promising biomarker for predicting the risk of future chronic complications in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- Endocrinology Department, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252600, China
| | - Lanbo Peng
- Endocrinology Department, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Endocrinology Department, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252600, China
| | - Guangmin Chen
- Nephrology and Urology Centre, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 55, University-Town Middle Road, Chongqing, 401551, China.
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18
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Barros BSV, Santos DC, Melo LGN, Pizarro MH, Muniz LH, Silva DA, Porto LC, Gomes MB. Genomic ancestry and metabolic syndrome in individuals with type 1 diabetes from an admixed population: a multicentre, cross-sectional study in Brazil. Diabet Med 2021; 38:e14400. [PMID: 32918322 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the relationship between self-reported colour-race, genomic ancestry, and metabolic syndrome in an admixed Brazilian population with type 1 diabetes. METHODS We included 1640 participants with type 1 diabetes. The proportions of European, African and Amerindian genomic ancestries were determined by 46 ancestry informative markers of insertion deletion. Two different sets of analyses were performed to determine whether self-reported colour-race and genomic ancestry were predictors of metabolic syndrome. RESULTS Metabolic syndrome was identified in 29.8% of participants. In the first model, the factors associated with metabolic syndrome were: female gender (odds ratio 1.95, P < 0.001); diabetes duration (odds ratio 1.04, P < 0.001); family history of type 2 diabetes (odds ratio 1.36, P = 0.019); and acanthosis nigricans (odds ratio 5.93, P < 0.001). Colour-race was not a predictive factor for metabolic syndrome. In the second model, colour-race was replaced by European genomic ancestry. The associated factors were: female gender (odds ratio 1.95, P < 0.001); diabetes duration (odds ratio 1.04, P < 0.001); family history of type 2 diabetes (odds ratio 1.39, P = 0.011); and acanthosis nigricans (odds ratio 6.12, P < 0.001). Physical exercise (≥3 times a week) was a protective factor (odds ratio 0.77, P = 0.041), and European genomic ancestry was not associated with metabolic syndrome but showed an odds ratio of 1.77 (P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Although a higher level of European genomic ancestry was observed among participants with metabolic syndrome in the univariate analysis, this association did not persist after multivariable adjustments. Further prospective studies in other highly admixed populations remain necessary to better evaluate whether the European ancestral component modulates the development of metabolic syndrome in type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S V Barros
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Unit, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - D C Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Unit, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - L G N Melo
- Department of Ophthalmology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - M H Pizarro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Unit, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - L H Muniz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Unit, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - D A Silva
- DNA Diagnostic Laboratory, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - L C Porto
- Histocompatibility and Cryopreservation Laboratory, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - M B Gomes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Unit, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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19
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Dibato JE, Montvida O, Zaccardi F, Sargeant JA, Davies MJ, Khunti K, Paul SK. Association of Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity and Depression With Cardiovascular Events in Early-Onset Adult Type 2 Diabetes: A Multiethnic Study in the U.S. Diabetes Care 2021; 44:231-239. [PMID: 33177170 DOI: 10.2337/dc20-2045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the temporal patterns of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CM) and depression in White Caucasians (WCs) and African Americans (AAs) with early-onset type 2 diabetes and their impact on long-term atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS From U.S. electronic medical records, 101,104 AA and 505,336 WC subjects with type 2 diabetes diagnosed between 2000 and 2017 were identified (mean follow-up 5.3 years). Among those without ASCVD at diagnosis, risk of ASCVD and three-point major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE-3) (heart failure, myocardial infarction, or stroke) was evaluated between ethnicities by age-groups. RESULTS The proportion of patients diagnosed at <50 years of age increased during 2012-2017 (AA 34-38%, WC 26-29%). Depression prevalence increased during 2000-2017 (AA 15-23%, WC 20-34%), with an increasing trend for CM at diagnosis in both groups. Compared with WC, the adjusted MACE-3 risk was significantly higher in AA across all age-groups, more pronounced in the 18-39-year age-group (hazard ratio 95% CI 1.42, 1.88), and in patients with and without depression. AAs had a 17% (1.05, 1.31) significantly higher adjusted ASCVD risk in the 18-39-year age-group only. Depression was independently associated with ASCVD and MACE-3 risk in both ethnic groups across all age-groups. Other comorbidities were independently associated with ASCVD and MACE-3 risk only among WCs. CONCLUSIONS AAs have higher cardiovascular risk compared with WCs, particularly in early-onset type 2 diabetes. CM and depression at diabetes diagnosis have been increasing over the past two decades in both ethnic groups. Strategies for screening and optimal management of CM and depression, particularly in early-onset type 2 diabetes, may result in a lower cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Epoh Dibato
- Melbourne EpiCentre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Olga Montvida
- Melbourne EpiCentre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Francesco Zaccardi
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, U.K
| | - Jack Alistair Sargeant
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, U.K.,Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, U.K
| | - Melanie J Davies
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, U.K.,Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, U.K
| | - Kamlesh Khunti
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, U.K.,Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, U.K
| | - Sanjoy K Paul
- Melbourne EpiCentre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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20
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Gelaye B, Foster S, Bhasin M, Tawakol A, Fricchione G. SARS-CoV-2 morbidity and mortality in racial/ethnic minority populations: A window into the stress related inflammatory basis of health disparities? Brain Behav Immun Health 2020; 9:100158. [PMID: 33052326 PMCID: PMC7543984 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Health disparity related to race/ethnicity has been cited as “the most serious and shameful health care issue of our time”(Peterson et al., 2018). A portion of the now recognized disproportionate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among Black, Indigenous and People of Color (BIPOC) communities is attributable to social determinants such as socioeconomic status (SES), physical living situation, health care access, and the psychosocial factors associated with socioenvironmental circumstances such as bias, victimization, trauma and toxic stress as well as structural factors that reduce the capacity to practice physical distancing (Agurs-Collins et al., 2019). In this paper, we hypothesize that, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, disproportionate socio-economic and environmental stressors in the BIPOC population promoted heightened stress-associated neurobiological activity (Stress-NbA). This chronic elevation in Stress-NbA results in down-stream complications of chronic stress including underactivation of anti-viral type I IFN pathway genes. This results in an increase in susceptibility to viral diseases, including coronavirus illnesses. Additionally, Stress-NbA chronically potentiates systemic inflammation (from hematopoietic system activation with myelopoiesis) increasing the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and setting the stage for stress-related chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This process was propelled by overactivation of immune cell gene expression in the nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) activation pathway and underactivation of gene expression in the anti-viral type I interferon (IFN) pathway. The higher prevalence of MetS and NCDs in minority populations turned out to be predictive of the elevated risk they would face in the presence of a highly contagious viral pandemic. The stress-related generation of a chronic non-pathogen associated molecular pattern (non-PAMP) immunoactivation state led to decreased viral immune defense and increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection with increased risk of severe illness induced by cytokine storm syndrome (CSS). There is a disproportionate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among Black, Indigenous and People of Color (BIPOC) communities. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and during the pandemic, existing disproportionate structural, socio-economic and environmental stressors in the BIPOC communities may have resulted in heightened stress-associated neurobiological activity (Stress-NbA). In this paper, we hypothesize that a combination of chronic elevation of stress-NbA, systemic inflammation, stress response and immune response related factors aligned against BIPIC communities are potential drivers of excess morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bizu Gelaye
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Simmie Foster
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Manoj Bhasin
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Biomedical Bioinformatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ahmed Tawakol
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gregory Fricchione
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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21
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Evaluate the effects of metabolic syndrome in adolescents and children. FRONTIERS OF NURSING 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/fon-2020-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MS) in adolescents and children can cause serious consequences that lead researchers to pay efforts to study in such area. Presently, MS definition is still not standardized. Different versions of MS definition have been used by numerous studies, which may be a problem to identify MS and then to predict and prevent clinical diseases. The pediatric literature shows that insulin resistance and obesity might be the key underlying pathophysiology of MS to cause many related diseases. High prevalence of MS is in overweight and obese children and adolescents. This article focuses on such above issues and also effects of MS on two main disease outcomes: cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
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22
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Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR), the reduction of dietary intake below energy requirements while maintaining optimal nutrition, is the only known nutritional intervention with the potential to attenuate aging. Evidence from observational, preclinical, and clinical trials suggests the ability to increase life span by 1-5 years with an improvement in health span and quality of life. CR moderates intrinsic processes of aging through cellular and metabolic adaptations and reducing risk for the development of many cardiometabolic diseases. Yet, implementation of CR may require unique considerations for the elderly and other specific populations. The objectives of this review are to summarize the evidence for CR to modify primary and secondary aging; present caveats for implementation in special populations; describe newer, alternative approaches that have comparative effectiveness and fewer deleterious effects; and provide thoughts on the future of this important field of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily W Flanagan
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA;
| | - Jasper Most
- Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacob T Mey
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA;
| | - Leanne M Redman
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA;
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23
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Singh K, Chandra A, Sperry T, Joshi PH, Khera A, Virani SS, Ballantyne CM, Otvos JD, Dullaart RPF, Gruppen EG, Connelly MA, Ayers CR, Rohatgi A. Associations Between High-Density Lipoprotein Particles and Ischemic Events by Vascular Domain, Sex, and Ethnicity: A Pooled Cohort Analysis. Circulation 2020; 142:657-669. [PMID: 32804568 PMCID: PMC7425196 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.045713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration (HDL-C) is an established atheroprotective marker, in particular for coronary artery disease; however, HDL particle concentration (HDL-P) may better predict risk. The associations of HDL-C and HDL-P with ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) among women and Blacks have not been well studied. We hypothesized that HDL-P would consistently be associated with MI and stroke among women and Blacks compared with HDL-C. Methods: We analyzed individual-level participant data in a pooled cohort of 4 large population studies without baseline atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: DHS (Dallas Heart Study; n=2535), ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities; n=1595), MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; n=6632), and PREVEND (Prevention of Renal and Vascular Endstage Disease; n=5022). HDL markers were analyzed in adjusted Cox proportional hazard models for MI and ischemic stroke. Results: In the overall population (n=15 784), HDL-P was inversely associated with the combined outcome of MI and ischemic stroke, adjusted for cardiometabolic risk factors (hazard ratio [HR] for quartile 4 [Q4] versus quartile 1 [Q1], 0.64 [95% CI, 0.52–0.78]), as was HDL-C (HR for Q4 versus Q1, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.61–0.94]). Adjustment for HDL-C did not attenuate the inverse relationship between HDL-P and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, whereas adjustment for HDL-P attenuated all associations between HDL-C and events. HDL-P was inversely associated with the individual end points of MI and ischemic stroke in the overall population, including in women. HDL-P was inversely associated with MI among White participants but not among Black participants (HR for Q4 versus Q1 for Whites, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.35–0.69]; for Blacks, 1.22 [95% CI, 0.76–1.98]; Pinteraction=0.001). Similarly, HDL-C was inversely associated with MI among White participants (HR for Q4 versus Q1, 0.53 [95% CI, 0.36–0.78]) but had a weak direct association with MI among Black participants (HR for Q4 versus Q1, 1.75 [95% CI, 1.08–2.83]; Pinteraction<0.0001). Conclusions: Compared with HDL-C, HDL-P was consistently associated with MI and ischemic stroke in the overall population. Differential associations of both HDL-C and HDL-P for MI by Black ethnicity suggest that atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk may differ by vascular domain and ethnicity. Future studies should examine individual outcomes separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavisha Singh
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (K.S., A.C., T.S., P.H.J., A.K., C.R.A., A.R.)
| | - Alvin Chandra
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (K.S., A.C., T.S., P.H.J., A.K., C.R.A., A.R.)
| | - Thomas Sperry
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (K.S., A.C., T.S., P.H.J., A.K., C.R.A., A.R.)
| | - Parag H Joshi
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (K.S., A.C., T.S., P.H.J., A.K., C.R.A., A.R.)
| | - Amit Khera
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (K.S., A.C., T.S., P.H.J., A.K., C.R.A., A.R.)
| | - Salim S Virani
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX (S.S.V.)
| | | | - James D Otvos
- Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings (LabCorp), Morrisville, NC (J.D.O., M.A.C.)
| | - Robin P F Dullaart
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands (R.P.F.D., E.G.G.)
| | - Eke G Gruppen
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands (R.P.F.D., E.G.G.)
| | - Margery A Connelly
- Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings (LabCorp), Morrisville, NC (J.D.O., M.A.C.)
| | - Colby R Ayers
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (K.S., A.C., T.S., P.H.J., A.K., C.R.A., A.R.)
| | - Anand Rohatgi
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (K.S., A.C., T.S., P.H.J., A.K., C.R.A., A.R.)
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24
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Hardy DS, Garvin JT, Mersha TB, Racette SB. Ancestry specific associations of FTO gene variant and metabolic syndrome: A longitudinal ARIC study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e18820. [PMID: 32028392 PMCID: PMC7015559 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cross-sectional studies indicate that the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) rs9939609 gene variant is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) primarily in European ancestry. However, the association is not fully elucidated in African Americans.We hypothesized that rs9939609 (AT = moderate-risk carriers or AA = high-risk carriers compared to TT = low-risk carriers) is associated with MetS and its component risk factors over time; and that its association is ancestry-specific. A secondary hypothesis was that higher levels of physical activity can decrease the deleterious effect of rs9939609 at higher body mass index (BMI).Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study repeated measures data from 4 visits (1987-1998) were obtained from the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes for 10,358 participants (8170 Whites and 2188 African Americans) aged 45 to 64 years at baseline. Guidelines for elevated blood pressure by the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association Task Force were updated within the MetS criteria. Risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals from generalized estimating equations assessed population-average risks.MetS was present among 3479 (42.6%) Whites and 1098 (50.2%) African Americans at baseline, and 50.3% Whites and 57% African Americans over 11-years of follow-up. Among MetS component risk factors, high waist circumference was most prevalent among White AT (RR = 1.07; 1.06-1.09) and AA (RR = 1.12; 1.10-1.14) higher-risk carriers. High triglycerides were elevated among African American AA high-risk carriers (RR = 1.11; 1.02-1.21) compared to TT low-risk carriers. Over time, White AT-and AA higher-risk carriers had 1.07 and 1.08-fold increase (P < .0001) in MetS risk. Physical activity had independent protective effects on MetS among both races (P < .05). White AA high-risk carriers with normal BMI and low vs high physical activity had higher MetS risk (RR = 1.69; 1.25-2.30 and RR = 0.68;0.53-0.87, respectively). In rs9939609 × BMI× physical activity interaction, White A-allele high-risk carriers had lower MetS risk (RR = 0.68; 0.53-0.87). Among Whites, physical activity can lessen the effect of rs9939609 and high BMI on risk for MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale S. Hardy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta Georgia
| | - Jane T. Garvin
- School of Nursing, University of Saint Augustine for Health Sciences, Saint Augustine, Florida
| | - Tesfaye B. Mersha
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Susan B. Racette
- Program in Physical Therapy and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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25
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Wang LJ, Zhang CW, Su SC, Chen HIH, Chiu YC, Lai Z, Bouamar H, Ramirez AG, Cigarroa FG, Sun LZ, Chen Y. An ancestry informative marker panel design for individual ancestry estimation of Hispanic population using whole exome sequencing data. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:1007. [PMID: 31888480 PMCID: PMC6936141 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6333-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Europeans and American Indians were major genetic ancestry of Hispanics in the U.S. These ancestral groups have markedly different incidence rates and outcomes in many types of cancers. Therefore, the genetic admixture may cause biased genetic association study with cancer susceptibility variants specifically in Hispanics. For example, the incidence rate of liver cancer has been shown with substantial disparity between Hispanic, Asian and non-Hispanic white populations. Currently, ancestry informative marker (AIM) panels have been widely utilized with up to a few hundred ancestry-informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to infer ancestry admixture. Notably, current available AIMs are predominantly located in intron and intergenic regions, while the whole exome sequencing (WES) protocols commonly used in translational research and clinical practice do not cover these markers. Thus, it remains challenging to accurately determine a patient’s admixture proportion without additional DNA testing. Results In this study we designed an unique AIM panel that infers 3-way genetic admixture from three distinct and selective continental populations (African (AFR), European (EUR), and East Asian (EAS)) within evolutionarily conserved exonic regions. Initially, about 1 million exonic SNPs from selective three populations in the 1000 Genomes Project were trimmed by their linkage disequilibrium (LD), restricted to biallelic variants, and finally we optimized to an AIM panel with 250 SNP markers, or the UT-AIM250 panel, using their ancestral informativeness statistics. Comparing to published AIM panels, UT-AIM250 performed better accuracy when we tested with three ancestral populations (accuracy: 0.995 ± 0.012 for AFR, 0.997 ± 0.007 for EUR, and 0.994 ± 0.012 for EAS). We further demonstrated the performance of the UT-AIM250 panel to admixed American (AMR) samples of the 1000 Genomes Project and obtained similar results (AFR, 0.085 ± 0.098; EUR, 0.665 ± 0.182; and EAS, 0.250 ± 0.205) to previously published AIM panels (Phillips-AIM34: AFR, 0.096 ± 0.127, EUR, 0.575 ± 0.290, and EAS, 0.330 ± 0.315; Wei-AIM278: AFR, 0.070 ± 0.096, EUR, 0.537 ± 0.267, and EAS, 0.393 ± 0.300). Subsequently, we applied the UT-AIM250 panel to a clinical dataset of 26 self-reported Hispanic patients in South Texas with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We estimated the admixture proportions using WES data of adjacent non-cancer liver tissues (AFR, 0.065 ± 0.043; EUR, 0.594 ± 0.150; and EAS, 0.341 ± 0.160). Similar admixture proportions were identified from corresponding tumor tissues. In addition, we estimated admixture proportions of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) collection of hepatocellular carcinoma (TCGA-LIHC) samples (376 patients) using the UT-AIM250 panel. The panel obtained consistent admixture proportions from tumor and matched normal tissues, identified 3 possible incorrectly reported race/ethnicity, and/or provided race/ethnicity determination if necessary. Conclusions Here we demonstrated the feasibility of using evolutionarily conserved exonic regions to infer admixture proportions and provided a robust and reliable control for sample collection or patient stratification for genetic analysis. R implementation of UT-AIM250 is available at https://github.com/chenlabgccri/UT-AIM250.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ju Wang
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Catherine W Zhang
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Sophia C Su
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Hung-I H Chen
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Yu-Chiao Chiu
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Zhao Lai
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Hakim Bouamar
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Amelie G Ramirez
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Institute for Health Promotion Research, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Francisco G Cigarroa
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Lu-Zhe Sun
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Yidong Chen
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA. .,Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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26
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de Caluwé L, van Buitenen N, Gelan PJ, Crunelle CL, Thomas R, Casseres S, Matthys F, van Harten P, Cahn W. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its associated risk factors in an African-Caribbean population with severe mental illness. Psychiatry Res 2019; 281:112558. [PMID: 31546147 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aims to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in patients with severe mental illness (SMI) on a Caribbean island, Curaçao, using the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Among 350 patients (240 men and 110 women) with a mean age of 51.9 years (S.D.=13.5) MetS prevalence was 37.4%, significantly higher in female patients (63.6%) compared to male patients (25.4%). Increased waist circumference was present in 51.1%, low HDL in 50.6%, hypertension in 49.4%, hyperglycemia in 28.6% and 25.7% had hypertriglyceridemia. Except for hypertriglyceridemia, all criteria were more prevalent in female patients. Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that female gender, outpatient treatment setting and the absence of substance use disorder were all significant predictors for MetS. Compared to data from the general population obtained by the 2013 National Health Survey Curaçao, this study showed significantly higher prevalence of diabetes and hypertension in patients with SMI. Moreover, female patients had the highest prevalence of diabetes (28.2%), obesity (50.0%) and increased waist circumference (88.2%). This study demonstrates that African-Caribbean patients with SMI are at high-risk for MetS, especially female patients. Our data suggest to focus on modifiable lifestyle risk factors, as promoting physical activity and healthy dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura de Caluwé
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium; Psychiatric Center, Dr. D.R. Capriles Hospital, GGz Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao.
| | - Nora van Buitenen
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Petra J Gelan
- Psychiatric Center, Dr. D.R. Capriles Hospital, GGz Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao
| | - Cleo L Crunelle
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Roeland Thomas
- Faculty of Medicine, Caribbean Medical University, Willemstad, Curaçao
| | - Sharon Casseres
- Psychiatric Center, Dr. D.R. Capriles Hospital, GGz Curaçao, Willemstad, Curaçao
| | - Frieda Matthys
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter van Harten
- Psychiatric Center GGz Centraal, Amersfoort, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Wiepke Cahn
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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27
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Sun D, Zhang T, Su S, Hao G, Chen T, Li QZ, Bazzano L, He J, Wang X, Li S, Chen W. Body Mass Index Drives Changes in DNA Methylation: A Longitudinal Study. Circ Res 2019; 125:824-833. [PMID: 31510868 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Previous EWASs (Epigenome-Wide Association Studies) suggest that obesity may be the cause, not a consequence, of changes in DNA methylation (DNAm). However, longitudinal observations are lacking. OBJECTIVE To identify 5'-cytosine-phosphate-guanine-3' in DNA (CpG) sites associated with body mass index (BMI) and examine the temporal relationship between dynamic changes in DNAm and BMI in a longitudinal cohort. METHODS AND RESULTS Race-specific EWASs were performed in 995 whites and 490 blacks from the Bogalusa Heart Study. Suggestive CpG sites were further replicated in 252 whites and 228 blacks from the Georgia Stress and Heart Study. Cross-lagged panel analysis was used to examine the temporal relationship between DNAm and BMI in 439 whites and 201 blacks who were examined twice 6.2 years apart. In discovery and replication samples, 349 CpG sites (266 novel) in whites and 36 (21 novel) in blacks were identified to be robustly associated with BMI, with 8 (1 novel) CpG sites overlapping between the 2 races. Cross-lagged panel analyses showed significant unidirectional paths (PFDR <0.05) from baseline BMI to follow-up DNAm at 18 CpG sites in whites and 7 in blacks; no CpG sites showed significant paths from DNAm at baseline to BMI at follow-up. Baseline BMI was associated with a DNAm score (calculated from DNAm levels at the associated CpG sites) at follow-up (P<0.001 both in blacks and in whites). CONCLUSIONS The findings provide strong evidence that obesity is the cause, not a consequence, of changes in DNAm over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianjianyi Sun
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (D.S.).,Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (D.S., T.Z., L.B., J.H., W.C.)
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (D.S., T.Z., L.B., J.H., W.C.).,Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.Z.)
| | - Shaoyong Su
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University (S.S., G.H., X.W)
| | - Guang Hao
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University (S.S., G.H., X.W)
| | - Tao Chen
- Microarray Core Facility, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (T.C., Z.L.)
| | - Quan-Zhen Li
- Microarray Core Facility, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (T.C., Z.L.)
| | - Lydia Bazzano
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (D.S., T.Z., L.B., J.H., W.C.)
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (D.S., T.Z., L.B., J.H., W.C.)
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University (S.S., G.H., X.W)
| | - Shengxu Li
- Children's Minnesota Research Institute, Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota, Minneapolis (S.L.)
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (D.S., T.Z., L.B., J.H., W.C.)
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Ruyatkina LA, Ruyatkin DS, Iskhakova IS. Opportunities and options for surrogate assessment of insulin resistance. OBESITY AND METABOLISM 2019. [DOI: 10.14341/omet10082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVD) determines the need for early detection and correction of key markers of cardio-metabolic risk (CMR). This prophylactic direction is closely related to metabolic syndrome (MS) based on the concept of insulin resistance (IR). At the same time, IR is the first link in the pathogenesis of T2DM and is a recognized risk factor for atherothrombosis. Therefore, early diagnosis of IR is of practical importance both for the detection of early disorders of carbohydrate metabolism (DCM) and prognosis of T2DM, and cardiological risk. Alternative indicators have been proposed for evaluating IR with the inclusion of lipid and anthropometric parameters, the diagnostic and prognostic significance of which in terms of CMR (DCM and CVD) has been evaluated in randomized clinical trials in comparison with the HOMA-IR index and clamp. The TyG index (calculated on the basis of plasma glucose and triglycerides) is consistent with the phenomenon of glucolipotoxicity with subsequent metabolic disorders in target organs. Its derivatives are proposed: TyG-WC (TyG / waist circumference) and TYG-BMI (TyG / BMI). Apply LAP indices (lipid accumulation index) and VAI (visceral obesity index), as well as TG / HDL (TG / HDL). Their ethnic and gender differences were revealed, attempts were made to calculate the cut-off points for these indices.
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Dal Canto E, Farukh B, Faconti L. Why are there ethnic differences in cardio-metabolic risk factors and cardiovascular diseases? JRSM Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 7:2048004018818923. [PMID: 30574299 PMCID: PMC6299297 DOI: 10.1177/2048004018818923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Europe's population is becoming increasingly ethnically diverse, and epidemiological studies indicate that there are remarkable differences in cardio-metabolic risk factors between ethnic groups living in the same area. Variations observed in the distribution of cardiovascular risk factors in these communities may therefore help explain-at least in part-the different burdens on cardiovascular diseases. So far, the underlying pathophysiology leading to ethnic variations in the prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk factors is still poorly understood but it is likely to represent the complex interactions from several innate and environmental factors. Tailored prevention and treatment strategies should therefore be implemented in those "high-risk populations," but data derived from randomized clinical trials are still limited. This article will provide an overview on the role of ethnicity on cardio-metabolic risk factors and cardiovascular diseases, focusing on type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia based mainly on Dutch and British data.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Dal Canto
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B Farukh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
| | - L Faconti
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
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30
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Tan Y, Gong Y, Dong M, Pei Z, Ren J. Role of autophagy in inherited metabolic and endocrine myopathies. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1865:48-55. [PMID: 30343140 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of cardiometabolic disease has reached an exponential rate of rise over the last decades owing to high fat/high caloric diet intake and satiety life style. Although the presence of dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension and obesity mainly contributes to the increased incidence of cardiometabolic diseases, population-based, clinical and genetic studies have revealed a rather important role for inherited myopathies and endocrine disorders in the ever-rising metabolic anomalies. Inherited metabolic and endocrine diseases such as glycogen storage and lysosomal disorders have greatly contributed to the overall prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases. Recent evidence has demonstrated an essential role for proteotoxicity due to autophagy failure and/or dysregulation in the onset of inherited metabolic and endocrine disorders. Given the key role for autophagy in the degradation and removal of long-lived or injured proteins and organelles for the maintenance of cellular and organismal homeostasis, this mini-review will discuss the potential contribution of autophagy dysregulation in the pathogenesis of inherited myopathies and endocrine disorders, which greatly contribute to an overall rise in prevalence of cardiometabolic disorders. Molecular, clinical, and epidemiological aspects will be covered as well as the potential link between autophagy and metabolic anomalies thus target therapy may be engaged for these comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Yan Gong
- The Second Department of Cardiology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330009, China
| | - Maolong Dong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhaohui Pei
- The Second Department of Cardiology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330009, China.
| | - Jun Ren
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
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31
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Christensen RH, Wedell-Neergaard AS, Lehrskov LL, Legård GE, Dorph EB, Nymand S, Ball MK, Zacho M, Christensen R, Ellingsgaard H, Rosenmeier JB, Krogh-Madsen R, Pedersen BK, Karstoft K. The role of exercise combined with tocilizumab in visceral and epicardial adipose tissue and gastric emptying rate in abdominally obese participants: protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2018; 19:266. [PMID: 29720225 PMCID: PMC5932829 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-018-2637-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise reduces the amount of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. The underlying mechanisms responsible for these exercise-induced adaptations are unclear, but they may involve lipolytic actions of interleukin-6 (IL-6). Contracting skeletal muscles secrete IL-6, leading to increased circulating IL-6 levels in response to exercise. The aim of this study is to investigate whether IL-6 is involved in mediating the effects of exercise on visceral and epicardial adipose tissue volume and glycaemic control. METHODS/DESIGN Seventy-five physically inactive males and females aged > 18 years with a waist-to-height ratio > 0.5 and/or waist circumference ≥ 88 cm (females) or ≥ 102 cm (males) are being recruited to participate in a 12-week intervention study. Participants are randomly allocated to one of five groups (1:1:1:1:1). Two groups consist of supervised endurance exercise training combined with the IL-6 blocker tocilizumab (ET) or saline used as placebo (EP), two groups consist of no exercise combined with tocilizumab (NT) or placebo (NP), and one group consists of resistance exercise and placebo (RP). Although the study is an exploratory trial, the primary outcome is change in VAT volume from before to after intervention, with secondary outcomes being changes in (1) epicardial adipose tissue, (2) pericardial adipose tissue and (3) gastric emptying. Depots of adipose tissue are quantitated by magnetic resonance imaging Gastric emptying and glucose metabolism are assessed using mixed-meal tolerance tests. DISCUSSION Understanding the role of IL-6 in mediating the effects of exercise on visceral and epicardial adipose tissue and glycaemic control may lead to novel therapeutic approaches in the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02901496 . Registered on 1 August 2016 and posted retrospectively on 15 September 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regitse Højgaard Christensen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism (CIM) and The Centre for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Anne-Sophie Wedell-Neergaard
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism (CIM) and The Centre for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise Lang Lehrskov
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism (CIM) and The Centre for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Grit Elster Legård
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism (CIM) and The Centre for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emma Berndt Dorph
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism (CIM) and The Centre for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine Nymand
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism (CIM) and The Centre for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Korf Ball
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism (CIM) and The Centre for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Zacho
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism (CIM) and The Centre for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robin Christensen
- Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, F, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Helga Ellingsgaard
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism (CIM) and The Centre for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jaya Birgitte Rosenmeier
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Capital Region of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Krogh-Madsen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism (CIM) and The Centre for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bente Klarlund Pedersen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism (CIM) and The Centre for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristian Karstoft
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism (CIM) and The Centre for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ding Y, Xia BH, Zhang CJ, Zhuo GC. Mitochondrial tRNA Leu(UUR) C3275T, tRNA Gln T4363C and tRNA Lys A8343G mutations may be associated with PCOS and metabolic syndrome. Gene 2017; 642:299-306. [PMID: 29155328 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a very prevalent endocrine disease affecting reproductive women. Clinically, patients with this disorder are more vulnerable to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular events, as well as metabolic syndrome (MetS). To date, the molecular mechanism underlying PCOS remains largely unknown. Previously, we showed that mitochondrial dysfunction caused by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation was an important cause for PCOS. In the current study, we described the clinical and biochemical features of a three-generation pedigree with maternally transmitted MetS, combined with PCOS. A total of three matrilineal relatives exhibited MetS including obesity, high triglyceride (TG) and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, and hypertension. Whereas one patient from the third generation manifestated PCOS. Mutational analysis of the whole mitochondrial genes from the affected individuals identified a set of genetic variations belonging to East Asia haplogroup B4b1c. Among these variants, the homoplasmic C3275T mutation disrupted a highly evolutionary conserved base-pairing (28A-46C) on the variable region of tRNALeu(UUR), whereas the T4363C mutation created a new base-pairing (31T-37A) in the anticodon stem of tRNAGln, furthermore, the A8343G mutation occurred at the very conserved position of tRNALys and may result the failure in mitochondrial tRNAs (mt-tRNAs) metabolism. Biochemical analysis revealed the deficiency in mitochondrial functions including lower levels of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), ATP production and mtDNA copy number, while a significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was observed in polymononuclear leukocytes (PMNs) from the individuals carrying these mt-tRNA mutations, suggesting that these mutations may cause mitochondrial dysfunction that was responsible for the clinical phenotypes. Taken together, our data indicated that mt-tRNA mutations were associated with MetS and PCOS in this family, which shaded additional light into the pathophysiology of PCOS that were manifestated by mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ding
- Central Laboratory, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
| | - Bo-Hou Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Cai-Juan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Guang-Chao Zhuo
- Central Laboratory, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
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