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Kelly NR, Guidinger C, Swan DM, Thivel D, Folger A, Luther GM, Hahn ME. A brief bout of moderate intensity physical activity improves preadolescent children's behavioral inhibition but does not change their energy intake. J Behav Med 2024; 47:692-706. [PMID: 38671287 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-024-00495-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Children in rural communities consume more energy-dense foods relative to their urban peers. Identifying effective interventions for improving energy intake patterns are needed to address these geographic disparities. The primary aim of this study was to harness the benefits of physical activity on children's executive functioning to see if these improvements lead to acute changes in eating behaviors. In a randomized crossover design, 91 preadolescent (8-10y; M age = 9.48 ± 0.85; 50.5% female; 85.7% White, 9.9% Multiracial, 9.9% Hispanic) children (86% rural) completed a 20-minute physical activity condition (moderate intensity walking) and time-matched sedentary condition (reading and/or coloring) ~ 14 days apart. Immediately following each condition, participants completed a behavioral inhibition task and then eating behaviors (total energy intake, relative energy intake, snack intake) were measured during a multi-array buffet test meal. After adjusting for period and order effects, body fat (measured via DXA), and depressive symptoms, participants experienced significant small improvements in their behavioral inhibition following the physical activity versus sedentary condition (p = 0.04, Hedge's g = 0.198). Eating behaviors did not vary by condition, nor did improvements in behavioral inhibition function as a mediator (ps > 0.09). Thus, in preadolescent children, small improvements in behavioral inhibition from physical activity do not produce acute improvements in energy intake. Additional research is needed to clarify whether the duration and/or intensity of physical activity sessions would produce different results in this age group, and whether intervention approaches and corresponding mechanisms of change vary by individual factors, like age and degree of food cue responsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichole R Kelly
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, 1215 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
- The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, 6217 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
| | - Claire Guidinger
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, 1215 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
- The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, 6217 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Daniel M Swan
- The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, 6217 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Austin Folger
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, 1215 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
- The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, 6217 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Gabriella M Luther
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, 1215 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
- The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, 6217 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Michael E Hahn
- Human Physiology, University of Oregon, 1240 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
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Dos Santos Leal K, Pinto da Costa M, Vilela S. Socioeconomic and household framework influences in school-aged children's eating habits: Understanding the parental roles. Appetite 2024; 201:107605. [PMID: 39029528 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Maternal influences on children's diet have been widely studied, while paternal and household frameworks require further research. This study aimed to evaluate how individual, socioeconomic and household characteristics at birth and 7 years (y) impact children's fruit and vegetable (FV) and energy-dense foods (EDF) intake at 10y, distinguishing maternal and paternal effects. The sample included 2750 children evaluated at 7 and 10y in the Portuguese birth cohort Generation XXI. The children's food intake was assessed through a Food Frequency Questionnaire at both ages, where 4 food groups were defined: FV, 'Sweet foods', 'Salty snacks', and 'Soft drinks'. The associations between food intake at 7y, parents' and children's characteristics, and food intake at 10y were evaluated via binary logistic regression models. Offspring of older mothers with higher age and education, who live with siblings and had higher family income were likelier to have 5 servings of FV daily at 10y. Children eating 5 portions/day of FV at 7y had higher odds of keeping this pattern at 10y. Higher maternal age and education, and father's education decreased the odds of having soft drinks daily at 10y. Higher family income was linked with lower odds of weekly salty snacks and daily sweet foods at 10y. In conclusion, parental education, maternal age, living with siblings, and higher family income influenced children's FV and EDF intake at 10y. Mothers' effects appear to impact children's food intake more than fathers'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Dos Santos Leal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Pinto da Costa
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Vilela
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal.
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Dos Santos EA, Cavalheiro LAM, Rodrigues D, Machado-Rodrigues A, Silva MR, Nogueira H, Padez C. Are sun exposure time, dietary patterns, and vitamin D intake related to the socioeconomic status of Portuguese children? Am J Hum Biol 2024:e24109. [PMID: 38804593 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association among sun exposure time, vitamin D intake, dietary patterns, and socioeconomic status in Portuguese children. METHODS Participants aged 3-11 years (50.1% females) were recruited from public and private schools (n = 118) in the districts of Coimbra (n = 2980), Lisbon (n = 3066), and Porto (n = 2426). Parents reported their children's daily sun exposure time during the summer season and reported children's food consumption, including vitamin D food sources, using standardized questionnaires. Parents' education level was used as a proxy measure to the socioeconomic status (SES). The principal component factor analysis (PCA) method was used to identify dietary patterns. The eight dietary patterns identified were labeled in: "fast food", "rich in vitamin D", "sugary drinks", "vitamin D", "candies", "supplements", "rich in calcium" and "vegetables/healthy". Linear regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between sun exposure time and dietary patterns according to SES. RESULTS A total of 4755 children were included. Children from high SES had significantly longer sun exposure time (p < .001) and more frequently consumed vitamin D supplements (p < .001). "Fast food" pattern showed a negative association with sun exposure time in medium and high SES (p = .014 and p < .001, respectively). CONCLUSION Children with lower SES spend less time exposed to the sun, consume fewer dietary sources of vitamin D, and consume more foods rich in fat and sugar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabete A Dos Santos
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Rodrigues
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Maria-Raquel Silva
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre-Group of Sleep, Chronobiology and Sleep Disorders-Nova Medical School, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Helena Nogueira
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, Department of Geography and Tourism, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cristina Padez
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Katsimpris A, Antoniadis AG, Dessypris N, Karampinos K, Gogas HJ, Petridou ET. Associations of Dietary Factors with Cutaneous Melanoma: A Case-Control Study in Greece with Literature Review. Oncol Res Treat 2024; 47:206-217. [PMID: 38471487 PMCID: PMC11078323 DOI: 10.1159/000538278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It has been postulated that nutrition may influence the risk for cutaneous melanoma (CM); therefore, we aimed to assess the associations of food groups and individual nutrient intakes with CM in a Greek population. METHODS In this case-control study, 151 patients with histologically confirmed CM, newly diagnosed and treated in the Oncology Department of the "Laikon" University Hospital (Athens, Greece), and 151 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals residing in the Athens metropolitan area, recruited among participants for routine health examinations, were included. All participants completed a questionnaire comprising anthropometric measurements, sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health-related variables. A validated, semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess average consumption of 136 food items during the 12 months preceding the onset of disease. Multivariate conditional regression models were used to derive odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) regarding the association of nine food groups and seven macronutrients with CM. RESULTS Statistically significant positive associations with CM were found with higher energy intake (OR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.22-2.30) and intake of saturated fatty acids (OR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.00-5.28), after adjusting for sun sensitivity, major depression history, and alcohol intake. Inverse associations with higher intake of milk and dairy products (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.48-0.88), fruits (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.51-0.90), added lipids (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.47-0.91), and sugars and syrups (OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.53-0.93) were also observed. CONCLUSIONS Beyond intrinsic risk factors, our results support associations of CM with multiple food groups and nutrients; if confirmed by prospective studies, these findings can add further knowledge about this fatal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonios G. Antoniadis
- First Department of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, Greece
| | - Nick Dessypris
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Karampinos
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, Greece
| | - Helen J. Gogas
- First Department of Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, Greece
| | - Eleni T. Petridou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, Greece
- Hellenic Society for Social Pediatrics and Health Promotion, Athens, Greece
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Raudeniece J, Vanags E, Justamente I, Skara D, Fredriksen PM, Brownlee I, Reihmane D. Relations between the levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity, BMI, dietary habits, cognitive functions and attention problems in 8 to 9 years old pupils: network analysis (PACH Study). BMC Public Health 2024; 24:544. [PMID: 38383413 PMCID: PMC10882845 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18055-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) and dietary habits (DH) play a crucial role on quality of life and health outcomes from various aspects. METHODS This study aims to investigate the relations between recommended daily levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in 8 to 9 year old pupils, and their body mass index (BMI), DH, cognitive functions and attention problem scores by network analysis. Study participants were split into two groups based on their MVPA levels on weekdays. RESULTS Our findings suggest that children who reach recommended MVPA levels consume more vegetables and fruits, eat breakfast more frequently, have better motor speed and lower impulsivity score. CONCLUSIONS The number of interlinkages between various parameters in network structure for children who do not reach recommended MVPA levels is greater and more intense, highlighting the differences between the groups and suggesting that different interventions and approaches to improve/change lifestyle habits might be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Raudeniece
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
- Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Riga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Edmunds Vanags
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Art, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Ilze Justamente
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
- Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Riga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Dana Skara
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Art, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Per Morten Fredriksen
- Department of Biotechology, Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, 2318, Hamar, Norway
| | - Iain Brownlee
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Dace Reihmane
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia.
- Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Riga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia.
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Paulsen MM, Myhre JB, Totland TH, Andersen LF. Discretionary foods and drinks in Norwegian children and adolescents' diet: data from the national dietary survey Ungkost 3. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:2629-2640. [PMID: 37721223 PMCID: PMC10755417 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023001982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify the amount of discretionary foods and drinks consumed by Norwegian children and adolescents, describe how such products contribute to the intake of total energy and nutrients, and study the distribution in intake of discretionary foods and drinks across different meals. Secondly, the aim was to explore factors associated with those children and adolescents having the highest consumption of discretionary foods and drinks. DESIGN Secondary analysis of data from a national survey of dietary intake among Norwegian children and adolescents. SETTING Schools in fifty randomly selected municipalities in Norway. PARTICIPANTS The study population included 636 pupils in 4th grade (9-11 years) and 687 pupils in 8th grade (12-14 years). RESULTS Discretionary foods and drinks contributed to about 20 % of the children and adolescents' total energy intake. These products contributed to about two-thirds of the participants' intake of added sugar, and limited amounts of dietary fibre, vitamins and minerals. The quartile which had the lowest proportion of their energy intake from discretionary foods and drinks seemed to have a higher intake of whole grains, and fish and seafood. CONCLUSIONS Almost all 4th and 8th graders in Norway consumed discretionary foods and drinks, and these products contributed to a substantial proportion of the total energy intake and limited amounts of nutrients. Those children and adolescents consuming the least discretionary foods and drinks had a higher intake of whole grains, fish and seafood, indicating healthier and more sustainable food habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Mohn Paulsen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Post Box 1110 Blindern, Oslo, 0317, Norway
| | - Jannicke Borch Myhre
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Post Box 1110 Blindern, Oslo, 0317, Norway
| | - Torunn Holm Totland
- Physical Health and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, 0213, Norway
| | - Lene Frost Andersen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Post Box 1110 Blindern, Oslo, 0317, Norway
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Allen TS, Doede AL, King CM, Pacheco LS, Talavera GA, Denenberg JO, Eastman AS, Criqui MH, Allison MA. Nutritional Avocado Intervention Improves Physical Activity Measures in Hispanic/Latino Families: A Cluster RCT. AJPM FOCUS 2023; 2:100145. [PMID: 37941823 PMCID: PMC10628653 DOI: 10.1016/j.focus.2023.100145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Nutrition and physical activity are key components for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. There remains a paucity of trial data on the effect of specific nutritional interventions on physical activity and sedentary time. One question is how a common nutrient-dense food such as avocado may impact physical activity and sedentary time in Hispanic/Latino families, a group that reports the lowest levels of physical activity. Design This is a 6-month clustered RCT. Setting/participants Seventy-two families (235 individuals) who identified as Hispanic/Latino were enrolled through the San Ysidro Health Center (San Diego, CA) between April 2017 and June 2018. Intervention After a 2-week run-in period, 35 families were randomized to the intervention arm (14 avocados/family/week), and 37 families were assigned to the control arm (3 avocados/family/week). Main outcome measures Linear mixed-effects models were used to assess changes in physical activity (MET minutes per week) between the groups during the 6-month trial. Secondary outcomes included sedentary time (minutes/week), BMI, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Results An adherence goal of >80% was achieved for both arms. Total mean physical activity increased by 2,197 MET minutes per week more in the intervention group (p<0.01) than in the control group, driven by between-group differences in moderate (p<0.01) versus vigorous (p=0.06) physical activity. After accounting for longitudinal repeated measures per participant and nested family effects, total adult physical activity remained significantly higher in the intervention than in the control group (+1,163 MET minutes per week on average per participant), with a significant intervention interaction term (p<0.01). There were no significant changes in sedentary time, BMI, or blood pressure. Conclusions Higher allocation of avocados was associated with significantly higher physical activity and no adverse changes in BMI or blood pressure, suggesting that this nutritional intervention may have beneficial pleiotropic effects.Trial registration: This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02903433.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Shrout Allen
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Aubrey L. Doede
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Colin M.B. King
- School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Lorena S. Pacheco
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Julie O. Denenberg
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Amelia S. Eastman
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Michael H. Criqui
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Matthew A. Allison
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Van Hese I, Goossens K, Vandaele L, Ampe B, Haegeman A, Opsomer G. The effect of maternal supply of rumen-protected protein to Holstein Friesian cows during the dry period on the transfer of passive immunity and colostral microbial composition. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:8723-8745. [PMID: 37678775 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze if maternal supply of rumen-protected protein during the dry period can affect the IgG concentration and microbial composition of colostrum and the IgG absorption and fecal microbial composition in the calf. Seventy-four multiparous Holstein Friesian (HF) dairy cows were stratified per parity and randomly assigned to one of 2 different dry period diets, a diet with a low crude protein (CP) level (LP) and a diet with a high CP level (HP) by addition of rumen-undegraded protein (RUP; formaldehyde-treated soybean meal, Mervobest, Nuscience, Drongen, Belgium). Colostrum was collected within 1 h after calving and IgG concentration was quantified by radial immunodiffusion analysis. Forty-nine calves (23 female and 26 male) were enrolled in the trial with a 2 × 2 factorial design, with prenatal and postnatal treatment as the 2 independent variables. This led to 4 experimental groups: LPLP, LPHP, HPLP, and HPHP, in which the first 2 letters refer to the prenatal treatment (diet of the dam) and the last 2 refer to the postnatal treatment (diet of the colostrum-producing cow). Calves received 3× 2 L of colostrum within 2, 6, and 24 h after birth. Meconium and feces were collected solely from female calves (n = 18) by digital palpation of the rectum, immediately after birth and before colostrum administration and at d 3 of age. Microbial DNA was extracted from meconium (n = 9), feces (n = 15), and colostrum (n = 49). Amplicon sequencing of the bacterial V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was performed for characterization of the bacterial communities. Colostrum IgG concentration was higher in cows that were supplemented with RUP, especially in cows entering their second lactation (LSM ± SEM 61.3 ± 2.3 vs. 55.2 ± 2.8 g of IgG/L). Calves born out of LP cows that received colostrum from HP cows (LPHP) had a lower serum IgG level compared with HPHP and LPLP calves (LSM ± SEM 14.2 ± 1.3 vs. 18.8 ± 1.2 and 20.9 ± 1.3 g of IgG/L in HPHP and LPLP, respectively). The most abundant phyla in colostrum were Proteobacteria (48.2%), Firmicutes (24.8%), Bacteroidetes (9.5%), and Actinobacteria (5.0%). The most abundant phyla in calf meconium and feces were Firmicutes (42.5 and 47.5%), Proteobacteria (21.7% and 33.7%), Bacteroidetes (16.8% and 15.7%), and Actinobacteria (2.9% and 3.1%). There was no difference in the overall microbial communities between colostrum from HP and LP cows. However, 2 genera (both members of the family Lachnospiraceae) were more abundant in colostrum from HP cows compared with LP cows. The microbial composition of meconium, feces and colostrum differed from each other. Fecal samples were more similar to each other and are characterized by a lower intersample diversity compared with colostrum and meconium samples. To conclude, increasing the CP level by addition of RUP in the dry period diet affected the colostrum IgG concentration and the transfer of passive immunity, but did not change the overall microbial composition of colostrum nor of meconium and feces in the calf.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Van Hese
- Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Burgemeester Van Gansberghelaan, Merelbeke, Belgium 9820; Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan, Merelbeke, Belgium 9820.
| | - K Goossens
- Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Burgemeester Van Gansberghelaan, Merelbeke, Belgium 9820.
| | - L Vandaele
- Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Burgemeester Van Gansberghelaan, Merelbeke, Belgium 9820
| | - B Ampe
- Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Burgemeester Van Gansberghelaan, Merelbeke, Belgium 9820
| | - A Haegeman
- Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Burgemeester Van Gansberghelaan, Merelbeke, Belgium 9820
| | - G Opsomer
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan, Merelbeke, Belgium 9820
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Ilić A, Rumbak I, Brečić R, Colić Barić I, Bituh M. Three-Year School-Based Multicomponent Intervention May Change Fruit and Vegetable Preferences in Primary School Children-A Quasi-Randomized Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:3505. [PMID: 37630695 PMCID: PMC10457900 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Preference could be the trigger for fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption in children and could be modified by appropriate intervention to increase the acceptance of FVs. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the three-year school-based multicomponent intervention "Nutri-školica" on the FV preferences of primary school children. It also aimed to explore whether a positive change in FV preferences could lead to an increase in actual FV consumption. The study was conducted in 14 primary schools from the city of Zagreb on 193 children (52.3% boys; age, 7.7 ± 0.4 years; n = 85 in the control group and n = 108 in the intervention group) who completed a preference questionnaire before and after the intervention with a 5-point hedonic smiley-face scale, where 5 means "I like it a lot." The per-protocol approach was used for data analysis (28.3% of children from the study sample). After the intervention, children in the intervention group (before: 3.1 ± 0.8; after: 3.5 ± 0.8) increased their FV preferences significantly more than children in the control group (before: 3.2 ± 0.8; after: 3.3 ± 0.7). Children's FV preferences changed most toward the varieties for which they had the least preferences at the beginning of the study. Participation in the intervention had a stronger effect on changing FV intake than change in FV preferences among primary school children. In summary, the present study highlighted that a targeted intervention can increase children's FV preferences, but that participation in the intervention is substantial for increasing FV intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ilić
- Department of Food Quality Control, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pijerottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.I.); (I.C.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Ivana Rumbak
- Department of Food Quality Control, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pijerottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.I.); (I.C.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Ružica Brečić
- Department of Marketing, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zagreb, Trg J.F. Kennedy 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Irena Colić Barić
- Department of Food Quality Control, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pijerottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.I.); (I.C.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Martina Bituh
- Department of Food Quality Control, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pijerottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.I.); (I.C.B.); (M.B.)
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Ferreira P, Warkentin S, Oliveira A. Appetitive traits and food groups consumption in school-aged children: prospective associations from the Generation XXI birth cohort. Eat Weight Disord 2023; 28:67. [PMID: 37542554 PMCID: PMC10404169 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-023-01586-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Appetite can influence children's dietary choices; however, this relationship in school-aged children is still unclear. We aimed to explore the prospective associations between child appetitive traits at age 7 and food consumption at 10 years of age. METHODS The study included 3860 children from the Generation XXI birth cohort, recruited in 2005/2006 in Porto, Portugal. The Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire was used to evaluate children's appetitive traits at 7 years. Food consumption was measured at 10 years through a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. Logistic regression models were performed and adjusted for possible confounders. RESULTS Children with greater Enjoyment of Food at 7 years were 36% more likely to eat fruits ≥ 2 times/day and 54% more likely to eat vegetables > 2.5 times/day at 10 years compared to those with less frequent consumption. Children who ate more in response to negative emotions had higher odds of consuming energy-dense foods (OR = 1.33; 99% CI 1.13-1.58) and salty snacks (OR = 1.28; 99% CI 1.08-1.51) 3 years later. Those with less ability to adjust intake (higher Satiety Responsiveness) and more selective about foods (higher Food Fussiness) at 7 years were less likely to consume vegetables frequently, and were more likely to consume energy-dense foods and sugar-sweetened beverages. CONCLUSIONS Children's appetitive traits at 7 years were associated with the consumption of several food groups at 10 years of age. Eating more in response to negative emotions (Emotional Eating), with less ability to adjust intake (Satiety Responsiveness) and more food selectivity (Food Fussiness) were associated with worse dietary choices (in general, lower fruit and vegetables, and higher energy-dense foods and sugar-sweetened beverages consumption). LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Ferreira
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], University of Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health [ITR], University of Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sarah Warkentin
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], University of Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health [ITR], University of Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Oliveira
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto [Institute of Public Health, University of Porto], University of Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal.
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health [ITR], University of Porto, Rua das Taipas nº135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
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11
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Gupta A, Rana K, Gupta M, Kaur M, Khanna P. Effect of health promotion interventions on small portion size consumption behavior among college students. Indian J Public Health 2023; 67:435-441. [PMID: 37929387 DOI: 10.4103/ijph.ijph_103_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Large food portion size is contributing toward overweight and obesity rates and has been found directly proportional to increase in portion size. Objectives The study was done to see the effect of health promotion intervention on small portion size consumption behavior using multitheory model (MTM). Materials and Methods A quasi-experimental study was conducted among students of age groups 18 - 21 years in two different colleges from North India between 2019 to 2020. About 150 participants in the intervention group as well as control group were selected and health promotion intervention in the form of motivational group counseling, one-to-one counseling, Power Point presentations, lectures, and messages were given to participants in intervention group. Difference in difference of proportions for meal consumption behavior and the difference in the difference of means for body mass index, waist-hip ratio and for constructs of MTM for portion size consumption behavior were calculated. Paired t-test was used to test the significance between the continuous variables. Results There was a significant reduction (46% vs. 11%, P < 0.001) in proportion of participants consuming large portion-sized meals in the intervention group as compared to the control group. The mean change in constructs (participatory dialogues,behavioral confidence, change in physical environment, emotional transformation and practice for change) for portion size consumption behavior of participants in the intervention and control groups at base line and end line was found statistically significant. Conclusion MTM is a useful tool for health promotion and health education to predict the initiation and sustenance of health behavior change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Gupta
- Senior Resident, Department of Community Medicine, Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri Government Medical College and Hospital, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Kirtan Rana
- Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Madhu Gupta
- Professor, Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manmeet Kaur
- Professor, Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Poonam Khanna
- Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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12
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Domaradzki J. The Discriminant Power of Specific Physical Activity and Dietary Behaviors to Distinguish between Lean, Normal and Excessive Fat Groups in Late Adolescents. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051230. [PMID: 36904229 PMCID: PMC10005529 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) and dietary behaviors (DBs) are crucial determinants of body mass composition. This work is a continuation of the previous study of PA and DBs patterns in late adolescents. The main aim of this work was to assess the discriminant power of PA and dietary behaviors and to identify the set of variables that discriminated participants with low, normal, and excessive fat the most. The results were also canonical classification functions that can allow the classification of individuals into adequate groups. A total of 107 individuals (48.6% male) participated in examinations, which used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and Questionnaire of Eating Behaviors (QEB) to assess PA and DBs. The participants self-reported body height, body weight, and BFP, with the accuracy of the data confirmed and empirically verified. Analyses included the metabolic equivalent task (MET) minutes of PA domains and intensity, and indices of healthy and non-healthy DBs, calculated as a sum of the intake frequency of specific food items. At the beginning, Pearson's r-coefficients and chi-squared tests were calculated to study various relationships between variables, while the main considerations were based on discriminant analyses conducted to determine the set of variables with the most power to distinguish between lean, normal, and excessive body fat groups of participants. Results showed weak relationships between PA domains and strong relationships between PA intensity, sitting time, and DBs. Vigorous and moderate PA intensity related positively to healthy behaviors (r = 0.14, r = 0.27, p < 0.05), while sitting time related negatively to unhealthy DBs (r = -0.16). Sankey diagrams illustrated that lean persons displayed healthy DBs and low sitting time, while those with excessive fat had non-healthy DBs spent more time sitting. The variables that effectively distinguished between the groups include active transport and leisure time domains alongside low-intensity PA, represented by walking intensity and healthy dietary behaviors. The first three variables participated significantly in the optimal discriminant subset (p = 0.002, p = 0.010, p = 0.01, respectively). The discriminant power of the optimal subset (contained four above-mentioned variables) was average (Wilk's Λ = 0.755) and determined that weak relationships between PA domains and DBs resulted from heterogeneous behaviors and mixed patterns of behaviors. Identifying the trajectory of the frequency flow through specific PA and DBs allowed for well-designed tailored intervention programs to improve healthy habits in adolescents. Therefore, identifying the set of variables that discriminate the most between lean, normal, and excessive fat groups is a suitable target for intervention. The practical achievements are canonical classification functions that can be used to classify (predict) participants in groups based on the three the most discriminating PA and DB variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Domaradzki
- Department of Biostructure, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wrocław, Poland
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13
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Moradell A, Santaliestra-Pasías AM, Aparicio-Ugarriza R, Huybrechts I, Bertalanné Szommer A, Forsner M, González-Gross M, Kafatos A, Androutsos O, Michels N, Sjöström M, Vanhelst J, Widhalm K, Gutierrez A, Moreno LA. Are Physical Activity and Sedentary Screen Time Levels Associated With Food Consumption in European Adolescents? The HELENA Study. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2023; 42:55-66. [PMID: 35512776 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2021.1978900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
One of the current main public health problems is the prevalence of obesity in children. Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors such as poor dietary habits, high sedentary screen time (SST), and low levels of physical activity (PA) have a strong tendency to track from childhood into adulthood. The aim of this manuscript is to assess the association between meeting or not meeting the PA and SST recommendations and the consumption of different food groups. Data were obtained from a sample of European adolescents from the multicenter cross-sectional HELENA study. In all, 1448 adolescents from 8 cities were included. PA was objectively measured by accelerometry and dietary intake by 24-hour dietary records. Adolescents were grouped according to PA and SST recommendations. In both sexes, intake of savory snacks was higher in those groups who did not meet any of the recommendations (p < 0.05). For males, those who met both recommendations were more likely to drink/eat milk, yogurt, and water (p < 0.05). Those not meeting recommendations were more likely to drink sugar-sweetened beverages (p < 0.05). For females, those not meeting recommendations were less likely to eat fruits and vegetables and more likely to have a higher intake of fats and oils (p < 0.05). Those adolescents meeting PA and SST recommendations had a higher intake of healthy foods, like fruit and vegetables and dairy products. However, the negative relationship unhealthier food and SST is stronger in males independently of PA. More studies assessing the combined effect of both PA and SST regarding dietary habits in children and adolescents are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Moradell
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alba M Santaliestra-Pasías
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Raquel Aparicio-Ugarriza
- ImFine Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Maria Forsner
- School of Education, Health and Social Sciences, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
- Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marcela González-Gross
- ImFine Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences-Nutritional Physiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anthony Kafatos
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Ilioupolis, Athens, Greece
| | - Odysseas Androutsos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | | | - Michael Sjöström
- Unit for Preventive Nutrition, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition at NOVUM, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jeremy Vanhelst
- CHU Lille, Lille Inflammation Research International Center LIRIC-UMR, University Lille, Lille, France
- CHU Lille, Clinical Investigation Center, CIC-1403-Inserm-CHU, University Lille, Lille, France
| | - Kurt Widhalm
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics, Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Angel Gutierrez
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Luis A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Bakaloudi DR, Barazzoni R, Bischoff SC, Breda J, Wickramasinghe K, Chourdakis M. Impact of the first COVID-19 lockdown on body weight: A combined systematic review and a meta-analysis. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:3046-3054. [PMID: 34049749 PMCID: PMC8056819 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the imposed lockdowns in order to control the pandemic, had undoubtedly influenced the lifestyle of millions of people worldwide. The period of confinement, which was characterized by seizing most business activities and allowing only for e-classes at schools and universities, leading also to a lower physical activity, could have affected eating behaviors of people of all ages. In this study we aimed to investigate the impact of the first lockdown period (March-May 2020) on body weight (BW) and on body mass index (BMI) in both adults and adolescents (>16 years old). A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed®, Scopus®, Web of Science® and EMBASE® databases and 36 observational (35 cross-sectional and one cohort) studies were included. BW and BMI changes after/during the lockdown period were examined. BW was stated as increased in a significant part of the individuals (11.1-72.4%), although a range of 7.2-51.4% of individuals reported weight loss. A significant higher BW was observed with a weighted mean between-group difference (WMD) 1.57 (95% CI 1.01 to 2.14) in the post-lockdown period compared to the before lockdown time and higher BMI, 0.31 WMD (95% CI, 0.17 to 0.45) was identified before the lockdown period. At variance with general trends, one study in older adults (>60 years old) notably reported a significant BW loss, suggesting a higher risk for lockdown-induced weight loss and potentially malnutrition in the elderly population. Overall increments in BW are an alarming effect of lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to potential higher incidence of overweight, obesity and related health-risks as well as other noncommunicable diseases. Further studies are needed to assess potential group-specific impacts, with particular regard to weight gain in younger people and risk of weight loss, malnutrition and sarcopenia in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Rafailia Bakaloudi
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Rocco Barazzoni
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stephan C. Bischoff
- University of Hohenheim, Department of Nutritional Medicine, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joao Breda
- Division of Country Health Policies and Systems, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Russian Federation
| | - Kremlin Wickramasinghe
- WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of NCDs, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Michail Chourdakis
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece,Corresponding author. Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, University Campus, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
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15
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Grams L, Nelius AK, Pastor GG, Sillero-Quintana M, Veiga ÓL, Homeyer D, Kück M. Comparison of Adherence to Mediterranean Diet between Spanish and German School-Children and Influence of Gender, Overweight, and Physical Activity. Nutrients 2022; 14:4697. [PMID: 36364959 PMCID: PMC9655044 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor dietary habits and low levels of physical activity (PA) have a strong tendency to track from childhood into adulthood. The Mediterranean Diet (MD) is known to be extremely healthy, associated with lower BMI and a lower risk of obesity in children and adolescents. Therefore, adherence to the MD was compared between Spanish (n = 182) and German (n = 152) children aged 10 to 13 years to examine a possible more "westernized" diet in Spain with a non-Mediterranean country, that traditionally prefers a "Western diet" and to determine the association between adherence to the MD and gender, body composition, and PA levels. METHODS In the German observational longitudinal cohort study and the Spanish cohort study, body composition and questionnaires (KIDMED, Diet Quality (IAES)) were obtained, and accelerometers (Actigraph) were applied to detect PA. RESULTS Girls had higher BMI-standard deviation score (SDS) than boys and Spanish girls were less active than boys. Differences were detected in MD habits, such as favorable fruit-, vegetables-, fish-intakes, and dairy products in Spanish children and unfavorable consumptions of fast food, processed bakery goods, candies, and sweet beverages in German children. Independently of country, girls, children with lower BMI-SDS and children with higher PA level were related with better diet quality. CONCLUSION Spanish children showed higher adherence to MD and diet quality (IAES) compared to German children, but there was a trend toward a more "westernized" diet. Gender, body composition, and PA influenced nutrition regardless of country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Grams
- Faculty of Science, Physical Activity and Sports (INEF), Technical University of Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne-Katrin Nelius
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Guadalupe Garrido Pastor
- Faculty of Science, Physical Activity and Sports (INEF), Technical University of Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Sillero-Quintana
- Faculty of Science, Physical Activity and Sports (INEF), Technical University of Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Óscar L. Veiga
- Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Denise Homeyer
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Momme Kück
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Increasing Fruit and Vegetable Intake of Primary School Children in a Quasi-Randomized Trial: Evaluation of the Three-Year School-Based Multicomponent Intervention. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194197. [PMID: 36235849 PMCID: PMC9571246 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Insufficient consumption of fruit and vegetables was found in primary school children. To address this problem, a three-year school-based multicomponent intervention was conducted in 14 primary schools in the City of Zagreb. The aim of the study was therefore to evaluate one of the primary goals of the intervention—the increase in fruit and vegetable intake among primary school children. A total of 681 children were allocated to the intervention (n = 300 in the control group and n = 381 in the intervention group). The intervention included 23 interactive classroom workshops, 10 cross-curricular activities, 13 homework challenges, visual exposure with educational posters in classrooms, parent education via the website, and the implementation of new dishes into the school food system. Fruit and vegetable intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire at baseline and after the intervention. Data were analyzed by per-protocol analysis. The study involved 259 children (50.2% girls; age 7.7 ± 0.4 years; n = 116 in the control group and n = 143 in the intervention group) who completed a food intake frequency questionnaire at both time points. Children in the intervention group showed a significant increase (p < 0.001) in total daily fruit and vegetable intake (before: 332.1 ± 164.9 g; after: 430.1 ± 186.7 g) compared to the control group (before: 350.2 ± 187.5; after: 382.6 ± 196.8) after the intervention. The increase in fruit and vegetable intake was achieved in 89% of children, while 25% more children reached the daily recommendation of 400 g. The use of the multicomponent intervention showed potential to increase fruit and vegetable intake in primary school children.
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Alwafi H, Alwafi R, Naser AY, Samannodi M, Aboraya D, Salawati E, Alqurashi A, Ekram R, Alzahrani AR, Aldhahir AM, Assaggaf H, Almatrafi M. The Impact of Social Media Influencers on Food Consumption in Saudi Arabia, a Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey. J Multidiscip Healthc 2022; 15:2129-2139. [PMID: 36177474 PMCID: PMC9514775 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s384523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies investigating the impact of social media influencers on food consumption are limited. Therefore, this study explores the influence of social media on people’s health choices to understand the consequences of food consumption among the Saudi community. Patients and Methods A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted in Saudi Arabia between 24 June and 20 July 2021. A convenience sample of eligible participants was used to recruit the study participants. A 32-items questionnaire was distributed via social media platforms (Facebook, Twitter, Snapchat, and Instagram). In addition, significant predictors of people being affected by social media to change diet and living with obesity were determined using binary logistic regression. Results A total of 1124 participants were involved in this study. More than half of them (57.8%) were females and aged below 40 years (57.4%). The study participants’ median body mass index (BMI) was 27.4 kg/m2 (IQR: 23.5–32.5). Around one-third of the study participants (36.6%) reported following influencers on social media. The median attitude score for the study participants was 15.00 (IQR: 1.00–27.00) out of 72, equal to 20.8%, which highlights that social media influence the diet of around one-fifth of the study participants. Males were less likely to be affected by social media than females (OR: 0.51; (95% CI: 0.40–0.65). Participants with obesity and participants who had tried a diet to lose weight were more likely to be affected by social media, with odds ratios of 2.14, and 4.83, respectively. Followers of social media influencers were 10-folds more likely to be affected by social media than others. Conclusion This study showed that social media might influence the food consumption manner in the Saudi population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Alwafi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Abidiyah, P.O.Box 13578, Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia.,Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham Alwafi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah Y Naser
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Samannodi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Abidiyah, P.O.Box 13578, Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia Aboraya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad Salawati
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rakan Ekram
- School of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah R Alzahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Abidiyah, P.O.Box 13578, Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulelah M Aldhahir
- Respiratory Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamza Assaggaf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Almatrafi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Kołota A, Głąbska D. Analysis of Association between Adolescents' Food Habits and Body Mass Change in a Population-Based Sample: Diet and Activity of Youth during COVID-19 (DAY-19) Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191811772. [PMID: 36142043 PMCID: PMC9517231 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic may have contributed to food habit changes, including some negative ones that may increase the risk of overweight and obesity. The aim of the study was to analyze the association between adolescents' food habits, body mass change, as well as physical activity level in a population-based sample within the Diet and Activity of Youth during COVID-19 (DAY-19) Study. The DAY-19 Study was conducted in a cohort of 1333 students (aged 10-16 years) recruited in schools after stratified random quota sampling of primary schools (sampling counties within voivodeships and schools within counties) in June 2020. The food habits were assessed for the period of the COVID-19 pandemic and the period before the COVID-19 pandemic while using Adolescent Food Habits Checklist (AFHC). The body mass changes were assessed based on body weight and height for the period of the COVID-19 pandemic and the period before the COVID-19 pandemic while using Polish growth reference values. The physical activity changes were assessed based on the subjective assessment of adolescents. It was stated that for female adolescents declaring body mass gain during the COVID-19 pandemic the highest AFHC purchase scores (healthy purchase habits) (p < 0.0001) were accompanied by the lowest AFHC consumption score (unhealthy consumption habits) (p < 0.0001), as well as for female adolescents declaring physical activity decrease during the COVID-19 pandemic the highest AFHC purchase scores (healthy purchase habits) were observed (p = 0.0333). It was stated that for male adolescents declaring physical activity increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, the highest AFHC consumption scores (healthy consumption habits) were observed (p = 0.0003). In the case of a majority of participants, the general food habits were unchanged, which was observed mainly for food habits associated with food preparation. More food habits changes associated with the COVID-19 pandemic resulting in body mass changes were observed in females than in male adolescents. Body mass gain during the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents may have resulted from unhealthy consumption habits, accompanied by decreased physical activity, in spite of the fact that this sub-group presented healthy purchase habits, which was observed especially for female adolescents.
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Salahshoornezhad S, Sohrabi Z, Mani A, Abdelbasset WK, Mehrabi M, Zare M, Mehrabani S, Gerami S, Haghighat N, Akbarzadeh M, Nouri M. Effect of a multi-disciplinary program on anthropometric and biochemical parameters in obese and overweight elementary school girls: A randomized clinical trial. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:1982-1989. [PMID: 35610083 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Obesity and overweight in children are associated with an increased risk of several health issues. The present study aimed to assess the effects of a multi-disciplinary program (including nutrition education using a smartphone game, physical activity, and cognitive behavioral therapy [CBT]) on the management of obesity and overweight in elementary school girls. METHODS AND RESULTS Sixty-two school girls above the 85th percentile of body mass index (BMI) for age were randomly assigned to two groups. During 10 weeks of study, the intervention group received a multi-disciplinary intervention, including nutrition education using a smartphone game, aerobic exercise, and CBT. The control group received usual traditional nutritional education. Biochemical and metabolic factors were assessed, including fasting blood sugar (FBS), lipid profile, serum leptin, and anthropometric measurements. The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) and metabolic equivalent test (MET) were also conducted. The intervention group showed more promising results in weight loss, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and FBS compared to the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, MET and DEBQ scores in all three sections of emotions, stimuli, and restriction were better in the intervention group than in the control group (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between groups regarding the results of serum leptin and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR; p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that education through smartphone games could possibly affect performance in real life. In addition, the multi-disciplinary approach to childhood obesity might have better performance in most areas than the single-intervention approach in obesity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Salahshoornezhad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Zahra Sohrabi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Arash Mani
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Manoosh Mehrabi
- Department of E-learning in Medical Sciences, Virtual School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Morteza Zare
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Sanaz Mehrabani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Shirin Gerami
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Neda Haghighat
- Laparoscopy Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Marzieh Akbarzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Insulin Resistance in Adults: A before and after Pandemic Lockdown Longitudinal Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142795. [PMID: 35889752 PMCID: PMC9319232 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a chronic disease caused by the accumulation of fat in the liver related to overweight and obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and high levels of triglycerides and leads to an increased cardiovascular risk. It is considered a global pandemic, coinciding with the pandemic in 2020 caused by the “coronavirus disease 2019” (COVID-19). Due to COVID-19, the population was placed under lockdown. The aim of our study was to evaluate how these unhealthy lifestyle modifications influenced the appearance of metabolic alterations and the increase in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods: A prospective study was carried out on 6236 workers in a Spanish population between March 2019 and March 2021. Results: Differences in the mean values of anthropometric and clinical parameters before and after lockdown were revealed. There was a statistically significant worsening in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and in the insulin resistance scales, with increased body weight, BMI, cholesterol levels with higher LDL levels, and glucose and a reduction in HDL levels. Conclusions: Lockdown caused a worsening of cardiovascular risk factors due to an increase in liver fat estimation scales and an increased risk of presenting with NAFLD and changes in insulin resistance.
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Body Composition and Nutrients Dietary Intake Changes during COVID-19 Lockdown in Spanish Healthy Postmenopausal Women. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2022; 12:631-638. [PMID: 35735468 PMCID: PMC9221734 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe12060047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: During the COVID-19 lockdown, high rates of physical inactivity and dietary imbalances were reported in both adults and adolescents. Physical separation and isolation not only have a significant impact on the performance of physical activity but also affect people’s lives, particularly their dietary habits. In the present study, we aimed to examine whether or not bioelectrical impedance-derived body composition parameters and dietary habits were affected during the pandemic-associated lockdown in postmenopausal Spanish women. (2) Methods: Sixty-six women participated in the study (58.7 ± 5.4 years) before (between July−October 2019) and after (August−October 2020) the lockdown, which occurred as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. Body composition parameters were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis while dietary intake of proteins, fat, carbohydrates, and energy was measured by a food frequency questionnaire. (3) Results Regarding body composition, no differences were observed in fat mass in % (mean increase 0.05 (2.74); p = 0.567), fat mass in kg (mean increase −0.07 (4.137); p = 0.356) or lean mass in kg (mean increase 0.20 (1.424); p = 0.636). Similarly, no statistically significant differences were observed between the two study periods for any of the nutrients studied, nor for energy intake (p > 0.05 in all cases). (4) Conclusions: After comprehensively assessing body composition and dietary intake of protein, fat, carbohydrates, and energy before and after COVID-19 lockdown in healthy adult women in Spain no changes in the parameters studied were observed during the period analyzed in the women examined.
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22
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Ren X, Larsen SC, Lauritzen L, Olsen NJ, Rohde JF, Specht IO, Heitmann BL. Association between intake of marine fat and adiposity development among 2-6 year old children: Substitution analyses from the Healthy Start intervention study. Nutrition 2022; 103-104:111775. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Shatwan IM, Aljefree NM, Almoraie NM. Snacking pattern of college students in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nutr 2022; 8:49. [PMID: 35590350 PMCID: PMC9117852 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00544-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although unhealthy snack foods are commonly consumed by college students, snacking patterns among college students have not been comprehensively examined in Saudi Arabia. In our study, we aimed to investigate snacking patterns among Saudi college students and to assess sociodemographic data that affect adherence to these snacking patterns. METHODS Between January 2021 and March 2021 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, an online survey was conducted with 662 college students from a Saudi university. The survey included sociodemographic questions and a short food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) regarding the consumption of common snack foods. Snacking patterns were generated from the FFQ using the factor analysis method. RESULTS Factor analyses generated seven snacking patterns, which explained 64.5% of the variance in snacking. Students in their early academic years (1-3 years) had a higher score for the convenience snack and fast-food pattern (0.22 ± 0.48 and 0.31 ± 0.52, respectively) than senior students (4-6 years) (P = 0.03 and 0.04, respectively). Healthy snacks patterns were higher among students at higher income levels (P = 0.006) and active students (P < 0.001) than among students at low- or mid-income levels and inactive students. Higher adherence to the beverages pattern was observed among male students (P = 0.03), active students (P = 0.01), and students with obesity than their counterparts (P = 0.02). The dairy products pattern was higher among male students (P = 0.04), students at higher income levels (P = 0.04), and students with obesity (P = 0.03) than their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS Most snacking patterns identified among the study participants were considered unhealthy. Adherence to healthy snacks is influenced by physical activity and family income. These findings may be helpful in the future for developing adequate nutrition education programs that promote health by adhering to healthy snack choices in this critical age group. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to investigate snacking patterns among other age groups in Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israa M Shatwan
- Food and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 3270, Saudi Arabia.
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24
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Chen H, Li H, Cao Y, Qi H, Ma Y, Bai X, Zhao Y, Wu L, Liu C, Wei J, Wang H, Jin Y, Wang Z, Zhu Y. Food Intake and Diet Quality of Pregnant Women in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A National Cross-Sectional Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:853565. [PMID: 35479743 PMCID: PMC9037147 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.853565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Between January and April 2020, China implemented differentiated prevention and control strategies across the country, based on the severity of the COVID-19 epidemic/pandemic in different regions. These strategies included lockdowns, social distancing, and the closure of public places. These measures may have affected dietary intake to varying degrees. This study aimed to assess variations in food intake and diet quality among pregnant women according to regional severity and related control measures during the most severe period of COVID-19 restrictions in 2020. Methods A total of 3,678 pregnant women from 19 provinces/municipalities in mainland China were analyzed in this nationwide, multi-center study. Food intake data were obtained and assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Diet quality was quantified using the Diet Balance Index for Pregnancy (DBI-P), which included high bound score (HBS, excessive dietary intake), low bound score (LBS, insufficient dietary intake), and diet quality distance (DQD, dietary imbalance). Linear trend tests and multivariable regression analyses were performed to examine the association between food intake, DBI-P and the severity of pandemic. Results The median daily intake of vegetables, fruit, livestock/poultry meat, dairy, and nuts decreased (p < 0.05) according to low, moderate, and high severity of the pandemic, while no significant differences in cereals/potatoes, eggs, and fish/shrimp intake. The median daily intake of cereals/potatoes exceeded the recommended ranges, and the daily intake of eggs and fish/shrimp was below recommended ranges regardless of the pandemic severity (p < 0.05). Regarding diet quality, HBS decreased (lower excessive consumption) (p = 0.047) and LBS increased (greater insufficient consumption) (p = 0.046) with increased severity of the pandemic. On multivariable analyses, moderate and high pandemic severity were related to lower HBS risk (OR = 0.687, OR = 0.537) and higher LBS risk (β = 1.517, β = 3.020) when compared to low pandemic severity. Conclusions Under more severe COVID-19 pandemic conditions, pregnant women consumed less quality food, characterized by reduced consumption of vegetables, fruit, livestock/poultry meat, dairy and nuts, while the quality of the foods that pregnant women consumed in excess tended to improve, but the overconsumption of cereals/potatoes was a problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitian Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hailin Li
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinli Cao
- Department of Obstertrics, Northwest Women and Children Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuyan Ma
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Xiaoxia Bai
- Department of Obstertrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangyu Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Wei
- Obstetrics and Gynecology at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Obstertrics, Northwest Women and Children Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Nutrition Department, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Medicine College Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zilian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanna Zhu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Ramírez Manent JI, Altisench Jané B, Sanchís Cortés P, Busquets-Cortés C, Arroyo Bote S, Masmiquel Comas L, López González ÁA. Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Anthropometric Variables, Blood Pressure, and Glucose and Lipid Profile in Healthy Adults: A before and after Pandemic Lockdown Longitudinal Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061237. [PMID: 35334894 PMCID: PMC8953154 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In December 2019, 27 cases of pneumonia were reported in Wuhan. In 2020, the causative agent was identified as a virus called SARS-CoV-2. The disease was called “coronavirus disease 2019” (COVID-19) and was determined as a Public Health Emergency. The main measures taken to cope with this included a state of lockdown. The aim of this study was to assess how the unhealthy lifestyles that ensued influenced different parameters. A prospective study was carried out on 6236 workers in a Spanish population between March 2019 and March 2021. Anthropometric, clinical, and analytical measurements were performed, revealing differences in the mean values of anthropometric and clinical parameters before and after lockdown due to the pandemic, namely increased body weight (41.1 ± 9.9–43.1 ± 9.9), BMI (25.1 ± 4.7–25.9 ± 4.7), and percentage of body fat (24.5 ± 9.1–26.9 ± 8.8); higher total cholesterol levels, with a statistically significant increase in LDL levels and a reduction in HDL; and worse glucose levels (90.5 ± 16.4–95.4 ± 15.8). Lockdown can be concluded to have had a negative effect on health parameters in both sexes in all age ranges, causing a worsening of cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ignacio Ramírez Manent
- General Practitioner Department, Balearic Islands Health Service, 07003 Palma, Illes Balears, Spain; (J.I.R.M.); (L.M.C.)
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), Balearic Islands Health Research Institute Foundation, 07003 Palma, Illes Balears, Spain; (P.S.C.); (Á.A.L.G.)
| | - Bárbara Altisench Jané
- General Practitioner Department, Balearic Islands Health Service, 07003 Palma, Illes Balears, Spain; (J.I.R.M.); (L.M.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Pilar Sanchís Cortés
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), Balearic Islands Health Research Institute Foundation, 07003 Palma, Illes Balears, Spain; (P.S.C.); (Á.A.L.G.)
- Chemistry Department, University Balearic Islands, 07003 Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Carla Busquets-Cortés
- Faculty of Odontology, University School ADEMA Palma, 07003 Palma, Illes Balears, Spain; (C.B.-C.); (S.A.B.)
- Investigation Group IUNICS, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07003 Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Sebastiana Arroyo Bote
- Faculty of Odontology, University School ADEMA Palma, 07003 Palma, Illes Balears, Spain; (C.B.-C.); (S.A.B.)
- Investigation Group IUNICS, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07003 Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Luis Masmiquel Comas
- General Practitioner Department, Balearic Islands Health Service, 07003 Palma, Illes Balears, Spain; (J.I.R.M.); (L.M.C.)
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), Balearic Islands Health Research Institute Foundation, 07003 Palma, Illes Balears, Spain; (P.S.C.); (Á.A.L.G.)
| | - Ángel Arturo López González
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), Balearic Islands Health Research Institute Foundation, 07003 Palma, Illes Balears, Spain; (P.S.C.); (Á.A.L.G.)
- Faculty of Odontology, University School ADEMA Palma, 07003 Palma, Illes Balears, Spain; (C.B.-C.); (S.A.B.)
- Investigation Group IUNICS, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07003 Palma, Illes Balears, Spain
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Julian V, Haschke F, Fearnbach N, Gomahr J, Pixner T, Furthner D, Weghuber D, Thivel D. Effects of Movement Behaviors on Overall Health and Appetite Control: Current Evidence and Perspectives in Children and Adolescents. Curr Obes Rep 2022; 11:10-22. [PMID: 35020189 PMCID: PMC9165266 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-021-00467-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To present the definitions and recommendations for movement behaviors in children and adolescents, including physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviors (SB), and sleep, and to provide an overview regarding their impact on health and obesity outcomes from childhood to adulthood, as well as interactions with appetite control. RECENT FINDINGS PA represents a variable proportion of daily energy expenditure and one can be active with high SB or vice versa. Studies have described movements across the whole day on a continuum from sleep to SB to varying intensities of PA. More PA, less SB (e.g., less screen time) and longer sleep are positively associated with indicators of physical health (e.g., lower BMI, adiposity, cardiometabolic risk) and cognitive development (e.g., motor skills, academic achievement). However, less than 10% of children currently meet recommendations for all three movement behaviors. Movement behaviors, adiposity, and related cardiometabolic diseases in childhood track into adolescence and adulthood. Furthermore, low PA/high SB profiles are associated with increased energy intake. Recent studies investigating energy balance regulation showed that desirable movement behavior profiles are associated with better appetite control and improved eating habits. Early identification of behavioral phenotypes and a comprehensive approach addressing all key behaviors that directly affect energy balance will allow for individual strategies to prevent or treat obesity and its comorbidities. Investigating exercise as a potential "corrector" of impaired appetite control offers a promising weight management approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Julian
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, Research Center in Human Nutrition, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Obesity Research Unit, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ferdinand Haschke
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Nicole Fearnbach
- Pediatric Energy Balance Laboratory, Clinical Sciences Division, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA USA
| | - Julian Gomahr
- Obesity Research Unit, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Pixner
- Obesity Research Unit, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Salzkammergut-Klinikum, Vöcklabruck, Austria
| | - Dieter Furthner
- Obesity Research Unit, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Salzkammergut-Klinikum, Vöcklabruck, Austria
| | - Daniel Weghuber
- Obesity Research Unit, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory AME2P, Research Center in Human Nutrition, University of Clermont Auvergne, Aubière, France
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da Costa BGG, Chaput JP, Lopes MVV, Gaya AR, Silva DAS, Silva KS. Association between sociodemographic, dietary, and substance use factors and accelerometer-measured 24-hour movement behaviours in Brazilian adolescents. Eur J Pediatr 2021; 180:3297-3305. [PMID: 33993399 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-021-04112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sociodemographic factors and lifestyle behaviours were evidenced as correlates of self-reported 24-hour movement behaviours in high-income settings. However, it is unclear how these relations occur in a middle-income country setting, with unique cultural and social characteristics. This study aimed to examine the association between sociodemographic, dietary, and substance use factors with accelerometer-measured 24-hour movement behaviours in Brazilian adolescents. Information on sex, age, socioeconomic status (SES), family structure, dietary behaviours, and history of substance use were collected by a questionnaire. Sleep duration, sedentary behaviour, and light- and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (LPA and MVPA) were measured using wrist-worn accelerometers. On average, females slept more (β = 21.09, 95%CI 13.18; 28.98), engaged in more LPA (β = 17.60, 95%CI 8.50; 27.13), and engaged in less sedentary behaviour (β = -16.82, 95%CI -30.01; -4.30) and MVPA (β = -4.76, 95%CI -7.48; -1.96) than males. Age and sedentary behaviour were positively associated (β = 8.60, 95%CI 2.53; 14.64). Unprocessed foods were positively related to LPA (β = 2.21, 95%CI 0.55; 3.92), whereas processed foods were positively related to sedentary behaviour (β = 3.73, 95%CI 0.03; 7.38) and inversely related to MVPA (β = -0.89, 95%CI -1.68; -0.10). Family structure, SES, and substance use factors were not significantly associated with any 24-hour movement behaviour.Conclusions: Sex, age, and dietary behaviours, unlike SES or substance use, were associated with 24-hour movement behaviours in this sample of Brazilian adolescents and are important factors to consider in interventions, policies, and practice. What is Known: • The 24-hour movement behaviours are composed of sleep, sedentary behaviour, and physical activity and are important determinants of health. • Most adolescents do not engage in adequate levels of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep, and there is a need to better understand factors related to these behaviours. What is New: • Sex, age, and dietary behaviours were associated with the 24-hour movement behaviours. • No associations were found between socioeconomic status and substance use with the 24-hour movement behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marcus Vinicius Veber Lopes
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | - Anelise Reis Gaya
- Projeto Esporte Brasil, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Diego Augusto Santos Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Cineantropometria e Desempenho Humano, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | - Kelly Samara Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
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Richter A, Schienkiewitz A, Starker A, Krug S, Domanska O, Kuhnert R, Loss J, Mensink GBM. Health-promoting behaviour among adults in Germany - Results from GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS. JOURNAL OF HEALTH MONITORING 2021; 6:26-44. [PMID: 35146315 PMCID: PMC8734172 DOI: 10.25646/8553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Health-promoting behaviours are important at any age to prevent diseases and to promote well-being. Using data from GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS, a Germany-wide, representative survey, this article describes how often the adult population in Germany reports certain types of health-promoting behaviour in their everyday lives. The behaviours considered are nonsmoking, low-risk alcohol consumption, achievement of the World Health Organization's (WHO) recommendations on aerobic physical activity, at least daily fruit and vegetable consumption, and maintaining a body weight within the normal range. This article describes the proportion of people who report these behaviours in their everyday lives by gender, age and education level, the number of health-promoting behaviours each person reports and the most common combinations in which they occur. Young adults between 18 and 29 years are most likely to achieve a health-promoting lifestyle. The proportion of people who report at least 150 minutes of physical activity per week and a normal body weight is lower in later adulthood than among 18- to 29-year-olds. The recommendation to eat fruit and vegetables daily is implemented least often of all five aspects of health behaviour under study. Finally, women are more likely to lead a health-promoting lifestyle than men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almut Richter
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring
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Abstract
The interdependence among eating behaviour (EB), physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) suggests simultaneously identifying homogeneous profiles and describing their changes. This study aimed to (1) identify cross-sectional lifestyle behaviour profiles and their 2-year changes among French school-age adolescents and (2) identify factors associated with these profiles and changes. Longitudinal data from adolescents who participated in the PRomotion de l'ALIMentation et de l'Activité Physique trial were used. PA and ST were assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and EB with a FFQ. Profiles at baseline and their changes were identified by latent transition analysis. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with profiles and their changes. Among 2390 adolescents included (14-18 years), five baseline profiles that differed mainly in EB were identified: 'healthy diet and high PA (7·9 %)', 'big eater and moderate to high PA (23·8 %)', 'healthy diet and low PA (31·2 %)', 'restrictive diet and moderate PA (20·6 %)' and 'sugar products, nibbling and moderate PA (16·5 %)'. Young adolescents, those who were overweight or obese and socially advantaged, were more in the 'healthy diet and low PA' than others. Boys, older and socially less advantaged adolescents exhibited more 'unfavourable' than 'mixed' changes, while adolescents with overweight or obesity had less 'unfavourable' than 'mixed' changes. In conclusion, adolescents were twice the number in the least than the most favourable profile. Findings highlighted the importance of EB among adolescents and suggest taking adolescents' sociodemographic and weight characteristics into account in interventions aimed at acting on adolescents' behaviours.
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Norman Å, Wright J, Patterson E. Brief parental self-efficacy scales for promoting healthy eating and physical activity in children: a validation study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:540. [PMID: 33740927 PMCID: PMC7980573 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10581-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brief scales to measure parental self-efficacy (PSE) in relation to children’s obesogenic behaviours have not been developed and validated using more rigorous methodology such as invariance testing, limiting their generalisability to sub-groups. This study aimed to assess the construct validity and measurement invariance of brief PSE scales for children’s intake of vegetables, soft drinks, and sweets, and physical activity. Methods Parents (n = 242) of five-to-seven-year-old children in disadvantaged and culturally diverse settings in Sweden responded to a questionnaire in Swedish with 12 items assessing PSE in relation to healthy and unhealthy behaviours. Construct validity was assessed with confirmatory factor analysis, invariance testing compared the scales by groups of parental sex, education, and child weight status. Criterion validity was evaluated using objective measures of children’s physical activity and semi-objective measures of diet. Results Two-factor models showed moderate to excellent fit to the data. Invariance was supported across all groups for healthy behaviour scales. Unhealthy behaviour scales were invariant for all groups except parental education where partial metric invariance was supported. Scales were significantly correlated with physical activity and diet. Conclusion This study provides preliminary evidence for the validity of brief PSE scales and invariance across groups suggesting their utility for research and clinical management of weight-related behaviours. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10581-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa Norman
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18 A, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Julie Wright
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emma Patterson
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18 A, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Region Stockholm, Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
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Dėdelė A, Bartkutė Ž, Chebotarova Y, Miškinytė A. The Relationship Between the Healthy Diet Index, Chronic Diseases, Obesity and Lifestyle Risk Factors Among Adults in Kaunas City, Lithuania. Front Nutr 2021; 8:599567. [PMID: 33748171 PMCID: PMC7973094 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.599567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A healthy and balanced diet is an important factor contributing to overall health and wellness. The aim of this study was to develop a Healthy Diet Index (HDI) score and assess its association with various chronic diseases and lifestyle risk factors. A cross-sectional survey included 1,111 adults aged 18 years and older. Information on dietary habits was collected using a questionnaire. Additional demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle risk factors data were also collected. Sixteen food groups were used to develop the HDI score for the residents of Kaunas city, Lithuania based on the national recommendations, World Health Organization (WHO) and other guidance on a healthy diet. We used logistic regression models to assess the association of the HDI score with chronic diseases, obesity and lifestyle risk factors. We found that both males and females were lacking the optimal consumption of the base components of a healthy diet-fruits and vegetables, starchy carbohydrates, and proteins. We also observed significant associations between the HDI score and several outcomes such as hypertension, arrhythmia, physical activity, and obesity. The suggested HDI score could serve as a valuable tool in assessing and improving dietary habits beneficial for promoting health and preventing many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Auksė Miškinytė
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Kanellopoulou A, Diamantis DV, Notara V, Panagiotakos DB. Extracurricular Sports Participation and Sedentary Behavior in Association with Dietary Habits and Obesity Risk in Children and Adolescents and the Role of Family Structure: a Literature Review. Curr Nutr Rep 2021; 10:1-11. [PMID: 33595804 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-021-00352-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Childhood obesity is considered a major problem in the modern world, associated with many health issues in youth. This review aimed the association between extracurricular sports participation, sedentary time/screen time, and "obesogenic" and "non-obesogenic" dietary habits among youth and to explore the role of family structure on the adoption of sedentary behaviors by children. RECENT FINDINGS Increased participation in extracurricular sports was associated with a healthier dietary pattern, containing more "non-obesogenic" food choices. Opposite results were indicated by sedentary activities. Increased time in watching TV, computer/electronic games, and other screen devices was positively associated with unhealthy dietary patterns. Overall, extracurricular activities influence the quality of food choices, which may prevent or promote childhood obesity; thus, sport-related activities should be promoted through public health policies. The role of the family structure is contradictory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Kanellopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 Eleftheriou Venizelou (Thiseos) Ave, Kallithea, 176 71, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios V Diamantis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 Eleftheriou Venizelou (Thiseos) Ave, Kallithea, 176 71, Athens, Greece
| | - Venetia Notara
- Department of Public and Community Health, Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 Eleftheriou Venizelou (Thiseos) Ave, Kallithea, 176 71, Athens, Greece. .,Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, ACT, Canberra, Australia.
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van der Avoort CMT, Ten Haaf DSM, de Vries JHM, Verdijk LB, van Loon LJC, Eijsvogels TMH, Hopman MTE. Higher Levels of Physical Activity Are Associated with Greater Fruit and Vegetable intake in Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:230-241. [PMID: 33491039 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1520-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High levels of physical activity (PA) and optimal nutrition independently improve healthy aging, but few data are available about how PA may influence food preferences in older populations. Therefore, the aim of our study was to establish if there is an association between habitual PA and intake of nutrient-dense foods (i.e. fruits and vegetables). DESIGN A cross-sectional survey was conducted. SETTING The Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS 2466 older adults (56% male, age 62±9 yr). MEASUREMENTS PA was assessed using the short questionnaire to assess health (SQUASH) and participants were classified into quintiles of weekly PA (MET-h/wk). Total fruit and vegetable intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and were corrected for energy intake (g/kcal/d) in the analyses. Multiple regression analyses were performed to determine the association between PA and fruit and vegetable intake, including covariates. RESULTS Being in the higher quintiles of PA (Q3, Q4 and Q5) was positively associated with more daily fruit and vegetable consumption, even after correction for total energy intake (Q3; β=0.089, P<0.001, Q4; β=0.047, P=0.024, Q5; β=0.098, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Older adults who are moderately to highly physically active tend to consume more fruit and vegetable compared to less active peers, when corrected for total energy intake. Female gender, under- and overreporting dietary intake (Goldberg score), non-smoking, high level of education, less alcohol consumption and a lower body mass index positivity affected this relationship. Our data will help health-care professionals to accelerate their efforts to treat and prevent chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M T van der Avoort
- Cindy M.T. van der Avoort, MSc., Institute of Sport and Exercise Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Heyendaalseweg 141, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Tel: + 31-24-3530500, E-mail:
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Justamente I, Raudeniece J, Ozolina-Moll L, Guadalupe-Grau A, Reihmane D. Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Daily Eating Habits and Physical Activity on Anthropometric Parameters in Elementary School Children in Latvia: Pach Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3818. [PMID: 33327418 PMCID: PMC7764828 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing incidence of obesity and related diseases in children poses new challenges and calls for a review of lifestyle habits. This study aimed to assess daily eating habits (EH) and physical activity (PA) levels and identify their association with obesity in 8-10-year-old children. Children's EH and time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical intensity (MVPA) was estimated from questionnaires (N = 1788). Weight, height, and waist circumference (WC) were collected, and body mass index (BMI) calculated. Girls consumed more fruits and vegetables, drank more water, and ate smaller portions of carbohydrate and protein rich foods but spent less time in MVPA compared to boys (p < 0.05). Obese children skipped breakfast more often and consumed less fruits and vegetables. Children who chose to eat in front of the screen had higher WC (62.88 ± 8.70 vs 60.59 ± 7.40 cm, p < 0.001) and higher BMI, and chose smaller vegetable portions and more calorie dense snacks (p < 0.001). 15.4% of pupils covered weekly MVPA recommendations with structured PA on weekdays. Increasing MVPA was related to a smaller number of unhealthy EH (p < 0.001). In conclusion, EH and PA levels differ between sexes and obese children have unhealthier EH. Higher levels of MVPA are related to healthier food choices, while pupils having meals in front of the screen have unhealthier EH and anthropometric measures. The majority of pupils did not reach the WHO recommendations of MVPA through structured PA on weekdays. Association between factors (EH and time spent in PA) and BMI was not found in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilze Justamente
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (I.J.); (J.R.); (L.O.-M.)
- Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Riga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema Street 16, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Jelena Raudeniece
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (I.J.); (J.R.); (L.O.-M.)
- Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Riga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema Street 16, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Liga Ozolina-Moll
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (I.J.); (J.R.); (L.O.-M.)
| | - Amelia Guadalupe-Grau
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Dace Reihmane
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (I.J.); (J.R.); (L.O.-M.)
- Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Riga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema Street 16, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
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Suliga E, Cieśla E, Michel S, Kaducakova H, Martin T, Śliwiński G, Braun A, Izova M, Lehotska M, Kozieł D, Głuszek S. Diet Quality Compared to the Nutritional Knowledge of Polish, German, and Slovakian University Students-Preliminary Research. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17239062. [PMID: 33291705 PMCID: PMC7730789 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17239062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The eating habits of students differ significantly from those recommended by health practitioners. The aim of this study was to find differences related to diet quality and knowledge on nutrition among Polish, German, and Slovakian students as well as to examine which factors differentiate the diet quality of students from these three countries. The study was conducted on a group of 394 university students from Poland, Germany, and Slovakia. The assessment of diet quality and knowledge on food and nutrition was done with the use of the Dietary Habits and Nutrition Beliefs Questionnaire. The diet of German students was characterized by a significantly higher consumption of legume-based foods, vegetables, and fruit compared to Polish students and Slovakian participants (p < 0.001). The diet of the Poles was characterized by a high consumption of cured meat, smoked sausages, hot dogs, white bread and bakery products, butter, fried foods, and energy drinks. The most important factors significantly associated with diet quality involved the country, place of residence, Body Mass Index (BMI), physical activity, and time spent watching TV or using a computer. Polish students were characterized by the highest level of knowledge on food and nutrition (p < 0.001). However, it was not reflected in their diet. The authorities of universities should aim to provide students with access to canteens on campuses which would offer the possibility of consumption of both affordable and healthy meals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Suliga
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-369 Kielce, Poland; (E.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Elżbieta Cieśla
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-369 Kielce, Poland; (E.S.); (D.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sven Michel
- Institute of Ergonomics and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Work, Health and Music, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 03048 Cottbus, Germany; (S.M.); (T.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Helena Kaducakova
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Catholic University in Ružomberok, 03401 Ružomberok, Slovakia; (H.K.); (M.I.); (M.L.)
| | - Titus Martin
- Institute of Ergonomics and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Work, Health and Music, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 03048 Cottbus, Germany; (S.M.); (T.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Grzegorz Śliwiński
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University in Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Alexander Braun
- Institute of Ergonomics and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Work, Health and Music, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 03048 Cottbus, Germany; (S.M.); (T.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Marcela Izova
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Catholic University in Ružomberok, 03401 Ružomberok, Slovakia; (H.K.); (M.I.); (M.L.)
| | - Maria Lehotska
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Catholic University in Ružomberok, 03401 Ružomberok, Slovakia; (H.K.); (M.I.); (M.L.)
| | - Dorota Kozieł
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-369 Kielce, Poland; (E.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Stanisław Głuszek
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-369 Kielce, Poland;
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Lifestyle patterns and their nutritional, socio-demographic and psychological determinants in a community-based study: A mixed approach of latent class and factor analyses. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236242. [PMID: 32701986 PMCID: PMC7377498 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lifestyle risk factors, such as unhealthy diet, physical inactivity or tobacco smoking can have detrimental effects on health and well-being. Therefore, it is important to examine multiple lifestyle risk factors instead of single ones. Cluster analysis allows the combination of single health behaviors in order to recognize distinguished behavior patterns. This study aimed to evaluate lifestyle patterns of general adult population in northwest of Iran with particular focus on dietary patterns, physical activity, and smoking status. Methods The current cross-sectional study consists of 525 adults aged 18–64 years from East-Azarbaijan Iran. Latent class analysis (LCA) was applied to recognize patterns of lifestyle behaviors with ingredients of diet, physical activity, and smoking status. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire and dietary patterns were derived using factor analysis. Biochemical parameters including fasting blood sugar (FBS), serum lipids, liver enzyme and serum 25(OH)-D3 were measured with commercial ELIZA kits. Results Mean ages of participants were 42.90 ± 11.89 years. Using principal component analysis (PCA) three major dietary patterns were extracted including traditional dietary pattern (e.g. nuts and dry fruits), unhealthy dietary pattern (e.g. fast foods, refined grains) and the healthy dietary patterns (e.g. fruits, vegetables). Using LCA, three classes of lifestyles pattern were identified: 1st class was characterized by a healthy dietary pattern, moderate physical activity, and low probability of smoking. 2nd class was characterized by a traditional dietary pattern, low level of physical activity and low probability of smoking and 3rd class was characterized by a unhealthy dietary pattern, low level of physical activity and low probability of smoking and further analysis found that there were significant differences in body mass index (BMI), Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), FBS, Hemoglobin (Hb), education levels and anxiety status between classes (P <0.05). Conclusion This study attempts to classify Iranian adults by their own health behavior. Healthcare professionals should be aware of associations between different lifestyle risk factors and health promotion strategies should further focus on multiple behaviors at the same time. In our country, more studies about the adult population are needed to support the observed findings of our study and therefore allow for a certain generalization of the observations.
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Bhatti SN, Watkin E, Butterfill J, Li JM. Recognition of 16-18-Year-Old Adolescents for Guiding Physical Activity Interventions: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E5002. [PMID: 32664602 PMCID: PMC7400075 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a rapid life stage requiring special attention wherein personal autonomy is developed to govern independent lifestyles. Unhealthy lifestyles are integral to prevailing adolescent physical inactivity patterns. Understudied 16-18-year-olds were investigated to establish physical activity prevalences and influencing health-related lifestyle factors. Adolescents were recruited randomly across 2017-2019 from Farnborough College of Technology and North Kent College, UK. Demographic and health-related lifestyle information were gathered anonymously and analysed using SAS® 9.4 software. Among the 414 adolescents included (48.3% male and 51.7% female), the mean (standard deviation (SD)) age was 16.9 (0.77). Approximately 15.2% smoked and 20.8% were overweight/obese. There were 54.8% perceiving themselves unfit and 33.3% spent >4 h/day on leisure-time screen-based activity. Around 80.4% failed to meet the recommended fruit/vegetable daily intake and 90.1% failed to satisfy UK National Physical Activity Guidelines, particularly females (p = 0.0202). Physical activity levels were significantly associated with gender, body mass index, smoking status, leisure sedentary screen-time, fruit/vegetable consumption and fitness perceptions. Those who were female, overweight/obese, non-smoking, having poor fitness perceptions, consuming low fruit/vegetables and engaging in excess screen-based sedentariness were the groups with lowest physical activity levels. Steering physical activity-oriented health interventions toward these at-risk groups in colleges may reduce the UK's burden of adolescent obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunbal N. Bhatti
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, UK;
- Faculty of Academic Studies, Farnborough College of Technology, Farnborough GU14 6SB, UK;
| | - Emma Watkin
- Faculty of Academic Studies, Farnborough College of Technology, Farnborough GU14 6SB, UK;
| | - James Butterfill
- Sports Coaching Department, North Kent College, Gravesend, Kent DA12 2JJ, UK;
| | - Jian-Mei Li
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, UK;
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The Effect of a Family-Based Lifestyle Education Program on Dietary Habits, Hepatic Fat and Adiposity Markers in 8-12-Year-Old Children with Overweight/Obesity. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051443. [PMID: 32429379 PMCID: PMC7284532 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy lifestyle education programs are recommended for obesity prevention and treatment. However, there is no previous information on the effects of these programs on the reduction of hepatic fat percentage. The aims were (i) to examine the effectiveness of a 22-week family-based lifestyle education program on dietary habits, and (ii) to explore the associations of changes in dietary intake with percent hepatic fat reduction and adiposity in children with overweight/obesity. A total of 81 children with overweight/obesity (aged 10.6 ± 1.1 years, 53.1% girls) and their parents attended a 22-week family based healthy lifestyle and psychoeducational program accompanied with (intensive group) or without (control) an exercise program. Hepatic fat (magnetic resonance imaging), adiposity (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) and dietary habits (two non-consecutive 24 h-recalls) were assessed before and after the intervention. Energy (p < 0.01) fat (p < 0.01) and added sugar (p < 0.03) intake were significantly reduced in both groups at the end of the program, while, in addition, carbohydrates intake (p < 0.04) was reduced exclusively in the control group, and simple sugar (p < 0.05) and cholesterol (p < 0.03) intake was reduced in the exercise group. Fruit (p < 0.03) and low-fat/skimmed dairy consumption (p < 0.02), the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for children and teenagers (KIDMED, p < 0.01) and breakfast quality index (p < 0.03) were significantly higher in both control and intervention groups after the intervention. Moreover, participants in the exercise group increased the adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet (p < 0.001), whereas the ratio of evening-morning energy intake was significantly lower exclusively in the control group after the program (p < 0.02). Changes in energy intake were significantly associated with changes in fat mass index (FMI) in the exercise group, whereas changes in sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) consumption was associated with percent hepatic fat reduction (p < 0.05) in the control group. A 22-week family-based healthy lifestyle program seems to be effective on improving diet quality and health in children with overweight/obesity and these should focus on SSB avoidance and physical activity.
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Physical Activity Habits and Determinants, Sedentary Behaviour and Lifestyle in University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17093272. [PMID: 32397068 PMCID: PMC7246858 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
University students, as a result of their lifestyles, represent a section of the population that is most likely to adopt sedentary behaviours. The aim of the present study was to analyse the determining factors dictating the performance of physical activity as well as sedentary behaviour among university students. A total of 608 students (64.6% women) from the University of Santiago de Compostela (Spain) were selected by stratified random sampling to take part in the study, which involved completing a questionnaire on lifestyle and physical activity. Of the participating students, 69.6% indicated that they performed physical activity; the main reasons given were to maintain fitness and for health, while a lack of time and laziness were the principal reasons given for abandoning or not taking up physical exercise. Significant associations were established between not doing physical activity and the time exposed to screens, time studying, feeling low and smoking; on the other hand, associations could be seen between doing physical activity and the participation of relatives (parents, mothers, partners, older siblings and friends) in physical activity, as well as a positive sense of satisfaction relating to physical education taught in schools. In conclusion, most of the university students did some physical activity, which was associated with less sedentary behaviour, while the influence of school physical education and of the habits of relatives played an important role.
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Longitudinal Study of Body Composition and Energy Expenditure in Overweight or Obese Young Adults. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5305. [PMID: 32210340 PMCID: PMC7093463 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62249-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of an aerobic training program with a strength training program on body composition and energy expenditure in overweight or obese (29.06 ± 3.49 kg/m2) young adults (21.96 ± 1.90 years). Subjects (N = 109) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a control group (CG), an aerobic training (AT) group and a strength training (ST) group. Training took place over twelve weeks comprising three sessions per week with each session lasting 60 to 90 minutes. Before and after the program, weight, height, body mass index, lean mass percentage and fat mass percentage were evaluated. In addition, The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) was used to estimate energy expenditure. The results of both aerobic training and strength training produced statistically significant improvements in weight (AT-CG = −2.892 kg; ST-CG = −2.986 kg); BMI (AT-CG = −1.075 kg/m2; ST-CG = −1.118 kg/m2); total body fat (AT-CG = −1529.172 g; ST-CG = −763.815); and total body fat percentage (AT-CG = −1.421%; AT-ST = −0.855%). These two exercise prescription models were therefore useful in reducing overweight and obesity, which could have an impact on improving the health and quality of life of individuals with these characteristics.
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Rodríguez-Muñoz PM, Carmona-Torres JM, Rodríguez-Borrego MA. Influence of tobacco, alcohol consumption, eating habits and physical activity in nursing students. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2020; 28:e3230. [PMID: 32022150 PMCID: PMC7000186 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.3198.3230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: to determine the consumption of alcohol, tobacco, eating habits, and physical
activity among nursing students and to detect whether being a nursing
student is a protective factor against these habits. Method: a questionnaire was used to collect information on age, academic year, sex,
alcohol and tobacco consumption, physical activity, and healthy eating. An
information sheet and informed consent form were given. The sample was
composed of 264 students aged between 18-30 years from four academic years.
Results: of the total sample, 15.5% smoked, 83.7% consumed alcoholic beverages and
97.2% consumed over the weekend. The total of 68.6% did not practice
exercises and 70.5% needed changes in their diet. Conclusion: nursing students have high levels of alcohol consumption and low levels of
smoking compared with other studies. The higher the academic year, the lower
the age of onset of tobacco consumption. The number of men who exercised was
higher, which is considered a protective factor against alcohol and tobacco
consumption and is related to a healthy diet. Smoking has a negative
influence on diet. The students needed to change their diet. Finally, being
a nursing student is not considered a protective factor against alcohol and
tobacco consumption, nor having good eating habits and exercising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Manuel Rodríguez-Muñoz
- Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
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Xu F, Cohen SA, Greaney ML, Hatfield DL, Greene GW. Racial/Ethnic Disparities in US Adolescents' Dietary Quality and Its Modification by Weight-Related Factors and Physical Activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16234803. [PMID: 31795448 PMCID: PMC6926511 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
There are well-known disparities in the prevalence of obesity across racial-ethnic groups, although the behavioral and psychological factors driving these disparities are less well understood. Therefore, the objectives of this study were: (1) to examine differences in dietary quality by race/ethnicity and weight-related variables [body mass index (BMI), weight loss attempt, and weight dissatisfaction] and physical activity (PA) using the Health Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015); and (2) to investigate the interactions and independent associations of race/ethnicity, weight-related variables and PA on dietary quality. Data for adolescents aged 12–19 years (n = 3373) were abstracted from the 2007–2014 National Health and Nutrition and Examination Survey and analyzed using multiple PROC SURVEYREG, adjusting for demographics and accounting for complex sampling. Analyses determined that Hispanic males had better overall HEI-2015 scores than non-Hispanic whites (48.4 ± 0.5 vs. 45.7 ± 0.6, p = 0.003) or blacks (48.4 ± 0.5 vs. 45.5 ± 0.5, p < 0.001). Hispanic females also had better dietary quality than non-Hispanic whites (50.2 ± 0.4 vs. 47.5 ± 0.5, p < 0.001) and blacks (50.2 ± 0.4 vs. 47.1 ± 0.5, p < 0.001). Meeting the PA recommendation modified racial/ethnic differences in dietary quality for females (p = 0.011) and this was primarily driven by the associations among non-Hispanic white females (ΔR2 = 2.6%, p = 0.0004). The study identified racial/ethnic and gender differences among adolescents in factors that may promote obesity. Results may be useful for obesity prevention efforts designed to reduce health disparities in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Xu
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Rhode Island, Independence Square II, Kingston, RI 02881, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-401-874-2412
| | - Steven A. Cohen
- Department of Health Studies, University of Rhode Island, Independence Square II, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (S.A.C.); (M.L.G.)
| | - Mary L. Greaney
- Department of Health Studies, University of Rhode Island, Independence Square II, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (S.A.C.); (M.L.G.)
| | - Disa L. Hatfield
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Rhode Island, Independence Square II, Kingston, RI 02881, USA;
| | - Geoffrey W. Greene
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Fogarty Hall, Kingston, RI 02881, USA;
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Hebestreit A, Bogl LH. Dietary Behavior and Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1849. [PMID: 31404953 PMCID: PMC6723607 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, diet- and lifestyle-related disorders have become a major health threat in Europe and worldwide [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Hebestreit
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Leonie H Bogl
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1. Floor, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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