1
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Feng Y, He C, Liu C, Shao B, Wang D, Wu P. Exploring the Complexity and Promise of Tumor Immunotherapy in Drug Development. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6444. [PMID: 38928150 PMCID: PMC11204037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer represents a significant threat to human health, and traditional chemotherapy or cytotoxic therapy is no longer the sole or preferred approach for managing malignant tumors. With advanced research into the immunogenicity of tumor cells and the growing elderly population, tumor immunotherapy has emerged as a prominent therapeutic option. Its significance in treating elderly cancer patients is increasingly recognized. In this study, we review the conceptual classifications and benefits of immunotherapy, and discuss recent developments in new drugs and clinical progress in cancer treatment through various immunotherapeutic modalities with different mechanisms. Additionally, we explore the impact of immunosenescence on the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy and propose innovative and effective strategies to rejuvenate senescent T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dong Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.F.); (C.H.); (C.L.); (B.S.)
| | - Peijie Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.F.); (C.H.); (C.L.); (B.S.)
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2
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Fisher JS, Adán-Barrientos I, Kumar NR, Lancaster JN. The aged microenvironment impairs BCL6 and CD40L induction in CD4 + T follicular helper cell differentiation. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14140. [PMID: 38481058 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Weakened germinal center responses by the aged immune system result in diminished immunity against pathogens and reduced efficacy of vaccines. Prolonged contacts between activated B cells and CD4+ T cells are crucial to germinal center formation and T follicular helper cell (Tfh) differentiation, but it is unclear how aging impacts the quality of this interaction. Peptide immunization confirmed that aged mice have decreased expansion of antigen-specific germinal center B cells and reduced antibody titers. Furthermore, aging was associated with accumulated Tfh cells, even in naïve mice. Despite increased numbers, aged Tfh had reduced expression of master transcription factor BCL6 and increased expression of the ectonucleotidase CD39. In vitro activation revealed that proliferative capacity was maintained in aged CD4+ T cells, but not the costimulatory molecule CD40L. When activated in vitro by aged antigen-presenting cells, young CD4+ naïve T cells generated reduced numbers of activated cells with upregulated CD40L. To determine the contribution of cell-extrinsic influences on antigen-specific Tfh induction, young, antigen-specific B and CD4+ T cells were adoptively transferred into aged hosts prior to peptide immunization. Transferred cells had reduced expansion and differentiation into germinal center B cell and Tfh and reduced antigen-specific antibody titers when compared to young hosts. Young CD4+ T cells transferred aged hosts differentiated into Tfh cells with reduced PD-1 and BCL6 expression, and increased CD39 expression, though they maintained their mitochondrial capacity. These results highlight the role of the lymphoid microenvironment in modulating CD4+ T cell differentiation, which contributes to impaired establishment and maintenance of germinal centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob S Fisher
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Irene Adán-Barrientos
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Naveen R Kumar
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Jessica N Lancaster
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
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3
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Guan Y, Cao M, Wu X, Yan J, Hao Y, Zhang C. CD28 null T cells in aging and diseases: From biology to assessment and intervention. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111807. [PMID: 38471362 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
CD28null T cells, an atypical subset characterized by the loss of CD28 costimulatory molecule expression, exhibit functional variants and progressively expand with age. Moreover, T cells with these phenotypes are found in both typical and atypical humoral immune responses. Consequently, they accumulate during infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular conditions, and neurodegenerative ailments. To provide an in-depth review of the current knowledge regarding CD28null T cells, we specifically focus on their phenotypic and functional characteristics as well as their physiological roles in aging and diseases. While uncertainties regarding the clinical utility remains, we will review the following two crucial research perspectives to explore clinical translational applications of the research on this specific T cell subset: 1) addressing the potential utility of CD28null T cells as immunological markers for prognosis and adverse outcomes in both aging and disease, and 2) speculating on the potential of targeting CD28null T cells as an interventional strategy for preventing or delaying immune aging processes and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Guan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ming Cao
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaofen Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jinhua Yan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yi Hao
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China.
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4
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Snijckers RPM, Foks AC. Adaptive immunity and atherosclerosis: aging at its crossroads. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1350471. [PMID: 38686373 PMCID: PMC11056569 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1350471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Adaptive immunity plays a profound role in atherosclerosis pathogenesis by regulating antigen-specific responses, inflammatory signaling and antibody production. However, as we age, our immune system undergoes a gradual functional decline, a phenomenon termed "immunosenescence". This decline is characterized by a reduction in proliferative naïve B- and T cells, decreased B- and T cell receptor repertoire and a pro-inflammatory senescence associated secretory profile. Furthermore, aging affects germinal center responses and deteriorates secondary lymphoid organ function and structure, leading to impaired T-B cell dynamics and increased autoantibody production. In this review, we will dissect the impact of aging on adaptive immunity and the role played by age-associated B- and T cells in atherosclerosis pathogenesis, emphasizing the need for interventions that target age-related immune dysfunction to reduce cardiovascular disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda C. Foks
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
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Buckley DJ, Sharma S, Joseph B, Fayyaz AH, Canizales A, Terrebonne KJ, Trott DW. Early life thymectomy induces arterial dysfunction in mice. GeroScience 2024; 46:1035-1051. [PMID: 37354388 PMCID: PMC10828352 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00853-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging of the arteries is characterized by increased large artery stiffness and impaired endothelium-dependent dilation. We have previously shown that in old (22-24 month) mice T cells accumulate within aorta and mesentery. We have also shown that pharmacologic and genetic deletion of these T cells ameliorates age-related arterial dysfunction. These data indicate that T cells contribute to arterial aging; however, it is unknown if aged T cells alone can induce arterial dysfunction in otherwise young mice. To produce an aged-like T cell phenotype, mice were thymectomized at three-weeks of age or were left with their thymus intact. At 9 months of age, thymectomized mice exhibited greater proportions of both CD4 + and CD8 + memory T cells compared to controls in the blood. Similar changes were observed in the T cells accumulating in the aorta and mesentery. We also observed greater numbers of proinflammatory cytokine producing T cells in the aorta and mesentery. The phenotypic T cell changes in the blood, aorta and mesentery of thymectomized mice were similar to those observed when we compared young (4-6 month) to old thymus intact mice. Along with these alterations, compared to controls, thymectomized mice exhibited augmented large artery stiffness and greater aortic collagen deposition as well as impaired mesenteric artery endothelium dependent dilation due to blunted nitric oxide bioavailability. These results indicate that early life thymectomy results in arterial dysfunction and suggest that an aged-like T cell phenotype alone is sufficient to induce arterial dysfunction in otherwise young mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Buckley
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, 655 W. Mitchell St., Arlington, TX, 76010, USA
| | - Sunita Sharma
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, 655 W. Mitchell St., Arlington, TX, 76010, USA
| | - Blessy Joseph
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, 655 W. Mitchell St., Arlington, TX, 76010, USA
| | - Alia H Fayyaz
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, 655 W. Mitchell St., Arlington, TX, 76010, USA
| | - Alexandra Canizales
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, 655 W. Mitchell St., Arlington, TX, 76010, USA
| | - Konner J Terrebonne
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, 655 W. Mitchell St., Arlington, TX, 76010, USA
| | - Daniel W Trott
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, 655 W. Mitchell St., Arlington, TX, 76010, USA.
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6
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Headley CA, Gautam S, Olmo‐Fontanez A, Garcia‐Vilanova A, Dwivedi V, Akhter A, Schami A, Chiem K, Ault R, Zhang H, Cai H, Whigham A, Delgado J, Hicks A, Tsao PS, Gelfond J, Martinez‐Sobrido L, Wang Y, Torrelles JB, Turner J. Extracellular Delivery of Functional Mitochondria Rescues the Dysfunction of CD4 + T Cells in Aging. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2303664. [PMID: 37990641 PMCID: PMC10837346 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction alters cellular metabolism, increases tissue oxidative stress, and may be principal to the dysregulated signaling and function of CD4+ T lymphocytes in the elderly. In this proof of principle study, it is investigated whether the transfer of functional mitochondria into CD4+ T cells that are isolated from old mice (aged CD4+ T cells), can abrogate aging-associated mitochondrial dysfunction, and improve the aged CD4+ T cell functionality. The results show that the delivery of exogenous mitochondria to aged non-activated CD4+ T cells led to significant mitochondrial proteome alterations highlighted by improved aerobic metabolism and decreased cellular mitoROS. Additionally, mito-transferred aged CD4+ T cells showed improvements in activation-induced TCR-signaling kinetics displaying markers of activation (CD25), increased IL-2 production, enhanced proliferation ex vivo. Importantly, immune deficient mouse models (RAG-KO) showed that adoptive transfer of mito-transferred naive aged CD4+ T cells, protected recipient mice from influenza A and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. These findings support mitochondria as targets of therapeutic intervention in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colwyn A. Headley
- Host‐Pathogen Interactions ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate ProgramThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio43201USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA94305USA
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Host‐Pathogen Interactions ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | | | | | - Varun Dwivedi
- Host‐Pathogen Interactions ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | - Anwari Akhter
- Population Health ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | - Alyssa Schami
- Population Health ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | - Kevin Chiem
- Disease Intervention & Prevention ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | - Russell Ault
- Host‐Pathogen Interactions ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate ProgramThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio43201USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and ImmunologySouth Texas Center for Emerging Infectious DiseasesThe University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249USA
| | - Hong Cai
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and ImmunologySouth Texas Center for Emerging Infectious DiseasesThe University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249USA
| | - Alison Whigham
- Host‐Pathogen Interactions ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | - Jennifer Delgado
- Host‐Pathogen Interactions ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | - Amberlee Hicks
- Host‐Pathogen Interactions ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | - Philip S. Tsao
- Stanford Cardiovascular InstituteStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA94305USA
| | - Jonathan Gelfond
- UT‐Health San AntonioDepartment of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsSan AntonioTexas78229USA
| | - Luis Martinez‐Sobrido
- Disease Intervention & Prevention ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and ImmunologySouth Texas Center for Emerging Infectious DiseasesThe University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249USA
| | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Population Health ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
| | - Joanne Turner
- Host‐Pathogen Interactions ProgramTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexas78227USA
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7
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Rodriguez-Rodriguez C, González-Mancha N, Ochoa-Echeverría A, Liébana R, Merida I. Partial loss of Sorting Nexin 27 resembles age- and Down syndrome-associated T cell dysfunctions. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:2. [PMID: 38166948 PMCID: PMC10759489 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00402-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sorting Nexin 27 (SNX27)-retromer complex facilitates cargo recycling from endosomes to the plasma membrane. SNX27 downregulation in neurons, as the result of Trisomy 21 (T21), has been linked with cognitive deficits due to impairment of AMPA and NMDA receptor recycling. Studies in human T cell lines likewise demonstrated that SNX27 regulates the correct delivery of cargoes to the immune synapse limiting the activation of pro-inflammatory pathways. Nevertheless, the physiological consequences of partial SNX27 loss in T cell homeostasis are still unclear. RESULTS In this study, we have explored the consequences of T cell specific partial SNX27 downregulation in mice. T cells with partial SNX27 deficiency show a marked deficit in the CD4+ T cell pool, a hallmark of aging in mice and humans, and a well-characterized comorbidity of individuals with Down syndrome (DS). When analyzed ex vivo, CD4+ T cells with partial SNX27 deletion demonstrate enhanced proliferation but diminished IL-2 production. In contrast, the CD8+ population show enhanced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lytic enzymes. CONCLUSIONS This mouse model supports the relevance of SNX27 in the organization of the immune synapse, previously described in cell lines, as well as in the control of T cell homeostasis. Individuals with DS experiment an acceleration of the aging process, which particularly affects the immune and central nervous systems. Thus, we hypothesize that reduced SNX27 expression in DS could contribute to the dysregulation of these systems and further research in SNX27 will shed light on the molecular factors underlying the phenotypes observed in people with DS and its contribution to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Spanish National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), UAM Campus de Cantoblanco, Darwin 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia González-Mancha
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Spanish National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), UAM Campus de Cantoblanco, Darwin 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ane Ochoa-Echeverría
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Spanish National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), UAM Campus de Cantoblanco, Darwin 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Liébana
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Spanish National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), UAM Campus de Cantoblanco, Darwin 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Merida
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Spanish National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), UAM Campus de Cantoblanco, Darwin 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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8
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Hou C, Wang Z, Lu X. Impact of immunosenescence and inflammaging on the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors. CANCER PATHOGENESIS AND THERAPY 2024; 2:24-30. [PMID: 38328711 PMCID: PMC10846300 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are employed in immunotherapeutic applications for patients with weakened immune systems and can improve the ability of T cells to kill cancer cells. Although ICIs can potentially treat different types of cancers in various groups of patients, their effectiveness may differ among older individuals. The reason ICIs are less effective in older adults is not yet clearly understood, but age-related changes in the immune system, such as immunosenescence and inflammation, may play a role. Therefore, this review focuses on recent advances in understanding the effects of immunosenescence and inflammation on the efficacy of ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuandong Hou
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Hematology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zining Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Hematology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xuechun Lu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Ramos MJ, Mendes AS, Romão R, Febra J, Araújo A. Immunotherapy in Elderly Patients-Single-Center Experience. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:145. [PMID: 38201572 PMCID: PMC10778430 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer management faces a substantial challenge posed by the aging demographic. Aging is marked by accumulated DNA damage, and this phenomenon is implicated in the process of tumorigenesis. The concept of immunosenescence, postulated to manifest in elderly individuals, is defined by an age-related decline in T cells and a simultaneous elevation in proinflammatory status, leading to a diminished efficacy in response to immunotherapy. Notably, despite the rising prevalence of cancer in the elderly population, their underrepresentation in clinical trials persists. This underscores the unmet need to evaluate the safety and efficacy of cancer treatment in the elderly. This retrospective, single-center cohort study aimed to assess and evaluate the effectiveness and safety of immunotherapy in patients compared to younger individuals with metastatic solid tumors receiving ICI. A total of 220 patients were included, mostly males, with a median age of 64. The proportion of patients ≥ 65 years old was 56.5%. The use of ICI showed no significant differences concerning overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) among age groups across different cancer types (melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), renal, and bladder cancer; p = 0.388). Concerning the response to treatment in renal cancer patients, a significant difference was observed (p = 0.041), suggesting a potential negative impact of age on the treatment response. In patients that presented immune-related adverse events (irAEs), oral corticosteroid therapy was marginally associated (p = 0.059) with the elderly population. When evaluating the NSCLC population alone (n = 131, 59.5%), our study revealed a strong association between the development of irAEs, patients' PFS and OS, and the duration of ICI treatment, but not directly correlated with age. The NSCLC elderly population presented a marginally greater number of irAEs, although without statistical significance (p = 0.86). ICI maintained efficacy and safety in elderly patients, challenging the notion that age alone should determine treatment decisions. The findings emphasize the necessity of a comprehensive geriatric assessment rather than relying solely on chronological age for personalized cancer treatment in the elderly population. Further prospective studies are needed to better understand immune responses in older adults and derive predictive biomarkers for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Ramos
- Medical Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Ana Sofia Mendes
- Medical Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Raquel Romão
- Medical Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Joana Febra
- Medical Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - António Araújo
- Medical Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.M.); (A.A.)
- Oncology Research Unit, UMIB—Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS—School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Porto, 4050-346 Porto, Portugal
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10
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Park SC, Lee YS, Cho KA, Kim SY, Lee YI, Lee SR, Lim IK. What matters in aging is signaling for responsiveness. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 252:108560. [PMID: 37952903 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Biological responsiveness refers to the capacity of living organisms to adapt to changes in both their internal and external environments through physiological and behavioral mechanisms. One of the prominent aspects of aging is the decline in this responsiveness, which can lead to a deterioration in the processes required for maintenance, survival, and growth. The vital link between physiological responsiveness and the essential life processes lies within the signaling systems. To devise effective strategies for controlling the aging process, a comprehensive reevaluation of this connecting loop is imperative. This review aims to explore the impact of aging on signaling systems responsible for responsiveness and introduce a novel perspective on intervening in the aging process by restoring the compromised responsiveness. These innovative mechanistic approaches for modulating altered responsiveness hold the potential to illuminate the development of action plans aimed at controlling the aging process and treating age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Chul Park
- The Future Life & Society Research Center, Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Sam Lee
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung A Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeollanam-do 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Il Lee
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Engineering Major, Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Rock Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeollanam-do 58128, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - In Kyoung Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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11
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Cobanoglu O, Delval L, Ferrari D, Deruyter L, Heumel S, Wolowczuk I, Hussein A, Menevse AN, Bernard D, Beckhove P, Alves F, Trottein F. Depletion of preexisting B-cell lymphoma 2-expressing senescent cells before vaccination impacts antigen-specific antitumor immune responses in old mice. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e14007. [PMID: 37997569 PMCID: PMC10726819 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The age-related decline in immunity reduces the effectiveness of vaccines in older adults. Immunosenescence is associated with chronic, low-grade inflammation, and the accumulation of senescent cells. The latter express Bcl-2 family members (providing resistance to cell death) and exhibit a pro-inflammatory, senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Preexisting senescent cells cause many aging-related disorders and therapeutic means of eliminating these cells have recently gained attention. The potential consequences of senescent cell removal on vaccine efficacy in older individuals are still ignored. We used the Bcl-2 family inhibitor ABT-263 to investigate the effects of pre-vaccination senolysis on immune responses in old mice. Two different ovalbumin (OVA)-containing vaccines (containing a saponin-based or a CpG oligodeoxynucleotide adjuvant) were tested. ABT-263 depleted senescent cells (apoptosis) and ablated the basal and lipopolysaccharide-induced production of SASP-related factors in old mice. Depletion of senescent cells prior to vaccination (prime/boost) had little effect on OVA-specific antibody and T-cell responses (slightly reduced and augmented, respectively). We then used a preclinical melanoma model to test the antitumor potential of senolysis before vaccination (prime with the vaccine and OVA boost by tumor cells). Surprisingly, ABT-263 treatment abrogated the vaccine's ability to protect against B16 melanoma growth in old animals, an effect associated with reduced antigen-specific T-cell responses. Some, but not all, of the effects were age-specific, which suggests that preexisting senescent cells were partly involved. Hence, depletion of senescent cells modifies immune responses to vaccines in some settings and caution should be taken when incorporating senolytics into vaccine-based cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozmen Cobanoglu
- CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 ‐ UMR 9017 ‐ CIIL ‐ Center for Infection and Immunity of LilleUniversity of LilleLilleFrance
| | - Lou Delval
- CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 ‐ UMR 9017 ‐ CIIL ‐ Center for Infection and Immunity of LilleUniversity of LilleLilleFrance
| | - Daniele Ferrari
- Translational Molecular Imaging Group, Max‐Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary SciencesGöttingenGermany
| | - Lucie Deruyter
- CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 ‐ UMR 9017 ‐ CIIL ‐ Center for Infection and Immunity of LilleUniversity of LilleLilleFrance
| | - Séverine Heumel
- CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 ‐ UMR 9017 ‐ CIIL ‐ Center for Infection and Immunity of LilleUniversity of LilleLilleFrance
| | - Isabelle Wolowczuk
- CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 ‐ UMR 9017 ‐ CIIL ‐ Center for Infection and Immunity of LilleUniversity of LilleLilleFrance
| | - Abir Hussein
- Clinic of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Institute of Interventional and Diagnostic RadiologyUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Ayse Nur Menevse
- Clinic of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Institute of Interventional and Diagnostic RadiologyUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - David Bernard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de LyonLyonFrance
| | - Philip Beckhove
- Clinic of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Institute of Interventional and Diagnostic RadiologyUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
- Department of Internal Medicine IIIUniversity Hospital RegensburgRegensburgGermany
| | - Frauke Alves
- Translational Molecular Imaging Group, Max‐Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary SciencesGöttingenGermany
| | - François Trottein
- CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 ‐ UMR 9017 ‐ CIIL ‐ Center for Infection and Immunity of LilleUniversity of LilleLilleFrance
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12
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Smit V, de Mol J, Schaftenaar FH, Depuydt MAC, Postel RJ, Smeets D, Verheijen FWM, Bogers L, van Duijn J, Verwilligen RAF, Grievink HW, Bernabé Kleijn MNA, van Ingen E, de Jong MJM, Goncalves L, Peeters JAHM, Smeets HJ, Wezel A, Polansky JK, de Winther MPJ, Binder CJ, Tsiantoulas D, Bot I, Kuiper J, Foks AC. Single-cell profiling reveals age-associated immunity in atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2508-2521. [PMID: 37390467 PMCID: PMC10676459 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Aging is a dominant driver of atherosclerosis and induces a series of immunological alterations, called immunosenescence. Given the demographic shift towards elderly, elucidating the unknown impact of aging on the immunological landscape in atherosclerosis is highly relevant. While the young Western diet-fed Ldlr-deficient (Ldlr-/-) mouse is a widely used model to study atherosclerosis, it does not reflect the gradual plaque progression in the context of an aging immune system as occurs in humans. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we show that aging promotes advanced atherosclerosis in chow diet-fed Ldlr-/- mice, with increased incidence of calcification and cholesterol crystals. We observed systemic immunosenescence, including myeloid skewing and T-cells with more extreme effector phenotypes. Using a combination of single-cell RNA-sequencing and flow cytometry on aortic leucocytes of young vs. aged Ldlr-/- mice, we show age-related shifts in expression of genes involved in atherogenic processes, such as cellular activation and cytokine production. We identified age-associated cells with pro-inflammatory features, including GzmK+CD8+ T-cells and previously in atherosclerosis undefined CD11b+CD11c+T-bet+ age-associated B-cells (ABCs). ABCs of Ldlr-/- mice showed high expression of genes involved in plasma cell differentiation, co-stimulation, and antigen presentation. In vitro studies supported that ABCs are highly potent antigen-presenting cells. In cardiovascular disease patients, we confirmed the presence of these age-associated T- and B-cells in atherosclerotic plaques and blood. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, we are the first to provide comprehensive profiling of aged immunity in atherosclerotic mice and reveal the emergence of age-associated T- and B-cells in the atherosclerotic aorta. Further research into age-associated immunity may contribute to novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools to combat cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Smit
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jill de Mol
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Frank H Schaftenaar
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marie A C Depuydt
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rimke J Postel
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Diede Smeets
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Fenne W M Verheijen
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Laurens Bogers
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Janine van Duijn
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robin A F Verwilligen
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrika W Grievink
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Zernikedreef 8, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mireia N A Bernabé Kleijn
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eva van Ingen
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike J M de Jong
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lauren Goncalves
- Department of Surgery, Haaglanden Medical Center—location Westeinde, Lijnbaan 32, 2515 VA The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Judith A H M Peeters
- Department of Surgery, Haaglanden Medical Center—location Westeinde, Lijnbaan 32, 2515 VA The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Harm J Smeets
- Department of Surgery, Haaglanden Medical Center—location Westeinde, Lijnbaan 32, 2515 VA The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk Wezel
- Department of Surgery, Haaglanden Medical Center—location Westeinde, Lijnbaan 32, 2515 VA The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Julia K Polansky
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers—location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christoph J Binder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT25.2, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dimitrios Tsiantoulas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT25.2, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ilze Bot
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Kuiper
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Amanda C Foks
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Sitnikova SI, Walker JA, Prickett LB, Morrow M, Valge-Archer VE, Robinson MJ, Wilkinson RW, Dovedi SJ. Age-induced changes in anti-tumor immunity alter the tumor immune infiltrate and impact response to immuno-oncology treatments. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1258291. [PMID: 37920465 PMCID: PMC10618668 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1258291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Immuno-oncology (IO) research relies heavily on murine syngeneic tumor models. However, whilst the average age for a cancer diagnosis is 60 years or older, for practical purposes the majority of preclinical studies are conducted in young mice, despite the fact that ageing has been shown to have a significant impact on the immune response. Methods Using aged (60-72 weeks old) mice bearing CT26 tumors, we investigated the impact of ageing on tumor growth as well as the immune composition of the tumor and peripheral lymphoid organs. Results We found many differences in the immune cell composition of both the tumor and tumor-draining lymph node between aged and young mice, such as a reduction in the naïve T cell population and a decreased intratumoral CD8/Treg ratio in aged animals. We hypothesized that these differences may contribute to impaired anti-cancer immune responses in aged mice and therefore assessed the anti-tumor efficacy of different IO therapies in aged mice, including both co-stimulation (using an anti-OX40 antibody) and immune checkpoint blockade (using anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies). Whilst aged mice retained the capacity to generate anti-tumor immune responses, these were significantly attenuated when compared to the responses observed in young mice. Discussion These differences highlight the importance of age-related immunological changes in assessing and refining the translational insights gained from preclinical mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura B. Prickett
- Early Oncology Bioscience, Research & Development (R&D), AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, United States
| | - Michelle Morrow
- Early Oncology Discovery, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Simon J. Dovedi
- Early Oncology Discovery, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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14
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Hahm JH, Seo HD, Jung CH, Ahn J. Longevity through diet restriction and immunity. BMB Rep 2023; 56:537-544. [PMID: 37482753 PMCID: PMC10618078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The share of the population that is aging is growing rapidly. In an aging society, technologies and interventions that delay the aging process are of great interest. Dietary restriction (DR) is the most reproducible and effective nutritional intervention tested to date for delaying the aging process and prolonging the health span in animal models. Preventive effects of DR on age-related diseases have also been reported in human. In addition, highly conserved signaling pathways from small animal models to human mediate the effects of DR. Recent evidence has shown that the immune system is closely related to the effects of DR, and functions as a major mechanism of DR in healthy aging. This review discusses the effects of DR in delaying aging and preventing age-related diseases in animal, including human, and introduces the molecular mechanisms that mediate these effects. In addition, it reports scientific findings on the relationship between the immune system and DRinduced longevity. The review highlights the role of immunity as a potential mediator of the effects of DR on longevity, and provides insights into healthy aging in human. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(10): 537-544].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hoon Hahm
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Hyo-Deok Seo
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
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15
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Piergallini TJ, Scordo JM, Allué-Guardia A, Pino PA, Zhang H, Cai H, Wang Y, Schlesinger LS, Torrelles JB, Turner J. Acute inflammation alters lung lymphocytes and potentiates innate-like behavior in young mouse lung CD8 T cells, resembling lung CD8 T cells from old mice. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 114:237-249. [PMID: 37196159 PMCID: PMC10473256 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a significant role in lung infection including that caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, in which both adaptive and innate lymphocytes can affect infection control. How inflammation affects infection is understood in a broad sense, including inflammaging (chronic inflammation) seen in the elderly, but the explicit role that inflammation can play in regulation of lymphocyte function is not known. To fill this knowledge gap, we used an acute lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment in young mice and studied lymphocyte responses, focusing on CD8 T cell subsets. LPS treatment decreased the total numbers of T cells in the lungs of LPS mice while also increasing the number of activated T cells. We demonstrate that lung CD8 T cells from LPS mice became capable of an antigen independent innate-like IFN-γ secretion, dependent on IL-12p70 stimulation, paralleling innate-like IFN-γ secretion of lung CD8 T cells from old mice. Overall, this study provides information on how acute inflammation can affect lymphocytes, particularly CD8 T cells, which could potentially affect immune control of various disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tucker J Piergallini
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 8715 W. Military Dr., San Antonio, TX 78227-5302, United States
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, 370 W. 9th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Julia M Scordo
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 8715 W. Military Dr., San Antonio, TX 78227-5302, United States
- Barshop Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, MC 7755, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States
| | - Anna Allué-Guardia
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 8715 W. Military Dr., San Antonio, TX 78227-5302, United States
| | - Paula A Pino
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 8715 W. Military Dr., San Antonio, TX 78227-5302, United States
| | - Hao Zhang
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States
| | - Hong Cai
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States
| | - Yufeng Wang
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States
| | - Larry S Schlesinger
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 8715 W. Military Dr., San Antonio, TX 78227-5302, United States
| | - Jordi B Torrelles
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 8715 W. Military Dr., San Antonio, TX 78227-5302, United States
| | - Joanne Turner
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 8715 W. Military Dr., San Antonio, TX 78227-5302, United States
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16
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Cadar AN, Martin DE, Bartley JM. Targeting the hallmarks of aging to improve influenza vaccine responses in older adults. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:23. [PMID: 37198683 PMCID: PMC10189223 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00348-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Age-related declines in immune response pose a challenge in combating diseases later in life. Influenza (flu) infection remains a significant burden on older populations and often results in catastrophic disability in those who survive infection. Despite having vaccines designed specifically for older adults, the burden of flu remains high and overall flu vaccine efficacy remains inadequate in this population. Recent geroscience research has highlighted the utility in targeting biological aging to improve multiple age-related declines. Indeed, the response to vaccination is highly coordinated, and diminished responses in older adults are likely not due to a singular deficit, but rather a multitude of age-related declines. In this review we highlight deficits in the aged vaccine responses and potential geroscience guided approaches to overcome these deficits. More specifically, we propose that alternative vaccine platforms and interventions that target the hallmarks of aging, including inflammation, cellular senescence, microbiome disturbances, and mitochondrial dysfunction, may improve vaccine responses and overall immunological resilience in older adults. Elucidating novel interventions and approaches that enhance immunological protection from vaccination is crucial to minimize the disproportionate effect of flu and other infectious diseases on older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia N Cadar
- UConn Center On Aging and Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Dominique E Martin
- UConn Center On Aging and Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Jenna M Bartley
- UConn Center On Aging and Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
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17
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Uher O, Hadrava Vanova K, Lencova R, Frejlachova A, Wang H, Zhuang Z, Zenka J, Pacak K. Intratumoral immunotherapy of murine pheochromocytoma shows no age-dependent differences in its efficacy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1030412. [PMID: 37342258 PMCID: PMC10277857 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1030412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has shown remarkable clinical progress in recent years. Although age is one of the biggest leading risk factors for cancer development and older adults represent a majority of cancer patients, only a few new cancer immunotherapeutic interventions have been preclinically tested in aged animals. Thus, the lack of preclinical studies focused on age-dependent effect during cancer immunotherapy could lead to different therapeutic outcomes in young and aged animals and future modifications of human clinical trials. Here, we compare the efficacy of previously developed and tested intratumoral immunotherapy, based on the combination of polysaccharide mannan, toll-like receptor ligands, and anti-CD40 antibody (MBTA immunotherapy), in young (6 weeks) and aged (71 weeks) mice bearing experimental pheochromocytoma (PHEO). The presented results point out that despite faster growth of PHEO in aged mice MBTA intratumoral immunotherapy is effective approach without age dependence and could be one of the possible therapeutic interventions to enhance immune response to pheochromocytoma and perhaps other tumor types in aged and young hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Uher
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czechia
| | - Katerina Hadrava Vanova
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Radka Lencova
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czechia
| | - Andrea Frejlachova
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czechia
| | - Herui Wang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Zhengping Zhuang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jan Zenka
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czechia
| | - Karel Pacak
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
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18
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Lin M, Wang B, Wei B, Li C, Tu L, Zhu X, Wu Z, Huang G, Lu X, Xiong G, Lu S, Yang X, Li P, Liu X, Li W, Lu Y, Zhou H. Characteristics, prognostic determinants of monocytes, macrophages and T cells in acute coronary syndrome: protocol for a multicenter, prospective cohort study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:220. [PMID: 37118659 PMCID: PMC10148483 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03224-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute coronary syndrome(ACS) is the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Immune response has been confirmed to play a vital role in the occurrence and development of ACS. The objective of this prospective, multicenter, observational study is to define immune response and their relationship to the occurrence and progressive of ACS. METHODS This is a multicenter, prospective, observational longitudinal cohort study. The primary outcome is the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) including in-stent restenosis, severe ventricular arrhythmia, heart failure, recurrent angina pectoris, and sudden cardiac death, and stroke one year later after ACS. Demographic characteristics, clinical data, treatments, and outcomes are collected by local investigators. Furthermore, freshly processed samples will be stained and assessed by flow cytometry. The expression of S100A4, CD47, SIRPα and Tim-3 on monocytes, macrophages and T cells in ACS patients were collected. FOLLOW-UP during hospitalization, 3, 6 and 12 months after discharge. DISCUSSION It is expected that this study will reveal the possible targets to improve the prognosis or prevent from occurrence of MACE in ACS patients. Since it's a multicenter study, the enrollment rate of participants will be accelerated and it can ensure that the collected data are more symbolic and improve the richness and credibility of the test basis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study has been registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Center. Ethical approval was obtained from the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University. The dissemination will occur through the publication of articles in international peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2200066382.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzhi Lin
- Department of Cardiology Vascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Cardiology Vascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Lin Tu
- Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, The First People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Zheyi Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Guangwei Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiyang Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Guobao Xiong
- Department of Cardiology Vascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China
| | - Shanglin Lu
- Department of Cardiology Vascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China
| | - Xinglin Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guiyang Public Health Clinical Center, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Peng Li
- Science and Education Division, Guiyang Public Health Clinical Center, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xingde Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Cardiology Vascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China.
| | - Yuming Lu
- Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, The First People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China.
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology Vascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China.
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19
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Dietz LL, Juhl AK, Søgaard OS, Reekie J, Nielsen H, Johansen IS, Benfield T, Wiese L, Stærke NB, Jensen TØ, Jakobsen SF, Olesen R, Iversen K, Fogh K, Bodilsen J, Petersen KT, Larsen L, Madsen LW, Lindvig SO, Holden IK, Raben D, Andersen SD, Hvidt AK, Andreasen SR, Baerends EAM, Lundgren J, Østergaard L, Tolstrup M. Impact of age and comorbidities on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced T cell immunity. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2023; 3:58. [PMID: 37095240 PMCID: PMC10124939 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00277-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older age and chronic disease are important risk factors for developing severe COVID-19. At population level, vaccine-induced immunity substantially reduces the risk of severe COVID-19 disease and hospitalization. However, the relative impact of humoral and cellular immunity on protection from breakthrough infection and severe disease is not fully understood. METHODS In a study cohort of 655 primarily older study participants (median of 63 years (IQR: 51-72)), we determined serum levels of Spike IgG antibodies using a Multiantigen Serological Assay and quantified the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cells using activation induced marker assay. This enabled characterization of suboptimal vaccine-induced cellular immunity. The risk factors of being a cellular hypo responder were assessed using logistic regression. Further follow-up of study participants allowed for an evaluation of the impact of T cell immunity on breakthrough infections. RESULTS We show reduced serological immunity and frequency of CD4 + Spike-specific T cells in the oldest age group (≥75 years) and higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) categories. Male sex, age group ≥75 years, and CCI > 0 is associated with an increased likelihood of being a cellular hypo-responder while vaccine type is a significant risk factor. Assessing breakthrough infections, no protective effect of T cell immunity is identified. CONCLUSIONS SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific immune responses in both the cellular and serological compartment of the adaptive immune system increase with each vaccine dose and are progressively lower with older age and higher prevalence of comorbidities. The findings contribute to the understanding of the vaccine response in individuals with increased risk of severe COVID-19 disease and hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Loksø Dietz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Anna Karina Juhl
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Ole Schmeltz Søgaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Joanne Reekie
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Nielsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Isik Somuncu Johansen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Thomas Benfield
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lothar Wiese
- Department of Medicine, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Nina Breinholt Stærke
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tomas Østergaard Jensen
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine Finne Jakobsen
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Olesen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kasper Iversen
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Emergency Medicine, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Kamille Fogh
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Emergency Medicine, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jacob Bodilsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Lykke Larsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lone Wulff Madsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Susan Olaf Lindvig
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Inge Kristine Holden
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Dorthe Raben
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Jens Lundgren
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Dept of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Østergaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Martin Tolstrup
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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20
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Zöphel D, Kaschek L, Steiner R, Janku S, Chang HF, Lis A. Heterozygous OT-I mice reveal that antigen-specific CD8 + T cells shift from apoptotic to necrotic killers in the elderly. Aging Cell 2023:e13824. [PMID: 36947105 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous alterations in CD8+ T cells contribute to impaired immune responses in elderly individuals. However, the discrimination between cell-intrinsic dysfunctions and microenvironmental changes is challenging. TCR transgenic OT-I mice are utilized to investigate CD8+ T-cell immunity, but their immunodeficient phenotype hampers their use especially in aging. Here, we demonstrate that using a heterozygous OT-I model minimizes the current limitations and provides a valuable tool to assess antigen-specific T-cell responses even at old age. We analyzed phenotypic and functional characteristics of CD8+ T cells from OT-I+/+ and OT-I+/- mice to prove the applicability of the heterozygous system. Our data reveal that OVA-activated CD8+ T cells from adult OT-I+/- mice proliferate, differentiate, and exert cytolytic activity equally to their homozygous counterparts. Moreover, common age-related alterations in CD8+ T cells, including naive T-cell deterioration and decreased proliferative capacity, also occur in elderly OT-I+/- mice, indicating the wide range of applications for in vivo and in vitro aging studies. We used the OT-I+/- model to investigate cell-intrinsic alterations affecting the cytotoxic behavior of aged CD8+ T cells after antigen-specific in vitro activation. Time-resolved analysis of antigen-directed target cell lysis confirmed previous observations that the cytotoxic capacity of CD8+ T cells increases with age. Surprisingly, detailed single cell analysis revealed that transcriptional upregulation of perforin in aged CD8+ T cells shifts the mode of target cell death from granzyme-mediated apoptosis to rapid induction of necrosis. This unexpected capability might be beneficial or detrimental for the aging host and requires detailed evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorina Zöphel
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Lea Kaschek
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Romy Steiner
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Janku
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Hsin-Fang Chang
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Annette Lis
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
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21
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Yunis J, Short KR, Yu D. Severe respiratory viral infections: T-cell functions diverging from immunity to inflammation. Trends Microbiol 2023; 31:644-656. [PMID: 36635162 PMCID: PMC9829516 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory viral infections such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza A virus (IAV) trigger distinct clinical outcomes defined by immunity-based viral clearance or disease associated with exaggerated and prolonged inflammation. The important role of T cells in shaping both antiviral immunity and inflammation has revived interest in understanding the host-pathogen interactions that lead to the diverse functions of T cells in respiratory viral infections. Inborn deficiencies and acquired insufficiency in immunity can prolong infection and shift the immune response towards exacerbated inflammation, which results from persistent innate immune activation and bystander T-cell activation that is nonspecific to the pathogen but is often driven by cytokines. This review discusses how virus variants, exposure doses, routes of infection, host genetics, and immune history can modulate the activation and function of T cells, thus influencing clinical outcomes. Knowledge of virus-host interaction can inform strategies to prevent immune dysfunction in respiratory viral infection and help in the treatment of associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Yunis
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia,Correspondence:
| | - Kirsty R. Short
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Di Yu
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia,Ian Frazer Centre for Children’s Immunotherapy Research, Child Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia,Correspondence:
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22
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Hahm JH, Nirmala FS, Choi PG, Seo HD, Ha TY, Jung CH, Ahn J. The innate immune signaling component FBXC-58 mediates dietary restriction effects on healthy aging in Caenorhabditis elegans. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:21-36. [PMID: 36622277 PMCID: PMC9876644 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) is a highly effective and reproducible intervention that prolongs longevity in many organisms. The molecular mechanism of action of DR is tightly connected with the immune system; however, the detailed mechanisms and effective downstream factors of immunity that mediate the beneficial effects of DR on aging remain unknown. Here, to investigate the immune signaling that mediates DR effects, we used Caenorhabditis elegans, which has been widely used in research, to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of aging and immunity. We found that the F-box gene, fbxc-58, a regulator of the innate immune response, is a novel mediator of DR effects on extending the health span of C. elegans. fbxc-58 is upregulated by DR and is necessary for DR-induced lifespan extension and physical health improvement in C. elegans. Furthermore, through DR, fbxc-58 prevents disintegration of the mitochondrial network in body wall muscle during aging. We found that fbxc-58 is a downstream target of the ZIP-2 and PHA-4 transcription factors, the well-known DR mediator, and fbxc-58 extends longevity in DR through an S6 kinase-dependent pathway. We propose that the novel DR effector, fbxc-58, could provide a new mechanistic understanding of the effects of DR on healthy aging and elucidate the signaling mechanisms that link immunity and DR effects with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hoon Hahm
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, South Korea
| | - Farida S. Nirmala
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon-si 34113, South Korea
| | - Pyeong Geun Choi
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon-si 34113, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Deok Seo
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, South Korea
| | - Tae Youl Ha
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon-si 34113, South Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon-si 34113, South Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon-si 34113, South Korea
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23
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Natalini A, Simonetti S, Favaretto G, Lucantonio L, Peruzzi G, Muñoz-Ruiz M, Kelly G, Contino AM, Sbrocchi R, Battella S, Capone S, Folgori A, Nicosia A, Santoni A, Hayday AC, Di Rosa F. Improved memory CD8 T cell response to delayed vaccine boost is associated with a distinct molecular signature. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1043631. [PMID: 36865556 PMCID: PMC9973452 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1043631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective secondary response to antigen is a hallmark of immunological memory. However, the extent of memory CD8 T cell response to secondary boost varies at different times after a primary response. Considering the central role of memory CD8 T cells in long-lived protection against viral infections and tumors, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the changing responsiveness of these cells to antigenic challenge would be beneficial. We examined here primed CD8 T cell response to boost in a BALB/c mouse model of intramuscular vaccination by priming with HIV-1 gag-encoding Chimpanzee adenovector, and boosting with HIV-1 gag-encoding Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara. We found that boost was more effective at day(d)100 than at d30 post-prime, as evaluated at d45 post-boost by multi-lymphoid organ assessment of gag-specific CD8 T cell frequency, CD62L-expression (as a guide to memory status) and in vivo killing. RNA-sequencing of splenic gag-primed CD8 T cells at d100 revealed a quiescent, but highly responsive signature, that trended toward a central memory (CD62L+) phenotype. Interestingly, gag-specific CD8 T cell frequency selectively diminished in the blood at d100, relative to the spleen, lymph nodes and bone marrow. These results open the possibility to modify prime/boost intervals to achieve an improved memory CD8 T cell secondary response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambra Natalini
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Simonetti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Favaretto
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lucantonio
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Peruzzi
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Rome, Italy
| | - Miguel Muñoz-Ruiz
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin Kelly
- Bioinformatic and Biostatistics Science and Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alfredo Nicosia
- CEINGE, Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Adrian C Hayday
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.,Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Di Rosa
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
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24
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Alvarez-Sanchez N, Dunn SE. Potential biological contributers to the sex difference in multiple sclerosis progression. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1175874. [PMID: 37122747 PMCID: PMC10140530 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1175874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease that targets the myelin sheath of central nervous system (CNS) neurons leading to axon injury, neuronal death, and neurological progression. Though women are more highly susceptible to developing MS, men that develop this disease exhibit greater cognitive impairment and accumulate disability more rapidly than women. Magnetic resonance imaging and pathology studies have revealed that the greater neurological progression seen in males correlates with chronic immune activation and increased iron accumulation at the rims of chronic white matter lesions as well as more intensive whole brain and grey matter atrophy and axon loss. Studies in humans and in animal models of MS suggest that male aged microglia do not have a higher propensity for inflammation, but may become more re-active at the rim of white matter lesions as a result of the presence of pro-inflammatory T cells, greater astrocyte activation or iron release from oligodendrocytes in the males. There is also evidence that remyelination is more efficient in aged female than aged male rodents and that male neurons are more susceptible to oxidative and nitrosative stress. Both sex chromosome complement and sex hormones contribute to these sex differences in biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Alvarez-Sanchez
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Immunology, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shannon E. Dunn
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Immunology, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Shannon E. Dunn,
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25
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Li K, Romero M, Cañardo M, Garcia D, Diaz A, Blomberg BB, Frasca D. B cells from old mice induce the generation of inflammatory T cells through metabolic pathways. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 209:111742. [PMID: 36309082 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We have measured the capacity of B cells from young and old mice to induce the differentiation of naïve CD4 + T cells from young mice into pro-inflammatory subsets. We found that only B cells from old mice are inflammatory and induce in vitro secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-17A and IFN-γ by T cells. In co-culture experiments, B cells from old mice showed a strong helper function on T cells from young mice, making them pro-inflammatory, and this effect is regulated by metabolic pathways, mainly anaerobic glycolysis, leading to increased RNA expression of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA) and increased secretion of lactate. These results have indicated that lactate is a crucial player of the B cell-induced polarization of T cells. When we measured the effects of lactate on isolated CD4 + T cells from young mice, we found that lactate increases RNA expression of LDHA, secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and NF-kB activation. Moreover, lactate effects in culture can be abrogated in the presence of the specific inhibitor of LDHA, FX11. These results altogether may have relevant clinical implications and suggest novel targets for therapeutic interventions in patients with inflammatory conditions and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL USA
| | - Maria Romero
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL USA
| | - Macarena Cañardo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL USA
| | - Denisse Garcia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL USA
| | - Alain Diaz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL USA
| | - Bonnie B Blomberg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL USA
| | - Daniela Frasca
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL USA.
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26
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González-Bermúdez B, Kobayashi H, Abarca-Ortega A, Córcoles-Lucas M, González-Sánchez M, De la Fuente M, Guinea GV, Elices M, Plaza GR. Aging is accompanied by T-cell stiffening and reduced interstitial migration through dysfunctional nuclear organization. Immunology 2022; 167:622-639. [PMID: 36054660 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-associated changes in T-cell function play a central role in immunosenescence. The role of aging in the decreased T-cell repertoire, primarily because of thymic involution, has been extensively studied. However, increasing evidence indicates that aging also modulates the mechanical properties of cells and the internal ordering of diverse cell components. Cellular functions are generally dictated by the biophysical phenotype of cells, which itself is also tightly regulated at the molecular level. Based on previous evidence suggesting that the relative nuclear size contributes to variations of T-cell stiffness, here we examined whether age-associated changes in T-cell migration are dictated by biophysical parameters, in part through nuclear cytoskeleton organization and cell deformability. In this study, we first performed longitudinal analyses of a repertoire of 111 functional, biophysical and biomolecular features of the nucleus and cytoskeleton of mice CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, in both naive and memory state. Focusing on the pairwise correlations, we found that age-related changes in nuclear architecture and internal ordering were correlated with T-cell stiffening and declined interstitial migration. A similarity analysis confirmed that cell-to-cell variation was a direct result of the aging process and we applied regression models to identify biomarkers that can accurately estimate individuals' age. Finally, we propose a biophysical model for a comprehensive understanding of the results: aging involves an evolution of the relative nuclear size, in part through DNA-hypomethylation and nuclear lamin B1, which implies an increased cell stiffness, thus inducing a decline in cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca González-Bermúdez
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Materials Science, E.T.S.I. de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hikaru Kobayashi
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aldo Abarca-Ortega
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Materials Science, E.T.S.I. de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miguel Córcoles-Lucas
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Materials Science, E.T.S.I. de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica González-Sánchez
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica De la Fuente
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo V Guinea
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Materials Science, E.T.S.I. de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Elices
- Department of Materials Science, E.T.S.I. de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo R Plaza
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Materials Science, E.T.S.I. de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
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27
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Inhaled particulate accumulation with age impairs immune function and architecture in human lung lymph nodes. Nat Med 2022; 28:2622-2632. [PMID: 36411343 PMCID: PMC9835154 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-02073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Older people are particularly susceptible to infectious and neoplastic diseases of the lung and it is unclear how lifelong exposure to environmental pollutants affects respiratory immune function. In an analysis of human lymph nodes (LNs) from 84 organ donors aged 11-93 years, we found a specific age-related decline in lung-associated, but not gut-associated, LN immune function linked to the accumulation of inhaled atmospheric particulate matter. Increasing densities of particulates were found in lung-associated LNs with age, but not in the corresponding gut-associated LNs. Particulates were specifically contained within CD68+CD169- macrophages, which exhibited decreased activation, phagocytic capacity, and altered cytokine production compared with non-particulate-containing macrophages. The structures of B cell follicles and lymphatic drainage were also disrupted in lung-associated LNs with particulates. Our results reveal that the cumulative effects of environmental exposure and age may compromise immune surveillance of the lung via direct effects on immune cell function and lymphoid architecture.
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28
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cis interaction of CD153 with TCR/CD3 is crucial for the pathogenic activation of senescence-associated T cells. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111373. [PMID: 36130493 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
With age, senescence-associated (SA) CD4+ T cells that are refractory to T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation are increased along with spontaneous germinal center (Spt-GC) development prone to autoantibody production. We demonstrate that CD153 and its receptor CD30 are expressed in SA-T and Spt-GC B cells, respectively, and deficiency of either CD153 or CD30 results in the compromised increase of both cell types. CD153 engagement on SA-T cells upon TCR stimulation causes association of CD153 with the TCR/CD3 complex and restores TCR signaling, whereas CD30 engagement on GC B cells induces their expansion. Administration of an anti-CD153 antibody blocking the interaction with CD30 suppresses the increase in both SA-T and Spt-GC B cells with age and ameliorates lupus in lupus-prone mice. These results suggest that the molecular interaction of CD153 and CD30 plays a central role in the reciprocal activation of SA-T and Spt-GC B cells, leading to immunosenescent phenotypes and autoimmunity.
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29
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Kwok T, Medovich SC, Silva-Junior IA, Brown EM, Haug JC, Barrios MR, Morris KA, Lancaster JN. Age-Associated Changes to Lymph Node Fibroblastic Reticular Cells. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:838943. [PMID: 35821826 PMCID: PMC9261404 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.838943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The decreased proportion of antigen-inexperienced, naïve T cells is a hallmark of aging in both humans and mice, and contributes to reduced immune responses, particularly against novel and re-emerging pathogens. Naïve T cells depend on survival signals received during their circulation among the lymph nodes by direct contacts with stroma, in particular fibroblastic reticular cells. Macroscopic changes to the architecture of the lymph nodes have been described, but it is unclear how lymph node stroma are altered with age, and whether these changes contribute to reduced naïve T cell maintenance. Here, using 2-photon microscopy, we determined that the aged lymph node displayed increased fibrosis and correspondingly, that naïve T-cell motility was impaired in the aged lymph node, especially in proximity to fibrotic deposition. Functionally, adoptively transferred young naïve T-cells exhibited reduced homeostatic turnover in aged hosts, supporting the role of T cell-extrinsic mechanisms that regulate their survival. Further, we determined that early development of resident fibroblastic reticular cells was impaired, which may correlate to the declining levels of naïve T-cell homeostatic factors observed in aged lymph nodes. Thus, our study addresses the controversy as to whether aging impacts the composition lymph node stroma and supports a model in which impaired differentiation of lymph node fibroblasts and increased fibrosis inhibits the interactions necessary for naïve T cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Kwok
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | | | | | - Elise M Brown
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Joel C Haug
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | | | - Karina A Morris
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
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Sun X, Nguyen T, Achour A, Ko A, Cifello J, Ling C, Sharma J, Hiroi T, Zhang Y, Chia CW, Wood Iii W, Wu WW, Zukley L, Phue JN, Becker KG, Shen RF, Ferrucci L, Weng NP. Longitudinal analysis reveals age-related changes in the T cell receptor repertoire of human T cell subsets. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:158122. [PMID: 35708913 PMCID: PMC9433102 DOI: 10.1172/jci158122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A diverse T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is essential for protection against a variety of pathogens, and TCR repertoire size is believed to decline with age. However, the precise size of human TCR repertoires, in both total and subsets of T cells, as well as their changes with age, are not fully characterized. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of the human blood TCRα and TCRβ repertoire of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets using a unique molecular identifier–based (UMI-based) RNA-seq method. Thorough analysis of 1.9 × 108 T cells yielded the lower estimate of TCR repertoire richness in an adult at 3.8 × 108. Alterations of the TCR repertoire with age were observed in all 4 subsets of T cells. The greatest reduction was observed in naive CD8+ T cells, while the greatest clonal expansion was in memory CD8+ T cells, and the highest increased retention of TCR sequences was in memory CD8+ T cells. Our results demonstrated that age-related TCR repertoire attrition is subset specific and more profound for CD8+ than CD4+ T cells, suggesting that aging has a more profound effect on cytotoxic as opposed to helper T cell functions. This may explain the increased susceptibility of older adults to novel infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Thomas Nguyen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Achouak Achour
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Annette Ko
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey Cifello
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Chen Ling
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Jay Sharma
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Toyoko Hiroi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Gene expression and Genomics Unit, Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Chee W Chia
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - William Wood Iii
- Gene expression and Genomics Unit, Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Wells W Wu
- Facility for Biotechnology Resources, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, United States of America
| | - Linda Zukley
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Je-Nie Phue
- Facility for Biotechnology Resources, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, United States of America
| | - Kevin G Becker
- Gene expression and Genomics Unit, Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Rong-Fong Shen
- Facility for Biotechnology Resources, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, United States of America
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Nan-Ping Weng
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States of America
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31
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Lancaster JN, Keatinge‐Clay DE, Srinivasan J, Li Y, Selden HJ, Nam S, Richie ER, Ehrlich LIR. Central tolerance is impaired in the middle-aged thymic environment. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13624. [PMID: 35561351 PMCID: PMC9197411 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the earliest hallmarks of immune aging is thymus involution, which not only reduces the number of newly generated and exported T cells, but also alters the composition and organization of the thymus microenvironment. Thymic T‐cell export continues into adulthood, yet the impact of thymus involution on the quality of newly generated T‐cell clones is not well established. Notably, the number and proportion of medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) and expression of tissue‐restricted antigens (TRAs) decline with age, suggesting the involuting thymus may not promote efficient central tolerance. Here, we demonstrate that the middle‐aged thymic environment does not support rapid motility of medullary thymocytes, potentially diminishing their ability to scan antigen presenting cells (APCs) that display the diverse self‐antigens that induce central tolerance. Consistent with this possibility, thymic slice assays reveal that the middle‐aged thymic environment does not support efficient negative selection or regulatory T‐cell (Treg) induction of thymocytes responsive to either TRAs or ubiquitous self‐antigens. This decline in central tolerance is not universal, but instead impacts lower‐avidity self‐antigens that are either less abundant or bind to TCRs with moderate affinities. Additionally, the decline in thymic tolerance by middle age is accompanied by both a reduction in mTECs and hematopoietic APC subsets that cooperate to drive central tolerance. Thus, age‐associated changes in the thymic environment result in impaired central tolerance against moderate‐avidity self‐antigens, potentially resulting in export of increasingly autoreactive naive T cells, with a deficit of Treg counterparts by middle age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica N. Lancaster
- Department of Molecular Biosciences The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas USA
| | | | - Jayashree Srinivasan
- Department of Molecular Biosciences The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas USA
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas USA
| | - Hilary J. Selden
- Department of Molecular Biosciences The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas USA
| | - Seohee Nam
- Department of Molecular Biosciences The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas USA
| | - Ellen R. Richie
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas USA
| | - Lauren I. R. Ehrlich
- Department of Molecular Biosciences The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas USA
- Department of Oncology Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas USA
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Gihring A, Gärtner F, Schirmer M, Wabitsch M, Knippschild U. Recent Developments in Mouse Trauma Research Models: A Mini-Review. Front Physiol 2022; 13:866617. [PMID: 35574493 PMCID: PMC9101050 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.866617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The urgency to investigate trauma in a controlled and reproducible environment rises since multiple trauma still account for the most deaths for people under the age of 45. The most common multiple trauma include head as well as blunt thorax trauma along with fractures. However, these trauma remain difficult to treat, partially because the molecular mechanisms that trigger the immediate immune response are not fully elucidated. To illuminate these mechanisms, investigators have used animal models, primarily mice as research subjects. This mini review aims to 1) emphasize the importance of the development of clinically relevant murine trauma research, 2) highlight and discuss the existing conflict between simulating clinically relevant situations and elucidating molecular mechanisms, 3) describe the advantages and disadvantages of established mouse trauma models developed to simulate clinically relevant situations, 4) summarize and list established mouse models in the field of trauma research developed to simulate clinically relevant situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Gihring
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Surgery Center, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Fabian Gärtner
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Surgery Center, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Melanie Schirmer
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Uwe Knippschild
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Surgery Center, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
- *Correspondence: Uwe Knippschild,
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33
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Nicoli F, Cabral-Piccin MP, Papagno L, Gallerani E, Fusaro M, Folcher V, Dubois M, Clave E, Vallet H, Frere JJ, Gostick E, Llewellyn-Lacey S, Price DA, Toubert A, Dupré L, Boddaert J, Caputo A, Gavioli R, Appay V. Altered Basal Lipid Metabolism Underlies the Functional Impairment of Naive CD8 + T Cells in Elderly Humans. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:562-570. [PMID: 35031578 PMCID: PMC7615155 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with functional deficits in the naive T cell compartment, which compromise the generation of de novo immune responses against previously unencountered Ags. The mechanisms that underlie this phenomenon have nonetheless remained unclear. We found that naive CD8+ T cells in elderly humans were prone to apoptosis and proliferated suboptimally in response to stimulation via the TCR. These abnormalities were associated with dysregulated lipid metabolism under homeostatic conditions and enhanced levels of basal activation. Importantly, reversal of the bioenergetic anomalies with lipid-altering drugs, such as rosiglitazone, almost completely restored the Ag responsiveness of naive CD8+ T cells. Interventions that favor lipid catabolism may therefore find utility as adjunctive therapies in the elderly to promote vaccine-induced immunity against targetable cancers and emerging pathogens, such as seasonal influenza viruses and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nicoli
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France;
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mariela P Cabral-Piccin
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
| | - Laura Papagno
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
| | - Eleonora Gallerani
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mathieu Fusaro
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Université Toulouse III, INSERM UMR1291/CNRS UMR5051, Toulouse, France
| | - Victor Folcher
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
| | - Marion Dubois
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Clave
- Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, Université de Paris, INSERM U1160, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Vallet
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
- Service de Gériatrie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Justin J Frere
- Department of Immunobiology and the Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Tucson, AZ
| | - Emma Gostick
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Sian Llewellyn-Lacey
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - David A Price
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Antoine Toubert
- Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, Université de Paris, INSERM U1160, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et d'Histocompatibilité, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Loïc Dupré
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Université Toulouse III, INSERM UMR1291/CNRS UMR5051, Toulouse, France
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jacques Boddaert
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France
- Service de Gériatrie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Antonella Caputo
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Gavioli
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Victor Appay
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, Paris, France;
- International Research Center of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; and
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR5164, INSERM ERL1303, ImmunoConcEpT, Bordeaux, France
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34
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Li J, Huang D, Lei B, Huang J, Yang L, Nie M, Su S, Zhao Q, Wang Y. VLA-4 suppression by senescence signals regulates meningeal immunity and leptomeningeal metastasis. eLife 2022; 11:83272. [PMID: 36484779 PMCID: PMC9803356 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptomeningeal metastasis is associated with dismal prognosis and has few treatment options. However, very little is known about the immune response to leptomeningeal metastasis. Here, by establishing an immunocompetent mouse model of breast cancer leptomeningeal metastasis, we found that tumor-specific CD8+ T cells were generated in deep cervical lymph nodes (dCLNs) and played an important role in controlling leptomeningeal metastasis. Mechanistically, T cells in dCLNs displayed a senescence phenotype and their recruitment was impaired in mice bearing cancer cells that preferentially colonized in leptomeningeal space. Upregulation of p53 suppressed the transcription of VLA-4 in senescent dCLN T cells and consequently inhibited their migration to the leptomeningeal compartment. Clinically, CD8+ T cells from the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with leptomeningeal metastasis exhibited senescence and VLA-4 downregulation. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that CD8+ T cell immunosenescence drives leptomeningeal metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqian Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Di Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Bingxi Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jingying Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Linbing Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Man Nie
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Shicheng Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina,Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qiyi Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ying Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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35
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Sharma R, Diwan B, Sharma A, Witkowski JM. Emerging cellular senescence-centric understanding of immunological aging and its potential modulation through dietary bioactive components. Biogerontology 2022; 23:699-729. [PMID: 36261747 PMCID: PMC9581456 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-09995-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Immunological aging is strongly associated with the observable deleterious effects of human aging. Our understanding of the causes, effects, and therapeutics of aging immune cells has long been considered within the sole purview of immunosenescence. However, it is being progressively realized that immunosenescence may not be the only determinant of immunological aging. The cellular senescence-centric theory of aging proposes a more fundamental and specific role of immune cells in regulating senescent cell (SC) burden in aging tissues that has augmented the notion of senescence immunotherapy. Now, in addition, several emerging studies are suggesting that cellular senescence itself may be prevalent in aging immune cells, and that senescent immune cells exhibiting characteristic markers of cellular senescence, similar to non-leucocyte cells, could be among the key drivers of various facets of physiological aging. The present review integrates the current knowledge related to immunosenescence and cellular senescence in immune cells per se, and aims at providing a cohesive overview of these two phenomena and their significance in immunity and aging. We present evidence and rationalize that understanding the extent and impact of cellular senescence in immune cells vis-à-vis immunosenescence is necessary for truly comprehending the notion of an 'aged immune cell'. In addition, we also discuss the emerging significance of dietary factors such as phytochemicals, probiotic bacteria, fatty acids, and micronutrients as possible modulators of immunosenescence and cellular senescence. Evidence and opportunities related to nutritional bioactive components and immunological aging have been deliberated to augment potential nutrition-oriented immunotherapy during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Sharma
- grid.430140.20000 0004 1799 5083Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229 India
| | - Bhawna Diwan
- grid.430140.20000 0004 1799 5083Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229 India
| | - Anamika Sharma
- grid.464631.20000 0004 1775 3615Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, 500037 India
| | - Jacek M. Witkowski
- grid.11451.300000 0001 0531 3426Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
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36
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Liisborg C, Skov V, Kjær L, Hasselbalch HC, Sørensen TL. Retinal drusen in patients with chronic myeloproliferative blood cancers are associated with an increased proportion of senescent T cells and signs of an aging immune system. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:25763-25777. [PMID: 34954692 PMCID: PMC8751607 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The cause of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is unknown, but evidence indicates that both innate and adaptive immunity play a role in the pathogenesis. Our recent work has investigated AMD in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) since they have increased drusen and AMD prevalence. We have previously found increased levels of chronic low-grade inflammation (CLI) in MPN patients with drusen (MPNd) compared to MPN patients with normal retinas (MPNn). CLI and AMD are both associated with aging, and we, therefore, wanted to study immunosenescence markers in MPNd, MPNn, and AMD. The purpose was to identify differences between MPNd and MPNn, which might reveal novel information relevant to drusen pathophysiology and thereby the AMD pathogenesis. Our results suggest that MPNd have a T cell differentiation profile resembling AMD and more effector memory T cells than MPNn. The senescence-associated-secretory-phenotype (SASP) is associated with effector T cells. SASP is thought to play a role in driving CLI seen with advancing age. Senescent cells with SASP may damage healthy tissue, including the eye tissues affected in AMD. The finding of increased effector cells in MPNd could implicate a role for adaptive immunity and senescent T cells together with increased CLI in drusen pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Liisborg
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Vibe Skov
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | - Lasse Kjær
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | - Hans Carl Hasselbalch
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | - Torben Lykke Sørensen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
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37
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Serre-Miranda C, Roque S, Barreira-Silva P, Nobrega C, Vieira N, Costa P, Palha JA, Correia-Neves M. Age-related sexual dimorphism on the longitudinal progression of blood immune cells in BALB/cByJ mice. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 77:883-891. [PMID: 34741509 PMCID: PMC9071472 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of immune system aging is of relevance, considering its myriad of interactions and role in protecting and maintaining body homeostasis. While mouse models have been extensively used to study immune system aging, little is known on how the main immune populations progress over time and what is the impact of sex. To contribute to filling this gap, male and female BALB/cByJ mice were longitudinally evaluated, from 3 to 18 months old, for the main blood populations, assessed by flow cytometry. Using linear mixed-effect models, we observed that the percentages of neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, and total natural killer (NK) cells increase with aging, while those of B cells, T cells (including CD4+ and CD8+ subsets), and Ly6C+ NK cells decrease. Males present higher percentages of neutrophils and classical monocytes Ly6Chigh over time, while females present higher percentages of total T cells, both CD4+ and CD8+, eosinophils, and NK cells. Males and females display similar percentages of B cells, even though with opposite accelerated progressions over time. This study revealed that mouse models recapitulate what is observed in humans during aging: an overall proportional decrease in the adaptive and an increase in the innate immune cells. Additionally, it uncovers an age-related sexual dimorphism in the proportion of immune cells in circulation, further strengthening the need to explore the impact of sex when addressing immune system aging using mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Serre-Miranda
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Susana Roque
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Palmira Barreira-Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Claudia Nobrega
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Neide Vieira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Patrício Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joana Almeida Palha
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Margarida Correia-Neves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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Chakraborty A, Banerjee S, Mukherjee B, Poddar MK, Ali N. Calorie restriction modulates neuro-immune system differently in young and aged rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 100:108141. [PMID: 34536745 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Aging weakens and deregulates the immune system and plays an impact on the central nervous system (CNS). A crosstalk in between the CNS-mediated immune system and the body's overall innate immunity is often found to increase and subsequently accelerate neurodegeneration and behavioural impairment during aging. Dietary calorie restriction (CR) is found to be a beneficial non-invasive anti-aging therapy as it shows rejuvenation of stress response, brain functions and behaviour during aging. The present investigation deals with the consequence of CR diet supplementation for two different duration (one and two consecutive months) on aging-related alteration of the immune response in male albino Wistar rats at the level of (a) lymphocyte viability, proliferation, cytotoxicity, and DNA fragmentation in blood, spleen, and thymus and (b) cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α) in blood, spleen, thymus and different brain-regions to understand the effect of CR diet on neuroimmune system. The results depict that CR diet consumption for consecutive one and two months by the aged (18 and 24 months) rats significantly attenuated the aging-related (a) decrease of blood, splenic and thymic lymphocyte viability, proliferative activity, cytotoxicity, and IL-10 level and (b) increase of (i) blood, splenic and thymic DNA fragmentation and (ii) IL-6 and TNF-α level in those tissues and also in different brain regions. Unlike older rats, in young (4 months) rats, the consumption of CR diet under similar conditions affected those above-mentioned immune parameters reversibly and adversely. This study concludes that (a) aging significantly (p < 0.01) deregulates the above-mentioned immune parameters, (b) consecutive consumption of CR diet for one and two months is (i) beneficial (p < 0.05) to the aging-related immune system [lymphocyte viability, lymphocyte proliferation, cytotoxicity, pro (IL-6 and TNF-α)- and anti (IL-10)-inflammatory cytokines], but (ii) adverse (p < 0.05) to the immune parameters of the young rats, and (c) consumption of CR diet for consecutive two months is more potent (p < 0.05) than that due to one month.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apala Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C Mallick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Soumyabrata Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C Mallick Road, Kolkata 700032, India; Department of Psychology, Neuroscience Program, Field Neurosciences Institute Research Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
| | - Biswajit Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C Mallick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Mrinal K Poddar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C Mallick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Nahid Ali
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mallick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
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Rausser S, Trumpff C, McGill MA, Junker A, Wang W, Ho SH, Mitchell A, Karan KR, Monk C, Segerstrom SC, Reed RG, Picard M. Mitochondrial phenotypes in purified human immune cell subtypes and cell mixtures. eLife 2021; 10:70899. [PMID: 34698636 PMCID: PMC8612706 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a high-throughput mitochondrial phenotyping platform to quantify multiple mitochondrial features among molecularly defined immune cell subtypes, we quantify the natural variation in mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), citrate synthase, and respiratory chain enzymatic activities in human neutrophils, monocytes, B cells, and naïve and memory T lymphocyte subtypes. In mixed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from the same individuals, we show to what extent mitochondrial measures are confounded by both cell type distributions and contaminating platelets. Cell subtype-specific measures among women and men spanning four decades of life indicate potential age- and sex-related differences, including an age-related elevation in mtDNAcn, which are masked or blunted in mixed PBMCs. Finally, a proof-of-concept, repeated-measures study in a single individual validates cell type differences and also reveals week-to-week changes in mitochondrial activities. Larger studies are required to validate and mechanistically extend these findings. These mitochondrial phenotyping data build upon established immunometabolic differences among leukocyte subpopulations, and provide foundational quantitative knowledge to develop interpretable blood-based assays of mitochondrial health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Rausser
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Caroline Trumpff
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Marlon A McGill
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Alex Junker
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Wei Wang
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Siu-Hong Ho
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Anika Mitchell
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Kalpita R Karan
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Catherine Monk
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States.,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, United States
| | | | - Rebecca G Reed
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Martin Picard
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States.,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, United States.,Department of Neurology, Merritt Center and Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
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Jergović M, Coplen CP, Uhrlaub JL, Nikolich-Žugich J. Immune response to COVID-19 in older adults. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021; 40:1082-1089. [PMID: 34140221 PMCID: PMC8111884 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the third highly pathogenic coronavirus to emerge in the human population in last two decades. SARS-CoV-2 spread from Wuhan, China, across the globe, causing an unprecedented public healthcare crisis. The virus showed remarkable age dependent pathology, with symptoms resembling common cold in most adults and children while causing more severe respiratory distress and significant mortality in older and frail humans. Even before the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak infectious diseases represented one of the major causes of death of older adults. Loss of immune function and reduced protection from infectious agents with age - immunosenescence - is a result of complex mechanisms affecting production and maintenance of immune cells as well as the initiation, maintenance and termination of properly directed immune responses. Here we briefly discuss the current knowledge on how this process affects age-dependent outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mladen Jergović
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, Arizona; University of Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, Arizona.
| | - Christopher P Coplen
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, Arizona; University of Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jennifer L Uhrlaub
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, Arizona; University of Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Janko Nikolich-Žugich
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, Arizona; University of Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, Arizona
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Shirakawa K, Sano M. T Cell Immunosenescence in Aging, Obesity, and Cardiovascular Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092435. [PMID: 34572084 PMCID: PMC8464832 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although advances in preventive medicine have greatly improved prognosis, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. This clearly indicates that there remain residual cardiovascular risks that have not been targeted by conventional therapies. The results of multiple animal studies and clinical trials clearly indicate that inflammation is the most important residual risk and a potential target for CVD prevention. The immune cell network is intricately regulated to maintain homeostasis. Ageing associated changes to the immune system occurs in both innate and adaptive immune cells, however T cells are most susceptible to this process. T-cell changes due to thymic degeneration and homeostatic proliferation, metabolic abnormalities, telomere length shortening, and epigenetic changes associated with aging and obesity may not only reduce normal immune function, but also induce inflammatory tendencies, a process referred to as immunosenescence. Since the disruption of biological homeostasis by T cell immunosenescence is closely related to the development and progression of CVD via inflammation, senescent T cells are attracting attention as a new therapeutic target. In this review, we discuss the relationship between CVD and T cell immunosenescence associated with aging and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohsuke Shirakawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1138421, Japan;
| | - Motoaki Sano
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 1608582, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-(3)-5363-3874
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Age and Sex: Impact on adipose tissue metabolism and inflammation. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 199:111563. [PMID: 34474078 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Age associated chronic inflammation is a major contributor to diseases with advancing age. Adipose tissue function is at the nexus of processes contributing to age-related metabolic disease and mediating longevity. Hormonal fluctuations in aging potentially regulate age-associated visceral adiposity and metabolic dysfunction. Visceral adiposity in aging is linked to aberrant adipogenesis, insulin resistance, lipotoxicity and altered adipokine secretion. Age-related inflammatory phenomena depict sex differences in macrophage polarization, changes in T and B cell numbers, and types of dendritic cells. Sex differences are also observed in adipose tissue remodeling and cellular senescence suggesting a role for sex steroid hormones in the regulation of the adipose tissue microenvironment. It is crucial to investigate sex differences in aging clinical outcomes to identify and better understand physiology in at-risk individuals. Early interventions aimed at targets involved in adipose tissue adipogenesis, remodeling and inflammation in aging could facilitate a profound impact on health span and overcome age-related functional decline.
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Andreas N, Müller S, Templin N, Jordan PM, Schuhwerk H, Müller M, Gerstmeier J, Miek L, Andreas S, Werz O, Kamradt T. Incidence and severity of G6PI-induced arthritis are not increased in genetically distinct mouse strains upon aging. Arthritis Res Ther 2021; 23:222. [PMID: 34429153 PMCID: PMC8383389 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02596-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of rheumatoid arthritis is correlated with age. In this study, we analyzed the association of the incidence and severity of glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (G6PI)-induced arthritis with age in two different mouse strains. Methods Young and very old mice from two different arthritis-susceptible wild-type mouse strains were analyzed after a single subcutaneous injection of G6PI s.c. The metabolism and the function of synoviocytes were analyzed in vitro, the production of bioactive lipid mediators by myeloid cells and synoviocytes was assessed in vitro and ex vivo by UPLC-MS-MS, and flow cytometry was used to verify age-related changes of immune cell composition and function. Results While the severity of arthritis was independent from age, the onset was delayed in old mice. Old mice showed common signs of immune aging like thymic atrophy associated with decreased CD4+ effector T cell numbers. Despite its decrease, the effector T helper (Th) cell compartment in old mice was reactive and functionally intact, and their Tregs exhibited unaltered suppressive capacities. In homeostasis, macrophages and synoviocytes from old mice produced higher amounts of pro-inflammatory cyclooxygenase (COX)-derived products. However, this functional difference did not remain upon challenge in vitro nor upon arthritis reactions ex vivo. Conclusion While old mice show a higher baseline of inflammatory functions, this does not result in increased reaction towards self-antigens in arthritis-susceptible mouse strains. Together, our data from two different mouse strains show that the susceptibility for G6PI-induced arthritis is not age-dependent. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-021-02596-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Andreas
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Jena, Leutragraben 3, 07743, Jena, Germany.
| | - Sylvia Müller
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Jena, Leutragraben 3, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Nicole Templin
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Jena, Leutragraben 3, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Paul M Jordan
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Philosophenweg 14, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Harald Schuhwerk
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Jena, Leutragraben 3, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Müller
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Jena, Leutragraben 3, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Jana Gerstmeier
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Philosophenweg 14, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Laura Miek
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Philosophenweg 14, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Saskia Andreas
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Philosophenweg 14, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Philosophenweg 14, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Kamradt
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Jena, Leutragraben 3, 07743, Jena, Germany.
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Lutshumba J, Nikolajczyk BS, Bachstetter AD. Dysregulation of Systemic Immunity in Aging and Dementia. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:652111. [PMID: 34239415 PMCID: PMC8258160 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.652111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and the tissue-resident innate immune cells, the microglia, respond and contribute to neurodegenerative pathology. Although microglia have been the focus of work linking neuroinflammation and associated dementias like Alzheimer's Disease, the inflammatory milieu of brain is a conglomerate of cross-talk amongst microglia, systemic immune cells and soluble mediators like cytokines. Age-related changes in the inflammatory profile at the levels of both the brain and periphery are largely orchestrated by immune system cells. Strong evidence indicates that both innate and adaptive immune cells, the latter including T cells and B cells, contribute to chronic neuroinflammation and thus dementia. Neurodegenerative hallmarks coupled with more traditional immune system stimuli like infection or injury likely combine to trigger and maintain persistent microglial and thus brain inflammation. This review summarizes age-related changes in immune cell function, with special emphasis on lymphocytes as a source of inflammation, and discusses how such changes may potentiate both systemic and central nervous system inflammation to culminate in dementia. We recap the understudied area of AD-associated changes in systemic lymphocytes in greater detail to provide a unifying perspective of inflammation-fueled dementia, with an eye toward evidence of two-way communication between the brain parenchyma and blood immune cells. We focused our review on human subjects studies, adding key data from animal models as relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Lutshumba
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Barbara S. Nikolajczyk
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Adam D. Bachstetter
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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Prognostic Value of Combing Primary Tumor and Nodal Glycolytic-Volumetric Parameters of 18F-FDG PET in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Regional Lymph Node Metastasis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11061065. [PMID: 34207763 PMCID: PMC8228685 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11061065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether the combination of primary tumor and nodal 18F-FDG PET parameters predict survival outcomes in patients with nodal metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without distant metastasis. We retrospectively extracted pre-treatment 18F-FDG PET parameters from 89 nodal-positive NSCLC patients (stage IIB–IIIC). The Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify independent prognosticators of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). We devised survival stratification models based on the independent prognosticators and compared the model to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system using Harrell’s concordance index (c-index). Our results demonstrated that total TLG (the combination of primary tumor and nodal total lesion glycolysis) and age were independent risk factors for unfavorable OS (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001) and PFS (both p < 0.001), while the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scale independently predicted poor OS (p = 0.022). Our models based on the independent prognosticators outperformed the AJCC staging system (c-index = 0.732 versus 0.544 for OS and c-index = 0.672 versus 0.521 for PFS, both p < 0.001). Our results indicate that incorporating total TLG with clinical factors may refine risk stratification in nodal metastatic NSCLC patients and may facilitate tailored therapeutic strategies in this patient group.
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Critical role of the CD44 lowCD62L low CD8 + T cell subset in restoring antitumor immunity in aged mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2103730118. [PMID: 34088845 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2103730118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cells play a central role in antitumor immune responses that kill cancer cells directly. In aged individuals, CD8+ T cell immunity is strongly suppressed, which is associated with cancer and other age-related diseases. The mechanism underlying this age-related decrease in immune function remains largely unknown. This study investigated the role of T cell function in age-related unresponsiveness to PD-1 blockade cancer therapy. We found inefficient generation of CD44lowCD62Llow CD8+ T cell subset (P4) in draining lymph nodes of tumor-bearing aged mice. In vitro stimulation of naive CD8+ T cells first generated P4 cells, followed by effector/memory T cells. The P4 cells contained a unique set of genes related to enzymes involved in one-carbon (1C) metabolism, which is critical to antigen-specific T cell activation and mitochondrial function. Consistent with this finding, 1C-metabolism-related gene expression and mitochondrial respiration were down-regulated in aged CD8+ T cells compared with young CD8+ T cells. In aged OVA-specific T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic mice, ZAP-70 was not activated, even after inoculation with OVA-expressing tumor cells. The attenuation of TCR signaling appeared to be due to elevated expression of CD45RB phosphatase in aged CD8+ T cells. Surprisingly, strong stimulation by nonself cell injection into aged PD-1-deficient mice restored normal levels of CD45RB and ameliorated the emergence of P4 cells and 1C metabolic enzyme expression in CD8+ T cells, and antitumor activity. These findings indicate that impaired induction of the P4 subset may be responsible for the age-related resistance to PD-1 blockade, which can be rescued by strong TCR stimulation.
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Msimang V, Weyer J, le Roux C, Kemp A, Burt FJ, Tempia S, Grobbelaar A, Moolla N, Rostal MK, Bagge W, Cordel C, Karesh WB, Paweska JT, Thompson PN. Risk factors associated with exposure to Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in animal workers and cattle, and molecular detection in ticks, South Africa. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009384. [PMID: 34048430 PMCID: PMC8162673 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe tick-borne viral zoonosis endemic to parts of Africa, Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia. Human cases are reported annually in South Africa, with a 25% case fatality rate since the first case was recognized in 1981. We investigated CCHF virus (CCHFV) seroprevalence and risk factors associated with infection in cattle and humans, and the presence of CCHFV in Hyalomma spp. ticks in central South Africa in 2017-18. CCHFV IgG seroprevalence was 74.2% (95%CI: 64.2-82.1%) in 700 cattle and 3.9% (95%CI: 2.6-5.8%) in 541 farm and wildlife workers. No veterinary personnel (117) or abattoir workers (382) were seropositive. The prevalence of CCHFV RNA was significantly higher in Hyalomma truncatum (1.6%) than in H. rufipes (0.2%) (P = 0.002). Seroprevalence in cattle increased with age and was greater in animals on which ticks were found. Seroprevalence in cattle also showed significant geographic variation. Seroprevalence in humans increased with age and was greater in workers who handled livestock for injection and collection of samples. Our findings support previous evidence of widespread high CCHFV seroprevalence in cattle and show significant occupational exposure amongst farm and wildlife workers. Our seroprevalence estimate suggests that CCHFV infections are five times more frequent than the 215 confirmed CCHF cases diagnosed in South Africa in the last four decades (1981-2019). With many cases undiagnosed, the potential seriousness of CCHF in people, and the lack of an effective vaccine or treatment, there is a need to improve public health awareness, prevention and disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerle Msimang
- Epidemiology Section, Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, South Africa
- * E-mail:
| | - Jacqueline Weyer
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, South Africa
- Centre for Viral Zoonoses, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Chantel le Roux
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, South Africa
| | - Alan Kemp
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, South Africa
| | - Felicity J. Burt
- Division of Virology, National Health Laboratory Service, Bloemfontein, South Africa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Stefano Tempia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Antoinette Grobbelaar
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, South Africa
| | - Naazneen Moolla
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, South Africa
| | | | - Whitney Bagge
- EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York, United States of America
| | | | | | - Janusz T. Paweska
- Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Sandringham, South Africa
- Centre for Viral Zoonoses, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Peter N. Thompson
- Epidemiology Section, Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
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Palacios-Pedrero MÁ, Osterhaus ADME, Becker T, Elbahesh H, Rimmelzwaan GF, Saletti G. Aging and Options to Halt Declining Immunity to Virus Infections. Front Immunol 2021; 12:681449. [PMID: 34054872 PMCID: PMC8149791 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.681449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosenescence is a process associated with aging that leads to dysregulation of cells of innate and adaptive immunity, which may become dysfunctional. Consequently, older adults show increased severity of viral and bacterial infections and impaired responses to vaccinations. A better understanding of the process of immunosenescence will aid the development of novel strategies to boost the immune system in older adults. In this review, we focus on major alterations of the immune system triggered by aging, and address the effect of chronic viral infections, effectiveness of vaccination of older adults and strategies to improve immune function in this vulnerable age group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Albert D M E Osterhaus
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tanja Becker
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Husni Elbahesh
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Guus F Rimmelzwaan
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Giulietta Saletti
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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Asymmetric cell division shapes naive and virtual memory T-cell immunity during ageing. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2715. [PMID: 33976157 PMCID: PMC8113513 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22954-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient immune responses rely on heterogeneity, which in CD8+ T cells, amongst other mechanisms, is achieved by asymmetric cell division (ACD). Here we find that ageing, known to negatively impact immune responses, impairs ACD in murine CD8+ T cells, and that this phenotype can be rescued by transient mTOR inhibition. Increased ACD rates in mitotic cells from aged mice restore the expansion and memory potential of their cellular progenies. Further characterization of the composition of CD8+ T cells reveals that virtual memory cells (TVM cells), which accumulate during ageing, have a unique proliferation and metabolic profile, and retain their ability to divide asymmetrically, which correlates with increased memory potential. The opposite is observed for naive CD8+ T cells from aged mice. Our data provide evidence on how ACD modulation contributes to long-term survival and function of T cells during ageing, offering new insights into how the immune system adapts to ageing. Asymmetrical cell division helps to maintain cellular heterogeneity in the T cell compartment. Here the authors examine the differential immune responses built by naive and virtual memory T cells from young and aged individuals, and explore the effect of mTOR inhibition on asymmetrical cell division and memory formation.
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Booth JS, Goldberg E, Patil SA, Barnes RS, Greenwald BD, Sztein MB. Age-dependency of terminal ileum tissue resident memory T cell responsiveness profiles to S. Typhi following oral Ty21a immunization in humans. Immun Ageing 2021; 18:19. [PMID: 33874975 PMCID: PMC8053564 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-021-00227-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of aging on the immune system is unequivocal and results in an altered immune status termed immunosenescence. In humans, the mechanisms of immunosenescence have been examined almost exclusively in blood. However, most immune cells are present in tissue compartments and exhibit differential cell (e.g., memory T cells -TM) subset distributions. Thus, it is crucial to understand immunosenescence in tissues, especially those that are exposed to pathogens (e.g., intestine). Using a human model of oral live attenuated typhoid vaccine, Ty21a, we investigated the effect of aging on terminal ileum (TI) tissue resident memory T (TRM) cells. TRM provide immediate adaptive effector immune responsiveness at the infection site. However, it is unknown whether aging impacts TRM S. Typhi-responsive cells at the site of infection (e.g., TI). Here, we determined the effect of aging on the induction of TI S. Typhi-responsive TRM subsets elicited by Ty21a immunization. RESULTS We observed that aging impacts the frequencies of TI-lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMC) TM and TRM in both Ty21a-vaccinated and control groups. In unvaccinated volunteers, the frequencies of LPMC CD103- CD4+ TRM displayed a positive correlation with age whilst the CD4/CD8 ratio in LPMC displayed a negative correlation with age. We observed that elderly volunteers have weaker S. Typhi-specific mucosal immune responses following Ty21a immunization compared to adults. For example, CD103+ CD4+ TRM showed reduced IL-17A production, while CD103- CD4+ TRM exhibited lower levels of IL-17A and IL-2 in the elderly than in adults following Ty21a immunization. Similar results were observed in LPMC CD8+ TRM and CD103- CD8+ T cell subsets. A comparison of multifunctional (MF) profiles of both CD4+ and CD8+ TRM subsets between elderly and adults also showed significant differences in the quality and quantity of elicited single (S) and MF responses. CONCLUSIONS Aging influences tissue resident TM S. Typhi-specific responses in the terminal ileum following oral Ty21a-immunization. This study is the first to provide insights in the generation of local vaccine-specific responses in the elderly population and highlights the importance of evaluating tissue immune responses in the context of infection and aging. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board and registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier NCT03970304 , Registered 29 May 2019 - Retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaum S Booth
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Eric Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Seema A Patil
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robin S Barnes
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Bruce D Greenwald
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marcelo B Sztein
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Program in Oncology, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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