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Hamilton K, Harper JC. Young adult's views on using a poster to learn about fertility: redesigning the fertility education poster. HUM FERTIL 2024; 27:2345675. [PMID: 38804247 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2024.2345675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Fertility awareness should be taught to everyone. The International Reproductive Health Education Collaboration (IRHEC) designed a fertility poster in 2019 but did not have a specific target group in mind. Studies have been conducted in Denmark and Sweden to determine how the poster can be redesigned. In this study, we carried out focus groups with young adults in the UK to ask their views of the poster, with the aim of redesigning it. Six focus groups were undertaken with twenty seven, 18-25 year olds. Five questions were asked: 1. What are your thoughts, feelings, and reactions to the poster? 2. Did you learn anything from the poster? 3. How has reading the poster impacted your opinions or thoughts about having children? 4. What are your opinions about using a poster format to inform and start reflections regarding family building? 5. Reading through each point are there any changes to be made? Content analysis was performed. Themes identified revealed the information on the poster gave the participants some anxiety and apprehension, especially regarding the effect of age on fertility, perceptions of IVF, and gaps in knowledge. The fertility education poster is a good resource for education, but other resources should be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Hamilton
- EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Joyce C Harper
- EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
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Renahan K, Knobl E, Jiang A, Tandon C, Campbell W. School-Based Occupational Therapists' Roles Supporting Transitions Into and Throughout Kindergarten to Grade 12: A Scoping Review. Am J Occup Ther 2024; 78:7805205170. [PMID: 39087880 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2024.050634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Large educational transitions occur when students enter and exit school or move between grades or divisions within the kindergarten to Grade 12 (K-12) school system. For students with disabilities, the quality of large educational transitions affects academic and postschool outcomes, which is germane to school-based occupational therapists. OBJECTIVE To explore the school-based occupational therapy literature to describe the roles of occupational therapists in supporting large educational transitions and to identify relevant terminology. DATA SOURCES We searched six databases (CINAHL, EMCare, Embase, ERIC, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO) for peer-reviewed publications in English with no date limitations. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA COLLECTION We included articles focused on children and youth with disabilities and school-based occupational therapy services supporting large transitions within K to 12 education. Using directed content analysis, we reported on publication characteristics, occupational therapy roles, and terminology. FINDINGS We included 46 publications spanning 37 yr that addressed transitions into school (n = 3), within K to 12 grades or divisions (n = 10), or to exit secondary education (n = 33). Occupational therapists assumed many roles in supporting large transitions, some much more frequently than others; 125 transition terms were used across included articles with few terms explicitly defined. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE School-based occupational therapists' involvement in educational transitions is extensive, with potential for expansion. Consistency in terminology would support future research and practice. Plain-Language Summary: A large educational transition occurs when students move between a school, grade, or division as part of their K to 12 education. For students with disabilities, the quality of a large educational transition affects their academic and postschool outcomes. This review provides an understanding of how school-based occupational therapists support educational transitions for youth with disabilities. The review found that occupational therapists took on many roles, with the potential for expanding their roles. The review also identified 125 transition terms that were used across the literature review and found that few terms were explicitly defined. Consistency in terminology would support future research and expanded occupational therapy practice in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari Renahan
- Kari Renahan, OT Reg (Ont), is PhD Student, School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada;
| | - Erin Knobl
- Erin Knobl, OT Reg (Ont), OTR/L, MSc (OT), MSc (RS), is Research Assistant, School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Annie Jiang
- Annie Jiang, is Research Assistant, CanChild, School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chitrini Tandon
- Chitrini Tandon, MSc, is Research Assistant, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queens University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wenonah Campbell
- Wenonah Campbell, PhD, is Associate Professor, School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Fleurent-Grégoire C, Burgess N, McIsaac DI, Chevalier S, Fiore JF, Carli F, Levett D, Moore J, Grocott MP, Copeland R, Edbrooke L, Engel D, Testa GD, Denehy L, Gillis C. Towards a common definition of surgical prehabilitation: a scoping review of randomised trials. Br J Anaesth 2024; 133:305-315. [PMID: 38677949 PMCID: PMC11282475 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2024.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no universally accepted definition for surgical prehabilitation. The objectives of this scoping review were to (1) identify how surgical prehabilitation is defined across randomised controlled trials and (2) propose a common definition. METHODS The final search was conducted in February 2023 using MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Cochrane. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of unimodal or multimodal prehabilitation interventions (nutrition, exercise, and psychological support) lasting at least 7 days in adults undergoing elective surgery. Qualitative data were analysed using summative content analysis. RESULTS We identified 76 prehabilitation trials of patients undergoing abdominal (n=26, 34%), orthopaedic (n=20, 26%), thoracic (n=14, 18%), cardiac (n=7, 9%), spinal (n=4, 5%), and other (n=5, 7%) surgeries. Surgical prehabilitation was explicitly defined in more than half of these RCTs (n=42, 55%). Our findings consolidated the following definition: 'Prehabilitation is a process from diagnosis to surgery, consisting of one or more preoperative interventions of exercise, nutrition, psychological strategies and respiratory training, that aims to enhance functional capacity and physiological reserve to allow patients to withstand surgical stressors, improve postoperative outcomes, and facilitate recovery.' CONCLUSIONS A common definition is the first step towards standardisation, which is needed to guide future high-quality research and advance the field of prehabilitation. The proposed definition should be further evaluated by international stakeholders to ensure that it is comprehensive and globally accepted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Fleurent-Grégoire
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicola Burgess
- Department of Physiotherapy, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel I McIsaac
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Chevalier
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Julio F Fiore
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Francesco Carli
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Denny Levett
- Perioperative and Critical Care Theme, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton-University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - John Moore
- Department of Anaesthesia, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael P Grocott
- Perioperative and Critical Care Theme, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton-University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Robert Copeland
- Advanced Wellbeing Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield UK
| | - Lara Edbrooke
- Department of Physiotherapy, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Health Services Research, The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dominique Engel
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Dario Testa
- Division of Geriatric and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Florence and Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Linda Denehy
- Department of Physiotherapy, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Health Services Research, The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Chelsia Gillis
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Anesthesia, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Lim AS, Krishnan S, Tan G, Stewart D, Al-Diery T. Do students' self-reflections of performance align with their graded performance in objective structured clinical exams? CURRENTS IN PHARMACY TEACHING & LEARNING 2024; 16:102097. [PMID: 38670829 DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Self-awareness of strengths and weaknesses through self-reflection are important for life-long learning and development. The aim of this study was to assess the alignment in third-year undergraduate pharmacy students' self-reflections of their objective structured clinical exam (OSCE) performance to their actual OSCE scores and explore the most common aspects students reflected on as markers of perceived performance. METHODS Students completed a three-station OSCE and a written self-reflection about their performance. These reflections were coded using a latent pattern content analysis, with categories defined as "doing well (≥ 50% on exam)" and "not doing well (< 50% on exam)" and compared to their actual OSCE exam scores, to determine the degree of alignment. RESULTS Two hundred sixty-nine students completed the OSCE and reflection. Students had a low degree of alignment between their self-reflections and actual OSCE performance. Low alignment was overwhelmingly prevalent and significant in high-achieving students with OSCE scores of ≥90%. Most common aspects students reflected on as indicators of performance were finishing on time and communicating effectively. High-achieving students reflected on aspects such as empathy, systematic questioning, and patient teach-back as aspects of their performance. CONCLUSIONS Student reflections on exam performance do not align with their actual performance, particularly amongst the high-achieving students. High-achieving students were more aware of the different aspects that affected their performance. To ensure that high-achieving students are aware of their strengths, educators should provide more targeted feedback mechanisms and positive reassurances to help these students become more confident in their decision-making skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina S Lim
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
| | | | - George Tan
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Derek Stewart
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Tarik Al-Diery
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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Evans HE, Sansom-Daly UM, Bryant RA. Attachment as a mechanism influencing end-of-life communication: An analogue investigation. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303652. [PMID: 39083512 PMCID: PMC11290637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Talking about dying when faced with end-of-life may be important for achieving optimal outcomes for young people and their families. Given the lack of research on young people's communication around end-of-life and death, this analogue study examined the role of attachment theory in conversations about dying. Experiment 1 assessed attachment security of 80 healthy young adults and randomised them to receive either an induction that raised awareness of one's attachment figures or a neutral induction, and then primed them with an imagined scenario where they were diagnosed with an incurable illness. Participants then completed a self-report measure of their willingness to discuss end-of-life topics with family, friends, or a psychologist. The experimental attachment induction did not increase willingness to talk about end-of-life concepts. Experiment 2 extended this design and asked participants to describe these conversations and assessed the content of their imagined end-of-life conversations. Experiment 2 replicated the finding that enhancing individuals' awareness of key attachment figures did not increase participants' willingness to engage in end-of-life conversations. However, heightened attachment awareness led participants to talk more about their relationship with the person they were hypothetically talking with. Across both experiments, avoidant attachment tendencies reduced the likelihood that participants receiving the attachment prime would want to engage in end-of-life conversation. Overall, it seems there are important differences between individuals on willingness to talk about death, and this may be influenced by one's attachment style. These results raise implications for the importance of attachment in the therapeutic relationship for healthcare professionals working with young people with life-limiting illnesses, such as cancer. Further research may shed light on how an individually tailored approach, taking into account attachment security, achieves the best outcomes for individuals who require end-of-life conversations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly E Evans
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, Randwick Clinical Campus, Discipline of Paediatrics, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ursula M Sansom-Daly
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, Randwick Clinical Campus, Discipline of Paediatrics, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Youth Cancer Service, Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard A Bryant
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Bijker R, Merkouris SS, Dowling NA, Rodda SN. ChatGPT for Automated Qualitative Research: Content Analysis. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e59050. [PMID: 39052327 DOI: 10.2196/59050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data analysis approaches such as qualitative content analysis are notoriously time and labor intensive because of the time to detect, assess, and code a large amount of data. Tools such as ChatGPT may have tremendous potential in automating at least some of the analysis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the utility of ChatGPT in conducting qualitative content analysis through the analysis of forum posts from people sharing their experiences on reducing their sugar consumption. METHODS Inductive and deductive content analysis were performed on 537 forum posts to detect mechanisms of behavior change. Thorough prompt engineering provided appropriate instructions for ChatGPT to execute data analysis tasks. Data identification involved extracting change mechanisms from a subset of forum posts. The precision of the extracted data was assessed through comparison with human coding. On the basis of the identified change mechanisms, coding schemes were developed with ChatGPT using data-driven (inductive) and theory-driven (deductive) content analysis approaches. The deductive approach was informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework using both an unconstrained coding scheme and a structured coding matrix. In total, 10 coding schemes were created from a subset of data and then applied to the full data set in 10 new conversations, resulting in 100 conversations each for inductive and unconstrained deductive analysis. A total of 10 further conversations coded the full data set into the structured coding matrix. Intercoder agreement was evaluated across and within coding schemes. ChatGPT output was also evaluated by the researchers to assess whether it reflected prompt instructions. RESULTS The precision of detecting change mechanisms in the data subset ranged from 66% to 88%. Overall κ scores for intercoder agreement ranged from 0.72 to 0.82 across inductive coding schemes and from 0.58 to 0.73 across unconstrained coding schemes and structured coding matrix. Coding into the best-performing coding scheme resulted in category-specific κ scores ranging from 0.67 to 0.95 for the inductive approach and from 0.13 to 0.87 for the deductive approaches. ChatGPT largely followed prompt instructions in producing a description of each coding scheme, although the wording for the inductively developed coding schemes was lengthier than specified. CONCLUSIONS ChatGPT appears fairly reliable in assisting with qualitative analysis. ChatGPT performed better in developing an inductive coding scheme that emerged from the data than adapting an existing framework into an unconstrained coding scheme or coding directly into a structured matrix. The potential for ChatGPT to act as a second coder also appears promising, with almost perfect agreement in at least 1 coding scheme. The findings suggest that ChatGPT could prove useful as a tool to assist in each phase of qualitative content analysis, but multiple iterations are required to determine the reliability of each stage of analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimke Bijker
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Simone N Rodda
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
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Asl FM, Maserat E, Vaezi M, Mohammadzadeh Z. Designing a core data set for benign hysterectomy registration system and its implementation in a referral teaching hospital in Northwest Iran. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:460. [PMID: 38961444 PMCID: PMC11223272 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06656-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although minimally invasive hysterectomy offers advantages, abdominal hysterectomy remains the predominant surgical method. Creating a standardized dataset and establishing a hysterectomy registry system present opportunities for early interventions in reducing volume and selecting benign hysterectomy methods. This research aims to develop a dataset for designing benign hysterectomy registration system. METHODS Between April and September 2020, a qualitative study was carried out to create a data set for enrolling patients who were candidate for hysterectomy. At this stage, the research team conducted an information needs assessment, relevant data element identification, registry software development, and field testing; Subsequently, a web-based application was designed. In June 2023the registry software was evaluated using data extracted from medical records of patients admitted at Al-Zahra Hospital in Tabriz, Iran. RESULTS During two months, 40 patients with benign hysterectomy were successfully registered. The final dataset for the hysterectomy patient registry comprise 11 main groups, 27 subclasses, and a total of 91 Data elements. Mandatory data and essential reports were defined. Furthermore, a web-based registry system designed and evaluated based on data set and various scenarios. CONCLUSION Creating a hysterectomy registration system is the initial stride toward identifying and registering hysterectomy candidate patients. this system capture information about the procedure techniques, and associated complications. In Iran, this registry can serve as a valuable resource for assessing the quality of care delivered and the distribution of clinical measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Moghadami Asl
- Department of Health Information Technology, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah St, Tabriz, 5165665811, Iran
| | - Elham Maserat
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Vaezi
- Associate professor of Gynecology, Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Alzahra Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Health Information Technology, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah St, Tabriz, 5165665811, Iran.
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Lazarus MM, Bush RL, McNeil S. Examining the Intersection of Strategic Thinking and Continuous Process Improvement Through the Lens of Military Medical Education to Build a Novel Model. Mil Med 2024; 189:190-196. [PMID: 38300224 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usae009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2020, the U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine hired its first civilian dean since its founding in 1918, tasked with building the school's first strategic plan to modernize and improve the institution. Using a combination of military continuous process improvement and academic strategic thinking, the dean produced a highly successful strategic plan. However, its resource-heavy and time-consuming methodology made it difficult to replicate. This study aimed to create a novel and streamlined strategic planning model that combined best practices from continuous process improvement and strategic thinking without redundancy. A qualitative descriptive case study was used to analyze the detailed efforts through content analysis of 150 pages of documentation. A hybrid approach to coding uncovered 44 deductive codes and 5 inductive codes from 10 strategic tools. Results indicated a converging relationship between all strategic processes tested-strategic planning, strategic thinking, and continuous process improvement and their associated tools. A five-step model called the Triple "O" OODA Loop was created, combining best practice tools from strategic planning (purpose trident and SWOT analysis or strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats), strategic thinking (Hot Spots scale and GOST framework or goals, objectives, strategies, and tactics) and continuous process improvement (phases 6-8).
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie M Lazarus
- U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45324, USA
| | - Ruth L Bush
- University of Texas Medical Branch, John Sealy School of Medicine, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Sara McNeil
- University of Houston, College of Education, Houston, TX 77204, USA
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Grand'Maison V. Resisting invisibility in healthcare responses to gender-based violence: a content analysis. HEALTH SOCIOLOGY REVIEW : THE JOURNAL OF THE HEALTH SECTION OF THE AUSTRALIAN SOCIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION 2024; 33:144-159. [PMID: 38803283 DOI: 10.1080/14461242.2024.2350510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Women and girls with disabilities are located at the intersections of patriarchal, ableist, and other structures of oppression that produce specific and heightened vulnerabilities to gender-based violence (GBV). Public health practitioners widely recognise the role of the healthcare sector in addressing GBV, however the role of the healthcare sector in addressing GBV must be questioned given ongoing barriers to healthcare access for people with disabilities. Grounded in an intersectional framework, I conducted a summative content analysis of GBV healthcare interventions to examine whether and how disability and intersectionality are mobilised in public health understanding of, and strategies to, address GBV. By bringing visibility to the ways in which silences construct and sustain the invisibility of women with disabilities and other social structures, I argue that GBV healthcare responses not only fail to provide care for women with disabilities across social locations, but they also risk reproducing understandings that devalue their lives.
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Kovtun O, Tilek kyzy E, Masiumova N. Being yourself is a defect: analysis of documented rights violations related to sexual orientation, gender identity and HIV in 2022 using the REAct system in six eastern European, Caucasus and Central Asian countries. J Int AIDS Soc 2024; 27 Suppl 3:e26311. [PMID: 39030870 PMCID: PMC11258482 DOI: 10.1002/jia2.26311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Removing legal barriers to HIV services is crucial for the global 2030 goal of ending the HIV and AIDS epidemic, particularly in eastern Europe, the Caucasus and central Asia. Despite state commitments to uphold human rights, gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM), along with transgender people (TP) still face stigma and discrimination. This article presents an analysis of rights violations based on sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) and HIV reported in 2022 across six countries, highlighting features and their links to legislation and law enforcement practices. METHODS We examined documented cases of rights violations among gbMSM and TP in Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Ukraine in 2022 using the REAct system, a tool for documenting and responding to rights violations against key populations. Initially, we employed directed content analysis based on Yogyakarta Principles to analyse narratives of violations. A codebook was developed through contextual, manifest and latent coding, with themes, categories and codes converted into quantitative variables for statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to identify the characteristics of violations. RESULTS A total of 456 cases of rights violations related to SOGI and HIV were documented, ranging from 22 cases in Tajikistan to 217 in Ukraine. Most violations concerned gbMSM (76.5%), with one-fifth involving TP, predominantly transgender women. Complex violations with multiple perpetrators or infringements were documented in Armenia and central Asia. Privacy rights were commonly violated, often through outing. Cases of violations of the right to the highest attainable standard of health (13.6%) and protection from medical abuses (2.6%) were also documented. Other rights violations were sporadic, with each country exhibiting distinct patterns of violated rights and types of violations. In Ukraine, the full-scale war in 2022 influenced the nature of documented cases, reflecting the challenges faced by gbMSM and TP. CONCLUSIONS Monitoring rights violations proved effective for assessing the situation of gbMSM and TP, particularly in the insufficiently studied and diverse eastern Europe, Caucasus and central Asia regions. As rights violations are linked to both legislation and law enforcement practices, comprehensive interventions to minimize structural and interpersonal stigma are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elvira Tilek kyzy
- Eurasian Coalition on HealthRights, Gender and Sexual DiversityTallinnEstonia
| | - Nadira Masiumova
- Eurasian Coalition on HealthRights, Gender and Sexual DiversityTallinnEstonia
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Adler RR, Pomer A, Diviti S, Lewis J, Tan-McGrory A, Weissman JS. Understanding the Roles, Responsibilities, and Factors for Success of Health Equity Officers in Health Care Settings: A Qualitative Study. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2024; 30:E165-E173. [PMID: 38870385 DOI: 10.1097/phh.0000000000001970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Recent national guidelines aimed at addressing equity in health care settings have contributed to an increase in equity officer positions, yet little is known about their roles, responsibilities, or strategies for engaging in health equity work. OBJECTIVE To understand the roles and responsibilities of equity officers, as well as facilitators and barriers to their success. DESIGN In-depth semi-structured interviews with selected respondents from the Equity Officer National Study. SETTING Hospitals and health care systems across the United States. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-six equity officers who had responded to the Equity Officer National Study survey. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The interview guide explored strategies, facilitators, and barriers for engaging in health equity work in hospitals/health systems and communities. RESULTS The job roles described by participants fell into 4 categories: community benefits/relations, population/community health, workforce, and health equity. Equity officers described key areas to support success at the individual equity officer level: knowledge and expertise, professional skills, and interpersonal skills; at the hospital level: leadership, workforce, infrastructure and resources, and policies and processes; at the community level: leadership and partnerships; and at the system level: requirements and regulations, investment and resources, and sociocultural and political characteristics of the community. These key areas have been organized to create a Framework for Equity Officer Success. CONCLUSIONS The Framework for Equity Officer Success should be incorporated into hospital board, community stakeholder, and policymaker discussions about how to support health equity work in hospitals and health care systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel R Adler
- Author Affiliations: Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (Drs Adler and Pomer, Ms Diviti, and Dr Weissman); American Hospital Association, Institute for Diversity and Health Equity, Chicago, Illinois (Ms Lewis); and Disparities Solutions Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (Ms Tan-McGrory)
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Santa K, Dixon C, Ganga RN, Trainor G, Smith G, Furfie V, Brown H. Facilitating Access to Mental Health Services: A Stakeholder-Driven Improvement of the Children and Young People (CYP) as One Referral Platform. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:784. [PMID: 38929030 PMCID: PMC11203779 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21060784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
(1) Background: Pre-pandemic, child and adolescent mental health service (CAMHS) referrals were paper based in Liverpool and Sefton (England, United Kingdom), causing delays in waiting times. The "CYP as One" online mental health referral platform was co-created to overcome these challenges. (2) Methods: This study aims to improve "CYP as One" accessibility and usability and, subsequently, support CAMHS to improve waiting times. The current study utilised the Living Lab approach. We conducted content analysis on completed online referrals extracted from the "CYP as One" platform. These findings were supplemented by seven online focus groups, with 16-19-year-old young people, parents of children under 16, and health service providers. Thematic analysis was conducted on all data. (3) Results: The thematic analysis returned seven themes, namely (i) "CYP as One" vs. Traditional Referrals, (ii) Gender and Language Dynamics, (iii) Digital Empathy in Action, (iv) the Influence of the Provider Perspective, (v) Age and Social Sensitivity, (vi) Enhancing Access to Information, and (vii) Boosting Admin and Clinical Efficiency. (4) Conclusions: Digital content that seeks to replace in-person referrals can provide adequate support to children and young people who have faced difficulties accessing mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Santa
- School of Nursing and Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L2 2ER, UK
| | - Chloe Dixon
- School of Nursing and Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L2 2ER, UK
| | - Rafaela Neiva Ganga
- Liverpool Business School, Faculty of Business and Law, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L1 2TZ, UK
| | - Gemma Trainor
- School of Nursing and Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L2 2ER, UK
| | - Grahame Smith
- School of Nursing and Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L2 2ER, UK
| | | | - Holly Brown
- Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Liverpool L14 5AB, UK
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Michael N, Jones D, Kernick L, Kissane D. Does voluntary assisted dying impact quality palliative care? A retrospective mixed-method study. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2024:spcare-2024-004946. [PMID: 38871403 DOI: 10.1136/spcare-2024-004946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to explore the relationship between the pursuit of voluntary assisted dying (VAD) and the delivery of quality palliative care in an Australian state where VAD was newly available METHODS: We adopted a retrospective convergent mixed-methods design to gather and interpret data from records of 141 patients who expressed an interest in and did or did not pursue VAD over 2 years. Findings were correlated against quality domains. RESULTS The mean patient age was 72.4 years, with the majority male, married/partnered, with a cancer diagnosis and identifying with no religion. One-third had depression, anxiety or such symptoms, half were in the deteriorating phase, two-thirds required help with self-care and 83.7% reported moderate/severe symptoms. Patients sought VAD because of a desire for autonomy (68.1%), actual suffering (57.4%), fear of future suffering (51.1%) and social concerns (22.0%). VAD enquiries impacted multiple quality domains, both enhancing or impeding whole person care, family caregiving and the palliative care team. Open communication promoted adherence to therapeutic options and whole person care and allowed for timely access to palliative care. Patients sought VAD over palliative care as a solution to suffering, with the withholding of information impacting relationships. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS As legislation is expanded across jurisdictions, palliative care is challenged to accompany patients on their chosen path. Studies are necessary to explore how to ensure the quality of palliative care remains enhanced in those who pursue VAD and support continues for caregivers and staff in their accompaniment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Michael
- Monash University Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David Jones
- Anscombe Bioethics Centre, Oxford, UK
- St Mary's University Twickenham, London, UK
| | - Lucy Kernick
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David Kissane
- Monash University Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Jackson KT, Mantler T, O'Keefe-McCarthy S, Davidson CA, Shillington KJ, Yates J. "Breaking through the Brokenness": An Arts-Based Qualitative Exploration of Pregnant Women's Experience of Intimate Partner Violence while Receiving Trauma- and Violence-Informed Antenatal Care. Creat Nurs 2024:10784535241256872. [PMID: 38860523 DOI: 10.1177/10784535241256872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a pervasive, worldwide public health concern. Risk of IPV may elevate during the perinatal period, increasing maternal and fetal health risks. Trauma- and violence-informed care shows promise among interventions addressing associated mental health sequelae. As a secondary analysis, the purpose of this study was to employ a qualitative arts-based exploration to better understand pregnant women's experiences of trauma and violence-informed perinatal care in the context of IPV. Using an arts-based qualitative methodology, different art forms were used to analyze, interpret, and report data, resulting in a layered exploration to represent phenomena. From this, four themes were reflected in four poetic pieces: Black Deep Corners, Triggering my Thoughts, Breaking through the Brokenness, and Now Perfectly Imperfect. Nine pieces of visual art were created reflecting these themes, creating a layered, embodied, artistic way to empathically explore and translate phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley T Jackson
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tara Mantler
- School of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sheila O'Keefe-McCarthy
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Brock University, St. Catharine's, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cara A Davidson
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katie J Shillington
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julia Yates
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Tsow R, Pollock C, Mehta S, Turcott A, Kang R, Schmidt J. A Look at Traumatic Brain Injury Community Programs in British Columbia: Barriers and facilitators of implementation. Brain Inj 2024; 38:539-549. [PMID: 38465902 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2024.2327471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES 1) Characterize the delivery of programs that support acceptance and resiliency for people with brain injury in the healthcare sector; 2) Understand the barriers and facilitators in implementation of programs to support self-acceptance and resiliency for people with brain injury. DESIGN Participatory focus groups were used to explore experiences of conducting brain injury programs and knowledge of the barriers and facilitators to their implementation. Focus group data were analyzed with manifest content analysis to minimally deviate from broad and structural information provided by participants. SETTING Four focus group sessions were conducted online through a video calling platform. PARTICIPANTS 22 individuals from community associations conducting programs for people with brain injury. Participants were recruited from a public brain injury organization database. RESULTS Systemic challenges such as access to and allocation of funding require navigation support. Resource consistency and availability, including stable program leaders and a welcoming atmosphere, are important for program implementation and sustainability. Shared experiences promote connection with the community and personal development. CONCLUSIONS This study informs individual- and community-level approaches to promote meaningful life after brain injury. Findings highlight existing resources and support future programming for people with brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Tsow
- Rehabilitation Research Program, Centre for Aging SMART, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada a
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Courtney Pollock
- Rehabilitation Research Program, Centre for Aging SMART, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada a
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Swati Mehta
- Parkwood Institute Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Alyssa Turcott
- Rehabilitation Research Program, Centre for Aging SMART, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada a
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ruthine Kang
- Rehabilitation Research Program, Centre for Aging SMART, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada a
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Julia Schmidt
- Rehabilitation Research Program, Centre for Aging SMART, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada a
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Wolf LE, Kench S, Ledford CJW. A taxing problem: The impacts of research payment practices on participants and inclusive research. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303112. [PMID: 38843164 PMCID: PMC11156289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Empirical data regarding payments to participants in research is limited. This lack of information constrains our understanding of the effectiveness of payments to achieve scientific goals with respect to recruitment, retention, and inclusion. We conducted a content analysis of consent forms and protocols available on clinicaltrials.gov to determine what information researchers provide regarding payment. We extracted data from HIV (n = 101) and NIMH-funded studies (n = 65) listed on clinicaltrials.gov that had publicly posted a consent form. Using a manifest content analysis approach, we then coded the language regarding payment from the consent document and, where available, protocol for purpose and method of the payment. Although not part of our original planned analysis, the tax-related information that emerged from our content analysis of the consent form language provided additional insights into researcher payment practices. Accordingly, we also recorded whether the payment section mentioned social security numbers (or other tax identification number) in connection with payments and whether it made any statements regarding the Internal Revenue Service or the tax status of payments. We found studies commonly offered payment, but did not distinguish between the purposes for which payment may be offered (i.e., compensation, reimbursement, incentive, or appreciation). We also found studies that excluded some participants from receiving payment or treated them differently from other participants in the study. Differential treatment was typically linked to US tax laws and other legal requirements. A number of US studies also discussed the need to collect Social Security numbers and income reporting based on US tax laws. Collectively, these practices disadvantage some participants and may interfere with efforts to conduct more inclusive research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie E. Wolf
- Georgia State University College of Law, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Samantha Kench
- Georgia State University College of Law, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Christy J. W. Ledford
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
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Klockar E, Kylén M, McCarthy L, Koch LV, Gustavsson C, Jones F, Elf M. The Swedish Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire: translation and cross-cultural adaptation. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2024; 8:55. [PMID: 38837039 PMCID: PMC11153470 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-024-00735-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To translate and cross-culturally adapt the Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SSEQ) from English to Swedish and to evaluate psychometric properties of the questionnaire. METHODS A cross-sectional study design, where the translation followed a process including initial translation, synthesis, backward translation, expert committee, and pretest. Content validity was assessed using Content validity index (CVI). Psychometric assessments included floor-ceiling effects and internal consistency. RESULTS Language and cultural congruence were achieved, and content validity index scores were high (0.923-1). The psychometric evaluations provided acceptable outcomes concerning internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha scores for the total scale (0.902), the activities subscale (0.861) and the self-management subscale (0.818) respectively. Ceiling effects were evident, but no floor effects. CONCLUSION This study found the Swedish version of the SSEQ promising as a tool for assessment of self-efficacy in a Swedish stroke care setting, although further psychometric assessments are recommended in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Klockar
- School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Högskolegatan 2, Falun, Sweden.
| | - Maya Kylén
- School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Högskolegatan 2, Falun, Sweden
- Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Linnea McCarthy
- School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Högskolegatan 2, Falun, Sweden
| | - Lena von Koch
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Neuro, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catharina Gustavsson
- School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Högskolegatan 2, Falun, Sweden
- Center for Clinical Research Dalarna, Falun, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fiona Jones
- Faculty of Health and Social Care Sciences, Kingston University & St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Marie Elf
- School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Högskolegatan 2, Falun, Sweden
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Jindal J, Launer D, France HS, Hey M, Song K, Portwood C, Richards G, Dernie F. Preventable deaths involving sepsis in England and Wales, 2013-2022: a systematic case series of coroners' reports. Infection 2024; 52:945-954. [PMID: 38079094 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-023-02140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Coroners' Prevention of Future Death (PFDs) reports are an under-utilized resource to learn about preventable deaths in England and Wales. We aimed to identify sepsis-related PFDs and explore the causes and concerns in this subset of preventable sepsis deaths. METHODS Four thousand three hundred five reports were acquired from the Courts and Tribunals Judiciary website between July 2013 and November 2022, which were screened for sepsis. Demographic information, coroners concerns and responses to these reports were extracted and analyzed, including a detailed paediatric subgroup analysis. RESULTS Two hundred sixty-five reports (6% of total PFDs) involved sepsis-related deaths. The most common cause of death in these reports was "sepsis without septic shock" (42%) and the most common site of infection was the respiratory system (18%) followed by gastrointestinal (16%) and skin (13%) infections. Specific pathogens were named in few reports (27%). Many deaths involved multimorbid patients (49%) or those with recent surgery (26%). Coroners named 773 individual concerns, the most frequent were: a failure to keep accurate records or notes (28%), failure in communication or handover (27%) or failure to recognize risk factors or comorbidities (20%). Paediatric cases frequently reported issues with sepsis screening tools (26%). Sepsis PFDs resulted in 421 individual reports being sent, of which 45% received no response. Most organisations who did respond acknowledged concerns and initiated a new change (74%). CONCLUSION Sepsis-related PFDs provide valuable insights into preventable causes of sepsis and identify important sources of improvement in sepsis care. Wider dissemination of findings is vital to learn from these reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessy Jindal
- Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - David Launer
- Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Harrison S France
- Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Molly Hey
- Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Kaiyang Song
- Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Clara Portwood
- Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Georgia Richards
- Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Francesco Dernie
- Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
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Calcaterra SL, Dafoe A, Tietbohl C, Thurman L, Bredenberg E. Unintended consequences of methadone regulation for opioid use disorder treatment among hospitalized patients. J Hosp Med 2024; 19:460-467. [PMID: 38507276 PMCID: PMC11282870 DOI: 10.1002/jhm.13329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the United States, there are no federal restrictions on the use of methadone to manage opioid withdrawal symptoms when patients are hospitalized with a medical or surgical condition other than addiction. In contrast, in an outpatient setting, methadone for opioid use disorder (OUD) is highly regulated by federal and state governments and can only be dispensed from an opioid treatment program (OTP). Discrepancies in regulatory requirements across these settings may lead to barriers in care for patients with OUD. OBJECTIVE Identify how methadone regulation impacts the care of patients with OUD during hospitalization, care transitions, and in the OTP setting. METHODS We completed 26 interviews with clinicians and social workers working on hospital-based addiction consultation services across the United States. Study findings are the result of a secondary content analysis of interviews to identifying the word "methadone" and construct themes resulting from the data. RESULTS We identified three major themes related to "methadone" for OUD treatment, all of which impacted patient care: (1) limited OTP hours leads to tenuous or delayed hospital discharges; (2) inadequate information-sharing between hospitals and OTPs leads to delays in care; and (3) methadone regulations create treatment barriers for the most vulnerable patients. CONCLUSION Strict methadone regulations have resulted in unintended consequences for patients with OUD in the hospital setting, during care transitions, and in the OTP setting. Recent and ongoing federal efforts to reform methadone provision may improve some of the reported challenges, but significant hurdles remain in providing safe, equitable care to hospitalized patients with OUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan L. Calcaterra
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Coloroda, USA
| | - Ashley Dafoe
- Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Coloroda, USA
| | - Caroline Tietbohl
- Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research and Delivery Science, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Coloroda, USA
| | - Lindsay Thurman
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Erin Bredenberg
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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20
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Jones C, Vincent M, O'Greysik E, Bright K, Spencer S, Beck A, Gross DP, Brémault-Phillips S. Workplace Reintegration Programs, Policies, and Procedures for Nurses Experiencing Operational Stress Injury: A Scoping Literature Review. Can J Nurs Res 2024:8445621241255419. [PMID: 38772564 DOI: 10.1177/08445621241255419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurses experience elevated rates of operational stress injuries (OSIs). This can necessitate taking leave from work and subsequently engaging in a workplace reintegration process. An unsuccessful process can have long term impacts on a nurse's career, affecting the individual, their family, and broader community, while contributing to nursing shortages. A knowledge gap regarding the workplace reintegration of nurses experiencing mental health challenges, impedes the development and implementation of initiatives that might increase the success of nurses reintegrating into the workplace. This scoping review explored the existing literature concerning workplace reintegration for nurses experiencing OSIs. METHODS The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) reporting guidelines were utilized. Three key search terms across six databases were employed followed by a qualitative content analysis of the resulting literature. RESULTS Eight documents were included. The literature exhibited high heterogeneity in objectives, content, and article types. The content analysis revealed five themes: (1) recognizing stigma, (2) elements of successful workplace reintegration, (3) considerations for military nurses, (4) considerations for nurses with substance use disorders, and (5) gaps in the existing literature. CONCLUSION A paucity of programs, policies, procedures, and research exists regarding workplace reintegration for nurses facing mental health challenges. It is imperative to recognize that nurses may experience OSIs, necessitating mental health support, time off work, and operationally/culturally-specific assistance in returning to work. Innovative and evidence-based approaches to workplace reintegration are needed to enhance the retention of a skilled, experienced, compassionate, and healthy nursing workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Jones
- Heroes in Mind, Advocacy and Research Consortium (HiMARC), Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB T5J 3E4, Canada
| | - Michelle Vincent
- Heroes in Mind, Advocacy and Research Consortium (HiMARC), Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Elly O'Greysik
- Heroes in Mind, Advocacy and Research Consortium (HiMARC), Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB T5J 3E4, Canada
- Faculty of Nursing, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB T5J 2P2, Canada
| | - Katherine Bright
- Heroes in Mind, Advocacy and Research Consortium (HiMARC), Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB T5J 3E4, Canada
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4V8, Canada
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, Community and Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB T3E 6K6, Canada
| | - Shaylee Spencer
- Heroes in Mind, Advocacy and Research Consortium (HiMARC), Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Amy Beck
- Heroes in Mind, Advocacy and Research Consortium (HiMARC), Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4V8, Canada
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, Community and Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB T3E 6K6, Canada
| | - Douglas P Gross
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G4, Canada
| | - Suzette Brémault-Phillips
- Heroes in Mind, Advocacy and Research Consortium (HiMARC), Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G4, Canada
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Yan Z, Dube V, Heselton J, Johnson K, Yan C, Jones V, Blaskewicz Boron J, Shade M. Understanding older people's voice interactions with smart voice assistants: a new modified rule-based natural language processing model with human input. Front Digit Health 2024; 6:1329910. [PMID: 38812806 PMCID: PMC11135128 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2024.1329910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has expedited the integration of Smart Voice Assistants (SVA) among older people. The qualitative data derived from user commands on SVA is pivotal for elucidating the engagement patterns of older individuals with such systems. However, the sheer volume of user-generated voice interaction data presents a formidable challenge for manual coding. Compounding this issue, age-related cognitive decline and alterations in speech patterns further complicate the interpretation of older users' SVA voice interactions. Conventional dictionary-based textual analysis tools, which count word frequencies, are inadequate in capturing the evolving and communicative essence of these interactions that unfold over a series of dialogues and modify with time. To address these challenges, our study introduces a novel, modified rule-based Natural Language Processing (MR-NLP) model augmented with human input. This reproducible approach capitalizes on human-derived insights to establish a lexicon of critical keywords and to formulate rules for the iterative refinement of the NLP model. English speakers, aged 50 or older and residing alone, were enlisted to engage with Amazon Alexa™ via predefined daily routines for a minimum of 30 min daily spanning three months (N = 35, mean age = 77). We amassed time-stamped, textual data comprising participants' user commands and responses from Alexa™. Initially, a subset constituting 20% of the data (1,020 instances) underwent manual coding by human coder, predicated on keywords and commands. Separately, a rule-based Natural Language Processing (NLP) methodology was employed to code the identical subset. Discrepancies arising between human coder and the NLP model programmer were deliberated upon and reconciled to refine the rule-based NLP coding framework for the entire dataset. The modified rule-based NLP approach demonstrated notable enhancements in efficiency and scalability and reduced susceptibility to inadvertent errors in comparison to manual coding. Furthermore, human input was instrumental in augmenting the NLP model, yielding insights germane to the aging adult demographic, such as recurring speech patterns or ambiguities. By disseminating this innovative software solution to the scientific community, we endeavor to advance research and innovation in NLP model formulation, subsequently contributing to the understanding of older people's interactions with SVA and other AI-powered systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxu Yan
- College of Computing, Data Science and Society, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Victoria Dube
- Department of Gerontology, University of Nebraska-Omaha, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Judith Heselton
- Department of Gerontology, University of Nebraska-Omaha, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Kate Johnson
- College of Journalism and Mass Communications, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Changmin Yan
- College of Journalism and Mass Communications, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Valerie Jones
- College of Journalism and Mass Communications, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | | | - Marcia Shade
- College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
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22
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Janoušková M, Pekara J, Kučera M, Kearns PB, Šeblová J, Wolfová K, Kuklová M, Šeblová D. Experiences of stigma, discrimination and violence and their impact on the mental health of health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10534. [PMID: 38720009 PMCID: PMC11078939 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59700-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Health care workers have been exposed to COVID-19 more than people in other professions, which may have led to stigmatization, discrimination, and violence toward them, possibly impacting their mental health. We investigated (1) factors associated with stigma, discrimination, and violence, (2) the association of stigma, discrimination, and violence with mental health, (3) everyday experiences of stigmatization, discrimination, and violence. We chose a combination of a quantitative approach and qualitative content analysis to analyze data collected at three time points: in 2020, 2021 and 2022. A higher age was associated with lower odds of experiencing stigma, discrimination, and violence, whereas female gender was related to more negative experiences. The intensity of exposure to COVID-19 was associated with greater experience with stigmatization, discrimination, and violence across all three years (for example in 2022: odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 1.74, 1.18-2.55 for mild exposure; 2.82, 1.95-4.09 for moderate exposure; and 5.74, 3.55-9.26 for severe exposure, when compared to no exposure). Stigma, discrimination, and violence were most strongly associated with psychological distress in 2020 (odds ratio = 2.97, 95% confidence interval 2.27-3.88) and with depressive symptoms in 2021 (odds ratio = 2.78, 95% confidence interval 2.12-3.64). Attention should be given to the destigmatization of contagious diseases and the prevention of discrimination, violence, and mental health problems, both within workplaces and among the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Janoušková
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.
- Division of Medical Psychology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.
| | - Jaroslav Pekara
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.
- Medical College, Prague, Czechia.
| | - Matěj Kučera
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pavla Brennan Kearns
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jana Šeblová
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- Paediatric Emergency Department, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Katrin Wolfová
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Marie Kuklová
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Dominika Šeblová
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
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Kamara ABS, Fatoma P, Moseray A. The Perspectives of Healthcare Professionals on the Strategies, Challenges, and Community Responses to Health System Response and Interventions Towards Lassa Fever Infections and Mortality in Sierra Leone. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2024; 17:1127-1149. [PMID: 38737418 PMCID: PMC11088388 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s455254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lassa fever is a critical public health issue in Sierra Leone that demands appropriate health system responses and interventions to mitigate infections and reduce mortality. Methods A qualitative study was conducted to delve into healthcare workers' experiences with Lassa fever management and interventions across diverse healthcare settings in Sierra Leone, including the Eastern Province and Freetown's Directorate of Health Security and Emergency (DHSE). Engaging ten key informants through purposive sampling, the study employed NVivo version 10 for a detailed thematic analysis using Query and Coding to systematically identify, classify, and organize key themes regarding knowledge, diagnostics, management roles, and community impact. Results The findings indicate a well-informed healthcare workforce but highlight gaps in early detection, diagnostic accuracy, and procedural standardization. Concerns were raised about the potential overestimation of disease incidence due to improved diagnostics, suggesting a historical under-detection of Lassa fever. The analysis underscores the need for a multifaceted management approach, emphasizing international collaboration and culturally sensitive community engagement to effectively tackle the disease. A significant concern identified is the high mortality rate resulting from delayed referrals and communication challenges within the health system, leading to actionable recommendations for enhancing Lassa fever response strategies. The study's thematic analysis provides a nuanced understanding of the challenges and areas for improvement, emphasizing the critical role of healthcare professionals in combating Lassa fever. Conclusion Combating Lassa fever in Sierra Leone demands an integrative strategy that extends beyond medical interventions to encompass educational and infrastructural enhancements. This research pays homage to the commitment of healthcare professionals, underscoring the importance of sustained support and recognition of their essential contributions to advancing Lassa fever management and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu-Bakarr Steven Kamara
- Department of Public Health, School of Community Health Sciences, Njala University Bo Campus, Bo City, Sierra Leone
| | - Patrick Fatoma
- Department of Public Health, School of Community Health Sciences, Njala University Bo Campus, Bo City, Sierra Leone
| | - Andrew Moseray
- Department of Public Health, School of Community Health Sciences, Njala University Bo Campus, Bo City, Sierra Leone
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Wende ME, Umstattd Meyer MR, Perry C, Prochnow T, Hamilton CNB, Abildso CG, Porter KMP. Implementation characteristics that may promote sustainability of a rural physical activity initiative: examination of Play Streets through the lens of community implementers. Implement Sci Commun 2024; 5:48. [PMID: 38698464 PMCID: PMC11064337 DOI: 10.1186/s43058-024-00571-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Play Streets, which are community-based environmental initiatives where public spaces/streets are temporarily closed to create safe, low-cost physical activity opportunities, have demonstrated feasibility and physical activity benefit in rural US areas. Yet, information is needed to identify implementation characteristics that may promote sustainability. This study examined rural Play Streets implementation characteristics that could impact sustainability from local partners' perspectives. METHODS Sixteen Play Streets implementation team members in rural Maryland, North Carolina, Oklahoma, and Texas, USA, participated in interviews. Semi-structured in-person individual and group interviews were conducted in the fall of 2018 (after Play Streets implementation in 2017 and 2018), recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were analyzed using iterative, content analyses. Coding frameworks were based on the Public Health Program Capacity for Sustainability Framework, and emergent themes were also identified. RESULTS Interviewees' perceived characteristics for facilitating Play Streets implementation aligned with the Public Health Program Capacity for Sustainability Framework: funding stability, political support, partnerships, organizational capacity, program adaption, and communication. Interviewees also noted the importance of cultural alignment/support and the reciprocal impact of community connectedness/engagement. CONCLUSIONS Future research should examine the reciprocal role of public health impacts, as both outcomes and factors which may influence sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn E Wende
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
| | - M Renée Umstattd Meyer
- Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, USA.
| | - Cynthia Perry
- School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, USA
| | - Tyler Prochnow
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
| | | | - Christiaan G Abildso
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
| | - Keshia M Pollack Porter
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
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Sullivan KA, Jaganathan KS. A comparison of public views about sports concussion recovery with current guidelines: where are the gaps and overlaps? BRAIN IMPAIR 2024; 25:IB23122. [PMID: 38801748 DOI: 10.1071/ib23122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Background Sports concussion (SC) management guidelines have recently been updated. A key focus is the emphasis on rest (immediately postinjury) followed by gradual resumption of activity (active recovery). This study aimed to explore community views on SC management and compared these with the guidelines. Methods A total of 157 volunteers completed an online SC survey, including listing three pieces of advice for a concussed person immediately postinjury, and after 2weeks (subacute). Quantitative data were statistically compared, and qualitative data underwent content analysis. Results Almost all participants offered different immediate versus subacute advice; however, rest featured highly at both timepoints. Commonly expressed themes, consistent with guidelines were immediate rest; safety and reinjury prevention; and symptom monitoring. Two themes were identified in the community advice with limited emphasis in the guidelines: general health advice and psychological and social support. Expert clinical assessment was not always identified in community advice. Conclusion Community members hold some views that align with expert advice for SC, particularly the importance of immediate postinjury rest. However, there is scope to grow public awareness of some recommended practices, including expert clinical assessment following injury and when to engage in active recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A Sullivan
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, O Block B Wing, Kelvin Grove Campus, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Qld 4059, Australia
| | - Kannan Singaravelu Jaganathan
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, O Block B Wing, Kelvin Grove Campus, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Qld 4059, Australia
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Fowler JA, Buckley L, Viskovich S, Muir M, Dean JA. Healthcare providers perspectives on digital, self-guided mental health programs for LGBTQIA+ individuals: A cross-sectional online survey. Psychiatry Res 2024; 335:115873. [PMID: 38555827 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Digital, self-guided mental health programs are a promising avenue for mental health support for LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, Queer, intersex, asexual plus additional sexuality, gender, and romantic identities) people - however, healthcare providers (HCPs) perspectives on programs are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to explore these perspectives. A cross-sectional online survey was distributed across Australia, with a final sample of 540 HCPs from a range of disciplines. Most respondents (419, 81.2 %), reported that digital, self-guided mental health programs would be useful, but 74.5 % (n = 380) also reported that they had concerns. Thematic analysis of open-text responses showed that HCPs believe programs may help overcome access barriers and could be useful as part of a wider care journey. Others were concerned about patient safety, and whether programs could be appropriately tailored to LGBTQIA+ experiences. Content analysis of open-text responses showed affirming language and imagery, content on LGBTQIA+ people's unique challenges, wider health information, and connections to community were important to include in programs. HCPs advocated for programs that offered broad and sub-population specific information. These findings show that HCPs are enthusiastic about digital, self-guided mental health programs, but care should be taken to address key concerns to facilitate future implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Fowler
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
| | - Lisa Buckley
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Shelley Viskovich
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Health and Behavioral Sciences, School of Psychology, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4027, Australia
| | - Miranda Muir
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Health and Behavioral Sciences, School of Psychology, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4027, Australia
| | - Judith A Dean
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
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O'Malley R, O'Connor P, Lydon S. Strategies that facilitate the delivery of exceptionally good patient care in general practice: a qualitative study with patients and primary care professionals. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2024; 25:141. [PMID: 38678200 PMCID: PMC11055247 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-024-02352-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, proactive strengths-based approaches to improving quality of care have been advocated. The positive deviance approach seeks to identify and learn from those who perform exceptionally well. Central to this approach is the identification of the specific strategies, behaviours, tools and contextual strategies used by those positive deviants to perform exceptionally well. This study aimed to: identify and collate the specific strategies, behaviours, processes and tools used to support the delivery of exceptionally good care in general practice; and to abstract the identified strategies into an existing framework pertaining to excellence in general practice; the Identifying and Disseminating the Exceptional to Achieve Learning (IDEAL) framework. METHODS This study comprised a secondary analysis of data collected during semi-structured interviews with 33 purposively sampled patients, general practitioners, practice nurses, and practice managers. Discussions explored the key factors and strategies that support the delivery of exceptional care across five levels of the primary care system; the patient, provider, team, practice, and external environment. For analysis, a summative content analysis approach was undertaken whereby data were inductively analysed and summated to identify the key strategies used to achieve the delivery of exceptionally good general practice care, which were subsequently abstracted as a new level of the IDEAL framework. RESULTS In total, 222 individual factors contributing to exceptional care delivery were collated and abstracted into the framework. These included specific behaviours (e.g., patients providing useful feedback and personal history to the provider), structures (e.g., using technology effectively to support care delivery (e.g., electronic referrals & prescriptions)), processes (e.g., being proactive in managing patient flow and investigating consistently delayed wait times), and contextual factors (e.g., valuing and respecting contributions of every team member). CONCLUSION The addition of concrete and contextual strategies to the IDEAL framework has enhanced its practicality and usefulness for supporting improvement in general practices. Now, a multi-level systems approach is needed to embed these strategies and create an environment where excellence is supported. The refined framework should be developed into a learning tool to support teams in general practice to measure, reflect and improve care within their practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roisin O'Malley
- Discipline of General Practice, University of Galway, Newcastle, 1 Distillery Road, Galway, H91TK33, Ireland.
| | - Paul O'Connor
- Discipline of General Practice, University of Galway, Newcastle, 1 Distillery Road, Galway, H91TK33, Ireland
| | - Sinéad Lydon
- Discipline of General Practice, University of Galway, Newcastle, 1 Distillery Road, Galway, H91TK33, Ireland
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Ma T, Costello JA, Dong T, Durning SJ, Maggio LA. Physician educators' perceptions of experiences contributing to teaching. CLINICAL TEACHER 2024:e13768. [PMID: 38651678 DOI: 10.1111/tct.13768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physician educators are essential in training the next generation of physicians. However, physician educators' perspectives about what experiences they find beneficial to their teaching and the prevalence of these experiences remain unknown. Guided by social cognitive career theory (SCCT) and communities of practice (CoP), we explored what experiences physician educators perceive as beneficial in preparing them to teach. METHODS In 2019, the Uniformed Services University School of Medicine in the United States surveyed its physician alumni to understand their education experiences during medical school, their current career path and what has contributed to their teaching role. Content analysis was applied to extract themes across the text response. Chi-square analysis was applied to examine if perceived contributing factors vary based on physician educators' gender, specialty and academic ranks. RESULTS The five most prevalent contributing factors participants (n = 781) identified are (1) experiences gained during residency and fellowship (29.8%), (2) teaching as faculty member (28.9%) and (3) class experiences and peer interaction during medical school (26%). We organised three themes that reflected major avenues of how physician educators acquire teaching skills: reflection about quality teaching, journey as learners and learning by doing. Gender and clinical specialty were differentially associated with contributing factors such as faculty development and meta-reflection. CONCLUSION The results are in line with theories of SCCT and CoP, in which we identified self-directed learning and regulation in shaping physician educators' teaching. The findings also revealed gaps and potential contexts for more formalised teaching practices to develop physician educators.
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Affiliation(s)
- TingLan Ma
- Center for Health Professions Education, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joseph A Costello
- Center for Health Professions Education, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ting Dong
- Center for Health Professions Education, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Steven J Durning
- Center for Health Professions Education, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lauren A Maggio
- Center for Health Professions Education, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Huang LL, Wang WF, Hong WW, Huang XD, Guan XH. A qualitative study of the experiences of interdisciplinary nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak following the announcement of the "Ten new guidelines" in China. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:244. [PMID: 38627801 PMCID: PMC11020795 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01905-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND On December 7, 2022, the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of China's State Council released the "Ten New Guidelines" to optimize the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention policies further. This signaled a broader shift from "dynamic clearing" to "coexisting with the virus" nationwide. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the experiences and perspectives of interdisciplinary nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak in China after the implementation of the "Ten New Guidelines". The goal is to understand the challenges faced by this unique nursing group and inform organizational support to bolster their well-being and resilience. METHODS Two tertiary hospitals in southeastern Zhejiang Province were selected, with interdisciplinary nurses chosen as subjects. A constructivist qualitative research approach was employed, using semi-structured face-to-face interviews. Research data were collected through interviews and analyzed using content analysis. RESULTS Fifteen interdisciplinary nurses were included in this study. The analysis revealed four main themes and nine sub-themes. The main themes were: (1) ineffective organizational support (inadequate organizational care, poor PPE, excessive workload), (2) physiological distress after contracting COVID-19 (extreme physical fatigue, leakage of urine due to severe coughing), (3) fear of being wrong (fear of being reprimanded in public, psychological anxiety), and (4) family responsibility anxiety (difficulty of loyalty and filial piety, obligations to their children). CONCLUSION We provide new evidence that organizations must proactively address the support, training, and communication needs of staff, particularly interdisciplinary nurses, to supplement epidemic containment. This is also essential in helping mitigate the work-family conflicts such roles can create.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Huang
- Department of Emergency, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei-Fen Wang
- Department of Emergency, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei-Wen Hong
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xian-Dan Huang
- Department of Nursing Management, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xian-Hua Guan
- Intensive Care Unit, Taizhou First People's Hospital, No. 218, Hengjie Road, Huangyan District, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, 318020, P. R. China.
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Alsop T, Cassimatis M, Williams KL, Gomersall SR. Perspectives of people with myasthenia gravis on physical activity and experience of physical activity advice from health professionals in the Australian context: a qualitative study. Disabil Rehabil 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38613411 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2338877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Physical activity is an important modifiable determinant of health. There has been a historical aversion to movement in people with myasthenia gravis (MG) due to the pathophysiology of the disease, however, research suggests engagement in physical activity is safe and does not exacerbate symptoms. There are currently no studies investigating the qualitative perspectives of people with MG on physical activity. The aim of this study was to explore perceptions of physical activity, barriers, enablers, and participants' experiences of physical activity advice from health professionals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Semi-structured interviews were used, with verbatim transcripts analysed using content analysis. RESULTS Ten adults (median age 64.5 years) living in Australia with generalised MG were interviewed. Key findings were identified: (1) Physical activity is perceived to be important for general health and for MG; (2) Medical management and social support are key enablers; (3) Fatigue and pain are potential barriers; and (4) Experiences with healthcare professionals were considered insufficient and failed to provide disease specific advice regarding MG and physical activity. CONCLUSION People with MG have unique barriers and enablers to physical activity engagement that clinicians should consider when providing physical activity behaviour change support to this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahlia Alsop
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marianna Cassimatis
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Health and Wellbeing Centre for Research Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Katrina L Williams
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sjaan R Gomersall
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Health and Wellbeing Centre for Research Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Skelton E, Cromb D, Smith A, Harrison G, Rutherford M, Malamateniou C, Ayers S. The influence of antenatal imaging on prenatal bonding in uncomplicated pregnancies: a mixed methods analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:265. [PMID: 38605314 PMCID: PMC11007968 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06469-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal bonding describes the emotional connection expectant parents form to their unborn child. Research acknowledges the association between antenatal imaging and enhanced bonding, but the influencing factors are not well understood, particularly for fathers or when using advanced techniques like fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study aimed to identify variables which may predict increased bonding after imaging. METHODS First-time expectant parents (mothers = 58, fathers = 18) completed a two-part questionnaire (QualtricsXM™) about their expectations and experiences of ultrasound (n = 64) or fetal MRI (n = 12) scans in uncomplicated pregnancies. A modified version of the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) was used to measure bonding. Qualitative data were collected through open-ended questions. Multivariate linear regression models were used to identify significant parent and imaging predictors for bonding. Qualitative content analysis of free-text responses was conducted to further understand the predictors' influences. RESULTS Bonding scores were significantly increased after imaging for mothers and fathers (p < 0.05). MRI-parents reported significantly higher bonding than ultrasound-parents (p = 0.02). In the first regression model of parent factors (adjusted R2 = 0.17, F = 2.88, p < 0.01), employment status (β = -0.38, p < 0.05) was a significant predictor for bonding post-imaging. The second model of imaging factors (adjusted R2 = 0.19, F = 3.85, p < 0.01) showed imaging modality (β = -0.53), imaging experience (β = 0.42) and parental excitement after the scan (β = 0.29) were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with increased bonding. Seventeen coded themes were generated from the qualitative content analysis, describing how scans offered reassurance about fetal wellbeing and the opportunity to connect with the baby through quality interactions with imaging professionals. A positive scan experience helped parents to feel excited about parenthood. Fetal MRI was considered a superior modality to ultrasound. CONCLUSIONS Antenatal imaging provides reassurance of fetal development which affirms parents' emotional investment in the pregnancy and supports the growing connection. Imaging professionals are uniquely positioned to provide parent-centred experiences which may enhance parental excitement and facilitate bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Skelton
- Division of Radiography and Midwifery, School of Health and Psychological Sciences, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK.
| | - Daniel Cromb
- Perinatal Imaging and Health, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
- Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Alison Smith
- Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Gill Harrison
- Society and College of Radiographers, London, SE1 2EW, UK
| | - Mary Rutherford
- Perinatal Imaging and Health, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Christina Malamateniou
- Division of Radiography and Midwifery, School of Health and Psychological Sciences, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - Susan Ayers
- Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research, School of Health and Psychological Sciences, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
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Peleg O, Hadar E, Boniel-Nissim M. A novel questionnaire for evaluating digital tool use (DTUQ-D) among individuals with type 2 diabetes: exploring the digital landscape. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1374848. [PMID: 38645461 PMCID: PMC11026855 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1374848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Effective healthcare currently incorporates a patient-centric system and accessible technology for patient self-management. This study aimed to develop and validate a novel questionnaire titled the Digital Tool Use Questionnaire for Diabetes (DTUQ-D) - a screening tool identifying the type, number, and frequency of digital tools used by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients with within HMOs, online, and via applications. Methods The questionnaire was administered to two ethnic groups and both genders. A mixed-methods approach was used. In the qualitative phase, the questionnaire was developed through phone surveys of 29 T2DM patients, two endocrinologists and two technology experts. In the quantitative phase, involving 367 participants, convergent validity, construct validity, and reliability were examined. Results Findings indicated that the DTUQ-D is valid and reliable, successfully identifying digital tools utilized by T2DM patients, notwithstanding variations in factor structures between ethnic groups. This questionnaire provides a foundation for future research, offering a standardized approach to evaluating digital tool usage. Discussion The study enhances understanding of the role of digital tools in healthcare, especially for T2DM self-management. It also can be easily adapted to assess digital tool use for other illnesses by adjusting instructions and the wording of certain items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ora Peleg
- Max Stern Academic College of Emek Yezreel, Emek Yezreel, Israel
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A Nardolillo J, DiLucia A, Kerwin T, Ramirez SR, Vazquez MC, Murry LT, Medlin CG. An exploratory mixed-methods evaluation of continuing education opportunities related to the care of sexual and gender minority patients from ACPE-accredited providers. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2024; 81:306-315. [PMID: 38150575 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxad331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this analysis was to describe trends in continuing education opportunities for pharmacy professionals across the US related to the care of sexual and gender minority (SGM) patients. METHODS Continuing education programs offered by Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE)-accredited providers from 2012 through 2022 were identified by searching the ACPE database for titles containing SGM terminology. Data including ACPE provider classification, activity type, format, audience, ACPE topic designator, interprofessional accreditation, contact hours, and learning objectives were collected. Content analysis was used to categorize activities. RESULTS Following removal of duplicates and non-SGM-focused programming, 726 programs were identified. The most commonly observed program characteristics included a live format (67.6%, n = 491), a pharmacist audience (77.1%, n = 560), knowledge-based activities (90.8%, n = 656), a college or school of pharmacy provider (21.6%, n = 157), an ACPE topic of pharmacy administration (50.6%, n = 367), and a focus on pharmacy rather than interprofessional audiences (87.1%, n = 632). The median program length was 1 hour (interquartile range, 1-1.25 hours). The qualitative analysis identified programs focused on topics of gender-affirming care (pharmacotherapy) (32.1%, n = 233), general SGM (26.7%, n = 194), gender-affirming care (nonpharmacotherapy), sexually transmitted infections (7.2%, n = 52), and health disparities (3.9%, n = 28). CONCLUSION Advancement has occurred in the number of available continuing pharmacy education programs focused on the care of SGM patients. Further information regarding specific content and effectiveness of continuing education is necessary to determine strategies to better prepare pharmacy professionals to care for this growing patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Nardolillo
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Research, University of Rhode Island College of Pharmacy, Kingston, RI, and Rhode Island Primary Care Physicians Corporation, Cranston, RI, USA
| | - Alex DiLucia
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Research, University of Rhode Island College of Pharmacy, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Taya Kerwin
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Research, University of Rhode Island College of Pharmacy, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Samantha R Ramirez
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso School of Pharmacy, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Maria C Vazquez
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso School of Pharmacy, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Logan T Murry
- Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher G Medlin
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso School of Pharmacy, El Paso, TX, USA
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Murry LT, Whittington B, Travlos DV. Continuing Professional Development Activities Provided by Continuing Pharmacy Education Providers. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION 2024; 88:100685. [PMID: 38490562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2024.100685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe continuing professional development (CPD)-related continuing pharmacy education (CPE) activities from 2018 through 2023. METHODS This was an exploratory study using CPE activities offered by US-based accredited providers from the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education Provider Web Tool. Activities were selected based on submission and expiration date, which included activities active from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2023. The words "professional development" were used to search for CPE activities based on titles. Frequencies were calculated for provider type, delivery method, and activity types. Content analysis was used to identify categories, subcategories, and elements or components of the CPD cycle from activity titles and learning objectives. RESULTS A total of 204 activities were identified, with the most common provider type being college or school which provided 41% (n = 83) of the activities. Most activities were designed for pharmacists 76% (n = 156) and primarily delivered in a live seminar format (68%, n = 138) and used a single delivery method (92%, n = 187). Content analysis identified 7 categories and 23 subcategories of activities. Of the 7 activity categories, only 3 had subcategories which reflected elements or components of CPD: precepting and teaching; diversity, equity, and inclusion; and CPD process and principles. CONCLUSION This study identified that most CPE activities and learning objectives reflected educational interventions without the inclusion or use of the CPD cycle or process, suggesting that additional provider education on the implementation of CPD and differentiation between CPE and CPD may be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan T Murry
- Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Folder N, Power E, Rietdijk R, Christensen I, Togher L, Parker D. The Effectiveness and Characteristics of Communication Partner Training Programs for Families of People With Dementia: A Systematic Review. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2024; 64:gnad095. [PMID: 37439771 PMCID: PMC10949353 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnad095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Communication partner training (CPT) is essential in dementia care. Despite families being the largest group of community carers, previous reviews primarily focused on formal carers. This study aimed to understand the characteristics and effectiveness of CPT for families of people with dementia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The systematic review included intervention/protocol studies on dementia CPT for families, excluding formal carers and programs not focused on communication. CINAHL, PsycINFO, SpeechBITE, Medline, SCOPUS, and Embase were searched between November 30 and December 6, 2021. After deduplication, 3,172 records were screened. Quality assessment used JBI Critical Appraisal tools and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Data synthesis utilized three reporting tools, the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health, and content analysis. RESULTS Of 30 studies (27 programs), there were 10 quasi-experimental, 5 RCTs, 4 mixed methods, 4 case studies, 4 qualitative, and 2 protocols. Studies were published between 1998 and 2021 and included 671 family members. Characteristics varied with 7/27 programs including consumers during creation and one program including telehealth. One study included all reporting tool criteria. Programs typically used 4 intervention functions, with 12/27 programs addressing 3 behavior change areas. 33/74 outcome measures targeted the "Environment" of the person with dementia. Studies showed positive improvements in communication skills and knowledge, with mixed results on behavior/psychosocial outcomes. Qualitative results identified improvements in conversation and attitudes. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS CPT for families improves communication outcomes, however, quality of studies varied significantly. Future research should address gaps in telehealth, consumer involvement, and intervention descriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Folder
- Faculty of Health, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emma Power
- Faculty of Health, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rachael Rietdijk
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Iben Christensen
- Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Hovedstaden, Denmark
| | - Leanne Togher
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Deborah Parker
- Faculty of Health, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
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Hallowell R, Saluja S, Lewis L, Novak DA, Valentine W, Batch E, Clayton Johnson MA, Bluthenthal RN, Cousineau MR, Ben-Ari R. Advocacy for Health Justice: An Innovative Pilot Course for MD and Master of Public Policy Students. TEACHING AND LEARNING IN MEDICINE 2024; 36:198-210. [PMID: 36519450 DOI: 10.1080/10401334.2022.2155169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Problem: U.S. medical schools are searching for ways to address issues of health justice in undergraduate medical education. Physicians have not typically received training in how to be effective advocates for systemic change and individuals in policy fields are not usually equipped to understand the complex issues of health science and their intersection with the health system and society. To address this gap, medical school faculty partnered with school of public policy faculty on a collaborative learning model that engaged MD and Master of Public Policy students together to strengthen their collective knowledge of the healthcare landscape, and to build skills to work for health justice. Intervention: We hypothesized that pairing medical students with public policy students to learn about the intersections of health justice and advocacy could enhance the efficacy of each group and provide a new model of collaboration between medical and policy professionals. The students collaborated on a health justice advocacy project through which they provided consultation to an established community organization. Context: The 8-week course took place in the spring of 2021 in Los Angeles, California. Due to Covid-19 the course was taught online and included asynchronous learning modules and live Zoom sessions. The project also served as a pilot for the post-clerkship phase of a new longitudinal health justice curriculum for MD students that launched in August 2021. Impact: Analysis of student work products, course evaluations, partner interviews, and student focus groups showed that students valued learning through their interdisciplinary collaborative work which gave them new perspectives on health justice issues. The community partners indicated that the students consultative work products were useful for their initiatives, and that they found working with MD and MPP students to be a valuable way to think about how to build stronger and more inclusive coalitions to advocate for health justice. This project has the potential for national impact as it aligns with the Association of American Medical Colleges' renewed focus on the responsibility of academic medicine to partner with communities for health justice. The project also contributed to the national conversation on how to align health systems science education with the aims of health justice through our participation in the American Medical Association Accelerating Change in Medical Education Consortium. Lessons Learned: Leveraging faculty relationships with community partners was crucial for developing meaningful projects for students. Cultivating and expanding community partner networks is necessary to sustain and scale up this type of intervention. Centering the needs of communities and supporting their on-going work for health justice is essential for becoming an effective advocate. Learning communities that bring interdisciplinary students, healthcare providers, policy professionals, and community partners together to learn from one another can create key opportunities for ameliorating health inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Hallowell
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sonali Saluja
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - LaVonna Lewis
- Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Daniel A Novak
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Eric Batch
- American Heart Association, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Ricky N Bluthenthal
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michael R Cousineau
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ron Ben-Ari
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Seidler ZE, Benakovic R, Wilson MJ, Davis JM, Sheldrake M, McGee MA. "I'd have no idea how to go about this…" - a survey of Australian medical students' perspectives on their men's health education. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:260. [PMID: 38459497 PMCID: PMC10924408 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05045-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While there have been calls over the last 15 years for the inclusion of training in sex and gender-based medicine in medical school curricula and to sustain such improvements through a more gender responsive health system, little progress has been made. A related objective of the Australian National Men's Health Strategy (2020-30) is to improve practitioner core learning competencies in men's health as a critical step to reducing the burden of disease in men and disparities between men in health care access and outcomes. The aim of this study was therefore to obtain Australian medical student perspectives on the extent to which men's health and sex and gender-based medicine education is delivered in their curricula, their preparedness for engaging with men in clinical practice, and the men's health content they would have found useful during their training. METHODS Eighty-three students (48% male) from 17 accredited medical schools, and in at least their fourth year of training, completed an online survey. The survey was co-designed by a multidisciplinary team of men's health researchers and clinicians, alongside a student representative. A mix of quantitative and qualitative survey items inquired about students' preparedness for men's health clinical practice, and coverage of men's health and sex- and gender-based medicine in their curricula. RESULTS Most students reported minimal to no men's health coverage in their medical school education (65%). While few were offered optional men's health units (10.5%), the majority would have liked more formal training on the topic (78%). Accompanying qualitative findings substantiated a lack of preparedness among medical students to engage male patients, likely stemming from minimal coverage of men's health in their medical education. CONCLUSIONS Australian medical students may feel underprepared for contemporary men's health clinical practice, as well as, albeit to a lesser extent, women's health clinical practice. There is a clear need and desire amongst medical students to enhance curricula with sex and gender-based medicine training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zac E Seidler
- Movember, Level 4/21-31 Goodwood St, 3121, Richmond, VIC, Australia.
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Ruben Benakovic
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael J Wilson
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jasmine M Davis
- Australian Medical Students' Association, Australian Capital Territory, Barton, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Margaret A McGee
- Movember, Level 4/21-31 Goodwood St, 3121, Richmond, VIC, Australia
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Brandenburg C, Ward EC, Schwarz M, Palmer M, Hartley C, Byrnes J, Coccetti A, Phillips R, Wishart LR. 'The big value of it is getting the patient seen by the right person at the right time': clinician perceptions of the value of allied health primary contact models of care. Int J Qual Health Care 2024; 36:mzae021. [PMID: 38442741 DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Allied health primary contact clinic models of care have increasingly been used as a strategy to increase public health service capacity. A recent systematic review found little consistency or agreement on how primary contact clinics are evaluated. The concept of value of primary contact clinics, which has important implications for evaluation, has not yet been explored in-depth. To explore allied health clinicians' perceptions of the value of allied health primary contact clinics, with the goal of informing an evaluation framework, a descriptive qualitative approach utilizing semi-structured interviews was employed. Participants included allied health staff embedded in clinical lead roles within primary contact clinics across four acute care hospitals in a metropolitan health service located in South-East Queensland, Australia. Lead staff from 30 identified primary contact clinic models in the health service were approached to take part via email. All eligible participants who provided consent were included. An inductive thematic analysis approach was used. A total of 23 clinicians (n = 23) representing 22 diverse models of primary contact clinics participated. Most participants were physiotherapists, dietitians, or occupational therapists, although speech pathology, audiology, and podiatry were also represented. Participant perceptions of the 'value' of PCCs were a highly complex phenomenon, comprising five intersecting domains: (i) patient satisfaction; (ii) clinical outcomes; (iii) care pathway and resource use; (iv) health service performance; and (v) staff satisfaction and professional standing. These five core value domains were positively or negatively influenced by 12 perceived benefits and 8 perceived drawbacks, respectively. Value domains were also highly interrelated and impacted upon each other. The concept of 'value' relating to primary contact clinics involves multiple intersecting domains encompassing different perspectives. This study highlighted potential benefits and drawbacks of primary contact clinics that have not yet been measured or explored in the literature, and as such may be useful for healthcare administrators to consider. The findings of this study will inform an evaluation framework including health economics calculator for primary contact clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Brandenburg
- Centre for Functioning and Health Research, Metro South Health, 199 Ipswich Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Elizabeth C Ward
- Centre for Functioning and Health Research, Metro South Health, 199 Ipswich Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Fred Schonell Drive, Brisbane, Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Maria Schwarz
- Allied Health, Metro South Health, Cnr Armstrong and Loganlea Roads Brisbane, Queensland 4131 Australia
| | - Michelle Palmer
- Nutrition and Dietetics, Logan Hospital, Metro South Health, Cnr Armstrong and Loganlea Roads, Brisbane, Queensland 4131, Australia
| | - Carina Hartley
- Occupational Therapy, Logan Hospital, Metro South Health, Cnr Armstrong and Loganlea Roads, Brisbane, Queensland 4131, Australia
| | - Joshua Byrnes
- Centre for Applied Health Economics, Griffith University, 1 Parklands Dr, Gold Coast, Queensland 4215, Australia
| | - Anne Coccetti
- Metro South Health, QEII Jubilee Hospital, Cnr Kessels and Troughton Roads, Brisbane, Queensland 4108, Australia
| | - Rachel Phillips
- Metro South Health, Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Laurelie R Wishart
- Centre for Functioning and Health Research, Metro South Health, 199 Ipswich Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Fred Schonell Drive, Brisbane, Queensland 4072 Australia
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Anyango E, Adama E, Brown J, Ngune I. The impact of final-year clinical placements on nursing students' career planning for the graduate year and beyond. Nurse Educ Pract 2024; 76:103944. [PMID: 38493537 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2024.103944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study had three objectives: 1) to determine final-year nursing students' career preferences and long-term career plans; 2) to investigate factors influencing nursing students' specialty choices following their final-year clinical placement(s); and 3) to understand how final-year clinical placements can be used to develop the career interests of nursing students to different nursing specialties. BACKGROUND Clinical placement provides an insightful experience that may influence students to feel inclined to work in certain specialties. Therefore, each clinical placement should promote students' learning and enhance positive experiences that could develop their career interests and encourage them to seek employment in the specialty on graduation. DESIGN A cross-sectional online survey. METHODS The survey was structured using the Career Decision Self-Efficacy Scale - Short Form. The questionnaire was distributed to final-year nursing students (N = 222) at two public universities in Western Australia. This study specifically reports on the Goal selection and Planning domains of the Career Decision Self-Efficacy Scale - Short Form, which were explored through additional questions prompting participants to explain their career preferences and reasons for their nursing specialty choices. RESULTS Most participants, fifty-three percent, had low confidence in making career decisions. The Goal Selection and Planning questions measured the students' confidence in choosing a suitable practice destination and preparing for their professional careers. Overall, participants prefer employment in hospital settings both in the short- and long-term aspects of their nursing career. The factors influencing the students' career decisions were classified into three main categories: the clinical environment, educational factors and individual factors. CONCLUSIONS The nursing curriculum may encourage nursing students to work in some specialties over others. This study provides insight into factors that may promote or inhibit students' career choices and how students may be motivated to pursue the less preferred nursing specialties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edah Anyango
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Dr, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia.
| | - Esther Adama
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Dr, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Janie Brown
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, 208 Kent St, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Irene Ngune
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Dr, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
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Balán IC, Cheshure A, Green S, Coyle K, Cook C, Pooler-Burgess M, Wang Y, Morgan J, George A, Naar S. Building an HIV Learning Health Care Community for Youth in Florida: Opportunities and Challenges. AIDS Behav 2024; 28:951-962. [PMID: 37922033 PMCID: PMC11068034 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-023-04201-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
In Florida, 33% of new HIV infections among men and 21% of new infections among women are among those younger than 29 years of age. We describe the development of a Learning Health Care Community for youth (Y-LHCC) in Orange County, FL. Its core implementation team (iTeam) was composed of representatives from community agencies and academics, whose work was informed by data from the Florida Department of Health (FDOH) and regional research, in-depth interviews (IDIs) with agency representatives, and a pilot implementation of Tailored Motivational Interviewing (TMI) to improve service provision. IDIs revealed limited programming specifically for youth, significant structural challenges providing them with PrEP, and differences in use of evidence-based behavioral interventions to improve HIV services. FDOH provided data on new HIV infections, linkage to care, viral suppression, and PrEP coverage, however, limitations such as minimal data on PrEP referrals and use, agency level data, and inability to generate data quarterly (which would facilitate program improvement) were encountered. Thirty staff members from five agencies serving youth in Orange County participated in TMI training. About half the agency staff (n = 16) completed at least three of the four online training sessions. MI skills improved from pre- (n = 28; M = 1.96) to post TMI training (n = 11; M = 2.48, SD = 0.57); (t(37) = - 3.14, p = 0.0033). The iTeam held seven remote meetings and two in-person half-day meetings at the end of the study, during which they reassessed areas of focus for improving youth services. They also reiterated their commitment to continuing to meet beyond the study period and to engage other agencies in the newly established coalition. Findings highlight the potential of creating a Y-LHCC in Florida as well as some of the challenges that will need to be overcome to achieve ending the HIV Epidemic goals for young people in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván C Balán
- Department of Behavioral Science and Social Medicine, Center for Translational Behavioral Science, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
| | - Andrea Cheshure
- Department of Behavioral Science and Social Medicine, Center for Translational Behavioral Science, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Sara Green
- Department of Behavioral Science and Social Medicine, Center for Translational Behavioral Science, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Karin Coyle
- Education, Training, and Research (ETR), Scott Valley, CA, USA
| | - Christa Cook
- College of Nursing, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Meardith Pooler-Burgess
- Department of Behavioral Science and Social Medicine, Center for Translational Behavioral Science, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Yuxia Wang
- Department of Behavioral Science and Social Medicine, Center for Translational Behavioral Science, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Jonathan Morgan
- Department of Behavioral Science and Social Medicine, Center for Translational Behavioral Science, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Avery George
- Department of Behavioral Science and Social Medicine, Center for Translational Behavioral Science, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Sylvie Naar
- Department of Behavioral Science and Social Medicine, Center for Translational Behavioral Science, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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Tudehope L, Harris N, Vorage L, Sofija E. What methods are used to examine representation of mental ill-health on social media? A systematic review. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:105. [PMID: 38424653 PMCID: PMC10905888 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01603-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
There has been an increasing number of papers which explore the representation of mental health on social media using various social media platforms and methodologies. It is timely to review methodologies employed in this growing body of research in order to understand their strengths and weaknesses. This systematic literature review provides a comprehensive overview and evaluation of the methods used to investigate the representation of mental ill-health on social media, shedding light on the current state of this field. Seven databases were searched with keywords related to social media, mental health, and aspects of representation (e.g., trivialisation or stigma). Of the 36 studies which met inclusion criteria, the most frequently selected social media platforms for data collection were Twitter (n = 22, 61.1%), Sina Weibo (n = 5, 13.9%) and YouTube (n = 4, 11.1%). The vast majority of studies analysed social media data using manual content analysis (n = 24, 66.7%), with limited studies employing more contemporary data analysis techniques, such as machine learning (n = 5, 13.9%). Few studies analysed visual data (n = 7, 19.4%). To enable a more complete understanding of mental ill-health representation on social media, further research is needed focussing on popular and influential image and video-based platforms, moving beyond text-based data like Twitter. Future research in this field should also employ a combination of both manual and computer-assisted approaches for analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Tudehope
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, 1 Parklands Drive, 4222, Southport, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
| | - Neil Harris
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, 1 Parklands Drive, 4222, Southport, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Lieke Vorage
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, 1 Parklands Drive, 4222, Southport, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Ernesta Sofija
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, 1 Parklands Drive, 4222, Southport, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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Croxford S, Stirling E, MacLaren J, McWhorter JW, Frederick L, Thomas OW. Culinary Medicine or Culinary Nutrition? Defining Terms for Use in Education and Practice. Nutrients 2024; 16:603. [PMID: 38474731 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Examination of how terms such as culinary nutrition, culinary nutrition science, culinary medicine, culinary nutrition professional, culinary nutrition intervention, culinary nutrition activity, and culinary nutrition competency are used in practice, and the creation of consensus definitions will promote the consistent use of these terms across work areas and disciplines. Thirty leading practitioners, academics, and researchers in the fields of food and nutrition across Australia, the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Europe, and Asia were approached by investigators via email to submit definitions of key terms using a Qualtrics survey link. Further participants were reached through snowball recruitment. Initial emails were sent in October and November 2021 with subsequent reminders between November 2021 and March 2022. Two researchers undertook content analysis of the text answers for each of the terms and generated definitions for discussion and consensus. Thirty-seven participants commenced the survey and twenty-three submitted one or more definitions. Agreed definitions fell into two categories: practice concepts and practitioners. Further discussion amongst investigators led to the creation of a visual map to demonstrate the interrelationship of terms. Culinary nutrition science underpins, and interprofessional collaboration characterizes practice in this area, however, further work is needed to define competencies and model best practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Croxford
- Melbourne Campus, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Emma Stirling
- Melbourne Campus, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
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Bosongo S, Belrhiti Z, Chenge F, Criel B, Coppieters Y, Marchal B. The role of provincial health administration in supporting district health management teams in the Democratic Republic of Congo: eliciting an initial programme theory of a realist evaluation. Health Res Policy Syst 2024; 22:29. [PMID: 38378688 PMCID: PMC10880215 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-024-01115-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2006, the Ministry of Health in the Democratic Republic of Congo designed a strategy to strengthen the health system by developing health districts. This strategy included a reform of the provincial health administration to provide effective technical support to district health management teams in terms of leadership and management. The provincial health teams were set up in 2014, but few studies have been done on how, for whom, and under what circumstances their support to the districts works. We report on the development of an initial programme theory that is the first step of a realist evaluation seeking to address this knowledge gap. METHODS To inform the initial programme theory, we collected data through a scoping review of primary studies on leadership or management capacity building of district health managers in sub-Saharan Africa, a review of policy documents and interviews with the programme designers. We then conducted a two-step data analysis: first, identification of intervention features, context, actors, mechanisms and outcomes through thematic content analysis, and second, formulation of intervention-context-actor-mechanism-outcome (ICAMO) configurations using a retroductive approach. RESULTS We identified six ICAMO configurations explaining how effective technical support (i.e. personalised, problem-solving centred and reflection-stimulating) may improve the competencies of the members of district health management teams by activating a series of mechanisms (including positive perceived relevance of the support, positive perceived credibility of provincial health administration staff, trust in provincial health administration staff, psychological safety, reflexivity, self-efficacy and perceived autonomy) under specific contextual conditions (including enabling learning environment, integration of vertical programmes, competent public health administration staff, optimal decision space, supportive work conditions, availability of resources and absence of negative political influences). CONCLUSIONS We identified initial ICAMO configurations that explain how provincial health administration technical support for district health management teams is expected to work, for whom and under what conditions. These ICAMO configurations will be tested in subsequent empirical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Bosongo
- Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie, Université de Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo.
- École de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Centre de Connaissances en Santé en République Démocratique du Congo, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
| | - Zakaria Belrhiti
- Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco
- Centre Mohammed VI de la Recherche et Innovation (CM6), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Faustin Chenge
- Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie, Université de Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo
- Centre de Connaissances en Santé en République Démocratique du Congo, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
- Ecole de Santé Publique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Bart Criel
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Yves Coppieters
- École de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Chubinidze D, Li Z, Slovak P, Baudinet J, Dufour E, Tchanturia K. Introducing a Smart Toy in Eating Disorder Treatment: A Pilot Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:467. [PMID: 38398792 PMCID: PMC10891985 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Individuals with eating disorders (EDs) often encounter challenges related to body image, emotional, and sensory difficulties during nutritional rehabilitation. To address these challenges, a novel technology-enabled smart toy, Purrble, designed for immediate assistance in emotion regulation, is being explored. A mixed-method approach involving workshops, diaries, and focus groups was employed to examine the feasibility of Purrble as a therapeutic tool and its impact on participants' daily routines, sensory experiences, and emotional states. The study results demonstrate the engagement and acceptability of this device. Qualitative analysis revealed that participants independently used and integrated Purrble into their emotional and sensory regulation practices. These pilot results support the potential for a shift in the delivery of adjunct therapeutic tools through technology, particularly for ED patients with complex presentations. Future research is necessary to further explore the psychological benefits of this intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Chubinidze
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (D.C.); (Z.L.); (J.B.)
- National Eating Disorders Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK;
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (D.C.); (Z.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Petr Slovak
- Department of Informatics, King’s College London, London WC2B 4BG, UK;
| | - Julian Baudinet
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (D.C.); (Z.L.); (J.B.)
- Maudsley Centre for Child and Adolescent Eating Disorders (MCCAED), Maudsley Hospital, London SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - Emmanuelle Dufour
- National Eating Disorders Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK;
| | - Kate Tchanturia
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK; (D.C.); (Z.L.); (J.B.)
- National Eating Disorders Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK;
- Department of Psychology, Ilia State University, Tbilisi 0162, Georgia
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Nedergaard HK, Weitling EE, Rahbech M, Frøslev-Friis C, Quitzau LH, Strøm T, Brøchner AC, Jensen HI. Presence of the partner in the operating room during a category 1 cesarean section: a prospective explorative study. Int J Obstet Anesth 2024; 57:103939. [PMID: 37891124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2023.103939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little information exists regarding attitudes related to the presence of the partner in the operation room (OR) during category 1 emergency cesarean section (cat. 1 CS). We investigated how cat. 1 CS under general anesthesia is experienced, both by partners present in the OR and those not. METHODS An explorative prospective cohort trial, with qualitative elements, involving all cat. 1 CS in 2022 in two hospitals. At site 1 the partner was present in the OR during cat. 1 CS, whereas at site 2 the partner was not. Parents and staff answered questionnaires following each cat. 1 CS and semi-structured interviews with partners were held three months after surgery. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. The primary outcome was the partner's answer to the question: "Would you have preferred not being present/being present in the OR?" respectively. RESULTS Seventeen and eight cat. 1 CS occurred at each site respectively. All parents agreed to participate. No partners in site 1 would have preferred to wait outside, and all evaluated the experience very positively. Partners at site 2 also evaluated not being present positively. Overarching themes from the qualitative analysis were "Being the family witness" and "Experience of being the partner". Mothers and staff from site 1 were very positive about their partners' presence. CONCLUSION Partners present in the OR during cat. 1 CS under general anesthesia evaluated this very positively. Most partners, who had not been present in the OR, also evaluated this positively. No partners had post-traumatic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Nedergaard
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark; Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - E E Weitling
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark
| | - M Rahbech
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark
| | - C Frøslev-Friis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Aabenraa Hospital, Denmark
| | - L H Quitzau
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Aabenraa Hospital, Denmark
| | - T Strøm
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Aabenraa Hospital, Denmark
| | - A C Brøchner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark; Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - H I Jensen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark; Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Robinson L, Murray A, Mountjoy M, Wells J, Coughlan D, Glover D, Hembrough R, Scott F, Turner A, Bishop C. Practices and perceptions of strength and conditioning training in female golf: A cross-sectional survey study of high-level amateur players. J Sports Sci 2024; 42:270-280. [PMID: 38470315 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2024.2328971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to ascertain an in-depth understanding of current practices and perceptions of S&C training in high-level amateur female golfers. A cross-sectional, explorative survey study was constructed which asked questions relating to four key areas: i) general participant information, ii) current strength and conditioning (S&C) practices, iii) the perceived influence of S&C training on golf performance, and iv) knowledge and awareness of S&C. Results showed that the majority of female players had participated in some form of S&C training in the past, with the majority believing that clubhead speed and carry distance were the primary golfing metrics which could be positively impacted. More specifically, 91-97% of the players "Strongly agreed" or "Agreed" that the key physical characteristics for golf were strength and power for the lower and upper body, and flexibility. Interestingly, 58% of the players believed that S&C training should mimic the movement of the golf swing, which based off current evidence, is not how drive metrics and ultimately shots gained, can be maximised. This survey study provides useful information relating to the practices and perceptions of S&C training in high-level female amateur players and areas where education may be able to further advance player understanding of physical preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Robinson
- London Sport Institute, Middlesex University, London, UK
| | - Andrew Murray
- Department of Medical and Scientific, The R&A, St Andrews, UK
- Medical Department, Ladies European Tour, Uxbridge, UK
- European Tour Performance Institute, Surrey, UK
| | - Margo Mountjoy
- Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- International Golf Federation, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jack Wells
- The Professional Golfers' Association, National Training Academy, The Belfry, Sutton Coldfield, UK
- England Golf, Lincolnshire, UK
| | - Dan Coughlan
- Department of Medical and Scientific, The R&A, St Andrews, UK
- Medical Department, Ladies European Tour, Uxbridge, UK
- European Tour Performance Institute, Surrey, UK
- England Golf, Lincolnshire, UK
| | - Danny Glover
- Medical Department, Ladies European Tour, Uxbridge, UK
| | | | - Fiona Scott
- Medical Department, Ladies European Tour, Uxbridge, UK
- England Golf, Lincolnshire, UK
| | - Anthony Turner
- London Sport Institute, Middlesex University, London, UK
| | - Chris Bishop
- London Sport Institute, Middlesex University, London, UK
- Department of Medical and Scientific, The R&A, St Andrews, UK
- Medical Department, Ladies European Tour, Uxbridge, UK
- European Tour Performance Institute, Surrey, UK
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Palimaru AI, Brown RA, Dickerson DL, Kennedy D, Johnson CL, D'Amico EJ. Mixed Methods Evaluation of Satisfaction with Two Culturally Tailored Substance use Prevention Programs for American Indian/Alaska Native Emerging Adults. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2024; 25:330-346. [PMID: 37923885 PMCID: PMC10891245 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-023-01612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities are disproportionately affected by the opioid epidemic. AI/AN emerging adults (ages 18-25) in urban areas are at particularly high risk, with the overdose death rate among urban-dwelling AI/AN people 1.4 times higher than rural-dwelling AI/AN people. Despite these challenges, there are no evidence-based culturally tailored prevention or intervention programs to address opioid, alcohol and other drug use among urban AI/AN emerging adults. This study focused on understanding AI/AN emerging adults' experiences with two culturally tailored programs addressing opioid, cannabis, and alcohol use as part of the randomized controlled trial for Traditions and Connections for Urban Native Americans (TACUNA) in order to enhance feasibility of this intervention. Using a convergent mixed methods design at 3-month follow-up, we collected satisfaction and experience ratings and written narratives (total n = 162; intervention n = 77; control n = 85) from a sample of urban-dwelling AI/AN emerging adults who participated in both programs. We analyzed data through simultaneous examination of qualitative and quantitative data. The quantitative ratings show that both programs were rated highly. The qualitative data contextualized these ratings, illustrating pathways through which specific components were perceived to cause desired or observed behavioral change in participants. Among the elements that mattered most to these participants were the convenience of the virtual format, having a comfortable and safe space to share personal stories, and learning new information about their social networks. Negative comments focused on workshop length and inconvenient scheduling. This is one of the first studies to explore participant satisfaction and experience with culturally tailored substance use programming among a historically marginalized and understudied population. It is important to consider the voices of urban-dwelling AI/AN people in program development because hidden factors, such as limited financial resources, limited time, and misalignment with cultural values may prevent existing programs from being feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina I Palimaru
- RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA, 90401, USA.
| | - Ryan A Brown
- RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA, 90401, USA
| | - Daniel L Dickerson
- UCLA Integrated Substance Abuse Program, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David Kennedy
- RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA, 90401, USA
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Prey Dawson J, Finn H, Chittalia AZ, Vawdrey DK. Analyzing Patient-Provided Responses to Improve Collection of Health Equity Data Elements. AMIA ... ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS. AMIA SYMPOSIUM 2024; 2023:569-578. [PMID: 38222420 PMCID: PMC10785944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Self-report is purported to be the gold standard for collecting demographic information. Many entry forms include a free-text "write-in" option in addition to structured responses. Balancing the flexibility of free-text with the value of collecting data in a structured format is a challenge if the data are to be useful for measuring and mitigating health disparities. While much work has been done to improve collection of race and ethnicity information, how to best collect data related to sexual and gender minority status and military veteran status has been less commonly studied. We analyzed 3,381 patient-provided free-text responses collected via a patient portal for gender identity, sexual orientation, pronouns, and veteran experiences. We identified common responses to better understand our patient population and help improve future iterations of data collection tools.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather Finn
- Steele Institute for Health Innovation, Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania
| | | | - David K Vawdrey
- Steele Institute for Health Innovation, Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania
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Farokhzadian J, Mangolian Shahrbabaki P, Farahmandnia H, Taskiran Eskici G, Soltani Goki F. Nurses' challenges for disaster response: a qualitative study. BMC Emerg Med 2024; 24:1. [PMID: 38172759 PMCID: PMC10765941 DOI: 10.1186/s12873-023-00921-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare providers, particularly nurses, play a critical role in mitigating the impact of disasters on victims and the healthcare system. However, nurses face unique challenges in disasters that may not experience in their daily practice, which can make it harder for them to deal with disasters efficiently. This study aimed to investigate the challenges faced by nurses for disaster response. METHODS A qualitative content analysis approach was used in this study. Purposeful sampling was used to select 24 nurses working in the emergency departments of hospitals in Kerman, southeastern Iran. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using MAXQDA10. The conventional content analysis method proposed by Graneheim and Lundman was used to analyze the data. RESULTS The analysis of the findings resulted in one major category, insufficient ability of nurses to respond to disasters, and five subcategories: diverse nursing conditions during disasters, inappropriate interactive platform during disasters, the presence of obstacles to teamwork, lack of platform for nurses to acquire adequate disaster risk management competence, and moral tension in complex disaster situations. CONCLUSIONS Determining the challenges that nurses face during disasters is essential for improving disaster response efforts, promoting disaster preparedness, ensuring appropriate care for patients, and reducing emotional fatigue among nurses. Finally, nursing leaders, healthcare policymakers and governments should use these findings to better support the nursing workforce in disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hojjat Farahmandnia
- Health in Disasters and Emergencies Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Gülcan Taskiran Eskici
- Department of Nursing Administration, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Faezeh Soltani Goki
- Health in Disasters and Emergencies Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Ebneter AS, Maessen M, Sauter TC, Jenelten G, Eychmueller S. Perceptions and needs of an outpatient palliative care team regarding digital care conferences in palliative care: a mixed-method online survey. Swiss Med Wkly 2024; 154:3487. [PMID: 38579295 DOI: 10.57187/s.3487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telemedicine in palliative care (PC) is increasingly being used, especially in outpatient settings with large geographic distances. Its proven benefits include improved communication, coordination quality and time savings. However, the effect on symptom control is less evident. Whether these benefits apply to the Swiss setting and the needs of healthcare professionals (HCPs) is unknown. OBJECTIVES To identify the perceptions and needs of healthcare professionals (nurses and physicians) regarding telemedicine (generally and specifically for care conferences) in a Swiss outpatient palliative care network. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional, mixed-method online survey with purposefully sampled healthcare professionals from an outpatient palliative care team as baseline data during the planning phase of a quality improvement project (digital care conferences). FINDINGS/RESULTS Of the 251 HCPs approached, 66 responded, including nurses (n = 37) and physicians (n = 29), with an overall response rate of 26.6%. These were distributed into two groups: general palliative care HCPs (n = 48, return rate 21.3%) and specialised palliative care HCPs (n = 18, return rate 69.2%). Generally, telemedicine was perceived as useful. Potential easy access to other HCPs and hence improved communication and coordination were perceived as advantages. Barriers included a lack of acceptance and physical contact, unsolved questions about potential data breaches and technical obstacles. Regarding digital care conferences, the perceived acceptance and feasibility were good; preferred participants were the specialised palliative care HCPs (nurses and physicians), primary physicians and home care nurses, as well as the leadership of a nurse. The needs of the HCPs were as follows: (a) clear and efficient planning, (b) usability and security and (c) visual contact with the patient. CONCLUSION Digital care conferences are perceived as a feasible and useful tool by healthcare professionals in a local palliative care network in Switzerland. A pilot phase will be the next step towards systematic integration of this telemedicine modality into outpatient palliative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Samuel Ebneter
- University Centre for Palliative Care, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maud Maessen
- University Centre for Palliative Care, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas C Sauter
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland
| | - Georgette Jenelten
- Mobile Palliative Care Service Bern-Aare, Spitex Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Steffen Eychmueller
- University Centre for Palliative Care, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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