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Ho BD, Gullett JM, Anton S, Franchetti MK, Bharadwaj PK, Raichlen DA, Alexander GE, Rundek T, Levin B, Visscher K, Woods AJ, Cohen RA. Associations between physical exercise type, fluid intelligence, executive function, and processing speed in the oldest-old (85 +). GeroScience 2024; 46:491-503. [PMID: 37523033 PMCID: PMC10828155 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00885-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While much is known about the effects of physical exercise in adult humans, literature on the oldest-old (≥ 85 years old) is sparse. The present study explored the relationship between self-reported engagement in physical exercise and cognition in the oldest-old. METHODS The sample included 184 cognitively healthy participants (98 females, MoCA mean score = 24.81) aged 85 to 99 years old (mean = 88.49 years). Participants completed the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) questionnaire and a cognitive battery including NIH-TB, Coding, Symbol Search, Letter Fluency, and Stroop task. Three groups of participants - sedentary (n = 58; MoCA mean score = 24; 36 females; mean age = 89.03), cardio (n = 60; MoCA mean score = 25.08; 29 females; mean age = 88.62), and cardio + strength training (n = 66; MoCA mean score = 25.28; 33 females; mean age = 87.91) - were derived from responses on CHAMPS. RESULTS Analyses controlled for years of education, NIH-TB Crystallized Composite, and metabolic equivalent of tasks. The cardio + strength training group had the highest cognitive performances overall and scored significantly better on Coding (p < 0.001) and Symbol Search (p < 0.05) compared to the sedentary group. The cardio + strength training group scored significantly better on Symbol Search, Letter Fluency, and Stroop Color-Word compared to the cardio group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest self-reported exercise in the oldest-old is linked to better performance on cognitive measures of processing speed and executive functioning, and that there may be a synergistic effect of combining aerobic and resistance training on cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Duy Ho
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory Clinical Translational Research, Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Joseph M Gullett
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory Clinical Translational Research, Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Stephen Anton
- Institute On Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - David A Raichlen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gene E Alexander
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Tatjana Rundek
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Bonnie Levin
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kristina Visscher
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Adam J Woods
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory Clinical Translational Research, Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ronald A Cohen
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory Clinical Translational Research, Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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McKay CD, Gubhaju L, Gibberd AJ, McNamara BJ, Macniven R, Joshy G, Roseby R, Williams R, Yashadhana A, Fields T, Porykali B, Azzopardi P, Banks E, Eades SJ. Health behaviours associated with healthy body composition among Aboriginal adolescents in Australia in the 'Next Generation: Youth Well-being study'. Prev Med 2023; 175:107715. [PMID: 37775084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
This study described the distribution of healthy body composition among Aboriginal adolescents in Australia aged 10-24 years and examined associations with health behaviours and self-rated health. Data were cross-sectional from the 'Next Generation: Youth Well-being study' baseline (N = 1294). We used robust Poisson regression to quantify associations of self-reported health behaviours (physical activity, screen time, sleep, consumption of vegetables, fruit, soft drinks and fast food, and tobacco smoking and alcohol) and self-rated health to healthy body mass index (BMI) and waist/height ratio (WHtR). Overall, 48% of participants had healthy BMI and 64% healthy WHtR, with healthy body composition more common among younger adolescents. Higher physical activity was associated with healthy body composition (5-7 days last week vs none; adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) healthy BMI 1.31 [95% CI 1.05-1.64], and healthy WHtR 1.30 [1.10-1.54]), as was recommended sleep duration (vs not; aPR healthy BMI 1.56 [1.19-2.05], and healthy WHtR 1.37 [1.13-1.67]). There was a trend for higher proportion of healthy body composition with more frequent fast food consumption. Healthy body composition was also associated with higher self-rated health ('very good/excellent' vs 'poor/fair'; aPR healthy BMI 1.87 [1.45-2.42], and healthy WHtR 1.71 [1.40-2.10]). Culturally appropriate community health interventions with a focus on physical activity and sleep may hold promise for improving body composition among Aboriginal adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D McKay
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Lina Gubhaju
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alison J Gibberd
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bridgette J McNamara
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rona Macniven
- School of Population Health, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Grace Joshy
- Centre for Public Health Data and Policy, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, College of Health & Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Robert Roseby
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robyn Williams
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Aryati Yashadhana
- School of Population Health, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Centre for Primary Health Care & Equity, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ted Fields
- School of Population Health, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Centre for Primary Health Care & Equity, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bobby Porykali
- Guunu-maana (Heal) Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Program, The George Institute for Global Heath, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Azzopardi
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Emily Banks
- Centre for Public Health Data and Policy, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, College of Health & Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Sandra J Eades
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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3
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Cheng GJ, Nicklett EJ. Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Relationship Between Neighborhood Environment and Physical Activity Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults. J Aging Health 2022; 34:1163-1177. [PMID: 35603774 PMCID: PMC10790400 DOI: 10.1177/08982643221103359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Objectives:To examine the associations between neighborhood environment-perceived neighborhood social cohesion and perceived neighborhood physical environment-and physical activity (PA) and whether these associations differ by race/ethnicity. Methods: We analyzed data from the Health and Retirement Study, a longitudinal study of US adults aged 50+ from 2006 to 2014 (N = 17,974), using multivariate mixed-effects linear models. PA was repeatedly measured using metabolic equivalent of task estimated values accounting for the vigor and frequency of self-reported PA. Results: In multivariate models, higher levels of PA were positively associated with higher rated neighborhood social cohesion and neighborhood physical environment scores. The effects of social cohesion were stronger among non-Hispanic Whites than among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic/Latinx participants, while race/ethnicity did not moderate the association between PA and physical environment. Discussion: Intervention strategies that address social and physical barriers of neighborhoods could promote PA in older adults. Key implications for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Jianjia Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Emily J. Nicklett
- Department of Social Work, College for Health, Community and Policy, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, US
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4
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The Need for Objective Physical Activity Measurements in Routine Bariatric Care. Obes Surg 2022; 32:2975-2986. [PMID: 35739414 PMCID: PMC9392711 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-022-06165-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to (1) quantify physical behavior through self-reports and sensor-based measures, (2) examine the correlation between self-reported and sensor-based physical activity (PA) and (3) assess whether bariatric patients adhere to PA guidelines. Methods A Fitbit accelerometer was used to collect minute-to-minute step count and heart rate data for 14 consecutive days. Total physical activity levels (PAL), moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) were used to quantify physical behavior. Self-reported PA was assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). To analyze the association between sensor-based and self-reported PA, Spearman’s correlation was used. A minimum of 150 MVPA minutes per week was considered as compliance with the PA guidelines. Results Fitbit data of 37 pre- and 18 post-surgery patients was analyzed. Participants averaged 7403 ± 3243 steps/day and spent most of their time sedentary (832 min, IQR: 749 – 879), especially in prolonged periods of ≥ 30 min (525, IQR: 419 – 641). Median MVPA time was 5.6 min/day (IQR: 1.7 – 10.6). Correlations between self-reported and sensor-based MVPA and SB were respectively 0.072 and 0.455. Only 17.1% was objectively adherent to MVPA guidelines ≥ 150 min/week, while 94.3% met the guidelines in case of self-reports. Conclusion PA quantification confirmed that bariatric patients are highly sedentary and rarely engage in MVPA, despite a relatively high daily step count. Moreover, bariatric patients are not able to assess MVPA and moderately their SB by self-reports. Our results indicate the need for sensor-based PA monitoring in routine bariatric care. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11695-022-06165-y.
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Do Fitter Children Better Assess Their Physical Activity with Questionnaire Than Less Fit Children? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031304. [PMID: 35162327 PMCID: PMC8835444 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Most physical activity (PA) questionnaires assess moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) describing the physical exertion of individuals that might be influenced by their physical fitness. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether fitter children could better assess their PA with the questionnaire than less fit children. The cross-sectional validation study was conducted with 108 children (60 girls) aged 11 to 14 years, who were divided into three fitness groups based on the results of the 600 m running test. To answer the research question, the agreement between their assessment of PA using the SHAPES questionnaire and the UKK RM42 accelerometer data was analysed. One quarter of the participants achieved at least 60 min of MVPA each day, measured by accelerometer. The average MVPA obtained was 97.8 ± 35.6 min per day, with the high fitness group having a significantly higher value compared with the other groups. Moderate to high validity coefficients were found in the high fitness group (Spearman’s ρ range 0.34–0.70). In contrast, the lower fitness groups had poor to moderate validity for all variables (Spearman’s ρ range 0.03–0.42). These results suggest that the fittest children self-assess their PA with the questionnaire better than less fit children, which may advance new directions for the development and evaluation of PA questionnaires and their usability.
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6
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Bernhart JA, Turner-McGrievy GM, Eustis S, Wilson MJ, Hutto B, Wilcox S. Physical activity assessment in African Americans participating in a dietary weight-loss trial focused on soul food. J Public Health (Oxf) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-021-01666-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Carraça E, Encantado J, Battista F, Beaulieu K, Blundell J, Busetto L, van Baak M, Dicker D, Ermolao A, Farpour-Lambert N, Pramono A, Woodward E, Bellicha A, Oppert JM. Effective behavior change techniques to promote physical activity in adults with overweight or obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2021; 22 Suppl 4:e13258. [PMID: 33949778 PMCID: PMC8365685 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Multicomponent behavior change interventions are typically used in weight management, but results are largely heterogeneous and modest. Determining which techniques (behavior change technique [BCTs]) are more effective in changing behavior is thus required. This study aimed to identify the most effective BCTs for increasing physical activity (PA) in digital and face-to-face behavior change interventions in adults with overweight/obesity. Four databases were searched for eligible studies until October 2019. BCTs were coded using BCTTv1 and MBCT taxonomies. Sixty-two RCTs were included. Meta-regressions were performed to explore BCTs' moderating role. Five BCTs showed significant moderator effects on PA in digital interventions: goal setting behavior, goal setting outcome, graded tasks, social incentive, and self-monitoring of behavior (adjusted R2 's = 0.15-0.51). One BCT showed significant moderator effects on PA in face-to-face interventions, behavioral practice and rehearsal (adjusted R2 = 0.22). Multivariate and sensitivity analysis generally led to similar findings. Effective BCTs for increasing PA in adults with overweight/obesity in digital and face-to-face interventions seem to differ. Evidence suggests that using goal setting, social incentive, and graded tasks might help improve PA in digital interventions while avoiding inconsistent self-monitoring of behavior. In face-to-face interventions, prompting behavioral practice and rehearsal might lead to better PA outcomes. Still, further studies are needed. Implications of the current findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Carraça
- CIDEFES, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Faculdade de Educação Física e Desporto, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jorge Encantado
- Applied Psychology Research Center Capabilities & Inclusion, ISPA - University Institute, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Francesca Battista
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Kristine Beaulieu
- Appetite Control and Energy Balance Group, School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - John Blundell
- Appetite Control and Energy Balance Group, School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Luca Busetto
- Obesity Management Task Force, European Association for the Study of Obesity, Teddington, UK.,Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marleen van Baak
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dror Dicker
- Obesity Management Task Force, European Association for the Study of Obesity, Teddington, UK.,Department of Internal Medicine D, Hasharon Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Andrea Ermolao
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Nathalie Farpour-Lambert
- Obesity Management Task Force, European Association for the Study of Obesity, Teddington, UK.,Obesity Prevention and Care Program Contrepoids, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Adriyan Pramono
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Euan Woodward
- Obesity Management Task Force, European Association for the Study of Obesity, Teddington, UK
| | - Alice Bellicha
- INSERM, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches, NutriOmics, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.,UFR SESS-STAPS, University Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Jean-Michel Oppert
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Nutrition, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
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8
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Sanchez-Lastra MA, Ding D, Dalene KE, Ekelund U, Tarp J. Physical Activity and Mortality Across Levels of Adiposity: A Prospective Cohort Study From the UK Biobank. Mayo Clin Proc 2021; 96:105-119. [PMID: 33309181 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the combined and stratified associations of physical activity and adiposity measures, modelled as body mass index (BMI), abdominal adiposity (waist circumference), and body fat percentage (BF) with all-cause mortality. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using the UK Biobank cohort, we extracted quintiles of self-reported weekly physical activity. Categories of measured BMI, waist circumference, and BF were generated. Joint associations between physical activity-adiposity categories and mortality were examined using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for demographic, behavioral, and clinical covariates. Physical activity-mortality associations were also examined within adiposity strata. Participants were followed from baseline (2006 to 2010) through January 31, 2018. RESULTS A total of 295,917 participants (median follow-up, 8.9 years, during which 6684 deaths occurred) were included. High physical activity was associated with lower risk of premature mortality in all strata of adiposity except for those with BMI ≥35 kg/m2. Highest risk (HR, 1.54; 95% CI; 1.33 to 1.79) was observed in individuals with low physical activity and high BF as compared with the high physical activity-low BF referent. High physical activity attenuated the risk of high adiposity when using BF (HR, 1.24; 95% CI; 1.04 to 1.49), but the association was weaker with BMI (HR, 1.45; 95% CI; 1.21 to 1.73). Physical activity also attenuated the association between mortality and high waist circumference. CONCLUSION Low physical activity and adiposity were both associated with a higher risk of premature mortality, but high physical activity attenuated the increased risk with adiposity irrespective of adiposity metric, except in those with a BMI ≥35 kg/m2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Sanchez-Lastra
- Department of Special Didactics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Sports, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Ding Ding
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW Australia
| | - Knut-Eirik Dalene
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway; Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jakob Tarp
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
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9
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Maliniak ML, Gapstur SM, McCullough LE, Rees-Punia E, Gaudet MM, Um CY, Guinter MA, Flanders WD, Patel AV. Joint associations of physical activity and body mass index with the risk of established excess body fatness-related cancers among postmenopausal women. Cancer Causes Control 2020; 32:127-138. [PMID: 33185805 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-020-01365-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Excess body fatness and physical activity independently influence the risk of several types of cancer. However, few studies have examined whether physical activity mitigates the excess risk associated with higher body mass index (BMI). METHODS We examined the individual and joint associations between BMI (kg/m2) and leisure-time moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA, MET-hours/week) with the risk of three established excess body fatness-related cancers (breast, colon, and endometrial) among 43,795 postmenopausal women in the Cancer Prevention Study II (CPS-II) Nutrition Cohort (1992/1993-2015). Further exclusions for women without an intact uterus resulted in 31,805 women for endometrial cancer analyses. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with interaction terms to assess multiplicative interaction. The relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) was calculated to assess additive interaction. RESULTS BMI and MVPA were individually associated with breast and endometrial cancer risk, but only BMI was associated with colon cancer risk. In joint analyses, increasing levels of MVPA did not lower the risk of these cancers among obese women. For example, compared to the common referent (BMI 18.5- < 25 kg/m2, MVPA > 0- < 7.5 MET-hours/week), BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 was associated with a higher risk of breast cancer among women with low MVPA (> 0-< 7.5 MET-hours/week: HR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.22 - 1.67) and high MVPA (≥ 15 MET-hours/week: HR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.25 - 1.87; RERI = 0.20, 95% CI: -0.14, 0.54, multiplicative Pinteraction = 0.64). CONCLUSION Our results do not support the hypothesis that leisure-time physical activity mitigates the excess risk associated with higher BMI for risk of breast, endometrial, or colon cancer among postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maret L Maliniak
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Department of Epidemiology, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, 30322, USA.
| | - Susan M Gapstur
- American Cancer Society, Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, 250 Williams St, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lauren E McCullough
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Department of Epidemiology, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, 30322, USA
| | - Erika Rees-Punia
- American Cancer Society, Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, 250 Williams St, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mia M Gaudet
- American Cancer Society, Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, 250 Williams St, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Caroline Y Um
- American Cancer Society, Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, 250 Williams St, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mark A Guinter
- American Cancer Society, Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, 250 Williams St, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - W Dana Flanders
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Department of Epidemiology, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, 30322, USA.,American Cancer Society, Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, 250 Williams St, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alpa V Patel
- American Cancer Society, Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, 250 Williams St, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Simpson SA, Matthews L, Pugmire J, McConnachie A, McIntosh E, Coulman E, Hughes K, Kelson M, Morgan-Trimmer S, Murphy S, Utkina-Macaskill O, Moore LAR. An app-, web- and social support-based weight loss intervention for adults with obesity: the 'HelpMeDoIt!' feasibility randomised controlled trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2020; 6:133. [PMID: 32968544 PMCID: PMC7501712 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-020-00656-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social support has an important role in successful weight loss. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of an app-, web- and social support-based intervention in supporting adults with obesity to achieve weight loss. Methods The intervention and evaluation methods were tested in a feasibility randomised controlled trial. Adults in the Greater Glasgow and Clyde Health Board area of Scotland with a body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2 were recruited and randomised 2:1 (intervention to control). The feasibility and acceptability of the intervention and trial methods were assessed against pre-specified progression criteria, via process, economic and outcome evaluation. Three primary outcomes were explored: BMI, diet and physical activity, as well as a number of secondary outcomes. The intervention group had access to the HelpMeDoIt! intervention for 12 months. This encouraged them to (i) set goals, (ii) monitor progress and (iii) harness social support by inviting ‘helpers’ from their existing social network. The control group received a healthy lifestyle leaflet. Results One hundred and nine participants were recruited, with 84 participants (77%) followed-up at 12 months. The intervention and trial methods were feasible and acceptable. Participants and helpers were generally positive. Of the 54 (74%) participants who downloaded the app, 48 (89%) used it. Interview data indicated that HelpMeDoIt! promoted social support from existing social networks to support weight loss. This support was often given outside of the app. Outcomes were compared using linear regression models, with randomised group, the baseline measurement of the outcome, age and gender as predictor variables. These analyses were exploratory and underpowered to detect effects. However, all pre-specified primary outcome effects (BMI, diet and physical activity) had wide confidence intervals and were therefore consistent with clinically relevant benefits. Objective physical activity measures perhaps showed most potential (daily step count (p = 0.098; 1187 steps [− 180, 2555])) and sedentary time (p = 0.022; − 60.8 min [− 110.5, − 11.0]). However, these outcomes were poorly completed. Conclusions The study demonstrated that a novel social support intervention involving support from participants’ close social networks, delivered via app and website, has potential to promote weight loss and is feasible and acceptable. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN85615983. Registered 25 September 2014
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Anne Simpson
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Berkeley Square, 99 Berkeley Street, Glasgow, G3 7HR UK
| | - Lynsay Matthews
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Berkeley Square, 99 Berkeley Street, Glasgow, G3 7HR UK
| | - Juliana Pugmire
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Berkeley Square, 99 Berkeley Street, Glasgow, G3 7HR UK
| | - Alex McConnachie
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Robertson Centre, Boyd Orr Building, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - Emma McIntosh
- Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment Unit (HEHTA), Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, 1 Lilybank Gardens, Glasgow, G12 8RZ UK
| | - Elinor Coulman
- Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park Way, Cardiff, CF14 4YS UK
| | - Kathryn Hughes
- Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park Way, Cardiff, CF14 4YS UK
| | - Mark Kelson
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, School of Mathematics/The Alan Turing Institute, University of Exeter, Harrison Building, Streatham Campus, North Park Road, Exeter, EX4 4QF UK
| | - Sarah Morgan-Trimmer
- Institute of Health Research, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, College House, St Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Simon Murphy
- Centre for the Development and Evaluation of Complex Interventions for Public Health Improvement (DECIPHer), Cardiff School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT UK
| | - Olga Utkina-Macaskill
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Berkeley Square, 99 Berkeley Street, Glasgow, G3 7HR UK
| | - Laurence Anthony Russell Moore
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Berkeley Square, 99 Berkeley Street, Glasgow, G3 7HR UK
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11
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Lord J, Roberson S, Odoi A. Investigation of geographic disparities of pre-diabetes and diabetes in Florida. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1226. [PMID: 32787830 PMCID: PMC7425001 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09311-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a leading cause of death and disability in the United States, and its precursor, pre-diabetes, is estimated to occur in one-third of American adults. Understanding the geographic disparities in the distribution of these conditions and identifying high-prevalence areas is critical to guiding control and prevention programs. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate clusters of pre-diabetes and diabetes risk in Florida and identify significant predictors of the conditions. METHODS Data from the 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were obtained from the Florida Department of Health. Spatial scan statistics were used to identify and locate significant high-prevalence local clusters. The county prevalence proportions of pre-diabetes and diabetes and the identified significant clusters were displayed in maps. Logistic regression was used to identify significant predictors of the two conditions for individuals living within and outside high-prevalence clusters. RESULTS The study included a total of 34,186 respondents. The overall prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes were 8.2 and 11.5%, respectively. Three significant (p < 0.05) local, high-prevalence spatial clusters were detected for pre-diabetes, while five were detected for diabetes. The counties within the high-prevalence clusters had prevalence ratios ranging from 1.29 to 1.85. There were differences in the predictors of the conditions based on whether respondents lived within or outside high-prevalence clusters. Predictors of both pre-diabetes and diabetes regardless of region or place of residence were obesity/overweight, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. Income and physical activity level were significant predictors of diabetes but not pre-diabetes. Arthritis, sex, and marital status were significant predictors of diabetes only among residents of high-prevalence clusters, while educational attainment and smoking were significant predictors of diabetes only among residents of non-cluster counties. CONCLUSIONS Geographic disparities of pre-diabetes and diabetes exist in Florida. Information from this study is useful for guiding resource allocation and targeting of intervention programs focusing on identified modifiable predictors of pre-diabetes and diabetes so as to reduce health disparities and improve the health of all Floridians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Lord
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Shamarial Roberson
- Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention, Division of Community Health Promotion, Florida Department of Health, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Agricola Odoi
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
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12
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Tay CT, Moran LJ, Harrison CL, Brown WJ, Joham AE. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome: An Australian population-based cross-sectional study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2020; 93:154-162. [PMID: 32324293 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lifestyle is the first-line treatment for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This study examines the physical activity (PA) levels and sedentary behaviours of women with and without PCOS, and their alignment with the PCOS PA guideline. METHODS This cross-sectional study on women (aged 22-27 years) in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health was conducted in 2019 using data collected in 2017. Self-reported PA levels and total daily sitting time (ST) of women with (n = 7051) and without (n = 796) self-reported PCOS were presented, stratified by body mass index (BMI) and a combined overweight/obese group. RESULTS 71.0% and 56.7% of the entire study cohort achieved PA levels recommended for weight maintenance and weight loss, respectively. Overall, PA levels were lower and ST was higher in women with than without PCOS. In each BMI category, similar proportions of women with and without PCOS met the PA guidelines but became lower as BMI category increased. Fewer overweight/obese group women with than without PCOS aligned with recommendations for weight maintenance (58.7% vs 65.7%, P = .003) or weight loss (45.1% vs 50.3%, P = .032). ST ≥8 h/d was observed in two-thirds of women with and without self-reported PCOS similarly before and after stratifying by BMI. CONCLUSION High sedentary behaviour was extremely prevalent. Although the majority of women met PA recommendations for weight maintenance, only one in two overweight/obese women met PA recommendation for weight loss. Overweight/obese women with PCOS were more likely to participate in insufficient PA and require increased support to achieve sustainable healthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chau Thien Tay
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
- Department of Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Monash Health, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Lisa J Moran
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
- Department of Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Monash Health, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Cheryce L Harrison
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Wendy J Brown
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Anju E Joham
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
- Department of Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Monash Health, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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13
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Tarp J, Hansen BH, Fagerland MW, Steene-Johannessen J, Anderssen SA, Ekelund U. Accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time in a cohort of US adults followed for up to 13 years: the influence of removing early follow-up on associations with mortality. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:39. [PMID: 32169059 PMCID: PMC7071621 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-00945-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies linking physical activity with mortality are susceptible to reverse causation bias from undiagnosed and prevalent diseases. Researchers often attempt to deal with reverse causation bias by excluding deaths occurring within the first 1 or 2 years from the analysis, but it is unclear if excluding deaths within this time-frame is sufficient to remove bias. Methods We examined associations between total and intensity-specific physical activity and sedentary time with all-cause mortality in a prospective cohort of 3542 individuals from the 2003–2006 NHANES cycles. In order to yield measures of association hypothesized as minimally influenced by reverse causation bias the primary analysis excluded individuals with < 5 years of follow-up. Accelerometer-measured physical activity was linked with recently updated vital status from the National Death Index with a median follow-up of 10.8 years. Results Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 0.74 (0.53, 1.04), 0.52 (0.37, 0.73), and 0.61 (0.38, 1.01) for ascending quartiles of total physical activity against the least active reference. Hazard ratios for ascending moderate-to-vigorous physical activity quartiles against the reference were 0.67 (0.47, 1.96), 0.67 (0.47, 0.95), and 0.68 (0.39, 1.18). Associations for light intensity physical activity and sedentary time were smaller in magnitude and all confidence intervals included unity. Total activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity hazard ratios from analyses only excluding deaths within the first 2 years were inflated by 13 and 26% relative to analysis restricted to ≥5 years of follow-up. Conclusions The pattern of associations suggested total physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were associated with lower mortality after more than 10 years of follow-up and excluding the first 5 years of observation time to minimize the impact of reverse causation bias. Excluding deaths within the first 2 years appeared insufficient to minimize the impact of reserve causation bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Tarp
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Sognsveien 220, 0806, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Bjørge Herman Hansen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Sognsveien 220, 0806, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Public Health, Sports and Nutrition, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Morten Wang Fagerland
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Sognsveien 220, 0806, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Sigmund Alfred Anderssen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Sognsveien 220, 0806, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Sognsveien 220, 0806, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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14
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Possmark S, Sellberg F, Willmer M, Tynelius P, Persson M, Berglind D. Accelerometer-measured versus self-reported physical activity levels in women before and up to 48 months after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass. BMC Surg 2020; 20:39. [PMID: 32103734 PMCID: PMC7045736 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-020-00699-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) patients overestimate their time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) to a greater extent post-surgery than pre-surgery. However, there is no data on discrepancy between self-reported and accelerometer-measured MVPA beyond nine months post-RYGB. The aim was to investigate how the duration of MVPA (main outcome) differs when comparing a self-administered questionnaire to accelerometer-data from pre-surgery and up to 48 months post-RYGB. Methods Twenty-six (38%) RYGB-treated women with complete data from the original cohort (N = 69) were included. Participants were recruited from five Swedish hospitals. Mean pre-surgery BMI was 38.9 (standard deviation (SD) = 3.4) kg/m2 and mean age 39.9 (SD = 6.5) years. MVPA was subjectively measured by a self-administered questionnaire and objectively measured by the ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer at 3 months pre-RYGB and 9- and 48 months post-RYGB. Means and SD were calculated at 3 months pre- and 9- and 48 months post-RYGB. We calculated the P-values of the differences with Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test. For correlations between the self-administered questionnaire and the accelerometers, Spearman’s rank correlation was used. Results Participants significantly overestimated (i.e. self-reported more time spent in MVPA compared to accelerometry) their MVPA in a higher degree post- compared to pre-RYGB surgery. Compared to pre-surgery, self-reported MVPA increased with 46.9 and 36.5% from pre- to 9- and 48 months, respectively, whereas changes were a 6.1% increase and 3.5% decrease with accelerometers. Correlations between self-reported and accelerometer-measured MVPA-assessments were poor at all measurement points (r = 0.21–0.42) and only significant at 48 months post-RYGB (P = 0.032). Conclusions The discrepancy between self-reported and objectively assessed MVPA within the same individual is greater up to 48 months post-RYGB compared to before surgery. To help bariatric patients understand and hopefully increase their physical activity behaviors post-surgery, objective measures of physical activity should be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Possmark
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, K9, Social Medicine, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Fanny Sellberg
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, K9, Social Medicine, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikaela Willmer
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, University of Gävle, 801 76, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Per Tynelius
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, K9, Social Medicine, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Box 45436, 104 31, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Daniel Berglind
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, K9, Social Medicine, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Muscle-strengthening exercise and prevalent hypertension among 1.5 million adults: a little is better than none. J Hypertens 2020; 38:1466-1473. [PMID: 32102048 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical evidence suggests that muscle-strengthening exercise (using weight machines/body weight exercises) may be an important antihypertensive lifestyle therapy. However, epidemiological research on the association between muscle-strengthening exercise and hypertension is limited. We conducted the first population-level study describing the associations between muscle-strengthening exercise and prevalent hypertension among a large sample of US adults. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, data were pooled from four US health surveillance surveys (2011-2017) (n = 1 539 309, aged ≥18 years). Muscle-strengthening exercise frequency and self-reported clinically diagnosed hypertension (n = 431 313; 28%) were assessed using the same items across each survey. Generalized linear models using Poisson regression with robust error variance were used to calculate the prevalence ratios of hypertension (outcome variable) across muscle-strengthening exercise [exposure variables: 0 (reference); 1 to ≥7 times/week), adjusting for potential cofounders. RESULTS Compared with those doing none, the adjusted prevalence ratios for hypertension were 0.67 (95% CI: 0.66-0.68), 0.67 (95% CI: 0.67-0.68), 0.70 (95% CI: 0.69-0.70), 0.61 (95% CI: 0.60-0.63), 0.62 (95% CI: 0.61-0.64), 0.60 (95% CI: 0.58-0.62) and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.82-0.84) among the groups engaging in muscle-strengthening exercise one, two, three, four, five, six, and at least seven times/week, respectively. Associations remained after stratification for sociodemographic factors (age, sex), lifestyle characteristics (aerobic exercise, BMI, self-rated health, smoking, alcohol) and comorbidities (e.g. arthritis, diabetes, depression). CONCLUSION Among over 1.5 million adults, compared with those doing none, any weekly frequency in muscle-strengthening exercise was associated with a lower prevalence of hypertension. Longitudinal studies and large-scale muscle-strengthening exercise interventions with population representative samples are needed to confirm these preliminary cross-sectional observations.
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16
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Bennie JA, De Cocker K, Pavey T, Stamatakis E, Biddle SJH, Ding D. Muscle Strengthening, Aerobic Exercise, and Obesity: A Pooled Analysis of 1.7 Million US Adults. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:371-378. [PMID: 31709754 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Both aerobic physical activity and muscle-strengthening exercise are recommended for obesity prevention. However, at the population level, the independent and/or combined associations of these physical activity modalities with obesity are unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between aerobic physical activity and muscle-strengthening exercise with obesity among a representative sample of adults. METHODS Data were pooled from four US public health surveillance surveys from 2011 to 2017. Cross-sectional associations between adherence to the aerobic physical activity (≥ 150 min/wk) and muscle-strengthening exercise (≥ 2 times/wk) guidelines with different classes of BMI-defined obesity were examined using Poisson regression. Prevalence ratios are reported as both unadjusted and adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics. RESULTS Data were available for 1,677,108 adults (≥ 18 years old). Compared with meeting neither guideline (reference category), meeting both guidelines was associated with the lowest adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) for the following: Class I obesity and above (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2 ), APR = 0.54 (95% CI: 0.53-0.54); Class II obesity and above (BMI ≥ 35.0 kg/m2 ), APR = 0.32 (95% CI: 0.31-0.33); and Class III obesity and above (BMI ≥ 40.0 kg/m2 ), APR = 0.21 (95% CI: 0.20-0.21). CONCLUSIONS Among nearly 1.7 million US adults, meeting both aerobic and muscle-strengthening exercise guidelines was associated with a lower obesity prevalence, and associations were more pronounced for higher obesity classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Bennie
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ PALs), University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katrien De Cocker
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ PALs), University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Toby Pavey
- School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre Epidemiology Unit, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stuart J H Biddle
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ PALs), University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ding Ding
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre Epidemiology Unit, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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17
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Webber K, Carolus E, Mileshkin L, Sommeijer D, McAlpine J, Bladgen S, Coleman RL, Herzog TJ, Sehouli J, Nasser S, Inci G, Friedlander M. OVQUEST – Life after the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer - An international survey of symptoms and concerns in ovarian cancer survivors. Gynecol Oncol 2019; 155:126-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Grunseit AC, Bohn-Goldbaum E, Crane M, Milat A, Cashmore A, Fonua R, Gow A, Havrlant R, Reid K, Hennessey K, Firth W, Bauman A. Participant profile and impacts of an Aboriginal healthy lifestyle and weight loss challenge over four years 2012-2015. Aust N Z J Public Health 2019; 43:328-333. [PMID: 31268219 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore participation, consistency of demographic and health profiles, and short-term impacts across six Aboriginal Knockout Health Challenge (KHC) team-based weight loss competitions, 2012 to 2015. METHODS Data comprised one competition each from 2012 and 2013 and two per year in 2014 and 2015. We compared baseline and change (pre- to post-competition) in weight, fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity and waist circumference (baseline only) across competitions using mixed models. RESULTS Numbers of teams and participants increased from 2012 to 2015 from 13 and 324 to 33 and 830, respectively. A total of 3,625 participants registered, representing 2,645 unique people (25.4% repeat participation). Participants were mainly female and >90% were classified obese at baseline. Baseline weight and weight lost (between 1.9% and 2.5%) were significantly lower in subsequent competitions compared with the first. Improvements in fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity were comparable across competitions. CONCLUSION The KHC has increasing and sustained appeal among Aboriginal communities, attracting those at risk from lifestyle-associated chronic disease and effectively reducing weight and promoting healthy lifestyles in the short term. Implications for public health: Community-led programs generated by, and responsive to, Aboriginal Australians' needs can demonstrate consistent community reach and sustained program-level lifestyle improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne C Grunseit
- The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, New South Wales.,Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales
| | - Erika Bohn-Goldbaum
- The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, New South Wales.,Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales
| | - Melanie Crane
- The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, New South Wales.,Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales
| | - Andrew Milat
- The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, New South Wales.,Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence, NSW Ministry of Health, New South Wales
| | - Aaron Cashmore
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence, NSW Ministry of Health, New South Wales.,School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of NSW, New South Wales
| | - Rose Fonua
- NSW Office of Preventive Health, New South Wales
| | - Angela Gow
- NSW Office of Preventive Health, New South Wales
| | | | - Kate Reid
- NSW Office of Preventive Health, New South Wales
| | | | - Willow Firth
- South Coast Women's Health and Welfare Aboriginal Corporation, New South Wales
| | - Adrian Bauman
- The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, New South Wales.,Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales
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19
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Forseth B, Papanek PE, Bandini L, Schoeller D, Moosreiner A, Sawin KJ, Zvara K, Fendrich M, Polfuss M. Feasibility and Acceptability of a Self-Report Activity Diary in Families of Children With and Without Special Needs. Compr Child Adolesc Nurs 2019; 42:293-303. [PMID: 31199888 DOI: 10.1080/24694193.2019.1606864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the feasibility and acceptability of a self-report activity diary completed by parents and older children to assess the child's daily activity in children with and without special needs. The study included 36 child/parent dyads stratified by child age and diagnosis. Parents (n = 36) and children ≥13 years (n = 12) were asked to report on the child's daily activity using an activity diary. Feasibility was determined based on successfully returned diaries and acceptability via post-study interview. Activity diaries were submitted by 94% of the parents and 100% of the children, with 83% and 80%, respectively, successfully completed. Comments provided post-study regarding the diaries were primarily on the format and were generally negative. The activity diary was feasible to use, but not well accepted within our sample of children with and without special needs or their parents. Further research is needed to create valid physical activity assessment measures that are population specific for individuals with special needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Forseth
- College of Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin , Milwaukee , USA
| | - Paula E Papanek
- Physical Therapy, Marquette University , Milwaukee , WI , USA
| | - Linda Bandini
- Department of Pediatrics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver Center/UMASS Medical School , Worcester , MA , USA.,College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Dale Schoeller
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin , Madison , WI , USA
| | - Andrea Moosreiner
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee , WI , USA
| | - Kathleen J Sawin
- Department of Nursing Research, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin , Milwaukee , WI , USA.,College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee , Milwaukee , WI , USA
| | - Kimberley Zvara
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin , Milwaukee , WI , USA.,Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee , WI , USA
| | - Michael Fendrich
- University of Connecticut School of Social Work , Hartford , CT , USA
| | - Michele Polfuss
- Department of Nursing Research, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin , Milwaukee , WI , USA.,College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee , Milwaukee , WI , USA
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20
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Kaouk L, Hsu AT, Tanuseputro P, Jessri M. Modifiable factors associated with weight regain after bariatric surgery: a scoping review. F1000Res 2019; 8:615. [PMID: 32983412 PMCID: PMC7492783 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.18787.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for severe obesity, weight regain may still occur. While non-modifiable factors associated with weight regain have been explored, modifiable factors responsible for weight regain are understudied. This scoping review aimed to identify modifiable behaviors associated with weight regain after bariatric surgery. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in Medline, Google Scholar, Cochrane, National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools (NCCMT) and Practice-based Evidence in Nutrition (PEN) which included articles published between January 1990 and February 2 2017, for studies examining "weight regain" after bariatric surgery. A total of 293 citations were retrieved. Eligible articles must have examined modifiable factors and addressed weight regain, or a long-term post-operative phase in which weight regain may occur. After removing duplicates, 22 studies were included for thematic analysis. Results: Key modifiable factors associated with weight regain were identified and categorized under the following themes: poor dietary adherence (e.g. excessive calorie, carbohydrate, and alcohol intake), maladaptive eating behaviors (e.g. grazing, binging), lack of on-going follow-up with the bariatric team and insufficient physical activity. Conclusions: Health professionals and self-monitoring tools for patients who have undergone bariatric surgery may benefit from these findings to direct their education and interventions to target behavior change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Kaouk
- McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Amy T. Hsu
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 1053 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Tanuseputro
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 1053 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mahsa Jessri
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 1053 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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21
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Kaouk L, Hsu AT, Tanuseputro P, Jessri M. Modifiable factors associated with weight regain after bariatric surgery: a scoping review. F1000Res 2019; 8:615. [PMID: 32983412 PMCID: PMC7492783 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.18787.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for severe obesity, weight regain may still occur. While non-modifiable factors associated with weight regain have been explored, modifiable factors responsible for weight regain are understudied. This scoping review aimed to identify modifiable behaviors associated with weight regain after bariatric surgery. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in Medline, Google Scholar, Cochrane, National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools (NCCMT) and Practice-based Evidence in Nutrition (PEN) which included articles published between January 1990 and February 2 2017, for studies examining "weight regain" after bariatric surgery. A total of 293 citations were retrieved. Eligible articles must have examined modifiable factors and addressed weight regain, or a long-term post-operative phase in which weight regain may occur. After removing duplicates, 22 studies were included for thematic analysis. Results: Key modifiable factors associated with weight regain were identified and categorized under the following themes: poor dietary adherence (e.g. excessive calorie, carbohydrate, and alcohol intake), maladaptive eating behaviors (e.g. grazing, binging), lack of on-going follow-up with the bariatric team and insufficient physical activity. Conclusions: Health professionals and self-monitoring tools for patients who have undergone bariatric surgery may benefit from these findings to direct their education and interventions to target behavior change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Kaouk
- McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Amy T. Hsu
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 1053 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Tanuseputro
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 1053 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mahsa Jessri
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 1053 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Life Events, Physical Activity, and Weight Loss Maintenance: Decomposing Mediating and Moderating Effects of Health Behavior. J Phys Act Health 2019; 16:267-273. [PMID: 30849928 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2018-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This analysis helps clarify the individual and joint effects of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in concert with significant life events (eg, divorce, marriage, job change or loss, pregnancy, etc) on weight following a behavioral weight loss intervention. METHODS Data from the Tracking Study weight loss trial were utilized to perform a 4-way decomposition of moderation and mediation of life events (≥ 1 vs 0) and MVPA (low <2500 kcal vs high ≥ 2500 kcal) on 24-month weight. RESULTS The total effect of life events and MVPA on weight was estimated to be 1.63 kg (95% confidence interval = 0.30 to 2.96; P = .02). The controlled direct effect of life events on 24-month weight suggested that experiencing at least one life event controlling for MVPA was associated with an increase of 2.31 kg (95% confidence interval = 0.29 to 4.33) at 24 months. Other interaction and mediation estimates were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS This analysis offers new potential for examining health behaviors that may act as both mediators and effect modifiers of health. Although more work is needed to understand the interaction of life events and MVPA on weight loss maintenance, findings help rule out mediation. Life events and MVPA should be considered for their unique effects on weight loss maintenance in the future.
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de Souza de Silva CG, Kokkinos P, Doom R, Loganathan D, Fonda H, Chan K, de Araújo CGS, Myers J. Association between cardiorespiratory fitness, obesity, and health care costs: The Veterans Exercise Testing Study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2018; 43:2225-2232. [PMID: 30459403 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0257-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Obesity is a chronic disease, a risk factor for other chronic conditions and for early mortality, and is associated with higher health care utilization. Annual spending among obese individuals is at least 30% higher vs. that for normal-weight peers. In contrast, higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is related to many health benefits. We sought to examine the association between CRF and health care costs across the spectrum of body mass index (BMI). METHODS Data from 3,924 men (58.1 ± 11.1 years, 29.2 ± 5.3 kg.m-2) who completed a maximal exercise test for clinical reasons and to estimate CRF were recorded prospectively at the time of testing. Cost data (USD) from each subject during a 6-year period after the exercise test were merged with the exercise database and compared according to BMI and estimated CRF (CRFe). Subjects were categorized as normal-weight (BMI < 25.0 kg.m-2), overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg.m-2), and obese (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg.m-2). We also formed four CRFe categories based on age-stratified quartiles of metabolic equivalents (METs) achieved: least-fit (5.1 ± 1.5 METs; n = 1,044), moderately-fit (7.6 ± 1.5 METs; n = 938), fit (9.4 ± 1.5 METs; n = 988), and highly-fit (12.4 ± 2.2 METs; n = 954). RESULTS Average annual costs per person adjusted for age and presence of cardiovascular disease were $37,018, $40,572, and $45,683 for normal-weight, overweight, and obese subjects, respectively (p < 0.01). For each 1-MET incremental increase in CRFe, annual cost savings per person were $3,272, $4,252, and $6,103 for normal-weight, overweight, and obese subjects, respectively. Stratified by CRFe categories, annual costs for normal-weight, overweight, and obese subjects in the highest CRFe quartile were $28,028, $31,669, and $32,807 lower, respectively, compared to subjects in the lowest CRFe quartile (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Higher CRFe is associated with lower health care costs. Cost savings were particularly evident in obese subjects, suggesting that the economic burden of obesity may be reduced through interventions that target improvements in CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Grüne de Souza de Silva
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA. .,Heart Institute Edson Saad/Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | | | - Rachelle Doom
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Holly Fonda
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Khin Chan
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Jonathan Myers
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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Effectiveness of interventions aiming at reducing sedentary behaviour in a non-surgical population with overweight or obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Res Clin Pract 2018; 13:115-128. [PMID: 30446257 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM This systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigated the effectiveness of interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour amongst people with overweight or obesity. Secondarily, it aimed to investigate the effectiveness of these interventions on body mass index (BMI), time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). METHODS A search of six databases (CENTRAL, PubMed, Embase, PEDro, CINAHL and PsycINFO) was conducted from inception to July 2018. RCTs in which sedentary behaviour was measured by accelerometry or inclinometry, with participants of any age with overweight or obesity were included. Subgroup analyses were undertaken comparing studies that included adults versus children and studies with an active component (e.g., treadmill desk, physically active breaks) versus no active component to their intervention. RESULTS Nine studies (n=1859) were included. Compared to the control group, the interventions significantly reduced time spent in sedentary behaviour (standardised mean difference [95% confidence interval] -0.33 [-0.59 to -0.08] overall; -0.53 [-0.95 to -0.11] in adults). Subgroup analyses demonstrated that only interventions that included active components reduced time spent in sedentary behaviour (-0.54 [-0.88 to -0.20]) and increased time spent in MVPA (1.29 [0.02 to 2.56]). Subgroup analyses demonstrated that interventions only reduced BMI in studies of children (-0.09 [-0.18 to -0.00]) and in those with no active component (-0.09 [-0.18 to -0.01]). There were insufficient data to investigate the effectiveness of these interventions on HRQoL. CONCLUSIONS This novel systematic review and meta-analyses suggests interventions aiming to effectively reduce objectively-measured sedentary behaviour need to specifically include an active component.
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Kim D, Wang F, Arcan C. Geographic Association Between Income Inequality and Obesity Among Adults in New York State. Prev Chronic Dis 2018; 15:E123. [PMID: 30316306 PMCID: PMC6198674 DOI: 10.5888/pcd15.180217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In addition to economic factors and geographic area poverty, area income inequality — the extent to which income is distributed in an uneven manner across a population — has been found to influence health outcomes and obesity. We used a spatial-based approach to describe interactions between neighboring areas with the objective of generating new insights into the relationships between county-level income inequality, poverty, and obesity prevalence across New York State (NYS). Methods We used data from the 2015 American Community Survey and 2013 obesity estimates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for NYS to examine correlations between county-level economic factors and obesity. Spatial mapping and analysis were conducted with ArcMap. Ordinary least squares modeling with adjusting variables was used to examine associations between county-level obesity percentages and county-level income inequality (Gini index). Univariate spatial analysis was conducted between obesity and Gini index, and globally weighted regression and Hot Spot Analysis were used to view spatial clustering. Results Although higher income inequality was associated with lower obesity rates, a higher percentage of poverty was associated with higher obesity rates. A higher percentage of Hispanic population was associated with lower obesity rates. When tested spatially, higher income inequality was associated with a greater decrease in obesity in southern and eastern NYS counties than in the northern and western counties, with some differences by sex present in this association. Conclusion Increased income inequality and lower poverty percentage were significantly linked to lower obesity rates across NYS counties for men. Income inequality influence differed by geographic location. These findings indicate that in areas with high income inequality, currently unknown aspects of the environment may benefit low-income residents. Future studies should also include environmental factors possibly linked to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kim
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.,56 Ridgewood Dr, Randolph, NJ 07869.
| | - Fusheng Wang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Chrisa Arcan
- Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
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26
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Fitness versus adiposity in cardiovascular disease risk. Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 73:225-230. [PMID: 30297762 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0333-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and low cardiorespiratory fitness are both established predictors of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. Whether the protective effects of fitness outweigh the deleterious effects of obesity, however, remains a topic of debate. To extend knowledge of the relative influence of fitness and fatness on cardiovascular disease outcomes, however, attention must be paid to measurement quality. Eliminating inherent bias of self-report and including the highest quality assessments of cardiorespiratory fitness and fatness simultaneously are imperative for head-to-head comparisons. Studies must move beyond body mass index and total body fat percentage to differentiate the heterogenous effects of various adipose tissue depots on cardiovascular risk. Imaging techniques that measure visceral adiposity and other risk-laden ectopic adipose depots while also quantifying cardioprotective adipose depots such as lower body subcutaneous fat and even non-adipose tissues such as skeletal muscle may further illuminate the influence of body composition on cardiovascular health. This review underscores key studies within a large body of literature that provide the foundation for the fit-vs.-fat debate in the context of cardiovascular disease risk, and identifies important considerations for future research.
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Addictive Eating and Its Relation to Physical Activity and Sleep Behavior. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101428. [PMID: 30287736 PMCID: PMC6212870 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The obesity epidemic has led to the exploration of factors contributing to its etiology. Addictive eating, physical activity, and sleep behaviors have all been independently associated with obesity, and recent research suggests plausible interrelationships between food addiction, physical activity, and sleep. This study aims to investigate the relationship between food addiction with physical activity and sleep behavior. Australian adults were invited to complete an online survey which collected information including: demographics, food addiction symptoms, physical activity, sitting time and sleep behavior items. The sample comprised 1344 individuals with a mean age of 39.8 ± 13.1 years (range 18–91), of which 75.7% were female. Twenty-two percent of the sample met the criteria for a diagnosis of food addiction as per the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS 2.0) criteria, consisting of 0.7% with a “mild” addiction, 2.6% “moderate”, and 18.9% classified as having a “severe” food addiction. Food-addicted individuals had significantly less physical activity (1.8 less occasions walking/week, 32 min less walking/week, 58 min less moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA)/week; p < 0.05), reported sitting for longer on weekends (83 min more on weekends/week; p < 0.001), and reported significantly more symptoms of poorer-quality sleep (more likely to snore, more likely to have fallen asleep while driving, reported more days of daytime falling asleep; p < 0.05) compared to non-food-addicted individuals. These differences were also observed in those with a “severe” food addiction classification. The present study suggests frequency and duration of physical activity, time spent sitting and sleep duration are associated with food addiction.
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RAVELLI MN, SARTORI MMP, CORRENTE JE, RASERA JUNIOR I, SOUZA NPPD, OLIVEIRA MRMD. The under-reporting of energy intake influences the dietary pattern reported by obese women in the waiting list for bariatric surgery. REV NUTR 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-98652018000200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective To verify the interference of the energy intake under-reporting in the determination of the dietary patterns and nutrient intakes reported by obese women in the waiting list for bariatric surgery. Methods The study included 412 women aged 20 to 45 years with a body mass index ranging from 35 to 60kg/m2 who were on waiting list for bariatric surgery. Data from three reported food intake and physical activity, body weight, and height were used for estimating the reported energy intake, physical activity level, and resting energy expenditure. Subsequently, it was checked the biological plausibility of the reported energy intakes, classifying all participants as plausible reporters or under-reporters. Exploratory factor analysis was used to determine the participants’ dietary patterns. The Mann-Whitney test assessed the reported energy and nutrient intakes between plausible reporters and under-reporters groups. The Z-test assessed the variables of plausible reporters or under-reporters in relation to all participants of the study. Results Six dietary patterns were determined for all participants of study. After excluding information from under-reporting women, only two dietary patterns remained similar to those of all participants, while three other dietary patterns presented different conformations from food subgroups to plausible reporters. The reported energy intake did not present difference for the subgroups of fruits, leaf vegetables and vegetables. However, the energetic value reported for the other food subgroups was higher for the plausible reporters. Conclusion The under-reporting of energy intake influenced the determination of dietary patterns of obese women waiting for bariatric surgery.
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Koolhaas CM, van Rooij FJ, Cepeda M, Tiemeier H, Franco OH, Schoufour JD. Physical activity derived from questionnaires and wrist-worn accelerometers: comparability and the role of demographic, lifestyle, and health factors among a population-based sample of older adults. Clin Epidemiol 2017; 10:1-16. [PMID: 29296097 PMCID: PMC5739112 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s147613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Agreement between questionnaires and accelerometers to measure physical activity (PA) differs between studies and might be related to demographic, lifestyle, and health characteristics, including disability and depressive symptoms. Methods We included 1,410 individuals aged 51–94 years from the population-based Rotterdam Study. Participants completed the LASA Physical Activity Questionnaire and wore a wrist-worn accelerometer on the nondominant wrist for 1 week thereafter. We compared the Spearman correlation and disagreement (level and direction) for total PA across levels of demographic, lifestyle, and health variables. The level of disagreement was defined as the absolute difference between questionnaire- and accelerometer-derived PA, whereas the direction of disagreement was defined as questionnaire PA minus accelerometer PA. We used linear regression analyses with the level and direction of disagreement as outcome, including all demographic, lifestyle, and health variables in the model. Results We observed a Spearman correlation of 0.30 between questionnaire- and accelerometer-derived PA in the total population. The level of disagreement (ie, absolute difference) was 941.9 (standard deviation [SD] 747.0) minutes/week, and the PA reported by questionnaire was on average 529.4 (SD 1,079.5) minutes/week lower than PA obtained by the accelerometer. The level of disagreement decreased with higher educational levels. Additionally, participants with obesity, higher disability scores, and more depressive symptoms underestimated their self-reported PA more than their healthier counterparts. Conclusion We observed large differences in PA time derived from the LASA Physical Activity Questionnaire and the wrist-worn accelerometer. Differences between the methods were related to body-mass index, level of disability, and presence of depressive symptoms. Future studies using questionnaires and/or accelerometers should account for these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal M Koolhaas
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Ja van Rooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Magda Cepeda
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Josje D Schoufour
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Ratjen I, Schafmayer C, di Giuseppe R, Waniek S, Plachta-Danielzik S, Koch M, Burmeister G, Nöthlings U, Hampe J, Schlesinger S, Lieb W. Postdiagnostic physical activity, sleep duration, and TV watching and all-cause mortality among long-term colorectal cancer survivors: a prospective cohort study. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:701. [PMID: 29070017 PMCID: PMC5657114 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3697-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle recommendations for cancer survivors are warranted to improve survival. In this study, we aimed to examine the association of total physical activity, different types of physical activity, hours of sleeping at day and night, and hours spent watching television (TV) with all-cause mortality in long-term colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. METHODS We assessed physical activity in 1376 CRC survivors (44% women; median age, 69 years) at median 6 years after CRC diagnosis using a validated questionnaire. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality according to categories of physical activities, sleep duration, and TV watching. RESULTS During a median follow-up time of 7 years, 200 participants had died. Higher total physical activity was significantly associated with lower all-cause mortality (HR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.36-0.80, 4th vs. 1st quartile). Specifically, sports, walking, and gardening showed a significant inverse association with all-cause mortality (HR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.20-0.59, HR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.43-1.00, and HR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.42-0.91, respectively for highest versus lowest category). Individuals with ≥2 h of sleep during the day had a significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality compared to individuals with no sleep at day (HR: 2.22; 95% CI: 1.43-3.44). TV viewing of ≥4 h per day displayed a significant 45% (95% CI: 1.02-2.06) higher risk of dying compared to ≤2 h per day of watching TV. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity was inversely related to all-cause mortality; specific activity types might be primarily responsible for this association. More hours of sleep during the day and a higher amount of TV viewing were each associated with higher all-cause mortality. Based on available evidence, it is reasonable to recommend CRC survivors to engage in regular physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilka Ratjen
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Niemannsweg 11 (Haus 1), 24105, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Clemens Schafmayer
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Romina di Giuseppe
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Niemannsweg 11 (Haus 1), 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sabina Waniek
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Niemannsweg 11 (Haus 1), 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sandra Plachta-Danielzik
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Niemannsweg 11 (Haus 1), 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Manja Koch
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Niemannsweg 11 (Haus 1), 24105, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Greta Burmeister
- Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jochen Hampe
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sabrina Schlesinger
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center at Heinrich Heine University, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Niemannsweg 11 (Haus 1), 24105, Kiel, Germany
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Berntzen B, Jukarainen S, Kataja M, Hakkarainen A, Lundbom J, Lundbom N, Tammelin T, Simonen R, Piirilä P, Rissanen A, Kaprio J, Paavonen EJ, Pietiläinen KH. Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and metabolic outcomes in monozygotic twin pairs discordant for body mass index. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2017; 28:1048-1055. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Berntzen
- Obesity Research Unit; Research Programs Unit; Diabetes and Obesity, Biomedicum Helsinki; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - S. Jukarainen
- Obesity Research Unit; Research Programs Unit; Diabetes and Obesity, Biomedicum Helsinki; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - M. Kataja
- Obesity Research Unit; Research Programs Unit; Diabetes and Obesity, Biomedicum Helsinki; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - A. Hakkarainen
- Helsinki Medical Imaging Center; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - J. Lundbom
- Helsinki Medical Imaging Center; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
- German Diabetes Center; Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research; Institute for Clinical Diabetology; Heinrich Heine University; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - N. Lundbom
- Helsinki Medical Imaging Center; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - T. Tammelin
- LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health Sciences; Jyväskylä Finland
| | - R. Simonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health; Helsinki Finland
| | - P. Piirilä
- Unit of Clinical Physiology; Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - A. Rissanen
- Obesity Research Unit; Research Programs Unit; Diabetes and Obesity, Biomedicum Helsinki; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - J. Kaprio
- Department of Public Health; Finnish Twin Cohort Study; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
- FIMM; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - E. J. Paavonen
- Child Psychiatry; Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
- Department of Health; National Institute for Health and Welfare; Helsinki Finland
| | - K. H. Pietiläinen
- Obesity Research Unit; Research Programs Unit; Diabetes and Obesity, Biomedicum Helsinki; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
- Endocrinology; Abdominal Center; Obesity Center; Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
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Neil-Sztramko SE, Boyle T, Milosevic E, Nugent SF, Gotay CC, Campbell KL. Does obesity modify the relationship between physical activity and breast cancer risk? Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 166:367-381. [PMID: 28803384 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4449-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE With only 5-10% of breast cancer cases attributed to genetic inheritance, prevention efforts have focused on modifiable risk factors. Physical activity plays a role in reducing breast cancer risk; however, the interaction between physical activity and other modifiable risk factors, such as obesity, has received little attention. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted of studies examining the relationship between physical activity and breast cancer and how it may be modified by body mass index (BMI). RESULTS A total of 29 papers were included: 18 were cohort and 11 were case-control studies. Overall, a significant reduction in the relative risk of breast cancer was found in postmenopausal women with high versus low levels of physical activity for women with a BMI <25 kg/m2 (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.79, 0.92) and ≥25 kg/m2 (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.81, 0.93) but not ≥30 kg/m2 (RR: 0.93, 95% CI 0.76, 1.13). Physical activity was not associated with a significant reduction in risk of breast cancer in premenopausal women in any BMI group. CONCLUSION The results of this meta-analysis suggest that physical activity is associated with a larger breast cancer risk reduction among women who are normal weight or overweight than among women who are obese. Since the included studies used diverse methods for assessment of physical activity and categories of BMI, results should be interpreted with caution and additional work is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Neil-Sztramko
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - T Boyle
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - E Milosevic
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S F Nugent
- MD Undergraduate Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - C C Gotay
- Centre of Excellence in Cancer Prevention, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - K L Campbell
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, 212, Friedman Building, 2177 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Kouwenhoven-Pasmooij TA, Robroek SJ, Ling SW, van Rosmalen J, van Rossum EF, Burdorf A, Hunink MGM. A Blended Web-Based Gaming Intervention on Changes in Physical Activity for Overweight and Obese Employees: Influence and Usage in an Experimental Pilot Study. JMIR Serious Games 2017; 5:e6. [PMID: 28373157 PMCID: PMC5394263 DOI: 10.2196/games.6421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Addressing the obesity epidemic requires the development of effective interventions aimed at increasing physical activity (PA). eHealth interventions with the use of accelerometers and gaming elements, such as rewarding or social bonding, seem promising. These eHealth elements, blended with face-to-face contacts, have the potential to help people adopt and maintain a physically active lifestyle. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the influence and usage of a blended Web-based gaming intervention on PA, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference among overweight and obese employees. Methods In an uncontrolled before-after study, we observed 52 health care employees with BMI more than 25 kg/m2, who were recruited via the company’s intranet and who voluntarily participated in a 23-week Web-based gaming intervention, supplemented (blended) with non-eHealth components. These non-eHealth components were an individual session with an occupational health physician involving motivational interviewing and 5 multidisciplinary group sessions. The game was played by teams in 5 time periods, aiming to gain points by being physically active, as measured by an accelerometer. Data were collected in 2014 and 2015. Primary outcome was PA, defined as length of time at MET (metabolic equivalent task) ≥3, as measured by the accelerometer during the game. Secondary outcomes were reductions in BMI and waist circumference, measured at baseline and 10 and 23 weeks after the start of the program. Gaming elements such as “compliance” with the game (ie, days of accelerometer wear), “engagement” with the game (ie, frequency of reaching a personal monthly target), and “eHealth teams” (ie, social influence of eHealth teams) were measured as potential determinants of the outcomes. Linear mixed models were used to evaluate the effects on all outcome measures. Results The mean age of participants was 48.1 years; most participants were female (42/51, 82%). The mean PA was 86 minutes per day, ranging from 6.5 to 223 minutes, which was on average 26.2 minutes per day more than self-reported PA at baseline and remained fairly constant during the game. Mean BMI was reduced by 1.87 kg/m2 (5.6%) and waist circumference by 5.6 cm (4.8%). The univariable model showed that compliance, engagement, and eHealth team were significantly associated with more PA, which remained significant for eHealth team in the multivariable model. Conclusions This blended Web-based gaming intervention was beneficial for overweight workers in becoming physically active above the recommended activity levels during the entire intervention period, and a favorable influence on BMI and waist circumference was observed. Promising components in the intervention, and thus targets for upscaling, are eHealth teams and engagement with the game. Broader implementation and long-term follow-up can provide insights into the sustainable effects on PA and weight loss and into who benefits the most from this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa A Kouwenhoven-Pasmooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Occupational Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Suzan Jw Robroek
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sui Wai Ling
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joost van Rosmalen
- Department of Biostatistics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Fc van Rossum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Obesity Center CGG, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alex Burdorf
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - M G Myriam Hunink
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Center for Health Decision Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
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Doma K, Speyer R, Leicht AS, Cordier R. Comparison of psychometric properties between usual-week and past-week self-reported physical activity questionnaires: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14:10. [PMID: 28137268 PMCID: PMC5282723 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0470-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to critically appraise the methodological quality of studies and determine the psychometric qualities of Past-week and Usual-week Physical Activity Questionnaires (PAQs). Data sources were obtained from Pubmed and Embase. The eligibility criteria for selecting studies included: 1) at least one psychometric property of PAQs was examined in adults; 2) the PAQs either had a recall period of usual 7-days (Usual-week PAQs) within the past 12 months or during the past 7-days (Past-week PAQs); and 3) PAQs were self-administered. Study quality was evaluated using the COSMIN taxonomy and the overall psychometric qualities evaluated using pre-established psychometric criteria. Overall, 45 studies were reviewed to assess the psychometric properties of 21 PAQs with the methodological quality of most studies showing good to excellent ratings. When the relationship between PAQs and other instruments (i.e., convergent validity) were compared between recall methods, Past-week PAQs appeared to have stronger correlations than Usual-week PAQs. For the overall psychometric quality, the Incidental and Planned Exercise Questionnaire for the Usual-week (IPEQ-WA) and for the Past-week (IPEQ-W) had the greatest number of positive ratings. For all included PAQs, very few psychometric properties were assessed with poor ratings for the majority of the overall qualities of psychometric properties indicating the limitation of current PAQs. More research that covers a greater spectrum of psychometric properties is required to gain a better understanding of the qualities of current PAQs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Doma
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
| | - Renée Speyer
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony S Leicht
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Reinie Cordier
- School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Elhakeem A, Hardy R, Bann D, Caleyachetty R, Cosco TD, Hayhoe RP, Muthuri SG, Wilson R, Cooper R. Intergenerational social mobility and leisure-time physical activity in adulthood: a systematic review. J Epidemiol Community Health 2016; 71:673-680. [PMID: 27979970 PMCID: PMC5485757 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2016-208052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Aim To systematically review the association between intergenerational social mobility and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) in adulthood, in order to assess all published evidence relating to the hypothesis that adults socially mobile between childhood and adulthood will have different levels of LTPA than those in the same socioeconomic group across life. Methods A systematic review was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies were identified by searching databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO) and reference lists. Eligible studies examined associations between any indicator of social mobility, based on at least one measure of parental socioeconomic position (SEP) and one measure of own adult SEP, and LTPA in adulthood. Results 13 studies comprising a total of 44 000 participants from the UK, Finland, Sweden, Australia, USA and Brazil were included. Participants were aged 16–70 years and were from population-based surveys, occupational cohorts and primary care registries. Most studies (n=9) used occupational class measures to identify social mobility; education (n=4) and income (n=1) were also used. There was consistent evidence in nine of the 13 studies that stable high socioeconomic groups tended to report the highest levels of participation in LTPA and stable low socioeconomic groups the lowest. Upward and downwardly mobile groups participated in LTPA at levels between these stable groups. Conclusions Cumulative exposure to higher SEP in childhood and adulthood was associated with higher LTPA in adulthood. Thus, a potential outcome of policies and interventions which aim to minimise exposure to socioeconomic adversity may be increased LTPA among adults. Trial registration number CRD42016036538.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elhakeem
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Hardy
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, UK
| | - David Bann
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Institute of Education, London, UK
| | | | | | - Richard Pg Hayhoe
- Department of Population Health and Primary Care, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | | | - Rebecca Wilson
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, UK
| | - Rachel Cooper
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, UK
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Afshar S, Seymour K, Kelly SB, Woodcock S, van Hees VT, Mathers JC. Changes in physical activity after bariatric surgery: using objective and self-reported measures. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2016; 13:474-483. [PMID: 27771316 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies using self-reported physical activity (PA) assessment tools have suggested there is an increase in PA after bariatric surgery. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to assess PA and sedentary behavior before bariatric surgery and at 6 months after, using subjective and objective tools. SETTING Bariatric surgery candidates were recruited from a single center. METHODS Demographic data, medical history, current medications, and anthropometric measurements were recorded. Participants were asked to complete a PA and lifestyle questionnaire and to wear an accelerometer on their nondominant wrist. Data were collected before and at 6 months after surgery. RESULTS Twenty-two participants were included (17 gastric bypass; 4 sleeve gastrectomy; 1 intragastric balloon). Mean age was 46 years and the majority were female (72%). At a median of 6.3 months follow-up, there were significant reductions in measures of body fatness with a mean reduction of 27 kg in weight. The majority of daytime (12.5±1.1 out of 16 h) was spent in sedentary behavior presurgery with little change postsurgery (12.2±1.2; P = .186). Objectively measured mean moderate-vigorous PA did not change significantly from pre- to postsurgery (mean 11.5±13.9 and 11.6±13.1 min/d, respectively; P = .971). Self-reported total nonoccupational PA did not change significantly (P = .390). CONCLUSIONS The majority of bariatric surgery candidates were physically inactive presurgery, and there was no significant change in either subjectively or objectively measured PA at follow-up. This patient group may benefit from objective PA assessment and interventions aimed at increasing PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorena Afshar
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle on Tyne, UK; Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside General Hospital, North Shields, UK.
| | - Keith Seymour
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside General Hospital, North Shields, UK
| | - Seamus B Kelly
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside General Hospital, North Shields, UK
| | - Sean Woodcock
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside General Hospital, North Shields, UK
| | | | - John C Mathers
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle on Tyne, UK
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Abstract
Obesity is a top public health priority but interventions to reverse the condition have had limited success. About one-in-three obese adults are free of metabolic risk factor clustering and are considered 'healthy', and much attention has focused on the implications of this state for obesity management. Areas covered: We searched for individual studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses which examined correlates and outcomes of metabolically healthy obesity. We discuss the key roles of fat distribution and physical activity in determining healthy vs. unhealthy obesity and report a greatly increased risk of incident type 2 diabetes associated with healthy obesity vs. healthy normal weight, among other outcomes. We argue that despite inconsistencies in the definition, patterns across studies clearly show that healthy obesity is a state of intermediate disease risk. Expert commentary: Given the current state of population-level evidence, we conclude that obesity and metabolic dysfunction are inseparable and that healthy obesity is best viewed only as a state of relative health but not of absolute health. We recommend that weight loss through energy restriction be a stand-alone target in addition to increased physical activity for minimising risk of future disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Bell
- a Department of Epidemiology & Public Health , University College London , London , UK
- b School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK
| | - M Hamer
- b School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK
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Skender S, Ose J, Chang-Claude J, Paskow M, Brühmann B, Siegel EM, Steindorf K, Ulrich CM. Accelerometry and physical activity questionnaires - a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:515. [PMID: 27306667 PMCID: PMC4910242 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3172-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study is to review accelerometer wear methods and correlations between accelerometry and physical activity questionnaire data, depending on participant characteristics. Methods We included 57 articles about physical activity measurement by accelerometry and questionnaires. Criteria were to have at least 100 participants of at least 18 years of age with manuscripts available in English. Accelerometer wear methods were compared. Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients between questionnaires and accelerometers and differences between genders, age categories, and body mass index (BMI) categories were assessed. Results In most investigations, requested wear time was seven days during waking hours and devices were mostly attached on hips with waist belts. A minimum of four valid days with wear time of at least ten hours per day was required in most studies. Correlations (r = Pearson, ρ = Spearman) of total questionnaire scores against accelerometer measures across individual studies ranged from r = 0.08 to ρ = 0.58 (P < 0.001) for men and from r = −0.02 to r = 0.49 (P < 0.01) for women. Correlations for total physical activity among participants with ages ≤65 ranged from r = 0.04 to ρ = 0.47 (P < 0.001) and from r = 0.16 (P = 0.02) to r = 0.53 (P < 0.01) among the elderly (≥65 years). Few studies investigated stratification by BMI, with varying cut points and inconsistent results. Conclusion Accelerometers appear to provide slightly more consistent results in relation to self-reported physical activity among men. Nevertheless, due to overall limited consistency, different aspects measured by each method, and differences in the dimensions studied, it is advised that studies use both questionnaires and accelerometers to gain the most complete physical activity information. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3172-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Skender
- Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Ose
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Williams Building, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Paskow
- Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Boris Brühmann
- Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Erin M Siegel
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Karen Steindorf
- Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Williams Building, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA. .,Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Circle of Hope Dr. 2000, Room 4165, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
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Dollman J, Pontt JL, Rowlands AV. Validity of self-reported sedentary time differs between Australian rural men engaged in office and farming occupations. J Sports Sci 2015; 34:1154-8. [PMID: 26430922 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2015.1094185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Rural Australians have a higher likelihood of chronic disease than urban Australians, particularly male farmers. Chronic disease has been associated with occupational sedentary time. The aim was to validate the self-report of sedentary time in men in contrasting rural occupations. Farmers (n = 29) and office workers (n = 28), age 30-65 years, were recruited from the Riverland region of South Australia. Daily sedentary time and number of breaks in sedentary time were self-reported and measured objectively using body-worn inclinometers. Correlational analyses were conducted between self-reported and objectively measured variables, separately by occupation. There was a significant correlation between self-reported and objectively measured sedentary time in the whole sample (r = 0.44, P = 0.001). The correlation among office workers was significant (r = 0.57, P = 0.003) but not among farmers (r = 0.08, P = 0.68). There were no significant correlations between self-reported and measured number of breaks in sedentary time, for the whole sample (rho = -0.03, P = 0.83), office workers (rho = 0.17, P = 0.39) and farmers (rho = -0.22, P = 0.25). In conclusion, the validity of self-report of sedentary behaviours by farmers was poor. Further research is needed to develop better performing self-report instruments or more accessible objective measures of sedentary behaviour in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Dollman
- a Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Sansom Institute for Health Research, Division of Health Sciences , University of South Australia , Adelaide , Australia
| | - Johanna L Pontt
- a Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Sansom Institute for Health Research, Division of Health Sciences , University of South Australia , Adelaide , Australia
| | - Alex V Rowlands
- a Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Sansom Institute for Health Research, Division of Health Sciences , University of South Australia , Adelaide , Australia.,b NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet , Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit , Leicester , UK.,c Diabetes Research Centre , University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital , Leicester , UK
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40
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Bachmann JM, DeFina LF, Franzini L, Gao A, Leonard DS, Cooper KH, Berry JD, Willis BL. Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Middle Age and Health Care Costs in Later Life. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015; 66:1876-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Palta P, McMurray R, Gouskova N, Sotres-Alvarez D, Davis S, Carnethon M, Castañeda S, Gellman M, Hankinson A, Isasi C, Schneiderman N, Talavera G, Evenson K. Self-reported and accelerometer-measured physical activity by body mass index in US Hispanic/Latino adults: HCHS/SOL. Prev Med Rep 2015; 2:824-8. [PMID: 26835248 PMCID: PMC4721348 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between obesity and physical activity has not been widely examined in an ethnically diverse sample of Hispanic/Latino adults in the US. A cross-sectional analysis of 16,094 Hispanic/Latino adults 18-74 years was conducted from the multi-site Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Body mass index (BMI) was measured and categorized into normal, overweight, and obese; underweight participants were excluded from analyses. Physical activity was measured using the 16-item Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and by an Actical accelerometer. Minutes/day of physical activity and prevalence of engaging in ≥ 150 moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) minutes/week were estimated by BMI group and sex adjusting for covariates. No adjusted differences were observed in self-reported moderate (MPA), vigorous (VPA), or MVPA across BMI groups. Accelerometry-measured MPA, VPA, and MVPA were significantly higher for the normal weight (females: 18.9, 3.8, 22.6 min/day; males: 28.2, 6.1, 34.3 min/day, respectively) compared to the obese group (females: 15.3, 1.5, 16.8 min/day; males: 23.5, 3.6, 27.1 min/day, respectively). The prevalence of engaging in ≥ 150 MVPA minutes/week using accelerometers was lower compared to the self-reported measures. Efforts are needed to reach the Hispanic/Latino population to increase opportunities for an active lifestyle that could reduce obesity in this population at high risk for metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Palta
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States
| | - R.G. McMurray
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States
| | - N.A. Gouskova
- Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - D. Sotres-Alvarez
- Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - S.M. Davis
- Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - M. Carnethon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - S.F. Castañeda
- Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - M.D. Gellman
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - A.L. Hankinson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - C.R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - N. Schneiderman
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - G.A. Talavera
- Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - K.R. Evenson
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States
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Hamarneh SR, Murphy CA, Shih CW, Frontera W, Torriani M, Irazoqui JE, Makimura H. Relationship between serum IGF-1 and skeletal muscle IGF-1 mRNA expression to phosphocreatine recovery after exercise in obese men with reduced GH. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:617-25. [PMID: 25375982 PMCID: PMC4318910 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-2711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT GH and IGF-1 are believed to be physiological regulators of skeletal muscle mitochondria. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between GH/IGF-1 and skeletal muscle mitochondria in obese subjects with reduced GH secretion in more detail. DESIGN Fifteen abdominally obese men with reduced GH secretion were treated for 12 weeks with recombinant human GH. Subjects underwent (31)P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy to assess phosphocreatine (PCr) recovery as an in vivo measure of skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and percutaneous muscle biopsies to assess mRNA expression of IGF-1 and mitochondrial-related genes at baseline and 12 weeks. RESULTS At baseline, skeletal muscle IGF-1 mRNA expression was significantly associated with PCr recovery (r = 0.79; P = .01) and nuclear respiratory factor-1 (r = 0.87; P = .001), mitochondrial transcription factor A (r = 0.86; P = .001), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ (r = 0.72; P = .02), and PPARα (r = 0.75; P = .01) mRNA expression, and trended to an association with PPARγ coactivator 1-α (r = 0.59; P = .07) mRNA expression. However, serum IGF-1 concentration was not associated with PCr recovery or any mitochondrial gene expression (all P > .10). Administration of recombinant human GH increased both serum IGF-1 (change, 218 ± 29 μg/L; P < .0001) and IGF-1 mRNA in muscle (fold change, 2.1 ± 0.3; P = .002). Increases in serum IGF-1 were associated with improvements in total body fat (r = -0.53; P = .04), trunk fat (r = -0.55; P = .03), and lean mass (r = 0.58; P = .02), but not with PCr recovery (P > .10). Conversely, increase in muscle IGF-1 mRNA was associated with improvements in PCr recovery (r = 0.74; P = .02), but not with body composition parameters (P > .10). CONCLUSION These data demonstrate a novel association of skeletal muscle mitochondria with muscle IGF-1 mRNA expression, but independent of serum IGF-1 concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulaiman R Hamarneh
- Department of Surgery (S.R.H.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114; Program in Nutritional Metabolism (C.A.M., C.W.S., H.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114; Harvard College (C.W.S.), Boston, Massachusetts 02138; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (W.F.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37212; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (W.F.), Harvard Medical School/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114; Department of Physiology (W.F.), University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936; and Department of Radiology (M.T.), Laboratory of Comparative Immunology, Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (J.E.I.), and Neuroendocrine Unit (H.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
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Muthuri SK, Wachira LJM, Onywera VO, Tremblay MS. Direct and self-reported measures of physical activity and sedentary behaviours by weight status in school-aged children: results from ISCOLE-Kenya. Ann Hum Biol 2014; 42:237-45. [PMID: 25026181 DOI: 10.3109/03014460.2014.932847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous work has shown little association between self-report and directly measured physical activity. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between self-reported and directly assessed measures of physical activity and sedentary time by weight status in Kenyan children. METHODS Direct assessment of body weight, physical activity and sedentary time of 563 children was collected through anthropometry and accelerometry, while self-reported assessment was achieved by administering a questionnaire. RESULTS Under/healthy weight children had significantly higher directly measured mean daily minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) compared to overweight/obese children (39 vs 20 minutes); had lower mean weekend-day minutes of sedentary time (346 vs 365 minutes); had a higher proportion who met accepted physical activity guidelines (15.3% vs 2.6%); and a higher number reported using active transportation to/from school (49.2% vs 32.4%). Self-reported time spent outside before and after school and active transport to/from school were significantly associated with mean weekday minutes of MVPA (r-value range = 0.12-0.36), but only for the under/healthy weight children. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study found a number of differences in the accumulation of MVPA and sedentary time by weight status and weak-to-moderate correlations between self-report and direct measures of weekday and weekend-day physical activity among the under/healthy weight children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella K Muthuri
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute , Ottawa, Ontario , Canada
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Orr J, McGrouther S, McCaig M. Physical fitness in pre-registration nursing students. Nurse Educ Pract 2014; 14:99-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Goodman D, Park HL, Stefanick M, LeBlanc E, Bea J, Qi L, Kapphahn K, Lamonte M, Manini T, Desai M, Anton-Culver H. Relation between self-recalled childhood physical activity and adult physical activity: The women's health initiative. OPEN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY 2013; 3:224-231. [PMID: 26877895 PMCID: PMC4749265 DOI: 10.4236/ojepi.2013.34033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that childhood physical activity may play a role in the etiology and prevention of adult chronic diseases. Because researchers must often depend on self-recalled physical activity data many years after the exposure, it is important to understand factors which may influence adult recall of childhood physical activity. This study evaluated the influence of adult characteristics on reported childhood physical activity and the association between adult physical activity and self-recalled childhood physical activity. METHODS 48,066 post-menopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study reported their physical activity level during ages 5 - 9, 10 - 14, and 15 - 19. RESULTS In this cohort, over 65% of the population reported the same category of physical activity over the three childhood age groups. While higher levels of childhood physical activity were significantly associated with higher adult physical activity, this association varied by race/ethnicity, education, smoking, body mass index, history of diabetes or cardiovascular disease, social support and physical functional status. Women who were consistently highly active reported adult physical activity levels that were 2.82 MET-hr/week (95% C.I. = 2.43, 3.20) higher compared to women who were always physically inactive during childhood. CONCLUSIONS It is important for researchers to understand the influence of adult characteristics on reported childhood physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Goodman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Hannah L. Park
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Marcia Stefanick
- S Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Erin LeBlanc
- Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, USA
| | - Jennifer Bea
- Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tuscon, Arizona, USA
| | - Lihong Qi
- Department of Public Health, University of California Davis, Sacramento, USA
| | | | - Michael Lamonte
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA
| | - Tood Manini
- Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Manisha Desai
- S Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, USA
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Wen M, Kowaleski-Jones L, Fan JX. Ethnic-immigrant disparities in total and abdominal obesity in the US. Am J Health Behav 2013; 37:807-18. [PMID: 24001630 DOI: 10.5993/ajhb.37.6.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine sex-specific disparities in total and abdominal obesity prevalence across 6 ethnic-immigrant groups and explore whether the observed differences were attributable to diet and physical activity (PA). METHODS Data were from 4331 respondents age 18-64 from the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Sex-specific multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Regardless of race-ethnicity, immigrants exhibited lower prevalence of total and abdominal obesity than natives. Among the US-born, Whites had the lowest total obesity prevalence followed by Hispanics and then Blacks; but racial-ethnic disparities for immigrants were different. In abdominal obesity, US-born white men had the highest prevalence. PA helped explain some ethnic-immigrant disparities. CONCLUSIONS Complex interactions of sex by race-ethnicity and nativity exist for obesity prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wen
- Department of Sociology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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Gunnare NA, Silliman K, Morris MN. Accuracy of self-reported weight and role of gender, body mass index, weight satisfaction, weighing behavior, and physical activity among rural college students. Body Image 2013; 10:406-10. [PMID: 23419637 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2013.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study measured accuracy of self-reported body mass index (BMI), particularly weight, in a college population. The main purpose was to examine the role of gender, BMI, body weight satisfaction, weighing frequency and physical activity level in accuracy (weight difference, percent weight difference, and absolute weight difference). Students (N=405; 56% female) completed a questionnaire and 325 agreed to have their height and/or weight measured. Gender, BMI and activity level were significantly associated with weight difference and percent weight difference while BMI, activity level and weighing frequency were associated with absolute weight difference. However, interactions between BMI and physical activity were found. Our findings indicate that women and heavier individuals underestimate weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Gunnare
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, California State University, Chico, CA 95929-0002, USA.
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Graves KD, Leventhal KG, Nusbaum R, Salehizadeh Y, Hooker GW, Peshkin BN, Butrick M, Tuong W, Mathew J, Goerlitz D, Fishman MB, Shields PG, Schwartz MD. Behavioral and psychosocial responses to genomic testing for colorectal cancer risk. Genomics 2013; 102:123-30. [PMID: 23583311 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a translational genomic pilot study to evaluate the impact of genomic information related to colorectal cancer (CRC) risk on psychosocial, behavioral and communication outcomes. In 47 primary care participants, 96% opted for testing of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to CRC risk. Participants averaged 2.5 of 6 possible SNP risk alleles (10% lifetime risk). At 3-months, participants did not report significant increases in cancer worry/distress; over half reported physical activity and dietary changes. SNP risk scores were unrelated to behavior change at 3-months. Many participants (64%) shared their SNP results, including 28% who shared results with a physician. In this pilot, genomic risk education, including discussion of other risk factors, appeared to impact patients' health behaviors, regardless of the level of SNP risk. Future work can compare risk education with and without SNP results to evaluate if SNP information adds value to existing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristi D Graves
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and the Fisher Center for Familial Cancer Research, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3300 Whitehaven Street, NW, Suite 4100, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
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