1
|
Ayaz A, Zaman W, Radák Z, Gu Y. Green strength: The role of micronutrients in plant-based diets for athletic performance enhancement. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32803. [PMID: 38975163 PMCID: PMC11225853 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This review examines the correlation between plant-based diets and athletic performance, with a specific emphasis on the vital aspect of optimizing micronutrients for athletes. In light of the increasing prevalence of plant-based nutrition among athletes due to its perceived advantages in terms of health, ethics, and the environment, this study investigates the ability of these diets to satisfy the demanding nutritional requirements essential for achieving optimal performance and facilitating recovery. The article emphasizes the significance of essential micronutrients such as iron, vitamin B12, calcium, vitamin D, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids and also addressing the challenges with their absorption and bioavailability from plant sources. The review consolidates existing scientific knowledge to propose strategies for improving micronutrient consumption, comparing the effects of supplements against whole foods, and highlighting the significance of enhancing bioavailability. The proposal supports the implementation of personalized meal planning, with the assistance of sports nutritionists or dietitians, and is substantiated by case studies showcasing the success of plant-based athletes. Future research directions examine the long-term effects of plant-based diets on micronutrient status and athletic performance, as well as developing nutritional trends and technology. The review concludes that plant-based diets can meet athletes' nutritional demands and improve peak performance while aligning with personal and ethical values with strategic planning and professional guidance. This study intends to help athletes, coaches, and nutritionists understand plant-based nutrition for enhanced athletic performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ayaz
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Wajid Zaman
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Zsolt Radák
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, 1123, Budapest, Hungary
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tungsanga S, Bello AK. Prevention of Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Complications in Older Adults. Drugs Aging 2024:10.1007/s40266-024-01128-7. [PMID: 38926293 DOI: 10.1007/s40266-024-01128-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
In an era marked by a global demographic shift towards an aging society, there is a heightened prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among older adults. The burden of CKD spans from kidney-related complications to impacting psychological well-being, giving rise to depressive symptoms and caregiver burnout. This article delves into CKD prevention strategies within the context of aging, contributing to the discourse by exploring its multifaceted aspects. The prevention of CKD in the older adults necessitates a comprehensive approach. Primary prevention is centered on the modification of risk factors, acknowledging the intricate interplay of various comorbidities. Secondary prevention focuses on early CKD identification. Tertiary prevention aims to address factors contributing to CKD progression and complications, emphasizing the importance of timely interventions. This comprehensive strategy aims to enhance the quality of life for individuals affected by CKD, decelerating the deterioration of functional status. By addressing CKD at multiple levels, this approach seeks to effectively and compassionately care for the aging population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somkanya Tungsanga
- Division of Nephrology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Division of General Internal Medicine-Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aminu K Bello
- Division of Nephrology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Milanković V, Tasić T, Leskovac A, Petrović S, Mitić M, Lazarević-Pašti T, Novković M, Potkonjak N. Metals on the Menu-Analyzing the Presence, Importance, and Consequences. Foods 2024; 13:1890. [PMID: 38928831 PMCID: PMC11203375 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metals are integral components of the natural environment, and their presence in the food supply is inevitable and complex. While essential metals such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, and copper are crucial for various physiological functions and must be consumed through the diet, others, like lead, mercury, and cadmium, are toxic even at low concentrations and pose serious health risks. This study comprehensively analyzes the presence, importance, and consequences of metals in the food chain. We explore the pathways through which metals enter the food supply, their distribution across different food types, and the associated health implications. By examining current regulatory standards for maximum allowable levels of various metals, we highlight the importance of ensuring food safety and protecting public health. Furthermore, this research underscores the need for continuous monitoring and management of metal content in food, especially as global agricultural and food production practices evolve. Our findings aim to inform dietary recommendations, food fortification strategies, and regulatory policies, ultimately contributing to safer and more nutritionally balanced diets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vedran Milanković
- VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (V.M.); (T.T.); (A.L.); (S.P.); (M.M.); (T.L.-P.)
| | - Tamara Tasić
- VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (V.M.); (T.T.); (A.L.); (S.P.); (M.M.); (T.L.-P.)
| | - Andreja Leskovac
- VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (V.M.); (T.T.); (A.L.); (S.P.); (M.M.); (T.L.-P.)
| | - Sandra Petrović
- VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (V.M.); (T.T.); (A.L.); (S.P.); (M.M.); (T.L.-P.)
| | - Miloš Mitić
- VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (V.M.); (T.T.); (A.L.); (S.P.); (M.M.); (T.L.-P.)
| | - Tamara Lazarević-Pašti
- VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (V.M.); (T.T.); (A.L.); (S.P.); (M.M.); (T.L.-P.)
| | - Mirjana Novković
- Group for Muscle Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Nebojša Potkonjak
- VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (V.M.); (T.T.); (A.L.); (S.P.); (M.M.); (T.L.-P.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dowley A, Long-Smith CM, Demehin O, Nolan Y, O'Connell S, O'Gorman DM. The bioaccessibility and tolerability of marine-derived sources of magnesium and calcium. Methods 2024; 226:28-34. [PMID: 38608850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
It is generally accepted that mineral deficiencies, including magnesium and calcium, are widespread globally. Dietary supplementation may be an effective approach to combat such deficiencies. However, challenges associated with limited mineral solubility in the digestive system can impede effective dissolution and hinder absorption, leading to deficiency, and undesirable gastrointestinal disturbances including diarrhoea. Seawater is considered to be a rich source of bioactive magnesium, calcium, and 72 other trace minerals. In this study, we examine two different marine-derived multimineral products as potential dietary supplements. Aquamin-Mg, sourced from seawater is rich in magnesium (12%), and Aquamin F, a seaweed-derived multimineral is rich in calcium (32%). Both products also contain a diverse array of over 72 minerals, characteristic of their oceanic origin. Our study comprises two experiments. The first experiment evaluates and compares the solubility of Aquamin-Mg, commercially available magnesium bisglycinate, and Pure Magnesium Bisglycinate (PrizMAG) during in vitro digestion using the INFOGEST method. Results demonstrate that Aquamin-Mg exhibits superior solubility than the other magnesium sources during the gastric and intestinal phases, particularly when administered alongside food materials. The second experiment is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in a small cohort of healthy older aged adults to assess the tolerability of a combined Aquamin-Mg/Aquamin-F supplement over a 12-week period. The findings indicate that this combination supplement is well-tolerated, with no significant adverse events reported, emphasizing its potential as a means of addressing mineral deficiencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison Dowley
- Marigot Ltd., Strand Farm, Curraghbinny, Carrigaline, P43NN62 Cork, Ireland.
| | | | - Olusoji Demehin
- Marigot Ltd., Strand Farm, Curraghbinny, Carrigaline, P43NN62 Cork, Ireland
| | - Yvonne Nolan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, T12XF62 Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12YT20 Cork, Ireland
| | - Shane O'Connell
- Marigot Ltd., Strand Farm, Curraghbinny, Carrigaline, P43NN62 Cork, Ireland
| | - Denise M O'Gorman
- Marigot Ltd., Strand Farm, Curraghbinny, Carrigaline, P43NN62 Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ja'afar MH, Mat Nasir N, Md Isa Z, Ismail R, Mohd Tamil A, Ismail NH, Ariffin F, Ab Razak NH, Zainol Abidin N, Yusof KH. Dietary nutrient intake study among older adults: baseline Malaysian pure study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:441. [PMID: 38769498 PMCID: PMC11103826 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05042-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The older adults (OA) is vulnerable to malnutrition, which may affect their health and quality of life. This study assesses the prevalence of deficiencies in dietary nutrients among the Malaysian OA stratified by residency, genders, socioeconomic status (SES) and body mass index (BMI). METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study was conducted, utilizing purposive sampling, recruiting 2,299 Malaysian people aged 60 years old and above who agreed to be interviewed via a comprehensive semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The nutrients intake was calculated based on the Malaysian food composition and US Department of Agriculture food composition databases. Then, the nutrients intake was compared with the Malaysian Recommended Nutrients Intake guidelines, and the prevalence of deficiencies in dietary nutrients were calculated. The median (interquartile ranges) intakes of nutrients were compared between residency (urban and rural), genders (male and female), and SES (low and middle-high) using the Mann-Whitney U test. The differences in nutrient intake between BMI categories (underweight, normal, and overweight) were identified using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's post hoc test. RESULTS The response rate was 70.3% (n = 2,299), predominantly were females (50.8%), received primary education (76.6%), were currently married (84.3%), were middle-high SES (57.7%), and had a normal BMI (59.8%). There was a notable inadequate intake prevalence of magnesium (100.0%), manganese (97.9%), zinc (95.6%), vitamin B6 (98.4%), potassium (91.0%), calcium (89.3%), vitamin B12 (80.2%), vitamin E (91.2%), and vitamin K (81.5%) among Malaysian OA. Additionally, significant differences were observed in nutrients intake levels across gender, residency, SES, and BMI within this population. CONCLUSIONS This study shows a high prevalence of dietary nutrients deficiency (> 80%) among the Malaysian OA, particularly for magnesium, manganese, potassium, zinc, vitamin B6, vitamin E, calcium, vitamin B12, and vitamin K. To improve the nutritional status of OA and safeguard against adverse health effects, it is necessary to formulate and execute strategies to enhance their dietary nutrient intakes. The strategies may involve intervention such as nutrient supplementation and promotion of consuming nutrient-rich foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Hasni Ja'afar
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Nafiza Mat Nasir
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Selangor Branch, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, 47000, Malaysia.
| | - Zaleha Md Isa
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Rosnah Ismail
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Azmi Mohd Tamil
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Noor Hassim Ismail
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Farnaza Ariffin
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Selangor Branch, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Jalan Hospital, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, 47000, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Hafiza Ab Razak
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Najihah Zainol Abidin
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
- Department of Diagnostic and Allied Health Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40100, Malaysia
| | - Khairul Hazdi Yusof
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
- Risk Management Unit, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Omofuma OO, Fang D, Yell N, Falomo O, Liu J, Steck SE. Trends in Reported Calcium and Magnesium Intake from Diet and Supplements by Demographic Factors: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2018. J Acad Nutr Diet 2024:S2212-2672(24)00205-3. [PMID: 38718857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2024.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium and magnesium are important micronutrients necessary for normal body functioning. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to approximate usual nutrient intakes and estimate proportion of adults meeting the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) of calcium and magnesium from diet, and diet plus supplements (total intake). Trends in the proportion of adults meeting the EAR were estimated by sex, age, and race and ethnicity. DESIGN The study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative sample of the US civilian and noninstitutionalized population. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING The continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey survey data from 2003-2004 through 2017-2018 for dietary intake, and 2007-2008 through 2017-2018 for total intake were analyzed. The study sample included men and women (not lactating/pregnant) ages 19 years and older with 2 reliable 24-hour dietary recalls and energy intake >500 to <6,000 kcal/day (N = 35 037). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Mean daily intake and trends of proportion of adults meeting/exceeding the EAR for calcium and magnesium were estimated. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED The National Cancer Institute's method was used to calculate daily intakes for calcium and magnesium by demographic subgroups. SAS SURVEYMEAN and SURVEYFREQ procedures were used to estimate means ± SE for continuous variables and frequencies and percentages for categorical variables, and 2-sample t test for P values. Trends were estimated with National Cancer Institute's Joinpoint trend analysis program. RESULTS Mean daily dietary calcium intake and proportions of adults meeting the EAR from both diet and supplements was lowest among women (859 mg [61.9%]), adults ages 71 years and older (865 mg [60.3%]) and non-Hispanic Black individuals (782 mg [48.6%]) compared with men, younger age groups, and other races and ethnicities. Magnesium intake reported from diet was lowest in adults ages 71 years and older (276 mg), whereas total magnesium intake and proportion of meeting the EAR from both diet and supplements was lowest in women (302 mg) and men (52%), respectively, adults ages 19 to 30 years (305 mg [48.5%]), and non-Hispanic Black individuals (274 mg [35.5%]). The trends in the proportion of women and non-Hispanic White adults meeting the EAR from total calcium intake decreased significantly (P < .05) by 2.9% and 2.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Women and adults ages 71 years and older had the lowest reported mean daily dietary calcium intake and proportion meeting the EAR for calcium from diet and supplements. Men and adults ages 19 to 30 years had the lowest proportion meeting the EAR for magnesium from diet and supplements with adults ages 19 to 30 years also having the lowest reported total magnesium intake from diet and supplements. Non-Hispanic Black individuals had the lowest proportion of meeting the EARs for calcium and magnesium from reported total intake. The trends in the proportion of women and non-Hispanic White individuals meeting the EARs for calcium through total intake decreased over time and remained stable in other subpopulations and for magnesium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omonefe O Omofuma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland.
| | - Dai Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Nicholas Yell
- Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Olajumoke Falomo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Susan E Steck
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sharma N, Kaur M, Gupta Phutela U, Bhatia S. Characterization of halotolerant microalga isolated from waterlogged habitats: Deciphering the biochemical profiling and unraveling the molecular identity. J Basic Microbiol 2024; 64:e2300496. [PMID: 38279542 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to comprehensively explore the biochemical profile of the novel halotolerant microalgae strain, biogas laboratory scenedesmus (BGLRS), previously isolated from waterlogged regions in the southwest zone of Punjab, India. To achieve this, three distinct drying methods viz. freeze-drying, oven-drying, and shade-drying were employed and biochemical composition and antioxidant analyses on the microalgal biomass were conducted. Utilizing advanced analytical techniques, including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) on freeze-dried biomass, its carbohydrate profile, micronutrient composition, and presence of bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic and nutraceutical significance were sought to unravel. Among the drying methods evaluated, freeze-drying exhibited the most promising experimental results, prompting its selection for further investigation. Notably, ICP-AES unveiled elevated concentrations of essential elements such as calcium, iron, magnesium, and phosphorus in BGLRS, with negligible traces of heavy metals, underscoring its safety for human consumption. GC-MS analysis further divulged the existence of numerous biologically active compounds, indicating potential applications in medical and nutraceutical fields. Through molecular identification using sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, a close taxonomic resemblance between BGLRS and Scenedesmus sp. MKB was established, solidifying its unique position within the microalgal taxonomy. The deposition of ITS sequences into the NCBI GenBank, obtaining accession number MN796425, attests to the rigor and transparency of this research. Overall, these findings strongly suggest that microalgae BGLRS possesses high-quality biochemical attributes of significant therapeutic and nutraceutical importance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nishu Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Punjab, Ludhiana, India
| | - Manpreet Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Punjab, Ludhiana, India
| | - Urmila Gupta Phutela
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Punjab, Ludhiana, India
| | - Surekha Bhatia
- Department of Processing and Food Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Punjab, Ludhiana, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yenkoyan K, Ounanian Z, Mirumyan M, Hayrapetyan L, Zakaryan N, Sahakyan R, Bjørklund G. Advances in the Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder: Current and Promising Strategies. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1485-1511. [PMID: 37888815 PMCID: PMC11092563 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673252910230920151332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an umbrella term for developmental disorders characterized by social and communication impairments, language difficulties, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. Current management approaches for ASD aim to resolve its clinical manifestations based on the type and severity of the disability. Although some medications like risperidone show potential in regulating ASD-associated symptoms, a comprehensive treatment strategy for ASD is yet to be discovered. To date, identifying appropriate therapeutic targets and treatment strategies remains challenging due to the complex pathogenesis associated with ASD. Therefore, a comprehensive approach must be tailored to target the numerous pathogenetic pathways of ASD. From currently viable and basic treatment strategies, this review explores the entire field of advancements in ASD management up to cutting-edge modern scientific research. A novel systematic and personalized treatment approach is suggested, combining the available medications and targeting each symptom accordingly. Herein, summarize and categorize the most appropriate ways of modern ASD management into three distinct categories: current, promising, and prospective strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Yenkoyan
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Cobrain Center, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
- Department of Biochemistry, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Zadik Ounanian
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Cobrain Center, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Margarita Mirumyan
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Cobrain Center, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
- Department of Biochemistry, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Liana Hayrapetyan
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Cobrain Center, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Naira Zakaryan
- Department of Biochemistry, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Raisa Sahakyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Department of Research, Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jazmin Hidalgo M, Emilio Gaiad J, Casimiro Goicoechea H, Mendoza A, Pérez-Rodríguez M, Gerardo Pellerano R. Geographical origin identification of mandarin fruits by analyzing fingerprint signatures based on multielemental composition. Food Chem X 2023; 20:101040. [PMID: 38144842 PMCID: PMC10740036 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Given rising traders and consumers concerns, the global food industry is increasingly demanding authentic and traceable products. Consequently, there is a heightened focus on verifying geographical authenticity as food quality assurance. In this work, we assessed pattern recognition approaches based on elemental predictors to discern the provenance of mandarin juices from three distinct citrus-producing zones located in the Northeast region of Argentina. A total of 202 samples originating from two cultivars were prepared through microwave-assisted acid digestion and analyzed by microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MP-AES). Later, we applied linear discriminant analysis (LDA), k-nearest neighbor (k-NN), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF) to the element data obtained. SVM accomplished the best classification performance with a 95.1% success rate, for which it was selected for citrus samples authentication. The proposed method highlights the capability of mineral profiles in accurately identifying the genuine origin of mandarin juices. By implementing this model in the food supply chain, it can prevent mislabeling fraud, thereby contributing to consumer protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melisa Jazmin Hidalgo
- Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del Nordeste Argentino (IQUIBA-NEA), UNNE-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Ave. Libertad 5400, Corrientes 3400, Argentina
| | - José Emilio Gaiad
- Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del Nordeste Argentino (IQUIBA-NEA), UNNE-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Ave. Libertad 5400, Corrientes 3400, Argentina
| | - Héctor Casimiro Goicoechea
- Laboratorio de Desarrollo Analítico y Quimiometría (LADAQ), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina
| | - Alberto Mendoza
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, N.L., Mexico
| | - Michael Pérez-Rodríguez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, N.L., Mexico
| | - Roberto Gerardo Pellerano
- Instituto de Química Básica y Aplicada del Nordeste Argentino (IQUIBA-NEA), UNNE-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Ave. Libertad 5400, Corrientes 3400, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim SD. Association between Chewing Difficulty and Dietary Ca, Vitamin D, and Mg Intake in Korean Older Adults: 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) (2020-2021). Nutrients 2023; 15:4983. [PMID: 38068841 PMCID: PMC10707937 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition intake plays a pivotal role in chewing difficulty (CD). This cross-sectional descriptive study aims to explore the associations between CD and the dietary intake of calcium (Ca), vitamin D, and magnesium (Mg) in adults aged 65 and older, utilizing data from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2020-2021). The chewing function was assessed using a 5-point scale questionnaire that inquired about discomfort experienced during mastication. "Very uncomfortable" and "uncomfortable," two of the five response options, were categorized as being indicative of CD. Dietary intake was assessed through 24 h dietary recall interviews, and nutrient calculations were based on the 10th revised edition of the Korean Food Composition Table. Data (N = 2942) were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multi-logistic regression analyses in a composite sample plan file. Among the 2942 subjects, groups with insufficient daily nutrient intake had significantly higher odds ratios (ORs) for CD compared to their counterparts. In men, the ORs for Ca (1.56), Mg (1.75), and the combined intake of Mg (1.64) with Ca were elevated. In women, the ORs for Ca (1.74), Mg (1.53), and the combined intake of Mg (1.43) with Ca showed similar trends. After adjusting for age, family income, and family size variables, men's ORs for Mg (1.55) and the combined intake of Mg (1.55) with Ca remained elevated, while women's OR for Ca (1.58), Mg (1.42), and the combined intake of Mg (1.34) with Ca remained significant. Dietary vitamin D intake did not significantly impact the OR for CD. After adjusting for natural tooth numbers, self-perceived oral health, and obesity, no significant association was found between CD and these nutrients. In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of promoting the recommended daily intake of magnesium alongside dietary calcium to address CD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Dol Kim
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Kangwon National University, 346 Hwangjo-gil, Dogye-eup, Samcheok-si 25949, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mokhtar A, Souhila T, Nacéra B, Amina B, Alghonaim MI, Öztürk M, Alsalamah SA, Miara MD, Boufahja F, Bendif H. In Vitro Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Anticholinesterase, and Antidiabetic Activities and Chemical Composition of Salvia balansae. Molecules 2023; 28:7801. [PMID: 38067531 PMCID: PMC10708212 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Salvia balansae de Noé (S. balansae) (Lamiaceae) is known to be an important plant used in folk medicine as an herbal remedy in Algeria. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activities, enzyme inhibitory activities, and antimicrobial activities of S. balansae extracts. MATERIALS AND METHODS A methanolic extract and a petroleum ether extract from the aerial parts of the plant were assessed for their chemical composition. HPLC-MS and HPLC-DAD assessed the content of phenols, GC-MS the fatty acid composition, and ICP-MS the mineral profiles of the plant. Additionally, we evaluated the bioactivities of S. balansae extracts by the DPPH, ABTS, and CUPRAC assays, including the antioxidant potential against AChE, BChE, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase for enzyme inhibition. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the methanolic extract were determined by the disc diffusion test against several strains of bacteria and yeasts. RESULTS Our findings revealed that the aerial parts of S. balansae were rich in phytochemical components and contained large amounts of minerals. Quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds by HPLC-DAD revealed the presence of 12 compounds in three major classes, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acid, and phenolic acid derivatives, with 0.61, 0.45, and 0.29 mg/g of extract, respectively. Nine phenolic constituents were quantified by HPLC-MS analysis; catechin (72.5%) was the main compound, followed by myricetin (21.7%). The fatty acid composition of the S. balansae petroleum ether extract by GC-MS analysis was quantified. Seventeen compounds, including palmitic acid, were identified as the major fatty acids. The antioxidant activity of the S. balansae extracts was measured by three different methods: the methanol extract provided better results than the petroleum ether extract, and interesting values were noted for the DPPH, ABTS, and CUPRAC assays of 242.7 ± 7.44, 124.1 ± 9.70, and 222.9 ± 6.05 µg/mL, respectively. The enzyme inhibition activity of the plant could not be determined. The antimicrobial results of the methanolic extract obtained from the disc diffusion method, followed by measurements of MIC, MBC, and MFC against several bacteria and yeasts, indicated that S. balansae exhibited noticeable antimicrobial and antifungal activities. CONCLUSIONS These results provided new data about the main phenolic compounds and biological activities of extracts of the aerial parts of S. balansae, which might be an alternative source for synthetic bioactive compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amırat Mokhtar
- Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University Ibn-Khaldoun of Tiaret, Tiaret 14000, Algeria;
| | - Tabak Souhila
- Department of Nature and Life Sciences, Faculty of Life and Nature Sciences, University of Tiaret, Tiaret 14000, Algeria; (T.S.); (B.N.); (M.D.M.)
| | - Bouriah Nacéra
- Department of Nature and Life Sciences, Faculty of Life and Nature Sciences, University of Tiaret, Tiaret 14000, Algeria; (T.S.); (B.N.); (M.D.M.)
| | - Benabdallah Amina
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Life and Nature Sciences, University Chadli Bendjedid, El-Tarf 36000, Algeria;
| | - Mohammed I. Alghonaim
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia; (M.I.A.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Mehmet Öztürk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla 48121, Türkiye;
| | - Sulaiman A. Alsalamah
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia; (M.I.A.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Mohamed Djamel Miara
- Department of Nature and Life Sciences, Faculty of Life and Nature Sciences, University of Tiaret, Tiaret 14000, Algeria; (T.S.); (B.N.); (M.D.M.)
| | - Fehmi Boufahja
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia; (M.I.A.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Hamdi Bendif
- Laboratory of Ethnobotany and Natural Substances, ENS de Kouba, Algiers 16308, Algeria;
- Faculty of Sciences, University of M’sila, P.O. Box 166, M’Sila 28000, Algeria
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
S SM, S S, B S, K CPD. Calcium silicate biocomposites: effects of selenium oxide on the physico-mechanical features and their in-vitrobiological assessments. Biomed Mater 2023; 19:015003. [PMID: 37972550 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad0d86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Bone tissue regenerative material serves as a prospective recovery candidate with self-adaptable biological properties of bio-activation, degradability, compatibility, and antimicrobial efficacy instead of metallic implants. Such materials are highly expensive due to chemical reagents and complex synthesis procedures, making them unaffordable for patients with financial constraints. This research produced an efficient bone tissue regenerative material using inexpensive naturally occurring source materials, including silica sand and limestone. The extracted SiO2and CaO particles (75:25 wt%) were subjected to hydrothermal synthesis (water treatment instead of chemical solvents) to produce the CaSiO3biomaterial (code: S). Selenium oxide was doped with calcium silicate at 3, 5, and 10 wt.% to enhance its properties, yielding biocomposite materials (i.e. S3, S5, and S10). The physico-mechanical properties of these materials were investigated with x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, FESEM-EDS, and micro-universal testing machine. The results revealed that the synthesized biocomposites have a crystalline wollastonite phase with a porously fused rough surface. From structural parametric calculations, we found that the biocomposites have reduced particle size and enhanced surface area due to the influence of selenium oxide. The biocomposite S10, having high SeO2content, attained the maximum compressive strength of 75.2 MPa.In-vitrostudies of bioactivity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and antibacterial activity were performed. At 7 and 14 d of bioactivity, the synthesized biocomposites are capable of dissolving their ions into simulated body fluid (SBF) solution to precipitate hydroxyapatite and a required Ca/P ratio of 1.69 was achieved by S3. A comparative analysis has been performed on the degradation activity in Tris-HCl and the consequent pH changes during SBF treatment. The bio-analysis revealed that the biocomposite S3 shows enhanced bioactivity through a controlled degradation rate and secured cell viability of 88% at a concentration of 100 μg ml-1. It also offers significant bacterial inhibition potency againstE.coliandS.aureusbacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sakthi Muthulakshmi S
- Department of Physics, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Shailajha S
- Department of Physics, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Shanmugapriya B
- Department of Physics, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012, Tamilnadu, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Seo HJ, Chung SJ, Cho MS, Park JY, Oh J. Consumer Acceptance of Texture-Modified Mackerel Stew Products in Older Adults. Foods 2023; 12:4049. [PMID: 38002107 PMCID: PMC10670800 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Along with concerns regarding societal aging, the dietary requirements of older adults have become a priority. Older adults in Korea experience difficulties consuming animal protein sources as they age. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a senior-friendly food product using mackerel. Accordingly, carbohydrates and proteins were added to the brine solution before saturated vapor treatment. Calcium lactate and poly-gamma-glutamic acid were added to the sauce, and when compared to four commercial products (GT_R, GT_K, PC_K, and AC_G) in an acceptance test, the product was found to exhibit the highest overall liking score (p < 0.001). Higher flavor-liking and familiarity ratings were found to increase purchase intention, while higher flavor-liking, overall-liking, and familiarity ratings increased recommendation intention. Those in mid-to-late adulthood preferred the GT_R and PC_K samples, whereas the AC_G sample was preferred by those in very late adulthood. AC_G sample analysis suggested that those in the very late adulthood group had a relatively higher acceptance of spiciness. In this study, a calcium-added mackerel stew product was manufactured, meeting the standards for senior-friendly food in Korea. It will serve as a baseline for further research on fish- and mackerel-based foods for older adults, which is in its early stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Ji Seo
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.S.); (S.-J.C.); (M.-S.C.)
| | - Seo-Jin Chung
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.S.); (S.-J.C.); (M.-S.C.)
| | - Mi-Sook Cho
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.S.); (S.-J.C.); (M.-S.C.)
| | - Ju-Yeon Park
- Hyundai Green Food. Co., Yongin 16827, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Oh
- College of Science & Industry Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cortazar-Moya S, Mejía-Garibay B, López-Malo A, Morales-Camacho JI. Nutritional composition and techno-functionality of non-defatted and defatted flour of edible insect Arsenura armida. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113445. [PMID: 37803770 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Edible insects are traditional foods worldwide, and in Mexico, is a prehispanic practice. Nowadays, edible insects can be a food source for the increasing population. This research aimed to evaluate the nutritional profile, physical and techno-functional characteristics of non-defatted (NDF) and defatted (DF) flour of the edible insect Arsenura armida to use as a functional ingredient. The lipid content in NDF was 24.18%. Both flours are high in protein, 20.36% in NDF and 46.89% in DF; their soluble proteins from A. armida were classified according to their molecular weight, which ranged from 12 to 94 kDa. The physical properties suggest that both flours have good flow characteristics. Regarding techno-functional properties, DF had the highest water (275.6%) and oil (121%) holding capacity values. The viscosity values indicate that they behave as a non-Newtonian shear-thinning fluid at a high concentration (20%). Emulsion capacity values range between 78.3 and 100% in both flours, with stability between 92.4 and 100%. These flours could be a good source of nutrients, and their techno-functional properties make them a good option for animal protein substitutes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Cortazar-Moya
- Department of Chemical, Food and Environment Engineering, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla 72810, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Mejía-Garibay
- Department of Chemical, Food and Environment Engineering, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla 72810, Mexico
| | - Aurelio López-Malo
- Department of Chemical, Food and Environment Engineering, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla 72810, Mexico
| | - Jocksan Ismael Morales-Camacho
- Department of Chemical, Food and Environment Engineering, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla 72810, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Alshahrani F, Alassafi MT, Owaiwid LNB, Alageel NA, Alanazi FH, Alsogami LS, AlMujarri FM, AlMalki MH. Assessment of calcium intake and recognition of calcium-rich food sources among the Saudi population. Arch Osteoporos 2023; 18:130. [PMID: 37884818 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-023-01337-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Calcium is an essential skeletal mineral, and calcium deficiency has a negative impact on bone health. We conducted an online questionnaire to assess the intake and knowledge among the Saudi population. The survey included 950 participants, with 51.1% demonstrating poor knowledge of calcium sources and a mean intake lower than the recommended level. INTRODUCTION Calcium is an essential mineral and one of the most prevalent in the body. Chronic insufficient calcium intake increases the risk of osteopenia, osteoporosis, and bone fracture. PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the Saudi population's calcium intake and knowledge of calcium sources as well as to identify factors associated with inadequate calcium intake. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted across Saudi Arabia using an online questionnaire distributed randomly through social media channels. The questionnaire was a validated tool that was previously developed and used by the original author to assess knowledge of calcium food sources and estimate calcium intake in the Saudi population. If an individual answered more than 11 questions correctly, calcium knowledge was considered adequate. Calcium intake was considered sufficient or insufficient based on the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of 1000 mg/day. RESULTS The survey included male and female Saudi citizens and residents aged 14 years or older. A total of 950 respondents aged 9-70 completed the questionnaire. A total of 62.9% of the respondents were 26-50 years old. Of the participants, 64.2% were female, 71.7% were married, and 61.9% had a diploma or a bachelor's degree. Of these, 63.8% were from the central region, and 97.6% were from Saudi Arabia. For those aged 9-18, the average calcium consumption was 577 mg/day, whereas it was 479 mg/day for those aged 19-50. The average intake was 479 mg/day for males aged 51-70 (EAR = 1000 mg/day) and 438 mg/day for females (EAR = 1200 mg/day). These calcium consumption values were significantly lower than the estimated average requirement (EAR) and RDA (p < 0.01). Correct response rates for the 19 calcium intake knowledge items ranged from 23.4 to 94.7%. Among the participants, 48.9% had significant calcium intake knowledge, as indicated by a score of > 11 out of 19 correct responses. Age, sex, marital status, educational attainment, and residence were significantly correlated with adequate knowledge of calcium. Demographic characteristics such as age, marital status, and residence were associated with sufficient calcium intake in the study. CONCLUSION The study findings revealed that a significant proportion (51.1%) of participants demonstrated inadequate knowledge regarding calcium food sources. Additionally, the mean calcium intake was found to be lower than the RDA of 1300 mg/day for males and females 14-18 years old and 1000 mg/day for males and females 19-50 years old and males 51-70 years old; however, the RDA for females 51-70 years old is 1200 mg/day, suggesting an urgent need for interventions aimed at enhancing both calcium knowledge and intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Alshahrani
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ahmad Ibn Hanbal Street, Ar Rimayah, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia.
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | | | - Fuoz Hakeem Alanazi
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Fahad M AlMujarri
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ahmad Ibn Hanbal Street, Ar Rimayah, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mussa H AlMalki
- Obesity, Endocrine and Metabolism Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nyero A, Achaye I, Upoki Anywar G, Malinga GM. Inorganic nutrients and heavy metals in some wild edible plants consumed by rural communities in Northern Uganda: Implications for human health. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18999. [PMID: 37636347 PMCID: PMC10447991 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
For centuries, wild edible plant species have sustained local communities across Africa by supplementing households' diets in seasons of food shortage. Wild edible plants contain inorganic nutrients, which are essential for the proper functioning of organisms. However, their nutritional contents have not been well researched and are generally poorly understood. This study aimed to quantify the levels of inorganic micro-and macronutrients as well as heavy metals (Mg, Ca, K, Fe, Zn, Cd, Hg and Pb) in selected wild edible plants traditionally consumed among the Acholi communities in northern Uganda, and associated health risks of consuming them. The leaves and young stems of 12 wild edible plants, viz: Acalypha rhomboidea, Asystacia gangetica, Crassocephalum sacrobasis, Crotalaria ochroleuca, Heterotis rotundifolia, Hibiscus cannabinus, Hibiscus sp., Hibiscus surattensis, Ipomoea eriocarpa, Maerua angolensis, Senna obtusifolia and Vigna membranacea were air-dried and crushed to powder. The powders were then macerated using aqua regia solution and analyzed in triplicates using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The target hazard quotient (THQ) of Pb was calculated for non-carcinogenic health risks. Mg, Ca, K, Fe, Zn and Pb were detectable in all the wild edible plants sampled. All inorganic nutrients (mg/100gdw), were below the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA); Mg (9.4 ± 0.19 to 10.4 ± 0.15), Ca (119 ± 5.82 to 1265 ± 14.9), Fe (3.29 ± 0.02 to 11.2 ± 0.09), Zn (0.52 ± 0.02 to 2.36 ± 0.03). Hg and Cd were below detectable limits in all the samples tested. The content of Pb (0.69 ± 0.11 to1.22 ± 0.07) was higher than the CODEX and EU limits of 0.1 ppm (0.001 mg/g) but was below the recommended threshold of 1. The health risk assessment revealed no potential hazards both in children and adults. However, there is a need to study the bioavailability of Pb when the vegetables are consumed due to factors such as indigestion and antinutritional compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Nyero
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gulu University, P.O. Box 166, Gulu, Uganda
| | - Innocent Achaye
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gulu University, P.O. Box 166, Gulu, Uganda
| | - Godwin Upoki Anywar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Magalhães NV, Waitzberg DL, Lopes NC, Vicedomini ACC, Prudêncio APA, Jacob-Filho W, Busse AL, Ferdinando D, Alves TP, Pereira RMR, Torrinhas RS, Belarmino G. High Prevalence of Energy and Nutrients Inadequacy among Brazilian Older Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:3246. [PMID: 37513664 PMCID: PMC10384757 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor nutrition increases the risk of diseases and adverse health outcomes in older adults. We evaluated the potential inadequacy of nutrient intake among older adults in Brazil and its association with body anthropometry and composition outcomes. Dietary intake was obtained from 295 community-living older adults (>60 years old), of both genders, using a seven-day food record. Nutrient inadequacy was further identified based on the Dietary Reference Intakes and European Guidelines. Skeletal muscle mass (SM), strength and performance, and the diagnosis of sarcopenia were assessed using reference methods. Nutritional inadequacy was high, with energy, dietary fiber, and six micronutrients exhibiting the greatest inadequacy levels (>80%). Energy intake was correlated with SM strength (p = 0.000) and performance (p = 0.001). Inadequate energy, fiber, and protein intakes influenced BMI, while inadequate intake of vitamin B6 directly affected the diagnosis of sarcopenia (p ≤ 0.005). Further research is required to investigate whether these inadequacies can be associated with other clinical health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Vieira Magalhães
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Dan Linetzky Waitzberg
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia Correia Lopes
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Costa Vicedomini
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Aguiar Prudêncio
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Wilson Jacob-Filho
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Envelhecimento (LIM-66), Serviço de Geriatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Leopold Busse
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Envelhecimento (LIM-66), Serviço de Geriatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Douglas Ferdinando
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Envelhecimento (LIM-66), Serviço de Geriatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Pereira Alves
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Envelhecimento (LIM-66), Serviço de Geriatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosa Maria Rodrigues Pereira
- Research Laboratory in Rheumatology, LIM-17, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel Susana Torrinhas
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Giliane Belarmino
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Salhi S, Chentouf M, Harrak H, Rahim A, Çakir C, Çam D, Öztürk M, Hamidallah N, Cabaraux JF, El Amiri B. Assessment of physicochemical parameters, bioactive compounds, biological activities, and nutritional value of the most two commercialized pollen types of date palm ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) in Morocco. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2023:10820132231168914. [PMID: 37063044 DOI: 10.1177/10820132231168914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
The pollen of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is known for its nutritional value and implications as a health-promoting component. Due to its low cost, date palm pollen crushed with its spadix is more widely commercialized and used in Morocco than pure date palm pollen free of spadix. Thus, this study aimed to assess the physicochemical and phytochemical parameters, biological activities, and nutritional value of the two pollen types: Pure date palm pollen and date palm pollen crushed with its spadix. Various physicochemical parameters were determined, including humidity, water activity (aw), total soluble solids, ash content, and color parameters (L*, a*, b*, C*ab, and hab). Additionally, the phenolic compound profiles were analyzed, and the in vitro antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, and antidiabetic activities were assessed for both pure date palm pollen and date palm pollen crushed with its spadix. Furthermore, the nutritional value was evaluated by determining protein and carbohydrate contents, and mineral and fatty acid profiles. The results have revealed that pure date palm pollen had higher humidity, aw, L*, and hab color parameters than date palm pollen crushed with its spadix, but lower total soluble solid and ash contents. The main phenolic compounds in pure date palm pollen were ellagic acid, rutin, fisetin, and quercetin, whereas date palm pollen crushed with its spadix contained mainly catechin, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and rutin. Moreover, pure date palm pollen showed greater in vitro antioxidant activity, while date palm pollen crushed with its spadix had higher enzyme inhibitory and antidiabetic activities. PDPS was the richest source of proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, and saturated fatty acids, while date palm pollen crushed with its spadix was a better source of unsaturated fatty acids, which are mainly represented by linoleic acid. In conclusion, although date palm pollen crushed with its spadix is the most widely consumed type, its nutritional value is lower than that of pure date palm pollen. Thus, pure date palm pollen could potentially serve as a better source of many bioactive compounds, making it a viable supplement for various health applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saad Salhi
- National Institute for Agriculture Animal Production Unit, Regional Center Agricultural Research of Settat, National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat, Morocco
- Hassan First University of Settat, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, Settat, Morocco
| | - Mouad Chentouf
- Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Tangier, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hasnaâ Harrak
- National Institute for Agriculture Animal Production Unit, Regional Center Agricultural Research of Marrakech, National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdellatif Rahim
- National Institute for Agriculture Animal Production Unit, Regional Center Agricultural Research of Settat, National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Cansel Çakir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Dilaycan Çam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Öztürk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
- Food Analysis Application and Research Center, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Naima Hamidallah
- Hassan First University of Settat, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, Settat, Morocco
| | - Jean-François Cabaraux
- Department of Veterinary Management of Animal Resources, FARAH, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bouchra El Amiri
- National Institute for Agriculture Animal Production Unit, Regional Center Agricultural Research of Settat, National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Rabat, Morocco
- African Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (ASARI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P, Laayoune, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mohd Azmi NFI, Aznul Hisham MH, Jamil NA. Development and Evaluation of an e-Book for Bone Health and Osteoporosis Education in Adolescents. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081899. [PMID: 37111118 PMCID: PMC10145090 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Achieving optimum peak bone mass during adolescence is crucial for lifetime bone health. This study is aimed at developing and assessing an e-book designed for adolescent bone health knowledge and osteoporosis education. A needs assessment was conducted among 43 adolescents, aged 13-16 years, living in urban areas in Malaysia to determine their needs and preference for health educational material. The researchers also searched for relevant guidelines and articles regarding adolescent bone health. Subsequently, an e-book was developed based on the needs assessment and literature search. Five expert panelists (mean work experience = 11.3 years) validated the e-book contents and assessed its understandability and actionability using the Patient Educational Materials Assessment Tool for Audio-Visual Material (PEMAT-A/V). The internet (72.1%), parents (44.2%), television (41.9%), and teachers (39.5%) were the top four sources of health information among the respondents. Magazines (4.6%) and newspapers (11.6%) were the least preferred resources. Most adolescents were interested in cartoon-themed educational materials, and they perceived that including a short video, quiz, and infographic in the educational material would make it much more interactive for users. The developed e-book includes seven infographic chapters, a link to a quiz, and a summary video. The topics cover basic information on bones and the formation and resorption processes, osteoporosis and its risk factors, key nutrients for bone health (calcium and vitamin D), along with their sources and recommended amounts, physical activity and exercise for bone health, and tips for healthy lifestyle practices for bone health. All chapters and the video were rated with a median score of 100% for understandability and actionability, respectively. Some of the comments received from evaluators included that the e-book made good use of infographics, was easy to understand and interesting, and contained well-organized content. Some suggestions for improvement included adding take-home messages relevant to the topic, using colors to highlight keywords, and narrating all points presented in the video. Overall, the newly developed e-book on adolescent bone health was highly rated by expert panelists. However, the acceptance and effectiveness of the e-book in increasing bone health and osteoporosis knowledge among adolescents are yet to be evaluated. The e-book could be used as one of the educational tools to promote bone health in adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nur Filzah Insyirah Mohd Azmi
- Centre for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Hafiz Aznul Hisham
- Centre for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Nor Aini Jamil
- Centre for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mlawa G, Khan Z, Azhar S, Hussein F, Mahamud B, Nugod A. A Rare Manifestation of Unknown Hyperparathyroidism as a Perforated Peptic Ulcer. Cureus 2023; 15:e37635. [PMID: 37200669 PMCID: PMC10187087 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypercalcemia is a common electrolyte abnormality with different causes. Hypercalcemia is most often associated with malignancy and primary hyperparathyroidism and malignancy together account for most cases. Primary hyperparathyroidism manifests as hypercalcemia owing to the overproduction of parathyroid hormone. In most cases, primary hyperparathyroidism manifests due to a solitary parathyroid adenoma. Based on calcium levels, hypercalcemia can be classified as mild, moderate, and severe. Hypercalcemia typically presents with non-specific clinical features. Here, we present the case of a 38-year-old male patient who presented to the emergency department (ED) with acute abdominal pain and a tender abdomen with absent bowel sounds. He had chest radiography and blood tests initially. Chest radiography showed left-sided pneumoperitoneum, and the patient was suspected to have a perforated peptic ulcer due to hypercalcemia secondary to a parathyroid adenoma during the second wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The findings were confirmed by a computerized tomography scan of the abdomen, and the patient was treated with intravenous fluids for hypercalcemia and was managed conservatively for a sealed perforated peptic ulcer following discussion in the multi-disciplinary team meeting (MDT). The COVID-19 pandemic led to a long waiting list and delays in the timely management of patients requiring elective surgical intervention, such as parathyroidectomy. The patient made a complete recovery and had parathyroidectomy of the inferior right lobe two months later.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Mlawa
- Internal Medicine and Diabetes and Endocrinology, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals National Health Services (NHS) Trust, London, GBR
| | - Zahid Khan
- Acute Medicine, Mid and South Essex National Health Services (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southend on Sea, GBR
- Cardiology, Bart's Heart Center, London, GBR
- Cardiology and General Medicine, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals National Health Services (NHS) Trust, London, GBR
- Cardiology, Royal Free Hospital, London, GBR
| | | | - Furhana Hussein
- Internal Medicine and Diabetes and Endocrinology, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals National Health Services (NHS) Trust, London, GBR
| | - Bashir Mahamud
- Internal Medicine and Diabetes and Endocrinology, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals National Health Services (NHS) Trust, London, GBR
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Walker D, Gardner MT, Dennis H, Voutchkov M. A simple assessment of the effect of strontium on the urinary excretion of calcium in Sprague Dawley rats. Urolithiasis 2023; 51:53. [PMID: 36930293 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-023-01427-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating the impact of varying concentrations of strontium (Sr) on calcium (Ca) excretion via the urine and determine its impact on kidney stone formation. Twenty adult male Sprague Dawley rats weighing between 200 and 300 g were selected. The rats were randomly divided into four groups of five. One group was used as a control group while the other three groups were experimental. The diet of the rats was modulated over a 12 week period to investigate the impact of Sr on the urinary excretion of Ca. Urinary samples were collected every 2 weeks from the rats. The rats were fed water ad libitum. After the study the rats were euthanised and their kidneys harvested. Urine and kidney samples from the rats were analysed using Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence (TXRF). In the urine excretion of Ca increased with increased intake of Sr in the diet. Sr excretion via the urine also increased with increased dietary intake. There was a correlation of 0.835 at the significance level of 0.01 between Ca and Sr in the urine. However, for the kidneys, the varying concentration of Sr did not impact the retention of Ca in the kidneys. There was increased retention of Sr in the kidneys with increased dietary intake. In this study an increase of Sr in the diet resulted in an increase in urinary excretion of Ca.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darrion Walker
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the West Indies Mona, Kingston, Jamaica.
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies Mona, Kingston, Jamaica.
| | - Michael T Gardner
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Haile Dennis
- International Centre for Environmental and Nuclear Sciences, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Mitko Voutchkov
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the West Indies Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kamal M, Abdel-Raouf N, Alwutayd K, AbdElgawad H, Abdelhameed MS, Hammouda O, Elsayed KNM. Seasonal Changes in the Biochemical Composition of Dominant Macroalgal Species along the Egyptian Red Sea Shore. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030411. [PMID: 36979103 PMCID: PMC10045638 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Macroalgae are significant biological resources in coastal marine ecosystems. Seasonality influences macroalgae biochemical characteristics, which consequentially affect their ecological and economic values. Here, macroalgae were surveyed from summer 2017 to spring 2018 at three sites at 7 km (south) from El Qusier, 52 km (north) from Marsa Alam and 70 km (south) from Safaga along the Red Sea coast, Egypt. Across all the macroalgae collected, Caulerpa prolifera (green macroalgae), Acanthophora spicifera (red macroalgae) and Cystoseira myrica, Cystoseira trinodis and Turbinaria ornata (brown macroalgae) were the most dominant macroalgal species. These macroalgae were identified at morphological and molecular (18s rRNA) levels. Then, the seasonal variations in macroalgal minerals and biochemical composition were quantified to determine the apt period for harvesting based on the nutritional requirements for commercial utilizations. The chemical composition of macroalgae proved the species and seasonal variation. For instance, minerals were more accumulated in macroalgae C. prolifera, A. spicifera and T. ornata in the winter season, but they were accumulated in both C. myrica and C. trinodis in the summer season. Total sugars, amino acids, fatty acids and phenolic contents were higher in the summer season. Accordingly, macroalgae collected during the summer can be used as food and animal feed. Overall, we suggest the harvesting of macroalgae for different nutrients and metabolites in the respective seasons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Kamal
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Neveen Abdel-Raouf
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khairiah Alwutayd
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Sayed Abdelhameed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Ola Hammouda
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Khaled N M Elsayed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
White RR, Gleason CB. Global contributions of milk to nutrient supplies and greenhouse gas emissions. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:3287-3300. [PMID: 37002141 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Globally, ruminant production systems used to synthesize meat and milk differ tremendously in terms of their efficiency, productivity, and environmental impacts. Regardless of this variability, milk has been repeatedly identified as an essential source of nutrients for humans. The objective of this work was to characterize global contributions of fluid milk to human food and nutrient supplies, greenhouse gas emissions, and water withdrawal. Data were leveraged from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization to estimate global supplies of agricultural products. Trade of agricultural products and waste of those products, along with use of human food for livestock feed were accounted for before estimating human nutrient supplies. The contributions of milk to human-edible nutrient supplies were then enumerated in terms of their proportion of total nutrients supplied by the agricultural system and in terms of the human population's requirement for that nutrient. We identified that fluid milk provides over 10% of consumable supplies of vitamin B12, vitamin A, riboflavin, and calcium available for humans globally. In terms of human nutrient requirements, milk provides sufficient vitamin B12 to meet the needs of over 60% of the global population, riboflavin to satisfy 50% of the population, and calcium and phosphorus for over 35% of the population. Compared with other foods, milk ranked among the highest in terms of nutrient-to-calorie ratio for numerous amino acids, phosphorus, calcium, and riboflavin. Conditional dependencies were identified between greenhouse gas emissions and ruminant milk and meat, but not between water withdrawal and milk production. When evaluating the trade-offs in nutrient use versus nutrient provision for producing milk or producing all ruminant products, the production of ruminants worldwide was associated with both net increases and net decreases of several key nutrients. Continued work focusing on strategies to reduce the environmental impact of milk production will improve the utility of milk for feeding the growing global population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R R White
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061.
| | - C B Gleason
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zebrafish Models to Study Ectopic Calcification and Calcium-Associated Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043366. [PMID: 36834795 PMCID: PMC9967340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ectopic calcification refers to the pathological accumulation of calcium ions in soft tissues and is often the result of a dysregulated action or disrupted function of proteins involved in extracellular matrix mineralization. While the mouse has traditionally been the go-to model organism for the study of pathologies associated with abnormal calcium deposition, many mouse mutants often have exacerbated phenotypes and die prematurely, limiting the understanding of the disease and the development of effective therapies. Since the mechanisms underlying ectopic calcification share some analogy with those of bone formation, the zebrafish (Danio rerio)-a well-established model for studying osteogenesis and mineralogenesis-has recently gained momentum as a model to study ectopic calcification disorders. In this review, we outline the mechanisms of ectopic mineralization in zebrafish, provide insights into zebrafish mutants that share phenotypic similarities with human pathological mineralization disorders, list the compounds capable of rescuing mutant phenotypes, and describe current methods to induce and characterize ectopic calcification in zebrafish.
Collapse
|
25
|
Bielska P, Skotarczak E, Cais-Sokolińska D, Teichert J. Determinants of the attitudes of proinnovative dairy consumers and a model simulating consumer behavior regarding increasing calcium intake. Nutrition 2023; 109:111983. [PMID: 36842289 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.111983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A study was carried out to identify characteristics of consumers of dairy products. METHODS Based on a questionnaire with 127 participants, aged 22 to 52, a simulation model was developed, taking into account factors influencing the development of health-seeking behavior. RESULTS A relationship was found between consumer proinnovative attitude, actual prohealth behavior, and characteristics of the consumer influencing the consumption of calcium. Prohealth behavior (knowledge and application of the principles of healthy eating) is mainly influenced by material situation, age, and gender of the consumer. It has been reported that only 25% of parents talk to their children about the principles of healthy eating. No relationship was found between prohealth and proinnovation behaviors and level of education, sports activity, or number of children in the family. CONCLUSIONS Among young people, as many as 39% do not follow the principles of healthy eating, and these are mainly women. Respondents' proinnovative attitudes and social status were conducive to increasing calcium intake and correlate with greater diversity in the consumption of dairy products. The Pearson correlation coefficient between body mass index and calcium intake was not significant (r = -0.03; P = 0.76).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Bielska
- Department of Dairy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Ewa Skotarczak
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Dorota Cais-Sokolińska
- Department of Dairy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Teichert
- Department of Dairy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Vlok M, Snoddy AME, Ramesh N, Wheeler BJ, Standen VG, Arriaza BT. The role of dietary calcium in the etiology of childhood rickets in the past and the present. Am J Hum Biol 2023; 35:e23819. [PMID: 36251616 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
For more than two centuries, lack of sunlight has been understood to cause vitamin D deficiency and documented as a primary cause of rickets. As such, evidence of rickets in the archeological record has been used as a proxy for vitamin D status in past individuals and populations. In the last decade, a clinical global consensus has emerged wherein it is recognized that dietary calcium deficiency also plays a role in the manifestation of rickets and classic skeletal deformities may not form if dietary calcium is normal even if vitamin D is deficient. This disease is now clinically called "nutritional rickets" to reflect the fact that rickets can take calcium deficiency-predominant or vitamin D deficiency-predominant forms. However, there are currently no paleopathological studies wherein dietary calcium deficiency is critically considered a primary etiology of the disease. We review here the interplay of calcium, vitamin D, and phosphorous in bone homeostasis, examine the role of dietary calcium in human health, and critically explore the clinical literature on calcium deficiency-predominant rickets. Finally, we report a case of rickets from the late Formative Period (~2500-1500 years ago) of the Atacama Desert and argue the disease in this infant is likely an example of calcium deficiency-predominant rickets. We conclude that most archeological cases of rickets are the result of multiple micronutrient deficiencies that compound to manifest in macroscopic skeletal lesions. For clinicians, these factors are important for implementing best treatment practice, and for paleopathologists they are necessary for appropriate interpretation of health in past communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melandri Vlok
- Sydney Southeast Asia Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Anne Marie E Snoddy
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Niranjan Ramesh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Benjamin J Wheeler
- Department of Women and Children's Health, Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Vivien G Standen
- Departamento de Antropología, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sprayed microcapsules of minerals for fortified food. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
|
28
|
Nedjimi B. Trace Element Quantification in Two Algerian Thymes (Thymus algeriensis Boiss & Reut. and Thymus capitatus (L.) Hoffm. & Link) Using EDXRF Spectrometry. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:455-463. [PMID: 35091882 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03128-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In an attempt to know the elemental composition of two endemic Algerian thyme species, we analyzed eleven mineral and trace elements (Br, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Rb, Sr, V, and Zn) in Thymus algeriensis Boiss & Reut. and Thymus capitatus (L.) Hoffm. & Link. These species are commonly used in Algeria as aromatic and medicinal shrubs. The total concentrations of chemical elements were determined by EDXRF spectrometry. The instrument calibration was assessed through the analysis of certified reference material CRM-336 (Lichen) from the IAEA, Vienna, Austria. The results show that the highest concentrations of the micronutrients (Br, Cr, Cu, Mn, Sr, V, and Zn) were registered in T. algeriensis, while the maximum concentrations of Ca, Fe, and the non-essential element, Rb, were found in T. capitatus. Potassium contents were similar in the two species. The concentrations of essential chemical elements in T. algeriensis leaves were found in the following order: K > Ca > Mn > Fe > Zn > Cu > Cr. However, the order of these elements in T. capitatus was Ca > K > Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cr. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that T. algeriensis was highly associated with Br, Cr, Cu, Mn, Sr, V, and Zn, while T. capitatus was correlated with Ca, Fe, K, and Rb. Dietary element intakes through ingestion of 1 teaspoon of dry powder (~ 10 g) were estimated and compared to recommended daily intakes and permissible limits under FAO/WHO guidelines. In all cases, these estimates were below those levels. These findings can enhance the dissemination of these medicinal plants, which have medicinal and organoleptic properties, and provide an experiment-based guidance to the pharmaceutical and food industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bouzid Nedjimi
- Laboratory of Exploration and Valorization of Steppe Ecosystem, Faculty of Science of Nature and Life, Ziane Achour University of Djelfa, Cité Aîn Chih, P.O. Box 3117, 17000, Djelfa, Algeria.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Mutlu C, Özer-Atakoğlu Ö, Erbaş M, Yalçın MG. Advances in the Elemental Composition Analysis of Propolis Samples from Different Regions of Turkey by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:435-443. [PMID: 35169951 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03152-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to determine the elemental composition of 47 propolis samples collected from different regions of Turkey by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. According to the results, the most abundant elements in propolis samples were the Ca, K, and Si with the mean values as 1556, 1383, and 731 mg/kg, respectively. Additionally, there were high degrees of positive and strong correlations of Al with S (0.925) and Fe (0.926) and Ca with Mg (0.970). According to cluster analysis results, the Aegean, Marmara, and Mediterranean regions showed strong similarities, whereas Southeastern Anatolia propolis samples were remarkably different. The elements considered as toxic for human and environmental health such as Mn, Ni, Pb, Sn, and W were at the trace amounts as < 10 mg/kg. When assuming 1 g raw propolis is consumed daily by a 60-kg adult, the analyzed propolis samples were not a source carrying the negative effects of these elements. However, they could be an indicator of environmental pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Mutlu
- Food Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
- Food Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Özge Özer-Atakoğlu
- Geological Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Erbaş
- Food Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Gürhan Yalçın
- Geological Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Calcium complexes of oxicams: new dimensions in rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Future Med Chem 2022; 14:1771-1788. [PMID: 36519430 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Various metals have been complexed with drugs to improve their cellular impact. Inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are characterized by unbalanced production of proinflammatory cytokines (PICs) and prostaglandins with decreased levels of vitamin D and calcium. The inflammation can be suppressed through targeting the formation of PICs or related enzymes by various treatment strategies that involve the use of corticosteroids, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and NSAIDs. We present a detailed review on the impact of calcium complexes of oxicams as an advanced treatment strategy for RA. The calcium complexes demonstrate promising capabilities to cure the disease, improve the strength of bones and suppress PICs in RA.
Collapse
|
31
|
Cuéllar-Cruz M, Islas SR, Ramírez-Ramírez N, Pedraza-Reyes M, Moreno A. Protection of the DNA from Selected Species of Five Kingdoms in Nature by Ba(II), Sr(II), and Ca(II) Silica-Carbonates: Implications about Biogenicity and Evolving from Prebiotic Chemistry to Biological Chemistry. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:37410-37426. [PMID: 36312347 PMCID: PMC9609056 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The origin of life on Earth is associated with the Precambrian era, in which the existence of a large diversity of microbial fossils has been demonstrated. Notwithstanding, despite existing evidence of the emergence of life many unsolved questions remain. The first question could be as follows: Which was the inorganic structure that allowed isolation and conservation of the first biomolecules in the existing reduced conditions of the primigenial era? Minerals have been postulated as the ones in charge of protecting theses biomolecules against the external environment. There are calcium, barium, or strontium silica-carbonates, called biomorphs, which we propose as being one of the first inorganic structures in which biomolecules were protected from the external medium. Biomorphs are structures with different biological morphologies that are not formed by cells, but by nanocrystals; some of their morphologies resemble the microfossils found in Precambrian cherts. Even though biomorphs are unknown structures in the geological registry, their similarity with some biological forms, including some Apex fossils, could suggest them as the first "inorganic scaffold" where the first biomolecules became concentrated, conserved, aligned, and duplicated to give rise to the pioneering cell. However, it has not been documented whether biomorphs could have been the primary structures that conserved biomolecules in the Precambrian era. To attain a better understanding on whether biomorphs could have been the inorganic scaffold that existed in the primigenial Earth, the aim of this contribution is to synthesize calcium, barium, and strontium biomorphs in the presence of genomic DNA from organisms of the five kingdoms in conditions emulating the atmosphere of the Precambrian era and that CO2 concentration in conditions emulating current atmospheric conditions. Our results showed, for the first time, the formation of the kerogen signal, which is a marker of biogenicity in fossils, in the biomorphs grown in the presence of DNA. We also found the DNA to be internalized into the structure of biomorphs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Cuéllar-Cruz
- Departamento
de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas,
Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta S/N, Col. Noria Alta,
C.P. 36050, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Selene R. Islas
- Instituto
de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, México City, 04510 Mexico
| | - Norma Ramírez-Ramírez
- Departamento
de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas,
Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta S/N, Col. Noria Alta,
C.P. 36050, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Mario Pedraza-Reyes
- Departamento
de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas,
Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta S/N, Col. Noria Alta,
C.P. 36050, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Abel Moreno
- Instituto
de Química, Universidad Nacional
Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, México City 04510. Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Nutritional and Phytochemical Variation of Marula (Sclerocarya birrea) (Subspecies caffra and birrea) Fruit among Nine International Provenances Tested in Malawi. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2022; 2022:4686368. [PMID: 36268477 PMCID: PMC9578900 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4686368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Sclerocarya birrea (Marula) is one of the indigenous fruit trees that was selected for domestication in Malawi. This study was conducted to assess nutritional and phytochemical variation of Sclerocarya birrea (subspecies caffra and birrea) fruits planted in an international provenance trial in Malawi. Vitamin C, calcium, iron, zinc, fat, and fibre content ranged from 6 to 81 mg/100 g; 1.8 to 5.3 mg/100 g; 1.4 to 3.3 mg/100 g; 0.3 to 0.8 mg/100 g; 51.6 to 57.7%; and 4.1 to 6.9%, respectively. Phytochemical scores showed that all nine provenances contained weak (+) concentration of alkaloids. Kalimbeza (Namibia) and Magamba-Turiani (Tanzania) provenances showed moderate (++) concentrations of saponins. Chikhwawa (Malawi), Missira (Mali), and Moamba (Mozambique) provenances had moderate (++) concentrations of tannins. Missira (Mali) and Kalimbeza (Namibia) provenances showed weak (+) concentration of terpenoids. Variations observed in nutritional and phytochemical composition could be attributed to genetic make-up and origin of the genotypes, since all genotypes were planted in the same environment. Therefore, selection of Sclerocarya birrea for domestication purposes should consider the provenance (origin of genotypes) and subspecies levels. Further studies should investigate vegetative propagation and heritability of nutritional and phytochemical traits before the use of seed for propagation.
Collapse
|
33
|
Kadim IT, Al-Amri IS, Alkindi AY, Haq QMI. Nutritional values and health benefits of dromedary camel meat. Anim Front 2022; 12:61-70. [PMID: 35974788 PMCID: PMC9374515 DOI: 10.1093/af/vfac051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Isam T Kadim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, PC 616, Birkat Al-Mouz, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Issa S Al-Amri
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, PC 616, Birkat Al-Mouz, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Abdulaziz Y Alkindi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, PC 616, Birkat Al-Mouz, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Quazi M I Haq
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, PC 616, Birkat Al-Mouz, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Cameron SJ, Sheng J, Hosseinian F, Willmore WG. Nanoparticle Effects on Stress Response Pathways and Nanoparticle-Protein Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7962. [PMID: 35887304 PMCID: PMC9323783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly used in a wide variety of applications and products; however, NPs may affect stress response pathways and interact with proteins in biological systems. This review article will provide an overview of the beneficial and detrimental effects of NPs on stress response pathways with a focus on NP-protein interactions. Depending upon the particular NP, experimental model system, and dose and exposure conditions, the introduction of NPs may have either positive or negative effects. Cellular processes such as the development of oxidative stress, the initiation of the inflammatory response, mitochondrial function, detoxification, and alterations to signaling pathways are all affected by the introduction of NPs. In terms of tissue-specific effects, the local microenvironment can have a profound effect on whether an NP is beneficial or harmful to cells. Interactions of NPs with metal-binding proteins (zinc, copper, iron and calcium) affect both their structure and function. This review will provide insights into the current knowledge of protein-based nanotoxicology and closely examines the targets of specific NPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shana J. Cameron
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; (S.J.C.); (F.H.)
| | - Jessica Sheng
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada;
| | - Farah Hosseinian
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; (S.J.C.); (F.H.)
| | - William G. Willmore
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; (S.J.C.); (F.H.)
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada;
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Magnesium Status and Ca/Mg Ratios in a Series of Children and Adolescents with Chronic Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142941. [PMID: 35889897 PMCID: PMC9315923 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is an essential divalent cation involved in various enzymatic reactions that regulate vital biological functions. The main goal was to evaluate Mg status and its association with nutritional indicators in 78 children and adolescents with chronic diseases. We assessed anthropometric, biochemical, diet, body composition, and bone densitometry valuations. Serum Mg and Ca levels were determined using the standardized method and diet calcium (Ca) and Mg consumption by a prospective 72 h diet survey. Mean serum Ca (9.9 mg/dL), Mg (2.08 mg/dL) dietary Ca (102% DRI: Dietary Reference Intake), and Mg intake (105% DRI) were normal. A total of 45% had hypomagnesemia, 12% had hypermagnesemia, and 26% and 24% had inadequate and high Mg intake, respectively. Only 6% of patients had poor Mg intake and hypomagnesemia, and 54% and 90% of our series had an elevated serum Ca/Mg ratio > 4.70 (mean 4.79) and a low Ca/Mg intake ratio < 1.70 (mean 1.06), respectively. Both Ca/Mg ratios were linked with the risk of developing other chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, syndrome metabolic, and even several cancers. Therefore, 79% of children and adolescents with chronic diseases were at elevated risk of having abnormal Mg status and developing other chronic illnesses.
Collapse
|
36
|
Kurakin S, Ivankov O, Skoi V, Kuklin A, Uhríková D, Kučerka N. Cations Do Not Alter the Membrane Structure of POPC—A Lipid With an Intermediate Area. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:926591. [PMID: 35898308 PMCID: PMC9312375 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.926591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and densitometric measurements, we have studied the interactions of the divalent cations Ca2+ and Mg2+ with the lipid vesicles prepared of a mixed-chain palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (POPC) at 25°C. The structural parameters of the POPC bilayer, such as the bilayer thickness, lateral area, and volume per lipid, displayed no changes upon the ion addition at concentrations up to 30 mM and minor changes at > 30 mM Ca2+ and Mg2+, while some decrease in the vesicle radius was observed over the entire concentration range studied. This examination allows us to validate the concept of lipid–ion interactions governed by the area per lipid suggested previously and to propose the mixed mode of those interactions that emerge in the POPC vesicles. We speculate that the average area per POPC lipid that corresponds to the cutoff length of lipid–ion interactions generates an equal but opposite impact on ion bridges and separate lipid–ion pairs. As a result of the dynamic equilibrium, the overall structural properties of bilayers are not affected. As the molecular mechanism proposed is affected by the structural properties of a particular lipid, it might help us to understand the fundamentals of processes occurring in complex multicomponent membrane systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Kurakin
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Oleksandr Ivankov
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - Vadim Skoi
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudnyi, Russia
| | - Alexander Kuklin
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudnyi, Russia
| | - Daniela Uhríková
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Norbert Kučerka
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
- *Correspondence: Norbert Kučerka,
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ye J, Wang Y, Li X, Wan Q, Zhang Y, Lu L. Synergistic Antifungal Effect of a Combination of Iron Deficiency and Calcium Supplementation. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0112122. [PMID: 35674440 PMCID: PMC9241635 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01121-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal diseases have become a major public health issue worldwide. Increasing drug resistance and the limited number of available antifungals result in high morbidity and mortality. Metal-based drugs have been reported to be therapeutic agents against major protozoan diseases, but knowledge of their ability to function as antifungals is limited. In this study, we found that calcium supplementation combined with iron deficiency causes dramatic growth inhibition of the human fungal pathogens Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, and Cryptococcus neoformans. Calcium induces the downregulation of iron uptake-related genes and, in particular, causes a decrease in the expression of the transcription factor HapX, which tends to transcriptionally activate siderophore-mediated iron acquisition under iron-deficient conditions. Iron deficiency causes calcium overload and the overproduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and perturbed ion homeostasis suppresses fungal growth. These phenomena are consistently identified in azole-resistant A. fumigatus isolates. The findings here imply that low iron availability lets cells mistakenly absorb calcium as a substitute, causing calcium abnormalities. Thus, there is a mutual effect between iron and calcium in fungal pathogens, and the combination of calcium with an iron chelator could serve to improve antifungal therapy. IMPORTANCE Millions of immunocompromised people are at a higher risk of developing different types of severe fungal diseases. The limited number of antifungals and the emergence of antimicrobial resistance highlight an urgent need for new strategies against invasive fungal infections. Here, we report that calcium can interfere with iron absorption of fungal pathogens, especially in iron-limited environments. Thus, a combination of calcium supplementation with an iron chelator inhibits the growth of human fungal pathogens, including Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, and Cryptococcus neoformans. Moreover, we demonstrate that iron deficiency induces a nonspecific calcium uptake response, which results in toxic levels of metal. Findings in this study suggest that a microenvironment with excess calcium and limited iron is an efficient strategy to curb the growth of fungal pathogens, especially for drug-resistant isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yamei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinyi Wan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanwei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Effect of Admission Serum Calcium Levels and Length of Stay in Patients with Acute Pancreatitis: Data from the MIMIC-III Database. Emerg Med Int 2022; 2022:4275283. [PMID: 35769519 PMCID: PMC9236806 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4275283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. We retrospectively investigated the effect of admission serum calcium levels on length of stay (LOS) in patients hospitalized with acute pancreatitis (AP). Methods. Clinical data for 3156 patients diagnosed with AP were obtained from the Multiparametric Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) database. Restricted cubic spline curve (RCS) functions of dose-response analysis curves and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship between admission serum calcium levels and the LOS. Results. All patients were divided into 2 groups (<8.5 mg/dl group and ≥8.5 mg/dl group) based on RCS analysis. RCS showed a significant nonlinear negative correlation between blood calcium levels and the LOS (
). In addition, compared with patients with blood calcium <8.5 mg/dl, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that patients with blood calcium ≥8.5 mg/dl had a reduced risk of the LOS >2 days (aOR = 0.653; 95% CI 0.507–0.842;
), a reduced risk of the LOS >5 days (aOR = 0.589; 95% CI 0.503–0.689;
), and a reduced risk of the LOS >7 days (aOR = 0.515; 95% CI 0.437–0.609;
). And similar results were found in the subgroup analysis. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that low blood calcium increases the LOS in patients with AP. More attention is needed for patients with combined low blood calcium levels (<8.5 mg/dl) in hospitalized AP patients.
Collapse
|
39
|
Association of Thiazide Use in Patients with Hypertension with Overall Fracture Risk: A Population-Based Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11123304. [PMID: 35743377 PMCID: PMC9225296 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11123304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiazide diuretics have long been widely used as antihypertensive agents. In addition to reducing blood pressure, thiazides also control calcium homeostasis and increase bone density. We hypothesized that the use of thiazides in patients with hypertension would reduce overall fracture risk. We used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to find patients with a hypertension diagnosis who accepted antihypertensive treatment from 2000 to 2017. The patients were further classified into thiazide users and nonthiazide users. Multivariable Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were performed to estimate the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and cumulative probability of fractures. After 1:1 propensity score matching by sex, age, urbanization level of place of residence, income, comorbidities, and medications, there were 18,483 paired thiazide users and non-users, respectively. The incidence densities of fractures (per 1000 person-months) were 1.82 (95% CI: 1.76-1.89) and 1.99 (95% CI: 1.92-2.06) in the thiazide and nonthiazide groups, respectively. The results indicated a lower hazard ratio for fractures in thiazide users (aHR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88-0.98). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a significantly lower cumulative incidence of fractures in the thiazide group (log-rank test; p = 0.0012). In conclusion, our results reveal that thiazide use can reduce fracture risk. When antihypertensive agents are being considered, thiazide may be a better choice if the patient is at heightened risk of fracture.
Collapse
|
40
|
Effect of Harvesting in Different Ripening Stages on the Content of the Mineral Elements of Rosehip (Rosa spp.) Fruit Flesh. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8060467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Studies on the mineral content of different rosehip species/cultivars during the ripening period are very limited. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the content and composition of the mineral elements of two species and two rosehip cultivars growing on an organic farm. The rosehip fruits were harvested at different ripening stages, five time per season. Mineral composition (K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Na, Ti, Cu, B, Mn, Al, Zn, Cr, Co, Ni, As, Mo, Cd and Pb) was analyzed by means inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP–MS). The results showed that the ripening stage and species/cultivars had an effect on the contents of the mineral elements. Significantly, the highest content of mineral elements was determined at ripening stage I (Ca, Mg, Ti, Mn, Al and Cr) and IV (K, P, Fe, Cu and B). Species of the Rosa canina accumulated the highest content of mineral elements. Correlation analysis showed that the hue angle had a positive and very strong relationship with six mineral elements: K (r = 0.909), Ca (r = 0.962), Mg (r = 0.965), P (r = 0.945), Fe (r = 0.929) and Ti (r = 0.944).
Collapse
|
41
|
Bio-electrochemical inter-molecular impedance sensing (Bio-EI2S) at calcium-calmodulin interface induced at Au-electrode surface. J Solid State Electrochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-022-05169-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
42
|
Yang C, Weiss AS, Tarakanova A. Changes in elastin structure and extensibility induced by hypercalcemia and hyperglycemia. Acta Biomater 2022; 163:131-145. [PMID: 35364318 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Elastin is a key elastomeric protein responsible for the elasticity of many organs, including heart, skin, and blood vessels. Due to its intrinsic long life and low turnover rate, damage in elastin induced by pathophysiological conditions, such as hypercalcemia and hyperglycemia, accumulates during biological aging and in aging-associated diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. Prior studies have shown that calcification induced by hypercalcemia deteriorates the function of aortic tissues. Glycation of elastin is triggered by hyperglycemia and associated with elastic tissue damage and loss of mechanical functions via the accumulation of advanced glycation end products. To evaluate the effects on elastin's structural conformations and elasticity by hypercalcemia and hyperglycemia at the molecular scale, we perform classical atomistic and steered molecular dynamics simulations on tropoelastin, the soluble precursor of elastin, under different conditions. We characterize the interaction sites of glucose and calcium and associated structural conformational changes. Additionally, we find that elevated levels of calcium ions and glucose hinder the extensibility of tropoelastin by rearranging structural domains and altering hydrogen bonding patterns, respectively. Overall, our investigation helps to reveal the behavior of tropoelastin and the biomechanics of elastin biomaterials in these physiological environments. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Elastin is a key component of elastic fibers which endow many important tissues and organs, from arteries and veins, to skin and heart, with strength and elasticity. During aging and aging-associated diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis, physicochemical stressors, including hypercalcemia and hyperglycemia, induce accumulated irreversible damage in elastin, and consequently alter mechanical function. Yet, molecular mechanisms associated with these processes are still poorly understood. Here, we present the first study on how these changes in elastin structure and extensibility are induced by hypercalcemia and hyperglycemia at the molecular scale, revealing the essential roles that calcium and glucose play in triggering structural alterations and mechanical stiffness. Our findings yield critical insights into the first steps of hypercalcemia- and hyperglycemia-mediated aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengeng Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Anthony S Weiss
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anna Tarakanova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Alkaltham MS, Musa Özcan M, Uslu N, Salamatullah AM, Hayat K. Changes in antioxidant activity, phenolic compounds, fatty acids, and mineral contents of raw, germinated, and boiled lentil seeds. J Food Sci 2022; 87:1639-1649. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Saeed Alkaltham
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehmet Musa Özcan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture Selcuk University Konya Turkey
| | - Nurhan Uslu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture Selcuk University Konya Turkey
| | - Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Khizar Hayat
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Laranjeira T, Costa A, Faria-Silva C, Ribeiro D, de Oliveira JMPF, Simões S, Ascenso A. Sustainable Valorization of Tomato By-Products to Obtain Bioac-Tive Compounds: Their Potential in Inflammation and Cancer Management. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051701. [PMID: 35268802 PMCID: PMC8911995 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tomato producing and processing industries present undoubted potential for industrial discarded products valorization whether due to the overproduction of fresh tomatoes or to the loss during processing. Although tomato by-products are not yet considered a raw material, several studies have suggested innovative and profitable applications. It is often referred to as “tomato pomace” and is quite rich in a variety of bioactive compounds. Lycopene, vitamin C, β-carotene, phenolic compounds, and tocopherol are some of the bioactives herein discussed. Tomato by-products are also rich in minerals. Many of these compounds are powerful antioxidants with anti-inflammatory properties besides modulating the immune system. Several researchers have focused on the possible application of natural ingredients, especially those extracted from foods, and their physiological and pharmacological effects. Herein, the effects of processing and further applications of the bioactive compounds present in tomato by-products were carefully reviewed, especially regarding the anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. The aim of this review was thus to highlight the existing opportunities to create profitable and innovative applications for tomato by-products in health context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Laranjeira
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Ana Costa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.C.); (C.F.-S.)
| | - Catarina Faria-Silva
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.C.); (C.F.-S.)
| | - Daniela Ribeiro
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (D.R.); (J.M.P.F.d.O.)
- Faculty of Agrarian Sciences and Environment, University of the Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
| | - José Miguel P. Ferreira de Oliveira
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (D.R.); (J.M.P.F.d.O.)
| | - Sandra Simões
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.C.); (C.F.-S.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Andreia Ascenso
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.C.); (C.F.-S.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (A.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Novel bidentate β-glutamic acid-based bone-targeting agents for in vivo bone imaging. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
46
|
Nutrient, phytonutrient and antioxidant potential of selected underutilized nutri-cereal brans. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
47
|
Ljubic A, Thulesen ET, Jacobsen C, Jakobsen J. UVB exposure stimulates production of vitamin D3 in selected microalgae. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
48
|
Irsik DL, Bollag WB, Isales CM. Renal Contributions to Age-Related Changes in Mineral Metabolism. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10517. [PMID: 34693188 PMCID: PMC8520061 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging results in a general decline in function in most systems. This is particularly true with respect to the skeleton and renal systems, impacting mineral homeostasis. Calcium and phosphate regulation requires tight coordination among the intestine, bone, parathyroid gland, and kidney. The role of the intestine is to absorb calcium and phosphate from the diet. The bone stores or releases calcium and phosphate depending on the body's needs. In response to low plasma ionized calcium concentration, the parathyroid gland produces parathyroid hormone, which modulates bone turnover. The kidney reabsorbs or excretes the minerals and serves as the final regulator of plasma concentration. Many hormones are involved in this process in addition to parathyroid hormone, including fibroblast growth factor 23 produced by the bone and calcitriol synthesized by the kidney. Sclerostin, calcitonin, osteoprotegerin, and receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand also contribute to tissue‐specific regulation. Changes in the function of organs due to aging or disease can perturb this balance. During aging, the intestine cannot absorb calcium efficiently due to decreased expression of key proteins. In the bone, the balance between bone formation and bone resorption tends toward the latter in older individuals. The kidney may not filter blood as efficiently in the later decades of life, and the expression of certain proteins necessary for mineral homeostasis declines with age. These changes often lead to dysregulation of organismal mineral homeostasis. This review will focus on how mineral homeostasis is impacted by aging with a particular emphasis on the kidney's role in this process. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debra L Irsik
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center Augusta GA USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine Augusta University Augusta GA USA
| | - Wendy B Bollag
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center Augusta GA USA.,Department of Physiology Augusta University Augusta GA USA
| | - Carlos M Isales
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine Augusta University Augusta GA USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine Augusta University Augusta GA USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kovrlija I, Locs J, Loca D. Incorporation of Barium Ions into Biomaterials: Dangerous Liaison or Potential Revolution? MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:5772. [PMID: 34640168 PMCID: PMC8510018 DOI: 10.3390/ma14195772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present manuscript, a brief overview on barium, its possible utilization, and the aftermath of its behavior in organisms has been presented. As a bivalent cation, barium has the potential to be used in a myriad of biochemical reactions. A number of studies have exhibited both the unwanted outcome barium displayed and the advantages of barium laden compounds, tested in in vitro and in vivo settings. The plethora of prospective manipulations covered the area of hydrogels and calcium phosphates, with an end goal of examining barium's future in the tissue engineering. However, majority of data revert to the research conducted in the 20th century, without investigating the mechanisms of action using current state-of-the-art technology. Having this in mind, set of questions that are needed for possible future research arose. Can barium be used as a substitute for other biologically relevant divalent cations? Will the incorporation of barium ions hamper the execution of the essential processes in the organism? Most importantly, can the benefits outweigh the harm?
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilijana Kovrlija
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovation and Development Centre, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Riga Technical University, Pulka 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (I.K.); (J.L.)
| | - Janis Locs
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovation and Development Centre, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Riga Technical University, Pulka 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (I.K.); (J.L.)
- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Kaļķu Street 1, LV-1658 Riga, Latvia
| | - Dagnija Loca
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovation and Development Centre, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Riga Technical University, Pulka 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (I.K.); (J.L.)
- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Kaļķu Street 1, LV-1658 Riga, Latvia
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Long J, Teng B, Zhang W, Li L, Zhang M, Chen Y, Yao Z, Meng X, Wang X, Qin L, Lai Y. Preclinical evaluation of acute systemic toxicity of magnesium incorporated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) porous scaffolds by three-dimensional printing. BIOMATERIALS TRANSLATIONAL 2021; 2:272-284. [PMID: 35836655 PMCID: PMC9255806 DOI: 10.12336/biomatertransl.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymer scaffolds combined with bioactive components which accelerate osteogenesis and angiogenesis have promise for use in clinical bone defect repair. The preclinical acute toxicity evaluation is an essential assay of implantable biomaterials to assess the biosafety for accelerating clinical translation. We have successfully developed magnesium (Mg) particles and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) for incorporation into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) porous composite scaffolds (PTM) using low-temperature rapid prototyping three-dimensional-printing technology. The PTM scaffolds have been fully evaluated and found to exhibit excellent osteogenic capacity for bone defect repair. The preclinical evaluation of acute systemic toxicities is essential and important for development of porous scaffolds to facilitate their clinical translation. In this study, acute systemic toxicity of the PTM scaffolds was evaluated in mice by intraperitoneal injection of the extract solutions of the scaffolds. PTM composite scaffolds with different Mg and β-TCP content (denoted as PT5M, PT10M, and PT15M) were extracted with different tissue culture media, including normal saline, phosphate-buffered saline , and serum-free minimum essential medium , to create the extract solutions. The evaluation was carried out following the National Standard. The acute toxicity was fully evaluated through the collection of extensive data, including serum/organs ion concentration, fluorescence staining, and in vivo median lethal dose measurement. Mg in major organs (heart, liver, and lung), and Mg ion concentrations in serum of mice, after intraperitoneal injection of the extract solutions, were measured and showed that the extract solutions of PT15M caused significant elevation of serum Mg ion concentrations, which exceeded the safety threshold and led to the death of the mice. In contrast, the extract solutions of PT5M and PT10M scaffolds did not cause the death of the injected mice. The median lethal dose of Mg ions in vivo for mice was determined for the first time in this study to be 110.66 mg/kg, and the safety level of serum magnesium toxicity in mice is 5.4 mM, while the calcium serum safety level is determined as 3.4 mM. The study was approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (approval No. SIAT-IRB-170401-YGS-LYX-A0346) on April 5, 2017. All these results showed that the Mg ion concentration of intraperitoneally-injected extract solutions was a determinant of mouse survival, and a high Mg ion concentration (more than 240 mM) was the pivotal factor contributing to the death of the mice, while changes in pH value showed a negligible effect. The comprehensive acute systemic toxicity evaluation for PTM porous composite scaffolds in this study provided a reference to guide the design and optimization of this composite scaffold and the results demonstrated the preclinical safety of the as-fabricated PTM scaffold with appropriate Mg content, strongly supporting the official registration process of the PTM scaffold as a medical device for clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Long
- Centre for Translational Medicine and Research and Development, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bin Teng
- Centre for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Centre for Translational Medicine and Research and Development, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Long Li
- Centre for Translational Medicine and Research and Development, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China,Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Biomaterials Additive Manufacturing, Guangdong, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Biomaterials Additive Manufacturing, Guangdong, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yingqi Chen
- Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Biomaterials Additive Manufacturing, Guangdong, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhenyu Yao
- Centre for Translational Medicine and Research and Development, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiangbo Meng
- Centre for Translational Medicine and Research and Development, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinluan Wang
- Centre for Translational Medicine and Research and Development, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Centre for Translational Medicine and Research and Development, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yuxiao Lai
- Centre for Translational Medicine and Research and Development, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China,Centre for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China,Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China,Corresponding author: Yuxiao Lai,
| |
Collapse
|