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Cohen JF, Ward KM, Gittleman J, Perez E, Pia T, Shuter J, Weinberger AH, Sulkowski M. Hepatitis C and cigarette smoking behavior: Themes from focus groups. Nicotine Tob Res 2024:ntae032. [PMID: 38422381 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntae032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION People with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV; PWHC) use cigarettes at a much higher prevalence than other individuals, and smoking can exacerbate the harms specifically related to HCV (e.g., hepatocellular carcinoma). Little is known about factors related to cigarette use among PWHC. This study examined focus group data to explore beliefs and behaviors related to cigarette use among PWHC. METHODS Qualitative data from two focus groups of PWHC reporting current cigarette smoking (n=15, 60% male) were collected using a semi-structured interview guide. Participants were asked about reasons for smoking, barriers to quitting smoking, and the relationship of HCV to smoking. Focus groups were transcribed verbatim and coded in NVivo 12. Four coders examined themes that arose in the focus groups. Common themes are described and supported with quotes. RESULTS Reasons for smoking included addiction to cigarettes, stress, substituting cigarettes for other drugs, and social norms, while reasons for quitting included health and being free from the use of all drugs. Barriers to quitting included concerns about coping with stress, weight gain, and having a lack of support for and education about quitting. Many participants believed there was a link between smoking and HCV and discussed smoking in relation to the stress of an HCV diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Participants identified both HCV-related and non-HCV-related aspects of cigarette smoking and cessation-related behaviors that could be targeted in cessation treatment. More research is needed to identify the best treatment approaches that reduce the significant medical consequences of cigarette use among PWHC. IMPLICATIONS People with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV; PWHC) smoke cigarettes at a high prevalence, yet little is known about their smoking behaviors. Moreover, there are no cessation treatments targeting PWHC. This is the first study to collect focus group data from PWHC who smoke in order to identify reasons for cigarette use (HCV-related and non-HCV-related), and motivators and barriers to quitting cigarettes. PWHC report using cigarettes to cope with the stress of an HCV diagnosis and to celebrate HCV cure. These findings suggest there are specific times during the HCV care continuum where providers can aid with cessation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia F Cohen
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York USA
| | - Kathleen M Ward
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland USA
- Department of Community Health and Prevention, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA
| | - Jennifer Gittleman
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York USA
| | - Esther Perez
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York USA
| | - Tyler Pia
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York USA
| | - Jonathan Shuter
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York USA
- AIDS Center and Division of Infectious Diseases, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York USA
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health and Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York USA
| | - Mark Sulkowski
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland USA
- Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland USA
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Kypriotakis G, Bernstein SL, Bold KW, Dziura JD, Hedeker D, Mermelstein RJ, Weinberger AH. An introduction and practical guide to strategies for analyzing longitudinal data in clinical trials of smoking cessation treatment: Beyond dichotomous point-prevalence outcomes. Nicotine Tob Res 2024:ntae005. [PMID: 38214037 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntae005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Conceptualizing tobacco dependence as a chronic relapsing condition suggests the need to use analytic strategies that reflect that premise. However, clinical trials for smoking cessation typically define the primary endpoint as a measure of abstinence at a single timepoint distal to the intervention, typically 3-12 months. This reinforces the concept of tobacco outcomes as a dichotomous state-one is, or is not, abstinent. Fortunately, there are several approaches available to handle longitudinal data that reflect the relapsing and remitting nature of tobacco use during treatment studies. In this paper, sponsored by the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco's Treatment Research Network, we present an introductory overview of these techniques and their application in smoking cessation clinical trials. Topics discussed include models to examine abstinence outcomes (e.g., trajectory models of abstinence, models for transitions in smoking behavior, models for time to event), models that examine reductions in tobacco use, and models to examine joint outcomes (e.g., examining changes in use of more than one tobacco product). Finally, we discuss three additional relevant topics (i.e., heterogeneity of effects, handling missing data, power and sample size) and provide summary information about the type of model that can be used based on the type of data collected and the focus of the study. We encourage investigators to familiarize themselves with these techniques and use them in the analysis of data from clinical trials of smoking cessation treatment. IMPLICATIONS: Clinical trials of tobacco dependence treatment typically measure abstinence 3-12 months after participant enrollment. However, because smoking is a chronic relapsing condition, these measures of intervention success may not accurately reflect the common trajectories of tobacco abstinence and relapse. Several analytical techniques facilitate this type of outcome modeling. This paper is meant to be an introduction to these concepts and techniques to the global nicotine and tobacco research community including which techniques can be used for different research questions with visual summaries of which types of models can be used for different types of data and research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Kypriotakis
- Department of Behavioral Science, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Steven L Bernstein
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Public Health, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
| | - Krysten W Bold
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - James D Dziura
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Public Health, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
| | - Donald Hedeker
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Robin J Mermelstein
- Department of Psychology and Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences and Epidemiology & Population Health, Yeshiva University Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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Choi BM, Weinberger AH, Petersen N, Pang RD, DeVito EE, Bell ML, Allen AM. Association of e-Cigarette Use and Postpartum Depression: Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System 2016-2019. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2024; 33:45-51. [PMID: 37944112 PMCID: PMC10794836 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2023.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a prevalent public health concern. Combustible cigarette use is associated with increased risk of PPD. While electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use during pregnancy is linked to increased risk of depressive symptoms during pregnancy, the relationship between e-cigarette use and PPD is not well understood. We sought to examine the association of e-cigarette use with PPD. Materials and Methods: Using Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System 2016-2019 data, unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses for PPD were conducted via three analyses where e-cigarette use (any vs. none) was retrospectively self-reported (1) in past 2-year, (2) prepregnancy (i.e., 3 months before pregnancy), and (3) during pregnancy (i.e., last 3 months of pregnancy). We conducted an additional past 2-year e-cigarette use analysis excluding those who used combustible cigarette and/or hookah. Covariates included age, race, ethnicity, combustible cigarette, and/or hookah use, prenatal care during the last trimester, health insurance coverage during pregnancy, physical abuse during pregnancy, income, and survey type. Results: Only unadjusted odds ratios from past 2-year e-cigarette use (1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.42-1.87) and past 2-year e-cigarette use excluding individuals with cigarette and/or hookah use (1.78, 95% CI: 1.30-2.38) were statistically associated with PPD. No adjusted analyses were statistically significant. Conclusion: Any e-cigarette use, as compared to no use, does not appear to be an independent risk factor of PPD, though it may be a useful clinical marker of increased risk of PPD. Future studies are warranted to advance our knowledge of impact of e-cigarette use on PPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana M. Choi
- Center for Health Outcomes and PharmacoEconomic Research, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Andrea H. Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Nicole Petersen
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Raina D. Pang
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Elise E. DeVito
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Melanie L. Bell
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Alicia M. Allen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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Parker MA, Cruz-Cano R, Streck JM, Ballis E, Weinberger AH. Incidence of opioid misuse by cigarette smoking status in the United States. Addict Behav 2023; 147:107837. [PMID: 37659270 PMCID: PMC10529804 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combination of opioid misuse and cigarette smoking contributes to increased morbidity and mortality compared to each substance use alone. We estimated the incidence of opioid misuse for persons who currently or formerly smoked versus never smoked. METHODS Data came from the 2015-2020 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health cross-sectional surveys of US civilians aged 12+ (n = 315,661). Weighted opioid misuse incidence and average time between cigarette use initiation and opioid misuse initiation were calculated annually by smoking status. Logistic regression models tested time trends in incidence by smoking status. RESULTS Overall, 0.75% of persons initiated opioid misuse per year; opioid misuse incidence was 1.35% for those who currently smoked cigarettes, 0.54% for those who formerly smoked, and 0.67% for those who never smoked. For persons who currently smoked and misused opioids (1.50%), 95.08% smoked prior to opioid use. The average time between smoking followed by opioid misuse was 12.93 years and for opioid misuse followed by smoking was 4.36 years. Persons who currently smoked were more likely to initiate opioid misuse than those who had never smoked (AOR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.60, 2.06). There was a decrease in the opioid misuse incidence over time (AOR = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.85, 0.92), which did not differ by smoking status. CONCLUSIONS Persons who currently smoked cigarettes, relative to those who never smoked, were more likely to initiate opioid misuse. As most individuals smoked before opioid misuse, it may be useful for primary prevention efforts to decrease opioid misuse initiation by focusing on smoking status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Parker
- Indiana University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Bloomington, IN, USA.
| | - Raul Cruz-Cano
- Indiana University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Joanna M Streck
- Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Division of General Internal Medicine Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eleni Ballis
- Indiana University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA; Departments of Epidemiology & Population Health and Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Shuter J, Weinberger AH, Kahan A, Duitz D, Duitz J, Chander G, Kim RS, Stanton CA. People with HIV who smoke cigarettes non-daily. AIDS Care 2023; 35:1768-1774. [PMID: 36924135 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2023.2188161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a leading cause of mortality in people with HIV (PWH) in the United States (US). A rising proportion of US tobacco users smoke non-daily, a phenomenon that is common among PWH. PWH who smoke non-daily may be attractive targets for cessation efforts, and, thus, a fuller understanding of non-daily smoking in PWH is important. We merged datasets from two randomized controlled tobacco treatment trials for PWH conducted in three cities from 2014-2020. The final dataset included 872 PWH. We analyzed sociodemographic characteristics and behavioral measures, such as nicotine dependence, motivation to quit, anxiety, and other substance use for associations with non-daily smoking, and we assessed non-daily smoking as a predictor of cessation. 13.4% of the sample smoked non-daily. In multivariable analyses, non-White race, higher anxiety, and higher motivation to quit were associated with non-daily smoking. PWH who smoked non-daily had 2.14 times the odds of those who smoked daily of quitting at six-months (95% C.I.:1.30-3.51, P=0.002). PWH who smoke non-daily differ in some demographic and behavioral characteristics from those who smoke daily. PWH reporting non-daily smoking were more likely to quit in our trials and targeting them should be a priority of future cessation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Shuter
- Montefiore Medical Center AIDS Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Abner Kahan
- Macaulay Honors College at Hunter College, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Duitz
- Salanter Akiba Riverdale High School, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jack Duitz
- Salanter Akiba Riverdale High School, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Ryung S Kim
- Montefiore Medical Center AIDS Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Seng EK, Weinberger AH. Understanding the links between airborne hazards and headache disorders. Headache 2023; 63:1337-1338. [PMID: 37882325 PMCID: PMC10841836 DOI: 10.1111/head.14648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K Seng
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York, New York, USA
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Veterans Health Administration Headache Centers of Excellence, Orange, Connecticut, USA
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York, New York, USA
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Agterberg S, Weinberger AH, Stanton CA, Shuter J. Perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and cigarette smoking behaviors among a sample of people with HIV. J Behav Med 2023; 46:801-811. [PMID: 36864228 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-023-00401-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
This study was a secondary analysis of baseline data from a clinical trial of an intensive group-based smoking cessation treatment for people with HIV (PWH) who smoke. It examined the cross-sectional relationship between perceived ethnic discrimination (PED) and cigarette smoking variables (i.e., nicotine dependence, motivation to quit smoking, self-efficacy to quit smoking) among PWH and explored whether depressive symptoms mediated the relationship between PED and smoking variables. Participants (N = 442; Mage = 50.6; 52.8% Male; 56.3% Black, non-Hispanic; 6.3% White, non-Hispanic; 13.3% Hispanic; 87.7% unemployed; 81.6% single) completed measures of demographics, cigarette smoking, depressive symptoms, and PED. Greater PED was related to lower self-efficacy to quit smoking, greater perceived stress, and greater depressive symptoms. In addition, depressive symptoms mediated the relationship between PED and two cigarette smoking variables (i.e., nicotine dependence, self-efficacy to quit smoking). Findings highlight the need for smoking interventions to target PED, self-efficacy, and depressive symptoms to improve smoking cessation variables among PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Agterberg
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, 1165 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, 1165 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Cassandra A Stanton
- Westat, Rockville, MD, USA
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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Yazdan R, Corey K, Messer SJ, Kim EH, Roberts KE, Selwyn PA, Weinberger AH. Hospital-Based Interventions to Address Provider Grief: A Narrative Review. J Pain Symptom Manage 2023; 66:e85-e107. [PMID: 36898638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Provider grief, i.e., grief related to the death of patients, often forms an ongoing and profound stressor impacting healthcare providers' ability to maintain their sense of well-being, avoid feeling overwhelmed, and sustain quality and compassionate patient care over time. OBJECTIVES This narrative review presents findings on the types of interventions hospitals have offered to physicians and nurses to address provider grief. METHODS Searches of PubMed and PsycINFO were conducted for articles (e.g., research studies, program descriptions and evaluations) focused on hospital-based interventions to help physicians and nurses cope with their own grief. RESULTS Twenty-nine articles met inclusion criteria. The most common adult clinical areas were oncology (n = 6), intensive care (n = 6), and internal medicine (n = 3), while eight articles focused on pediatric settings. Nine articles featured education interventions, including instructional education programs and critical incident debriefing sessions. Twenty articles discussed psychosocial support interventions, including emotional processing debriefing sessions, creative arts interventions, support groups, and retreats. A majority of participants reported that interventions were helpful in facilitating reflection, grieving, closure, stress relief, team cohesion, and improved end-of-life care, yet mixed results were found related to interventions' effects on reducing provider grief to a statistically significant degree. CONCLUSION Providers largely reported benefits from grief-focused interventions, yet research was sparse and evaluation methodologies were heterogenous, making it difficult to generalize findings. Given the known impact provider grief can have on the individual and organizational levels, it is important to expand providers' access to grief-focused services and to increase evidence-based research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Yazdan
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University (R.Y., S.J.M., E.H.K., K.E.R., A.H.W.), Bronx, New York, USA; Department of Family & Social Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine (R.Y., K.C., P.A.S), Bronx, New York, USA.
| | - Kristen Corey
- Department of Family & Social Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine (R.Y., K.C., P.A.S), Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Sylvie J Messer
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University (R.Y., S.J.M., E.H.K., K.E.R., A.H.W.), Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Emily H Kim
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University (R.Y., S.J.M., E.H.K., K.E.R., A.H.W.), Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Kailey E Roberts
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University (R.Y., S.J.M., E.H.K., K.E.R., A.H.W.), Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Peter A Selwyn
- Department of Family & Social Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine (R.Y., K.C., P.A.S), Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University (R.Y., S.J.M., E.H.K., K.E.R., A.H.W.), Bronx, New York, USA; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (A.H.W.), Bronx, New York, USA; Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (A.H.W.), Bronx, New York, USA
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Pang RD, Wang SD, Tucker CJ, Zadoorian L, Weinberger AH, D'Orazio L, Kirkpatrick MG. Emotion regulation expectancies and smoking cessation factors: A daily diary study of California adults who smoke cigarettes during a practice quit attempt. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 245:109810. [PMID: 36857842 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Cross-sectional studies have shown that greater cigarette smoking-related emotion regulation expectancies were associated with retrospectively reported withdrawal during prior quit attempts and greater barriers to cessation. Few studies have investigated the relationship of within-person daily emotion regulation expectancies to factors related to initiating and maintaining a brief quit attempt. METHODS People living in California who smoked cigarettes daily (n = 220, 50 % female; 48.5 % white, 14.6 % Hispanic, 16.7 % Black or African American, 9.6 % Asian, 7.6 % Multi-race, 3.0 % other race; mean age=43.71 years old) completed a practice quit attempt and 28-days of daily diary surveys. In the morning, participants reported non-smoking and smoking emotion regulation expectancies based on the Affective Processing Questionnaire, daily abstinence plan, abstinence self-efficacy, and cigarettes smoked. Successful abstinence plans were calculated as days with an abstinence plan and no cigarettes smoked. Multilevel models investigated whether within-person emotion regulation expectancies were associated with abstinence plan, self-efficacy, and successful abstinence plan. RESULTS Greater within-person non-smoking emotion regulation expectancies were associated with increased odds of having an abstinence plan, higher self-efficacy, and a successful abstinence plan on a given day (ps < .05). Greater within-person smoking emotion regulation expectancies were associated with lower odds of having an abstinence plan and lower self-efficacy (ps < .001) but did not significantly associate with a successful abstinence plan. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that within-person levels of expectations in emotion regulation abilities may contribute to factors relevant to initiating and achieving daily abstinence during a practice attempt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raina D Pang
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N. Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, 3620 McClintock Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Shirlene D Wang
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N. Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Chyna J Tucker
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N. Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; Department of Social Welfare, University of California, Los Angeles, 3250 Public Affairs Building, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Lori Zadoorian
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N. Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, 1165 Morris Park Ave. Rousso Building, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Lina D'Orazio
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, 1520 San Pablo St., Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Matthew G Kirkpatrick
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 N. Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, 3620 McClintock Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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Goodwin RD, Ganz O, Weinberger AH, Smith PH, Wyka K, Delnevo CD. Menthol Cigarette Use Among Adults Who Smoke Cigarettes, 2008-2020: Rapid Growth and Widening Inequities in the United States. Nicotine Tob Res 2023; 25:692-698. [PMID: 36223889 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntac214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In April 2021, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced its intention to issue a product standard banning menthol as a characterizing flavor in cigarettes. Given the potential relevance of national estimates of menthol use to pending legislation, this study estimated the prevalence of menthol use among U.S. adults who smoke cigarettes in 2020 and investigated changes in menthol use from 2008 to 2019 by sociodemographics, mental health, and substance use. AIMS AND METHODS Nationally representative annual, cross-sectional data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, which included participants ages 18 years and older residing in the United States from 2008 to 2019 and the 2020. Data were analyzed using logistic and linear regression models to estimate trends in menthol use among adults who smoke cigarettes by sociodemographic, mental health and substance use variables (total analytic sample 2008-2019 n = 128 327). RESULTS In 2020, 43.4% of adults who smoked cigarettes in the past month used menthol. Menthol use was most common among black adults (80%) and over 50% of those Hispanic, female, young (ages 18-34 years), lesbian/gay, with serious psychological distress, and with cigar use used menthol. Menthol use increased among adults who used cigarettes from 2008 to 2019, overall, and grew more rapidly among adults ages 26-34 years, Hispanic, light cigarette use (1-5 per day), and those who smoked cigars. CONCLUSIONS Menthol use has increased among U.S. adults who smoke cigarettes over the past decade. Enacting menthol bans could have a widespread public health impact, especially among younger and minoritized groups. IMPLICATIONS Menthol cigarette use increased among individuals who smoke cigarettes from 2008 to 2019 in the United States. In 2020, over 40% of smokers used menthol, and menthol use was considerably higher among adult smokers from racial/ethnic minoritized groups, who were younger and who reported mental health problems. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration seeks to ban menthol as a characterizing flavor in cigarettes; our results suggest that such a ban is likely to have a wide-ranging impact on public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee D Goodwin
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ollie Ganz
- Center for Tobacco Studies, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Health Behavior, Society and Policy, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Philip H Smith
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition, and Health, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Katarzyna Wyka
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cristine D Delnevo
- Center for Tobacco Studies, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Health Behavior, Society and Policy, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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11
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Shpigel DM, Gittleman JM, Estey D, Birchwale JT, Rosensweig SR, Sullivan D, Lalani S, De La Fuente A, Mercedes E, Weinberger AH. Psychosocial and psychiatric-related stress and cigarette smoking among Black and Latinx adults with psychiatric disorders. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2023; 22:260-284. [PMID: 34139960 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2021.1938328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
While the cigarette smoking prevalence in the United States has decreased, smoking disparities persist for individuals with psychiatric disorders and individuals who identify as racial/ethnic minorities. These groups also experience higher levels of psychosocial stress. This study was the first to examine the relationship between psychosocial and psychiatric-related stressors and cigarette smoking status in a sample of Black and Latinx adults with psychiatric illness. Stress associated with friend strain, lifetime discrimination, and attending appointments for psychotropic medication management were associated with cigarette smoking. The present results have implications for integrating smoking cessation interventions into mental health treatment settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M Shpigel
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Bronx, New York.,Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - David Estey
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Bronx, New York
| | | | - Shayna Rabin Rosensweig
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Bronx, New York.,Fairleigh Dickinson University, Teaneck, New Jersey
| | | | - Shama Lalani
- Lincoln Hospital, Bronx, New York.,BronxCare Health System, Bronx, New York
| | - Angelica De La Fuente
- Lincoln Hospital, Bronx, New York.,New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Enmanuel Mercedes
- Lincoln Hospital, Bronx, New York.,Zufall Health Center, West Orange, New Jersey
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Bronx, New York.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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12
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Goodwin RD, Wyka K, Luo M, Weinberger AH, Kattan M. Cannabis legalization and childhood asthma in the United States: An ecologic analysis. Prev Med 2022; 170:107414. [PMID: 36592675 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cannabis use is increasing among adults with children in the home particularly in states with cannabis legalization for medical (MCL) and/or recreational use (RCL), relative to states where cannabis use remains illegal at the state level. Exposure to secondhand smoke is a key risk factor for asthma among children. The objective of the current study was to investigate the relationship between MCL and RCL and the state-level prevalence of asthma among children in the United States (US). This ecological study used data from the 2011-2019 National Survey on Children's Health, a representative sample of the population of minor children in the US. Changes in the annual prevalence of pediatric asthma by RCL/MCL over time were estimated using difference-in-difference (DID) analysis. Overall, a statistically significant decrease of 1.1% in the prevalence of pediatric asthma was observed from 2011 to 2012 to 2018-2019. Adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, overall reductions in asthma over time were generally greater in states with no RCL or recent MCL, but the rate of decline did not differ statistically by RCL/MCL status. Relative to 2011-2012 and to states where cannabis is illegal at the state level, the prevalence of asthma increased among youth 12-17 years old (2018-2019 DID = 2.56, p = .028) and youth in some minoritized race/ethnicity identity groups (2016-2017 DID = 3.88, p = .013 and 2018-2019 DID = 4.45, p = .004) in states with RCL. More research is needed to estimate the potential consequences of increased adult use of cannabis in the community for children's respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee D Goodwin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America.
| | - Katarzyna Wyka
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Man Luo
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Meyer Kattan
- Department of Pediatrics, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America; Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, New York-Presbyterian/Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, New York, NY, United States of America
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13
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Przybyla S, Ashare RL, Cioffi L, Plotnik I, Shuter J, Seng EK, Weinberger AH. Substance Use and Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy among People Living with HIV in the United States. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:tropicalmed7110349. [PMID: 36355891 PMCID: PMC9697670 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7110349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
People with HIV (PWH) report substance use at higher rates than HIV-uninfected individuals. The potential negative impact of single and polysubstance use on HIV treatment among diverse samples of PWH is underexplored. PWH were recruited from the Center for Positive Living at the Montefiore Medical Center (Bronx, NY, USA) from May 2017-April 2018 and completed a cross-sectional survey with measures of substance use, antiretroviral therapy (ART) use, and ART adherence. The overall sample included 237 PWH (54.1% Black, 42.2% female, median age 53 years). Approximately half of the sample reported any current substance use with 23.1% reporting single substance use and 21.4% reporting polysubstance use. Polysubstance use was more prevalent among those with current cigarette smoking relative to those with no current smoking and among females relative to males. Alcohol and cannabis were the most commonly reported polysubstance combination; however, a sizeable proportion of PWH reported other two, three, and four-substance groupings. Single and polysubstance use were associated with lower ART adherence. A thorough understanding of substance use patterns and related adherence challenges may aid with targeted public health interventions to improve HIV care cascade goals, including the integration of substance use prevention into HIV treatment and care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarahmona Przybyla
- Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-716-829-6750
| | - Rebecca L. Ashare
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Loriann Cioffi
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Isabella Plotnik
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Jonathan Shuter
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- AIDS Center and Division of Infectious Diseases, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Elizabeth K. Seng
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- AIDS Center and Division of Infectious Diseases, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Andrea H. Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- AIDS Center and Division of Infectious Diseases, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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14
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Goodwin RD, Dierker LC, Wu M, Galea S, Hoven CW, Weinberger AH. Trends in U.S. Depression Prevalence From 2015 to 2020: The Widening Treatment Gap. Am J Prev Med 2022; 63:726-733. [PMID: 36272761 PMCID: PMC9483000 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Major depression is a common and potentially lethal condition. Early data suggest that the population-level burden of depression has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Prepandemic estimates of depression prevalence are required to quantify and comprehensively address the pandemic's impact on mental health in the U.S. METHODS Data were drawn from the 2015-2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, a nationally representative study of U.S. individuals aged ≥12 years. The prevalence of past-year depression and help seeking for depression were estimated from 2015 to 2019, and time trends were tested with Poisson regression with robust SEs. Point estimates were calculated for 2020 and not included in statistical trend analyses because of differences in data collection procedures. RESULTS In 2020, 9.2% (SE=0.31) of Americans aged ≥12 years experienced a past-year major depressive episode. Depression was more common among young adults aged 18-25 years (17.2%, SE=0.78), followed closely by adolescents aged 12-17 years (16.9%, SE=0.84). Depression increased most rapidly among adolescents and young adults and increased among nearly all sex, racial/ethnic, income, and education groups. Depression prevalence did not change among adults aged ≥35 years, and the prevalence of help seeking remained consistently low across the study period. CONCLUSIONS From 2015 to 2019, there were widespread increases in depression without commensurate increases in treatment, and in 2020, past 12‒month depression was prevalent among nearly 1 in 10 Americans and almost 1 in 5 adolescents and young adults. Decisive action involving a multipronged public health campaign that includes evidence-based prevention and intervention to address this ongoing mental health crisis is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee D Goodwin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, New York; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York.
| | - Lisa C Dierker
- Psychology Department, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut
| | - Melody Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Sandro Galea
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christina W Hoven
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York; Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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15
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Min JY, Levin J, Weinberger AH. Associations of tobacco cigarette use and dependence with substance use disorder treatment completion by sex/gender and race/ethnicity. J Subst Abuse Treat 2022; 140:108834. [PMID: 35803029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2022.108834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) are approximately five times more likely to smoke cigarettes than the general population. Individuals who smoke cigarettes have greater odds of SUD relapse compared to individuals who do not smoke cigarettes, but we know little about how cigarette use is related to SUD treatment completion overall by sex/gender or race/ethnicity. METHODS This study examined 2855 adults (71.98 % male; >70 % racial/ethnic minority) in outpatient and residential SUD treatment at a New York-based treatment agency over a six-month period in 2018. RESULTS Overall, approximately three-fourths of SUD treatment-seeking participants smoked cigarettes, with high rates across sex/gender and racial/ethnic groups. Nicotine dependence did not differ by sex/gender, and White Non-Hispanic adults had the highest levels of nicotine dependence across racial/ethnic groups. Those who smoked cigarettes were significantly less likely to complete treatment compared to those who did not smoke cigarettes (OR = 0.69; 95 % CI: 0.58, 0.82). The study found no overall differences in SUD treatment completion and length of stay by sex/gender or race/ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS Given the high prevalence of cigarette smoking and lower odds of completing SUD treatment, the current system of care for SUD treatment may be enhanced by addressing cigarette smoking from onset of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Yun Min
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Jacob Levin
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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16
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Weinberger AH, Wyka K, Goodwin RD. Impact of cannabis legalization in the United States on trends in cannabis use and daily cannabis use among individuals who smoke cigarettes. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 238:109563. [PMID: 35870333 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cannabis legalization and increases in cannabis use are occurring rapidly in the United States (US). Cannabis and tobacco are often used together, but it is unclear whether cannabis legalization will differentially affect cannabis use among those using cigarettes. This study estimated changes from 2004 to 2017 in the prevalence of cannabis use and daily cannabis use by cigarette use status and examined whether state-level cannabis policy modified these trends. METHODS Public and restricted-use data from the 2004-2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health were analyzed. Weighted logistic regressions were used to examine time trends in past-30-day cannabis use and daily caunabis use by cigarette use and cannabis law status from 2004 to 2017. RESULTS Cannabis use and daily use increased significantly among those with and without cigarette smoking. Cannabis use and daily cannabis use were consistently 2-10x more common throughout this time among those with, versus without, cigarette smoking. In 2017, cannabis use and daily cannabis use were substantially more common among individuals who use cigarettes, and even greater among those who live in states where cannabis was legal for medical or recreational (i.e., non-medical) use. CONCLUSIONS Cannabis use and daily cannabis use are increasing among US individuals who both smoke and do not smoke cigarettes. Cannabis and daily cannabis use are more common among those who smoke cigarettes and elevated even further among those residing in states that have legalized cannabis for recreational (i.e., non-medical) use. Tobacco control efforts should be adjusted to address increases in cannabis use among Americans who smoke cigarettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Yeshiva University Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Katarzyna Wyka
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Renee D Goodwin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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17
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Abstract
This cross-sectional study examines self-reported smoking patterns of adult participants in the US National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Parker
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Andrea H. Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Emma M. Eggers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Erik S. Parker
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Andrea C. Villanti
- Department of Health Behavior, Society and Policy, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey
- Department of Health Behavior, Society and Policy, Rutgers Center for Tobacco Studies, New Brunswick, New Jersey
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18
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Pang RD, Chai SH, Tucker CJ, Weinberger AH, D'Orazio LM, Kirkpatrick MG. Effects of cigarette abstinence on negative and positive affect by depression symptom levels: A lab study. J Affect Disord 2022; 307:163-170. [PMID: 35341814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High negative affect and low positive affect are key depression-related states that may be greater following acute tobacco abstinence. This study aimed to test associations between depression symptom levels and acute tobacco abstinence with negative affect and positive affect. METHODS Following a baseline session, participants attended two counterbalanced laboratory sessions (non-abstinent, abstinent) and completed measures of positive and negative affect at rest (i.e., when not completing a task) and during a film clip task. RESULTS Individuals with elevated depression symptoms had higher negative affect and lower positive affect at rest and during the film clip task compared to individuals with low depression symptoms. There was no interaction of depression symptom levels and abstinence on negative and positive affect at rest. There was an interaction of depression symptom level and abstinence on negative and positive affect during the film clip task. Individuals with elevated depression showed significant differences in positive and negative affect between the abstinent and non-abstinent session, but no significant abstinence effects were noted in individuals with low depression symptoms. LIMITATIONS The study included a non-treatment seeking sample and experimentally induced acute cigarette abstinence. We excluded for the use of smoking cessation medications that are also used to treat depression, classified depression levels using dichotomized CES-D scores, and used self-report measures of affect. CONCLUSIONS Results of this study suggest individuals with elevated depression symptoms who smoke experience elevated negative affect and lower positive affect and cigarette abstinence may uniquely alter affective reactivity in individuals with elevated depression symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raina D Pang
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, United States of America; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, United States of America.
| | - Stephanie H Chai
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, United States of America; Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, United States of America
| | - Chyna J Tucker
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, United States of America; Department of Social Welfare, University of California, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Lina M D'Orazio
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, United States of America
| | - Matthew G Kirkpatrick
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, United States of America; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, United States of America
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19
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Weinberger AH, Wyka K, Kim JH, Smart R, Mangold M, Schanzer E, Wu M, Goodwin RD. A difference-in-difference approach to examining the impact of cannabis legalization on disparities in the use of cigarettes and cannabis in the United States, 2004-17. Addiction 2022; 117:1768-1777. [PMID: 34985165 DOI: 10.1111/add.15795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To estimate the impact of recreational and medical cannabis laws (RCL, MCL) on the use of cannabis and cigarettes in the United States. DESIGN A difference-in-difference approach was applied to data from the 2004-17 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). SETTING United States. PARTICIPANTS Nationally representative cross-sectional survey of Americans aged 12 years and older (combined analytical sample for 2004-17, n = 783 663). MEASUREMENTS Data on past-month use of (1) cigarettes and (2) cannabis were used to classify respondents into four groups: cigarette and cannabis co-use, cigarette-only use, cannabis-only use or no cigarette or cannabis use. State of residence was measured by self-report. MCL/RCL status came from state government websites. FINDINGS Difference-in-difference analyses suggest that MCL was associated with an increase in cigarette-cannabis co-use overall [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.09; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02-1.16], with the greatest increases among those aged 50 years and above (aOR = 1.60; CI = 1.39-1.84), married (aOR = 1.19; CI = 1.07-1.31), non-Hispanic (NH) black (aOR = 1.14; CI = 1.02-1.07) and with a college degree or above (aOR = 1.15; CI = 1.06-1.24). MCL was associated with increases in cigarette-only use among those aged 50 years and above (aOR = 1.07; CI = 1.01-1.14) and NH black (aOR = 1.16; CI = 1.06-1.27) and increases in cannabis-only use among those aged 50 years and above (aOR = 1.24; CI = 1.07-1.44) and widowed/divorced/separated (aOR = 1.18; CI = 1.01-1.37). RCL was associated with an increase in cannabis-only use overall (aOR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.09-1.34), a decline in cigarette-only use overall (aOR = 0.89; 95% CI = 0.81-0.97) and increases in co-use among those who were married (aOR = 1.24; CI = 1.02-1.50) and aged 50 years and above (aOR = 1.37; CI = 1.03-1.84). CONCLUSIONS Recreational and medical cannabis legalization have had a varying impact on the use, and co-use, of cannabis and cigarettes in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Yeshiva University Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Katarzyna Wyka
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - June H Kim
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Michael Mangold
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ellen Schanzer
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Melody Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Renee D Goodwin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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20
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Weinberger AH. Socioeconomic Status and Tobacco Use. Nicotine Tob Res 2022; 24:805-806. [PMID: 35245936 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntac058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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21
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Weinberger AH, Steinberg ML, Mills SD, Dermody SS, Heffner JL, Kong AY, Pang RD, Rosen RL. Assessing Sex, Gender Identity, Sexual Orientation, Race, Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status, and Mental Health Concerns in Tobacco Use Disorder Treatment Research: Measurement Challenges and Recommendations From a Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Pre-conference Workshop. Nicotine Tob Res 2022; 24:643-653. [PMID: 34622932 PMCID: PMC8962699 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntab201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports on topics discussed at a Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco pre-conference workshop at the 2019 annual Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco meeting. The goal of the pre-conference workshop was to help develop a shared understanding of the importance of several tobacco-related priority groups in tobacco use disorder (TUD) treatment research and to highlight challenges in measurement related to these groups. The workshop focused on persons with minoritized sex, gender identity, and sexual orientation identities; persons with minoritized racial and ethnic backgrounds; persons with lower socioeconomic status (SES); and persons with mental health concerns. In addition to experiencing commercial tobacco-related health disparities, these groups are also underrepresented in tobacco research, including TUD treatment studies. Importantly, there is wide variation in how and whether researchers are identifying variation within these priority groups. Best practices for measuring and reporting sex, gender identity, sexual orientation, race, ethnicity, SES, and mental health concerns in TUD treatment research are needed. This paper provides information about measurement challenges when including these groups in TUD treatment research and specific recommendations about how to measure these groups and assess potential disparities in outcomes. The goal of this paper is to encourage TUD treatment researchers to use measurement best practices in these priority groups in an effort to conduct meaningful and equity-promoting research. Increasing the inclusion and visibility of these groups in TUD treatment research will help to move the field forward in decreasing tobacco-related health disparities. Implications: Tobacco-related disparities exist for a number of priority groups including, among others, women, individuals with minoritized sexual and gender identities, individuals with minoritized racial and ethnic backgrounds, individuals with lower SES, and individuals with mental health concerns. Research on TUD treatments for many of these subgroups is lacking. Accurate assessment and consideration of these subgroups will provide needed information about efficacious and effective TUD treatments, about potential mediators and moderators, and for accurately describing study samples, all critical elements for reducing tobacco-related disparities, and improving diversity, equity, and inclusion in TUD treatment research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Marc L Steinberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Sarah D Mills
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sarah S Dermody
- Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jaimee L Heffner
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA,USA
| | - Amanda Y Kong
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Raina D Pang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rachel L Rosen
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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22
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Tucker CJ, Bello MS, Weinberger AH, D'Orazio LM, Kirkpatrick MG, Pang RD. Association of depression symptom level with smoking urges, cigarette withdrawal, and smoking reinstatement: A preliminary laboratory study. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 232:109267. [PMID: 35042097 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking urges, withdrawal, and smoking reinstatement may be especially relevant to people with elevated depression symptoms who smoke. This laboratory study aimed to assess relations between depression symptom level and smoking urges for reward and relief, cigarette withdrawal, and smoking reinstatement in people who smoke cigarettes daily during acute abstinence and while smoking as usual. METHODS Participants with low (n = 51) or elevated (n = 29) baseline depression symptoms underwent two counterbalanced laboratory sessions (i.e., abstinent, non-abstinent). At each session, they completed subjective measures of smoking urges for reward and relief, and withdrawal. They also completed a laboratory smoking reinstatement task measuring whether they would delay smoking and the number of cigarettes smoked. RESULTS The elevated depression symptom group reported significantly higher withdrawal (p = .01) and smoked more cigarettes than the low depression symptoms group during the smoking reinstatement task self-administration period at the abstinent session (p = .04). Smoking urges for reward and relief were not significantly different by depression symptom group. There were no significant interactions of depression and abstinence with any outcomes. CONCLUSIONS As outcomes were measured at both an abstinent and non-abstinent session, findings identify factors for people with elevated depression symptoms who smoke which may drive smoking behavior and impede smoking cessation efforts. This study provides evidence that people with elevated depression symptoms who smoke may need additional/more pharmacological or behavioral smoking cessation aids targeted at reducing withdrawal and number of cigarettes smoked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chyna J Tucker
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; Department of Social Welfare, University of California, Los Angeles, 3250 Public Affairs Building, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Mariel S Bello
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, 3620 McClintock Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 222 Richmond St., Providence, RI 02903 USA.
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University and Department of Epidemiology, and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1165 Morris Park Ave. Rousso Building, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Lina M D'Orazio
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, 1520 San Pablo St. Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Matthew G Kirkpatrick
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, 3620 McClintock Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Raina D Pang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, 3620 McClintock Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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23
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Weinberger AH, Pang RD, Ferrer M, Kashan RS, Estey DR, Segal KS, Esan H. A novel smoking-specific self-control task: An initial study of feasibility, acceptability, and changes in self-control and cigarette smoking behaviors among adults using cigarettes. Psychol Addict Behav 2022; 36:28-38. [PMID: 34081484 PMCID: PMC8639834 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Self-control is a key factor in quitting cigarettes and practicing general self-control tasks may strengthen self-control. This study examined the feasibility and acceptability of a novel smoking-related self-control task. Method: Seventy-five adults with current cigarette smoking (Mage = 44.8, 74.7% male, 63.5% Black, 74.3% non-Latinx) were randomly assigned to practice a smoking-specific self-control task (Delay Smoking Task, n = 39) or a general self-control task (Posture Task, n = 36) for 1 week. Assessments included cigarettes per day (CPD), motivation to quit smoking, self-control, and task acceptability. Results: Most participants completed both appointments with no difference between task groups (p = .69). The Delay Smoking Task group rated the task as more difficult (p = .04) and more helpful for quitting smoking (p = .005) than did the Posture Task group. Self-control task groups did not differ in task effort (p = .66), task success (p = .14), or self-control used to practice the task (p = .13). Both task groups reported increased quit desire, expected quit success, quit confidence, and quit motivation (p < .05; partial η²s = 0.108-0.333). The time by task group interaction approached significance for expected quit success (p = .06; partial η² = .053), with the Delay Smoking Task group showing greater increases than the Posture Task group. Over the week, smoking decreased an average of 1.0 CPD with no difference between groups (p = .72; partial η² = 0.165). Conclusions: Practicing self-control was associated with increases in motivation to quit, confidence in quitting, and expected success at quitting smoking with similar changes for those practicing a smoking-specific versus a general self-control task. Self-control tasks may be useful for increasing motivation to quit cigarettes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea H. Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York USA
| | - Raina D. Pang
- Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michelle Ferrer
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York USA
- Hackensack Meridian Health, Hackensack, New Jersey USA
| | - Rachel S. Kashan
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York USA
| | - David R. Estey
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York USA
| | - Kate S. Segal
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York USA
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York USA
| | - Hannah Esan
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York USA
- Addiction Institute of Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York USA
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24
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Pang RD, Tucker CJ, D’Orazio LM, Weinberger AH, Guillot CR. Affect and subjective cognitive functioning by depression symptom levels during naturalistic cigarette smoking in premenopausal females who smoke daily. Psychol Addict Behav 2022; 36:90-99. [PMID: 33844567 PMCID: PMC8505572 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective: High negative affect, low positive affect, and low cognitive functioning are depression-related states that may be particularly relevant to females who smoke cigarettes and may be more prominent following overnight tobacco abstinence. This study aimed to assess relations between depression symptom levels and negative affect, positive affect, and subjective cognitive functioning in premenopausal females who smoke. Methods: Premenopausal females who smoke daily with low (n = 66) or elevated (n = 33) baseline depression symptoms completed subjective ratings of negative affect, positive affect, and cognitive functioning pre-first cigarette (i.e., after overnight tobacco abstinence) and at random prompts throughout the day via ecological momentary assessment (EMA) for 35 days. Results: Participants with elevated depression symptoms reported overall higher negative affect (p = .01). Positive affect was significantly lower prior to the first cigarette of the day (p < .001), but did not significantly differ between depression symptom groups. Subjective cognitive functioning was significantly lower pre-first cigarette of the day (p < .001). There was a significant Depression Symptom × Prompt Type interaction for subjective cognitive functioning (p = .01). Subjective cognitive functioning did not significantly differ by depression symptom group pre-first cigarette of the day but was significantly different at random prompts throughout the day. Conclusions: As participants smoked as usual, findings identify naturalistic factors which may influence smoking behavior among premenopausal females who smoke with elevated depression symptoms. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Raina D. Pang
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Department of Psychology, University of Southern California
| | - Chyna J. Tucker
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California
| | | | - Andrea H. Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University and Department of Epidemiology, and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
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25
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Streck JM, Parker MA, Bearnot B, Kalagher K, Sigmon SC, Goodwin RD, Weinberger AH. National Trends in Suicide Thoughts and Behavior among US Adults with Opioid Use Disorder from 2015 to 2020. Subst Use Misuse 2022; 57:876-885. [PMID: 35232317 PMCID: PMC9084338 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2046102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suicide thoughts and behavior (STB) are associated with premature mortality and is disproportionately represented among those with opioid use disorder (OUD). Recent trends in STB among those with OUD are lacking. We investigated trends in STB among US adults with versus without OUD using six waves of cross-sectional, nationally-representative, epidemiological data. METHODS Data came from the 2015-2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (combined n = 241,675). We compared past-year STB outcomes (i.e., thoughts of seriously considering killing self (SI), suicide plan (SP), suicide attempt (SA)) among adults with versus without past-year OUD. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression tested the association between survey-year and past-year STB outcomes (i.e., SI, SP/SA) stratified by OUD status. RESULTS Between 2015 and 2020, 26% versus 4% of those with and without OUD, respectively, reported SI, 10% versus 1% reported a SP, and 6% versus 1% reported SA (all ps < 0.001). In adjusted analyses, across survey years, no changes in the prevalence of SI were observed for adults with or without OUD, and no changes were observed over time for SP/SA in adults with or without OUD. OUD severity and treatment status did not moderate the relationship between OUD and STB outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Among US adults, OUD was associated with thoughts of suicide and suicide behavior. The heightened prevalence of STB in adults with OUD has not changed in recent years. Screening for SI is needed among those reporting opioid misuse and should be routinely integrated into OUD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M Streck
- Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Division of General Internal Medicine (DGIM), Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)/Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, MGH/HMS, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maria A Parker
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Benjamin Bearnot
- Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Division of General Internal Medicine (DGIM), Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)/Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kelly Kalagher
- Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Division of General Internal Medicine (DGIM), Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)/Harvard Medical School (HMS), Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stacey C Sigmon
- Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center on Behavior & Health, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Renee D Goodwin
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, USA.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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26
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Weinberger AH, Zhu J, Levin J, Moeller SJ, McKee SA, Goodwin RD. Changes in alcohol use by cannabis use status among adolescents and young adults in the United States: Emerging evidence for both substitution and complementarity. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021; 45:2536-2545. [PMID: 34928520 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of adolescents and young adults (AYA) who use cannabis also use alcohol. Although cannabis use is increasing in the United States (US), it is not known whether the increase contributes to either increased co-use of alcohol and cannabis (e.g., complementarity) or replacement of alcohol with cannabis (e.g., substitution). The current study estimated the prevalence of alcohol use by cannabis use status among US AYA ages 12 to 25 in 2018 and trends in alcohol use by cannabis use status from 2002 to 2018. METHODS Data were drawn from the 2002 to 2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health public use data files. The analytic sample included AYA ages 12 to 25 (2018 sample, n = 26,924; total combined sample 2002 to 2018, n = 576,053). Linear and logistic regression models were used to estimate past-month alcohol use, daily alcohol use, and average quantity of alcohol consumed among AYA with and without past-month cannabis use from 2002 to 2018. RESULTS In 2018, any alcohol use and daily alcohol use were significantly more common among AYA who used cannabis use than those who did not use cannabis. Overall, any alcohol use, daily alcohol use, and average drinks per day declined from 2002 to 2018 among AYA irrespective of recent cannabis use. However, the decline in any alcohol use, daily alcohol use, and average alcohol drinks per day was more rapid among AYA who used cannabis (daily and nondaily) than those who did not use cannabis. The rate of decline in average alcohol drinks per day was also higher among AYA with daily compared to nondaily cannabis use. CONCLUSIONS Even with declines in alcohol use over time, drinking is much more common among AYA who report cannabis than those without recent cannabis use, which is consistent with complementarity. Yet, because the decline in alcohol use has been more rapid among AYA who use cannabis, there is also evidence of substitution. Thus, the current data on alcohol and cannabis use are consistent with both complementarity and substitution. However, these relationships may change as cannabis legalization expands over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, USA.,Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jacob Levin
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Scott J Moeller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Sherry A McKee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Renee D Goodwin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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27
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Shuter J, Hosgood HD, Nardin S, Weinberger AH. Persons living with HIV who do not smoke cigarettes: A comparison of ex-smokers and never smokers. Tob Use Insights 2021; 14:1179173X211053349. [PMID: 34866952 PMCID: PMC8637706 DOI: 10.1177/1179173x211053349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Approximately half of persons living with HIV (PLWH) in the US smoke
cigarettes. Large surveys show that 16.9%–37.3% of PLWH are never smokers
compared to 57.5% of US adults. Similar proportions of PLWH and general
population adults describe themselves as ex-smokers (20.3% vs 21.9%
respectively). Little research has been done to characterize PLWH
non-smokers. In this study, we compared a group of well characterized PLWH
ex-smokers (i.e., no cigarettes for at least 5 years) to PLWH never smokers
with the aim of developing a clearer understanding of the characteristics of
these groups and the differences between them. Design Cross-sectional interview study employing audio computer-assisted
self-interview (ACASI). Setting Comprehensive HIV care center in New York City. Participants In 2018–2019, we recruited a sample of PLWH never smokers (N = 54) and
long-term ex-smokers (no cigarettes for at least 5 years, N = 36).
Non-smoking status of participants was verified by exhaled carbon
monoxide. Measurements We collected a range of sociodemographic, historical, clinical, and
psychobehavioral data pertaining to tobacco use. Results Compared to never smokers, ex-smokers were older, more likely to have
heterosexually acquired HIV and less likely to have same-sex-acquired
infection, more likely to have parents and/or siblings who smoked, more
likely to have current smoker/s in their households, and more likely to have
ever used marijuana, cocaine, and/or heroin. Conclusions We describe important demographic and sociobehavioral differences between
PLWH never smokers and ex-smokers that may be useful in crafting an
effective response to the cigarette smoking epidemic in US PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Shuter
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - H Dean Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Shaundell Nardin
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.,Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
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28
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Shuter J, Ojoo SA, Oduor P, Ondire M, Khakali L, Achieng AO, Masai TW, Potts W, Bennett ME, Weinberger AH, Koech E, Himelhoch SS. Cigarette Smoking Behaviors and Beliefs in Persons Living With HIV in Nairobi, Kenya. Tob Use Insights 2021; 14:1179173X211053357. [PMID: 34866953 PMCID: PMC8637693 DOI: 10.1177/1179173x211053357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Persons living with HIV (PLWH) use tobacco at higher rates than the general
population in both high-income countries and low- and middle-income
countries. Tobacco use rates are increasing in sub-Saharan Africa, the home
to most of the world’s PLWH. As the reach of antiretroviral therapy (ART)
expands and HIV-related morbidity and mortality wanes, tobacco use is
emerging as a leading cause of disease and death in PLWH. A better
understanding of tobacco use behaviors in various settings will be crucial
to designing optimal tobacco control strategies. Methods In late 2019, we enrolled 50 PLWH cigarette smokers from 6 clinical sites in
Nairobi, Kenya (4 HIV care clinics and 2 methadone maintenance programs) for
one-on-one interviews focusing on their behaviors and beliefs related to
tobacco use. Results Fifty PLWH smokers completed the interviews. The mean age was 38.5 ±
9.7 years (range 20-57 years) and 68% were male. All were currently
receiving ART. They smoked a mean of 14.9 ± 12.4 cigarettes per day, and 82%
reported smoking every day. Only 6% reported dual use of smokeless tobacco
products. Nicotine dependence was moderate or high in 74%. More than a third
(36%) reported a prior history of tuberculosis. In our sample, use of other
substances was common, especially alcohol, marijuana, and methadone. On the
motivation to quit scale, 90% were at least in the contemplation stage, but
only 2% had ever received behavioral cessation counseling, and only 8% had
ever used pharmacotherapy (exclusively nicotine replacement therapy).
Participants reported significant concern about developing smoking-related
illness, exposing others to secondary smoke, and the financial burden
associated with their tobacco use. Measures of intrinsic and extrinsic
motivation to quit, smoker and abstainer self-concept, and social support
yielded encouraging results regarding the possibility of successful
quitting. Conclusions Tobacco use is an important health concern in PLWH in Kenya. A more thorough
understanding of their tobacco use behaviors and beliefs will provide
critical information for providers, public health officials, and policy
makers as they redouble their efforts to confront this urgent health
challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Shuter
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sylvia A Ojoo
- Center for Global Health Practice and Impact, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Patience Oduor
- Center for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity-Kenya, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maureen Ondire
- Center for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity-Kenya, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Linda Khakali
- Center for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity-Kenya, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Angela O Achieng
- Center for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity-Kenya, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tina W Masai
- Center for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity-Kenya, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wendy Potts
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Melanie E Bennett
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Emily Koech
- Center for International Health, Education, and Biosecurity-Kenya, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Seth S Himelhoch
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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29
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Weinberger AH, Dierker L, Zhu J, Levin J, Goodwin RD. Cigarette dependence is more prevalent and increasing among US adolescents and adults who use cannabis, 2002-2019. Tob Control 2021:tobaccocontrol-2021-056723. [PMID: 34815363 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Cannabis use is increasing among cigarette smokers. If cannabis use is associated with cigarette dependence, a barrier to smoking cessation, this could have public health implications for tobacco control. The current study estimated the prevalence of cigarette dependence among US individuals who smoke cigarettes by cannabis use status, and investigated trends in cigarette dependence from 2002 to 2019 among cigarette smokers by cannabis use status and cigarette consumption (ie, cigarettes per day, CPD). METHODS Data were drawn from the 2002-2019 annual National Survey on Drug Use and Health and included US individuals aged 12+ years who used cigarettes at least once in the past month (n=231 572). Logistic regression was used to estimate the prevalence of cigarette dependence, measured as time to first cigarette <30 min, by past-month cannabis use (no use, non-daily use, daily use), and to estimate trends in cigarette dependence from 2002 to 2019 overall and stratified by cannabis use and smoking level (light, 1-5 CPD; moderate, 6-15 CPD; heavy, 16+ CPD). RESULTS Across all levels of cigarette use, cigarette dependence was significantly more common among individuals with daily cannabis use compared with those with non-daily or no cannabis use. From 2002 to 2019, cigarette dependence increased among cigarette smokers with non-daily cannabis use, and among light and moderate cigarette smokers with no cannabis use. CONCLUSIONS US individuals who use both cigarettes and cannabis report a higher prevalence of cigarette dependence relative to individuals who use cigarettes and do not use cannabis at virtually all levels of cigarette consumption. Further, cigarette dependence is increasing in the USA both among those who use and do not use cannabis. Given the increase in cannabis use among those using cigarettes, efforts to elucidate the nature of the association between cannabis and cigarette dependence are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, USA.,Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Lisa Dierker
- Psychology, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jacob Levin
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Renee D Goodwin
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, New York, USA .,Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
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30
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Parker MA, Cordoba-Grueso WS, Streck JM, Goodwin RD, Weinberger AH. Intersectionality of serious psychological distress, cigarette smoking, and substance use disorders in the United States: 2008-2018. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 228:109095. [PMID: 34601273 PMCID: PMC8595675 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serious psychological distress (SPD) is common among adults who smoke cigarettes and among adults with substance use disorders (SUD). It is unknown whether the burden of SPD is even greater among individuals with both cigarette smoking and SUDs. This study examined the intersectionality of SPD, cigarette smoking, and SUD over time. METHODS Data came from annual, cross-sectional, nationally representative samples of the United States (US) National Survey on Drug Use and Health (individuals age 12+). Past-month SPD prevalences were estimated each year from 2008 to 2018 for adults age 18+ with current daily, current non-daily, former, and never cigarette smoking by SUD status (combined n = 441,286). Logistic regression models examined linear time trends of SPD. RESULTS In 2018, SPD was significantly more prevalent among adults in each smoking group with SUD versus those without SUD (daily 29.1% vs. 9.0%, non-daily 23.2% vs. 8.6%, former 19.5% vs. 3.2%, never 16.4% vs. 4.3%). After adjusting for sociodemographics, SPD prevalence increased over time across smoking statuses with a larger change for persons with SUD (AOR=1.07; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.09) vs. no SUD (AOR=1.03; 95% CI: 1.02. 1.04). CONCLUSIONS SPD was more than twice as common among adults with SUD who smoke cigarettes compared to those without SUD who do not smoke cigarettes, with the highest prevalence among adults with both SUD and daily smoking. While SPD has increased over time, differences depended on SUD status beyond the effect of cigarette smoking. These results provide further evidence for treating smoking and mental health problems together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Parker
- Indiana University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Whitney S. Cordoba-Grueso
- Indiana University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Joanna M. Streck
- Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Division of General Internal Medicine Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Renee D. Goodwin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea H. Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA,Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Willoughby M, Weinberger AH, Shuter J, Seng EK. Pain and medication adherence in adult cigarette smokers living with HIV: a cross-sectional observational study. AIDS Care 2021; 33:1422-1429. [PMID: 33233919 PMCID: PMC8144233 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2020.1849530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study examines relationships between pain, mental health symptoms, and medication adherence in adult smokers living with HIV. Sixty-eight adult HIV-positive smokers taking antiretroviral medication completed a survey measuring medication adherence, mental health symptoms, and pain. The presence of pain, OR = 3.81, 95% CI (1.19, 12.14), higher pain severity, OR = 1.22, 95% CI (1.05, 1.41), and higher anxiety, OR = 1.09, 95% CI (1.03, 1.14) were associated with inferior medication adherence (MMAS-8 score <6). Anxiety mediated the relationships between presence of pain (ab = .56, BCa CI (0.05, 1.61)) and pain severity (ab = .09, BCa CI (0.01, 0.24)) and medication adherence. The results of this study suggest that pain and anxiety are factors that significantly contribute to medication nonadherence and thus are important areas of assessment by clinicians treating adult smokers living with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody Willoughby
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York USA
- Counseling and Psychological Services, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, New Jersey, USA
| | - Andrea H. Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York USA
| | - Jonathan Shuter
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York USA
- AIDS Center and Division of Infectious Diseases, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York USA
| | - Elizabeth K. Seng
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York USA
- The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York USA
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Goodwin RD, Kim JH, Cheslack-Postava K, Weinberger AH, Wu M, Wyka K, Kattan M. Trends in cannabis use among adults with children in the home in the United States, 2004-2017: impact of state-level legalization for recreational and medical use. Addiction 2021; 116:2770-2778. [PMID: 33730400 DOI: 10.1111/add.15472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cannabis use among parents may be increasing with legalization, but perception of associated risk has declined. The study investigated the association between cannabis legalization and cannabis use among adults with children in the home over time in the United States (US). DESIGN A difference-in-difference approach was applied to public and restricted-use data from the 2004-2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), an annual cross-sectional survey. SETTING A representative sample of the United States. PARTICIPANTS/CASES Respondents ages 18+ with children living in the home drawn from the NSDUH (n = 287,624), which is administered to non-institutionalized civilians in the 50 states and District of Columbia. MEASUREMENTS Exposures were year and state-level cannabis policy in state of residence annually. Outcomes were past-30-day cannabis use and daily cannabis use. Sociodemographic variables included age, gender, marital status, annual family income, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, and strength of state-level tobacco control. FINDINGS In 2017, past-month cannabis use (11.9%, 9.3%, and 6.1%) and daily cannabis use (4.2%, 3.2%, and 2.3%) were more common in states with recreational marijuana laws (RML), followed by states with medical marijuana laws (MML) and without legal cannabis use, respectively. RML and MML were associated with significantly higher prevalence of past-month cannabis use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12-1.46; AOR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.03-1.22) and daily cannabis use (AOR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.03-1.51; AOR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.02-1.32), respectively. The impact of MML was particularly salient among adults ages 50+ and the highest income and education subgroups. CONCLUSIONS Among adults with children living in the home, cannabis use appears to be more common in US states with legalized cannabis use compared with states with no legal cannabis use. Recreational legalization appears to increase use among adults with children in the home broadly across nearly all sociodemographic groups, whereas the effect of legalization for medical use is heterogeneous by age and socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee D Goodwin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - June H Kim
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Melody Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katarzyna Wyka
- Center for Systems and Community Design, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Meyer Kattan
- Department of Pediatrics, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, New York-Presbyterian/Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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Kozak K, Smith PH, Lowe DJ, Weinberger AH, Cooper ZD, Rabin RA, George TP. A systematic review and meta-analysis of sex differences in cannabis use disorder amongst people with comorbid mental illness. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2021; 47:535-547. [PMID: 34280058 PMCID: PMC9144491 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2021.1946071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While males are more likely diagnosed with cannabis use disorder (CUD), females are more susceptible to developing and maintaining CUD. Yet, for both sexes, CUD is associated with high rates of comorbid mental illness (MI). OBJECTIVES To identify and compare sex differences in the prevalence of comorbid CUD amongst individuals with/without MIs. METHODS This systematic review generated pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) from 37 studies (including clinical trials, cohort, and case-control studies) among individuals with and without MIs, quantifying sex differences in rates of comorbid CUD. A meta-analysis was also completed. RESULTS In the CUD-only group, males were twice as likely to have CUD than females (OR = 2.0, CI = 1.9-2.1). Among MIs, males were more likely than females to have CUD comorbid with schizophrenia (OR ~2.6, CI = 2.5-2.7) and other psychotic, mood, and substance use disorders (1> OR <2.2, CI = 0.7-2.6). The reverse association (females > males) was observed for anxiety disorders and antisocial personality disorder (OR = 0.8, CI = 0.7-1.0). Among females, MIs increased the likelihood of having CUD, except for psychotic disorders and depression. A meta-analysis was inconclusive due to high heterogeneity across studies. Thus, comparisons across MI groups were not possible. CONCLUSION While males are more likely to be diagnosed with CUD, there are important sex differences in the prevalence of CUD across MI diagnoses that should be taken into account when approaching CUD prevention and determining treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kozak
- Institute of Medical Science (IMS), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Addictions Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philip H. Smith
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
| | - Darby J.E Lowe
- Institute of Medical Science (IMS), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Addictions Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea H. Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University and the Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Ziva D Cooper
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Science, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
- UCLA Cannabis Research Initiative, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rachel A. Rabin
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University and the Douglas Mental Health Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tony P. George
- Institute of Medical Science (IMS), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Addictions Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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DeVito EE, Fagle T, Allen AM, Pang RD, Petersen N, Smith PH, Weinberger AH. Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) Use and Pregnancy I: ENDS Use Behavior During Pregnancy. Curr Addict Rep 2021; 8:347-365. [PMID: 34513567 PMCID: PMC8425312 DOI: 10.1007/s40429-021-00380-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review examines Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) use behavior during pregnancy, including the prevalence of and transitions in use during pregnancy. RECENT FINDINGS Twenty-two papers addressed the prevalence of and/or transitions in ENDS use during pregnancy. Findings show a complex landscape of ENDS use. A minority (0.4%-7.0%) of pregnant persons use ENDS; most commonly this occurs in the form of dual use (ENDS and combustible cigarettes (CC); 75%). Many pregnant persons report using ENDS because they perceive them to be a lower-risk alternative and/or potential cessation aide for CC smoking. However, while a subset of those who use ENDS do quit all tobacco product use during pregnancy, only a small proportion switch from exclusive CC smoking to exclusive ENDS use. SUMMARY ENDS are a somewhat new addition to the tobacco product landscape. The perception of ENDS as a lower-risk alternative may contribute to ENDS use in pregnancy. There is insufficient evidence to support the notion that ENDS facilities the cessation of tobacco product use during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise E. DeVito
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tessa Fagle
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alicia M. Allen
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine – Tucson, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Raina D. Pang
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, and Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicole Petersen
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Philip H. Smith
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition and Health, College of Education, Health and Society, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Andrea H. Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University and Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Weinberger AH, Platt J, Zhu J, Levin J, Ganz O, Goodwin RD. Cigarette Use and Cannabis Use Disorder Onset, Persistence, and Relapse: Longitudinal Data From a Representative Sample of US Adults. J Clin Psychiatry 2021; 82:20m13713. [PMID: 34232581 PMCID: PMC9059255 DOI: 10.4088/jcp.20m13713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The current study prospectively investigated the relationship between cigarette use and the onset of, persistence of, and relapse to cannabis use disorder (CUD) 3 years later among adults in the United States. Methods: Analyses included respondents who completed Waves 1 and 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (2001-2002 and 2004-2005, respectively) and responded to questions about cigarette use, cannabis use, and CUD (n = 34,653). CUDs were defined by DSM-IV criteria using the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-Diagnostic Version IV. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds of CUD onset, persistence, and relapse at Wave 2 by Wave 1 cigarette use status. Analyses were adjusted for sociodemographics, psychiatric disorders, nicotine dependence, and alcohol and other substance use disorders. Results: Cigarette use at Wave 1 was associated with onset of CUD at Wave 2 among those without Wave 1 cannabis use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.62; 95% CI, 1.35-1.94) but not among those with Wave 1 cannabis use (AOR = 1.00; 95% CI, 0.83-1.19). Cigarette use at Wave 1 was also associated with persistence of CUD at Wave 2 among those with CUD at Wave 1 (AOR = 1.63; 95% CI, 1.30-2.00) and relapse to CUD at Wave 2 among those with remitted CUD at Wave 1 (AOR = 1.23; 95% CI, 1.09-1.45). Conclusions: Among adults, cigarette use is associated with increased onset and persistence of and relapse to CUD 3 years later. Additional attention to cigarette use in community prevention and clinical treatment efforts aimed at reducing CUD may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea H. Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York,Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Jonathan Platt
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, New York
| | - Jacob Levin
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York
| | - Ollie Ganz
- Center for Tobacco Studies, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, New Brunswick, New Jersey,Department of Health Behavior, Society and Policy, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Renee D. Goodwin
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, New York,Corresponding author: Renee D. Goodwin, PhD, MPH, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, 55 West 125th Street, New York, NY 10027 ()
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36
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Goodwin RD, Cheslack-Postava K, Musa GJ, Eisenberg R, Bresnahan M, Wicks J, Weinberger AH, Fan B, Hoven CW. Exposure to mass disaster and probable panic disorder among children in New York City. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 138:349-353. [PMID: 33906123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
While both direct and indirect exposure to mass trauma are increasing in the United States, relatively little is known about the potential link between mass trauma and risk of panic disorder early in life. It is also unclear whether history of prior individual trauma increases risk of panic disorder even further among those with exposure to mass trauma. The current study investigated the association between exposure to a mass trauma event (the World Trade Center (WTC) attack) and risk of panic disorder among children, how panic disorder varies by exposure severity and sociodemographic characteristics, and whether there is an interaction between individual and mass trauma exposure in the risk of panic disorder. Data were from an epidemiologic study of probable mental disorders among New York City schoolchildren exposed to the WTC terrorist attack. Severe (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.0 (1.1, 3.7)) exposure to the WTC disaster was associated with increased odds of probable panic disorder, relative to mild exposure. The prevalence of panic disorder increased with higher level of WTC exposure among all sociodemographic strata. Prior individual trauma exposure was associated with increased odds of panic disorder (AOR = 2.4 (1.6, 3.5)), but there was no evidence of interaction between prior individual trauma exposure and exposure to the WTC disaster. Preventive measures to address the widespread nature of mass disaster exposure at increasingly earlier ages and via media could mitigate the potential impact on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee D Goodwin
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Keely Cheslack-Postava
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States; Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - George J Musa
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States; Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ruth Eisenberg
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Michaeline Bresnahan
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States; Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Judith Wicks
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, United States; Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Bin Fan
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Christina W Hoven
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States; Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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Weinberger AH, DeVito EE. Ongoing and evolving challenges of tobacco use during pregnancy. Nicotine Tob Res 2021; 23:1449-1450. [PMID: 34049403 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntab113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Elise E DeVito
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
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Weinberger AH, Zhu J, Lee J, Xu S, Goodwin RD. Cannabis Use and the Onset of Cigarette and E-cigarette Use: A Prospective, Longitudinal Study Among Youth in the United States. Nicotine Tob Res 2021; 23:609-613. [PMID: 32835370 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cigarette use is declining among youth in the United States, whereas cannabis use and e-cigarette use are increasing. Cannabis use has been linked with increased uptake and persistence of cigarette smoking among adults. The goal of this study was to examine whether cannabis use is associated with the prevalence and incidence of cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual product use among U.S. youth. METHODS Data included U.S. youth ages 12-17 from two waves of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study (Wave 1 youth, n = 13 651; Wave 1 tobacco-naive youth, n = 10 081). Weighted logistic regression models were used to examine the association between Wave 1 cannabis use and (1) Wave 1 prevalence of cigarette/e-cigarette use among Wave 1 youth and (2) Wave 2 incidence of cigarette/e-cigarette use among Wave 1 tobacco-naive youth. Analyses were run unadjusted and adjusted for demographics and internalizing/externalizing problem symptoms. RESULTS Wave 1 cigarette and e-cigarette use were significantly more common among youth who used versus did not use cannabis. Among Wave 1 tobacco-naive youth, Wave 1 cannabis use was associated with significantly increased incidence of cigarette and e-cigarette use by Wave 2. CONCLUSIONS Youth who use cannabis are more likely to report cigarette and e-cigarette use, and cannabis use is associated with increased risk of initiation of cigarette and e-cigarette use over 1 year. Continued success in tobacco control-specifically toward reducing smoking among adolescents-may require focusing on cannabis, e-cigarette, and cigarette use in public health education, outreach, and intervention efforts. IMPLICATIONS These data extend our knowledge of cigarette and e-cigarette use among youth by showing that cannabis use is associated with increased prevalence and incidence of cigarette and e-cigarette use among youth, relative to youth who do not use cannabis. The increasing popularity of cannabis use among youth and diminished perceptions of risk, coupled with the strong link between cannabis use and tobacco use, may have unintended consequences for cigarette control efforts among youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY
| | - Joun Lee
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY
| | - Shu Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY
| | - Renee D Goodwin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
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Weinberger AH, Pang RD, Seng EK, Levin J, Esan H, Segal KS, Shuter J. Self-control and smoking in a sample of adults living with HIV/AIDS: A cross-sectional survey. Addict Behav 2021; 116:106807. [PMID: 33460989 PMCID: PMC7887055 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cigarette smoking prevalences are very high in persons living with HIV (PLWH). Identifying variables among PLWH that are linked to smoking in community samples (e.g., self-control) can inform smoking treatments for PLWH. The current study examined the association of self-reported self-control and smoking (e.g., smoking status, cigarette dependence) in a sample of PLWH. METHODS Adult PLWH were recruited from the Center for Positive Living (Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, US). All participants completed measures of demographics, cigarette smoking, and self-control. Participants who reported current cigarette smoking completed measures of cigarette dependence; intolerance for smoking abstinence; and motivation, confidence, and desire to quit smoking. RESULTS The overall sample included 285 PLWH (49.1% cigarette users, 55.4% male, 52.7% Black race, 54.8% Latino/a ethnicity). PLWH with current cigarette smoking reported lower self-control than PLWH with no current cigarette smoking (M = 116.88, SD = 17.07 versus M = 127.39, SD = 20.32; t = -4.15, df = 211, p < 0.001). Among PLWH with current cigarette smoking, lower self-control was associated with greater cigarette dependence (ρ = -0.272, p < 0.01), and lower confidence in quitting smoking cigarettes (ρ = 0.214, p < 0.05). Lower self-control was associated with greater overall smoking abstinence intolerance (ρ = -0.221, p < 0.05) and withdrawal intolerance (ρ = -0.264, p < 0.01). DISCUSSION Among a sample of PLWH, lower self-control was related to cigarette smoking (versus no smoking), greater cigarette dependence, lower confidence in quitting smoking, and greater intolerance for smoking abstinence. It may be useful to target self-control among PLWH to increase confidence in quitting and abstinence intolerance with the goal of improving smoking cessation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Raina D Pang
- Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Seng
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA; The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jacob Levin
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Hannah Esan
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Kate S Segal
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan Shuter
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; AIDS Center and Division of Infectious Diseases, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Weinberger AH, Zhu J, Barrington-Trimis JL, Wyka K, Goodwin RD. Cigarette Use, E-Cigarette Use, and Dual Product Use Are Higher Among Adults With Serious Psychological Distress in the United States: 2014-2017. Nicotine Tob Res 2021; 22:1875-1882. [PMID: 32285121 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cigarette use is declining yet remains common among adults with mental health conditions. In contrast, e-cigarette use may be on the rise. This study investigated the relationship between serious psychological distress (SPD) and the exclusive and dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes among US adults from 2014 to 2017. AIMS AND METHODS Data came from 2014 to 2017 National Health Interview Survey, an annual, cross-sectional survey of nationally representative samples of US adults (total combined analytic sample n = 125 302). Past-month SPD was assessed using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) and cigarette and e-cigarette use were assessed at each wave. Logistic regressions examined product use by SPD status in 2017 and trends in product use by SPD status from 2014 to 2017. Analyses adjusted for demographic covariates. RESULTS The prevalence of cigarette use, e-cigarette use, and dual use was higher among adults with SPD than without SPD in each year including the most recent data year 2017 (cigarette use, 39.50% vs. 13.40%, p < .001; e-cigarette use, 7.41% vs. 2.65%, p < .001; dual use, 5.30% vs. 1.26%, p < .001). Among adults with SPD, the prevalence of cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual product use did not change from 2014 to 2017 in contrast to a decreasing prevalence in cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual product use among individuals without SPD. CONCLUSIONS US adults with SPD report higher levels of cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual product use than adults without SPD. Use of these products has not declined over the past several years in contrast to decreasing trends among adults without SPD. IMPLICATIONS These data extend our knowledge of tobacco product use and mental health disparities by showing that in addition to higher levels of cigarette use, US adults with SPD also use e-cigarettes and dual products (cigarette and e-cigarette) more commonly than those without SPD. Furthermore, the use of these products has not declined over the past several years in contrast to continuing declines among adults without SPD. More research is needed to understand the potential positive and negative consequences of e-cigarette use among adults with SPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY
| | - Jessica L Barrington-Trimis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Katarzyna Wyka
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY
| | - Renee D Goodwin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
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Estey D, Platt J, Goodwin RD, Weinberger AH. Relationship of trauma exposure and PTSD to cigarette smoking prevalence, frequency, and quantity: Data from a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults. Psychol Trauma 2020; 13:231-239. [PMID: 33252969 DOI: 10.1037/tra0000991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) smoke cigarettes at much higher prevalences than the general population. Less is known about PTSD and other smoking behaviors (e.g., smoking quantity and frequency) or about smoking among individuals who experience trauma. OBJECTIVE To examine differences in cigarette smoking behaviors among adults in the United States (a) with no exposure to trauma or PTSD, (b) with trauma but no PTSD, and (c) with PTSD. METHODS Data came from Wave 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-II (NESARC-II, 2004-2005) and included demographics, PTSD diagnoses, traumatic events, and smoking behaviors. Odds ratios and group differences in smoking prevalence and behaviors based on PTSD diagnoses and exposure to traumatic experiences were calculated. RESULTS Traumatic events and PTSD diagnoses were both associated with greater smoking prevalences than persons without trauma or PTSD. Individuals with PTSD who smoke were more likely to report daily smoking than those without PTSD who smoke (Cohen's d = 0.19). Cigarette users with either trauma or PTSD smoked more cigarettes per day than cigarette users without trauma or PTSD (Cohen's d = 0.35). US adults with trauma exposure or PTSD have higher smoking prevalences and more intense smoking behaviors than those without PTSD or trauma. CONCLUSION Trauma or PTSD may each serve as a clinical indicator of increased risk of cigarette smoking-related health problems and prompt the implementation of targeted interventions to reduce the harms of smoking. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- David Estey
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University
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Weinberger AH, Delnevo CD, Wyka K, Gbedemah M, Lee J, Copeland J, Goodwin RD. Cannabis Use Is Associated With Increased Risk of Cigarette Smoking Initiation, Persistence, and Relapse Among Adults in the United States. Nicotine Tob Res 2020; 22:1404-1408. [PMID: 31112595 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntz085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite increasing use of cannabis, it is unclear how cannabis use is related to cigarette transitions. This study examined cannabis use and smoking initiation, persistence, and relapse over 1 year among a nationally representative sample of US adults. METHODS Data were from US adults (≥18 years) who completed two waves of longitudinal data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (Wave 1, 2013-2014; Wave 2, 2014-2015; n = 26 341). Logistic regression models were used to calculate the risk of Wave 2 incident smoking among Wave 1 never-smokers, smoking cessation among Wave 1 smokers, and smoking relapse among Wave 1 former smokers by Wave 1 cannabis use. Analyses were adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, income, and education. RESULTS Among Wave 1 never-smokers, cannabis use was associated with increased odds of initiation of nondaily (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 5.50, 95% confidence limits [CL] = 4.02-7.55) and daily cigarette smoking (AOR = 6.70, 95% CL = 4.75-9.46) 1 year later. Among Wave 1 daily smokers, cannabis use was associated with reduced odds of smoking cessation (AOR = 0.36, 95% CL = 0.20-0.65). Among Wave 1 former smokers, cannabis use was associated with increased odds of relapse to daily and nondaily cigarette smoking (daily AOR = 1.90, 95% CL = 1.11-3.26; nondaily AOR = 2.33, 95% CL = 1.61-3.39). CONCLUSIONS Cannabis use was associated with increased cigarette smoking initiation, decreased smoking cessation, and increased smoking relapse among adults in the United States. Increased public education about the relationship between cannabis use and cigarette smoking transitions may be needed as cannabis use becomes more common among US adults. IMPLICATIONS As cannabis use increases in the United States and other countries, an evaluation of the relationships of cannabis use to other health-related behaviors (eg, cigarette smoking) is needed to understand the population-level impact of legalization. Little is known about associations between cannabis use and cigarette smoking transitions (1) using recent longitudinal data, (2) among adults, and (3) examining transitions other than smoking initiation (eg, smoking relapse). Our results suggest that among US adults, cannabis use was associated with increased cigarette smoking initiation among never-smokers, decreased cigarette smoking cessation among current smokers, and increased cigarette smoking relapse among former smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Cristine D Delnevo
- Center for Tobacco Studies, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Katarzyna Wyka
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY
| | - Misato Gbedemah
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY.,Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York, New York, NY
| | - Joun Lee
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY
| | - Jan Copeland
- National Cannabis Prevention and Information Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Renee D Goodwin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY.,Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York, New York, NY.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
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Goodwin RD, Weinberger AH, Kim JH, Wu M, Galea S. Trends in anxiety among adults in the United States, 2008-2018: Rapid increases among young adults. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 130:441-446. [PMID: 32905958 PMCID: PMC7441973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In a time of global uncertainty, understanding the psychological health of the American public is imperative. There are no current data on anxiety trends among adults in the United States (US) over time. This study aimed to investigate prevalence of anxiety among US adults from 2008 to 2018. METHODS Data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), which is an annual, cross-sectional survey on substance use and mental health in the US, were analyzed in 2020. Prevalence of past-month anxiety was estimated among those ages ≥18, by survey year from 2008 to 2018. Time trends were tested using logistic regression. RESULTS Anxiety increased from 5.12% in 2008 to 6.68% in 2018 (p < 0.0001) among adult Americans. Stratification by age revealed the most notable increase from 7.97% to 14.66% among respondents 18-25 years old (p < 0.001), which was a more rapid increase than among 26-34 and 35-49 year olds (differential time trend p < 0.001). Anxiety did not significantly increase among those ages 50 and older. Anxiety increased more rapidly among those never married and with some college education, relative to their respective counterparts. Apart from age, marital status and education, anxiety increased consistently among sociodemographic groups. CONCLUSIONS Anxiety is increasing among adults under age 50 in the US, with more rapid increase among young adults. To prepare for a healthier adulthood and given direct and indirect (via 24/7 media) exposure to anxiety-provoking world events, prophylactic measures that can bolster healthy coping responses and/or treatment seeking seem warranted on a broad scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee D. Goodwin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA,Corresponding author. Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Rm 1030D, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Andrea H. Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA,Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - June H. Kim
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melody Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sandro Galea
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Weinberger AH, Delnevo CD, Zhu J, Gbedemah M, Lee J, Cruz LN, Kashan RS, Goodwin RD. Trends in Cigar Use in the United States, 2002-2016: Diverging Trends by Race/Ethnicity. Nicotine Tob Res 2020; 22:583-587. [PMID: 31013341 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntz060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although there are racial/ethnic differences in cigarette use, little is known about how non-cigarette tobacco use differs among racial/ethnic groups. This study investigated trends in cigar use from 2002 to 2016, by racial/ethnic group, in nationally representative US data. METHODS Data were drawn from the 2002-2016 National Survey on Drug Use and Health public use data files (total analytic sample n = 630 547 including 54 060 past-month cigar users). Linear time trends of past-month cigar use were examined by racial/ethnic group (Non-Hispanic [NH] White, NH Black, Hispanic, NH Other/Mixed Race/Ethnicity) using logistic regression models. RESULTS In 2016, the prevalence of past-month cigar use was significantly higher among NH Black respondents than among other racial/ethnic groups (ps < .001). Cigar use was also higher among NH White respondents than among Hispanic and NH Other/Mixed Race/Ethnicity respondents. The year by racial/ethnic group interaction was significant (p < .001). Past-month cigar use decreased significantly from 2002 to 2016 among NH White and Hispanic respondents (ps = .001), whereas no change in prevalence was observed among NH Black (p = .779) and NH Other/Mixed Race/Ethnicity respondents (p = .152). Cigar use decreased for NH White men (p < .001) and did not change for NH White women (p = .884). Conversely, cigar use increased for NH Black women (p < .001) and did not change for NH Black men (p = .546). CONCLUSIONS Cigar use remains significantly more common among NH Black individuals in the United States and is not declining among NH Black and NH Other/Mixed Race/Ethnicity individuals over time, in contrast to declines among NH White and Hispanic individuals. IMPLICATIONS This study identified racial/ethnic differences in trends in past-month cigar use over 15 years among annual cross-sectional samples of US individuals. The highest prevalence of cigar use in 2016 was found among NH Black individuals. In addition, cigar use prevalence did not decline from 2002 to 2016 among NH Black and NH Other/Mixed Race/Ethnicity groups over time, in contrast to NH White and Hispanic groups. Further, cigar use increased over time for NH Black women. Targeted public health and clinical efforts may be needed to decrease the prevalence of cigar use, especially for NH Black individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Cristine D Delnevo
- Center for Tobacco Studies, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York, New York, NY.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY
| | - Misato Gbedemah
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY
| | - Joun Lee
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY.,Department of Clinical Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Lisa N Cruz
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY
| | - Rachel S Kashan
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY
| | - Renee D Goodwin
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, City University of New York, New York, NY.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
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Cruz LN, Weinberger AH, Shuter J, Lee CJ. Wisconsin Card Sorting Task-64 performance among HIV+ Black/African American and Latinx adults compared to normative samples and by sociocultural and health variables. Appl Neuropsychol Adult 2020; 29:816-828. [PMID: 32985252 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2020.1813142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Many people living with HIV experience cognitive impairment, and HIV disproportionately affects racial/ethnic minority groups. Independent of HIV, racial/ethnic minority individuals perform worse than White individuals on cognitive tasks, even after accounting for education. Our goals were to (1) compare WCST-64 scores between HIV+ Black/African American (Black/AA) (n = 45) and Latinx (n = 41) urban-dwelling adults; (2) compare our total sample to the WCST-64 manual's normative (N) and clinical normative (CN) groups; and (3) explore relationships between WCST-64 performance and sociocultural/health variables. In our sample, employment (12%), mean annual income (<$10,000), and mean education (<12 years) were low, while mean medication adherence rates were high for both Black/AA (90%) and Latinx (87%). WCST-64 scores were similar between groups (p > .05). Percentages of "below average" and "mildly impaired" scores in our sample were higher than the N group, and similar to the CN group. Lifetime heroin use, dementia, and longer HIV illness duration were significantly associated with worse WCST-64 performance (ps < .05). The observed low scores in our asymptomatic sample are likely due to the intersectionality of sociocultural and medical burden, highlighting complexities in interpreting neuropsychological data in real-world HIV+ clinics. Executive deficits are linked to poorer outcomes, and routine cognitive screening may be clinically indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa N Cruz
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan Shuter
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.,AIDS Center and Division of Infectious Diseases, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Christine J Lee
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
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Parker MA, Weinberger AH. Opioid Use Disorder Trends from 2002 to 2017 by Cigarette Smoking Status in the United States. Nicotine Tob Res 2020; 23:1405-1409. [DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
There have been significant increases in opioid use and opioid-related overdose deaths in the United States (US). While cigarette smoking remains disproportionately high among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD), it is unknown whether trends in OUD differ by cigarette use. This study examined differences in OUD by smoking status and trends in OUD by smoking status over time.
Methods
Data were harnessed from US National Surveys on Drug Use and Health, annual cross-sectional, nationally representative samples of individuals aged 12 and older. Past-year OUD prevalences were estimated each year from 2002 to 2017 among persons with current daily, current nondaily, former, and never cigarette smoking (n = 891 548). Linear time trends of OUD were examined using logistic regression models.
Results
In 2017, OUD was significantly more common among persons with daily (2.6%) and nondaily (1.5%) smoking compared with those with former (0.5%) or never (0.2%) smoking. Overall, the prevalence of OUD increased between 2002 and 2017, although trends differed by smoking status. Adjusting for background characteristics, the prevalence of OUD increased significantly among individuals with daily (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04, 1.07), nondaily (AOR = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.05), and former smoking (AOR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.09), but decreased among those who never smoked (AOR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.97, 0.99).
Conclusions
In the United States, the prevalence of OUD was higher among individuals with current cigarette smoking relative to those with former and never smoking. OUD increased among persons with current and former smoking from 2002 to 2017, in contrast to a decrease in OUD among those who never smoked.
Implications
OUDs are increasing in the United States and are associated with difficulty quitting cigarettes. Our data from representative national samples of US individuals showed that although OUD increased among those with both current and former smoking over time, OUD remained significantly higher among persons with current (daily and nondaily) smoking versus persons who formerly smoked cigarettes. In addition, youth with cigarette smoking had particularly high prevalences of OUDs. Cigarette smoking may be important to address alongside OUD to reduce the harmful consequences of OUD and cigarette use especially among younger individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Parker
- Indiana University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Bloomington, IN
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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Streck JM, Weinberger AH, Pacek LR, Gbedemah M, Goodwin RD. Cigarette Smoking Quit Rates Among Persons With Serious Psychological Distress in the United States From 2008 to 2016: Are Mental Health Disparities in Cigarette Use Increasing? Nicotine Tob Res 2020; 22:130-134. [PMID: 30351429 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/nty227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prior work suggests that the prevalence of cigarette smoking is persistently higher among people with mental health problems, relative to those without. Lower quit rates are one factor that could contribute to higher prevalence of smoking in this group. This study estimated trends in the cigarette quit rates among people with and without past-month serious psychological distress (SPD) from 2008 to 2016 in the United States. METHODS Data were drawn from 91 739 adult participants in the 2008-2016 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, a repeated, cross-sectional, national survey. Linear time trends of cigarette quit rates, stratified by past-month SPD, were assessed using logistic regression models with continuous year as the predictor. RESULTS Cigarette quit rates among individuals with past-month SPD were lower than among those without SPD every year from 2008 to 2016. Quit rates did not change appreciably among those with past-month SPD (odds ratio = 1.02 [0.99, 1.06]) from 2008 to 2016, whereas quit rates increased among those without past-month SPD (odds ratio = 1.02 [1.01, 1.02]). CONCLUSIONS In the United States, quit rates among individuals with past-month SPD are approximately half than quit rates of those without SPD and have not increased over the past decade. This discrepancy in quit rates may be one factor driving increasing disparities in prevalence of smoking among those with versus without mental health problems. Tobacco control efforts require effective and targeted interventions for those with mental health problems. IMPLICATIONS Cigarette smoking quit rates have not increased among persons with serious mental health problems over the past decade. This work extends prior findings showing that smoking prevalence is not declining as quickly among persons with serious mental health problems. Findings suggest that diverging trends in quit rates are one possible driver of the persistent disparity in smoking by mental health status. Innovation in both tobacco control and targeted interventions for smokers with mental health problems is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M Streck
- Department of Psychological Science, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.,Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Yeshiva University Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Lauren R Pacek
- Division of Addictions, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Misato Gbedemah
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY.,Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY
| | - Renee D Goodwin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY.,Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
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Pacek LR, Weinberger AH, Zhu J, Goodwin RD. Rapid increase in the prevalence of cannabis use among people with depression in the United States, 2005-17: the role of differentially changing risk perceptions. Addiction 2020; 115:935-943. [PMID: 31797462 PMCID: PMC7156311 DOI: 10.1111/add.14883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To estimate trends in the prevalence of cannabis use and risk perceptions of cannabis use from 2005 to 2017 among United States people with and without depression. DESIGN Linear time trends of the prevalence of any, daily and non-daily past 30-day cannabis use and perceived great risk associated with regular cannabis use (outcome variables) among people with and without past-year depression were assessed using logistic regression with survey year as the predictor. All analyses were adjusted for gender, age, race/ethnicity and income; models assessing time trends of cannabis use prevalence were also adjusted for perceived risk. SETTING The United States: National Survey on Drug Use and Health, an annual cross-sectional survey, 2005-17 public use data files. PARTICIPANTS A total of 728 691 people aged ≥ 12 years. MEASUREMENTS Self-report of any, daily and non-daily past 30-day cannabis use and perceived great risk associated with regular cannabis use. FINDINGS The prevalence of any, daily and non-daily cannabis use in the past month was higher among those with depression versus those without [e.g. 2017 for any use: 18.94 versus 8.67%; adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.17 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.92, 2.45)]. Any, daily and non-daily cannabis use increased among people with and without depression from 2005 to 2017, yet the increase in any (aORs = 1.06 versus 1.05; P = 0.008) and daily (aORs = 1.10 versus 1.07; P = 0.021) cannabis use adjusted for socio-demographic characteristics was more rapid among those with depression. Perception of great risk associated with regular cannabis use was significantly lower among those with depression (P < 0.001) and decreased significantly more rapidly over the study period among people with depression, compared with those without (aORs = 0.89 versus 0.92; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of cannabis use in the United States increased from 2005 to 2017 among people with and without depression and was approximately twice as common among those with depression. People with depression experienced a more rapid decrease in perception of risk, which may be related to the more rapid increase in any and daily past-month cannabis use in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren R. Pacek
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA 27705
| | - Andrea H. Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA 10461,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA 10461
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA 10027
| | - Renee D. Goodwin
- Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA 10027,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA 10027,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA 10032
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Pang RD, Bello MS, Liautaud MM, Weinberger AH, Leventhal AM. Gender Differences in Negative Affect During Acute Tobacco Abstinence Differ Between African American and White Adult Cigarette Smokers. Nicotine Tob Res 2020; 21:1072-1078. [PMID: 29917091 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/nty122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prior studies have found heightened negative affect following tobacco abstinence in women compared to men. However, experimental work addressing whether these findings generalize across racial groups is scarce. This study investigated whether race (non-Hispanic White vs. non-Hispanic African American) moderated gender differences in abstinence-induced negative affect and smoking behavior. METHODS Data were collected from 2010 to 2017 from two separate laboratory studies investigating experimentally manipulated tobacco abstinence. Following a baseline session, adult daily smokers (≥10 cigarettes/day; women: n = 297, 83.8% non-Hispanic African American; men: n = 492, 86.2% non-Hispanic African American) attended two counterbalanced lab sessions (16 hours abstinent vs. non-abstinent) and completed self-report measures of negative affect followed by a laboratory analogue smoking reinstatement task. RESULTS We found a gender × race interaction for several negative affect states and composite negative affect (βs = -.12 to -.16, Ps < .05). Analyses stratified by race showed that non-Hispanic White women compared to non-Hispanic White men exhibited greater abstinence-induced increases in anger, anxiety, and composite negative affect (βs = -.20 to -.29, Ps < .05). No significant gender differences in abstinence-induced negative affect were found for non-Hispanic African American smokers (βs = .00 to - .04, Ps > .05). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that negative affect during acute tobacco abstinence may be a clinically important and intervenable factor that can inform cessation interventions specifically for non-Hispanic White women smokers. Further empirical exploration of mechanisms underlying interactions of gender and race in tobacco addiction may benefit smoking cessation efforts in non-Hispanic African American women smokers. IMPLICATIONS This study contributes to a scant body of research examining the intersectional influence of race and gender on abstinence-induced negative affect-a central, motivationally prepotent feature of tobacco withdrawal. Using a laboratory-based design to experimentally manipulate abstinence, we provide evidence of a gender × race interaction on negative affect-related withdrawal. Our findings suggest that gender differences in abstinence-induced negative affect observed among non-Hispanic White smokers may not generalize to non-Hispanic African American smokers, highlighting the need for future work to address potential mechanisms underlying the racially discrepant impact of gender on affective tobacco withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raina D Pang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Mariel S Bello
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Madalyn M Liautaud
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York, NY.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Adam M Leventhal
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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Allen AM, Weinberger AH, Wetherill RR, Howe CL, McKee SA. Oral Contraceptives and Cigarette Smoking: A Review of the Literature and Future Directions. Nicotine Tob Res 2020; 21:592-601. [PMID: 29165663 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntx258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence continues to mount indicating that endogenous sex hormones (eg, progesterone and estradiol) play a significant role in smoking-related outcomes. Although approximately one out of four premenopausal smokers use oral contraceptives (OCs), which significantly alter progesterone and estradiol levels, relatively little is known about how OCs may influence smoking-related outcomes. Thus, the goal of this review article is to describe the state of the literature and offer recommendations for future directions. METHODS In March 2017, we searched seven databases, with a restriction to articles written in English, using the following keywords: nicotine, smoker(s), smoking, tobacco, cigarettes, abstinence, withdrawal, and craving(s). We did not restrict on the publication date, type, or study design. RESULTS A total of 13 studies were identified. Three studies indicated faster nicotine metabolism in OC users compared to nonusers. Five of six laboratory studies that examined physiological stress response noted heightened response in OC users compared to nonusers. Three studies examined cessation-related symptomatology (eg, craving) with mixed results. One cross-sectional study observed greater odds of current smoking among OC users, and no studies have explored the relationship between OC use and cessation outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Relatively few studies were identified on the role of OCs in smoking-related outcomes. Future work could explore the relationship between OC use and mood, stress, weight gain, and brain function/connectivity, as well as cessation outcomes. Understanding the role of OC use in these areas may lead to the development of novel smoking cessation interventions for premenopausal women. IMPLICATIONS This is the first review of the relationship between oral contraceptives (OCs) and smoking-related outcomes. The existing literature suggests that the use of OCs is related to increased nicotine metabolism and physiological stress response. However, the relationship between OC use and smoking-related symptoms (eg, craving) is mixed. Further, no published data were available on OC use and smoking cessation outcomes. Therefore, we recommend additional research be conducted to characterize the relationship between OC use and smoking cessation outcomes, perhaps as a function of the effect of OC use on mood, stress, weight gain, and brain function/connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M Allen
- Family & Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, USA
| | - Reagan R Wetherill
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Carol L Howe
- University of Arizona Health Sciences Library, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Sherry A McKee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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