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Winchester L, Barber I, Lawton M, Ash J, Liu B, Evetts S, Hopkins-Jones L, Lewis S, Bresner C, Malpartida AB, Williams N, Gentlemen S, Wade-Martins R, Ryan B, Holgado-Nevado A, Hu M, Ben-Shlomo Y, Grosset D, Lovestone S. Identification of a possible proteomic biomarker in Parkinson's disease: discovery and replication in blood, brain and cerebrospinal fluid. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcac343. [PMID: 36694577 PMCID: PMC9856276 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers to aid diagnosis and delineate the progression of Parkinson's disease are vital for targeting treatment in the early phases of the disease. Here, we aim to discover a multi-protein panel representative of Parkinson's and make mechanistic inferences from protein expression profiles within the broader objective of finding novel biomarkers. We used aptamer-based technology (SomaLogic®) to measure proteins in 1599 serum samples, 85 cerebrospinal fluid samples and 37 brain tissue samples collected from two observational longitudinal cohorts (the Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre and Tracking Parkinson's) and the Parkinson's Disease Brain Bank, respectively. Random forest machine learning was performed to discover new proteins related to disease status and generate multi-protein expression signatures with potential novel biomarkers. Differential regulation analysis and pathway analysis were performed to identify functional and mechanistic disease associations. The most consistent diagnostic classifier signature was tested across modalities [cerebrospinal fluid (area under curve) = 0.74, P = 0.0009; brain area under curve = 0.75, P = 0.006; serum area under curve = 0.66, P = 0.0002]. Focusing on serum samples and using only those with severe disease compared with controls increased the area under curve to 0.72 (P = 1.0 × 10-4). In the validation data set, we showed that the same classifiers were significantly related to disease status (P < 0.001). Differential expression analysis and weighted gene correlation network analysis highlighted key proteins and pathways with known relationships to Parkinson's. Proteins from the complement and coagulation cascades suggest a disease relationship to immune response. The combined analytical approaches in a relatively large number of samples, across tissue types, with replication and validation, provide mechanistic insights into the disease as well as nominate a protein signature classifier that deserves further biomarker evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Winchester
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Imelda Barber
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Michael Lawton
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jessica Ash
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Benjamine Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Samuel Evetts
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre and Division of Neurology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lucinda Hopkins-Jones
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Suppalak Lewis
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Catherine Bresner
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Ana Belen Malpartida
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nigel Williams
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Steve Gentlemen
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Richard Wade-Martins
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Brent Ryan
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Michele Hu
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre and Division of Neurology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Donald Grosset
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Simon Lovestone
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
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2
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Plasencia-Martínez JM, Rovira À, Caro Domínguez P, Barber I, García-Garrigós E, Arenas-Jiménez JJ. Extrathoracic manifestations of COVID-19 in adults and presentation of the disease in children. Radiologia 2021; 63:370-383. [PMID: 35370317 PMCID: PMC8077575 DOI: 10.1016/j.rx.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
El síndrome de distrés respiratorio grave por el virus coronavirus 2, conocido como SARS-CoV-2, fue declarado pandemia mundial en marzo de 2020 por la Organización Mundial de la Salud y sigue activo actualmente en casi todos los países del mundo. Aunque los síntomas y manifestaciones en pruebas de imagen predominan en el aparato respiratorio, conocer las manifestaciones y posibles complicaciones en otros órganos será fundamental para ayudar al diagnóstico y orientar hacia el pronóstico de la enfermedad. Saber cuándo están indicadas las pruebas de imagen extratorácicas y cuáles son más rentables en cada circunstancia será crucial para mejorar el proceso diagnóstico sin aumentar innecesariamente el riesgo de contagio. En este trabajo hemos tratado de proporcionar estas respuestas, y hemos descrito iconográficamente las manifestaciones radiológicas de la enfermedad COVID-19 en regiones extratorácicas en adultos, así como en su conjunto en el paciente pediátrico.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Plasencia-Martínez
- Sección de Radiología de Urgencias e Imagen Cardíaca, Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital General Universitario José María Morales Meseguer, Murcia, España.
| | - À Rovira
- Sección de Neurorradiología, Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España
| | - P Caro Domínguez
- Unidad de Radiología Pediátrica, Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España
| | - I Barber
- Unidad de Radiología Pediátrica, Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, España
| | - E García-Garrigós
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, España
| | - J J Arenas-Jiménez
- Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, España
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3
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Guerreiro R, Escott-Price V, Hernandez DG, Kun-Rodrigues C, Ross OA, Orme T, Neto JL, Carmona S, Dehghani N, Eicher JD, Shepherd C, Parkkinen L, Darwent L, Heckman MG, Scholz SW, Troncoso JC, Pletnikova O, Dawson T, Rosenthal L, Ansorge O, Clarimon J, Lleo A, Morenas-Rodriguez E, Clark L, Honig LS, Marder K, Lemstra A, Rogaeva E, St George-Hyslop P, Londos E, Zetterberg H, Barber I, Braae A, Brown K, Morgan K, Troakes C, Al-Sarraj S, Lashley T, Holton J, Compta Y, Van Deerlin V, Serrano GE, Beach TG, Lesage S, Galasko D, Masliah E, Santana I, Pastor P, Diez-Fairen M, Aguilar M, Tienari PJ, Myllykangas L, Oinas M, Revesz T, Lees A, Boeve BF, Petersen RC, Ferman TJ, Graff-Radford N, Cairns NJ, Morris JC, Pickering-Brown S, Mann D, Halliday GM, Hardy J, Trojanowski JQ, Dickson DW, Singleton A, Stone DJ, Bras J. Heritability and genetic variance of dementia with Lewy bodies. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 127:492-501. [PMID: 30953760 PMCID: PMC6588425 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent large-scale genetic studies have allowed for the first glimpse of the effects of common genetic variability in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), identifying risk variants with appreciable effect sizes. However, it is currently well established that a substantial portion of the genetic heritable component of complex traits is not captured by genome-wide significant SNPs. To overcome this issue, we have estimated the proportion of phenotypic variance explained by genetic variability (SNP heritability) in DLB using a method that is unbiased by allele frequency or linkage disequilibrium properties of the underlying variants. This shows that the heritability of DLB is nearly twice as high as previous estimates based on common variants only (31% vs 59.9%). We also determine the amount of phenotypic variance in DLB that can be explained by recent polygenic risk scores from either Parkinson's disease (PD) or Alzheimer's disease (AD), and show that, despite being highly significant, they explain a low amount of variance. Additionally, to identify pleiotropic events that might improve our understanding of the disease, we performed genetic correlation analyses of DLB with over 200 diseases and biomedically relevant traits. Our data shows that DLB has a positive correlation with education phenotypes, which is opposite to what occurs in AD. Overall, our data suggests that novel genetic risk factors for DLB should be identified by larger GWAS and these are likely to be independent from known AD and PD risk variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Guerreiro
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI) at UCL, London, UK
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI) at Cardiff, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Dena G Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institutes on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)-Tubingen, Germany
| | - Celia Kun-Rodrigues
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Tatiana Orme
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI) at UCL, London, UK
| | - Joao Luis Neto
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI) at UCL, London, UK
| | - Susana Carmona
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI) at UCL, London, UK
| | - Nadia Dehghani
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI) at UCL, London, UK
| | - John D Eicher
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck Research Laboratories, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claire Shepherd
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia and School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Laura Parkkinen
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford Parkinsons Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lee Darwent
- UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI) at UCL, London, UK
| | - Michael G Heckman
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Sonja W Scholz
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Olga Pletnikova
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ted Dawson
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Liana Rosenthal
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Olaf Ansorge
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford Parkinsons Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jordi Clarimon
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Lleo
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estrella Morenas-Rodriguez
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorraine Clark
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence S Honig
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karen Marder
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Afina Lemstra
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases and department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter St George-Hyslop
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases and department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elisabet Londos
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Institution of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London UK, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK, Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Molndal, Sweden
| | - Imelda Barber
- Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Anne Braae
- Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kristelle Brown
- Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kevin Morgan
- Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Claire Troakes
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Safa Al-Sarraj
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Tammaryn Lashley
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Janice Holton
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Yaroslau Compta
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK, Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Clinical Neuroscience Institute (ICN), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Vivianna Van Deerlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Geidy E Serrano
- Banner Sun Health Research Institute, 10515 W Santa Fe Drive, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA
| | - Thomas G Beach
- Banner Sun Health Research Institute, 10515 W Santa Fe Drive, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA
| | - Suzanne Lesage
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR and S1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, Paris, France
| | - Douglas Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Isabel Santana
- Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine and Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pau Pastor
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology,University Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, University of Barcelona, Fundacion de Docencia I Recerca Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Enfermedades Neurdegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Monica Diez-Fairen
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology,University Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, University of Barcelona, Fundacion de Docencia I Recerca Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Enfermedades Neurdegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miquel Aguilar
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology,University Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, University of Barcelona, Fundacion de Docencia I Recerca Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Enfermedades Neurdegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pentti J Tienari
- Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liisa Myllykangas
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Minna Oinas
- Department of Neuropathology and Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tamas Revesz
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Andrew Lees
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Brad F Boeve
- Neurology Department, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Tanis J Ferman
- Department of Psychiatry and Department of Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Nigel J Cairns
- Knight Alzheimers Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - John C Morris
- Knight Alzheimers Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stuart Pickering-Brown
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David Mann
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Glenda M Halliday
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia and School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | - Andrew Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institutes on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David J Stone
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA, USA
| | - Jose Bras
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI) at UCL, London, UK.
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4
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Guerreiro R, Orme T, Neto JL, Bras J, Hardy J, Kun-Rodrigues C, Darwent L, Orme T, Neto J, Carmona S, Ansorge O, Parkkinen L, Morgan K, Brown K, Braae A, Barber I, Troakes C, Al-Sarraj S, Lashley T, Holton J, Compta Y, Revesz T, Lees A, Zetterberg H, Escott-Price V, Pickering-Brown S, Mann D, Singleton A, Hernandez D, Ross O, Dickson D, Graff-Radford N, Ferman T, Petersen R, Boeve B, Heckman M, Trojanowski JQ, Van Deerlin V, Cairns N, Morris J, Stone DA, Eicher J, Clark L, Honig L, Marder K, Serrano G, Beach T, Galasko D, Masliah E, Rogaeva E, St. George-Hyslop P, Clarimon J, Lleo A, Morenas-Rodriguez E, Pastor P, Diez-Fairen M, Aquilar M, Shepherd C, Halliday G, Tienari P, Myllykangas L, Oinas M, Santana I, Lesage S, Londos E, Lemstra A, Bras J. LRP10 in α-synucleinopathies. Lancet Neurol 2018; 17:1032-1033. [PMID: 30507384 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(18)30399-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Guerreiro
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, UK
| | - Tatiana Orme
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, UK
| | - João Luís Neto
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, UK
| | - Jose Bras
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, UK.
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5
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Kun-Rodrigues C, Orme T, Carmona S, Hernandez DG, Ross OA, Eicher JD, Shepherd C, Parkkinen L, Darwent L, Heckman MG, Scholz SW, Troncoso JC, Pletnikova O, Dawson T, Rosenthal L, Ansorge O, Clarimon J, Lleo A, Morenas-Rodriguez E, Clark L, Honig LS, Marder K, Lemstra A, Rogaeva E, St George-Hyslop P, Londos E, Zetterberg H, Barber I, Braae A, Brown K, Morgan K, Troakes C, Al-Sarraj S, Lashley T, Holton J, Compta Y, Van Deerlin V, Serrano GE, Beach TG, Lesage S, Galasko D, Masliah E, Santana I, Pastor P, Diez-Fairen M, Aguilar M, Tienari PJ, Myllykangas L, Oinas M, Revesz T, Lees A, Boeve BF, Petersen RC, Ferman TJ, Escott-Price V, Graff-Radford N, Cairns NJ, Morris JC, Pickering-Brown S, Mann D, Halliday GM, Hardy J, Trojanowski JQ, Dickson DW, Singleton A, Stone DJ, Guerreiro R, Bras J. A comprehensive screening of copy number variability in dementia with Lewy bodies. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 75:223.e1-223.e10. [PMID: 30448004 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The role of genetic variability in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is now indisputable; however, data regarding copy number variation (CNV) in this disease has been lacking. Here, we used whole-genome genotyping of 1454 DLB cases and 1525 controls to assess copy number variability. We used 2 algorithms to confidently detect CNVs, performed a case-control association analysis, screened for candidate CNVs previously associated with DLB-related diseases, and performed a candidate gene approach to fully explore the data. We identified 5 CNV regions with a significant genome-wide association to DLB; 2 of these were only present in cases and absent from publicly available databases: one of the regions overlapped LAPTM4B, a known lysosomal protein, whereas the other overlapped the NME1 locus and SPAG9. We also identified DLB cases presenting rare CNVs in genes previously associated with DLB or related neurodegenerative diseases, such as SNCA, APP, and MAPT. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting genome-wide CNVs in a large DLB cohort. These results provide preliminary evidence for the contribution of CNVs in DLB risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Kun-Rodrigues
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Tatiana Orme
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI) at UCL, London, UK
| | - Susana Carmona
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI) at UCL, London, UK
| | - Dena G Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institutes on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tubingen, Germany
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - John D Eicher
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck Research Laboratories, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claire Shepherd
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia and School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Laura Parkkinen
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford Parkinsons Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lee Darwent
- UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI) at UCL, London, UK; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Michael G Heckman
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Sonja W Scholz
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Olga Pletnikova
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ted Dawson
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Liana Rosenthal
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Olaf Ansorge
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford Parkinsons Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jordi Clarimon
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Lleo
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estrella Morenas-Rodriguez
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorraine Clark
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence S Honig
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karen Marder
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Afina Lemstra
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter St George-Hyslop
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elisabet Londos
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Institution of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London UK, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK and Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Molndal, Sweden
| | - Imelda Barber
- Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Anne Braae
- Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kristelle Brown
- Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kevin Morgan
- Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Claire Troakes
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Safa Al-Sarraj
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Tammaryn Lashley
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Janice Holton
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Yaroslau Compta
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Clinical Neuroscience Institute (ICN), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vivianna Van Deerlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | | | - Suzanne Lesage
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, Paris, France
| | - Douglas Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Isabel Santana
- Neurology Service, University of Coimbra Hospital, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pau Pastor
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, University of Barcelona, and Fundacio de Docencia I Recerca Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Enfermedades Neurdegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Monica Diez-Fairen
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, University of Barcelona, and Fundacio de Docencia I Recerca Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Enfermedades Neurdegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miquel Aguilar
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, University of Barcelona, and Fundacio de Docencia I Recerca Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Enfermedades Neurdegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pentti J Tienari
- Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liisa Myllykangas
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Minna Oinas
- Department of Neuropathology and Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tamas Revesz
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Andrew Lees
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Brad F Boeve
- Neurology Department, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Tanis J Ferman
- Department of Psychiatry and Department of Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Nigel J Cairns
- Knight Alzheimers Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - John C Morris
- Knight Alzheimers Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stuart Pickering-Brown
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David Mann
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Glenda M Halliday
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia and School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | - Andrew Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institutes on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David J Stone
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck and Co, West Point, PA, USA
| | - Rita Guerreiro
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI) at UCL, London, UK; Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine, iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jose Bras
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI) at UCL, London, UK; Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine, iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Guerreiro R, Ross OA, Kun-Rodrigues C, Hernandez DG, Orme T, Eicher JD, Shepherd CE, Parkkinen L, Darwent L, Heckman MG, Scholz SW, Troncoso JC, Pletnikova O, Ansorge O, Clarimon J, Lleo A, Morenas-Rodriguez E, Clark L, Honig LS, Marder K, Lemstra A, Rogaeva E, St George-Hyslop P, Londos E, Zetterberg H, Barber I, Braae A, Brown K, Morgan K, Troakes C, Al-Sarraj S, Lashley T, Holton J, Compta Y, Van Deerlin V, Serrano GE, Beach TG, Lesage S, Galasko D, Masliah E, Santana I, Pastor P, Diez-Fairen M, Aguilar M, Tienari PJ, Myllykangas L, Oinas M, Revesz T, Lees A, Boeve BF, Petersen RC, Ferman TJ, Escott-Price V, Graff-Radford N, Cairns NJ, Morris JC, Pickering-Brown S, Mann D, Halliday GM, Hardy J, Trojanowski JQ, Dickson DW, Singleton A, Stone DJ, Bras J. Investigating the genetic architecture of dementia with Lewy bodies: a two-stage genome-wide association study. Lancet Neurol 2018; 17:64-74. [PMID: 29263008 PMCID: PMC5805394 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(17)30400-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia with Lewy bodies is the second most common form of dementia in elderly people but has been overshadowed in the research field, partly because of similarities between dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. So far, to our knowledge, no large-scale genetic study of dementia with Lewy bodies has been done. To better understand the genetic basis of dementia with Lewy bodies, we have done a genome-wide association study with the aim of identifying genetic risk factors for this disorder. METHODS In this two-stage genome-wide association study, we collected samples from white participants of European ancestry who had been diagnosed with dementia with Lewy bodies according to established clinical or pathological criteria. In the discovery stage (with the case cohort recruited from 22 centres in ten countries and the controls derived from two publicly available database of Genotypes and Phenotypes studies [phs000404.v1.p1 and phs000982.v1.p1] in the USA), we performed genotyping and exploited the recently established Haplotype Reference Consortium panel as the basis for imputation. Pathological samples were ascertained following autopsy in each individual brain bank, whereas clinical samples were collected after participant examination. There was no specific timeframe for collection of samples. We did association analyses in all participants with dementia with Lewy bodies, and also only in participants with pathological diagnosis. In the replication stage, we performed genotyping of significant and suggestive results from the discovery stage. Lastly, we did a meta-analysis of both stages under a fixed-effects model and used logistic regression to test for association in each stage. FINDINGS This study included 1743 patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (1324 with pathological diagnosis) and 4454 controls (1216 patients with dementia with Lewy bodies vs 3791 controls in the discovery stage; 527 vs 663 in the replication stage). Results confirm previously reported associations: APOE (rs429358; odds ratio [OR] 2·40, 95% CI 2·14-2·70; p=1·05 × 10-48), SNCA (rs7681440; OR 0·73, 0·66-0·81; p=6·39 × 10-10), an GBA (rs35749011; OR 2·55, 1·88-3·46; p=1·78 × 10-9). They also provide some evidence for a novel candidate locus, namely CNTN1 (rs7314908; OR 1·51, 1·27-1·79; p=2·32 × 10-6); further replication will be important. Additionally, we estimate the heritable component of dementia with Lewy bodies to be about 36%. INTERPRETATION Despite the small sample size for a genome-wide association study, and acknowledging the potential biases from ascertaining samples from multiple locations, we present the most comprehensive and well powered genetic study in dementia with Lewy bodies so far. These data show that common genetic variability has a role in the disease. FUNDING The Alzheimer's Society and the Lewy Body Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Guerreiro
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, UK; Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine, iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Celia Kun-Rodrigues
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dena G Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institutes on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Tatiana Orme
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Claire E Shepherd
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura Parkkinen
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lee Darwent
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Michael G Heckman
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Sonja W Scholz
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Olga Pletnikova
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Olaf Ansorge
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jordi Clarimon
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Lleo
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estrella Morenas-Rodriguez
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorraine Clark
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence S Honig
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karen Marder
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Afina Lemstra
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter St George-Hyslop
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elisabet Londos
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Institution of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, UK; Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Molndal, Sweden
| | - Imelda Barber
- Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Anne Braae
- Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kristelle Brown
- Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kevin Morgan
- Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Claire Troakes
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Safa Al-Sarraj
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tammaryn Lashley
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Janice Holton
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Yaroslau Compta
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Parkinson's Disease & Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Department of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vivianna Van Deerlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Suzanne Lesage
- Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR, Paris, France; S1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle epiniere, Paris, France
| | - Douglas Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institutes on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Division of Neurosciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Isabel Santana
- Neurology Service, University of Coimbra Hospital, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pau Pastor
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Fundacio de Docencia I Recerca Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monica Diez-Fairen
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Fundacio de Docencia I Recerca Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Aguilar
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Fundacio de Docencia I Recerca Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pentti J Tienari
- Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liisa Myllykangas
- Department of Pathology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; HUSLAB, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Minna Oinas
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neuropathology and Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tamas Revesz
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Lees
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Brad F Boeve
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Tanis J Ferman
- Department of Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Nigel J Cairns
- Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - John C Morris
- Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stuart Pickering-Brown
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David Mann
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Glenda M Halliday
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John Hardy
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, UK; Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Andrew Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institutes on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Jose Bras
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, UK; Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine, iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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7
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Chaudhury SR, Patel T, Barber I, Guetta‐Baranes T, Brookes KJ, Chappell S, Guerreiro R, Bras JT, Hernandez D, Singleton A, Hardy J, Mann DM, Morgan K. [P3–110]: CALCULATING POLYGENIC RISK FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH SPORADIC EARLY ONSET ALZHEIMER's DISEASE. Alzheimers Dement 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.06.1321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tulsi Patel
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - John Hardy
- UCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Kevin Morgan
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
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8
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Kun-Rodrigues C, Ross OA, Orme T, Shepherd C, Parkkinen L, Darwent L, Hernandez D, Ansorge O, Clark LN, Honig LS, Marder K, Lemstra A, Scheltens P, van der Flier W, Louwersheimer E, Holstege H, Rogaeva E, St George-Hyslop P, Londos E, Zetterberg H, Barber I, Braae A, Brown K, Morgan K, Maetzler W, Berg D, Troakes C, Al-Sarraj S, Lashley T, Holton J, Compta Y, Van Deerlin V, Trojanowski JQ, Serrano GE, Beach TG, Clarimon J, Lleó A, Morenas-Rodríguez E, Lesage S, Galasko D, Masliah E, Santana I, Diez M, Pastor P, Tienari PJ, Myllykangas L, Oinas M, Revesz T, Lees A, Boeve BF, Petersen RC, Ferman TJ, Escott-Price V, Graff-Radford N, Cairns NJ, Morris JC, Stone DJ, Pickering-Brown S, Mann D, Dickson DW, Halliday GM, Singleton A, Guerreiro R, Bras J. Analysis of C9orf72 repeat expansions in a large international cohort of dementia with Lewy bodies. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 49:214.e13-214.e15. [PMID: 27666590 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
C9orf72 repeat expansions are a common cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. To date, no large-scale study of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) has been undertaken to assess the role of C9orf72 repeat expansions in the disease. Here, we investigated the prevalence of C9orf72 repeat expansions in a large cohort of DLB cases and identified no pathogenic repeat expansions in neuropathologically or clinically defined cases, showing that C9orf72 repeat expansions are not causally associated with DLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Kun-Rodrigues
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Tatiana Orme
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Claire Shepherd
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Laura Parkkinen
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lee Darwent
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Dena Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institutes on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Olaf Ansorge
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lorraine N Clark
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence S Honig
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karen Marder
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Afina Lemstra
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Philippe Scheltens
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wiesje van der Flier
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eva Louwersheimer
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henne Holstege
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Department of Medicine, Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter St George-Hyslop
- Department of Medicine, Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elisabet Londos
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Institution of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Imelda Barber
- Translation Cell Sciences-Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Anne Braae
- Translation Cell Sciences-Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kristelle Brown
- Translation Cell Sciences-Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kevin Morgan
- Translation Cell Sciences-Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Walter Maetzler
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department of Neurodegeneration, Center of Neurology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniela Berg
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department of Neurodegeneration, Center of Neurology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Claire Troakes
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Safa Al-Sarraj
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tammaryn Lashley
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Janice Holton
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Yaroslau Compta
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Clinical Neuroscience Institute (ICN), Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vivianna Van Deerlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Jordi Clarimon
- Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universidad Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Alberto Lleó
- Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universidad Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Estrella Morenas-Rodríguez
- Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universidad Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Suzanne Lesage
- Sorbonne Université, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 06, Inserm, Centre National de la Reserche Scientifique, Institute du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Département de Génétique et Cytogénétique, Paris, France
| | - Douglas Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Isabel Santana
- Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Monica Diez
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mútua de Terrassa, and Foundation Mútua de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pau Pastor
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mútua de Terrassa, and Foundation Mútua de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pentti J Tienari
- Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liisa Myllykangas
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland and HUSLAB
| | - Minna Oinas
- Department of Neuropathology and Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tamas Revesz
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Andrew Lees
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Brad F Boeve
- Neurology Department, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Tanis J Ferman
- Department of Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Department of Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Nigel J Cairns
- Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John C Morris
- Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David J Stone
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA, USA
| | - Stuart Pickering-Brown
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David Mann
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Glenda M Halliday
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institutes on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rita Guerreiro
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine-iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jose Bras
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine-iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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9
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Pinho GLL, Martins CMG, Barber I. Copper accumulation by stickleback nests containing spiggin. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:13554-13559. [PMID: 27164885 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6784-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The three-spined stickleback is a ubiquitous fish of marine, brackish and freshwater ecosystems across the Northern hemisphere that presents intermediate sensitivity to copper. Male sticklebacks display a range of elaborate reproductive behaviours that include nest construction. To build the nests, each male binds nesting material together using an endogenous glycoprotein nesting glue, known as 'spiggin'. Spiggin is a cysteine-rich protein and, therefore, potentially binds heavy metals present in the environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the capacity of stickleback nests to accumulate copper from environmental sources. Newly built nests, constructed by male fish from polyester threads in laboratory aquaria, were immersed in copper solutions ranging in concentration from 21.1-626.6 μg Cu L(-1). Bundles of polyester threads from aquaria without male fish were also immersed in the same copper solutions. After immersion, nests presented higher amounts of copper than the thread bundles, indicating a higher capacity of nests to bind this metal. A significant, positive correlation between the concentration of copper in the exposure solution and in the exposed nests was identified, but there was no such relationship for thread bundles. Since both spiggin synthesis and male courtship behaviour are under the control of circulating androgens, we predicted that males with high courtship scores would produce and secrete high levels of the spiggin protein. In the present study, nests built by high courtship score males accumulated more copper than those built by low courtship score males. Considering the potential of spiggin to bind metals, the positive relationship between fish courtship and spiggin secretion seems to explain the higher amount of copper on the nests from the fish showing high behaviour scores. Further work is now needed to determine the consequences of the copper binding potential of spiggin in stickleback nests for the health and survival of developing embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L L Pinho
- Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| | - C M G Martins
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - I Barber
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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10
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Patel T, Clement NS, Barber I, Braae A, Brookes KJ, Guetta-Baranes T, Chappell S, Guerreiro R, Bras JT, Singleton A, Hardy J, Morgan K. P3‐091: Investigating
SARM1
Variants in Alzheimer’s Disease Cohorts. Alzheimers Dement 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.06.1750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tulsi Patel
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Naomi S. Clement
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Imelda Barber
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Anne Braae
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Keeley J. Brookes
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Tamar Guetta-Baranes
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Sally Chappell
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | | | | | | | - John Hardy
- UCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Kevin Morgan
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
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11
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Brookes KJ, Patel T, Zapata-Erazo G, Barber I, Braae A, Guetta-Baranes T, Clement NS, Medway C, Chappell S, Morgan K. P2‐065: Identifying Polymorphisms in The Alzheimer’s Related
APP
Gene Using The Oxford Nanopore Minion Sequencer. Alzheimers Dement 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.06.1270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tulsi Patel
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | | | | | - Anne Braae
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Kevin Morgan
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
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12
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Carrasquillo MM, Barber I, Lincoln SJ, Murray ME, Camsari GB, Khan QUA, Nguyen T, Ma L, Bisceglio GD, Crook JE, Younkin SG, Dickson DW, Boeve BF, Graff-Radford NR, Morgan K, Ertekin-Taner N. Evaluating pathogenic dementia variants in posterior cortical atrophy. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 37:38-44. [PMID: 26507310 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is an understudied visual impairment syndrome most often due to "posterior Alzheimer's disease (AD)" pathology. Case studies detected mutations in PSEN1, PSEN2, GRN, MAPT, and PRNP in subjects with clinical PCA. To detect the frequency and spectrum of mutations in known dementia genes in PCA, we screened 124 European-American subjects with clinical PCA (n = 67) or posterior AD neuropathology (n = 57) for variants in genes implicated in AD, frontotemporal dementia, and prion disease using NeuroX, a customized exome array. Frequencies in PCA of the variants annotated as pathogenic or potentially pathogenic were compared against ∼ 4300 European-American population controls from the NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project. We identified 2 rare variants not previously reported in PCA, TREM2 Arg47His, and PSEN2 Ser130Leu. No other pathogenic or potentially pathogenic variants were detected in the screened dementia genes. In this first systematic variant screen of a PCA cohort, we report 2 rare mutations in TREM2 and PSEN2, validate our previously reported APOE ε4 association, and demonstrate the utility of NeuroX.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Imelda Barber
- Human Genetics Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sarah J Lincoln
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Thuy Nguyen
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Julia E Crook
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Kevin Morgan
- Human Genetics Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nilüfer Ertekin-Taner
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
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13
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Seear PJ, Rosato E, Goodall-Copestake WP, Barber I. The molecular evolution of spiggin nesting glue in sticklebacks. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:4474-88. [PMID: 26173374 PMCID: PMC4989455 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Gene duplication and subsequent divergence can lead to the evolution of new functions and lineage-specific traits. In sticklebacks, the successive duplication of a mucin gene (MUC19) into a tandemly arrayed, multigene family has enabled the production of copious amounts of 'spiggin', a secreted adhesive protein essential for nest construction. Here, we examine divergence between spiggin genes among three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) from ancestral marine and derived freshwater populations, and propose underpinning gene duplication mechanisms. Sanger sequencing revealed substantial diversity among spiggin transcripts, including alternatively spliced variants and interchromosomal spiggin chimeric genes. Comparative analysis of the sequenced transcripts and all other spiggin genes in the public domain support the presence of three main spiggin lineages (spiggin A, spiggin B and spiggin C) with further subdivisions within spiggin B (B1, B2) and spiggin C (C1, C2). Spiggin A had diverged least from the ancestral MUC19, while the spiggin C duplicates had diversified most substantially. In silico translations of the spiggin gene open reading frames predicted that spiggins A and B are secreted as long mucin-like polymers, while spiggins C1 and C2 are secreted as short monomers, with putative antimicrobial properties. We propose that diversification of duplicated spiggin genes has facilitated local adaptation of spiggin to a range of aquatic habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Seear
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - E Rosato
- Department of Genetics, College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | | | - I Barber
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
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14
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Bras J, Guerreiro R, Darwent L, Parkkinen L, Ansorge O, Escott-Price V, Hernandez DG, Nalls MA, Clark LN, Honig LS, Marder K, Van Der Flier WM, Lemstra A, Scheltens P, Rogaeva E, St George-Hyslop P, Londos E, Zetterberg H, Ortega-Cubero S, Pastor P, Ferman TJ, Graff-Radford NR, Ross OA, Barber I, Braae A, Brown K, Morgan K, Maetzler W, Berg D, Troakes C, Al-Sarraj S, Lashley T, Compta Y, Revesz T, Lees A, Cairns N, Halliday GM, Mann D, Pickering-Brown S, Dickson DW, Singleton A, Hardy J. Genetic analysis implicates APOE, SNCA and suggests lysosomal dysfunction in the etiology of dementia with Lewy bodies. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:6139-46. [PMID: 24973356 PMCID: PMC4222357 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical and neuropathological similarities between dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases (PD and AD, respectively) suggest that these disorders may share etiology. To test this hypothesis, we have performed an association study of 54 genomic regions, previously implicated in PD or AD, in a large cohort of DLB cases and controls. The cohort comprised 788 DLB cases and 2624 controls. To minimize the issue of potential misdiagnosis, we have also performed the analysis including only neuropathologically proven DLB cases (667 cases). The results show that the APOE is a strong genetic risk factor for DLB, confirming previous findings, and that the SNCA and SCARB2 loci are also associated after a study-wise Bonferroni correction, although these have a different association profile than the associations reported for the same loci in PD. We have previously shown that the p.N370S variant in GBA is associated with DLB, which, together with the findings at the SCARB2 locus, suggests a role for lysosomal dysfunction in this disease. These results indicate that DLB has a unique genetic risk profile when compared with the two most common neurodegenerative diseases and that the lysosome may play an important role in the etiology of this disorder. We make all these data available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Bras
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience,
| | | | | | - Laura Parkkinen
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Olaf Ansorge
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Dena G Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institutes on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Michael A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institutes on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Lorraine N Clark
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, and
| | - Lawrence S Honig
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karen Marder
- Taub Institute for Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wiesje M Van Der Flier
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Afina Lemstra
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Department of Medicine, Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter St George-Hyslop
- Department of Medicine, Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, and Cambridge National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Unit in Dementia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Elisabet Londos
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Institute Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Sara Ortega-Cubero
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Division of Neurosciences, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain, Department of Neurology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra School of Medicine, Pamplona, Spain, CIBERNED, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pau Pastor
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Division of Neurosciences, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain, Department of Neurology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra School of Medicine, Pamplona, Spain, CIBERNED, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Imelda Barber
- Translation Cell Sciences - Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Anne Braae
- Translation Cell Sciences - Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kristelle Brown
- Translation Cell Sciences - Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kevin Morgan
- Translation Cell Sciences - Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Walter Maetzler
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department of Neurodegeneration, Center of Neurology, University of Tuebingen, and DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Daniela Berg
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department of Neurodegeneration, Center of Neurology, University of Tuebingen, and DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Claire Troakes
- MRC London Neurodegenerative Diseases Brain Bank, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
| | - Safa Al-Sarraj
- MRC London Neurodegenerative Diseases Brain Bank, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
| | - Tammaryn Lashley
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, and
| | - Yaroslau Compta
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, and Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Tamas Revesz
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, and
| | - Andrew Lees
- Queen Square Brain Bank, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, and
| | - Nigel Cairns
- Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Glenda M Halliday
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - David Mann
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK and
| | - Stuart Pickering-Brown
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK and
| | | | - Andrew Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institutes on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - John Hardy
- Reta Lila Weston Research Laboratories, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
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15
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Lord J, Turton J, Braae A, Barber I, Medway C, Brown K, Morgan K. P2‐030: INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF CLU, PICALM, AND CR1 IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. Alzheimers Dement 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2014.05.703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Lord
- Washington University in St LouisSt LouisMissouriUnited States
| | - James Turton
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Anne Braae
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Kevin Morgan
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
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16
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Barber I, Braae A, Turton J, Lord J, Medway CW, Brown K, Morgan K. P2‐029: AN INTRONIC 6 BASE PAIR DELETION IN APP THAT POTENTIALLY AFFECTS EXON 17 SPLICING. Alzheimers Dement 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2014.05.702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imelda Barber
- University of NottinghamNottinghamEnglandUnited Kingdom
| | - Anne Braae
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | - James Turton
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Jenny Lord
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | | | | | - Kevin Morgan
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
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17
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Braae A, Turton J, Lord J, Medway C, Brown K, Barber I, Morgan K. P1‐052: DEEP SEQUENCING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE ASSOCIATED GENES, CLU, PICALM, CR1, ABCA7, BIN1, MS4A, CD2AP, EPHA1, AND CD33 IDENTIFIES POTENTIAL FUNCTIONAL SNPS. Alzheimers Dement 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2014.05.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Braae
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | - James Turton
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Jenny Lord
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Kevin Morgan
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
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18
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Benitez BA, Jin SC, Guerreiro R, Graham R, Lord J, Harold D, Sims R, Lambert JC, Gibbs JR, Bras J, Sassi C, Harari O, Bertelsen S, Lupton MK, Powell J, Bellenguez C, Brown K, Medway C, Haddick PCG, van der Brug MP, Bhangale T, Ortmann W, Behrens T, Mayeux R, Pericak-Vance MA, Farrer LA, Schellenberg GD, Haines JL, Turton J, Braae A, Barber I, Fagan AM, Holtzman DM, Morris JC, Williams J, Kauwe JS, Amouyel P, Morgan K, Singleton A, Hardy J, Goate AM, Cruchaga C, Singleton A, Hardy J, Goate AM, Cruchaga C. Missense variant in TREML2 protects against Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 35:1510.e19-26. [PMID: 24439484 PMCID: PMC3961557 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
TREM and TREM-like receptors are a structurally similar protein family encoded by genes clustered on chromosome 6p21.11. Recent studies have identified a rare coding variant (p.R47H) in TREM2 that confers a high risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition, common single nucleotide polymorphisms in this genomic region are associated with cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for AD and a common intergenic variant found near the TREML2 gene has been identified to be protective for AD. However, little is known about the functional variant underlying the latter association or its relationship with the p.R47H. Here, we report comprehensive analyses using whole-exome sequencing data, cerebrospinal fluid biomarker analyses, meta-analyses (16,254 cases and 20,052 controls) and cell-based functional studies to support the role of the TREML2 coding missense variant p.S144G (rs3747742) as a potential driver of the meta-analysis AD-associated genome-wide association studies signal. Additionally, we demonstrate that the protective role of TREML2 in AD is independent of the role of TREM2 gene as a risk factor for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno A. Benitez
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sheng Chih Jin
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rita Guerreiro
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK,Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rob Graham
- Diagnostic Discovery Department, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jenny Lord
- Human Genetics, School of Molecular Medical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Denise Harold
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rebecca Sims
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jean-Charles Lambert
- Inserm, Lille, France,Universite Lille 2, Lille, France,Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - J. Raphael Gibbs
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK,Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jose Bras
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Celeste Sassi
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK,Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Oscar Harari
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sarah Bertelsen
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - John Powell
- Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Celine Bellenguez
- Inserm, Lille, France,Universite Lille 2, Lille, France,Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Kristelle Brown
- Human Genetics, School of Molecular Medical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Christopher Medway
- Human Genetics, School of Molecular Medical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Patrick CG. Haddick
- Diagnostic Discovery Department, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Tushar Bhangale
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ward Ortmann
- Human Genetics Department, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tim Behrens
- Human Genetics Department, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Richard Mayeux
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA,Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margaret A. Pericak-Vance
- The John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA,Dr John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Lindsay A. Farrer
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Biomedical Genetics, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Neurology, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Biostatistics, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gerard D. Schellenberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan L. Haines
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jim Turton
- Human Genetics, School of Molecular Medical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Anne Braae
- Human Genetics, School of Molecular Medical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Imelda Barber
- Human Genetics, School of Molecular Medical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Anne M. Fagan
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David M. Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John C. Morris
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Julie Williams
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - John S.K. Kauwe
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Inserm, Lille, France,Universite Lille 2, Lille, France,Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Kevin Morgan
- Human Genetics, School of Molecular Medical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andy Singleton
- Human Genetics Department, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John Hardy
- Human Genetics Department, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alison M. Goate
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,Alternate corresponding author at: Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue B8134, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Tel.: +314 286 0546; fax: +314 747 2983.
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Universite Lille 2, Lille, France.
| | - Andy Singleton
- Human Genetics Department, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John Hardy
- Human Genetics Department, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alison M Goate
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Universite Lille 2, Lille, France.
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19
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Dingemanse NJ, Barber I, Wright J, Brommer JE. Quantitative genetics of behavioural reaction norms: genetic correlations between personality and behavioural plasticity vary across stickleback populations. J Evol Biol 2012; 25:485-96. [PMID: 22236352 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02439.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Behavioural ecologists have proposed various evolutionary mechanisms as to why different personality types coexist. Our ability to understand the evolutionary trajectories of personality traits requires insights from the quantitative genetics of behavioural reaction norms. We assayed > 1000 pedigreed stickleback for initial exploration behaviour of a novel environment, and subsequent changes in exploration over a few hours, representing their capacity to adjust their behaviour to changes in perceived novelty and risk. We found heritable variation in both the average level of exploration and behavioural plasticity, and population differences in the sign of the genetic correlation between these two reaction norm components. The phenotypic correlation was not a good indicator of the genetic correlation, implying that quantitative genetics are necessary to appropriately evaluate evolutionary hypotheses in cases such as these. Our findings therefore have important implications for future studies concerning the evolution of personality and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Dingemanse
- Department of Behavioural Ecology & Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Germany.
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20
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Macnab V, Scott AP, Katsiadaki I, Barber I. Variation in the reproductive potential of Schistocephalus infected male sticklebacks is associated with 11-ketotestosterone titre. Horm Behav 2011; 60:371-9. [PMID: 21781969 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2011.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Revised: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Parasites can impact host reproduction by interfering with host endocrine systems, but the adaptive nature of such effects is disputed. Schistocephalus solidus plerocercoids are parasites of three-spined sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus that are often associated with impaired host reproduction. Here, we relate reproductive behavior and physiology to levels of the androgen 11-ketotestosterone (11KT) in naturally infected and non-infected male sticklebacks from two UK populations. In one population infected males harbored heavy infections and showed uniformly reduced 11KT titres and kidney spiggin (nesting glue protein) content compared to non-infected fish. However in a second population infection levels were more variable and males with smaller infections recorded 11KT and spiggin titres that overlapped those of non-infected fish; among infected males from this population 11KT and kidney spiggin also both correlated negatively with infection severity. Male reproductive behavior correlated closely with 11KT titre in both populations, and infected males with high 11KT levels exhibited normal reproductive behavior. Our results suggest that Schistocephalus infection per se does not block reproductive development in male sticklebacks, and that some male fish may have the ability to breed whilst infected. Our results are not consistent with the hypothesis that Schistocephalus adaptively castrates male hosts via endocrine disruption; rather they support the hypothesis that reproductive disruption is a side effect of the energetic costs of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Macnab
- Department of Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
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21
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Bueno J, Perez-Lafuente M, Venturi C, Segarra A, Barber I, Molino JA, Romero A, Ortega J, Bilbao I, Martinez-Ibañez V, Charco R. No-touch hepatic hilum technique to treat early portal vein thrombosis after pediatric liver transplantation. Am J Transplant 2010; 10:2148-53. [PMID: 20887425 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2010.03236.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A 'no-touch' hilum technique used to treat early portal vein complications post-liver transplantation in five children with body weight <10 kg is described. Four patients developed thrombosis and one portal flow absence secondary to collateral steal flow. A vascular sheath was placed through the previous laparotomy in the ileocolic vein (n = 2), inferior mesenteric vein (n = 1) or graft umbilical vein (n = 1). Portal clots were mechanically fragmented with balloon angioplasty. In addition, coil embolization of competitive collaterals (n = 3) and stent placement (n = 1) were performed. The catheter was left in place and exteriorized through the wound (n = 2) or a different transabdominal wall puncture (n = 3). A continuous transcatheter perfusion of heparin was subsequently administered. One patient developed recurrent thrombosis 24 h later which was resolved with the same technique. Catheters were removed surgically after a mean of 10.6 days. All patients presented portal vein patency at the end of follow-up. Three patients are alive after 5 months, 1.5 and 3.5 years, respectively; one patient required retransplantation 18 days postprocedure and the remaining patient died of adenovirus infection 2 months postprocedure. In conclusion, treatment of early portal vein complications following pediatric liver transplantation with this novel technique is feasible and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bueno
- Pediatric Liver Transplantation Unit, Hospital Universitario Valle de Hebron, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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22
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Bobes J, Alegría AA, Saiz-Gonzalez MD, Barber I, Pérez JL, Saiz-Ruiz J. Change in psychiatrists' attitudes towards the physical health care of patients with schizophrenia coinciding with the dissemination of the consensus on physical health in patients with schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 2010; 26:305-12. [PMID: 20541373 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2010.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2009] [Revised: 03/30/2010] [Accepted: 04/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the impact of the "Spanish Consensus on Physical Health in Patients with Schizophrenia" on psychiatrists' evaluations of the physical health of patients with schizophrenia. METHOD Epidemiological, non-interventional, national, multicentre study, with two retrospective, cross-sectional data collection stages in which 229 psychiatrists evaluated 1193 clinical records of patients with schizophrenia (ICD-10) seen in January and September of 2007. RESULTS Mean age of the patients was 39.7±11.6 years, 65.5% were men, diagnosed for schizophrenia 14.0±10.3 years ago. Forty percent of the patients suffer from a concomitant disease, the most prevalent being hypercholesterolemia (46.3%), hypertriglyceridaemia (33.5%) and arterial hypertension (26.0%). The difference in the number of patients who had all the physical measurements taken between the two cross-sectional evaluations was 13.8% (CI: 11.8%, 15.7%). The differences for each parameter were: weight 13.7% (CI: 11.7%, 15.6%), BMI 13.58% (CI: 11.6%, 15.5%), waist circumference 14.0% (CI: 12.0%, 15.39%), lipid profile 2.9% (CI: 1.9%, 3.9%) and glycaemia 2.6% (CI: 1.7%, 3.5%). CONCLUSIONS These results imply that the dissemination of the "Consensus on Physical Health in Schizophrenia Patients", and possibly other actions, has made psychiatrists more aware of an integral approach to patients with schizophrenia, promoting increased monitoring of the physical health of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bobes
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (Cibersam), Psychiatry Department, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 6, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
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23
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Montejo AL, Riesgo Y, Luque J, Barber I. Observational, open-label, prospective multicenter study of sexual function in patients starting treatment with aripiprazole. Actas Esp Psiquiatr 2010; 38:13-21. [PMID: 20931406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2010] [Accepted: 01/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Treatment with neuroleptics may be associated with secondary sexual dysfunction. Studies of sexual dysfunction induced by antipsychotic are important to establish the effectiveness of these agents in patients taking chronic treatments. The main objective of this study was to evaluate prospectively whether a 3 month course ofaripiprazole produces changes in the sexual function of patients with schizophrenia. METHODS The efficacy analysis was performed in the intention-to-treat population (41 patients) and the per protocol population (36 patients). The safety analysis was based on the total sample (42 patients). RESULTS The incidence of sexual dysfunction after 3 months of treatment with aripiprazole was zero both in patients who switched therapy due to lack of efficacy and in those taking aripiprazole as a first antipsychotic. Aripiprazole led to an improvement in the symptoms of psychosis (score on the BPRS) and lower scores on the SALSEX questionnaire.The most remarkable improvement was in delayed eyaculation/orgasm. CONCLUSION During the 3 months of treatment, we observed an overall improvement in sexual performance, with a quicker recovery in men than in women, although recovery was similar in both at the end of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Montejo
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca Salamanca, Spain.
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24
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Macnab V, Katsiadaki I, Barber I. Reproductive potential of Schistocephalus solidus-infected male three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus from two U.K. populations. J Fish Biol 2009; 75:2095-2107. [PMID: 20738675 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02411.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Male three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus from two U.K. populations with endemic infections of the cestode Schistocephalus solidus were brought into the laboratory prior to the breeding season and transferred to nesting tanks under conditions designed to stimulate sexual maturation. Nesting and courtship behaviours were scored over a 35 day period, after which fish were euthanized and the liver, spleen, kidney and gonads were weighed. Among G. aculeatus from a park pond in Leicester, U.K., infected males rarely engaged in reproductive behaviours and exhibited reduced indices of sexual development, body condition and general health, with effects being largely independent of relative parasite mass (parasite index, I(P)). In contrast, the reproductive behaviour of infected fish from Kendoon Loch in Dumfriesshire, U.K. appeared to be less severely affected, with infected fish regularly building nests and courting females under laboratory conditions. This was paralleled by a more limited effect of infection on physiological indicators of development, condition and general health. Furthermore, behavioural and physiological variables typically correlated with I(P) among infected fish from this population. Although comparing the performance of infected fish from the two populations directly was difficult due to potentially confounding factors, the results support the findings of recent studies showing that the effects of S. solidus on host reproduction are unlikely to be uniform across G. aculeatus populations. One possibility is that variation in the effects of infection arises from differences in the co-evolutionary association times of G. aculeatus with the parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Macnab
- Department of Biology, Adrian Building, University Road, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
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25
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Barber I, Davies AJ, Ironside JE, Forsgren E, Amundsen T. First record of a Kabatana sp. microsporidium infecting fish in the Atlantic Ocean. Dis Aquat Organ 2009; 83:145-152. [PMID: 19326795 DOI: 10.3354/dao02019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Two-spotted goby Gobiusculus flavescens from the Swedish Gullmarsfjord regularly present subcutaneous creamy-white patches in the body musculature, associated with Kabatana sp. infection. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene of the microsporidium showed 98.54% homology with Kabatana newberryi infecting a marine goby from California, indicating that the Swedish microsporidium is either a different strain of K. newberryi or a closely related species. This represents the first record of a Kabatana species in the Atlantic Ocean. The genetic similarity of the 2 microsporidia was paralleled by close infection phenotypes. Infected muscle fibres were swollen compared to adjacent non-infected fibres, and mature spore masses were found throughout the skeletal musculature. No xenoma formation was detected. Since G. flavescens is an established model species in behavioural ecology, the host-parasite system is ideally suited for testing how microsporidian infections affect host behaviour and fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Barber
- Department of Biology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
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26
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Peiró JL, Carreras E, Soldado F, Sanchez-Duran MA, Aguirre M, Barber I, Martinez-Ibañez V. Fetoscopic release of umbilical cord amniotic band in a human fetus. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2009; 33:232-234. [PMID: 19173230 DOI: 10.1002/uog.6289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Umbilical cord amniotic bands occur in approximately 10% of cases of amniotic band syndrome and are a well-known cause of fetal death. An unexpected amniotic band encircling the umbilical cord was diagnosed during a fetoscopic procedure to release a leg constriction. Both bands were released fetoscopically using a YAG laser. We report the first case of an amniotic band involving the umbilical cord diagnosed and released prenatally.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Peiró
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fetal Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Area Maternoinfantil, Barcelona, Spain
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27
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Canas F, Camacho M, Ros S, Serrano M, Riesgo Y, Luque J, Vieitez P, Barber I. Effectiveness and patterns of switching to aripiprazole in schizophrenic patients. Rea I and rea II studies. Eur Psychiatry 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.01.756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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28
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Montejo A, Campos M, Fombellida C, Franco M, Garcia Mellado J, Urnaiz AP, Olivares J, Ortega M, Prieto N, Riesgo Y, Barber I. Prospective, multicenter, open-label, observational study of sexual function in patients beginning aripiprazole treatment. Eur Psychiatry 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.01.846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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30
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Dörücü M, Wilson D, Barber I. Differences in Adult Egg Output of Schistocephalus solidus From Singly- and Multiply-Infected Sticklebacks. J Parasitol 2007; 93:1521-3. [DOI: 10.1645/ge-1221.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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31
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Barber I, Svensson PA. Effects of experimental Schistocephalus solidus infections on growth, morphology and sexual development of female three-spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus. Parasitology 2003; 126:359-67. [PMID: 12741515 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182002002925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The use of naturally infected hosts in studies attempting to identify parasite-induced changes in host biology is problematical because it does not eliminate the possibility that infection may be a consequence, rather than a cause, of host trait variation. In addition, uncontrolled concomitant infections may confound results. In this study we experimentally infected individual laboratory-bred female three-spined sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus L. with the pseudophyllidean cestode Schistocephalus solidus [Müller], and compared the morphology and growth patterns of infected females with sham-exposed controls over a 16-week period. Fish were fed a ration of 8% body weight per day. Non-invasive image analysis techniques allowed the growth of individual plerocercoids to be tracked in vivo throughout the course of infection, and patterns of host and parasite growth were determined. Females that developed infections diverged morphometrically from unexposed control females and exposed-uninfected females at 6 weeks post-infection, with the width of the body at the pectoral fins giving the earliest indication of infection success. When including the plerocercoid, infected females gained weight more quickly than controls, but when plerocercoid weight was removed this trend was reversed. There was no effect of infection on the increase in fish length. Plerocercoids grew at different rates in individual hosts, and exhibited measurable sustained weight increases of up to 10% per day. Final estimates of plerocercoid weight from morphometric analysis prior to autopsy were accurate to within +/- 17% of actual plerocercoid weight. At autopsy, infected female sticklebacks had significantly lower perivisceral fat reserves but had developed significantly larger ovaries than controls. The results are discussed in relation to previous studies examining natural infections, and the value of utilizing experimental infections to examine ecological aspects of host-parasite interactions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Barber
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Wales Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, Wales, UK.
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32
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33
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Barber I, Arnott SA, Braithwaite VA, Andrew J, Huntingford FA. Indirect fitness consequences of mate choice in sticklebacks: offspring of brighter males grow slowly but resist parasitic infections. Proc Biol Sci 2001; 268:71-6. [PMID: 12123300 PMCID: PMC1087602 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2000.1331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
'Good genes' models of sexual selection suggest that elaborate male sexual ornaments have evolved as reliable signals of male quality because only males of high genetic viability are able to develop and maintain them. Females benefit from choosing such individuals if quality is heritable. A key prediction is that the offspring of males with elaborate mating displays will perform better than those of less elaborate males, but it has proved difficult to demonstrate such an effect independently of the effects of differences in parental investment. We tested for 'good genes' linked to male ornamentation in the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus using in vitro fertilization to generate maternal half-siblings, which were raised without parental care. Maternal half-siblings sired by brightly coloured males grew less quickly than half-siblings sired by dull males but were more resistant to a controlled disease challenge. Among the offspring that became infected, those with brighter fathers had higher white blood cell counts. This suggests that highly ornamented males confer disease resistance on their offspring. The association with reduced growth suggests a mechanism for the maintenance of heritable variation in both disease resistance and male sexual coloration.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Barber
- Fish Biology Group, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK.
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34
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Abstract
Antrochoanal polyp (Killian polyp) is an infrequent, usually solitary, benign, slowly growing lesion that arises from the maxillary antrum and reaches the choana. These polyps have a discrete male predominance and are diagnosed usually between the third and the fifth decades of life. This report is based on three cases of antrochoanal polyp, occurring in the pediatric group, and the objective is to demonstrate their different CT characteristics, principal differential diagnoses, and potential complications. We emphasize that in all three cases of our series the growth of the polyp to the choana is through the accessory ostium.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Pruna
- Department of Radiology, Hospital General de Granollers, Barcelona, Spain
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35
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Rosen LA, Barber I, Lyle DB. A 0.5 G, 60 Hz magnetic field suppresses melatonin production in pinealocytes. Bioelectromagnetics 2000; 19:123-7. [PMID: 9492170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop a model for testing various hypotheses concerning possible mechanisms whereby electromagnetic fields might induce suppression of nighttime melatonin production in rodents. A published method for digesting freshly obtained pineal glands to the single cell level was modified, yielding better than 95% viability. An in vitro exposure facility developed for the Food and Drug Administration was used for 12-h overnight exposures of primary pinealocyte cultures to 0.05 mT, 60 Hz, vertical AC and 0.06 microT, DC fields. After exposure, cells were separated from the supernatant by centrifugation. Supernatant melatonin was measured by ELISA assays. Data from 10 experiments demonstrated an average 46% reduction in norepinephrine-induced production of melatonin in the pinealocytes. The results support the hypothesis that EM exposure can produce pineal gland melatonin suppression by affecting individual cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Rosen
- Division of Research Grants, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-7854, USA.
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36
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Abstract
We describe the design, construction details, and performance characteristics of an exposure system designed to provide very well controlled extremely-low-frequency magnetic field exposures of in vitro samples. This system uses Helmholtz coils placed inside temperature-controlled mu-metal chambers to provide simultaneous ac and dc field exposures at any relative angle with minimal residual background field. The system has both exposed and sham-exposed chambers and is operated under computer control in such a way as to ensure blind exposure of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Davis
- Electrical Engineering Department, University of Maryland, College Park 20742, USA
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Abstract
Parasites impose an energetic cost upon their hosts, yet, paradoxically instances have been reported in which infection is associated with enhanced, rather than diminished, host growth rates. Field studies of these parasite effects are problematic, since the pre-infection condition of the hosts is generally unknown. Here, we describe a laboratory experiment in which the growth rate and body condition of 76 laboratory-reared three-spined stickleback fishes were examined before, during and after each fish was fed the infective stage of the parasitic cestode Schistocephalus solidus. Twenty-one of these fishes went on to become infected by the cestode. Fishes were individually housed and provided with an abundant food supply to eliminate the potentially masking effects of variable competitive ability. Infection occurred independently of fish gender, size, body condition or pre-exposure growth rate. After exposure to the cestode, infected fishes grew faster (excluding parasite weight) and maintained a similar or better body condition compared with uninfected fishes, despite developing enlarged spleens. The accelerated growth could not be explained by reduced gonadal development. This result, one of few demonstrations of parasite-associated growth enhancement in fishes, is discussed with respect to other such parasite systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Arnott
- Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Division of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, University of Glasgow, UK.
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38
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Abstract
Parasitized animals are often reported to have a reduced competitive ability in experimental studies designed to examine foraging success under a specific type of competitive interaction; however, since animals compete under a range of competition regimes in natural situations, and because success is likely to require different foraging skills under each, it is unclear whether infected animals should be equally poor competitors under all competitive scenarios. We studied the foraging success of three-spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus, infected with plerocercoids of a cestode, Schistocephalus solidus, in competition with uninfected conspecifics. When pairs of differentially infected sticklebacks were presented with sequentially introduced items, the numbers of available prey taken by infected and uninfected competitors did not differ significantly, although nonparasitized fish were more successful at taking items over which there was direct competition. In contrast, when prey items were presented simultaneously in a locally dense patch, nonparasitized fish ingested significantly more of the available food than their infected counterparts: an apparent consequence of their greater ability to take items in rapid succession. Our results show that the type of competition conditions generated as a result of specific prey distribution patterns plays a role in determining the relative foraging success of parasitized sticklebacks, and suggest that this may have consequences for the distribution of different infection classes in natural, heterogeneous environments. (c) 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Barber
- Fish Biology Group, Division of Environmental & Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow
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39
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Abstract
Data are presented on the infection dynamics of the brain-dwelling metacercariae of Diplostomum phoxini (Digenea: Trematoda) parasitizing European minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) populations in a lowland river (River Endrick) and a highland loch (Loch Maragan) in central Scotland. Prevalence of the parasite approached 100% in all samples taken from both populations over a 12-month period, and within each population the intensity of infection increased with increasing host fork length. However, the two relationships differed, and size-matched minnows from the Endrick exhibited significantly higher intensities than those from Loch Maragan, suggesting that metacercarial acquisition occurred at different rates in the two populations. Data regarding seasonal trends in the acquisition of D. phoxini indicated that fish in both populations become infected with the parasites mainly during the spring and summer, with negligible infection occurring during winter months. Analysis of size-matched fish from individual samples revealed apparent differences in the distribution of D. phoxini within the two host populations. Whereas D. phoxini metacercariae appeared to be overdispersed amongst length-matched fish from Loch Maragan samples, the parasite was distributed normally amongst fish from the Endrick. Possible reasons for the observed differences in the infection characteristics of D. phoxini in the two minnow populations are discussed, with reference to the parasite's transmission dynamics and local environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Barber
- Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
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Morvan F, Tosquellas G, Mignet N, Barber I, Rayner B, Imbach JL. The Pro-Oligonucleotide Approach: Chimeric Dodecamers Bearing Six Bioreversible Protecting Groups. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1080/07328319708006160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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41
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Barber I, Crompton DW. The distribution of the metacercariae of Diplostomum phoxini in the brain of minnows, Phoxinus phoxinus. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 1997; 44:19-25. [PMID: 9229570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative data are presented on the spatial distribution of metacercariae of the digenean trematode Diplostomum phoxini (Faust, 1918) in the brains of minnows, Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus, 1758), from two Scottish populations. Sequential examination of serial histological sections revealed metacercariae to be unevenly distributed throughout the brain, aggregating in specific regions including the cerebellum, the medulla oblongata and the optic lobes. In addition, a number of metacercariae were found in the anterior part of the spinal cord. The inferior lobe of the cerebellum, pituitary, olfactory lobes and olfactory bulbs were largely free of metacercariae. Reasons for the uneven distribution of metacercariae within the brains of infected minnows are discussed, including the possibility that the parasite may have evolved to enhance its transmission to subsequent hosts by aggregating in regions known to be important in the control of the host's antipredator responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Barber
- Fish Behaviour and Ecology Group, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
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42
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Barber I, Imbach JL, Rayner B. Solution-phase synthesis of phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleosides by the phosphotriester method. Antisense Res Dev 1995; 5:39-47. [PMID: 7613072 DOI: 10.1089/ard.1995.5.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A "phosphorothioate triester method" was investigated for the solution-phase synthesis of phosphorothioate oligonucleosides. Using fully protected 3'-phosphorothiolate thymidine bearing O-cyanoethyl and S-2,4-dichlorobenzyl groups as phosphorothioate protecting groups, decathymidine nonaphosphorothioate was efficiently assembled through a blockwise procedure. Two side reactions occurred during the deprotection steps: breakage of internucleoside linkages (1.8% per linkage) and formation of phosphate diester linkages (0.9%). Substitution of the dichlorobenzyl group by the more labile 4-nitrobenzyl S-protecting group reduced the extent of internucleoside bond breakage by one-half.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Barber
- Laboratoire de Chimie BIo-organique, Université de Montpellier II, France
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43
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Barber I, Baird DJ, Calow P. Clonal Variation in General Responses of Daphnia magna Straus to Toxic Stress. II. Physiological Effects. Funct Ecol 1990. [DOI: 10.2307/2389603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Baird DJ, Barber I, Calow P. Clonal Variation in General Responses of Daphnia magna Straus to Toxic Stress. I. Chronic Life-History Effects. Funct Ecol 1990. [DOI: 10.2307/2389602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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