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van Raaij JJ, Janssen PKC. The rs6296 polymorphism in the 5-HT1b receptor in Dutch men with lifelong premature ejaculation: a genetic case-control association study. J Sex Med 2024; 21:122-128. [PMID: 38050328 DOI: 10.1093/jsxmed/qdad159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifelong premature ejaculation (LPE) is a rare sexual condition believed to be caused by genetic neurobiological disorders. AIM In this study we sought to evaluate the genetic association between the rs6296 polymorphism of the 5-HT1b receptor and intravaginal ejaculation latency times (IELTs) in men with LPE compared with men in a control group. METHODS This study was a prospective observational genetic case-control association study. The LPE definition of the International Society for Sexual Medicine (ISSM) 2013 was used. Patients were recruited in 2005-2009 while attending the department of Neurosexology, HagaZiekenhuis, the Netherlands. We obtained IELTs with the stopwatch method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for genotyping rs6296. A randomly selected group of European Caucasian men from the 1000GENOMES project was used as a control group. OUTCOMES Study outcomes included results of comparisons of analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests between genotypes and IELTs in study participants, genotypes of cases and controls determined with the chi-square test, and expressions of allelotype- and genotype-specific risks for LPE determined with odds ratios. RESULTS In total, 67 men with LPE were included in this study. The geometric mean (SD) IELT was 32.0 (27.4) seconds and was non-normally distributed. Genotype frequencies consisted of 29 (43.3%) GG, 31 (46.3%) GC, and 7(10.4%) CC individuals in the LPE group. Log-transformed IELTs were not statistically significant (per ANOVA tests) in men with GG, GC, or CC genotypes (P = .54). Genotype frequencies consisted of 16 (6.6%) GG; 93 (38.8%) GC, and 131 (54.6%) CC individuals in the control group (n = 240). Significant differences were found when comparing allele (P = 1.02e-17) and genotype (P = 3.22e-16) frequencies in cases and controls using a chi-square test. A statistically significant increased risk for LPE was found for carriers of the G allele (OR 5.62; 95% CI 4.13-9.42). Statistically significant risks were also found for the CG genotype (OR 6.24; 95% CI 2.63-14.77) and the GG genotype (OR 33.92; 95% CI 12.79-89.93). CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS By investigating polymorphisms in target genes the neuro-pathophysiology of LPE could be further elaborated, potentially leading to more effective treatment. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS This is to our knowledge the first study investigating rs6296 with regard to LPE. By using a strict definition for LPE (ISSM 2013) and using the stopwatch method for measuring IELTs, bias in selection of true LPE patients will be relatively low. This study is limited by a relatively small study population and the lack of IELT data in the control group. CONCLUSIONS This study shows a genetic association in rs6296 in men with LPE compared with healthy controls. This result warrants attempted replication in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost J van Raaij
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, VieCuri Medical Centre, Tegelseweg 210, 5912 BL Venlo, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, MUMC+, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paddy K C Janssen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, VieCuri Medical Centre, Tegelseweg 210, 5912 BL Venlo, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, MUMC+, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
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MORIYA Y, KASAHARA Y, ISHIHARA K, HALL FS, HAGINO Y, HEN R, IKEDA K, UHL GR, SORA I. Heterozygous and homozygous gene knockout of the 5-HT1B receptor have different effects on methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization. Behav Pharmacol 2023; 34:393-403. [PMID: 37668157 PMCID: PMC10527357 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The psychostimulant drug methamphetamine (METH) causes euphoria in humans and locomotor hyperactivity in rodents by acting on the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) pathway and has severe abuse and addiction liability. Behavioral sensitization, an increased behavioral response to a drug with repeated administration, can persist for many months after the last administration. Research has shown that the serotonin 1B (5-HT1B) receptor plays a critical role in the development and maintenance of drug addiction, as well as other addictive behaviors. This study examined the role of 5-HT1B receptors in METH-induced locomotor sensitization using 5-HT1B knockout (KO) mice. To clarify the action of METH in 5-HT1B KO mice the effects of METH on extracellular levels of DA (DAec) and 5-HT (5-HTec) in the caudate putamen (CPu) and the nucleus accumbens (NAc) were examined. Locomotor sensitization and extracellular monoamine levels were determined in wild-type mice (5-HT1B +/+), heterozygous 5-HT1B receptor KO (5-HT1B +/-) mice and homozygous 5-HT1B receptor KO mice (5-HT1B -/-). Behavioral sensitization to METH was enhanced in 5-HT1B -/- mice compared to 5-HT1B +/+ mice but was attenuated in 5-HT1B +/- mice compared to 5-HT1B +/+ and 5-HT1B -/- mice. In vivo, microdialysis demonstrated that acute administration of METH increases DAec levels in the CPu and NAc of 5-HT1B KO mice compared to saline groups. In 5-HT1B +/- mice, METH increased 5-HTec levels in the CPu, and DAec levels in the NAc were higher than in others.5-HT1B receptors play an important role in regulating METH-induced behavioral sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki MORIYA
- Department of Biological Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Tohoku University, Japan
- Department of Disaster Psychiatry, International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki KASAHARA
- Department of Biological Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Tohoku University, Japan
- Department of Disaster Psychiatry, International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Maternal and Fetal Therapeutics, Tohoku University Graduate, School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Maternal and Child Healthcare Medical Science, Tohoku, University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kana ISHIHARA
- Department of Biological Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Tohoku University, Japan
| | - F. Scott HALL
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Yoko HAGINO
- Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - René HEN
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Kazutaka IKEDA
- Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - George R. UHL
- Departments of Neurology and Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, and VA Maryland Healthcare System, MD, USA
| | - Ichiro SORA
- Department of Biological Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Tohoku University, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Moskaliuk VS, Kozhemyakina RV, Khomenko TM, Volcho KP, Salakhutdinov NF, Kulikov AV, Naumenko VS, Kulikova EA. On Associations between Fear-Induced Aggression, Bdnf Transcripts, and Serotonin Receptors in the Brains of Norway Rats: An Influence of Antiaggressive Drug TC-2153. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24020983. [PMID: 36674499 PMCID: PMC9867021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Bdnf (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) gene contains eight regulatory exons (I-VIII) alternatively spliced to the protein-coding exon IX. Only exons I, II, IV, and VI are relatively well studied. The BDNF system and brain serotonergic system are tightly interconnected and associated with aggression. The benzopentathiepine TC-2153 affects both systems and exerts antiaggressive action. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of TC-2153 on the Bdnf exons I-IX's expressions and serotonin receptors' mRNA levels in the brain of rats featuring high aggression toward humans (aggressive) or its absence (tame). Aggressive and tame adult male rats were treated once with vehicle or 10 or 20 mg/kg of TC-2153. mRNA was quantified in the cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and midbrain with real-time PCR. Selective breeding for high aggression or its absence affected the serotonin receptors' and Bdnf exons' transcripts differentially, depending on the genotype (strain) and brain region. TC-2153 had comprehensive effects on the Bdnf exons' expressions. The main trend was downregulation in the hypothalamus and midbrain. TC-2153 increased 5-HT1B receptor hypothalamusc mRNA expression. For the first time, an influence of TC-2153 on the expressions of Bdnf regulatory exons and the 5-HT1B receptor was shown, as was an association between Bdnf regulatory exons and fear-induced aggression involving genetic predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitalii S. Moskaliuk
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 10 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Rimma V. Kozhemyakina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 10 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Tatyana M. Khomenko
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, SB RAS, 9 Akad. Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Konstantin P. Volcho
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, SB RAS, 9 Akad. Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nariman F. Salakhutdinov
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, SB RAS, 9 Akad. Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander V. Kulikov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 10 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir S. Naumenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 10 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elizabeth A. Kulikova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 10 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Grubor M, Zivkovic M, Sagud M, Nikolac Perkovic M, Mihaljevic-Peles A, Pivac N, Muck-Seler D, Svob Strac D. HTR1A, HTR1B, HTR2A, HTR2C and HTR6 Gene Polymorphisms and Extrapyramidal Side Effects in Haloperidol-Treated Patients with Schizophrenia. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072345. [PMID: 32231051 PMCID: PMC7178229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a serious, chronic psychiatric disorder requiring lifelong treatment. Extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) are common adverse reactions to antipsychotic medications. In addition to the dopaminergic system, serotonergic mechanisms, including serotonin (5-HT) receptors, might be involved in EPS development. This study aimed to examine molecular associations of HTR1A, HTR1B, HTR2A, HTR2C and HTR6 gene polymorphisms with acute EPS in 229 male schizophrenia patients, following two weeks of haloperidol monotherapy. The Simpson-Angus Rating Scale for Extrapyramidal Side Effects (SAS), Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS) and Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale (ESRS) were used to evaluate EPS severity. Genotyping was performed using real-time PCR, following extraction of blood DNA. Significant acute EPS appeared in 48.03% of schizophrenia patients. For the rs13212041 HTR1B gene polymorphism, affecting microRNA regulation of HTR1B gene expression, a higher frequency of TT carriers was found among haloperidol-treated patients with akathisia when compared to the group without akathisia symptoms. In comparison to C-allele carriers, patients carrying the TT genotype had higher akathisia severity, as determined by the SAS, BARS and ESRS scales. These molecular findings suggest potential involvement of 5-HT1B receptors in akathisia development following haloperidol treatment, as well as possible epigenetic mechanisms of serotonergic modulation associated with antipsychotic-induced EPS.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects
- Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use
- Haloperidol/adverse effects
- Haloperidol/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/genetics
- Receptors, Serotonin/genetics
- Schizophrenia/drug therapy
- Schizophrenia/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Grubor
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Maja Zivkovic
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Z.); (M.S.); (A.M.-P.)
| | - Marina Sagud
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Z.); (M.S.); (A.M.-P.)
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Matea Nikolac Perkovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.N.P.); (N.P.); (D.M.-S.)
| | - Alma Mihaljevic-Peles
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Z.); (M.S.); (A.M.-P.)
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nela Pivac
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.N.P.); (N.P.); (D.M.-S.)
| | - Dorotea Muck-Seler
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.N.P.); (N.P.); (D.M.-S.)
| | - Dubravka Svob Strac
- Laboratory for Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.N.P.); (N.P.); (D.M.-S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-1-457-1207
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Guo J, Ding H, Lv Z, Jiao J, Wang H, Ji Y. Down-regulation effects of IFN-α on p11, 5-htr1b and 5-HTR4 protein levels were affected by NH 4CL or MG132 treatment in SH-sy5y cells. J Biosci 2019; 44:101. [PMID: 31502579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In previous studies, we found interferon-α (IFN-α) could reduce protein levels of p11, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1b (5-HT1b) and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 (5-HT4), but does not influence their messenger RNA levels in SH-sy5y cells. Thus, we investigated the post-transcriptional modulation of these molecules by IFN-α. SH-sy5y cells were treated with IFN-α, NH4Cl or MG132 alone or in combination, and then the protein levels of p11, 5-HT1b and 5-HT4 were analyzed by western blots. The regulatory effects of p11 on 5-HT1b and 5-HT4 were also determined in p11 knock-down cells. NH4Cl but not MG132 could reverse the protein level of p11 in IFN-α-treated SH-sy5y cells. MG132 could recover the protein levels of 5-HT1b and 5-HT4 in p11 knock-down cells. The down-regulation effects of IFN-α on p11, 5-HT1b and 5-HT4 were associated with the lysosome and ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated pathways. p11 was identified as a potent regulator to modulate the ubiquitination of 5-HT1b and 5-HT4. Therefore, it could be potential target therapies in IFN-ainduced depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqiang Guo
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi'an 710061, People's Republic of China
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Bidwell LC, Gray JC, Weafer J, Palmer AA, de Wit H, MacKillop J. Genetic influences on ADHD symptom dimensions: Examination of a priori candidates, gene-based tests, genome-wide variation, and SNP heritability. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2017; 174:458-466. [PMID: 28512748 PMCID: PMC5690554 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Although the heritability of ADHD is estimated to be high, identifying specific genetic markers remains challenging. Most studies to date have examined the genetic basis of ADHD by employing dichotomous diagnostic phenotypes, but, as ADHD symptoms tend to be phenotypically dimensional, an alternative and potentially informative approach is to examine continuous indices of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms. The current study aimed to identify genetic effects on dimensionally-focused adult ADHD-related phenotypes in 990 individuals of European ancestry with intentionally low levels of substance misuse to avoid confounding. The study used four complementary approaches: (1) analysis of a priori candidate loci identified in prior meta-analytic work; (2) gene-based analysis; (3) hypothesis-free genome-wide association testing; and (4) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) heritability via genomic-relatedness-matrix restricted maximum likelihood analysis (GREML). The GREML analysis included a bivariate model to test whether the ADHD symptom dimensions index the same genetic liability. The results revealed significant differential associations between two a priori loci and ADHD phenotypes, rs6296 in HTR1B with inattention and rs3746544 in SNAP-25 with hyperactivity-impulsivity. No significant gene-based or genome-wide associations were detected, but SNP heritability revealed that a large portion of genetic variance was accounted for by common SNPs (44%, 55%, and 59% for inattention, hyperactivity-impulsivity, and total ADHD, respectively) and substantial shared genetic variance across inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity (86%). These findings reveal both unique and common patterns of genetic influences across dimensional ADHD-related phenotypes. More broadly, these findings reveal the value in using multiple methods to understand the genetic etiology of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cinnamon Bidwell
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Joshua C Gray
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Jessica Weafer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Abraham A Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Harriet de Wit
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Canada
- Homewood Research Institute, Homewood Health Centre, Guelph, Canada
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Abstract
The hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is a circadian oscillator that receives glutamatergic afferents from the retina and serotonergic afferents from the midbrain. Activation of presynaptic serotonin 1B (5-HT1B) receptors on retinal terminals in the SCN inhibits retinohypothalamic neurotransmission and light-induced behavioral phase shifts. To assess the role of 5-HT1B receptors in photic entrainment, 5-HT1B receptor knockout (5-HT1B KO) and wild-type (WT) mice were maintained in non-24 h L:D cycles (T cycles). WT mice entrained to T = 21 h and T = 22 h cycles, whereas 5-HT1B KO animals did not. 5-HT1B KO animals did entrain to T = 23 h and T = 26 h cycles, although their phase angle of entrainment was altered compared to WT animals. 5-HT1BKO mice were significantly more phase delayed under T = 23 h conditions and significantly more phase advanced under T = 26 h conditions compared to WT mice. When 5-HT1B KO mice were housed in a T = 23 h short-day photoperiod (9.5L:13.5D), the delayed phase angle of entrainment was more pronounced. Light-induced phase shifts were reduced in 5-HT1B KO mice, consistent with their behavior in T cycles, suggesting an attenuated response to light. Based on previous work, this attenuated response to light might not have been predicted but can be explained by consideration of GABAergic mechanisms within the SCN. Phase-delayed circadian rhythms during the short days of winter are characteristic of patients suffering from seasonal affective disorder, and 5-HT has been implicated in its pathophysiology. The 5-HT1B KO mouse may be useful for investigating the altered entrainment evident during this serious mood disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia J Sollars
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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Sukhodolskaya EM, Vasilyev VA, Shibalev DV, Shcherbakova OI, Kulikov AM, Lazebny OE, Karelin DV, Butovskaya ML, Ryskov AP. [Comparative Analysis of Polymorphisms of the Serotonin Receptor Genes HTR1A, HTR2A, and HTR1B in Hadza and Datoga Males]. Genetika 2015; 51:1308-1314. [PMID: 26845861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of the allele and genotype frequencies of polymorphic loci of serotonin receptor genes (HTR1A, rs6295; HTR2A, rs6311; HTR1B, rs6296) in Hadza (n = 197) and Datoga males (n = 230) living in Tanzania was determined. It was shown that the populations significantly differ by the frequencies of alleles and genotypes of the rs6295 locus of the HTR1A gene. The G-allele (0.779) and the genotype G/G (0.590), which are markers of increased risk of suicidal and impulsive behavior, respectively, are revealed in Hadza with high frequency. It was found that the frequency of homozygous G/G of the rs6296 locus of the HTR1B gene, which is a marker of increased risk of outward directed aggression, is higher in Datoga (0.563) than in Hadza (0.457). The allele and genotype frequencies of the rs6311 locus of the HTR2A gene do not differ among the Hadza and Datoga males. The data on the distribution of allele and genotype frequencies of the HTR1A, HTR2A, and HTR1B genes can be used to determine the associations of the identified markers with various forms of human aggressive behavior.
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Różycka A, Słopień R, Słopień A, Dorszewska J, Seremak-Mrozikiewicz A, Lianeri M, Maciukiewicz M, Warenik-Szymankiewicz A, Grzelak T, Kurzawińska G, Drews K, Klejewski A, Jagodziński PP. The MAOA, COMT, MTHFR and ESR1 gene polymorphisms are associated with the risk of depression in menopausal women. Maturitas 2015; 84:42-54. [PMID: 26620113 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was assessment of a possible relationship between the polymorphisms of the candidate genes participating in the etiology of some neurological and psychiatric disorders and the risk of depression in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. METHODS A total of 167 (54 perimenopausal and 113 postmenopausal) Caucasian women from western Poland, aged 42-67, were recruited as the patient group in the study because of depressive symptoms, and another 321 healthy women (102 perimenopausal and 219 postmenopausal) served as the controls. All study participants were evaluated for climacteric and depressive disorders according to the Kupperman index and Hamilton rating scale for depression (HRSD), respectively. The following candidate genes were selected for the study: 5HTR2A, 5HTR1B, 5HTR2C, TPH1, TPH2, MAOA, COMT, NET, GABRB1, ESR1, MTHFR, MTR and MTHFD1. In each group the frequencies of the polymorphisms were determined using PCR-RFLP analysis. RESULTS After correcting for Bonferroni multiple tests, we found associations between the MAOA c.1460C>T (SNP 1137070), COMT c.472G>A (SNP 4680), MTHFR c.677C>T (SNP 1801133) and ESR1 454(-351) A>G (SNP 9340799) polymorphisms to mild and moderate depressive symptoms in menopausal women. In the perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, genotype association of the MAOA c.1460 CT and c.1460 CT+TT (OR=1.83; pcorr=0.009 and OR=1.85; pcorr=0.003, resp.), and of the MTHFR c.677 TT and c.677 CT+TT (OR=3.52; pcorr=0.00009 and OR=2.06; pcorr=0.0006, resp.), as well as of the COMT c.472 GA and COMT c.472 GA+AA genotypes (OR=2.23; pcorr=0.03 and OR=2.17; pcorr=0.027, resp.) in the postmenopausal women revealed significantly higher frequencies of these variants in depressed female patients than in controls, whereas the ESR1 454(-351) AG and 454(-351) AG+GG genotypes were associated with lower risk of depression in postmenopausal women (OR=0.48; pcorr=0.012, and OR=0.52; pcorr=0.015, resp.). CONCLUSIONS Our study substantiates the involvement of the MAOA and MTHFR polymorphisms in climacteric depression and offers evidence that the COMT and ESR1 genes may also play a role in the susceptibility to depressive mood in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Różycka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Swiecickiego St., 60-781 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Radosław Słopień
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna St., 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Słopień
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 27/33 Szpitalna St., 60-572 Poznan, Poland
| | - Jolanta Dorszewska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St., 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Seremak-Mrozikiewicz
- Department of Perinatology and Women's Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna St., 60-535 Poznan, Poland; Department of Pharmacology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, 71b Wojska Polskiego St., 60-630 Poznan, Poland
| | - Margarita Lianeri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Swiecickiego St., 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Maciukiewicz
- Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 27/33 Szpitalna St., 60-572 Poznan, Poland
| | - Alina Warenik-Szymankiewicz
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna St., 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Teresa Grzelak
- Laboratory of Biology of Civilization-Related Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Swiecickiego St., 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Grażyna Kurzawińska
- Department of Perinatology and Women's Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna St., 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Drews
- Department of Perinatology and Women's Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna St., 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Klejewski
- Department of Nursing, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 11 Smoluchowskiego St., 60-179 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł P Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Swiecickiego St., 60-781 Poznan, Poland
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10
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Dai JY, Chen YG, Zhang XQ. [The Impact of Electroacupuncture Intervention on Expression of 5-HTR 1 B/2 C Genes in Mice under Radiation Stimulation from Mobile Phone]. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2015; 40:296-299. [PMID: 26502543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation of "Yifen" (TE 17), "Shenshu" (BL 23) on the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1 B (5-HTR 1 B) mRNA and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2 C (5-HTR 2 C) mRNA in the cochlear nucleus tissue in mice experiencing radiation from mobile phone, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of tinnitus. METHODS Thirty Kunming mice were randomly divided into control group (n = 6) and modeling group (n = 24). The tinnitus model was established by giving the mice with mobile phone-radiation for 1 h in the morning and 1 h in the afternoon, continuously for 40 days. EA stimulation was applied to "Yifeng" (TE 17) group (n = 6) and "Shenshu" (BL 23) group (n = 6) for 20 min, once a day for 7 days. The expression of 5-THR 1 B/2 C mRNA in the cochlear nucleus was assayed by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real time-PCR). RESULTS The expression level of 5-HTR 1 B was significantly lower in the model group than in the control group (P < 0.05), while that of 5-HTR 2 C mRNA significantly increased (P < 0.01). TE 17 group received a significant acupoint intervention effect (P < 0.01). Compared with TE 17 group, BL 23 group received a weaker effect (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION EA of TE 17 can up-regulate expression level of 5-HTR 1 B and down-regulate expression level of 5-HTR 2 C in the cochlear nucleus in mice experiencing mobile-phone radiation.
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11
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Moul C, Dobson-Stone C, Brennan J, Hawes DJ, Dadds MR. Serotonin 1B Receptor Gene (HTR1B) Methylation as a Risk Factor for Callous-Unemotional Traits in Antisocial Boys. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126903. [PMID: 25993020 PMCID: PMC4436296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The serotonin system is thought to play a role in the aetiology of callous-unemotional (CU) traits in children. Previous research identified a functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) from the promoter region of the serotonin 1B receptor gene as being associated with CU traits in boys with antisocial behaviour problems. This research tested the hypothesis that CU traits are associated with reduced methylation of the promoter region of the serotonin 1B receptor gene due to the influence of methylation on gene expression. Participants (N = 117) were boys with antisocial behaviour problems aged 3-16 years referred to University of New South Wales Child Behaviour Research Clinics. Participants volunteered a saliva sample from which the genotype of a SNP from the promoter region of the serotonin 1B receptor gene and the methylation levels of 30 CpG sites from 3 CpG regions surrounding the location of this polymorphism were assayed. Lower levels of serotonin 1B receptor gene methylation were associated with higher levels of CU traits. This relationship, however, was found to be moderated by genotype and carried exclusively by two CpG sites for which levels of methylation were negatively associated with overall methylation levels in this region of the gene. Results provide support to the emerging literature that argues for a genetically-driven system-wide alteration in serotonin function in the aetiology of CU traits. Furthermore, the results suggest that there may be two pathways to CU traits that involve methylation of the serotonin 1B receptor gene; one that is driven by a genotypic risk and another that is associated with risk for generally increased levels of methylation. Future research that aims to replicate and further investigate these results is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Moul
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Carol Dobson-Stone
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - John Brennan
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - David J. Hawes
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mark R. Dadds
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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12
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Nautiyal KM, Tanaka KF, Barr MM, Tritschler L, Le Dantec Y, David DJ, Gardier AM, Blanco C, Hen R, Ahmari SE. Distinct Circuits Underlie the Effects of 5-HT1B Receptors on Aggression and Impulsivity. Neuron 2015; 86:813-26. [PMID: 25892302 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2015.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Impulsive and aggressive behaviors are both modulated by serotonergic signaling, specifically through the serotonin 1B receptor (5-HT1BR). 5-HT1BR knockout mice show increased aggression and impulsivity, and 5-HT1BR polymorphisms are associated with aggression and drug addiction in humans. To dissect the mechanisms by which the 5-HT1BR affects these phenotypes, we developed a mouse model to spatially and temporally regulate 5-HT1BR expression. Our results demonstrate that forebrain 5-HT1B heteroreceptors expressed during an early postnatal period contribute to the development of the neural systems underlying adult aggression. However, distinct heteroreceptors acting during adulthood are involved in mediating impulsivity. Correlating with the impulsivity, dopamine in the nucleus accumbens is elevated in the absence of 5-HT1BRs and normalized following adult rescue of the receptor. Overall, these data show that while adolescent expression of 5-HT1BRs influences aggressive behavior, a distinct set of 5-HT1B receptors modulates impulsive behavior during adulthood.
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MESH Headings
- Actins/genetics
- Actins/metabolism
- Aggression/physiology
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Brain/anatomy & histology
- Brain/growth & development
- Brain/metabolism
- Choice Behavior/physiology
- Conditioning, Operant/drug effects
- Conditioning, Operant/physiology
- Dopamine/metabolism
- Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Doxycycline/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/physiology
- Impulsive Behavior/physiology
- Iodine Isotopes/pharmacokinetics
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Pindolol/analogs & derivatives
- Pindolol/pharmacokinetics
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Protein Binding/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/metabolism
- Serotonin/metabolism
- Serotonin Antagonists/pharmacokinetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M Nautiyal
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Integrative Neuroscience, the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kenji F Tanaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160 8582, Japan
| | - Mary M Barr
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Laurent Tritschler
- Université Paris-Sud, INSERM UMR-S 1178, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry 92296, France
| | - Yannick Le Dantec
- Université Paris-Sud, INSERM UMR-S 1178, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry 92296, France
| | - Denis J David
- Université Paris-Sud, INSERM UMR-S 1178, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry 92296, France
| | - Alain M Gardier
- Université Paris-Sud, INSERM UMR-S 1178, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry 92296, France
| | - Carlos Blanco
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Integrative Neuroscience, the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - René Hen
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Integrative Neuroscience, the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Susanne E Ahmari
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, Center for Neuroscience Program, Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
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13
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Hall FS, Sora I, Hen R, Uhl GR. Serotonin/dopamine interactions in a hyperactive mouse: reduced serotonin receptor 1B activity reverses effects of dopamine transporter knockout. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115009. [PMID: 25514162 PMCID: PMC4267809 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Knockout (KO) mice that lack the dopamine transporter (SL6A3; DAT) display increased locomotion that can be attenuated, under some circumstances, by administration of drugs that normally produce psychostimulant-like effects, such as amphetamine and methylphenidate. These results have led to suggestions that DAT KO mice may model features of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and that these drugs may act upon serotonin (5-HT) systems to produce these unusual locomotor decreasing effects. Evidence from patterns of brain expression and initial pharmacologic studies led us to use genetic and pharmacologic approaches to examine the influence of altered 5-HT1B receptor activity on hyperactivity in DAT KO mice. Heterozygous 5-HT1B KO and pharmacologic 5-HT1B antagonism both attenuated locomotor hyperactivity in DAT KO mice. Furthermore, DAT KO mice with reduced, but not eliminated, 5-HT1B receptor expression regained cocaine-stimulated locomotion, which was absent in DAT KO mice with normal levels of 5-HT1B receptor expression. Further experiments demonstrated that the degree of habituation to the testing apparatus determined whether cocaine had no effect on locomotion in DAT KO or reduced locomotion, helping to resolve differences among prior reports. These findings of complementation of the locomotor effects of DAT KO by reducing 5-HT1B receptor activity underscore roles for interactions between specific 5-HT receptors and dopamine (DA) systems in basal and cocaine-stimulated locomotion and support evaluation of 5-HT1B antagonists as potential, non-stimulant ADHD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Scott Hall
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
- Molecular Neurobiology Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse – Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Ichiro Sora
- Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - René Hen
- Departments of Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America; Division of Integrative Neuroscience, The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - George R. Uhl
- Molecular Neurobiology Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse – Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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14
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Sollars PJ, Weiser MJ, Kudwa AE, Bramley JR, Ogilvie MD, Spencer RL, Handa RJ, Pickard GE. Altered entrainment to the day/night cycle attenuates the daily rise in circulating corticosterone in the mouse. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111944. [PMID: 25365210 PMCID: PMC4218825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is a circadian oscillator entrained to the day/night cycle via input from the retina. Serotonin (5-HT) afferents to the SCN modulate retinal signals via activation of 5-HT1B receptors, decreasing responsiveness to light. Consequently, 5-HT1B receptor knockout (KO) mice entrain to the day/night cycle with delayed activity onsets. Since circulating corticosterone levels exhibit a robust daily rhythm peaking around activity onset, we asked whether delayed entrainment of activity onsets affects rhythmic corticosterone secretion. Wheel-running activity and plasma corticosterone were monitored in mice housed under several different lighting regimens. Both duration of the light:dark cycle (T cycle) and the duration of light within that cycle was altered. 5-HT1B KO mice that entrained to a 9.5L:13.5D (short day in a T = 23 h) cycle with activity onsets delayed more than 4 h after light offset exhibited a corticosterone rhythm in phase with activity rhythms but reduced 50% in amplitude compared to animals that initiated daily activity <4 h after light offset. Wild type mice in 8L:14D (short day in a T = 22 h) conditions with highly delayed activity onsets also exhibited a 50% reduction in peak plasma corticosterone levels. Exogenous adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) stimulation in animals exhibiting highly delayed entrainment suggested that the endogenous rhythm of adrenal responsiveness to ACTH remained aligned with SCN-driven behavioral activity. Circadian clock gene expression in the adrenal cortex of these same animals suggested that the adrenal circadian clock was also aligned with SCN-driven behavior. Under T cycles <24 h, altered circadian entrainment to short day (winter-like) conditions, manifest as long delays in activity onset after light offset, severely reduces the amplitude of the diurnal rhythm of plasma corticosterone. Such a pronounced reduction in the glucocorticoid rhythm may alter rhythmic gene expression in the central nervous system and in peripheral organs contributing to an array of potential pathophysiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia J. Sollars
- Neuroscience Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, United States of America
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68583, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Michael J. Weiser
- Neuroscience Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, United States of America
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, United States of America
| | - Andrea E. Kudwa
- Neuroscience Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, United States of America
| | - Jayne R. Bramley
- Neuroscience Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, United States of America
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68583, United States of America
| | - Malcolm D. Ogilvie
- Neuroscience Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, United States of America
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68583, United States of America
| | - Robert L. Spencer
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Handa
- Neuroscience Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, United States of America
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, 85004, United States of America
| | - Gary E. Pickard
- Neuroscience Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, United States of America
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68583, United States of America
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15
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Gurbuz N, Ashour AA, Alpay SN, Ozpolat B. Down-regulation of 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptors inhibits proliferation, clonogenicity and invasion of human pancreatic cancer cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110067. [PMID: 25268648 PMCID: PMC4182508 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
MESH Headings
- Cadherins/genetics
- Cadherins/metabolism
- Cell Adhesion
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Claudin-1/genetics
- Claudin-1/metabolism
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics
- Focal Adhesion Kinase 1/genetics
- Focal Adhesion Kinase 1/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Homeodomain Proteins/genetics
- Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Integrins/genetics
- Integrins/metabolism
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/metabolism
- Pancreas/metabolism
- Pancreas/pathology
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1D/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1D/metabolism
- Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator/genetics
- Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Snail Family Transcription Factors
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Tumor Stem Cell Assay
- Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1
- src-Family Kinases/genetics
- src-Family Kinases/metabolism
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16
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Abstract
Hearing loss induces plasticity in excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter systems in auditory brain regions. Excitatory-inhibitory balance is also influenced by a range of neuromodulatory regulatory systems, but less is known about the effects of auditory damage on these networks. In this work, we studied the effects of acoustic trauma on neuromodulatory plasticity in the auditory midbrain of CBA/J mice. Quantitative PCR was used to measure the expression of serotonergic and GABAergic receptor genes in the inferior colliculus (IC) of mice that were unmanipulated, sham controls with no hearing loss, and experimental individuals with hearing loss induced by exposure to a 116 dB, 10 kHz pure tone for 3 h. Acoustic trauma induced substantial hearing loss that was accompanied by selective upregulation of two serotonin receptor genes in the IC. The Htr1B receptor gene was upregulated tenfold following trauma relative to shams, while the Htr1A gene was upregulated threefold. In contrast, no plasticity in serotonin receptor gene expression was found in the hippocampus, a region also innervated by serotonergic projections. Analyses in the IC demonstrated that acoustic trauma also changed the coexpression of genes in relation to each other, leading to an overexpression of Htr1B compared to other genes. These data suggest that acoustic trauma induces serotonergic plasticity in the auditory system, and that this plasticity may involve comodulation of functionally-linked receptor genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam R Smith
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Jae Hyun Kwon
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Marco Navarro
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63103, USA
| | - Laura M Hurley
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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17
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Johansson SE, Larsen SS, Povlsen GK, Edvinsson L. Early MEK1/2 inhibition after global cerebral ischemia in rats reduces brain damage and improves outcome by preventing delayed vasoconstrictor receptor upregulation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92417. [PMID: 24642693 PMCID: PMC3958517 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Global cerebral ischemia following cardiac arrest is associated with increased cerebral vasoconstriction and decreased cerebral blood flow, contributing to delayed neuronal cell death and neurological detriments in affected patients. We hypothesize that upregulation of contractile ETB and 5-HT1B receptors, previously demonstrated in cerebral arteries after experimental global ischemia, are a key mechanism behind insufficient perfusion of the post-ischemic brain, proposing blockade of this receptor upregulation as a novel target for prevention of cerebral hypoperfusion and delayed neuronal cell death after global cerebral ischemia. The aim was to characterize the time-course of receptor upregulation and associated neuronal damage after global ischemia and investigate whether treatment with the MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126 can prevent cerebrovascular receptor upregulation and thereby improve functional outcome after global cerebral ischemia. Incomplete global cerebral ischemia was induced in Wistar rats and the time-course of enhanced contractile responses and the effect of U0126 in cerebral arteries were studied by wire myography and the neuronal cell death by TUNEL. The expression of ETB and 5-HT1B receptors was determined by immunofluorescence. Results Enhanced vasoconstriction peaked in fore- and midbrain arteries 3 days after ischemia. Neuronal cell death appeared initially in the hippocampus 3 days after ischemia and gradually increased until 7 days post-ischemia. Treatment with U0126 normalised cerebrovascular ETB and 5-HT1B receptor expression and contractile function, reduced hippocampal cell death and improved survival rate compared to vehicle treated animals. Conclusions Excessive cerebrovascular expression of contractile ETB and 5-HT1B receptors is a delayed response to global cerebral ischemia peaking 3 days after the insult, which likely contributes to the development of delayed neuronal damage. The enhanced cerebrovascular contractility can be prevented by treatment with the MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126, diminishes neuronal damage and improves survival rate, suggesting MEK1/2 inhibition as a novel strategy for early treatment of neurological consequences following global cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ellinor Johansson
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Glostrup Research Institute, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Stine Schmidt Larsen
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Glostrup Research Institute, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Gro Klitgaard Povlsen
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Glostrup Research Institute, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Lars Edvinsson
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Glostrup Research Institute, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
- Division of Experimental Vascular Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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18
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Boudin E, Jennes K, de Freitas F, Tegay D, Mortier G, Van Hul W. No mutations in the serotonin related TPH1 and HTR1B genes in patients with monogenic sclerosing bone disorders. Bone 2013; 55:52-6. [PMID: 23563356 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Since the identification of LRP5 as the causative gene for the osteoporosis pseudoglioma syndrome (OPPG) as well as the high bone mass (HBM) phenotype, LRP5 and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling have been extensively studied for their role in the differentiation and proliferation of osteoblasts, in the apoptosis of osteoblasts and osteocytes and in the response of bone to mechanical loading. However, more recently the direct effect of LRP5 on osteoblasts and bone formation has been questioned. Gene expression studies showed that mice lacking lrp5 have increased expression of tph1, the rate limiting enzyme for the production of serotonin in the gut. Furthermore mice lacking either tph1 or htr1B, the receptor for serotonin on the osteoblasts, were reported to have an increased bone mass due to increased bone formation. This led to the still controversial hypothesis that LRP5 influences bone formation indirectly by regulating the expression of thp1 and as a consequence influencing the production of serotonin in the gut. Based on these data we decided to evaluate the role of TPH1 and HTR1B in the development of craniotubular hyperostoses, a group of monogenic sclerosing bone dysplasias. We screened the coding regions of both genes in 53 patients lacking a mutation in the known causative genes LRP5, LRP4 and SOST. We could not find disease-causing coding variants in neither of the tested genes and therefore, we cannot provide support for an important function of TPH1 and HTR1B in the pathogenesis of sclerosing bone dysplasias in our tested patient cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline Boudin
- Department of Medical Genetics, University and University Hospital of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium.
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19
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Povlsen GK, Johansson SE, Larsen CC, Samraj AK, Edvinsson L. Early events triggering delayed vasoconstrictor receptor upregulation and cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage. BMC Neurosci 2013; 14:34. [PMID: 23496889 PMCID: PMC3618233 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-14-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upregulation of vasoconstrictor receptors in cerebral arteries, including endothelin B (ETB) and 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B (5-HT(1B)) receptors, has been suggested to contribute to delayed cerebral ischemia, a feared complication after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This receptor upregulation has been shown to be mediated by intracellular signalling via the mitogen activated protein kinase kinase (MEK1/2)--extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway. However, it is not known what event(s) that trigger MEK-ERK1/2 activation and vasoconstrictor receptor upregulation after SAH.We hypothesise that the drop in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and wall tension experienced by cerebral arteries in acute SAH is a key triggering event. We here investigate the importance of the duration of this acute CBF drop in a rat SAH model in which a fixed amount of blood is injected into the prechiasmatic cistern either at a high rate resulting in a short acute CBF drop or at a slower rate resulting in a prolonged acute CBF drop. RESULTS We demonstrate that the duration of the acute CBF drop is determining for a) degree of early ERK1/2 activation in cerebral arteries, b) delayed upregulation of vasoconstrictor receptors in cerebral arteries and c) delayed CBF reduction, neurological deficits and mortality. Moreover, treatment with an inhibitor of MEK-ERK1/2 signalling during an early time window from 6 to 24 h after SAH was sufficient to completely prevent delayed vasoconstrictor receptor upregulation and improve neurological outcome several days after the SAH. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a series of events where 1) the acute CBF drop triggers early MEK-ERK1/2 activation, which 2) triggers the transcriptional upregulation of vasoconstrictor receptors in cerebral arteries during the following days, where 3) the resulting enhanced cerebrovascular contractility contribute to delayed cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gro Klitgaard Povlsen
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Glostrup Research Institute, Glostrup University Hospital, Nordre Ringvej 69, Glostrup, DK 2600, Denmark
| | - Sara Ellinor Johansson
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Glostrup Research Institute, Glostrup University Hospital, Nordre Ringvej 69, Glostrup, DK 2600, Denmark
| | | | - Ajoy Kumar Samraj
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Glostrup Research Institute, Glostrup University Hospital, Nordre Ringvej 69, Glostrup, DK 2600, Denmark
| | - Lars Edvinsson
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Glostrup Research Institute, Glostrup University Hospital, Nordre Ringvej 69, Glostrup, DK 2600, Denmark
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20
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Lenze EJ, Dixon D, Nowotny P, Lotrich FE, Doré PM, Pollock BG, Hinrichs AL, Butters MA. Escitalopram reduces attentional performance in anxious older adults with high-expression genetic variants at serotonin 2A and 1B receptors. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2013; 16:279-88. [PMID: 22717018 PMCID: PMC3967864 DOI: 10.1017/s1461145712000351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Older adults are among the most vulnerable to adverse cognitive effects of psychotropic medications and, therefore, the personalization of psychotropic treatment based on adverse drug reactions in this demographic is of great importance. We examined changes on neuropsychological tests of attention attributable to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment in anxious older adults. We also examined whether variation in serotonin receptor genes was associated with reduced attentional performance with SSRIs. We examined change from pre- to post-treatment in two attention measures - digit span and coding - in 133 adults aged ≥60 yr with generalized anxiety disorder in a 12-wk trial of escitalopram vs. placebo. We also examined attentional change in relation to genetic variability in four central serotonin receptors: the serotonin transporter and serotonin 1A, 2A and 1B receptors. Digit span scores were significantly lowered in patients receiving escitalopram relative to placebo, indicating reduced attentional performance attributable to the SSRI. Individuals with high-transcription variants in the receptors 5-HTR2A rs6311 and 5-HTR1B rs11568817 had greater reductions in attention with SSRI treatment compared to placebo. We conclude that SSRIs reduce attention in older adults, particularly in those with high-expression genetic variants at the serotonin 2A and 1B receptors. Analysing neuropsychological changes with SSRIs in relation to genetic variation in the serotonin system may be a useful strategy for detecting subgroups of older adults who are more susceptible to side-effects of SSRIs. These results, if confirmed, could lead to the personalization of SSRI use to reduce adverse neurocognitive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Lenze
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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21
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Cao J, LaRocque E, Li D. Associations of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1B gene (HTR1B) with alcohol, cocaine, and heroin abuse. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2013; 162B:169-76. [PMID: 23335468 PMCID: PMC4089973 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal serotonergic pathways are implicated in numerous neuropsychiatric disorders including alcohol and drug dependence (abuse). The human 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1B, encoded by the HTR1B (5-HT1B) gene, is a presynaptic serotonin autoreceptor that plays an important role in regulating serotonin synthesis and release. Although there was evidence of associations of the HTR1B gene variants in the etiologies of substance use disorders, negative findings were also reported. To clarify the roles of commonly reported single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the HTR1B gene underlying alcohol and drug dependence (abuse), we performed a meta-analysis based on the available genotype data from individual candidate gene-based association studies. Evidence of association was found between the functional SNP -161A>T (rs130058) and alcohol, cocaine, and heroin dependence (e.g., P = 0.03 and odds ratio (OR) = 1.2 (1.02, 1.42) in the combined European, Asian, African, and Hispanic populations). SNP -261T>G (rs11568817) also showed evidence of association but with different directions in Europeans and non-Europeans (e.g., P = 0.0018 with OR = 1.42 (1.14, 1.76) and P = 0.01 with ORs = 0.5 (0.3, 0.85), respectively). This meta-analysis supports the associations of HTR1B -261T>G and -161A>T with alcohol and drug abuse and further investigations are warranted in larger samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Cao
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Emily LaRocque
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Dawei Li
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- Neuroscience, Behavior, and Health Initiative, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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22
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Abstract
With the central effects of serotonin (5-HT) on ejaculation having been relatively established, we investigated the peripheral effects of serotonin on the contractile responses of rat seminal vesicles and vasa deferentia. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were grouped on the basis of the agents administered: serotonin, clomipramine, or fluoxetine. The intraluminal pressures of the seminal vesicles and of the vasa deferentia were measured simultaneously. Control responses to hypogastric nerve stimulation (HNS) were recorded in each animal, and HNS was repeated after drug administration. Expression of the mRNAs of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors (5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, and 5-HT2C), which have been suggested to be involved in the ejaculation process, were examined by semiquantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Serotonergic agents resulted in the concentration-dependent inhibition of HNS-induced seminal vesicle pressure increases (clomipramine > serotonin > fluoxetine). Vasal pressure responses were effectively inhibited by clomipramine and serotonin, but fluoxetine had no effect. No significant difference was observed in the relative expression levels of 5-HT1A receptor mRNA in seminal vesicles and in the vasa deferentia. However, the expression levels of 5-HT1B and 5-HT2C receptor mRNAs were lower in the vasa deferentia than in the seminal vesicles. These in vivo and in vitro experimental results provide evidence for the peripheral role of 5-HT in the regulation of contractile responses of the seminal tract. Regional differences in the distribution of the 5-HT receptor subtypes of the seminal vesicles and the vasa deferentia might contribute to the different responses to serotonergic agents shown by these organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Woong Kim
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea
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23
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Jóźków P, Słowińska-Lisowska M, Łaczmański Ł, Mędraś M. Polymorphic variants of neurotransmitter receptor genes may affect sexual function in aging males: data from the HALS study. Neuroendocrinology 2013; 98:51-9. [PMID: 23485949 DOI: 10.1159/000350324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Human behavior is influenced by a number of brain neurotransmitters. Central dopamine, serotonin and melanocortin systems have special importance for male sexual function. We searched for associations between male aging symptoms and polymorphic sites of serotonin (5-HTR1B), melanocortin (MC4R) and dopamine (DRD2, DRD4) receptors. METHODS In a population-based sample, genotyping of 5-HTR1B (polymorphism: G861C), MC4R (polymorphisms: C-2745T, Val103Ile), DRD2 (polymorphism: C313T) and DRD4 (polymorphism: 48-bp VNTR) was performed in 387 healthy men. The Aging Males' Symptoms (AMS) scale was used to evaluate specific ailments of aging men. We analyzed answers to questions from the AMS scale. Five points of the questionnaire addressed sexual symptoms of the aging male: feeling of passing one's peak, decrease in beard growth, decrease in ability/frequency to perform sexually, decrease in the number of morning erections, and decrease in sexual desire/libido (lacking pleasure in sex, lacking desire for sexual intercourse). Relations between reported symptoms and variants of the polymorphic sites of the studied genes were assessed. RESULTS After adjusting for confounding factors (education, arterial hypertension, physical activity, weight, waist circumference) an association between the sexual dimension of AMS and genetic variants of 5-HTR1B G861C (p = 0.04) was observed. CONCLUSIONS Variability of neurotransmitter receptor genes may be associated with sexual symptoms of aging in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Jóźków
- Department of Sports Medicine and Nutrition, University School of Physical Education, Wrocław, Poland
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24
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Banerjee E, Banerjee D, Chatterjee A, Sinha S, Nandagopal K. Selective maternal inheritance of risk alleles and genetic interaction between serotonin receptor-1B (5-HTR1B) and serotonin transporter (SLC6A4) in ADHD. Psychiatry Res 2012; 200:1083-5. [PMID: 22575343 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Revised: 02/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Bagdy G, Juhasz G, Gonda X. A new clinical evidence-based gene-environment interaction model of depression. Neuropsychopharmacol Hung 2012; 14:213-220. [PMID: 23269207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In our current understanding of mood disorders, the role of genes is diverse including the mediation of the effects of provoking and protective factors. Different or partially overlapping gene sets play a major role in the development of personality traits including also affective temperaments, in the mediation of the effects of environmental factors, and in the interaction of these elements in the development of depression. Certain genes are associated with personality traits and temperaments including e.g., neuroticism, impulsivity, openness, rumination and extroversion. Environmental factors consist of external (early and provoking life events, seasonal changes, social support etc.) and internal factors (hormones, biological rhythm generators, comorbid disorders etc). Some of these environmental factors, such as early life events and some prenatal events directly influence the development of personality traits and temperaments. In the NEWMOOD cohort polymorphisms of the genes of the serotonin transporter, 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B and 5-HT2A and endocannabinoid CB1 receptors, tryptophan hydroxylase, CREB1, BDNF and GIRK provide evidence for the involvement of these genes in the development of depression. Based on their role in this process they could be assigned to different gene sets. The role of certain genes, such as promoter polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) and CB1 receptor has been shown in more than one of the above factors. Furthermore, gene-gene interactions of these promoters associated with anxiety suggest the application of these polymorphisms in personalized medicine. In this review we introduce a new model including environmental factors, genes, trait and temperament markers based on human genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyorgy Bagdy
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary.
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26
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García MG, Puig JG, Torres RJ. Adenosine, dopamine and serotonin receptors imbalance in lymphocytes of Lesch-Nyhan patients. J Inherit Metab Dis 2012; 35:1129-35. [PMID: 22403020 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-012-9470-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Lesch-Nyhan disease (LND) is caused by complete deficiency of the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase enzyme. It is characterized by overproduction of uric acid, jointly with severe motor disability and self-injurious behaviour which physiopathology is unknown. These neurological manifestations suggest a dysfunction in the basal ganglia, and three neurotransmitters have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease: dopamine, adenosine and serotonin. All of them are implicated in motor function and behaviour, and act by binding to specific G-protein coupled receptors in the synaptic membrane where they seem to be integrated through receptor-receptor interactions. In this work we have confirmed at protein level the previously reported increased expression of DRD5 and the variably aberrant expression of ADORA2A, in LND PBL respect to control PBL. We have also described, for the first time, a decreased expression and protein level of 5-HTR1A in LND PBL respect to control PBL. If these results were confirmed in the Lesch-Nyhan patients basal ganglia cells, this would support the hypothesis that pathogenesis of neurological manifestations of Lesch-Nyhan patients may be related to an imbalance of neurotransmitters, rather than to the isolated disturbance of one of the neurotransmitters, and this fact should be taken into account in the design of pharmacologic treatment for their motor and behavioural disturbances.
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MESH Headings
- Adenosine/metabolism
- Adolescent
- Base Sequence
- Case-Control Studies
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Dopamine/metabolism
- Humans
- Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome/etiology
- Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome/genetics
- Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome/metabolism
- Lymphocytes/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptor, Adenosine A2A/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D5/metabolism
- Serotonin/metabolism
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta G García
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Metabolic Vascular Unit, IdiPaz, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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27
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Wilson D, da Silva Lobo DS, Tavares H, Gentil V, Vallada H. Family-based association analysis of serotonin genes in pathological gambling disorder: evidence of vulnerability risk in the 5HT-2A receptor gene. J Mol Neurosci 2012; 49:550-3. [PMID: 22740152 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-012-9846-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pathological gambling (PG) has become a growing public health problem in many countries around the world. PG is an impulse control disorder and its behavior and psychopathology present similarities with substance abuse disorders. Evidence from twin studies supports a significant genetic predisposition to PG, but the precise genetic loci still remain unclear. The present study investigates the allele and genotype distribution of polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter, serotonin receptor 1B and 2A genes in 140 sib-pairs discordant for the diagnosis of PG. A significant association of the C/C genotype of the serotonin receptor 2A T102C (rs 6313) polymorphism and the PG phenotype was observed [OR = 1.7 (1.1-3.4)]. This preliminary result is consistent with the hypothesis that the serotonin system is associated with addiction behavior and similar results have been reported for nicotine and alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wilson
- Department and Institute of Psychiatry (LIM 23), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Rua Dr Ovídio Pires de Campos 785, 05403-010, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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28
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Abstract
The central serotonergic signalling system has been shown to play an important role in appetite control and the regulation of food intake. Serotonin exerts its anorectic effects mainly through the 5-HT(1B), 5-HT(2C) and 5-HT(6) receptors and these are therefore receiving increasing attention as principal pharmacotherapeutic targets for the treatment of obesity. The 5-HT(2C) receptor has the distinctive ability to be modified by posttranscriptional RNA editing on 5 nucleotide positions (A, B, C, D, E), having an overall decreased receptor function. Recently, it has been shown that feeding behaviour and fat mass are altered when the 5-HT(2C) receptor RNA is fully edited, suggesting a potential role for 5-HT(2C) editing in obesity. The present studies investigate the expression of serotonin receptors involved in central regulation of food intake, appetite and energy expenditure, with particular focus on the level of 5-HT(2C) receptor editing. Using a leptin-deficient mouse model of obesity (ob/ob), we show increased hypothalamic 5-HT(1A) receptor expression as well as increased hippocampal 5-HT(1A), 5-HT(1B), and 5-HT(6) receptor mRNA expression in obese mice compared to lean control mice. An increase in full-length 5-HT(2C) expression, depending on time of day, as well as differences in 5-HT(2C) receptor editing were found, independent of changes in total 5-HT(2C) receptor mRNA expression. This suggests that a dynamic regulation exists of the appetite-suppressing effects of the 5-HT(2C) receptor in both the hypothalamus and the hippocampus in the ob/ob mice model of obesity. The differential 5-HT(1A), 5-HT(1B) and 5-HT(6) receptor expression and altered 5-HT(2C) receptor editing profile reported here is poised to have important consequences for the development of novel anti-obesity therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriët Schellekens
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard Clarke
- Laboratory of Neurogastroenterology, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ian B. Jeffery
- Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Timothy G. Dinan
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Laboratory of Neurogastroenterology, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F. Cryan
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Laboratory of Neurogastroenterology, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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29
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Fernández-Jaén A, Fernández-Mayoralas DM, Calleja-Pérez B, Muñoz-Jareño N, López-Arribas S. [Genomic endophenotypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]. Rev Neurol 2012; 54 Suppl 1:S81-S87. [PMID: 22374776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a remarkably heterogeneous neurobiological disorder. This characteristic is aetiologically mediated by genetic and environmental factors. Numerous studies have shown that different genes play a moderate but complex role in the aetiology of ADHD. Significant associations have been identified with several candidate genes for this disorder, including DAT1, DRD4, DRD5, 5HTT, HTR1B or SNAP25. The neurocognitive models of ADHD have been largely based on the findings from neuroimaging studies conducted in patients with ADHD, when establishing hypotheses capable of explaining the clinical features that are observed. From a neurobiological point of view, the genetic architecture of these patients or the interaction of the above-mentioned genes should at least partially account for the neuroanatomical and neuropsychological findings observed, which explains the axiomatic antithesis in the title. Nevertheless, the results of studies into the relationship between the genotyping and the neuroimaging or psychological findings are scarce and contradictory. The methodological differences in the volumetric analyses, the sizes of the populations studied, the neuropsychological batteries that are used, the presence of previous pharmacological treatment or comorbidity could account for these results.
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MESH Headings
- Adoption
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/etiology
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/genetics
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/pathology
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/physiopathology
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychology
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics
- Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/physiology
- Endophenotypes
- Environment
- Frontal Lobe/pathology
- Genetic Association Studies
- Genotype
- Humans
- Models, Genetic
- Models, Neurological
- Models, Psychological
- Multifactorial Inheritance
- Neuroimaging
- Neuropsychological Tests
- Organ Size
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/physiology
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2/physiology
- Receptors, Dopamine D4/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D4/physiology
- Receptors, Dopamine D5/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D5/physiology
- Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics
- Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/physiology
- Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25/genetics
- Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25/physiology
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30
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Edwards TL, Velez Edwards DR, Villegas R, Cohen SS, Buchowski MS, Fowke JH, Schlundt D, Long J, Cai Q, Zheng W, Shu XO, Hargreaves MK, Smith J, Williams SM, Signorello LB, Blot WJ, Matthews CE. HTR1B, ADIPOR1, PPARGC1A, and CYP19A1 and obesity in a cohort of Caucasians and African Americans: an evaluation of gene-environment interactions and candidate genes. Am J Epidemiol 2012; 175:11-21. [PMID: 22106445 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwr272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization estimates that the number of obese and overweight adults has increased to 1.6 billion, with concomitant increases in comorbidity. While genetic factors for obesity have been extensively studied in Caucasians, fewer studies have investigated genetic determinants of body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/height (m)(2)) in African Americans. A total of 38 genes and 1,086 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in African Americans (n = 1,173) and 897 SNPs in Caucasians (n = 1,165) were examined in the Southern Community Cohort Study (2002-2009) for associations with BMI and gene × environment interactions. A statistically significant association with BMI survived correction for multiple testing at rs4140535 (β = -0.04, 95% confidence interval: -0.06, -0.02; P = 5.76 × 10(-5)) in African Americans but not in Caucasians. Gene-environment interactions were observed with cigarette smoking and a SNP in ADIPOR1 in African Americans, as well as between a different SNP in ADIPOR1 and physical activity in Caucasians. A SNP in PPARGC1A interacted with alcohol consumption in African Americans, and a different SNP in PPARGC1A was nominally associated in Caucasians. A SNP in CYP19A1 interacted with dietary energy intake in African Americans, and another SNP in CYP191A had an independent association with BMI in Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd L Edwards
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37203, USA.
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31
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Furay AR, Neumaier JF, Mullenix AT, Kaiyala KK, Sandygren NK, Hoplight BJ. Overexpression of 5-HT(1B) mRNA in nucleus accumbens shell projection neurons differentially affects microarchitecture of initiation and maintenance of ethanol consumption. Alcohol 2011; 45:19-32. [PMID: 20843634 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2010.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2010] [Revised: 07/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin 1B (5-HT(1B)) heteroreceptors on nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh) projection neurons have been shown to enhance the voluntary consumption of alcohol by rats, presumably by modulating the activity of the mesolimbic reward pathway. The present study examined whether increasing 5-HT(1B) receptors expressed on NAcSh projection neurons by means of virus-mediated gene transfer enhances ethanol consumption during the initiation or maintenance phase of drinking and alters the temporal pattern of drinking behavior. Animals received stereotaxic injections of viral vectors expressing either 5-HT(1B) receptor and green fluorescent protein (GFP) or GFP alone. Home cages equipped with a three-bottle (water and 6 and 12% ethanol) lickometer system recorded animals' drinking behaviors continuously, capturing either initiation or maintenance of drinking behavior patterns. Overexpression of 5-HT(1B) receptors during initiation increased consumption of 12% ethanol during both forced-access and free-choice consumption. There was a shift in drinking pattern for 6% ethanol with an increase in number of drinking bouts per day, although the total number of drinking bouts for 12% ethanol was not different. Finally, increased 5-HT(1B) expression induced more bouts with very high-frequency licking from the ethanol bottle sippers. During the maintenance phase of drinking, there were no differences between groups in total volume of ethanol consumed; however, there was a shift toward drinking bouts of longer duration, especially for 12% ethanol. This suggests that during maintenance drinking, increased 5-HT(1B) receptors facilitate longer drinking bouts of more modest volumes. Taken together, these results indicate that 5-HT(1B) receptors expressed on NAcSh projection neurons facilitate ethanol drinking, with different effects during initiation and maintenance of ethanol-drinking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Furay
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.
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32
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Cao JX, Hu J, Ye XM, Xia Y, Haile CA, Kosten TR, Zhang XY. Association between the 5-HTR1B gene polymorphisms and alcohol dependence in a Han Chinese population. Brain Res 2010; 1376:1-9. [PMID: 21172311 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2009] [Revised: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/11/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The human serotonin receptor 1B (HRT1B) plays an important role in regulating serotonin release. Previous research has suggested that the genetic variation of the HTR1B gene may confer susceptibility to alcoholism or some subtypes of alcohol dependence, but the evidence has been inconsistent. The aim of the present study is to examine whether polymorphic variants of the HTR1B gene are associated with alcohol dependence subtypes or drinking-related behaviors in Chinese Han population. Alcohol-dependent (AD) male patients (n=135) and controls (n=143) were genotyped for two polymorphisms: A161T in the promoter region and the synonymous variation G861C in the coding region of HTR1B. The results showed that the A161T polymorphism was associated with alcohol dependence (T vs. A allele: p=0.002; OR=2.18, 95% CI: 1.32-3.60). This association was strengthened in those with positive family history (OR=3.12, 95% CI: 1.71-5.70) and/or early onset (OR=4.53, 95% CI: 2.18-9.44) of alcohol dependence. The A161T variant was also significantly associated with age of onset of alcoholism (p=0.001). Furthermore, there was a significant difference of haplotypic frequencies between patients and controls (χ(2)=14.84, df=3, p=0.002), with one common haplotype AG of being significantly underrepresented among the patient group compared to the control group (34% vs. 47.7%, permutation p=0.0034; OR=0.56; 95% CI: 0.39-0.79). These findings confirm HTR1B as a susceptibility gene for alcohol dependence in the sample of Chinese Han population. The HTR1B A-161T polymorphism may be particularly valuable as a functional genetic marker for alcoholism and merits additional study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Xia Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
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33
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Popova NK, Naumenko VS. [Polymorphism in 5-HT receptors as the background of serotonin functional diversity]. Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova 2010; 96:778-786. [PMID: 20968063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The review concentrates on the role of different types and subtypes of 5-HT receptors in physiological and behavioural effects of the brain neurotransmitter serotonin. Specifically it describes: 1) the effects of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors on aggressive behavior, sexual arousal, food and water consumption; 2) the data showing reciprocal effect of 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C receptor agonists; 3) interaction of 5-HT3 and 5-HT1A-receptors in 5-HT3-induced hypothermia. The review provides converging lines of evidence that: different types and subtypes of 5-HT receptors are involved in the regulation of various kinds of behavior as additive as well as opposite factors providing neuroplasticity, compensatory and adaptive mechanism.
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MESH Headings
- Aggression/drug effects
- Aggression/physiology
- Animals
- Brain/drug effects
- Brain/physiology
- Drinking/drug effects
- Drinking/physiology
- Eating/drug effects
- Eating/physiology
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Receptor Cross-Talk/physiology
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/metabolism
- Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3/genetics
- Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3/metabolism
- Serotonin/metabolism
- Serotonin Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Sexual Behavior/drug effects
- Sexual Behavior/physiology
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34
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Wang H, Wu ZH, Zhuang QY, Qiu GX. [Association study of HTR1A and HTR1B with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2010; 48:296-299. [PMID: 20388441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess whether HTR1A and HTR1B polymorphisms are associated with the predisposition, gender, PUMC Classification and/or severity of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). METHODS Rs6294 (HTR1A) and rs6296 (HTR1B) were genotyped in 103 AIS patients treated from January 2006 to March 2007, and 108 controls with matched gender and age. The data were analyzed by the allelic and genotypic association analysis, and the genotype-phenotype (gender, PUMC Classification, and Cobb angle) association analysis. RESULTS The distributions of the alleles of all the 2 SNPs met Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the controls (goodness-of-fit chi(2) test, P > 0.05). The allele A of rs6294 was related with the occurrence of AIS (P = 0.041), but differences of the allele frequencies of rs6296 and the genotype frequencies of both SNPs between 2 groups had no statistical significance (P > 0.05). The genotype A/A + A/G of rs6294 was associated with AIS PUMC type III, and there was no other positive results in genotype-phenotype association analysis. CONCLUSION These results suggest that HTR1A may be a predisposition gene of AIS PUMC type III, and PUMC Classification may has its genetic basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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35
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Conner TS, Jensen KP, Tennen H, Furneaux HM, Kranzler HR, Covault J. Functional polymorphisms in the serotonin 1B receptor gene (HTR1B) predict self-reported anger and hostility among young men. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2010; 153B:67-78. [PMID: 19350534 PMCID: PMC3312780 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We examined associations between haplotypes of the serotonin 1B receptor gene and individual differences in anger and hostility. Data were analyzed from a study of 361 university students (47% male). Participants were genotyped at five polymorphisms in the HTR1B gene (rs11568817, rs130058, rs6296, rs6297, rs13212041), including promoter and 3'UTR polymorphisms with opposite functional effects on gene expression. Participants reported their emotional states across 30 consecutive days for up to 4 years. Haplotype pairs were constructed statistically and assigned to a level of HTR1B expression based on the presence of the functional polymorphisms. Six haplotypes accounted for >97% of chromosomes. Three low expression haplotypes contained the 3'UTR variant (rs13212041 A-allele) that enables a microRNA-mediated reduction in expression. One intermediate expression haplotype contained the 3'UTR A-allele paired with the high-activity promoter. Two high expression haplotypes contained the 3'UTR variant (rs13212041 G-allele) that attenuates microRNA-mediated reduction in expression. Men with low expression haplotypes reported greater anger and hostility than men with one or two high expression haplotypes. Diplotype classification accounted for 8.4% of the variance in men's anger and hostility, primarily due to the 3'UTR polymorphism (rs13212041), but with some contribution of the functional promoter combination (rs11568817, rs130058). Associations with anger and hostility were not found in women. These findings extend our understanding of the genetic basis of anger and hostility by showing that newly characterized HTR1B haplotypes, particularly those with rs13212041, which modulates microRNA-mediated regulation of HTR1B expression, may have important implications for aggression-related phenotypes among young men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamlin S. Conner
- Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Kevin P. Jensen
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT 06030
- Psychiatry University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT 06030
| | - Howard Tennen
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT 06030
| | - Henry M. Furneaux
- Departments of Molecular, Microbial and Structural Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT 06030
| | - Henry R. Kranzler
- Psychiatry University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT 06030
| | - Jonathan Covault
- Psychiatry University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT 06030
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36
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Urtikova NA, Sapronova AI, Brisorgueil MJ, Verge D, Ugriumov MV. [Development of serotonergic neurons of dorsal raphe nuclei in mice with knockout of monoamine oxidase A and 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B autoreceptor]. Ontogenez 2009; 40:270-281. [PMID: 19705758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The morphological changes in the development of serotonergic neurons of the dorsal raphe nuclei in the medulla oblongata was studied by immunocytochemistry in mice with knockout of 1A and 1B serotonin autoreceptors as well as monoamine oxidase A. Serotonin autoreceptors regulate electric activity of serotonergic neurons as well as the synthesis and release of the neurotransmitter, while monoamine oxidase A catalyzes its degradation. These genetic modifications proved to have no effect on the number of serotonergic neurons in the medulla oblongata but induced morphofunctional changes. Decreased cell size and increased intracellular serotonin level were observed in the case of monoamine oxidase A deficiency, while excessive cell size and decreased intracellular serotonin level were observed in the case of autoreceptor deficiency. The data obtained confirm the hypothesis of autoregulation of serotonergic neurons in development.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Autoreceptors/genetics
- Autoreceptors/physiology
- Cell Size
- Medulla Oblongata/cytology
- Medulla Oblongata/embryology
- Medulla Oblongata/growth & development
- Medulla Oblongata/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Monoamine Oxidase/genetics
- Monoamine Oxidase/physiology
- Neurons/cytology
- Neurons/metabolism
- Raphe Nuclei/cytology
- Raphe Nuclei/embryology
- Raphe Nuclei/growth & development
- Raphe Nuclei/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/physiology
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/physiology
- Serotonin/metabolism
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37
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian R Gizer
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 Mason Farm Road, Room 5015 Genetic Medicine Building CB 7264, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7264, USA.
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38
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Noskova TG, Kazantseva AV, Gareeva AE, Gaĭsina DA, Tuktarova SU, Khusnutdinova EK. [Association of several polymorphic loci of serotoninergic genes with unipolar depression]. Genetika 2009; 45:842-848. [PMID: 19639876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Serotoninergic system is one of the major brain neurotransmitter systems that is involved in the development of depression disorders. Regulatory genes of this system are the principle candidate genes predisposing to unipolar depression. Using PCR-RFLP analysis, we have conducted a study of polymorphic loci of several genes of this system: C1019G of serotonin receptor 1A gene, (HTR1A); A438G of serotonin receptor 2A gene, (HTR2A); G861C of serotonin receptor 1B gene, (HTR1B); Stin2VNTR and 5-HTTLPR of serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) in patients with unipolar depression among ethnic Tatars and Russians. The results of the study suggest that genotype 10/10 of the SLC6A4 gene as well as genotype G/G and allele G of the HTR2A gene can predispose for increased risk of unipolar depression development in ethnic Russians. In contrast, genotype 12/10 of the SLC6A4 gene is a marker of low risk of the disease development in both ethnic groups.
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39
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Rediger A, Tarnow P, Bickenbach A, Schaefer M, Krude H, Gruters A, Biebermann H. Heterodimerization of hypothalamic G-protein-coupled receptors involved in weight regulation. Obes Facts 2009; 2:80-6. [PMID: 20054210 PMCID: PMC6444828 DOI: 10.1159/000209862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanocortin 3 and 4 receptors (MC3R and MC4R) are known to play an essential role in hypothalamic weight regulation. In addition to these two G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), a huge number of other GPCRs are expressed in hypothalamic regions, and some of them are involved in weight regulation. So far, homodimerization was shown for a few of these receptors. Heterodimerization of unrelated receptors may have profound functional consequence but heterodimerization of GPCRs involved in weight regulation was not reported yet. METHODS A selective number of hypothalamically expressed GPCRs were cloned into a eukaryotic expression vector. Cell surface expression was demonstrated by an ELISA approach. Subcellular distribution was investigated by confocal laser microscopy. A sandwich ELISA and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) were used to determine protein-protein interaction. RESULTS Via sandwich ELISA and FRET approach we could demonstrate a robust interaction of the MC4R with GPR7, both of which are expressed in the hypothalamic nucleus paraventricularis. Moreover, we determined a strong interaction of MC3R with the growth hormone secretagogue receptor expressed in the nucleus arcuatus. CONCLUSION Identification GPCR heterodimerization adds to the understanding of the complexity of weight regulation and may provide important information to develop therapeutic strategies to treat obesity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus/metabolism
- Body Weight/physiology
- COS Cells
- Chlorocebus aethiops
- Dimerization
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
- Gene Expression/physiology
- Humans
- Kidney/cytology
- Obesity/genetics
- Obesity/metabolism
- Obesity/physiopathology
- Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus/metabolism
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/chemistry
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/genetics
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/metabolism
- Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 3/chemistry
- Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 3/genetics
- Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 3/metabolism
- Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4/chemistry
- Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4/genetics
- Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/chemistry
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/metabolism
- Receptors, Cell Surface/chemistry
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/chemistry
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/chemistry
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/genetics
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/metabolism
- Receptors, Neuropeptide Y/chemistry
- Receptors, Neuropeptide Y/genetics
- Receptors, Neuropeptide Y/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/genetics
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Receptors, Peptide/chemistry
- Receptors, Peptide/genetics
- Receptors, Peptide/metabolism
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Rediger
- Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Charité - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Germany
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40
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of eukaryotic gene expression. They have been implicated in a broad range of biological processes, and miRNA-related genetic alterations probably underlie more human diseases than currently appreciated. Several studies have identified genetic variants in miRNA target sites that are claimed to be associated with disorders ranging from Parkinson's disease to cancer. However, careful assessment of these studies indicates that very few provide a combination of rigorous genetic and functional evidence. We therefore suggest a set of concrete recommendations to guide future investigations. Specifically, we highlight the importance of unbiased association studies and follow-up functional experiments for providing a clearer picture of the extent to which microRNA target site variations are relevant in various human diseases.
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Abstract
The neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) has been implicated in the modulation of aggression in animals and humans. A longstanding dogma that aggression and serotonergic activity are inversely related has to be abandoned in light of many new findings. Trait and state aggression are differentially regulated by the 5-HT system and different 5-HT receptors seem to be involved. Of the 14 different 5-HT receptors, the 5-HT(1B) receptor, particularly the postsynaptically located 5-HT(1B) heteroreceptor, plays a highly selective role in the modulation of offensive aggression. We are still far from understanding the complex role played by the serotonergic system in the modulation of a complex set of behaviors like aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berend Olivier
- Department of Psychopharmacology, Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 36, 3584CA Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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42
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Riegert C, Rothmaier AK, Leemhuis J, Sexton TJ, Neumaier JF, Cassel JC, Jackisch R. Increased expression of 5-HT(1B) receptors by Herpes simplex virus gene transfer in septal neurons: New in vitro and in vivo models to study 5-HT(1B) receptor function. Brain Res Bull 2008; 76:439-53. [PMID: 18502320 PMCID: PMC2667131 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2008.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2007] [Revised: 01/10/2008] [Accepted: 01/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Serotonergic modulation of acetylcholine (ACh) release after neuron-specific increase of the expression of 5-HT(1B) receptors by gene transfer was studied in vitro and in vivo. The increased expression of the 5-HT(1B) receptor in vitro was induced by treating rat primary fetal septal cell cultures for 3 days with a viral vector inducing the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) vector alone, or, in addition, of 5-HT(1B) receptors (HA1B/GFP vector). The transfection resulted in a high number of GFP-positive cells, part of which being immunopositive for choline acetyltransferase. In HA1B/GFP-cultures (vs. GFP-cultures), electrically evoked ACh release was significantly more sensitive to the inhibitory action of the 5-HT(1B) agonist CP-93,129. Increased expression of the 5-HT(1B) receptor in vivo was induced by stereotaxic injections of the vectors into the rat septal region. Three days later, electrically evoked release of ACh in hippocampal slices of HA1B/GFP-treated rats was lower than in their GFP-treated counterparts, showing a higher inhibitory efficacy of endogenous 5-HT on cholinergic terminals after transfection. Moreover, CP-93,129 had a higher inhibitory potency. In conclusion, the HA1B/GFP vector reveals a useful tool to induce a targeted increase of 5-HT(1B) heteroreceptors on cholinergic neurons in selected CNS regions, which provides interesting perspectives for functional approaches at more integrated levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Riegert
- Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie der Universität Freiburg, Neuropharmakologisches Labor, Hansastrasse 9A, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie et de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 7191 CNRS Université Louis Pasteur, GDR CNRS 2905, IFR 37 Neurosciences, 12, rue Goethe, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anna Katharina Rothmaier
- Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie der Universität Freiburg, Neuropharmakologisches Labor, Hansastrasse 9A, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jost Leemhuis
- Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie der Universität Freiburg, Abteilung I, Albertstrasse 25, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Timothy J. Sexton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - John F. Neumaier
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Jean-Christophe Cassel
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie et de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 7191 CNRS Université Louis Pasteur, GDR CNRS 2905, IFR 37 Neurosciences, 12, rue Goethe, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Rolf Jackisch
- Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie der Universität Freiburg, Neuropharmakologisches Labor, Hansastrasse 9A, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
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43
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Bordukalo-Niksić T, Mokrović G, Jernej B, Cicin-Sain L. Expression of 5HT-1A and 5HT-1B receptor genes in brains of Wistar-Zagreb 5HT rats. Coll Antropol 2008; 32 Suppl 1:37-41. [PMID: 18405056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
By selective breeding, two sublines of rats with high or low activity of platelet serotonin (5HT) transporter (5HTt) have been developed (Wistar-Zagreb 5HT rats). Previous studies demonstrated significant differences between the sublines in the expression of platelet 5HTt at the level of both, mRNA and protein. Pharmacological studies showed marked alterations in brain 5HTt function, indicating differences in central serotonin homeostasis, although analysis of regional brain 5HTt gene expression did not show analogous differences. In this study, we searched for possible changes in the expression of the two central 5HT receptor subtypes: 5HT-1A and 5HT-1B, both participating in the regulation of brain 5HT transmission. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR, with three different housekeeping genes as internal standards, showed no differences in the levels of 5HT-receptor expression between the sublines. Results suggest that constitutional alteration of 5HT homeostasis, induced by selective breeding for the extremes of platelet 5HTt activity, did not cause measurable changes in the expression of central 5HT-1A (hippocampus) and 5HT-1B (striatum) receptors in the mentioned rat sublines under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Bordukalo-Niksić
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Molecular Biology, Ruder Bosković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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44
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Zouk H, McGirr A, Lebel V, Benkelfat C, Rouleau G, Turecki G. The effect of genetic variation of the serotonin 1B receptor gene on impulsive aggressive behavior and suicide. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2007; 144B:996-1002. [PMID: 17510950 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Impulsive-aggressive behaviors (IABs) are regarded as possible suicide intermediate phenotypes, mediating the relationship between genes and suicide outcome. In this study, we aimed to investigate the putative relationship between genetic variation at the 5-HT1B receptor gene, which in animal models is involved in impulse-aggression control, IABs, and suicide risk. We investigated the relationship of variation at five 5-HT1B loci and IAB measures in a sample of 696 subjects, including 338 individuals who died by suicide and 358 normal epidemiological controls. We found that variation at the 5-HT1B promoter A-161T locus had a significant effect on levels of IABs, as measured by the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI). Suicides also differed from controls in distribution of variants at this locus. The A-161T locus, which seems to impact 5-HT1B transcription, could play a role in suicide predisposition by means of mediating impulsive-aggressive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Zouk
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Hospital Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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45
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Abstract
Several studies have suggested that suicidal behavior is at least partially determined by genetic factors, supporting a search for related genes. Two genes that have been highlighted in the literature as being involved are HTR1B, which codes for the serotonin 1B receptor, and COMT, which is related to the inactivation of catecholamines. In order to assess the combined evidence for the numerous studies that have been published relating suicidal behavior to these two genes, two different random effects meta-analyses were conducted utilizing seven studies related to HTR1B and six studies related to COMT. For HTR1B, the combined evidence from 789 case and 1,247 control subjects/participants, suggested that there was no significant association between the HTR1B G861C polymorphism and suicidal behavior. For COMT, based on the combined data from 519 cases and 933 control subjects, there was evidence of a significant association between the COMT 158Met polymorphism and suicidal behavior. Although the results for COMT were not influenced by publication bias, the significance of the combined results was not robust and was related to the gender of the case and control subjects. The results for COMT support past literature that has found a relationship between suicidal behavior and COMT, and has also found that the relationship differs for males and females. Given that in the United States a higher proportion of females attempt suicide, and the higher proportion of males successfully commit suicide, it is possible that COMT is related to the lethality of suicide attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett M Kia-Keating
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Genomics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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46
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Sibille E, Su J, Leman S, Le Guisquet AM, Ibarguen-Vargas Y, Joeyen-Waldorf J, Glorioso C, Tseng GC, Pezzone M, Hen R, Belzung C. Lack of serotonin1B receptor expression leads to age-related motor dysfunction, early onset of brain molecular aging and reduced longevity. Mol Psychiatry 2007; 12:1042-56, 975. [PMID: 17420766 PMCID: PMC2515886 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Normal aging of the brain differs from pathological conditions and is associated with increased risk for psychiatric and neurological disorders. In addition to its role in the etiology and treatment of mood disorders, altered serotonin (5-HT) signaling is considered a contributing factor to aging; however, no causative role has been identified in aging. We hypothesized that a deregulation of the 5-HT system would reveal its contribution to age-related processes and investigated behavioral and molecular changes throughout adult life in mice lacking the regulatory presynaptic 5-HT(1B) receptor (5-HT(1B)R), a candidate gene for 5-HT-mediated age-related functions. We show that the lack of 5-HT(1B)R (Htr1b(KO) mice) induced an early age-related motor decline and resulted in decreased longevity. Analysis of life-long transcriptome changes revealed an early and global shift of the gene expression signature of aging in the brain of Htr1b(KO) mice. Moreover, molecular changes reached an apparent maximum effect at 18-months in Htr1b(KO) mice, corresponding to the onset of early death in that group. A comparative analysis with our previous characterization of aging in the human brain revealed a phylogenetic conservation of age-effect from mice to humans, and confirmed the early onset of molecular aging in Htr1b(KO) mice. Potential mechanisms appear independent of known central mechanisms (Bdnf, inflammation), but may include interactions with previously identified age-related systems (IGF-1, sirtuins). In summary, our findings suggest that the onset of age-related events can be influenced by altered 5-HT function, thus identifying 5-HT as a modulator of brain aging, and suggesting age-related consequences to chronic manipulation of 5-HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sibille
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J Su
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - S Leman
- EA3248 Psychobiologie des émotions, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - AM Le Guisquet
- EA3248 Psychobiologie des émotions, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Y Ibarguen-Vargas
- EA3248 Psychobiologie des émotions, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - J Joeyen-Waldorf
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - C Glorioso
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - GC Tseng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M Pezzone
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R Hen
- Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - C Belzung
- EA3248 Psychobiologie des émotions, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
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47
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Abstract
Learning disorders (LD) commonly comprise of a heterogeneous group of disorders manifested by unexpected problems in some children's experiences in the academic performance arena. These problems especially comprise of a variety of disorders which may be subclassified to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), reading disability (RD), specific language impairment (SLI), speech-sound disorder (SSD), and dyspraxia. The aim of this review is to summarize the current molecular studies and some of the most exciting recent developments in molecular genetic research on LD. The findings for the association and linkage of LD with candidate genes will help to set the research agendas for future studies to follow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Caylak
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Firat University, School of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey.
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Ansar S, Vikman P, Nielsen M, Edvinsson L. Cerebrovascular ETB, 5-HT1B, and AT1 receptor upregulation correlates with reduction in regional CBF after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007; 293:H3750-8. [PMID: 17873013 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00857.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesize that cerebral ischemia leads to enhanced expression of endothelin (ET), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and angiotensin II (ANG II) receptors in the vascular smooth muscle cells. Our aim is to correlate the upregulation of cerebrovascular receptors and the underlying molecular mechanisms with the reduction in regional and global cerebral blood flow (CBF) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). SAH was induced by injecting 250 microl blood into the prechiasmatic cistern in rats. The cerebral arteries were removed 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after the SAH for functional and molecular studies. The contractile responses to ET-1, 5-carboxamidotryptamine (5-CT), and ANG II were investigated with myograph. The receptor mRNA and protein levels were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. In addition, regional and global CBFs were measured by an autoradiographic method. As a result, SAH resulted in enhanced contractions to ET-1 and 5-CT. ANG II [via ANG II type 1 (AT(1)) receptors] induced increased contractile responses [in the presence of the ANG II type 2 (AT(2)) receptor antagonist PD-123319]. In parallel the ET(B), 5-HT(1B), and AT(1) receptor, mRNA and protein levels were elevated by time. The regional and global CBF showed a successive reduction with time after SAH. In conclusion, the results demonstrate for the first time that SAH induces the upregulation of ET(B), 5-HT(1B), and AT(1) receptors in a time-dependent manner both at functional, mRNA, and protein levels. These changes occur in parallel with a successive decrease in CBF. Thus there is a temporal correlation between the changes in receptor expression and CBF reduction, suggesting a linkage.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II/metabolism
- Animals
- Autoradiography
- Cerebral Arteries/metabolism
- Cerebral Arteries/physiopathology
- Cerebrovascular Circulation/drug effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Endothelin-1/metabolism
- Immunohistochemistry
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/metabolism
- Receptor, Endothelin B/genetics
- Receptor, Endothelin B/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/metabolism
- Serotonin/analogs & derivatives
- Serotonin/pharmacology
- Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/metabolism
- Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/physiopathology
- Time Factors
- Up-Regulation
- Vasoconstriction/drug effects
- Vasoconstrictor Agents/metabolism
- Vasoconstrictor Agents/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Saema Ansar
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Experimental Vascular Research, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.
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Kim JW, Waldman ID, Faraone SV, Biederman J, Doyle AE, Purcell S, Arbeitman L, Fagerness J, Sklar P, Smoller JW. Investigation of parent-of-origin effects in ADHD candidate genes. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2007; 144B:776-80. [PMID: 17427194 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common early-onset childhood disorder with a strong genetic component. Results from previous studies have suggested that there may be a parent-of-origin effect for ADHD candidate genes. In particular, a recent investigation identified a pattern of paternal over-transmission of risk alleles for nine ADHD candidate genes. We examined this phenomenon in a sample of 291 trios for five genes previously associated with ADHD (HTR1B, SNAP-25, DRD5, DAT1, and BDNF). Using a dense map of markers and two analytic methods in this relatively large family-based sample, we do not find any evidence for significant paternal over-transmission of risk alleles in these candidate loci. Thus, we conclude that a substantial parent-of-origin effect is unlikely for these leading ADHD candidate genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Woo Kim
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
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Mehrotra S, Vanmolkot KRJ, Frants RR, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, Ferrari MD, MaassenVanDenBrink A. The phe-124-Cys and A-161T variants of the human 5-HT1B receptor gene are not major determinants of the clinical response to sumatriptan. Headache 2007; 47:711-6. [PMID: 17501853 DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2007.00792.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor agonist sumatriptan is highly effective in the treatment of migraine. However, some patients do not respond to sumatriptan or experience recurrence of the headache after initial relief. In addition, some patients report chest symptoms after the use of sumatriptan. OBJECTIVE To assess whether 2 genetic variants (F124C changing a phenylalanine for a cysteine and polymorphism A/T at nucleotide position -161 in the 5' regulatory region) of the 5-HT(1B) receptor play a major role in the therapeutic response to sumatriptan. The 5-HT(1B) receptor most likely mediates the therapeutic action and coronary side effects of sumatriptan, and both F124C and A-161T have relevant functional consequences on either the affinity of sumatriptan to bind to the 5-HT(1B) receptor or on receptor expression level itself, respectively. METHOD Genomic DNA of a relatively small but very well-characterized set of migraine patients with consistently good response to sumatriptan (n = 14), with no response (n = 12), with recurrence of the headache (n = 12), with chest symptoms (n = 13), and patients without chest symptoms (n = 27) was available for the genetic analyses and screened for the F124C variant and the A-161T polymorphism in the human 5-HT(1B) receptor gene. RESULTS F124C was not detected in any of the patients studied. In addition, we did not observe drastic changes in allele frequencies of the A-161T polymorphism that might hint to a causal relation with the therapeutic effect of sumatriptan. CONCLUSION We have not obtained any evidence that variants F124C and A-161T of the 5-HT(1B) receptor are major determinants in the clinical response to sumatriptan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneet Mehrotra
- Erasmus MC-Department of Pharmacology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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