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Crawford G, Lobo R, Maycock B, Brown G. More than mateship: exploring how Australian male expatriates, longer-term and frequent travellers experience social support. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2251222. [PMID: 37643465 PMCID: PMC10467526 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2251222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Those travelling overseas for work or leisure including male expatriates, longer-term and frequent travellers (ELoFTs) may be at heightened risk for a range of health and wellbeing issues. Social support may mediate this risk. However, from a public health perspective, little is written about how ELoFTs access health information and support and the role of their social networks in facilitating health and wellbeing outcomes. This research was part of a study examining social network processes of Australian male ELoFTs travelling, living, or working in Southeast Asia (SEA). METHODS Symbolic Interactionism and Grounded Theory were the conceptual framework and methodology supporting semi-structured, in-depth interviews (n = 25) conducted in Australia and Thailand with Australian male ELoFTs to SEA, aged 18 years or older. RESULTS Findings highlight supports that assist ELoFT transition and adjustment to country of destination or manage their transnational experience. Influential places, people, and points in the migration journey mediated engagement with social support. CONCLUSIONS ELoFT social networks and the support provided within them may provide a mechanism for intervention across a range of public health issues. Findings may support the development of policy and practice across industries charged with supporting successful ELoFT adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Crawford
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - R Lobo
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - B Maycock
- College of Medicine & Health, University of Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - G Brown
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Centre for Social Impact, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, La Trobe University, Bundoora Victoria, Australia
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2
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Leavy JE, Della Bona M, Abercromby M, Crawford G. Drinking and swimming around waterways: The role of alcohol, sensation-seeking, peer influence and risk in young people. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276558. [PMID: 36331939 PMCID: PMC9635690 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of individual and sociocultural factors contributing to drowning risk for young adults is complex and poorly understood. This study examined the relationship between behaviour in and around waterways and: 1) alcohol consumption; 2) resistance to peer influence; 3) sensation-seeking; 4) perception of risk among people aged 15–24 in Western Australia. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted at three time-points with a convenience sample. Predictor variables included: Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test Consumption (AUDIT_C); Resistance to Peer Influence; Brief Sensation Seeking scale; Benthin’s Perception of risk. Pearson chi-squared tests determined the association between demographic and predictor variables. Logistic regression explored influence of potential predictor variables on behaviour in and around water. The final sample (n = 730) participants, consisted of females (n = 537, 74.5%), metropolitan dwelling (n = 616, 84.4%), and attended university (n = 410, 56.9%). Significant associations were found for those who swum after drinking alcohol compared with those that had not by age, gender, education. For every 1-unit increase in AUDIT-C participants were 60% more likely to swim after drinking (OR 95% CI 1.60 1.44–1.78). Participants who considered an adverse event serious were 15% less likely to have swum after drinking alcohol (OR 0.85 95% CI 0.73–0.99). The complex relationship between social participation in activities in and around waterways, higher drowning rates, propensity for risk, and the meaning young adults attach to risk locations and practices present unique challenges for drowning prevention research. Findings should be used to improve the awareness and education components of future youth water safety strategies in high-income settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. E. Leavy
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia,* E-mail:
| | - M. Della Bona
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - M. Abercromby
- Royal Life Saving Society Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - G. Crawford
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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3
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Damholt A, Keller MK, Baranowski K, Brown B, Wichmann A, Melsaether C, Eskesen D, Westphal V, Arltoft D, Habicht A, Gao Q, Crawford G. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG DSM 33156 effects on pathogen defence in the upper respiratory tract: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled paediatric trial. Benef Microbes 2021; 13:13-23. [PMID: 34895109 DOI: 10.3920/bm2021.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Acute upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are caused by numerous viruses and bacteria. URTIs can be a cause of morbidity and are among the most common reasons for visiting healthcare practitioners and prescribing antibiotics to children in addition to causing absenteeism from school and work. Oral intake of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG DSM 33156 has shown beneficial health effects in several clinical trials, primarily relating to immune function and gastrointestinal health in children and adults. It has also been suggested that oral intake of L. rhamnosus GG DSM 33156 can reduce the incidence rate and alleviate symptoms of URTIs in children. We here report the results of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 619 children aged 2-6 years conducted at a single centre in Scotland. The children, who were in day care or primary school, were followed over a 16-week intervention period with 309 randomised in the active group and 310 in the placebo group. The parents or guardians reported a daily healthcare status and any presumed episodes of URTI, which were subsequently confirmed by a general practitioner. The investigational product was well tolerated in the trial. Although a general trend towards a beneficial effect was observed, this trial did not demonstrate that L. rhamnosus GG DSM 33156 significantly reduced the incidence of URTIs, diagnosed by a general practitioner according to prespecified criteria (primary endpoint). Moreover, none of the secondary efficacy endpoints were met. Applying a Ward's hierarchical clustering, two separate clusters, focussing on four quality of life-related endpoints, were identified. Cluster 1 was associated with more severe URTI characteristics than cluster 2. Cluster 2 was significantly enriched with children who consumed the product, indicating that the symptoms children experience during an URTI are alleviated by the intake of L. rhamnosus GG DSM 33156. The study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03636191.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Damholt
- Chr. Hansen A/S, Kogle allé 6, Hørsholm 2970, Denmark
| | - M K Keller
- Chr. Hansen A/S, Kogle allé 6, Hørsholm 2970, Denmark
| | - K Baranowski
- CPS Research, 3 Acre Road, Todd Campus, Glasgow G20 0XA, United Kingdom
| | - B Brown
- CPS Research, 3 Acre Road, Todd Campus, Glasgow G20 0XA, United Kingdom
| | - A Wichmann
- Chr. Hansen A/S, Kogle allé 6, Hørsholm 2970, Denmark
| | - C Melsaether
- Chr. Hansen A/S, Kogle allé 6, Hørsholm 2970, Denmark
| | - D Eskesen
- Chr. Hansen A/S, Kogle allé 6, Hørsholm 2970, Denmark
| | - V Westphal
- Chr. Hansen A/S, Kogle allé 6, Hørsholm 2970, Denmark
| | - D Arltoft
- Chr. Hansen A/S, Kogle allé 6, Hørsholm 2970, Denmark
| | - A Habicht
- Signifikans Aps, Bygstubben 16, Vedbæk 2950, Denmark
| | - Q Gao
- Signifikans Aps, Bygstubben 16, Vedbæk 2950, Denmark
| | - G Crawford
- CPS Research, 3 Acre Road, Todd Campus, Glasgow G20 0XA, United Kingdom
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Shearer J, Gray C, Crawford G, Lobo R. 5.5-O8HIV and mobility in Australia: creating a coalition and a road map for action. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky047.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Shearer
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Australia
| | - C Gray
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Australia
| | - G Crawford
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Australia
| | - R Lobo
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Australia
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Gray C, Crawford G, Lobo R, Shearer J, Narciso L, Oudih E, Gunaratnam P, Thorpe R. 6.5-O7General practitioner experiences of testing people born in sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia for HIV in Australia. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky047.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Gray
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Australia
| | - G Crawford
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Australia
| | - R Lobo
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Australia
| | - J Shearer
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Australia
| | | | - E Oudih
- Relationships Australia SA, Australia
| | - P Gunaratnam
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - R Thorpe
- Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, La Trobe University, Australia
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Shearer J, Gray C, Crawford G, Lobo R, Reid A. 4.10-P22HIV knowledge and use of health services among people born in sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia living in Perth, Western Australia. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky048.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - C Gray
- Curtin University, Australia
| | | | - R Lobo
- Curtin University, Australia
| | - A Reid
- Curtin University, Australia
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7
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Shearer J, Crawford G, Leavy J, Della Bona M, Nimmo L, Jancey J. 1.11-P23Drowning prevention in CaLD communities living in Western Australia. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky048.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Shearer
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Australia
| | - G Crawford
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Australia
| | - J Leavy
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Australia
| | - M Della Bona
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Australia
| | - L Nimmo
- Royal Life Saving Society of Western Australia, Australia
| | - J Jancey
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, Curtin University, Australia
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8
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Gray C, Crawford G, Lobo R, Shearer J, Narciso L, Oudih E, Gunaratnam P, Thorpe R. 4.10-P23Barriers and enablers to HIV testing among people born in sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia living in Australia. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky048.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Gray
- Curtin University, Australia
| | | | - R Lobo
- Curtin University, Australia
| | | | | | - E Oudih
- Relationships Australia SA, Australia
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9
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Lloyd SM, Crawford G, McSkimming P, Grifi M, Greenwell TJ, Ockrim JL. The impact of age, gender and severity of overactive bladder wet on quality of life, productivity, treatment patterns and satisfaction. Journal of Clinical Urology 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/2051415817710111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this article is to determine the impact of idiopathic overactive bladder wet (OAB wet) severity, age and gender on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), productivity, treatment patterns and treatment satisfaction. Materials and methods: A prospective, cross-sectional online survey of adults in the United Kingdom was performed to screen for self-reported symptoms of OAB wet. Respondents completed the King’s Health Questionnaire or the Incontinence Quality of Life, as well as the Euroqol 5D, and the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Specific Health Problem questionnaire, and questions pertaining to distress, treatment and treatment satisfaction. Results: A total of 249 of 1126 respondents (22.1%) met the criteria for OAB wet. Respondents with moderate/severe OAB wet and all women experienced significantly worse HRQoL and work productivity than those with mild symptoms and all men, respectively. Among all OAB wet responders, 62.7% were receiving treatment for their condition, predominantly pads (40.2%); only 1.6% were receiving specialised treatment. Nearly one-half (44.6%) were somewhat or completely dissatisfied with their current treatment. Conclusion: In individuals with OAB wet, severity and gender negatively impact HRQoL and work productivity. A substantial proportion of OAB wet individuals were untreated, and low treatment satisfaction was reported in those receiving treatment. Treatment was generally conservative.
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Affiliation(s)
- SM Lloyd
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, UK
| | | | - P McSkimming
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - M Grifi
- Reimbursement and Health Economics, Medtronic International Trading Sàrl, Switzerland
| | - TJ Greenwell
- Institute of Urology, University College Hospital London, UK
| | - JL Ockrim
- Institute of Urology, University College Hospital London, UK
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10
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Coyle C, Crawford G, Wilkinson J, Thomas SJ, Bytzer P. Randomised clinical trial: addition of alginate-antacid (Gaviscon Double Action) to proton pump inhibitor therapy in patients with breakthrough symptoms. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2017; 45:1524-1533. [PMID: 28464343 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Symptomatic breakthrough in proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-treated gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients is a common problem with a range of underlying causes. The nonsystemic, raft-forming action of alginates may help resolve symptoms. AIM To assess alginate-antacid (Gaviscon Double Action, RB, Slough, UK) as add-on therapy to once-daily PPI for suppression of breakthrough reflux symptoms. METHODS In two randomised, double-blind studies (exploratory, n=52; confirmatory, n=262), patients taking standard-dose PPI who had breakthrough symptoms, assessed by Heartburn Reflux Dyspepsia Questionnaire (HRDQ), were randomised to add-on Gaviscon or placebo (20 mL after meals and bedtime). The exploratory study endpoint was change in HRDQ score during treatment vs run-in. The confirmatory study endpoint was "response" defined as ≥3 days reduction in the number of "bad" days (HRDQ [heartburn/regurgitation] >0.70) during treatment vs run-in. RESULTS In the exploratory study, significantly greater reductions in HRDQ scores (heartburn/regurgitation) were observed in the Gaviscon vs placebo (least squares mean difference [95% CI] -2.10 [-3.71 to -0.48]; P=.012). Post hoc "responder" analysis of the exploratory study also revealed significantly more Gaviscon patients (75%) achieved ≥3 days reduction in "bad" days vs placebo patients (36%), P=.005. In the confirmatory study, symptomatic improvement was observed with add-on Gaviscon (51%) but there was no significant difference in response vs placebo (48%) (OR (95% CI) 1.15 (0.69-1.91), P=.5939). CONCLUSIONS Adding Gaviscon to PPI reduced breakthrough GERD symptoms but a nearly equal response was observed for placebo. Response to intervention may vary according to whether symptoms are functional in origin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - P Bytzer
- Zealand University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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Reilly T, Crawford G, Lobo R, Leavy J, Jancey J. Ethics and health promotion practice: exploring attitudes and practices in Western Australian health organisations. Health Promot J Austr 2017; 27:54-60. [PMID: 27041127 DOI: 10.1071/he15059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Issue addressed Evidence-informed practice underpinned by ethics is fundamental to developing the science of health promotion. Knowledge and application of ethical principles are competencies required for health promotion practice. However, these competencies are often inconsistently understood and applied. This research explored attitudes, practices, enablers and barriers related to ethics in practice in Western Australian health organisations. Methods Semistructured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 health promotion practitioners, purposefully selected to provide a cross-section of government and non-government organisations. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and then themed. Results The majority of participants reported consideration of ethics in their practice; however, only half reported seeking Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC) approval for projects in the past 12 months. Enablers identified as supporting ethics in practice and disseminating findings included: support preparing ethics applications; resources and training about ethical practice; ability to access HRECs for ethics approval; and a supportive organisational culture. Barriers included: limited time; insufficient resourcing and capacity; ethics approval not seen as part of core business; and concerns about academic writing. Conclusion The majority of participants were aware of the importance of ethics in practice and the dissemination of findings. However, participants reported barriers to engaging in formal ethics processes and to publishing findings. So what? Alignment of evidence-informed and ethics-based practice is critical. Resources and information about ethics may be required to support practice and encourage dissemination of findings, including in the peer-reviewed literature. Investigating the role of community-based ethics boards may be valuable to bridging the ethics-evidence gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Reilly
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, WA 6845, Australia
| | - G Crawford
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, WA 6845, Australia
| | - R Lobo
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, WA 6845, Australia
| | - J Leavy
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, WA 6845, Australia
| | - J Jancey
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, WA 6845, Australia
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12
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Abstract
CONTEXT Low birth weight (LBW) is associated with infant morbidity and mortality. This is the first study of LBW in Kansas using vital statistics to determine maternal and health care system factors associated with LBW. OUTCOMES Low birth weight. OBJECTIVE Determine if prenatal care, maternal socio-demographic or medical factors, or insurance status were associated with LBW. METHODS Birth certificate data were merged with Medicaid eligibility data and subjected to logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Of the 37,081 single vaginal births, LBW rates were 5.5% overall, 10.8% for African Americans, and 5% for White Americans. Lacking private insurance was associated with 34% more LBW infants (AOR 1.34; 95% CI 1.13-1.58), increased comorbidity, and late or less prenatal care. Low birth weight was associated with maternal medical comorbidity and with previous adverse birth outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Insurance status, prenatal care, and maternal health during pregnancy are associated with LBW. Private insurance was consistently associated with more prenatal care and better outcomes. This study has important implications regarding health care reform.
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Mindlis I, Morales-Raveendran E, Goodman E, Xu K, Vila-Castelar C, Keller K, Crawford G, James S, Katz CL, Crowley LE, de la Hoz RE, Markowitz S, Wisnivesky JP. Post-traumatic stress disorder dimensions and asthma morbidity in World Trade Center rescue and recovery workers. J Asthma 2016; 54:723-731. [PMID: 27905829 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2016.1263650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using data from a cohort of World Trade Center (WTC) rescue and recovery workers with asthma, we assessed whether meeting criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), sub-threshold PTSD, and for specific PTSD symptom dimensions are associated with increased asthma morbidity. METHODS Participants underwent a Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual to assess the presence of PTSD following DSM-IV criteria during in-person interviews between December 2013 and April 2015. We defined sub-threshold PTSD as meeting criteria for two of three symptom dimensions: re-experiencing, avoidance, or hyper-arousal. Asthma control, acute asthma-related healthcare utilization, and asthma-related quality of life data were collected using validated scales. Unadjusted and multiple regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship between sub-threshold PTSD and PTSD symptom domains with asthma morbidity measures. RESULTS Of the 181 WTC workers with asthma recruited into the study, 28% had PTSD and 25% had sub-threshold PTSD. Patients with PTSD showed worse asthma control, higher rates of inpatient healthcare utilization, and poorer asthma quality of life than those with sub-threshold or no PTSD. After adjusting for potential confounders, among patients not meeting the criteria for full PTSD, those presenting symptoms of re-experiencing exhibited poorer quality of life (p = 0.003). Avoidance was associated with increased acute healthcare use (p = 0.05). Sub-threshold PTSD was not associated with asthma morbidity (p > 0.05 for all comparisons). CONCLUSIONS There may be benefit in assessing asthma control in patients with sub-threshold PTSD symptoms as well as those with full PTSD to more effectively identify ongoing asthma symptoms and target management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Mindlis
- a Division of General Internal Medicine , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA
| | - E Morales-Raveendran
- a Division of General Internal Medicine , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA
| | - E Goodman
- a Division of General Internal Medicine , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA
| | - K Xu
- a Division of General Internal Medicine , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA
| | - C Vila-Castelar
- b The Graduate Center, City University of New York , New York , NY , USA.,c Queens College, City University of New York , Flushing , NY , USA
| | - K Keller
- a Division of General Internal Medicine , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA
| | - G Crawford
- a Division of General Internal Medicine , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA
| | - S James
- a Division of General Internal Medicine , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA
| | - C L Katz
- d Department of Psychiatry , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA
| | - L E Crowley
- e Department of Preventive Medicine , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA
| | - R E de la Hoz
- a Division of General Internal Medicine , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA.,f Division of Pulmonary , Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA
| | - S Markowitz
- c Queens College, City University of New York , Flushing , NY , USA
| | - J P Wisnivesky
- a Division of General Internal Medicine , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA.,f Division of Pulmonary , Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA
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Crawford G, Lobo R, Brown G, Maycock B. The influence of population mobility on changing patterns of HIV acquisition: lessons for and from Australia. Health Promot J Austr 2016; 27:153-154. [PMID: 27040978 DOI: 10.1071/he15042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Investment, bipartisan support and involvement from affected communities have characterised Australia's HIV response, and helped maintain a low prevalence epidemic. Patterns of HIV acquisition are changing, with an increasing number of infections acquired overseas by migrant and mobile populations. A coordinated national response is required to address HIV acquisition in the context of population mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Crawford
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - R Lobo
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - G Brown
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - B Maycock
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
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15
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Crawford G, Ball DR. Collecting safety data on procedural sedation. Anaesthesia 2015; 70:997. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.13144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - D. R. Ball
- Dumfries and Galloway Hospital; Dumfries UK
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16
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Baride A, Meruga JM, Douma C, Langerman D, Crawford G, Kellar JJ, Cross WM, May PS. A NIR-to-NIR upconversion luminescence system for security printing applications. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra20785a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A covert print-and-read system is demonstrated based on NIR-to-NIR upconversion luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Baride
- Department of Chemistry
- University of South Dakota
- Vermillion
- USA
| | - J. M. Meruga
- Materials and Metallurgical Engineering
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology
- Rapid City
- USA
| | - C. Douma
- Department of Chemistry
- University of South Dakota
- Vermillion
- USA
| | - D. Langerman
- Electrical and Computer Engineering
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology
- Rapid City
- USA
| | - G. Crawford
- Materials and Metallurgical Engineering
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology
- Rapid City
- USA
| | - J. J. Kellar
- Materials and Metallurgical Engineering
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology
- Rapid City
- USA
| | - W. M. Cross
- Materials and Metallurgical Engineering
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology
- Rapid City
- USA
| | - P. S. May
- Department of Chemistry
- University of South Dakota
- Vermillion
- USA
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Blak BT, Wade AG, Crawford G, Emmas C, Lichfield J. The Impact of Influenza like Illness (ILI) in Children on Working Adults. Value Health 2014; 17:A684. [PMID: 27202535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.2557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - C Emmas
- AstraZeneca UK Ltd, Luton, UK
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Thomas E, Wade A, Crawford G, Jenner B, Levinson N, Wilkinson J. Randomised clinical trial: relief of upper gastrointestinal symptoms by an acid pocket-targeting alginate-antacid (Gaviscon Double Action) - a double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot study in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2014; 39:595-602. [PMID: 24471505 DOI: 10.1111/apt.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The alginate-antacid, Gaviscon Double Action (Gaviscon DA; Reckitt Benckiser, Slough, UK) suppresses reflux after meals by creating a gel-like barrier that caps and displaces the acid pocket distal to the oesophago-gastric junction. The effect of Gaviscon DA on reflux and dyspepsia symptoms has not yet been demonstrated with a modern trial design. AIM A pilot study to assess the efficacy and safety of Gaviscon DA compared with matched placebo for decreasing upper gastrointestinal symptoms in symptomatic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients. METHODS A randomised, double-blind, parallel group study was performed in 110 patients with symptoms of GERD. Patients received Gaviscon DA or placebo tablets for 7 consecutive days. The primary endpoint compared the change in overall Reflux Disease Questionnaire (RDQ) symptom score (combined heartburn/regurgitation/dyspepsia). Secondary endpoints assessed individual dimensions, GERD dimension (heartburn and regurgitation) and overall treatment evaluation (OTE). RESULTS There was a greater decrease in overall RDQ symptom score in the Gaviscon DA group compared with the placebo group (Least Squares Mean difference -0.55; P = 0.0033), and for each of the dimensions independently. Patients in the Gaviscon DA group evaluated their overall treatment response higher than patients in the placebo group [mean (standard deviation) OTE 4.1 (2.44) vs. 1.9 (3.34); P = 0.0005]. No differences in the incidence of adverse events were observed between treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Gaviscon DA decreases reflux and dyspeptic symptoms in GERD patients compared with matched placebo and has a favourable benefit-risk balance. Larger scale clinical investigations of medications targeting the acid pocket are warranted. (EudraCT, 2012-002188-84).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Thomas
- Category Development Organisation, Reckitt Benckiser, Slough, UK
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Burgess T, Braunack-Mayer A, Crawford G, Beilby J. HOW WELL DOES THE AUSTRALIAN HEALTH CARE SYSTEM SUPPORT QUALITY END-OF-LIFE CARE FOR PEOPLE WITH CHRONIC DISEASE? BMJ Support Palliat Care 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2013-000491.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Sandino J, Crawford G, Fillmore L, Kinnear D. Energy Efficiency in Wastewater Treatment in North America: A Compendium of Best Practices and Case Studies of Novel Approaches. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.2175/193864711802836445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pereyra F, Jia X, McLaren PJ, Telenti A, de Bakker PI, Walker BD, Jia X, McLaren PJ, Ripke S, Brumme CJ, Pulit SL, Telenti A, Carrington M, Kadie CM, Carlson JM, Heckerman D, de Bakker PI, Pereyra F, de Bakker PI, Graham RR, Plenge RM, Deeks SG, Walker BD, Gianniny L, Crawford G, Sullivan J, Gonzalez E, Davies L, Camargo A, Moore JM, Beattie N, Gupta S, Crenshaw A, Burtt NP, Guiducci C, Gupta N, Carrington M, Gao X, Qi Y, Yuki Y, Pereyra F, Piechocka-Trocha A, Cutrell E, Rosenberg R, Moss KL, Lemay P, O’Leary J, Schaefer T, Verma P, Toth I, Block B, Baker B, Rothchild A, Lian J, Proudfoot J, Alvino DML, Vine S, Addo MM, Allen TM, Altfeld M, Henn MR, Le Gall S, Streeck H, Walker BD, Haas DW, Kuritzkes DR, Robbins GK, Shafer RW, Gulick RM, Shikuma CM, Haubrich R, Riddler S, Sax PE, Daar ES, Ribaudo HJ, Agan B, Agarwal S, Ahern RL, Allen BL, Altidor S, Altschuler EL, Ambardar S, Anastos K, Anderson B, Anderson V, Andrady U, Antoniskis D, Bangsberg D, Barbaro D, Barrie W, Bartczak J, Barton S, Basden P, Basgoz N, Bazner S, Bellos NC, Benson AM, Berger J, Bernard NF, Bernard AM, Birch C, Bodner SJ, Bolan RK, Boudreaux ET, Bradley M, Braun JF, Brndjar JE, Brown SJ, Brown K, Brown ST, Burack J, Bush LM, Cafaro V, Campbell O, Campbell J, Carlson RH, Carmichael JK, Casey KK, Cavacuiti C, Celestin G, Chambers ST, Chez N, Chirch LM, Cimoch PJ, Cohen D, Cohn LE, Conway B, Cooper DA, Cornelson B, Cox DT, Cristofano MV, Cuchural G, Czartoski JL, Dahman JM, Daly JS, Davis BT, Davis K, Davod SM, Deeks SG, DeJesus E, Dietz CA, Dunham E, Dunn ME, Ellerin TB, Eron JJ, Fangman JJ, Farel CE, Ferlazzo H, Fidler S, Fleenor-Ford A, Frankel R, Freedberg KA, French NK, Fuchs JD, Fuller JD, Gaberman J, Gallant JE, Gandhi RT, Garcia E, Garmon D, Gathe JC, Gaultier CR, Gebre W, Gilman FD, Gilson I, Goepfert PA, Gottlieb MS, Goulston C, Groger RK, Gurley TD, Haber S, Hardwicke R, Hardy WD, Harrigan PR, Hawkins TN, Heath S, Hecht FM, Henry WK, Hladek M, Hoffman RP, Horton JM, Hsu RK, Huhn GD, Hunt P, Hupert MJ, Illeman ML, Jaeger H, Jellinger RM, John M, Johnson JA, Johnson KL, Johnson H, Johnson K, Joly J, Jordan WC, Kauffman CA, Khanlou H, Killian RK, Kim AY, Kim DD, Kinder CA, Kirchner JT, Kogelman L, Kojic EM, Korthuis PT, Kurisu W, Kwon DS, LaMar M, Lampiris H, Lanzafame M, Lederman MM, Lee DM, Lee JM, Lee MJ, Lee ET, Lemoine J, Levy JA, Llibre JM, Liguori MA, Little SJ, Liu AY, Lopez AJ, Loutfy MR, Loy D, Mohammed DY, Man A, Mansour MK, Marconi VC, Markowitz M, Marques R, Martin JN, Martin HL, Mayer KH, McElrath MJ, McGhee TA, McGovern BH, McGowan K, McIntyre D, Mcleod GX, Menezes P, Mesa G, Metroka CE, Meyer-Olson D, Miller AO, Montgomery K, Mounzer KC, Nagami EH, Nagin I, Nahass RG, Nelson MO, Nielsen C, Norene DL, O’Connor DH, Ojikutu BO, Okulicz J, Oladehin OO, Oldfield EC, Olender SA, Ostrowski M, Owen WF, Pae E, Parsonnet J, Pavlatos AM, Perlmutter AM, Pierce MN, Pincus JM, Pisani L, Price LJ, Proia L, Prokesch RC, Pujet HC, Ramgopal M, Rathod A, Rausch M, Ravishankar J, Rhame FS, Richards CS, Richman DD, Robbins GK, Rodes B, Rodriguez M, Rose RC, Rosenberg ES, Rosenthal D, Ross PE, Rubin DS, Rumbaugh E, Saenz L, Salvaggio MR, Sanchez WC, Sanjana VM, Santiago S, Schmidt W, Schuitemaker H, Sestak PM, Shalit P, Shay W, Shirvani VN, Silebi VI, Sizemore JM, Skolnik PR, Sokol-Anderson M, Sosman JM, Stabile P, Stapleton JT, Starrett S, Stein F, Stellbrink HJ, Sterman FL, Stone VE, Stone DR, Tambussi G, Taplitz RA, Tedaldi EM, Telenti A, Theisen W, Torres R, Tosiello L, Tremblay C, Tribble MA, Trinh PD, Tsao A, Ueda P, Vaccaro A, Valadas E, Vanig TJ, Vecino I, Vega VM, Veikley W, Wade BH, Walworth C, Wanidworanun C, Ward DJ, Warner DA, Weber RD, Webster D, Weis S, Wheeler DA, White DJ, Wilkins E, Winston A, Wlodaver CG, Wout AV, Wright DP, Yang OO, Yurdin DL, Zabukovic BW, Zachary KC, Zeeman B, Zhao M. The major genetic determinants of HIV-1 control affect HLA class I peptide presentation. Science 2010; 330:1551-7. [PMID: 21051598 PMCID: PMC3235490 DOI: 10.1126/science.1195271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 911] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Infectious and inflammatory diseases have repeatedly shown strong genetic associations within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC); however, the basis for these associations remains elusive. To define host genetic effects on the outcome of a chronic viral infection, we performed genome-wide association analysis in a multiethnic cohort of HIV-1 controllers and progressors, and we analyzed the effects of individual amino acids within the classical human leukocyte antigen (HLA) proteins. We identified >300 genome-wide significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the MHC and none elsewhere. Specific amino acids in the HLA-B peptide binding groove, as well as an independent HLA-C effect, explain the SNP associations and reconcile both protective and risk HLA alleles. These results implicate the nature of the HLA-viral peptide interaction as the major factor modulating durable control of HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Florencia Pereyra
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoming Jia
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul J. McLaren
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amalio Telenti
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul I.W. de Bakker
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Genetics, Division of Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Bruce D. Walker
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | | | - Xiaoming Jia
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul J. McLaren
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephan Ripke
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Center for Human Genetic Research, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chanson J. Brumme
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara L. Pulit
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amalio Telenti
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mary Carrington
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Paul I.W. de Bakker
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Genetics, Division of Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Florencia Pereyra
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul I.W. de Bakker
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Genetics, Division of Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Robert M. Plenge
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven G. Deeks
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce D. Walker
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Leela Davies
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Amy Camargo
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Supriya Gupta
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Noël P. Burtt
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Namrata Gupta
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mary Carrington
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Xiaojiang Gao
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Ying Qi
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Yuko Yuki
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | - Florencia Pereyra
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alicja Piechocka-Trocha
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Cutrell
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel Rosenberg
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kristin L. Moss
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul Lemay
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica O’Leary
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Todd Schaefer
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pranshu Verma
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ildiko Toth
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian Block
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brett Baker
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alissa Rothchild
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Lian
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacqueline Proudfoot
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donna Marie L. Alvino
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Seanna Vine
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marylyn M. Addo
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Todd M. Allen
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcus Altfeld
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Sylvie Le Gall
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hendrik Streeck
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce D. Walker
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | | | - David W. Haas
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Daniel R. Kuritzkes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Roy M. Gulick
- Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cecilia M. Shikuma
- Hawaii Center for AIDS, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | | | | | - Paul E. Sax
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric S. Daar
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Heather J. Ribaudo
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Brian Agan
- Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kathryn Anastos
- Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ben Anderson
- St. Leonards Medical Centre, St. Leonards, Australia
| | | | | | | | - David Bangsberg
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
- MGH, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Barbaro
- Tarrant County Infectious Disease Associates, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Simon Barton
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, St. Stephen’s Centre, London, UK
| | | | | | - Suzane Bazner
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Nicole F. Bernard
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Christopher Birch
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Emilie T. Boudreaux
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, University Medical Center East Clinic, Lafayatte, LA, USA
| | - Meg Bradley
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James F. Braun
- Physicians’ Research Network, Callen-Lorde Community Health Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Larry M. Bush
- University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Lake Worth, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nancy Chez
- H.E.L.P./Project Samaritan, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Lisa M. Chirch
- David E. Rogers Center for HIV/AIDS Care, Southampton, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Lillian E. Cohn
- 9th Street Internal Medicine Associates, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian Conway
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - David A. Cooper
- National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - David T. Cox
- Metro Infectious Disease Consultants, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jennifer S. Daly
- University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | | | - Kristine Davis
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Steven G. Deeks
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Craig A. Dietz
- The Kansas City Free Health Clinic, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Eleanor Dunham
- David E. Rogers Center for HIV/AIDS Care, Southampton, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Joseph J. Eron
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Claire E. Farel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Helen Ferlazzo
- Visiting Nurse Association of Central New Jersey, Community Health Center, Asbury Park, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Neel K. French
- Private Practice of Neel K. French, M.D., Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Joel E. Gallant
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Efrain Garcia
- Private Practice of Efrain Garcia, M.D., Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Joseph C. Gathe
- Private Practice of Joseph C. Gathe Jr., M.D., Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ian Gilson
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - W. David Hardy
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Sonya Heath
- University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | | | - Melissa Hladek
- The Catholic University of America, School of Nursing, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | - Ricky K. Hsu
- New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Peter Hunt
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mark J. Hupert
- Tarrant County Infectious Disease Associates, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | | | - Hans Jaeger
- HIV Research and Clinical Care Centre, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Mina John
- Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
| | - Jennifer A. Johnson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Heather Johnson
- Tarrant County Infectious Disease Associates, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Kay Johnson
- University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer Joly
- David E. Rogers Center for HIV/AIDS Care, Southampton, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wayne Kurisu
- Sharp Rees Stealy Medical Center, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Douglas S. Kwon
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Harry Lampiris
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jean M.L. Lee
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Janice Lemoine
- Greater Lawrence Family Health Center, Lawrence, MA, USA
| | - Jay A. Levy
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Josep M. Llibre
- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Anne Y. Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Dawn Loy
- Infectious Disease Associates, Sarasota, FL, USA
| | | | - Alan Man
- Kaiser Permanente, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | | | - Martin Markowitz
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rui Marques
- Deruico Doencas Infecciosas, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Katherine McGowan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dawn McIntyre
- Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Neptune, NJ, USA
| | - Gavin X. Mcleod
- College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Prema Menezes
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Greg Mesa
- Highland Medical Associates, Hendersonville, NC, USA
| | | | - Dirk Meyer-Olson
- Medizinische Hochschule, Abteilung Klinische Immunologie, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Ellen H. Nagami
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Iris Nagin
- Lower East Side Service Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eunice Pae
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Moti Ramgopal
- Midway Immunology and Research Center, Fort Pierce, FL, USA
| | - Almas Rathod
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - J. Ravishankar
- State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Berta Rodes
- Fundacion para la Investigacion Biomedica del Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Polly E. Ross
- Western North Carolina Community Health Services, Asheville, NC, USA
| | - David S. Rubin
- New York Hospital Medical Center of Queens, Flushing, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Paul Stabile
- William F. Ryan Community Health Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Francine Stein
- Visiting Nurse Association of Central New Jersey, Community Health Center, Asbury Park, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Amalio Telenti
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - William Theisen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Phuong D. Trinh
- Montgomery Infectious Disease Associates, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Alice Tsao
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peggy Ueda
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Emilia Valadas
- Hospital de Santa Maria, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Isabel Vecino
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Barbara H. Wade
- Infectious Diseases Associates of Northwest Florida, Pensacola, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Steve Weis
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - David A. Wheeler
- Clinical Alliance for Research and Education-Infectious Diseases, Annandale, VA, USA
| | - David J. White
- Hawthorn House, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ed Wilkins
- North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Otto O. Yang
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Beth Zeeman
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meng Zhao
- United Health Services Hospitals, Binghamton, NY, USA
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25
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Calvo SE, Tucker EJ, Compton AG, Kirby DM, Crawford G, Burtt NP, Rivas M, Guiducci C, Bruno DL, Goldberger OA, Redman MC, Wiltshire E, Wilson CJ, Altshuler D, Gabriel SB, Daly MJ, Thorburn DR, Mootha VK. High-throughput, pooled sequencing identifies mutations in NUBPL and FOXRED1 in human complex I deficiency. Nat Genet 2010; 42:851-8. [PMID: 20818383 PMCID: PMC2977978 DOI: 10.1038/ng.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Accepted: 08/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Discovering the molecular basis of mitochondrial respiratory chain disease is challenging given the large number of both mitochondrial and nuclear genes that are involved. We report a strategy of focused candidate gene prediction, high-throughput sequencing and experimental validation to uncover the molecular basis of mitochondrial complex I disorders. We created seven pools of DNA from a cohort of 103 cases and 42 healthy controls and then performed deep sequencing of 103 candidate genes to identify 151 rare variants that were predicted to affect protein function. We established genetic diagnoses in 13 of 60 previously unsolved cases using confirmatory experiments, including cDNA complementation to show that mutations in NUBPL and FOXRED1 can cause complex I deficiency. Our study illustrates how large-scale sequencing, coupled with functional prediction and experimental validation, can be used to identify causal mutations in individual cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Calvo
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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26
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Teslovich TM, Musunuru K, Smith AV, Edmondson AC, Stylianou IM, Koseki M, Pirruccello JP, Ripatti S, Chasman DI, Willer CJ, Johansen CT, Fouchier SW, Isaacs A, Peloso GM, Barbalic M, Ricketts SL, Bis JC, Aulchenko YS, Thorleifsson G, Feitosa MF, Chambers J, Orho-Melander M, Melander O, Johnson T, Li X, Guo X, Li M, Cho YS, Go MJ, Kim YJ, Lee JY, Park T, Kim K, Sim X, Ong RTH, Croteau-Chonka DC, Lange LA, Smith JD, Song K, Zhao JH, Yuan X, Luan J, Lamina C, Ziegler A, Zhang W, Zee RY, Wright AF, Witteman JC, Wilson JF, Willemsen G, Wichmann HE, Whitfield JB, Waterworth DM, Wareham NJ, Waeber G, Vollenweider P, Voight BF, Vitart V, Uitterlinden AG, Uda M, Tuomilehto J, Thompson JR, Tanaka T, Surakka I, Stringham HM, Spector TD, Soranzo N, Smit JH, Sinisalo J, Silander K, Sijbrands EJ, Scuteri A, Scott J, Schlessinger D, Sanna S, Salomaa V, Saharinen J, Sabatti C, Ruokonen A, Rudan I, Rose LM, Roberts R, Rieder M, Psaty BM, Pramstaller PP, Pichler I, Perola M, Penninx BW, Pedersen NL, Pattaro C, Parker AN, Pare G, Oostra BA, O'Donnell CJ, Nieminen MS, Nickerson DA, Montgomery GW, Meitinger T, McPherson R, McCarthy MI, McArdle W, Masson D, Martin NG, Marroni F, Mangino M, Magnusson PK, Lucas G, Luben R, Loos RJF, Lokki M, Lettre G, Langenberg C, Launer LJ, Lakatta EG, Laaksonen R, Kyvik KO, Kronenberg F, König IR, Khaw KT, Kaprio J, Kaplan LM, Johansson Å, Jarvelin MR, Janssens ACJ, Ingelsson E, Igl W, Hovingh GK, Hottenga JJ, Hofman A, Hicks AA, Hengstenberg C, Heid IM, Hayward C, Havulinna AS, Hastie ND, Harris TB, Haritunians T, Hall AS, Gyllensten U, Guiducci C, Groop LC, Gonzalez E, Gieger C, Freimer NB, Ferrucci L, Erdmann J, Elliott P, Ejebe KG, Döring A, Dominiczak AF, Demissie S, Deloukas P, de Geus EJ, de Faire U, Crawford G, Collins FS, Chen YDI, Caulfield MJ, Campbell H, Burtt NP, Bonnycastle LL, Boomsma DI, Boekholdt SM, Bergman RN, Barroso I, Bandinelli S, Ballantyne CM, Assimes TL, Quertermous T, Altshuler D, Seielstad M, Wong TY, Tai ES, Feranil AB, Kuzawa CW, Adair LS, Taylor HA, Borecki IB, Gabriel SB, Wilson JG, Stefansson K, Thorsteinsdottir U, Gudnason V, Krauss RM, Mohlke KL, Ordovas JM, Munroe PB, Kooner JS, Tall AR, Hegele RA, Kastelein JJ, Schadt EE, Rotter JI, Boerwinkle E, Strachan DP, Mooser V, Holm H, Reilly MP, Samani NJ, Schunkert H, Cupples LA, Sandhu MS, Ridker PM, Rader DJ, van Duijn CM, Peltonen L, Abecasis GR, Boehnke M, Kathiresan S. Biological, clinical and population relevance of 95 loci for blood lipids. Nature 2010; 466:707-13. [PMID: 20686565 PMCID: PMC3039276 DOI: 10.1038/nature09270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2737] [Impact Index Per Article: 195.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2010] [Accepted: 06/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides are among the most important risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) and are targets for therapeutic intervention. We screened the genome for common variants associated with plasma lipids in >100,000 individuals of European ancestry. Here we report 95 significantly associated loci (P < 5 x 10(-8)), with 59 showing genome-wide significant association with lipid traits for the first time. The newly reported associations include single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near known lipid regulators (for example, CYP7A1, NPC1L1 and SCARB1) as well as in scores of loci not previously implicated in lipoprotein metabolism. The 95 loci contribute not only to normal variation in lipid traits but also to extreme lipid phenotypes and have an impact on lipid traits in three non-European populations (East Asians, South Asians and African Americans). Our results identify several novel loci associated with plasma lipids that are also associated with CAD. Finally, we validated three of the novel genes-GALNT2, PPP1R3B and TTC39B-with experiments in mouse models. Taken together, our findings provide the foundation to develop a broader biological understanding of lipoprotein metabolism and to identify new therapeutic opportunities for the prevention of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya M. Teslovich
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Kiran Musunuru
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Albert V. Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Heart Preventive Clinic and Research Institute, Kopavogur, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Andrew C. Edmondson
- Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Ioannis M. Stylianou
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Masahiro Koseki
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - James P. Pirruccello
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 104, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Daniel I. Chasman
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Cristen J. Willer
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | | | - Sigrid W. Fouchier
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre at the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aaron Isaacs
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gina M. Peloso
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
| | - Maja Barbalic
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Sally L. Ricketts
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Yurii S. Aulchenko
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mary F. Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics in the Center for Genome Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
| | - John Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | | | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Toby Johnson
- Clinical Pharmacology and Barts and the London Genome Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mingyao Li
- Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Yoon Shin Cho
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Jin Go
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Young Lee
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taesung Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Statistics, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyunga Kim
- Department of Statistics, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Xueling Sim
- Centre for Molecular Epidemiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Leslie A. Lange
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Joshua D. Smith
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Kijoung Song
- Genetics Division, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xin Yuan
- Genetics Division, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claudia Lamina
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Schoepfstrasse 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Andreas Ziegler
- Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Robert Y.L. Zee
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Alan F. Wright
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jacqueline C.M. Witteman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA) and Center of Medical Systems Biology (CMSB), The Netherlands
| | - James F. Wilson
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - John B. Whitfield
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, PO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - Dawn M. Waterworth
- Genetics Division, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gérard Waeber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin F. Voight
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Veronique Vitart
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andre G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA) and Center of Medical Systems Biology (CMSB), The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manuela Uda
- Istituto di Neurogenetica e Neurofarmacologia (INN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - John R. Thompson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21225, USA
- Medstar Research Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ida Surakka
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 104, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heather M. Stringham
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Tim D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Johannes H. Smit
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Juha Sinisalo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital (HUCH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisa Silander
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 104, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eric J.G. Sijbrands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Angelo Scuteri
- Unita Operativa Geriatria, Istituto Nazionale Ricovero e Cura Anziani (INRCA), Istituto Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Via Cassia 1167, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - James Scott
- Hammersmith Hospital, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - David Schlessinger
- Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, 5600 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Serena Sanna
- Istituto di Neurogenetica e Neurofarmacologia (INN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 104, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Saharinen
- FIMM, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Finland, Biomedicum, P.O. Box 104, 00251 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Chiara Sabatti
- Department of Human Genetics, UCLA School of Medicine, University of California, 695 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Aimo Ruokonen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lynda M. Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Robert Roberts
- The John & Jennifer Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mark Rieder
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Peter P. Pramstaller
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Viale Druso 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy – affiliated institute of the University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Irene Pichler
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Viale Druso 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy – affiliated institute of the University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Markus Perola
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 104, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Brenda W.J.H. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nancy L. Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Viale Druso 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy – affiliated institute of the University of Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Guillaume Pare
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N3Z5, Canada
| | - Ben A. Oostra
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher J. O'Donnell
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
| | - Markku S. Nieminen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital (HUCH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Deborah A. Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Grant W. Montgomery
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, PO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institut fur Humangenetik, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Deutsches Forschungszentrum fur Umwelt und Gesundheit, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Muenchen, Germany
| | - Ruth McPherson
- The John & Jennifer Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Wendy McArdle
- Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - David Masson
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Nicholas G. Martin
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, PO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - Fabio Marroni
- Institute of Applied Genomics, via Linussio 51, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Patrik K.E. Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Gavin Lucas
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, Institut Municipal d'Investigacio Medica, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert Luben
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ruth J. F. Loos
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maisa Lokki
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Montreal Heart Institute (Research Center), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lenore J. Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute of Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Edward G. Lakatta
- Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, 5600 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Science Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kirsten O. Kyvik
- Institute of Regional Health Research and the Danish Twin Registry, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 9B, DK-5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Schoepfstrasse 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Inke R. König
- Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 104, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, P.O. Box 41, FIN-00014, Finland
| | - Lee M. Kaplan
- Massachusetts General Hospital Weight Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Åsa Johansson
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Public Health Science and General Practice, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - A. Cecile J.W. Janssens
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Wilmar Igl
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - G. Kees Hovingh
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre at the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA) and Center of Medical Systems Biology (CMSB), The Netherlands
| | - Andrew A. Hicks
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Viale Druso 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy – affiliated institute of the University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Iris M. Heid
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Regensburg University Medical Center Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Aki S. Havulinna
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Computational Science, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland
| | - Nicholas D. Hastie
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute of Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Talin Haritunians
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alistair S. Hall
- LIGHT Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Leif C. Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00029, Finland
| | | | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nelson B. Freimer
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, The Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21225, USA
| | | | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
- MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | | | - Angela Döring
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen – German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anna F. Dominiczak
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Serkalem Demissie
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
| | | | - Eco J.C. de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Francis S. Collins
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Yii-der I. Chen
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mark J. Caulfield
- Clinical Pharmacology and Barts and the London Genome Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Noel P. Burtt
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Lori L. Bonnycastle
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Dorret I. Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S. Matthijs Boekholdt
- Departments of Vascular Medicine & Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard N. Bergman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - Inês Barroso
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Themistocles L. Assimes
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - David Altshuler
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | | | - Tien Y. Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - E-Shyong Tai
- Departments of Medicine/Epidemiology and Public Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alan B. Feranil
- Office of Population Studies Foundation, University of San Carlos, Cebu City 6000, Philippines
| | | | - Linda S. Adair
- Department of Nutrition, Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27516, USA
| | - Herman A. Taylor
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Ingrid B. Borecki
- Division of Statistical Genomics in the Center for Genome Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
| | | | - James G. Wilson
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | | | | | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Heart Preventive Clinic and Research Institute, Kopavogur, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ronald M. Krauss
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California 94609, USA
| | - Karen L. Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Jose M. Ordovas
- Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain, and Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA
| | - Patricia B. Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology and Barts and The London Genome Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jaspal S. Kooner
- Hammersmith Hospital, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Alan R. Tall
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Robert A. Hegele
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5K8, Canada
| | - John J.P. Kastelein
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre at the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - David P. Strachan
- Division of Community Health Sciences, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Vincent Mooser
- Genetics Division, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Muredach P. Reilly
- Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- FIMM, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Finland, Biomedicum, P.O. Box 104, 00251 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK; Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
| | | | - L. Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702, USA
| | - Manjinder S. Sandhu
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Daniel J. Rader
- Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA) and Center of Medical Systems Biology (CMSB), The Netherlands
| | - Leena Peltonen
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 104, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gonçalo R. Abecasis
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
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Sandino J, Crawford G, Fillmore L, Kinnear D. Energy Efficiency in Wastewater Treatment in North America: A WERF Compendium of Best Practices and Case Studies of Novel Approaches. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.2175/193864710798181854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hallowell N, Cooke S, Crawford G, Lucassen A, Parker M, Snowdon C. An investigation of patients' motivations for their participation in genetics-related research. J Med Ethics 2010; 36:37-45. [PMID: 20026692 DOI: 10.1136/jme.2009.029264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
DESIGN Qualitative interview study. PARTICIPANTS Fifty-nine patients with a family history of cancer who attend a regional cancer genetics clinic in the UK were interviewed about their current and previous research experiences. FINDINGS Interviewees gave a range of explanations for research participation. These were categorised as (a) social--research participation benefits the wider society by progressing science and improving treatment for everyone; (b) familial--research participation may improve healthcare and benefit current or future generations of the participant's family; and (c) personal--research participation provides therapeutic or non-therapeutic benefits for oneself. CONCLUSIONS We discuss the distinction drawn between motives for research participation focused upon self (personal) and others (familial/social), and observe that personal, social and familial motives can be seen as interdependent. For example, research participation that is undertaken to benefit others, particularly relatives, may also offer a number of personal benefits for self, such as enabling participants to feel that they have discharged their social or familial obligations. We argue for the need to move away from simple, static, individualised notions of research participation to a more complex, dynamic and inherently social account.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hallowell
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG.
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29
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Lindgren CM, Heid IM, Randall JC, Lamina C, Steinthorsdottir V, Qi L, Speliotes EK, Thorleifsson G, Willer CJ, Herrera BM, Jackson AU, Lim N, Scheet P, Soranzo N, Amin N, Aulchenko YS, Chambers JC, Drong A, Luan J, Lyon HN, Rivadeneira F, Sanna S, Timpson NJ, Zillikens MC, Zhao JH, Almgren P, Bandinelli S, Bennett AJ, Bergman RN, Bonnycastle LL, Bumpstead SJ, Chanock SJ, Cherkas L, Chines P, Coin L, Cooper C, Crawford G, Doering A, Dominiczak A, Doney ASF, Ebrahim S, Elliott P, Erdos MR, Estrada K, Ferrucci L, Fischer G, Forouhi NG, Gieger C, Grallert H, Groves CJ, Grundy S, Guiducci C, Hadley D, Hamsten A, Havulinna AS, Hofman A, Holle R, Holloway JW, Illig T, Isomaa B, Jacobs LC, Jameson K, Jousilahti P, Karpe F, Kuusisto J, Laitinen J, Lathrop GM, Lawlor DA, Mangino M, McArdle WL, Meitinger T, Morken MA, Morris AP, Munroe P, Narisu N, Nordström A, Nordström P, Oostra BA, Palmer CNA, Payne F, Peden JF, Prokopenko I, Renström F, Ruokonen A, Salomaa V, Sandhu MS, Scott LJ, Scuteri A, Silander K, Song K, Yuan X, Stringham HM, Swift AJ, Tuomi T, Uda M, Vollenweider P, Waeber G, Wallace C, Walters GB, Weedon MN, Witteman JCM, Zhang C, Zhang W, Caulfield MJ, Collins FS, Davey Smith G, Day INM, Franks PW, Hattersley AT, Hu FB, Jarvelin MR, Kong A, Kooner JS, Laakso M, Lakatta E, Mooser V, Morris AD, Peltonen L, Samani NJ, Spector TD, Strachan DP, Tanaka T, Tuomilehto J, Uitterlinden AG, van Duijn CM, Wareham NJ, Watkins for the PROCARDIS consortia H, Waterworth DM, Boehnke M, Deloukas P, Groop L, Hunter DJ, Thorsteinsdottir U, Schlessinger D, Wichmann HE, Frayling TM, Abecasis GR, Hirschhorn JN, Loos RJF, Stefansson K, Mohlke KL, Barroso I, McCarthy for the GIANT consortium MI. Genome-wide association scan meta-analysis identifies three Loci influencing adiposity and fat distribution. PLoS Genet 2009; 5:e1000508. [PMID: 19557161 PMCID: PMC2695778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 396] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify genetic loci influencing central obesity and fat distribution, we performed a meta-analysis of 16 genome-wide association studies (GWAS, N = 38,580) informative for adult waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR). We selected 26 SNPs for follow-up, for which the evidence of association with measures of central adiposity (WC and/or WHR) was strong and disproportionate to that for overall adiposity or height. Follow-up studies in a maximum of 70,689 individuals identified two loci strongly associated with measures of central adiposity; these map near TFAP2B (WC, P = 1.9x10(-11)) and MSRA (WC, P = 8.9x10(-9)). A third locus, near LYPLAL1, was associated with WHR in women only (P = 2.6x10(-8)). The variants near TFAP2B appear to influence central adiposity through an effect on overall obesity/fat-mass, whereas LYPLAL1 displays a strong female-only association with fat distribution. By focusing on anthropometric measures of central obesity and fat distribution, we have identified three loci implicated in the regulation of human adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia M. Lindgren
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, , Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Iris M. Heid
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Joshua C. Randall
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, , Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Lamina
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Lu Qi
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth K. Speliotes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Metabolism Initiative and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - Cristen J. Willer
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Blanca M. Herrera
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, , Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anne U. Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Noha Lim
- Medical Genetics, Clinical Pharmacology and Discovery Medicine, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Paul Scheet
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yurii S. Aulchenko
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John C. Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Drong
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, , Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Helen N. Lyon
- Metabolism Initiative and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology, Program in Genomics, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Serena Sanna
- Istituto di Neurogenetica e Neurofarmacologia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Nicholas J. Timpson
- The MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - M. Carola Zillikens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Almgren
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes, and Endocrinology Research Unit, University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Amanda J. Bennett
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Richard N. Bergman
- Physiology and Biophysics, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Lori L. Bonnycastle
- National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Stephen J. Chanock
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lynn Cherkas
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Chines
- National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lachlan Coin
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Epidemiology Resource Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel Crawford
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Angela Doering
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anna Dominiczak
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Alex S. F. Doney
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Medicine and Therapeutics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Shah Ebrahim
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael R. Erdos
- National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Karol Estrada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Guido Fischer
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nita G. Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Harald Grallert
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christopher J. Groves
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Scott Grundy
- Centre for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Candace Guiducci
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David Hadley
- Division of Community Health Sciences, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rolf Holle
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - John W. Holloway
- MRC Epidemiology Resource Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Division of Human Genetics, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Illig
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bo Isomaa
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Malmska Municipal Health Center and Hospital, Jakobstad, Finland
| | - Leonie C. Jacobs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Jameson
- MRC Epidemiology Resource Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Debbie A. Lawlor
- The MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy L. McArdle
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mario A. Morken
- National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Andrew P. Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, , Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Munroe
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Narisu Narisu
- National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anna Nordström
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Section for Sports Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Section of Geriatrics, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Peter Nordström
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Section for Sports Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Section of Geriatrics, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ben A. Oostra
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Colin N. A. Palmer
- Population Pharmacogenetics Group, Biomedical Research Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Felicity Payne
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - John F. Peden
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, , Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, , Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Frida Renström
- Genetic Epidemiology and Clinical Research Group, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Aimo Ruokonen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Manjinder S. Sandhu
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Laura J. Scott
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Angelo Scuteri
- Unita' Operativa Geriatrica, Instituto Nazionale Ricovero e Cura per Anziani (INRCA) IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Kaisa Silander
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kijoung Song
- Medical Genetics, Clinical Pharmacology and Discovery Medicine, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Xin Yuan
- Medical Genetics, Clinical Pharmacology and Discovery Medicine, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Heather M. Stringham
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Amy J. Swift
- National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program of Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Manuela Uda
- Istituto di Neurogenetica e Neurofarmacologia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Medicine and Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gerard Waeber
- Department of Medicine and Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chris Wallace
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Michael N. Weedon
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Cuilin Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Ealing Hospital, Ealing Hospital National Health Service Trust, Southall, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J. Caulfield
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francis S. Collins
- National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - George Davey Smith
- The MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Ian N. M. Day
- Bristol Genetic Epidemiology Laboratories, Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Paul W. Franks
- Genetic Epidemiology and Clinical Research Group, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Nutritional Research (Umeå Medical Biobank), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Andrew T. Hattersley
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, National Public Health Institute, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Jaspal S. Kooner
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Edward Lakatta
- Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of Ameica
| | - Vincent Mooser
- Medical Genetics, Clinical Pharmacology and Discovery Medicine, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Andrew D. Morris
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Medicine and Therapeutics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Leena Peltonen
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Nilesh J. Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David P. Strachan
- Division of Community Health Sciences, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Medstar Research Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nicholas J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hugh Watkins for the PROCARDIS consortia
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, , Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Dawn M. Waterworth
- Medical Genetics, Clinical Pharmacology and Discovery Medicine, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Panos Deloukas
- Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes, and Endocrinology Research Unit, University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - David J. Hunter
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - David Schlessinger
- Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of Ameica
| | - H.-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Timothy M. Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Gonçalo R. Abecasis
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Joel N. Hirschhorn
- Metabolism Initiative and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology, Program in Genomics, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ruth J. F. Loos
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Karen L. Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Inês Barroso
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark I. McCarthy for the GIANT consortium
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, , Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Nolan L, Eccles D, Cross E, Crawford G, Beck N, Bateman A, Ottensmeier C. First case report of Muir–Torre syndrome associated with non-small cell lung cancer. Fam Cancer 2009; 8:359-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s10689-009-9247-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2009] [Accepted: 04/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hallowell N, Cooke S, Crawford G, Parker M, Lucassen A. Healthcare professionals' and researchers' understanding of cancer genetics activities: a qualitative interview study. J Med Ethics 2009; 35:113-119. [PMID: 19181885 DOI: 10.1136/jme.2008.024224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To describe individuals' perceptions of the activities that take place within the cancer genetics clinic, the relationships between these activities and how these relationships are sustained. DESIGN Qualitative interview study. PARTICIPANTS Forty individuals involved in carrying out cancer genetics research in either a clinical (n = 28) or research-only (n = 12) capacity in the UK. FINDINGS Interviewees perceive research and clinical practice in the subspecialty of cancer genetics as interdependent. The boundary between research and clinical practice is described as vague or blurred, and this ambiguity is regarded as being sustained by a range of methodological, ethical and economic factors. The implications of these findings for the "therapeutic misconception" are explored. It is argued that while research participation is seen as having therapeutic benefit for individual patients, the interviewees are not labouring under any misconceptions about the relationship between research and clinical care. It is suggested that concepts such as the "therapeutic misconception" may have less relevance in highly technological specialities that are characterised by a developing evidence base.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hallowell
- Public Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, UK.
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Kathiresan S, Willer CJ, Peloso GM, Demissie S, Musunuru K, Schadt EE, Kaplan L, Bennett D, Li Y, Tanaka T, Voight BF, Bonnycastle LL, Jackson AU, Crawford G, Surti A, Guiducci C, Burtt NP, Parish S, Clarke R, Zelenika D, Kubalanza KA, Morken MA, Scott LJ, Stringham HM, Galan P, Swift AJ, Kuusisto J, Bergman RN, Sundvall J, Laakso M, Ferrucci L, Scheet P, Sanna S, Uda M, Yang Q, Lunetta KL, Dupuis J, de Bakker PIW, O'Donnell CJ, Chambers JC, Kooner JS, Hercberg S, Meneton P, Lakatta EG, Scuteri A, Schlessinger D, Tuomilehto J, Collins FS, Groop L, Altshuler D, Collins R, Lathrop GM, Melander O, Salomaa V, Peltonen L, Orho-Melander M, Ordovas JM, Boehnke M, Abecasis GR, Mohlke KL, Cupples LA. Common variants at 30 loci contribute to polygenic dyslipidemia. Nat Genet 2008; 41:56-65. [PMID: 19060906 DOI: 10.1038/ng.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1077] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2008] [Accepted: 10/28/2008] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglyceride levels are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. To dissect the polygenic basis of these traits, we conducted genome-wide association screens in 19,840 individuals and replication in up to 20,623 individuals. We identified 30 distinct loci associated with lipoprotein concentrations (each with P < 5 x 10(-8)), including 11 loci that reached genome-wide significance for the first time. The 11 newly defined loci include common variants associated with LDL cholesterol near ABCG8, MAFB, HNF1A and TIMD4; with HDL cholesterol near ANGPTL4, FADS1-FADS2-FADS3, HNF4A, LCAT, PLTP and TTC39B; and with triglycerides near AMAC1L2, FADS1-FADS2-FADS3 and PLTP. The proportion of individuals exceeding clinical cut points for high LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol and high triglycerides varied according to an allelic dosage score (P < 10(-15) for each trend). These results suggest that the cumulative effect of multiple common variants contributes to polygenic dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sekar Kathiresan
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
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Duffy S, McMurdy J, Kollet M, Jay G, Crawford G. Using Spectroscopy to Assess the Ages of Bruises. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Racht J, McMurdy J, Mathews Z, Hughes A, Crawford G, Jay G, Suner S. Noninvasive Measurement of Hemoglobin Concentration in Emergency Department Patients using Fiber Optic Spectral Analysis of the Tarsal Plate. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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35
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Kent C, Crawford G, Selkirk M, Williams C. What are users views as regards the acceptability and usefulness of overcoming depression cdrom. Eur Psychiatry 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.01.780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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36
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Gee S, Baldwin R, Borthwick A, Ciric D, Crawford G, Hackett L, Homfray D, Martin D, Milnes J, Mutters T, Simmonds M, Smith R, Stephen R, Stevenson P, Surrey E, Waldon C, Warder S, Whitehead A, Young D. MAST neutral beam long pulse upgrade. Fusion Engineering and Design 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2005.06.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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37
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Abe K, Abe K, Abe T, Adam I, Akimoto H, Aston D, Baird KG, Baltay C, Band HR, Barklow TL, Bauer JM, Bellodi G, Berger R, Blaylock G, Bogart JR, Bower GR, Brau JE, Breidenbach M, Bugg WM, Burke D, Burnett TH, Burrows PN, Calcaterra A, Cassell R, Chou A, Cohn HO, Coller JA, Convery MR, Cook V, Cowan RF, Crawford G, Damerell CJS, Daoudi M, Dasu S, de Groot N, de Sangro R, Dong DN, Doser M, Dubois R, Erofeeva I, Eschenburg V, Etzion E, Fahey S, Falciai D, Fernandez JP, Flood K, Frey R, Hart EL, Hasuko K, Hertzbach SS, Huffer ME, Huynh X, Iwasaki M, Jackson DJ, Jacques P, Jaros JA, Jiang ZY, Johnson AS, Johnson JR, Kajikawa R, Kalelkar M, Kang HJ, Kofler RR, Kroeger RS, Langston M, Leith DWG, Lia V, Lin C, Mancinelli G, Manly S, Mantovani G, Markiewicz TW, Maruyama T, McKemey AK, Messner R, Moffeit KC, Moore TB, Morii M, Muller D, Murzin V, Narita S, Nauenberg U, Neal H, Nesom G, Oishi N, Onoprienko D, Osborne LS, Panvini RS, Park CH, Peruzzi I, Piccolo M, Piemontese L, Plano RJ, Prepost R, Prescott CY, Ratcliff BN, Reidy J, Reinertsen PL, Rochester LS, Rowson PC, Russell JJ, Saxton OH, Schalk T, Schumm BA, Schwiening J, Serbo VV, Shapiro G, Sinev NB, Snyder JA, Staengle H, Stahl A, Stamer P, Steiner H, Su D, Suekane F, Sugiyama A, Suzuki A, Swartz M, Taylor FE, Thom J, Torrence E, Usher T, Va'vra J, Verdier R, Wagner DL, Waite AP, Walston S, Weidemann AW, Weiss ER, Whitaker JS, Williams SH, Willocq S, Wilson RJ, Wisniewski WJ, Wittlin JL, Woods M, Wright TR, Yamamoto RK, Yashima J, Yellin SJ, Young CC, Yuta H. Direct measurements of Ab and Ac using vertex and kaon charge tags at the SLAC detector. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:091801. [PMID: 15783953 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.091801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Exploiting the manipulation of the SLAC Linear Collider electron-beam polarization, we present precise direct measurements of the parity-violation parameters A(c) and A(b) in the Z-boson-c-quark and Z-boson-b-quark coupling. Quark-antiquark discrimination is accomplished via a unique algorithm that takes advantage of the precise SLAC Large Detector charge coupled device vertex detector, employing the net charge of displaced vertices as well as the charge of kaons that emanate from those vertices. From the 1996-1998 sample of 400 000 Z decays, produced with an average beam polarization of 73.4%, we find A(c)=0.673+/-0.029(stat)+/-0.023(syst) and A(b)=0.919+/-0.018(stat)+/-0.017(syst).
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Affiliation(s)
- Koya Abe
- Tohoku University, Sendai, 980 Japan
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Whitfield A, Crawford G, Robertson K, Barrett P, Hegele R, Tran K, Yao Z, van Bockxmeer F, Burnett J. W13.340 A novel non-truncating APOB gene mutation, L343V, causes familial hypobetalipoproteinaemia. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(04)90339-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Crawford G, Wats G, Robertson K, Burnett J, van Bockxmeer F. W13.321 Compound heterozygosity for a known (G188E) and novel (W394X) LPL gene mutation causing familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(04)90320-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abe K, Abe K, Abe T, Adam I, Akimoto H, Aston D, Baird KG, Baltay C, Band HR, Barklow TL, Bauer JM, Bellodi G, Berger R, Blaylock G, Bogart JR, Bower GR, Brau JE, Breidenbach M, Bugg WM, Burke D, Burnett TH, Burrows PN, Calcaterra A, Cassell R, Chou A, Cohn HO, Coller JA, Convery MR, Cook V, Cowan RF, Crawford G, Damerell CJS, Daoudi M, de Groot N, de Sangro R, Dong DN, Doser M, Dubois R, Erofeeva I, Eschenburg V, Fahey S, Falciai D, Fernandez JP, Flood K, Frey R, Hart EL, Hasuko K, Hertzbach SS, Huffer ME, Huynh X, Iwasaki M, Jackson DJ, Jacques P, Jaros JA, Jiang ZY, Johnson AS, Johnson JR, Kajikawa R, Kalelkar M, Kang HJ, Kofler RR, Kroeger RS, Langston M, Leith DWG, Lia V, Lin C, Mancinelli G, Manly S, Mantovani G, Markiewicz TW, Maruyama T, McKemey AK, Messner R, Moffeit KC, Moore TB, Morii M, Muller D, Murzin V, Narita S, Nauenberg U, Neal H, Nesom G, Oishi N, Onoprienko D, Osborne LS, Panvini RS, Park CH, Peruzzi I, Piccolo M, Piemontese L, Plano RJ, Prepost R, Prescott CY, Ratcliff BN, Reidy J, Reinertsen PL, Rochester LS, Rowson PC, Russell JJ, Saxton OH, Schalk T, Schumm BA, Schwiening J, Serbo VV, Shapiro G, Sinev NB, Snyder JA, Staengle H, Stahl A, Stamer P, Steiner H, Su D, Suekane F, Sugiyama A, Suzuki S, Swartz M, Taylor FE, Thom J, Torrence E, Usher T, Va'vra J, Verdier R, Wagner DL, Waite AP, Walston S, Weidemann AW, Weiss ER, Whitaker JS, Williams SH, Willocq S, Wilson RJ, Wisniewski WJ, Wittlin JL, Woods M, Wright TR, Yamamoto RK, Yashima J, Yellin SJ, Young CC, Yuta H. Improved direct measurement of the parity-violation parameter Ab using a mass tag and momentum-weighted track charge. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 90:141804. [PMID: 12731908 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.141804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We present an improved direct measurement of the parity-violation parameter A(b) in the Z boson-b-quark coupling using a self-calibrating track-charge technique applied to a sample enriched in Z-->bb events via the topological reconstruction of the B hadron mass. Manipulation of the Stanford Linear Collider electron-beam polarization permits the measurement of A(b) to be made independently of other Z-pole coupling parameters. From the 1996-1998 sample of 400,000 hadronic Z decays, produced with an average beam polarization of 73.4%, we find A(b)=0.906+/-0.022(stat)+/-0.023(syst).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Abe
- Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464 Japan
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Haws J, Crawford G. Navajo Nation expands family planning services. AVSC News 2002; 34:3, 6. [PMID: 12347635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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42
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Abe K, Abe K, Abe T, Adam I, Akimoto H, Aston D, Baird KG, Baltay C, Band HR, Barklow TL, Bauer JM, Bellodi G, Berger R, Blaylock G, Bogart JR, Bower GR, Brau JE, Breidenbach M, Bugg WM, Burke D, Burnett TH, Burrows PN, Calcaterra A, Cassell R, Chou A, Cohn HO, Coller JA, Convery MR, Cook V, Cowan RF, Crawford G, Damerell CJS, Daoudi M, de Groot N, de Sangro R, Dong DN, Doser M, Dubois R, Erofeeva I, Eschenburg V, Fahey S, Falciai D, Fernandez JP, Flood K, Frey R, Hart EL, Hasuko K, Hertzbach SS, Huffer ME, Huynh X, Iwasaki M, Jackson DJ, Jacques P, Jaros JA, Jiang ZY, Johnson AS, Johnson JR, Kajikawa R, Kalelkar M, Kang HJ, Kofler RR, Kroeger RS, Langston M, Leith DWG, Lia V, Lin C, Mancinelli G, Manly S, Mantovani G, Markiewicz TW, Maruyama T, McKemey AK, Messner R, Moffeit KC, Moore TB, Morii M, Muller D, Murzin V, Narita S, Nauenberg U, Neal H, Nesom G, Oishi N, Onoprienko D, Osborne LS, Panvini RS, Park CH, Peruzzi I, Piccolo M, Piemontese L, Plano RJ, Prepost R, Prescott CY, Ratcliff BN, Reidy J, Reinertsen PL, Rochester LS, Rowson PC, Russell JJ, Saxton OH, Schalk T, Schumm BA, Schwiening J, Serbo VV, Shapiro G, Sinev NB, Snyder JA, Staengle H, Stahl A, Stamer P, Steiner H, Su D, Suekane F, Sugiyama A, Suzuki S, Swartz M, Taylor FE, Thom J, Torrence E, Usher T, Va'vra J, Verdier R, Wagner DL, Waite AP, Walston S, Weidemann AW, Weiss ER, Whitaker JS, Williams SH, Willocq S, Wilson RJ, Wisniewski WJ, Wittlin JL, Woods M, Wright TR, Yamamoto RK, Yashima J, Yellin SJ, Young CC, Yuta H. Improved direct measurement of A(b) and A(c) at the Z(0) pole using a lepton tag. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 88:151801. [PMID: 11955189 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.151801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The parity violation parameters A(b) and A(c) of the Zb(b) and Zc(c) couplings have been measured directly, using the polar angle dependence of the polarized cross sections at the Z(0) pole. Bottom and charmed hadrons were tagged via their semileptonic decays. Both the electron and muon analyses take advantage of new multivariate techniques to increase the analyzing power. Based on the 1993-1998 SLD sample of 550,000 Z(0) decays produced with highly polarized electron beams, we measure A(b) = 0.919+/-0.030(stat)+/-0.024(syst), and A(c) = 0.583+/-0.055(stat)+/-0.055(syst).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Abe
- Nagoya University Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464 Japan
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Abstract
The elastic moduli of fine wires made from MP35N and 304SS used in implantable biomedical devices are assumed to be the same as those published in the literature. However, the cold working required to manufacture the wire significantly alters the elastic moduli of the material. We describe three experiments performed on fine wire made from MP35N and 304SS. The experimentally determined Young's and shear modulus of both wire types were significantly less than the moduli reported in the literature. Young's modulus differed by as much as 26%, and the shear modulus differed by as much as 14% from reported values.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Fallen
- Physics Department, Fort Lewis College, Durango, Colorado 81301, USA
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Cady R, Crawford G, Ahrens S, Hairwassers D, Getson A, Visser WH, Lines C. Long-term efficacy and tolerability of rizatriptan wafers in migraine. MedGenMed 2001; 3:1. [PMID: 11549974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Rizatriptan is a selective 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist for the acute treatment of migraine. It is available in a unique wafer formulation that dissolves rapidly in the mouth and can be taken without liquids, thereby offering patients a very convenient way to take treatment. OBJECTIVE To investigate the long-term efficacy of rizatriptan 10-mg and 5-mg wafers in migraineurs. SETTING 19 headache clinics in 5 countries. PATIENTS 458 patients diagnosed with migraine according to International Headache Society criteria. DESIGN 6-month, open-label, extension, which followed a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments for moderate or severe migraines: rizatriptan 10-mg wafer, rizatriptan 5-mg wafer, or "standard care" (usual migraine treatment -- eg, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs], analgesics, other triptans). Patients randomized to rizatriptan were blinded to the dose. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Headache severity (none, mild, moderate, severe) and adverse events were recorded on a diary card. RESULTS 181 patients treated 3393 attacks with rizatriptan 10-mg wafer, 191 treated 3254 attacks with rizatriptan 5-mg wafer, and 86 treated 1582 attacks with standard care. The median number of treated attacks per patient was 16 for rizatriptan 10-mg wafer, 13 for rizatriptan 5-mg wafer, and 14 for standard care. The median patient on rizatriptan 10-mg wafer reported pain relief at 2 hours (reduction of headache from moderate or severe at baseline to mild or none) in 82% of attacks, vs 73% of attacks for standard care (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.63 [1.14, 2.34], P <.01) and 72% of attacks for rizatriptan 5-mg wafer (OR [95% CI] = 1.60 [1.23, 2.08], P <.001). The median patient on rizatriptan 10-mg wafer was pain free at 2 hours in 46% of attacks, vs 30% of attacks for standard care (OR [95% CI] = 1.50 [1.06, 2.12], P <.05) and 25% of attacks for rizatriptan 5-mg wafer (OR [95% CI] = 1.93 [1.50, 2.49], P <.001). All treatments were generally well tolerated. Compared with standard care, rizatriptan 5-mg wafer was associated with fewer specific adverse events of asthenia/fatigue, back pain, nausea, pharyngeal discomfort, upper respiratory infection, and vomiting (P values <.05), and, compared with rizatriptan 10-mg wafer, fewer overall drug-related adverse events (P <.05). CONCLUSIONS Rizatriptan 10-mg wafer was more effective than standard care and rizatriptan 5-mg wafer for treating intermittent moderate or severe migraine attacks occurring over periods of up to 6 months. Rizatriptan wafers were well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cady
- Headache Care Center, Springfield, Missouri, USA
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Abe K, Abe K, Abe T, Adam I, Akimoto H, Aston D, Baird KG, Baltay C, Band HR, Barklow TL, Bauer JM, Bellodi G, Berger R, Blaylock G, Bogart JR, Bower GR, Brau JE, Breidenbach M, Bugg WM, Burke D, Burnett TH, Burrows PN, Calcaterra A, Cassell R, Chou A, Cohn HO, Coller JA, Convery MR, Cook V, Cowan RF, Crawford G, Damerell CJ, Daoudi M, de Groot N, de Sangro R, Dong DN, Doser M, Dubois R, Erofeeva I, Eschenburg V, Etzion E, Fahey S, Falciai D, Fernandez JP, Flood K, Frey R, Hart EL, Hasuko K, Hertzbach SS, Huffer ME, Huynh X, Iwasaki M, Jackson DJ, Jacques P, Jaros JA, Jiang ZY, Johnson AS, Johnson JR, Kajikawa R, Kalelkar M, Kang HJ, Kofler RR, Kroeger RS, Langston M, Leith DW, Lia V, Lin C, Mancinelli G, Manly S, Mantovani G, Markiewicz TW, Maruyama T, McKemey AK, Messner R, Moffeit KC, Moore TB, Morii M, Muller D, Murzin V, Narita S, Nauenberg U, Neal H, Nesom G, Oishi N, Onoprienko D, Osborne LS, Panvini RS, Park CH, Peruzzi I, Piccolo M, Piemontese L, Plano RJ, Prepost R, Prescott CY, Ratcliff BN, Reidy J, Reinertsen PL, Rochester LS, Rowson PC, Russell JJ, Saxton OH, Schalk T, Schumm BA, Schwiening J, Serbo VV, Shapiro G, Sinev NB, Snyder JA, Staengle H, Stahl A, Stamer P, Steiner H, Su D, Suekane F, Sugiyama A, Suzuki S, Swartz M, Taylor FE, Thom J, Torrence E, Usher T, Va'vra J, Verdier R, Wagner DL, Waite AP, Walston S, Weidemann AW, Weiss ER, Whitaker JS, Williams SH, Willocq S, Wilson RJ, Wisniewski WJ, Wittlin JL, Woods M, Wright TR, Yamamoto RK, Yashima J, Yellin SJ, Young CC, Yuta H. Improved direct measurement of leptonic coupling asymmetries with polarized Z bosons. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 86:1162-1166. [PMID: 11178034 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present final measurements of the Z boson-lepton coupling asymmetry parameters A(e), A(mu), and A(tau) with the complete sample of polarized Z bosons collected by the SLD detector at the SLAC Linear Collider. From the left-right production and decay polar angle asymmetries in leptonic Z decays we measure A(e) = 0.1544+/-0.0060, A(mu) = 0.142+/-0.015, and A(tau) = 0.136+/-0.015. Combined with our left-right asymmetry measured from hadronic decays, we find A(e) = 0.1516+/-0.0021. Assuming lepton universality, we obtain a combined effective weak mixing angle of sin (2)theta(eff)(W) = 0.230 98+/-0.000 26.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- Amori University, Aomori, 030 Japan
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Abe K, Abe K, Abe T, Adam I, Akimoto H, Aston D, Baird KG, Baltay C, Band HR, Barklow TL, Bauer JM, Bellodi G, Berger R, Blaylock G, Bogart JR, Bower GR, Brau JE, Breidenbach M, Bugg WM, Burke D, Burnett TH, Burrows PN, Calcaterra A, Cassell R, Chou A, Cohn HO, Coller JA, Convery MR, Cook V, Cowan RF, Crawford G, Damerell CJ, Daoudi M, de Groot N, de Sangro R, Dong DN, Doser M, Dubois R, Erofeeva I, Eschenburg V, Etzion E, Fahey S, Falciai D, Fernandez JP, Flood K, Frey R, Hart EL, Hasuko K, Hertzbach SS, Huffer ME, Huynh X, Iwasaki M, Jackson DJ, Jacques P, Jaros JA, Jiang ZY, Johnson AS, Johnson JR, Kajikawa R, Kalelkar M, Kang HJ, Kofler RR, Kroeger RS, Langston M, Leith DW, Lia V, Lin C, Mancinelli G, Manly S, Mantovani G, Markiewicz TW, Maruyama T, McKemey AK, Messner R, Moffeit KC, Moore TB, Morii M, Muller D, Murzin V, Narita S, Nauenberg U, Neal H, Nesom G, Oishi N, Onoprienko D, Osborne LS, Panvini RS, Park CH, Peruzzi I, Piccolo M, Piemontese L, Plano RJ, Prepost R, Prescott CY, Ratcliff BN, Reidy J, Reinertsen PL, Rochester LS, Rowson PC, Russell JJ, Saxton OH, Schalk T, Schumm BA, Schwiening J, Serbo VV, Shapiro G, Sinev NB, Snyder JA, Staengle H, Stahl A, Stamer P, Steiner H, Su D, Suekane F, Sugiyama A, Suzuki A, Swartz M, Taylor FE, Thom J, Torrence E, Usher T, Va'vra J, Verdier R, Wagner DL, Waite AP, Walston S, Weidemann AW, Weiss ER, Whitaker JS, Williams SH, Willocq S, Wilson RJ, Wisniewski WJ, Wittlin JL, Woods M, Wright TR, Yamamoto RK, Yashima J, Yellin SJ, Young CC, Yuta H. First symmetry tests in polarized Z0 decays to bbg. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 86:962-966. [PMID: 11177985 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We have made the first direct symmetry tests in the decays of polarized Z0 bosons into fully identified bbg states, collected in the SLD experiment at SLAC. We searched for evidence of parity violation at the bbg vertex by studying the asymmetries in the b-quark polar- and azimuthal-angle distributions, and for evidence of T-odd, CP-even or CP-odd, final-state interactions by measuring angular correlations between the three-jet plane and the Z0 polarization. We found results consistent with standard model expectations and set 95% C. limits on anomalous contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Raju
- Department of Medicine and Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160-7350, USA
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49
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Abe K, Abe K, Abe T, Adam I, Akimoto H, Aston D, Baird KG, Baltay C, Band HR, Barklow TL, Bauer JM, Bellodi G, Berger R, Blaylock G, Bogart JR, Bower GR, Brau JE, Breidenbach M, Bugg WM, Burke D, Burnett TH, Burrows PN, Calcaterra A, Cassell R, Chou A, Cohn HO, Coller JA, Convery MR, Cook V, Cowan RF, Crawford G, Damerell CJ, Daoudi M, Dasu S, de Groot N, de Sangro R, Dong DN, Doser M, Dubois R, Erofeeva I, Eschenburg V, Etzion E, Fahey S, Falciai D, Fernandez JP, Fero MJ, Flood K, Frey R, Hart EL. High-precision measurement of the left-right Z Boson cross-section asymmetry. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 84:5945-5949. [PMID: 10991095 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.5945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present a measurement of the left-right cross-section asymmetry ( A(LR)) for Z boson production by e(+)e(-) collisions. The measurement includes the final data taken with the SLD detector at the SLAC Linear Collider during the period 1996-1998. Using a sample of 383 487 Z decays collected during the 1996-1998 runs we measure the pole value of the asymmetry, A(0)(LR), to be 0.150 56+/-0.002 39 which is equivalent to an effective weak mixing angle of sin (2)straight theta(eff)(W) = 0.231 07+/-0.000 30. Our result for the complete 1992-1998 data set comprising approximately 537 000 Z decays is sin (2)straight theta(eff)(W) = 0.230 97+/-0.000 27.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464 Japan
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Hicks C, Crawford G, Chirila T, Wiffen S, Vijayasekaran S, Lou X, Fitton J, Maley M, Clayton A, Dalton P, Platten S, Ziegelaar B, Hong Y, Russo A, Constable I. Development and clinical assessment of an artificial cornea. Prog Retin Eye Res 2000; 19:149-70. [PMID: 10674706 DOI: 10.1016/s1350-9462(99)00013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Keratoprosthesis research has been a gradual, rather fragmentary process with advances being made by isolated groups of researchers. This has arisen partly because of poor funding in the area; research groups which have achieved commercial support have often had constraints upon the full disclosure of their findings. Despite these difficulties there has been real progress over the last decade by several independent groups. This article concentrates upon our own development of a hydrogel core-and-skirt keratoprosthesis, the Chirila KPro, in order to illustrate the scientific and clinical problems common to keratoprosthesis research. Pilot data from a clinical trial is presented and the priorities for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hicks
- Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia
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