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Durairaj V, Barber E, Veen RV. Early Detection of Histomoniasis in Blood Samples by PCR and Sequencing. Avian Dis 2024; 67:340-344. [PMID: 38300655 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-d-23-00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Histomoniasis is a deadly disease of turkeys causing devastating economic losses to the poultry industry. In field outbreaks, a presumptive diagnosis is made based on gross pathology lesions and confirmed by histopathology. An early detection tool with quick turnaround time is needed to prevent the spread of histomoniasis. With this objective, two studies were conducted in turkeys. In Study 1, 40 poults were housed in two pens (20 poults/pen) and challenged at 14 days of age with Histomonas meleagridis by intracloacal route. Blood samples were collected 4 days postchallenge. Fifty-five percent (22/40) of the blood samples tested positive for H. meleagridis based on PCR using primers targeted against the 18S rRNA gene and confirmed by sequencing. In Study 2, 40 poults were housed in two groups and raised in floor pens. Groups 1 and 2 served as negative and challenge controls, respectively. At 14 days of age, the birds in Group 2 were challenged with H. meleagridis by intracloacal route. Blood samples were collected 2 days postchallenge. Five percent (1/20) of the blood samples tested positive for H. meleagridis, based on PCR and confirmed by sequencing. The results from both studies indicate that H. meleagridis DNA can be detected in the blood samples by PCR and confirmed by sequencing as early as 4 days postchallenge. This early detection method could be applied in field outbreaks to detect and confirm histomoniasis as early as possible.
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2
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Wehmeier UF, Orth V, Höppe V, Valentino LA, Hilberg T. Neuroinflammatory markers in patients with haemophilia and healthy controls: Where are the differences? Haemophilia 2023; 29:1539-1546. [PMID: 37789740 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION People with haemophilia (PwH) suffer from haemophilic arthropathy which is accompanied by acute and chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to examine the neuroinflammatory network operative in PwH and to compare it to healthy controls. MATERIAL AND METHODS Blood samples were collected from 41 PwH (age 54.7 ± 11.7 years) and 33 healthy controls (age 50.9 ± 10.5 years) and the levels of 13 neuroinflammatory markers were analyzed by applying an antibody-based detection kit in a flow cytometer. RESULTS From 13 analyzed markers, three-ß-nerve growth factor (ß-NGF), soluble receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (sRAGE) and Interleukin-18 (IL-18) differed significantly between the groups (ß-NGF p = .045; sRAGE p = .003; IL-18 p = .007). While ß-NGF was downregulated in PwH, sRAGE and IL-18 were upregulated. None of the analyzed markers corelated to the joint status of PwH while CCL2 (C-C motif ligand 2 chemokine) correlated to HIV infections in PwH (r = .313, p = .007). Correlation analyses of the markers studied also revealed many differences between PwH and controls suggesting a number of deregulations in PwH. CONCLUSION The altered levels of sRAGE and ß-NGF in PwH, which have not been analyzed in PwH before, may help to understand the neuroinflammatory network operative in PwH. The general inflammatory processes in PwH and the involved biomarkers in PwH remain poorly understood. PwH could benefit from new therapies against neuroinflammation which may help to reduce inflammation or also chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udo F Wehmeier
- Department of Sports Medicine, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Valerie Orth
- Department of Surgery II, HELIOS University Hospital Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Vanessa Höppe
- Department of Sports Medicine, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Leonard A Valentino
- National Haemophilia Foundation, New York City, New York, USA
- Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Thomas Hilberg
- Department of Sports Medicine, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
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3
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Nigro M, Valli G, Marchionne ML, Sattarinia D, Silvestrini F, De Pietro D, Fazzini S, Roselli G, Spallino A, Praticò V, Mirante E, Castaldo E, Pugliese FR, Cicchini C, Ancona C, De Marco F, Ruggieri MP, Di Somma S. Is There a Risk of Misinterpretation of Potassium Concentration from Undetectable Hemolysis Using a POCT Blood Gas Analyzer in the Emergency Department? Medicina (Kaunas) 2022; 59:medicina59010066. [PMID: 36676689 PMCID: PMC9861078 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Hemolysis is reported to be present in up to 10% of blood gas specimens in the central lab; however, few data on the incidence of hemolysis using a point-of-care testing (POCT) blood gas analysis are available in the setting of the emergency department. The aims of this study were: (1) to analyze the prevalence of hemolysis in blood gas samples collected in the ED using a POCT device; and (2) to evaluate the impact of hemolysis on blood sample results and its clinical consequences. Materials and Methods: We collected 525 consecutive POCT arterial blood gas samples using syringes with electrolyte-balanced heparin within 3 different EDs in the metropolitan area of Rome. Immediately after the collection, the blood samples were checked for the presence of hemolysis with a POCT instrument (i.e., HEMCHECK, H-10 ®). The samples were then subsequently processed for blood gasses, and an electrolytes analysis by a second operator blinded for the hemolysis results. A venous blood sample was simultaneously collected, analyzed for it’s potassium value, and used as a reference. Results: Of the samples, 472 were considered for the statistics, while 53 were excluded due to the high percentage of hemolysis due to operator fault in carrying out the measurement. The final mean hemolysis per operator was 12% (±13% SD), and the total final hemolysis was 14.4%.Potassium (K+) was significantly higher in the hemolyzed group compared with the non-hemolyzed sample (4.60 ± 0.11 vs. 3.99 ± 0.03 mEq/L; p < 0.001), and there were differences between arterial potassium versus venous potassium (D(a-v) K+, 0.29 ± 0.06 vs.−0.19 ± 0.02 mEq/L, p < 0.01). A Bland−Altman analysis confirmed that hemolysis significantly overestimated blood potassium level. Conclusion: Almost 12% of POCT blood gas analysis samples performed in the ED could be hemolyzed, and the presence of this hemolysis is not routinely detected. This could cause an error in the interpretation of the results, leading to the consideration of potassium concentrations being below the lower limit within the normal limits and also leading to the diagnosis of false hyperkalemia, which would have potential clinical consequences in therapeutic decision-making in the ED. The routine use of a POCT hemolysis detector could help prevent any misdiagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Nigro
- Postgraduate School of Emergency Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Valli
- Emergency Department, San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Marchionne
- Postgraduate School of Emergency Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Sattarinia
- Postgraduate School of Emergency Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiana Silvestrini
- Postgraduate School of Emergency Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele De Pietro
- Postgraduate School of Emergency Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Fazzini
- Postgraduate School of Emergency Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Roselli
- Postgraduate School of Emergency Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Spallino
- Postgraduate School of Emergency Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Praticò
- Postgraduate School of Emergency Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Mirante
- Emergency Department, S. Eugenio Hospital, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Claudia Cicchini
- Emergency Department, Sandro Pertini Hospital, 00157 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Ancona
- Emergency Department, San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca De Marco
- Emergency Department, San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Ruggieri
- Emergency Department, San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Di Somma
- Postgraduate School of Emergency Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- GREAT Network Italia, 00191 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Hammoud A, Louni M, Fenollar F, Bassene H, Sambou M, Duclos N, Diatta G, Sokhna C, Levasseur A, Raoult D, Mediannikov O. Bartonella quintana transmitted by head lice: an outbreak of trench fever in Senegal. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 76:1382-1390. [PMID: 36571112 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Louse-borne trench fever caused by Bartonella quintana is a neglected public health concern, known to be transmitted from body louse faeces via scratching. No viable B. quintana have ever been isolated from head lice before; therefore, their role as a vector is still poorly understood. METHODS In Senegal, the implementation of a permanent local surveillance system in a Point-of-Care laboratory (POC) allows the monitoring of emerging diseases. Here, we used culture as well as molecular and genomic approaches to document an outbreak of trench fever associated with head lice in the village of Ndiop. Head lice and blood samples were collected from febrile patients between November 2010 and April 2015. Genomes of two isolated strains of B. quintana were sequenced and analysed. RESULTS A total of 2,289 blood samples were collected in the 2010-2015 period. From 2010-2013, B. quintana DNA was detected by PCR in 0.25% (4/1,580). In 2014, 228 blood samples were collected, along with 161 head lice from five individuals. B. quintana DNA was detected in 4·4% (10/228) of blood samples, and in lice specimens collected from febrile patients (61·7%, 50/81) and non-febrile patients (61·4%, 43/70). Two B. quintana strains were isolated from blood and head lice from two different patients. Genomic sequence analysis showed 99·98% overall similarity between both strains. CONCLUSION The presence of live B. quintana in head lice, and the genetic identity of strains from patients' blood and head lice during a localised outbreak in Senegal, supports the evidence of head lice vectorial capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alissa Hammoud
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
| | - Meriem Louni
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Fenollar
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Bassene
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,Campus International Commun UCAD-IRD of Hann, VITROME, IRD 257, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Masse Sambou
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,Campus International Commun UCAD-IRD of Hann, VITROME, IRD 257, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Nathalie Duclos
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
| | - Georges Diatta
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,Campus International Commun UCAD-IRD of Hann, VITROME, IRD 257, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Cheikh Sokhna
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,Campus International Commun UCAD-IRD of Hann, VITROME, IRD 257, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Anthony Levasseur
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
| | - Oleg Mediannikov
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
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5
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Huber F, Lang HP, Heller S, Bielicki JA, Gerber C, Meyer E, Egli A. Rapid Bacteria Detection from Patients' Blood Bypassing Classical Bacterial Culturing. Biosensors (Basel) 2022; 12:994. [PMID: 36354504 PMCID: PMC9688106 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition mostly caused by a bacterial infection resulting in inflammatory reaction and organ dysfunction if not treated effectively. Rapid identification of the causing bacterial pathogen already in the early stage of bacteremia is therefore vital. Current technologies still rely on time-consuming procedures including bacterial culturing up to 72 h. Our approach is based on ultra-rapid and highly sensitive nanomechanical sensor arrays. In measurements we observe two clearly distinguishable distributions consisting of samples with bacteria and without bacteria respectively. Compressive surface stress indicates the presence of bacteria. For this proof-of-concept, we extracted total RNA from EDTA whole blood samples from patients with blood-culture-confirmed bacteremia, which is the reference standard in diagnostics. We determined the presence or absence of bacterial RNA in the sample through 16S-rRNA hybridization and species-specific probes using nanomechanical sensor arrays. Via both probes, we identified two clinically highly-relevant bacterial species i.e., Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus down to an equivalent of 20 CFU per milliliter EDTA whole blood. The dynamic range of three orders of magnitude covers most clinical cases. We correctly identified all patient samples regarding the presence or absence of bacteria. We envision our technology as an important contribution to early and sensitive sepsis diagnosis directly from blood without requirement for cultivation. This would be a game changer in diagnostics, as no commercial PCR or POCT device currently exists who can do this.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Huber
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute (SNI), Department of Physics, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hans Peter Lang
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute (SNI), Department of Physics, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Heller
- Applied Microbiology Research (Lab 315), Zentrum für Lehre und Forschung, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Anna Bielicki
- University Children’s Hospital Basel (UKBB), Department of Medicine, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Gerber
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute (SNI), Department of Physics, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ernst Meyer
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute (SNI), Department of Physics, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Egli
- Applied Microbiology Research (Lab 315), Zentrum für Lehre und Forschung, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, University Hospital Basel, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland
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6
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Zhu H, Yan S, Wu J, Zhang Z, Xu A. Effect of anticoagulants on plasma concentration of macrophage migration inhibitory factor: A pilot study. Int J Lab Hematol 2022; 44:e236-e238. [PMID: 35677957 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou Second People's Hospital, Zhengzhou Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaochun Yan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Jingshuo Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou Second People's Hospital, Zhengzhou Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou Second People's Hospital, Zhengzhou Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aiguo Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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7
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Rezaei M, Khazaei R, Mohaqiq Z, Raeesi V, Farkhondeh T, Samarghandian S. Effect of Magnesium Status on Microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2022; 21:55-59. [PMID: 35469580 DOI: 10.2174/1871525720666220425120457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are several controversies regarding the association between serum magnesium depletion and microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients. OBJECTIVE Therefore, this study aimed to assess serum magnesium concentrations in Type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria and normoalbuminuria in Birjand, Iran, in 2019. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 25 type 2 diabetes patients with microalbuminuria were enrolled as the case group and 25 type 2 diabetes patients with normoalbuminuria as the control group. Both groups were matched for age, sex, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Blood samples were obtained for serum magnesium measurement. RESULTS Our findings showed no significant difference between serum magnesium concentration in the case and control groups (mean serum magnesium concentration for case group: 2.34 ± 0.35 mg/dl and control group: 2.27 ± 0.33 mg/dl). Pearson correlation coefficient analysis did not show any correlation between serum magnesium levels and urine albumin levels in patients with microalbuminuria versus patients with normoalbuminuria (r = 0.06, p = 0.67). CONCLUSION This study did not indicate a correlation between serum magnesium concentrations and microalbuminuria in Type 2 diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rezaei
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran.,Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Reza Khazaei
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Zabihullah Mohaqiq
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Vajehallah Raeesi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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8
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Zhang X, Chen L, Wang G, Chen L, Huang L, Cao Y, Chen X, Deng C, Chen X, Ke D, Qin Y, Chen B, Sun X. Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 on Ocular Surface of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Using One-Step Reverse-Transcription Droplet Digital PCR. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:5395-5401. [PMID: 34938087 PMCID: PMC8685385 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s335635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study detects SARS-CoV-2 in the ocular surface through one-step reverse-transcription droplet digital PCR (one-step RT-ddPCR) and evaluates the possibility of the ocular surface as a possible transmission route. Methods A single-center prospective observational study was designed to investigate the viral loads in ocular surface. Specimens including the conjunctival swabs, nasopharyngeal swabs and blood were synchronously collected at a single time point for all COVID-19 patients. SARS-CoV-2 loads in nasopharyngeal swabs were tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR); the blood samples and conjunctival swabs were tested by real-time PCR and one-step RT-ddPCR. Results Sixty-eight COVID-19 patients confirmed by nasopharyngeal real-time PCR were recruited. In the single time point test, 40 cases showed positive SARS-CoV-2 detection in either the blood, tears, or nasopharynx, of which four cases were triple-positive, 10 were dual-positive, and 26 were single-positive. The positive rate of nasopharyngeal swab real-time PCR test was 22.1% (15/68). The positive rate of blood and conjunctival swabs by one-step RT-ddPCR was 38.2% (26/68) and 25% (17/68), respectively, whereas real-time PCR was all negative. Positive conjunctival swabs were significantly correlated with positive nasopharyngeal swabs (P = 0.028). The sampling lags from illness onset to sampling day in 3 out of 4 triple-positive patients and in 9 out of 10 dual-positive patients were respectively less than 9 days and less than 20 days. Conclusion Our results indicate that the positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 on the ocular surface is much higher than expected. Transmission possibility through the ocular surface may be greatly underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liting Chen
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaoxiang Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifang Huang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaohua Deng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhui Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Ke
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjun Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xufang Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Flores-Valdez M, Ares MA, Rosales-Reyes R, Torres J, Girón JA, Weimer BC, Mendez-Tenorio A, De la Cruz MA. Whole Genome Sequencing of Pediatric Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains Reveals Important Insights Into Their Virulence-Associated Traits. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:711577. [PMID: 34489901 PMCID: PMC8418058 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.711577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is recognized as a common cause of nosocomial infections and outbreaks causing pneumonia, septicemia, and urinary tract infections. This opportunistic bacterium shows an increasing acquisition of antibiotic-resistance genes, which complicates treatment of infections. Hence, fast reliable strain typing methods are paramount for the study of this opportunistic pathogen’s multi-drug resistance genetic profiles. In this study, thirty-eight strains of K. pneumoniae isolated from the blood of pediatric patients were characterized by whole-genome sequencing and genomic clustering methods. Genes encoding β-lactamase were found in all the bacterial isolates, among which the blaSHV variant was the most prevalent (53%). Moreover, genes encoding virulence factors such as fimbriae, capsule, outer membrane proteins, T4SS and siderophores were investigated. Additionally, a multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) analysis revealed 24 distinct sequence types identified within the isolates, among which the most frequently represented were ST76 (16%) and ST70 (11%). Based on LPS structure, serotypes O1 and O3 were the most prevalent, accounting for approximately 63% of all infections. The virulence capsular types K10, K136, and K2 were present in 16, 13, and 8% of the isolates, respectively. Phylogenomic analysis based on virtual genome fingerprints correlated with the MLST data. The phylogenomic reconstruction also denoted association between strains with a higher abundance of virulence genes and virulent serotypes compared to strains that do not possess these traits. This study highlights the value of whole-genomic sequencing in the surveillance of virulence attributes among clinical K. pneumoniae strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Flores-Valdez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Bioinformática Genómica, Escuela Nacional De Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Ares
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roberto Rosales-Reyes
- Unidad de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Javier Torres
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge A Girón
- Centro de Detección Biomolecular, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Bart C Weimer
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Alfonso Mendez-Tenorio
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Bioinformática Genómica, Escuela Nacional De Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel A De la Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
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10
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Groselj A, Bosnjak M, Krzan M, Kosjek T, Bottyán K, Plesnik H, Jamsek C, Cemazar M, Kis E, Sersa G. Bleomycin Concentration in Patients' Plasma and Tumors after Electrochemotherapy. A Study from InspECT Group. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1324. [PMID: 34575400 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma concentration profile of bleomycin in the distribution phase of patients younger than 65 years is needed to determine the suitable time interval for efficient application of electric pulses during electrochemotherapy. Additionally, bleomycin concentrations in the treated tumors for effective tumor response are not known. In this study, the pharmacokinetic profile of bleomycin in the distribution phase in 12 patients younger than 65 years was determined. In 17 patients, the intratumoral bleomycin concentration was determined before the application of electric pulses. In younger patients, the pharmacokinetics of intravenously injected bleomycin demonstrated a faster plasma clearance rate than that in patients older than 65 years. This outcome might indicate that the lowering of the standard bleomycin dose of 15,000 IU/m2 with intravenous bleomycin injection for electrochemotherapy is not recommended in younger patients. Based on the plasma concentration data gathered, a time interval for electrochemotherapy of 5-15 min after bleomycin injection was determined. The median bleomycin concentration in tumors 8 min after bleomycin injection, at the time of electroporation, was 170 ng/g. Based on collected data, the reduction of the bleomycin dose is not recommended in younger patients; however, a shortened time interval for application of electric pulses in electrochemotherapy to 5-15 min after intravenous bleomycin injection should be considered.
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11
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Leger M, Despinasse Q, Faure P, Arnaud J, Ravelet C, Chovelon B. Influence of delayed separation of plasma from whole blood and centrifugation protocol on Zn plasma concentration. Clin Chem Lab Med 2021; 58:e279-e281. [PMID: 32609637 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-0380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Leger
- Institute of Biology and Pathology, University Hospital of Grenoble and Alps, Grenoble, France
| | - Quentin Despinasse
- Institute of Biology and Pathology, University Hospital of Grenoble and Alps, Grenoble, France
| | - Patrice Faure
- Institute of Biology and Pathology, University Hospital of Grenoble and Alps, Grenoble, France
- University Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Hypoxy Physiopathology Study Inserm U1042, La Tronche, France
| | - Josiane Arnaud
- Institute of Biology and Pathology, University Hospital of Grenoble and Alps, Grenoble, France
| | - Corinne Ravelet
- University Grenoble Alpes, DPM UMR 5063, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, DPM UMR 5063, Grenoble, France
| | - Benoit Chovelon
- Institute of Biology and Pathology, University Hospital of Grenoble and Alps, Grenoble, France
- University Grenoble Alpes, DPM UMR 5063, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, DPM UMR 5063, Grenoble, France
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12
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Abrahamsson DP, Wang A, Jiang T, Wang M, Siddharth A, Morello-Frosch R, Park JS, Sirota M, Woodruff TJ. A Comprehensive Non-targeted Analysis Study of the Prenatal Exposome. Environ Sci Technol 2021; 55:10542-10557. [PMID: 34260856 PMCID: PMC8338910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Recent technological advances in mass spectrometry have enabled us to screen biological samples for a very broad spectrum of chemical compounds allowing us to more comprehensively characterize the human exposome in critical periods of development. The goal of this study was three-fold: (1) to analyze 590 matched maternal and cord blood samples (total 295 pairs) using non-targeted analysis (NTA); (2) to examine the differences in chemical abundance between maternal and cord blood samples; and (3) to examine the associations between exogenous chemicals and endogenous metabolites. We analyzed all samples with high-resolution mass spectrometry using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF/MS) in both positive and negative electrospray ionization modes (ESI+ and ESI-) and in soft ionization (MS) and fragmentation (MS/MS) modes for prioritized features. We confirmed 19 unique compounds with analytical standards, we tentatively identified 73 compounds with MS/MS spectra matching, and we annotated 98 compounds using an annotation algorithm. We observed 103 significant associations in maternal and 128 in cord samples between compounds annotated as endogenous and compounds annotated as exogenous. An example of these relationships was an association between three poly and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and endogenous fatty acids in both the maternal and cord samples indicating potential interactions between PFASs and fatty acid regulating proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Panagopoulos Abrahamsson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94143, California, United States
| | - Aolin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94143, California, United States
| | - Ting Jiang
- California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Toxic Substances Control, Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Berkeley, 94710, California, United States
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Toxic Substances Control, Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Berkeley, 94710, California, United States
| | - Adi Siddharth
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94143, California, United States
| | - Rachel Morello-Frosch
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management and School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, 94720, California, United States
| | - June-Soo Park
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94143, California, United States
- California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Toxic Substances Control, Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Berkeley, 94710, California, United States
| | - Marina Sirota
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94158, California, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94158, California, United States
| | - Tracey J. Woodruff
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94143, California, United States
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13
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Hoffmann T, Carsjens I, Rakotozandrindrainy R, Girmann M, Randriamampionona N, Maïga-Ascofaré O, Podbielski A, Hahn A, Frickmann H, Schwarz NG. Serology- and Blood-PCR-Based Screening for Schistosomiasis in Pregnant Women in Madagascar-A Cross-Sectional Study and Test Comparison Approach. Pathogens 2021; 10:722. [PMID: 34201231 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10060722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This work was conducted as a cross sectional study to define the disease burden of schistosomiasis in pregnant Madagascan women and to evaluate serological and molecular diagnostic assays. A total of 1154 residual EDTA blood samples from pregnant Madagascan women were assessed. The nucleic acid extractions were subjected to in-house real-time PCRs specifically targeting S. mansoni complex, S. haematobium complex, and African Schistosoma spp. on genus level, while the EDTA plasma samples were analyzed using Schistosoma-specific IgG and IgM commercial ELISA and immunofluorescence assays. The analyses indicated an overall prevalence of schistosomiasis in Madagascan pregnant women of 40.4%, with only minor regional differences and differences between serology- and blood PCR-based surveillance. The S. mansoni specific real-time PCR showed superior sensitivity of 74% (specificity 80%) compared with the genus-specific real-time PCR (sensitivity 13%, specificity 100%) in blood. The laborious immunofluorescence (sensitivity IgM 49%, IgG 87%, specificity IgM 85%, IgG 96%) scored only slightly better than the automatable ELISA (sensitivity IgM 38%, IgG 88%, specificity IgM 78%, IgG 91%). Infections with S. mansoni were detected only. The high prevalence of schistosomiasis recorded here among pregnant women in Madagascar calls for actions in order to reduce the disease burden.
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14
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Chung H, Ko H, Kang WS, Kim KW, Lee H, Park C, Song HO, Choi TY, Seo JH, Lee J. Prediction and Feature Importance Analysis for Severity of COVID-19 in South Korea Using Artificial Intelligence: Model Development and Validation. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e27060. [PMID: 33764883 PMCID: PMC8057199 DOI: 10.2196/27060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The number of deaths from COVID-19 continues to surge worldwide. In particular, if a patient’s condition is sufficiently severe to require invasive ventilation, it is more likely to lead to death than to recovery. Objective The goal of our study was to analyze the factors related to COVID-19 severity in patients and to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model to predict the severity of COVID-19 at an early stage. Methods We developed an AI model that predicts severity based on data from 5601 COVID-19 patients from all national and regional hospitals across South Korea as of April 2020. The clinical severity of COVID-19 was divided into two categories: low and high severity. The condition of patients in the low-severity group corresponded to no limit of activity, oxygen support with nasal prong or facial mask, and noninvasive ventilation. The condition of patients in the high-severity group corresponded to invasive ventilation, multi-organ failure with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation required, and death. For the AI model input, we used 37 variables from the medical records, including basic patient information, a physical index, initial examination findings, clinical findings, comorbid diseases, and general blood test results at an early stage. Feature importance analysis was performed with AdaBoost, random forest, and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost); the AI model for predicting COVID-19 severity among patients was developed with a 5-layer deep neural network (DNN) with the 20 most important features, which were selected based on ranked feature importance analysis of 37 features from the comprehensive data set. The selection procedure was performed using sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, balanced accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC). Results We found that age was the most important factor for predicting disease severity, followed by lymphocyte level, platelet count, and shortness of breath or dyspnea. Our proposed 5-layer DNN with the 20 most important features provided high sensitivity (90.2%), specificity (90.4%), accuracy (90.4%), balanced accuracy (90.3%), and AUC (0.96). Conclusions Our proposed AI model with the selected features was able to predict the severity of COVID-19 accurately. We also made a web application so that anyone can access the model. We believe that sharing the AI model with the public will be helpful in validating and improving its performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heewon Chung
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Ko
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Wu Seong Kang
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Jeju Regional Trauma Center, Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hooseok Lee
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ok Song
- Department of Infection Biology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Choi
- Department of Pathology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Seo
- Department of Biochemistry, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseok Lee
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
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15
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Aktar S, Ahamad MM, Rashed-Al-Mahfuz M, Azad A, Uddin S, Kamal A, Alyami SA, Lin PI, Islam SMS, Quinn JM, Eapen V, Moni MA. Machine Learning Approach to Predicting COVID-19 Disease Severity Based on Clinical Blood Test Data: Statistical Analysis and Model Development. JMIR Med Inform 2021; 9:e25884. [PMID: 33779565 PMCID: PMC8045777 DOI: 10.2196/25884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accurate prediction of the disease severity of patients with COVID-19 would greatly improve care delivery and resource allocation and thereby reduce mortality risks, especially in less developed countries. Many patient-related factors, such as pre-existing comorbidities, affect disease severity and can be used to aid this prediction. Objective Because rapid automated profiling of peripheral blood samples is widely available, we aimed to investigate how data from the peripheral blood of patients with COVID-19 can be used to predict clinical outcomes. Methods We investigated clinical data sets of patients with COVID-19 with known outcomes by combining statistical comparison and correlation methods with machine learning algorithms; the latter included decision tree, random forest, variants of gradient boosting machine, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor, and deep learning methods. Results Our work revealed that several clinical parameters that are measurable in blood samples are factors that can discriminate between healthy people and COVID-19–positive patients, and we showed the value of these parameters in predicting later severity of COVID-19 symptoms. We developed a number of analytical methods that showed accuracy and precision scores >90% for disease severity prediction. Conclusions We developed methodologies to analyze routine patient clinical data that enable more accurate prediction of COVID-19 patient outcomes. With this approach, data from standard hospital laboratory analyses of patient blood could be used to identify patients with COVID-19 who are at high risk of mortality, thus enabling optimization of hospital facilities for COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakifa Aktar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Md Martuza Ahamad
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rashed-Al-Mahfuz
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Akm Azad
- iThree Institute, Faculty of Science, University Technology of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shahadat Uddin
- Complex Systems Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ahm Kamal
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Salem A Alyami
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ping-I Lin
- School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Julian Mw Quinn
- Healthy Ageing Theme, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlington, Australia
| | - Valsamma Eapen
- School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Healthy Ageing Theme, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlington, Australia.,WHO Collaborating Centre on eHealth, UNSW Digital Health, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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16
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Jan Z, Drab M, Drobne D, Bedina Zavec A, Benčina M, Drasler B, Hočevar M, Krek JL, Pađen L, Pajnič M, Repar N, Šimunič B, Štukelj R, Kralj-Iglič V. Decrease in Cellular Nanovesicles Concentration in Blood of Athletes More Than 15 Hours After Marathon. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:443-456. [PMID: 33505159 PMCID: PMC7829122 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s282200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cellular nanovesicles (CNVs), that are shed from cells, have been recognized as promising indicators of health status. We analyzed the effect of long-distance running on concentration of CNVs, along with some standard blood parameters, in 27 athletes two days before and >15 hours after physical effort. Methods CNVs were isolated by repetitive centrifugation and washing of samples, and assessed by flow cytometry. Cholinesterase (ChE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity were measured spectrophotometrically. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured with immunoturbidimetric determination and lipidogram parameters were measured by enzymatic colorimetric assay. Flow cytometry was used for blood cell count and mean platelet volume (MPV) measurement. Results More than 15 hours after physical effort a decrease was found in CNVs' concentration in isolates from blood (46%; p<0.05), in ChE activity in whole blood (47%; p<0.001), in plasma (34%; p<0.01), and in erythrocyte suspension (54%; p<0.001), as well as in GST activity in erythrocyte suspension (16%; p<0.01) and in IL-6 concentration in plasma (63%; p<0.05). We found no change in GST activity in plasma and in TNF-α concentration in plasma. Correlations (>0.8; p<0.001) between CNVs' concentration and ChE activity, and GST activity, respectively, in erythrocyte suspension were found. Conclusion We found that >15 hours post-physical effort, CNVs' concentration was below the initial value, concomitant with other measured parameters: ChE and GST activity as well as IL-6 concentration, indicating a favorable effect of physical effort on health status. CNVs' concentration and ChE activity in isolates from peripheral blood proved to have potential as indicators of the response of the human body to inflammation after physical effort. Physical activity should be considered as an important factor in preparation of subjects for blood sampling in procedures focusing on CNV-containing diagnostic and therapeutic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zala Jan
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mitja Drab
- Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damjana Drobne
- Nanobiology and Nanotoxicology Group, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Apolonija Bedina Zavec
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mojca Benčina
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Barbara Drasler
- Nanobiology and Nanotoxicology Group, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matej Hočevar
- Physics and Chemistry of Materials, Laboratory of Surface Engineering and Applied Surface Science, The Institute of Metals and Technology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Judita Lea Krek
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ljubiša Pađen
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Manca Pajnič
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Neža Repar
- Nanobiology and Nanotoxicology Group, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan Šimunič
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Roman Štukelj
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Veronika Kralj-Iglič
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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17
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Chen B, Xie Y, Zhang N, Li W, Liu C, Li D, Bian S, Jiang Y, Yang Z, Li R, Feng Y, Zhang X, Shi D. Evaluation of Droplet Digital PCR Assay for the Diagnosis of Candidemia in Blood Samples. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:700008. [PMID: 34603226 PMCID: PMC8480469 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.700008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) is a promising tool for the diagnosis of pathogens, especially in samples with low concentrations of pathogenic DNA. An early diagnosis of candidemia is critical for the effective treatment of patients. In this study, we evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of ddPCR assay for Candida DNA detection both in vitro by mixing fungal cells with human blood and in vivo by analyzing blood samples from infected mice and patients with suspected candidemia. The results showed that ddPCR assay could detect a minimum of 4.5 DNA copies per reaction in blood samples. ddPCR showed higher sensitivity and specificity for Candida DNA detection than traditional culture and quantitative PCR (qPCR) methods and also exhibited significantly better positive and negative predictive values than the culture and qPCR methods that were commonly used in clinical practice. Hence, our study demonstrates that ddPCR assay is a promising method for the timely diagnosis of candidemia and could be useful for monitoring the treatment of candidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Chen
- The Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
- Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yingguang Xie
- Intensive Care Unit, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- The Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Intensive Care Unit, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Chen Liu
- The Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Shaodong Bian
- The Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Yufeng Jiang
- Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Clinical Laboratory, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Zhiya Yang
- The Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Renzhe Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Yahui Feng
- Clinical Medicine College, Jining Medical College, Jining, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Xiaojie Zhang,
| | - Dongmei Shi
- The Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
- Department of Dermatology, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
- *Correspondence: Dongmei Shi,
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18
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Henny J, Nadif R, Got SL, Lemonnier S, Ozguler A, Ruiz F, Beaumont K, Brault D, Sandt E, Goldberg M, Zins M. The CONSTANCES Cohort Biobank: An Open Tool for Research in Epidemiology and Prevention of Diseases. Front Public Health 2020; 8:605133. [PMID: 33363097 PMCID: PMC7758208 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.605133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
“General-purpose cohorts” in epidemiology and public health are designed to cover a broad scope of determinants and outcomes, in order to answer several research questions, including those not defined at study inception. In this context, the general objective of the CONSTANCES project is to set up a large population-based cohort that will contribute to the development of epidemiological research by hosting ancillary projects on a wide range of scientific domains, and to provide public health information. CONSTANCES was designed as a randomly selected sample of French adults aged 18–69 years at study inception; 202,045 subjects were included over an 8-year period. At inclusion, the selected participants are invited to attend one of the 24 participating Health Prevention Centers (HPCs) for a comprehensive health examination. The follow-up includes a yearly self-administered questionnaire, and a periodic visit to an HPC. Procedures have been developed to use the national healthcare databases to allow identification and validation of diseases over the follow-up. The biological collection (serum, lithium heparinized plasma, EDTA plasma, urine and buffy coat) began gradually in June 2018. At the end of the inclusions, specimens from 83,000 donors will have been collected. Specimens are collected according to a standardized protocol, identical in all recruitment centers. All operations relating to bio-banking have been entrusted by Inserm to the Integrated Biobank of Luxembourg (IBBL). A quality management system has been put in place. Particular attention has been paid to the traceability of all operations. The nature of the biological samples stored has been deliberately limited due to the economic and organizational constraints of the inclusion centers. Some research works may require specific collection conditions, and can be developed on request for a limited number of subjects and in specially trained centers. The biological specimens that are collected will allow for a large spectrum of biomarkers studies and genetic and epigenetic markers through candidate or agnostic approaches. By linking the extensive data on personal, lifestyle, environmental, occupational and social factors with the biomarker data, the CONSTANCES cohort offers the opportunity to study the interplays between these factors using an integrative approach and state-of-the-art methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Henny
- Inserm UMS 011, Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts, Villejuif, France
| | - R Nadif
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d'Épidémiologie respiratoire intégrative, CESP, Villejuif, France
| | - S Le Got
- Inserm UMS 011, Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts, Villejuif, France
| | - S Lemonnier
- Inserm UMS 011, Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts, Villejuif, France
| | - A Ozguler
- Inserm UMS 011, Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts, Villejuif, France
| | - F Ruiz
- ClinSearch, Malakoff, France
| | - K Beaumont
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - D Brault
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - E Sandt
- Integrated Biobank of Luxembourg (IBBL), Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - M Goldberg
- Inserm UMS 011, Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts, Villejuif, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - M Zins
- Inserm UMS 011, Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts, Villejuif, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris, Paris, France
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19
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Ko H, Chung H, Kang WS, Park C, Kim DW, Kim SE, Chung CR, Ko RE, Lee H, Seo JH, Choi TY, Jaimes R, Kim KW, Lee J. An Artificial Intelligence Model to Predict the Mortality of COVID-19 Patients at Hospital Admission Time Using Routine Blood Samples: Development and Validation of an Ensemble Model. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e25442. [PMID: 33301414 PMCID: PMC7759509 DOI: 10.2196/25442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19, which is accompanied by acute respiratory distress, multiple organ failure, and death, has spread worldwide much faster than previously thought. However, at present, it has limited treatments. Objective To overcome this issue, we developed an artificial intelligence (AI) model of COVID-19, named EDRnet (ensemble learning model based on deep neural network and random forest models), to predict in-hospital mortality using a routine blood sample at the time of hospital admission. Methods We selected 28 blood biomarkers and used the age and gender information of patients as model inputs. To improve the mortality prediction, we adopted an ensemble approach combining deep neural network and random forest models. We trained our model with a database of blood samples from 361 COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China, and applied it to 106 COVID-19 patients in three Korean medical institutions. Results In the testing data sets, EDRnet provided high sensitivity (100%), specificity (91%), and accuracy (92%). To extend the number of patient data points, we developed a web application (BeatCOVID19) where anyone can access the model to predict mortality and can register his or her own blood laboratory results. Conclusions Our new AI model, EDRnet, accurately predicts the mortality rate for COVID-19. It is publicly available and aims to help health care providers fight COVID-19 and improve patients’ outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoon Ko
- Biomedical Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Heewon Chung
- Biomedical Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Wu Seong Kang
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Wan Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Ryang Chung
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryoung Eun Ko
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hooseok Lee
- Biomedical Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Seo
- Department of Biochemistry, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Choi
- Department of Pathology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Rafael Jaimes
- Biotechnology and Human Systems, Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA, United States
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseok Lee
- Biomedical Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
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20
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Seidlova V, Zukal J, Brichta J, Anisimov N, Apoznański G, Bandouchova H, Bartonička T, Berková H, Botvinkin AD, Heger T, Dundarova H, Kokurewicz T, Linhart P, Orlov OL, Piacek V, Presetnik P, Shumkina AP, Tiunov MP, Treml F, Pikula J. Active surveillance for antibodies confirms circulation of lyssaviruses in Palearctic bats. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:482. [PMID: 33302915 PMCID: PMC7731468 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02702-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Palearctic bats host a diversity of lyssaviruses, though not the classical rabies virus (RABV). As surveillance for bat rabies over the Palearctic area covering Central and Eastern Europe and Siberian regions of Russia has been irregular, we lack data on geographic and seasonal patterns of the infection. RESULTS To address this, we undertook serological testing, using non-lethally sampled blood, on 1027 bats of 25 species in Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Poland, Russia and Slovenia between 2014 and 2018. The indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detected rabies virus anti-glycoprotein antibodies in 33 bats, giving an overall seroprevalence of 3.2%. Bat species exceeding the seroconversion threshold included Myotis blythii, Myotis gracilis, Myotis petax, Myotis myotis, Murina hilgendorfi, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum and Vespertilio murinus. While Myotis species (84.8%) and adult females (48.5%) dominated in seropositive bats, juveniles of both sexes showed no difference in seroprevalence. Higher numbers tested positive when sampled during the active season (10.5%), as compared with the hibernation period (0.9%). Bat rabies seroprevalence was significantly higher in natural habitats (4.0%) compared with synanthropic roosts (1.2%). Importantly, in 2018, we recorded 73.1% seroprevalence in a cave containing a M. blythii maternity colony in the Altai Krai of Russia. CONCLUSIONS Identification of such "hotspots" of non-RABV lyssavirus circulation not only provides important information for public health protection, it can also guide research activities aimed at more in-depth bat rabies studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Seidlova
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Zukal
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, 603 65, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 267/2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Brichta
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nikolay Anisimov
- Land Use and Biodiversity, International Complex Research Laboratory for Study of Climate Change, Tyumen State University, Volodarckogo 6, 625003, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Grzegorz Apoznański
- Institute of Biology, Department of Vertebrate Ecology and Palaeontology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Hana Bandouchova
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Bartonička
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 267/2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Berková
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, 603 65, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alexander D Botvinkin
- Irkutsk State Medical University, Krasnogo Vosstania street 1, 664003, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Tomas Heger
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Heliana Dundarova
- Department of Ecosystem Research, Environment Risk Assessment and Conservation Biology, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Tsar Osvoboditel 1, 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tomasz Kokurewicz
- Institute of Biology, Department of Vertebrate Ecology and Palaeontology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Petr Linhart
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Oleg L Orlov
- Land Use and Biodiversity, International Complex Research Laboratory for Study of Climate Change, Tyumen State University, Volodarckogo 6, 625003, Tyumen, Russia
- Department of Biochemistry, Ural State Medical University, Repina 3, 620014, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir Piacek
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Primož Presetnik
- Centre for Cartography of Fauna and Flora, Antoličičeva 1, SI-2204 , Miklavž na Dravskem polju, Slovenia
| | - Alexandra P Shumkina
- Western Baikal protected areas, Federal State Budgetary Institution "Zapovednoe Pribaikalye", Baikalskaya st. 291B, 664050, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Mikhail P Tiunov
- Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr- t 100-letiya Vladivostoka 159, 690022, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Frantisek Treml
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Pikula
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
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21
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Despinasse Q, Choisnard L, Faure P, Guicherd D, Peyrin E, Ravelet C, Chovelon B. Stability of catecholamines in whole blood: influence of time between collection and centrifugation. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020; 59:e83-e85. [PMID: 33027041 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-1291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Despinasse
- Unit of Biochemistry of Hormones and Nutrition, Institute of Biology and Pathology, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Luc Choisnard
- University Grenoble Alpes, DPM UMR5063, Grenoble, France.,CNRS, DPM UMR5063, Grenoble, France
| | - Patrice Faure
- Unit of Biochemistry of Hormones and Nutrition, Institute of Biology and Pathology, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France.,University Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Hypoxy Physiopathology Study Inserm U1042, La Tronche, France
| | - Denis Guicherd
- Unit of Biochemistry of Hormones and Nutrition, Institute of Biology and Pathology, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Peyrin
- University Grenoble Alpes, DPM UMR5063, Grenoble, France.,CNRS, DPM UMR5063, Grenoble, France
| | - Corinne Ravelet
- University Grenoble Alpes, DPM UMR5063, Grenoble, France.,CNRS, DPM UMR5063, Grenoble, France
| | - Benoit Chovelon
- Unit of Biochemistry of Hormones and Nutrition, Institute of Biology and Pathology, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France.,University Grenoble Alpes, DPM UMR5063, Grenoble, France.,CNRS, DPM UMR5063, Grenoble, France
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22
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Codish S, Amichay D, Yitshak-Sade M, Gat R, Liberty IF, Novack L. Improvement of Blood Samples Preanalytic Management Alters the Clinical Results of Glucose Values: Population Study. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2020; 14:284-289. [PMID: 30646746 PMCID: PMC7196853 DOI: 10.1177/1932296818823780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged time elapsing between the blood drawing and separation of the cell mass may result in decreased sample glucose levels due to continuous glycolysis. This can lead to underdiagnoses of hyperglycemic states and overdiagnosis of hypoglycemia. We aimed to evaluate the clinical impact of shortened transit time and earlier centrifugation of laboratory specimens on reported glucose results and diagnosis of clinically significant hypoglycemia (<50 mg/dL) or elevated glucose levels (>100 mg/dL). METHODS We assessed all fasting-serum glucose tests from the adult population (190 767 subjects) without known diabetes residing in Southern Israel. Before and after intervention periods were compared: 268 359 blood tests were performed during 2009-2010, and 317 336 during 2012-2013. RESULTS While glucose levels were 94.17 mg/dL ± 14.12 in 2012-2013 versus 83.53 mg/dL ± 14.50 in 2009-2010 (12.75% ± 0.88 increase, P < .001), the difference in glycated hemoglobin levels was statistically significant but clinically negligible: 5.84% ± 0.56 in 2012-2013 versus 5.88% ± 0.56 in 2009-2010 (0.53% ± 0.78 decrease, P < .01). There was an increased likelihood of a glucose result to be above 100 mg/dL following intervention: 9.80% versus 25.90%, P < .001. For clinics distanced over 40 km from the laboratory, age-adjusted odds ratio value was 1.26 (95% CI 1.13, 1.41). The proportion of samples with hypoglycemia values decreased from 0.33% to 0.03% (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated an important change in glucose values over a two-year period following an improvement of the preanalytic processes. The intervention was related to an increase in the frequency of hyperglycemia results and a decrease in the number of hypoglycemia results. Future administrative projects should consider clinical consequences with involvement of all relevant stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shlomi Codish
- Medical Management Unit, Soroka
University Medical Center, Be’er Sheva, Israel
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of
Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Doron Amichay
- Central Laboratory, Clalit Health
Services & Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Ben-Gurion
University, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Maayan Yitshak-Sade
- Clinical Research Center, Soroka
University Medical Center, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Roni Gat
- Clinical Research Center, Soroka
University Medical Center, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Idit F. Liberty
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soroka
University Medical Center, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Lena Novack
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of
Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
- Lena Novack, PhD, Department of Public
Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, POB 653,
Be’er Sheva 84105, Israel.
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23
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Liotti FM, Posteraro B, Mannu F, Carta F, Pantaleo A, De Angelis G, Menchinelli G, Spanu T, Fiori PL, Turrini F, Sanguinetti M. Development of a Multiplex PCR Platform for the Rapid Detection of Bacteria, Antibiotic Resistance, and Candida in Human Blood Samples. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:389. [PMID: 31799215 PMCID: PMC6863929 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of bloodstream infections (BSIs) still relies on blood culture (BC), but low turnaround times may hinder the early initiation of an appropriate antimicrobial therapy, thus increasing the risk of infection-related death. We describe a direct and rapid multiplex PCR-based assay capable of detecting and identifying 16 bacterial and four Candida species, as well as three antibiotic-resistance determinants, in uncultured samples. Using whole-blood samples spiked with microorganisms at low densities, we found that the MicrobScan assay had a mean limit of detection of 15.1 ± 3.3 CFU of bacteria/Candida per ml of blood. When applied to positive BC samples, the assay allowed the sensitive and specific detection of BSI pathogens, including bla KPC-, mecA-, or vanA/vanB-positive bacteria. We evaluated the assay using prospectively collected blood samples from patients with suspected BSI. The sensitivity and specificity were 86.4 and 97.0%, respectively, among patients with positive BCs for the microorganisms targeted by the assay or patients fulfilling the criteria for infection. The mean times to positive or negative assay results were 5.3 ± 0.2 and 5.1 ± 0.1 h, respectively. Fifteen of 20 patients with MicrobScan assay-positive/BC-negative samples were receiving antimicrobial therapy. In conclusion, the MicrobScan assay is well suited to complement current diagnostic methods for BSIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Marzia Liotti
- Istituto di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Brunella Posteraro
- Istituto di Patologia Medica e Semeiotica Medica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Gastroenterologiche, Endocrino-Metaboliche e Nefro-Urologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Antonella Pantaleo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giulia De Angelis
- Istituto di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Menchinelli
- Istituto di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Spanu
- Istituto di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Fiori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Sanguinetti
- Istituto di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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24
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Marquès M, Domingo JL. Concentrations of PCDD/Fs in Human Blood: A Review of Data from the Current Decade. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:E3566. [PMID: 31554236 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans (PCDD/Fs) are environmental pollutants with great persistence, the capacity of bioaccumulation, and well known important toxic effects in humans and animals. Incinerators of hazardous, municipal and medical waste, chlorine bleaching of paper pulp, cement plants, and the traffic of motor vehicles are the most frequent emission sources of these compounds. The diet, followed at a great distance by inhalation, is generally the main way of human exposure to PCDD/Fs. Human biomonitoring is of great importance to prevent potential adverse effects derived from exposure to chemicals such as PCDD/Fs. In relation to this, blood is among the most used biological monitors. In the current review, we have summarized the recent information (2000–2009) published in the scientific literature (databases: Scopus and PubMed) on the concentrations of PCDD/Fs in blood samples of non-occupationally exposed populations, as well as in some groups of occupationally exposed individuals. We have revised a number of studies conducted in various African, American, Asian and European countries, and Australia. Unfortunately, the information is quite limited. No data are available for most countries over the world. Based on the results here reviewed, where available, the current health risks for the general populations do not seem to be of concern. Moreover, taking into account the important reductions observed in the levels of PCDD/Fs in foodstuffs, new decreases in the concentrations of PCDD/Fs in blood—and other biological tissues—are very probable in the immediate years.
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25
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Kumar JS, Rathinam S, Karothia D, Parida M. Cloning, expression & evaluation of potential immunogenic recombinant capsid premembrane protein of West Nile virus. Indian J Med Res 2019; 149:656-661. [PMID: 31417034 PMCID: PMC6702705 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_305_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurotropic flavivirus that has emerged globally as a significant cause of viral encephalitis. The early confirmatory diagnosis of WNV infections is important for timely clinical management and in areas where multiple flaviviruses are endemic. Diagnosis of WNV infection is primarily based on serodiagnosis, followed by virus isolation and identification. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a highly sensitive and specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) ELISA using the recombinant CprM protein (rWNV-CprM) for rapid, early and accurate diagnosis of WNV. Methods: The gene coding for the CprM protein of WNV was cloned and expressed in pET 28a vector followed by purification. An indirect IgM microplate ELISA using purified rWNV-CprM protein was optimized having no cross-reactivity with healthy human serum and serum samples obtained from patients with dengue and Japanese encephalitis viruses infection. Results: The comparative evaluation of this rWNV-CprM protein-specific IgM ELISA with plaque reduction neutralization test using 105 blood samples collected from patients suspected to have acute WNV infection revealed 98 per cent concordance with sensitivity and specificity of 100 and 97 per cent, respectively. Interpretation & conclusions: The recombinant CprM protein-based WNV-specific ELISA reported in this study may be useful for rapid screening of large numbers of blood samples in endemic areas during outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti S Kumar
- Division of Virology, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, India
| | | | - Divanyshi Karothia
- Division of Virology, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, India
| | - Manmohan Parida
- Division of Virology, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, India
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26
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Abstract
Several lines of evidence now confirm that the vast majority of errors in laboratory medicine occur in the extra-analytical phases of the total testing processing, especially in the preanalytical phase. Most importantly, the collection of unsuitable specimens for testing (either due to inappropriate volume or quality) is by far the most frequent source of all laboratory errors, thus calling for urgent strategies for improving blood sample quality and managing data potentially generated measuring unsuitable specimens. A comprehensive overview of scientific literature leads us to conclude that hemolyzed samples are the most frequent cause of specimen non-conformity in clinical laboratories (40-70%), followed by insufficient or inappropriate sample volume (10-20%), biological samples collected in the wrong container (5-15%) and undue clotting (5-10%). Less frequent causes of impaired sample quality include contamination by infusion fluids (i.e. most often saline or glucose solutions), cross-contamination of blood tubes additives, inappropriate sample storage conditions or repeated freezing-thawing cycles. Therefore, this article is aimed to summarize the current evidence about the most frequent types of unsuitable blood samples, along with tentative recommendations on how to prevent or manage these preanalytical non-conformities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale LA Scuro, 37100 - Verona, Italy
| | - Alexander von Meyer
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Kliniken Nordoberpfalz AG and Klinikum St. Marien, Weiden and Amberg, Germany
| | - Janne Cadamuro
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ana-Maria Simundic
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Sveti Duh, Zagreb, Croatia
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27
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Danchinova GA, Khasnatinov MA, Lyapunova NA, Solovarov IS, Manzarova EL, Lyapunov AV, Petrova IV. Cytokine Profiling of Subclinical Tick-Borne Infections in Humans. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 166:622-625. [PMID: 30903500 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04405-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Over many years, tick-borne infections remain one of the most serious threats to human health worldwide. The immune response to these infections in a human after confirmed bite by an infected carrier at the early stages of infection in the absence of clinical symptoms can be the first indicator of the presence of the infectious agent in the body. During viral infection, the concentration of IL-1α, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, and IFNγ increases; superoxide dismutase also increases, in contrast to bacterial infections. A slight decrease in the concentration is observed only for receptor antagonist IL-1Ra. During the infection caused by bacterial pathogens, very similar profiles of the innate human immune response are observed: activation of IL-1α, IL-8, and IFNα and suppression of superoxide dismutase, IL-1Ra, and IL-17A production. It has been demonstrated, that the immune response is triggered immediately after infection, and changes in the concentration of the main cytokines in the blood plasma can be detected as early as on days 2-5 after tick bite. These results can be useful in developing new methods of emergency diagnosis and prevention of tick-borne infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Danchinova
- Research Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia.
| | - M A Khasnatinov
- Research Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - N A Lyapunova
- Research Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - I S Solovarov
- Research Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - E L Manzarova
- Research Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - A V Lyapunov
- Research Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - I V Petrova
- Research Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia
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28
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Smith J, Mathisen AF, Funch Richardt N, Vander Plaetsen AS, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Stender H, Hillig T. Feasibility of single-cell analysis of model cancer and foetal cells in blood after isolation by cell picking. Tumour Biol 2019; 41:1010428318823361. [PMID: 30808252 DOI: 10.1177/1010428318823361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present feasibility study was to transfer single cell line cells to either microscopy slides for downstream immune characterization or to polymerase chain reaction tubes for downstream DNA quantitation. Tumour cell lines, SKBR3 and MCF7 and trophoblast cell line JEG-3 were spiked in healthy donor blood. The CytoTrack system was used to scan the spiked blood samples to identify target cells. Individual target cells were identified, picked by use of a CytoPicker and deposited to either a microscopic slide or a polymerase chain reaction tube (PCR). Single tumour cells on microscopic slides were further immunostained with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2) and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM). From the picked cells in polymerase chain reaction tubes, DNA was amplified, quantified and used for Short Tandem Repeat genotyping. Depositing rare cells to microscopy slides was laborious with only five cells per hour. In this study with a trained operator, the picked cells had an 80.5% recovery rate. Depositing single trophoblast cells in PCR tubes was a faster process with 10 cells in 5 min. Immunostaining of isolated cells by both Her2 and EpCAM was possible but showed varying staining intensity. Presence of trophoblasts and contaminating white blood cells in PCR tubes after cell picking was confirmed based on DNA yield and mixed Short Tandem Repeat profiles in five out of eight samples. Using the CytoPicker tool, single tumour and trophoblast cells were successfully isolated and moved from blood samples, allowing subsequent immunostaining or Short Tandem Repeat genotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Smith
- 1 Department of Technology, Faculty of Health, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Frøslev Mathisen
- 1 Department of Technology, Faculty of Health, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nadja Funch Richardt
- 1 Department of Technology, Faculty of Health, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Thore Hillig
- 4 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
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Knudsen AKS, Long M, Pedersen HS, Bonefeld-Jørgensen EC. Persistent organic pollutants and haematological markers in Greenlandic pregnant women: the ACCEPT sub-study. Int J Circumpolar Health 2019; 77:1456303. [PMID: 29595373 PMCID: PMC5912198 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2018.1456303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Arctic populations have high blood concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Exposure to POPs was related to adverse health effects e.g. immune, neurological and reproductive systems. This study investigates associations between serum POP levels and haematological markers in Greenlandic pregnant women. This cross-sectional study included 189 women enrolled in 2010–2011 at the Greenlandic West coast by the inclusion criteria ≥18 years of age and had lived for 50% or more of their life in Greenland. The associations between the sum of the POP variables polychlorinated biphenyls (sumPCBs), organochlorine pesticides (sumOCPs), perfluoroalkylated substances (sumPFASs) and 24 haematological markers were analysed using linear regression adjusted for age, pre-pregnancy BMI, parity, gestation week, plasma-cotinine and alcohol intake. It showed a significantly inverse association between several haematological markers (eosinophil, lymphocyte, neutrophil and white blood cells) and sumPCBs, sumOCPs and sumPFASs. In addition, the monocyte, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, plateletcrit and platelet count markers were significantly inversely associated with sumPFASs, but the haematocrit and mean erythrocyte corpuscular volume were positively associated with sumPFASs. In conclusion, exposure to POPs influenced several haematological markers, especially cell count parameters, suggesting immunosuppressive potential of POPs in Greenlandic pregnant women. The data need further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ane-Kersti Skaarup Knudsen
- a Centre for Arctic Health & Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health , Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark.,b Emergency Department , Regional Hospital of Randers , Randers , Denmark
| | - Manhai Long
- a Centre for Arctic Health & Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health , Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark
| | | | - Eva Cecilie Bonefeld-Jørgensen
- a Centre for Arctic Health & Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health , Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark.,d Greenland Center for Health Research , University of Greenland , Nuuk , Greenland
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Lovett JAC, Durcan PJ, Myburgh KH. Investigation of Circulating Extracellular Vesicle MicroRNA Following Two Consecutive Bouts of Muscle-Damaging Exercise. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1149. [PMID: 30177888 PMCID: PMC6109634 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized vesicles that are known to be powerful mediators of intercellular communication via their microRNA (miR) content. A paucity of information on EV-mediated communication arising from skeletal muscle (SkM) in response to exercise-induced muscle damage is present in the published literature. Lack of such information inhibits our understanding of muscle injury and repair processes. Aims: To assess circulating EV levels and selected miR content within them, in response to two consecutive bouts of muscle-damaging exercise. Methods: Serum creatine kinase activity (CK) and EVs were analyzed from the blood of 9 healthy, untrained males at baseline, and at 2 and 24 h post-exercise. The exercise regimen consisted of a combination of plyometric jumping and downhill running. Perceived muscle pain (PMP) was assessed on a scale from 1 to 10. Plasma EVs were isolated using size exclusion columns and visualized with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). EV size and number were quantified using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). miR expression was quantified using qPCR, with normalization to an exogenous control (cel-miR-39). Results: PMP and CK were significantly elevated post-exercise compared to baseline levels, providing indirect evidence for muscle damage. EV visualization using TEM revealed an abundant and heterogeneously sized pool of intact particles within the exosome size range (30-150 nm). No significant change in mean EV size or number was seen over time. The SkM-specific miR-206 in EVs was found to be variable among participants and no significant change occurred in SkM-important miRs; 1, 133a, 133b, 486, and 499a. However, EV miR-31 decreased from baseline to 24 h post-exercise (p = 0.027). Conclusion: Mild to moderate exercise-induced muscle damage altered the miR-31 profile of circulating EVs within the first 24 h post-exercise, but not that of myomiRs in EVs. These data demonstrate that EVs carry selectively packaged cargo which can be affected by exercise. Future research into the total miR content of EVs in response to exercise-induced muscle damage may reveal other miRs responsive to this relatively mild perturbation. More time points post-muscle-damaging exercise would provide a better understanding of the temporal EV myomiR response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A C Lovett
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Peter J Durcan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Kathryn H Myburgh
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Peres MG, Bacchiega TS, Appolinário CM, Vicente AF, Mioni MDSR, Ribeiro BLD, Fonseca CRS, Pelícia VC, Ferreira F, Oliveira GP, Abrahão JS, Megid J. Vaccinia Virus in Blood Samples of Humans, Domestic and Wild Mammals in Brazil. Viruses 2018; 10:v10010042. [PMID: 29346277 PMCID: PMC5795455 DOI: 10.3390/v10010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of Vaccinia virus (VACV) affecting cattle and humans have been reported in Brazil in the last 15 years, but the origin of outbreaks remains unknown. Although VACV DNA have been already detected in mice (Mus musculus), opossums (Didelphis albiventris) and dogs during VACV zoonotic outbreaks, no transmission to cattle or humans from any of these were reported during Brazilian outbreaks. In this work, we assessed the PCR positivity to VACV in blood samples of cows and other domestic mammals, wild rodents and other wild mammals, and humans from areas with or without VACV infection reports. Our results show the detection of VACV DNA in blood samples of cows, horse and opossums, raising important questions about VACV spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina G Peres
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu CEP 18618-970, Brazil.
| | - Thais S Bacchiega
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu CEP 18618-970, Brazil.
| | - Camila M Appolinário
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu CEP 18618-970, Brazil.
| | - Acácia F Vicente
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu CEP 18618-970, Brazil.
| | - Mateus de Souza Ribeiro Mioni
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu CEP 18618-970, Brazil.
| | - Bruna L D Ribeiro
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu CEP 18618-970, Brazil.
| | - Clóvis R S Fonseca
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu CEP 18618-970, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa C Pelícia
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu CEP 18618-970, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Ferreira
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, USP-Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 05508-270, Brazil.
| | - Graziele P Oliveira
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, UFMG-Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte CEP 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Jonatas S Abrahão
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, UFMG-Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte CEP 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Jane Megid
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu CEP 18618-970, Brazil.
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Abstract
The purpose of the study was to determine differences and correlations between the blood glucose values of venous blood and the first and second drops of capillary blood samples taken in three different ways. Blood samples were (a) venous blood, (b) the first and second drops of capillary blood from the middle finger of the right hand (only washed with soap and water), and (c) the first and second drops of capillary blood from the middle finger of the left hand (washed with soap and water and cleaned with alcohol). It was concluded that the fasting capillary blood glucose values could be used in place of venous blood glucose values, that only washing the hands with neutral soap and water for 30 s could be sufficient for capillary blood glucose measurement, and that the first or second blood drop from a clean hand could be used for capillary blood glucose measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eda Ergın
- 1 Manisa Celal Bayar University, Turkey
| | | | - Zeki Arı
- 1 Manisa Celal Bayar University, Turkey
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Fan S, Zou J, Xue Y, Liu P, Wu G, Zhao R. [Detection method of phthalate esters and their metabolites in blood]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2017; 46:309-317. [PMID: 29903113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A method for determination of phthalate esters and their metabolites in blood by using SPE-ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. METHODS A stable isotope detection method been developed for the determination of 20 kinds of phthalate esters and 6 kinds of phthalate esters metabolites in blood by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry( UPLC-MS) coupled with SPE column purification. Blood samples were diluted with acetate buffer( pH5. 2), enzymatic hydrolyzed by β-glucuronidase for 12 h, then purified with HLB column. An ACQUITYBEH Phenyl column( 2. 1 mm ×100 mm, 1. 7 μm) was used for separation by the gradient elution with acetonitrile and aqueous solution containing 0. 02% formic acid as the mobile phases. In the present study, an electrospray ionization( ESI) source was used, and the internal standard method was used for quantitation. RESULTS The linear ranges of the 26 analytes were from 1. 0- 20. 0 μg/L, the coefficients of correlation were greater than 0. 995. The limits of detection( LODs) of the 26 analytes were all lower than1. 0 μg/L. Recoveries studies were carried out using serum samples fortified with the 26 analytes at the levels of 2. 5, 5. 0 and 10. 0 μg/L, recoveries were obtained in the range of63. 0%- 97. 7% with relative standard deviations( RSDs) from 1. 9% to 19. 1%. CONCLUSION The established method is accurate and highly sensitive, and can be used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the residues of the phthalate esters and their metabolites in the blood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Fan
- Beijing Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Jianhong Zou
- Beijing Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Ying Xue
- Beijing Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Beijing Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Guohua Wu
- Beijing Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Rong Zhao
- Beijing Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, China
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Perez-Gonzalez VH, Gallo-Villanueva RC, Camacho-Leon S, Gomez-Quiñones JI, Rodriguez-Delgado JM, Martinez-Chapa SO. Emerging microfluidic devices for cancer cells/biomarkers manipulation and detection. IET Nanobiotechnol 2016; 10:263-275. [PMID: 27676373 PMCID: PMC8676477 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2015.0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) are active participants in the metastasis process and account for ∼90% of all cancer deaths. As CTCs are admixed with a very large amount of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets in blood, CTCs are very rare, making their isolation, capture, and detection a major technological challenge. Microfluidic technologies have opened-up new opportunities for the screening of blood samples and the detection of CTCs or other important cancer biomarker-proteins. In this study, the authors have reviewed the most recent developments in microfluidic devices for cells/biomarkers manipulation and detection, focusing their attention on immunomagnetic-affinity-based devices, dielectrophoresis-based devices, surface-plasmon-resonance microfluidic sensors, and quantum-dots-based sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo Perez-Gonzalez
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Avenue Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey, Mexico
| | | | - Sergio Camacho-Leon
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Avenue Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Jose Isabel Gomez-Quiñones
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Avenue Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey, Mexico
| | | | - Sergio Omar Martinez-Chapa
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Avenue Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey, Mexico.
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Wu X, Xia Y, Huang Y, Li J, Ruan H, Chen T, Luo L, Shen Z, Wu A. Improved SERS-Active Nanoparticles with Various Shapes for CTC Detection without Enrichment Process with Supersensitivity and High Specificity. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:19928-38. [PMID: 27434820 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b07205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have received more and more attention in medical biology and clinical practice, especially diagnosis, prognosis, and cancer treatment monitoring. The detection of CTCs within the large number of healthy blood cells is a big challenge due to their rarity, which requires a detection method with supersensitivity and high specificity. In this study, we developed three kinds of new nanoparticles with the function of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based on spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), gold nanorods (AuNRs), and gold nanostars (AuNSs) with similar particle size, similar modifications, and different shapes for CTC detection without an enrichment process from the blood. The nanoparticles possess strong SERS signal due to modification of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) (i.e., Raman reporter molecule), possess excellent specificity due to stabilization of reductive bovine serum albumin (rBSA) to reduce the nonspecific catching or uptake by healthy cells in blood, and possess high sensitivity due to conjugation of folic acid (FA) (i.e., a targeted ligand) to identify CTCs. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the results of detection demonstrate that these nanoparticles could all be utilized for CTC detection without enrichment process from the blood with high specificity, and the AuNS-MBA-rBSA-FA is the best one due to its supersensitivity, whose limit of detection (i.e., 1 cell/mL) is much lower than the currently reported lowest value (5 cells/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanzhi Xia
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Youju Huang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianxiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Luo
- College of Sciences, Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheyu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province & Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
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Harms HJ, Huisman MC, Rijnierse MT, Greuter H, Hsieh YL, de Haan S, Schuit RC, Knaapen P, Lubberink M, Lammertsma AA. Noninvasive Quantification of Myocardial 11C-Meta-Hydroxyephedrine Kinetics. J Nucl Med 2016; 57:1376-81. [PMID: 27230922 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.167437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED (11)C-meta-hydroxyephedrine ((11)C-HED) kinetics in the myocardium can be quantified using a single-tissue-compartment model together with a metabolite-corrected arterial blood sampler input function (BSIF). The need for arterial blood sampling, however, limits clinical applicability. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of replacing arterial sampling with imaging-derived input function (IDIF) and venous blood samples. METHODS Twenty patients underwent 60-min dynamic (11)C-HED PET/CT scans with online arterial blood sampling. Thirteen of these patients also underwent venous blood sampling. Data were reconstructed using both 3-dimensional row-action maximum-likelihood algorithm (3DR) and a time-of-flight (TF) list-mode reconstruction algorithm. For each reconstruction, IDIF results were compared with BSIF results. In addition, IDIF results obtained with venous blood samples and with a transformed venous-to-arterial metabolite correction were compared with results obtained with arterial metabolite corrections. RESULTS Correlations between IDIF- and BSIF-derived K1 and VT were high (r(2) > =0.89 for 3DR and TF). Slopes of the linear fits were significantly different from 1 for K1, for both 3DR (slope = 0.94) and TF (slope = 1.06). For VT, the slope of the linear fit was different from 1 for TF (slope = 0.93) but not for 3DR (slope = 0.98). Use of venous blood data introduced a large bias in VT (r(2) = 0.96, slope = 0.84) and a small bias in K1 (r(2) = 0.99, slope = 0.98). Use of a second-order polynomial venous-to-arterial transformation was robust and greatly reduced bias in VT (r(2) = 0.97, slope = 0.99) with no effect on K1 CONCLUSION: IDIF yielded precise results for both 3DR and TF. Venous blood samples can be used for absolute quantification of (11)C-HED studies, provided a venous-to-arterial transformation is applied. A venous-to-arterial transformation enables noninvasive, absolute quantification of (11)C-HED studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik J Harms
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marc C Huisman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mischa T Rijnierse
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henri Greuter
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Stefan de Haan
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert C Schuit
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Knaapen
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Lubberink
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Nuclear Medicine and PET, Uppsala University, Akademiska sjukhuset, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Adriaan A Lammertsma
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Abián P, Del Coso J, Salinero JJ, Gallo-Salazar C, Areces F, Ruiz-Vicente D, Lara B, Soriano L, Muñoz V, Lorenzo-Capella I, Abián-Vicén J. Muscle damage produced during a simulated badminton match in competitive male players. Res Sports Med 2015; 24:104-17. [PMID: 26252887 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2015.1076416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to assess the occurrence of muscle damage after a simulated badminton match and its influence on physical and haematological parameters. Sixteen competitive male badminton players participated in the study. Before and just after a 45-min simulated badminton match, maximal isometric force and badminton-specific running/movement velocity were measured to assess muscle fatigue. Blood samples were also obtained before and after the match. The badminton match did not affect maximal isometric force or badminton-specific velocity. Blood volume and plasma volume were significantly reduced during the match and consequently haematite, leucocyte, and platelet counts significantly increased. Blood myoglobin and creatine kinase concentrations increased from 26.5 ± 11.6 to 197.3 ± 70.2 µg·L(-1) and from 258.6 ± 192.2 to 466.0 ± 296.5 U·L(-1), respectively. In conclusion, a simulated badminton match modified haematological parameters of whole blood and serum blood that indicate the occurrence of muscle fibre damage. However, the level of muscle damage did not produce decreased muscle performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Abián
- a Faculty of Sciences for Physical Activity and Sport (INEF) , Polytechnic University of Madrid , Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Del Coso
- b Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology Laboratory , Sport Science Institute, Camilo José Cela University , Madrid , Spain
| | - Juan José Salinero
- b Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology Laboratory , Sport Science Institute, Camilo José Cela University , Madrid , Spain
| | - César Gallo-Salazar
- b Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology Laboratory , Sport Science Institute, Camilo José Cela University , Madrid , Spain
| | - Francisco Areces
- b Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology Laboratory , Sport Science Institute, Camilo José Cela University , Madrid , Spain
| | - Diana Ruiz-Vicente
- b Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology Laboratory , Sport Science Institute, Camilo José Cela University , Madrid , Spain
| | - Beatriz Lara
- b Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology Laboratory , Sport Science Institute, Camilo José Cela University , Madrid , Spain
| | - Lidón Soriano
- b Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology Laboratory , Sport Science Institute, Camilo José Cela University , Madrid , Spain
| | - Victor Muñoz
- c Exercise Training Laboratory , University of Castilla-La Mancha , Toledo , Spain
| | - Irma Lorenzo-Capella
- b Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology Laboratory , Sport Science Institute, Camilo José Cela University , Madrid , Spain
| | - Javier Abián-Vicén
- b Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology Laboratory , Sport Science Institute, Camilo José Cela University , Madrid , Spain
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