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Al-Naimi MS, Rasheed HA, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI. Berberine attenuates olanzapine induced-metabolic syndrome. J PAK MED ASSOC 2019; 69(Suppl 3):S88-S92. [PMID: 31603885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the protective effect of berberine on olanzapine induced-metabolic syndrome. METHODS This prospective experimental study involved thirty Sprague-Dawley male rats which were divided into three groups. Group A (n=10): Rats treated with distilled water, Group B (n=10): Rats treated with olanzapine, Group C (n=10): Rats treated with olanzapine plus berberine. The duration of the study was 8 weeks, baseline and follow up data were evaluated. Fasting blood glucose(FBG) total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), Low density lipoprotein (LDL), atherogenic index of plasma (AI), fasting serum insulin level, insulin resistance, β- cell function and insulin sensitivity were evaluated.SPSS 20. RESULTS Olanzepine led to significant deterioration in gluco-metabolic profile compared with control P<0.01. Olanzapine plus berberine improved body weight, FBG, FSI, HOMA-IR and QUICKI compared with olanzapine P=0.0001. CONCLUSIONS Berberine attenuates olanzapine induced-metabolic via amelioration of gluco-lipid disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Salih Al-Naimi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medicine and Therapeutic, Al- Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Huda Abdulbaki Rasheed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medicine and Therapeutic, Al- Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medicine and Therapeutic, Al- Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medicine and Therapeutic, Al- Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
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102
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Li G, Chan YL, Sukjamnong S, Anwer AG, Vindin H, Padula M, Zakarya R, George J, Oliver BG, Saad S, Chen H. A Mitochondrial Specific Antioxidant Reverses Metabolic Dysfunction and Fatty Liver Induced by Maternal Cigarette Smoke in Mice. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071669. [PMID: 31330878 PMCID: PMC6682890 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal smoking leads to glucose and lipid metabolic disorders and hepatic damage in the offspring, potentially due to mitochondrial oxidative stress. Mitoquinone mesylate (MitoQ) is a mitochondrial targeted antioxidant with high bioavailability. This study aimed to examine the impact of maternal cigarette smoke exposure (SE) on offspring’s metabolic profile and hepatic damage, and whether maternal MitoQ supplementation during gestation can affect these changes. Female Balb/c mice (eight weeks) were either exposed to air or SE for six weeks prior to mating and throughout gestation and lactation. A subset of the SE dams were supplied with MitoQ in the drinking water (500 µmol/L) during gestation and lactation. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test was performed in the male offspring at 12 weeks and the livers and plasma were collected at 13 weeks. Maternal SE induced glucose intolerance, hepatic steatosis, mitochondrial oxidative stress and related damage in the adult offspring. Maternal MitoQ supplementation reduced hepatic mitochondrial oxidative stress and improved markers of mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. This may restore hepatic mitochondrial health and was associated with an amelioration of glucose intolerance, hepatic steatosis and pathological changes induced by maternal SE. MitoQ supplementation may potentially prevent metabolic dysfunction and hepatic pathology induced by intrauterine SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Li
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Yik Lung Chan
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia
| | - Suporn Sukjamnong
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Pathum Wan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Ayad G Anwer
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Howard Vindin
- Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia
| | - Matthew Padula
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Razia Zakarya
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia
| | - Brian G Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia
| | - Sonia Saad
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
- Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China.
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103
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Joly F, Ahmed-Lecheheb D, Thiery-Vuillemin A, Orillard E, Coquan E. [Side effects of chemotherapy for testicular cancers and post-cancer follow-up]. Bull Cancer 2019; 106:805-811. [PMID: 31171345 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Testicular cancers are the most frequent and the most curable cancers in young men. Treatments of these cancers represent a great success with cure rate over to 95 %. However, chemotherapy side effects may occur during or after several years post-treatment. This review aimed to highlight complications and physical and psychological side effects occurring mainly after chemotherapy treatment for testicular cancer, and to propose a personalized post-cancer plan specific for patients treated for testicular cancer. Treatments of these cancers can cause short-term complications (asthenia, nausea, vomiting, alopecia..). These side effects disappear within a few months after the end of the treatments. Late complications may occur several years post-treatment. Cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome and secondary neoplasia represent the most severe late effects among patients treated for testicular cancer. Given the increased incidence of these chemotherapy-induced side effects, it is indispensable to establish a specific follow up which must include a particular vigilance on the risk of occurrence of second cancer, a follow-up of the cardio-vascular risk factors, pulmonary and auditory follow-up, and early detection of psychosocial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Joly
- UNICANCER, Centre François Baclesse, Clinical Research Department and Medical Department, avenue général Harris, 14076 Caen, France; Inserm, U1086, 14076 Caen, France; Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-S1077, 14000 Caen, France; CHU de Caen, Department of Oncology, 14000 Caen, France.
| | - Djihane Ahmed-Lecheheb
- UNICANCER, Centre François Baclesse, Clinical Research Department and Medical Department, avenue général Harris, 14076 Caen, France; Inserm, U1086, 14076 Caen, France
| | | | - Emeline Orillard
- CHU Jean-Minjoz, Département Oncologie médicale, Boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Elodie Coquan
- UNICANCER, Centre François Baclesse, Clinical Research Department and Medical Department, avenue général Harris, 14076 Caen, France
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Skurikhin EG, Pershina OV, Pakhomova AV, Pan ES, Krupin VA, Ermakova NN, Vaizova OE, Pozdeeva AS, Zhukova MA, Skurikhina VE, Grimm WD, Dygai AM. Endothelial Progenitor Cells as Pathogenetic and Diagnostic Factors, and Potential Targets for GLP-1 in Combination with Metabolic Syndrome and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051105. [PMID: 30836679 PMCID: PMC6429267 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In clinical practice, there are patients with a combination of metabolic syndrome (MS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The pathological mechanisms linking MS and COPD are largely unknown. It remains unclear whether the effect of MS (possible obesity) has a major impact on the progression of COPD. This complicates the development of effective approaches for the treatment of patients with a diagnosis of MS and COPD. Experiments were performed on female C57BL/6 mice. Introduction of monosodium glutamate and extract of cigarette smoke was modeled to simulate the combined pathology of lipid disorders and emphysema. Biological effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and GLP-1 on endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in vitro and in vivo were evaluated. Histological, immunohistochemical methods, biochemical methods, cytometric analysis of markers identifying EPC were used in the study. The CD31⁺ endothelial cells in vitro evaluation was produced by Flow Cytometry and Image Processing of each well with a Cytation™ 3. GLP-1 reduces the area of emphysema and increases the number of CD31⁺ endothelial cells in the lungs of mice in conditions of dyslipidemia and damage to alveolar tissue of cigarette smoke extract. The regenerative effects of GLP-1 are caused by a decrease in inflammation, a positive effect on lipid metabolism and glucose metabolism. EPC are proposed as pathogenetic and diagnostic markers of endothelial disorders in combination of MS with COPD. Based on GLP-1, it is proposed to create a drug to stimulate the regeneration of endothelium damaged in MS and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenii Germanovich Skurikhin
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634028, Russia.
| | - Olga Victorovna Pershina
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634028, Russia.
| | - Angelina Vladimirovna Pakhomova
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634028, Russia.
| | - Edgar Sergeevich Pan
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634028, Russia.
| | - Vyacheslav Andreevich Krupin
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634028, Russia.
| | - Natalia Nicolaevna Ermakova
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634028, Russia.
| | | | | | | | | | - Wolf-Dieter Grimm
- Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, 355035 Stavropol, Germany.
| | - Alexander Mikhaylovich Dygai
- Laboratory of Regenerative Pharmacology, Goldberg ED Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634028, Russia.
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105
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Shim YH, Ock JW, Kim YJ, Kim Y, Kim SY, Kang D. Association between Heavy Metals, Bisphenol A, Volatile Organic Compounds and Phthalates and Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16040671. [PMID: 30823556 PMCID: PMC6406723 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16040671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), which causes heart disease and stroke, has increased significantly worldwide. Although many studies have revealed the relationship between heavy metals (cadmium, mercury, and lead), the sum of metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and MetS, the results remain inconsistent. No study has reported the association between various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and phthalate metabolites with MetS. This cross-sectional study of a representative sample of adult South Koreans aimed to evaluate the relationship between heavy metals, VOC metabolites, phthalate metabolites, bisphenol A and MetS after adjusting for demographic variables. Data from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey II (2012–2014) (n = 5251) were used in the analysis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed for MetS with log-transformed hazardous material quartiles after covariate adjustment. Urine muconic acid (MuA) and mono- (2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) levels were significantly associated with MetS after adjusting for confounders (odds ratio: 1.34 and 1.39, respectively). Urine MuA and MEHHP levels were significantly associated with MetS. Because of the rarity of this study, which investigated the relationship between each VOC and phthalate metabolite with MetS and the strict definition of all indirect measures of MetS components, further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hwa Shim
- Department of Premedicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Korea.
| | - Jung Won Ock
- Department of Premedicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Korea.
| | - Yoon-Ji Kim
- Department of Preventive, and Occupational & Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Korea.
| | - Youngki Kim
- Department of Preventive, and Occupational & Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Korea.
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Korea.
| | - Se Yeong Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Korea.
| | - Dongmug Kang
- Department of Preventive, and Occupational & Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Korea.
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 50612, Korea.
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106
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Shu L, Meng Q, Diamante G, Tsai B, Chen YW, Mikhail A, Luk H, Ritz B, Allard P, Yang X. Prenatal Bisphenol A Exposure in Mice Induces Multitissue Multiomics Disruptions Linking to Cardiometabolic Disorders. Endocrinology 2019; 160:409-429. [PMID: 30566610 PMCID: PMC6349005 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The health impacts of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) remain debated, and their tissue and molecular targets are poorly understood. In this study, we leveraged systems biology approaches to assess the target tissues, molecular pathways, and gene regulatory networks associated with prenatal exposure to the model EDC bisphenol A (BPA). Prenatal BPA exposure at 5 mg/kg/d, a dose below most reported no-observed-adverse-effect levels, led to tens to thousands of transcriptomic and methylomic alterations in the adipose, hypothalamus, and liver tissues in male offspring in mice, with cross-tissue perturbations in lipid metabolism as well as tissue-specific alterations in histone subunits, glucose metabolism, and extracellular matrix. Network modeling prioritized main molecular targets of BPA, including Pparg, Hnf4a, Esr1, Srebf1, and Fasn as well as numerous less studied targets such as Cyp51 and long noncoding RNAs across tissues, Fa2h in hypothalamus, and Nfya in adipose tissue. Lastly, integrative analyses identified the association of BPA molecular signatures with cardiometabolic phenotypes in mouse and human. Our multitissue, multiomics investigation provides strong evidence that BPA perturbs diverse molecular networks in central and peripheral tissues and offers insights into the molecular targets that link BPA to human cardiometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Shu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Qingying Meng
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Graciel Diamante
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Brandon Tsai
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yen-Wei Chen
- Molecular Toxicology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Andrew Mikhail
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Helen Luk
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Institute for Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Patrick Allard
- Molecular Toxicology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Institute for Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Molecular Toxicology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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107
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Lee SH, Kim MJ, Kim YS, Chun H, Won BY, Lee JH, Han K, Rim KS, Park KC. Low hair copper concentration is related to a high risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adults. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 50:28-33. [PMID: 30262292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Copper, an essential micronutrient, is required for lipid metabolism, mitochondrial function, iron metabolism, and antioxidant defense. Copper deficiency has been linked to alterations in lipid metabolism and various metabolic processes of the liver, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, most of these studies relied on copper measurements in the blood or tissues. In this study, we investigated the association between hair copper concentration and NAFLD in Korean adults, independent of metabolic syndrome status. Clinical and laboratory parameters, including factors of metabolic syndrome, were analyzed in 751 Korean adults divided into quintiles, according to hair copper concentration. Lower hair copper concentration was significantly correlated with higher body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Subjects with NAFLD showed significantly lower hair copper concentrations, and the risk of NAFLD was significantly higher for the lower hair copper quintile groups even after adjusting for metabolic syndrome-related factors. Overall, this study suggests that lower hair copper concentration could be associated with NAFLD, independent of metabolic syndrome factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Hyun Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Jong Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sang Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Chun
- Department of Family Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Youn Won
- Department of Family Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hepatology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Kunhee Han
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Seonam Hospital, Seoul 08049, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Sung Rim
- Health Promotion Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chae Park
- Health Promotion Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea.
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108
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Oliveira PS, Chaves VC, Soares MSP, Bona NP, Mendonça LT, Carvalho FB, Gutierres JM, Vasconcellos FA, Vizzotto M, Vieira A, Spanevello RM, Reginatto FH, Lencina CL, Stefanello FM. Southern Brazilian native fruit shows neurochemical, metabolic and behavioral benefits in an animal model of metabolic syndrome. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:1551-1562. [PMID: 29882020 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0262-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we evaluated the effects of Psidium cattleianum (Red Type) (PcRT) fruit extract on metabolic, behavioral, and neurochemical parameters in rats fed with a highly palatable diet (HPD) consisted of sucrose (65% carbohydrates being 34% from condensed milk, 8% from sucrose and 23% from starch, 25% protein and 10% fat). Animals were divided into 4 groups: standard chow, standard chow + PcRT extract (200 mg/Kg/day by gavage), HPD, HPD + extract. The animals were treated for 150 days. Concerning chemical profiling, LC/PDA/MS/MS analysis revealed cyanidin-3-O-glucoside as the only anthocyanin in the PcRT extract. Our results showed that the animals exposed to HPD presented glucose intolerance, increased weight gain and visceral fat, as well as higher serum levels of glucose, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and interleukin-6. These alterations were prevented by PcRT. In addition, HPD caused an increase in immobility time in a forced swimming test and the fruit extract prevented this alteration, indicating an antidepressant-like effect. PcRT treatment also prevented increased acetylcholinesterase activity in the prefrontal cortex caused by HPD consumption. Moreover, PcRT extract was able to restore Ca2+-ATPase activity in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum, as well as Na+,K+-ATPase activity in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. PcRT treatment decreased thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, nitrite, and reactive oxygen species levels and prevented the reduction of superoxide dismutase activity in all cerebral structures of the HPD group. Additionally, HPD decreased catalase in the hippocampus and striatum. However, the extract prevented this change in the hippocampus. Our results showed that this berry extract has antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects, and neuroprotective properties, proving to be a potential therapeutic agent for individuals with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pathise Souto Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Vitor Clasen Chaves
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Mayara Sandrielly Pereira Soares
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Natália Pontes Bona
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Lorenço Torres Mendonça
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Barbosa Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jessié Martins Gutierres
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávia Aleixo Vasconcellos
- Laboratório de Química Aplicada a Bioativos, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcia Vizzotto
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Clima Temperado, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Andriele Vieira
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Roselia Maria Spanevello
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávio Henrique Reginatto
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Claiton Leoneti Lencina
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Francieli Moro Stefanello
- Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, CEP, Capão do Leão, RS, 96160-000, Brazil.
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109
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Sun S, Hanzawa F, Umeki M, Ikeda S, Mochizuki S, Oda H. Time-restricted feeding suppresses excess sucrose-induced plasma and liver lipid accumulation in rats. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201261. [PMID: 30110343 PMCID: PMC6093648 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology of metabolic syndrome involves several complicated factors. One of the main factors contributing to metabolic syndrome has been proposed to be excessive intake of sucrose, which disturbs hepatic lipid metabolism, resulting in fatty liver. However, the mechanism by which sucrose induces fatty liver remains to be elucidated. Considering feeding behavior important for metabolism, we investigated whether time-restricted feeding of high sucrose diet (HSD), only in the active phase (the dark phase of the daily light/dark cycle), would ameliorate adverse effects of sucrose on lipid homeostasis in rats. Male Wistar rats, fed either an ad libitum (ad lib.) or time-restricted control starch diet (CD) or HSD were investigated. Rats fed ad lib. (CD and HSD) completed approximately 20% of food intake in the daytime. Time-restricted feeding did not significantly suppress total food intake of rats. However, time-restricted feeding of HSD significantly suppressed the increased plasma triglyceride levels. Moreover, time-restricted feeding also ameliorated HSD-induced liver lipid accumulation, whereas circadian oscillations of liver clock gene or transcriptional factor gene expression for lipid metabolism were not altered significantly. These results demonstrated that restricting sucrose intake only during the active phase in rats ameliorates the abnormal lipid metabolism caused by excess sucrose intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Sun
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Hanzawa
- Department of Nutritional Science, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nisshin, Japan
| | - Miki Umeki
- Faculty of Education and Welfare Science, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Saiko Ikeda
- Department of Nutritional Science, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nisshin, Japan
| | - Satoshi Mochizuki
- Faculty of Education and Welfare Science, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Oda
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Li J, He X, Yang Y, Li M, Xu C, Yu R. Risk assessment of silica nanoparticles on liver injury in metabolic syndrome mice induced by fructose. Sci Total Environ 2018; 628-629:366-374. [PMID: 29448021 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the effects and the mechanisms of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) on hepatotoxicity in both normal and metabolic syndrome mouse models induced by fructose. Here, we found that SiNPs exposure lead to improved insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome mice, but markedly worsened hepatic ballooning, inflammation infiltration, and fibrosis. Moreover, SiNPs exposure aggravated liver injury in metabolic syndrome mice by causing serious DNA damage. Following SiNPs exposure, liver superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in metabolic syndrome mice were stimulated, which is accompanied by significantly increased malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine levels as compared to normal mice. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed that SiNPs were more readily deposited in the liver mitochondria of metabolic syndrome mice, resulting in more severe mitochondrial injury as compared to normal mice. We speculated that SiNPs-induced mitochondrial injury might be the cause of hepatic oxidative stress, which further lead to a series of liver lesions as observed in mice following SiNPs exposure. Based on these results, it is likely that SiNPs will increase the risk and severity of liver disease in individuals with metabolic syndrome. Therefore, SiNPs should be used cautiously in food additives and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Chenke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Dusanov S, Ruzzin J, Kiviranta H, Klemsdal TO, Retterstøl L, Rantakokko P, Airaksinen R, Djurovic S, Tonstad S. Associations between persistent organic pollutants and metabolic syndrome in morbidly obese individuals. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:735-742. [PMID: 29699815 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Persons with "metabolically healthy" obesity may develop cardiometabolic complications at a lower rate than equally obese persons with evident metabolic syndrome. Even morbidly obese individuals vary in risk profile. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are widespread environmental chemicals that impair metabolic homeostasis. We explored whether prevalence of metabolic syndrome in morbidly obese individuals is associated with serum concentrations of POPs. METHODS AND RESULTS A cross-sectional study among 161 men and 270 women with BMI >35 kg/m2 and comorbidity, or >40 kg/m2. Circulating concentrations of 15 POPs were stratified by number of metabolic syndrome components. In multiple logistic regression analysis odds ratios between top quartile POPs and metabolic risk factors versus POPs below the top quartile were calculated adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption and cholesterol concentrations. Age-adjusted concentrations of trans-nonachlor and dioxin-like and non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) increased with number of metabolic syndrome components in both genders (p < 0.001), while the organochlorine pesticides HCB, β-HCH and p,p'DDE increased only in women (p < 0.008). Organochlorine pesticides in the top quartile were associated with metabolic syndrome as were dioxin-like and non-dioxin-like PCBs (OR 2.3 [95% CI 1.3-4.0]; OR 2.5 [95% CI 1.3-4.8] and 2.0 [95% CI 1.1-3.8], respectively). Organochlorine pesticides were associated with HDL cholesterol and glucose (OR = 2.0 [95% CI = 1.1-3.4]; 2.4 [95% CI = 1.4-4.0], respectively). Dioxin-like PCBs were associated with diastolic blood pressure, glucose and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance index (OR = 2.0 [95% CI = 1.1-3.6], 2.1 [95% CI = 1.2-3.6] and 2.1 [95% CI = 1.0-4.3], respectively). CONCLUSION In subjects with morbid obesity, metabolic syndrome was related to circulating levels of organochlorine pesticides and PCBs suggesting that these compounds aggravate clinically relevant complications of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dusanov
- Section for Preventive Cardiology, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.b. 4956 Nydalen, N-0424, Oslo, Norway.
| | - J Ruzzin
- Department of Biology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - H Kiviranta
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, THL, Department of Health Security, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701, Kuopio, Finland
| | - T O Klemsdal
- Section for Preventive Cardiology, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.b. 4956 Nydalen, N-0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - L Retterstøl
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - P Rantakokko
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, THL, Department of Health Security, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701, Kuopio, Finland
| | - R Airaksinen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, THL, Department of Health Security, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701, Kuopio, Finland
| | - S Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - S Tonstad
- Section for Preventive Cardiology, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.b. 4956 Nydalen, N-0424, Oslo, Norway
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Sun L, Marin de Evsikova C, Bian K, Achille A, Telles E, Pei H, Seto E. Programming and Regulation of Metabolic Homeostasis by HDAC11. EBioMedicine 2018; 33:157-168. [PMID: 29958910 PMCID: PMC6085537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that regulate protein functions by catalyzing the removal of acetyl and acyl groups from lysine residues. They play pivotal roles in governing cell behaviors and are indispensable in numerous biological processes. HDAC11, the last identified and sole member of class IV HDACs, was reported over a decade ago. However, its physiological function remains poorly understood. Here, we report that HDAC11 knockout mice are resistant to high-fat diet-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome, suggesting that HDAC11 functions as a crucial metabolic regulator. Depletion of HDAC11 significantly enhanced insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, attenuated hypercholesterolemia, and decreased hepatosteatosis and liver damage. Mechanistically, HDAC11 deficiency boosts energy expenditure through promoting thermogenic capacity, which attributes to the elevation of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression and activity in brown adipose tissue. Moreover, loss of HDAC11 activates the adiponectin-AdipoR-AMPK pathway in the liver, which may contribute to a reversal in hepatosteatosis. Overall, our findings distinguish HDAC11 as a novel regulator of obesity, with potentially important implications for obesity-related disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Sun
- George Washington University Cancer Center, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | | | - Ka Bian
- George Washington University Cancer Center, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Alexandra Achille
- Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | | | - Huadong Pei
- George Washington University Cancer Center, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Edward Seto
- George Washington University Cancer Center, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
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Villegas-Romero M, Castrejón-Téllez V, Pérez-Torres I, Rubio-Ruiz ME, Carreón-Torres E, Díaz-Díaz E, Del Valle-Mondragón L, Guarner-Lans V. Short-Term Exposure to High Sucrose Levels near Weaning Has a Similar Long-Lasting Effect on Hypertension as a Long-Term Exposure in Rats. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10060728. [PMID: 29882756 PMCID: PMC6024587 DOI: 10.3390/nu10060728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse conditions during early developmental stages permanently modify the metabolic function of organisms through epigenetic changes. Exposure to high sugar diets during gestation and/or lactation affects susceptibility to metabolic syndrome or hypertension in adulthood. The effect of a high sugar diet for shorter time lapses remains unclear. Here we studied the effect of short-term sucrose ingestion near weaning (postnatal days 12 and 28) (STS) and its effect after long-term ingestion, for a period of seven months (LTS) in rats. Rats receiving sucrose for seven months develop metabolic syndrome (MS). The mechanisms underlying hypertension in this model and those that underlie the effects of short-term exposure have not been studied. We explore NO and endothelin-1 concentration, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression, fatty acid participation and the involvement of oxidative stress (OS) after LTS and STS. Blood pressure increased to similar levels in adult rats that received sucrose during short- and long-term glucose exposure. The endothelin-1 concentration increased only in LTS rats. eNOS and SOD2 expression determined by Western blot and total antioxidant capacity were diminished in both groups. Saturated fatty acids and arachidonic acid were only decreased in LTS rats. In conclusion, a high-sugar diet during STS increases the hypertension predisposition in adulthood to as high a level as LTS, and the mechanisms involved have similarities (participation of OS and eNOS and SOD expression) and differences (fatty acids and arachidonic acid only participate in LTS and an elevated level of endothelin-1 was only found in LTS) in both conditions. Changes in the diet during short exposure times in early developmental stages have long-lasting effects in determining hypertension susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Villegas-Romero
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| | - Vicente Castrejón-Téllez
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| | - Israel Pérez-Torres
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| | - María Esther Rubio-Ruiz
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| | - Elizabeth Carreón-Torres
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| | - Eulises Díaz-Díaz
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Vasco de Quiroga 15, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14000, Mexico.
| | - Leonardo Del Valle-Mondragón
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| | - Verónica Guarner-Lans
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
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Bruno A, Pandolfo G, Crucitti M, Troili GM, Spina E, Zoccali RA, Muscatello MRA. Red Yeast Rice (RYR) supplementation in patients treated with second-generation antipsychotics. Complement Ther Med 2018; 37:167-171. [PMID: 29609929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) have a negative impact on metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors for their effects on body weight and on metabolic parameters. Statins are widely used in the treatment of dyslipidemia; less is known on the ability of statins to treat SGAs-induced dyslipidemia, and nutraceutical approaches may represent promising strategies in SGAs-treated patients. Red Yeast Rice (RYR), the fermented product of the Aspergillaceae mold Monascus purpureus (red yeast) grown on white rice, has been shown to have a cholesterol-lowering effect which can be ascribed to monacolin K, although other active compounds may play a role management of hyperlipidemia. The present study was aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of RYR treatment on clinical and metabolic parameters in a sample of subjects receiving SGAs. METHODS Fifteen outpatients treated with SGAs assumed RYR at the oral daily dose of 200 mg/day (total monacolin K = 11.88 mg) for 30 days. Fasting levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose were determined. RESULTS RYR administration resulted in a statistically significant reduction of LDL (p = 0.029), corresponding to 11.0% decrease from baseline mean value. No significant differences in clinical and in other and metabolic parameters were observed. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that RYR, at the daily dose of 200 mg for 30 days, could be a promising agent to prevent and/or treat SGAs-induced hyperlipidemia. However, future adequately-powered and well-designed studies with long-term follow-up should evaluate RYR effectiveness, as an alternative option to statins, on the SGAs-induced metabolic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Bruno
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, Messina, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Pandolfo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, Messina, Italy
| | - Manuela Crucitti
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, Messina, Italy
| | - Giulia Maria Troili
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, Messina, Italy
| | - Edoardo Spina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, Messina, Italy
| | - Rocco Antonio Zoccali
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Anna Muscatello
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, Messina, Italy
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Echecopar-Sabogal J, D'Angelo-Piaggio L, Chanamé-Baca DM, Ugarte-Gil C. Association between the use of protease inhibitors in highly active antiretroviral therapy and incidence of diabetes mellitus and/or metabolic syndrome in HIV-infected patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J STD AIDS 2018; 29:443-452. [PMID: 28956700 DOI: 10.1177/0956462417732226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis tries to determine whether there is an association between the use of protease inhibitors (PIs) and the incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and/or metabolic syndrome (MS) in HIV-infected patients. A systematic literature search was performed using MEDLINE/PubMed, CENTRAL, LILACS, and EMBASE. Included articles were observational studies published on or prior to November 2015 that met specific inclusion criteria. Pooled relative risks (RRs) and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated. Nine articles met the inclusion criteria, describing 13,742 HIV patients. Use of PIs was associated with the development of MS (RR: 2.11; 95% CI 1.28-3.48; p-value 0.003). No association between the use of PIs and development of DM was found: the HR for the incidence of DM among patients using PIs was 1.23 (95% CI 0.66-2.30; p-value: 0.51) and the RR was 1.25 (95% CI 0.99-1.58; p-value 0.06). Use of PIs in HIV-infected patients is associated with an increased risk of MS. No evidence of an increased risk of DM was found. However, because MS is a precursor to DM, it is possible that studies with a longer follow-up duration are needed in order to detect an association between PI use and onset of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Diego M Chanamé-Baca
- 1 Escuela de Medicina, 471960 Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas , Lima, Perú
| | - Cesar Ugarte-Gil
- 1 Escuela de Medicina, 471960 Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas , Lima, Perú
- 2 Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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116
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Younis W, Schini-Kerth VB, Junior AG, Majid M. Cardioprotective effect of Asphodelus tenuifolius Cav. on blood pressure and metabolic alterations in glucose-induced metabolic syndrome rats-An ethnopharmacological approach. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 214:168-178. [PMID: 29225118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Younis
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research and Integrative Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - V B Schini-Kerth
- UMR CNRS 7213, Laboratory of Biophotonics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), P.O. Box 533, 79.804-970, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Muhammad Majid
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam, University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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117
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Kors L, Rampanelli E, Stokman G, Butter LM, Held NM, Claessen N, Larsen PWB, Verheij J, Zuurbier CJ, Liebisch G, Schmitz G, Girardin SE, Florquin S, Houtkooper RH, Leemans JC. Deletion of NLRX1 increases fatty acid metabolism and prevents diet-induced hepatic steatosis and metabolic syndrome. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018. [PMID: 29514047 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
NOD-like receptor (NLR)X1 (NLRX1) is an ubiquitously expressed inflammasome-independent NLR that is uniquely localized in mitochondria with as yet unknown effects on metabolic diseases. Here, we report that NLRX1 is essential in regulating cellular metabolism in non-immune parenchymal hepatocytes by decreasing mitochondrial fatty acid-dependent oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and promoting glycolysis. NLRX1 loss in mice has a profound impact on the prevention of diet-induced metabolic syndrome parameters, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression, and renal dysfunction. Despite enhanced caloric intake, NLRX1 deletion in mice fed a western diet (WD) results in protection from liver steatosis, hepatic fibrosis, obesity, insulin resistance, glycosuria and kidney dysfunction parameters independent from inflammation. While mitochondrial content was equal, NLRX1 loss in hepatocytes leads to increased fatty acid oxidation and decreased steatosis. In contrast, glycolysis was decreased in NLRX1-deficient cells versus controls. Thus, although first implicated in immune regulation, we show that NLRX1 function extends to the control of hepatocyte energy metabolism via the restriction of mitochondrial fatty acid-dependent OXPHOS and enhancement of glycolysis. As such NLRX1 may be an attractive novel therapeutic target for NAFLD and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Kors
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Elena Rampanelli
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geurt Stokman
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Loes M Butter
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ntsiki M Held
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nike Claessen
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Per W B Larsen
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joanne Verheij
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Coert J Zuurbier
- Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stephen E Girardin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sandrine Florquin
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaklien C Leemans
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Mendrick DL, Diehl AM, Topor LS, Dietert RR, Will Y, La Merrill MA, Bouret S, Varma V, Hastings KL, Schug TT, Emeigh Hart SG, Burleson FG. Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Diseases: From the Bench to the Clinic. Toxicol Sci 2018; 162:36-42. [PMID: 29106690 PMCID: PMC6256950 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Diseases: From the Bench to the Clinic, a Society of Toxicology Contemporary Concepts in Toxicology (CCT) workshop was held on March 11, 2017. The meeting was convened to raise awareness of metabolic syndrome and its associated diseases and serve as a melting pot with scientists of multiple disciplines (eg, toxicologists, clinicians, regulators) so as to spur research and understanding of this condition. The criteria for metabolic syndrome include obesity, dyslipidemia (low high-density lipoprotein and/or elevated triglycerides), elevated blood pressure, and alterations in glucose metabolism. It can lead to a greater potential of type 2 diabetes, lipid disorders, cardiovascular disease, hepatic steatosis, and other circulatory disorders. Although there are no approved drugs specifically for this syndrome, many drugs target diseases associated with this syndrome thus potentially increasing the likelihood of drug-drug interactions. There is currently significant research focusing on understanding the key pathways that control metabolism, which would be likely targets of risk factors (eg, exposure to xenobiotics, genetics) and lifestyle factors (eg, microbiome, nutrition, and exercise) that contribute to metabolic syndrome. Understanding these pathways could also lead to the development of pharmaceutical interventions. As individuals with metabolic syndrome have signs similar to that of toxic responses (eg, oxidative stress and inflammation) and organ dysfunction, these alterations should be taken into account in drug development. With the increasing frequency of metabolic syndrome in the general population, the idea of a "normal" individual may need to be redefined. This paper reports on the substance and outcomes of this workshop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna L Mendrick
- Regulatory Activities, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993
| | - Anna Mae Diehl
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Lisa S Topor
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University; Pediatric Endocrinology Rhode Island Hospital Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Rodney R Dietert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Yvonne Will
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer, Groton, Connecticut 06340
| | - Michele A La Merrill
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616
| | - Sebastien Bouret
- Kerk School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90027 and Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Lille, France
| | - Vijayalaskshmi Varma
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079
| | | | - Thaddeus T Schug
- Division of Extramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina 27709
| | - Susan G Emeigh Hart
- Experimental Pathology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877
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Auer MK, Ebert T, Pietzner M, Defreyne J, Fuss J, Stalla GK, T'Sjoen G. Effects of Sex Hormone Treatment on the Metabolic Syndrome in Transgender Individuals: Focus on Metabolic Cytokines. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:790-802. [PMID: 29216353 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-01559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hormonal treatment in transgender persons affects many components of the metabolic syndrome (MS). OBJECTIVE To determine the role of direct hormonal effects, changes in metabolic cytokines, and body composition on metabolic outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS 24 transwomen and 45 transmen from the European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence were investigated at baseline and after 12 months of hormonal therapy. OUTCOME MEASURES Best predictors for changes in components of MS, applying least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. RESULTS In transwomen, a decrease in triglyceride levels was best explained by a decrease in fat mass and an increase in fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21); the decrease in total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels was principally due to a decrease in resistin. A decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol depended on an inverse association with fat mass. In contrast, in transmen, an increase in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was predicted by a decrease in FGF-21 and an increase in the waist/hip ratio; a decrease in the high-density lipoprotein/total cholesterol ratio depended on a decline in adiponectin levels. In transwomen, worsened insulin resistance and increased early insulin response seemed to be due to a direct treatment effect; however, improvements in hepatic insulin sensitivity in transmen were best predicted by a positive association with chemerin, resistin, and FGF-21 and were inversely related to changes in the waist/hip ratio and leptin and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein levels. CONCLUSIONS The effects of hormonal therapy on different components of the MS are sex-specific and involve a complex interplay of direct hormonal effects, changes in body composition, and metabolic cytokine secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias K Auer
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Ebert
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Adiposity Diseases, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maik Pietzner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Justine Defreyne
- Department of Endocrinology and Center of Sexology and Gender, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Johannes Fuss
- Human Behavior Laboratory, Institute of Sex Research and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Günter K Stalla
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Guy T'Sjoen
- Department of Endocrinology and Center of Sexology and Gender, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Dikeç G, Arabaci LB, Uzunoglu GB, Mizrak SD. Metabolic Side Effects in Patients Using Atypical Antipsychotic Medications During Hospitalization. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2018; 56:28-37. [PMID: 29328360 DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20180108-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The current research evaluated metabolic side effects in inpatients (N = 271) using atypical antipsychotic medications in a psychiatric hospital in Turkey between June and December 2016. Data were collected via an information form created after reviewing the literature at the time of patients' hospitalization and discharge. According to the analysis, 73.8% of patients stated they experienced side effects from antipsychotic medications and 20.7% of patients experienced weight gain. A statistical difference was detected among body mass index, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate during patient hospitalization and discharge. Patients using atypical anti-psychotic medications gained weight, had increased cardiovascular risk, and experienced adverse effects on their physical health during hospitalization. Mental health nurses should inform patients of medication effects and possible side effects, monitor side effects, and teach patients how to manage metabolic side effects. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 56(4), 28-37.].
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Agahi M, Akasheh N, Ahmadvand A, Akbari H, Izadpanah F. Effect of melatonin in reducing second-generation antipsychotic metabolic effects: A double blind controlled clinical trial. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2018; 12:9-15. [PMID: 28847468 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of second-generation atypical antipsychotics has an increasing role in the development of metabolic syndrome. However, these medications due to metabolic disorders can lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and subsequently mortality as well as reduced adherence to treatment. The main objective of current study was to determine the ability of melatonin to reduce the metabolic effects of second-generation antipsychotics. METHODS This double blind controlled clinical trial was conducted on 100 patients aged 18-64 years old were treated with the second-generation antipsychotics for the first time. The patients were divided randomly into two groups of 50. The case group received slow-release melatonin at a dose of 3mg and the control group was given oral placebo at 8 p.m. RESULTS The findings in melatonin group indicated significantly increase of HDL and decreased fasting blood sugar and systolic blood pressure, as well as had statistically significant increase in waist circumference, weight and BMI compared with placebo group. CONCLUSION According to the findings, it can be claimed that the addition of melatonin to atypical antipsychotics has led to a reduction in some of the metabolic effects of these drugs. In this study, HDL level was increased, and the mean systolic blood pressure and FBS were decreased in the melatonin group. Considering that these factors are contributing to cardiovascular disease as a leading cause of mortality in psychiatric patients, so the use of melatonin can reduce some of the medical effects of long-term treatment of atypical antipsychotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Agahi
- Department of Psychiatry, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Negar Akasheh
- Department of Psychiatry, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Afshin Ahmadvand
- Department of Psychiatry, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hossein Akbari
- Biostatictics Department, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Izadpanah
- Department of Psychiatry, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center and Food and Drug Reference Control Laboratories Center, Food & Drug Administration of Iran, MOH & ME, Tehran, Iran.
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Li L, Yang G, Liao G, Mei J, Li L, Wang C, Yuan Y, Shi Y, Liu J, Zhong Z, Cheng J, Lu Y, Clarke IJ, Chen Y. Glucocorticoid treatment facilitates development of a metabolic syndrome in ovariectomized Macaca Mulatta fed a high fat diet. Steroids 2017; 128:105-113. [PMID: 28988119 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a cluster of key features, which include abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of elevated glucocorticoid levels on the development of MetS in middle-aged female rhesus monkeys (Macaca Mulatta) after ovariectomy. Six female ovariectomized rhesus monkeys (9-13years) were randomly assigned to either a control group (normal diet, n=3) or a group in which MetS was facilitated (n=3). The MetS group fed with HFD (15% fat) and received oral prednisone acetate treatment (50mg/day). After 24months, the GCs treatment was withdrawn with continuation of high-fat feeding for a further 12months. After 24months, the MetS group displayed a significant increase in body weight and abdominal circumference. Additionally, the MetS animals displayed abnormal serum lipids, insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance. Histology of liver biopsies indicated marked accumulation of lipid droplets in hepatocytes of MetS animals. Withdrawal of GCs treatment led to recovery from above-mentioned metabolic disorders. Whereas GCs treatment increased leptin expression, it lowered expression of adiponectin and other factors in adipose tissue. Expression of Hydroxy-steroid dehydrogenase-1 and glucose transporter type-4 in the livers of MetS animals were reduced. We conclude that in the context of high fat diet, high levels of exogenous GCs contribute to the development of MetS in non-human primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Guang Yang
- Animal Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Guangneng Liao
- Animal Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jie Mei
- Department of Obstetrics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Lan Li
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Chengshi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yujia Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yujun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jingping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhihui Zhong
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Iain J Clarke
- Department of Physiology, Building 13F, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Younan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC; Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
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Nzuza S, Zondi S, Owira PMO. Naringin prevents HIV-1 protease inhibitors-induced metabolic complications in vivo. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183355. [PMID: 29121676 PMCID: PMC5679664 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and overt diabetes are known metabolic complications associated with chronic use of HIV-Protease Inhibitors. Naringin is a grapefruit-derived flavonoid with anti-diabetic, anti-dyslipidemia, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. Objectives The study investigated the protective effects of naringin on glucose intolerance and impaired insulin secretion and signaling in vivo. Methods Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups (n = 6) and were daily orally treated with distilled water {3.0 ml/kg body weight (BW)}, atazanavir (133 mg/kg BW), saquinavir (333 mg/kg BW) with or without naringin (50 mg/kg BW), respectively for 56 days. Body weights and water consumption were recorded daily. Glucose tolerance tests were carried out on day 55 of the treatment and thereafter, the rats were sacrificed by halothane overdose. Results Atazanavir (ATV)- or saquinavir (SQV)-treated rats exhibited significant weight loss, polydipsia, elevated Fasting blood glucose (FBG), reduced Fasting Plasma Insulin (FPI) and expression of phosphorylated, Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 (IRS-1) and Akt proteins, hepatic and pancreatic glucokinase levels, and also increasing pancreatic caspase-3 and -9 as well as UCP2 protein expressions compared to controls, respectively. These effects were completely reversed by naringin treatment. Conclusion Naringin prevents PI-induced glucose intolerance and impairment of insulin signaling and as nutritional supplement it could therefore alleviate metabolic complications associated with antiretroviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanelisiwe Nzuza
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu–Natal, Westville, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sindiswa Zondi
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu–Natal, Westville, Durban, South Africa
| | - Peter M. O. Owira
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu–Natal, Westville, Durban, South Africa
- * E-mail:
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Rosenbaum PF, Weinstock RS, Silverstone AE, Sjödin A, Pavuk M. Metabolic syndrome is associated with exposure to organochlorine pesticides in Anniston, AL, United States. Environ Int 2017; 108:11-21. [PMID: 28779625 PMCID: PMC5627356 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The Anniston Community Health Survey, a cross-sectional study, was undertaken in 2005-2007 to study environmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and organochlorine (OC) pesticides and health outcomes among residents of Anniston, AL, United States. The examination of potential risks between these pollutants and metabolic syndrome, a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors (i.e., hypertension, central obesity, dyslipidemia and dysglycemia) was the focus of this analysis. Participants were 548 adults who completed the survey and a clinic visit, were free of diabetes, and had a serum sample for clinical laboratory parameters as well as PCB and OC pesticide concentrations. Associations between summed concentrations of 35 PCB congeners and 9 individual pesticides and metabolic syndrome were examined using generalized linear modeling and logistic regression; odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported. Pollutants were evaluated as quintiles and as log transformations of continuous serum concentrations. Participants were mostly female (68%) with a mean age (SD) of 53.6 (16.2) years. The racial distribution was 56% white and 44% African American; 49% met the criteria for metabolic syndrome. In unadjusted logistic regression, statistically significant and positive associations across the majority of quintiles were noted for seven individually modeled pesticides (p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, HCB, β-HCCH, oxychlor, tNONA, Mirex). Following adjustment for covariables (i.e., age, sex, race, education, marital status, current smoking, alcohol consumption, positive family history of diabetes or cardiovascular disease, liver disease, BMI), significant elevations in risk were noted for p,p'-DDT across multiple quintiles (range of ORs 1.61 to 2.36), for tNONA (range of ORs 1.62-2.80) and for p,p'-DDE [OR (95% CI)] of 2.73 (1.09-6.88) in the highest quintile relative to the first. Significant trends were observed in adjusted logistic models for log10 HCB [OR=6.15 (1.66-22.88)], log10 oxychlor [OR=2.09 (1.07-4.07)] and log10 tNONA [3.19 (1.45-7.00)]. Summed PCB concentrations were significantly and positively associated with metabolic syndrome only in unadjusted models; adjustment resulted in attenuation of the ORs in both the quintile and log-transformed models. In conclusion, several OC pesticides were found to have significant associations with metabolic syndrome in the Anniston study population while no association was observed for PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula F Rosenbaum
- Department of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States.
| | - Ruth S Weinstock
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Allen E Silverstone
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Andreas Sjödin
- National Center for Environmental Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Marian Pavuk
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, GA, United States
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de Vries LV, de Jong WHA, Touw DJ, Berger SP, Navis G, Kema IP, Bakker SJL. Twenty-four hour urinary cortisol excretion and the metabolic syndrome in prednisolone-treated renal transplant recipients. Steroids 2017; 127:31-39. [PMID: 28893559 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic prednisolone treatment in renal transplant recipients (RTR) causes metabolic abnormalities, which cluster in the metabolic syndrome (MS). It also suppresses the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal (HPA)-axis. We investigated whether HPA-axis suppression, as measured by 24h urinary cortisol excretion, is associated with presence of the MS and its individual components, in outpatient RTR with a functioning graft for >1year. Urinary cortisol was measured in 24h urine, using LC-MS/MS (LOQ 0.30nmol/L). We included 563 RTR (age 51±12years; 54% male) at median 6.0 [IQR, 2.6-11.5] years post-transplantation. MS was present in 439/563 RTR (78%). Median 24h urinary cortisol excretion was 2.0 [IQR, 0.9-5.1]nmol/24h. Twenty-four hour urinary cortisol excretion was independently associated with MS presence (OR=0.80 [95% CI, 0.66-0.98], P=0.02). It was also independently associated with bodyweight (st.β=-0.11, P=0.007), waist circumference (st.β=-0.10, P=0.01), BMI (st.β=-0.14, P=0.001), fasting triglycerides (st.β=-0.15, P=0.001), diabetes (st.β=-0.12, P=0.005), and number of antihypertensives used (st.β=-0.13, P=0.003). Suppressed HPA-axis activity, as reflected by decreased 24h urinary cortisol excretion, is associated with higher prevalence of MS and its individual components (i.e. central obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension) in prednisolone-treated RTR. Assessment of 24h urinary cortisol excretion by LC-MS/MS may be a tool to monitor metabolic side-effects of prednisolone in RTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura V de Vries
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Wilhelmina H A de Jong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daan J Touw
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan P Berger
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerjan Navis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ido P Kema
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Nduka CU, Stranges S, Kimani PK, Sarki AM, Uthman OA. Is there sufficient evidence for a causal association between antiretroviral therapy and diabetes in HIV-infected patients? A meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2017; 33. [PMID: 28437854 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The association of antiretroviral therapy (ART) with diabetes is inconsistent and varies widely across primary epidemiological studies. A comprehensive and more precise estimate of this association is fundamental to establishing a plausible causal link between ART and diabetes. We identified epidemiological studies that compared mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG) concentrations and proportions of diabetes and metabolic syndrome between HIV-infected patients naïve and exposed to ART. Mean difference in FPG concentrations and odds ratios of diabetes and metabolic syndrome were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. Data on 20 178 participants from 41 observational studies were included in the meta-analyses. Mean FPG concentrations (Pooled mean difference: 4.66 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.52 to 6.80; 24 studies) and the odds of diabetes (Pooled odds ratios: 3.85; 95% CI, 2.93 to 5.07; 10 studies) and metabolic syndrome (Pooled odds ratios: 1.45; 95% CI, 1.03 to 2.03; 18 studies) were significantly higher among ART-exposed patients, compared to their naïve counterparts. ART was also associated with significant increases in FPG levels in studies with mean ART duration ≥18 months (Pooled mean difference: 4.97 mg/dL; 95% CI, 3.10 to 6.84; 14 studies), but not in studies with mean ART duration <18 months (Pooled mean difference: 4.40 mg/dL, 95% CI, -0.59 to 9.38; 7 studies). ART may potentially be the single most consistent determinant of diabetes in people living with HIV worldwide. However, given the preponderance of cross-sectional studies in the meta-analysis, the association between ART and diabetes cannot be interpreted as cause and effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chidozie U Nduka
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Saverio Stranges
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Peter K Kimani
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Ahmed M Sarki
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Olalekan A Uthman
- Warwick-Centre for Applied Health Research and Delivery (WCAHRD), Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Department of Public Health (IHCAR), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
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Kiwata JL, Dorff TB, Todd Schroeder E, Salem GJ, Lane CJ, Rice JC, Gross ME, Dieli-Conwright CM. A pilot randomised controlled trial of a periodised resistance training and protein supplementation intervention in prostate cancer survivors on androgen deprivation therapy. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e016910. [PMID: 28698349 PMCID: PMC5726104 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate cancer survivors (PCS) receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) experience deleterious side effects such as unfavourable changes in cardiometabolic factors that lead to sarcopenic obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). While loss of lean body mass (LBM) compromises muscular strength and quality of life, MetS increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and may influence cancer recurrence. Exercise can improve LBM and strength, and may serve as an alternative to the pharmacological management of MetS in PCS on ADT. Prior exercise interventions in PCS on ADT have been effective at enhancing strength, but only marginally effective at enhancing body composition and ameliorating cardiometabolic risk factors. This pilot trial aims to improve on existing interventions by employing periodised resistance training (RT) to counter sarcopenic obesity in PCS on ADT. Secondary aims compare intervention effects on cardiometabolic, physical function, quality of life and molecular skeletal muscle changes. An exploratory aim examines if protein supplementation (PS) in combination with RT elicits greater changes in these outcomes. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A 2×2 experimental design is used in 32 PCS on ADT across a 12-week intervention period. Participants are randomised to resistance training and protein supplementation (RTPS), RT, PS or control. RT and RTPS groups perform supervised RT three times per week for 12 weeks, while PS and RTPS groups receive 50 g whey protein per day. This pilot intervention applies a multilayered approach to ameliorate detrimental cardiometabolic effects of ADT while investigating molecular mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle changes in PCS. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This trial was approved by the University of Southern California Institutional Review Board (HS-13-00315). Results from this trial will be communicated in peer-reviewed publications and scientific presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01909440; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline L Kiwata
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tanya B Dorff
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - E Todd Schroeder
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - George J Salem
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christianne J Lane
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Judd C Rice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mitchell E Gross
- Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christina M Dieli-Conwright
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Felice JI, Schurman L, McCarthy AD, Sedlinsky C, Aguirre JI, Cortizo AM. Effects of fructose-induced metabolic syndrome on rat skeletal cells and tissue, and their responses to metformin treatment. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2017; 126:202-213. [PMID: 28259010 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Deleterious effects of metabolic syndrome (MS) on bone are still controversial. In this study we evaluated the effects of a fructose-induced MS, and/or an oral treatment with metformin on the osteogenic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), as well as on bone formation and architecture. METHODS 32 male 8week-old Wistar rats were assigned to four groups: control (C), control plus oral metformin (CM), rats receiving 10% fructose in drinking water (FRD), and FRD plus metformin (FRDM). Samples were collected to measure blood parameters, and to perform pQCT analysis and static and dynamic histomorphometry. MSC were isolated to determine their osteogenic potential. RESULTS Metformin improved blood parameters in FRDM rats. pQCT and static and dynamic histomorphometry showed no significant differences in trabecular and cortical bone parameters among groups. FRD reduced TRAP expression and osteocyte density in trabecular bone and metformin only normalized osteocyte density. FRD decreased the osteogenic potential of MSC and metformin administration could revert some of these parameters. CONCLUSIONS FRD-induced MS shows reduction in MSC osteogenic potential, in osteocyte density and in TRAP activity. Oral metformin treatment was able to prevent trabecular osteocyte loss and the reduction in extracellular mineralization induced by FRD-induced MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ignacio Felice
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral (LIOMM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
| | - León Schurman
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral (LIOMM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
| | - Antonio Desmond McCarthy
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral (LIOMM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
| | - Claudia Sedlinsky
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral (LIOMM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
| | - José Ignacio Aguirre
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ana María Cortizo
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral (LIOMM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina.
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129
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Tzortzis V, Samarinas M, Zachos I, Oeconomou A, Pisters LL, Bargiota A. Adverse effects of androgen deprivation therapy in patients with prostate cancer: focus on metabolic complications. Hormones (Athens) 2017; 16:115-123. [PMID: 28742500 DOI: 10.14310/horm.2002.1727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the most effective treatment for this disease. The cornerstone of the treatment of prostate cancer is inhibition of testosterone production which interrupts testosterone-induced growth of the prostate tumor. The dramatic decrease in testosterone levels, however, has several undesirable effects on the metabolic profile and bone metabolism and can also lead to fatigue, loss of libido, gynecomastia, and anemia, provoke vasomotor flushing, and generally affect the quality of life. Due to the long-term survival rates of patients with prostate cancer, treatment-related adverse effects are highly relevant and thus, in each clinical setting, the benefits of ADT must be weighed against treatment-related adverse effects. The current review focuses on the more recently described metabolic complications of androgen deprivation therapy, including obesity, diabetes, lipid alterations, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. In addition, it provides practical management recommendations drawn from the available guidelines issued by the American Diabetes Association and American Heart Association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Tzortzis
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Michael Samarinas
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Zachos
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Athanasios Oeconomou
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Louis L Pisters
- Department of Urology, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alexandra Bargiota
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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Dimala CA, Blencowe H. Association between highly active antiretroviral therapy and selected cardiovascular disease risk factors in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e013353. [PMID: 28279997 PMCID: PMC5353342 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The increasing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) coverage in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has been associated with increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence. However, the epidemiology of the association between HAART and CVD risk factors in SSA is sparse. We aim to assess the extent to which HAART is associated with selected cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia and metabolic syndrome) in SSA. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This will be a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies on the association between HAART and CVD risk factors retrieved from Medline, Embase, Popline, Africa-Wide Information, African Index Medicus and the Cochrane library databases. Studies will be screened for eligibility according to the selection criteria by two independent reviewers. Eligible studies will be assessed for the quality of their evidence and risk of bias using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies of the National Health Institute and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, with respect to the measured outcomes (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia and metabolic syndrome). A data abstraction form will be produced on Epi info V.7 and data analysis done on STATA V.14 statistical software. Summary estimates of measures of effects for the association between HAART use and the outcomes will be derived. Random effects meta-analyses will be performed and I2 statistic used to assess for heterogeneity between studies with respect to measured parameters. Qualitative synthesis will be used where data is insufficient to produce quantitative synthesis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The protocol has been reviewed by the Research Governance & Integrity Office of the Research Ethics Committee of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and confirmed as not requiring ethical approval. The findings of this study will be made widely available especially to national HIV/AIDS committees formulating HIV/AIDS guidelines for their respective settings. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42016042306; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Akem Dimala
- Health and Human Development (2HD) research group, Douala, Cameroon
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Hannah Blencowe
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Wang HH, Cai M, Wang HN, Chen YC, Zhang RG, Wang Y, McAlonan GM, Bai YH, Wu WJ, Guo L, Zhang YH, Tan QR, Zhang ZJ. An assessor-blinded, randomized comparison of efficacy and tolerability of switching from olanzapine to ziprasidone and the combination of both in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. J Psychiatr Res 2017; 85:59-65. [PMID: 27837658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ziprasidone (ZIP) is often used with olanzapine (OLZ) in 'switch' and combination therapy but empirical evidence to support these strategies is limited. OBJECTIVE This study was therefore designed to compare the efficacy and tolerability of switching from OLZ to ZIP, the combination of both medications, and OLZ and ZIP monotherapy, in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). METHODS In this 12 week open-label, assessor-blinded randomized trial, 148 patients with SSD who had not used antipsychotics for at least 3 months were assigned to ZIP (n = 49) or OLZ monotherapy (n = 31); OLZ for 4 weeks then a switch to ZIP (OLZ/ZIP, n = 35); or combination therapy (OLZ + ZIP, n = 33). The severity of psychosis and abnormal involuntary movements was evaluated at baseline, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks using standard instruments. Baseline-to-endpoint changes in weight gain and metabolic measures were compared. RESULTS The efficacy of both OLZ/ZIP and OLZ + ZIP was comparable OLZ monotherapy and better than ZIP monotherapy in reducing overall psychotic and negative symptoms at most 8 and 12 week measurement points. Changes in weight gain, glucose, and lipid measures did not differ between OLZ/ZIP and OLZ + ZIP, but were markedly higher following OLZ monotherapy. The OLZ + ZIP group had the lowest overall incidence of adverse events and extrapyramidal symptoms of all the treatment regimens. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that combining ZIP and OLZ at the outset of treatment is superior to switching from OLZ to ZIP in terms of improving psychotic symptoms and limiting movement side effects without increasing the risk of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Hai Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Min Cai
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Hua-Ning Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Yun-Chun Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Rui-Guo Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Grainne M McAlonan
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Yuan-Han Bai
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Wen-Jun Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Ya-Hong Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Qing-Rong Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
| | - Zhang-Jin Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance Mennella
- Division of Child/Adolescent Psychiatry, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Bradley Hospital , East Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Daniel P Dickstein
- Division of Child/Adolescent Psychiatry, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Bradley Hospital , East Providence, Rhode Island
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Olatunji LA, Usman TO, Seok YM, Kim IK. Activation of cardiac renin-angiotensin system and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene expressions in oral contraceptive-induced cardiometabolic disorder. Arch Physiol Biochem 2017; 123:1-8. [PMID: 26934364 DOI: 10.3109/13813455.2016.1160935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Clinical studies have shown that combined oral contraceptive (COC) use is associated with cardiometabolic disturbances. Elevated renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) have also been implicated in the development of cardiometabolic events. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of COC treatment on cardiac RAS and PAI-1 gene expressions, and whether the effect is circulating aldosterone or corticosterone dependent. METHODS Female rats were treated (p.o.) with olive oil (vehicle) or COC (1.0 µg ethinylestradiol and 10.0 µg norgestrel) daily for six weeks. RESULTS COC treatment led to increases in blood pressure, HOMA-IR, Ace1 mRNA, Atr1 mRNA, Pai1 mRNA, cardiac PAI-1, plasma PAI-1, C-reactive protein, uric acid, insulin and corticosterone. COC treatment also led to dyslipidemia, decreased glucose tolerance and plasma 17β-estradiol. CONCLUSION These results demonstrates that hypertension and insulin resistance induced by COC is associated with increased cardiac RAS and PAI-1 gene expression, which is likely to be through corticosterone-dependent but not aldosterone-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence A Olatunji
- a Department of Physiology , Cardiovascular and Molecular Physiology Unit, College of Health Sciences University of Ilorin , P.M.B. 1515 , Ilorin , Nigeria
- b Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine , Daegu , Republic of Korea
| | - Taofeek O Usman
- a Department of Physiology , Cardiovascular and Molecular Physiology Unit, College of Health Sciences University of Ilorin , P.M.B. 1515 , Ilorin , Nigeria
| | - Young-Mi Seok
- b Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine , Daegu , Republic of Korea
- c Korea Promotion Institute for Traditional Medicine Industry , Gyeongsan , Gyeongbuk , Republic of Korea , and
| | - In-Kyeom Kim
- b Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine , Daegu , Republic of Korea
- d Department of Pharmacology , Kyungpook National University School of Medicine , Daegu , Republic of Korea
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134
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Dupas J, Feray A, Goanvec C, Guernec A, Samson N, Bougaran P, Guerrero F, Mansourati J. Metabolic Syndrome and Hypertension Resulting from Fructose Enriched Diet in Wistar Rats. Biomed Res Int 2017; 2017:2494067. [PMID: 28497040 PMCID: PMC5405603 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2494067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Increased sugar consumption, especially fructose, is strongly related to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to evaluate long term effects of fructose supplementation on Wistar rats. Three-week-old male rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: control (C; n = 14) and fructose fed (FF; n = 18), with a fructose enriched drink (20-25% w/v fructose in water) for 21 weeks. Systolic blood pressure, fasting glycemia, and bodyweight were regularly measured. Glucose tolerance was evaluated three times using an oral glucose tolerance test. Insulin levels were measured concomitantly and insulin resistance markers were evaluated (HOMA 2-IR, Insulin Sensitivity Index for glycemia (ISI-gly)). Lipids profile was evaluated on plasma. This fructose supplementation resulted in the early induction of hypertension without renal failure (stable theoretical creatinine clearance) and in the progressive development of fasting hyperglycemia and insulin resistance (higher HOMA 2-IR, lower ISI-gly) without modification of glucose tolerance. FF rats presented dyslipidemia (higher plasma triglycerides) and early sign of liver malfunction (higher liver weight). Although abdominal fat weight was increased in FF rats, no significant overweight was found. In Wistar rats, 21 weeks of fructose supplementation induced a metabolic syndrome (hypertension, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia) but not T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Dupas
- 1EA 4324-Optimisation des Régulations Physiologiques, Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matières, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Annie Feray
- 1EA 4324-Optimisation des Régulations Physiologiques, Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matières, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
- 2UFR Sciences du Sport et de l'Education, 20 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Christelle Goanvec
- 1EA 4324-Optimisation des Régulations Physiologiques, Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matières, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
- 3UFR Sciences et Techniques, 6 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
- *Christelle Goanvec:
| | - Anthony Guernec
- 1EA 4324-Optimisation des Régulations Physiologiques, Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matières, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
- 2UFR Sciences du Sport et de l'Education, 20 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Nolwenn Samson
- 4Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université de Laval, 2725 chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 4G5
| | - Pauline Bougaran
- 1EA 4324-Optimisation des Régulations Physiologiques, Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matières, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - François Guerrero
- 1EA 4324-Optimisation des Régulations Physiologiques, Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matières, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
- 2UFR Sciences du Sport et de l'Education, 20 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Jacques Mansourati
- 1EA 4324-Optimisation des Régulations Physiologiques, Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matières, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
- 5Département de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Brest, boulevard Tanguy Prigent, 29200 Brest, France
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Kim MK, Chon SJ, Noe EB, Roh YH, Yun BH, Cho S, Choi YS, Lee BS, Seo SK. Associations of dietary calcium intake with metabolic syndrome and bone mineral density among the Korean population: KNHANES 2008-2011. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:299-308. [PMID: 27503170 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3717-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Excessive amount of calcium intake increased risk for metabolic syndrome in men. However, modest amount decreased the risk of metabolic syndrome and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Modest amount of calcium also increased bone mineral density (BMD) in both men and postmenopausal women. INTRODUCTION The present study aimed to evaluate the associations of dietary calcium intake with metabolic syndrome and bone mineral density (BMD) in Korean men and women, especially postmenopausal women. METHODS The study was performed using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008-2011) and included 14,705 participants (5953 men, 4258 premenopausal women, and 4494 postmenopausal women). Clinical and other objective characteristics, presence of metabolic syndrome, and the BMD of the femur neck and lumbar spine were evaluated according to dietary calcium intake. RESULTS There was a higher tendency for metabolic syndrome in men with a dietary calcium intake of >1200 mg/day than with ≤400 mg of calcium intake; >400 and ≤800 mg of calcium intake was helpful for postmenopausal women to decrease risk for metabolic syndrome. Overall, the group with calcium intake >400 and ≤800 mg daily had significantly increased BMD in both femoral neck and lumbar spine from both men and postmenopausal women. From both femoral neck and lumbar spine, the prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women significantly decreased in the group whose calcium intake was >400 and ≤800 mg daily. CONCLUSION Excessive dietary calcium may increase the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in men. For postmenopausal women, calcium intake does not increase the risk of metabolic syndrome, but modest amount decreases the risk. It may increase the BMD in men and postmenopausal women, and also reduce the prevalence of both osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Chon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gil Hospital, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - E B Noe
- Seoul Rachel Fertility Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Roh
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B H Yun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Cho
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B S Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Seo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Fructose is associated with the biochemical alterations that promote the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabetes. Its consumption has increased in parallel with MetS. It is metabolized by the liver, where it stimulates de novo lipogenesis. The triglycerides synthesized lead to hepatic insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Fructose-derived advanced glycation end products (AGEs) may be involved via the Maillard reaction. Fructose has not been a main focus of glycation research because of the difficulty in measuring its adducts, and, more importantly, because although it is 10 times more reactive than glucose, its plasma concentration is only 1% of that of glucose. In this focused review, I summarize exogenous and endogenous fructose metabolism, fructose glycation, and in vitro, animal, and human data. Fructose is elevated in several tissues of diabetic patients where the polyol pathway is active, reaching the same order of magnitude as glucose. It is plausible that the high reactivity of fructose, directly or via its metabolites, may contribute to the formation of intracellular AGEs and to vascular complications. The evidence, however, is still unconvincing. Two areas that have been overlooked so far and should be actively explored include the following: 1) enteral formation of fructose AGEs, generating an inflammatory response to the receptor for AGEs (which may explain the strong association between fructose consumption and asthma, chronic bronchitis, and arthritis); and 2) inactivation of hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase by a fructose-mediated increase in methylglyoxal flux (perpetuating lipogenesis, fatty liver, and insulin resistance). If proven correct, these mechanisms would put the fructose-mediated Maillard reaction in the limelight again as a contributing factor in chronic inflammatory diseases and MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Gugliucci
- Glycation, Oxidation, and Disease Laboratory, Department of Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University California, Vallejo, CA
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Rabaglino MB, Moreira-Espinoza MJ, Lopez JP, Garcia NH, Beltramo D. Maternal Triclosan consumption alters the appetite regulatory network on Wistar rat offspring and predispose to metabolic syndrome in the adulthood. Endocr J 2016; 63:1007-1016. [PMID: 27569689 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej16-0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of maternal oral exposure to the antibacterial Triclosan (TCS) during gestation and lactation on the metabolic status of the adult offspring and on the expression of main genes controlling the appetite regulatory network. Pregnant rats were fed ad-libitum with ground food + TCS (1 mg/kg) from day 14 of gestation to day 20 of lactation (n=3) or ground food (n=3). After litter reduction, 12 males and 12 females born from the TCS exposed rats (TCS, n=24) or not (Control, n=24) were used to evaluate monthly body weight, food intake, plasma levels of cholesterol, glucose and triglycerides, and the hypothalamic mRNA expression of agouti-related protein (Agrp), neuropeptide Y (Npy) and propiomelanocortin (Pomc). Body weight for rats in the TCS group was 12.5% heavier for males at 4 months (p<0.001) and 19% heavier for females at 8 months (p=0.01). Food intake was significantly higher for rats in the TCS group at 5 months of age (p<0.01). Cholesterol and glucose levels were significantly higher for rats in the TCS group at 8 months (p<0.05). mRNA expression of Npy and Agrp were significantly increased in hypothalami of rats in the TCS group at 2 months for males or 8 months for females (p<0.05). In conclusion, low doses of oral TCS consumption by the pregnant and lactating dam increase the hypothalamic expression of the orexigenic neuropeptides Npy and Agrp in the offspring and alter their metabolic status during adulthood, resembling development of the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Belén Rabaglino
- Centro de Excelencia en Procesos y Productos de Córdoba (CEPROCOR), CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
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Ajiboye TO, Aliyu H, Tanimu MA, Muhammad RM, Ibitoye OB. Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii (Stapf) Diels leaves halt high-fructose induced metabolic syndrome: Hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, inflammation and oxidative stress. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 192:471-479. [PMID: 27568876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii is widely used in the management and treatment of diabetes and obesity in Nigeria. This study evaluates the effect of aqueous leaf extract of D. cumminsii on high-fructose diet-induced metabolic syndrome. METHODS Seventy male rats were randomized into seven groups. All rats were fed with high-fructose diet for 9 weeks except groups A and C rats, which received control diet. In addition to the diet treatment, groups A and B rats received distilled water for 3 weeks starting from the seventh week of the experimental period. Rats in groups C-F orally received 400, 100, 200 and 400mg/kg body weight of aqueous leaf extract of D. cumminsii respectively, while group G received 300mg/kg bodyweight of metformin for 3 weeks starting from the seventh week. RESULTS There was significant (p<0.05) reduction in high-fructose diet-mediated increase in body weight, body mass index, abdominal circumference, blood glucose, insulin, leptin and insulin resistance by aqueous leaf extract of D. cumminsii. Conversely, high-fructose diet-mediated decrease in adiponectin was reversed by the extract. Increased levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, atherogenic index, cardiac index and coronary artery index were significantly lowered by the extract, while high-fructose diet mediated decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased by the extract. Tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 levels increased significantly in high-fructose diet-fed rats, which were significantly reversed by the extract. High-fructose mediated-decrease in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione reduced were significantly reversed by aqueous leaf extract of D. cumminsii. Conversely, elevated levels of malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, lipid hydroperoxides, protein carbonyl and fragmented DNA were significantly lowered by the extract. CONCLUSION Data generated in this study further laid credence to the hypoglycemic activity of aqueous leaf extract of D. cumminsii as evident from the reversal of hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, inflammation and oxidative stress in high-fructose diet-induced metabolic syndrome rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- T O Ajiboye
- Antioxidants, Free Radicals, Functional Foods and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria.
| | - H Aliyu
- Antioxidants, Free Radicals, Functional Foods and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - M A Tanimu
- Antioxidants, Free Radicals, Functional Foods and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - R M Muhammad
- Antioxidants, Free Radicals, Functional Foods and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - O B Ibitoye
- Antioxidants, Free Radicals, Functional Foods and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Reese TR, Thiel DJ, Cocker KE. Behavioral Disorders in Dementia: Appropriate Nondrug Interventions and Antipsychotic Use. Am Fam Physician 2016; 94:276-282. [PMID: 27548592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia pose management challenges for caregivers and clinicians. Firstline nonpharmacologic treatments include eliminating physical and emotional stressors, modifying the patient's environment, and establishing daily routines. Family members and caregivers benefit from education about dementia symptoms and reminders that the behaviors are normal and unintentional. Cognitive and emotion-oriented interventions, sensory stimulation interventions, behavior management techniques, and other psychosocial interventions are modestly effective. In refractory cases, physicians may choose to prescribe off-label antipsychotics. Aripiprazole has the most consistent evidence of symptom improvement; however, this improvement is small. Olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone have inconsistent evidence of benefit. Physicians should use the smallest effective dose for the shortest possible duration to minimize adverse effects, most notably an increased mortality risk. Other adverse effects include anticholinergic and antidopaminergic effects, extrapyramidal symptoms, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, postural hypotension, metabolic syndrome, cardiac arrhythmia, and sedation. Patients should be monitored for these effects while receiving treatment; however, laboratory monitoring may be limited to patients receiving long-term therapy.
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Warris LT, van den Akker ELT, Bierings MB, van den Bos C, Zwaan CM, Sassen SDT, Tissing WJE, Veening MA, Pieters R, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM. Acute Activation of Metabolic Syndrome Components in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients Treated with Dexamethasone. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158225. [PMID: 27362350 PMCID: PMC4928792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although dexamethasone is highly effective in the treatment of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), it can cause serious metabolic side effects. Because studies regarding the effects of dexamethasone are limited by their small scale, we prospectively studied the direct effects of treating pediatric ALL with dexamethasone administration with respect to activation of components of metabolic syndrome (MetS); in addition, we investigated whether these side effects were correlated with the level of dexamethasone. Fifty pediatric patients (3–16 years of age) with ALL were studied during a 5-day dexamethasone course during the maintenance phase of the Dutch Childhood Oncology Group ALL-10 and ALL-11 protocols. Fasting insulin, glucose, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides levels were measured at baseline (before the start of dexamethasone; T1) and on the fifth day of treatment (T2). Dexamethasone trough levels were measured at T2. We found that dexamethasone treatment significantly increased the following fasting serum levels (P<0.05): HDL, LDL, total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, and insulin. In addition, dexamethasone increased insulin resistance (HOMA-IR>3.4) from 8% to 85% (P<0.01). Dexamethasone treatment also significantly increased the diastolic and systolic blood pressure. Lastly, dexamethasone trough levels (N = 24) were directly correlated with high glucose levels at T2, but not with other parameters. These results indicate that dexamethasone treatment acutely induces three components of the MetS. Together with the weight gain typically associated with dexamethasone treatment, these factors may contribute to the higher prevalence of MetS and cardiovascular risk among survivors of childhood leukemia who received dexamethasone treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidewij T. Warris
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC- Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Erasmus MC- Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Erica L. T. van den Akker
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Erasmus MC- Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marc B. Bierings
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht – Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cor van den Bos
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Academic Medical Center – Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christian M. Zwaan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC- Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan D. T. Sassen
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC- Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wim J. E. Tissing
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Groningen Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Margreet A. Veening
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Pieters
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC- Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Kho MC, Lee YJ, Park JH, Kim HY, Yoon JJ, Ahn YM, Tan R, Park MC, Cha JD, Choi KM, Kang DG, Lee HS. Fermented Red Ginseng Potentiates Improvement of Metabolic Dysfunction in Metabolic Syndrome Rat Models. Nutrients 2016; 8:E369. [PMID: 27322312 PMCID: PMC4924210 DOI: 10.3390/nu8060369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome including obesity, dyslipidemia and hypertension is a cluster of risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Fermentation of medicinal herbs improves their pharmacological efficacy. Red ginseng (RG), a widely used traditional herbal medicine, was reported with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity. Aim in the present study was to investigate that the effects of fermented red ginseng (FRG) on a high-fructose (HF) diet induced metabolic disorders, and those effects were compared to RG and losartan. Animals were divided into four groups: a control group fed a regular diet and tap water, and fructose groups that were fed a 60% high-fructose (HF) diet with/without RG 250 mg/kg/day or FRG 250 mg/kg/day for eight weeks, respectively. Treatment with FRG significantly suppressed the increments of body weight, liver weight, epididymal fat weight and adipocyte size. Moreover, FRG significantly prevented the development of metabolic disturbances such as hyperlipidemia and hypertension. Staining with Oil-red-o demonstrated a marked increase of hepatic accumulation of triglycerides, and this increase was prevented by FRG. FRG ameliorated endothelial dysfunction by downregulation of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and adhesion molecules in the aorta. In addition, FRG induced markedly upregulation of Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) and glucose transporter type 4 (Glut4) in the muscle. These results indicate that FRG ameliorates obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and fatty liver in HF diet rats. More favorable pharmacological effects on HF diet induced metabolic disorders were observed with FRG, compared to an equal dose of RG. These results showed that the pharmacological activity of RG was enhanced by fermentation. Taken together, fermentated red ginseng might be a beneficial therapeutic approach for metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chul Kho
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Yun Jung Lee
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Ji Hun Park
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Hye Yoom Kim
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Jung Joo Yoon
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - You Mee Ahn
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Rui Tan
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Min Cheol Park
- Department of Oriental Medical Ophthalmology & Otolaryngology & Dermatology, College of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Jeong Dan Cha
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Korea.
| | - Kyung Min Choi
- Department of Research Development, Institute of Jinan Red Ginseng, Jinan, Jeonbuk 55442, Korea.
| | - Dae Gill Kang
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Ho Sub Lee
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
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Gaspar RS, Benevides ROA, Fontelles JLDL, Vale CC, França LM, Barros PDTS, Paes AMDA. Reproductive alterations in hyperinsulinemic but normoandrogenic MSG obese female rats. J Endocrinol 2016; 229:61-72. [PMID: 26952035 DOI: 10.1530/joe-15-0453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic syndrome are the common causes of reproductive and fertility disorders in women. In particular, polycystic ovary syndrome, which is clinically characterized by hyperandrogenism, oligo/anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology, has been increasingly associated with metabolic disorders. However, given the broad interplay between metabolic and reproductive functions, this remains a field of intense research. In this study, we investigated the effect of monosodium l-glutamate (MSG)-induced obesity on reproductive biology of female rats. Newborn female rats were subcutaneously injected with MSG (4g/kg/day) or equiosmolar saline (CTR) each 2 days up to postnatal day (pnd) 10. On pnd 60, estrous cycle was evaluated using vaginal smears twice a day for 15 days, which showed MSG rats to be oligocyclic. Thereafter, animals were killed on estrous phase for blood and tissue collection. MSG rats had increased body mass, accumulation of retroperitoneal and visceral fat pads, and visceral adipocyte hypertrophy compared with CTR rats. MSG rats were also dyslipidemic and hyperinsulinemic but were normoglycemic and normoandrogenic. Ovarian morphology analysis showed that MSG rats had a two-fold decrease in oocyte count but a six-fold increase on ovarian follicular cysts, along with a higher number of total primordial and atretic follicles. Moreover, MSG rats had a four-fold increase in anti-Müllerian hormone immunohistochemical staining on antral follicles. Taken together, data presented here characterize MSG obesity as a unique model to study the metabolic pathways underlying reproductive disorders in the absence of overactivated hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Simões Gaspar
- Department of Physiological SciencesFederal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | | | - Caroline Castro Vale
- Department of Physiological SciencesFederal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Lucas Martins França
- Department of Physiological SciencesFederal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Paulo de Tarso Silva Barros
- Department of Physiological SciencesFederal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil Department of PhysiologySchool of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Scahill L, Jeon S, Boorin SJ, McDougle CJ, Aman MG, Dziura J, McCracken JT, Caprio S, Arnold LE, Nicol G, Deng Y, Challa SA, Vitiello B. Weight Gain and Metabolic Consequences of Risperidone in Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2016; 55:415-23. [PMID: 27126856 PMCID: PMC4851735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examine weight gain and metabolic consequences of risperidone monotherapy in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHOD This was a 24-week, multisite, randomized trial of risperidone only versus risperidone plus parent training in 124 children (mean age 6.9 ± 2.35 years; 105 boys and 19 girls) with ASD and serious behavioral problems. We monitored height, weight, waist circumference, and adverse effects during the trial. Fasting blood samples were obtained before treatment and at week 16. RESULTS In 97 children with a mean of 22.9 ± 2.8 weeks of risperidone exposure, there was a 5.4 ± 3.4 kg weight gain over 24 weeks (p < .0001); waist circumference increased from 60.7 ± 10.4 cm to 66.8 ± 11.3 cm (p < .0001). At baseline, 59 of 97 children (60.8%) were classified as having normal weight; by week 24, only 25 of 85 (29.4%) remained in that group. Growth curve analysis showed a significant change in body mass index (BMI) z scores from pretreatment to week 24 (p < .0001). This effect was significantly greater for children with reported increased appetite in the first 8 weeks. From before treatment to week 16, there were significant increases in glucose (p = .02), hemoglobin A1c (p = .01), insulin (p <.0001), homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; p < .001), alanine aminotransferase (p = .01), and leptin (p < .0001). Adiponectin declined (p = .003). At baseline, 7 children met conventional criteria for metabolic syndrome; by week 16, 12 additional children were so classified. CONCLUSION Rapid weight gain with risperidone treatment may promote the cascade of biochemical indices associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Appetite, weight, waist circumference, liver function tests, blood lipids, and glucose warrant monitoring. Clinical trial registration information-Drug and Behavioral Therapy for Children With Pervasive Developmental Disorders; http://clinicaltrials.gov/; NCT00080145.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Scahill
- Emory University School of Medicine and Marcus Autism Center, Atlanta.
| | | | | | - Christopher J McDougle
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Lurie Center for Autism, Boston
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Ruan J, Zhang Y, Yuan J, Xin L, Xia J, Liu N, Mu Y, Chen Y, Yang S, Li K. A long-term high-fat, high-sucrose diet in Bama minipigs promotes lipid deposition and amyotrophy by up-regulating the myostatin pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 425:123-32. [PMID: 26850224 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is as an important regulator of blood glucose and glycolipid metabolism and is closely related to motor ability. The underlying mechanisms by which dietary ectopic lipids in skeletal muscle prevents muscle growth remain elusive. We utilized miniature Bama swine as a model to mimic human obesity using prolonged dietary induction. After 23 months on a high-fat, high-sucrose diet, metabolic disorders were induced in the animals, which exhibited increased body weight, extensive lipid deposition in the skeletal muscle and amyotrophy. Microarray profiles demonstrated the up-regulation of genes related to fat deposition and muscle growth inhibition. We outline a clear potential pathway that in combination with increased 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, promotes expression of a major inhibitor, myostatin, by converting corticosterone to cortisol, which leads to the growth inhibition of skeletal muscle. This research provides new insights into the treatment of muscle diseases induced by obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxue Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Jing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China; College of Animal Science, Yangtz University, Jinzhou, 434023, Hubei, PR China
| | - Leilei Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Jihan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Nan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China; Agricutural Genomes Institute at Shenzhen, CAAS, Shenzhen, 518120, PR China
| | - Yulian Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Yaoxing Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Shulin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China.
| | - Kui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, PR China; Agricutural Genomes Institute at Shenzhen, CAAS, Shenzhen, 518120, PR China
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Ajiboye TO, Raji HO, Adeleye AO, Adigun NS, Giwa OB, Ojewuyi OB, Oladiji AT. Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx palliates insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and oxidative rout in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome rats. J Sci Food Agric 2016; 96:1522-1531. [PMID: 25965053 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx extract was evaluated in high-fructose-induced metabolic syndrome rats. Insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and oxidative rout were induced in rats using high-fructose diet. High-fructose diet-fed rats were administered 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) body weight of H. sabdariffa extract for 3 weeks, starting from week 7 of high-fructose diet treatment. RESULTS High-fructose diet significantly (P < 0.05) increased the serum levels of blood glucose, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDLc), with a concomitant reduction in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc). These alterations were significantly ameliorated by the extract. High-fructose diet-mediated decreases in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSH-red) and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (Glc 6-PD) were significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated. Altered levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) were significantly (P < 0.05) restored to normal. High-fructose diet-mediated increases in the concentrations of malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, lipid hydroperoxides, protein carbonyl and percentage fragmented DNA were significantly (P < 0.05) lowered by the Hibiscus extract. CONCLUSION Overall, aqueous extract of H. sabdariffa palliates insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and oxidative rout in high-fructose-induced metabolic syndrome rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taofeek O Ajiboye
- Antioxidants, Free Radicals, Functional Foods and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Hikmat O Raji
- Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, Fountain University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Oluwayemisi B Ojewuyi
- Antioxidants, Free Radicals, Functional Foods and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria
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146
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Maneschi E, Cellai I, Aversa A, Mello T, Filippi S, Comeglio P, Bani D, Guasti D, Sarchielli E, Salvatore G, Morelli A, Mazzanti B, Corcetto F, Corno C, Francomano D, Galli A, Vannelli GB, Lenzi A, Mannucci E, Maggi M, Vignozzi L. Tadalafil reduces visceral adipose tissue accumulation by promoting preadipocytes differentiation towards a metabolically healthy phenotype: Studies in rabbits. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 424:50-70. [PMID: 26805634 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Development of metabolically healthy adipocytes within dysfunctional adipose tissue may represent an attractive way to counteract metabolic syndrome (MetS). In an experimental animal model of high fat diet (HFD)-induced MetS, in vivo, long- and short-term tadalafil treatments were able to reduce visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation and hypertriglyceridemia, and to induce the expression in VAT of the brown fat-specific marker, uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). VAT preadipocytes (PAD), isolated from the tadalafil-treated HFD rabbits, showed: i) a multilocular morphology; ii) an increased expression of brown fat-specific genes (such as UCP1 and CIDEA); iii) improved mitochondrial structure and dynamic and reduced superoxide production; iv) improved insulin sensitivity. Similar effects were obtained after in vitro tadalafil treatment in HFD rPAD. In conclusion, tadalafil counteracted HFD-associated VAT alterations, by restoring insulin-sensitivity and prompting preadipocytes differentiation towards a metabolically healthy phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Maneschi
- Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cellai
- Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Antonio Aversa
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Mello
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Sandra Filippi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Functional and Cellular Pharmacology of Reproduction, Department of Neuroscience, Drug Research and Child Care, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Comeglio
- Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniele Bani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Daniele Guasti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Erica Sarchielli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Salvatore
- Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Annamaria Morelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mazzanti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Corcetto
- Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Corno
- Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Davide Francomano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Galli
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriella Barbara Vannelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Mannucci
- Diabetes Section Geriatric Unit, Department of Critical Care, Careggi Hospital, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Maggi
- Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Linda Vignozzi
- Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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147
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Rushchak VV, Chashchyn MO. Cytochrome P450 2E1 participation in the pathogenesis of experimental metabolic syndrome in guinea pigs. Ukr Biochem J 2016; 88:98-106. [PMID: 29227611 DOI: 10.15407/ubj88.02.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work the experimental metabolic syndrome on the basis of protamine sulfate modeling in
guinea pigs was reproduced and pathological processes in the liver of experimental animals were studied.
We determined the level of free radicals and markers of liver damage in the blood of experimental animals.
We investigated the liver glycogen content and K+,Na+-ATPase activity in the liver of experimental animals
as well as measured the cytochrome P450 2E1 (CY P2E1) expression – one of the main factors of oxidative
stress. Evidence of development of hepatotoxic processes, increasing of the CY P2E1 level as well as of the
free radical level in the animals with metabolic syndrome were found. Using of CY P2E1 inhibitors had shown
that the free radical level in the blood of experimental animals depended on the level of the enzyme expression
and activity. The obtained results suggest that the changes in the CY P2E1 expression play an important
role in the development of hepatotoxic processes upon experimental metabolic syndrome. It was assumed that
pharmacological correction of the enzyme expression may be an important mechanism for the influence on
the metabolic syndrome clinical course.
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148
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Lee HA, Park SH, Hong YS, Ha EH, Park H. The Effect of Exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants on Metabolic Health among KOREAN Children during a 1-Year Follow-Up. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2016; 13:ijerph13030270. [PMID: 26938545 PMCID: PMC4808933 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13030270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Previous evidence suggests the potential for adverse effects of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) on metabolic health even at low-dose exposure levels common among the general population, but there is less evidence of these associations among children. Therefore, as part of a prospective cohort study, 214 children were measured for POPs exposure. After the 1-year follow-up, we assessed the effect of circulating POPs exposure among 158 children aged 7-9 years (at baseline) on the change of metabolic components of metabolic syndrome using multiple regression analysis. In addition, we calculated the continuous metabolic syndrome (cMetS) score and assessed the variation among individuals by POPs exposure. The concentrations of marker polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were significantly associated with increased change in diastolic blood pressure (BP) and triglyceride levels during a 1-year follow-up, after controlling for sex, age, household income, and change in body mass index. Total PCBs also showed a marginal association with increasing cMetS score from the baseline. Of the metabolic components, change in diastolic BP over time showed a notable association with specific PCBs, but no association with organochlorine pesticides. Here, we found that low-dose exposures to PCBs among children in the general population could negatively influence metabolic health, particularly diastolic BP. Increased disease sensitivity during childhood can continue to adulthood, thus, these results support the need for continuous assessment of the health impact of POPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ah Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-ku, Seoul 158-710, Korea.
| | - Su Hyun Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-ku, Seoul 158-710, Korea.
| | - Young Sun Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-ku, Seoul 158-710, Korea.
| | - Eun Hee Ha
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-ku, Seoul 158-710, Korea.
| | - Hyesook Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-ku, Seoul 158-710, Korea.
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149
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Dupas J, Goanvec C, Feray A, Guernec A, Alain C, Guerrero F, Mansourati J. Progressive Induction of Type 2 Diabetes: Effects of a Reality-Like Fructose Enriched Diet in Young Wistar Rats. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146821. [PMID: 26799836 PMCID: PMC4723014 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to characterize short and medium-lasting effects of fructose supplementation on young Wistar rats. The diet was similar to actual human consumption. Methods Three week old male rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: control (C; n = 16), fructose fed (FF; n = 16) with a fructose enriched drink for 6 or 12 weeks. Bodyweight, fasting glycemia and systolic blood pressure were monitored. Glucose tolerance was evaluated using an oral glucose tolerance test. Insulinemia was measured concomitantly and enable us to calculate insulin resistance markers (HOMA-IR, Insulin Sensitivity Index for glycemia: ISI-gly). Blood chemistry analyses were performed. Results After six weeks of fructose supplementation, rats were not overweight but presented increased fasting glycemia, reduced glucose tolerance, and lower insulin sensitivity compared to control group. Systolic blood pressure and heart weight were also increased without any change in renal function (theoretical creatinine clearance). After twelve weeks of fructose supplementation, FF rats had increased bodyweight and presented insulin resistance (higher HOMA-IR, lower ISI-gly). Rats also presented higher heart volume and lower ASAT/ALAT ratio (presumed liver lesion). Surprisingly, the Total Cholesterol/Triglycerides ratio was increased only after six weeks of fructose supplementation, predicting a higher LDL presence and thus a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease. This risk was no longer present after twelve weeks of a fructose enriched diet. Conclusion On young Wistar rats, six weeks of fructose supplementation is sufficient to induce signs of metabolic syndrome. After twelve weeks of fructose enriched diet, rats are insulin resistant. This model enabled us to study longitudinally the early development of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Dupas
- Optimisation des Régulations Physiologiques, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Christelle Goanvec
- Optimisation des Régulations Physiologiques, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
- UFR Sciences et Techniques, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Annie Feray
- Optimisation des Régulations Physiologiques, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
- UFR Sport et Education Physique, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Anthony Guernec
- Optimisation des Régulations Physiologiques, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
- UFR Sport et Education Physique, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Charlène Alain
- Optimisation des Régulations Physiologiques, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - François Guerrero
- Optimisation des Régulations Physiologiques, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
- UFR Sport et Education Physique, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Jacques Mansourati
- Optimisation des Régulations Physiologiques, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
- Département de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Brest, Brest, France
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150
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Medvedev IN. [Dynamics of violations of intravascular platelet activity in rats during the formation of metabolic syndrome using fructose models]. Vopr Pitan 2016; 85:42-46. [PMID: 27228700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To trace the development of disorders intravascular platelet activity in experimental form of the metabolic syndrome. The study included 61 rat male Wistar rats at the age of 2.5-3 months. Animals were divided into 2 groups: 32 rats were given free access to drink 10% solution of fructose for 8 weeks and 29 rats were the control group. The level of the total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLD cholesterol) and triglycerides were determined using colorimetric enzymatic method. The blood plasma content of endothelin-1 was determined by radioimmunoassay, thromboxane B2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin F(1α)--by ELISA. The total content of nitrogen oxide metabolites was revealed in blood. Intravascular platelet activity was assessed using phase contrast microscopy. In terms of fructose load in rats simultaneously with the increase of body weight and the development of biochemical disorders that are characteristic for the metabolic syndrome, there comes a marked progressive increase in intravascular platelet activity [reduction of the number of discocytes from 81.0 ± 0.1 to 61.3 ± 0.2%, increase in the number of reactive platelets from 19.0 ± 0.1 to 38.7 ± 0.2%, an increase in the number of freely moving in the blood of small units from 2.4 ± 0.0 to 14.6 ± 0.1 per 100 free platelets, and of medium and large units (from 4 or more cells) from 0.1 ± 0.03 to 2.3 ± 0.06 per 100 free platelets], largely due to the increase (p < 0.01) of the synthesis of thromboxane B2 (from 145.9 ± 0.2 to 232.6 ± 0.7 pg/ml), endothelin-4 (from 6.9 ± 0.2 to 12.5 ± 0.4 pg/ml) and reduction (p < 0.01) of the generation of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (from 75.9 ± 0.2 to 62.3 ± 0.4 pg/ml), and the total amount of nitric oxide metabolites (from 27.9 ± 0.3 to 23.2 ± 0.1 mmol/l).
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