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Karagun B, Altug S. Anabolic-androgenic steroids are linked to depression and anxiety in male bodybuilders: the hidden psychogenic side of anabolic androgenic steroids. Ann Med 2024; 56:2337717. [PMID: 38590148 PMCID: PMC11005876 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2337717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) use is on the rise among athletes and bodybuilders worldwide. In addition to the well-documented adverse effects on hepatic, renal, and reproductive functions, there is an increasing recognition of psychiatric complications associated with AAS use. This study aimed to investigate psychiatric morbidity among male bodybuilders who are AAS users. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 25 male bodybuilders using AAS (mean age 31.2 ± 8.9 years) were compared with a control group of 25 healthy male bodybuilders matched in age (31.3 ± 5.5 years). The demographic, hormonal, and biochemical parameters of the participants were recorded. The impact of AAS use on psychiatric morbidity was assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) in both groups. RESULTS The BDI and BAI scores were significantly higher in male bodybuilders using anabolic-androgenic steroids (p < 0.0001). While the control group showed no instances of anxiety, seven individuals in the AAS user group reported mild anxiety. No participants in the control group exhibited depression, whereas seven AAS users displayed depressive symptoms (4 mild, 3 moderate). Correlations were observed between lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and BAI scores, creatinine levels and both BAI and BDI scores, as well as between estradiol levels and BDI. CONCLUSION The study concluded that AAS use among male bodybuilders is associated with elevated levels of depression and anxiety. Our findings suggest a potential correlation between anxiety and depression levels and the levels of creatinine, LDH, and estradiol in AAS users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Karagun
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Toros State Hospital, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Selin Altug
- Division of Psychiatry, Toros State Hospital, Mersin, Turkey
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2
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D'Amico F, Landoni G. Protective hemodynamics: a novel strategy to manage blood pressure. Curr Opin Crit Care 2024:00075198-990000000-00208. [PMID: 39248080 DOI: 10.1097/mcc.0000000000001205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This editorial aims to highlight the evolving concept of protective hemodynamics in the management of critically ill patients. RECENT FINDINGS Recent literature underscores the limitations of rigid blood pressure targets, particularly in the context of critical care and perioperative management. High blood pressure targets, especially when coupled with high-dose vasopressors, can lead to poor outcomes. 'Protective hemodynamics' aims to maintain cardiovascular stability while reducing risks associated with interventions. SUMMARY The implications of adopting protective hemodynamics are profound for both clinical practice and research. Clinically, this approach can reduce iatrogenic harm and improve long-term outcomes for critically ill patients. For research, it opens new avenues for investigating individualized hemodynamic management strategies that prioritize overall patient stability and long-term health over rigid target attainment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo D'Amico
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute
| | - Giovanni Landoni
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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3
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Inci K, Aygencel G, Gökçe O, Türkoğlu M, Aydın Kaynar L, Can F, Yeğin ZA, Özkurt ZN, Yağcı AM. Prognostic value of hyperlactatemia and lactate clearance in septic patients with hematological malignancies. Ann Hematol 2024:10.1007/s00277-024-05977-5. [PMID: 39235491 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-024-05977-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coexistence of sepsis and hematological malignancies increases patient vulnerability, revealing the need for precise prognostic markers. This study explores the prognostic significance of lactate levels and clearance in septic patients with hematological malignancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study from January 2016 to December 2019 in a tertiary hematological intensive care unit (ICU) included 167 adults with hematological malignancies and sepsis. The relationship between lactate levels, hyperlactatemia, lactate clearance, and ICU outcomes was investigated. ICU survivors and non-survivors were compared to identify the factors affecting ICU mortality. RESULTS Patients were primarily with lymphoma and acute leukemia (66%) and had frequent hyperlactatemia (64%) on ICU admission. ICU non-survivors demonstrated higher lactate levels and hyperlactatemia frequency at various time points (0, 6, and 12 h) than survivors. Lactate clearance and liver function tests did not differ significantly between the two groups. Invasive mechanical ventilation [OR (95% confidence interval-CI): 20.4 (2.4-79.8), p < 0.01], requirement of vasopressors [OR (95% CI): 5.6 (1.3-24.5), p < 0.01], lactate level at the 6th hour [OR (95% CI): 1.51 (1.1-2.07), p = 0.01], and APACHE II score (OR (95% CI): 1.16 (1.01-1.34), p = 0.05) were independent risk factors for ICU mortality. The Area Under the Curve for APACHE II score and lactate level at the 6th hour were 0.774 (95% CI: 0.682-0.866) and 0.703 (95% CI: 0.602-0.804), respectively. CONCLUSION While elevated lactate levels correlate with mortality rate and lactate level at the 6th hour is an independent risk factor for mortality, the absence of a significant difference in lactate clearance challenges traditional assumptions. These results question the commonly accepted perspective regarding lactate dynamics in sepsis among individuals with hematological malignancies. ORAL PRESENTATION İnci K, et al. "Hyperlactatemia, lactate clearance and outcome in critically ill patients with hematological malignancies," 22nd ınternational intensive care symposium, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Inci
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Critical Care, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Gülbin Aygencel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Critical Care, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Onur Gökçe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Critical Care, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melda Türkoğlu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Critical Care, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Lale Aydın Kaynar
- Department of Hematology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ferda Can
- Department of Hematology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Arzu Yeğin
- Department of Hematology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zübeyde Nur Özkurt
- Department of Hematology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Janovsky CCPS, Meneghini V, Tebar W, Martins JRM, Sgarbi JA, Teixeira PDFDS, Jones SR, Blaha MJ, Toth PP, Lotufo PA, Bittencourt MS, Santos RD, Santos IS, Chaker L, Bensenor IM. Branched-Chain Amino Acids, Alanine, and Thyroid Function: A Cross-Sectional, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-Based Approach from ELSA-Brasil. Metabolites 2024; 14:437. [PMID: 39195533 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14080437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The association of thyroid function with essential and non-essential amino acids is understudied, despite their common metabolic roles. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the association of thyroid function with the levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs-leucine, isoleucine, and valine) and of alanine in the general population. We utilized data from the São Paulo research center of ELSA-Brasil, a longitudinal population-based cohort study. Thyroid parameters included thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4 and free T3 levels, and the FT4:FT3 ratio. BCAAs and alanine were analyzed on a fully automated NMR platform. The current analysis included euthyroid participants and participants with subclinical hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. We used Pearson's coefficient to quantify the correlation between thyroid-related parameters and amino acids. Linear regression models were performed to analyze whether thyroid parameters were associated with BCAAs and alanine levels. We included 4098 participants (51.3 ± 9.0 years old, 51.5% women) in this study. In the most adjusted model, higher levels of TSH were associated with higher levels of alanine, FT4 levels were inversely associated with isoleucine levels, FT3 levels were statistically significant and positively associated with valine and leucine, and the T3:T4 ratio was positively associated with all amino acids. We observed that subclinical hypothyroidism was positively associated with isoleucine and alanine levels in all models, even after full adjustment. Our findings highlight the association of subclinical hypothyroidism and thyroid-related parameters (including TSH, free T4, free T3, and FT4:FT3 ratio) with BCAAs and alanine. Further studies are needed to explore the mechanisms underlying this association. These insights contribute to our understanding of the influence of thyroid-related parameters on BCAA and alanine metabolism.
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Grants
- grants of baseline: 01 06 0010.00 RS, 01 06 0212.00 BA, 01 06 0300.00 ES, 01 06 0278.00 MG, 01 06 0115.00 SP, 01 06 0071.00 RJ; and grants of 4-year follow-up 01 10 0643-03 RS, 01 10 0742-00 BA, 01 12 0284-00 ES, 01 10 0746-00 MG, 01 10 0773-00 SP, and 01 National Council for Scientific and Technological Development
- 2015/17213- 2 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Castro Porto Silva Janovsky
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
- Division of Endocrinology, Federal University of São Paulo/Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Vandrize Meneghini
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - William Tebar
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Joao Roberto Maciel Martins
- Division of Endocrinology, Federal University of São Paulo/Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
| | - José Augusto Sgarbi
- Division of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine of Marília (FAMEMA), Marília 17519-030, Brazil
| | | | - Steven R Jones
- Johns Hopkins, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Michael J Blaha
- Johns Hopkins, Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Peter P Toth
- CGH Medical Center, Department of Preventive Cardiology, Sterling, IL 61081, USA
| | - Paulo A Lotufo
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Marcio S Bittencourt
- Department of Medicine and Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Raul D Santos
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil
| | - Itamar S Santos
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Layal Chaker
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Isabela M Bensenor
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
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de Fátima Cobre A, Alves AC, Gotine ARM, Domingues KZA, Lazo REL, Ferreira LM, Tonin FS, Pontarolo R. Novel COVID-19 biomarkers identified through multi-omics data analysis: N-acetyl-4-O-acetylneuraminic acid, N-acetyl-L-alanine, N-acetyltriptophan, palmitoylcarnitine, and glycerol 1-myristate. Intern Emerg Med 2024; 19:1439-1458. [PMID: 38416303 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-024-03547-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to apply machine learning models to identify new biomarkers associated with the early diagnosis and prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.Plasma and serum samples from COVID-19 patients (mild, moderate, and severe), patients with other pneumonia (but with negative COVID-19 RT-PCR), and healthy volunteers (control) from hospitals in four different countries (China, Spain, France, and Italy) were analyzed by GC-MS, LC-MS, and NMR. Machine learning models (PCA and PLS-DA) were developed to predict the diagnosis and prognosis of COVID-19 and identify biomarkers associated with these outcomes.A total of 1410 patient samples were analyzed. The PLS-DA model presented a diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of around 95% of all analyzed data. A total of 23 biomarkers (e.g., spermidine, taurine, L-aspartic, L-glutamic, L-phenylalanine and xanthine, ornithine, and ribothimidine) have been identified as being associated with the diagnosis and prognosis of COVID-19. Additionally, we also identified for the first time five new biomarkers (N-Acetyl-4-O-acetylneuraminic acid, N-Acetyl-L-Alanine, N-Acetyltriptophan, palmitoylcarnitine, and glycerol 1-myristate) that are also associated with the severity and diagnosis of COVID-19. These five new biomarkers were elevated in severe COVID-19 patients compared to patients with mild disease or healthy volunteers.The PLS-DA model was able to predict the diagnosis and prognosis of COVID-19 around 95%. Additionally, our investigation pinpointed five novel potential biomarkers linked to the diagnosis and prognosis of COVID-19: N-Acetyl-4-O-acetylneuraminic acid, N-Acetyl-L-Alanine, N-Acetyltriptophan, palmitoylcarnitine, and glycerol 1-myristate. These biomarkers exhibited heightened levels in severe COVID-19 patients compared to those with mild COVID-19 or healthy volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexessander Couto Alves
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | | | | | | | - Luana Mota Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Campus III, Av. Pref. Lothário Meissner, 632, Jardim Botânico, Curitiba, PR, 80210-170, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Stumpf Tonin
- H&TRC - Health & Technology Research Centre, ESTeSL, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Roberto Pontarolo
- Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Campus III, Av. Pref. Lothário Meissner, 632, Jardim Botânico, Curitiba, PR, 80210-170, Brazil.
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Bonet J, Barbieri E, Santoro N, Dalla Man C. Modeling Glucose, Insulin, C-Peptide, and Lactate Interplay in Adolescents During an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2024:19322968241266825. [PMID: 39076151 DOI: 10.1177/19322968241266825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactate is not considered just a "waste product" of anaerobic glycolysis anymore. It has been proved to play a key role in several metabolic diseases, such as in the metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, obesity, and diabetes. The capability of simulating glucose-insulin-lactate interaction would be useful to design and test drugs targeting lactate metabolism in such pathological conditions. Minimal models are available, which describe and quantify glucose-lactate interaction but models to simulate postprandial glucose-insulin-C-peptide-lactate time courses are missing. The aim of this study is to fill this gap. METHODS Starting from the Padova Type 2 Diabetes Simulator (T2DS), we first added a description of glucose-lactate kinetics and then created a population of 100 in silico subjects to match glucose-insulin-C-peptide-lactate data of 44 adolescents with/without obesity who underwent a standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) of 75 g. RESULTS The developed model accurately predicts all molecules time courses, guaranteeing precise model parameter estimates (percent coefficient of variation [CV%] median [25th-75th percentile] = 19 [9-29]%). The generated in silico population shows good agreement with the clinical data in terms of area under the curve (AUC) (P = .6, .6, .9, .6 for glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and lactate, respectively) and parameter distributions (P > .1). CONCLUSIONS We have developed a simulator to describe glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and lactate kinetics during an OGTT, which captures the behavior of a real population of adolescents with/without obesity both in terms of average and intersubject variability. Such simulator can be used to investigate the pharmacodynamics of drugs targeting lactate metabolic pathway in various pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Bonet
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Emiliano Barbieri
- Section of Pediatrics, Department of Translational Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Nicola Santoro
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, "V. Tiberio" University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Chiara Dalla Man
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
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Liu T, Xu Y, Hu S, Feng S, Zhang H, Zhu X, Wang C. Alanine, a potential amino acid biomarker of pediatric sepsis: a pilot study in PICU. Amino Acids 2024; 56:48. [PMID: 39060743 PMCID: PMC11281965 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-024-03408-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is characterized by a metabolic disorder of amino acid occurs in the early stage; however, the profile of serum amino acids and their alterations associated with the onset of sepsis remain unclear. Thus, our objective is to identify the specific kinds of amino acids as diagnostic biomarkers in pediatric patients with sepsis. Serum samples were collected from patients with sepsis admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) between January 2019 and December 2019 on the 1st, 3rd and 7th day following admission. Demographic and laboratory variables were also retrieved from the medical records specified times. Serum amino acid concentrations were detected by UPLC-MS/MS system. PLS-DA (VIP > 1.0) and Kruskal-Wallis test (p < 0.05) were employed to identify potential biomarkers. Spearman's rank correlation analysis was conducted to find the potential association between amino acid levels and clinical features. The diagnostic utility for pediatric sepsis was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Most of amino acid contents in serum were significantly decreased in patients with sepsis, but approached normal levels by the seventh day post-diagnosis. Threonine (THR), lysine (LYS), valine (VAL) and alanine (ALA) emerged as potential biomarkers related for sepsis occurrence, though they were not associated with PELOD/PELOD-2 scores. Moreover, alterations in serum THR, LYS and ALA were linked to complications of brain injury, and serum ALA levels were also related to sepsis-associated acute kidney injury. Further analysis revealed that ALA was significantly correlated with the Glasgow score, serum lactate and glucose levels, C-reactive protein (CRP), and other indicators for liver or kidney dysfunction. Notably, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for ALA in distinguishing sepsis from healthy controls was 0.977 (95% CI: 0.925-1.000). The serum amino acid profile of children with sepsis is significantly altered compared to that of healthy controls. Notably, ALA shows promise as a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis in septic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 355 Luding Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yaya Xu
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shaohua Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Shuyun Feng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 355 Luding Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Chunxia Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 355 Luding Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200062, China.
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China.
- Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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8
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Kajihara K, Matsuura T, Uchida Y, Shohei M, Toriigahara Y, Takahashi Y, Tajiri T. Serum Lactate Clearance as a Predictive Biomarker for Optimal Graft Perfusion in Living Donor Liver Transplantation. J Pediatr Surg 2024:161647. [PMID: 39160116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal balance between the graft volume (GV) and portal venous flow (PVF) in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is unclear. As lactate is mainly metabolized in the liver, perioperative lactate levels are reportedly a useful biomarker for early graft dysfunction (EGD). The present study analyzed perioperative lactate levels according to the PVF. METHODS The PVF/GV (mL/min per 100 g GV) of 97 recipients from 1996 to 2022 was retrospectively classified as low (LPVF; PVF/GV ≤ 100, N = 29), moderate (MPVF; PVF/GV 100-250, N = 40), or high (HPVF; PVF/GV > 250, N = 28). Lactate levels were obtained preoperatively (L0), immediately after graft reperfusion (L1), 4 h after reperfusion (L2), and on postoperative day 3 (L3). The lactate clearances were then calculated. RESULTS The lower the PVF/GV ratio, the younger the age at LDLT and the higher the graft-to-recipient weight ratio. The median L2 and L3 in the HPVF group were significantly higher than those in the other groups (p = 0.019 and p = 0.003, respectively). The median ΔL1 in the HPVF group was lower than that in the LPVF and MPVF groups (0.23 vs. 0.50, p < 0.0001 and 0.23 vs. 0.41, p = 0.011, respectively). ΔL1 was negatively correlated with the PVF/GV. Although no patient had EGD, three patients with HPVF with low ΔL1 developed small-for-size syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Graft hyperperfusion may delay the recovery of the graft function and result in poor lactate clearance. The combination of the PVF/GV and lactate clearance may be useful as a prognostic marker for optimal graft perfusion in LDLT. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Kajihara
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Matsuura
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Yasuyuki Uchida
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Maeda Shohei
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Toriigahara
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Takahashi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Tajiri
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Zhang D, Gao J, Zhu Z, Mao Q, Xu Z, Singh PK, Rimayi CC, Moreno-Yruela C, Xu S, Li G, Sin YC, Chen Y, Olsen CA, Snyder NW, Dai L, Li L, Zhao Y. Lysine L-lactylation is the dominant lactylation isomer induced by glycolysis. Nat Chem Biol 2024:10.1038/s41589-024-01680-8. [PMID: 39030363 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-024-01680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Lysine L-lactylation (Kl-la) is a novel protein posttranslational modification (PTM) driven by L-lactate. This PTM has three isomers: Kl-la, N-ε-(carboxyethyl)-lysine (Kce) and D-lactyl-lysine (Kd-la), which are often confused in the context of the Warburg effect and nuclear presence. Here we introduce two methods to differentiate these isomers: a chemical derivatization and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis for efficient separation, and isomer-specific antibodies for high-selectivity identification. We demonstrated that Kl-la is the primary lactylation isomer on histones and dynamically regulated by glycolysis, not Kd-la or Kce, which are observed when the glyoxalase system was incomplete. The study also reveals that lactyl-coenzyme A, a precursor in L-lactylation, correlates positively with Kl-la levels. This work not only provides a methodology for distinguishing other PTM isomers, but also highlights Kl-la as the primary responder to glycolysis and the Warburg effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jinjun Gao
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhijun Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Qianying Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cornelius C Rimayi
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carlos Moreno-Yruela
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shuling Xu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Gongyu Li
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Research Center for Analytical Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi-Cheng Sin
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Christian A Olsen
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nathaniel W Snyder
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Yingming Zhao
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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10
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Ou Y, Guo Y, Wang H, Guo Z, Zheng B. Porphyra haitanensis glycoprotein regulates glucose homeostasis: targeting the liver. Food Funct 2024; 15:7491-7508. [PMID: 38916282 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01544d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of glycoprotein (PG)-mediated regulation of Porphyra haitanensis on liver glucose metabolism in hyperglycemic mouse models, and sought to establish the underlying mechanism, as determined by the changes in liver gene expression and metabolic profiles. The results showed that 30-300 mg kg-1 PG upregulated the expression of the liver genes Ins1, Ins2, Insr, Gys2, Gpi1, Gck, and downregulated the expression of G6pc, G6pc2, and G6pc3, in a concentration-dependent manner. 300 mg kg-1 PG downregulated the concentrations of glucose-related metabolites in the liver, but upregulated lactic acid, 2-aminoacetic acid, and glucose-1-phosphate concentrations. It was assumed that PG regulated liver glucose metabolism by enriching insulin secretion, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and the AMPK signaling pathway, and promoting insulin secretion, glycogen synthesis, and glycolysis. Our findings supported the development of P. haitanensis and its glycoproteins as novel natural antidiabetic compounds that regulated blood glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Ou
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuehong Guo
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Zebin Guo
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Baodong Zheng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
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11
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Bartoloni B, Mannelli M, Gamberi T, Fiaschi T. The Multiple Roles of Lactate in the Skeletal Muscle. Cells 2024; 13:1177. [PMID: 39056759 PMCID: PMC11274880 DOI: 10.3390/cells13141177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Believed for a long time to be merely a waste product of cell metabolism, lactate is now considered a molecule with several roles, having metabolic and signalling functions together with a new, recently discovered role as an epigenetic modulator. Lactate produced by the skeletal muscle during physical exercise is conducted to the liver, which uses the metabolite as a gluconeogenic precursor, thus generating the well-known "Cori cycle". Moreover, the presence of lactate in the mitochondria associated with the lactate oxidation complex has become increasingly clear over the years. The signalling role of lactate occurs through binding with the GPR81 receptor, which triggers the typical signalling cascade of the G-protein-coupled receptors. Recently, it has been demonstrated that lactate regulates chromatin state and gene transcription by binding to histones. This review aims to describe the different roles of lactate in skeletal muscle, in both healthy and pathological conditions, and to highlight how lactate can influence muscle regeneration by acting directly on satellite cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Bartoloni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche "M. Serio", Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Michele Mannelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche "M. Serio", Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Tania Gamberi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche "M. Serio", Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Tania Fiaschi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sperimentali e Cliniche "M. Serio", Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy
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12
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Alkahtani A, Grootveld M, Bhogadia M, Baysan A. Exploring Salivary Metabolic Alterations in Type 2 Diabetes: Implications for Dental Caries and Potential Influences of HbA1c and Vitamin D Levels. Metabolites 2024; 14:372. [PMID: 39057695 PMCID: PMC11279097 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14070372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is considered to be the most common health issue affecting almost 1 in 11 adults globally. Oral health complications including xerostomia, periodontal disease, dental caries, and soft tissue lesions are prevalent among individuals with diabetes, and therefore an understanding of the potential association between salivary metabolites and dental caries progression would enable the early detection and prevention of this non-communicable disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare salivary biomarkers between individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with those without this disorder (ND) using 1H NMR-based metabolomics strategies. The objectives were to identify T2DM-associated biomarker signatures and their potential impact on dental caries. In addition, HbA1c and vitamin D levels were also analysed for this purpose. METHODS Stimulated whole-mouth saliva (SWS) samples were collected from T2DM and ND (n = 30 in each case) participants randomly selected from a group of 128 participants recruited for this case-control study. All participants were advised to refrain from eating, drinking, and smoking for at least 1-2 h prior to sample collection. Following preparation, SWS supernatants underwent 1H NMR analysis at an operating frequency of 800 MHz, and the dataset acquired was analysed using a range of multivariate metabolomics techniques. RESULTS Metabolomics analysis of data acquired demonstrated that, together with up- and downregulated blood HbA1c and vitamin D levels, key salivary discriminators between these two classifications included lactate, taurine, creatinine, α-glucose, and formate to a lesser extent. The bacterial catabolites lactate and formate were both significantly upregulated in the T2DM group, and these have previously been implicated in the pathogenesis of dental caries. Significance analysis of metabolites (SAM)-facilitated AUROC analysis yielded an 83% accuracy for this distinction. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study highlights the significant differences in salivary metabolites between individuals with T2DM and healthy controls. Such differences appear to be related to the development and progression of dental caries in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwaq Alkahtani
- Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AD, UK;
| | - Martin Grootveld
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK; (M.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Mohammed Bhogadia
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK; (M.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Aylin Baysan
- Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AD, UK;
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13
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Maggi G, Chiaradia E, Vullo A, Seccaroni M, Valli L, Busechian S, Caivano D, Porciello F, Caloiero S, Marchesi MC. Serum D-Lactate Concentrations in Dogs with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1704. [PMID: 38891751 PMCID: PMC11171325 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The D-enantiomer of lactic acid (D-lactate) is normally produced from bacterial fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract in mammals. In humans, increased D-lactate concentrations are related to gastrointestinal disease, including short bowel syndrome and malabsorptive syndrome. Similarly, increased D-lactate concentrations have been described in calves affected by diarrhea, in cats with gastrointestinal diseases, and in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. The purpose of the present study was to measure the serum D-lactate concentrations in dogs with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We retrospectively reviewed data from the database of the VTH of Perugia University, and dogs affected by IBD with serum samples stored at -80 °C were considered eligible for inclusion. A total of 18 dogs with IBD and 10 healthy dogs were included in the study. The dogs with IBD were divided into three subcategories based on the severity of the disease. Serum D-lactate concentrations (μM) were determined using a commercially available colorimetric assay kit (D-Lactate Colorimetric Assay Kit; Catalog #K667-100, BioVision Inc., Milpitas, CA, USA). Our results showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the serum concentrations of D-lactate between dogs with various degrees of IBD and healthy dogs. However, the wide variability of the D-lactate concentrations in dogs with IBD and evidence of increased serum D-lactate concentrations in dogs with confirmed dysbiosis encourage further studies on this topic to understand potential factors influencing the serum D-lactate concentrations in dogs affected by IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Maggi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (G.M.); (E.C.); (A.V.); (M.S.); (S.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Elisabetta Chiaradia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (G.M.); (E.C.); (A.V.); (M.S.); (S.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Alice Vullo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (G.M.); (E.C.); (A.V.); (M.S.); (S.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Matteo Seccaroni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (G.M.); (E.C.); (A.V.); (M.S.); (S.B.); (F.P.)
| | | | - Sara Busechian
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (G.M.); (E.C.); (A.V.); (M.S.); (S.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Domenico Caivano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (G.M.); (E.C.); (A.V.); (M.S.); (S.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Francesco Porciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (G.M.); (E.C.); (A.V.); (M.S.); (S.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Sabrina Caloiero
- Kennel Training Course Castiglione del Lago of Financial Guard, Via Lungolago 46, 06061 Castiglione del Lago, Italy;
| | - Maria Chiara Marchesi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (G.M.); (E.C.); (A.V.); (M.S.); (S.B.); (F.P.)
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14
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Malla A, Gupta S, Sur R. Glycolytic enzymes in non-glycolytic web: functional analysis of the key players. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:351-378. [PMID: 38196050 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01213-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
To survive in the tumour microenvironment, cancer cells undergo rapid metabolic reprograming and adaptability. One of the key characteristics of cancer is increased glycolytic selectivity and decreased oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Apart from ATP synthesis, glycolysis is also responsible for NADH regeneration and macromolecular biosynthesis, such as amino acid biosynthesis and nucleotide biosynthesis. This allows cancer cells to survive and proliferate even in low-nutrient and oxygen conditions, making glycolytic enzymes a promising target for various anti-cancer agents. Oncogenic activation is also caused by the uncontrolled production and activity of glycolytic enzymes. Nevertheless, in addition to conventional glycolytic processes, some glycolytic enzymes are involved in non-canonical functions such as transcriptional regulation, autophagy, epigenetic changes, inflammation, various signaling cascades, redox regulation, oxidative stress, obesity and fatty acid metabolism, diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders, and hypoxia. The mechanisms underlying the non-canonical glycolytic enzyme activities are still not comprehensive. This review summarizes the current findings on the mechanisms fundamental to the non-glycolytic actions of glycolytic enzymes and their intermediates in maintaining the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avirup Malla
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Suvroma Gupta
- Department of Aquaculture Management, Khejuri college, West Bengal, Baratala, India.
| | - Runa Sur
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.
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15
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Katsumata S, Fujikawa H, Nakamura T, Suzuki S. Lactic Acidosis Induced by Excessive Use of a Long-Acting Beta Agonist. Cureus 2024; 16:e63339. [PMID: 39070350 PMCID: PMC11283626 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactic acidosis is associated with poorer clinical outcomes in critical care. The causes of this condition are divided into two groups: type A (tissue hypoxia) and type B (metabolic abnormalities). Of these, drug-induced lactic acidosis is categorized as type B and is often overlooked due to clinicians' poor awareness. We herein report a rare case of drug-induced lactic acidosis due to excessive use of a long-acting beta agonist (LABA) in a patient with asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap exacerbation. He initially presented with markedly elevated lactate and metabolic acidosis with unknown etiology. A detailed medical interview revealed that he had inhaled a large amount of LABA on the day of admission, which led to our final diagnosis. The patient's respiratory status and lactate levels gradually improved with the appropriate use of inhalation therapy. While there have been many recent reports of lactic acidosis caused by short-acting beta agonists, our case suggests that excessive use of LABAs may also lead to lactic acidosis. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility that LABAs can cause lactic acidosis because poor awareness of the condition may lead to inappropriate patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saho Katsumata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Suwa Central Hospital, Nagano, JPN
| | - Hirohisa Fujikawa
- Center for General Medicine Education, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, JPN
- Department of Internal Medicine, Suwa Central Hospital, Nagano, JPN
| | - Takashi Nakamura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Suwa Central Hospital, Nagano, JPN
| | - Shinko Suzuki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Suwa Central Hospital, Nagano, JPN
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16
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Morelli AM, Scholkmann F. Should the standard model of cellular energy metabolism be reconsidered? Possible coupling between the pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis and extra-mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Biochimie 2024; 221:99-109. [PMID: 38307246 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The process of cellular respiration occurs for energy production through catabolic reactions, generally with glucose as the first process step. In the present work, we introduce a novel concept for understanding this process, based on our conclusion that glucose metabolism is coupled to the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and extra-mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in a closed-loop process. According to the current standard model of glycolysis, glucose is first converted to glucose 6-phosphate (glucose 6-P) and then to fructose 6-phosphate, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate, which then enters the Krebs cycle in the mitochondria. However, it is more likely that the pyruvate will be converted to lactate. In the PPP, glucose 6-P is branched off from glycolysis and used to produce NADPH and ribulose 5-phosphate (ribulose 5-P). Ribulose 5-P can be converted to fructose 6-P and glyceraldehyde 3-P. In our view, a circular process can take place in which the ribulose 5-P produced by the PPP enters the glycolysis pathway and is then retrogradely converted to glucose 6-P. This process is repeated several times until the complete degradation of glucose 6-P. The role of mitochondria in this process is to degrade lipids by beta-oxidation and produce acetyl-CoA; the function of producing ATP appears to be only secondary. This proposed new concept of cellular bioenergetics allows the resolution of some previously unresolved controversies related to cellular respiration and provides a deeper understanding of metabolic processes in the cell, including new insights into the Warburg effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felix Scholkmann
- Neurophotonics and Biosignal Processing Research Group, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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17
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Yui J, Okano S, Takeuchi M, Nishizawa H. Effect of active recovery using individual maximum exercise capacity: a pilot study. J Phys Ther Sci 2024; 36:337-342. [PMID: 38832220 PMCID: PMC11144474 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.36.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The intensity of active recovery (AR) for performance recovery is often determined using breath gas analyzers and other special equipment. However, such procedures are difficult to perform in the field or where facilities are inadequate. Although several AR methods using simple patient-derived information have been proposed, only a few have specifically addressed their immediate effects. The present study aimed to quantify the immediate effects of AR, which was determined using the maximum exercise capacity calculated using a physical fitness test without specialized devices. [Participants and Methods] Thirty-two healthy male participants were equally divided into AR and control groups. Each group performed squat jumps, followed by a recovery intervention of jogging at a set intensity in the AR group or rest in a seated position in the control group. Standing long jumps performed before and after the squat jumps as well as after the intervention were analyzed. [Results] The recovery rate for standing long jumps was significantly higher in the AR group than in the control group. [Conclusion] The results of this pilot study indicate that the implementation of AR based on maximum exercise capacity may enhance performance recovery and requires further validation in larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joya Yui
- JA Nagano Koseiren Kakeyu-Misayama Rehabilitation Center,
Japan
| | - Satomi Okano
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences,
Iryo Sosei University: 5-5-1 Chuodai Iino, Iwaki, Fukushima 970-8551, Japan
| | | | - Hitomi Nishizawa
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Shinshu
University, Japan
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18
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Almasnaah A, Ndukwe S, Martin AA. Ascending Weakness in a Girl With Persistent Lactic Acidosis. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2024; 63:863-867. [PMID: 37642468 DOI: 10.1177/00099228231196740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aiman Almasnaah
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Samson Ndukwe
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Amarilis A Martin
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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19
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Yang M, Hutchinson N, Ye N, Yin J, Guan M, Wang Z, Chen P, Yang S, Crane JD, Zhang K, He X, Li J. Engineered Bacillus subtilis as oral probiotics to enhance clearance of blood lactate. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.11.30.569300. [PMID: 38076834 PMCID: PMC10705430 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.30.569300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Elevated lactate concentrations are implicated in various acute and chronic diseases such as sepsis and mitochondrial dysfunction, respectively. Conversely, ineffective lactate clearance is associated with poor clinical prognoses and high mortality in these diseases. While several groups have proposed using small molecule inhibitors and enzyme replacement to reduce circulating lactate, there are few practical and effective ways to manage this condition. Recent evidence suggests that lactate is exchanged between systemic circulation and the gut, allowing bidirectional modulation between the gut microbiota and peripheral tissues. Inspired by these findings, this work seeks to engineer spore-forming probiotic B. subtilis strains to enable intestinal delivery of lactate oxidase as a therapeutic enzyme. After strain optimization, we showed that oral administration of engineered B. subtilis spores to the gut of mice reduced elevations in blood lactate in two different mouse models involving exogenous challenge or pharmacologic perturbation without disrupting gut microbiota composition, liver function, or immune homeostasis. Taken together, through the oral delivery of engineered probiotic spores to the gastrointestinal tract, our proof-of-concept study offers a practical strategy to aid in the management of disease states with elevated blood lactate and provides a new approach to 'knocking down' circulating metabolites to help understand their roles in host physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
| | - Noah Hutchinson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Ningyuan Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Jianing Yin
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
| | - Ming Guan
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
| | - Zongqi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Peiru Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
| | - Shaobo Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
| | - Justin D. Crane
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
| | - Xuesong He
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02142, United States
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
| | - Jiahe Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
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20
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Du X, Yan Y, Dai Y, Xu R. Yogurt Alleviates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in Mice through D-Lactate. Nutrients 2024; 16:1395. [PMID: 38732641 PMCID: PMC11085661 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have investigated the immunomodulatory effects of yogurt, but the underlying mechanism remained elusive. This study aimed to elucidate the alleviating properties of yogurt on immunosuppression and proposed the underlying mechanism was related to the metabolite D-lactate. In the healthy mice, we validated the safety of daily yogurt consumption (600 μL) or D-lactate (300 mg/kg). In immunosuppressed mice induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX), we evaluated the immune regulation of yogurt and D-lactate. The result showed that yogurt restored body weight, boosted immune organ index, repaired splenic tissue, recovered the severity of delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions and increased serum cytokines (IgA, IgG, IL-6, IFN-γ). Additionally, yogurt enhanced intestinal immune function by restoring the intestinal barrier and upregulating the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. Further studies showed that D-lactate alleviated immunosuppression in mice mainly by promoting cellular immunity. D-lactate recovered body weight and organ development, elevated serum cytokines (IgA, IgG, IL-6, IFN-γ), enhanced splenic lymphocyte proliferation and increased the mRNA level of T-bet in splenic lymphocyte to bolster Th1 differentiation. Finally, CTX is a chemotherapeutic drug, thus, the application of yogurt and D-lactate in the tumor-bearing mouse model was initially explored. The results showed that both yogurt (600 μL) and D-lactate (300 mg/kg) reduced cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression without promoting tumor growth. Overall, this study evaluated the safety, immune efficacy and applicability of yogurt and D-lactate in regulating immunosuppression. It emphasized the potential of yogurt as a functional food for immune regulation, with D-lactate playing a crucial role in its immunomodulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Du
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yongheng Yan
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 271016, China
| | - Yufeng Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ruijie Xu
- Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China;
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21
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Ceylan Hİ, Silva AF, Ramirez-Campillo R, Murawska-Ciałowicz E. Exploring the Effect of Acute and Regular Physical Exercise on Circulating Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels in Individuals with Obesity: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:323. [PMID: 38785805 PMCID: PMC11117522 DOI: 10.3390/biology13050323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a major global health concern linked to cognitive impairment and neurological disorders. Circulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein crucial for neuronal growth and survival, plays a vital role in brain function and plasticity. Notably, obese individuals tend to exhibit lower BDNF levels, potentially contributing to cognitive decline. Physical exercise offers health benefits, including improved circulating BDNF levels and cognitive function, but the specific impacts of acute versus regular exercise on circulating BDNF levels in obesity are unclear. Understanding this can guide interventions to enhance brain health and counter potential cognitive decline in obese individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the impact of acute and regular physical exercise on circulating BDNF in individuals with obesity. The target population comprised individuals classified as overweight or obese, encompassing both acute and chronic protocols involving all training methods. A comprehensive search was conducted across computerized databases, including PubMed, Academic Search Complete, and Web of Science, in August 2022, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Initially, 98 studies were identified, from which 16 studies, comprising 23 trials, met the selection criteria. Substantial heterogeneity was observed for both acute (I2 = 80.4%) and long-term effects (I2 = 88.7%), but low risk of bias for the included studies. A single session of exercise increased circulating BDNF levels among obese patients compared to the control group (ES = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.19 to 2.30, p = 0.021). However, with extended periods of physical exercise, there was no significant increase in circulating BDNF levels when compared to the control group (ES = 0.49, 95% CI = -0.08 to 1.06, p = 0.089). These findings highlight the need to consider exercise duration and type when studying neurobiological responses in obesity and exercise research. The study's results have implications for exercise prescription in obesity management and highlight the need for tailored interventions to optimize neurotrophic responses. Future research should focus on elucidating the adaptive mechanisms and exploring novel strategies to enhance BDNF modulation through exercise in this population. However, further research is needed considering limitations such as the potential age-related confounding effects due to diverse participant ages, lack of sex-specific analyses, and insufficient exploration of how specific exercise parameters (e.g., duration, intensity, type) impact circulating BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halil İbrahim Ceylan
- Physical Education and Sports Teaching Department, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ana Filipa Silva
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), 4960-320 Melgaço, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago de Chile 7591538, Chile;
| | - Eugenia Murawska-Ciałowicz
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Wrocław University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wrocław, Poland;
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22
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Wan J, Cheng C, Li X, Zhu Y, Su H, Gong Y, Ding K, Gao X, Dang C, Li G, Jiang W, Yao LH. Lactate ameliorates palmitate-induced impairment of differentiative capacity in C2C12 cells through the activation of voltage-gated calcium channels. J Physiol Biochem 2024; 80:349-362. [PMID: 38372933 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-024-01009-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Palmitic acid (PA), a saturated fatty acid enriched in high-fat diet, has been implicated in the development of skeletal muscle regeneration dysfunction. This study aimed to examine the effects and mechanisms of lactate (Lac) treatment on PA-induced impairment of C2C12 cell differentiation capacity. Furthermore, the involvement of voltage-gated calcium channels in this context was examined. In this study, Lac could improve the PA-induced impairment of differentiative capacity in C2C12 cells by affecting Myf5, MyoD and MyoG. In addition, Lac increases the inward flow of Ca2+, and promotes the depolarization of the cell membrane potential, thereby activating voltage-gated calcium channels during C2C12 cell differentiation. The enchancement of Lac on myoblast differentiative capacity was abolished after the addition of efonidipine (voltage-gated calcium channel inhibitors). Therefore, voltage-gated calcium channels play an important role in improving PA-induced skeletal muscle regeneration disorders by exercising blood Lac. Our study showed that Lac could rescue the PA-induced impairment of differentiative capacity in C2C12 cells by affecting Myf5, MyoD and MyoG through the activation of voltage-gated calcium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wan
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfang Cheng
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonuo Li
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjie Zhu
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Su
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanchun Gong
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China.
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kaizhi Ding
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Gao
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Caixia Dang
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyin Li
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Yao
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China.
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China.
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Xie Y, Shao X, Zhang P, Zhang H, Yu J, Yao X, Fu Y, Wei J, Wu C. High Starch Induces Hematological Variations, Metabolic Changes, Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Responses, and Histopathological Lesions in Largemouth Bass ( Micropterus salmoides). Metabolites 2024; 14:236. [PMID: 38668364 PMCID: PMC11051861 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated effects of high starch (20%) on hematological variations, glucose and lipid metabolism, antioxidant ability, inflammatory responses, and histopathological lesions in largemouth bass. Results showed hepatic crude lipid and triacylglycerol (TAG) contents were notably increased in fish fed high starch. High starch could increase counts of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils and serum contents of TAG, TBA, BUN, and LEP (p < 0.05). There were increasing trends in levels of GLUT2, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and LDH in fish fed high starch through the AKT/PI3K signal pathway. Meanwhile, high starch not only triggered TAG and cholesterol synthesis, but mediated cholesterol accumulation by reducing ABCG5, ABCG8, and NPC1L1. Significant increases in lipid droplets and vacuolization were also shown in hepatocytes of D3-D7 groups fed high starch. In addition, high starch could decrease levels of mitochondrial Trx2, TrxR2, and Prx3, while increasing ROS contents. Moreover, high starch could notably increase amounts of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α, etc.) by activating NLRP3 inflammasome key molecules (GSDME, caspase 1, etc.). In conclusion, high starch could not only induce metabolic disorders via gluconeogenesis and accumulation of glycogen, TAG, and cholesterol, but could disturb redox homeostasis and cause inflammatory responses by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome in largemouth bass.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xianping Shao
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Department of Fisheries, School of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China; (Y.X.); (P.Z.); (H.Z.); (J.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.F.); (J.W.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chenglong Wu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Department of Fisheries, School of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China; (Y.X.); (P.Z.); (H.Z.); (J.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.F.); (J.W.)
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24
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Gao X, Pang C, Fan Z, Wang Y, Duan Y, Zhan H. Regulation of newly identified lysine lactylation in cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 587:216680. [PMID: 38346584 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a typical hallmark of cancer. Enhanced glycolysis in tumor cells leads to the accumulation of lactate, which is traditionally considered metabolic waste. With the development of high-resolution liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), the lactate-derived, lysine lactylation(Kla), has been identified. Kla can alter the spatial configuration of chromatin and regulate the expression of corresponding genes. Metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic remodeling have been extensively linked. Accumulating studies have subsequently expanded the framework on the key roles of this protein translational modification (PTM) in tumors and have provided a new concept of cancer-specific regulation by Kla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gao
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Chaoyu Pang
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Zhiyao Fan
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Yunshan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yangmiao Duan
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Hanxiang Zhan
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China.
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25
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Zhang S, Liu W, Ganz T, Liu S. Exploring the relationship between hyperlactatemia and anemia. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:300-307. [PMID: 38185594 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Hyperlactatemia and anemia commonly coexist and their crosstalk is a longstanding mystery with elusive mechanisms involved in physical activities, infections, cancers, and genetic disorders. For instance, hyperlactatemia leads to iron restriction by upregulating hepatic hepcidin expression. Increasing evidence also points to lactate as a crucial signaling molecule rather than merely a metabolic byproduct. Here, we discuss the mutual influence between anemia and hyperlactatemia. This opinion calls for a reconsideration of the multifaceted roles of lactate and lactylation in anemia and emphasizes the need to fill knowledge gaps, including the dose dependence of lactate's effects, its sources, and its subcellular localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Zhang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Tomas Ganz
- Center for Iron Disorders, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Sijin Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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26
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Işık NI, Katipoğlu B, Turan ÖF, Gezer AE, Yazla M, Surel AA. The significance of initial lactate levels in emergency department presentations of abdominal wall hernia. Hernia 2024; 28:567-574. [PMID: 38358539 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-023-02950-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abdominal wall hernias are a frequent cause of abdominal pain-related emergency department visits. Our study aimed to establish the connection between lactate levels and patient outcomes in those with abdominal pain due to abdominal wall hernias. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our research followed a retrospective, observational, and descriptive approach and two center. We included patients who visited the emergency department for abdominal pain and were confirmed to have abdominal wall hernias through ultrasound. RESULTS We enrolled 493 patients meeting the criteria. Median age was 65 years, with 54% (n = 266) being male. Regarding outcomes, 40.5% (n = 200) were hospitalized, 27.7% (n = 137) underwent surgery, and 7.9% (n = 39) underwent bowel resection. Mortality rate during hernia-related hospital admission was 0.6% (n = 3). For hospitalized patients, there were significant differences in white blood cell count, neutrophil count and percentage, platelet count, lymphocyte count, and percentage (p < 0.05). Patients undergoing resection showed significant differences in neutrophil count, neutrophil percentage, lymphocyte count, and lymphocyte percentage (p < 0.05). Lactate levels were statistically significant in all patient groups requiring hospitalization, surgery, and resection (p < 0.05). Sensitivity and specificity of lactate test results indicated in patients undergoing bowel resection, lactate values ≥1.96 mmol/L had a specificity of 64%, sensitivity of 71%, and a negative predictive value of 96% (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Low lactate levels in patients presenting to the emergency department with abdominal pain caused by abdominal wall hernias have a high negative predictive value for excluding strangulation and the need for bowel resection. Therefore, we recommend the use of lactate as an additional diagnostic tool in emergency department presentations related to abdominal wall hernias.
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Affiliation(s)
- N I Işık
- Emergency Medicine Department, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - B Katipoğlu
- Emergency Medicine Department, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ö F Turan
- Emergency Medicine Department, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A E Gezer
- Emergency Medicine Department, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M Yazla
- Emergency Medicine Department, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A A Surel
- General Surgery Department, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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27
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Irerhievwie O, Ichipi-Ifukor PC, Asagba SO. Hepatocellular degeneration in mice co-exposed to in-utero aluminium and cadmium: Implication of a disordered antioxidant and energy homeostatic response in the liver. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 106:104375. [PMID: 38262495 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The current study comprised four groups of pregnant animals viz; Control (CTR) received 10 ml/kg of normal saline, Al:10 mg/kg of AlCl3, Cd: 1.5 mg/Kg of CdCl2 Al+Cd; 10 mg/kg of AlCl3 and 1.5 mg/Kg of CdCl2. Treatment was done from pregnancy days (PNT) 7-20. After delivery, male animals were weaned on PSD 21 and sacrificed on PSD 78. From the study significant increases on serum liver enzymes in the group exposed to Cd and that exposed to Al+Cd were observed. The study further showed altered serum and hepatic antioxidant balance for the Cd, Al and Al+Cd groups compared to control. Similarly, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activities in the liver were elevated in Cd and Al+Cd groups while an altered liver histological feature in treated groups were also observed. it was concluded that in utero co-exposure to Al and Cd had the ability to alter hepatic functional indices.
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28
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Shafique MA, Shaikh NA, Haseeb A, Mussarat A, Mustafa MS. Sodium bicarbonate Ringer's solution for hemorrhagic shock: A meta-analysis comparing crystalloid solutions. Am J Emerg Med 2024; 76:41-47. [PMID: 37988980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The choice of fluid resuscitation in Traumatic Hemorrhagic shock (THS) remains a critical aspect of patient management. Bicarbonated Ringers solution (BRS) has shown promise due to its composition resembling human Extracellular Fluid and its potential benefits on hemodynamics. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy, mortality rates, hemodynamic effects, and adverse outcomes of Sodium Bicarbonate Ringer's Solution in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock, as compared to other relevant interventions. METHOD A comprehensive examination of the available literature was performed by conducting systematic searches in prominent databases such as Cochrane, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PubMed. The process employed predefined criteria to extract relevant data and evaluate the quality of the studies. The outcome measures considered encompassed survival rates, mortality, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and adverse events. RESULT The meta-analysis of three studies showed that compared to the other crystalloids, the use of BRS had an odds ratio for survival of 1.86 (95% CI: 0.94, 3.71; p = 0.08; I2 = 0%), an odds ratio for total adverse events of 0.14 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.35; p < 0.0001; I2 = 22%), a mean difference in heart rate of -4.49 (95% CI: -7.55, -1.44; p = 0.004; I2 = 13%), and a mean difference in mean arterial pressure of 2.31 (95% CI: -0.85, 5.47; p = 0.15; I2 = 66%). CONCLUSION BRS demonstrated a significant reduction in complications, including adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), Multiple Organ Dysfunction (MODS), and Total Adverse Effects, when compared to other solutions in the treatment of THS. Additionally, THS patients resuscitated with BRS experienced a notable decrease in heart rate. The findings suggest BRS may contribute to organ stability and potential survival improvement due to its similarity to human Extracellular Fluid and minimal impact on the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abdul Haseeb
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Pakistan
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29
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Jia Y, Zou K, Zou L. Research progress of metabolomics in cervical cancer. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:586. [PMID: 38093395 PMCID: PMC10717910 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01490-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cervical cancer threatens women's health seriously. In recent years, the incidence of cervical cancer is on the rise, and the age of onset tends to be younger. Prevention, early diagnosis and specific treatment have become the main means to change the prognosis of cervical cancer patients. Metabolomics research can directly reflect the changes of biochemical processes and microenvironment in the body, which can provide a comprehensive understanding of the changes of metabolites in the process of disease occurrence and development, and provide new ways for the prevention and diagnosis of diseases. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to review the metabolic changes in cervical cancer and the application of metabolomics in the diagnosis and treatment. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus electronic databases were systematically searched for relevant studies published up to 2022. RESULTS With the emergence of metabolomics, metabolic regulation and cancer research are further becoming a focus of attention. By directly reflecting the changes in the microenvironment of the body, metabolomics research can provide a comprehensive understanding of the patterns of metabolites in the occurrence and development of diseases, thus providing new ideas for disease prevention and diagnosis. CONCLUSION With the continuous, in-depth research on metabolomics research technology, it will bring more benefits in the screening, diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer with its advantages of holistic and dynamic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Jia
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Kun Zou
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Lijuan Zou
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China.
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30
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Domingo-Ortí I, Ferrer-Torres P, Armiñán A, Vicent MJ, Pineda-Lucena A, Palomino-Schätzlein M. NMR-Based Mitochondria Metabolomic Profiling: A New Approach To Reveal Cancer-Associated Alterations. Anal Chem 2023; 95:16539-16548. [PMID: 37906730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Studying metabolism may assist in understanding the relationship between normal and dysfunctional mitochondrial activity and various diseases, such as neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, autoimmune, psychiatric, and cancer. Nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics represents a powerful method to characterize the chemical content of complex samples and has been successfully applied to studying a range of conditions. However, an optimized methodology is lacking for analyzing isolated organelles, such as mitochondria. In this study, we report the development of a protocol to metabolically profile mitochondria from healthy, tumoral, and metastatic tissues. Encouragingly, this approach provided quantitative information about up to 45 metabolites in one comprehensive and robust analysis. Our results revealed significant differences between whole-cell and mitochondrial metabolites, which supports a more refined approach to metabolic analysis. We applied our optimized methodology to investigate aggressive and metastatic breast cancer in mouse tissues, discovering that lung mitochondria exhibit an altered metabolic fingerprint. Specific amino acids, organic acids, and lipids showed significant increases in levels when compared with mitochondria from healthy tissues. Our optimized methodology could promote a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying breast cancer aggressiveness and mitochondrial-related diseases and support the optimization of new advanced therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Domingo-Ortí
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory and CIBERONC, Valencia 46012, Spain
- NMR Facility, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia 46012, Spain
- Drug Discovery Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia 46026, Spain
| | | | - Ana Armiñán
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory and CIBERONC, Valencia 46012, Spain
| | - María J Vicent
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory and CIBERONC, Valencia 46012, Spain
| | - Antonio Pineda-Lucena
- Drug Discovery Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia 46026, Spain
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Martina Palomino-Schätzlein
- NMR Facility, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia 46012, Spain
- ProtoQSAR, CEEI, Parque Tecnológico Valencia, Paterna 46980, Spain
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31
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Vlasova VV, Shmagel KV. T Lymphocyte Metabolic Features and Techniques to Modulate Them. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:1857-1873. [PMID: 38105204 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923110159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
T cells demonstrate high degree of complexity and broad range of functions, which distinguish them from other immune cells. Throughout their lifetime, T lymphocytes experience several functional states: quiescence, activation, proliferation, differentiation, performance of effector and regulatory functions, memory formation, and apoptosis. Metabolism supports all functions of T cells, providing lymphocytes with energy, biosynthetic substrates, and signaling molecules. Therefore, T cells usually restructure their metabolism as they transition from one functional state to another. Strong association between the metabolism and T cell functions implies that the immune response can be controlled by manipulating metabolic processes within T lymphocytes. This review aims to highlight the main metabolic adaptations necessary for the T cell function, as well as the recent progress in techniques to modulate metabolic features of lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violetta V Vlasova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 614081, Perm, Russia.
| | - Konstantin V Shmagel
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 614081, Perm, Russia
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32
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Zavistanaviciute P, Ruzauskas M, Antanaitis R, Televicius M, Lele V, Santini A, Bartkiene E. Antimicrobial and Mycotoxin Reducing Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Their Influence on Blood and Feces Parameters of Newborn Calves. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3345. [PMID: 37958101 PMCID: PMC10648343 DOI: 10.3390/ani13213345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of in acid whey (AW) multiplied Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LUHS135 (L.pl135), Lacticaseibacillus paracasei LUHS244 (L.pc244), and their biomass combination on newborn calves' feces and blood parameters. Additionally, the antimicrobial and mycotoxin-reducing properties and the resistance to antibiotics of the tested lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains were analyzed. In order to ensure effective biomass growth in AW, technological parameters for the supplement preparation were selected. Control calves were fed with a standard milk replacer (SMR) and treated groups (from the 2nd day of life until the 14th day) were supplemented with 50 mL of AWL.pl135, AWL.pc244, and AWL.pl135×L.pc244 (25 mL AWL.pl135 + 25 mL AWL.pc244) in addition to SMR. It was established that L.pl135 and L.pc244 possess broad antimicrobial activities, are non-resistant to the tested antibiotics, and reduce mycotoxin concentrations in vitro. The optimal duration established for biomass growth was 48 h (LAB count higher than 7.00 log10 CFU mL-1 was found after 48 h of AW fermentation). It was established that additional feeding of newborn calves with AWL.pl135, AWL.pc244, and AWL.pl135×L.pc244 increased lactobacilli (on average by 7.4%), and AWL.pl135 and AWL.pc244 reduced the numbers of Enterobacteriaceae in calves' feces. The tested supplements also reduced the lactate concentration (on average, by 42.5%) in calves' blood. Finally, the tested supplements had a positive influence on certain health parameters of newborn calves; however, further research is needed to validate the mechanisms of the beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Zavistanaviciute
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (P.Z.); (V.L.)
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Modestas Ruzauskas
- Faculty of Veterinary, Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus Str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ramunas Antanaitis
- Large Animal Clinic, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.A.); (M.T.)
| | - Mindaugas Televicius
- Large Animal Clinic, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.A.); (M.T.)
| | - Vita Lele
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (P.Z.); (V.L.)
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Elena Bartkiene
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (P.Z.); (V.L.)
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Ferreira LO, Vasconcelos VW, Lima JDS, Vieira Neto JR, da Costa GE, Esteves JDC, de Sousa SC, Moura JA, Santos FRS, Leitão Filho JM, Protásio MR, Araújo PS, Lemos CJDS, Resende KD, Lopes DCF. Biochemical Changes in Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Cardiac Surgery: New Insights. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1506. [PMID: 37888117 PMCID: PMC10608001 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13101506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients undergoing coronary revascularization with extracorporeal circulation or cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may develop several biochemical changes in the microcirculation that lead to a systemic inflammatory response. Surgical incision, post-CPB reperfusion injury and blood contact with non-endothelial membranes can activate inflammatory signaling pathways that lead to the production and activation of inflammatory cells, with cytokine production and oxidative stress. This inflammatory storm can cause damage to vital organs, especially the heart, and thus lead to complications in the postoperative period. In addition to the organic pathophysiology during and after the period of exposure to extracorporeal circulation, this review addresses new perspectives for intraoperative treatment and management that may lead to a reduction in this inflammatory storm and thereby improve the prognosis and possibly reduce the mortality of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Oliveira Ferreira
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Victoria Winkler Vasconcelos
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | - Janielle de Sousa Lima
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | - Jaime Rodrigues Vieira Neto
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | - Giovana Escribano da Costa
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | - Jordana de Castro Esteves
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | - Sallatiel Cabral de Sousa
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | - Jonathan Almeida Moura
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | - Felipe Ruda Silva Santos
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | - João Monteiro Leitão Filho
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | | | - Pollyana Sousa Araújo
- Department of Cardiovascular Anesthesiology, Hospital Clínicas Gaspar Vianna, Belém 66083-106, Brazil; (P.S.A.); (C.J.d.S.L.)
| | - Cláudio José da Silva Lemos
- Department of Cardiovascular Anesthesiology, Hospital Clínicas Gaspar Vianna, Belém 66083-106, Brazil; (P.S.A.); (C.J.d.S.L.)
| | - Karina Dias Resende
- Residency Program in Anesthesiology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil; (V.W.V.); (J.d.S.L.); (J.R.V.N.); (G.E.d.C.); (J.d.C.E.); (S.C.d.S.); (J.A.M.); (F.R.S.S.); (J.M.L.F.); (K.D.R.)
| | - Dielly Catrina Favacho Lopes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
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Mugo SM, Robertson SV, Lu W. A molecularly imprinted screen-printed carbon electrode for electrochemical epinephrine, lactate, and cortisol metabolites detection in human sweat. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1278:341714. [PMID: 37709457 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a novel approach to the detection of epinephrine, lactate, and cortisol biomarkers in human sweat using molecularly-imprinted polymers (MIP) embedded screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) sensors. The epinephrine and lactate MIP SPCE sensors were fabricated by epinephrine or lactate-imprinted polyaniline co-polymerized with 3-aminophenylboronic acid and gold nanoparticles (PANI-co-PBA/AuNP) selective membrane on a commercial SPCE. The cortisol sensor was comprised of a cortisol-imprinted poly(glycidyl methacryate-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (poly (GMA-co-EGDMA)@AuNP selective membrane deposited on a SPCE. Both cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were used as modes of analysis for the MIP SPCE sensors. All sensors exhibited a rapid (∼1 min) and selective response to the epinephrine, lactate, and cortisol target analytes, with excellent precision between scans for both CV and DPV analysis modes. For CV, the LOD for epinephrine, lactate, and cortisol was 8.2 nM, 13 mM, and 0.042 μM, respectively. The LOD for DPV were 0.60 nM, 2.2 mM, and 0.025 μM for epinephrine, lactate, and cortisol, respectively. The MIP SPCE sensor platforms were further validated through the successful quantification of epinephrine, lactate, and cortisol in human sweat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel M Mugo
- Department of Physical Sciences, MacEwan University, Edmonton, ABT5J4S2, Canada.
| | - Scott V Robertson
- Department of Physical Sciences, MacEwan University, Edmonton, ABT5J4S2, Canada
| | - Weihao Lu
- Department of Physical Sciences, MacEwan University, Edmonton, ABT5J4S2, Canada
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35
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Palaniswamy S, Abass K, Rysä J, Grimalt JO, Odland JØ, Rautio A, Järvelin MR. Investigating the relationship between non-occupational pesticide exposure and metabolomic biomarkers. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1248609. [PMID: 37900012 PMCID: PMC10602903 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1248609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between pesticide exposures and metabolomics biomarkers is not well understood. We examined the changes in the serum metabolome (early biomarkers) and the metabolic pathways associated with various pesticide exposure scenarios (OPE: overall exposure, PEM: exposure in months, PEY: exposure in years, and PEU: reported specific pesticides use) using data from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 31-year cross-sectional examination. We utilized questionnaire data on pesticide exposures and serum samples for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics analyses. For exposures and metabolites associations, participants size varied between 2,361 and 5,035. To investigate associations between metabolomics biomarkers and exposure to pesticide scenarios compared to those who reported no exposures multivariable regression analyses stratified by sex and adjustment with covariates (season of pesticide use, socioeconomic position (SEP), alcohol consumption, BMI, and latitude of residence) were performed. Multiple testing by Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) correction applied. Pesticide exposures differed by sex, season of pesticide use, alcohol, SEP, latitude of residence. Our results showed that all pesticide exposure scenarios were negatively associated with decreased HDL concentrations across all lipoprotein subclasses in women. OPE, PEY, and PEU were associated with decreased branched-chain amino acid concentrations in men and decreased albumin concentrations in women. OPE, PEY and PEU were also associated with changes in glycolysis metabolites and ketone bodies in both sexes. Specific pesticides exposure was negatively associated with sphingolipids and inflammatory biomarkers in men. In women, OPE, PEM, and PEU were associated with decreased apolipoprotein A1 and increased apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 ratio. Our findings suggest that identification of early biomarkers of disease risk related to pesticide exposures can inform strategies to reduce exposure and investigate causal pathways. Women may be more susceptible to non-occupational pesticide exposures when compared to men, and future sex-specific studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Palaniswamy
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Arctic Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Khaled Abass
- Arctic Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jaana Rysä
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Joan O. Grimalt
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jon Øyvind Odland
- The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Arja Rautio
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Thule Institute, University of Arctic, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
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Robin AY, Brochier-Armanet C, Bertrand Q, Barette C, Girard E, Madern D. Deciphering Evolutionary Trajectories of Lactate Dehydrogenases Provides New Insights into Allostery. Mol Biol Evol 2023; 40:msad223. [PMID: 37797308 PMCID: PMC10583557 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msad223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, EC.1.1.127) is an important enzyme engaged in the anaerobic metabolism of cells, catalyzing the conversion of pyruvate to lactate and NADH to NAD+. LDH is a relevant enzyme to investigate structure-function relationships. The present work provides the missing link in our understanding of the evolution of LDHs. This allows to explain (i) the various evolutionary origins of LDHs in eukaryotic cells and their further diversification and (ii) subtle phenotypic modifications with respect to their regulation capacity. We identified a group of cyanobacterial LDHs displaying eukaryotic-like LDH sequence features. The biochemical and structural characterization of Cyanobacterium aponinum LDH, taken as representative, unexpectedly revealed that it displays homotropic and heterotropic activation, typical of an allosteric enzyme, whereas it harbors a long N-terminal extension, a structural feature considered responsible for the lack of allosteric capacity in eukaryotic LDHs. Its crystallographic structure was solved in 2 different configurations typical of the R-active and T-inactive states encountered in allosteric LDHs. Structural comparisons coupled with our evolutionary analyses helped to identify 2 amino acid positions that could have had a major role in the attenuation and extinction of the allosteric activation in eukaryotic LDHs rather than the presence of the N-terminal extension. We tested this hypothesis by site-directed mutagenesis. The resulting C. aponinum LDH mutants displayed reduced allosteric capacity mimicking those encountered in plants and human LDHs. This study provides a new evolutionary scenario of LDHs that unifies descriptions of regulatory properties with structural and mutational patterns of these important enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Y Robin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IBS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Céline Brochier-Armanet
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5558, Villeurbanne F-69622, France
| | - Quentin Bertrand
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IBS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Biology and Chemistry Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Barette
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG, BGE, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Eric Girard
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IBS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Dominique Madern
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IBS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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DiVito D, Wellik A, Burfield J, Peterson J, Flickinger J, Tindall A, Albanowski K, Vishnubhatt S, MacMullen L, Martin I, Muraresku C, McCormick E, George-Sankoh I, McCormack S, Goldstein A, Ganetzky R, Yudkoff M, Xiao R, Falk MJ, R Mascarenhas M, Zolkipli-Cunningham Z. Optimized Nutrition in Mitochondrial Disease Correlates to Improved Muscle Fatigue, Strength, and Quality of Life. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:1723-1745. [PMID: 37723406 PMCID: PMC10684455 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-023-01418-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
We sought to prospectively characterize the nutritional status of adults ≥ 19 years (n = 22, 27% males) and children (n = 38, 61% male) with genetically-confirmed primary mitochondrial disease (PMD) to guide development of precision nutritional support strategies to be tested in future clinical trials. We excluded subjects who were exclusively tube-fed. Daily caloric requirements were estimated using World Health Organization (WHO) equations to predict resting energy expenditure (REE) multiplied by an activity factor (AF) based on individual activity levels. We developed a Mitochondrial Disease Activity Factors (MOTIVATOR) score to encompass the impact of muscle fatigue typical of PMD on physical activity levels. PMD cohort daily diet intake was estimated to be 1,143 ± 104.1 kcal in adults (mean ± SEM, 76.2% of WHO-MOTIVATOR predicted requirement), and 1,114 ± 62.3 kcal in children (86.4% predicted). A total of 11/22 (50%) adults and 18/38 (47.4%) children with PMD consumed ≤ 75% predicted daily Kcal needs. Malnutrition was identified in 16/60 (26.7%) PMD subjects. Increased protein and fat intake correlated with improved muscle strength in those with insufficient daily Kcal intake (≤ 75% predicted); higher protein and fat intake correlated with decreased muscle fatigue; and higher protein, fat, and carbohydrate intake correlated with improved quality of life (QoL). These data demonstrate the frequent occurrence of malnutrition in PMD and emphasize the critical need to devise nutritional interventions to optimize clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna DiVito
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amanda Wellik
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jessica Burfield
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James Peterson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jean Flickinger
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alyssa Tindall
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kimberly Albanowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shailee Vishnubhatt
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laura MacMullen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Isaac Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Colleen Muraresku
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth McCormick
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ibrahim George-Sankoh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shana McCormack
- Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy Goldstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca Ganetzky
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marc Yudkoff
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marni J Falk
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maria R Mascarenhas
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zarazuela Zolkipli-Cunningham
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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38
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Hallan SI, Øvrehus MA, Darshi M, Montemayor D, Langlo KA, Bruheim P, Sharma K. Metabolic Differences in Diabetic Kidney Disease Patients with Normoalbuminuria versus Moderately Increased Albuminuria. KIDNEY360 2023; 4:1407-1418. [PMID: 37612821 PMCID: PMC10615383 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0000000000000248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Key Points The pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) with normal (nonalbuminuric DKD) versus moderately increased albuminuria (A-DKD) are not well-understood. Fatty acid biosynthesis and oxydation, gluconeogenesis, TCA cycle, and glucose-alanine cycle were more disturbed in patients with A-DKD compared with those with nonalbuminuric DKD with identical eGFR. DKD patients with and without microalbuminuria could represent different clinical phenotypes. Background The pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) with normal versus moderately increased albuminuria (nonalbuminuric DKD [NA-DKD] and A-DKD) are currently not well-understood and could have implications for diagnosis and treatment. Methods Fourteen patients with NA-DKD with urine albumin–creatinine ratio <3 mg/mmol, 26 patients with A-DKD with albumin–creatinine ratio 3–29 mg/mmol, and 60 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were randomly chosen from a population-based cohort study (Nord-Trøndelag Health Study-3, Norway). Seventy-four organic acids, 21 amino acids, 21 biogenic acids, 40 acylcarnitines, 14 sphingomyelins, and 88 phosphatidylcholines were quantified in urine. One hundred forty-six patients with diabetes from the US-based Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort study were used to verify main findings. Results Patients with NA-DKD and A-DKD had similar age, kidney function, diabetes treatment, and other traditional risk factors. Still, partial least-squares discriminant analysis showed strong metabolite-based separation (R2, 0.82; Q2, 0.52), with patients with NA-DKD having a metabolic profile positioned between the profiles of healthy controls and patients with A-DKD. Seventy-five metabolites contributed significantly to separation between NA-DKD and A-DKD (variable importance in projection scores ≥1.0) with propionylcarnitine (C3), phosphatidylcholine C38:4, medium-chained (C8) fatty acid octenedioic acid, and lactic acid as the top metabolites (variable importance in projection scores, 2.7–2.2). Compared with patients with NA-DKD, those with A-DKD had higher levels of short-chained acylcarnitines, higher long-chained fatty acid levels with more double bounds, higher branched-chain amino acid levels, and lower TCA cycle intermediates. The main findings were similar by random forest analysis and in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort study. Formal enrichment analysis indicated that fatty acid biosynthesis and oxydation, gluconeogenesis, TCA cycle, and glucose-alanine cycle were more disturbed in patients with A-DKD compared with those with NA-DKD with identical eGFR. We also found indications of a Warburg-like effect in patients with A-DKD (i.e. , metabolism of glucose to lactate despite adequate oxygen). Conclusion DKD patients with normoalbuminuria differ substantially in their metabolic disturbances compared with patients with moderately increase albuminuria and could represent different clinical phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stein I Hallan
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Nephrology, St. Olav Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Manjula Darshi
- Center for Renal Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Daniel Montemayor
- Center for Renal Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Knut A Langlo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Nephrology, St. Olav Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Per Bruheim
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kumar Sharma
- Center for Renal Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
- Department of Nephrology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
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Liu W, Zhang S, Li Q, Wu Y, Jia X, Feng W, Li Z, Shi Y, Hou Q, Ma J, Liu Y, Gao P, Ganz T, Liu S. Lactate modulates iron metabolism by binding soluble adenylyl cyclase. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1597-1612.e6. [PMID: 37480842 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Overproduction of lactate (LA) can occur during exercise and in many diseases such as cancers. Individuals with hyperlactatemia often display anemia, decreased serum iron, and elevated hepcidin, a key regulator of iron metabolism. However, it is unknown whether and how LA regulates hepcidin expression. Here, we show LA binds to soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) in normal hepatocytes and affects systemic iron homeostasis in mice by increasing hepcidin expression. Comprehensive in vitro, in vivo, and in silico experiments show that the LA-sAC interaction raises cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels, which activates the PKA-Smad1/5/8 signaling pathway to increase hepcidin transcription. We verified this regulatory axis in wild-type mice and in mice with disordered iron homeostasis. LA also regulates hepcidin in humans at rest and subjected to extensive exercise that produce elevated LA. Our study links hyperlactatemia to iron deficiency, offering a mechanistic explanation for anemias seen in athletes and patients with lactic acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Shuping Zhang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Quanjin Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenya Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaolong Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yali Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingzhi Hou
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Juan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yajun Liu
- National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China; Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Pu Gao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tomas Ganz
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sijin Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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40
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Liu T, Han S, Yao Y, Zhang G. Role of Human Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 (hMCT1) and 4 (hMCT4) in Tumor Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancer Manag Res 2023; 15:957-975. [PMID: 37693221 PMCID: PMC10487743 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s421771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the abnormal glucose metabolism of tumor cells has attracted increasing attention. Abnormal glucose metabolism is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) transport the sugar metabolites lactic acid and pyruvate, which affect glucose metabolism and tumor progression in a variety of ways. Thus, research has recently focused on MCTs and their potential functions in cancer. The MCT superfamily consists of 14 members. MCT1 and MCT4 play a crucial role in the maintenance of intracellular pH in tumor cells by transporting monocarboxylic acids (such as lactate, pyruvate and butyrate). MCT1 and MCT4 are highly expressed in a variety of tumor cells and are involved the proliferation, invasion and migration of tumor cells, which are closely related to the prognosis of cancer. Because of their important functions in tumor cells, MCT1 and MCT4 have become potential targets for cancer treatment. In this review, we focus on the structure, function and regulation of MCT1 and MCT4 and discuss the developed inhibitors of MCT1 and MCT4 to provide more comprehensive information that might aid in the development of strategies targeting MCTs in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Liu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shangcong Han
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Yao
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guiming Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
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Stiller RH, Luks AM, Çoruh B. All That Raises Lactate Is Not Sepsis. ATS Sch 2023; 4:385-386. [PMID: 37795127 PMCID: PMC10547029 DOI: 10.34197/ats-scholar.2023-0032ot] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Robin H Stiller
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Andrew M Luks
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Başak Çoruh
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
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Jin AH, Qian YF, Ren J, Wang JG, Qiao F, Zhang ML, Du ZY, Luo Y. PDK inhibition promotes glucose utilization, reduces hepatic lipid deposition, and improves oxidative stress in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) by increasing pyruvate oxidative phosphorylation. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 140:108969. [PMID: 37488039 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
In omnivorous fish, the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs)-pyruvate dehydrogenase E1α subunit (PDHE1α) axis is essential in the regulation of carbohydrate oxidative catabolism. Among the existing research, the role of the PDKs-PDHE1α axis in carnivorous fish with poor glucose utilization is unclear. In the present study, we determined the effects of PDK inhibition on the liver glycolipid metabolism of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). DCA is a PDK-specific inhibitor that inhibits PDK by binding the allosteric sites. A total of 160 juvenile largemouth bass were randomly divided into two groups, with four replicates of 20 fish each, fed a control diet and a control diet supplemented with dichloroacetate (DCA) for 8 weeks. The present results showed that DCA supplementation significantly decreased the hepatosomatic index, triglycerides in liver and serum, and total liver lipids of largemouth bass compared with the control group. In addition, compared with the control group, DCA treatment significantly down-regulated gene expression associated with lipogenesis. Furthermore, DCA supplementation significantly decreased the mRNA expression of pdk3a and increased PDHE1α activity. In addition, DCA supplementation improved glucose oxidative catabolism and pyruvate oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in the liver, as evidenced by low pyruvate content in the liver and up-regulated expressions of glycolysis-related and TCA cycle/OXPHOS-related genes. Moreover, DCA consumption decreased hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content, enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and increased transforming growth factor beta (tgf-β), glutathione S-transferase (gst), and superoxide dismutase 1 (sod1) gene expression compared with the control diet. This study demonstrated that inhibition of PDKs by DCA promoted glucose utilization, reduced hepatic lipid deposition, and improved oxidative stress in largemouth bass by increasing pyruvate OXPHOS. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the underlying mechanism of the PDKs-PDHE1α axis in glucose metabolism and improve the utilization of dietary carbohydrates in farmed carnivorous fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Hui Jin
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Fan Qian
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiong Ren
- HANOVE Research Center, Wuxi, PR China
| | - Jin-Gang Wang
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Qiao
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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Mucha O, Podkalicka P, Żukowska M, Pośpiech E, Dulak J, Łoboda A. miR-378 influences muscle satellite cells and enhances adipogenic potential of fibro-adipogenic progenitors but does not affect muscle regeneration in the glycerol-induced injury model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13434. [PMID: 37596327 PMCID: PMC10439181 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40729-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle regeneration relies on the reciprocal interaction between many types of cells. Regenerative capacity may be altered in different disorders. In our study, we investigated whether the deletion of miR-378a (miR-378) affects muscle regeneration. We subjected 6-week-old wild-type (WT) and miR-378 knockout (miR-378-/-) animals to the glycerol-induced muscle injury and performed analyses in various time-points. In miR-378-/- animals, an elevated abundance of muscle satellite cells (mSCs) on day 3 was found. Furthermore, fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) isolated from the muscle of miR-378-/- mice exhibited enhanced adipogenic potential. At the same time, lack of miR-378 did not affect inflammation, fibrosis, adipose tissue deposition, centrally nucleated fiber count, muscle fiber size, FAP abundance, and muscle contractility at any time point analyzed. To conclude, our study revealed that miR-378 deletion influences the abundance of mSCs and the adipogenic potential of FAPs, but does not affect overall regeneration upon acute, glycerol-induced muscle injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Mucha
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Podkalicka
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Żukowska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewelina Pośpiech
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology in Krakow, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Józef Dulak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Łoboda
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
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Giha HA. Hidden chronic metabolic acidosis of diabetes type 2 (CMAD): Clues, causes and consequences. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:735-750. [PMID: 37380824 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09816-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Interpretation of existing data revealed that chronic metabolic acidosis is a pathognomic feature for type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is described here as "chronic metabolic acidosis of T2D (CMAD)" for the first time. The biochemical clues for the CMAD are summarised in the following; low blood bicarbonate (high anionic gap), low pH of interstitial fluid and urine, and response to acid neutralization, while the causes of extra protons are worked out to be; mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, gut microbiota (GM), and diabetic lung. Although, the intracellular pH is largely preserved by the buffer system and ion transporters, a persistent systemic mild acidosis leaves molecular signature in cellular metabolism in diabetics. Reciprocally, there are evidences that CMAD contributes to the initiation and progression of T2D by; reducing insulin production, triggering insulin resistance directly or via altered GM, and inclined oxidative stress. The details about the above clues, causes and consequences of CMAD are obtained by searching literature spanning between 1955 and 2022. Finally, the molecular bases of CMAD are discussed in details by interpretation of an up-to-date data and aid of well constructed diagrams, with a conclusion unravelling that CMAD is a major player in T2D pathophysiology. To this end, the CMAD disclosure offers several therapeutic potentials for prevention, delay or attenuation of T2D and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder A Giha
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Khartoum, Sudan.
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45
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Yin L, Liu L, Tang Y, Chen Q, Zhang D, Lin Z, Wang Y, Liu Y. The Implications in Meat Quality and Nutrition by Comparing the Metabolites of Pectoral Muscle between Adult Indigenous Chickens and Commercial Laying Hens. Metabolites 2023; 13:840. [PMID: 37512547 PMCID: PMC10384229 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aged chickens are often a secondary dietary choice, owing to the poor organoleptic qualities of their meat. With regard to the meat quality of chickens, the metabolic profiles of pectoral muscle in Guangyuan grey chickens (group G) and Hy-Line grey hens (group H) aged 55 weeks were compared via ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). A total of 74 metabolites were identified with differential changes in the ion model. Lipids and lipid-like molecules comprised the largest proportion among the different metabolites. The content of myristic acid and palmitic acid were found to be higher in the pectoral muscle of group G, while group H showed significantly higher levels of glycerophospholipid molecules, such as LPC(18:2/0:0), Pi(38:5), Pc(16:0/16:0), and Pe(16:1e/14-hdohe). KEGG pathway analysis indicated that the abundant metabolites in group G were mainly involved in energy metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism, whereas those of group H were mainly attributed to the metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids and amino acids. Overall, the differences in lipid and amino acid metabolism in pectoral muscle appear to be responsible for the difference in meat quality between indigenous chickens and commercial laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingqian Yin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Li Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuan Tang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Donghao Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhongzhen Lin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yiping Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Huang M, Wu Y, Cheng L, Fu L, Yan H, Ru H, Mo X, Yan L, Su Z. Multi-omics analyses of glucose metabolic reprogramming in colorectal cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1179699. [PMID: 37475862 PMCID: PMC10354426 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1179699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glucose metabolic reprogramming (GMR) is a cardinal feature of carcinogenesis and metastasis. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to profile the metabolic signature of primary tumor and circulating tumor cells from metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients using integrated omics analysis. Methods PET-CT imaging, serum metabolomics, genomics and proteomics data of 325 high 18F-fluorinated deoxyglucose (FDGhigh) mCRC patients were analyzed. The para-tumor, primary tumor and liver metastatic tissues of mCRC patients were used for proteomics analysis. Results The glucose uptake in tumor tissues as per the PET/CT images was correlated to serum levels of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT), total bilirubin (TBIL), creatinine (CRE). Proteomics analysis indicated that several differentially expressed proteins were enriched in both GMR and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related pathways. Using a tissue-optimized proteomic workflow, we identified novel proteomic markers (e.g. CCND1, EPCAM, RPS6), a novel PCK1-CDK6-INSR protein axis, and a potential role for FOLR (FR) in GMR/EMT of CRC cells. Finally, CEA/blood glucose (CSR) was defined as a new index, which can be used to jointly diagnose liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. Conclusions GMR in CRC cells is closely associated with the EMT pathway, and this network is a promising source of potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maosen Huang
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yancen Wu
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Linyao Cheng
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Lihua Fu
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Haochao Yan
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Haiming Ru
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xianwei Mo
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Linhai Yan
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zijie Su
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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Zalambani C, Rizzardi N, Marziali G, Foschi C, Morselli S, Djusse ME, Naldi M, Fato R, Calonghi N, Marangoni A. Role of D(-)-Lactic Acid in Prevention of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in an In Vitro Model of HeLa Cells. Pathogens 2023; 12:883. [PMID: 37513730 PMCID: PMC10383594 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12070883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A vaginal microbiota dominated by certain Lactobacillus species may have a protective effect against Chlamydia trachomatis infection. One of the key antimicrobial compounds produced is lactic acid, which is believed to play a central role in host defense. Lactobacillus strains producing the D(-)-lactic acid isomer are known to exert stronger protection. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this antimicrobial action are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of D(-)-lactic acid isomer in the prevention of C. trachomatis infection in an in vitro HeLa cell model. We selected two strains of lactobacilli belonging to different species: a vaginal isolate of Lactobacillus crispatus that releases both D(-) and L(+) isomers and a strain of Lactobacillus reuteri that produces only the L(+) isomer. Initially, we demonstrated that L. crispatus was significantly more effective than L. reuteri in reducing C. trachomatis infectivity. A different pattern of histone acetylation and lactylation was observed when HeLa cells were pretreated for 24 h with supernatants of Lactobacillus crispatus or L. reuteri, resulting in different transcription of genes such as CCND1, CDKN1A, ITAG5 and HER-1. Similarly, distinct transcription patterns were found in HeLa cells treated with 10 mM D(-)- or L(+)-lactic acid isomers. Our findings suggest that D(-) lactic acid significantly affects two non-exclusive mechanisms involved in C. trachomatis infection: regulation of the cell cycle and expression of EGFR and α5β1-integrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Zalambani
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Rizzardi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giacomo Marziali
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Foschi
- Microbiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Morselli
- Microbiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marielle Ezekielle Djusse
- Microbiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marina Naldi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Natalia Calonghi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Marangoni
- Microbiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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Fang W, Chen S, Jin X, Liu S, Cao X, Liu B. Metabolomics in aging research: aging markers from organs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1198794. [PMID: 37397261 PMCID: PMC10313136 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1198794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism plays an important role in regulating aging at several levels, and metabolic reprogramming is the main driving force of aging. Due to the different metabolic needs of different tissues, the change trend of metabolites during aging in different organs and the influence of different levels of metabolites on organ function are also different, which makes the relationship between the change of metabolite level and aging more complex. However, not all of these changes lead to aging. The development of metabonomics research has opened a door for people to understand the overall changes in the metabolic level in the aging process of organisms. The omics-based "aging clock" of organisms has been established at the level of gene, protein and epigenetic modifications, but there is still no systematic summary at the level of metabolism. Here, we reviewed the relevant research published in the last decade on aging and organ metabolomic changes, discussed several metabolites with high repetition rate, and explained their role in vivo, hoping to find a group of metabolites that can be used as metabolic markers of aging. This information should provide valuable information for future diagnosis or clinical intervention of aging and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicheng Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuxin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuejiao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shenkui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiuling Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Beidong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Chan RJ, McCudden C, McCormick B, Zimmerman D. A Diagnostic Dilemma "Cured" by Dialysis: An Educational Case Report. Can J Kidney Health Dis 2023; 10:20543581231177841. [PMID: 37313364 PMCID: PMC10259106 DOI: 10.1177/20543581231177841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale The differential diagnosis for a patient with high-anion-gap metabolic acidosis (HAGMA) is broad; lactic acidosis is an important entity to screen for and treat. An elevated serum lactate is often used as a marker of inadequate tissue perfusion in critically ill patients but can also be indicative of decreased lactate utilization or poor hepatic clearance. Investigating for the underlying cause such as diabetic ketoacidosis, malignancy, or culprit medications is essential to establish the diagnosis and treatment plan. Presenting concerns of the patient A 60-year-old man with a history of substance use and end-stage kidney disease treated with hemodialysis presented to hospital with confusion, altered level of consciousness, and hypothermia. Initial laboratory investigations were significant for a severe HAGMA with elevated serum lactate and β-hydroxybutyrate levels, but toxicology screen was negative, and there was no clear underlying precipitant. Urgent hemodialysis was arranged to mitigate his severe acidosis. Diagnoses He had an initial single dialysis treatment for 4 hours, with posthemodialysis labs showing significant improvement in his acidosis, serum lactate level, and clinical status (cognition, hypothermia). Given this rapid resolution, a sample from his predialysis blood work was sent for analysis of plasma metformin and returned significantly elevated at 60 mcg/mL (therapeutic range 1-2 mcg/mL). Interventions and outcomes On careful medication reconciliation in the dialysis unit, the patient stated he had never heard of the medication metformin, and there was no record of a filled prescription at his pharmacy. Given his living situation with shared accommodations, it was presumed that he had taken medications that were prescribed to a roommate. Several of his other medications including his antihypertensives were subsequently given after dialysis on dialysis days to improve adherence. Teaching points Maintain a broad differential diagnosis for patients presenting with a clinical syndrome consistent with an acute toxicity even if no culprit medications are identifiable on history, especially in patients with a suggestive social history.Anion-gap metabolic acidosis (AGMA) is common in hospitalized patients but sometimes requires further history and/or confirmatory testing to elucidate the root cause underlying typical causes of AGMA such as lactic acidosis or ketoacidosis.The main treatment of metformin toxicity is resuscitation and supportive care; however, metformin's biochemical properties make it readily dialyzable via either diffusion or convection.The Extracorporeal Treatments In Poisoning group recommends hemodialysis for metformin toxicity when there is a serum lactate >20 mmol/L, a blood pH <7.0, a failure of standard therapy, end-organ damage (hepatic or renal insufficiency), or a decreased level of consciousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Chan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Brendan McCormick
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Kidney Research Centre, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, ON, Canada
| | - Deborah Zimmerman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Kidney Research Centre, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, ON, Canada
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Chai A, Wong YS, Ong SA, Lutpi NA, Sam ST, Wirach T, Kee WC, Khoo HC. Exploring the potential of thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion between agro-industrial waste and water hyacinth: operational performance, kinetic study and degradation pathway. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023:10.1007/s00449-023-02879-0. [PMID: 37160769 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02879-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic co-digestion (co-AD) of agro-industrial waste, namely, palm oil mill effluent (POME) and sugarcane vinasse (Vn), with water hyacinth (WH) as co-substrate was carried out in two separate Anaerobic Suspended Growth Closed Bioreactors (ASGCBs) under thermophilic (55 °C) conditions. The highest chemical oxygen demand (COD) and soluble COD reduction in co-AD of POME-WH (78.61%, 78.86%) is slightly higher than co-AD of Vn-WH (75.75%, 78.24%). However, VFA reduction in co-AD of POME-WH (96.41%) is higher compared to co-AD of Vn-WH (85.94%). Subsequently, biogas production peaked at 13438 mL/day values and 16122 mL/day for co-AD of POME-WH and Vn-WH, respectively. However, the methane content was higher in the co-AD of POME-WH (72.04%) than in the co-AD of Vn-WH (69.86%). Growth yield (YG), maximum specific substrate utilization rate (rx,max) and maximum specific biomass growth rate (μmax) are higher in co-AD of POME-WH, as supported by the higher mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) and COD reduction efficiency compared to co-AD of Vn-WH. However, methane yield ([Formula: see text]) reported in the co-AD of POME-WH and Vn-WH are 0.2748 and 0.3112 L CH4/g CODreduction, respectively, which suggests that WH is a more suitable co-substrate for Vn compared to POME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Chai
- Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Yee-Shian Wong
- Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia.
- Water Research and Environmental Sustainability Growth, Centre of Excellence (WAREG), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Malaysia.
| | - Soon-An Ong
- Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
- Water Research and Environmental Sustainability Growth, Centre of Excellence (WAREG), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Nabilah Aminah Lutpi
- Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
- Water Research and Environmental Sustainability Growth, Centre of Excellence (WAREG), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Sung-Ting Sam
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Taweepreda Wirach
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Wei-Chin Kee
- Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Hwa-Chuan Khoo
- Bio Synergy Laboratories Sdn Bhd, Lot 1109, Mukim Malau, Daerah Kubang PasuJitra, 06000, Kedah, Malaysia
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