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Ysbæk-Nielsen AT, Gogolu RF, Tranter M, Obel ZK. Structural brain differences in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders with and without auditory verbal hallucinations. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 344:111863. [PMID: 39151331 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) are debilitating, with auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) being a core characteristic. While gray matter volume (GMV) reductions are commonly replicated in SSD populations, the neural basis of AVHs remains unclear. Using previously published data, this study comprises two main analyses, one of GMV dissimilarities between SSD and healthy controls (HC), and one of GMV differences specifically associated with AVHs. Structural brain images from 71 adults with (n = 46) and without (n = 25) SSD were employed. Group differences in GMVs of the cortex, anterior cingulate (ACC), superior temporal gyrus (STG), hippocampi, and thalami were assessed. Additionally, volumes of left Heschl's gyrus (HG) in a subgroup experiencing AVHs (AVH+, n = 23) were compared with those of patients who did not (AVH-, n = 23). SSD patients displayed reduced GMVs of the cortex, ACC, STG, hippocampi, and thalami compared to HC. AVH+ had significantly reduced left HG volume when compared to AVH-. Finally, a right-lateralized ventral prefrontal cluster was found to be uniquely associated with AVH severity. This study corroborates previous findings of GMV reductions in SSD cohorts. Chiefly, our secondary analysis suggests that AVHs are associated with language areas and their contralateral homologues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maya Tranter
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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2
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Veksler V, Leon-Rivera R, Fleysher L, Gonzalez J, Lopez JA, Rubin LH, Morgello S, Berman JW. CD14+CD16+ monocyte transmigration across the blood-brain barrier is associated with HIV-NCI despite viral suppression. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e179855. [PMID: 39253970 PMCID: PMC11385088 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.179855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment (HIV-NCI) affects 15%-50% of people with HIV (PWH), despite viral suppression with antiretroviral therapy (ART). HIV neuropathogenesis is mediated, in part, by transmigration of infected CD14+CD16+ monocytes across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) into the central nervous system (CNS). In the CNS, CD14+CD16+ monocytes contribute to infection and activation of parenchymal cells, resulting in production of neurotoxic viral and host factors that cause neuronal damage. Mechanisms by which CD14+CD16+ monocytes contribute to HIV-NCI have not been characterized in a study population of PWH on ART without contribution from confounders that affect cognition (e.g., substance use, hepatitis C virus coinfection). We assessed cognitive function, PBMC transmigration across the BBB, and neuronal health markers in a well-defined cohort of 56 PWH on ART using stringent criteria to eliminate confounding factors. We demonstrated that PWH on ART with HIV-NCI have significantly increased transmigration of their CD14+CD16+ monocytes across the BBB compared with those with normal cognition. We showed that hypertension and diabetes may be effect modifiers on the association between CD14+CD16+ monocyte transmigration and cognition. This study underscored the persistent role of CD14+CD16+ monocytes in HIV-NCI, even in PWH with viral suppression, suggesting them as potential targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Veksler
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rosiris Leon-Rivera
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lazar Fleysher
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jairo Gonzalez
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Johnny A Lopez
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Leah H Rubin
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Susan Morgello
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joan W Berman
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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3
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Leclaire KN, Blujus JK, Korthauer LE, Driscoll I. APOE4-related differences in cortical thickness are modulated by sex in middle age. Brain Imaging Behav 2024:10.1007/s11682-024-00911-9. [PMID: 39196521 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-024-00911-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4, the strongest genetic risk for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), confers greater risk in females than males. While APOE4-related modulation of structural brain integrity in AD is well documented, extant literature on sex-APOE interactions has focused on older adults. The understanding of the healthy brain as a part of the normal aging process and as distinct from explicit disease or pathology is essential before comparison can be made with pathological states. Hence, it is crucial to characterize and better understand these relationships in middle-age prior to the onset of overt clinical symptoms and advanced neurodegeneration. The present study examined the relationships between sex, APOE status, and cortical thickness in 128 healthy, cognitively unimpaired, middle-aged adults (ages 40-60, M(SD) = 49.97(6.04); 77 females). All participants underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging and were genotyped for APOE (APOE4 + = 38; APOE4- = 90). Compared to males, females had thicker superior frontal cortices bilaterally, left middle temporal cortex, and left pars triangularis. APOE4 + had thinner left rostral middle frontal gyrus compared to APOE4-. Female compared to male APOE4- had thicker left banks of the superior temporal sulcus, left caudal anterior cingulate, left superior frontal, left superior parietal, and right precentral cortices. Female compared to male APOE4 + had thicker superior frontal cortices bilaterally. Female APOE4 + had thinner left rostral anterior cingulate cortex compared to female APOE4-. Overall, APOE-related differences in cortical thickness are more pronounced in females and detectable in middle age, well before the onset of overt clinical symptoms of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlynne N Leclaire
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2441 E. Hartford Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA
| | - Jenna K Blujus
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2441 E. Hartford Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA
| | - Laura E Korthauer
- Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Ira Driscoll
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2441 E. Hartford Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA.
- Geriatrics and Gerontology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of WI - Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA.
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of WI - Madison, J5/M192 Clinical Science Center, 00 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53792, USA.
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Kim KM, Choi BK, Ha WS, Cho S, Chu MK, Heo K, Kim WJ. Development and Validation of Artificial Intelligence Models for Prognosis Prediction of Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy with Clinical and Radiological Features. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5080. [PMID: 39274294 PMCID: PMC11396353 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13175080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2024] [Revised: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is a common adolescent epilepsy characterized by myoclonic, generalized tonic-clonic, and sometimes absence seizures. Prognosis varies, with many patients experiencing relapse despite pharmacological treatment. Recent advances in imaging and artificial intelligence suggest that combining microstructural brain changes with traditional clinical variables can enhance potential prognostic biomarkers identification. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients with JME at the Severance Hospital, analyzing clinical variables and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. Machine learning models were developed to predict prognosis using clinical and radiological features. Results: The study utilized six machine learning models, with the XGBoost model demonstrating the highest predictive accuracy (AUROC 0.700). Combining clinical and MRI data outperformed models using either type of data alone. The key features identified through a Shapley additive explanation analysis included the volumes of the left cerebellum white matter, right thalamus, and left globus pallidus. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that integrating clinical and radiological data enhances the predictive accuracy of JME prognosis. Combining these neuroanatomical features with clinical variables provided a robust prediction of JME prognosis, highlighting the importance of integrating multimodal data for accurate prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Min Kim
- Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Kyu Choi
- Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Seok Ha
- Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Soomi Cho
- Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyung Chu
- Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Heo
- Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Joo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Royer J, Kebets V, Piguet C, Chen J, Ooi LQR, Kirschner M, Siffredi V, Misic B, Yeo BTT, Bernhardt BC. MULTIMODAL NEURAL CORRELATES OF CHILDHOOD PSYCHOPATHOLOGY. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.03.02.530821. [PMID: 39185226 PMCID: PMC11343159 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.02.530821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Complex structural and functional changes occurring in typical and atypical development necessitate multidimensional approaches to better understand the risk of developing psychopathology. Here, we simultaneously examined structural and functional brain network patterns in relation to dimensions of psychopathology in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development dataset. Several components were identified, recapitulating the psychopathology hierarchy, with the general psychopathology (p) factor explaining most covariance with multimodal imaging features, while the internalizing, externalizing, and neurodevelopmental dimensions were each associated with distinct morphological and functional connectivity signatures. Connectivity signatures associated with the p factor and neurodevelopmental dimensions followed the sensory-to-transmodal axis of cortical organization, which is related to the emergence of complex cognition and risk for psychopathology. Results were consistent in two separate data subsamples, supporting generalizability, and robust to variations in analytical parameters. Our findings help in better understanding biological mechanisms underpinning dimensions of psychopathology, and could provide brain-based vulnerability markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Royer
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Valeria Kebets
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational MR Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- N.1 Institute for Health & Institute for Digital Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Camille Piguet
- Young Adult Unit, Psychiatric Specialities Division, Geneva University Hospitals and Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
- Adolescent Unit, Division of General Paediatric, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals
| | - Jianzhong Chen
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational MR Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- N.1 Institute for Health & Institute for Digital Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Leon Qi Rong Ooi
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational MR Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- N.1 Institute for Health & Institute for Digital Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Matthias Kirschner
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Siffredi
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Neuro-X Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bratislav Misic
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - B T Thomas Yeo
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition & Centre for Translational MR Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- N.1 Institute for Health & Institute for Digital Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, National University Singapore, Singapore
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Boris C Bernhardt
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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van Drunen L, Dobbelaar S, Crone EA, Wierenga LM. Genetic and environmental influences on structural brain development from childhood to adolescence: A longitudinal twin study on cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volume. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 68:101407. [PMID: 38870602 PMCID: PMC11225697 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The human brain undergoes structural development from childhood to adolescence, with specific regions in the sensorimotor, social, and affective networks continuing to grow into adulthood. While genetic and environmental factors contribute to individual differences in these brain trajectories, the extent remains understudied. Our longitudinal study, utilizing up to three biennial MRI scans (n=485), aimed to assess the genetic and environmental effects on brain structure (age 7) and development (ages 7-14) in these regions. Heritability estimates varied across brain regions, with all regions showing genetic influence (ranging from 18 % to 59 %) with additional shared environmental factors affecting the primary motor cortex (30 %), somatosensory cortex (35 %), DLPFC (5 %), TPJ (17 %), STS (17 %), precuneus (10 %), hippocampus (22 %), amygdala (5 %), and nucleus accumbens (10 %). Surface area was more genetically driven (38 %) than cortical thickness (14 %). Longitudinal brain changes were primarily driven by genetics (ranging from 1 % to 29 %), though shared environment factors (additionally) influenced the somatosensory cortex (11 %), DLPFC (7 %), cerebellum (28 %), TPJ (16 %), STS (20 %), and hippocampus (17 %). These findings highlight the importance of further investigating brain-behavior associations and the influence of enriched and deprived environments from childhood to adolescence. Ultimately, our study can provide insights for interventions aimed at supporting children's development.
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Affiliation(s)
- L van Drunen
- Leiden Consortium of Individual Development (L-CID), the Netherlands; Erasmus University Rotterdam, Social and Behavioral Sciences, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), the Netherlands; Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands.
| | - S Dobbelaar
- Leiden Consortium of Individual Development (L-CID), the Netherlands; Erasmus University Rotterdam, Social and Behavioral Sciences, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), the Netherlands; Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands
| | - E A Crone
- Leiden Consortium of Individual Development (L-CID), the Netherlands; Erasmus University Rotterdam, Social and Behavioral Sciences, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), the Netherlands
| | - L M Wierenga
- Leiden Consortium of Individual Development (L-CID), the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), the Netherlands; Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands
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7
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Ahtam B, Yun HJ, Vyas R, Pienaar R, Wilson JH, Goswami CP, Berto LF, Warfield SK, Sahin M, Grant PE, Peters JM, Im K. Morphological Features of Language Regions in Individuals with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex. J Autism Dev Disord 2024; 54:3155-3175. [PMID: 37222965 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-06004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A significant number of individuals with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) exhibit language difficulties. Here, we examined the language-related brain morphometry in 59 participants (7 participants with TSC and comorbid autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (TSC + ASD), 13 with TSC but no ASD (TSC-ASD), 10 with ASD-only (ASD), and 29 typically developing (TD) controls). A hemispheric asymmetry was noted in surface area and gray matter volume of several cortical language areas in TD, ASD, and TSC-ASD groups, but not in TSC + ASD group. TSC + ASD group demonstrated increased cortical thickness and curvature values in multiple language regions for both hemispheres, compared to other groups. After controlling for tuber load in the TSC groups, within-group differences stayed the same but the differences between TSC-ASD and TSC + ASD were no longer statistically significant. These preliminary findings suggest that comorbid ASD in TSC as well as tuber load in TSC is associated with changes in the morphometry of language regions. Future studies with larger sample sizes will be needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banu Ahtam
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Hyuk Jin Yun
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Rutvi Vyas
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Rudolph Pienaar
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Josephine H Wilson
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Caroline P Goswami
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Laura F Berto
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Simon K Warfield
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mustafa Sahin
- Rosamund Stone Zander Translational Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - P Ellen Grant
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jurriaan M Peters
- Division of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kiho Im
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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8
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Li JS, Tun SM, Ficek-Tani B, Xu W, Wang S, Horien CL, Toyonaga T, Nuli SS, Zeiss CJ, Powers AR, Zhao Y, Mormino EC, Fredericks CA. Medial amygdalar tau is associated with mood symptoms in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024:S2451-9022(24)00200-3. [PMID: 39059466 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the amygdala receives early tau deposition in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is involved in social and emotional processing, the relationship between amygdalar tau and early neuropsychiatric symptoms in AD is unknown. We sought to determine whether focal tau binding in the amygdala and abnormal amygdalar connectivity were detectable in a preclinical AD cohort and identify relationships between these and self-reported mood symptoms. METHODS We examined n=598 individuals (n=347 amyloid-positive (58% female), n=251 amyloid-negative (62% female); subset into tau PET and fMRI cohorts) from the A4 Study. In the tau PET cohort, we used amygdalar segmentations to examine representative nuclei from three functional divisions of the amygdala. We analyzed between-group differences in division-specific tau binding in the amygdala in preclinical AD. We conducted seed-based functional connectivity analyses from each division in the fMRI cohort. Finally, we conducted exploratory post-hoc correlation analyses between neuroimaging biomarkers of interest and anxiety and depression scores. RESULTS Amyloid-positive individuals demonstrated increased tau binding in medial and lateral amygdala, and tau binding in these regions was associated with mood symptoms. Across amygdalar divisions, amyloid-positive individuals had relatively higher regional connectivity from amygdala to other temporal regions, insula, and orbitofrontal cortex, but medial amygdala to retrosplenial cortex was lower. Medial amygdala to retrosplenial connectivity was negatively associated with anxiety symptoms, as was retrosplenial tau. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that preclinical tau deposition in the amygdala and associated changes in functional connectivity may relate to early mood symptoms in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce S Li
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Samantha M Tun
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Wanwan Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Selena Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Takuya Toyonaga
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Caroline J Zeiss
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Albert R Powers
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Yize Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Elizabeth C Mormino
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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9
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Wei Y, Su W, Zhang T, Webler R, Tang X, Zheng Y, Tang Y, Xu L, Cui H, Zhu J, Qian Z, Ju M, Long B, Zhao J, Chen C, Zeng L, Zhang T, Wang J. Structural and functional abnormalities across clinical stages of psychosis: A multimodal neuroimaging investigation. Asian J Psychiatr 2024; 99:104153. [PMID: 39047353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structural and functional neurobiological abnormalities have been observed in schizophrenia. Previous studies have concentrated on specific illness stages, obscuring relationships between functional/structural changes and disorder progression. The present study aimed to quantify structural and functional abnormalities across different clinical stages using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI). METHODS Fifty-four participants with first-episode schizophrenia (FES), 120 with clinically high risk of psychosis (CHR), and 111 healthy controls (HCs) underwent functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure oxyhemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) during the verbal fluency task. Among them, 28FES, 64CHR and 55HC also finished sMRI. Oxy-Hb and gray matter volume (GMV) were compared among the three groups while controlling for covariates, including age, sex, years of education, and task performance. Mediation analysis was utilized to determine the mediating effect of GMV on Oxy-Hb and cognition. RESULTS Compared with the HC group, CHR and FES groups showed significantly reduced brain activity. However, there were no significant differences between the FES and CHR. Pronounced GMV increase in the right frontal pole area (F = 4.234, p = 0.016) was identified in the CHR and FES groups. Mediation analysis showed a significant mediation effect of the right frontal pole GMV between Channel 31 Oxy-Hb and processing speed (z = 2.105, p = 0.035) and attention/vigilance (z = 1.992, p = 0.046). CONCLUSIONS Brain activation and anatomical deficits were observed in different brain regions, suggesting that anatomical and functional abnormalities are dissociated in the early stages of psychosis. The relationship between neural activity and anatomy may reflect a specific pathophysiology related to cognitive deterioration in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Wenjun Su
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Tingyu Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ryan Webler
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Xiaochen Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yuchen Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yingying Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Lihua Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Huiru Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Junjuan Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zhenying Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Mingliang Ju
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Bin Long
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lingyun Zeng
- Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, ShenZhen, China
| | - Tianhong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Jijun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
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10
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Lee ZL, Siew SKH, Yu J. Intrinsic functional connectivity mediates the effect of personality traits on depressive symptoms. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300462. [PMID: 38985695 PMCID: PMC11236141 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Personality traits have been proposed as risk factors for depressive symptoms. However, the neural mechanism behind these relationships is unclear. This study examined the possible mediating effect of resting-state functional connectivity networks on these relationships. METHODS Data from 153 healthy Germans were obtained from the MPI-Leipzig Mind-Brain-Body: Neuroanatomy & Connectivity Protocol database. Network-based statistics were used to identify significant functional connectivity networks that were positively and negatively associated with the personality traits of neuroticism, conscientiousness, and extraversion, with and without demographical covariates. Mediation analyses were performed for each personality trait and depressive symptoms with the significant positive and negative network strengths of the respective personality traits as mediators. RESULTS Neuroticism, conscientiousness, and extraversion were significantly correlated with depressive symptoms. Network-based statistics identified patterns of functional connectivity that were significantly associated with neuroticism and conscientiousness. After controlling for demographical covariates, significant conscientiousness-associated and extraversion-associated networks emerged. Mediation analysis concluded that only the neuroticism-positive network mediated the effect of neuroticism on depressive symptoms. When age and sex were controlled, the extraversion-positive network completely mediated the effect of extraversion on depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS These findings revealed that patterns of intrinsic functional networks predict personality traits and suggest that the relationship between personality traits and depressive symptoms may in part be due to their common patterns of intrinsic functional networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Long Lee
- School of Social Sciences, Psychology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Savannah Kiah Hui Siew
- School of Social Sciences, Psychology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Junhong Yu
- School of Social Sciences, Psychology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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11
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Wang T, Zeng J, Huang W, Xiong X, Su L. Right thalamic volume mediates impact of the dopamine beta-hydroxylase gene on the endowment effect. Behav Brain Res 2024; 469:115050. [PMID: 38761858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
The endowment effect is a tendency that individuals overvalue items belonging to them relative to those items that do not. Previous studies showed a strong relation between the dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) gene and the endowment effect (EE), and a link between EE and task-based functional MRI activation in multiple brain regions. However, the role of brain structure on EE remains unclear. In this study, we have explored whether regional brain volume mediate the effect of the DBH gene on EE. Results showed that rs1611115, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at DBH loci, were significantly associated with right thalamus volume and the endowment effect in males but not in female participants. Specifically, male DBH rs1611115 T-carriers had larger right thalamus volume compared to carriers of CC genotype and exhibited a greater endowment effect. Importantly, we found that right thalamus volume mediated the effect of rs1611115 on the endowment effect in male participants. This study demonstrated how thalamic volume plays an important mediating role between genetics and decision-making in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Sino-Britain Centre for Cognition and Ageing Research, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jianmin Zeng
- Sino-Britain Centre for Cognition and Ageing Research, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Weijie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Department of Neuroscience, Neuroscience Institute, Insigneo Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, United Kingdom
| | - Xiong Xiong
- Department of Neuroscience, Neuroscience Institute, Insigneo Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, United Kingdom
| | - Li Su
- Department of Neuroscience, Neuroscience Institute, Insigneo Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, United Kingdom.
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12
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Xu D, Ren Q, Liu Q, Liu M, Gong H, Liu Y, Yin Z, Zeng Z, Xia S, Zhang Y, Li J, Gao Q, Wang J, Li X. Hippocampal Glutamate Levels and Their Correlation With Subregion Volume in School-Aged Children With MRI-Negative Epilepsy: A Preliminary Study. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024. [PMID: 38970314 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal levels of glutamate constitute a key pathophysiologic mechanism in epilepsy. The use of glutamate chemical exchange saturation transfer (GluCEST) imaging to measure glutamate levels in pediatric epilepsy is rarely reported in research. PURPOSE To investigate hippocampal glutamate level variations in pediatric epilepsy and the correlation between glutamate and hippocampal subregional volumes. STUDY TYPE Cross-sectional, prospective. SUBJECTS A total of 38 school-aged pediatric epilepsy patients with structurally normal MRI as determined by at least two independent radiologists (60% males; 8.7 ± 2.5 years; including 20 cases of focal pediatric epilepsy [FE] and 18 cases of generalized pediatric epilepsy [GE]) and 17 healthy controls (HC) (41% males; 9.0 ± 2.5 years). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3.0 T; 3D magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo (MPRAGE) and 2D turbo spin echo GluCEST sequences. ASSESSMENT The relative concentration of glutamate was calculated through pixel-wise magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry (MTRasym) analysis of the GluCEST data. Hippocampal subfield volumes were computed from MPRAGE data using FreeSurfer. STATISTICAL TESTS This study used t tests, one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Pearson correlation analysis. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The MTRasym values of both the left and right hippocampi were significantly elevated in GE (left: 2.51 ± 0.23 [GE] vs. 2.31 ± 0.12 [HCs], right: 2.50 ± 0.22 [GE] vs. 2.27 ± 0.22 [HCs]). The MTRasym values of the ipsilateral hippocampus were significantly elevated in FE (2.49 ± 0.28 [ipsilateral] vs. 2.29 ± 0.16 [HCs]). The MTRasym values of the ipsilateral hippocampus were significantly increased compared to the contralateral hippocampus in FE (2.49 ± 0.28 [ipsilateral] vs. 2.35 ± 0.34 [contralateral]). No significant differences in hippocampal volume were found between different groups (left hippocampus, P = 0.87; right hippocampus, P = 0.87). DATA CONCLUSION GluCEST imaging have potential for the noninvasive measurement of glutamate levels in the brains of children with epilepsy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghao Xu
- School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Qingfa Ren
- Department of Radiology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Quanyuan Liu
- Department of Radiology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - He Gong
- School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Zhijie Yin
- Department of Radiology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuyuan Xia
- Department of Radiology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Radiology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Quansheng Gao
- Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Xianglin Li
- School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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13
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Ysbæk-Nielsen AT. Exploring volumetric abnormalities in subcortical L-HPA axis structures in pediatric generalized anxiety disorder. Nord J Psychiatry 2024; 78:402-410. [PMID: 38573199 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2024.2335980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is debilitating and increasingly prevalent, yet its etiology remains unclear. Some believe the disorder to be propagated by chronic dysregulation of the limbic-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (L-HPA) axis, but morphometric studies of implicated subcortical areas have been largely inconclusive. Recognizing that certain subcortical subdivisions are more directly involved in L-HPA axis functioning, this study aims to detect specific abnormalities in these critical areas. METHODS Thirty-eight MRI scans of preschool children with (n = 15) and without (n = 23) GAD underwent segmentation and between-group volumetric comparisons of the basolateral amygdala (BLA), ventral hippocampal subiculum (vSC), and mediodorsal medial magnocellular (MDm) area of the thalamus. RESULTS Children with GAD displayed significantly larger vSC compared to healthy peers, F(1, 31) = 6.50, pFDR = .048. On average, children with GAD presented with larger BLA and MDm, Fs(1, 31) ≥ 4.86, psFDR ≤ .054. Exploratory analyses revealed right-hemispheric lateralization of all measures, most notably the MDm, F(1, 31) = 8.13, pFDR = .024, the size of which scaled with symptom severity, r = .83, pFDR = .033. CONCLUSION The BLA, vSC, and MDm are believed to be involved in the regulation of anxiety and stress, both individually and collectively through the excitation and inhibition of the L-HPA axis. All were found to be enlarged in children with GAD, perhaps reflecting hypertrophy related to hyperexcitability, or early neuronal overgrowth. Longitudinal studies should investigate the relationship between these early morphological differences and the long-term subcortical atrophy previously observed.
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14
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Torres-Carmona E, Ueno F, Iwata Y, Nakajima S, Song J, Mar W, Abdolizadeh A, Agarwal SM, de Luca V, Remington G, Gerretsen P, Graff-Guerrero A. Elevated intrinsic cortical curvature in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: Evidence of structural deformation in functional connectivity areas and comparison with alternate indices of structure. Schizophr Res 2024; 269:103-113. [PMID: 38761434 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research suggests structural and connectivity abnormalities in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) compared to first-line responders and healthy-controls. However, measures of these abnormalities are often influenced by external factors like nicotine and antipsychotics, limiting their clinical utility. Intrinsic-cortical-curvature (ICC) presents a millimetre-scale measure of brain gyrification, highly sensitive to schizophrenia differences, and associated with TRS-like traits in early stages of the disorder. Despite this evidence, ICC in TRS remains unexplored. This study investigates ICC as a marker for treatment resistance in TRS, alongside structural indices for comparison. METHODS We assessed ICC in anterior cingulate, dorsolateral prefrontal, temporal, and parietal cortices of 38 first-line responders, 30 clozapine-resistant TRS, 37 clozapine-responsive TRS, and 52 healthy-controls. For comparative purposes, Fold and Curvature indices were also analyzed. RESULTS Adjusting for age, sex, nicotine-use, and chlorpromazine equivalence, principal findings indicate ICC elevations in the left hemisphere dorsolateral prefrontal (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.142) and temporal cortices (LH p = 0.007, η2partial = 0.060; RH p = 0.011, η2partial = 0.076) of both TRS groups, and left anterior cingulate cortex of clozapine-resistant TRS (p = 0.026, η2partial = 0.065), compared to healthy-controls. Elevations that correlated with reduced cognition (p = 0.001) and negative symptomology (p < 0.034) in clozapine-resistant TRS. Fold and Curvature indices only detected group differences in the right parietal cortex, showing interactions with age, sex, and nicotine use. ICC showed interactions with age. CONCLUSION ICC elevations were found among patients with TRS, and correlated with symptom severity. ICCs relative independence from sex, nicotine-use, and antipsychotics, may support ICC's potential as a viable marker for TRS, though age interactions should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgardo Torres-Carmona
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fumihiko Ueno
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yusuke Iwata
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakajima
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jianmeng Song
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wanna Mar
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ali Abdolizadeh
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sri Mahavir Agarwal
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Institute Research Program, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vincenzo de Luca
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Institute Research Program, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gary Remington
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Institute Research Program, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Philip Gerretsen
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Institute Research Program, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ariel Graff-Guerrero
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Institute Research Program, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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15
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Shao S, Zou Y, Kennedy KG, Dimick MK, Andreazza AC, Young LT, Goncalves VF, MacIntosh BJ, Goldstein BI. Pilot study of circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA in relation to brain structure in youth bipolar disorder. Int J Bipolar Disord 2024; 12:21. [PMID: 38874862 PMCID: PMC11178693 DOI: 10.1186/s40345-024-00334-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in the neuropathology of bipolar disorder (BD). Higher circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA), generally reflecting poorer mitochondrial health, has been associated with greater symptoms severity in BD. The current study examines the association of serum ccf-mtDNA and brain structure in relation to youth BD. We hypothesized that higher ccf-mtDNA will be associated with measures of lower brain structure, particularly in the BD group. METHODS Participants included 40 youth (BD, n = 19; Control group [CG], n = 21; aged 13-20 years). Serum ccf-mtDNA levels were assayed. T1-weighted brain images were acquired using 3T-MRI. Region of interest (ROI) analyses examined prefrontal cortex (PFC) and whole brain gray matter, alongside exploratory vertex-wise analyses. Analyses examined ccf-mtDNA main-effects and ccf-mtDNA-by-diagnosis interaction effects controlling for age, sex, and intracranial volume. RESULTS There was no significant difference in ccf-mtDNA levels between BD and CG. In ROI analyses, higher ccf-mtDNA was associated with higher PFC surface area (SA) (β = 0.32 p < 0.001) and PFC volume (β = 0.32 p = 0.002) in the overall sample. In stratified analyses, higher ccf-mtDNA was associated with higher PFC SA within both subgroups (BD: β = 0.39 p = 0.02; CG: β = 0.24 p = 0.045). Higher ccf-mtDNA was associated with higher PFC volume within the BD group (β = 0.39 p = 0.046). In vertex-wise analyses, higher ccf-mtDNA was associated with higher SA and volume in frontal clusters within the overall sample and within the BD group. There were significant ccf-mtDNA-by-diagnosis interactions in three frontal and parietal clusters, whereby higher ccf-mtDNA was associated with higher neurostructural metrics in the BD group but lower neurostructural metrics in CG. CONCLUSIONS Contrasting our hypothesis, higher ccf-mtDNA was consistently associated with higher, rather than lower, regional neuralstructural metrics among youth with BD. While this finding may reflect a compensatory mechanism, future repeated-measures prospective studies evaluating the inter-relationship among ccf-mtDNA, mood, and brain structure across developmental epochs and illness stages are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyi Shao
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Yi Zou
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kody G Kennedy
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mikaela K Dimick
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ana C Andreazza
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L Trevor Young
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vanessa F Goncalves
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bradley J MacIntosh
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin I Goldstein
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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16
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Smith DM, Parekh P, Kennedy J, Loughnan R, Frei O, Nichols TE, Andreassen OA, Jernigan TL, Dale AM. Partitioning variance in cortical morphometry into genetic, environmental, and subject-specific components. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae234. [PMID: 38850213 PMCID: PMC11161865 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The relative contributions of genetic variation and experience in shaping the morphology of the adolescent brain are not fully understood. Using longitudinal data from 11,665 subjects in the ABCD Study, we fit vertex-wise variance components including family effects, genetic effects, and subject-level effects using a computationally efficient framework. Variance in cortical thickness and surface area is largely attributable to genetic influence, whereas sulcal depth is primarily explained by subject-level effects. Our results identify areas with heterogeneous distributions of heritability estimates that have not been seen in previous work using data from cortical regions. We discuss the biological importance of subject-specific variance and its implications for environmental influences on cortical development and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Smith
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Pravesh Parekh
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Problemveien 11, 0313 Oslo, Norway
| | - Joseph Kennedy
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Robert Loughnan
- Population Neuroscience and Genetics Lab, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Problemveien 11, 0313 Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Problemveien 11, 0313 Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas E Nichols
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Problemveien 11, 0313 Oslo, Norway
| | - Terry L Jernigan
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Anders M Dale
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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17
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Li JS, Tun SM, Ficek-Tani B, Xu W, Wang S, Horien CL, Toyonaga T, Nuli SS, Zeiss CJ, Powers AR, Zhao Y, Mormino EC, Fredericks CA. Medial amygdalar tau is associated with anxiety symptoms in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.03.597160. [PMID: 38895308 PMCID: PMC11185761 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.03.597160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the amygdala receives early tau deposition in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is involved in social and emotional processing, the relationship between amygdalar tau and early neuropsychiatric symptoms in AD is unknown. We sought to determine whether focal tau binding in the amygdala and abnormal amygdalar connectivity were detectable in a preclinical AD cohort and identify relationships between these and self-reported mood symptoms. METHODS We examined n=598 individuals (n=347 amyloid-positive (58% female), n=251 amyloid-negative (62% female); subset into tau PET and fMRI cohorts) from the A4 Study. In our tau PET cohort, we used amygdalar segmentations to examine representative nuclei from three functional divisions of the amygdala. We analyzed between-group differences in division-specific tau binding in the amygdala in preclinical AD. We conducted seed-based functional connectivity analyses from each division in the fMRI cohort. Finally, we conducted exploratory post-hoc correlation analyses between neuroimaging biomarkers of interest and anxiety and depression scores. RESULTS Amyloid-positive individuals demonstrated increased tau binding in medial and lateral amygdala (F(4,442)=14.61, p=0.00045; F(4,442)=5.83, p=0.024, respectively). Across amygdalar divisions, amyloid-positive individuals had relatively increased regional connectivity from amygdala to other temporal regions, insula, and orbitofrontal cortex. There was an interaction by amyloid group between tau binding in the medial and lateral amygdala and anxiety. Medial amygdala to retrosplenial connectivity negatively correlated with anxiety symptoms (rs=-0.103, p=0.015). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that preclinical tau deposition in the amygdala may result in meaningful changes in functional connectivity which may predispose patients to mood symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce S Li
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Samantha M Tun
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Wanwan Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Selena Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Takuya Toyonaga
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Caroline J Zeiss
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Albert R Powers
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Yize Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Elizabeth C Mormino
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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18
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Economou M, Vanden Bempt F, Van Herck S, Glatz T, Wouters J, Ghesquière P, Vanderauwera J, Vandermosten M. Cortical Structure in Pre-Readers at Cognitive Risk for Dyslexia: Baseline Differences and Response to Intervention. NEUROBIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2024; 5:264-287. [PMID: 38832361 PMCID: PMC11093402 DOI: 10.1162/nol_a_00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Early childhood is a critical period for structural brain development as well as an important window for the identification and remediation of reading difficulties. Recent research supports the implementation of interventions in at-risk populations as early as kindergarten or first grade, yet the neurocognitive mechanisms following such interventions remain understudied. To address this, we investigated cortical structure by means of anatomical MRI before and after a 12-week tablet-based intervention in: (1) at-risk children receiving phonics-based training (n = 29; n = 16 complete pre-post datasets), (2) at-risk children engaging with AC training (n = 24; n = 15 complete pre-post datasets) and (3) typically developing children (n = 25; n = 14 complete pre-post datasets) receiving no intervention. At baseline, we found higher surface area of the right supramarginal gyrus in at-risk children compared to typically developing peers, extending previous evidence that early anatomical differences exist in children who may later develop dyslexia. Our longitudinal analysis revealed significant post-intervention thickening of the left supramarginal gyrus, present exclusively in the intervention group but not the active control or typical control groups. Altogether, this study contributes new knowledge to our understanding of the brain morphology associated with cognitive risk for dyslexia and response to early intervention, which in turn raises new questions on how early anatomy and plasticity may shape the trajectories of long-term literacy development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Toivo Glatz
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Wouters
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Yu J. Age-related decline in thickness and surface area in the cortical surface and hippocampus: lifespan trajectories and decade-by-decade analyses. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01220-1. [PMID: 38831181 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01220-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies on age-related changes in cortical and hippocampal morphology were not designed or able to reveal the complex spatial patterns of changes across the lifespan. To this end, the current study examined these changes in a decade-by-decade manner by comparing consecutive age decades at the vertex-wise level. Additionally, the lifespan trajectories of cortical/hippocampal mean thickness and total surface area were modeled and plotted out to provide an overview of their age-related changes. Using two lifespan datasets (Ntotal = 1378; 18 ≤ age ≤ 100), vertex-wise thickness and surface area measurements were extracted from the cortical and unfolded hippocampal surfaces and analyzed using whole-brain/hippocampus vertex-wise analyses. Lifespan trajectories of cortical/hippocampal mean thickness and total surface area were modeled with generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape. These models revealed fairly linear declines in both cortical measures and inverted U-shaped trajectories for both hippocampal measures. Across the different age decades, the sizes and locations of cortical thinning clusters were highly variable across the age decades. No significant clusters of cortical surface area changes were observed across the age decades. Significant clusters of hippocampal surface area and thickness reduction were not observed until the 70s. Generally, the agreement between datasets on the hippocampal findings was much higher than those of the cortical surface. These findings revealed important nuances in the age-related changes of cortical and hippocampal morphology and cautioned against using lifespan trajectories to infer decade-by-decade changes in the cortical surface and the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Yu
- Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 48 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
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Hodgdon EA, Anderson R, Azzawi HA, Wilson TW, Calhoun VD, Wang YP, Solis I, Greve DN, Stephen JM, Ciesielski KTR. MRI morphometry of the anterior and posterior cerebellar vermis and its relationship to sensorimotor and cognitive functions in children. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 67:101385. [PMID: 38713999 PMCID: PMC11096723 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The human cerebellum emerges as a posterior brain structure integrating neural networks for sensorimotor, cognitive, and emotional processing across the lifespan. Developmental studies of the cerebellar anatomy and function are scant. We examine age-dependent MRI morphometry of the anterior cerebellar vermis, lobules I-V and posterior neocortical lobules VI-VII and their relationship to sensorimotor and cognitive functions. METHODS Typically developing children (TDC; n=38; age 9-15) and healthy adults (HAC; n=31; 18-40) participated in high-resolution MRI. Rigorous anatomically informed morphometry of the vermis lobules I-V and VI-VII and total brain volume (TBV) employed manual segmentation computer-assisted FreeSurfer Image Analysis Program [http://surfer.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu]. The neuropsychological scores (WASI-II) were normalized and related to volumes of anterior, posterior vermis, and TBV. RESULTS TBVs were age independent. Volumes of I-V and VI-VII were significantly reduced in TDC. The ratio of VI-VII to I-V (∼60%) was stable across age-groups; I-V correlated with visual-spatial-motor skills; VI-VII with verbal, visual-abstract and FSIQ. CONCLUSIONS In TDC neither anterior I-V nor posterior VI-VII vermis attained adult volumes. The "inverted U" developmental trajectory of gray matter peaking in adolescence does not explain this finding. The hypothesis of protracted development of oligodendrocyte/myelination is suggested as a contributor to TDC's lower cerebellar vermis volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Hodgdon
- Pediatric Neuroscience Laboratory, Psychology Clinical Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Ryan Anderson
- Pediatric Neuroscience Laboratory, Psychology Clinical Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Hussein Al Azzawi
- Pediatric Neuroscience Laboratory, Psychology Clinical Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Institute of Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, 14090 Mother Teresa Lane, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd N.E., Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA; Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, Emory, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yu-Ping Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, 6823 St. Charles Ave, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Isabel Solis
- Pediatric Neuroscience Laboratory, Psychology Clinical Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Douglas N Greve
- MGH/MIT Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julia M Stephen
- Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, 1101 Yale Blvd N.E., Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Kristina T R Ciesielski
- Pediatric Neuroscience Laboratory, Psychology Clinical Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; MGH/MIT Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Lim ZH, Ng TKS, Bao Z, Yu J, Mahendran R. LFC study: Protocol for a longitudinal follow-up cohort study on ageing and mental health in community-dwelling older adults in Singapore. MethodsX 2024; 12:102606. [PMID: 38379721 PMCID: PMC10877946 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2024.102606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapid pace of population ageing worldwide has prompted the need to better understand the ageing process. The current study, titled the Longitudinal Follow-up of the CHI (LFC) study, was a 3-year follow-up study of an earlier study titled the Community Health and Intergenerational (CHI) study. The LFC study looked to examine longitudinal changes in their cognitive functioning and psychosocial outcomes across the 3-year period. Additionally, the current study built upon the earlier CHI study by collecting neuroimaging data and exploring the long-term effects of non-pharmacological interventions, which were not examined in the prior study. A total of 653 community-dwelling participants from the baseline CHI study cohort were invited to take part in the LFC study, where they underwent a battery of neuropsychological assessments, psychosocial questionnaires, a Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan and a voice recording segment. The current study would holistically track longitudinal changes in cognitive functioning and psychosocial outcomes in the ageing population in Singapore. Unique associations between linguistics and neuroimaging data alongside cognitive and psychosocial outcomes would be explored. This study also serves to guide the development of new interventions for older adults and assist in improving the well-being of the local and global ageing population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Hao Lim
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, MD1 – Tahir Foundation Building, 117549, Singapore
| | - Ted Kheng Siang Ng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhiming Bao
- Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, National University of Singapore, The Shaw Foundation Building, Block AS7, Level 5, 5 Arts Link, Singapore
| | - Junhong Yu
- Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, 639798, Singapore
| | - Rathi Mahendran
- Mind Science Centre, National University of Singapore, Mind Care Clinic @ SBF, 160 Robinson Road, #05-07 SBF Center, 068914, Singapore
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Kohli JS, Linke AC, Martindale IA, Wilkinson M, Kinnear MK, Lincoln AJ, Hau J, Shryock I, Omaleki V, Alemu K, Pedrahita S, Fishman I, Müller R, Carper RA. Associations between atypical intracortical myelin content and neuropsychological functions in middle to older aged adults with ASD. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3594. [PMID: 38849980 PMCID: PMC11161394 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In vivo myeloarchitectonic mapping based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides a unique view of gray matter myelin content and offers information complementary to other morphological indices commonly employed in studies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The current study sought to determine if intracortical myelin content (MC) and its age-related trajectories differ between middle aged to older adults with ASD and age-matched typical comparison participants. METHODS Data from 30 individuals with ASD and 36 age-matched typical comparison participants aged 40-70 years were analyzed. Given substantial heterogeneity in both etiology and outcomes in ASD, we utilized both group-level and subject-level analysis approaches to test for signs of atypical intracortical MC as estimated by T1w/T2w ratio. RESULTS Group-level analyses showed no significant differences in average T1w/T2w ratio or its associations with age between groups, but revealed significant positive main effects of age bilaterally, with T1w/T2w ratio increasing with age across much of the cortex. In subject-level analyses, participants were classified into subgroups based on presence or absence of clusters of aberrant T1w/T2w ratio, and lower neuropsychological function was observed in the ASD subgroup with atypically high T1w/T2w ratio in spatially heterogeneous cortical regions. These differences were observed across several neuropsychological domains, including overall intellectual functioning, processing speed, and aspects of executive function. CONCLUSIONS The group-level and subject-level approaches employed here demonstrate the value of examining inter-individual variability and provide important preliminary insights into relationships between brain structure and cognition in the second half of the lifespan in ASD, suggesting shared factors contributing to atypical intracortical myelin content and poorer cognitive outcomes for a subset of middle aged to older autistic adults. These atypicalities likely reflect diverse histories of neurodevelopmental deficits, and possible compensatory changes, compounded by processes of aging, and may serve as useful markers of vulnerability to further cognitive decline in older adults with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwandeep S. Kohli
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
- San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical PsychologySan Diego State University/University of CaliforniaSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Annika C. Linke
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ian A. Martindale
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Molly Wilkinson
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
- San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical PsychologySan Diego State University/University of CaliforniaSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Mikaela K. Kinnear
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Alan J. Lincoln
- California School of Professional PsychologyAlliant International UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Janice Hau
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ian Shryock
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Vinton Omaleki
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kalekirstos Alemu
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Stephanie Pedrahita
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Inna Fishman
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ralph‐Axel Müller
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ruth A. Carper
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
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Saglam Y, Ermis C, Takir S, Oz A, Hamid R, Kose H, Bas A, Karacetin G. The Contribution of Explainable Machine Learning Algorithms Using ROI-based Brain Surface Morphology Parameters in Distinguishing Early-onset Schizophrenia From Bipolar Disorder. Acad Radiol 2024:S1076-6332(24)00222-8. [PMID: 38704285 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To differentiate early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) from early-onset bipolar disorder (EBD) using surface-based morphometry measurements and brain volumes using machine learning (ML) algorithms. METHOD High-resolution T1-weighted images were obtained to measure cortical thickness (CT), gyrification, gyrification index (GI), sulcal depth (SD), fractal dimension (FD), and brain volumes. After the feature selection step, ML classifiers were applied for each feature set and the combination of them. The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) technique was implemented to interpret the contribution of each feature. FINDINGS 144 adolescents (16.2 ± 1.4 years, female=39%) with EOS (n = 81) and EBD (n = 63) were included. The Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) algorithm had the highest accuracy (82.75%) in the whole dataset that includes all variables from Destrieux atlas. The best-performing algorithms were K-nearest neighbors (KNN) for FD subset, support vector machine (SVM) for SD subset, and AdaBoost for GI subset. The KNN algorithm had the highest accuracy (accuracy=79.31%) in the whole dataset from the Desikan-Killiany-Tourville atlas. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the use of ML in the differential diagnosis of EOS and EBD using surface-based morphometry measurements. Future studies could focus on multicenter data for the validation of these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesim Saglam
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Prof Dr Mazhar Osman Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Cagatay Ermis
- Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Department of Child Psychiatry, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Seyma Takir
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Oz
- Department of Radiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rauf Hamid
- Department of Radiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hatice Kose
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Bas
- Department of Radiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gul Karacetin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Prof Dr Mazhar Osman Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey
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Cobia D, Haut MW, Revill KP, Rellick SL, Nudo RJ, Wischnewski M, Buetefisch CM. Gray matter volume of functionally relevant primary motor cortex is causally related to learning a hand motor task. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae210. [PMID: 38771243 PMCID: PMC11107379 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Variability in brain structure is associated with the capacity for behavioral change. However, a causal link between specific brain areas and behavioral change (such as motor learning) has not been demonstrated. We hypothesized that greater gray matter volume of a primary motor cortex (M1) area active during a hand motor learning task is positively correlated with subsequent learning of the task, and that the disruption of this area blocks learning of the task. Healthy participants underwent structural MRI before learning a skilled hand motor task. Next, participants performed this learning task during fMRI to determine M1 areas functionally active during this task. This functional ROI was anatomically constrained with M1 boundaries to create a group-level "Active-M1" ROI used to measure gray matter volume in each participant. Greater gray matter volume in the left hemisphere Active-M1 ROI was related to greater motor learning in the corresponding right hand. When M1 hand area was disrupted with repetitive transcranial stimulation (rTMS), learning of the motor task was blocked, confirming its causal link to motor learning. Our combined imaging and rTMS approach revealed greater cortical volume in a task-relevant M1 area is causally related to learning of a hand motor task in healthy humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derin Cobia
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Center, 1036 KMBL, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Marc W Haut
- Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, 33 Medical Center Dr., West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Department of Neurology, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, 33 Medical Center Dr., West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Department of Radiology, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, 33 Medical Center Dr., West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Kate P Revill
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Stephanie L Rellick
- Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, 33 Medical Center Dr., West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Randolph J Nudo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Miles Wischnewski
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, 1441 Clifton Road NE, Suite 236 C, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Cathrin M Buetefisch
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, 1441 Clifton Road NE, Suite 236 C, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University, 1441 Clifton Road NE, Suite 236 C, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Radiology, Emory University, 1441 Clifton Road NE, Suite 236 C, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Park Y, Lee MJ, Yoo S, Kim CY, Namgung JY, Park Y, Park H, Lee EC, Yoon YD, Paquola C, Bernhardt BC, Park BY. GAN-MAT: Generative adversarial network-based microstructural profile covariance analysis toolbox. Neuroimage 2024; 291:120595. [PMID: 38554782 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides complementary information for investigating brain structure and function; for example, an in vivo microstructure-sensitive proxy can be estimated using the ratio between T1- and T2-weighted structural MRI. However, acquiring multiple imaging modalities is challenging in patients with inattentive disorders. In this study, we proposed a comprehensive framework to provide multiple imaging features related to the brain microstructure using only T1-weighted MRI. Our toolbox consists of (i) synthesizing T2-weighted MRI from T1-weighted MRI using a conditional generative adversarial network; (ii) estimating microstructural features, including intracortical covariance and moment features of cortical layer-wise microstructural profiles; and (iii) generating a microstructural gradient, which is a low-dimensional representation of the intracortical microstructure profile. We trained and tested our toolbox using T1- and T2-weighted MRI scans of 1,104 healthy young adults obtained from the Human Connectome Project database. We found that the synthesized T2-weighted MRI was very similar to the actual image and that the synthesized data successfully reproduced the microstructural features. The toolbox was validated using an independent dataset containing healthy controls and patients with episodic migraine as well as the atypical developmental condition of autism spectrum disorder. Our toolbox may provide a new paradigm for analyzing multimodal structural MRI in the neuroscience community and is openly accessible at https://github.com/CAMIN-neuro/GAN-MAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongjun Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Mi Ji Lee
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Chae Yeon Kim
- Department of Data Science, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | | | - Yunseo Park
- Department of Data Science, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hyunjin Park
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea; Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, South Korea
| | | | | | - Casey Paquola
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Boris C Bernhardt
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bo-Yong Park
- Department of Data Science, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, South Korea; Department of Statistics and Data Science, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea.
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Cilia BJ, Eratne D, Wannan C, Malpas C, Janelidze S, Hansson O, Everall I, Bousman C, Thomas N, Santillo AF, Velakoulis D, Pantelis C. Associations between structural brain changes and blood neurofilament light chain protein in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.04.07.24305362. [PMID: 38645076 PMCID: PMC11030485 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.07.24305362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Background and Hypothesis Around 30% of people with schizophrenia are refractory to antipsychotic treatment (treatment-resistant schizophrenia; TRS). While abnormal structural neuroimaging findings, in particular volume and thickness reductions, are often observed in schizophrenia, it is anticipated that biomarkers of neuronal injury like neurofilament light chain protein (NfL) can improve our understanding of the pathological basis underlying schizophrenia. The current study aimed to determine whether people with TRS demonstrate different associations between plasma NfL levels and regional cortical thickness reductions compared with controls. Study Design Measurements of plasma NfL and cortical thickness were obtained from 39 individuals with TRS, and 43 healthy controls. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging sequences were obtained and processed via FreeSurfer. General linear mixed models adjusting for age and weight were estimated to determine whether the interaction between diagnostic group and plasma NfL level predicted lower cortical thickness across frontotemporal structures and the insula. Study Results Significant (false discovery rate corrected) cortical thinning of the left ( p = 0.001, η 2p = 0.104) and right ( p < 0.001, η 2 = 0.167) insula was associated with higher levels of plasma NfL in TRS, but not in healthy controls. Conclusions The association between regional thickness reduction of the insula bilaterally and plasma NfL may reflect a neurodegenerative process during the course of TRS. The findings of the present study suggest that some level of cortical degeneration localised to the bilateral insula may exist in people with TRS, which is not observed in the normal population.
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Gimbel SI, Hungerford LD, Twamley EW, Ettenhofer ML. White Matter Organization and Cortical Thickness Differ Among Active Duty Service Members With Chronic Mild, Moderate, and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2024; 41:818-835. [PMID: 37800726 PMCID: PMC11005384 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2023.0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract This study compared findings from whole-brain diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) among 90 Active Duty Service Members with chronic mild traumatic brain injury (TBI; n = 52), chronic moderate-to-severe TBI (n = 17), and TBI-negative controls (n = 21). Data were collected on a Philips Ingenia 3T MRI with DTI in 32 directions. Results demonstrated that history of TBI was associated with differences in white matter microstructure, white matter volume, and cortical thickness in both mild TBI and moderate-to-severe TBI groups relative to controls. However, the presence, pattern, and distribution of these findings varied substantially depending on the injury severity. Spatially-defined forms of DTI fractional anisotropy (FA) analyses identified altered white matter organization within the chronic moderate-to-severe TBI group, but they did not provide clear evidence of abnormalities within the chronic mild TBI group. In contrast, DTI FA "pothole" analyses identified widely distributed areas of decreased FA throughout the white matter in both the chronic mild TBI and chronic moderate-to-severe TBI groups. Additionally, decreased white matter volume was found in several brain regions for the chronic moderate-to-severe TBI group compared with the other groups. Greater number of DTI FA potholes and reduced cortical thickness were also related to greater severity of self-reported symptoms. In sum, this study expands upon a growing body of literature using advanced imaging techniques to identify potential effects of brain injury in military Service Members. These findings may differ from work in other TBI populations due to varying mechanisms and frequency of injury, as well as a potentially higher level of functioning in the current sample related to the ability to maintain continued Active Duty status after injury. In conclusion, this study provides DTI and volumetric MRI findings across the spectrum of TBI severity. These results provide support for the use of DTI and volumetric MRI to identify differences in white matter microstructure and volume related to TBI. In particular, DTI FA pothole analysis may provide greater sensitivity for detecting subtle forms of white matter injury than conventional DTI FA analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah I. Gimbel
- Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- General Dynamics Information Technology, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Lars D. Hungerford
- Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- General Dynamics Information Technology, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Elizabeth W. Twamley
- University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Mark L. Ettenhofer
- Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- General Dynamics Information Technology, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
- University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
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Roberts AG, Romano DJ, Şişman M, Dimov AV, Nguyen TD, Kovanlikaya I, Gauthier SA, Wang Y, Spincemaille P. Maximum spherical mean value filtering for whole-brain QSM. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:1586-1597. [PMID: 38169132 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a tissue field-filtering algorithm, called maximum spherical mean value (mSMV), for reducing shadow artifacts in QSM of the brain without requiring brain-tissue erosion. THEORY AND METHODS Residual background field is a major source of shadow artifacts in QSM. The mSMV algorithm filters large field-magnitude values near the border, where the maximum value of the harmonic background field is located. The effectiveness of mSMV for artifact removal was evaluated by comparing existing QSM algorithms in numerical brain simulation as well as using in vivo human data acquired from 11 healthy volunteers and 93 patients. RESULTS Numerical simulation showed that mSMV reduces shadow artifacts and improves QSM accuracy. Better shadow reduction, as demonstrated by lower QSM variation in the gray matter and higher QSM image quality score, was also observed in healthy subjects and in patients with hemorrhages, stroke, and multiple sclerosis. CONCLUSION The mSMV algorithm allows QSM maps that are substantially equivalent to those obtained using SMV-filtered dipole inversion without eroding the volume of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra G Roberts
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dominick J Romano
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Mert Şişman
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexey V Dimov
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thanh D Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ilhami Kovanlikaya
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Susan A Gauthier
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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Bittencourt AML, da Silveira BLB, Tondo LP, Rothmann LM, Franco AR, Ferreira PEMS, Viola TW, Grassi-Oliveira R. Cingulate cortical thickness in cocaine use disorder: mediation effect between early life stress and cocaine consumption. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2024; 36:78-86. [PMID: 36416534 PMCID: PMC10203054 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2022.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The cingulate gyrus is implicated in the neurobiology of addiction, such as chronic cocaine consumption. Early life stress (ELS) is an important moderator of cocaine use disorder (CUD). Therefore, we investigated the effect of CUD on cingulate cortical thickness and tested whether a history of ELS could influence the effects of CUD. METHODS Participants aged 18-50 years (78 with CUD due to crack cocaine consumption and 53 healthy controls) underwent magnetic resonance imaging and the cingulate thickness (rostral anterior, caudal anterior, posterior, and isthmus regions) was analysed. The clinical assessment comprised the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Addiction Severity Index. Group comparisons adjusting by sex, age, and education were performed. Mediation models were generated where lifetime cocaine use, CTQ score, and cortical thickness corresponded to the independent variable, intermediary variable, and outcome, respectively. RESULTS Group comparisons revealed significant differences in six out of eight cingulate cortices, showing lower thickness in the CUD group. Furthermore, years of regular cocaine use was the variable most associated with cingulate thickness. Negative correlations were found between CTQ scores and the isthmus cingulate (right hemisphere), as well as with the rostral anterior cingulate (left hemisphere). In the mediation analysis, we observed a significant negative direct effect of lifetime cocaine use on the isthmus cingulate and an indirect effect of cocaine use mediated by CTQ score. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that a history of ELS could aggravate the negative effects of chronic cocaine use on the cingulate gyrus, particularly in the right isthmus cingulate cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Martins Lucas Bittencourt
- Brain Institute (InsCer/BraIns), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), 90619900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel), 96015560, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - Lucca Pizzato Tondo
- Brain Institute (InsCer/BraIns), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), 90619900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Melo Rothmann
- Brain Institute (InsCer/BraIns), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), 90619900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Rosa Franco
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | | | - Thiago Wendt Viola
- Brain Institute (InsCer/BraIns), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), 90619900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Brain Institute (InsCer/BraIns), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), 90619900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Medicine – Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
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Uban KA, Jonker D, Donald KA, Bodison SC, Brooks SJ, Kan E, Steigelmann B, Roos A, Marshall A, Adise S, Butler-Kruger L, Melly B, Narr KL, Joshi SH, Odendaal HJ, Sowell ER, Stein DJ. Associations between community-level patterns of prenatal alcohol and tobacco exposure on brain structure in a non-clinical sample of 6-year-old children: a South African pilot study. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2024; 36:87-96. [PMID: 36700449 PMCID: PMC10368794 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2022.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The current small study utilised prospective data collection of patterns of prenatal alcohol and tobacco exposure (PAE and PTE) to examine associations with structural brain outcomes in 6-year-olds and served as a pilot to determine the value of prospective data describing community-level patterns of PAE and PTE in a non-clinical sample of children. Participants from the Safe Passage Study in pregnancy were approached when their child was ∼6 years old and completed structural brain magnetic resonance imaging to examine with archived PAE and PTE data (n = 51 children-mother dyads). Linear regression was used to conduct whole-brain structural analyses, with false-discovery rate (FDR) correction, to examine: (a) main effects of PAE, PTE and their interaction; and (b) predictive potential of data that reflect patterns of PAE and PTE (e.g. quantity, frequency and timing (QFT)). Associations between PAE, PTE and their interaction with brain structural measures demonstrated unique profiles of cortical and subcortical alterations that were distinct between PAE only, PTE only and their interactive effects. Analyses examining associations between patterns of PAE and PTE (e.g. QFT) were able to significantly detect brain alterations (that survived FDR correction) in this small non-clinical sample of children. These findings support the hypothesis that considering QFT and co-exposures is important for identifying brain alterations following PAE and/or PTE in a small group of young children. Current results demonstrate that teratogenic outcomes on brain structure differ as a function PAE, PTE or their co-exposures, as well as the pattern (QFT) or exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina A Uban
- Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Neurobiology of Learning and Memory
| | - Deborah Jonker
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kirsten A Donald
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stefanie C Bodison
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Eric Kan
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Annerine Roos
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andrew Marshall
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shana Adise
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Letitia Butler-Kruger
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Brigitte Melly
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Katherine L Narr
- Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, Department of Neurology, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shantanu H Joshi
- Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, Department of Neurology, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hein J Odendaal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth R Sowell
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dan J Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Cape Town, South Africa
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Trišins M, Zdanovskis N, Platkājis A, Šneidere K, Kostiks A, Karelis G, Stepens A. Brodmann Areas, V1 Atlas and Cognitive Impairment: Assessing Cortical Thickness for Cognitive Impairment Diagnostics. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:587. [PMID: 38674233 PMCID: PMC11052167 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Magnetic resonance imaging is vital for diagnosing cognitive decline. Brodmann areas (BA), distinct regions of the cerebral cortex categorized by cytoarchitectural variances, provide insights into cognitive function. This study aims to compare cortical thickness measurements across brain areas identified by BA mapping. We assessed these measurements among patients with and without cognitive impairment, and across groups categorized by cognitive performance levels using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included 64 patients who were divided in two ways: in two groups with (CI) or without (NCI) impaired cognitive function and in three groups with normal (NC), moderate (MPG) and low (LPG) cognitive performance according to MoCA scores. Scans with a 3T MRI scanner were carried out, and cortical thickness data was acquired using Freesurfer 7.2.0 software. Results: By analyzing differences between the NCI and CI groups cortical thickness of BA3a in left hemisphere (U = 241.000, p = 0.016), BA4a in right hemisphere (U = 269.000, p = 0.048) and BA28 in left hemisphere (U = 584.000, p = 0.005) showed significant differences. In the LPG, MPG and NC cortical thickness in BA3a in left hemisphere (H (2) = 6.268, p = 0.044), in V2 in right hemisphere (H (2) = 6.339, p = 0.042), in BA28 in left hemisphere (H (2) = 23.195, p < 0.001) and in BA28 in right hemisphere (H (2) = 10.015, p = 0.007) showed significant differences. Conclusions: Our study found that cortical thickness in specific Brodmann Areas-BA3a and BA28 in the left hemisphere, and BA4a in the right-differ significantly between NCI and CI groups. Significant differences were also observed in BA3a (left), V2 (right), and BA28 (both hemispheres) across LPG, MPG, NC groups. Despite a small sample size, these findings suggest cortical thickness measurements can serve as effective biomarkers for cognitive impairment diagnosis, warranting further validation with a larger cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksims Trišins
- Department of Radiology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (M.T.)
| | - Nauris Zdanovskis
- Department of Radiology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (M.T.)
- Department of Radiology, Riga East University Hospital, LV-1038 Riga, Latvia
- Military Medicine Research and Study Centre, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Ardis Platkājis
- Department of Radiology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (M.T.)
- Department of Radiology, Riga East University Hospital, LV-1038 Riga, Latvia
| | - Kristīne Šneidere
- Military Medicine Research and Study Centre, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
- Department of Health Psychology and Pedagogy, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Andrejs Kostiks
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Riga East University Hospital, LV-1038 Riga, Latvia (G.K.)
| | - Guntis Karelis
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Riga East University Hospital, LV-1038 Riga, Latvia (G.K.)
- Department of Infectology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Ainārs Stepens
- Military Medicine Research and Study Centre, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
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Barber N, Valoumas I, Leger KR, Chang YL, Huang CM, Goh JOS, Gutchess A. Culture, prefrontal volume, and memory. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298235. [PMID: 38551909 PMCID: PMC10980194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Prior cross-cultural studies have demonstrated differences among Eastern and Western cultures in memory and cognition along with variation in neuroanatomy and functional engagement. We further probed cultural neuroanatomical variability in terms of its relationship with memory performance. Specifically, we investigated how memory performance related to gray matter volume in several prefrontal lobe structures, including across cultures. For 58 American and 57 Taiwanese young adults, memory performance was measured with the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) using performance on learning trial 1, on which Americans had higher scores than the Taiwanese, and the long delayed free recall task, on which groups performed similarly. MRI data were reconstructed using FreeSurfer. Across both cultures, we observed that larger volumes of the bilateral rostral anterior cingulate were associated with lower scores on both CVLT tasks. In terms of effects of culture, the relationship between learning trial 1 scores and gray matter volumes in the right superior frontal gyrus had a trend for a positive relationship in Taiwanese but not in Americans. In addition to the a priori analysis of select frontal volumes, an exploratory whole-brain analysis compared volumes-without considering CVLT performance-across the two cultural groups in order to assess convergence with prior research. Several cultural differences were found, such that Americans had larger volumes in the bilateral superior frontal and lateral occipital cortex, whereas Taiwanese had larger volumes in the bilateral rostral middle frontal and inferior temporal cortex, and the right precuneus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolette Barber
- Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States of America
| | - Ioannis Valoumas
- Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States of America
| | - Krystal R. Leger
- Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States of America
| | - Yu-Ling Chang
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Robotics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Volen National Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States of America
| | - Chih-Mao Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Joshua Oon Soo Goh
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Robotics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Angela Gutchess
- Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States of America
- Volen National Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States of America
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Yoo S, Jang Y, Hong SJ, Park H, Valk SL, Bernhardt BC, Park BY. Whole-brain structural connectome asymmetry in autism. Neuroimage 2024; 288:120534. [PMID: 38340881 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder is a common neurodevelopmental condition that manifests as a disruption in sensory and social skills. Although it has been shown that the brain morphology of individuals with autism is asymmetric, how this differentially affects the structural connectome organization of each hemisphere remains under-investigated. We studied whole-brain structural connectivity-based brain asymmetry in individuals with autism using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging obtained from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange initiative. By leveraging dimensionality reduction techniques, we constructed low-dimensional representations of structural connectivity and calculated their asymmetry index. Comparing the asymmetry index between individuals with autism and neurotypical controls, we found atypical structural connectome asymmetry in the sensory and default-mode regions, particularly showing weaker asymmetry towards the right hemisphere in autism. Network communication provided topological underpinnings by demonstrating that the inferior temporal cortex and limbic and frontoparietal regions showed reduced global network communication efficiency and decreased send-receive network navigation in the inferior temporal and lateral visual cortices in individuals with autism. Finally, supervised machine learning revealed that structural connectome asymmetry could be used as a measure for predicting communication-related autistic symptoms and nonverbal intelligence. Our findings provide insights into macroscale structural connectome alterations in autism and their topological underpinnings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulki Yoo
- Convergence Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yurim Jang
- Artificial Intelligence Convergence Research Center, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Jun Hong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjin Park
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, Republic of Korea; School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sofie L Valk
- Forschungszentrum Julich, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Systems Neuroscience, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Boris C Bernhardt
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bo-Yong Park
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Department of Data Science, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Department of Statistics and Data Science, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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Kang Y, Shin D, Kim A, You SH, Kim B, Han KM, Ham BJ. The effect of inflammation markers on cortical thinning in major depressive disorder: A possible mediator of depression and cortical changes. J Affect Disord 2024; 348:229-237. [PMID: 38160887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mental health condition with significant societal impact. Owing to the intricate biological diversity of MDD, treatment efficacy remains limited. Immune biomarkers have emerged as potential predictors of treatment response, underscoring the interaction between the immune system and the brain. This study investigated the relationship between cytokine levels and cortical thickness in patients with MDD, focusing on the corticolimbic circuit, to elucidate the influence of neuroinflammation on structural brain changes and contribute to a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of MDD. METHOD A total of 114 patients with MDD and 101 healthy controls (HC) matched for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) were recruited. All participants were assessed for depression severity using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and 3.0 T T1 weighted brain MRI data were acquired. Additionally, cytokine levels were measured using a highly sensitive bead-based multiplex immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Patients diagnosed with MDD exhibited notably elevated levels of interleukin-6 (p = 0.005) and interleukin-8 (p = 0.005), alongside significant cortical thinning in the left anterior cingulate gyrus and left superior frontal gyrus, with these findings maintaining significance even after applying Bonferroni correction. Furthermore, increased interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 levels in patients with MDD are associated with alterations in the left frontomarginal gyrus and right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). CONCLUSIONS This suggests a potential influence of neuroinflammation on right ACC function in MDD patients, warranting longitudinal research to explore interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 mediated neurotoxicity in MDD vulnerability and brain morphology changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youbin Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Daun Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hye You
- Department of Radiology, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungjun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Man Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Ham
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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35
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Kumar M, Goyal P, Sagar R, Kumaran SS. Gray matter biomarkers for major depressive disorder and manic disorder using logistic regression. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 171:177-184. [PMID: 38295451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The study investigates morphometric changes using surface-based measures and logistic regression in Major depressive-disorder (MDD) and Manic-disorder patients as compared to controls. MDD (n = 21) and manic (n = 20) subjects were recruited from psychiatric clinics, along with 19 healthy-controls from local population, after structured and semi-structured clinical interview (DSM-IV, brief Psychotic-Rating Scale (BPRS), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS), cognitive function by postgraduate Institute Battery of Brain Dysfunction (PGIBBD)). Using 3D T1-weighted images, gray matter (GM) cortical thickness and GM-based morphometric signatures (using logistic regression) were compared among MDD, manic disorder and controls using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). No significant difference was found between the MDD and manic disorder patients. When compared to controls, cortical thinning was observed in bilateral rostral middle frontal gyrus and parsopercularis, right lateral occipital cortex, right lingual gyrus in MDD; and bilateral rostral middle frontal and superior frontal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, left supramarginal and left precentral gyrus in Manic disorders. Logistic regression analysis exhibited GM cortical thinning in the bilateral parsopercularis, right lateral occipital cortex and lingual gyrus in MDD; and bilateral rostral middle, superior frontal gyri, right middle temporal gyrus in Manic with a sensitivity and specificity of 85.7 % and 94.7 % and 90.0 % and 94.7 %, respectively in comparison with controls. Both groups exhibited GM loss in bilateral rostral middle frontal gyrus brain regions compared to controls. Multivariate analysis revealed common changes in GM in MDD and manic disorders associated with mood temperament, but differences when compared to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar
- Department of NMR, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Prashant Goyal
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Rajesh Sagar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - S Senthil Kumaran
- Department of NMR, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Lock C, Tan NSM, Long IJ, Keong NC. Neuroimaging data repositories and AI-driven healthcare-Global aspirations vs. ethical considerations in machine learning models of neurological disease. Front Artif Intell 2024; 6:1286266. [PMID: 38440234 PMCID: PMC10910099 DOI: 10.3389/frai.2023.1286266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging data repositories are data-rich resources comprising brain imaging with clinical and biomarker data. The potential for such repositories to transform healthcare is tremendous, especially in their capacity to support machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) tools. Current discussions about the generalizability of such tools in healthcare provoke concerns of risk of bias-ML models underperform in women and ethnic and racial minorities. The use of ML may exacerbate existing healthcare disparities or cause post-deployment harms. Do neuroimaging data repositories and their capacity to support ML/AI-driven clinical discoveries, have both the potential to accelerate innovative medicine and harden the gaps of social inequities in neuroscience-related healthcare? In this paper, we examined the ethical concerns of ML-driven modeling of global community neuroscience needs arising from the use of data amassed within neuroimaging data repositories. We explored this in two parts; firstly, in a theoretical experiment, we argued for a South East Asian-based repository to redress global imbalances. Within this context, we then considered the ethical framework toward the inclusion vs. exclusion of the migrant worker population, a group subject to healthcare inequities. Secondly, we created a model simulating the impact of global variations in the presentation of anosmia risks in COVID-19 toward altering brain structural findings; we then performed a mini AI ethics experiment. In this experiment, we interrogated an actual pilot dataset (n = 17; 8 non-anosmic (47%) vs. 9 anosmic (53%) using an ML clustering model. To create the COVID-19 simulation model, we bootstrapped to resample and amplify the dataset. This resulted in three hypothetical datasets: (i) matched (n = 68; 47% anosmic), (ii) predominant non-anosmic (n = 66; 73% disproportionate), and (iii) predominant anosmic (n = 66; 76% disproportionate). We found that the differing proportions of the same cohorts represented in each hypothetical dataset altered not only the relative importance of key features distinguishing between them but even the presence or absence of such features. The main objective of our mini experiment was to understand if ML/AI methodologies could be utilized toward modelling disproportionate datasets, in a manner we term "AI ethics." Further work is required to expand the approach proposed here into a reproducible strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Lock
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicole Si Min Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ian James Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicole C. Keong
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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Hostetler N, Tavares TP, Ritchie MB, Oliver LD, Chen VV, Greening S, Finger EC, Mitchell DGV. Prefrontal cortex structural and developmental associations with callous-unemotional traits and aggression. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4087. [PMID: 38374428 PMCID: PMC10876571 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Youths with high levels of callous-unemotional (CU) traits and aggression are at an increased risk for developing antisocial behaviours into adulthood. In this population, neurostructural grey matter abnormalities have been observed in the prefrontal cortex. However, the directionality of these associations is inconsistent, prompting some to suggest they may vary across development. Although similar neurodevelopmental patterns have been observed for other disorders featuring emotional and behavioural dysregulation, few studies have tested this hypothesis for CU traits, and particularly not for aggression subtypes. The current study sought to examine grey matter correlates of CU traits and aggression (including its subtypes), and then determine whether these associations varied by age. Fifty-four youths (10-19 years old) who were characterized for CU traits and aggression underwent MRI. Grey matter volume and surface area within the anterior cingulate cortex was positively associated with CU traits. The correlation between CU traits and medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) volume varied significantly as a function of age, as did the correlation between reactive aggression and mOFC surface area. These associations became more positive with age. There were no significant findings for proactive/total aggression. Results are interpreted considering the potential for delayed cortical maturation in youths with high CU traits/aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Hostetler
- Brain and Mind Institute, Western Interdisciplinary Research Building, Room 3190, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Tamara P Tavares
- Brain and Mind Institute, Western Interdisciplinary Research Building, Room 3190, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mary B Ritchie
- Brain and Mind Institute, Western Interdisciplinary Research Building, Room 3190, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Lindsay D Oliver
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vanessa V Chen
- Brain and Mind Institute, Western Interdisciplinary Research Building, Room 3190, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Steven Greening
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Elizabeth C Finger
- Robarts Institute, Western University, 100 Perth Drive, London, ON, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, ON, Canada
- Parkwood Institute, St. Josephs Health Care, London, ON, Canada
| | - Derek G V Mitchell
- Brain and Mind Institute, Western Interdisciplinary Research Building, Room 3190, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada.
- Department of Psychology, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
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Dönmezler S, Sönmez D, Yılbaş B, Öztürk Hİ, İskender G, Kurt İ. Thalamic nuclei volume differences in schizophrenia patients and healthy controls using probabilistic mapping: A comparative analysis. Schizophr Res 2024; 264:266-271. [PMID: 38198878 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to investigate potential discrepancies in the volume of thalamic nuclei between individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls. METHODS The imaging data for this study were obtained from the MCICShare data repository within SchizConnect. We employed probabilistic mapping technique developed by Iglesias et al. (2018). The analytical component entailed volumetric segmentation of the thalamus using the FreeSurfer image analysis suite. Our analysis focused on evaluating the differences in the volumes of various thalamic nuclei groups within the thalami, specifically the anterior, intralaminar, medial, posterior, lateral, and ventral groups in both the right and left thalami, between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. We employed MANCOVA to analyse these dependent variables (volumes of 12 distinct thalamic nuclei groups), with diagnosis (SCZ vs. HCs) as the main explanatory variable, while controlling for covariates such as eTIV and age. RESULTS The assumptions of MANCOVA, including the homogeneity of covariance matrices, were met. Specific univariate tests for the right thalamus revealed significant differences in the medial (F[1, 200] = 26.360, p < 0.001), and the ventral groups (F[1, 200] = 4.793, p = 0.030). For the left thalamus, the medial (F[1, 200] = 22.527, p < 0.001); posterior (F[1, 200] = 8.227, p = 0.005), lateral (F[1, 200] = 7.004, p = 0.009), and ventral groups (F[1, 200] = 9.309, p = 0.003) showed significant differences. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that particular thalamic nuclei groups in both the right and left thalami may be most affected in schizophrenia, with more pronounced differences observed in the left thalamic nuclei. FUNDINGS The authors received no financial support for the research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Süleyman Dönmezler
- Sanko University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Gaziantep, Turkey.
| | - Doğuş Sönmez
- Bakirkoy Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Barış Yılbaş
- Sanko University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Halil İbrahim Öztürk
- Sanko University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Gizem İskender
- Istanbul Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İmren Kurt
- Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey
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Slušná D, Kohli JS, Hau J, Álvarez-Linera Prado J, Linke AC, Hinzen W. Functional dysregulation of the auditory cortex in bilateral perisylvian polymicrogyria: Multiparametric case analysis of the absent speech phenotype. Cortex 2024; 171:423-434. [PMID: 38109835 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
The absence of speech is a clinical phenotype seen across neurodevelopmental syndromes, offering insights for neural language models. We present a case of bilateral perisylvian polymicrogyria (BPP) and complete absence of speech with considerable language comprehension and production difficulties. We extensively characterized the auditory speech perception and production circuitry by employing a multimodal neuroimaging approach. Results showed extensive cortical thickening in motor and auditory-language regions. The auditory cortex lacked sensitivity to speech stimuli despite relatively preserved thalamic projections yet had no intrinsic functional organization. Subcortical structures implicated in early stages of processing exhibited heightened sensitivity to speech. The arcuate fasciculus, a suggested marker of language in BPP, showed similar volume and integrity to a healthy control. The frontal aslant tract, linked to oromotor function, was partially reconstructed. These findings highlight the importance of assessing the auditory cortex beyond speech production structures to understand absent speech in BPP. Despite profound cortical alterations, the intrinsic motor network and motor-speech pathways remained largely intact. This case underscores the need for comprehensive phenotyping using multiple MRI modalities to uncover causes of severe disruption in language development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Slušná
- Department of Translation and Language Sciences, Campus Poblenou, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jiwandeep S Kohli
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Janice Hau
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Annika C Linke
- Brain Development Imaging Laboratories, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Wolfram Hinzen
- Department of Translation and Language Sciences, Campus Poblenou, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avancats, ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
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Rundfeldt HC, Lee CM, Lee H, Jung KH, Chang H, Kim HJ. Cerebral perfusion simulation using realistically generated synthetic trees for healthy and stroke patients. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 244:107956. [PMID: 38061114 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cerebral vascular diseases are among the most burdensome diseases faced by society. However, investigating the pathophysiology of diseases as well as developing future treatments still relies heavily on expensive in-vivo and in-vitro studies. The generation of realistic, patient-specific models of the cerebrovascular system capable of simulating hemodynamics and perfusion promises the ability to simulate diseased states, therefore accelerating development cycles using in silico studies and opening opportunities for the individual assessment of diseased states, treatment planning, and the prediction of outcomes. By providing a patient-specific, anatomically detailed and validated model of the human cerebral vascular system, we aim to provide the basis for future in silico investigations of the cerebral physiology and pathology. METHODS In this retrospective study, a processing pipeline for patient-specific quantification of cerebral perfusion was developed and applied to healthy individuals and a stroke patient. Major arteries are segmented from 3T MR angiography data. A synthetic tree generation algorithm titled tissue-growth based optimization (GBO)1 is used to extend vascular trees beyond the imaging resolution. To investigate the anatomical accuracy of the generated trees, morphological parameters are compared against those of 7 T MRI, 9.4 T MRI, and dissection data. Using the generated vessel model, hemodynamics and perfusion are simulated by solving one-dimensional blood flow equations combined with Darcy flow equations. RESULTS Morphological data of three healthy individuals (mean age 47 years ± 15.9 [SD], 2 female) was analyzed. Bifurcation and physiological characteristics of the synthetically generated vessels are comparable to those of dissection data. The inability of MRI based segmentation to resolve small branches and the small volume investigated cause a mismatch in the comparison to MRI data. Cerebral perfusion was estimated for healthy individuals and a stroke patient. The simulated perfusion is compared against Arterial-Spin-Labeling MRI perfusion data. Good qualitative agreement is found between simulated and measured cerebral blood flow (CBF)2. Ischemic regions are predicted well, however ischemia severity is overestimated. CONCLUSIONS GBO successfully generates detailed cerebral vascular models with realistic morphological parameters. Simulations based on the resulting networks predict perfusion territories and ischemic regions successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Christian Rundfeldt
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Republic of Korea; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Germany
| | - Chang Min Lee
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanyoung Lee
- Chung-ang University, College of Pharmacy, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Hwa Jung
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyeon Chang
- Konyang University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Republic of Korea.
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Bravi B, Melloni EMT, Paolini M, Palladini M, Calesella F, Servidio L, Agnoletto E, Poletti S, Lorenzi C, Colombo C, Benedetti F. Choroid plexus volume is increased in mood disorders and associates with circulating inflammatory cytokines. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 116:52-61. [PMID: 38030049 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Depressed patients exhibit altered levels of immune-inflammatory markers both in the peripheral blood and in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and inflammatory processes have been widely implicated in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. The Choroid Plexus (ChP), located at the base of each of the four brain ventricles, regulates the exchange of substances between the blood and CSF and several evidence supported a key role for ChP as a neuro-immunological interface between the brain and circulating immune cells. Given the role of ChP as a regulatory gate between periphery, CSF spaces and the brain, we compared ChP volumes in patients with bipolar disorder (BP) or major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls, exploring their association with history of illness and levels of circulating cytokines. Plasma levels of inflammatory markers and MRI scans were acquired for 73 MDD, 79 BD and 72 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). Patients with either BD or MDD had higher ChP volumes than HC. With increasing age, the bilateral ChP volume was larger in patients, an effect driven by the duration of illness; while only minor effects were observed in HC. Right ChP volumes were proportional to higher levels of circulating cytokines in the clinical groups, including IFN-γ, IL-13 and IL-17. Specific effects in the two diagnostic groups were observed when considering the left ChP, with positive association with IL-1ra, IL-13, IL-17, and CCL3 in BD, and negative associations with IL-2, IL-4, IL-1ra, and IFN-γ in MDD. These results suggest that ChP could represent a reliable and easy-to-assess biomarker to evaluate the brain effects of inflammatory status in mood disorders, contributing to personalized diagnosis and tailored treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Bravi
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy; PhD Program in Cognitive Neuroscience, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| | - Elisa Maria Teresa Melloni
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Paolini
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy; PhD Program in Molecular Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Palladini
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy; PhD Program in Cognitive Neuroscience, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Calesella
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy; PhD Program in Cognitive Neuroscience, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Servidio
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Agnoletto
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Poletti
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Lorenzi
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Colombo
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Mood Disorders Unit, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Wang HH, Moon SY, Kim H, Kim G, Ahn WY, Joo YY, Cha J. Early life stress modulates the genetic influence on brain structure and cognitive function in children. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23345. [PMID: 38187352 PMCID: PMC10770463 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The enduring influence of early life stress (ELS) on brain and cognitive development has been widely acknowledged, yet the precise mechanisms underlying this association remain elusive. We hypothesize that ELS might disrupt the genome-wide influence on brain morphology and connectivity development, consequently exerting a detrimental impact on children's cognitive ability. We analyzed the multimodal data of DNA genotypes, brain imaging (structural and diffusion MRI), and neurocognitive battery (NIH Toolbox) of 4276 children (ages 9-10 years, European ancestry) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The genome-wide influence on cognitive function was estimated using the polygenic score (GPS). By using brain morphometry and tractography, we identified the brain correlates of the cognition GPSs. Statistical analyses revealed relationships for the gene-brain-cognition pathway. The brain structural variance significantly mediated the genetic influence on cognition (indirect effect = 0.016, PFDR < 0.001). Of note, this gene-brain relationship was significantly modulated by abuse, resulting in diminished cognitive capacity (Index of Moderated Mediation = -0.007; 95 % CI = -0.012 ∼ -0.002). Our results support a novel gene-brain-cognition model likely elucidating the long-lasting negative impact of ELS on children's cognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Hwan Wang
- Department of Brain Cognitive and Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08825, South Korea
| | - Seo-Yoon Moon
- College of Liberal Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08825, South Korea
| | - Hyeonjin Kim
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08825, South Korea
| | - Gakyung Kim
- Department of Brain Cognitive and Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08825, South Korea
| | - Woo-Young Ahn
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08825, South Korea
| | - Yoonjung Yoonie Joo
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08825, South Korea
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06355, South Korea
- Research Center for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06335, South Korea
| | - Jiook Cha
- Department of Brain Cognitive and Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08825, South Korea
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08825, South Korea
- AI Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08825, South Korea
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Nichols ES, Grace M, Correa S, de Vrijer B, Eagleson R, McKenzie CA, de Ribaupierre S, Duerden EG. Sex- and age-based differences in fetal and early childhood hippocampus maturation: a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad421. [PMID: 37950876 PMCID: PMC10793584 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus, essential for cognitive and affective processes, develops exponentially with differential trajectories seen in girls and boys, yet less is known about its development during early fetal life until early childhood. In a cross-sectional and longitudinal study, we examined the sex-, age-, and laterality-related developmental trajectories of hippocampal volumes in fetuses, infants, and toddlers associated with age. Third trimester fetuses (27-38 weeks' gestational age), newborns (0-4 weeks' postnatal age), infants (5-50 weeks' postnatal age), and toddlers (2-3 years postnatal age) were scanned with magnetic resonance imaging. A total of 133 datasets (62 female, postmenstrual age [weeks] M = 69.38, SD = 51.39, range = 27.6-195.3) were processed using semiautomatic segmentation methods. Hippocampal volumes increased exponentially during the third trimester and the first year of life, beginning to slow at approximately 2 years. Overall, boys had larger hippocampal volumes than girls. Lateralization differences were evident, with left hippocampal growth beginning to plateau sooner than the right. This period of rapid growth from the third trimester, continuing through the first year of life, may support the development of cognitive and affective function during this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Nichols
- Department of Applied Psychology, Faculty of Education, Western University, 1137 Western Road, London, Ontario, Canada
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Michael Grace
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Susana Correa
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Barbra de Vrijer
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London Health Sciences Centre-Victoria Hospital, B2-401, London, Ontario N6H 5W9, Canada
- Division of Maternal, Fetal and Newborn Health, Children's Health Research Institute, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, Ontario N6C 2V5, Canada
| | - Roy Eagleson
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Western University, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Charles A McKenzie
- Division of Maternal, Fetal and Newborn Health, Children's Health Research Institute, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, Ontario N6C 2V5, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, Canada
| | - Sandrine de Ribaupierre
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
- Division of Maternal, Fetal and Newborn Health, Children's Health Research Institute, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, Ontario N6C 2V5, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Western University, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, Canada
| | - Emma G Duerden
- Department of Applied Psychology, Faculty of Education, Western University, 1137 Western Road, London, Ontario, Canada
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
- Division of Maternal, Fetal and Newborn Health, Children's Health Research Institute, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, Ontario N6C 2V5, Canada
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Karayiannis CC, Srikanth V, Beare R, Mehta H, Gillies M, Phan TG, Xu ZY, Chen C, Moran C. Type 2 Diabetes and Biomarkers of Brain Structure, Perfusion, Metabolism, and Function in Late Mid-Life: A Multimodal Discordant Twin Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:1223-1233. [PMID: 38217597 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of dementia and early features may become evident even in mid-life. Characterizing these early features comprehensively requires multiple measurement modalities and careful selection of participants with and without T2D. OBJECTIVE We conducted a cross-sectional multimodal imaging study of T2D-discordant twins in late mid-life to provide insights into underlying mechanisms. METHODS Measurements included computerized cognitive battery, brain MRI (including arterial spin labelling, diffusion tensor, resting state functional), fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET, and retinal optical coherence tomography. RESULTS There were 23 pairs, mean age 63.7 (±6.1) years. In global analyses, T2D was associated with poorer attention (β= -0.45, p <0.001) and with reduced FDG uptake (β= -5.04, p = 0.02), but not with cortical thickness (p = 0.71), total brain volume (p = 0.51), fractional anisotropy (p = 0.15), mean diffusivity (p = 0.34), or resting state activity (p = 0.4). Higher FDG uptake was associated with better attention (β= 3.19, p = 0.01) but not with other cognitive domains. In regional analyses, T2D was associated with lower accumbens volume (β= -44, p = 0.0004) which was in turn associated with poorer attention. CONCLUSION T2D-related brain dysfunction in mid-life manifests as attentional loss accompanied by evidence of subtle neurodegeneration and global reduction in cerebral metabolism, in the absence of overt cerebrovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C Karayiannis
- Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Peninsula Clinical School, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Velandai Srikanth
- Peninsula Clinical School, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- National Centre for Healthy Ageing, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Peninsula Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard Beare
- Peninsula Clinical School, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- National Centre for Healthy Ageing, Melbourne, Australia
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hemal Mehta
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Macular Research Group, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mark Gillies
- Macular Research Group, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Thanh G Phan
- Stroke and Ageing Research Centre, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Zheng Yang Xu
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- UCL Medical School, London, UK
| | - Christine Chen
- Ophthalmology Department, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Chris Moran
- Peninsula Clinical School, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- National Centre for Healthy Ageing, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Peninsula Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Aged Care, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Park BY, Benkarim O, Weber CF, Kebets V, Fett S, Yoo S, Martino AD, Milham MP, Misic B, Valk SL, Hong SJ, Bernhardt BC. Connectome-wide structure-function coupling models implicate polysynaptic alterations in autism. Neuroimage 2024; 285:120481. [PMID: 38043839 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental diagnoses. Although incompletely understood, structural and functional network alterations are increasingly recognized to be at the core of the condition. We utilized multimodal imaging and connectivity modeling to study structure-function coupling in ASD and probed mono- and polysynaptic mechanisms on structurally-governed network function. We examined multimodal magnetic resonance imaging data in 80 ASD and 61 neurotypical controls from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) II initiative. We predicted intrinsic functional connectivity from structural connectivity data in each participant using a Riemannian optimization procedure that varies the times that simulated signals can unfold along tractography-derived personalized connectomes. In both ASD and neurotypical controls, we observed improved structure-function prediction at longer diffusion time scales, indicating better modeling of brain function when polysynaptic mechanisms are accounted for. Prediction accuracy differences (∆prediction accuracy) were marked in transmodal association systems, such as the default mode network, in both neurotypical controls and ASD. Differences were, however, lower in ASD in a polysynaptic regime at higher simulated diffusion times. We compared regional differences in ∆prediction accuracy between both groups to assess the impact of polysynaptic communication on structure-function coupling. This analysis revealed that between-group differences in ∆prediction accuracy followed a sensory-to-transmodal cortical hierarchy, with an increased gap between controls and ASD in transmodal compared to sensory/motor systems. Multivariate associative techniques revealed that structure-function differences reflected inter-individual differences in autistic symptoms and verbal as well as non-verbal intelligence. Our network modeling approach sheds light on atypical structure-function coupling in autism, and suggests that polysynaptic network mechanisms are implicated in the condition and that these can help explain its wide range of associated symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yong Park
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Data Science, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Department of Statistics and Data Science, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, South Korea.
| | - Oualid Benkarim
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Clara F Weber
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Valeria Kebets
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Serena Fett
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Seulki Yoo
- Convergence Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Adriana Di Martino
- Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, United States
| | - Michael P Milham
- Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, United States
| | - Bratislav Misic
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sofie L Valk
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Seok-Jun Hong
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, South Korea; Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Boris C Bernhardt
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Choi YY, Lee JJ, Te Nijenhuis J, Choi KY, Park J, Ok J, Choo IH, Kim H, Song MK, Choi SM, Cho SH, Choe Y, Kim BC, Lee KH. Multi-Ethnic Norms for Volumes of Subcortical and Lobar Brain Structures Measured by Neuro I: Ethnicity May Improve the Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease1. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:223-240. [PMID: 38640153 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Background We previously demonstrated the validity of a regression model that included ethnicity as a novel predictor for predicting normative brain volumes in old age. The model was optimized using brain volumes measured with a standard tool FreeSurfer. Objective Here we further verified the prediction model using newly estimated brain volumes from Neuro I, a quantitative brain analysis system developed for Korean populations. Methods Lobar and subcortical volumes were estimated from MRI images of 1,629 normal Korean and 786 Caucasian subjects (age range 59-89) and were predicted in linear regression from ethnicity, age, sex, intracranial volume, magnetic field strength, and scanner manufacturers. Results In the regression model predicting the new volumes, ethnicity was again a substantial predictor in most regions. Additionally, the model-based z-scores of regions were calculated for 428 AD patients and the matched controls, and then employed for diagnostic classification. When the AD classifier adopted the z-scores adjusted for ethnicity, the diagnostic accuracy has noticeably improved (AUC = 0.85, ΔAUC = + 0.04, D = 4.10, p < 0.001). Conclusions Our results suggest that the prediction model remains robust across different measurement tool, and ethnicity significantly contributes to the establishment of norms for brain volumes and the development of a diagnostic system for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yong Choi
- Gwangju Alzheimer's & Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Jae Lee
- Gwangju Alzheimer's & Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jan Te Nijenhuis
- Gwangju Alzheimer's & Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Yeong Choi
- Gwangju Alzheimer's & Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Il Han Choo
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Chosun University School of Medicine and Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoowon Kim
- Gwangju Alzheimer's & Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Chosun University School of Medicine and Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Song
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Min Choi
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngshik Choe
- Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong C Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun Ho Lee
- Gwangju Alzheimer's & Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Neurozen Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Shao S, Zou Y, Kennedy KG, Dimick MK, MacIntosh BJ, Goldstein BI. Higher Levels of C-reactive Protein Are Associated With Higher Cortical Surface Area and Lower Cortical Thickness in Youth With Bipolar Disorder. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 26:867-878. [PMID: 37947206 PMCID: PMC10726415 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyad063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is implicated in the neuropathology of bipolar disorder (BD). The association of C-reactive protein (CRP) with brain structure has been examined in relation to BD among adults but not youth. METHODS Participants included 101 youth (BD, n = 55; control group [CG], n = 46; aged 13-20 years). Blood samples were assayed for levels of CRP. T1-weighted brain images were acquired to obtain cortical surface area (SA), volume, and thickness for 3 regions of interest (ROI; whole-brain cortical gray matter, prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex [OFC]) and for vertex-wise analyses. Analyses included CRP main effects and interaction effects controlling for age, sex, and intracranial volume. RESULTS In ROI analyses, higher CRP was associated with higher whole-brain SA (β = 0.16; P = .03) and lower whole-brain (β = -0.31; P = .03) and OFC cortical thickness (β = -0.29; P = .04) within the BD group and was associated with higher OFC SA (β = 0.17; P = .03) within the CG. In vertex-wise analyses, higher CRP was associated with higher SA and lower cortical thickness in frontal and parietal regions within BD. A significant CRP-by-diagnosis interaction was found in frontal and temporal regions, whereby higher CRP was associated with lower neurostructural metrics in the BD group but higher neurostructural metrics in CG. CONCLUSIONS This study found that higher CRP among youth with BD is associated with higher SA but lower cortical thickness in ROI and vertex-wise analyses. The study identified 2 regions in which the association of CRP with brain structure differs between youth with BD and the CG. Future longitudinal, repeated-measures studies incorporating additional inflammatory markers are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyi Shao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (Ms Shao, Drs Zou and Goldstein)
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yi Zou
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kody G Kennedy
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mikaela K Dimick
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bradley J MacIntosh
- Dr Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin I Goldstein
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Katayama O, Stern Y, Habeck C, Lee S, Harada K, Makino K, Tomida K, Morikawa M, Yamaguchi R, Nishijima C, Misu Y, Fujii K, Kodama T, Shimada H. Neurophysiological markers in community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment: an EEG study. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:217. [PMID: 38102703 PMCID: PMC10722716 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01368-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegeneration and structural changes in the brain due to amyloid deposition have been observed even in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). EEG measurement is considered an effective tool because it is noninvasive, has few restrictions on the measurement environment, and is simple and easy to use. In this study, we investigated the neurophysiological characteristics of community-dwelling older adults with MCI using EEG. METHODS Demographic characteristics, cognitive function, physical function, resting-state MRI and electroencephalogram (rs-EEG), event-related potentials (ERPs) during Simon tasks, and task proportion of correct responses and reaction times (RTs) were obtained from 402 healthy controls (HC) and 47 MCI participants. We introduced exact low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography-independent component analysis (eLORETA-ICA) to assess the rs-EEG network in community-dwelling older adults with MCI. RESULTS A lower proportion of correct responses to the Simon task and slower RTs were observed in the MCI group (p < 0.01). Despite no difference in brain volume between the HC and MCI groups, significant decreases in dorsal attention network (DAN) activity (p < 0.05) and N2 amplitude of ERP (p < 0.001) were observed in the MCI group. Moreover, DAN activity demonstrated a correlation with education (Rs = 0.32, p = 0.027), global cognitive function (Rs = 0.32, p = 0.030), and processing speed (Rs = 0.37, p = 0.010) in the MCI group. The discrimination accuracy for MCI with the addition of the eLORETA-ICA network ranged from 0.7817 to 0.7929, and the area under the curve ranged from 0.8492 to 0.8495. CONCLUSIONS The eLORETA-ICA approach of rs-EEG using noninvasive and relatively inexpensive EEG demonstrates specific changes in elders with MCI. It may provide a simple and valid assessment method with few restrictions on the measurement environment and may be useful for early detection of MCI in community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Katayama
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan.
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, 34 Yamada-Cho, Oyake, Yamashina-Ku, Kyoto, 607-8175, Japan.
| | - Yaakov Stern
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Christian Habeck
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Sangyoon Lee
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kenji Harada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Keitaro Makino
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kouki Tomida
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Masanori Morikawa
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nishijima
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Yuka Misu
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kazuya Fujii
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kodama
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, 34 Yamada-Cho, Oyake, Yamashina-Ku, Kyoto, 607-8175, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu City, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
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Rani N, Alm KH, Corona-Long CA, Speck CL, Soldan A, Pettigrew C, Zhu Y, Albert M, Bakker A. Tau PET burden in Brodmann areas 35 and 36 is associated with individual differences in cognition in non-demented older adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1272946. [PMID: 38161595 PMCID: PMC10757623 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1272946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The accumulation of neurofibrillary tau tangles, a neuropathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), occurs in medial temporal lobe (MTL) regions early in the disease process, with some of the earliest deposits localized to subregions of the entorhinal cortex. Although functional specialization of entorhinal cortex subregions has been reported, few studies have considered functional associations with localized tau accumulation. Methods In this study, stepwise linear regressions were used to examine the contributions of regional tau burden in specific MTL subregions, as measured by 18F-MK6240 PET, to individual variability in cognition. Dependent measures of interest included the Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and composite scores of delayed episodic memory and language. Other model variables included age, sex, education, APOE4 status, and global amyloid burden, indexed by 11C-PiB. Results Tau burden in right Brodmann area 35 (BA35), left and right Brodmann area 36 (BA36), and age each uniquely contributed to the proportion of explained variance in CDR-SB scores, while right BA36 and age were also significant predictors of MMSE scores, and right BA36 was significantly associated with delayed episodic memory performance. Tau burden in both left and right BA36, along with education, uniquely contributed to the proportion of explained variance in language composite scores. Importantly, the addition of more inclusive ROIs, encompassing less granular segmentation of the entorhinal cortex, did not significantly contribute to explained variance in cognition across any of the models. Discussion These findings suggest that the ability to quantify tau burden in more refined MTL subregions may better account for individual differences in cognition, which may improve the identification of non-demented older adults who are on a trajectory of decline due to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Rani
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kylie H. Alm
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Caitlin A. Corona-Long
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Caroline L. Speck
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Anja Soldan
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Corinne Pettigrew
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yuxin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Marilyn Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Arnold Bakker
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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50
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Fernández R, Zubiaurre-Elorza L, Santisteban A, Ojeda N, Collet S, Kiyar M, T'Sjoen G, Mueller SC, Guillamon A, Pásaro E. CBLL1 is hypomethylated and correlates with cortical thickness in transgender men before gender affirming hormone treatment. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21609. [PMID: 38062063 PMCID: PMC10703770 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48782-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gender identity refers to the consciousness of being a man, a woman or other condition. Although it is generally congruent with the sex assigned at birth, for some people it is not. If the incongruity is distressing, it is defined as gender dysphoria (GD). Here, we measured whole-genome DNA methylation by the Illumina © Infinium Human Methylation 850k array and reported its correlation with cortical thickness (CTh) in 22 transgender men (TM) experiencing GD versus 25 cisgender men (CM) and 28 cisgender women (CW). With respect to the methylation analysis, TM vs. CW showed significant differences in 35 CpGs, while 2155 CpGs were found when TM vs. CM were compared. With respect to correlation analysis, TM showed differences in methylation of CBLL1 and DLG1 genes that correlated with global and left hemisphere CTh. Both genes were hypomethylated in TM compared to the cisgender groups. Early onset TM showed a positive correlation between CBLL1 and several cortical regions in the frontal (left caudal middle frontal), temporal (right inferior temporal, left fusiform) and parietal cortices (left supramarginal and right paracentral). This is the first study relating CBLL1 methylation with CTh in transgender persons and supports a neurodevelopmental hypothesis of gender identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Fernández
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Química E Bioloxía - CICA. Departamento de Psicología, Universidade da Coruña, Grupo DICOMOSA, Campus Elviña S/N, 15071, A Coruña, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), 15071, Oza, A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Leire Zubiaurre-Elorza
- Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Andrea Santisteban
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Química E Bioloxía - CICA. Departamento de Psicología, Universidade da Coruña, Grupo DICOMOSA, Campus Elviña S/N, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Natalia Ojeda
- Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Sarah Collet
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Meltem Kiyar
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy T'Sjoen
- Department of Endocrinology, Center for Sexology and Gender, Ghent University Hospital, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sven C Mueller
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Antonio Guillamon
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Pásaro
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Química E Bioloxía - CICA. Departamento de Psicología, Universidade da Coruña, Grupo DICOMOSA, Campus Elviña S/N, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), 15071, Oza, A Coruña, Spain
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