1
|
Schladitz K, Seibel A, Luppa M, Riedel-Heller SG, Löbner M. What internet- and mobile-based interventions are currently available for adults with overweight or obesity experiencing symptoms of depression? A systematic review. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024:10.1038/s41366-024-01654-9. [PMID: 39433892 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01654-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 10/08/2024] [Accepted: 10/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/23/2024]
Abstract
Given the high prevalence of overweight and obesity and high comorbidity of depressive symptoms, there is a need for low-threshold, accessible care approaches for people with overweight/obesity aimed at improving mental health. Internet and mobile-based interventions (IMI) represent an innovative complementary treatment option. This review systematically searches for IMI aimed at improving mental health in people with overweight/obesity. We conducted a systematic literature search according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) criteria in the databases MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of IMI for adults with overweight/obesity and comorbid depressive symptoms aiming at improving mental health were screened and extracted. Study quality was assessed with RoB 2 (revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool in RCTs). After excluding duplicates, n = 790 results were included in title and abstract screening. After full-text-screening of n = 26 studies, n = 3 RCT studies were included. All interventions aimed to reduce both weight and depressive symptoms. In two RCTs, a significant reduction in both depressive symptoms and weight was achieved. One RCT indicated a significant reduction in depressive symptoms, but not in weight. Two intervention had a duration of 6 months and were guided by health carers, the third takes 3 months and can be used without professional guidance. There is evidence that IMI are effective in improving mental health for people with overweight/obesity and comorbid depressive symptoms. However, currently there are few interventions aiming at reducing depressive symptoms, all targeting English-speaking people. As IMI for depressive symptoms can be easily integrated in the somatic therapy of obesity as additional option and has high public health potential, target group-adapted and low-threshold accessible interventions in different languages should be developed and implemented for improving mental health in people with overweight/obesity. Prospero registration number: CRD42023361771.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Schladitz
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Alina Seibel
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Melanie Luppa
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffi G Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Margrit Löbner
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hagarty-Waite KA, Emmons HA, Fordahl SC, Erikson KM. The Influence of Strain and Sex on High Fat Diet-Associated Alterations of Dopamine Neurochemistry in Mice. Nutrients 2024; 16:3301. [PMID: 39408267 PMCID: PMC11479034 DOI: 10.3390/nu16193301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2024] [Revised: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the influence of sex and strain on striatal and nucleus accumbens dopamine neurochemistry and dopamine-related behavior due to a high-saturated-fat diet (HFD). Methods: Male and female C57B6/J (B6J) and Balb/cJ (Balb/c) mice were randomly assigned to a control-fat diet (CFD) containing 10% kcal fat/g or a mineral-matched HFD containing 60% kcal fat/g for 12 weeks. Results: Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance testing (IPGTT) and elevated plus maze experiments (EPM) confirmed that an HFD produced marked blunting of glucose clearance and increased anxiety-like behavior, respectively, in male and female B6J mice. Electrically evoked dopamine release in the striatum and reuptake in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), as measured by ex vivo fast scan cyclic voltammetry, was reduced for HFD-fed B6J females. Impairment in glucose metabolism explained HFD-induced changes in dopamine neurochemistry for B6J males and, to a lesser extent, Balb/c males. The relative expressions of protein markers associated with the activation of microglia, ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule (Iba1) and cluster of differentiation molecule 11b (CD11b) in the striatum were increased due to an HFD for B6J males but were unchanged or decreased amongst HFD-fed Balb/c mice. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that strain and sex influence the insulin- and microglia-dependent mechanisms of alterations to dopamine neurochemistry and associated behavior due to an HFD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Keith M. Erikson
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA; (K.A.H.-W.); (H.A.E.); (S.C.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Khanolkar AR, Mazhari T. Ethnic and sexual orientation inequalities in mental health-obesity comorbidity, self-harm, and attempted suicide among British adolescents. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024; 59:1471-1482. [PMID: 38530397 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-024-02658-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mental illness and obesity (MH-OB) may co-occur in adolescence and have a strong risk to track into adulthood. Using an intersectional framework, we explored associations between ethnic-sexual identities and MH-OB comorbidity in adolescents. We examined the risk of self-harm (SH) and attempted suicide (AS) by comorbidity status and ethnic-sexual identities. METHODS Participants included 9,789 adolescents (aged 17 years) from the UK-wide Millennium Cohort Study with data on self-identified ethnicity and sexuality. Participants were categorised as White-heterosexual, White-sexual minority (SM), Ethnic Minority (EM) heterosexual or EM-SM adolescents. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine associations between 1.dual ethnic-sexual identities and MH-OB comorbidity, 2.risk for self-harm (or attempted suicide) in relation to comorbidity and ethnic-sexual identities (including interactions between the comorbidity and ethnic-sexual identities variables to assess whether risk for self-harm differed by ethnic-sexual identities and comorbidity status). RESULTS Comorbidity was higher among White-SM (OR = 3.73, 95%CI 2.42-5.75) and EM-SM (OR = 1.96, 1.03-3.73) adolescents. SM identities (OR = 3.02, 2.41-3.78 for White-SM) and having comorbidity (OR = 2.83, 2.03-3.95) were independently associated with SH or AS. Risk of SH among White-heterosexual individuals was greater among comorbid individuals (40%) relative to non-comorbid individuals (19%). Risk of SH was higher in SM individuals (58% vs. 41% in White-SM and 50% vs. 29% in EM-SM individuals with and without comorbidity, respectively). Risk of AS was 5% and 19% in comorbid and non-comorbid White-heterosexual individuals, respectively; the corresponding figures for White-SM individuals were 14% and 17%. CONCLUSION Irrespective of ethnicity, SM adolescents have a significantly greater risk of SH and AS. Comorbidity further amplifies this risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amal R Khanolkar
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, UK.
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Tuba Mazhari
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sucu ST, Karaman E, Kose C, Sucu S, Keskin HL. Is postpartum depression related to total weight gain during pregnancy and maternal anemia? REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2024; 70:e20230908. [PMID: 38451577 PMCID: PMC10913786 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20230908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effects of weight gain and maternal anemia on postpartum depression. METHODS This is a prospective, single-center, case-control study. We recorded the demographic characteristics, blood ferritin level, and weight gain during the pregnancy. This study was planned between April 2023 and June 2023 in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of Ankara Etlik City Hospital. A total of 109 patients were enrolled in the study. Patients were assessed with the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale. Weight gain, nutritional education, educational level, mode of delivery, and pregnancy history were asked in person. Ferritin levels at the onset of labor were determined to detect anemia. Twin births, births due to fetal anomalies or intrauterine stillbirths, patients with systemic infections, and patients diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder in the past 6 months whose records were not accessible were excluded from the study. RESULTS Pregnancy weight gain and percentage of pregnancy weight gain were higher. Serum ferritin levels and nutritional education during pregnancy were lower in the postpartum depression group (p<0.001). These parameters with statistical significance were identified as risk factors in the regression analysis for postpartum depression (p<0.05). In receiver operating characteristics analysis, >15 kg for weight gain, >28.8 for percentage of weight gain in pregnancy, and <19 ng/dL for serum ferritin level were identified as cutoff values (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Nutritional education and vitamin supplementation should be recommended to pregnant women during routine examinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serap Topkara Sucu
- Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics – Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elif Karaman
- Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Department of Psychology – Ankara, Turkey
| | - Caner Kose
- Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics – Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sadun Sucu
- Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Department of Perinatology – Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Levent Keskin
- Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics – Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sanchez C, Colson C, Gautier N, Noser P, Salvi J, Villet M, Fleuriot L, Peltier C, Schlich P, Brau F, Sharif A, Altintas A, Amri EZ, Nahon JL, Blondeau N, Benani A, Barrès R, Rovère C. Dietary fatty acid composition drives neuroinflammation and impaired behavior in obesity. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 117:330-346. [PMID: 38309640 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.01.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutrient composition in obesogenic diets may influence the severity of disorders associated with obesity such as insulin-resistance and chronic inflammation. Here we hypothesized that obesogenic diets rich in fat and varying in fatty acid composition, particularly in omega 6 (ω6) to omega 3 (ω3) ratio, have various effects on energy metabolism, neuroinflammation and behavior. Mice were fed either a control diet or a high fat diet (HFD) containing either low (LO), medium (ME) or high (HI) ω6/ω3 ratio. Mice from the HFD-LO group consumed less calories and exhibited less body weight gain compared to other HFD groups. Both HFD-ME and HFD-HI impaired glucose metabolism while HFD-LO partly prevented insulin intolerance and was associated with normal leptin levels despite higher subcutaneous and perigonadal adiposity. Only HFD-HI increased anxiety and impaired spatial memory, together with increased inflammation in the hypothalamus and hippocampus. Our results show that impaired glucose metabolism and neuroinflammation are uncoupled, and support that diets with a high ω6/ω3 ratio are associated with neuroinflammation and the behavioral deterioration coupled with the consumption of diets rich in fat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Sanchez
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, France
| | - Cécilia Colson
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Biologie de Valrose, CNRS, INSERM, France
| | - Nadine Gautier
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Biologie de Valrose, CNRS, INSERM, France
| | - Pascal Noser
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Juliette Salvi
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAe, France
| | - Maxime Villet
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, France
| | - Lucile Fleuriot
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, France
| | - Caroline Peltier
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAe, France
| | - Pascal Schlich
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAe, France
| | - Frédéric Brau
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, France
| | - Ariane Sharif
- Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, Lille France
| | - Ali Altintas
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ez-Zoubir Amri
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Biologie de Valrose, CNRS, INSERM, France
| | - Jean-Louis Nahon
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, France
| | - Nicolas Blondeau
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, France
| | - Alexandre Benani
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAe, France
| | - Romain Barrès
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, France; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carole Rovère
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, France.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ahmed W, Muhammad T, Irshad CV. Interaction between depressive symptoms and obesity-related anthropometric measures on multimorbidity among community-dwelling older adults: evidence from India. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:402. [PMID: 38326765 PMCID: PMC10851490 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17894-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the associations between depressive symptoms, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-hip ratio and multimorbidity among community-dwelling older adults. We also examine the interaction effects between depressive symptoms, BMI, waist circumference and waist-hip ratio on multimorbidity among older adults in India. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted, and the data were obtained from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave-1, with a sample of 31,464 older adults aged 60 years and above (men-15,098 and women-16,366). We used multinomial logistic regression to explore the independent associations between depressive symptoms, obesity-measures, and single and multimorbidity. We also estimated the interaction effects of depressive symptoms and obesity-measures on multimorbidity. RESULTS The prevalence of multimorbidity was higher among individuals with depressive symptoms (39.22%) than individuals with no depressive symptoms (29.94%). Adjusted models indicated that older adults with depressive symptoms had higher odds of single and multimorbidity [(AOR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.17-1.68) and (AOR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.58-2.16), respectively]. Similarly, in comparison to the normal BMI category, overweight and obese older adults were more likely to report single morbidity [(AOR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.37-1.92 and (AOR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.67-2.75), respectively] and multimorbidity [(AOR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.72-2.33) and (AOR = 3.77, 95% CI: 2.94-4.82), respectively]. CONCLUSION The findings revealed that the presence of depressive symptoms, overweight or obesity, and high-risk anthropometric measures such as high-risk waist circumference and high-risk waist to hip ratio significantly increased the risk of morbidity among older adults in India. Thus, it is suggested to adopt an integrated public health policy approach to control depressive symptoms and high-risk body composition to strategically prepare against the elevated risk of multimorbidity among ageing populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waquar Ahmed
- Department of Health Systems Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - T Muhammad
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA.
| | - C V Irshad
- School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hu H, Li F, Cheng S, Qu T, Shen F, Cheng J, Chen L, Zhao Z, Hu H. Alternate-day fasting ameliorated anxiety-like behavior in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 124:109526. [PMID: 37931668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Alternate-day fasting (ADF) has been reported to reduce body weight, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress damage. However, it is not known whether ADF affects obesity-induced anxiety-like behavior. Here, male C57BL/6 mice were given an alternate fasting and high-fat diet (HFD) or standard chow diet (SD) every other day for 16 or 5 weeks. After the intervention, the degree of anxiety of the mice was evaluated by the open field test (OFT) and the elevated plus maze (EPM) test. Pathological changes in the hippocampus, the expression of Sirt1 and its downstream protein monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) in the hippocampus, and the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were detected. Compared with HFD-fed mice, HFD-fed mice subjected to ADF for 16 weeks had a lower body weight but more brown adipose tissue (BAT), less anxiety behavior, and less pathological damage in the hippocampus, and lower expression of Sirt1 and MAO-A protein and higher 5-HT levels in the hippocampus could be observed. In addition, we noted that long-term ADF intervention could cause anxiety-like behavior in SD mice. Next, we changed the intervention time to 5 weeks. The results showed that short-term ADF intervention could reduce the body weight and increase the BAT mass of SD mice, but it did not affect anxiety. These results indicated that long-term ADF ameliorated obesity-induced anxiety-like behavior and hippocampal damage, but caused anxiety in normal-weight mice. Short-term ADF did not produce adverse emotional reactions in normal-weight mice. Here, we might provide new ideas for the treatment of obesity-induced anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of pharmacy, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fan Li
- Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaoli Cheng
- Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tingting Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fanqi Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lina Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenghang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kupila SKE, Berntzen BJ, Muniandy M, Ahola AJ, Kaprio J, Rissanen A, Pietiläinen KH. Mental, physical, and social well-being and quality of life in healthy young adult twin pairs discordant and concordant for body mass index. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294162. [PMID: 38055659 PMCID: PMC10699637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relationship between obesity and mental health is complex and is moderated by the level of obesity, age, sex, and social and genetic factors. In the current study, we used a unique co-twin control design, with twin pairs discordant for body mass index (BMI), to control for shared genetic and environmental effects between obesity and several dimensions of mental health. METHODS We studied 74 monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs, of whom 36 were BMI-discordant (intra-pair difference in BMI ≥ 3 kg/m2), and 77 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs (46 BMI-discordant). We assessed subjective health, especially mental health and mental well-being (depression, anxiety, self-esteem, health-related quality of life, life satisfaction, and social well-being) through questionnaires. RESULTS Heavier MZ co-twins from BMI-discordant pairs had poorer general health (58.8±3.0 vs. 72.4±3.8, P = 0.001, FDR = 0.017 on a scale from 0 to 100 where higher scores indicate more positive results), physical functioning (90.3±1.1 vs. 95.5±2.2, P = 0.024, FDR = 0.122), energy levels (55.6±3.4 vs. 66.6±3.3, P = 0.013, FDR = 0.109), and emotional well-being (65.9±3.2 vs. 75.4±2.9, P = 0.031, FDR = 0.122), as well as a tendency for depressive symptoms (8.4±1.3 vs. 5.6±0.9, P = 0.071, FDR = 0.166) compared to their leaner co-twins. Heavier DZ co-twins had poorer total physical well-being (91.6±1.9 vs. 95.6±1.0, P = 0.035, FDR = 0.356) and more depressive symptoms (4.3±0.9 vs. 2.4±0.5, P = 0.016, FDR = 0.345 on a scale from 0 to 63 where lower scores indicate fewer depressive symptoms) than their leaner co-twins. Association analyses, using all twin pairs, confirmed that higher BMI within pairs linked to general health, physical functioning and depressive symptoms. No association was found between BMI and anxiety, self-esteem, life satisfaction, or social well-being. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this study underscores the notable association between elevated BMI and physical well-being and to a lesser extent between elevated BMI and depressive symptoms, while revealing no discernible connections with anxiety, self-esteem, life satisfaction, or social well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sakris K. E. Kupila
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bram J. Berntzen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maheswary Muniandy
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aila J. Ahola
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Centre Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aila Rissanen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi H. Pietiläinen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Obesity Centre, Endocrinology, Abdominal Centre, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pekkurnaz D. Causal effect of obesity on the probability of employment in women in Turkey. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2023; 51:101301. [PMID: 37651829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2023.101301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the causal effect of obesity on the employment probability of women in Turkey via the instrumental variable approach by using data from the 2018 Turkey and Demographic Health Survey. Obesity prevalence in the area of living and the overweight status of the oldest child, which are the most common types of instruments seen in the literature, are used as instruments. Consistent with the OLS result, the 2SLS estimate indicates that obese women are statistically significantly less likely to be employed when the overweight status of the child is used as an instrument. On the other hand, the statistically significant effect of obesity disappears when the area level obesity prevalence is used as the instrument. In addition, obesity in women decreases the likelihood of employment in the services sector and full-time jobs and employment with social security. Although the results of this study do not indicate the source of the effect found, the presence of a causal relationship for women should not be ignored when the economic burden of obesity for Turkey is considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Didem Pekkurnaz
- Başkent University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Economics, Bağlıca Campus, Fatih Sultan Mahallesi, Eskişehir Yolu 18. Km, Etimesgut, 06790 Ankara, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nour MO, Hafiz TA, Alharbi KK. Measuring the relationship between body mass index and depression among Saudi adult population: A nationwide cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293799. [PMID: 37972096 PMCID: PMC10653455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity and depression shows an accelerating trend with increased risk of morbidity and disability. The exact underlying relationship between them is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of body mass index (BMI) and depression and their associations in a large sample of Saudi adults. METHODS We administered a nationwide cross-sectional web-based survey using a snowball sampling method among Saudi adults aged 18-60 years. We used a validated Arabic version of Beck's Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) for depression assessment. We classified BMI into underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity. We used logistic regression analysis to determine the factors associated with depression. RESULTS Among 4,683 Saudi adults, different grades of depression were present in 43.3%, most (25.2%) with a mild condition. Overweight and obesity were present in 26.4% and 21%, respectively. We found a positive association between BMI and BDI-II score (ρ = 0.14, p = 0.006). BMI was significantly higher among those who were older, males, married, living in the Eastern region of Saudi Arabia, educated at a pre-university level, employed, at high family-income levels, smokers, and people with chronic diseases. Depression score was significantly higher among married, non-employees, non-smokers, people with chronic diseases, and those with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Non-smoking, presence of chronic diseases, and being overweight or obese were significantly associated with depression. CONCLUSIONS Saudi adults were suffering from different grades of depression, overweight, and obesity. A positive association between BMI and BDI-II score was observed. Depression score did not differ by age, sex, geographical region, educational level, or family income. Non-smoking, presence of chronic diseases, and being overweight or obese were significantly associated with depression. Further longitudinal research is required to understand the factors underpinning causal relationships between BMI and depression, the subgroups' variation, and mediating strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed O. Nour
- Department of Health Promotion and Education, Faculty of Public Health & Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tamara Abdulrahman Hafiz
- Department of Health Promotion and Education, Faculty of Public Health & Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khulud K. Alharbi
- Department of Health Services Management, Faculty of Public Health & Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Protsenko M, Kerkelä M, Miettunen J, Auvinen J, Järvelin MR, Jones PB, Gissler M, Veijola J. Body mass index in the middle-aged offspring of parents with severe mental illness. Psychol Med 2023; 53:3621-3627. [PMID: 35232502 PMCID: PMC10277759 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722000253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with severe mental illness (SMI) have an elevated risk of obesity but the causes and mechanisms are unclear. We explored the familial association between parental SMI and body mass index (BMI) in middle-aged offspring. Our objective was to determine if the offspring of either parent with SMI have an increased risk for obesity. METHODS The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 is a cohort study of offspring with expected date of birth in 1966. The data include originally 12 068 mothers and 12 231 children from the provinces of Lapland and Oulu in Finland. The final study sample included 5050 middle-aged offspring. Parental SMI was used as exposure in the study. BMI measured at the age of 46 years was used as a primary outcome. RESULTS Risk for obesity was elevated in the offspring of mothers with SMI [overweight: adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.93 (1.29-2.90), obese class I: 1.97 (1.20-3.25), obese classes II-III: 2.98 (1.67-5.33)]. For the offspring of either parent with SMI, statistically significant results were found in obese class I and obese classes II-III [overweight: adjusted OR 1.21 (0.94-1.54), obese class I: 1.52 (1.03-1.08), obese classes II-III: 1.53 (1.01-2.32)]. CONCLUSIONS We found an elevated risk of obesity in the middle-aged offspring of either parent with SMI, especially in the offspring of mothers with SMI. Thus, there might be a common familial pathway leading to the co-occurrence of obesity and SMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Protsenko
- Department of Psychiatry, Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Martta Kerkelä
- Department of Psychiatry, Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jouko Miettunen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Auvinen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu University Hospital, OYS, Oulu, Finland
| | - Peter B. Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mika Gissler
- THL, Department of Knowledge Brokers, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Region Stockholm, Academic Primary Health Care Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juha Veijola
- Department of Psychiatry, Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bovell-Ammon BJ, Fox AD, LaRochelle MR. Prior Incarceration Is Associated with Poor Mental Health at Midlife: Findings from a National Longitudinal Cohort Study. J Gen Intern Med 2023; 38:1664-1671. [PMID: 36595198 PMCID: PMC10212902 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-022-07983-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with mental illnesses and people living in poverty have higher rates of incarceration than others, but relatively little is known about the long-term impact that incarceration has on an individual's mental health later in life. OBJECTIVE To evaluate prior incarceration's association with mental health at midlife. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study PARTICIPANTS: Participants from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79)-a nationally representative age cohort of individuals 15 to 22 years of age in 1979-who remained in follow-up through age 50. MAIN MEASURES Midlife mental health outcomes were measured as part of a health module administered once participants reached 50 years of age (2008-2019): any mental health history, any depression history, past-year depression, severity of depression symptoms in the past 7 days (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression [CES-D] scale), and mental health-related quality of life in the past 4 weeks (SF-12 Mental Component Score [MCS]). The main exposure was any incarceration prior to age 50. KEY RESULTS Among 7889 participants included in our sample, 577 (5.4%) experienced at least one incarceration prior to age 50. Prior incarceration was associated with a greater likelihood of having any mental health history (predicted probability 27.0% vs. 16.6%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.9 [95%CI: 1.4, 2.5]), any history of depression (22.0% vs. 13.3%; aOR 1.8 [95%CI: 1.3, 2.5]), past-year depression (16.9% vs. 8.6%; aOR 2.2 [95%CI: 1.5, 3.0]), and high CES-D score (21.1% vs. 15.4%; aOR 1.5 [95%CI: 1.1, 2.0]) and with a lower (worse) SF-12 MCS (-2.1 points [95%CI: -3.3, -0.9]; standardized mean difference -0.24 [95%CI: -0.37, -0.10]) at age 50, when adjusting for early-life demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral factors. CONCLUSIONS Prior incarceration was associated with worse mental health at age 50 across five measured outcomes. Incarceration is a key social-structural driver of poor mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Bovell-Ammon
- Department of Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Lifespan, Providence, RI, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, 801 Massachusetts Ave, 2nd floor, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
| | - Aaron D Fox
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Marc R LaRochelle
- Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, 801 Massachusetts Ave, 2nd floor, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yuan L, Chen F, Han S, Xu T. Relationship between depression and lifestyle factors in Chinese adults using multi-level generalized estimation equation model. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:871-873. [PMID: 36808124 PMCID: PMC10150840 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Li Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Alkharji TM, Alharbi RS, Bakhsh EA, Alghalibi M, Alraddadi RA. The Association Between Depression and Obesity Among Adults in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, in 2022. Cureus 2023; 15:e35428. [PMID: 36987468 PMCID: PMC10040245 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Depression has emerged as a significant contributor to the worldwide loss of disability-adjusted life years. Simultaneously, obesity is regarded as a substantial global health issue. The co-existence of depression and obesity can further exacerbate negative health outcomes. Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between depression and obesity in adult populations in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Further, the study aimed to examine the impact of confounding variables and their association with depression and obesity. Methods This analytical cross-sectional study utilized an interviewer-assisted questionnaire to collect data from adult participants aged 18 y/o or older attending primary healthcare centers at the Ministry of Health in Jeddah. The study was conducted at primary healthcare centers in Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire included information on demographic characteristics, comorbidities, weight and height, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) tool for assessing the incidence of depression. Results A total of 397 individuals were included in the study with more than 50% of the participants between 26 and 45 years. The majority of the participants were males in the study (56.9%). The self-reported chronic diseases by the participants included diabetes mellites (25.9%), hypertension (23.7%), and dyslipidemia (19.9%). The study found that 12.8% of respondents had depression, 11.1% had anxiety, and 2.5% had obsessive-compulsive disorder. A total of 29.7% of participants had a PHQ-9 score of 10 or more. A significant negative linear correlation was found between the PHQ-9 score of the participants and their body mass index (BMI) results. However, this association did not remain significant when the chi-square test was used. Moreover, diabetes mellites and hypertension among the study sample were significantly associated with moderate to severe depression (p-values = .006 and = .005, respectively). The PHQ-9 score was negatively correlated with the participants' BMI, with a coefficient of -.190 (p-value < .001). Conclusion In the current study, the majority of obese participants displayed symptoms of depression ranging from mild to moderate. However, no significant correlation was established between depression and BMI.
Collapse
|
15
|
The Chain-Mediating Effect of Obesity, Depressive Symptoms on the Association between Dietary Quality and Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030629. [PMID: 36771337 PMCID: PMC9919873 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to explore the relationship between the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and the mediating role of obesity and depressive symptoms, we used the data from the 2011-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for further study. A total of 12,644 participants were included in the study. The HEI was derived using NHANES personal food data and USDA Food Pattern Equivalence Database (FPED) dietary data. The risk of cardiovascular disease was determined using the Framingham Heart Study's multifactorial calculation tool. The weighted multiple logistic regression model was used to explore the association between the HEI-2015 and CVD, and the generalized structural equation was used to explore the mediating effects of obesity and depression, respectively and jointly. Higher HEI-2015 scores were associated with a lower risk of CVD compared to lower quartiles. Obesity, depressive symptoms, and their chain effects all played significant mediating roles in the association between the HEI-2015 and CVD, with proportional mediations of 9.03%, 2.23% and 0.25%, respectively. Our results suggest that higher dietary quality is associated with a lower risk of CVD, mediated by obesity, depressive symptoms, and the chain effect of obesity and depressive symptoms.
Collapse
|
16
|
Liu T, Wu B, Yao Y, Chen Y, Zhou J, Xu K, Wang N, Fu C. Associations between depression and the incident risk of obesity in southwest China: A community population prospective cohort study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1103953. [PMID: 36741957 PMCID: PMC9893117 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1103953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to describe the incidence of obesity and investigate associations between depression and the risk of incident obesity among residents in Southwest China. Methods A 10-year prospective cohort study of 4,745 non-obese adults was conducted in Guizhou, southwest China from 2010 to 2020. Depression was assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) while the obesity was identified by waist circumference (WC) and/or body mass index (BMI). Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of depression and incident obesity. Results A total of 1,115 incident obesity were identified over an average follow-up of 7.19 years, with an incidence of 32.66 per 1,000 PYs for any obesity, 31.14 per 1,000 PYs and 9.40 per 1,000 PYs for abdominal obesity and general obesity, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, risks of incident abdominal obesity for subjects with minimal (aHR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.43), and mild or more advanced depression (aHR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.62) were statistically higher than those not depressed, while there was no significant association with incident general obesity. The risks of any incident obesity among subjects with minimal (aHR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.40), mild or more advanced depression (aHR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.64) were significantly higher than those not depressed and positive association was found for PHQ score per SD increase (aHR: 1.07, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.13), too. The association was stronger significantly in Han Chinese (minimal: aHR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.52; mild or more advanced: aHR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.30, 2.21) and farmers (minimal: aHR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.35, 2.01; mild or more advanced: aHR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.32, 2.51). Conclusion Depression increased the risk of incident obesity among adults in Southwest China, especially among Han Chinese and farmers. This finding suggests that preventing and controlling depression may benefit the control of incident obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - Bo Wu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,National Health Commission of People's Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuntong Yao
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - Yun Chen
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,National Health Commission of People's Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - Kelin Xu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,National Health Commission of People's Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,National Health Commission of People's Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaowei Fu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,National Health Commission of People's Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Chaowei Fu ✉
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jahromi SR, Martami F, Morad Soltani K, Togha M. Migraine and obesity: what is the real direction of their association? Expert Rev Neurother 2023; 23:75-84. [PMID: 36714917 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2173575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In recent decades, studies have addressed the issue of how migraine and obesity are related and have suggested obesity as a risk factor for migraine headache. However, the exact direction of this relationship remains under debate. In this review, the authors summarize the evidence that have suggested migraine as a risk factor for obesity and overweightness. AREAS COVERED This article reviews the results of the previous research published on PubMed and Scopus databases (from 2000 to 2020) concerning the association between migraine and obesity to determine the actual direction of their association. Special attention has been given to the common mechanistic pathways involved in the pathophysiology of migraine and obesity. EXPERT OPINION The majority of research conducted thus far has considered obesity as a risk factor for migraine. However, because of the cross-sectional design of available research, we cannot be certain of the proposed direction of this association. There is evidence supporting the hypothesis that obesity can serve as a consequence of migraine through the effects of neuropeptides, inflammatory mediators, adipokines, gut microbiota and modifications in eating behavior and lifestyle. However, the real direction of the relationship between migraine and obesity should be further investigated in large prospective studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soodeh Razeghi Jahromi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Martami
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kasra Morad Soltani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Togha
- Headache Department, Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Karamanos A, Khanolkar AR. Adverse childhood experiences and mental ill-health - obesity comorbidity among British adolescents - A national cohort study. JOURNAL OF MULTIMORBIDITY AND COMORBIDITY 2023; 13:26335565231215638. [PMID: 38024540 PMCID: PMC10664438 DOI: 10.1177/26335565231215638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Mental ill-health and obesity are increasingly prevalent in childhood with both conditions likely to co-occur. Less is known about associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and mental ill-health and obesity (MH-OB) comorbidity in adolescence. The aim of this study was to examine associations between ACEs and MH-OB comorbidity in adolescents from a national cohort study. Methods Participants; 10,734 adolescents (males = 50.3%) from the Millennium Cohort Study with 6 ACEs (for e.g., parental MH, drug/alcohol misuse, physical punishment) collected prospectively between ages 3-11 years. MH-OB comorbidity (binary indicator) was based on objectively measured BMI (for overweight/obesity) and self-reported depression/anxiety at ages 14 and 17. Associations between: 1.total ACE scores (0, 1, 2 or ≥3) and additionally each individual ACE, and MH-OB, were analysed used logistic regression, separately at 14 and 17 years. Results At age 14, ACE scores were associated with higher odds for MH-OB comorbidity, with a gradient of increasing odds ratios (OR) with increasing ACEs. Individuals with 1 (OR:1.22[95%CI: 1.1-1.6]), 2 (OR:1.7[1.3-2.3]), or ≥3ACEs (OR:2[1.5-2.6]) had increased odds for MH-OB comorbidity compared to those with 0 ACEs. At age 17, associations between ACE scores and MH-OB were attenuated and observed in individuals with ≥3ACEs (OR:1.54, 1.1-2.3). Parental MH (OR:1.5, 1.2-1.9), intimate-partner violence (OR:1.2, 1.1-1.6), physical punishment (OR:1.3, 1.1-1.6), bullying (OR:2, 1.6-2.5) were associated with MH-OB comorbidity age 14. However, only parental MH (OR:1.5, 1.1-2.1) and bullying (OR:1.6, 1.2-2.1) were associated with MH-OB comorbidity at age 17. Conclusion ACEs are associated with increased risk of MH-OB comorbidity in between ages 14 and 17. These findings provide timely opportunity for interventions to reduce risk and are pertinent given that MH and obesity contribute significantly to global burden of disease and track across the lifecourse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Karamanos
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Amal R. Khanolkar
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Risk Factors, Clinical Consequences, Prevention, and Treatment of Childhood Obesity. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9121975. [PMID: 36553418 PMCID: PMC9776766 DOI: 10.3390/children9121975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Obesity might adversely affect the health and well-being of children and their families. Childhood obesity has crucial implications for health, both during childhood and as they age. It is highly associated with many acute problems and is commonly present during childhood, making visits and hospital admissions polarized in this group of children. The problems that may affect these children can be medical, such as asthma, chronic inflammation, orthopedic abnormalities, liver disease, diabetes mellitus or dyslipidemia. Long-term consequences of cardiovascular risk factors, the persistence of obesity and premature mortality are common among adults who had obesity during their early lives. Additionally, they could also suffer from psychological issues, such as low self-esteem, which puts them at risk of a much more serious psychosocial problem that may lead to depression, as well as a disruption in educational achievements and social relationships. A healthy diet, physical activity, adequate sleep, and limited screen time are all preventive measures that should be implemented at the family and community levels, preferably through well-structured programs. Furthermore, pharmacological management of childhood obesity is limited and only used after non-pharmacological interventions have failed or in the late stages of obesity. However, recent guidelines advocate the early use of medical interventions. Approved pharmacotherapeutic options include orlistat, phentermine/topiramate combination and liraglutide. There are several other options approved primarily for other specific forms of obesity or for other indications, including setmelanotide, metformin, lisdexamfetamine, zonisamide and fluoxetine. Bariatric surgery is a safe and effective option in cases with extreme obesity and comorbidities considering the need for long-term monitoring and support for cases and their families post-surgery. This review aims to discuss and highlight the recent evidence regarding risk factors, clinical consequences, prevention, and treatment of childhood obesity.
Collapse
|
20
|
Toba-Oluboka T, Vochosková K, Hajek T. Are the antidepressant effects of insulin-sensitizing medications related to improvements in metabolic markers? Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:469. [PMID: 36347837 PMCID: PMC9643486 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02234-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-sensitizing medications were originally used in psychiatric practice to treat weight gain and other metabolic side effects that accompany the use of mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and some antidepressants. However, in recent studies these medications have been shown to cause improvement in depressive symptoms, creating a potential new indication outside of metabolic regulation. However, it is still unclear whether the antidepressant properties of these medications are associated with improvements in metabolic markers. We performed a systematic search of the literature following PRISMA guidelines of studies investigating antidepressant effects of insulin-sensitizing medications. We specifically focused on whether any improvements in depressive symptoms were connected to the improvement of metabolic dysfunction. Majority of the studies included in this review reported significant improvement in depressive symptoms following treatment with insulin-sensitizing medications. Nine out of the fifteen included studies assessed for a correlation between improvement in symptoms and changes in metabolic markers and only two of the nine studies found such association, with effect sizes ranging from R2 = 0.26-0.38. The metabolic variables, which correlated with improvements in depressive symptoms included oral glucose tolerance test, fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin following treatment with pioglitazone or metformin. The use of insulin-sensitizing medications has a clear positive impact on depressive symptoms. However, it seems that the symptom improvement may be unrelated to improvement in metabolic markers or weight. It is unclear which additional mechanisms play a role in the observed clinical improvement. Some alternative options include inflammatory, neuroinflammatory changes, improvements in cognitive functioning or brain structure. Future studies of insulin-sensitizing medications should measure metabolic markers and study the links between changes in metabolic markers and changes in depression. Additionally, it is important to use novel outcomes in these studies, such as changes in cognitive functioning and to investigate not only acute, but also prophylactic treatment effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Temi Toba-Oluboka
- grid.55602.340000 0004 1936 8200Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS Canada
| | - Kristýna Vochosková
- grid.447902.cNational Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic ,grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XCharles University, Third Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Hajek
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. .,National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chompre G, Sambolin L, Cruz ML, Sanchez R, Rodriguez Y, Rodríguez-Santiago RE, Yamamura Y, Appleyard CB. A one month high fat diet disrupts the gut microbiome and integrity of the colon inducing adiposity and behavioral despair in male Sprague Dawley rats. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11194. [PMID: 36387539 PMCID: PMC9663868 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) is associated with gut microbiome dysfunction and mental disorders. However, the time-dependence as to when this occurs is unclear. We hypothesized that a short-term HFD causes colonic tissue integrity changes resulting in behavioral changes. Rats were fed HFD or low-fat diet (LFD) for a month and gut microbiome, colon, and behavior were evaluated. Behavioral despair was found in the HFD group. Although obesity was absent, the HFD group showed increased percent weight gain, epididymal fat tissue, and leptin expression. Moreover, the HFD group had increased colonic damage, decreased expression of the tight junction proteins, and higher lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in serum. Metagenomic analysis revealed that the HFD group had more Bacteroides and less S24-7 which correlated with the decreased claudin-5. Finally, HFD group showed an increase of microglia percent area, increased astrocytic projections, and decreased phospho-mTOR. In conclusion, HFD consumption in a short period is still sufficient to disrupt gut integrity resulting in LPS infiltration, alterations in the brain, and behavioral despair even in the absence of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gladys Chompre
- Biology and Biotechnology Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico, Ponce, Puerto Rico
- Basic Sciences Department, Division of Physiology, Ponce Health Sciences University/Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Lubriel Sambolin
- Basic Sciences Department, Division of Pharmacology, Ponce Health Sciences University/Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Myrella L. Cruz
- Basic Sciences Department, Division of Physiology, Ponce Health Sciences University/Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Rafael Sanchez
- AIDS Research Infrastructure Program, Ponce Health Sciences University/Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Yarelis Rodriguez
- Basic Sciences Department, Division of Physiology, Ponce Health Sciences University/Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Ronald E. Rodríguez-Santiago
- AIDS Research Infrastructure Program, Ponce Health Sciences University/Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Yasuhiro Yamamura
- AIDS Research Infrastructure Program, Ponce Health Sciences University/Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Caroline B. Appleyard
- Basic Sciences Department, Division of Physiology, Ponce Health Sciences University/Ponce Research Institute, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Carlesso LC, Jafarzadeh SR, Stokes A, Felson DT, Wang N, Frey-Law L, Lewis CE, Nevitt M, Neogi T. Depressive symptoms and multi-joint pain partially mediate the relationship between obesity and opioid use in people with knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:1263-1269. [PMID: 35700904 PMCID: PMC9419857 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the relation of obesity to opioid use in people with or at risk of knee osteoarthritis (OA), and the extent to which this association is mediated by number of painful joints or depressive symptoms. METHODS We used data from the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study, a longitudinal cohort of older adults with or at risk of knee OA. Opioid use was identified by prescription medications and self-report. Obesity was defined as BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2. Multi-joint pain was assessed using a standardized body homunculus, and depressive symptoms using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. We quantified the direct and indirect effect of obesity on opioid use through the number of painful joints or depressive symptoms using causal mediation analysis by natural-effects models. RESULTS We studied 2,335 participants (mean age: 68; mean BMI 31 kg/m2; 60% women). Persons with obesity had ∼50% higher odds of opioid use than those without. Estimates of indirect (mediated) effect by the number of painful joints and depressive symptoms suggested an increased odds of opioid use by 34% (odds ratio [OR] = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.70) and 35% (OR 1.35, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.71), respectively, in obese vs non-obese individuals. The total effect of obesity on opioid use was higher in women than in men. CONCLUSIONS Multi-joint pain and depressive symptoms partially explained greater opioid use among obese persons with knee OA, demonstrating that the negative impact of obesity on knee OA extends beyond its influence on knee pain and structural progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L C Carlesso
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | | | - A Stokes
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - D T Felson
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - N Wang
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center (BEDAC), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - L Frey-Law
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
| | - C E Lewis
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Public Health, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - M Nevitt
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - T Neogi
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
de Wit L, Have MT, Cuijpers P, de Graaf R. Body Mass Index and risk for onset of mood and anxiety disorders in the general population: Results from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-2 (NEMESIS-2). BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:522. [PMID: 35918662 PMCID: PMC9344769 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04077-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Examine the onset of a clinical diagnosis of mood (major depression, dysthymia and bipolar disorder)- and anxiety disorders (panic disorder, agoraphobia without panic disorder, social phobia, specific phobia and generalized anxiety disorder) by Body Mass Index levels at baseline in the general adult population over three years. METHODS Data are from NEMESIS-2, a representative psychiatric cohort study in the Netherlands. A total of 5303 subjects aged 18-64 were interviewed with the CIDI (3.0 based on DSM-IV) in two waves, with an interval of three years. The first wave was performed from November 2007 to July 2009, the second wave from November 2010 to June 2012. RESULTS Persons with obesity at baseline had a significantly increased risk of the onset of any mood -or anxiety disorder adjusting for covariates compared to persons with a normal Body Mass Index (OR = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.11-2.62). The odds ratio of the underweight category was non-significant. A dose-response effect of the continuous BMI scores on the onset of any mood or anxiety disorder was found (OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.02 = 1.10; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Obesity at baseline is a risk for the onset of mood -and anxiety disorders at three year follow up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonore de Wit
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7-9, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Margreet ten Have
- grid.416017.50000 0001 0835 8259Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pim Cuijpers
- grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7-9, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ron de Graaf
- grid.416017.50000 0001 0835 8259Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Association between labor and delivery pain and postpartum pain with symptoms and clinical diagnosis of postpartum depression in patients with overweight and obesity. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2022; 307:1441-1449. [PMID: 35665850 PMCID: PMC9719570 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-022-06625-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Childbirth pain has been associated with the risk for postpartum depression. However, existing studies have been limited by the use of depression screening tools as outcomes, and none to date have used a structured clinical interview for DSM-V (SCID), which is considered the gold standard for psychiatric diagnoses. This study aimed to quantify the relationships between labor and postpartum pain and postpartum depression diagnosis detected by SCID, as well as depression symptoms detected by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD) screening tool, among a high-risk cohort.
Methods
The study was a secondary analysis of a prospective observational study of a cohort of women enriched for high risk for depression, i.e., pregnant women originally enrolled in a prospective study investigating factors leading to excessive gestational weight gain. Subjects were assessed prospectively for depression using both SCID and CESD at the third trimester and at 6 months postpartum. Overweight and obesity were defined as pre-gravid body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2. Both vaginal and cesarean deliveries were included in the cohort. Pain scores (0–10 numeric rating scale) during childbirth and after delivery were correlated with CESD and SCID. Propensity score matching was performed with propensity groups defined as those with low–moderate postpartum pain and those with high postpartum pain. The relationships between pain measures and 6-month postpartum depression diagnosis by SCID, and between pain measures and 6-month postpartum depression symptoms by CESD, were assessed by unweighted logistic regression and by logistic regression weighted by propensity score derived by average treatment effect (ATE) adjusted for baseline covariates.
Results
There were 237 subjects in the cohort for analysis. Labor and postpartum pain were not associated with depression diagnosis by SCID at 6 months postpartum. However, postpartum pain, but not labor pain, was associated with depressive symptoms on the CESD at 6 months postpartum. Women with higher maximum postpartum pain scores had significantly higher odds of developing clinically significant postpartum depressive symptoms at 6 months, compared to those with lower pain scores in the unweighted model (OR: 1.3, 95% CI 1.0, 1.5; P = 0.005) and ATE-weighted models (OR: 1.2, 95% CI 1.0, 1.5; P = 0.03). Consistent with prior work, SCID and CESD were strongly associated, and 92.9% (13/14) of participants with postpartum depression diagnosis by 6-month SCID also showed high CESD symptomology, P < 0.0001).
Conclusions
Although labor and postpartum pain were not associated with clinical diagnosis of depression (SCID) at 6 months postpartum, postpartum pain was linked to 6-month postpartum depression symptoms. Depressive symptoms are more likely to be exhibited in women with higher postpartum pain, potentially reflecting poorer birth recovery. The contribution of postpartum pain and depressive symptoms to overall patterns of poor recovery after childbirth should be assessed further.
Collapse
|
25
|
Torgersen K, Rahman Z, Bahrami S, Hindley GFL, Parker N, Frei O, Shadrin A, O’Connell KS, Tesli M, Smeland OB, Munkhaugen J, Djurovic S, Dammen T, Andreassen OA. Shared genetic loci between depression and cardiometabolic traits. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010161. [PMID: 35560157 PMCID: PMC9170110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and clinical studies have found associations between depression and cardiovascular disease risk factors, and coronary artery disease patients with depression have worse prognosis. The genetic relationship between depression and these cardiovascular phenotypes is not known. We here investigated overlap at the genome-wide level and in individual loci between depression, coronary artery disease and cardiovascular risk factors. We used the bivariate causal mixture model (MiXeR) to quantify genome-wide polygenic overlap and the conditional/conjunctional false discovery rate (pleioFDR) method to identify shared loci, based on genome-wide association study summary statistics on depression (n = 450,619), coronary artery disease (n = 502,713) and nine cardiovascular risk factors (n = 204,402–776,078). Genetic loci were functionally annotated using FUnctional Mapping and Annotation (FUMA). Of 13.9K variants influencing depression, 9.5K (SD 1.0K) were shared with body-mass index. Of 4.4K variants influencing systolic blood pressure, 2K were shared with depression. ConjFDR identified 79 unique loci associated with depression and coronary artery disease or cardiovascular risk factors. Six genomic loci were associated jointly with depression and coronary artery disease, 69 with blood pressure, 49 with lipids, 9 with type 2 diabetes and 8 with c-reactive protein at conjFDR < 0.05. Loci associated with increased risk for depression were also associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease and higher total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and c-reactive protein levels, while there was a mixed pattern of effect direction for the other risk factors. Functional analyses of the shared loci implicated metabolism of alpha-linolenic acid pathway for type 2 diabetes. Our results showed polygenic overlap between depression, coronary artery disease and several cardiovascular risk factors and suggest molecular mechanisms underlying the association between depression and increased cardiovascular disease risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Torgersen
- Department of Behavioral Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail: (KT); (OAA)
| | - Zillur Rahman
- NORMENT: Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Shahram Bahrami
- NORMENT: Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guy Frederick Lanyon Hindley
- NORMENT: Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nadine Parker
- NORMENT: Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- NORMENT: Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexey Shadrin
- NORMENT: Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kevin S. O’Connell
- NORMENT: Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin Tesli
- NORMENT: Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav B. Smeland
- NORMENT: Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - John Munkhaugen
- Department of Behavioral Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Drammen Hospital, Drammen, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Toril Dammen
- Section of Psychiatric Treatment Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT: Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail: (KT); (OAA)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Plasonja N, Brytek-Matera A, Décamps G. Psychological Profiles of Treatment-Seeking Adults with Overweight and Obesity: A Cluster Analysis Approach. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11071952. [PMID: 35407559 PMCID: PMC8999798 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11071952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight and obesity are associated with depression and well-being. Some psychological characteristics play a role in explaining well-being and depression in obesity and in identifying specific patient profiles. However, subtyping individuals with overweight/obesity based on variables like self-esteem or stress has not often been done. Therefore, our objective was to explore the psychological profiles of treatment-seeking individuals overweight or with obesity and to compare their depression and well-being. METHODS Data regarding eating self-efficacy, well-being, depression, physical hunger, self-esteem, body satisfaction and perceived stress in individuals with overweight/obesity were collected from the ESTEAM cohort. Hierarchical cluster analysis and mean comparisons were performed on female (n = 1427) and male samples (n = 310). RESULTS Three psychological profiles were identified in both samples. The "High psychological concerns" profile and the "Low psychological concerns" profile were identical in both samples. The third profile, "Bodily concerns", differed by sex and was characterized by appearance dissatisfaction for women and by appearance and eating concerns for men. The "Low psychological concerns" profile presented the highest well-being and the lowest depression scores in both samples. DISCUSSION The findings support the hypothesis of the heterogeneity of individuals with overweight and obesity and suggest sex-related therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalija Plasonja
- Department of Human Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, Université de Bordeaux, LabPsy, EA 4139, F-33000 Bordeaux, France;
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Greg Décamps
- Department of Human Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, Université de Bordeaux, LabPsy, EA 4139, F-33000 Bordeaux, France;
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lanza HI. Weighing the Risk: Developmental Pathways and Processes Underlying Obesity to Substance Use in Adolescence. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2022; 32:337-354. [PMID: 34490962 PMCID: PMC8897223 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Research on co-occurring obesity and substance use in adolescence has grown substantially in the past decade, but questions on the pathways and processes underlying co-occurrence remain. This review first synthesizes empirical findings on the relationship between obesity and substance use (e.g., alcohol, cannabis, tobacco use). Multidisciplinary theoretical frameworks referencing behavioral medicine, neuroscience, psychology, and public health are then used to inform an interdisciplinary, conceptual model focused on pathways and processes by which obesity increases risk of substance use. Recommendations for future research underscore the importance of prospective studies that encompass multiple domains of development. Recommendations for practice include family-based interventions that promote adaptive self-regulation, targeted antibullying or victimization interventions, and increased attention by health professionals on risky behavior associated with adolescent obesity.
Collapse
|
28
|
Al-Khatib Y, Akhtar MA, Kanawati MA, Mucheke R, Mahfouz M, Al-Nufoury M. Depression and Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e22153. [PMID: 35308733 PMCID: PMC8920832 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We reviewed the literature to investigate the relationship between depression and metabolic syndrome. Major depressive disorder is characterized by a low mood or a loss of interest for longer than two weeks. Metabolic syndrome describes multiple metabolic risk factors including obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. We divided our findings into environmental, genetic, epigenetic, and biological pathway links between depression and the different aspects of metabolic syndrome. We found various sources linking obesity and metabolic syndrome genetically, environmentally, biological pathway-wise, and, while not fully explored, epigenetically. Diabetes and depression were also found to be linked environmentally with both conditions increasing the risk of the other. Depression was also shown to be linked to cardiovascular complications as it increased the risk of occurrence of such complications in healthy people. These findings have led us to believe that there is a link between depression and metabolic syndrome on various levels, especially obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M Ali Kanawati
- Internal Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, IRL
| | - Rumbidzai Mucheke
- Operating Department Practice, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, GBR
| | - Maria Mahfouz
- Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, IRL
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Vaghef-Mehrabani E, Izadi A, Ebrahimi-Mameghani M. The association of depression with metabolic syndrome parameters and malondialdehyde (MDA) in obese women: A case-control study. Health Promot Perspect 2022; 11:492-497. [PMID: 35079595 PMCID: PMC8767085 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2021.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is evidence for a bidirectional association between obesity and depression, and obesity is the main risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study aimed to compare oxidative stress and MetS features between depressed and non-depressed obese women and study the association of depressive symptoms, oxidative stress, and components of MetS. Methods: In this case-control study conducted in Tabriz (East Azarbaijan, Iran), obese women (body mass index [BMI]: 30-40 kg/m2 ) with a primary diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD; based on diagnostic interview with a psychiatrist; n=75) and their age-matched non-depressed controls (n=150) were enrolled. Beck Depression Inventory-version II (BDI-II) was used to assess depressive symptoms in both groups. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar (FBS), lipid profile and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. Results: No significant differences in anthropometric parameters and blood pressure were observed between the two groups. However, FBS of the MDD group was significantly higher than the control (P <0.05). FBS was significantly correlated with BDI-II scores (r=0.158, P =0.017). No significant difference in lipid profile was observed between the groups. Serum MDA level was significantly lower in the MDD group and was inversely associated with BDI-II scores (r=-0.328, P <0.001). Overall, MDD was not significantly associated with MetS in our study (OR=0.848, 95% CI: 0.484, 1.487; P =0.566). Conclusion: Although we found a correlation between higher depressive symptoms and some adverse metabolic outcomes, our findings do not support a significant association between MDD and MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Vaghef-Mehrabani
- Postdoctoral Associate, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Azimeh Izadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mameghani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ottino C, Strippoli MPF, Gholam M, Lasserre AM, Vandeleur CL, Vollenweider P, Marques-Vidal P, Clair C, Preisig M. Short-term and long-term effects of major depressive disorder subtypes on obesity markers and impact of sex on these associations. J Affect Disord 2022; 297:570-578. [PMID: 34718038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only a few studies with conflicting results have examined the effects of sex on the prospective association between depression and subsequent obesity. OBJECTIVE (1) To simultaneously assess the associations of the subtypes (atypical, melancholic, unspecified) of major depressive disorder (MDD) measured at baseline and subtypes of major depressive episodes (MDE) that emerged during a 5.5-year follow-up with changes in obesity markers (body mass index, waist circumference, fat mass) during this follow-up, and (2) to test the effect of sex on these associations. METHODS Data from CoLaus|PsyCoLaus, a population-based cohort study including 2702 participants (50.1% women, mean age 49.6 years). Criteria for mental disorders were elicited using semi-structured interviews. RESULTS History of atypical MDD at baseline was associated with a steeper increase in BMI and waist circumference, whereas atypical MDE during follow-up was associated with a steeper increase in the three studied obesity markers. Melancholic MDD at baseline was associated with a steeper increase in BMI. Several significant interactions with sex were found indicating higher increase in fat mass in men than in women following melancholic MDD reported at baseline, higher decrease in BMI and fat mass in women than in men related to melancholic MDE emerging during follow-up and higher increase in waist circumference in men than in women following unspecified MDD reported at baseline. LIMITATIONS Urban sample which may not be representative for the whole population. CONCLUSIONS Our results further advocate for the specific need of a thorough monitoring of obesity markers in patients with atypical MDD and suggest less favorable obesity marker changes mainly related to melancholic MDE in men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Ottino
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Av. Edouard-Rod 28, Lausanne CH-1007, Switzerland.
| | - Marie-Pierre F Strippoli
- Center for Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mehdi Gholam
- Center for Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurélie M Lasserre
- Addiction Medicine, Department of psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Caroline L Vandeleur
- Center for Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carole Clair
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martin Preisig
- Center for Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Adewuya AO, Oladipo O, Ajomale T, Adewumi T, Momodu O, Olibamoyo O, Adesoji O, Adegbokun A, Adegbaju D. Epidemiology of depression in primary care: Findings from the Mental Health in Primary Care (MeHPriC) project, Lagos, Nigeria. Int J Psychiatry Med 2022; 57:6-20. [PMID: 33573444 DOI: 10.1177/0091217421996089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the rate and correlates of depression in primary care using data from the Mental Health in Primary Care (MeHPriC) project, Lagos, Nigeria. METHODS Adult attendees (n=44,238) of 57 primary care facilities were evaluated for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Apart from the socio-demographic details, information was also collected regarding the use of alcohol and other psychoactive substances, presence of chronic medical problems, level of functionality, and perceived social support. Anthropometrics measures (weight and height) and blood pressure were also recorded. RESULTS A total of 27,212 (61.5%) of the participants were females. There were 32,037 (72.4%) participants in the age group 25-60 years. The rate of major depression (PHQ-9 score 10 and above) was 15.0% (95% CI 14.6-15.3). The variables independently associated with depression include age 18-24 years (OR 1.69), female sex (OR 2.39), poor social support (OR 1.14), having at least one metabolic syndrome component (OR 1.57), significant alcohol use (OR 1.13) and functional disability (OR 1.38). CONCLUSION Our study showed that the rate of depression in primary care in Nigeria is high. Screening for all primary care attendees for depression will be an important step towards scaling up mental health services in Nigeria and other developing countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abiodun O Adewuya
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
- Centre for Mental Health Research and Initiative, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olabisi Oladipo
- Centre for Mental Health Research and Initiative, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Tolu Ajomale
- Mental Health Desk Office, Lagos State Ministry of Health, Ikeja, Lagos
| | - Tomilola Adewumi
- Centre for Mental Health Research and Initiative, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olufisayo Momodu
- Centre for Mental Health Research and Initiative, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
- Health Services Commission, Lagos State Ministry of Health, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olushola Olibamoyo
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olabanji Adesoji
- Health Services Commission, Lagos State Ministry of Health, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adedayo Adegbokun
- Health Services Commission, Lagos State Ministry of Health, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Dapo Adegbaju
- Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhu BL, Hu AY, Huang GQ, Qiu HH, Hong XC, Hu PL, Yuan CX, Ruan YT, Yang B, He JC. Association Between Obesity and Post-stroke Anxiety in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke. Front Nutr 2021; 8:749958. [PMID: 34901108 PMCID: PMC8655127 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.749958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-stroke anxiety (PSA) is serious psychosomatic comorbidity among patients with stroke, but whether obesity could be positively associated with PSA is currently unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential association between obesity and subsequent anxiety risk in patients with stroke. A total of 441 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) onset were consecutively recruited within 7 days, and PSA and post-stroke depression (PSD) were evaluated by using a 14-item Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and 17-item Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) at the end of 1-month follow-up. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI was estimated for the incidental PSA by using logistic regression analysis. The incidence of PSA was 25.85% at the end of 1-month follow-up, with a significant difference between patients with and without abdominal obesity. Relative fat mass (RFM) and abdominal obesity were significantly associated with an elevated risk of PSA, and the crude ORs were 1.04 (95% CI: 1.01–1.08) and 1.93 (95% CI: 1.11–3.34), respectively. Even after adjustment for obesity-related risk factors and PSA-related clinical measurements, the association remained to be pronounced with abdominal obesity. However, RFM (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.99–1.06, P = 0.053) and abdominal obesity (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 0.80–2.15, P = 0.280) were not significantly associated with an elevated risk of PSD. Abdominal obesity was independently associated with the PSA instead of PSD, which may help predict PSA risk in clinical practice. Further prospective clinical studies with a long follow-up duration are warranted to verify this finding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bei-Lei Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ai-Yi Hu
- Department of First Clinical Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gui-Qian Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hui-Hua Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xian-Chai Hong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ping-Lang Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Xiang Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ting Ruan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jin-Cai He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cooper AJ, Gupta SR, Moustafa AF, Chao AM. Sex/Gender Differences in Obesity Prevalence, Comorbidities, and Treatment. Curr Obes Rep 2021; 10:458-466. [PMID: 34599745 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-021-00453-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obesity is a heterogeneous condition, yet sex/gender is rarely considered in the prevention or clinical care of this disease. This review examined and evaluated recent literature regarding the influence of sex and gender on obesity prevalence, comorbidities, and treatment in adults. RECENT FINDINGS Obesity is more prevalent in women than men in most countries, but in some countries and population subgroups, this gap is more pronounced. Several obesity-related comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes and hypertension, demonstrate sex-specific pathways. Women, compared to men, are more likely to be diagnosed with obesity and seek and obtain all types of obesity treatment including behavioral, pharmacological, and bariatric surgery. Men tend to have greater absolute weight loss, but this difference is attenuated once accounting for baseline weight. Obesity is a multifactorial condition with complex interactions among sex/gender, sociocultural, environmental, and physiological factors. More sex/gender research is needed to investigate mechanisms underlying sex/gender differences in prevalence, comorbidities, and treatment, identify ways to increase men's interest and participation in obesity treatment, and examine differences in obesity prevalence and treatments for transgender and gender non-conforming individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley J Cooper
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 418 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sapana R Gupta
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Ariana M Chao
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 418 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Almarhoon FH, Almubarak KA, Alramdhan ZA, Albagshi RS, Alotayriz JK, Alqahtani AH. The Association Between Depression and Obesity Among Adults in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2021; 13:e18794. [PMID: 34804660 PMCID: PMC8592295 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression is a primary cause of disability-adjusted life years lost globally. It is a common mental disorder with roughly more than 264 million adults affected. Obesity is another major health problem affecting more than 650 million adults worldwide. The presence of depression and obesity, along with each other, is associated with more negative health outcomes. Objectives: To explore the correlation between depression and obesity among adults in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia and analyze this association with other variables, including patients' demographics, body mass index (BMI), and presence of chronic and psychiatric illness. Method: A cross-sectional study was done in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. A total number of 711 participants were enrolled. Arabic version of Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was used. Body mass index (BMI) scores were used to classify participants into underweight, average weight, overweight, and obese. Result: It was found that 41.7% of the obese participants have moderate to severe depression, and this result was statistically significant (P = 0.027, 95% CI 1.69-1.98). The prevalence was more marked among young participants (P = 0.001). Other variables such as marital status, the presence of a chronic illness, psychiatric disorders, regular intake of medications, effect of depressive symptoms on daily activity, and the number of years diagnosed with obesity and depression all showed a statistically significant association in the presence of comorbidity of obesity and depression (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The association between depression and obesity is most prominent in young adults aged between 18 to 25 years (11.2%), being single (12.8%), having a BMI of 30 or more for 10 years or more (45.4%), the presence of associated chronic illnesses (17.6%), the presence of associated psychiatric disorder (18.3%) and intake of regular medications (18.3%). Depression and obesity are major health challenges worldwide. Many studies were done to assess the relationship between obesity and depression, but only a few were conducted in Saudi Arabia. This study was done to investigate this relationship. It will help raise awareness about the comorbidity of depression and obesity to address preventative and therapeutic measures.
Collapse
|
35
|
Qiu X, Miao J, Lan Y, Sun W, Li G, Pan C, Wang Y, Zhao X, Zhu Z, Zhu S. Artificial neural network and decision tree models of post-stroke depression at 3 months after stroke in patients with BMI ≥ 24. J Psychosom Res 2021; 150:110632. [PMID: 34624525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have shown that excess weight (including obesity and overweight) can increase the risk of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and other diseases, but there is no study on the incidence of post-stroke depression (PSD) and related factors in patients with excessive weight. The main purpose of this study was to find related factors of PSD at 3 months after stroke in patients with excessive weight and construct artificial neural network (ANN) and decision tree (DT) models. METHODS This is a prospective multicenter cohort study (Registration number: ChiCTR-ROC-17013993). Five hundred and three stroke patients with Body Mass Index(BMI) ≥ 24 were included in this study. The diagnostic criteria of PSD is according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-V) diagnostic criteria for depression due to other medical conditions and the HAMD-17 scores > 7 at 3 months after stroke was used as the primary endpoint. The χ2 test, Mann-Whitney U test or t-test were used to check for statistical significance. RESULTS Our study found that sleeping time < 5 h, CHD, physical exercise, BI score, N dimension(EPQ) and subjective support(SSRS) were associated with PSD in patients with excessive weight. Physical exercise(odd ratio [OR] = 0.49, p = 0.001, 95%CI [confidence interval]: 0.32-0.75) and BI score(OR = 0.99, p < 0.001, 95%CI: 0.98-0.99) were protective factors; sleeping time < 5 h(OR = 2.86, p < 0.001, 95%CI: 1.62-5.04), CHD(OR = 2.18, p = 0.018, 95%CI: 1.14-4.15), N dimension(OR = 1.08, p = 0.001, 95%CI: 1.03-1.13) and subjective support(OR = 1.04, p = 0.022, 95%CI: 1.01-1.07) were risk factors. CONCLUSION This study found several factors related to the occurrence of PSD at 3 months in patients with excessive weight. Meanwhile, ANN and DT models were constructed for clinicians to use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jinfeng Miao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yan Lan
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Wenzhe Sun
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Guo Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Chensheng Pan
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zhou Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Suiqiang Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Engemann K, Svenning JC, Arge L, Brandt J, Bruun MT, Didriksen M, Erikstrup C, Geels C, Hertel O, Horsdal HT, Kaspersen KA, Mikkelsen S, Mortensen PB, Nielsen KR, Ostrowski SR, Pedersen OB, Tsirogiannis C, Sabel CE, Sigsgaard T, Ullum H, Pedersen CB. A life course approach to understanding associations between natural environments and mental well-being for the Danish blood donor cohort. Health Place 2021; 72:102678. [PMID: 34610547 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Natural environments have been associated with mental health benefits, but globally access to these benefits is threatened by urban development and densification. However, it remains unclear how natural environments relate to mental health and how consistent the association is across populations. Here we use a life-course approach with a population consisting of 66 194 individuals from the Danish Blood Donor Study (DBDS) to investigate the association between green and blue space (e.g. parks and lakes) and self-evaluated mental well-being. Green and blue space was identified from remotely-sensed images from the Landsat program, while mental well-being was based on the mental component score (MCS) calculated using the 12-item short form health survey. We use multivariate linear regression models and logistic regression models to quantify the associations. We adjust for additional environmental (urbanization, and air pollution) and lifestyle factors (smoking, body mass index, socioeconomic status, and physical activity) and specifically evaluate the role of physical activity and air pollution as possible mediating factors. We found a positive association between the MCS and current and childhood green space, and a non-significant association for current and childhood blue space. Adjusting for environmental and the other factors attenuated the effect sizes indicating that a broad range of factors determine mental well-being. Physical activity and air pollution were both associated with the MCS as possible mediators of green space associations. In addition, the odds for successfully completing tasks', seeing others, and feeling less downhearted increased with higher levels of green space, and the odds of feeling calm increased with higher levels of blue space. In conclusion, we found support for an association between green and, to less degree, blue space and mental well-being throughout different life stages. In addition, we found a positive association with individual indicators of mental well-being such as being productive, feeling less downhearted and calmer, and being social. The healthy blood donor effect and the bias towards urban residency may explain why we found smaller effect sizes between green and blue space and mental well-being for this generally healthy and resourceful cohort compared to previous studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Engemann
- Section for Ecoinformatics & Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark; Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark; Centre for Integrated Register-based Research (CIRRAU), Aarhus University, 8210, Aarhus V, Denmark; Big Data Centre for Environment and Health (BERTHA), Aarhus University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Jens-Christian Svenning
- Section for Ecoinformatics & Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark; Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Lars Arge
- Center for Massive Data Algorithmics (MADALGO), Aarhus University, Department of Computer Science, Aarhus University, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Jørgen Brandt
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark; IClimate, Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Mie T Bruun
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Maria Didriksen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Christian Erikstrup
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health (BERTHA), Aarhus University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark; Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Camilla Geels
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Ole Hertel
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health (BERTHA), Aarhus University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark; Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Henriette Thisted Horsdal
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health (BERTHA), Aarhus University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark; National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus BSS, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University, 8210, Aarhus V, Denmark.
| | - Kathrine A Kaspersen
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health (BERTHA), Aarhus University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark; Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Susan Mikkelsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Preben Bo Mortensen
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus BSS, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University, 8210, Aarhus V, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus University, 8210, Aarhus V, Denmark.
| | - Kaspar R Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Sisse R Ostrowski
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Ole B Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark.
| | - Constantinos Tsirogiannis
- Center for Massive Data Algorithmics (MADALGO), Aarhus University, Department of Computer Science, Aarhus University, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Clive E Sabel
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health (BERTHA), Aarhus University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark; Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Torben Sigsgaard
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health (BERTHA), Aarhus University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark; Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Henrik Ullum
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Carsten Bøcker Pedersen
- Centre for Integrated Register-based Research (CIRRAU), Aarhus University, 8210, Aarhus V, Denmark; Big Data Centre for Environment and Health (BERTHA), Aarhus University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark; National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus BSS, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University, 8210, Aarhus V, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus University, 8210, Aarhus V, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Minhas M, Murphy CM, Balodis IM, Samokhvalov AV, MacKillop J. Food addiction in a large community sample of Canadian adults: prevalence and relationship with obesity, body composition, quality of life and impulsivity. Addiction 2021; 116:2870-2879. [PMID: 33843091 DOI: 10.1111/add.15446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Parallels between the persistent overconsumption of food and addictive drugs have given rise to the notion of food addiction. In a large community sample of Canadian adults, the current study examined the prevalence of food addiction and its relationship with obesity, quality of life and multiple indicators of impulsivity. A secondary goal was to analyze differences between obese and non-obese individuals with and without food addiction. DESIGN Cross-sectional in-person assessment. SETTING Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1432 community adults (age = mean ± standard deviation = 38.93 ± 13.7; 42% male) recruited from the general community using print, bus and internet advertisements. MEASUREMENTS Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0, anthropometrics (including body mass index), body composition (e.g. body fat, muscle mass, body water), World Health Organization Quality of Life scale and impulsivity measures, including impulsive personality traits, delay discounting and behavioral inhibition. FINDINGS The prevalence of food addiction was 9.3% and substantially below that of obesity (32.7%), although food addiction was significantly more common among obese individuals (18.5%, P < 0.001). Food addiction was associated with significantly lower quality of life in all domains (βs = -0.21 to -0.34, Ps < 0.001) and significantly higher impulsive personality traits, particularly negative and positive urgency (βs = 0.37 and 0.30, Ps < 0.001). Subgroup contrasts within both the obese and non-obese strata revealed that food addiction was associated with significantly lower quality of life in all domains (Ps < 0.001). Food addiction among non-obese individuals was also associated with higher body mass index (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION In a general community sample, food addiction was present in slightly fewer than one in 10 individuals, approximately one-third the prevalence of obesity, but with twice the prevalence among obese individuals. Food addiction appears to be associated with substantively lower quality of life and elevations in impulsivity, particularly in deficits in emotional regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meenu Minhas
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University and St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Cara M Murphy
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Iris M Balodis
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University and St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University and St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Homewood Research Institute, Guelph, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gilmore DG, Longo A, Hand BN. The Association Between Obesity and Key Health or Psychosocial Outcomes Among Autistic Adults: A Systematic Review. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 52:4035-4043. [PMID: 34524584 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is linked with health and psychosocial outcomes among many populations. However, it is unclear the extent to which obesity is linked with these outcomes among autistic adults. We searched seven research databases for articles examining the association between obesity and autistic adults' health and psychosocial outcomes. Three studies found that obesity was associated with health outcomes, including: in-hospital mortality, risk of type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and number of co-occurring medical conditions. One study found no significant association between autism diagnosis, mental health conditions, and body mass index. Obesity increases the risk of in-hospital mortality and some chronic conditions among autistic adults, highlighting the need for clinicians trained to promote weight management among autistic adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Gilmore
- The Ohio State University, 453 W 10th Ave, 228E Atwell Hall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Anne Longo
- The Ohio State University, 453 W 10th Ave, 228E Atwell Hall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Brittany N Hand
- The Ohio State University, 453 W 10th Ave, 228E Atwell Hall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Foshati S, Ghanizadeh A, Akhlaghi M. The effect of extra virgin olive oil on anthropometric indices, lipid profile, and markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with depression, a double-blind randomised controlled trial. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14254. [PMID: 33884713 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence suggests a mutual association between depression and obesity and also an anti-obesity effect for olive oil. We examined the effect of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on weight, waist circumference, and a number of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with depression. METHODS The randomised double-blind controlled trial was conducted on 62 patients with depression. Patients were randomly allocated to EVOO and sunflower oil groups (n = 31 for each) that consumed 25 mL/day of the corresponding oils for 52 days. An isocaloric diet was prescribed to each patient according to his/her previous energy intake with considering the energy provided by the administered oils. Weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood lipids, malondialdehyde, and hs-C reactive protein (CRP) analysis were performed using the intention-to-treat approach. RESULTS BMI was significantly decreased in sunflower oil group (-0.20 ± 0.53 kg/m2 , P = .047) and waist circumference was significantly decreased in EVOO group (-2.15 ± 2.09 cm, P < .001); however, only reduction of waist circumference was significantly different between groups (P < .001). High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was significantly increased in EVOO group (3.02 ± 6.79 mg/dL, P = .03), without showing a significant between-group difference. Other lipids, malondialdehyde, and hs-CRP did not change. CONCLUSION Overall, the results suggest that both EVOO and sunflower oil may benefit overweight patients with depression, as they respectively decreased waist circumference and BMI without need for administration of a low-calorie diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Foshati
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Psychiatry, UCLA-Kern Psychiatry Residency Program, Kern Medical, Bakersfield, CA, USA
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Najafipour H, Shahrokhabadi MS, Banivaheb G, Sabahi A, Shadkam M, Mirzazadeh A. Trends in the prevalence and incidence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in Iran: findings from KERCADRS. Fam Med Community Health 2021; 9:fmch-2021-000937. [PMID: 34215671 PMCID: PMC8256739 DOI: 10.1136/fmch-2021-000937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Anxiety and depression (A&D) are common mental disorders with high economical and health burdens. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and the incidence rate of A&D symptoms and their relationship with sociodemographic and other risk factors and comorbidities in adults living in southeastern Iran. DESIGN A population-based cohort study with random cluster household survey sampling method. SETTING Second round of Kerman Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors Study (KERCADRS) (2014-2018) performed in Southeastern, Iran. PARTICIPANTS We recruited 9997 participants (15-80 years) in the second round of the study, from whom 2820 persons were the people who also participated in the first round of KERCADRS in 2009-2012. The age-standardised A&D prevalence was measured among all participants, and the 5-year A&D incidence rate was measured in those who were free from A&D in the first round in 2009-2012 and were at risk of A&D in the follow-up. The relationship between A&D and demographic characteristics, smoking, opium use, obesity and physical activity was assessed by logistic regression models. RESULTS Overall, the prevalence of anxiety (48.1% to 16.4%, p<0.001) and depression (5.9% to 1.3%, p<0.001) decreased between the two rounds. The highest prevalence of anxiety was among widowed (31.4%), unemployed (21.3%), obese (19.4%), and opium users (17.4%). Young adults, women, those divorced or widowed, and those with obesity and low physical activity had a higher chance of developing anxiety. The 5-year incidence rate (person/1000 person-years) was 15.0 for anxiety and 3.9 for depression. CONCLUSION Despite the overall decrease in the prevalence of A&D symptoms in last 5 years in the area, young adults, women, unemployed, opium users, people with low physical activity and those with obesity had a higher chance of developing anxiety and are in need of more targeted interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Najafipour
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Ghodsyeh Banivaheb
- Department of Psychiatry and Physiology Research center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Sabahi
- Department of Psychiatry and Physiology Research center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mitra Shadkam
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Mirzazadeh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Attitudinal Acceptance of Intimate Partner Violence and Mental Health Outcomes for Female Survivors in Sub-Saharan Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18105099. [PMID: 34065818 PMCID: PMC8150836 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
While current literature evidences a strong association between gender-based violence exposure and adverse mental health outcomes, few studies have explored how attitudinal acceptance of intimate partner violence (IPV) might impact this relationship. This analysis employed data from 13–24-year-old females as part of the Violence Against Children Surveys in Nigeria, Uganda, and Malawi. Mental health status, defined by the Kessler Screening Scale for Psychological Distress, and suicide ideation served as outcome measures. Predictors of interest included lifetime experiences of IPV and attitudinal acceptance of IPV. Country-stratified logistic and ordinary least squares regressions were used to predict outcomes and included interactions between violence exposure and attitudinal acceptance of IPV. Violence exposure was associated with increased symptoms of mental distress and increased suicide ideation in all countries. Among those who experienced IPV, exhibiting attitudinal acceptance of IPV was associated with improved mental health in Nigeria and Malawi. IPV tolerance conferred lower odds of suicide ideation following IPV exposure in Nigeria. The findings suggest that programs aiming to reduce attitudinal acceptance of IPV must consider how these changes may interact with women’s exposure to IPV.
Collapse
|
42
|
Eslampour E, Moodi V, Asbaghi O, Ghaedi E, Shirinbakhshmasoleh M, Hadi A, Miraghajani M. The effect of almond intake on anthropometric indices: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Food Funct 2021; 11:7340-7355. [PMID: 32857083 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00470g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to summarize the effect of almond intake on anthropometric indices in adult subjects. We searched PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases until January 2020 to identify relevant RCTs. Data were reported as weighted mean differences (WMDs) and standard deviations (SDs) to show the magnitude of effects of almond on body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass (FFM). Out of 2983 reports, 28 RCTs (37 arms) were eligible for including in our meta-analysis. The pooled results, obtained using a random-effects model, showed that almond intake significantly decreased BW (WMD: -0.38 kg, 95% CI: -0.65, -0.10, p = 0.007, I2 = 30.5%) and FM (WMD: -0.58 kg, 95% CI: -0.87, -0.28, p < 0.001, I2 = 4.9%). However, we found no significant effect of almond administration on BMI (WMD: -0.30 kg m-2, 95% CI: -0.67, 0.06, p = 0.101, I2 = 62.6%), WC (WMD: -0.60 cm, 95% CI: -1.28, 0.06, p = 0.078, I2 = 0.0%), and FFM (WMD: 0.23 kg, 95% CI: -0.04, 0.50, p = 0.097, I2 = 49.5%). Overall, the current meta-analysis demonstrated that resveratrol almond intake significantly reduced weight and FM, but did not affect BMI, WC, and FFM. Further studies are still required to confirm our results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Eslampour
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Vihan Moodi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran and Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ghaedi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran and Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Hadi
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Miraghajani
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. and The Early Life Research Unit, Academic Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Nottingham Digestive Disease Centre and Biomedical Research Centre, The School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Melton PA, Sims OT, Oh H, Truong DN, Atim K, Simon C. African American Ethnicity, Hypertension, Diabetes, and Arthritis Independently Predict Co-occurring Depression and Obesity among Community-dwelling Older Adult Alabamians. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 36:344-353. [PMID: 33685384 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2021.1895019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although obesity and depression are quite common among older adults, surprisingly published literature has not examined factors associated with co-occurring depression and obesity among older adults. The knowledge that fills this gap would be advantageous for public health social workers and other health professionals who provide health care and public health services to older adults. The objectives of this study were to access the prevalence of and independent predictors of co-occurring depression and obesity among older adults in the state of Alabama. A retrospective analysis was conducted using a statewide survey of Alabamian community-dwelling older adults (n = 1,166). Binomial logistic regression was used to examine predictors of co-occurring depression and obesity. The prevalence of co-occurring depression and obesity among older adults was 16%. In the multivariate analysis, African American ethnicity (OR = 1.505, CI: 1.019-2.223), hypertension (OR = 1.593, CI: 1.050-2.416), diabetes (OR = 1.768, CI: 1.188-2.632), and arthritis (OR = 1.640, CI: 1.096-2.454) were positively associated with co-occurring depression and obesity). Older age (OR = 0.963, CI: 0.942-0.985) and higher levels of physical activity (OR = 1.640, CI: 1.096-2.454) were negatively associated with co-occurring depression and obesity. There is a need for the development and implementation of suitable interventions to prevent and manage co-occurring depression and obesity among older adults, particularly older adults with arthritis, hypertension, diabetes, or of African American ethnicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela A Melton
- School of Social Work, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Omar T Sims
- Department of Social Work, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Integrative Center for Healthy Aging, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Center for AIDS Research, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Division of Prevention Science, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hyejung Oh
- Department of Social Work, School of Social Sciences & Education, California State University Bakersfield, Bakersfield, California, USA
| | - Duong N Truong
- Department of Social Work, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Health Care Organization and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Collat School of Business, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Kasey Atim
- Department of Social Work, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Cassandra Simon
- School of Social Work, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chenji S, Cox E, Jaworska N, Swansburg RM, MacMaster FP. Body mass index and variability in hippocampal volume in youth with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2021; 282:415-425. [PMID: 33422817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hippocampus has been implicated in major depressive disorder (MDD), in both adults and youth. However, possible sources of variability for the hippocampus have not been well delineated. Here, we explored the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and hippocampal volume in youth with MDD. METHODS Twenty-two controls (9 male, 13 female, 12-24 years), 24 youth with MDD and normal BMI (12 male, 12 female, 14-24 years), and 20 youth with MDD and high BMI (14 male, 6 female, 13-22 years) underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Hippocampal volume was determined through manual tracing of high-resolution anatomical T1 scans, and LCModel quantified neurochemical concentrations. Intracranial volume was used as a covariate in analysis to control for effects of brain volume on hippocampus. RESULTS In youth with MDD and normal BMI, right hippocampal volume was reduced (p = 0.006, Bonferroni) and a trend for reduced left hippocampal volume was noted when compared to healthy controls (p = 0.054, Bonferroni). Left hippocampal volumes were negatively associated with BMI in youth with MDD and high BMI group (r = -0.593, p = 0.006). No associations were found between the right hippocampus and BMI and there were no group differences for metabolite concentrations. LIMITATIONS Larger sample sizes would enable researchers to explore overweight vs obese groups and effect of sex in MDD-BMI groups. CONCLUSIONS BMI may account for some of the variability observed in previous studies of hippocampal volume in MDD, and therefore BMI impacts should be considered in future analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Chenji
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Emily Cox
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Natalia Jaworska
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rose M Swansburg
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Frank P MacMaster
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Addictions and Mental Health Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yusufov M, Kopeski LM, Silverman AL, Björgvinsson T. Associations of Body Weight and Waist Circumference with Psychopathology, Substance Use, and Well-Being in an Adult Transdiagnostic Sample. J Affect Disord 2021; 281:279-288. [PMID: 33341010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior studies have established inconsistent associations between body weight and mental health. However, most work has relied on body mass index (BMI) and examination of a single mental health variable. The present study examined associations of BMI and waist circumference with multiple mental health variables in a transdiagnostic psychiatric sample. METHODS Nursing staff measured waist circumference and calculated the BMI of 742 adults (54.6% female, 45.4% male) presenting for psychiatric treatment. Participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), Behavior and Symptom Identification Scale (BASIS-24), and Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) as part of standard clinical monitoring. Suicide risk was assessed using the clinician-administered Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.). For curve fit estimation regression models, we entered BMI and waist circumference as independent variables separately; we entered seven dependent variables separately: 1) depression, 2) anxiety, 3) substance use, 4) self-harm, 5) interpersonal functioning, 6) well-being, and 7) suicide risk. RESULTS Increased BMI was associated with decreased well-being and increased depression. Increased waist circumference was associated with worse interpersonal functioning. Non-linear (quadratic) associations were observed between weight and depression, substance use, self-harm, and suicide. LIMITATIONS Most of the sample was White and only 2.6% was in the underweight category, limiting broad applicability of findings. Cross-sectional design precludes causal attributions. CONCLUSIONS Given associations between well-being, depression, interpersonal functioning, substance use, self-harm, and suicide with weight, findings may be used to inform mental health treatment, particularly by tailoring interventions to high-risk weight categories (underweight, obese) in psychiatric populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miryam Yusufov
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Psychosocial Oncology & Palliative Care, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215; McLean Hospital, Behavioral Health Partial Program, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478; Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA 02115.
| | - Lynne M Kopeski
- McLean Hospital, Behavioral Health Partial Program, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478
| | | | - Thröstur Björgvinsson
- McLean Hospital, Behavioral Health Partial Program, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478; Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA 02115
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Dachew BA, Ayano G, Betts K, Alati R. The impact of pre-pregnancy BMI on maternal depressive and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy and the postpartum period: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2021; 281:321-330. [PMID: 33341015 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have reported conflicting results on the association between maternal pre-pregnancy weight and adverse mental health outcomes during pregnancy and the postpartum period. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to provide the current state of evidence concerning the association between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and the risk of antenatal and postnatal depressive and anxiety symptoms. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched from their inception through August 31, 2020. Observational studies assessing the association between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and risk of depression and/anxiety during pregnancy and the postpartum period were included. We used random-and quality-effects meta-analyses to estimate risks. Subgroup, sensitivity and meta-regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Pre-pregnancy obesity was associated with a 33% increased risk of antenatal depressive symptoms (pooled OR = 1.33 [95% CI; 1.20-1.48]). The pooled ORs for the association between underweight, overweight and obesity and postnatal depressive symptoms were 1.71 [95% CI; 1.27 - 2.31], 1.14 [95% CI; 1.0 - 1.30] and 1.39 [95% CI; 1.23 - 1.57], respectively. Low to moderate level of between-study heterogeneity was noted. The association between pre-pregnancy BMI and perinatal anxiety symptoms remain uncertain. CONCLUSIONS Pre-pregnancy obesity was associated with an increased risk of maternal depressive symptoms both in pregnancy and the postpartum period. The findings suggest that women with both high and low pre-pregnancy weight may benefit from receiving mental health screening and interventions during prenatal care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berihun Assefa Dachew
- School of Public health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Getinet Ayano
- School of Public health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia; Research and Training Department, Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kim Betts
- School of Public health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Rosa Alati
- School of Public health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia; Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Raina J, El-Messidi A, Badeghiesh A, Tulandi T, Nguyen TV, Suarthana E. Pregnancy hypertension and its association with maternal anxiety and mood disorders: A population-based study of 9 million pregnancies. J Affect Disord 2021; 281:533-538. [PMID: 33388464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on whether anxiety or mood disorders increases the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) has been conflicting. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of maternal mental disorders over time and their associations with HDP. METHODS This was a population-based retrospective study involving 9,097,355 pregnant women using Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS) data from 2004 through 2014. We calculated the prevalence of maternal anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder and mood disorder and trends of gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and eclampsia during the study period. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between each mental disorder and HDP. RESULTS Mental disorders showed increasing trends among pregnant women, with anxiety showing the greatest increase in rates. Unadjusted associations suggest all mental disorders increase the likelihood of HDP. When adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidities, only anxiety showed consistently increased risk of gestational hypertension (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.324, 95% CI 1.255-1.397), preeclampsia (aOR 1.522, 95% CI 1.444-1.604), with the strongest association with eclampsia (aOR 1.813, 95% CI 1.260-2.610). LIMITATIONS Information on medication use is not available in the HCUP-NIS database and might have been contributory to our findings. CONCLUSIONS Rates of maternal psychopathology are rising in the United States. Our study suggests that pregnant women with anxiety are at increased risk of HDP. Targeted screening for mental disorders as possible clinical risk markers may allow for timely prophylaxis and surveillance for the development of HDP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Raina
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Amira El-Messidi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ahmad Badeghiesh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Togas Tulandi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Tuong-Vi Nguyen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Eva Suarthana
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Antiobesity Effect of a Novel Herbal Formulation LI85008F in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6612996. [PMID: 33628302 PMCID: PMC7886504 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6612996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A variety of natural products have been explored for their antiobesity potential and widely used to develop dietary supplements for the prevention of weight gain from excess body fat. In an attempt to find a natural antiobesity agent, this study was designed to evaluate the antiobesity activity of a novel herbal formulation LI85008F composed of extracts from three medicinal plants in high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obese mice. After the thirteen-week oral administration of the test materials to mice, the body weight gain, whole-body fat mass, adipose tissue weight, and the expression levels of obesity-related proteins were measured. Our results indicated that LI85008F can suppress body weight gain and lower whole-body fat mass in HFD-induced obese mice. Significant decreases in epididymal and retroperitoneal fat mass were observed in LI85008F-treated groups compared with the HFD-fed control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the oral administration of LI85008F caused significant decreases in the expression level of adipogenic (C/EBPα and PPARγ) and lipogenic (ACC) markers and notable increases in the production level of thermogenetic (AMPKα, PGC1α and UCP1) and lipolytic (HSL) proteins. These findings suggest that LI85008F holds great promise for a novel herbal formulation with antiobesity activities, preventing body fat accumulation and altering lipid metabolism.
Collapse
|
49
|
Buratta L, Pazzagli C, Delvecchio E, Cenci G, Germani A, Mazzeschi C. Personality Features in Obesity. Front Psychol 2021; 11:530425. [PMID: 33519568 PMCID: PMC7840523 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.530425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a widespread and broadly consequential health condition associated with numerous medical complications that could increase mortality rates. As personality concerned individual's patterns of feeling, behavior, and thinking, it may help in understanding how people with obesity differ from people with normal-weight status in their typical weight-relevant behavior. So far, studies about personality and BMI associations have mainly focused on broad personality traits. The main purpose of this study was to explore the personality and health associations among a clinical group composed of 46 outpatients with overweight/obesity (mean age = 55.83; SD = 12.84) in comparison to a healthy control group that included 46 subjects (mean age = 54.96; SD = 12.60). Both the clinical and control groups were composed of 14 males and 32 females. Several personality and psychopathological aspects were assessed with the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI). The results of the analysis of variance of aligned rank transformed (ART) showed that patients with overweight/obesity reported higher scores for Somatic Complaints, Depression, and Borderline Features than the control group. Logistic regression highlighted specifically that the subscales of the Borderline Features assessing the Negative Relationship contributed to the increased risk of belonging to the clinical group. For the purpose of this study, the role of gender was considered. The present findings highlight the importance of focusing on assessing personality functioning in the health context and on specific characteristics of interpersonal relationships to promote more tailored treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Livia Buratta
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences, Humanities and Education, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Healthy Lifestyle Institute, Centro Universitario Ricerca Interdipartimentale Attività Motoria (CURIAMO), University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Chiara Pazzagli
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences, Humanities and Education, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Healthy Lifestyle Institute, Centro Universitario Ricerca Interdipartimentale Attività Motoria (CURIAMO), University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elisa Delvecchio
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences, Humanities and Education, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giulia Cenci
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences, Humanities and Education, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Germani
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences, Humanities and Education, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Claudia Mazzeschi
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences, Humanities and Education, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Healthy Lifestyle Institute, Centro Universitario Ricerca Interdipartimentale Attività Motoria (CURIAMO), University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Deledda G, Riccardi N, Gori S, Poli S, Giansante M, Geccherle E, Mazzi C, Silva R, Desantis N, Giovannetti AM, Solari A, Confalonieri P, Grazzi L, Sarcletti E, Biffa G, Biagio AD, Sestito C, Keim R, Gangi Hermis AMRD, Mazzoldi M, Failo A, Scaglione A, Faldetta N, Dorangricchia P, Moschetto M, Soto Parra HJ, Faietti J, Profio AD, Rusconi S, Giacomelli A, Marchioretto F, Alongi F, Marchetta A, Molon G, Bisoffi Z, Angheben A. The Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak on the Psychological Flexibility and Behaviour of Cancelling Medical Appointments of Italian Patients with Pre-Existing Medical Condition: The "ImpACT-COVID-19 for Patients" Multi-Centre Observational Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:E340. [PMID: 33466374 PMCID: PMC7794735 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Psychological distress imposed by the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak particularly affects patients with pre-existing medical conditions, and the progression of their diseases. Patients who fail to keep scheduled medical appointments experience a negative impact on care. The aim of this study is to investigate the psychosocial factors contributing to the cancellation of medical appointments during the pandemic by patients with pre-existing health conditions. Data were collected in eleven Italian hospitals during the last week of lockdown, and one month later. In order to assess the emotional impact of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and the subject's degree of psychological flexibility, we developed an ad hoc questionnaire (ImpACT), referring to the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) model. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) and the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ) were also used. Pervasive dysfunctional use of experiential avoidance behaviours (used with the function to avoid thought, emotions, sensations), feelings of loneliness and high post-traumatic stress scores were found to correlate with the fear of COVID-19, increasing the likelihood of cancelling medical appointments. Responding promptly to the information and psychological needs of patients who cancel medical appointments can have positive effects in terms of psychological and physical health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Deledda
- Clinical Psychology Unit, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, Italy; (S.P.); (M.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Niccolò Riccardi
- Department of Infectious—Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, Italy; (N.R.); (Z.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Stefania Gori
- Oncology Department, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, 37024 Verona, Italy;
| | - Sara Poli
- Clinical Psychology Unit, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, Italy; (S.P.); (M.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Matteo Giansante
- Clinical Psychology Unit, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, Italy; (S.P.); (M.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Eleonora Geccherle
- Clinical Psychology Unit, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, Italy; (S.P.); (M.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Cristina Mazzi
- Clinical Research Unit, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, Italy; (C.M.); (R.S.); (N.D.)
| | - Ronaldo Silva
- Clinical Research Unit, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, Italy; (C.M.); (R.S.); (N.D.)
| | - Nicoletta Desantis
- Clinical Research Unit, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, Italy; (C.M.); (R.S.); (N.D.)
| | - Ambra Mara Giovannetti
- Unit of Neuroepidemiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20145 Milan, Italy; (A.M.G.); (A.S.)
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Neuroimmunology Unit, Clinical Neurology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20145 Milan, Italy;
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072 QLD, Australia
| | - Alessandra Solari
- Unit of Neuroepidemiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20145 Milan, Italy; (A.M.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Paolo Confalonieri
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Neuroimmunology Unit, Clinical Neurology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20145 Milan, Italy;
| | - Licia Grazzi
- Headache Center, Neurology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20145 Milan, Italy;
| | - Elena Sarcletti
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (E.S.); (G.B.)
| | - Gabriella Biffa
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (E.S.); (G.B.)
| | - Antonio Di Biagio
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, Policlinico San Martino Hospital-IRCCS, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Carlo Sestito
- Service of Psycho Oncology, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Crotone, 88900 Crotone, Italy;
| | - Roland Keim
- General Hospital Bressanone, Azienda Sanitaria dell’Alto Adige, Bressanone, 39042 Bolzano, Italy; (R.K.); (A.M.R.D.G.H.)
| | - Alida M. R. Di Gangi Hermis
- General Hospital Bressanone, Azienda Sanitaria dell’Alto Adige, Bressanone, 39042 Bolzano, Italy; (R.K.); (A.M.R.D.G.H.)
| | - Mariantonietta Mazzoldi
- General Hospital Bolzano Azienda Sanitaria dell’Alto Adige, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (M.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Alessandro Failo
- General Hospital Bolzano Azienda Sanitaria dell’Alto Adige, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (M.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Anna Scaglione
- CFU-Italia ODV (Fybromyalgia Association), Castenaso, 40085 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Naida Faldetta
- Department of Oncoplastic Surgery of Breast Unit. V. Cervello Hospital, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.F.); (P.D.)
| | - Patrizia Dorangricchia
- Department of Oncoplastic Surgery of Breast Unit. V. Cervello Hospital, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.F.); (P.D.)
| | - Maria Moschetto
- Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.) Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.M.); (H.J.S.P.)
| | - Hector Josè Soto Parra
- Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.) Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.M.); (H.J.S.P.)
| | - Jennifer Faietti
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Salus Hospital GVM Care & Research, 42123 Regio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Anna Di Profio
- Clinical Oncology Unit, S.S. Annunziata Hospital, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Stefano Rusconi
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC) Luigi Sacco, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Andrea Giacomelli
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC) Luigi Sacco, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Fabio Marchioretto
- Neurological Unit, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, Italy;
| | - Filippo Alongi
- Advanced Radiation Oncology Department, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, Italy;
- University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonio Marchetta
- Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, Italy;
| | - Giulio Molon
- Cardiology Deparment, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, Italy;
| | - Zeno Bisoffi
- Department of Infectious—Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, Italy; (N.R.); (Z.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Andrea Angheben
- Department of Infectious—Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, 37024 Verona, Italy; (N.R.); (Z.B.); (A.A.)
| |
Collapse
|