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Zhu Z, Yu M, Xu M, Ji X, Zong X, Zhang Z, Shang W, Zhang L, Fang P. Baicalin suppresses macrophage JNK-mediated adipose tissue inflammation to mitigate insulin resistance in obesity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 332:118355. [PMID: 38762213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Radix scutellariae (the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used to treat a wide range of inflammation-related diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, diabetic kidney disease, and COVID-19-associated inflammatory states in the lung and kidney. Baicalin is the major anti-inflammatory component of Radix scutellariae and has shown the potential to inhibit inflammation in metabolic disorders. In this study, we explored the ability and underlying mechanisms of baicalin to modulate the macrophage to mitigate insulin resistance in obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Obese mice were administered baicalin (50 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally for 3 weeks. RAW264.7 and BMDM cells were stimulated with LPS and treated with baicalin for 24 h, while 3T3-L1 and primary white adipocytes were treated with the supernatants from baicalin-treated RAW264.7 cells for 24 h. RESULTS The results showed that baicalin significantly improved glucose and insulin tolerance as well as decreased fat and adipose tissue macrophage levels in obese mice. Besides, baicalin significantly reduced serum and adipose tissue IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 levels in obese mice, as well as suppressed LPS-induced IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 expression and release in macrophages. Furthermore, treatment with the supernatant from baicalin-treated RAW264.7 cells increased the levels of PGC-1α, SIRT1, p-IRS-1 and p-AKT in adipocytes. Moreover, baicalin treatment dramatically downregulated macrophage p-p38, p-JNK, and Ac-p65Lys310 levels while increasing SIRT1 both in vivo and in vitro. Importantly, JNK inhibitor SP600125 blocked most of the effects of baicalin on SIRT1, Ac-p65Lys310 and pro-inflammatory factors in macrophages. CONCLUSION Therefore, these results demonstrated for the first time that baicalin exerts its anti-inflammatory effects in obese adipose tissue macrophages mainly through suppressing JNK/SIRT1/p65 signaling. These findings amplified the mechanisms of baicalin and its potential to attenuate insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Mengfan Xu
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xin Ji
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, China
| | - Xicui Zong
- Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Zhenwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, China.
| | - Wenbin Shang
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, 225300, China.
| | - Penghua Fang
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Mitra A, Das A, Ghosh S, Sarkar S, Bandyopadhyay D, Gangopadhyay S, Chattopadhyay S. Metformin instigates cellular autophagy to ameliorate high-fat diet-induced pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis/EMT in mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167313. [PMID: 38901652 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pancreatic dysfunction is frequently observed as a consequence of prolonged high-fat diet consumption and is a serious public health concern. This pro-diabetic insult aggravates inflammation-influenced fibrotic lesions and is associated with deregulated autophagy. Metformin, a conventional anti-hyperglycemic drug, might be beneficial for pancreatic health, but the complex molecular regulations are not clarified. Considering the worldwide prevalence of chronic pancreatic dysfunction in obese individuals, we aimed to unwind the molecular intricacies explaining the involvement of oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis and to approbate metformin as a plausible intervention in this crossroad. MAIN METHODS Age-matched Swiss Albino mice were exposed to high-fat diet (60 kcal%) against control diet (10 kcal%) to establish diet-induced stress model. Metformin treatment was introduced after 4 weeks to metformin-control and HFD-exposed metformin groups. After 8 weeks, metabolic and molecular outcomes were assessed to establish the impact of metformin on chronic consequences of HFD-mediated injury. KEY FINDINGS High-fat diet administration to healthy mice primes oxidative stress-mediated chronic inflammation through Nrf2/Keap1/NF-κB interplay. Besides, pro-inflammatory cytokine bias leading to fibrotic (increased TGF-β, α-SMA, and MMP9) and pro-EMT (Twist1, Slug, Vimentin, E-cadherin) repercussions in pancreatic lobules were evident. Metformin distinctly rescues high-fat diet-induced remodeling of pancreatic pro-diabetic alterations and cellular survival/death switch. Further, metformin abrogates the p62-Twist1 crosstalk in an autophagy-dependent manner (elevated beclin1, LC3-II/I, Lamp2) to restore pancreatic homeostasis. CONCLUSION Our research validates the therapeutic potential of metformin in the inflammation-fibrosis nexus to ameliorate high-fat diet-induced pancreatic dysfunction and related metabolic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankan Mitra
- Department of Physiology, University College of Science, Technology and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Ankur Das
- Department of Physiology, University College of Science, Technology and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Sourav Ghosh
- Department of Physiology, University College of Science, Technology and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Swaimanti Sarkar
- Department of Physiology, University College of Science, Technology and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Debasish Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, University College of Science, Technology and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Somnath Gangopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, University College of Science, Technology and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Sreya Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, University College of Science, Technology and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India; Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700098, West Bengal, India.
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Liu T, Liu CA, Wei YP, Song MM, Zhang Q, Song Y, Chen P, Liu LS, Wang BY, Shi HP. Deciphering the folate puzzle: Unraveling the impact of genetic variations and metabolites on cancer risk. Int J Cancer 2024; 155:1225-1236. [PMID: 38783579 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.35043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The C677T polymorphism in the MTHFR gene and its role in folate metabolism, impacting serum folate metabolites like THF and 5-MTHF, is a critical but underexplored area in cancer research. This nested case-control study utilized data from CHHRS, involving 87,492 hypertensive adults without prior cancer. During a median of 2.02 years, we identified 1332 cancer cases and matched controls based on age, sex, and residency. Serum levels of folate, THF, and 5-MTHF were measured, and the MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism was considered. Statistical analyses included restricted cubic spline regression and conditional logistic regression models. Serum THF levels were inversely associated with overall cancer risk (ORper SD = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.82-0.99), while 5-MTHF levels showed a negative association in the general cohort (ORQ3 vs. Q1 = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.60-0.96; ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.58-0.98) and in individuals with MTHFR C677T (CC + CT) polymorphism (ORper SD = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.77-0.99; ORQ4 VS. Q1 = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.61-0.98), but a positive association in the MTHFR C677T (TT) subgroup (ORper SD = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.02-3.72; ORQ4 VS. Q1 = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.06-8.21). The impact of folate, THF, and 5-MTHF on cancer risk varied significantly across different cancer types and MTHFR C677T genotypes. This study provides novel insights into the variable effects of folate and its metabolites on cancer risk, influenced by genetic factors like the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and cancer type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen-An Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Ping Wei
- College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Meng Song
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yun Song
- College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Shenzhen Evergreen Medical Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li-Shun Liu
- Shenzhen Evergreen Medical Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin-Yan Wang
- Shenzhen Evergreen Medical Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Han-Ping Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Wu Q, Yuan LW, Yang LC, Zhang YW, Yao HC, Peng LX, Yao BJ, Jiang ZX. Role of gut microbiota in Crohn's disease pathogenesis: Insights from fecal microbiota transplantation in mouse model. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:3689-3704. [PMID: 39193000 PMCID: PMC11346162 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i31.3689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease, particularly Crohn's disease (CD), has been associated with alterations in mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) and the phenomenon termed "creeping fat". Histopathological evaluations showed that MAT and intestinal tissues were significantly altered in patients with CD, with these tissues characterized by inflammation and fibrosis. AIM To evaluate the complex interplay among MAT, creeping fat, inflammation, and gut microbiota in CD. METHODS Intestinal tissue and MAT were collected from 12 patients with CD. Histological manifestations and protein expression levels were analyzed to determine lesion characteristics. Fecal samples were collected from five recently treated CD patients and five control subjects and transplanted into mice. The intestinal and mesenteric lesions in these mice, as well as their systemic inflammatory status, were assessed and compared in mice transplanted with fecal samples from CD patients and control subjects. RESULTS Pathological examination of MAT showed significant differences between CD-affected and unaffected colons, including significant differences in gut microbiota structure. Fetal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from clinically healthy donors into mice with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced CD ameliorated CD symptoms, whereas FMT from CD patients into these mice exacerbated CD symptoms. Notably, FMT influenced intestinal permeability, barrier function, and levels of proinflammatory factors and adipokines. Furthermore, FMT from CD patients intensified fibrotic changes in the colon tissues of mice with TNBS-induced CD. CONCLUSION Gut microbiota play a critical role in the histopathology of CD. Targeting MAT and creeping fat may therefore have potential in the treatment of patients with CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wu
- Geriatric Surgery of Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lian-Wen Yuan
- Geriatric Surgery of Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Li-Chao Yang
- Geriatric Surgery of Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ya-Wei Zhang
- Geriatric Surgery of Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Heng-Chang Yao
- Geriatric Surgery of Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Liang-Xin Peng
- Geriatric Surgery of Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Bao-Jia Yao
- Geriatric Surgery of Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Xian Jiang
- Geriatric Surgery of Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
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Momen YS, Mishra J, Kumar N. Brain-Gut and Microbiota-Gut-Brain Communication in Type-2 Diabetes Linked Alzheimer's Disease. Nutrients 2024; 16:2558. [PMID: 39125436 PMCID: PMC11313915 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract, home to the largest microbial population in the human body, plays a crucial role in overall health through various mechanisms. Recent advancements in research have revealed the potential implications of gut-brain and vice-versa communication mediated by gut-microbiota and their microbial products in various diseases including type-2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is the most common type of dementia where most of cases are sporadic with no clearly identified cause. However, multiple factors are implicated in the progression of sporadic AD which can be classified as non-modifiable (e.g., genetic) and modifiable (e.g. Type-2 diabetes, diet etc.). Present review focusses on key players particularly the modifiable factors such as Type-2 diabetes (T2D) and diet and their implications in microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) and brain-gut (BG) communication and cognitive functions of healthy brain and their dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease. Special emphasis has been given on elucidation of the mechanistic aspects of the impact of diet on gut-microbiota and the implications of some of the gut-microbial products in T2D and AD pathology. For example, mechanistically, HFD induces gut dysbiosis with driven metabolites that in turn cause loss of integrity of intestinal barrier with concomitant colonic and systemic chronic low-grade inflammation, associated with obesity and T2D. HFD-induced obesity and T2D parallel neuroinflammation, deposition of Amyloid β (Aβ), and ultimately cognitive impairment. The review also provides a new perspective of the impact of diet on brain-gut and microbiota-gut-brain communication in terms of transcription factors as a commonly spoken language that may facilitates the interaction between gut and brain of obese diabetic patients who are at a higher risk of developing cognitive impairment and AD. Other commonality such as tyrosine kinase expression and functions maintaining intestinal integrity on one hand and the phagocytic clarence by migratory microglial functions in brain are also discussed. Lastly, the characterization of the key players future research that might shed lights on novel potential pharmacological target to impede AD progression are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Narendra Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ILR College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA
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Tung KTS, Tsang HW, Ngo U, Wong RS, Chow CHY, Tso WHY, Yam JCS, Chan GCF, Ip P. A systematic review on the applicability of cell-free DNA level as an obesity biomarker. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13765. [PMID: 38770721 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Obesity has become a global health concern in recent decades. Utilizing biomarkers presents a promising approach to comprehensively monitor the progress of obesity and its associated health conditions. This review aims to synthesize the available evidence on the correlation between cfDNA level and obesity and to provide insights into the applicability of using cfDNA level as a tool for monitoring progression of obesity. Searches were performed in PubMed and Embase on April 1, 2022. Data and other relevant information were extracted and compiled into a structured table for further analysis. Among 1170 articles screened, 11 articles were included in this review and assessed qualitatively. The results demonstrated that existing evidence mainly focused on three populations, including healthy individuals, cancer patients and pregnant women. Majority of the studies on healthy individuals identified a significant association between cfDNA level and body weight status but not among cancer patients. Varying results were observed among pregnant women at different gestational trimesters. Our review summarized some preliminary evidence on the association between cfDNA level and obesity. More cohort studies in larger scale with comprehensive assessment have to be conducted to examine the applicability of cfDNA as a biomarker for severity and disease progression of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith T S Tung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hing Wai Tsang
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ulrike Ngo
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rosa S Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Special Education and Counselling (SEC), The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Clare H Y Chow
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Winnie H Y Tso
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jason C S Yam
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Godfrey C F Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Patrick Ip
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Zeng Y, Piao Y. Association Analysis of Dietary Inflammatory Index and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Database. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2024; 132:453-462. [PMID: 38663436 DOI: 10.1055/a-2293-7983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study focused on the association of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS Data from two cycles of NHANES (2007-2010) were analyzed. Weighted logistic regression models were constructed to explore the relationship between DII and GDM. Stratified and subgroup analyses with adjustment for confounding factors were carried out to explore the association between DII and GDM. Mediation analysis was conducted to investigate potential mediating factors. RESULTS A total of 1,421 samples were analyzed. Based on the weighted logistic regression model, a strong positive association was observed between DII score and GDM risk (OR: 1.14, 95%CI: 1.02-1.26, P<0.01), suggesting that a pro-inflammatory diet could considerably increase the likelihood of GDM occurrence. This positive association was particularly significant in populations who consume alcohol (OR:1.17, 95%CI: 1.03-1.34, P<0.01) and have a body mass index>30 kg/m² (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.01-1.38, P<0.05). Mediation analysis indicated that the white blood cell count mediated the association between DII and GDM, with an indirect effect of 0.000828 (95% CI: 0.000226-0.001347, P=0.001) and a mediation proportion of 8.01%. Specifically, the neutrophil count as a component contributed to this mediation effect (0.000774, 95% CI: 0.00014-0.001063, P=0.001), with a mediation proportion of 7.59%. CONCLUSION A pro-inflammatory diet in women elevates the likelihood of GDM occurrence. An anti-inflammatory dietary pattern may be a protective intervention for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Zeng
- Department of Obstetric, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311200, China
| | - Yina Piao
- Department of Obstetric, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311200, China
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Zhang L, Zhang L, Chen H, Xu X. The Interplay Between Cytokines and MicroRNAs to Regulate Metabolic Disorders. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2024; 44:337-348. [PMID: 39082185 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2024.0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders represent significant public health challenges worldwide. Emerging evidence suggests that cytokines and microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders by regulating various metabolic processes, including insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism, and inflammation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the intricate interplay between cytokines and miRNAs in the context of metabolic disorders, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. We discuss how dysregulation of cytokine-miRNA networks contributes to the development and progression of metabolic disorders and explore the therapeutic potential of targeting these interactions for disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Staff Hospital of Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Corporation, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Staff Hospital of Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Corporation, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Institute of Technology Hospital, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangyong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Staff Hospital of Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Corporation, Wuhan, China
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Yan K. Recent advances in the effect of adipose tissue inflammation on insulin resistance. Cell Signal 2024; 120:111229. [PMID: 38763181 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is one of the major risk factors for diabetes. Excessive accumulation of fat leads to inflammation of adipose tissue, which can increase the risk of developing diabetes. Obesity-related chronic inflammation can result in anomalies in glucose-lipid metabolism and insulin resistance, and it is a major cause of β-cell dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. Thus, a long-term tissue inflammatory response is crucial for metabolic diseases, particularly type 2 diabetes. Chronic inflammation associated with obesity increases oxidative stress, secretes inflammatory factors, modifies endocrine variables, and interferes with insulin signalling pathways, all of which contribute to insulin resistance and glucose tolerance. Insulin resistance and diabetes are ultimately caused by chronic inflammation in the stomach, pancreas, liver, muscle, and fat tissues. In this article, we systematically summarize the latest research progress on the mechanisms of adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance, as well as the mechanisms of cross-talk between adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance, with a view to providing some meaningful therapeutic strategies for the treatment of insulin resistance by controlling adipose tissue inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyi Yan
- The Second Clinical College of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China.
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Li X, Li H, Hong T, Li Z, Wang Z. Assessing the causal relationship between obesity and hypothyroidism using Mendelian randomization. J Investig Med 2024:10815589241257214. [PMID: 38785311 DOI: 10.1177/10815589241257214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
To explore the causal relationship between obesity and hypothyroidism and identify risk factors and the predictive value of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in obese patients using Mendelian randomization, this study employed five Mendelian randomization methods (MR Egger, Weighted Median, Inverse Variance Weighted, Simple Mode, and Weighted Mode) to analyze clinical data from 308 obese patients at the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, from January 2015 to June 2023. Patients were divided based on thyroid function tests into normal (n = 173) and SCH groups (n = 56). Comparative analyses, along with univariate and multivariate logistic regression, were conducted to identify risk factors for SCH in obese patients. A significant association between obesity and hypothyroidism was established, especially highlighted by the inverse variance weighted method. SCH patients showed higher ages, thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, and thyroid autoantibody positivity rates, with lower T4 and FT4 levels. Age, FT4, thyroid autoantibodies, TPO-Ab, and Tg-Ab were confirmed as risk factors. The predictive value of FT4 levels for SCH in obesity was significant, with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.632. The study supports a potential causal link between obesity and hypothyroidism, identifying specific risk factors for SCH in obese patients. FT4 level stands out as an independent predictive factor, suggesting its utility in early diagnosis and preventive strategies for SCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Minimally Invasive, Hernia and Abdominal Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Huilin Li
- Department of Minimally Invasive, Hernia and Abdominal Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Tao Hong
- Graduate School, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zanlin Li
- Department of Minimally Invasive, Hernia and Abdominal Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Comprehensive Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
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Mohammadpour Fard R, Rashno M, Bahreiny SS. Effects of melatonin supplementation on markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 63:530-539. [PMID: 39053698 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder, in which chronic systemic inflammation and oxidative stress contribute to the progression of this condition and its complications. Melatonin, a hormone known for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has emerged as a potential therapeutic intervention in diabetes. This review aims to evaluate the effects of melatonin supplementation on markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic patients. METHODS A thorough literature search of databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, CNKI, and Scopus, was conducted through October 2023. We included randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of melatonin on markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, compared to placebo in patients with diabetes. The data was analyzed using the random-effects model and the summary effect size was determined using the standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Fourteen studies with 823 participants were included. Our analysis indicates that melatonin can lead to significant reductions in levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) [SMD = -0.75; 95% CI: -1.37, -0.12; P = 0.018], tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) [SMD = -0.40; 95% CI: -0.64, -0.15; P = 0.001], interleukin (IL)-1 [SMD = -0.75; 95% CI: -1.03, -0.47; P < 0.0001], IL-6 [SMD = -0.79; 95% CI: -1.07, -0.51; P < 0.0001], and malondialdehyde (MDA) [SMD = -0.61; 95% CI: -0.80, -0.43; P < 0.0001]. Furthermore, we found a significant increase in levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) [SMD = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.12, 1.51; P = 0.021], glutathione (GSH) [SMD = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.28, 1.03; P = 0.001], and superoxide dismutase (SOD) [SMD = 1.69; 95% CI: 0.80, 2.58; P < 0.0001] following melatonin consumption in patients with diabetes. CONCLUSION Melatonin supplementation is a promising complementary strategy to attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Mohammadpour Fard
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rashno
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Sobhan Bahreiny
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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12
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Trandafir AI, Ghemigian A, Ciobica ML, Nistor C, Gurzun MM, Nistor TVI, Petrova E, Carsote M. Diabetes Mellitus in Non-Functioning Adrenal Incidentalomas: Analysis of the Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion (MACS) Impact on Glucose Profile. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1606. [PMID: 39062179 PMCID: PMC11274780 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas (NFAIs) have been placed in relationship with a higher risk of glucose profile anomalies, while the full-blown typical picture of Cushing's syndrome (CS) and associated secondary (glucocorticoid-induced) diabetes mellitus is not explicitly confirmed in this instance. Our objective was to highlight the most recent data concerning the glucose profile, particularly, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in NFAIs with/without mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS). This was a comprehensive review of the literature; the search was conducted according to various combinations of key terms. We included English-published, original studies across a 5-year window of publication time (from January 2020 until 1 April 2024) on PubMed. We excluded case reports, reviews, studies on T1DM or secondary diabetes, and experimental data. We identified 37 studies of various designs (14 retrospective studies as well 13 cross-sectional, 4 cohorts, 3 prospective, and 2 case-control studies) that analysed 17,391 individuals, with a female-to-male ratio of 1.47 (aged between 14 and 96 years). T2DM prevalence in MACS (affecting 10 to 30% of NFAIs) ranged from 12% to 44%. The highest T2DM prevalence in NFAI was 45.2% in one study. MACS versus (non-MACS) NFAIs (n = 16) showed an increased risk of T2DM and even of prediabetes or higher fasting plasma glucose or HbA1c (no unanimous results). T2DM prevalence was analysed in NFAI (N = 1243, female-to-male ratio of 1.11, mean age of 60.42) versus (non-tumour) controls (N = 1548, female-to-male ratio of 0.91, average age of 60.22) amid four studies, and two of them were confirmatory with respect to a higher rate in NFAIs. Four studies included a sub-group of CS compared to NFAI/MACS, and two of them did not confirm an increased rate of glucose profile anomalies in CS versus NFAIs/ACS. The longest period of follow-up with concern to the glycaemic profile was 10.5 years, and one cohort showed a significant increase in the T2DM rate at 17.9% compared to the baseline value of 0.03%. Additionally, inconsistent data from six studies enrolling 1039 individuals that underwent adrenalectomy (N = 674) and conservative management (N = 365) pinpointed the impact of the surgery in NFAIs. The regulation of the glucose metabolism after adrenalectomy versus baseline versus conservative management (n = 3) was improved. To our knowledge, this comprehensive review included one of the largest recent analyses in the field of glucose profile amid the confirmation of MACS/NFAI. In light of the rising incidence of NFAI/AIs due to easier access to imagery scans and endocrine evaluation across the spectrum of modern medicine, it is critical to assess if these patients have an increased frequency of cardio-metabolic disorders that worsen their overall comorbidity and mortality profile, including via the confirmation of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra-Ioana Trandafir
- PhD Doctoral School of “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology V, “C.I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (E.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Adina Ghemigian
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology V, “C.I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (E.P.); (M.C.)
- Department of Endocrinology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai-Lucian Ciobica
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Rheumatology, “Dr. Carol Davila” Central Military University Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Claudiu Nistor
- Department 4-Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Thoracic Surgery II Discipline, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Thoracic Surgery Department, “Dr. Carol Davila” Central Military University Emergency Hospital, 010242 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria-Magdalena Gurzun
- Cardiology Discipline, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Laboratory of Non-Invasive Cardiovascular Exploration, “Dr. Carol Davila” Central Military University Emergency Hospital, 010242 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Tiberiu Vasile Ioan Nistor
- Medical Biochemistry Discipline, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Eugenia Petrova
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology V, “C.I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (E.P.); (M.C.)
- Department of Endocrinology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mara Carsote
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology V, “C.I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (E.P.); (M.C.)
- Department of Endocrinology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
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Lugtmeijer C, Bowtell JL, O’Leary M. Tissue-Level Effect of Andrographis and Ashwagandha Metabolites on Metabolic and Inflammatory Gene Expression in Skeletal Muscle and Adipose Tissue: An Ex Vivo/In Vitro Investigation. Nutrients 2024; 16:2291. [PMID: 39064738 PMCID: PMC11279956 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue and skeletal muscle dysfunction play a central role in cardiometabolic morbidity. Ashwagandha and Andrographis are purported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, but this is based on exposure of cells to the parent compounds ignoring phytochemical absorption and metabolism. We explored the anti-inflammatory/antioxidant effects of ashwagandha and Andrographis in ex vivo human models of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Healthy participants supplemented with 2000 mg/day Andrographis (n = 10) or 1100 mg/day ashwagandha (n = 10) for 28 days. Sera collected pre (D0) and post (D28) supplementation were pooled by timepoint and added to adipose explant (AT) and primary human myotube (SKMC) culture media (15% v/v) for treatment. A Taqman panel of 56 genes was used to quantify these. In AT, treatment with ashwagandha sera decreased the expression of genes involved in antioxidant defence and inflammatory response (CCL5, CD36, IL6, IL10, ADIPOQ, NFEL2, UCP2, GPX3, GPX4; geometric 95% CI for fold change > 1) and altered the expression of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism. In SKMC, ashwagandha sera altered FOXO1 and SREBF1 expression. Andrographis sera decreased IL18 and SERPINEA3 expression in AT. This physiologically relevant in vitro screening characterises the effects of ashwagandha in AT to guide future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mary O’Leary
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (C.L.); (J.L.B.)
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14
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Cui Y, Auclair H, He R, Zhang Q. GPCR-mediated regulation of beige adipocyte formation: Implications for obesity and metabolic health. Gene 2024; 915:148421. [PMID: 38561165 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Obesity and its associated complications pose a significant burden on health. The non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) and metabolic capacity properties of brown adipose tissue (BAT), which are distinct from those of white adipose tissue (WAT), in combating obesity and its related metabolic diseases has been well documented. However, beige adipose tissue, the third and relatively novel type of adipose tissue, which emerges in extensive presence of WAT and shares similar favorable metabolic properties with BAT, has garnered considerable attention in recent years. In this review, we focused on the role of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest receptor family and the most successful class of drug targets in humans, in the induction of beige adipocytes. More importantly, we highlight researchers' clinical treatment attempts to ameliorate obesity and other related metabolic diseases through the formation and activation of beige adipose tissue. In summary, this review provides valuable insights into the formation of beige adipose tissue and the involvement of GPCRs, based on the latest advancements in scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxu Cui
- Animal Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China; Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hugo Auclair
- Faculty of Medicine, François-Rabelais University, Tours, France
| | - Rong He
- Animal Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Animal Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
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15
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Rafiei H, Yeung M, Kowalski S, Li MY, Harris D, Chang J, Nguyen N, Yorke E, Sampath S, Hollman S, Duns G, O'Brien L, Steidl C, Krystal G, Elisia I. Butyrate and tributyrin reduce LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine production from human visceral fat. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024:10.1038/s41366-024-01581-9. [PMID: 38987636 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01581-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current obesity crisis has resulted in many people with excess adipose tissue suffering from chronic inflammation. This inflammation is largely due to the release of cytokines and chemokines from visceral fat. The aim of this study was to identify potential anti-inflammatory agents that might alleviate obesity-induced chronic inflammation. METHODS To identify agents that might alleviate this obesity-induced chronic inflammation we have developed a simple protocol for incubating intact pieces of human visceral adipose tissue in 35 mm tissue culture plates, in the presence of low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and co-incubating these samples with potential anti-inflammatory agents. RNA-Seq analysis was performed to identify enriched gene expression signatures among the most significantly differentially expressed genes. RESULTS From this screen, we have identified the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) sodium butyrate and its triacylglyceride form, tributyrin, as effective agents, significantly reducing the production of LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines and chemokines from all adipose tissue samples tested. As well, these agents appear to be non-toxic at the concentrations tested. RNA-Seq analysis has revealed that IL36γ is one of the most upregulated genes in response to LPS and one of the most downregulated when sodium butyrate is added to human fat samples stimulated with LPS. IL-36γ ELISAs confirmed this holds true at the protein level as well. CONCLUSIONS These studies suggest that the short-chain fatty acid, sodium butyrate, and its triacylglyceride form, tributyrin, might alleviate the chronic inflammation that is associated with many individuals with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Rafiei
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Michelle Yeung
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Sara Kowalski
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Michael Yu Li
- Department of Lymphoid Cancer Research, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - David Harris
- Richmond Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Program, Richmond Hospital, Vancouver Coastal Health, Richmond, BC, V7C 5L9, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Chang
- Richmond Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Program, Richmond Hospital, Vancouver Coastal Health, Richmond, BC, V7C 5L9, Canada
| | - Nam Nguyen
- Richmond Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Program, Richmond Hospital, Vancouver Coastal Health, Richmond, BC, V7C 5L9, Canada
| | - Ekua Yorke
- Richmond Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Program, Richmond Hospital, Vancouver Coastal Health, Richmond, BC, V7C 5L9, Canada
| | - Sharadh Sampath
- Richmond Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Program, Richmond Hospital, Vancouver Coastal Health, Richmond, BC, V7C 5L9, Canada
| | - Serena Hollman
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Gerben Duns
- Department of Lymphoid Cancer Research, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Luke O'Brien
- Department of Lymphoid Cancer Research, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Christian Steidl
- Department of Lymphoid Cancer Research, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Gerald Krystal
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Ingrid Elisia
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada.
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Savulescu-Fiedler I, Mihalcea R, Dragosloveanu S, Scheau C, Baz RO, Caruntu A, Scheau AE, Caruntu C, Benea SN. The Interplay between Obesity and Inflammation. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:856. [PMID: 39063610 PMCID: PMC11277997 DOI: 10.3390/life14070856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an important condition affecting the quality of life of numerous patients and increasing their associated risk for multiple diseases, including tumors and immune-mediated disorders. Inflammation appears to play a major role in the development of obesity and represents a central point for the activity of cellular and humoral components in the adipose tissue. Macrophages play a key role as the main cellular component of the adipose tissue regulating the chronic inflammation and modulating the secretion and differentiation of various pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Inflammation also involves a series of signaling pathways that might represent the focus for new therapies and interventions. Weight loss is essential in decreasing cardiometabolic risks and the degree of associated inflammation; however, the latter can persist for long after the excess weight is lost, and can involve changes in macrophage phenotypes that can ensure the metabolic adjustment. A clear understanding of the pathophysiological processes in the adipose tissue and the interplay between obesity and chronic inflammation can lead to a better understanding of the development of comorbidities and may ensure future targets for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilinca Savulescu-Fiedler
- Department of Internal Medicine, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Coltea Clinical Hospital, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Razvan Mihalcea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Coltea Clinical Hospital, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Serban Dragosloveanu
- Department of Orthopaedics, “Foisor” Clinical Hospital of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Osteoarticular TB, 021382 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania (C.C.)
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, “Foisor” Clinical Hospital of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Osteoarticular TB, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radu Octavian Baz
- Clinical Laboratory of Radiology and Medical Imaging, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” County Emergency Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University, 900527 Constanta, Romania
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea-Elena Scheau
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania (C.C.)
- Department of Dermatology, “Prof. N.C. Paulescu” National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Serban Nicolae Benea
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- “Prof. Dr. Matei Balș” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, 021105 Bucharest, Romania
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Qi Y, Zhang B, Yang H. Associations between body mass index and all-cause and CVD mortality in agriculture, forestry, and fishing occupations: A prospective cohort study using NHANES data (1999-2014). PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305922. [PMID: 38976691 PMCID: PMC11230546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity, as indicated by elevated Body Mass Index (BMI), is a well-established global health concern associated with increased morbidity and mortality across diverse populations. However, the influence of BMI on individuals in Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing (AFF) occupations, characterized by unique challenges and environmental factors, has received limited research attention. METHODS Our study, a prospective cohort analysis, utilized National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1999-2014, targeting adults above 18 in AFF occupations with comprehensive BMI data, omitting individuals with a history of cancer. Mortality outcomes were extracted from the NHANES mortality file, and BMI was segmented into eight categories. Essential covariates such as age, sex, race, and various health factors were incorporated. The statistical analysis encompassed Cox regression, generalized additive models, smooth curve fitting, and stratified analyses. RESULTS During 1,005 person-years with 201 all-cause and 57 CVD deaths, we observed L-shaped and U-shaped correlations of BMI with all-cause and CVD mortality, featuring a pivotal inflection at 26.69 and 27.40 kg/m2. Above this BMI threshold of 26.69 and 27.4 kg/m2, all-cause mortality association was not significant while CVD mortality was positive. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights a unique BMI-mortality association in AFF occupations, diverging from standard patterns. The rigorous labor and environmental conditions in AFF jobs suggest that a certain range of higher BMI could reduce mortality risk. This highlights the necessity for tailored health guidelines in different occupations. Future research should concentrate on diverse health indicators and enhanced risk assessment for physically strenuous occupations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmeng Qi
- International Medical Department, Xidan Campus, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Baoshan Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Management and Environmental Microorganism Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Han Yang
- International Medical Department, Xidan Campus, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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18
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Yan Y, Lu H, Zheng Y, Lin S. Association Between Systemic Immune Inflammation Index and Diabetes Mellitus in the NHANES 2003-2018 Population. J Endocr Soc 2024; 8:bvae124. [PMID: 38974989 PMCID: PMC11226779 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvae124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objects This study aimed to explore the association between the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and diabetes mellitus (DM) and to assess its influence on the prognosis of the DM and no-DM groups. Methods The study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; 9643 participants were included. Logistic regression analysis was employed to evaluate connections between SII and DM. We used the Cox proportional hazards model, restricted cubic spline, and Kaplan-Meier curve to analyze the relationship between SII and mortality. Results The logistic regression analysis indicated that a significant increase in the likelihood of developing DM with higher SII levels (odds ratio, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.09-1.57, P = .003). The Cox model showed that there is a positive association between increased SII and higher all-cause mortality. The hazard ratios for SII were 1.53 (1.31, 1.78), 1.61 (1.31, 1.98), and 1.41 (1.12, 1.78) in the total, DM and non-DM groups, respectively. We observed a linear correlation between SII and all-cause mortality in DM participants, whereas non-DM participants and the total population showed a nonlinear correlation. Conclusion Elevated SII levels are linked to an augmented risk of DM. Those with DM and higher SII levels demonstrated an elevated risk of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongjing Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaguo Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
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Pasupuleti SK, Kapur R. The impact of obesity-induced inflammation on clonal hematopoiesis. Curr Opin Hematol 2024; 31:193-198. [PMID: 38640133 PMCID: PMC11197996 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review meticulously delves into existing literature and recent findings to elucidate the intricate link between obesity and clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) associated clonal hematopoiesis. It aims to enhance our comprehension of this multifaceted association, offering insights into potential avenues for future research and therapeutic interventions. RECENT FINDINGS Recent insights reveal that mutations in CHIP-associated genes are not limited to symptomatic patients but are also present in asymptomatic individuals. This section focuses on the impact of obesity-induced inflammation and fatty bone marrow (FBM) on the development of CHIP-associated diseases. Common comorbidities such as obesity, diabetes, and infection, fostering pro-inflammatory environments, play a pivotal role in the acceleration of these pathologies. Our research underscores a notable association between CHIP and an increased waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), emphasizing the link between obesity and myeloid leukemia. Recent studies highlight a strong correlation between obesity and myeloid leukemias in both children and adults, with increased risks and poorer survival outcomes in overweight individuals. SUMMARY We discuss recent insights into how CHIP-associated pathologies respond to obesity-induced inflammation, offering implications for future studies in the intricate field of clonal hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reuben Kapur
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Salinas Cisneros G, Dvorak CC, Long-Boyle J, Kharbanda S, Shimano KA, Melton A, Chu J, Winestone LE, Dara J, Huang JN, Hermiston ML, Zinter M, Higham CS. Diagnosing and Grading of Sinusoidal Obstructive Syndrome after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant of Children, Adolescent and Young Adults treated in a Pediatric Institution with Pediatric Protocols. Transplant Cell Ther 2024; 30:690.e1-690.e16. [PMID: 38631464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Sinusoidal obstructive syndrome (SOS), or veno-occlusive disease, of the liver has been recognized as a complex, life-threatening complication in the posthematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) setting. The diagnostic criteria for SOS have evolved over the last several decades with a greater understanding of the underlying pathophysiology, with 2 recent diagnostic criteria introduced in 2018 (European Society of Bone Marrow Transplant [EBMT] criteria) and 2020 (Cairo criteria). We sought out to evaluate the performance characteristics in diagnosing and grading SOS in pediatric patients of the 4 different diagnostic criteria (Baltimore, Modified Seattle, EBMT, and Cairo) and severity grading systems (defined by the EBMT and Cairo criteria). Retrospective chart review of children, adolescent, and young adults who underwent conditioned autologous and allogeneic HSCT between 2017 and 2021 at a single pediatric institution. A total of 250 consecutive patients underwent at least 1 HSCT at UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital San Francisco for a total of 307 HSCT. The day 100 cumulative incidence of SOS was 12.1%, 21.1%, 28.4%, and 28.4% per the Baltimore, Modified Seattle, EBMT, and Cairo criteria, respectively (P < .001). We found that patients diagnosed with grade ≥4 SOS per the Cairo criteria were more likely to be admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (92% versus 58%, P = .035) and intubated (85% versus 32%, P = .002) than those diagnosed with grade ≥4 per EBMT criteria. Age <3 years-old (HR 1.76, 95% [1.04 to 2.98], P = .036), an abnormal body mass index (HR 1.69, 95% [1.06 to 2.68], P = .027), and high-risk patients per our institutional guidelines (HR 1.68, 95% [1.02 to 2.76], P = .041) were significantly associated with SOS per the Cairo criteria. We demonstrate that age <3 years, abnormal body mass index, and other high-risk criteria associate strongly with subsequent SOS development. Patients with moderate to severe SOS based on Cairo severity grading system may correlate better with clinical course based on ICU admissions and intubations when compared to the EBMT severity grading system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Janel Long-Boyle
- Allergy Immunology and BMT, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Sandhya Kharbanda
- Allergy Immunology and BMT, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Kristin A Shimano
- Allergy Immunology and BMT, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Alexis Melton
- Allergy Immunology and BMT, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Julia Chu
- Allergy Immunology and BMT, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Lena E Winestone
- Allergy Immunology and BMT, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Jasmeen Dara
- Allergy Immunology and BMT, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - James N Huang
- Allergy Immunology and BMT, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Matt Zinter
- Allergy Immunology and BMT, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Christine S Higham
- Allergy Immunology and BMT, University of California, San Francisco, California
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21
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Lee EB. What is the disease burden from childhood and adolescent obesity?: a narrative review. JOURNAL OF YEUNGNAM MEDICAL SCIENCE 2024; 41:150-157. [PMID: 38932702 PMCID: PMC11294796 DOI: 10.12701/jyms.2024.00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity has increased and exacerbated during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, both in Korea and globally. Childhood and adolescent obesity poses significant risks for premature morbidity and mortality. The development of serious comorbidities depends not only on the duration of obesity but also on the age of onset. Obesity in children and adolescents affects almost all organ systems, including the endocrine, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, reproductive, nervous, and immune systems. Obesity in children and adolescents affects growth, cognitive function, and psychosocial interactions during development, in addition to aggravating known adult comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obstructive sleep apnea, and cancer. Childhood and adolescent obesity are highly associated with increased cardiometabolic risk factors and prevalence of metabolic syndrome. The risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in later life can be considerably decreased by even a small weight loss before the onset of puberty. Childhood and adolescent obesity is a disease that requires treatment and is associated with many comorbidities and disease burdens. Therefore, early detection and therapeutic intervention are crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Byoul Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
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22
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Bursać B, Bellachioma L, Gligorovska L, Jovanović M, Teofilović A, Vratarić M, Vojnović Milutinović D, Albacete A, Martínez-Melgarejo PA, Morresi C, Damiani E, Bacchetti T, Djordjevic A. Crocus sativus tepals extract suppresses subcutaneous adipose tissue hypertrophy and improves systemic insulin sensitivity in mice on high-fat diet. Biofactors 2024; 50:828-844. [PMID: 38318672 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a pressing problem worldwide for which standard therapeutic strategies have limited effectiveness. The use of natural products seems to be a promising approach to alleviate obesity and its associated complications. The tepals of Crocus sativus (Cr) plant, usually wasted in saffron production, are an unexplored source of bioactive compounds. Our aim was to elucidate the mechanisms of Cr tepals extract in obesity by investigating its effects on adipocyte differentiation, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) hypertrophy, and lipid metabolism in an animal model of diet-induced obesity. To this end, mouse 3T3-F442A preadipocytes were treated with Cr tepals extract and the expression of adipocyte differentiation genes was determined. Caloric intake, body mass, triglycerides, systemic insulin sensitivity, histology, insulin signaling, and lipid metabolism in VAT and SAT were analyzed in mice fed a 60% fat diet for 14 weeks and treated orally with Cr tepals extract during the last 5 weeks of the diet. We demonstrated for the first time that Cr tepals extract inhibits adipocyte differentiation in vitro. The animal model confirmed that oral treatment with Cr tepals extract results in weight loss, improved systemic insulin sensitivity, lower triglycerides, and improved lipid peroxidation. The suppressive effect of Cr tepals extract on adipocyte hypertrophy and inflammation was observed only in SAT, which, together with preserved SAT insulin signaling, most likely contributed to improved systemic insulin sensitivity. Our results suggest the functionality of SAT as a possible target for the treatment of obesity and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Bursać
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Luisa Bellachioma
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ljupka Gligorovska
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirna Jovanović
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Teofilović
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miloš Vratarić
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Vojnović Milutinović
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Alfonso Albacete
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Purificación A Martínez-Melgarejo
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Camilla Morresi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Damiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bacchetti
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ana Djordjevic
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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23
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Ertuglu LA, Sahinoz M, Alsouqi A, Deger SM, Guide A, Pike M, Robinson‐Cohen C, Akwo E, Pridmore M, Crescenzi R, Madhur MS, Kirabo A, Harrison DG, Luft FC, Titze J, Ikizler TA, Gamboa JL. Intermuscular adipose tissue accumulation is associated with higher tissue sodium in healthy individuals. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16127. [PMID: 38960895 PMCID: PMC11222016 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS High tissue sodium accumulation and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) are associated with aging, type 2 diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. In this study, we aim to investigate whether high lower-extremity tissue sodium accumulation relates to IMAT quantity and whether systemic inflammatory mediators and adipocytokines contribute to such association. METHODS Tissue sodium content and IMAT accumulation (percentage of IMAT area to muscle area) were measured in 83 healthy individuals using sodium imaging (23Na-MRI) and proton (1H-MRI) imaging of the calf. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by glucose disposal rate (GDR) measured with the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. RESULTS Median (interquartile range) muscle and skin sodium contents were 16.6 (14.9, 19.0) and 12.6 (10.9, 16.7) mmol/L, respectively. Median IMAT was 3.69 (2.80, 5.37) %. In models adjusted for age, sex, BMI, GDR, adiponectin, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, increasing tissue sodium content was significantly associated with higher IMAT quantity (p = 0.018 and 0.032 for muscle and skin tissue sodium, respectively). In subgroup analysis stratified by sex, skin sodium was significantly associated with IMAT only among men. In interaction analysis, the association between skin sodium and IMAT was greater with increasing levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 (p for interaction = 0.022 and 0.006, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Leg muscle and skin sodium are associated with IMAT quantity among healthy individuals. The relationship between skin sodium and IMAT may be mediated by systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lale A. Ertuglu
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Melis Sahinoz
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Aseel Alsouqi
- Now with Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Serpil Muge Deger
- Division of Nephrology, Department of MedicineDokuz Eylul UniversityIzmirTurkey
| | - Andrew Guide
- Department of BiostatisticsVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Mindy Pike
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of MedicineVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Cassianne Robinson‐Cohen
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Elvis Akwo
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Michael Pridmore
- Department of Radiology and Radiological SciencesVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Rachelle Crescenzi
- Department of Radiology and Radiological SciencesVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Meena S. Madhur
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - David G. Harrison
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | | | - Jens Titze
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic DisordersDuke NUS Medical SchoolBukit MerahSingapore
| | - T. Alp Ikizler
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Jorge L. Gamboa
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
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24
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Rini DM, Xu W, Suzuki T. Current Research on the Role of Isomaltooligosaccharides in Gastrointestinal Health and Metabolic Diseases. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2024; 29:93-105. [PMID: 38974594 PMCID: PMC11223922 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2024.29.2.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium plays an important role in maintaining the intestinal barrier and facilitating nutrient absorption. It also serves as a critical physical barrier against the infiltration of foreign substances from the intestinal lumen into the circulation. Intestinal barrier dysfunction has been implicated in the development of several diseases. Isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs), which are a type of dietary fiber, possess multiple health benefits. However, there is limited information regarding their efficacy against gastrointestinal diseases. This review explores the therapeutic potential of IMOs in obesity, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), hyperlipidemia, and constipation. High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity models have shown that IMOs, administered alone or in combination with other compounds, exhibit potent antiobesity effects, making them promising agents in the treatment of obesity and its associated complications. Moreover, IMOs exhibit preventive effects against HFD-induced metabolic dysfunction by modulating gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid levels, thereby ameliorating symptoms. Furthermore, IMOs can reduce IBD and alleviate hyperlipidemia, as indicated by the reduced histological colitis scores and improved lipid profiles observed in clinical trials and animal studies. This review highlights IMOs as a versatile intervention strategy that can improve gastrointestinal health by modulating gut microbiota, immune responses, and metabolic parameters, providing a multifaceted approach to address the complex nature of gastrointestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Mustika Rini
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Surabaya 60294, Indonesia
| | - Wenxi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-Constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Municipality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Takuya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
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25
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Chiou JS, Lin YJ, Chang CYY, Liang WM, Liu TY, Yang JS, Chou CH, Lu HF, Chiu ML, Lin TH, Liao CC, Huang SM, Chou IC, Li TM, Huang PY, Chien TS, Chen HR, Tsai FJ. Menarche-a journey into womanhood: age at menarche and health-related outcomes in East Asians. Hum Reprod 2024; 39:1336-1350. [PMID: 38527428 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deae060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are there associations of age at menarche (AAM) with health-related outcomes in East Asians? SUMMARY ANSWER AAM is associated with osteoporosis, Type 2 diabetes (T2D), glaucoma, and uterine fibroids, as demonstrated through observational studies, polygenic risk scores, genetic correlations, and Mendelian randomization (MR), with additional findings indicating a causal effect of BMI and T2D on earlier AAM. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Puberty timing is linked to adult disease risk, but research predominantly focuses on European populations, with limited studies in other groups. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We performed an AAM genome-wide association study (GWAS) with 57 890 Han Taiwanese females and examined the association between AAM and 154 disease outcomes using the Taiwanese database. Additionally, we examined genetic correlations between AAM and 113 diseases and 67 phenotypes using Japanese GWAS summary statistics. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We performed AAM GWAS and gene-based GWAS studies to obtain summary statistics and identify potential AAM-related genes. We applied phenotype, polygenic risk scores, and genetic correlation analyses of AAM to explore health-related outcomes, using multivariate regression and linkage disequilibrium score regression analyses. We also explored potential bidirectional causal relationships between AAM and related outcomes through univariable and multivariable MR analyses. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Fifteen lead single-nucleotide polymorphisms and 24 distinct genes were associated with AAM in Taiwan. AAM was genetically associated with later menarche and menopause, greater height, increased osteoporosis risk, but lower BMI, and reduced risks of T2D, glaucoma, and uterine fibroids in East Asians. Bidirectional MR analyses indicated that higher BMI/T2D causally leads to earlier AAM. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Our findings were specific to Han Taiwanese individuals, with genetic correlation analyses conducted in East Asians. Further research in other ethnic groups is necessary. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our study provides insights into the genetic architecture of AAM and its health-related outcomes in East Asians, highlighting causal links between BMI/T2D and earlier AAM, which may suggest potential prevention strategies for early puberty. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The work was supported by China Medical University, Taiwan (CMU110-S-17, CMU110-S-24, CMU110-MF-49, CMU111-SR-158, CMU111-MF-105, CMU111-MF-21, CMU111-S-35, CMU112-SR-30, and CMU112-MF-101), the China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan (DMR-111-062, DMR-111-153, DMR-112-042, DMR-113-038, and DMR-113-103), and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST 111-2314-B-039-063-MY3, MOST 111-2314-B-039-064-MY3, MOST 111-2410-H-039-002-MY3, and NSTC 112-2813-C-039-036-B). The funders had no influence on the data collection, analyses, or conclusions of the study. No conflict of interests to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Shiun Chiou
- PhD Program for Health Science and Industry, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ju Lin
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cherry Yin-Yi Chang
- Division of Minimal Invasive Endoscopy Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Miin Liang
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yuan Liu
- Million-Person Precision Medicine Initiative, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsing Chou
- PhD Program for Health Science and Industry, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fang Lu
- Million-Person Precision Medicine Initiative, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mu-Lin Chiu
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsu Lin
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Chu Liao
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Mei Huang
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Ching Chou
- Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University Children's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Te-Mao Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Yan Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Shun Chien
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hou-Ren Chen
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University Children's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Children's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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26
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Morimoto T, Kobayashi T, Hirata H, Sugita K, Paholpak P, Tsukamoto M, Umeki S, Yoshihara T, Toda Y. Thick Skin on the Dorsal Spine in Osteoproliferative Disease: Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament and Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis. Cureus 2024; 16:e62235. [PMID: 38868545 PMCID: PMC11168243 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although the correlation between reduced skin thickness and reduced bone density has been investigated, no study has evaluated skin thickness and osteoproliferative diseases, including ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH). Methodology This retrospective cohort study consisted of 99 consecutive patients aged ≥60 years treated for spinal surgery at our hospital between January 2022 and March 2023. Skin thickness was measured at the dorsal side of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae on the sagittal cross-section image of whole-spine CT. Based on the median value, skin thickness was categorized into two groups based on a median thickness of 4 mm. Bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed. The sum of the vertebral body and intervertebral bridging osteophytes of the anterior longitudinal and posterior longitudinal ligament were defined as the OALL index and OPLL index. Serum levels of bone metabolism-related markers, such as tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5b, procollagen I N-propeptide, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and periostin, were measured. To assess the association between skin thickness and imaging findings, we calculated the adjusted odds ratios, adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) and using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results No significant differences were found in skin thickness in the three dorsal regions of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine (median = 3.3 mm versus 3.5 mm versus 3.4 mm, p = 0.357) and bone metabolism-related markers. Adjusting for age, sex, and BMI, cervical, thoracic, and lumbar skin thicknesses were related to DISH, the OPLL index, and the OPLL and OPLL index, respectively. Conclusions Skin thickness did not correlate with BMD but with the amount of spinal ossification. A correlation was found between skin thickness and vertebral and intervertebral ossification; vertebral osteophytes, OPLL, and DISH may be more common in thicker skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadatsugu Morimoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, JPN
| | - Takaomi Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, JPN
- Department of Orthopedics, Saga University, Saga, JPN
| | - Hirohito Hirata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, JPN
| | - Kazunari Sugita
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, JPN
| | - Permsak Paholpak
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, THA
| | - Masatsugu Tsukamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, JPN
| | - Shun Umeki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, JPN
| | - Tomohito Yoshihara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, JPN
| | - Yu Toda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, JPN
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27
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Adamidis N, Papalexis P, Adamidis S. Exploring the Link Between Metabolic Syndrome and Cellulite. Cureus 2024; 16:e63464. [PMID: 38947139 PMCID: PMC11214470 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) encompasses a cluster of metabolic abnormalities, including insulin resistance, hypertension, abdominal obesity, and dyslipidemia, increasing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes risks. Cellulite, a cosmetic condition marked by dimpled skin, predominantly affects women and shares risk factors with MetS, such as obesity and hormonal imbalances. This review examines the potential link between MetS and cellulite, focusing on shared pathophysiological pathways and implications for clinical practice and future research. Common factors such as inflammation, hormonal changes, and adipose tissue dysfunction are explored. The review highlights the importance of longitudinal studies to track cellulite progression in MetS patients, biomarker identification for early detection, intervention trials to assess therapeutic efficacy, mechanistic studies to elucidate underlying pathways and the impact of comorbidities on cellulite development. Understanding these relationships can enhance prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for both MetS and cellulite, addressing significant public health and cosmetic concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petros Papalexis
- Endocrinology, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
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28
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Zamanian MY, Alsaab HO, Golmohammadi M, Yumashev A, Jabba AM, Abid MK, Joshi A, Alawadi AH, Jafer NS, Kianifar F, Obakiro SB. NF-κB pathway as a molecular target for curcumin in diabetes mellitus treatment: Focusing on oxidative stress and inflammation. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4030. [PMID: 38720663 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a collection of metabolic disorder that is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Recent studies have demonstrated the crucial involvement of oxidative stress (OS) and inflammatory reactions in the development of DM. Curcumin (CUR), a natural compound derived from turmeric, exerts beneficial effects on diabetes mellitus through its interaction with the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Research indicates that CUR targets inflammatory mediators in diabetes, including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), by modulating the NF-κB signaling pathway. By reducing the expression of these inflammatory factors, CUR demonstrates protective effects in DM by improving pancreatic β-cells function, normalizing inflammatory cytokines, reducing OS and enhancing insulin sensitivity. The findings reveal that CUR administration effectively lowered blood glucose elevation, reinstated diminished serum insulin levels, and enhanced body weight in Streptozotocin -induced diabetic rats. CUR exerts its beneficial effects in management of diabetic complications through regulation of signaling pathways, such as calcium-calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), NF-κB, and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFB1). Moreover, CUR reversed the heightened expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6) and chemokines like MCP-1 in diabetic specimens, vindicating its anti-inflammatory potency in counteracting hyperglycemia-induced alterations. CUR diminishes OS, avert structural kidney damage linked to diabetic nephropathy, and suppress NF-κB activity. Furthermore, CUR exhibited a protective effect against diabetic cardiomyopathy, lung injury, and diabetic gastroparesis. Conclusively, the study posits that CUR could potentially offer therapeutic benefits in relieving diabetic complications through its influence on the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yasin Zamanian
- Department of Physiology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hashem O Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Golmohammadi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexey Yumashev
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Abeer Mhussan Jabba
- Colleges of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Kadhem Abid
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health & Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Nasiriyah, Iraq
| | - Abhishek Joshi
- Department of Liberal Arts School of Liberal Arts, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Ahmed Hussien Alawadi
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Noor S Jafer
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technologies, Al Rafidain University College, Bagdad, Iraq
| | - Farzaneh Kianifar
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samuel Baker Obakiro
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda
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Walton KLW. Approaches to teaching about mechanisms of obesity in undergraduate pathophysiology courses. ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION 2024; 48:304-308. [PMID: 38452331 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00122.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Views of obesity as a consequence of "lack of willpower" or other behavioral choices, rather than a complex array of biological and other factors, are quite common among undergraduate students. Many undergraduates in prenursing or biology programs have little exposure to the physiology and pathophysiology of obesity, including learning about leptin and other hormones involved in appetite control. I developed materials for teaching about the pathophysiology of obesity in two different pathophysiology courses: one designed as a survey of pathophysiology topics for prenursing majors, and the other designed as an in-depth exploration of the molecular and cellular basis of selected diseases for upper-division biology majors. In the molecular basis of disease course, obesity is covered as part of a unit organized around metabolic syndrome. The discussion includes molecular and cellular mechanisms that link obesity to several other diseases, including type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. This article briefly describes the approaches I have taken for teaching obesity to two different undergraduate student populations and lists several resources that may be useful tools for teaching about obesity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This article describes approaches for teaching obesity in an allied health major pathophysiology course, and, additionally, in an upper-division biology major course on the cellular and molecular basis of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen L W Walton
- Department of Biology, Missouri Western State University, St. Joseph, Missouri, United States
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Tang F, Yang S, Qiu H, Liu Y, Fang S, Zhang Y, Wang S. Joint association of diabetes mellitus and inflammation status with biological ageing acceleration and premature mortality. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2024; 18:103050. [PMID: 38833822 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the associations of diabetes mellitus (DM) and C-reactive protein (CRP) with biological ageing acceleration and mortality risk. METHODS We analyzed data from 41,634 adults with CRP and DM at baseline. Subjects were categorized into high CRP (>3 mg/L) and low CRP (≤3 mg/L) groups. The cross-sectional endpoints of the study were biological ageing indicators Klemera-Doubal method BioAge acceleration (KDMAccel) and Phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel), and the follow-up endpoints were all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality. RESULTS In adults with high CRP, compared with those without DM, PhenoAgeAccel increased by 1.66 years (95 % CI: 1.38-1.93), and 8.74 years (95 % CI: 8.25-9.22) in adults with prediabetes and DM, respectively (p for interaction <0.001). Using the CRPlow/non-DM group as a reference, adults in the CRPhigh/non-DM, CRPlow/DM, and CRPhigh/DM groups had significantly advanced biological ageing. Compared to adults without DM, low CRP, and no ageing acceleration, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (95%CIs) of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in those with DM, CRP, and ageing acceleration were 3.22 (2.79-3.72), and 3.57 (2.81-4.54), respectively. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the joint presence of low-grade inflammation and DM might be associated with higher odds of biological ageing acceleration and premature mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, China; State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Harbin, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, China; State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Harbin, China
| | - Hongbin Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Shaohong Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, China; State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Harbin, China
| | - Yiying Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China.
| | - Shanjie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, China; State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Harbin, China.
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El Oirdi M. Harnessing the Power of Polyphenols: A New Frontier in Disease Prevention and Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:692. [PMID: 38931359 PMCID: PMC11206774 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
There are a wide variety of phytochemicals collectively known as polyphenols. Their structural diversity results in a broad range of characteristics and biological effects. Polyphenols can be found in a variety of foods and drinks, including fruits, cereals, tea, and coffee. Studies both in vitro and in vivo, as well as clinical trials, have shown that they possess potent antioxidant activities, numerous therapeutic effects, and health advantages. Dietary polyphenols have demonstrated the potential to prevent many health problems, including obesity, atherosclerosis, high blood sugar, diabetes, hypertension, cancer, and neurological diseases. In this paper, the protective effects of polyphenols and the mechanisms behind them are investigated in detail, citing the most recent available literature. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on the role of polyphenols in preventing and managing chronic diseases. The cited publications are derived from in vitro, in vivo, and human-based studies and clinical trials. A more complete understanding of these naturally occurring metabolites will pave the way for the development of novel polyphenol-rich diet and drug development programs. This, in turn, provides further evidence of their health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El Oirdi
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Ding Y, Xu X. Independent and Combined Associations of Physical Activity and Screen Time With Biomarkers of Inflammation in Children and Adolescents With Overweight/Obesity. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38782367 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2024-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammation regulation is important for obesity management and prevention of obesity-related diseases. This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the independent and combined associations of physical activity and screen time with biomarkers of inflammation in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. METHOD A total of 1289 children and adolescents with overweight/obesity were included from the 2015 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multivariable linear regressions were conducted for the association analyses. RESULTS For the independent associations, a negative dose-dependent relationship was demonstrated between physical activity and inflammatory biomarker high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in adolescents with overweight/obesity (P < .001) but not children; screen time was not associated with hsCRP in both children and adolescents. No significant association was found between physical activity or screen time with other inflammatory biomarkers. For the combined associations, there was an interaction between physical activity and screen time on hsCRP in adolescents with overweight/obesity (P = .014). In addition, the negative association between physical activity and hsCRP was greater in boys compared with girls and in Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black individuals compared with non-Hispanic White individuals. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated a combined association of physical activity and screen time with inflammatory biomarker hsCRP in adolescents with overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijian Ding
- Department of Physical Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, JS,China
| | - Xi Xu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, JS,China
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Grant WB. Cancer Incidence Rates in the US in 2016-2020 with Respect to Solar UVB Doses, Diabetes and Obesity Prevalence, Lung Cancer Incidence Rates, and Alcohol Consumption: An Ecological Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:1450. [PMID: 38794688 PMCID: PMC11123752 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This article reports the results of an ecological study of cancer incidence rates by state in the US for the period 2016-2020. The goals of this study were to determine the extent to which solar UVB doses reduced cancer risk compared to findings reported in 2006 for cancer mortality rates for the periods 1950-1969 and 1970-1794 as well as cancer incidence rates for the period 1998-2002 and to determine which factors were recently associated with cancer risk. The cancer data for non-Hispanic white (European American) men and women were obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Indices were obtained for solar UVB at the surface for July 1992, and alcohol consumption, diabetes, and obesity prevalence near the 2016-2020 period. Lung cancer incidence rates were also used in the analyses as a surrogate for smoking, diet, and air pollution. The cancers for which solar UVB is significantly associated with reduced incidence are bladder, brain (males), breast, corpus uteri, esophageal, gastric, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, pancreatic, and renal cancer. Lung cancer was significantly associated with colorectal, laryngeal, and renal cancer. Diabetes was also significantly associated with breast, liver, and lung cancer. Obesity prevalence was significantly associated with breast, colorectal, and renal cancer. Alcohol consumption was associated with bladder and esophageal cancer. Thus, diet has become a very important driver of cancer incidence rates. The role of solar UVB in reducing the risk of cancer has been reduced due to people spending less time outdoors, wearing sunscreen that blocks UVB but not UVA radiation, and population increases in terms of overweight and obese individuals, which are associated with lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and the generation of systemic inflammation, which is a risk factor for cancer. A dietary approach that would reduce the risk of diabetes, obesity, lung cancer, and, therefore, cancer, would be one based mostly on whole plants and restrictions on red and processed meats and ultraprocessed foods. Solar UVB exposure for a few minutes before applying sunscreen and taking vitamin D supplements would also help reduce the risk of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- William B Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition, and Health Research Center, 1745 Pacific Ave., Suite 504, San Francisco, CA 94109, USA
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Zhang Q, Zhu L, Yuan S, Lu S, Zhang X. Identifying risk factors for hypoxemia during emergence from anesthesia in patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. J Robot Surg 2024; 18:200. [PMID: 38713381 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-024-01964-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP) has emerged as an effective treatment for prostate cancer with obvious advantages. This study aims to identify risk factors related to hypoxemia during the emergence from anesthesia in patients undergoing RALP. A cohort of 316 patients undergoing RALP was divided into two groups: the hypoxemia group (N = 134) and the non-hypoxemia group (N = 182), based on their postoperative oxygen fraction. Comprehensive data were collected from the hospital information system, including preoperative baseline parameters, intraoperative data, and postoperative recovery profiles. Risk factors were examined using multiple logistic regression analysis. The study showed that 38.9% of patients had low preoperative partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) levels. Several clinical parameters showed significant differences between the hypoxemia group and the non-hypoxemia group, including weight (P < 0.0001), BMI (P < 0.0001), diabetes mellitus (P = 0.044), history of emphysema and pulmonary alveoli (P < 0.0001), low preoperative PaO2 (P < 0.0001), preoperative white blood cell count (P = 0.012), preoperative albumin (P = 0.048), intraoperative bleeding (P = 0.043), intraoperative CO2 accumulation (P = 0.001), duration of surgery (P = 0.046), postoperative hemoglobin level (P = 0.002), postoperative hypoxemia (P = 0.002), and early postoperative fever (P = 0.006). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed BMI (adjusted odds ratio = 0.696, 95% confidence interval 0.612-0.719), low preoperative PaO2 (adjusted odds ratio = 9.119, 95% confidence interval 4.834-17.203), and history of emphysema and pulmonary alveoli (adjusted odds ratio = 2.804, 95% confidence interval 1.432-5.491) as independent factors significantly associated with hypoxemia on emergence from anesthesia in patients undergoing RALP. Our results demonstrate that BMI, lower preoperative PaO2, and a history of emphysema and pulmonary alveolar disease are independent risk factors associated with hypoxemia on emergence from anesthesia in patients undergoing RALP. These findings provide a theoretical framework for surgeons and anesthesiologists to facilitate strategies to mitigate postoperative hypoxemia in this unique patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, #299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Leilei Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, #299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shengjie Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, #299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shunmei Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, #299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, #299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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Ferenc K, Marcinkowski M, Olszewski J, Kowalczyk P, Pilžys T, Garbicz D, Dib N, Świderska B, Matyba P, Gajewski Z, Grzesiuk E, Zabielski R. The proteomic profile is altered but not repaired after bariatric surgery in type 2 diabetes pigs. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10235. [PMID: 38702370 PMCID: PMC11068747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60022-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
To reveal the sources of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in humans, animal models, mainly rodents, have been used. Here, we propose a pig model of T2D. Weaned piglets were fed high fat/high sugar diet suppling 150% of metabolizable energy. Measurements of weight gain, blood morphology, glucose plasma levels, cholesterol, and triglycerides, as well as glucose tolerance (oral glucose tolerance test, OGTT) were employed to observe T2D development. The histology and mass spectrometry analyses were made post mortem. Within 6 months, the high fat-high sugar (HFHS) fed pigs showed gradual and significant increase in plasma triglycerides and glucose levels in comparison to the controls. Using OGTT test, we found stable glucose intolerance in 10 out of 14 HFHS pigs. Mass spectrometry analysis indicated significant changes in 330 proteins in the intestine, liver, and pancreas of the HFHS pigs. These pigs showed also an increase in DNA base modifications and elevated level of the ALKBH proteins in the tissues. Six diabetic HFHS pigs underwent Scopinaro bariatric surgery restoring glycaemia one month after surgery. In conclusion, a high energy diet applied to piglets resulted in the development of hyperlipidaemia, hyperglycaemia, and type 2 diabetes being reversed by a bariatric procedure, excluding the proteomic profile utill one month after the surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Ferenc
- Center for Translational Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 100, 02-797, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Marcinkowski
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Olszewski
- Center for Translational Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 100, 02-797, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Kowalczyk
- Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110, Jabłonna, Poland
| | - Tomaš Pilžys
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Damian Garbicz
- Institute of Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research, W.K. Roentgena 5, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Naser Dib
- European Health Centre Otwock (ECZ Otwock), The Fryderyk Chopin Hospital, Borowa 14/18, 05-400, Otwock, Poland
| | - Bianka Świderska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Matyba
- Center for Translational Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 100, 02-797, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zdzisław Gajewski
- Center for Translational Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 100, 02-797, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Grzesiuk
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Romuald Zabielski
- Center for Translational Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 100, 02-797, Warsaw, Poland.
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Kountouras J, Boziki M, Kazakos E, Theotokis P, Kesidou E, Nella M, Bakirtzis C, Karafoulidou E, Vardaka E, Mouratidou MC, Kyrailidi F, Tzitiridou-Chatzopoulou M, Orovou E, Giartza-Taxidou E, Deretzi G, Grigoriadis N, Doulberis M. Impact of Helicobacter pylori and metabolic syndrome on mast cell activation-related pathophysiology and neurodegeneration. Neurochem Int 2024; 175:105724. [PMID: 38508416 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Both Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are highly prevalent worldwide. The emergence of relevant research suggesting a pathogenic linkage between H. pylori infection and MetS-related cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and neurodegenerative disorders, particularly through mechanisms involving brain pericyte deficiency, hyperhomocysteinemia, hyperfibrinogenemia, elevated lipoprotein-a, galectin-3 overexpression, atrial fibrillation, and gut dysbiosis, has raised stimulating questions regarding their pathophysiology and its translational implications for clinicians. An additional stimulating aspect refers to H. pylori and MetS-related activation of innate immune cells, mast cells (MC), which is an important, often early, event in systemic inflammatory pathologies and related brain disorders. Synoptically, MC degranulation may play a role in the pathogenesis of H. pylori and MetS-related obesity, adipokine effects, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, arterial hypertension, vascular dysfunction and arterial stiffness, an early indicator of atherosclerosis associated with cardio-cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. Meningeal MC can be activated by triggers including stress and toxins resulting in vascular changes and neurodegeneration. Likewise, H.pylori and MetS-related MC activation is linked with: (a) vasculitis and thromboembolic events that increase the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative disorders, and (b) gut dysbiosis-associated neurodegeneration, whereas modulation of gut microbiota and MC activation may promote neuroprotection. This narrative review investigates the intricate relationship between H. pylori infection, MetS, MC activation, and their collective impact on pathophysiological processes linked to neurodegeneration. Through a comprehensive search of current literature, we elucidate the mechanisms through which H. pylori and MetS contribute to MC activation, subsequently triggering cascades of inflammatory responses. This highlights the role of MC as key mediators in the pathogenesis of cardio-cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative disorders, emphasizing their involvement in neuroinflammation, vascular dysfunction and, ultimately, neuronal damage. Although further research is warranted, we provide a novel perspective on the pathophysiology and management of brain disorders by exploring potential therapeutic strategies targeting H. pylori eradication, MetS management, and modulation of MC to mitigate neurodegeneration risk while promoting neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannis Kountouras
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, 54642, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece.
| | - Marina Boziki
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology and the Multiple Sclerosis Center, 2nd Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Evangelos Kazakos
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, 54642, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece; School of Healthcare Sciences, Midwifery Department, University of West Macedonia, Koila, Kozani, 50100, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Paschalis Theotokis
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology and the Multiple Sclerosis Center, 2nd Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Evangelia Kesidou
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology and the Multiple Sclerosis Center, 2nd Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Maria Nella
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology and the Multiple Sclerosis Center, 2nd Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Christos Bakirtzis
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology and the Multiple Sclerosis Center, 2nd Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Eleni Karafoulidou
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology and the Multiple Sclerosis Center, 2nd Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Elisabeth Vardaka
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, 54642, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece; Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, Alexander Campus, 57400, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Maria C Mouratidou
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, 54642, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Foteini Kyrailidi
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, 54642, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Maria Tzitiridou-Chatzopoulou
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, 54642, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece; School of Healthcare Sciences, Midwifery Department, University of West Macedonia, Koila, Kozani, 50100, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Eirini Orovou
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, 54642, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece; School of Healthcare Sciences, Midwifery Department, University of West Macedonia, Koila, Kozani, 50100, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Evaggelia Giartza-Taxidou
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, 54642, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Georgia Deretzi
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, 54642, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece; Department of Neurology, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Grigoriadis
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology and the Multiple Sclerosis Center, 2nd Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Michael Doulberis
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, 54642, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece; Gastroklinik, Private Gastroenterological Practice, 8810, Horgen, Switzerland; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University Department, Kantonsspital Aarau, 5001, Aarau, Switzerland
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Pham TT, Nimptsch K, Aleksandrova K, Jenab M, Fedirko V, Wu K, Eriksen AK, Tjønneland A, Severi G, Rothwell J, Kaaks R, Katzke V, Catalano A, Agnoli C, Masala G, De Magistris MS, Tumino R, Vermeulen R, Aizpurua A, Trobajo-Sanmartín C, Chirlaque MD, Sánchez MJ, Lu SSM, Cross AJ, Christakoudi S, Weiderpass E, Pischon T. Pre-diagnostic circulating resistin concentrations and mortality among individuals with colorectal cancer: Results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:1596-1606. [PMID: 38200695 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Resistin is a protein involved in inflammation and angiogenesis processes and may play a role in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, it remains unclear whether resistin is associated with increased mortality after CRC diagnosis. We examined pre-diagnostic serum resistin concentrations in relation to CRC-specific and all-cause mortality among 1343 incident CRC cases from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. For CRC-specific mortality as the primary outcome, hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated from competing risk analyses based on cause-specific Cox proportional hazards models and further in sensitivity analyses using Fine-Gray proportional subdistribution hazards models. For all-cause mortality as the secondary outcome, Cox proportional hazards models were used. Subgroup analyses were performed by sex, tumor subsite, tumor stage, body mass index and time to CRC diagnosis. Resistin was measured on a median of 4.8 years before CRC diagnosis. During a median follow-up of 8.2 years, 474 deaths from CRC and 147 deaths from other causes were observed. Resistin concentrations were not associated with CRC-specific mortality (HRQ4vsQ1 = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.73-1.23; Ptrend = .97; and HRper doubling of resistin concentration = 1.00; 95% CI: 0.84-1.19; P = .98) or all-cause mortality. Results from competing risk (sensitivity) analysis were similar. No associations were found in any subgroup analyses. These findings suggest no association between pre-diagnostic circulating resistin concentrations and CRC-specific or all-cause mortality among persons with CRC, and the potential insignificance of resistin in CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu Thi Pham
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Hum-boldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Nimptsch
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Veronika Fedirko
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm "Exposome and Heredity" Team, Villejuif, France
| | - Joseph Rothwell
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm "Exposome and Heredity" Team, Villejuif, France
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Verena Katzke
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alberto Catalano
- Centre for Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Public Health, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | | | - Rosario Tumino
- Hyblean Association for Epidemiological Research, AIRE ONLUS, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Amaia Aizpurua
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Camino Trobajo-Sanmartín
- Instituto de Salud Pública y Laboral de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarre Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - María-Dolores Chirlaque
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia University, Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria-Jose Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Sai San Moon Lu
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sofia Christakoudi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Hum-boldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Biobank Technology Platform, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Core Facility Biobank, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Abd El-Hameed AM, Eskandrani AA, Salah Abdel-Reheim E, Abdel Moneim A, Addaleel W. The amelioration effect of antidiabetic agents on cytokine expression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:102029. [PMID: 38525262 PMCID: PMC10960149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.102029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a condition that is closely linked to diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM), short for T2DM several different antidiabetic medications have been produced to regulate hyperglycemia, with indications that these therapies may have anti-inflammatory effects along with their glucose-lowering efficacy. Thus, this research was planned to explore the impact of antidiabetic agents on the cytokine expression levels -interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-37 when patients have T2DM. In this study, 168 eligible subject matter was split into two groups: 50 healthy individuals and 118 cases with T2DM, who were classified into two subgroups: 30 untreated patients and 88 patients treated with metformin-based therapy. The outcome exhibited a significant increase within HbA1c% and proinflammatory cytokines (i.e., IL-1β, IL- 6, and IL-17), whereas IL-37 decreased considerably in untreated cases with T2DM compared to those in subjects who are healthy. Furthermore, the results showed increased levels Regarding waist size, body mass index and assessment using that homeostasis model, cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein levels, and heart danger elements in untreated cases with T2DM in comparison with hygienic subjects. Notably, treated patients with T2DM revealed an ameliorative impact on HbA1c, IL-6, IL-17, IL-37, IL-1β levels and lipid profile compared with untreated patients with T2DM. Antidiabetic agents may have a beneficial activity on the inflammatory status by reducing blood glucose levels, hyperlipidemia, and proinflammatory cytokines. The anti-inflammatory activity of IL-37 can apply a potentially effective therapeutic goal in treating T2DM and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adel Abdel Moneim
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
| | - Wessam Addaleel
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
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Hezam AAM, Shaghdar HBM, Chen L. The connection between hypertension and diabetes and their role in heart and kidney disease development. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 29:22. [PMID: 38855561 PMCID: PMC11162087 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_470_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Hypertension and diabetes are two common metabolic disorders that often coexist in the same individual. Their concurrence increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, renal dysfunction, and other complications. Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals with diabetes, and hypertension further aggravates this condition. Interestingly, hypertension and diabetes share several common pathophysiological mechanisms including insulin resistance, vascular inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, obesity, and oxidative stress suggesting a cross-talk between these two conditions that could potentially contribute to the development of other human diseases. Effective management of diabetes should include a multifaceted approach that addresses not only glycemic control but also blood pressure (BP) and lipid control. Treatment plans should be individualized to each patient's needs and should involve a combination of lifestyle modifications and medications to achieve optimal control. With the availability of newer antidiabetic medications such as SGLT inhibitors and GLP1 receptor agonists, it is crucial to consider their potential to reduce BP, enhance kidney function, and lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases when initiating treatment for glycemic control. A more profound comprehension of the shared underlying mechanisms between these conditions could pave the way for the development of innovative therapeutic approaches to tackle them. Our review offers an in-depth analysis of the literature, providing a holistic view of the mechanisms underlying diabetes-hypertension comorbidity and its implications on heart and kidney diseases. The present article concludes by discussing current approaches for managing hypertensive diabetic patients to create a set of comprehensive individualized recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ahmed Mohammed Hezam
- Department of General Practice, School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Liying Chen
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Guan Y, Wei X, Li J, Zhu Y, Luo P, Luo M. Obesity-related glomerulopathy: recent advances in inflammatory mechanisms and related treatments. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:819-839. [PMID: 38427925 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related glomerulopathy, which is an obesity-triggered kidney damage, has become a significant threat to human health. Several studies have recently highlighted the critical role of inflammation in obesity-related glomerulopathy development. Additionally, excess adipose tissue and adipocytes in patients with obesity produce various inflammatory factors that cause systemic low-grade inflammation with consequent damage to vascular endothelial cells, exacerbating glomerular injury. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive review of obesity-related glomerulopathy and addressed the critical role of obesity-induced chronic inflammation in obesity-related glomerulopathy pathogenesis and progression, which leads to tubular damage and proteinuria, ultimately impairing renal function. The relationship between obesity and obesity-related glomerulopathy is facilitated by a network of various inflammation-associated cells (including macrophages, lymphocytes, and mast cells) and a series of inflammatory mediators (such as tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, leptin, adiponectin, resistin, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1) and their inflammatory pathways. Furthermore, we discuss a recently discovered relationship between micronutrients and obesity-related glomerulopathy inflammation and the important role of micronutrients in the body's anti-inflammatory response. Therefore, assessing these inflammatory molecules and pathways will provide a strong theoretical basis for developing therapeutic strategies based on anti-inflammatory effects to prevent or delay the onset of kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucan Guan
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziquiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Xianping Wei
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziquiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Jicui Li
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziquiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Yuexin Zhu
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziquiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Ping Luo
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziquiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Manyu Luo
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziquiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
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Hong L, Zahradka P, Taylor CG. Differential Modulation by Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) of Mesenteric Fat and Macrophages and T Cells in Adipose Tissue of Obese fa/ fa Zucker Rats. Nutrients 2024; 16:1311. [PMID: 38732558 PMCID: PMC11085824 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can alter adipose tissue function; however, the relative effects of plant and marine n3-PUFAs are less clear. Our objective was to directly compare the n3-PUFAs, plant-based α-linolenic acid (ALA) in flaxseed oil, and marine-based eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in high-purity oils versus n6-PUFA containing linoleic acid (LA) for their effects on the adipose tissue and oral glucose tolerance of obese rats. Male fa/fa Zucker rats were assigned to faALA, faEPA, faDHA, and faLA groups and compared to baseline fa/fa rats (faBASE) and lean Zucker rats (lnLA). After 8 weeks, faEPA and faDHA had 11-14% lower body weight than faLA. The oral glucose tolerance and total body fat were unchanged, but faEPA had less mesenteric fat. faEPA and faDHA had fewer large adipocytes compared to faLA and faALA. EPA reduced macrophages in the adipose tissue of fa/fa rats compared to ALA and DHA, while faLA had the greatest macrophage infiltration. DHA decreased (~10-fold) T-cell infiltration compared to faBASE and faEPA, whereas faALA and faLA had an ~40% increase. The n3-PUFA diets attenuated tumour necrosis factor-α in adipose tissue compared to faBASE, while it was increased by LA in both genotypes. In conclusion, EPA and DHA target different aspects of inflammation in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Hong
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada;
| | - Peter Zahradka
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada;
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Carla G. Taylor
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada;
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
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Cadena-Ullauri S, Guevara-Ramírez P, Ruiz-Pozo VA, Tamayo-Trujillo R, Paz-Cruz E, Zambrano-Villacres R, Simancas-Racines D, Zambrano AK. The effect of intermittent fasting on microbiota as a therapeutic approach in obesity. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1393292. [PMID: 38725575 PMCID: PMC11079193 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1393292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a public health challenge, arises from a complex interplay of factors such as dietary habits and genetic predisposition. Alterations in gut microbiota, characterized by an imbalance between Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, further exacerbate metabolic dysregulation, promoting inflammation and metabolic disturbances. Intermittent fasting (IF) emerges as a promising dietary strategy showing efficacy in weight management and favoring fat utilization. Studies have used mice as animal models to demonstrate the impact of IF on gut microbiota composition, highlighting enhanced metabolism and reduced inflammation. In humans, preliminary evidence suggests that IF promotes a healthy microbiota profile, with increased richness and abundance of beneficial bacterial strains like Lactobacillus and Akkermansia. However, further clinical trials are necessary to validate these findings and elucidate the long-term effects of IF on microbiota and obesity. Future research should focus on specific tissues and cells, the use of advanced -omics techniques, and exploring the interaction of IF with other dietary patterns, to analyze microbiota composition, gene expression, and potential synergistic effects for enhanced metabolic health. While preliminary evidence supports the potential benefits of IF in obesity management and microbiota regulation, further research with diverse populations and robust methodologies is necessary to understand its implications and optimize personalized dietary interventions. This review explores the potential impact of IF on gut microbiota and its intricate relationship with obesity. Specifically, we will focus on elucidating the underlying mechanisms through which IF affects microbiota composition, as well as its subsequent effects on obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Cadena-Ullauri
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Patricia Guevara-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Viviana A. Ruiz-Pozo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Rafael Tamayo-Trujillo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Elius Paz-Cruz
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - Daniel Simancas-Racines
- Centro de Investigación de Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Ana Karina Zambrano
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
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Silva M, Avni D, Varela J, Barreira L. The Ocean's Pharmacy: Health Discoveries in Marine Algae. Molecules 2024; 29:1900. [PMID: 38675719 PMCID: PMC11055030 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a global health challenge, constituting a major cause of mortality and disease burden in the 21st century. Addressing the prevention and management of NCDs is crucial for improving global public health, emphasizing the need for comprehensive strategies, early interventions, and innovative therapeutic approaches to mitigate their far-reaching consequences. Marine organisms, mainly algae, produce diverse marine natural products with significant therapeutic potential. Harnessing the largely untapped potential of algae could revolutionize drug development and contribute to combating NCDs, marking a crucial step toward natural and targeted therapeutic approaches. This review examines bioactive extracts, compounds, and commercial products derived from macro- and microalgae, exploring their protective properties against oxidative stress, inflammation, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, metabolic diseases, and cancer across in vitro, cell-based, in vivo, and clinical studies. Most research focuses on macroalgae, demonstrating antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, gut health modulation, metabolic health promotion, and anti-cancer effects. Microalgae products also exhibit anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and anti-cancer properties. Although studies mainly investigated extracts and fractions, isolated compounds from algae have also been explored. Notably, polysaccharides, phlorotannins, carotenoids, and terpenes emerge as prominent compounds, collectively representing 42.4% of the investigated compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Silva
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (M.S.); (J.V.)
| | - Dorit Avni
- MIGAL Galilee Institute, Kiryat Shmona 1106000, Israel;
| | - João Varela
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (M.S.); (J.V.)
- Green Colab—Associação Oceano Verde, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Luísa Barreira
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (M.S.); (J.V.)
- Green Colab—Associação Oceano Verde, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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Tzitiridou-Chatzopoulou M, Kazakos E, Orovou E, Andronikidi PE, Kyrailidi F, Mouratidou MC, Iatrakis G, Kountouras J. The Role of Helicobacter pylori and Metabolic Syndrome-Related Mast Cell Activation Pathologies and Their Potential Impact on Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2360. [PMID: 38673633 PMCID: PMC11050948 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection, a significant global burden beyond the gastrointestinal tract, has long been implicated in various systemic pathologies. Rising evidence suggests that the bacterium's intricate relationship with the immune system and its potential to induce chronic inflammation impact diverse pathophysiological processes in pregnant women that may in turn affect the incidence of several adverse pregnancy and neonate outcomes. Helicobacter pylori infection, which has been linked to metabolic syndrome and other disorders by provoking pericyte dysfunction, hyperhomocysteinemia, galectin-3, atrial fibrillation, gut dysbiosis, and mast cell activation pathologies, may also contribute to adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Together with increasing our biological understanding of the individual and collective involvement of Helicobacter pylori infection-related metabolic syndrome and concurrent activation of mast cells in maternal, fetus, and neonatal health outcomes, the present narrative review may foster related research endeavors to offer novel therapeutic approaches and informed clinical practice interventions to mitigate relevant risks of this critical topic among pregnant women and their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tzitiridou-Chatzopoulou
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Midwifery, University of Western Macedonia, 50100 Koila, Greece; (M.T.-C.); (E.K.); (E.O.)
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, Macedonia, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece; (F.K.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Evangelos Kazakos
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Midwifery, University of Western Macedonia, 50100 Koila, Greece; (M.T.-C.); (E.K.); (E.O.)
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, Macedonia, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece; (F.K.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Eirini Orovou
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Midwifery, University of Western Macedonia, 50100 Koila, Greece; (M.T.-C.); (E.K.); (E.O.)
| | - Paraskevi Eva Andronikidi
- Department of Nephrology, Aretaieion University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece;
| | - Foteini Kyrailidi
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, Macedonia, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece; (F.K.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Maria C. Mouratidou
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, Macedonia, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece; (F.K.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Georgios Iatrakis
- Department of Midwifery, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece;
| | - Jannis Kountouras
- Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, Macedonia, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece; (F.K.); (M.C.M.)
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Seida I, Al Shawaf M, Mahroum N. Fecal microbiota transplantation in autoimmune diseases - An extensive paper on a pathogenetic therapy. Autoimmun Rev 2024; 23:103541. [PMID: 38593970 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The role of infections in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases has long been recognized and reported. In addition to infectious agents, the internal composition of the "friendly" living bacteria, (microbiome) and its correlation to immune balance and dysregulation have drawn the attention of researchers for decades. Nevertheless, only recently, scientific papers regarding the potential role of transferring microbiome from healthy donor subjects to patients with autoimmune diseases has been proposed. Fecal microbiota transplantation or FMT, carries the logic of transferring microorganisms responsible for immune balance from healthy donors to individuals with immune dysregulation or more accurately for our paper, autoimmune diseases. Viewing the microbiome as a pathogenetic player allows us to consider FMT as a pathogenetic-based treatment. Promising results alongside improved outcomes have been demonstrated in patients with different autoimmune diseases following FMT. Therefore, in our current extensive review, we aimed to highlight the implication of FMT in various autoimmune diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune thyroid and liver diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus, and type 1 diabetes mellitus, among others. Presenting all the aspects of FMT in more than 12 autoimmune diseases in one paper, to the best of our knowledge, is the first time presented in medical literature. Viewing FMT as such could contribute to better understanding and newer application of the model in the therapy of autoimmune diseases, indeed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isa Seida
- International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Maisam Al Shawaf
- International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Naim Mahroum
- International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Li Z, Ye H, Chu H, Chen L, Li J, Li J, Yang D, Yang M, Du L, Wang M, Gao F. Acute non-traffic traumatic spinal cord injury in the aging population: Analysis of the National Inpatient Sample 2005-2018. J Orthop Sci 2024:S0949-2658(24)00047-2. [PMID: 38565448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine risk factors for poor in-hospital outcomes in a large cohort of older adult patients with acute non-traffic traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI). METHODS This is a population-based, retrospective, observational study. Data of older adults ≥65 years with a primary discharge diagnosis of acute non-traffic tSCI were extracted from the US National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database 2005-2018. Traffic-related tSCI admissions or patients lacking complete data on age, sex and outcomes of interest were excluded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine associations between variables and in-hospital outcomes. RESULTS Data of 49,449 older patients (representing 246,939 persons in the US) were analyzed. The mean age was 79.9 years. Multivariable analyses revealed that severe International Classification of Disease (ICD)-based injury severity score (ICISS) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.77-3.57), quadriplegia (aOR = 2.79, 95%CI: 2.34-3.32), paraplegia (aOR = 2.60, 95%CI:1.89-3.58), cervical injury with vertebral fracture (aOR = 2.19, 95%CI: 1.90-2.52), and severe liver disease (aOR = 2.33, 95%CI: 1.34-4.04) were all strong independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. In addition, malnutrition (aOR = 3.19, 95% CI: 2.93-3.48) was the strongest predictors of prolonged length of stay (LOS). CONCLUSIONS Several critical factors for in-hospital mortality, unfavorable discharge, and prolonged LOS among US older adults with acute non-traffic tSCI were identified. In addition to the factors associated with initial severity, the presence of severe liver disease and malnutrition emerged as strong predictors of unfavorable outcomes, highlighting the need for special attention for these patient subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeqin Li
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Hua Ye
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Hongyu Chu
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China; School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China; School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Jun Li
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China; School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China; School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100068, China; Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Degang Yang
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China; School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Mingliang Yang
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China; School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Liangjie Du
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China; School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Maoyuan Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China; Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China; School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100068, China.
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Zhang L, Wan B, Zheng J, Chen L, Xuan Y, Zhang R, Chen Z, Hu C, Zhang Y, Yan C. Polystyrene nanoplastics inhibit beige fat function and exacerbate metabolic disorder in high-fat diet-fed mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170700. [PMID: 38331288 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Global health concerns about micro- and nanoplastics are increasing. The newly discovered beige adipocytes play a vital role in energy homeostasis through their high thermogenic capacity upon activation. However, the effects of micro- and nanoplastics on beige adipocytes have not yet been studied. We investigated whether the effects of oral exposure to polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NPs) on systemic metabolic performance can be induced by disrupting beige adipocyte function, and the potential mechanism. In the present study, C57BL/6J male mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) with or without PS-NPs exposure for 12 weeks to investigate the differences in metabolic performance. We also isolated stromal vascular fraction from C57BL/6J male mice to differentiate and prepare primary beige adipocyte cultures. Primary beige adipocytes were treated with PS-NPs on the sixth day of differentiation. The results showed that oral intake of PS-NPs exacerbated metabolic disorders of mice under HFD, including suppressed energy expenditure, increased fat mass and liver steatosis, decreased insulin sensitivity, disrupted glucose homeostasis, and decreased cold-tolerance capability compared with the control group. Intriguingly, we observed that, after a 12-week exposure, PS-NPs accumulated in the inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT), a fat depot rich in beige adipocytes, further suppressing thermogenic gene programs, particularly the level of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), a master regulator in the browning process of beige adipocytes. These effects ultimately led to decreased energy expenditure and subsequent disorders of glucolipid metabolism. Mechanistically, we revealed that PS-NPs disrupt mitochondrial function and induce oxidative damage and inflammation in beige adipocytes to inhibit their function. These negative metabolic effects of PS-NPs were ameliorated by antioxidant supplementation. Our study is the first to demonstrate that PS-NPs exposure exacerbates metabolic disorder in HFD-fed mice by disrupting beige adipocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Baocheng Wan
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jiangfei Zheng
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Liwei Chen
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Ye Xuan
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Cheng Hu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Chonghuai Yan
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
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48
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Yeyeodu S, Hanafi D, Webb K, Laurie NA, Kimbro KS. Population-enriched innate immune variants may identify candidate gene targets at the intersection of cancer and cardio-metabolic disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1286979. [PMID: 38577257 PMCID: PMC10991756 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1286979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Both cancer and cardio-metabolic disease disparities exist among specific populations in the US. For example, African Americans experience the highest rates of breast and prostate cancer mortality and the highest incidence of obesity. Native and Hispanic Americans experience the highest rates of liver cancer mortality. At the same time, Pacific Islanders have the highest death rate attributed to type 2 diabetes (T2D), and Asian Americans experience the highest incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cancers induced by infectious agents. Notably, the pathologic progression of both cancer and cardio-metabolic diseases involves innate immunity and mechanisms of inflammation. Innate immunity in individuals is established through genetic inheritance and external stimuli to respond to environmental threats and stresses such as pathogen exposure. Further, individual genomes contain characteristic genetic markers associated with one or more geographic ancestries (ethnic groups), including protective innate immune genetic programming optimized for survival in their corresponding ancestral environment(s). This perspective explores evidence related to our working hypothesis that genetic variations in innate immune genes, particularly those that are commonly found but unevenly distributed between populations, are associated with disparities between populations in both cancer and cardio-metabolic diseases. Identifying conventional and unconventional innate immune genes that fit this profile may provide critical insights into the underlying mechanisms that connect these two families of complex diseases and offer novel targets for precision-based treatment of cancer and/or cardio-metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Yeyeodu
- Julius L Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Institute (JLC-BBRI), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, United States
- Charles River Discovery Services, Morrisville, NC, United States
| | - Donia Hanafi
- Julius L Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Institute (JLC-BBRI), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Kenisha Webb
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Nikia A. Laurie
- Julius L Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Institute (JLC-BBRI), North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - K. Sean Kimbro
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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49
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Herup-Wheeler T, Shi M, Harvey ME, Talwar C, Kommagani R, MacLean JA, Hayashi K. High-fat diets promote peritoneal inflammation and augment endometriosis-associated abdominal hyperalgesia. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1336496. [PMID: 38559689 PMCID: PMC10978581 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1336496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune dysfunction is one of the central components in the development and progression of endometriosis by establishing a chronic inflammatory environment. Western-style high-fat diets (HFD) have been linked to greater systemic inflammation to cause metabolic and chronic inflammatory diseases, and are also considered an environmental risk factor for gynecologic diseases. Here, we aimed to examine how HFD cause an inflammatory environment in endometriosis and discern their contribution to endometriotic-associated hyperalgesia. Our results showed that HFD-induced obesity enhanced abdominal hyperalgesia that was induced by endometriotic lesions. Peritoneal inflammatory macrophages and cytokine levels increased by lesion induction were elevated by chronic exposure to HFD. Increased expression of pain-related mediators in the dorsal root ganglia was observed after lesion induction under the HFD condition. Although HFD did not affect inflammatory macrophages in the peritoneal cavity without lesion induction, the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota were clearly altered by HFD as a sign of low-grade systemic inflammation. Thus, HFD alone might not establish a local inflammatory environment in the pelvic cavity, but it can contribute to further enhancing chronic inflammation, leading to the exacerbation of endometriosis-associated abdominal hyperalgesia following the establishment and progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristin Herup-Wheeler
- School of Molecular Bioscience, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Mingxin Shi
- School of Molecular Bioscience, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Madeleine E. Harvey
- School of Molecular Bioscience, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Chandni Talwar
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ramakrishna Kommagani
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - James A. MacLean
- School of Molecular Bioscience, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Kanako Hayashi
- School of Molecular Bioscience, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
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50
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Reyes JM, Tovy A, Zhang L, Bortoletto AS, Rosas C, Chen CW, Waldvogel SM, Guzman AG, Aguilar R, Gupta S, Liu L, Buckley MT, Patel KR, Marcogliese AN, Li Y, Curry CV, Rando TA, Brunet A, Parchem RJ, Rau RE, Goodell MA. Hematologic DNMT3A reduction and high-fat diet synergize to promote weight gain and tissue inflammation. iScience 2024; 27:109122. [PMID: 38414863 PMCID: PMC10897855 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
During aging, blood cell production becomes dominated by a limited number of variant hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) clones. Differentiated progeny of variant HSCs are thought to mediate the detrimental effects of such clonal hematopoiesis on organismal health, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. While somatic mutations in DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) frequently drive clonal dominance, the aging milieu also likely contributes. Here, we examined in mice the interaction between high-fat diet (HFD) and reduced DNMT3A in hematopoietic cells; strikingly, this combination led to weight gain. HFD amplified pro-inflammatory pathways and upregulated inflammation-associated genes in mutant cells along a pro-myeloid trajectory. Aberrant DNA methylation during myeloid differentiation and in response to HFD led to pro-inflammatory activation and maintenance of stemness genes. These findings suggest that reduced DNMT3A in hematopoietic cells contributes to weight gain, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction, highlighting a role for DNMT3A loss in the development of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime M. Reyes
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ayala Tovy
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Linda Zhang
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Angelina S. Bortoletto
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carina Rosas
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chun-Wei Chen
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sarah M. Waldvogel
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Cancer and Cell Biology Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anna G. Guzman
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rogelio Aguilar
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sinjini Gupta
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Kalyani R. Patel
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Yumei Li
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Choladda V. Curry
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas A. Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Anne Brunet
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Ronald J. Parchem
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rachel E. Rau
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Margaret A. Goodell
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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