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Schiza S, Bouloukaki I, Kaditis A, Lombardi C, Bonsignore MR. Vitamin D deficiency: A forgotten aspect in sleep disorders? A critical update. Sleep Med 2024; 121:77-84. [PMID: 38941960 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Over the past few years, there has been a surge in interest regarding the connection between sleep duration and quality, sleep disorders, mainly Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and Vitamin D. There is growing evidence to support a new role of Vitamin D in the maintenance and regulation of optimal sleep. Furthermore, a notable link has been identified between OSA and a decrease in serum Vitamin D levels, which appears to intensify as the severity of sleep apnea worsens. Vitamin D status could also potentially serve as a mediator or provide an explanation for the association between OSA and cardiometabolic morbidity, but the current state of research in this area is inadequate. Studies have indicated that the supplementation of Vitamin D can optimize sleep quality, presenting more proof of the connection between insufficient vitamin D levels and sleep disorders. However, it is unclear whether low serum Vitamin D levels are a contributing factor to OSA development or if OSA predisposes individuals to Vitamin D deficiency. As a result, various studies have endeavored to examine the complex relationship between OSA and Vitamin D deficiency. In children and adolescents, while data is limited, there seems also to be a link between sleep disorders and Vitamin D levels. Therefore, the objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence on the association between Vitamin D and sleep disorders in both adults and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Schiza
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Izolde Bouloukaki
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Athanasios Kaditis
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis Center, Department of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, MUHC Children's Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA; Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Carolina Lombardi
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, St. Luke Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria R Bonsignore
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, PROMISE Dept, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; IBIM CNR, Palermo, Italy
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2
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Chen Y, Zhang H, Pan Y, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Liu L, Jia Q, Wang Y, Kong Y. Association between cardiovascular health and serum vitamin D and its interaction with prediabetes and diabetes. Am J Med Sci 2024:S0002-9629(24)01414-9. [PMID: 39186977 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2024.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prediabetes and diabetes are common and serious public health problems, and high blood glucose can lead to serious cardiovascular complications. The purpose of this article was to explore the link between CVH levels and the incidence of prediabetes and diabetes in people over 20 years old, and whether serum vitamin D status could alter this relationship. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data, from six consecutive cycles of the NHANES database from 2007 to 2018 were combined, eligible participants were aged ≥20 years. After excluding missing data, a total of 19,992 subjects were enrolled in the study. Significant risk factors for prediabetes and diabetes were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Exploring the interaction of VD and CVH on prediabetes and diabetes based on multifactorial regression analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of prediabetes among all participants was 36.15% and the prevalence of diabetes was 16.39%. CVH and vitamin D levels are influential factors in prediabetes and diabetes, and are negatively associated with the risk of developing prediabetes and diabetes. Compared with normoglycemia, poorer CVH and vitamin D deficiency only had a synergistic multiplicative interaction on the development of diabetes, and no significant interaction was observed for the development of prediabetes. Compared with prediabetes, poorer CVH and vitamin D deficiency still had a synergistic additive interaction on the development of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Although the cross-sectional study only determine the association and do not prove causality, the current results can be used to prompt people to improve their lifestyle and risk factors to prevent prediabetes or diabetes through higher CVH and adequate Vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Haiyu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yanbing Pan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yanzi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yuxuan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Qiuting Jia
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yongle Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yihui Kong
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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3
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Gouveia HJCB, da Silva MM, Manhães de Castro R, da Silva LKTM, da Silva Calado CMS, da Silva Araújo ER, Cruz Silva MDA, Toscano AE. Vitamin D supplementation does not alter inflammatory markers in overweight and obese individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Res 2024; 128:24-37. [PMID: 39002359 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation is a common feature of obesity and plays a crucial role in the progression of its complications. Vitamin D (VitD) plays an important role in modulating the immune response and regulating inflammation. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of isolated VitD supplementation on main inflammatory markers in overweight and obese individuals with no comorbidities and with VitD deficiency. We hypothesized that the increase in serum VitD concentrations after supplementation would significantly reduce the concentrations of inflammatory markers. The search was conducted in Medline/PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Eleven randomized placebo-controlled studies were included in the final analysis, with a total of 504 participants and daily (1000-7000 international units) or bolus (100,000-200,000 international units) doses of VitD lasting from 2 to 26 weeks. The VitD supplementation did not influence C-reactive protein (mean difference [MD]: 0.01; 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.37, 0.39; P = .97), interleukin-6 (MD: -0.34; 95% CI -1.09, 0.42; P = .38), and tumor necrosis factor concentrations (MD: -0.02; 95% CI -0.23, 0.19; P = .85). In the analysis considering the studies with a significant increase in serum VitD concentrations, VitD supplementation also did not influence C-reactive protein (MD: -0.17; 95% CI -0.88, 0.54; P = .64), interleukin-6 (MD: -0.47; 95% CI -1.31, 0.37; P = .27), and tumor necrosis factor concentrations (MD: 0.01; 95% CI -1.34, 1.37; P = .98). This meta-analysis suggests that VitD supplementation does not significantly alter inflammatory markers in overweight and obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique José Cavalcanti Bezerra Gouveia
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil; Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Márcia Maria da Silva
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil; Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Raul Manhães de Castro
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil; Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Luan Kelwyny Thaywã Marques da Silva
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão-Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Caio Matheus Santos da Silva Calado
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Eulália Rebeca da Silva Araújo
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão-Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Mariana de Almeida Cruz Silva
- Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ana Elisa Toscano
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil; Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity Unit, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil; Graduate Program in Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão-Pernambuco, Brazil; Nursing Unit, Vitória Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão-Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Bournot L, Payet T, Sicard F, Breniere T, Astier J, Roux J, Bariohay B, Landrier JF. Aging alone or combined with obesity increases white adipose tissue inflammatory status in male mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16268. [PMID: 39009694 PMCID: PMC11251036 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67179-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) has been recognized as a fundamental and crucial organ of interest in research focusing on inflammation during obesity or aging. WAT is also proposed as a significant component of cholecalciferol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) storage, which participates in the decrease of 25(OH)D plasma levels reported during aging and obesity. In the present study, we evaluated WAT and plasma cholecalciferol and 25(OH)D content together with inflammatory status to highlight the putative relationship between vitamin D status and inflammatory process during aging alone or combined with obesity. Circulating cholecalciferol and 25(OH)D and the stored quantity of cholecalciferol and 25(OH)D in WAT were quantified in young and old mice fed a control or obesogenic diet. The inflammation was assessed by measuring plasma inflammatory cytokines, mRNA, and microRNAs inflammatory-associated in WAT. The combination of aging and obesity decreased 25(OH)D plasma levels but did not modify circulating inflammatory markers. A cumulative effect of aging and obesity was observed in WAT, with rising mRNA inflammatory cytokines, notably Ccl5 and Tnf. Interestingly, aging and obesity-associated were also characterized by increased inflammatory microRNA expression. The inflammatory parameters in WAT were negatively correlated with the plasma 25(OH)D but positively correlated with the quantity of cholecalciferol and 25(OH)D in WAT. These results support the cumulative effect of obesity and aging in aggravation of WAT inflammation and suggest that accumulation of cholecalciferol and 25(OH)D in WAT could constitute a mechanism to counteract WAT inflammation during aging and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorrine Bournot
- Aix-Marseille Université, C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, 13000, Marseille, France
- Biomeostasis, 13070, La Penne Sur Huveaune, France
| | - Thomas Payet
- Aix-Marseille Université, C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, 13000, Marseille, France
| | - Flavie Sicard
- Aix-Marseille Université, C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, 13000, Marseille, France
- PhenoMARS, CriBiom, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Breniere
- Aix-Marseille Université, C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, 13000, Marseille, France
| | - Julien Astier
- Aix-Marseille Université, C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, 13000, Marseille, France
| | - Julien Roux
- Biomeostasis, 13070, La Penne Sur Huveaune, France
| | | | - Jean-François Landrier
- Aix-Marseille Université, C2VN, INRAE, INSERM, 13000, Marseille, France.
- PhenoMARS, CriBiom, Marseille, France.
- C2VN, UMR 1260 INRAE/1263 INSERM/Aix Marseille Université, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France.
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5
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Bassett E, Gjekmarkaj E, Mason AM, Zhao SS, Burgess S. Vitamin D, chronic pain, and depression: linear and non-linear Mendelian randomization analyses. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:274. [PMID: 38965219 PMCID: PMC11224391 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02997-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to various chronic pain conditions. However, randomized trials of vitamin D supplementation have had mixed results. In contrast, systematic reviews of randomized trials indicate a protective effect of vitamin D supplementation on depression. We undertake a Mendelian randomization investigation in UK Biobank, a study of UK residents aged 40-65 at recruitment. We perform linear and non-linear Mendelian randomization analyses for four outcomes: fibromyalgia, clinical fatigue, chronic widespread pain, and probable lifetime major depression. We use genetic variants from four gene regions with known links to vitamin D biology as instruments. In linear analyses, genetically-predicted levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], a clinical marker of vitamin D status, were not associated with fibromyalgia (odds ratio [OR] per 10 nmol/L higher 25(OH)D 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.93, 1.12), clinical fatigue (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.94, 1.05), chronic widespread pain (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.89, 1.02), or probable lifetime major depression (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.93, 1.01). In non-linear analyses, an association was observed between genetically-predicted 25(OH)D levels and depression in the quintile of the population with the lowest 25(OH)D levels (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.59, 0.94); associations were null in other strata. Our findings suggest that population-wide vitamin D supplementation will not substantially reduce pain or depression; however, targeted supplementation of deficient individuals may reduce risk of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Bassett
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | - Eva Gjekmarkaj
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Amy M Mason
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0BD, UK
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Sizheng Steven Zhao
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Science, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biological Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Stephen Burgess
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK.
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0BD, UK.
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Nandakumar M, Das P, Sathyapalan T, Butler AE, Atkin SL. A Cross-Sectional Exploratory Study of Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers in Non-Obese Women with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Association with Vitamin D. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6330. [PMID: 38928037 PMCID: PMC11204004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is proposed to have a protective effect against cardiovascular disease, though the mechanism is unclear. Vitamin D deficiency is common in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), where it is strongly related to obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and risk of cardiovascular disease. To determine if the inherent pathophysiology of PCOS or vitamin D levels are linked to dysregulation of cardiovascular risk proteins (CVRPs), a study in non-obese women with PCOS and without IR was undertaken. Our hypothesis was that the levels of vitamin D3 and its active metabolite would be associated with CVRPs comparably in women with and without PCOS. In women with PCOS (n = 29) and controls (n = 29), 54 CVRPs were determined by Slow Off-rate Modified Aptamer (SOMA)-scan plasma protein measurement and correlated to 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) and the active 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) measured by gold standard isotope-dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Women with PCOS had comparable IR and systemic inflammation (normal C-reactive protein) to control women, though had higher free androgen index and anti-Mullerian hormone levels. 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 levels did not differ between groups. Nine CVRPs were higher in PCOS (p < 0.05) (Galectin-9, Brother of CDO, C-motif chemokine 3, Interleukin-18 receptor-1, Thrombopoietin, Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein, Programmed cell death 1 ligand-2, Low-affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc-region receptor II-b and human growth hormone), whilst 45 CVRPs did not differ. 25(OH)D3 correlated with five CVRPs in PCOS and one in controls (p < 0.05). Despite the women with PCOS not exhibiting overt systemic inflammation, 9 of 54 CVRPs were elevated, all relating to inflammation, and 5 of these correlated with 25(OH)D3, suggesting an ongoing underlying inflammatory process in PCOS even in the absence of obesity/IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjula Nandakumar
- Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Adliya P.O. Box 15503, Bahrain; (M.N.); (P.D.); (S.L.A.)
| | - Priya Das
- Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Adliya P.O. Box 15503, Bahrain; (M.N.); (P.D.); (S.L.A.)
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Hull HU6 7RU, UK;
| | - Alexandra E. Butler
- Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Adliya P.O. Box 15503, Bahrain; (M.N.); (P.D.); (S.L.A.)
| | - Stephen L. Atkin
- Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Adliya P.O. Box 15503, Bahrain; (M.N.); (P.D.); (S.L.A.)
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Alharbi SS, Albalawi AA, Al Madshush AM, Alsaidalani WMH, Aljohani OS, Alaradi AR, Alatawi AA, Albalawi RS, Alanazi LA, Albalawi HS, Asiri AE, Zamel MS, Hussain S. Association Between Lower Levels of Vitamin D and Inflammation in the Geriatric Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2024; 16:e60892. [PMID: 38910627 PMCID: PMC11193107 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
There have been suggestions that vitamin D has anti-inflammatory effects; however, the variabilities of vitamin D levels among specific groups of patients and its association with these inflammatory events have not been demonstrated. This study aims to study the association between vitamin D levels and vitamin D deficiency and inflammatory events among the elderly population. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and ClinicalKey were systematically searched in December 2023 to include the relevant data. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (version 3.0, Biostat, Inc., Englewood, NJ) was the software used for data analyses. A total of 12 studies were included in this analysis with 14,717 elderly patients. There was an overall significant decrease in vitamin D levels in elderly patients with high inflammatory markers compared to controls (Hedges' g = -0.221, 95% CI: -0.268, -0.173, P < 0.001), and event of vitamin D deficiency was found to be 0.321 (95% CI: 0.305, 0.337, P < 0.001). There is a significant decrease in vitamin D levels among the elderly with different inflammatory conditions. Future longitudinal studies and well-designed, large, randomized controlled trials are required to study the association between vitamin D deficiency and the incidence of inflammatory events in this specific group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saud Salman Alharbi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, SAU
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hadeel S Albalawi
- Faculty of General Medicine and Surgery, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, SAU
| | - Ahmad E Asiri
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU
| | - Mohammed S Zamel
- Department of Family Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU
| | - Saud Hussain
- College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU
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Noce A, Marrone G, Di Lauro M, Vita C, Montalto G, Giorgino G, Chiaramonte C, D’Agostini C, Bernardini S, Pieri M. Potential Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Fatigue Effects of an Oral Food Supplement in Long COVID Patients. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:463. [PMID: 38675423 PMCID: PMC11053797 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Long coronavirus disease (COVID) syndrome leads to chronic inflammatory state onset that can have a multisystem impact and compromise organ function. Moreover, long COVID syndrome is often characterized by the presence of chronic fatigue, which affects subjects' daily activities and worsens their quality of life. The aim of our double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial (protocol code RS 150.21, approved on 4 November 2021) was to evaluate the beneficial effects of the consumption of 2 cps/day, for two months, of an oral food supplement (OFS), based on Echinacea angustifolia, rosehip, propolis, royal jelly and zinc, in long COVID patients, compared to a two-month placebo period. The OFS's vitamin C content was equal to 22.17 mg/g (8.87 mg/capsule). The OFS's total polyphenol content was 43.98 mg/g gallic acid equivalents. At the end of the in vivo study, we highlighted a significant decrease in the inflammatory parameters in the OFS period, compared to the placebo period (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, p = 0.0455; monocyte to-lymphocyte ratio, p = 0.0005; C-reactive protein, p = 0.0145). Our study also highlighted a significant increase in vitamin D serum values (p = 0.0005) and, at the same time, an improvement in patients' life quality and a reduction in fatigue, monitored by the fatigue severity scale. This study showed the OFS's beneficial effects on the inflammatory state, fatigue and quality of life in long COVID patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Noce
- UOSD Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giulia Marrone
- UOSD Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Manuela Di Lauro
- UOSD Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Chiara Vita
- QuMAP-PIN, University Center “Città di Prato” Educational and Scientific Services for the University of Florence, 59100 Prato, Italy
| | - Giulia Montalto
- School of Specialization in Nephrology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Gloria Giorgino
- School of Specialization in Nephrology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Chiaramonte
- Department of Statistics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Cartesio D’Agostini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Bernardini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Pieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy
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9
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Guo M, Diaz GM, Yu Y, Patel CA, Farrar JT, Asbell PA, Ying GS. Association between systemic medication use and severity of dry eye signs and symptoms in the DRy eye assessment and management (DREAM) study. Ocul Surf 2024; 32:112-119. [PMID: 38307463 PMCID: PMC11056304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Some systemic medications are reported to be associated with dry eye disease (DED), yet their associations with the severity of DED signs and symptoms are not well studied. To evaluate these associations, we performed a secondary analysis of data from the DRy Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) Study. METHODS Participants (N = 535) were assessed for DED signs using tear break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer testing, corneal fluorescein staining, conjunctival lissamine green staining, meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), and tear osmolarity and DED symptoms using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). We derived a composite signs severity score from the 6 DED signs and categorized participant-reported systemic medications into antidepressants, antihistamines, aspirin, corticosteroids, diuretics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, proton pump inhibitors, statins, vitamin D3, and medications for diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypothyroidism, migraine, and seizure. Generalized linear models were used to compare DED symptom and sign scores between medication users and non-users, with adjustment for factors associated with DED severity. RESULTS Compared to non-users, antihistamine users had lower TBUT (p = 0.01) and higher OSDI score (p = 0.02); aspirin users had lower TBUT (p = 0.02); corticosteroid users had lower TBUT (p = 0.02), lower Schirmer test scores (p = 0.03), higher cornea fluorescein staining (p = 0.01), higher composite severity score (p = 0.01), and higher OSDI score (p = 0.03); seizure medication users had higher composite severity score (p = 0.02); vitamin D3 users had lower TBUT (p = 0.001) and greater MGD (p = 0.03); and diuretic users had less MGD (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Certain systemic medications may be associated with more severe DED. This may guide prescription practices in patients with DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gabriela M Diaz
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yinxi Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Chandani A Patel
- Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, United States
| | - John T Farrar
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Gui-Shuang Ying
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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10
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Zhou Y, Chen Y, Chen F, Li G, Zhou L. Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among US adults with prehypertension: a prospective cohort study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2024; 43:24. [PMID: 38321509 PMCID: PMC10848370 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-024-00515-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prehypertension affects 25-50% of adults worldwide and no prior study has examined the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and mortality risk in individuals with prehypertension. This study aims to investigate the association of serum 25(OH)D concentrations with all-cause and CVD mortality among prehypertensive adults by utilizing data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2014 and linked 2019 mortality file. METHODS We included 4345 prehypertensive adults who participated in the NHANES between 2007 and 2014 and were followed up until 31 December 2019. Weighted Cox proportional hazards models were used with adjustments for multiple covariates to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the risks of dying from any cause and CVD. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 8.8 years, 335 deaths from any causes were documented, of which 88 participants died from CVD. Compared with participants with sufficient 25(OH)D (≥ 75 nmol/L), the multivariate-adjusted HRs and 95% CIs for participants with severe deficiency (< 25 nmol/L), moderate deficiency (25-49.9 nmol/L), and insufficient concentrations (50-74.9 nmol/L) of serum 25(OH)D for all-cause death were 2.83 (1.46-5.52), 1.17 (0.74-1.86), and 1.36 (0.93-1.98), respectively. Similarly, the multivariable-adjusted HRs and 95%CIs for CVD death were 4.14 (1.10-15.51), 1.23 (0.46-3.28), and 1.73 (0.96-3.14), respectively. We found that there was a 9% reduction in the risk of death from all causes and a 14% reduction in the risk of death from CVD for every 10 nmol/L increase in serum 25(OH)D concentrations. CONCLUSION Severe serum 25(OH)D deficiency among prehypertensive adults was associated with increased risk of mortality from all causes as well as from CVD. Our work suggests that supplementing with vitamin D may prevent premature death in severely deficient individuals with prehypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Fuli Chen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Long Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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11
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Sharma JK, Khan S, Wilson T, Pilkey N, Kapuria S, Roy A, Adams MA, Holden RM. Are There Any Pleiotropic Benefits of Vitamin D in Patients With Diabetic Kidney Disease? A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Can J Kidney Health Dis 2023; 10:20543581231212039. [PMID: 38033482 PMCID: PMC10683388 DOI: 10.1177/20543581231212039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and kidney disease are risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. Native forms of vitamin D have a lower risk of hypercalcemia than calcitriol, the active hormone. The enzyme responsible for activating native vitamin D is now known to be expressed throughout the body; therefore, native vitamin D may have clinically relevant effects in many body systems. Objective The objective of this systematic review was to examine the effect of native vitamin D supplementation on clinical outcomes and surrogate laboratory measures in patients with T2D and diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Design Systematic review. Setting Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted in any country. Patients Adults with T2D and DKD receiving supplementation with any form of native vitamin D (eg, ergocalciferol, cholecalciferol, calcifediol). Measurements Clinical outcomes and surrogate clinical and laboratory measures reported in each of the trials were included in this review. Methods The following databases were searched from inception to January 31, 2023: Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, and medRxiv. Only RCTs examining supplementation with a native vitamin D form with a control or placebo comparison group were included. We excluded studies reporting only vitamin D status or mineral metabolism parameters, without any other outcomes of clinical relevance or surrogate laboratory measures. Study quality was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (RoB2). Results were synthesized in summary tables for each type of outcome with the P values from the original studies displayed. Results Nine publications were included, corresponding to 5 separate RCTs (377 participants total). Mean age ranged from 40 to 63. All trials administered vitamin D3. Intervention groups experienced improvements in vitamin D status and a reduction in proteinuria in 4 of the 5 included RCTs. There was a decrease in low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol in the 2 trials in which they were measured. Improvements in bone mass, flow-mediated dilation, and inflammation were also reported, but each was only measured in 1 RCT. Effects on glucose metabolism, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, blood pressure, oxidative stress, and kidney function were mixed. No serious adverse effects were reported. Limitations Limitations include the small number of RCTs and lack of information on the use of drugs that affect measured outcomes (eg, proteinuria-lowering renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and lipid-lowering medication) in most studies. Our study is also limited by the absence of a prestudy protocol and registration. Conclusions Native vitamin D is a safe treatment that improves vitamin D status in patients with DKD. Vitamin D may modify proteinuria and lipid metabolism in DKD, but further well-designed trials that include well-established treatments are necessary. Overall, there is limited evidence for beneficial pleiotropic effects of vitamin D in patients with DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya K. Sharma
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Sono Khan
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Tristin Wilson
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Nathan Pilkey
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Sanjana Kapuria
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Angélique Roy
- Bracken Health Sciences Library, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Michael A. Adams
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Rachel M. Holden
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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12
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Motamed S, Anari R, Motamed S, Amani R. Vitamin D and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress among pregnant women: a systematic review of observational studies. BMC Immunol 2023; 24:41. [PMID: 37891486 PMCID: PMC10612223 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-023-00577-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to map the evidence evaluated the relationship between vitamin D and redox and inflammatory status during gestation. METHODS Three databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science (WoS)) and reference list of included documents were searched for related observational studies published until 2nd October 2023. To determine the quality of the selected observational studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used. RESULTS After a primary search of three databases, 19492records were appeared. When duplicates and irrelevant documents were removed, 14 articles were found to have eligible criteria. The design of the identified studies was cross-sectional, case-control and cohort. Evidence showed an adverse association between 25(OH)D and the biomarkers of inflammation, such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor- alfa (TNF-α) during pregnancy. On the contrary, some studies represented that 25(OH)D positively correlated with hs-CRP in the cord blood. One study suggested a direct association between serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and Interleukin-8 (IL-8), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP), and TNF-α levels in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A case-control study showed that lower serum concentration of 25(OH)D positively correlated with total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels in participants. CONCLUSIONS Evidence confirmed the supposition of the direct relationship between vitamin D levels and biomarkers with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. However, the Existence of inconsistent evidence confirms the need for further studies in mothers with GDM and hypertensive disorders. PROSPERO REGISTRATION CODE CRD42020202600.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Razieh Anari
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Motamed
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Amani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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13
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Torabynasab K, Shahinfar H, Effatpanah M, Jazayeri S, Azadbakht L, Abolghasemi J, Jamali S. Association between empirical dietary inflammatory index, odds, and severity of anxiety disorders: A case-control study. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:6349-6359. [PMID: 37823109 PMCID: PMC10563743 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet may be a modifiable factor in the prevention of psychiatric disorders by modulating inflammation. In this study, we evaluated the association between empirical dietary inflammatory index (EDII) that is designed to evaluate the inflammatory potential of diets and anxiety disorders (AD) in adults. This case-control study was carried out on 85 patients who were group matched by gender with 170 healthy subjects. Data for dietary intake were assessed by using a 147-item validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Anthropometric measures were collected using standard methods. EDII score was developed according to participants' dietary intakes of 28 predefined food groups. Multivariate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to investigate the association of empirically derived inflammatory potential of the diet and anxiety disorder. We observed that after adjusting for confounders, individuals in the top category of EDII score were 2.09 fold more likely to have anxiety disorder compared with those in the bottom category (OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.01, 4.33). Also, higher EDII contributed to a higher GAD-7 score (p < .001). There was a significant positive linear association between EDII and AD (β = 3.64, p < .001). After controlling for potential confounders AD had a strong positive correlation with the EDII score (r = .61, p-value <.001). In conclusion, in this case-control study, we realized that there is a positive association between the EDII score, odds, and severity of anxiety disorder. Ultimately, the potential role necessitates clarifying this association by conducting large-population prospective cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Torabynasab
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hossein Shahinfar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Effatpanah
- School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Shima Jazayeri
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and DieteticsTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Soulmaz Jamali
- Masters in Department of Educational ScienceIslamic Azad University Science and Research branchTehranIran
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14
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Wood MN, Soltis J, Sullivan KE, Probst T. UV irradiance effects on komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) vitamin D3, egg production, and behavior: A case study. Zoo Biol 2023; 42:683-692. [PMID: 37584298 DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Modifications to UV irradiance for indoor housed herpetofauna can affect behavior and physiology. Low ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiance can result in vitamin D3 deficiency resulting in calcium metabolism disorders including metabolic bone disease and immune suppression. High UVB can result in skin and eye issues, which can be severe enough to cause shock and death. Using tools available for the assessment of UV light, including Ferguson zones and the UV working tool designed by the British and Irish Association of Zoos and Aquaria, we redesigned lighting in our indoor komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) habitat to better suit the UV requirements of this species, while studying changes in behavior and physiology. We measured serum vitamin 25-hydroxy D3 values in one male and one female komodo dragon before and after they were housed in indoor and outdoor habitats. We also measured behavior changes in our male komodo as he moved from an outdoor habitat, to an indoor habitat with changing UV irradiance. Our female komodo showed a 98% increase in vitamin D3 values after being moved outdoors, and laid her first clutch of eggs. Our male dragon's vitamin D3 remained consistent 200 days after moving inside. He did show increased activity when higher UV irradiance was available. Importantly, we found the UV lamps we used stopped producing desired UV irradiance within 3.5 months of regular use. We suggest all animal care facilities develop UV monitoring programs to research output and longevity of UVB lamps used in indoor herpetofauna habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Soltis
- Disney's Animal Kingdom®, Lake Buena Vista, Florida, USA
| | | | - Tom Probst
- Disney's Animal Kingdom®, Lake Buena Vista, Florida, USA
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15
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Georgoulis M, Kontogianni MD, Kechribari I, Tenta R, Fragopoulou E, Lamprou K, Perraki E, Vagiakis E, Yiannakouris N. Associations between serum vitamin D status and the cardiometabolic profile of patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Hormones (Athens) 2023; 22:477-490. [PMID: 37322405 PMCID: PMC10449975 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-023-00456-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) frequently coexist. Low serum vitamin D has been positively associated with OSA presence and severity; however, data on its link to cardiometabolic features in patients with OSA remain scarce. We aimed to assess serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and explore its association with cardiometabolic parameters in OSA. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study among 262 patients (49 ± 9 years old, 73% men) with polysomnography-diagnosed OSA. Participants were evaluated in terms of anthropometric indices, lifestyle habits, blood pressure, biochemical, plasma inflammatory and urinary oxidative stress markers, and the presence of MetS. Serum 25(OH)D was assessed by chemiluminescence, and vitamin D deficiency (VDD) was defined as 25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL. RESULTS Median (1st, 3rd quartile) serum 25(OH)D levels were 17.7 (13.4, 22.9) ng/mL and 63% of participants had VDD. Serum 25(OH)D correlated negatively with body mass index (BMI), homeostasis model of assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and urinary oxidized guanine species (oxG), and positively with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (all P < 0.050). In logistic regression analysis, serum 25(OH)D was associated with lower odds of MetS [odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.94 (0.90-0.98)], after adjustment for age, sex, season of blood sampling, Mediterranean diet score, physical activity, smoking, apnea-hypopnea index, HOMA-IR, hsCRP, and oxG. In the same multivariate model, VDD was associated with ~ twofold greater odds of MetS [2.39 (1.15, 4.97)]. CONCLUSION VDD is highly prevalent and is associated with a detrimental cardiometabolic profile among patients with OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Georgoulis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Str, 17676, Athens, Greece
| | - Meropi D Kontogianni
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Str, 17676, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Kechribari
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Str, 17676, Athens, Greece
| | - Roxane Tenta
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Str, 17676, Athens, Greece
| | - Elizabeth Fragopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Str, 17676, Athens, Greece
| | - Kallirroi Lamprou
- Center of Sleep Disorders, Evangelismos General Hospital, 1st Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Services, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Perraki
- Center of Sleep Disorders, Evangelismos General Hospital, 1st Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Services, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676, Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Vagiakis
- Center of Sleep Disorders, Evangelismos General Hospital, 1st Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Services, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikos Yiannakouris
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Str, 17676, Athens, Greece.
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16
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BİLAL N, ÇINAR ÖF, İPEK S, SEYİTHANOĞLU M, DOĞANER A, YILDIZ MG. Evaluation of vitamin D levels and biochemical markers in infants diagnosed with laryngomalacia. Turk J Med Sci 2023; 53:1404-1411. [PMID: 38813002 PMCID: PMC10763783 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/aim The pathology of laryngomalacia is still not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between vitamin D levels and laryngomalacia, and to evaluate vitamin D levels according to the classification of laryngomalacia. Materials and methods This retrospective study was conducted in the Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University Medicine Faculty's Otorhinolaryngology Clinic between June 2014 and January 2021. Laryngomalacia was classified. Laboratory tests for all patients included calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), parathormone (PTH), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cre), alanine transaminase (ALT), and 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH-D). Results Evaluations were performed for 64 infants with laryngomalacia, including 41 male and 23 female infants with a mean age of 4.6 ± 3.0 months, and a control group of 64 healthy infants with a mean age of 4.5 ± 2.8 months. A statistically significant difference was determined between the laryngomalacia group and the control group with respect to 25-OH-D and PTH levels (p < 0.001). When data were examined according to laryngomalacia types, a statistically significant difference was determined between the groups for 25-OH-D, Ca, P, PTH, and ALT values. The 25-OH-D level was statistically significantly lower in the severe laryngomalacia group than in the mild and control groups (p < 0.001). A statistically significant difference was determined between the moderate and severe laryngomalacia groups and the control group regarding PTH levels (p < 0.001). Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency may have a role in the etiology of laryngomalacia, and this view is supported by the finding that there was a decrease in vitamin D levels associated with laryngomalacia classification. In addition, the reduction in PTH levels in infants with laryngomalacia may be explained by the change in Ca metabolism. It would be appropriate for further studies to investigate the response to vitamin D replacement therapy in patients with moderate and severe laryngomalacia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagihan BİLAL
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş,
Turkiye
| | - Ömer Faruk ÇINAR
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş,
Turkiye
| | - Sevcan İPEK
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş,
Turkiye
| | - Muhammed SEYİTHANOĞLU
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş,
Turkiye
| | - Adem DOĞANER
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş,
Turkiye
| | - Muhammed Gazi YILDIZ
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş,
Turkiye
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Rust P, Ekmekcioglu C. The Role of Diet and Specific Nutrients during the COVID-19 Pandemic: What Have We Learned over the Last Three Years? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5400. [PMID: 37048015 PMCID: PMC10093865 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Nutrients and diets have an important impact on our immune system and infection risk and a huge number of papers have been published dealing with various aspects of nutrition in relation to SARS-CoV-2 infection risk or COVID-19 severity. This narrative review aims to give an update on this association and tries to summarize some of the most important findings after three years of pandemic. The analysis of major studies and systematic reviews leads to the conclusion that a healthy plant-based diet reduces the risks for SARS-CoV-2 infection and especially COVID-19 severity. Regarding micronutrients, vitamin D is to the fore, but also zinc, vitamin C and, to some extent, selenium may play a role in COVID-19. Furthermore, omega-3-fatty acids with their anti-inflammatory effects also deserve attention. Therefore, a major aim of societal nutritional efforts in future should be to foster a high quality plant-based diet, which not only exerts beneficial effects on the immune system but also reduces the risk for non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes or obesity which are also primary risk factors for worse COVID-19 outcomes. Another aim should be to focus on a good supply of critical immune-effective nutrients, such as vitamin D and zinc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Rust
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Cem Ekmekcioglu
- Department of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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18
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Tappia PS, Lopez R, Fitzpatrick-Wong S, Ramjiawan B. Understanding the Role of Vitamin D in Heart Failure. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:111. [PMID: 39076268 PMCID: PMC11273064 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2404111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is now believed to have a significant role in cardiac signal transduction and regulation of gene expression, and thus influences normal cardiomyocyte function. It has been reported to provide cardioprotection through its anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-fibrotic actions; and to prevent cardiac remodeling, Ca 2 + -handling defects, and abnormal electrophysiological patterns. A vitamin D deficient state has been associated in the pathogenesis of heart failure; however, while many clinical studies report a benefit of vitamin D to heart function, other clinical studies are inconsistent with these findings. These uncertainties have led to a discord in the recommendation of vitamin D supplementation for the treatment of heart failure or as a preventive agent in patients deemed to be at risk for cardiac dysfunction. Accordingly, this article is intended to describe some of the mechanisms/sites of action of vitamin D in different animal models of heart failure, as well as to review the clinical observations and challenges in the interpretation and understanding of the clinical relevance of vitamin D in relation to heart function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramjit S. Tappia
- Asper Clinical Research Institute & Albrechtsen Research Centre, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Rhea Lopez
- Asper Clinical Research Institute & Albrechtsen Research Centre, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Shirley Fitzpatrick-Wong
- Asper Clinical Research Institute & Albrechtsen Research Centre, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Bram Ramjiawan
- Asper Clinical Research Institute & Albrechtsen Research Centre, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
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Allaoui G, Rylander C, Fuskevåg OM, Averina M, Wilsgaard T, Brustad M, Jorde R, Berg V. Longitudinal changes in vitamin D concentrations and the association with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the Tromsø Study. Acta Diabetol 2023; 60:293-304. [PMID: 36456716 PMCID: PMC9852201 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-022-02001-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to investigate the relationship between pre- and post-diagnostic 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) over a period of 30 years in individuals who developed T2DM compared to healthy controls. METHODS This case-control study included 254 participants with blood samples collected at five different time-points (T1-T5) between 1986 and 2016. Of the 254 participants, 116 were diagnosed with T2DM between T3 and T4, and were considered cases; the remaining 138 were controls. Linear mixed regression models were used to examine pre- and post-diagnostic changes in 25(OH)D concentrations, and logistic regression was used to examine associations between these concentrations and T2DM at each time-point. RESULTS 25(OH)D concentrations at different time-points and the longitudinal change in concentrations differed between cases and controls, and by sex. For women, each 5-nmol/l increase in 25(OH)D concentrations was inversely associated with T2DM at T3 (odds-ratio, OR, 0.79), whereas for men, this same increase was positively associated with T2DM at T1 (OR 1.12). Cases experienced a significant decrease in pre-diagnostic 25(OH)D concentrations (p value < 0.01 for women, p value = 0.02 for men) and a significant increase in post-diagnostic 25(OH)D concentrations (p value < 0.01 for women, p value = 0.01 for men). As such, each 1-unit increase in month-specific z-score change between T1 and T3 was significantly inversely associated with T2DM (OR 0.51 for women, OR 0.52 for men), and each such increase between T3 and T5 was significantly positively associated with T2DM in women (OR 2.48). CONCLUSIONS 25(OH)D concentrations seem to be affected by disease progression and type 2 diabetes diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Allaoui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Diagnostic Clinic, University Hospital of North - Norway, 9038, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Charlotta Rylander
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ole-Martin Fuskevåg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Diagnostic Clinic, University Hospital of North - Norway, 9038, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Tromsø Endocrine Research Group, Uit-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Maria Averina
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Diagnostic Clinic, University Hospital of North - Norway, 9038, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Tromsø Endocrine Research Group, Uit-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Magritt Brustad
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
- The Public Dental Health Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway (TkNN), 9019, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Rolf Jorde
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Tromsø Endocrine Research Group, Uit-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Vivian Berg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Diagnostic Clinic, University Hospital of North - Norway, 9038, Tromsø, Norway.
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.
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20
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Blakely LP, Wells TL, Kweh MF, Buoniconti S, Reese M, Celi P, Cortinhas C, Nelson CD. Effect of vitamin D source and amount on vitamin D status and response to endotoxin challenge. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:912-926. [PMID: 36543639 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The objectives were to test the effects of dietary vitamin D3 [cholecalciferol (CHOL)] compared with 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [calcidiol (CAL)] on vitamin D status and response to an endotoxin challenge. Forty-five Holstein bull calves (5 ± 2 d of age) were blocked into weekly cohorts, fed a basal diet that provided 0.25 µg/kg body weight (BW) CHOL, and assigned randomly to 1 of 5 treatments: control [(CON) no additional vitamin D], 1.5 µg/kg BW CHOL (CHOL1.5), 3 µg/kg BW CHOL (CHOL3), 1.5 µg/kg BW CAL (CAL1.5), or 3 µg/kg BW CAL (CAL3). Calves were fed milk replacer until weaning at 56 d of age and had ad libitum access to water and starter grain throughout the experiment. Treatments were added daily to the diet of milk replacer until weaning and starter grain after weaning. Measures of growth, dry matter intake, and serum concentrations of vitamin D, Ca, Mg, and P were collected from 0 to 91 d of the experiment. At 91 d of the experiment, calves received an intravenous injection of 0.1 µg/kg BW lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Clinical and physiological responses were measured from 0 to 72 h relative to LPS injection. Data were analyzed with mixed models that included fixed effects of treatment and time, and random effect of block. Orthogonal contrasts evaluated the effects of (1) source (CAL vs. CHOL), (2) dose (1.5 vs. 3.0 µg/kg BW), (3) interaction between source and dose, and (4) supplementation (CON vs. all other treatments) of vitamin D. From 21 to 91 d of the experiment, mean BW of supplemented calves was less compared with CON calves, but the effect was predominantly a result of the CHOL calves, which tended to weigh less than the CAL calves. Supplementing vitamin D increased concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in serum compared with CON, but the increment from increasing the dose from 1.5 to 3.0 µg/kg BW was greater for CAL compared with CHOL (CON = 18.9, CHOL = 24.7 and 29.6, CAL = 35.6 and 65.7 ± 3.2 ng/mL, respectively). Feeding CAL also increased serum Ca and P compared with CHOL. An interaction between source and dose of treatment was observed for rectal temperature and derivatives of reactive metabolites after LPS challenge because calves receiving CHOL3 and CAL1.5 had lower rectal temperatures and plasma derivatives of reactive metabolites compared with calves receiving CHOL1.5 and CAL3. Supplementing vitamin D increased plasma P concentrations post-LPS challenge compared with CON, but plasma concentrations of Ca, Mg, fatty acids, glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate, haptoglobin, tumor necrosis factor-α, and antioxidant potential did not differ among treatments post-LPS challenge. Last, supplementing vitamin D increased granulocytes as a percentage of blood leukocytes post-LPS challenge compared with CON. Supplementing CAL as a source of vitamin D to dairy calves was more effective at increasing serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, Ca, and P concentrations compared with feeding CHOL. Supplemental source and dose of vitamin D also influenced responses to the LPS challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Blakely
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - T L Wells
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - M F Kweh
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - S Buoniconti
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - M Reese
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - P Celi
- DSM Nutritional Products, Columbia, MD 21045
| | - C Cortinhas
- DSM Nutritional Products, Columbia, MD 21045
| | - C D Nelson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611.
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21
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da Costa RO, Gadelha-Filho CVJ, de Aquino PEA, Lima LAR, de Lucena JD, Ribeiro WLC, Lima FAV, Neves KRT, de Barros Viana GS. Vitamin D (VD3) Intensifies the Effects of Exercise and Prevents Alterations of Behavior, Brain Oxidative Stress, and Neuroinflammation, in Hemiparkinsonian Rats. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:142-160. [PMID: 36028736 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03728-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the effects of physical exercise in the presence of Vitamin D3 (VD3), on 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned hemiparkinsonian rats. The animals were divided into sham-operated (SO), 6-OHDA-lesioned, and 6-OHDA-lesioned plus VD3 (1 µg/kg, 21 days), in the absence (no exercise, NE) and presence (with exercise, WE) of physical exercise on a treadmill (30 min, speed of 20 cm/s, once a day/21 days). This procedure started, 24 h after the stereotaxic surgery (injections of 6-OHDA into the right striatum). The animals were then subjected to behavioral (rotarod, open field, and apomorphine tests) and their brain areas were dissected for neurochemical, dopamine (DA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) determinations, and immunohistochemical studies for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine transporter (DAT), and vitamin D receptor (VD3R). The effects on the brain oxidative stress: nitrite/nitrate, glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) measurements were also evaluated. Behavioral changes of the 6-OHDA lesioned group were improved by exercise plus VD3. Similar results were observed in dopamine (DA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) concentrations increased by exercise and VD3, compared with SO groups. Additionally, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine transporter (DAT) immunoexpressions were decreased in the 6-OHDA-lesioned groups, with values normalized after exercise and VD3. The VD3 receptor immunoexpression decreased in the 6-OHDA (NE) group, and this was attenuated by exercise, especially after VD3. While 6-OHDA lesions increased, VD3 supplementation decreased the oxidative stress, which was intensified by exercise. VD3 showed neuroprotective properties that were intensified by physical exercise. These VD3 actions on hemiparkinsonian rats are possibly related to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Oliveira da Costa
- Graduate Program of Morphofunctional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ludmila Araújo Rodrigues Lima
- Graduate Program of Morphofunctional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Jalles Dantas de Lucena
- Graduate Program of Morphofunctional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | - Kelly Rose Tavares Neves
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Glauce Socorro de Barros Viana
- Graduate Program of Morphofunctional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil. .,Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
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22
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Doubelt I, Cuthbertson D, Carette S, Khalidi NA, Koening CL, Langford C, McAlear CA, Moreland LW, Monach P, Seo P, Specks U, Warrington KJ, Merkel PA, Pagnoux C. Vitamin D status in ANCA-associated vasculitis. Rheumatol Adv Pract 2023; 7:rkad021. [PMID: 36874269 PMCID: PMC9977244 DOI: 10.1093/rap/rkad021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Vitamin D might participate in the pathogenesis of several immune-mediated diseases, but few related data are available for ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). In this study, we analysed the association between vitamin D status and disease in patients with AAV. Methods Serum levels of 25(OH)D2/ 3 were measured in 125 randomly selected patients with AAV [granulomatosis with polyangiitis (n = 50), eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (n = 50) or microscopic polyangiitis (n = 25)] enrolled in the Vasculitis Clinical Research Consortium Longitudinal Studies at the time of enrolment and a subsequent relapse visit. Sufficient, insufficient and deficient vitamin D status were defined as 25(OH)D3 levels >30, 20-30 and ˂20 ng/ml, respectively. Results Seventy of 125 patients (56%) were female, with a mean age of 51.5 (16) years at diagnosis; 84 (67%) were ANCA positive. Mean 25(OH)D was 37.6 (16) ng/ml, with vitamin D deficiency in 13 (10.4%) and insufficiency in 26 (20.8%). In univariate analysis, lower vitamin D status was associated with male sex (P = 0.027) and disease activity (P = 0.047). In univariate and multivariate analyses, deficient vitamin D status was associated with disease activity (P = 0.015). Mean 25(OH)D status in the 21 patients with a subsequent relapse did not differ between baseline and relapse visit [37.8 (16) vs 38.0 (10) ng/ml, respectively; P = 0.92]. Conclusion Most patients with AAV have sufficient 25(OH)D levels, although those with lower vitamin D status were more likely to be male and to have active disease. Whether optimization of vitamin D status alters disease manifestations or activity in AAV remains to be determined. Trial Registration Vasculitis Clinical Research Consortium (VCRC) Longitudinal Study (LS), NCT00315380, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00315380.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Doubelt
- Vasculitis Clinic, Mount Sinai Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Cuthbertson
- Health Informatics Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Simon Carette
- Vasculitis Clinic, Mount Sinai Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nader A Khalidi
- Division of Rheumatology, McMaster University and St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Curry L Koening
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Utah Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Carol Langford
- Division of Rheumatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Carol A McAlear
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Larry W Moreland
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paul Monach
- Division of Rheumatology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Philip Seo
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ulrich Specks
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kenneth J Warrington
- Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Peter A Merkel
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christian Pagnoux
- Vasculitis Clinic, Mount Sinai Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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23
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Savolainen L, Timpmann S, Mooses M, Medijainen L, Tõnutare L, Ross F, Lellsaar M, Piir A, Zilmer M, Unt E, Ööpik V. Vitamin D Supplementation Has No Impact on Cardiorespiratory Fitness, but Improves Inflammatory Status in Vitamin D Deficient Young Men Engaged in Resistance Training. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245302. [PMID: 36558461 PMCID: PMC9787541 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Data on the effect of vitamin D (Vit-D) supplementation on cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) are conflicting. A possible source of discrepancies in the literature is the heterogeneity in baseline Vit-D status among participants in previous studies. The main objectives of the present study were to assess the impact of Vit-D supplementation on VO2max and inflammatory status in Vit-D deficient young healthy men. Participants (n = 39, baseline serum Vit-D level < 50 nmol/L) were quasi-randomly assigned to one of the two groups, which, in a double-blind manner, supplemented their diet daily with either Vit-D (8000 IU; VD) or placebo (PLC) and concomitantly performed a 12-week supervised resistance training program. During the 12-week intervention, serum Vit-D concentrations increased 3.9-fold (p < 0.001) in the VD group while no changes occurred in the PLC group. Baseline VO2max did not differ in the two groups and remained unchanged during the intervention. Serum interleukin-10/tumour necrosis factor alpha ratio increased significantly (30%, p = 0.007; effect size 0.399) in VD but not in PLC group. In conclusion, 12-week Vit-D supplementation increases serum 25(OH)D levels and improves inflammatory status, but has no impact on VO2max in Vit-D deficient young men engaged in resistance training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauri Savolainen
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Saima Timpmann
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Martin Mooses
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Luule Medijainen
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lisette Tõnutare
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Frederik Ross
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Märt Lellsaar
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anneli Piir
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mihkel Zilmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eve Unt
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
- Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, 1a Puusepa St., 50406 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vahur Ööpik
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., 50090 Tartu, Estonia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +372-7-375-366
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24
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Lachowicz K, Stachoń M. Determinants of Dietary Vitamin D Intake in Population-Based Cohort Sample of Polish Female Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12184. [PMID: 36231482 PMCID: PMC9564653 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D has a pleiotropic effect and its deficiency is a risk factor for many diseases. The purpose of this study was to analyze the dietary intake of vitamin D and the factors determining this intake by female post-primary school students in Poland. The study was conducted on a nationwide sample of 4469 female Polish adolescents (aged 14-20) recruited from all regions across Poland. The vitamin D intake was assessed using VIDEO-FFQ (Vitamin D Estimation Only-Food Frequency Questionnaire). The median dietary vitamin D intake was 2.33 μg per day and it was lower than the 15 μg recommended in Poland for more than 98% of the group. The highest vitamin D intake per day was noted for fish (0.52 μg), whereas the lowest was noted for fats (0.04 μg). Factors that influenced the dietary vitamin D intake were the amount and species of fish consumed, region of residence, use of vitamin D supplements, and vegetarian or vegan diets. In contrast, vitamin D intake did not depend on body mass index and age. Based on the results of the survey, it can be concluded that the alarmingly low intake of vitamin D by Polish female adolescents is a result of the limited supply of vitamin D primarily from fish and fish products. This may be due to insufficient nutritional knowledge, indicating an urgent need to educate the surveyed population in this area.
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25
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Altıntaş T. The role of lower dose steroid therapy with vitamin D replacement in patients with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. Turk J Surg 2022; 38:250-254. [PMID: 36846061 PMCID: PMC9948657 DOI: 10.47717/turkjsurg.2022.5576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Low-dose steroid therapy has been recommended in idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) in various studies in the literature, but the therapeutic minimum dose has not been determined yet. Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency, the effect of which is accepted in autoimmune diseases, has not been previously examined in IGM. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of lower dose steroid theraphy with adjustment of vitamin D replacement doses with measuring serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in patients with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM). Material and Methods Vitamin D levels were evaluated in 30 IGM patients who applied to our clinic between 2017-2019. Vitamin D replacement was performed in patients with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level below 30 ng/mL and prednisolone was given to all patients at a dose of 0.05-0.1 mg/kg/ day. Clinical recovery times of the patients were compared with the literature. Results Vitamin D replacement was given to 22 (73.33%) patients. Recovery time was shorter in patients receiving vitamin D replacement (7.62 ± 2.38; 9.00 ± 3.38; p= 0.680). Average recovery time was 8.00 ± 2.68 weeks. Conclusion Treatment of IGM can be carried out with lower dose steroid therapy, leading to less complications and lower costs. Measuring serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and treating it with the appropriate dose may contribute to the healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tansu Altıntaş
- Clinic of General Surgery, İstanbul Health Science University Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye
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26
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Harreiter J, Mendoza LC, Simmons D, Desoye G, Devlieger R, Galjaard S, Damm P, Mathiesen ER, Jensen DM, Andersen LLT, Dunne F, Lapolla A, Dalfra MG, Bertolotto A, Wender-Ozegowska E, Zawiejska A, Hill D, Jelsma JGM, Snoek FJ, Worda C, Bancher-Todesca D, van Poppel MNM, Corcoy R, Kautzky-Willer A. Vitamin D3 Supplementation in Overweight/Obese Pregnant Women: No Effects on the Maternal or Fetal Lipid Profile and Body Fat Distribution-A Secondary Analysis of the Multicentric, Randomized, Controlled Vitamin D and Lifestyle for Gestational Diabetes Prevention Trial (DALI). Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183781. [PMID: 36145157 PMCID: PMC9503968 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is a common finding in overweight/obese pregnant women and is associated with increased risk for adverse pregnancy outcome. Both maternal vitamin D deficiency and maternal obesity contribute to metabolic derangements in pregnancy. We aimed to assess the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation in pregnancy versus placebo on maternal and fetal lipids. Main inclusion criteria were: women <20 weeks’ gestation, BMI ≥ 29 kg/m2. Eligible women (n = 154) were randomized to receive vitamin D3 (1600 IU/day) or placebo. Assessments were performed <20, 24−28 and 35−37 weeks and at birth. Linear regression models were used to assess effects of vitamin D on maternal and cord blood lipids. In the vitamin D group significantly higher total 25-OHD and 25-OHD3 levels were found in maternal and cord blood compared with placebo. Adjusted regression models did not reveal any differences in triglycerides, LDL-C, HDL-C, free fatty acids, ketone bodies or leptin between groups. Neonatal sum of skinfolds was comparable between the two groups, but correlated positively with cord blood 25-OH-D3 (r = 0.34, p = 0.012). Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy increases maternal and cord blood vitamin D significantly resulting in high rates of vitamin D sufficiency. Maternal and cord blood lipid parameters were unaffected by Vitamin D3 supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Harreiter
- Gender Medicine Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-40400-43120
| | - Lilian C. Mendoza
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Simmons
- Macarthur Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Sydney 2560, Australia
| | - Gernot Desoye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Devlieger
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, University Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Fertility, GZA Sint-Augustinus, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Sander Galjaard
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, University Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Damm
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Departments of Endocrinology and Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elisabeth R. Mathiesen
- Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Departments of Endocrinology and Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dorte M. Jensen
- Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Lise Lotte T. Andersen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Fidelma Dunne
- Clinical Research Facility (CRF) and National University of Ireland, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Annunziata Lapolla
- Department of Medicine, Universita Degli Studi di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria G. Dalfra
- Department of Medicine, Universita Degli Studi di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | | | - Ewa Wender-Ozegowska
- Department of Reproduction, Medical Faculty I, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-525 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zawiejska
- Department of Reproduction, Medical Faculty I, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-525 Poznan, Poland
| | - David Hill
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - Judith G. M. Jelsma
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J. Snoek
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christof Worda
- Division of Obstetrics and Feto-Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dagmar Bancher-Todesca
- Division of Obstetrics and Feto-Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mireille N. M. van Poppel
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Rosa Corcoy
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanotechnology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexandra Kautzky-Willer
- Gender Medicine Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Gender Institute, La Pura, 3571 Gars am Kamp, Austria
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Ronaldson A, Arias de la Torre J, Gaughran F, Bakolis I, Hatch SL, Hotopf M, Dregan A. Prospective associations between vitamin D and depression in middle-aged adults: findings from the UK Biobank cohort. Psychol Med 2022; 52:1866-1874. [PMID: 33081855 PMCID: PMC9340850 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720003657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A possible role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology of depression is currently speculative, with more rigorous research needed to assess this association in large adult populations. The current study assesses prospective associations between vitamin D status and depression in middle-aged adults enrolled in the UK Biobank. METHODS We assessed prospective associations between vitamin D status at the baseline assessment (2006-2010) and depression measured at the follow-up assessment (2016) in 139 128 adults registered with the UK Biobank. RESULTS Amongst participants with no depression at baseline (n = 127 244), logistic regression revealed that those with vitamin D insufficiency [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.07-1.22] and those with vitamin D deficiency (aOR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.13-1.36) were more likely to develop new-onset depression at follow-up compared with those with optimal vitamin D levels after adjustment for a wide range of relevant covariates. Similar prospective associations were reported for those with depression at baseline (n = 11 884) (insufficiency: aOR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.00-1.23; deficiency: aOR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.13-1.50). CONCLUSIONS The prospective associations found between vitamin D status and depression suggest that both vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency might be risk factors for the development of new-onset depression in middle-aged adults. Moreover, vitamin D deficiency (and to a lesser extent insufficiency) might be a predictor of sustained depressive symptoms in those who are already depressed. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency is very common, meaning that these findings have significant implications for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Ronaldson
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jorge Arias de la Torre
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of Leon, Leon, Spain
| | - Fiona Gaughran
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ioannis Bakolis
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Stephani L. Hatch
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
- ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Matthew Hotopf
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Alexandru Dregan
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
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Cheung MM, Dall RD, Shewokis PA, Altasan A, Volpe SL, Amori R, Singh H, Sukumar D. The effect of combined magnesium and vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D status, systemic inflammation, and blood pressure: A randomized double-blinded controlled trial. Nutrition 2022; 99-100:111674. [PMID: 35576873 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Poor vitamin D and magnesium status is observed in individuals who are overweight and obese (Owt/Ob) and is often associated with a heightened risk of cardiovascular disease. Magnesium is a cofactor that assists vitamin D metabolism. We aimed to determine the efficacy of a combined magnesium and vitamin D regimen compared with vitamin D only on increasing serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations and the effects of these supplements on cardiometabolic outcomes. METHODS This 12-week double-blinded randomized controlled trial had three treatment arms: magnesium + vitamin D (MagD; 360 mg magnesium glycinate + 1000 IU vitamin D 3 × daily), vitamin D only (VitD; 1000 IU vitamin D 3 × daily), and placebo. A total of 95 Owt/Ob participants were randomized into one of these three study arms. Anthropometry, dietary intake, concentrations of serum 25OHD, serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum inflammatory markers, and blood pressure were obtained at baseline and week 12. RESULTS The MagD group experienced the greatest increase in serum 25OHD concentrations (6.3 ± 8.36 ng/mL; P < 0.05). There was a decrease in systolic blood pressure (7.5 ± 8.26 mmHg; P < 0.05) for individuals who had a baseline systolic blood pressure of >132 mmHg in the MagD group. There were no statistically significant treatment effects on serum PTH concentrations and markers of inflammation. CONCLUSIONS A combined MagD treatment may be more effective in increasing serum 25OHD concentrations compared with VitD supplementation alone in Owt/Ob individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- May M Cheung
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Patricia A Shewokis
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Asma Altasan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Stella L Volpe
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Renee Amori
- St. Luke's University Health Network, Fountain Hill, Pennsylvania
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Deeptha Sukumar
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Tucker LA. Serum, Dietary, and Supplemental Vitamin D Levels and Insulin Resistance in 6294 Randomly Selected, Non-Diabetic U.S. Adults. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091844. [PMID: 35565811 PMCID: PMC9100608 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to determine the associations between serum, dietary, and supplemental vitamin D levels and insulin resistance in 6294 non-diabetic U.S. adults. A total of 8 years of data from the 2011−2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and a cross-sectional design were utilized to answer the research questions. Serum vitamin D levels were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry. Dietary and supplemental vitamin D intakes were assessed using the average of two 24 h dietary recalls taken 3−10 days apart. The homeostatic model assessment (HOMA), based on fasting glucose and fasting insulin levels, was employed to index insulin resistance. Demographic covariates were age, sex, race, and year of assessment. Differences in physical activity, body mass index (BMI), cigarette smoking, body weight, season, and energy intake were also controlled statistically. Serum levels of vitamin D differed significantly, and in a dose−response order, across quartiles of HOMA-IR, after adjusting for year, age, sex, and race (F = 30.3, p < 0.0001) and with all the covariates controlled (F = 5.4, p = 0.0029). Dietary vitamin D levels differed similarly across HOMA-IR quartiles, but to a lesser extent, respectively (F = 8.1, p = 0.0001; F = 2.9, p = 0.0437). Likewise, supplemental vitamin D levels also differed across the HOMA-IR quartiles, respectively (F = 3.5, p = 0.0205; F = 3.3, p = 0.0272). With all the covariates controlled, the odds of having insulin resistance were significantly greater for those in the lowest quartile of serum and supplemental vitamin D intake compared to the other quartiles combined. In conclusion, in this nationally representative sample, serum, dietary, and supplemental vitamin D were each predictive of insulin resistance, especially in those with low serum levels and those with no supplemental intake of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry A Tucker
- College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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Singh A, Chidharla A, Agarwal K, Singh P, Jain N, Hassen G, Abdelwahed S, Bhandari R, Patel K, Gupta S, Koritala T, Rabbani R. Vitamin D: The Missing Nutrient Behind the Two Deadly Pandemics, COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Diseases. Cureus 2022; 14:e24133. [PMID: 35573503 PMCID: PMC9106532 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is claiming millions of lives and creating an additional burden on health care, which is already affected by the rise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The scientific community, on the other side, is enormously engaged with studies to best identify the characteristics of the virus and minimize its effect while supporting the fight to contain NCDs, mainly cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are contributing hugely to the global death toll. Hence, the roles of vitamin D in COVID-19 immunity and cardiovascular health are gaining traction recently. This literature review will mainly focus on summarizing pertinent studies and scientific publications which highlight the association of vitamin D levels with the various outcomes of COVID-19 and CVDs. It will also address how low vitamin D correlates with the epidemiology of CVDs and the inflammatory mechanisms attributed to COVID-19 severity. We believe that our review may open up hindsight perspectives and further discussions among the physicians in tapping the potential of vitamin D supplementation to tackle the morbidity, mortality, and health care cost of the two deadly diseases, COVID-19 and CVDs.
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VAILABILITY OF FIBRINOGEN/ALBUMIN RATIO IN MS ATTACK. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2022; 60:103674. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Isgin-Atici K, Alathari BE, Turan-Demirci B, Sendur SN, Lay I, Ellahi B, Alikasifoglu M, Erbas T, Buyuktuncer Z, Vimaleswaran KS. Interaction between Dietary Fat Intake and Metabolic Genetic Risk Score on 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in a Turkish Adult Population. Nutrients 2022; 14:382. [PMID: 35057563 PMCID: PMC8778439 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have pointed out a link between vitamin D status and metabolic traits, however, consistent evidence has not been provided yet. This cross-sectional study has used a nutrigenetic approach to investigate the interaction between metabolic-genetic risk score (GRS) and dietary intake on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations in 396 unrelated Turkish adults, aged 24-50 years. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly lower in those with a metabolic-GRS ≥ 1 risk allele than those with a metabolic-GRS < 1 risk allele (p = 0.020). A significant interaction between metabolic-GRS and dietary fat intake (energy%) on serum 25(OH)D levels was identified (Pinteraction = 0.040). Participants carrying a metabolic-GRS ≥ 1 risk allele and consuming a high fat diet (≥38% of energy = 122.3 ± 52.51 g/day) had significantly lower serum 25(OH)D concentration (p = 0.006) in comparison to those consuming a low-fat diet (<38% of energy = 82.5 ± 37.36 g/d). In conclusion, our study suggests a novel interaction between metabolic-GRS and dietary fat intake on serum 25(OH)D level, which emphasises that following the current dietary fat intake recommendation (<35% total fat) could be important in reducing the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in this Turkish population. Nevertheless, further larger studies are needed to verify this interaction, before implementing personalized dietary recommendations for the maintenance of optimal vitamin D status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubra Isgin-Atici
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey; (K.I.-A.); (B.T.-D.)
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Amasya University, Amasya 05000, Turkey
| | - Buthaina E. Alathari
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK;
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, AlFaiha 72853, Kuwait
| | - Busra Turan-Demirci
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey; (K.I.-A.); (B.T.-D.)
| | - Suleyman Nahit Sendur
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey; (S.N.S.); (T.E.)
| | - Incilay Lay
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey;
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Hacettepe University Hospitals, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Basma Ellahi
- Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of Chester, Chester CH1 4DS, UK;
| | - Mehmet Alikasifoglu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey;
- Genetics Diagnostic Centre, DAMAGEN, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Tomris Erbas
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey; (S.N.S.); (T.E.)
| | - Zehra Buyuktuncer
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey; (K.I.-A.); (B.T.-D.)
| | - Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK;
- Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AH, UK
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Krajewska M, Witkowska-Sędek E, Rumińska M, Stelmaszczyk-Emmel A, Sobol M, Majcher A, Pyrżak B. Vitamin D Effects on Selected Anti-Inflammatory and Pro-Inflammatory Markers of Obesity-Related Chronic Inflammation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:920340. [PMID: 35769088 PMCID: PMC9235399 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.920340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is related to changes in adipokine secretion, activity of adipose tissue macrophages, helper T cells, and regulatory T cells. It has been confirmed that vitamin D has potent anti-inflammatory properties. It contributes to reduction in pro-inflammatory mediators and an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines. There is also evidence that vitamin D could decrease C-reactive protein (CRP) and affect selected haematological indices. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on interleukin (IL)-10, IL-17, CRP, blood leukocyte profile, and platelet (PLT) count in overweight and obese children before and after six months of vitamin D supplementation. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study group consisted of 67 overweight and obese children aged 9.08-17.5 years. The control group included 31 normal weight peers age- and sex-matched. None of the studied children had received vitamin D supplementation before the study. Data were analyzed at baseline and after vitamin D supplementation. RESULTS The study group had lower baseline 25(OH)D (p<0.001) and higher white blood cell (WBC) (p=0.014), granulocyte (p=0.015), monocyte (p=0.009) and CRP (p=0.002) compared to the control group. In the study group, vitamin D levels were related negatively to nutritional status. Leukocyte profile parameters, PLT, CRP, IL-10 or IL-17 were not related to baseline 25(OH)D. Baseline IL-17 levels correlated with monocytes (R= 0.36, p=0.003) independently on 25(OH)D deficit. In children with vitamin D <15ng/ml, the baseline 25(OH)D was related to CRP (R=-0.42, p=0.017). After six months of vitamin D supplementation, we noticed a decrease in CRP levels (p=0.0003). Serum 25(OH)D correlated with IL-10 in that period (R=0.27, p=0.028). Moreover, we noticed that IL-10 correlated with monocyte (R=-0.28, p=0.023). We did not find any significant associations between 25(OH)D and leukocyte profile parameters, PLT, or IL-17. The multivariable stepwise regression analysis identified IL-10 as the parameter positively associated with 25(OH)D. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirmed beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation in overweight and obese paediatric populations. Vitamin D intake seems to exert its anti-inflammatory effect mainly via decreasing the CRP level and protecting stabile values of IL-10, rather than its impact on pro-inflammatory factors such as lL-17 and leukocyte profile parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Krajewska
- Department of Paediatrics and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- *Correspondence: Maria Krajewska,
| | | | - Małgorzata Rumińska
- Department of Paediatrics and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Stelmaszczyk-Emmel
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Warsaw, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Sobol
- Department of Biophysics, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Majcher
- Department of Paediatrics and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Pyrżak
- Department of Paediatrics and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Mohd Ghozali N, Giribabu N, Salleh N. Mechanisms Linking Vitamin D Deficiency to Impaired Metabolism: An Overview. Int J Endocrinol 2022; 2022:6453882. [PMID: 35859985 PMCID: PMC9293580 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6453882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is a common health problem worldwide. Despite its known skeletal effects, studies have begun to explore its extra-skeletal effects, that is, in preventing metabolic diseases such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. The mechanisms by which vitamin D deficiency led to these unfavorable metabolic consequences have been explored. Current evidence indicates that the deficiency of vitamin D could impair the pancreatic β-cell functions, thus compromising its insulin secretion. Besides, vitamin D deficiency could also exacerbate inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the pancreas and many organs, which leads to insulin resistance. Together, these will contribute to impairment in glucose homeostasis. This review summarizes the reported metabolic effects of vitamin D, in order to identify its potential use to prevent and overcome metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurulmuna Mohd Ghozali
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia
| | - Nelli Giribabu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia
| | - Naguib Salleh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia
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Kamel NA, Soliman MM, Abo-Zeid MA, Shaaban MI. Effect of Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Cosupplementations on Sepsis Prevention in Critically Ill Trauma Patients at High Risk for Sepsis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:792741. [PMID: 34912231 PMCID: PMC8666620 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.792741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sepsis development in patients with trauma is associated with bad prognosis. This study investigated the effect of immunomodulatory interventions in major trauma patients at high risk for sepsis. Methods: In a randomized, double-blinded, controlled design, severe trauma patients were stratified by leukocyte anti-sedimentation rate (LAR) test into high risk (HR) and low risk (LR) for sepsis. The HR patients were randomly allocated into intravenous vitamin C plus vitamin B1 (HR-CB), intramuscular vitamin D plus oral Lactobacillus probiotics (HR-DP), or control (HR-C) groups. The clinical trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT04216459). Outcomes: The primary outcome was Acute Physiologic Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation score II (APACHE II) score. Secondary outcomes included sepsis incidence, changes in Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, and serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) on day 6 from baseline, 28-day mortality, intensive care unit (ICU), and hospital discharge. Results: The HR-DP, HR-CB, and LR groups showed a significantly lower incidence of sepsis development (20%, 20%, and 16%, respectively, versus 60% in the HR-C group, p-value = 0.004). The three groups also showed a significant improvement in APACHE II and SOFA scores. Besides, MCP-1 levels were significantly decreased in HR-DP and HR-CB groups compared to the HR-C group (p-value ≤ 0.05). Significantly decreased mortality (10% and 16% versus 60% in the HR-C group) and increased ICU discharge (95% and 84% versus 45% in the HR-C group) were observed in HR-CB and LR groups (p-value = 0.001). Conclusion: Both combinations of interventions improved APACHE II scores and reduced sepsis incidence in trauma patients. The LAR combined with injury severity score were good sepsis predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha A Kamel
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Moetaza M Soliman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maha A Abo-Zeid
- Department of Anesthesia, Surgical Intensive Care Unit and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mona I Shaaban
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Dusso AS, Bauerle KT, Bernal-Mizrachi C. Non-classical Vitamin D Actions for Renal Protection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:790513. [PMID: 34950686 PMCID: PMC8688743 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.790513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), a disorder that affects 11% of the world's population, is characterized by an acceleration in skeletal, immune, renal, and cardiovascular aging that increases the risk of cardiovascular mortality by 10- to 20-fold, compared to that in individuals with normal renal function. For more than two decades, the progressive impairment in renal capacity to maintain normal circulating levels of the hormonal form of vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D or calcitriol) was considered the main contributor to the reduced survival of CKD patients. Accordingly, calcitriol administration was the treatment of choice to attenuate the progression of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) and its adverse impact on bone health and vascular calcification. The development of calcitriol analogs, designed to mitigate the resistance to calcitriol suppression of PTH associated with CKD progression, demonstrated survival benefits unrelated to the control of SHPT or skeletal health. The exhaustive search for the pathophysiology behind survival benefits associated with active vitamin D analogs has identified novel anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, anti-aging actions of the vitamin D endocrine system. A major paradigm shift regarding the use of calcitriol or active vitamin D analogs to improve survival in CKD patients emerged upon demonstration of a high prevalence of vitamin D (not calcitriol) deficiency at all stages of CKD and, more significantly, that maintaining serum levels of the calcitriol precursor, 25(OH)vitamin D, above 23 ng/ml delayed CKD progression. The cause of vitamin D deficiency in CKD, however, is unclear since vitamin D bioactivation to 25(OH)D occurs mostly at the liver. Importantly, neither calcitriol nor its analogs can correct vitamin D deficiency. The goals of this chapter are to present our current understanding of the pathogenesis of vitamin D deficiency in CKD and of the causal link between defective vitamin D bioactivation to calcitriol and the onset of molecular pathways that promote CKD progression independently of the degree of SHPT. An understanding of these mechanisms will highlight the need for identification of novel sensitive biomarkers to assess the efficacy of interventions with vitamin D and/or calcitriol(analogs) to ameliorate CKD progression in a PTH-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana S. Dusso
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Kevin T. Bauerle
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Medicine, VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Carlos Bernal-Mizrachi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Medicine, VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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Ling V, Zabetakis I. The Role of an Anti-Inflammatory Diet in Conjunction to COVID-19. Diseases 2021; 9:76. [PMID: 34842636 PMCID: PMC8628803 DOI: 10.3390/diseases9040076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), otherwise known as COVID-19, has challenged healthcare systems at an international level. COVID-19 suppresses the immune system by causing a systemic inflammatory response, also known as cytokine release syndrome, leaving COVID-19 patients with high levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Nutrition's function in the respiratory and immune systems has been investigated in much research, and its significance cannot be overstated, as the nutritional status of patients has been shown to be directly connected with the severity of the disease. Key dietary components such as vitamin C, D, omega-3 fatty acids, and zinc have shown potential in their anti-inflammatory effects, as well as the famous Mediterranean diet. This review aims to discuss the use of anti-inflammatory dietary approaches to prevent Sars-CoV-2 or lessen COVID-19 effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Ling
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland;
| | - Ioannis Zabetakis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland;
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
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Martín Giménez VM, Lahore H, Ferder L, Holick MF, Manucha W. The little-explored therapeutic potential of nanoformulations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 and its active analogs in prevalent inflammatory and oxidative disorders. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:2327-2330. [PMID: 34610750 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Virna Margarita Martín Giménez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Tecnológicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan, Argentina
| | | | - León Ferder
- Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology Division, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL, USA.,The University of Maimonides, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Michael F Holick
- Section on Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition & Weight Management, Department of Medicine, Boston University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Walter Manucha
- Área de Farmacología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.,Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
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Al-Hassan S, Attia H, Alomar H, Arafa M, Ali RA. The inhibitory mechanisms of losartan and vitamin D on amiodarone-induced lung inflammation in rats: Role of mitogen-activated protein kinases/activator protein-1. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22923. [PMID: 34590760 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Amiodarone (AMD), an antiarrhythmic drug, is used cautiously due to its lung toxicity that is characterized by alveolar inflammation followed by fatal fibrosis. AMD induces lung inflammation via increasing the alveolar macrophages and disturbing the balance of T-helper-1 (Th1) and Th2 cells cytokines. In this study, the role of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)/activator protein-1 (AP-1) pathway in AMD-induced lung inflammation was evaluated. Also, the anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects of losartan and/or vitamin D were investigated following 7, 14, and 28 days of AMD administration. AMD resulted in lung injury, inflammatory infiltration, and increased pulmonary levels of inflammatory cytokines starting from Week 1 of exposure. A significant increase in serum levels of interleukin-4 along with a significant reduction of interferon-gamma, in addition to strong expression of CD68, were reported after 14 and 28 days of AMD administration reflecting Th1/Th2 cytokines imbalance and the accumulation of alveolar macrophages, respectively. The phosphorylation of MAPKs (ERK1/2, JNK, p38) and AP-1 was significantly enhanced starting from Week 1 of exposure. Marked expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 and massive deposition of collagen were detected after 28 days reflecting late fibrosis. All these abnormalities were significantly mitigated by vitamin D and its combination with losartan. Losartan alone has less prominent anti-inflammatory effects particularly after 28 days; however, it efficiently prevented late fibrosis. This study concludes that MAPKs/AP-1 pathway is involved in AMD-induced lung inflammation and that vitamin D and/or losartan could be used as a prophylactic agent to prevent AMD-induced lung toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Al-Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pricing and Pharmacoeconomics, Drug Sector, Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Mansours University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hatun Alomar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Arafa
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab A Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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40
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Assy MH, Draz NA, Fathy SE, Hamed MG. Impact of vitamin D level in diabetic people with peripheral neuropathy. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s41983-021-00370-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease which is complicated by occurrence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Vitamin D deficiency contributes to the etiology and progression of type 2 DM and development of micro-vascular complications so in this study we assessed vitamin D level in diabetic patients to evaluate the association between vitamin D level and occurrence of diabetic neuropathy and to assess if there is relationship with certain subtypes of diabetic neuropathy. This case–control study was conducted on 80 type 2 diabetic patients divided into four groups equally. (A): Diabetic patients with painful diabetic neuropathy. (B): Diabetic patients with painless diabetic neuropathy. (C): Diabetic patients with painless neuropathy, but have neuropathic ulcer. (D): Diabetic patients without neuropathy. All patients underwent clinical, neurological examination and nerve conduction study. Then CBC and vitamin D were estimated in the studied groups.
Results
Vitamin D level among the studied painful diabetic neuropathy group (A) ranged from 5.3 to 40.5 ng/dl with mean 17.4 ± 10.9. 70% of them had deficient vitamin D level. In the painless diabetic neuropathy group (B), vitamin D level ranged from 6.5 to 35.5 ng/dl with mean 18.9 ± 8.49. 60% of them had deficient vitamin D level, while only 5% of the diabetic patients without neuropathy had deficient vitamin D level. There is significant negative correlation between vitamin D level and score of neuropathy where the lower vitamin D level the higher neuropathy score.
Conclusion
Lower vitamin D levels were found in diabetic patients with neuropathy especially those with painful neuropathy.
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41
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Güven M, Gültekin H. Association of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level with COVID-19-Related in-Hospital Mortality: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Am Coll Nutr 2021; 41:577-586. [PMID: 34370620 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2021.1935361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary aim of this study was to compare the 25(OH)D level between patients with COVID-19 and the reference population. The secondary aim was to determine the association of 25(OH)D level with COVID-19-related in-hospital mortality. METHODS The COVID-19-positive group comprised 520 hospitalized patients and the reference population comprised 15,789 COVID-19-negative patients. The 25(OH)D level was categorized as vitamin D deficiency (25[OH]D < 20 ng/mL) and severe vitamin D deficiency (25[OH]D < 12 ng/mL). RESULTS While the incidence of vitamin D deficiency was similar in both groups, the incidence of severe vitamin D deficiency was higher in patients with COVID-19 than in the reference population (68.3% [n = 355] vs. 55.1% [n = 8,692], p < 0.001). Severe vitamin D deficiency in patients with COVID-19 was higher in the intensive care unit (ICU) group than in the non-ICU group (75.3% [n = 183] vs. 62% [n = 172], p = 0.001). The incidence of severe vitamin D deficiency was 65.4% (n = 280) in survivors and 81.5% (n = 75) in nonsurvivors (p = 0.003). However, multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed no relationship between 25(OH)D level and in-hospital mortality. The median survival times of patients with and without severe vitamin D deficiency were not different, as shown by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. CONCLUSION Severe vitamin D deficiency is more common in patients with COVID-19 and may play a significant role in worsening the prognosis of these patients. However, the 25(OH)D level was not observed to effect COVID-19-related in-hospital mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Güven
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Şırnak State Hospital, Şırnak, Turkey
| | - Hamza Gültekin
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Şırnak State Hospital, Şırnak, Turkey
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42
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Koziarska-Rościszewska M, Gluba-Brzózka A, Franczyk B, Rysz J. High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Relationship with Metabolic Disorders and Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Factors. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080742. [PMID: 34440486 PMCID: PMC8400111 DOI: 10.3390/life11080742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Chronic inflammation is considered to be involved in the development of CVD. It is important to find a simple test that enables the identification of patients at risk and that may be used in primary care. The aim of this study is to investigate the associations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) with selected factors—age, gender, obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, hyperuricemia, vitamin D-25(OH)D, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and hypertension. Results. Statistically significant correlations were found between hsCRP and the following: age (rs = 0.304, p = 0.0000); gender (female) (p = 0.0173); BMI (rs = 0.295, p = 0.0001); waist circumference (rs = 0.250, p = 0.0007); dyslipidemia (p = 0.0159); glycemia (rs = 0.173, p = 0.0207); and significant negative correlations between hsCRP and 25(OH)D (rs = −0.203, p = 0.0065). In patients with CVD, hypertension, diabetes, or visceral obesity, hsCRP was significantly higher than in the subgroup without these disorders. There was a statistically significant relationship between hsCRP and the number of the metabolic syndrome elements (p = 0.0053). Conclusions. The hsCRP test seem to be a simple test that may be used at the primary care level to identify patients at risk of metabolic disorders, CVD, and hypertension. Vitamin D concentration may be a determining factor of systemic inflammation (it may have a modulating effect).
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Dashti F, Mousavi SM, Larijani B, Esmaillzadeh A. The effects of vitamin D supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers in patients with abnormal glucose homeostasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105727. [PMID: 34126229 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
FINDINGS on the level of inflammatory cytokines following vitamin D supplementation among individuals with abnormal glucose homeostasis (AGH) are controversial. Therefore, the present study was conducted on AGH patients to assess the impact of vitamin D on inflammatory cytokines such as CRP, TNF-α and IL-6. A systematic search up to September 2020 was performed through PubMed and Scopus databases. All clinical studies which evaluated the effect of oral vitamin D supplementation on inflammation in patients with AGH were included. The random-effects model was applied to obtain pooled results. For dose-response analysis, we used a fractional polynomial model. Overall, 38 studies, with 46 effect sizes, were included in this study. Combining effect sizes, we found that vitamin D considerably decrease serum concentrations of CRP (weight mean difference (WMD): - 0.67 mg/l; 95%CI: - 0.92, - 0.43; P < 0.001), IL-6 (WMD: -1.93 pg/mL; 95%CI: -2.80, -1.07; P < 0.001) and TNF-α (WMD: -0.81 pg/mL; 95%CI: -1.59, -0.03; P = 0.04). In the dose-response analysis, we failed to find any correlation between dosage of supplements and inflammatory biomarkers concentrations. Summarizing earlier studies, we demonstrated that circulating concentrations of inflammatory cytokines such as CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 might be decreased following vitamin D supplementation among individuals with AGH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Dashti
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mousavi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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44
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Inflammation and the Association of Vitamin D and Depressive Symptomatology. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061972. [PMID: 34201276 PMCID: PMC8229745 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression and vitamin D deficiency are major public health problems. The existing literature indicates the complex relationship between depression and vitamin D. The purpose of this study was to examine whether this relationship is moderated or mediated by inflammation. A community sample (n = 7162) from the LIFE-Adult-Study was investigated, for whom depressive symptoms were assessed via the German version of CES-D scale and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and inflammatory markers (IL-6 and CRP levels, WBC count) were quantified. Mediation analyses were performed using Hayes’ PROCESS macro and regression analyses were conducted to test moderation effects. There was a significant negative correlation between CES-D and 25(OH)D, and positive associations between inflammatory markers and CES-D scores. Only WBC partially mediated the association between 25(OH)D levels and depressive symptoms both in a simple mediation model (ab: −0.0042) and a model including covariates (ab: −0.0011). None of the inflammatory markers showed a moderation effect on the association between 25(OH)D levels and depressive symptoms. This present work highlighted the complex relationship between vitamin D, depressive symptoms and inflammation. Future studies are needed to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on inflammation and depressive symptomatology for causality assessment.
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45
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Vitamin D: Promises on the Horizon and Challenges Ahead for Fighting Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112716. [PMID: 34072725 PMCID: PMC8198176 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic cancer is an almost universally lethal cancer, largely due to its late diagnosis, early metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. This highlights the need to develop novel and effective intervention strategies to improve the outcomes of patients with pancreatic cancer. Vitamin D is one of the hottest topics in cancer research and clinics because of its pleiotropic functions on the hallmarks of cancer. Here we critically review past and current efforts that define the effects of vitamin D on the risk, incidence, patient survival, and mortality of pancreatic cancer. We also provide overviews on the opportunities and challenges associated with vitamin D as an economic adjunct to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy and chemo- or radiotherapy for pancreatic cancer. Abstract Pancreatic cancer has a dismal prognosis, while its incidence is increasing. This is attributed, in part, to a profound desmoplastic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment associated with this cancer and resistance to current available therapies. Novel and effective intervention strategies are urgently needed to improve the outcomes of patients with pancreatic cancer. Vitamin D has pleiotropic functions beyond calcium–phosphate homeostasis and has been extensively studied both in the laboratory and clinic as a potential preventive agent or adjunct to standard therapies. Accumulating evidence from ecological, observational, and randomized controlled trials suggests that vitamin D has beneficial effects on risk, survival, and mortality in pancreatic cancer, although controversies still exist. Recent advances in demonstrating the important functions of vitamin D/vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling in the regulation of stromal reprogramming, the microbiome, and immune response and the emergence of checkpoint immunotherapy provide opportunities for using vitamin D or its analogues as an adjunct for pancreatic cancer intervention. Many challenges lie ahead before the benefits of vitamin D can be fully realized in pancreatic cancer. These challenges include the need for randomized controlled trials of vitamin D to assess its impact on the risk and survival of pancreatic cancer, optimizing the timing and dosage of vitamin D or its analogues as an adjunct for pancreatic cancer intervention and elucidating the specific role of vitamin D/VDR signaling in the different stages of pancreatic cancer. Nevertheless, vitamin D holds great promise for reducing risk and improving outcomes of this disease.
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Sari DK, Sari LM, Laksmi LI, Farhat F. The Use of 25-hydroxyvitamin D Saliva Test to Replace Vitamin D Serum Blood Test in Healthy People. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Routine examination of Vitamin D levels is carried out by checking serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels which indicate circulating Vitamin D levels. While serum 1.25(OH)D levels are less frequently performed, although serum 1.25(OH)D levels represent the active form of Vitamin D be a substitute for checking Vitamin D levels.
AIMS: This study aims to see the correlation between Vitamin D levels, namely, 25(OH)D and 1.25(OH)D saliva, which correlate with serum 25(OH)D and 1.25(OH)D levels so that the examination of salivary Vitamin D levels can be a substitute for checking serum Vitamin D levels.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study is a cross-sectional study involving healthy men and women, aged 20–50 years, sampling in Lima Puluh Village, Batubara District, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The parameters studied were 25(OH)D and 1.25(OH)D levels of saliva and serum.
RESULTS: This study involved 56 study subjects, male and female, with a percentage of deficiencies of 78.6% by examining 25(OH)D saliva and 76.8% by examining 25(OH)D serum. As for the 1.25(OH)D examination of saliva and serum, all were within normal limits. The analysis showed that a moderate correlation was obtained for levels of 25(OH)D saliva with serum 25(OH)D (p = 0.424) and a weak correlation for levels of 1.25(OH)D saliva with serum 25(OH)D (p = 0.339).
CONCLUSIONS: Salivary 25(OH)D assay can be used to replace serum 25(OH)D assay in healthy people as a non-invasive alternative.
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Liang Y, Yu H, Ke X, Eyles D, Sun R, Wang Z, Huang S, Lin L, McGrath JJ, Lu J, Guo X, Yao P. Vitamin D deficiency worsens maternal diabetes induced neurodevelopmental disorder by potentiating hyperglycemia-mediated epigenetic changes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2021; 1491:74-88. [PMID: 33305416 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have shown that vitamin D (VD) deficiency may be a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and schizophrenia, although causative mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the potential role and effect of VD on maternal diabetes induced autism-related phenotypes. The in vitro study found that enhancing genomic VD signaling by overexpressing the VD receptor (VDR) in human neural progenitor cells ACS-5003 protects against hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation by activating Nrf2 and its target genes, including SOD2 and HMOX1, and accordingly, VDR gene knockdown worsens the problem. In the two in vivo models we explored, maternal diabetes was used to establish an animal model of relevance to ASD, and mice lacking 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1-alpha-hydroxylase (the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D3) were used to develop a model of VD deficiency (VDD). We show that although prenatal VDD itself does not produce ASD-relevant phenotypes, it significantly potentiates maternal diabetes induced epigenetic modifications and autism-related phenotypes. Postnatal manipulation of VD has no effect on maternal diabetes induced autism-related phenotypes. We conclude that VDD potentiates maternal diabetes induced autism-related phenotypes in offspring by epigenetic mechanisms. This study adds to other preclinical studies linking prenatal VDD with a neurodevelopmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Liang
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Kangning Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Foshan University, Foshan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Foshan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyin Ke
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Kangning Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Darryl Eyles
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, the Park Centre for Mental Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ruoyu Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Foshan University, Foshan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Foshan, P.R. China
| | - Zichen Wang
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Kangning Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Saijun Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Foshan University, Foshan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Foshan, P.R. China
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Kangning Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - John J McGrath
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, the Park Centre for Mental Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jianping Lu
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Kangning Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Foshan University, Foshan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Foshan, P.R. China
| | - Paul Yao
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Kangning Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, P.R. China
- Department of Pediatrics, Foshan University, Foshan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Foshan, P.R. China
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Campolina-Silva GH, Barata MC, Werneck-Gomes H, Maria BT, Mahecha GAB, Belleannée C, Oliveira CA. Altered expression of the vitamin D metabolizing enzymes CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 under the context of prostate aging and pathologies. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 209:105832. [PMID: 33596463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Low circulating levels of vitamin D are common at older ages and have been linked to an increased risk of prostate disease, including cancer. However, it has not yet been determined whether aging affects the ability of prostate cells to locally metabolize vitamin D into its active metabolite calcitriol and thus mediate the vitamin D signaling in autocrine and paracrine ways. By using a suitable rat model to interrogate spontaneous prostatic modifications over the course of aging, here we showed that both CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 enzymes, which are key players respectively involved with calcitriol synthesis and deactivation, were highly expressed in the prostate epithelium. Furthermore, as the animals aged, a drastic reduction of CYP27B1 levels was detected in total protein extracts and especially in epithelial areas of lesions, including tumors. On the other hand, CYP24A1 expression significantly increased with aging and remained elevated even in altered epithelia. Such intricate unbalance in regard to vitamin D metabolizing enzymes was strongly associated with reduced bioavailability of calcitriol in the senile prostate, which in addition to decreased expression of the vitamin D receptor, further limits the protective actions mediated by vitamin D signaling. This evidence was corroborated by the increased proliferative activity exactly at sites of lesions where the factors implicated with calcitriol synthesis and responsiveness had its expression inhibited. Taken together, our results emphasize a set of modifications over the course of aging with a high potential to hamper vitamin D signaling on the prostate. These findings highlight a crosstalk between vitamin D, aging, and prostate carcinogenesis, offering new potential targets in the prevention of malignancies and other aging-related disorders arising in the gland.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Clara Barata
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais, Cx. Postal 486, CEP 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Hipácia Werneck-Gomes
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais, Cx. Postal 486, CEP 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Bruna Toledo Maria
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais, Cx. Postal 486, CEP 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Clémence Belleannée
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Université Laval, CHU De Québec Research Center (CHUL), Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Cleida Aparecida Oliveira
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais, Cx. Postal 486, CEP 31.270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Titmarsh HF, Woods GA, Cartwright JA, Kilpatrick S, Gaylor D, Berry J, Gow A, Bommer NX, Gunn-Moore D, Handel I, Mellanby RJ. Low vitamin D status is associated with anaemia in hospitalised cats. Vet Rec 2021; 187:e6. [PMID: 33638545 DOI: 10.1136/vr.105626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The major physiological role of vitamin D has traditionally been considered to be the regulation of calcium homeostasis and maintenance of skeletal health. However, there is increasing evidence that vitamin D influences a wider range of physiological processes including erythropoiesis. Vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25(OH)D) deficiency concentrations have been associated with anaemia in human beings. In contrast, the relationship between vitamin D status and erythropoiesis has not been investigated in cats. METHODS Clinical records of cats consecutively presenting between November 2013 and February 2015 were reviewed. For each cat, data including sex, age, breed, serum albumin and creatinine concentrations, and appetite scores were extracted. A multivariable linear regression model was constructed to examine the relationship between 25(OH)D concentrations and these variables. RESULTS Cats with anaemia had significantly lower 25(OH)D concentrations (median 49.5 nmol/l, n=31) than cats with packed cell volume above the lower limit of the reference range (median 109.0 nmol/l, n=130) (P<0.001). A binary logistic regression found that red blood cell count and mean corpuscular volume were negatively correlated with serum 25(OH)D concentrations (P<0.001 and P=0.007, respectively). CONCLUSION Vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration is positively associated with red blood cell count and mean corpuscular volume in cats with a wide range of different illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Faye Titmarsh
- Hospital for Small Animals, Royal Dick School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Glynn Alan Woods
- Hospital for Small Animals, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jennifer A Cartwright
- Hospital for Small Animals, Royal Dick School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Edinburgh, UK.,Hospital for Small Animals, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Scott Kilpatrick
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Donna Gaylor
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jaqueline Berry
- Clinical Biochemistry, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK
| | - Adam Gow
- Internal Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nick X Bommer
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Danielle Gunn-Moore
- Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ian Handel
- Centre for Infectious Diseases, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Richard J Mellanby
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations and Serum and Salivary C-Reactive Protein in the Osteoporosis and Periodontal Disease Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041148. [PMID: 33807159 PMCID: PMC8067277 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D has been hypothesized to play an important role in preventing the development and progression of periodontal disease, but the underlying immune modulatory mechanisms remain understudied. We examined the cross-sectional association between biomarkers of vitamin D status and C-reactive protein (CRP) among postmenopausal women aged 53–81 years. Linear regression was used to examine the association between plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations, a biomarker of vitamin D status, and both salivary and serum CRP concentrations in 567 women from the Buffalo Osteoporosis and Periodontal Disease (OsteoPerio) Study (1997–2000). CRP concentrations were measured with multiplex arrays and transformed for normality using the natural log. Concentrations above and below the limit of detection were included in analysis as right- and left-censored observations. An inverse association was observed between 25(OH)D and salivary CRP in a model adjusted for age, smoking status, frequency of tooth brushing and flossing, and hormone therapy use (−7.56% difference in salivary CRP concentrations per 10 nmol/L increase in 25(OH)D, 95% CI: −12.78 to −2.03). Further adjustment for percent body fat attenuated this association (−2.48%, 95% CI: −7.88 to 3.24). No significant associations were found between 25(OH)D and serum CRP. Plasma vitamin D concentrations were not associated with salivary or serum CRP concentrations in this cohort of postmenopausal women.
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