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Nnaji CA, Wiysonge CS, Cooper S, Mayeye A, Luphondo L, Mabuya T, Kalui N, Lesosky M, Ndwandwe D. Contextualising missed opportunities for children's vaccination: A theory-informed qualitative study in primary care settings in Cape Town, South Africa. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2162771. [PMID: 36601915 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2162771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the contextual factors that may be associated with missed opportunities for vaccination (MOV) from the perspectives of healthcare providers and caregivers attending primary healthcare facilities in the Cape Town Metro Health District, South Africa. The ultimate goal of the assessment was to help inform the design and implementation of a contextually appropriate quality improvement programme targeted at reducing MOV in primary healthcare settings. We used a theory-informed exploratory qualitative research design involving focus group discussions with caregivers of children aged 0-23 months; and in-depth interviews of facility staff. A thematic template analysis approach, integrating the theoretical domains framework (TDF) and the capability, opportunity and motivation model of behavior (COM-B) was used to code and analyze the data. Three focus group sessions were conducted, each consisting of 5-8 caregivers and five in-depth interviews involving facility staff. Capability factors comprised caregivers' knowledge, attitude and behavior toward children's immunization. Opportunity factors included the organization of immunization services, long waiting time, vaccine stock out, staff shortage and health workers' attitude, knowledge and capability to assess children's immunization status and needs. Motivation factors included optimism and beliefs about immunization, fear of vaccine-preventable diseases and immunization safety concerns. This study identified important caregiver-, provider- and health system-related factors, which influence immunization outcomes; offering useful contextual insights for informing quality improvement strategies for reducing MOV at primary healthcare level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwudi A. Nnaji
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa,Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa,CONTACT Chukwudi A. Nnaji, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, 1 Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Charles S. Wiysonge
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa,Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa,Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa,HIV and other Infectious Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sara Cooper
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa,Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa,Division of Social & Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Asanda Mayeye
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lucy Luphondo
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Thobile Mabuya
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ntomboxolo Kalui
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Maia Lesosky
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa,Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Duduzile Ndwandwe
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
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Rajeh MT, Farsi DJ, Farsi NJ, Mosli HH, Mosli MH. Are parents' willing to vaccinate their children against COVID-19? A qualitative study based on the Health Belief Model. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2177068. [PMID: 36755490 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2177068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, several countries have started implementing voluntary or involuntary mass vaccination programs. Although vaccine acceptance is high among adults, uncertainty about whether to vaccinate children against COVID-19 remains a controversial theme. To date, few qualitative studies have explored parents' views on this topic. A qualitative descriptive study design was used to collect data and individual in-depth interviews were conducted with 50 parents in the Makkah region of Saudi Arabia. The Health Belief Model (HBM) was used as a guide in developing the interview guide. Each question was related to a construct of the HBM. The data were then analyzed using thematic content analysis and interpreted using NVivo software. Two major themes emerged: motivation to vaccinate children, which was influenced by perceived benefits, perceived severity, perceived suitability, collective responsibilities, confidence, and cues to action; and barriers to vaccination in children, which included complacency, rapid vaccine development, and uncertainty about the long-term side effects of the vaccine. The findings of this study revealed that the public is not sufficiently informed about the efficacy or side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine, increasing the awareness of which will help parents make informed decisions regarding vaccinating their children and potentially increase vaccine acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona T Rajeh
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deema J Farsi
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada J Farsi
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala H Mosli
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H Mosli
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Dabkowski E, Porter JE, Barbagallo M, Prokopiv V, Snell C, Missen K. A systematic literature review of workplace physical activity programs: an exploration of barriers and enabling factors. Cogent Psychology 2023; 10. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2023.2186327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elissa Dabkowski
- Research Fellow Collaborative Evaluation & Research Group (CERG) Federation University Australia, Churchill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanne E Porter
- Director of the Collaborative Evaluation & Research Group (CERG) Federation University Australia, Churchill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Barbagallo
- Scholarly Teaching Fellow Institute of Health and Wellbeing Federation University Australia, Churchill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Val Prokopiv
- Research Fellow Collaborative Evaluation & Research Group (CERG) Federation University Australia, Churchill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher Snell
- Program Co-ordinator Physiotherapy Institute of Health and Wellbeing Federation University Australia, Churchill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karen Missen
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing Federation University Australia, Churchill, Victoria, Australia
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Ocran J. “Am i disabled?”: disability and identity management among middle-class persons with disability in Ghana. Cogent Psychology 2023; 10. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2023.2190634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Ocran
- Department of Social Sciences, Central University, Miotso, Ghana
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Moltu C, Kverme B, Veseth M, Natvik E. How people diagnosed with borderline personality disorder experience relationships to oneself and to others. A qualitative in-depth study. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18. [DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2022.2152220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Moltu
- Department of Psychiatry, District General Hospital of Førde, Førde, Norway
- Department of Health and Caring sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Science, Førde, Norway
| | - Britt Kverme
- Department of Psychiatry, District General Hospital of Førde, Førde, Norway
- Borgestadklinikken, Blue Cross Resource Centre for Substance Dependence Problems, Skien, Norway
| | - Marius Veseth
- Department of Psychiatry, District General Hospital of Førde, Førde, Norway
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eli Natvik
- Department of Psychiatry, District General Hospital of Førde, Førde, Norway
- Department of Health and Caring sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Science, Førde, Norway
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Čepulienė AA, Skruibis P. What is spirituality for women bereaved by a partner’s suicide: A qualitative study. Cogent Psychology 2023; 10. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2023.2183676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Austėja Agnietė Čepulienė
- Suicidology Research Centre, Institute of Psychology, Department of Philosophy, Vilnius University Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Paulius Skruibis
- Suicidology Research Centre, Institute of Psychology, Department of Philosophy, Vilnius University Vilnius Lithuania
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Ndejjo R, Masengere P, Bulafu D, Namakula LN, Wanyenze RK, Musoke D, Musinguzi G. Drivers of cardiovascular disease risk factors in slums in Kampala, Uganda: a qualitative study. Glob Health Action 2023; 16:2159126. [PMID: 36607333 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2022.2159126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors are increasing in many sub-Saharan African countries and disproportionately affecting communities in urban slums. Despite this, the contextual factors that influence CVD risk among slum communities have not been fully documented to guide interventions to prevent and control the disease. OBJECTIVE This study explored the drivers of CVD risk factors in slums in Kampala, Uganda. METHODS This qualitative study employed focus group discussions (FGDs) to collect data among slum residents. A total of 10 FGDs separate for gender and age group were held in community public places. Discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed, and transcripts analysed thematically with the aid of Atlas ti 7.0. Study themes and sub-themes are presented supported by participant quotations. RESULTS Five themes highlighted the drivers of CVD risk factors in slum communities. (1) Poverty: a critical underlying factor which impacted access and choice of food, work, and housing. (2) Poverty-induced stress: a key intermediate factor that led to precarious living with smoking and alcohol use as coping measures. (3) The social environment which included socialisation through drinking and smoking, and family and peers modelling behaviours. (4) The physical environment such as the high availability of affordable alcohol and access to amenities for physical activity and healthy foods. (5) Knowledge and information about CVD risk factors which included understanding of a healthy diet and the dangers of smoking and alcohol consumption. CONCLUSION To address CVD risk in slums, broad-ranging multisectoral interventions are required, including economic empowerment of the slum population, stress reduction and coping interventions, and alcohol legislation. Also, there is a need for community CVD sensitisation and screening as well as increasing access to physical activity amenities and healthy foods within slums.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawlance Ndejjo
- CONTACT Rawlance Ndejjo Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Douglas Bulafu
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Lydia Nabawanuka Namakula
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - David Musoke
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Ng JTL, Barlas J. A bridge to recovery: an interpretative phenomenological analysis with peer support specialists in Singapore. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2164399. [PMID: 36658781 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2022.2164399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Recovery-oriented mental health care approach is gaining acceptance in Asian countries, including Singapore. Following Western countries, Singapore started hiring peer support specialists (PSS) as part of mental healthcare services. The aim of this paper was to explore and understand how individual peer support specialists in Singapore perceive and make sense of their role given their unique perspective as both recipients and providers of mental healthcare treatment. Six PSS in Singapore were interviewed utilizing a semi-structured interview schedule. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Four superordinate themes were generated illustrating how PSS viewed their role: embracing and embodying recovery, balancing on a bridge, impossible without support, and helping to end stigma. Findings also illustrated participants' awareness of the nature of the job and the role of PSS as still in the infancy stage. They embraced a recovery-oriented mindset despite experiencing stigma from professionals and/or their social support. The need to understand familial attitudes towards the PSS role is discussed. The limitations, contributions to the research, and several areas for future research are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ting Lynn Ng
- School of Social and Health Sciences, James Cook University, Singapore,CONTACT Jing Ting Lynn Ng School of Social and Health Sciences, James Cook University, 149 Sims Drive, Singapore 387380, Singapore
| | - Joanna Barlas
- School of Social and Health Sciences, James Cook University, Singapore
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Medina-Perucha L, Jacques-Aviñó C, López-Jiménez T, Maiz C, Berenguera A. Spanish residents' experiences of care during the first wave of the COVID-19 syndemic: a photo-elicitation study. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2172798. [PMID: 36779532 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2172798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The main aim of this research was to explore experiences of care during the lockdown of the first wave of COVID-19 syndemic in Spain. METHODS This is a qualitative and explorative study using self-photo-elicitation as a data collection method. Fifteen participants (Twelve women and three men) shared 25 photographs and one video between the June 18 and August, 2020. Participants' photographs and texts were collected online. Data were analysed based on Thematic Analysis. RESULTS Three emerging categories were constructed: 1) the deconstruction of care: self-care and collective care 2) the crisis of care and gendered care, 2) beyond anthropocentrism: animalism and ecology. Findings indicate the need to understand "care" in terms of social reproduction, including self-care, care towards other humans and non-human animals, and collective care. Also, the need to care for planetary health and to be in contact with nature as a form of self-care and social care. CONCLUSIONS Care in a period of social and health crisis puts human relationships and also non-human life at the centre. Care requires adopting taking an ecological one-health perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Medina-Perucha
- Unitat Transversal de Recerca, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain,Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain,Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Spain
| | - Constanza Jacques-Aviñó
- Unitat Transversal de Recerca, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain,Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain,Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Spain,CONTACT Constanza Jacques-Aviñó Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol) Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes, 587 attic, Barcelona08007, Spain
| | - Tomàs López-Jiménez
- Unitat Transversal de Recerca, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain,Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain,Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Spain
| | - Catuxa Maiz
- Unitat Transversal de Recerca, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Berenguera
- Unitat Transversal de Recerca, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain,Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain,Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Spain,Departament d’Infermeria, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
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Knezevic A, Olcoń K, Smith L, Allan J, Pai P. Wellness Warriors: a qualitative exploration of healthcare staff learning to support their colleagues in the aftermath of the Australian bushfires. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2167298. [PMID: 36656623 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2167298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Healthcare staff are on the frontline during disasters despite any personal adversity and vicarious trauma they may be experiencing. Wellness Warrior training is a post-disaster intervention developed in response to the 2019-2020 Australian bushfires to support staff in a rural hospital located on the South Coast of New South Wales, Australia. METHOD This study explored the experiences and perspectives of 18 healthcare staff who were trained to provide emotional and peer support to their colleagues in the aftermath of a crisis. All the Wellness Warriors participated in semi-structured interviews between March and April 2020. Data were analysed using the reflexive thematic approach. RESULTS Healthcare staff reported developing interpersonal skills around deep listening and connecting with others which allowed for hearing the core of their colleagues' concerns. The training also helped staff to feel differently about work and restored their faith in healthcare leadership. CONCLUSION Wellness Warrior training provided staff with knowledge and skills to support their colleagues in the aftermath of a natural disaster and later during the COVID-19 pandemic. As such, these findings suggest that peer support programs such as Wellness Warriors could be one way healthcare organisations can attempt to alleviate the psychological impact of natural disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Knezevic
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia,CONTACT Andrea Knezevic School of Health and Society,University of Wollongong, New South Wales, 2500, Australia
| | - Katarzyna Olcoń
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Julaine Allan
- Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, New South Wales, Australia
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Bajaj N, Phelan J, McConnell EE, Reed SM. A narrative medicine intervention in pediatric residents led to sustained improvements in resident well-being. Ann Med 2023; 55:849-59. [PMID: 36869726 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2185674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout in pediatric residents is widespread. Certain factors are associated with decreased burnout, such as empathy, self-compassion, mindfulness, and resilience, while perceived stress is associated with increased burnout. Narrative medicine may reduce burnout by its impact on protective and exacerbating factors and can be an active tool to promote wellness. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate immediate and delayed benefits of a longitudinal narrative medicine intervention for pediatric residents using qualitative and quantitative measures. MATERIALS AND METHODS We designed a voluntary longitudinal narrative medicine intervention implemented via Zoom teleconferencing software over five months for pediatric residents at Nationwide Children's Hospital. It consisted of six one-hour long sessions where residents engaged with literature, responded to a writing prompt, and shared their reflections. It was evaluated using open-ended survey questions and established quantitative assessment tools of well-being with validity evidence. Results were compared before the intervention, immediately after, and six months later using one-way ANOVA and multiple linear regression. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Twenty-two (14% of eligible) residents participated in at least one session. After the intervention, the following themes emerged for benefits to resident well-being: the ability to Build Community, have an Outlet for Self-Expression, reap Emotional and Mental Health Benefits, and work on Personal Growth. Benefits were sustained even six months later, which has not been shown previously. While there were significant qualitative findings, between all three time points, there was no change in any quantitative well-being measures. CONCLUSION Our longitudinal narrative medicine pilot study showed meaningful sustained qualitative benefits, though no quantitative changes, in measured well-being outcomes that have been previously associated with lower resident burnout. While not a panacea, narrative medicine can be a useful strategy for residency programs to improve pediatric resident well-being even after completion of planned interventions.Key MessageWe used a mixed-methods approach to assess the effects of a longitudinal narrative medicine intervention on well-being in pediatric residents.Open-ended responses indicated that residents found utility in and appreciated the intervention and experienced sustained improvements in their mental and emotional health, though the sample size was likely too small to show quantitative changes in well-being measures.Narrative medicine is not a panacea, but it can be a useful tool to provide to pediatric residents to promote sustained improvements in their well-being through the framework of relationship-centered care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimisha Bajaj
- Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - James Phelan
- Department of English, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Erin E McConnell
- Internal Medicine/Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Suzanne M Reed
- Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
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Dyson J, Skinner J, Crick J, Crooks MG. Designing an intervention to help the quitters quit: A qualitative, intervention co-design study. PEC Innov 2023; 2:100141. [PMID: 37214522 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2023.100141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective E-cigarettes are increasingly being provided by publicly funded stop smoking services. Our objectives were to understand the challenges and establish the means by which services could best support the use and subsequent discontinuation of e-cigarettes for this purpose. Methods Semi-structured interviews and co-design workshops with service users and providers of a stop smoking service. Results Thematic analysis was conducted. Interviews identified: 1. a reluctance to use e-cigarettes for cessation, 2. struggle to quit e-cigarettes (dependency, fear of relapse, compensatory "puffing") and 3. service development needs (consistency of approach). Co-design workshops suggested: 1. facilitation of e-cigarette use through understanding previous failed attempts, 2. offering a longer, two-staged approach to tobacco then e-cigarette cessation, careful timing of behavioural strategies and 3. enhanced communication between providers. Conclusions Our study suggests additional modifications to smoking cessation support measures when e-cigarettes are used for smoking cessation to address the challenges posed by public health guidance: "smokers should switch to vaping and vapers should stop smoking completely". Innovation Our study is the first to consider experiences of service users and providers about the challenges of using e-cigarettes for cessation; our co-design group of providers informed nine strategies needed to support this approach in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Dyson
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
| | - James Skinner
- Faculty of Business, Law and Social Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
| | - James Crick
- Hull Clinical Commissioning Group/Hull City Council, Hull, UK
| | - Michael G. Crooks
- Respiratory Research Group, Institute for Clinical and Applied Health Research, Hull York Medical School, Hull, UK
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Zelčāne E, Pipere A. Finding a path in a methodological jungle: a qualitative research of resilience. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2164948. [PMID: 36606329 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2164948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Qualitative research provides an in-depth understanding of lived experiences. However, these experiences can be hard to apprehend by using just one method of data analysis. A good example is the experience of resilience. In this paper, the authors describe the chain of the decision-making process in the research of the construct of "resilience". s The authors justify the implications of a multi-method, pluralistic approach, and show how the triangulation of two or more qualitative methods and integration of several qualitative data analysis methods can improve a deeper understanding of the resilience among people with chronic pain. By combining the thematic analysis, narrative analysis, and critical incident technique, lived experiences can be seen from different perspectives.Therefore, the thematic analysis describes the content and answers to "what" regarding resilience, the narrative analysis describes the dynamics of resilience, and answers to "how", while the critical incident technique clarifies the most significant experience and the answers to "why" changes happen. This integrative approach could be used in the analysis of other psychological constructs and can serve as an example of how the rigour of qualitative research could be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elīna Zelčāne
- Department of Health Psychology and Paedagogy, Riga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia,CONTACT Elīna Zelčāne Department of Health Psychology and Paedagogy, Riga Stradiņš University, Jāņa Asara street 5, RigaLV-1009, Latvia
| | - Anita Pipere
- Department of Health Psychology and Paedagogy, Riga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia
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Head KJ, Hayes LR, Miller NE, Shakil S, Bales CL, Schneider BP. "How is it going to help?": Exploring Black breast cancer patients' questions about biomarker testing to predict chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. PEC Innov 2022; 2:100118. [PMID: 37214510 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2022.100118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective Many Black breast cancer patients experience chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Our study assessed Black breast cancer patients' questions about a biomarker test that can predict likelihood of CIPN. Methods Nineteen Black women who were previous/current breast cancer patients participated in focus groups. Researchers briefly explained CIPN and the biomarker test, and then participants were asked what questions they would have about the test and its use in treatment decisions. These participant-voiced questions composed the data for this study and were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results Participants' questions centered on six themes: reasons for the test, effect on timeline of breast cancer treatment, testing procedure, limits of test (including accuracy), research done to develop this test (including research participants), and concerns about personal information connected to the test (including DNA). Conclusion This study provides an exploratory look at questions that Black breast cancer patients may have about toxicity biomarker testing use in breast cancer treatment decisions. Innovation These findings provide a starting point for developing patient-centered approaches for integrating this precision medicine tool into clinical care. The methodological choice to generate participants' questions (rather than answers to a question) led to robust, actionable data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine J. Head
- Department of Communication Studies, 425 University Blvd, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Lisa R. Hayes
- Pink-4-Ever Ending Disparities, 8770 Commerce Park Place F, Indianapolis, IN 46286, United States
| | - Nadia E. Miller
- Pink-4-Ever Ending Disparities, 8770 Commerce Park Place F, Indianapolis, IN 46286, United States
| | - Safia Shakil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 425 University Blvd, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Casey L. Bales
- Department of Medicine-Division of Clinical Pharmacology, 950 West Walnut Street, Rm 402 Research Institute II (R2), Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Bryan P. Schneider
- Department of Medicine-Division of Hematology/Oncology, Indiana Cancer Pavilion, 535 Barnhill Drive – 473, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
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Andraka-Christou B, Golan O, Totaram R, Ohama M, Saloner B, Gordon AJ, Stein BD. Prior authorization restrictions on medications for opioid use disorder: trends in state laws from 2005 to 2019. Ann Med 2023; 55:514-20. [PMID: 36724766 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2171107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUDs) - including methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone - are the most effective treatments for opioid use disorder (OUD). Historically, insurers have required prior authorization for MOUD, but prior authorization is often reported as a key barrier to MOUD prescribing. Some states have passed laws prohibiting MOUD prior authorization requirements. We sought to identify the frequency of MOUD prior authorization prohibitions in state laws and to categorize types of prohibitions. METHODS We searched for regulations and statutes present in all U.S. states and Washington DC between 2005 and 2019 using MOUD-related terms in Westlaw legal software. In qualitative software, we coded laws discussing MOUD prior authorization using template analysis - a mixed deductive/inductive approach. Finally, we used coded laws to identify frequencies of states with prior authorization prohibitions, including changes over time. RESULTS No states had laws prohibiting MOUD prior authorization between 2005 and 2015, with the first prohibition appearing in 2016. By 2019, fifteen states had MOUD prior authorization prohibitions. States varied significantly in their approach to prohibiting MOUD prior authorization. In 2019, it was more common for states to have MOUD prior authorization prohibitions applying to all insurers (n = 10 states) than to only Medicaid (n = 7 states) or only non-Medicaid insurers (n = 1 state). In 2019, general prior authorization prohibitions (n = 10 states) were more common than prohibitions only applicable to medications on the formulary, prohibitions only applicable to medications on the preferred drug list, prohibitions only applicable during the first 5 days of treatment, and prohibitions only applicable during the first 30 days of treatment. CONCLUSIONS The number of states with an MOUD prior authorization law prohibition increased in recent years. Such laws could help expand access to life-saving OUD treatments by making it easier for clinicians to prescribe MOUD.KEY MESSAGESNo states had MOUD prior authorization prohibitions between 2005 and 2015 in state statutes or regulations, and only one state had such a prohibition in 2016.By 2019, fifteen states had an MOUD prior authorization prohibition law.States varied significantly in their approach to prohibiting MOUD prior authorization, including with respect to the insurer type, duration of the prohibition, and applicable medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Andraka-Christou
- School of Global Health Management and Informatics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine (Secondary Joint Appointment), University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- CONTACT Barbara Andraka-Christou School of Global Health Management and Informatics, University of Central Florida, 525 W Livingston Street, Suite 401, Orlando, 32801FL, USA
| | - Olivia Golan
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rachel Totaram
- School of Global Health Management and Informatics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Maggie Ohama
- The Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Brendan Saloner
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Adam J. Gordon
- Informatics, Decision-Enhancement, and Analytic Sciences (IDEAS) Center, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Program for Addiction Research, Clinical Care, Knowledge and Advocacy (PARCKA), Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Källestedt MS, Asp M, Letterstål A, Widarsson M. When caring becomes an art - how clinical gaze are perceived to be developed. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2156659. [PMID: 36482509 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2022.2156659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This qualitative study describes nurses' experiences and perceptions of how they develop the clinical gaze. METHODS This qualitative study used an inductive approach and content analysis to assess the experiences of newly graduated nurses, nurse managers, and nursing teachers. Nineteen interviews were conducted. To achieve credibility, the study followed the guidelines of the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative research (COREQ). RESULTS Two themes emerged: nurses' personal abilities and the learning culture. Learning culture was considered the foundation of the development of the clinical gaze. The clinical gaze was found to be developed in relationships with patients and when learning together with colleagues, in which the opportunities for reflection are central. To develop the clinical gaze, structures for learning activities, such as reflection, communication exercises, and simulation, are needed so that they become a natural part of daily work. This can also be achieved through supervision and skills training both at university and in a care context. CONCLUSIONS Prerequisites for the development of the clinical gaze include physical presence with the patient combined with learning activities such as conscious reflection with others in a safe learning culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Louise Södersved Källestedt
- Källestedt Clinical Skills Center, Region Västmanland, Västerås, Sweden,School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden,CONTACT Marie-Louise Södersved Källestedt School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, VästeråsSE-721 23, Sweden
| | - Margareta Asp
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna, Sweden
| | - Anna Letterstål
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden,Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margareta Widarsson
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
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Jerez Molina C, Lahuerta Valls L, Fernandez Villegas V, Santos Ruiz S. Evaluación enfermera de la ansiedad prequirúrgica pediátrica: estudio cualitativo. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2023; 31. [DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.6230.3737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Resumen Objetivo: explorar y describir cómo las enfermeras perioperatorias evalúan e interpretan el comportamiento del niño antes de entrar a quirófano, identificando las estrategias que utilizan para minimizar la ansiedad y las propuestas de mejora. Método: estudio cualitativo descriptivo mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas y observación participante de las rutinas diarias. Análisis temático de los datos. El estudio sigue las recomendaciones de criterios para la publicación de artículos de metodología cualitativa Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research. Resultados: cuatro temas surgieron de los datos: a) evaluación de la ansiedad o comunicación estrecha con el niño y su familia; b) valorando lo observado; c) manejando la ansiedad y d) mejorando la evaluación o propuestas de mejora para la práctica diaria. Conclusión: enfermeras evalúan la ansiedad en su práctica diaria de forma observacional utilizando el juicio clínico. La experiencia de la enfermera es determinante en la adecuada evaluación de la ansiedad prequirúrgica del niño. La falta de tiempo entre la espera y el momento de entrar a quirófano, la mala información que tiene el niño y los padres sobre el proceso quirúrgico y la ansiedad de los padres dificultan la evaluación y el manejo correcto de la ansiedad.
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18
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Winqvist I, Näppä U, Rönning H, Häggström M. Reducing risks in complex care transitions in rural areas: a grounded theory. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2185964. [PMID: 36866630 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2185964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although previous research indicates that care transitions differ between rural and urban areas, the knowledge of challenges related to care transitions in rural areas appears limited. This study aimed to provide a deeper understanding of what registered nurses' perceive as the main concerns in care transitions from hospital care to home healthcare in rural areas, and how they handle these during the care transition process. METHODS A Constructivist Grounded Theory method based on individual interviews with 21 registered nurses. RESULTS The main concern in the transition process was "Care coordination in a complex context". The complexity stemmed from several environmental and organizational factors, creating a messy and fragmented context for registered nurses to navigate. The core category "Actively communicating to reduce patient safety risks" was explained by the three categories- "Collaborating on expected care needs", "Anticipating obstacles" and "Timing the departure". CONCLUSIONS The study shows a very complex and stressed process that includes several organizations and actors. Reducing risks during the transition process can be facilitated by clear guidelines, tools for communication across organizations and sufficient staffing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idun Winqvist
- Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Östersund and Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Ulla Näppä
- Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Östersund and Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Helén Rönning
- Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Östersund and Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Marie Häggström
- Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Östersund and Sundsvall, Sweden
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19
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Lee D, Pollack SW, Mroz T, Frogner BK, Skillman SM. Disability competency training in medical education. Med Educ Online 2023; 28:2207773. [PMID: 37148284 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2023.2207773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lack of health care providers' knowledge about the experience and needs of individuals with disabilities contribute to health care disparities experienced by people with disabilities. Using the Core Competencies on Disability for Health Care Education, this mixed methods study aimed to explore the extent the Core Competencies are addressed in medical education programs and the facilitators and barriers to expanding curricular integration. METHOD Mixed-methods design with an online survey and individual qualitative interviews was used. An online survey was distributed to U.S. medical schools. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted via Zoom with five key informants. Survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Fourteen medical schools responded to the survey. Many schools reported addressing most of the Core Competencies. The extent of disability competency training varied across medical programs with the majority showing limited opportunities for in depth understanding of disability. Most schools had some, although limited, engagement with people with disabilities. Having faculty champions was the most frequent facilitator and lack of time in the curriculum was the most significant barrier to integrating more learning activities. Qualitative interviews provided more insight on the influence of the curricular structure and time and the importance of faculty champion and resources. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the need for better integration of disability competency training woven throughout medical school curriculum to encourage in-depth understanding about disability. Formal inclusion of the Core Competencies into the Liaison Committee on Medical Education standards can help ensure that disability competency training does not rely on champions or resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danbi Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
- Center for Health Workforce Studies, Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Samantha W Pollack
- Center for Health Workforce Studies, Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Tracy Mroz
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
- Center for Health Workforce Studies, Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Bianca K Frogner
- Center for Health Workforce Studies, Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Susan M Skillman
- Center for Health Workforce Studies, Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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20
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Hutchens J, Frawley J, Sullivan EA. Is self-advocacy universally achievable for patients? The experiences of Australian women with cardiac disease in pregnancy and postpartum. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2182953. [PMID: 36821349 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2182953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Patient self-advocacy is valued and promoted; however, it may not be readily accessible to all. This analysis examines the experiences of women in Australia who had cardiac disease in pregnancy or the first year postpartum through the lenses of self-advocacy and gender, specifically seeking to elaborate on the contexts, impacts, barriers, and women's responses to the barriers to self-advocacy. METHOD A qualitative study design was used. Twenty-five women participated in semi-structured in-depth interviews. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Analysis of findings generated the following themes: 1) Silent dream scream, 2) Easier said than done, 3) Crazy-making, and 4) Concentric circles of advocacy. Regardless of women's personal attributes, knowledge and experience, self-advocating for their health was complex and difficult and had negative cardiac and psychological outcomes. CONCLUSION While the women encountered significant barriers to self-advocating, they were resilient and ultimately developed strategies to be heard and to advocate on their own behalf and that of other women. Findings can be used to identify ways to support women to self-advocate and to provide adequately resourced and culturally safe environments to enable healthcare professionals to provide person-centred care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Hutchens
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia,CONTACT Jane Hutchens School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Jane Frawley
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
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21
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Nolbeck K, Olausson S, Lindahl G, Thodelius C, Wijk H. Be prepared and do the best you can: a focus group study with staff on the care environment at Swedish secure youth homes. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2168234. [PMID: 36727536 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2168234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined staff members' experiences of the institutional care environment within secure youth homes. METHODS Data were collected through three focus group discussions with 17 staff members at two secure youth homes. Subsequently, a thematic analysis was conducted. RESULTS The analysis indicated two main themes: risk management and damage control in a restricted environment and compensating and reconstructing ordinariness-trying to make the best of it; each theme had three subthemes. The care environment seems to be experienced by staff as characterized by conflicting demands, thus constituting a gap between needs and what is possible to achieve-a balancing act that constitutes a constant struggle. CONCLUSIONS The staff members' constant struggle could be interpreted as conflicting moral and instrumental demands; they know what the youths need, but the environment of the secure youth homes demands the decorous behaviour of sociomaterial control practices-rather than care practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajsa Nolbeck
- Institute of Social Work, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,CONTACT Kajsa Nolbeck University of Gothenburg, Institute of Social Work, Sprängkullsgatan 23-25, Box 720, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sepideh Olausson
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Göran Lindahl
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Division of Building Design, Chalmers University of Technology, and Centre for Healthcare Architecture, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Helle Wijk
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden,Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Division of Building Design, Chalmers University of Technology, and Centre for Healthcare Architecture, Gothenburg, Sweden
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22
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Smyth S, Mulligan K, Rutter E, Harrington L, Hatunic M, Higgins MF. Attitudes of women with gestational diabetes toward diet and exercise: a qualitative study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2023; 36:2155045. [PMID: 36599434 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2022.2155045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gestational diabetes (GDM) refers to glucose intolerance of varying severity first occurring in pregnancy. Following a diagnosis of GDM, exercise and dietary modification has a positive effect on improving glycemic control. Lifestyle changes affected in pregnancies affected by GDM have beneficial effects on long-term health if continued following birth. In addition, the psychological impact of a diagnosis of GDM should not be overlooked. Reports of maternal stress, anxiety, and fear are commonly reported issues in the literature. Support, both socially and from health care professionals, is also linked with higher rates of success in GDM management. Research to date had focused on women's reaction to a diagnosis of GDM, their mood and quality of life following a diagnosis, and their knowledge or opinions on the management of GDM. This qualitative study explored the attitudes of women with GDM toward these lifestyle changes, specifically diet and exercise. Women were also asked to identify advice that would be useful for other women newly diagnosed with GDM. METHODS With ethical approval a qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews which were examined using Thematic Analysis. Patients were invited to participate and gave written consent after a discussion with a study researcher. The question plan for semi-structured interviews was designed with the advice of patient advocates. Recurrent themes were developed until the saturation of data. RESULTS Thirty-two women took part in the study. Time, convenience, and lack of educational awareness were common barriers to healthy eating and physical activity plans. Enablers for change included meal planning and organization. Women regarded their diets pre-diagnosis as healthy, with small "tweaks" (such as portion control) required to comply with recommendations. Another significant facilitator to change was support from the woman's partner. This also set a benchmark for plans of diet maintenance within the family structure after pregnancy. Unlike dietary changes, a consistent theme was that exercise was considered a "chore" in managing GDM and was unlikely to be continued in the long term. Practical advice offered by participants for other women with GDM included organization, realistic approaches, and lack of self-blame. CONCLUSION Women reported that changes in diet would be more achievable in the long term than changes in exercise patterns. Partners and the clinical team were significant sources of support. Women's views are crucial to providing clinicians with a comprehensive and holistic understanding of disease management. Involving women in self-care decisions and empowering women to manage their own health are key contributors to long-term behavior change as well as service provision and policy implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Smyth
- UCD Perinatal Research Center, School of Medicine, National Maternity Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - K Mulligan
- UCD Perinatal Research Center, School of Medicine, National Maternity Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - E Rutter
- Department of Midwifery, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - L Harrington
- Department of Dietetics, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - M Hatunic
- Department of Endocrinology, National Maternity Hospital and Mater Misercordiae Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - M F Higgins
- UCD Perinatal Research Center, School of Medicine, National Maternity Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
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Piil K, Pedersen P, Gyldenvang HH, Elsborg AJ, Skaarup AB, Starklint M, Kjølsen T, Pappot H. The development of medical infographics to raise symptom awareness and promote communication to patients with cancer: A co-creation study. PEC Innov 2023; 2:100146. [PMID: 37214530 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2023.100146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective The study aims to develop medical infographics that have a potential to raise symptom awareness and promote symptom communication between patients diagnosed with cancer and healthcare professionals. Methods This study comprised four phases: 1) development of medical infographics, 2) user testing with healthcare professionals and patients, 3) selection of specific medical infographics, and 4) interviews on these specific medical infographics with patients using the think-aloud method. Results Design students created 22 medical infographics conveying information about six symptoms and concerns. Patients (n = 28) with cancer said that the colourful infographics evoked individual emotional responses and associations, and they facilitated their narratives of experiences with symptoms. Healthcare professionals (n = 29) thought the infographics were eye-catching and may promote dialogue on symptoms. Conclusions The design of medical infographics must target a specific population. When introduced, the use of medical infographics may be influenced by the physical surroundings. Medical infographics can facilitate symptom communication by creating symptom awareness and providing patients with the vocabulary to describe their symptoms and concerns. Innovation Medical infographics are engaging visual messages with the potential to help prepare cancer patients to communicate their symptom experiences and reduce the feeling of being alone in experiencing certain symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Piil
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Centre for Cancer and Organ Diseases, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Aarhus University, Department of Public Health, Bartholins Allé 2, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - P. Pedersen
- Institute of Visual Design, Royal Danish Academy, Philip de Langes Allé 10, 1435 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Centre for Visibility Design, Royal Danish Academy, Philip de Langes Allé 10, 1435 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - H. Holm Gyldenvang
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Centre for Cancer and Organ Diseases, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A. Juhl Elsborg
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Centre for Cancer and Organ Diseases, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A. Bascuñan Skaarup
- Institute of Visual Design, Royal Danish Academy, Philip de Langes Allé 10, 1435 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M. Starklint
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Centre for Cancer and Organ Diseases, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T. Kjølsen
- Institute of Visual Design, Royal Danish Academy, Philip de Langes Allé 10, 1435 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - H. Pappot
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Centre for Cancer and Organ Diseases, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Dinesen TA, Blix BH, Gramstad A. Professional strategies in upper secondary school dropout management among youth in the Sami areas of Norway: a focus group study. Int J Circumpolar Health 2023; 82:2198112. [PMID: 37014958 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2023.2198112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The upper secondary school dropout rate is a challenge in many western countries, and measures have been taken to prevent dropout. The dropout rate in Norway is stable but is the highest among the northernmost counties. The aim of this study is to explore the strategies employed by upper secondary school teachers and their collaborators to prevent dropout from upper secondary school among Sami youth in northern Norway. This study is based on three focus group interviews with teachers, advisers, nurses, and counsellors in the Sami areas of northern Norway. The thematic analysis identified two main strategies, namely tracking the student and giving the student time. A transparent environments, cultural competence, and interdisciplinary collaboration were identified as prerequisites for successfully implementing the two strategies to prevent dropout from upper secondary school.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tone Aashild Dinesen
- Department of Social Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Harstad, Norway
| | - Bodil H Blix
- Department of health and care sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway
- Department of education, arts and sports, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences
| | - Astrid Gramstad
- Department of health and care sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway
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Gerrits T, Kroes H, Russell S, van Rooij F. Breaking the silence around infertility: a scoping review of interventions addressing infertility-related gendered stigmatisation in low- and middle-income countries. Sex Reprod Health Matters 2023; 31:2134629. [PMID: 36811853 DOI: 10.1080/26410397.2022.2134629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a reproductive health concern that deserves attention, as reconfirmed by the 2018 report of the Guttmacher-Lancet Commission on Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR). However, governments and SRHR organisations tend to neglect infertility. We conducted a scoping review of existing interventions aiming to decrease the stigmatisation of infertility in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The review consisted of a combination of research methods: academic database (Embase, Socological abstracts, google scholar; resulting in 15 articles), Google and social media searches, and primary data collection (18 key informant interviews and 3 focus group discussions). The results distinguish between infertility stigma interventions targeted at intrapersonal, interpersonal and structural levels of stigma. The review shows that published studies on interventions tackling infertility stigmatisation in LMICs are rare. Nevertheless, we found several interventions at intra- and interpersonal levels aiming to support women and men to cope with and mitigate infertility stigmatisation (e.g. counselling, telephone hotlines, and support groups). A limited number of interventions addressed stigmatisation at a structural level (e.g. empowering infertile women to become financially independent). The review suggests that infertility destigmatisation interventions need to be implemented across all levels. Interventions geared to individuals experiencing infertility should include women and men and also be offered beyond the clinical setting; and interventions should also aim to combat stigmatising attitudes of family or community members. At the structural level, interventions could aim to empower women, reshape masculinities and improve access to and quality of comprehensive fertility care. Interventions should be undertaken by policymakers, professionals, activists, and others working on infertility in LMICs, and accompanied with evaluation research to assess their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trudie Gerrits
- Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Correspondence:
| | - Hilde Kroes
- Independent Consultant, Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights, Eefde, Netherlands
| | - Steve Russell
- Associate Professor, School of International Development, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Floor van Rooij
- Assistant Professor, Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Lesser IA, Nienhuis CP, Hatfield GL. Moms on the move: A qualitative exploration of a postpartum group exercise program on physical activity behaviour at three distinct time points. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2172793. [PMID: 36710424 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2172793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Physical activity (PA) after the birth of a child is associated with improved physical and mental health benefits. The aim of the study was to explore new mothers' experiences of PA before and after participation in a group-based PA program for new mothers. The study has three research questions: how new mothers felt; 1) about PA after the birth of their child 2) about engaging in a group-based PA program and 3) after the program ended about ongoing PA engagement. METHODS We conducted an 8-week bi-weekly PA program for postpartum women. To understand the experience of postpartum women engaging in a group-based PA program we conducted one-on-one semi-structured interviews before, after, and at 6-month follow-up. RESULTS Of the n = 21 participants in the Moms on the Move study; n = 17 completed pre interviews.s. One primary theme emerged from pre-program interviews where mothers shared how they were lost as to where to start PA. Post-program interviews produced two primary themes; engaging in PA helped mothers, and mothers learned to rethink PA. CONCLUSIONS Postpartum women who participated in this group-based PA program had positive benefits to their mental and physical health and were able to alter their PA behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris A. Lesser
- School of Kinesiology, University of the Fraser Valley, Chilliwack, BC, Canada
| | - Carl P. Nienhuis
- School of Kinesiology, University of the Fraser Valley, Chilliwack, BC, Canada,CONTACT Carl P. Nienhuis School of Kinesiology, University of the Fraser Valley, ChilliwackV2R0N3, Canada
| | - Gillian L. Hatfield
- School of Kinesiology, University of the Fraser Valley, Chilliwack, BC, Canada
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Tort-Nasarre G, Pollina-Pocallet M, Ferrer Suquet Y, Ortega Bravo M, Vilafranca Cartagena M, Artigues-Barberà E. Positive body image: a qualitative study on the successful experiences of adolescents, teachers and parents. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2170007. [PMID: 36710436 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2170007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Body image encompasses body-related self-perceptions and personal attitudes. Dissatisfaction with body image during the early stages of adolescence is negatively related to self-esteem and other health problems. A few publications focused on positive body image and directly related to the experiences and interactions of adolescents themselves. To explore positive body image in adolescents and describe the familial and educational factors that contribute to its development.Methods A qualitative study was conducted. Purposive sampling was used, and 9 adolescents, 6 families, and 8 teachers participated in semi-structured interviews, which were then theme analyzed. Results Self-care, body acceptance, confronting messages that attack body image, and the influence of social media have been identified as emerging themes in adolescents' positive body image experiences. Therefore, the pubertal period, family values, fostering, and educational actions as well as media literacy were identified as factors promoting self-esteem and positive body image in the family and educational environment. Conclusions Their parents also expressed aspects such as those that contribute to the development of healthy self-esteem, confidence, and positive body image. Alternatively, the teachers indicated educational activities to work on self-image and self-esteem when faced with situations of concern in the classroom.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tort-Nasarre
- Calaf Primary Care Center, SAP Anoia-Gerència Territorial Catalunya Central, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Calaf, Barcelona, Spain,Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain,AFIN, Research Group and Outreach Centre, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Pollina-Pocallet
- Bellpuig Primary Care Center, Diputació, Lleida, Gerència Territorial Lleida, Catalan Health Institute (ICS), Barcelona, Spain,Research Support Unit Lleida, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Lleida, Spain
| | - Y Ferrer Suquet
- Research Support Unit Lleida, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Lleida, Spain
| | - M Ortega Bravo
- Research Support Unit Lleida, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Lleida, Spain,Cappont Primary Care Center, Lleida, Gerència Territorial Lleida, Catalan Health Institute (ICS), Barcelona, Spain,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - M Vilafranca Cartagena
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science and Welfare, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVIC-UCC), Manresa, Spain
| | - E Artigues-Barberà
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain,Research Support Unit Lleida, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Lleida, Spain,Balafia Primary Care Center, Lleida, Gerència Territorial Lleida, Catalan Health Institute (ICS), Barcelona, Spain,CONTACT E Artigues-Barberà Research Support Unit Lleida, Rambla Ferran, 44, Lleida25007, Spain
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Horn CE, Seely EW, Levkoff SE, Isley BC, Nicklas JM. Postpartum women's experiences in a randomized controlled trial of a web-based lifestyle intervention following Gestational Diabetes: a qualitative study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2023; 36:2194012. [PMID: 36977603 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2194012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with an increased maternal risk for the development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We previously demonstrated in a randomized trial that a web-based postpartum lifestyle intervention program, Balance After Baby, increased weight loss among postpartum women with recent pregnancies complicated by GDM. The aim of this analysis is to identify the impact of the intervention on study participants as assessed by exit interviews after completion of the 12 month study. METHODS We conducted structured exit interviews created with a concurrent-contextual design with subjects randomized to the intervention group at the conclusion of their participation (∼12 months) in the Balance After Baby study, with the objectives of 1) understanding the impact of the intervention on participants and their family members, 2) identifying which program components were most and least helpful, and 3) identifying the perceived best timing for diabetes prevention interventions in postpartum women with recent GDM. RESULTS Seventy-nine percent (26/33) of eligible intervention participants participated in interviews. Participants noted changes in diet and physical activity as a result of the intervention. Several components of the intervention, particularly the online modules and support from the lifestyle coach, were perceived by intervention participants to have had a positive effect on personal and familial lifestyle change, while other components were less utilized, including the community forum, YMCA memberships, and pedometers. Nearly all participants felt that the timing in the intervention study, beginning about 6 weeks postpartum, was ideal. DISCUSSION Results of this study identify the importance of individualized coaching, impact on family members, and demonstrate that postpartum women feel ready to make changes by 6 weeks postpartum. Findings from this study will help inform the development of future technologically-based lifestyle interventions for postpartum women with recent GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine E Horn
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ellen W Seely
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sue E Levkoff
- College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Breanna C Isley
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacinda M Nicklas
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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Mbare B. Psychosocial work environment and mental wellbeing of food delivery platform workers in Helsinki, Finland: A qualitative study. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2173336. [PMID: 36730307 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2173336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Food delivery platform work is a relatively new phenomenon in Finland and has not been studied widely hence limited knowledge on its work environment. The aim of this study was to explore and understand its psychosocial work environment in the Helsinki region and how it relates to the mental wellbeing of its couriers. METHODS The study draws its findings from 20 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with food delivery platform workers in Helsinki. Data were approached through thematic analysis where the six phases of thematic analysis were meticulously followed. RESULTS Food delivery platform work provided couriers with income and labour market opportunities. However, its work environment was psychosocially burdening, which posed detrimental challenges to the mental wellbeing of its couriers. CONCLUSION Study findings indicated that food delivery platform workers worked in an onerous work environment, which accentuated their occupational mental health. Thus, this study recommends future longitudinal research that would examine the association between food delivery platform work and mental health of couriers working through such platforms. Also, interventions and policies that aim at improving its psychosocial work environment are required for a more decent and healthier work environment that enhances mental health and wellbeing of its couriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benta Mbare
- Doctoral researcher, in the doctoral programme in Health Sciences at Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,CONTACT Benta Mbare Doctoral programme in Health Sciences, Tampere University, Finland
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