51
|
Tian X, Chen S, Xu Q, Xia X, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Wang P, Wu S, Wang A. Longitudinal cardiovascular health measured by life's essential 8 metrics with incident diabetes: A 13-year prospective cohort study. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2024; 40:e3757. [PMID: 38069514 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the associations of baseline and longitudinal cardiovascular health (CVH) measured by 'Life's Essential 8' (LE8) metrics with the risk of diabetes in Chinese people with normoglycaemia or prediabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total 86,149 participants without diabetes were enroled from the Kailuan study and were stratified by baseline glycaemic status (normoglycaemia or prediabetes). Cardiovascular health score ranged from 0 to 100 points was categorised into low (0-49), middle (50-79), and high (80-100) CVH status. Cox regressions were used to assess the associations of baseline and time-updated CVH status with incident diabetes in the overall cohort and across baseline glycaemic statuses. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 12.94 (interquartile rage: 12.48-13.16) years, we identified 13,097 (15.20%) cases of incident diabetes. Baseline and time-updated high CVH status was associated with a lower risk of diabetes, the corresponding hazard ratio (HR) versus low CVH status was 0.27 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.23-0.31) and 0.26 (95% CI, 0.23-0.30) in the overall cohort, respectively. Additionally, the effect of high CVH on diabetes was more prominent in participants with normoglycaemia than those with prediabetes (P < 0.0001), with an HR of 0.26 (95% CI, 0.22-0.31) versus 0.50 (95% CI, 0.41-0.62) for baseline CVH, and 0.25 (95% CI, 0.21-0.30) versus 0.39 (95% CI, 0.32-0.48) for time-updated CVH. CONCLUSIONS Elevated baseline and longitudinal CVH score assessed by LE8 metrics is associated with a lower risk of subsequent diabetes, especially in normoglycaemic adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Tian
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Xia
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Penglian Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Anxin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Trial, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Marra A, Bondesan A, Caroli D, Sartorio A. Complete Blood Count (CBC)-Derived Inflammation Indexes Are Useful in Predicting Metabolic Syndrome in Adults with Severe Obesity. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1353. [PMID: 38592161 PMCID: PMC10932131 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a globally increasing pathological condition. Recent research highlighted the utility of complete blood count-derived (CBC) inflammation indexes to predict MetS in adults with obesity. Methods: This study examined CBC-derived inflammation indexes (NHR, LHR, MHR, PHR, SIRI, AISI, and SII) in 231 adults with severe obesity (88 males, 143 females; age: 52.3 [36.4-63.3] years), divided based on the presence (MetS+) or absence (MetS-) of MetS. The relationships between the indexes and the cardiometabolic risk biomarkers HOMA-IR, TG/HDL-C, and non-HDL-C were also evaluated. Results: Individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS+) had significantly higher values of MHR, LHR, NHR, PHR, and SIRI than those without (MetS-) (MHR and NHR: p < 0.0001; LHR: p = 0.001; PHR: p = 0.011; SIRI: p = 0.021). These values were positively correlated with the degree of MetS severity. Logistic regression (MHR and NHR: p = 0.000; LHR: p = 0.002; PHR: p = 0.022; SIRI: p = 0.040) and ROC analysis (MHR: AUC = 0.6604; LHR: AUC = 0.6343; NHR: AUC = 0.6741; PHR: AUC = 0.6054; SIRI: AUC = 0.5955) confirmed the predictive potential of CBC-derived inflammation indexes for MetS in individuals with severe obesity. CBC-derived inflammation indexes also correlated with HOMA-IR (MHR, LHR, and NHR: p < 0.0001; PHR: p < 0.001; SIRI: p = 0.000) and TG/HDL-C (MHR, LHR, NHR and PHR: p < 0.0001; SIRI: p = 0.006). Conclusions: In conclusion, this study validates CBC-derived inflammation indexes for predicting MetS in individuals with severe obesity. The relationships between these indexes and cardiometabolic risk factors can enable clinicians to better grade MetS associated with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Marra
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, 28824 Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy; (A.B.); (D.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Adele Bondesan
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, 28824 Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy; (A.B.); (D.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Diana Caroli
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, 28824 Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy; (A.B.); (D.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Alessandro Sartorio
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, 28824 Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy; (A.B.); (D.C.); (A.S.)
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, 20145 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Farhadnejad H, Mokhtari E, Teymoori F, Jahromi MK, Saber N, Ahmadirad H, Norouzzadeh M, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. Macronutrients quality indices and risk of metabolic syndrome and its components in Iranian adults. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:126. [PMID: 38408923 PMCID: PMC10898212 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03779-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Evidence from recent studies suggested that the quality of dietary macronutrients can play a possible role in predicting the risk of metabolic disorders. In the current study, we aimed to assess the association of carbohydrate quality index (CQI) and protein score with the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Iranian adults. METHODS This prospective study was conducted within the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study on 1738 individuals aged between 40 and 70 years old, who were followed up for a mean of 6.1 years. A food frequency questionnaire was used to determine CQI and protein scores. The multivariable adjusted Cox regression model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) of MetS across quartiles of protein score and CQI, and its components. RESULTS The mean ± standard deviation (SD) age and body mass index of the study population (42.5% men) were 49.3 ± 7.5 years and 27.0 ± 4.0 kg/m2, respectively. Mean ± SD scores of CQI and protein for all participants were 12.6 ± 2.4 and 10.3 ± 3.5, respectively. During the study follow-up, 834(48.0%) new cases of MetS were ascertained. In the multivariable-adjusted model, the risk of MetS was decreased across quartiles of CQI (HR = 0.83;95%CI:0.69-1.00, Ptrend=0.025) and protein score (HR = 0.75; 95% CI:0.60-0.94, Ptrend=0.041). Also, Of CQI components, the whole grain/total grains ratio showed a significant inverse association with the risk of MetS (HR = 0.75;95%CI:0.60-0.94, Ptrend=0.012). CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that a dietary pattern with higher CQI and protein score may be related to a reduced risk of MetS in adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Farhadnejad
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mokhtari
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Teymoori
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mitra Kazemi Jahromi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Niloufar Saber
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Ahmadirad
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Norouzzadeh
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Liu Q, Zhang Y, Chen S, Xiang H, Ouyang J, Liu H, Zhang J, Chai Y, Zhan Z, Gao P, Zhang X, Fan J, Zheng X, Zhang Z, Lu H. Association of the triglyceride-glucose index with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with cardiometabolic syndrome: a national cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:80. [PMID: 38402393 PMCID: PMC10893675 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02152-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the association of triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk among patients with cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS). METHODS We performed a cohort study of 5754 individuals with CMS from the 2001-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The TyG index was calculated as Ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models assessed the associations between TyG index and mortality . Non-linear correlations and threshold effects were explored using restricted cubic splines and a two-piecewise Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 107 months, 1201 all-cause deaths occurred, including 398 cardiovascular disease-related deaths. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model showed a positive association between the TyG index and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Each one-unit increase in the TyG index was associated with a 16% risk increase in all-cause mortality (HR: 1.16, 95% CI 1.03, 1.31, P = 0.017) and a 39% risk increase in cardiovascular mortality (HR: 1.39, 95% CI 1.14, 1.71, P = 0.001) after adjusting for confounders. The restricted cubic splines revealed a U-shaped association between the TyG index and all-cause (P for nonlinear < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (P for nonlinear = 0.044), identifying threshold values (all-cause mortality: 9.104; cardiovascular mortality: 8.758). A TyG index below these thresholds displayed a negative association with all-cause mortality (HR: 0.58, 95% CI 0.38, 0.90, P = 0.015) but not with cardiovascular mortality (HR: 0.39, 95% CI 0.12, 1.27, P = 0.119). Conversely, a TyG index exceeding these thresholds was positively associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality (HR: 1.35, 95% CI 1.17, 1.55, P < 0.001; HR: 1.54, 95% CI 1.25, 1.90, P < 0.001, respectively). Notably, a higher TyG index (≥ threshold values) was significantly associated with increased mortality only among individuals aged under 55 compared to those with a lower TyG index (< threshold values). CONCLUSIONS The TyG index demonstrated a U-shaped correlation with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in individuals with CMS. The thresholds of 9.104 and 8.758 for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively, may be used as intervention targets to reduce the risk of premature death and cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quanjun Liu
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, China
| | - Yeshen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, China
| | - Shuhua Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences of Central, South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Xiang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Ouyang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, China
| | - Huiqin Liu
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, China
| | - Yanfei Chai
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zishun Zhan
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences of Central, South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianing Fan
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, China
| | - Xinru Zheng
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, China.
| | - Hongwei Lu
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, China.
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Chomiuk T, Niezgoda N, Mamcarz A, Śliż D. Physical activity in metabolic syndrome. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1365761. [PMID: 38440349 PMCID: PMC10910017 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1365761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become one of the global epidemics, contributing to the burden of disease in society, increasing the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular and liver diseases. Inadequate energy balance resulting from excessive energy intake and insufficient physical activity (PA) is one of the main factors contributing to the incidence of obesity and the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Treatment options for obesity include lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery, with the latter being the most effective treatment. Lifestyle interventions involving increased PA and reduced caloric intake improve metabolic outcomes. Early implementation of exercise leads to improved physical fitness, better glycemic control and lipid profile. Undertaking systematic PA is associated with better quality of life, improves insulin sensitivity, causes additional weight loss, reduces its adverse effects on bone mass and results in better body composition. In this narrative review we summarized the current state of knowledge on the impact of PA on the components of MetS and the latest recommendations for PA in patients with MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia Niezgoda
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
56
|
Alemany M. The Metabolic Syndrome, a Human Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2251. [PMID: 38396928 PMCID: PMC10888680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the question of metabolic syndrome (MS) being a complex, but essentially monophyletic, galaxy of associated diseases/disorders, or just a syndrome of related but rather independent pathologies. The human nature of MS (its exceptionality in Nature and its close interdependence with human action and evolution) is presented and discussed. The text also describes the close interdependence of its components, with special emphasis on the description of their interrelations (including their syndromic development and recruitment), as well as their consequences upon energy handling and partition. The main theories on MS's origin and development are presented in relation to hepatic steatosis, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, but encompass most of the MS components described so far. The differential effects of sex and its biological consequences are considered under the light of human social needs and evolution, which are also directly related to MS epidemiology, severity, and relations with senescence. The triggering and maintenance factors of MS are discussed, with especial emphasis on inflammation, a complex process affecting different levels of organization and which is a critical element for MS development. Inflammation is also related to the operation of connective tissue (including the adipose organ) and the widely studied and acknowledged influence of diet. The role of diet composition, including the transcendence of the anaplerotic maintenance of the Krebs cycle from dietary amino acid supply (and its timing), is developed in the context of testosterone and β-estradiol control of the insulin-glycaemia hepatic core system of carbohydrate-triacylglycerol energy handling. The high probability of MS acting as a unique complex biological control system (essentially monophyletic) is presented, together with additional perspectives/considerations on the treatment of this 'very' human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marià Alemany
- Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Kim T. Quality of Life in Metabolic Syndrome Patients Based on the Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:127. [PMID: 38392480 PMCID: PMC10885961 DOI: 10.3390/bs14020127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the impact of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on a sizeable proportion of the global population, the difference in the quality of life (QoL) between a group without risk factors for OSA and a group with risk factors for OSA among individuals with MetS is currently unclear. This study aimed to identify the determinants of QoL in patients with MetS with and without OSA risk factors and to analyze differences between these two groups. Data were extracted from the 2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The Rao-Scott χ2 test was performed to evaluate differences in baseline characteristics based on OSA risk factors. A t-test was performed to evaluate differences in the baseline QoL, and linear regression analysis was performed to identify the effect on the QoL of the two groups. The factors affecting QoL in the low-risk group included age, education level, and depression. The factors affecting QoL in the high-risk group were physical activity and depression. These results suggest that nursing interventions should be devised according to patients' characteristics to help improve their QoL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taehui Kim
- Department of Nursing Science, Joongbu University, Chungnam 32713, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Luo Q, Wei Y, Lv X, Chen W, Yang D, Tuo Q. The Effect and Mechanism of Oleanolic Acid in the Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome and Related Cardiovascular Diseases. Molecules 2024; 29:758. [PMID: 38398510 PMCID: PMC10892503 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndromes (MetS) and related cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a serious threat to human health. MetS are metabolic disorders characterized by obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, which increase the risk of CVDs' initiation and development. Although there are many availabile drugs for treating MetS and related CVDs, some side effects also occur. Considering the low-level side effects, many natural products have been tried to treat MetS and CVDs. A five-cyclic triterpenoid natural product, oleanolic acid (OA), has been reported to have many pharmacologic actions such as anti-hypertension, anti-hyperlipidemia, and liver protection. OA has specific advantages in the treatment of MetS and CVDs. OA achieves therapeutic effects through a variety of pathways, attracting great interest and playing a vital role in the treatment of MetS and CVDs. Consequently, in this article, we aim to review the pharmacological actions and potential mechanisms of OA in treating MetS and related CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quanye Luo
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Q.L.); (Y.W.); (W.C.)
| | - Yu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Q.L.); (Y.W.); (W.C.)
| | - Xuzhen Lv
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, The School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China;
| | - Wen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Q.L.); (Y.W.); (W.C.)
| | - Dongmei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Q.L.); (Y.W.); (W.C.)
| | - Qinhui Tuo
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Q.L.); (Y.W.); (W.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Asenjo-Lobos C, González L, Bulnes JF, Roque M, Muñoz Venturelli P, Rodríguez GM. Cardiovascular events risk in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases: a prognostic systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Res Cardiol 2024; 113:246-259. [PMID: 37650912 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-023-02291-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation is considered a risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular (CV) events. We seek to assess the risk of CV events in patients with Systemic autoimmune diseases (SAD), such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Psoriasis (Ps) and Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), compared with the general population. METHODS AND RESULTS A systematic search of MEDLINE from inception up to May 2021 was performed. Observational studies including individuals with and without autoimmune diseases (SLE, RA, Ps, AS), which reported a measure of association and variability for the effect of SAD on CV events, were included. The random effects meta-analysis was performed using the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman approach to obtain the pooled estimates. Cardiovascular Events including CV mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), non-fatal stroke and coronary revascularization were the main outcomes evaluated. Fifty-four studies were selected, with a total of 24,107,072 participants. The presence of SAD was associated with an increased risk of CV mortality (HR 1.49 [95% CI 1.10-2.03]), non-fatal MI (HR 1.42 [95% CI 1.23-1.62]), and non-fatal stroke (HR 1.47 [95% CI 1.28-1.70]). RA, SLE, and Ps (particularly with arthritis) were significantly associated with a higher risk of MI and stroke. SAD was also associated with an increased risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) (HR 1.45 [95% CI 1.16-1.83]). CONCLUSION Patients with SAD present an increased risk of CV morbidity and mortality, which should be considered when establishing therapeutic strategies. These findings support the role of systemic inflammation in the development of atherosclerosis-driven disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Asenjo-Lobos
- Centro de Estudios Clínicos, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad de Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leticia González
- Centro de Imágenes Biomédicas, Departamento de Radiología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto Milenio de Ingeniería e Inteligencia Artificial para la Salud, iHEALTH, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Francisco Bulnes
- División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marta Roque
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Muñoz Venturelli
- Centro de Estudios Clínicos, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad de Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Medicine, The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
60
|
Ye F, Liu D, Zhang J. Transient receptor potential channel TRPM4 favors oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced coronary endothelial cell dysfunction via a mechanism involving ferroptosis. Tissue Cell 2024; 86:102290. [PMID: 38103473 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Accelerating the repair of damaged endothelium can effectively inhibit the progression of atherosclerosis (AS). Transient receptor potential channel TRPM4 is a non-selective cation channel activated by internal Ca2+, which is expressed in endothelial cells. This study aimed to reveal the potential role of TRPM4 in AS along with the mechanism. Human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) induced by ox-LDL was regarded as an in vitro model. The impacts of TRPM4 knockdown on cellular inflammation response, oxidative stress, normal endothelial function and lipid peroxidation were evaluated. Given that ferroptosis promotes AS progression, the effects of TRPM4 on intracellular iron ions and ferroptosis-related proteins was determined. Afterwards, HCAECs were treated with ferroptosis inducer erastin, and the influence of ferroptosis in the cellular model was revealed. TRPM4 was elevated in response to ox-LDL treatment in HCAECs. TRPM4 knockdown reduced the inflammation response, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation caused by ox-LDL, and maintained the normal function of HCAECs. Erastin treatment destroyed the impacts of TRPM4 knockdown that are beneficial for cells to resist ox-LDL, showing the enhancement of the above adverse factors. Together, this study found that TRPM4 knockdown reduced ox-LDL-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and dysfunction in HCAECs, possibly via a mechanism involving Fe2+ and ferroptosis-related proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiang Ye
- Cardiology Department, Xuzhou Renci Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Dongtao Liu
- Cardiology Department, Xuzhou Renci Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Cath Lab, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Brassetti A, Tedesco F, Cacciatore L, Prata F, Ragusa A, Iannuzzi A, Lombardo R, Tema G, Cicione A, Tubaro A, Simone G, DE Nunzio C. Statins may increase the risk of being diagnosed with prostate cancer. Minerva Urol Nephrol 2024; 76:74-80. [PMID: 37795695 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6051.23.05454-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although statins are known to protect against cardiovascular accidents, their anti-inflammatory features could play a role in preventing tumorigenesis. We investigated the association between statin intake and prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and aggressiveness. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed. Our dataset on patients undergone systematic prostate biopsy from December 2008 to December 2022 was searched for histopathologic and clinical data. Prognostic Grade Group ≥3 tumors were defined as high-grade (HG). The association between Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), statin use and PCa diagnosis and HG disease was assessed using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Data on 1685 patients were collected; MetS affected 344 (20.4%) men and 138 (36.5%) were taking statins at least for 6 months at the time of biopsy. Among the 671 (39.8%) men diagnosed with PCa, 327 (48.7%) presented with a HG disease. Tumor incidence was higher among men taking statins, compared to controls (46.8% vs. 37.8%; P=0.002); also, high grade diseases were more common in the former group, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (49.1% vs. 48.6%; P=0.89). Statin intake (OR 1.44; 95% CI [1.05-1.98]; P=0.02) independently predicted PCa diagnosis but not high-grade disease (P=0.8). CONCLUSIONS Statin use may be associated with an increased risk of PCa diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Brassetti
- Department of Urology, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Tedesco
- Department of Urology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy -
| | - Loris Cacciatore
- Department of Urology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Prata
- Department of Urology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Ragusa
- Department of Urology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Iannuzzi
- Department of Urology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Lombardo
- Department of Urology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Tema
- Department of Urology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Cicione
- Department of Urology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Tubaro
- Department of Urology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Simone
- Department of Urology, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Cosimo DE Nunzio
- Department of Urology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Bayyigit A, Gokden Y, Onol S, Ozek FZ, Saglam S, Adas M. Hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism are associated with fatty pancreas (Non-Alcoholic Fatty Pancreas Disease). Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2024; 40:e3720. [PMID: 37691570 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increasing visceral fat deposition with raised prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome is associated with many adverse conditions, especially cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Although there are many studies that investigate hepatic steatosis in hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study investigating its relationship with pancreatic steatosis. In the present study, the purpose was to investigate this relationship. METHODS Physical and biochemical characteristics of 30 hypothyroid, 30 subclinical hypothyroid, and 30 euthyroid volunteers were recorded in this cross-sectional study. Liver and pancreatic steatosis were evaluated with ultrasonography. RESULTS It was found that pancreatic steatosis was increased in hypothyroid and subclinical groups when compared to the control group, and hepatic steatosis was increased in the subclinical group when compared to the control group (steatosis; p = 0.002, p = 0.004, p = 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.002, p = 0.004). Pancreatic steatosis was positively correlated with age, hepatic steatosis, height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, hemoglobin, Insulin, alanine aminotransferase, Triglyceride, Creatinine, and gamma-glutamyltransferase and was negatively correlated with total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of pancreatic steatosis was found to be increased in hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism when compared with the euthyroid control group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akif Bayyigit
- Department of Internal Medicine, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Gokden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Suzan Onol
- Department of Radiology, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Z Ozek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selin Saglam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mine Adas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Tang S, Geng Y, Lin Q. The role of mitophagy in metabolic diseases and its exercise intervention. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1339128. [PMID: 38348222 PMCID: PMC10859464 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1339128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are energy factories that sustain life activities in the body, and their dysfunction can cause various metabolic diseases that threaten human health. Mitophagy, an essential intracellular mitochondrial quality control mechanism, can maintain cellular and metabolic homeostasis by removing damaged mitochondria and participating in developing metabolic diseases. Research has confirmed that exercise can regulate mitophagy levels, thereby exerting protective metabolic effects in metabolic diseases. This article reviews the role of mitophagy in metabolic diseases, the effects of exercise on mitophagy, and the potential mechanisms of exercise-regulated mitophagy intervention in metabolic diseases, providing new insights for future basic and clinical research on exercise interventions to prevent and treat metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qinqin Lin
- School of Physical Education, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Li J, Liu Y, Huang H, Jin L. Cardiovascular health of offspring conceived by assisted reproduction technology: a comprehensive review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1287060. [PMID: 38292241 PMCID: PMC10824981 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1287060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, the use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) has rapidly increased. As a result, an increasing number of people are concerned about the safety of offspring produced through ART. Moreover, emerging evidence suggests an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in offspring conceived using ART. In this review, we discuss the epigenetic mechanisms involved in altered DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA expression, as well as imprinting disorders. We also summarize studies on cardiovascular changes and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as adverse intrauterine environments, perinatal complications, and altered metabolism following assisted reproductive technology (ART). Finally, we emphasize the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the increased risk of CVD in offspring conceived through ART, which could contribute to the early diagnosis and prevention of CVD in the ART population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hefeng Huang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Jin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Tarabeih N, Kalinkovich A, Ashkenazi S, Cherny SS, Shalata A, Livshits G. Relationships between Circulating Biomarkers and Body Composition Parameters in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Community-Based Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:881. [PMID: 38255954 PMCID: PMC10815336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex disease involving multiple physiological, biochemical, and metabolic abnormalities. The search for reliable biomarkers may help to better elucidate its pathogenesis and develop new preventive and therapeutic strategies. In the present population-based study, we looked for biomarkers of MetS among obesity- and inflammation-related circulating factors and body composition parameters in 1079 individuals (with age range between 18 and 80) belonging to an ethnically homogeneous population. Plasma levels of soluble markers were measured by using ELISA. Body composition parameters were assessed using bioimpedance analysis (BIA). Statistical analysis, including mixed-effects regression, with MetS as a dependent variable, revealed that the most significant independent variables were mainly adipose tissue-related phenotypes, including fat mass/weight (FM/WT) [OR (95% CI)], 2.77 (2.01-3.81); leptin/adiponectin ratio (L/A ratio), 1.50 (1.23-1.83); growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) levels, 1.32 (1.08-1.62); inflammatory markers, specifically monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR), 2.53 (2.00-3.15), and a few others. Additive Bayesian network modeling suggests that age, sex, MHR, and FM/WT are directly associated with MetS and probably affect its manifestation. Additionally, MetS may be causing the GDF-15 and L/A ratio. Our novel findings suggest the existence of complex, age-related, and possibly hierarchical relationships between MetS and factors associated with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nader Tarabeih
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel; (N.T.); (S.A.)
| | - Alexander Kalinkovich
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (A.K.); (S.S.C.)
| | - Shai Ashkenazi
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel; (N.T.); (S.A.)
| | - Stacey S. Cherny
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (A.K.); (S.S.C.)
| | - Adel Shalata
- The Simon Winter Institute for Human Genetics, Bnai Zion Medical Center, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel;
| | - Gregory Livshits
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel; (N.T.); (S.A.)
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (A.K.); (S.S.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Nunes YC, Santos GDO, Machado NM, Otoboni AMMB, Laurindo LF, Bishayee A, Fimognari C, Bishayee A, Barbalho SM. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seeds and by-products in metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disorders: A systematic review of clinical studies. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155170. [PMID: 38000103 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVDs) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The main risk factors are hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and increased serum lipids. The peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), also known as the groundnut, goober, pindar, or monkey nut, belongs to the Fabaceae family and is the fourth most cultivated oilseed in the world. The seeds and skin of peanuts possess a rich phytochemical profile composed of antioxidants, such as phenolic acids, stilbenes, flavonoids, and phytosterols. Peanut consumption can provide numerous health benefits, such as anti-obesity, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and hypolipidemic effects. Accordingly, peanuts have the potential to treat CVD and counteract its risk factors. PURPOSE This study aims to critically evaluate the effects of peanuts on metabolic syndrome (MetS) and CVD risk factors based on clinical studies. METHOD This review includes studies indexed in MEDLINE-PubMed, COCHRANE, and EMBASE, and the Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines were adhered to. RESULTS Nineteen studies were included and indicated that the consumption of raw peanuts or differing forms of processed foods containing peanut products and phytochemicals could improve metabolic parameters, such as glycemia, insulinemia, glycated hemoglobin, lipids, body mass index, waist circumference, atherogenic indices, and endothelial function. CONCLUSION We propose that this legume and its products be used as a sustainable and low-cost alternative for the prevention and treatment of MetS and CVD. However, further research with larger sample sizes, longer intervention durations, and more diverse populations is needed to understand the full benefit of peanut consumption in MetS and CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yandra Cervelim Nunes
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gian de Oliveira Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathália Mendes Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alda M M B Otoboni
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília 17519-030, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anusha Bishayee
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Zafar A, Wajid B, Shabbir A, Gohar Awan F, Ahsan M, Ahmad S, Wajid I, Anwar F, Mazhar F. Unearthing Insights into Metabolic Syndrome by Linking Drugs, Targets, and Gene Expressions Using Similarity Measures and Graph Theory. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2024; 20:773-783. [PMID: 37592790 DOI: 10.2174/1573409920666230817101913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of metabolic disorders that includes obesity in combination with at least any two of the following conditions, i.e., insulin resistance, high blood pressure, low HDL cholesterol, and high triglycerides level. Treatment of this syndrome is challenging because of the multiple interlinked factors that lead to increased risks of type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to conduct extensive in silico analysis to (i) find central genes that play a pivotal role in MetS and (ii) propose suitable drugs for therapy. Our objective is to first create a drug-disease network and then identify novel genes in the drug-disease network with strong associations to drug targets, which can help in increasing the therapeutical effects of different drugs. In the future, these novel genes can be used to calculate drug synergy and propose new drugs for the effective treatment of MetS. METHODS For this purpose, we (i) investigated associated drugs and pathways for MetS, (ii) employed eight different similarity measures to construct eight gene regulatory networks, (iii) chose an optimal network, where a maximum number of drug targets were central, (iv) determined central genes exhibiting strong associations with these drug targets and associated disease-causing pathways, and lastly (v) employed these candidate genes to propose suitable drugs. RESULTS Our results indicated (i) a novel drug-disease network complex, with (ii) novel genes associated with MetS. CONCLUSION Our developed drug-disease network complex closely represents MetS with associated novel findings and markers for an improved understanding of the disease and suggested therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alwaz Zafar
- Ibn Sina Research & Development Division, Sabz-Qalam, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Wajid
- Ibn Sina Research & Development Division, Sabz-Qalam, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ans Shabbir
- Ibn Sina Research & Development Division, Sabz-Qalam, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Fahim Gohar Awan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Momina Ahsan
- Ibn Sina Research & Development Division, Sabz-Qalam, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sarfraz Ahmad
- Ibn Sina Research & Development Division, Sabz-Qalam, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Imran Wajid
- Ibn Sina Research & Development Division, Sabz-Qalam, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
- Department of Social Sciences, Istanbul Commerce University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Faria Anwar
- Outpatient Department, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Fazeelat Mazhar
- Department of Biomedical, Electrical and System Engineering, University of Bologna, Cesena Campus, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Rivas García F, Martínez RJG, Camarasa FJH, Cerdá JCM, Messeguer FL, Gallardo MLV. A Narrative Review: Analysis of Supplemental Parenteral Nutrition in Adults at the End of Life. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 17:65. [PMID: 38256898 PMCID: PMC10820363 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
"End of life" is a stage defined by the existence of an irreversible prognosis that ends with a person's death. One of the aspects of interest regarding end of life focuses on parenteral nutrition, which is usually administered in order to avoid malnutrition and associated complications. However, parenteral nutrition can be adapted to specific circumstances and evolve in its functionality through supplementation with certain nutrients that can have a beneficial effect. This narrative review aims to carry out a situation analysis of the role that could be adopted by supplemental parenteral nutrition in attenuating alterations typical of end of life and potential improvement in quality of life.
Collapse
|
69
|
Chakraborty S, Verma A, Garg R, Singh J, Verma H. Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Mechanistic Insight. Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes 2023; 16:11795514231220780. [PMID: 38148756 PMCID: PMC10750528 DOI: 10.1177/11795514231220780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A complex metabolic condition referred to as Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and decreased insulin production. Obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and chronic inflammation are just a few of the cardiometabolic illnesses that people with T2DM are more likely to acquire and results in cardiovascular issues. It is essential to comprehend the mechanistic insights into these risk variables in order to prevent and manage cardiovascular problems in T2DM effectively. Impaired glycemic control leads to upregulation of De novo lipogenesis (DNL), promote hepatic triglyceride (TG) synthesis, worsening dyslipidemia that is accompanied by low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high amounts of small, dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) further developing atherosclerosis. By causing endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation, chronic hyperglycemia worsens already existing cardiometabolic risk factors. Vasoconstriction, inflammation, and platelet aggregation are caused by endothelial dysfunction, which is characterized by decreased nitric oxide production, increased release of vasoconstrictors, proinflammatory cytokines, and adhesion molecules. The loop of IR and endothelial dysfunction is sustained by chronic inflammation fueled by inflammatory mediators produced in adipose tissue. Infiltrating inflammatory cells exacerbate inflammation and the development of plaque in the artery wall. In addition, the combination of chronic inflammation, dyslipidemia, and IR contributes to the emergence of hypertension, a prevalent comorbidity in T2DM. The ability to target therapies and management techniques is made possible by improvements in our knowledge of these mechanistic insights. Aim of present review is to enhance our current understanding of the mechanistic insights into the cardiometabolic risk factors related to T2DM provides important details into the interaction of pathophysiological processes resulting in cardiovascular problems. Understanding these pathways will enable us to create efficient plans for the prevention, detection, and treatment of cardiovascular problems in T2DM patients, ultimately leading to better overall health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Chakraborty
- Overseas R & D Centre, Overseas HealthCare Pvt Ltd., Phillaur, Punjab, India
| | - Anjali Verma
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Rajeev Garg
- IKG Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, India
- Amar Shaheed Baba Ajit Singh Jujhar Singh Memorial College of Pharmacy, Bela, Ropar, Punjab, India
- Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmacy, Dalewal, Hoshiarpur, Punjab, India
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Hitesh Verma
- Overseas R & D Centre, Overseas HealthCare Pvt Ltd., Phillaur, Punjab, India
- IKG Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, India
- Amar Shaheed Baba Ajit Singh Jujhar Singh Memorial College of Pharmacy, Bela, Ropar, Punjab, India
- Biofern Life Sciences Pvt Ltd, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Sasso E, Baticic L, Sotosek V. Postprandial Dysmetabolism and Its Medical Implications. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2317. [PMID: 38137918 PMCID: PMC10744591 DOI: 10.3390/life13122317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
An unbalanced diet increases the risk of developing a variety of chronic diseases and cancers, leading to higher morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Low-grade systemic chronic inflammation mediated by the activation of the innate immune system is common to all these pathologies. Inflammation is a biological response of the body and a normal part of host defense to combat the effects of bacteria, viruses, toxins and macronutrients. However, when the innate immune system is constantly activated, it can promote the development of low-grade systemic chronic inflammation, which could play an important role in the development of chronic diseases and cancer. Since most chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with diet, a balanced healthy diet high in anti-inflammatory food components could prevent chronic diseases and cancer. The cells of the body's immune system produce chemokines and cytokines which can have pro-inflammatory and tumor-promoting as well as anti-inflammatory and tumor-fighting functions. A challenge in the future will be to assess whether polymorphisms in immune-related genes may play a role in promoting pro-inflammatory activity. Thanks to this duality, future research on immune regulation could focus on how innate immune cells can be modified to convert a pro-inflammatory and tumor-friendly microenvironment into an anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor one. This review describes inflammatory responses mediated by the innate immune system in various diseases such as hyperglycemia and/or hyperlipemia, obesity, type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Sasso
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Brace Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Lara Baticic
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Brace Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vlatka Sotosek
- Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimatology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Peres M, Costa HS, Silva MA, Albuquerque TG. The Health Effects of Low Glycemic Index and Low Glycemic Load Interventions on Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Literature Review of RCTs. Nutrients 2023; 15:5060. [PMID: 38140319 PMCID: PMC10746079 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Diets with a low glycemic index (GI) and a low glycemic load (GL) can improve glycemic control, blood lipids, blood pressure and BMI in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), but evidence regarding other aspects of cardiometabolic health is limited. We searched the literature for RCTs published from 2013 to 2023 and reviewed the evidence on low-GI/GL diets and their effects on different aspects of health in prediabetes and T2DM, aiming to build a report on all relevant outcomes included in the studies. We included 14 RCTs with 1055 participants, who were mostly middle-aged individuals with T2DM. Interventions were mostly low GI and lasted 1-36 months. Low-GI/GL foods and diets showed benefits in terms of short-term glycemic control, weight and adiposity. Longer-term trials would be necessary to determine whether these benefits persist over time and/or lead to lower CVD risk and mortality. Effects on lipid profile were inconsistent. Some studies also reported positive effects of low-GI/GL interventions on blood pressure, inflammatory biomarkers, renal function and gut microbiota composition. Future trials should focus on some of these novel outcome measures, which may provide important insights into the metabolic effects of low-GI diets on individuals with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Peres
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Food and Nutrition, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.P.); (M.A.S.); (T.G.A.)
| | - Helena S. Costa
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Food and Nutrition, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.P.); (M.A.S.); (T.G.A.)
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Oporto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Alexandra Silva
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Food and Nutrition, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.P.); (M.A.S.); (T.G.A.)
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Oporto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Tânia Gonçalves Albuquerque
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Food and Nutrition, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.P.); (M.A.S.); (T.G.A.)
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Oporto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Martemucci G, Fracchiolla G, Muraglia M, Tardugno R, Dibenedetto RS, D’Alessandro AG. Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review from the Oxidative Stress to the Management of Related Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2091. [PMID: 38136211 PMCID: PMC10740837 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a growing disorder affecting thousands of people worldwide, especially in industrialised countries, increasing mortality. Oxidative stress, hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, inflammation, dysbiosis, abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidaemia and hypertension are important factors linked to MS clusters of different pathologies, such as diabesity, cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders. All biochemical changes observed in MS, such as dysregulation in the glucose and lipid metabolism, immune response, endothelial cell function and intestinal microbiota, promote pathological bridges between metabolic syndrome, diabesity and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. This review aims to summarise metabolic syndrome's involvement in diabesity and highlight the link between MS and cardiovascular and neurological diseases. A better understanding of MS could promote a novel strategic approach to reduce MS comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Martemucci
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Fracchiolla
- Department of Pharmacy–Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (R.T.); (R.S.D.)
| | - Marilena Muraglia
- Department of Pharmacy–Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (R.T.); (R.S.D.)
| | - Roberta Tardugno
- Department of Pharmacy–Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (R.T.); (R.S.D.)
| | - Roberta Savina Dibenedetto
- Department of Pharmacy–Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (R.T.); (R.S.D.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
73
|
Liu Z, Peng Y, Li S, Lin Y, Huang Y, Chen W, Bao C, Zhou Z, Lin Z, Chen L. Increased circulating FGF21 level predicts the burden of metabolic demands and risk of vascular diseases in adults with type 2 diabetes. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:272. [PMID: 38057786 PMCID: PMC10702049 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01523-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and metabolic stress, involved in the stepwise development of cardiovascular complications. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a novel hepatokine involved in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, and has been linked to the prediction, treatment, and improvement of prognosis in multiple cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between FGF21 levels and vascular diseases (VDs) including carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) and hypertension (HP) in patients with T2DM. METHODS Baseline serum FGF21 was determined in a cross-sectional study of 701 patients with T2DM and 258 healthy control. RESULTS The morbidity of CAS was increased in T2DM patients with HP as compared with those without (p < 0.001). The average serum FGF21 level of healthy was [123.9 (67.2-219.3)]. Baseline FGF21 was significantly higher in those who developed CAS or HP than in those who did not [305.9 (177.2-508.4) vs. 197.2 (129.7-308.3) pg/mL, p < 0.001]. In addition, an elevated serum FGF21 was observed in T2DM patients with HP and CAS than that of T2DM patients with CAS or HP [550.5 (312.6-711.3) vs. 305.9 pg/mL, p < 0.001]. Serum FGF21 levels were positively correlated with body mass index and carotid intima media thicknes (p < 0.05), the association remained significant after adjusting for age and T2DM duration. Furthermore, the multinomial logistic regression showed that serum FGF21 was independently associated with CAS and HP in patients with T2DM after adjustment for demographic and traditional VDs risk factors (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Baseline FGF21 is elevated in VDs during diabetes, changes of serum FGF21 levels were appropriately matched to metabolic stress. FGF21can be used as an independent predictor for diagnosing VDs and predicting prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yue Peng
- Department of Cardiology, The 1st affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical Unversity, Wenzhou, China
| | - Supeng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yusheng Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The 1st affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical Unversity, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yunfeng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The 1st affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical Unversity, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenting Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The 3rd affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chunhua Bao
- Department of Endocrinology, The 3rd affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zengxian Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhuofeng Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
- Department of Cardiology, The 1st affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical Unversity, Wenzhou, China.
- Laboratory Animal Center of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Liangmiao Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The 3rd affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Arabshahi V, Amiri R, Ghalishourani SS, Hasaniani N, Nozarian S, Tavasolian R, Khiabani A, Rahimlou M. Association between dietary insulin index and load with cardiometabolic risk factors and risk of metabolic syndrome among the patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:141. [PMID: 38049837 PMCID: PMC10694962 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-023-00803-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to investigate the association between dietary insulin index (DII) and load (DIL) with cardiometabolic risk factors and the risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 500 T2DM patients. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and DII and DIL were calculated based on insulin response and energy content. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the odds ratios (ORs) for MetS. RESULTS Participants in the highest quartile of DIL had significantly higher odds of MetS (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.02-4.25, P = 0.039) and hyperglycemia (OR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.08-4.96, P = 0.032). We also discovered that patients in the highest quartile of DII had higher odds of MetS (OR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.08-4.96, P = 0.034) and hyperglycemia (OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.04-4.12, P = 0.019). Furthermore, participants in the highest quartile of DIL (OR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.00-2.59, P = 0.03) and DII (OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.05-1.95, P = 0.026) had higher odds of high waist circumference. When it came to hypertriglyceridemia, we found a significant association between DII and DIL only in the crude model, not the fully adjusted model. However, we didn't observe any significant association between DII and DIL with hypercholesteremia, Low HDL, and high blood pressure (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence suggesting that a higher DII and DIL may be associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic risk factors and MetS in patients with T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vajeheh Arabshahi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roksaneh Amiri
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Samira Sadat Ghalishourani
- Department of Physical education and sport science, science of research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazila Hasaniani
- Emam Reza Hospital affiliated with Social Security Organization, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shadi Nozarian
- Department of Nutrition, Ahvaz Jondishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ronia Tavasolian
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Azadi Square, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Alireza Khiabani
- School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Mehran Rahimlou
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Azadi Square, Zanjan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Lu Z, Mao T, Chen K, Chai L, Dai Y, Liu K. Ginsenoside Rc: A potential intervention agent for metabolic syndrome. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:1375-1387. [PMID: 38223453 PMCID: PMC10785250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rc, a dammarane-type tetracyclic triterpenoid saponin primarily derived from Panax ginseng, has garnered significant attention due to its diverse pharmacological properties. This review outlined the sources, putative biosynthetic pathways, extraction, and quantification techniques, as well as the pharmacokinetic properties of ginsenoside Rc. Furthermore, this study explored the pharmacological effects of ginsenoside Rc against metabolic syndrome (MetS) across various phenotypes including obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and osteoarthritis. It also highlighted the impact of ginsenoside Rc on multiple associated signaling molecules. In conclusion, the anti-MetS effect of ginsenoside Rc is characterized by its influence on multiple organs, multiple targets, and multiple ways. Although clinical investigations regarding the effects of ginsenoside Rc on MetS are limited, its proven safety and tolerability suggest its potential as an effective treatment option.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Tongyun Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Kaiqi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Longxin Chai
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yongguo Dai
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Liu C, Xu X, He X, Ren J, Chi M, Deng G, Li G, Nasser MI. Activation of the Nrf-2/HO-1 signalling axis can alleviate metabolic syndrome in cardiovascular disease. Ann Med 2023; 55:2284890. [PMID: 38039549 PMCID: PMC10836253 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2284890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is widely observed in modern society. CVDs are responsible for the majority of fatalities, with heart attacks and strokes accounting for approximately 80% of these cases. Furthermore, a significant proportion of these deaths, precisely one-third, occurs in individuals under 70. Metabolic syndrome encompasses a range of diseases characterized by various physiological dysfunctions. These include increased inflammation in adipose tissue, enhanced cholesterol synthesis in the liver, impaired insulin secretion, insulin resistance, compromised vascular tone and integrity, endothelial dysfunction, and atheroma formation. These factors contribute to the development of metabolic disorders and significantly increase the likelihood of experiencing cardiovascular complications.Method: We selected studies that proposed hypotheses regarding metabolic disease syndrome and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the role of Nrf2/HO-1 and factor regulation in CVD research investigations based on our searches of Medline and PubMed.Results: A total of 118 articles were included in the review, 16 of which exclusively addressed hypotheses about the role of Nrf2 on Glucose regulation, while 16 involved Cholesterol regulation. Likewise, 14 references were used to prove the importance of mitochondria on Nrf2. Multiple studies have provided evidence suggesting the involvement of Nrf2/HO-1 in various physiological processes, including metabolism and immune response. A total of 48 research articles and reviews have been used to highlight the role of metabolic syndrome and CVD.Conclusion: This review provides an overview of the literature on Nrf2/HO-1 and its role in metabolic disease syndrome and CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingli Xu
- Ultrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Biomechanics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing He
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Junyi Ren
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingxuan Chi
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Deng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guisen Li
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Moussa Ide Nasser
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Barbalho SM, Méndez-Sánchez N, Fornari Laurindo L. AdipoRon and ADP355, adiponectin receptor agonists, in Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH): A systematic review. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115871. [PMID: 37866803 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin replacement therapy holds the potential to benefit numerous human diseases, and ongoing research applies particular interest in how adiponectin acts against Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the pharmacological limitations of the intact protein have prompted a focus on alternative options, specifically peptidic and small molecule agonists targeting the adiponectin receptor. AdipoRon is an extensively researched non-peptidic drug candidate in adiponectin replacement therapy. In turn, ADP355 is an adiponectin-based active short peptide. They have garnered significant attention due to their potential as substitutes for adiponectin. Researchers have studied AdipoRon's and ADP355's efficacy and therapeutic applications in various disease conditions. However, the effects of AdipoRon and ADP355 against NAFLD and NASH models advanced more, and no systematic review explored this area before. This systematic review was conceived to address the deficiency mentioned above and consider the lack of clinical evidence. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were utilized. To assess the risk of bias in systematic review, The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist was employed. Results from pre-clinical evidence show that AdipoRon and ADP355 represent promising effects in NAFLD and NASH-related models, including reducing hepatic steatosis, modulating inflammation, improving insulin sensitivity, enhancing mitochondrial function, and protecting against liver fibrosis. While AdipoRon and ADP355 exhibit promise in pre-clinical studies and experimental models, additional clinical trials are necessary to assess their effectiveness, safety, and potential translational therapeutic potential uses in NAFLD and NASH human cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Nahum Méndez-Sánchez
- Liver Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico; Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Cho IY, Koo HY, Han K, Lee KN, Cho M, Jin SM, Cho YH, Lee JH, Park YJ, Shin DW. Metabolic syndrome and the risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm: A nationwide cohort study. Atherosclerosis 2023; 386:117329. [PMID: 37839934 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) remains unclear. We investigated the potential association between AAA and MetS and its components in a large population-based cohort. METHODS We used the Korean National Health Insurance Service database including 4,162,640 participants aged ≥50 years who received a routine health examination in 2009. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the association between MetS and its components (elevated waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides, and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C]) with AAA incidence, with adjustment for confounders. RESULTS During a median 9.4 years of follow-up, 18,160 participants developed incident AAA. MetS was associated with an increased risk of AAA compared to the non-MetS group (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34-1.43). Among the individual components, elevated waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, and reduced HDL-C were associated with increased AAA risk, while elevated glucose alone was associated with reduced AAA risk (aHR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.82-0.87). AAA risk also increased linearly with the increasing number of MetS components, with the highest risk found in the presence of all 5 components (aHR, 1.98, 95% CI, 1.83-2.15). CONCLUSIONS MetS and its individual components, with the exclusion of elevated glucose, were associated with higher risk of AAA. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the association between MetS and AAA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- In Young Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Family Medicine & Supportive Care Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Yeon Koo
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyu Na Lee
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mihee Cho
- Samsung C&T Medical Clinic, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Man Jin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yang Hyun Cho
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yang-Jin Park
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Wook Shin
- Department of Family Medicine & Supportive Care Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation/ Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Lu Y, Xia Z. Diminished ovarian reserve is associated with metabolic disturbances and hyperhomocysteinemia in women with infertility. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2023; 43:2282722. [PMID: 38010903 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2023.2282722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To distinguish the metabolic profile between women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) and those with normal ovarian reserve (NOR). METHODS In this retrospective study, we enrolled 524 women under the age of 40 who were experiencing infertility: 261 in the DOR group and 263 in the NOR group. Physical characteristics and metabolic parameters were compared between these two groups. RESULTS Women with DOR exhibited a higher propensity for elevated parameters including body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), as well as heightened serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, while concurrently experiencing reduced serum levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the incidence rates of TG ≥ 1.7 mmol/L, hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, SBP/DBP ≥ 130/85 mmHg, and metabolic syndrome (MS) were significantly elevated within the DOR group as compared to the NOR group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The prevalence of metabolic disturbances and HHcy were notably elevated in women with infertility and DOR compared to those with NOR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Lu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine of Shaoxing Women and Children's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Zhoulan Xia
- Center for Reproductive Medicine of Shaoxing Women and Children's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Monzani D, Liberale C, Segato E, De Cecco F, Arietti V, Palma S, Sacchetto L, Nocini R. The Role of Fibrinogen, Homocysteine and Metabolic Syndrome's Alterations in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSHL): A Narrative Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1977. [PMID: 38004026 PMCID: PMC10673203 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59111977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Fibrinogen and homocysteine (HCY) are molecules known to play a role in vascular homeostasis, and their blood levels are often elevated in patients with metabolic syndrome. Recent evidence suggests that sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) may have a vascular origin. This has led many authors to advocate that fibrinogen, homocysteine, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) may play a direct role in SSHL. The aim of this brief review is to examine the role and influence of these molecules and MetS on the mechanisms of SSHL. Elevated fibrinogen levels have been associated with a worse prognosis in SSHL, possibly due to increased blood viscosity and decreased blood flow. Similarly, HCY has been associated with vascular damage, particularly in hyperhomocysteinemia, although the exact association with SSHL remains controversial. MetS has been demonstrated to function both as a causative factor and as a contributor to poorer recovery in cases of SSHL. However, although some studies suggest a possible role for these biomarkers and MetS in the prognosis and treatment of SSHL, specific therapeutic and preventive strategies based solely on these factors have yet to be developed. Given their potential role in prognosis and treatment and the global epidemic of metabolic syndrome, this issue needs to be analyzed comprehensively. Thus, further quality studies need to be conducted, even though it is difficult to determine the actual impact of MetS on the development of SSHL, as it is a multifactorial disease affecting multiple organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Monzani
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Department, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (D.M.); (C.L.); (F.D.C.); (V.A.)
| | - Carlotta Liberale
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Department, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (D.M.); (C.L.); (F.D.C.); (V.A.)
| | - Erika Segato
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Department, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (D.M.); (C.L.); (F.D.C.); (V.A.)
| | - Francesca De Cecco
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Department, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (D.M.); (C.L.); (F.D.C.); (V.A.)
| | - Valerio Arietti
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Department, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (D.M.); (C.L.); (F.D.C.); (V.A.)
| | - Silvia Palma
- Otolaryngology and Audiology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy;
| | - Luca Sacchetto
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Department, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (D.M.); (C.L.); (F.D.C.); (V.A.)
| | - Riccardo Nocini
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Department, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (D.M.); (C.L.); (F.D.C.); (V.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Park SK, Kim MH, Jung JY, Oh CM, Ha E, Nam DJ, Yang EH, Hwang WY, Lee S, Ryoo JH. Changes in smoking status, amount of smoking and their relation to the risk of microvascular complications in men with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2023; 39:e3697. [PMID: 37653691 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is a definite risk factor for macrovascular complications in diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the effect of smoking on microvascular complications is inconclusive. METHOD Study participants were 26,673 diabetic men who received health check-up both in 2003-2004 and 2009, excluding women. Assessing smoking status (never, quitting and current) at 2003-2004 and 2009, changes in smoking status were categorised into 7 groups (never - never, never - quitting, never - current, quitting-quitting, quitting-current, current-quitting and current-current). Smoking amount was categorised into never, light (0-10 pack years), moderate (10-20 pack years), and heavy smoking (>20 pack years) based on 2009 data. They were followed-up until 2013 to identify incident microvascular complications. We calculated the adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) (adjusted HR [95% CI]) for incident microvascular complications according to changes in smoking status and smoking amount. RESULTS Current-quitting (1.271 [1.050-1.538]), current-current (1.243 [1.070-1.444]) and heavy smoking (1.238 [1.078-1.422]) were associated with an increased risk of overall microvascular complications. The risk of nephropathy increased in current-current smoking (1.429 [1.098-1.860]) and heavy smoking (1.357 [1.061-1.734]). An increased risk of neuropathy was observed in current-quitting smoking (1.360 [1.076-1.719]), current-current smoking (1.237 [1.025-1.492]) and heavy smoking (1.246 [1.048-1.481]). However, we couldn't see the interpretable findings for the association between smoking and retinopathy. CONCLUSIONS Lasting and heavy smoking increases the risk of microvascular complications, including nephropathy and neuropathy. Quitting smoking and reducing smoking amount are imperative in preventing microvascular complications in DM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Keun Park
- Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Ho Kim
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Informatization Department, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Young Jung
- Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Mo Oh
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunhee Ha
- Department of Occupational and Environment Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Jin Nam
- Departments of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Hye Yang
- Departments of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Yeon Hwang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangho Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Ryoo
- Departments of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Leontsinis I, Farmakis D, Avramidis D, Andrikou E, Valatsou A, Gartzonikas E, Doundoulakis I, Zarifis I, Karpouzis I, Kafkala K, Kouvelas N, Kourek C, Koufou E, Kochiadakis G, Kifnidis K, Liori S, Manolis G, Marketou M, Moschos N, Bampatsias D, Bibis G, Bonou M, Naka A, Davlouros P, Ntalakouras I, Papakonstantinou PΕ, Pappa E, Patsilinakos S, Plaitis A, Sideris A, Sideris S, Skoularigis J, Stamatelopoulos K, Stefanou G, Tziakas D, Chatzieleftheriou C, Chrysochoou C, Filippatos G, Tsioufis C. Cardiorenal multimorbidity in hospitalized cardiology patients: The Hellenic Cardiorenal Morbidity Snapshot (HECMOS) study. Hellenic J Cardiol 2023; 74:8-17. [PMID: 37146905 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiovascular disease is commonly accompanied by renal dysfunction. Multimorbidity in hospitalized patients impacts unfavorably on prognosis and hospital stay. We aimed to illustrate the contemporary burden of cardiorenal morbidity across inpatient cardiology care in Greece. METHODS The Hellenic Cardiorenal Morbidity Snapshot (HECMOS) used an electronic platform to collect demographic and clinically relevant information about all patients hospitalized on March 3, 2022, in Greece. The participating institutions covered all levels of inpatient cardiology care and most of the country's territories to collect a real-world, nation representative sample. RESULTS A total of 923 patients (men 68.4%, median age 73 ± 14.8 years) were admitted to 55 different cardiology departments. 57.7% of the participants were aged >70 years. Hypertension was highly prevalent and present in 66% of the cases. History of chronic HF, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, and chronic kidney disease was present in 38%, 31.8%, 30%, and 26%, respectively. Furthermore, 64.1% of the sample exhibited at least one of these 4 entities. Accordingly, a combination of ≥2 of these morbid conditions was recorded in 38.7%, of ≥3 in 18.2%, whereas 4.3% of the sample combined all 4 in their medical history. The most common combination was the coexistence of heart failure-atrial fibrillation accounting for 20.6% of the sample. Nine of 10 nonelectively admitted patients were hospitalized due to acute HF (39.9%), acute coronary syndrome (33.5%), or tachyarrhythmias (13.2%). CONCLUSION HECMOS participants carried a remarkable burden of cardio-reno-metabolic disease. HF in conjunction with atrial fibrillation was found to be the most prevalent combination among the studied cardiorenal nexus of morbidities in the whole study population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Leontsinis
- First Cardiology Department, School of Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Eirini Andrikou
- Cardiology Department, Konstantopoulio General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Angeliki Valatsou
- First Cardiology Department, School of Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Elias Gartzonikas
- University Cardiology Clinic, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ioannis Doundoulakis
- First Cardiology Department, School of Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Zarifis
- Cardiology Department, G. Papanicolaou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - Nikos Kouvelas
- Cardiology Dpt, 251 Hellenic Airforce General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Kourek
- Cardiology Dpt, 417 Veterans Army Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Koufou
- Cardiology Department, Patras University Hospital, Rio, Greece
| | - George Kochiadakis
- Department of Cardiology, Heraklion University Hospital, Iraklio, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Sotiria Liori
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - George Manolis
- Department of Cardiology, Hellenic Red Cross Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Marketou
- Department of Cardiology, Heraklion University Hospital, Iraklio, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Dimitrios Bampatsias
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - George Bibis
- Cardiology Dpt, General Hospital of Argos, Greece
| | - Maria Bonou
- Cardiology Department, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Naka
- University Cardiology Clinic, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Ioannis Ntalakouras
- Department of Cardiology, Heraklion University Hospital, Iraklio, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Evgenia Pappa
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital "G. Hatzikosta", Ioannina, Greece
| | | | | | - Antonios Sideris
- Second Cardiology Department, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Skevos Sideris
- Department of Cardiology, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - John Skoularigis
- Department of Cardiology, University General Hospital of Larissa, Greece
| | - Kimon Stamatelopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Dimitrios Tziakas
- Department of Cardiology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | | | - Christina Chrysochoou
- First Cardiology Department, School of Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Filippatos
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Costas Tsioufis
- First Cardiology Department, School of Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Miller M, Bhatt DL, Brinton EA, Jacobson TA, Steg PG, Pineda AL, Ketchum SB, Doyle RT, Tardif JC, Ballantyne CM. Effectiveness of icosapent ethyl on first and total cardiovascular events in patients with metabolic syndrome, but without diabetes: REDUCE-IT MetSyn. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL OPEN 2023; 3:oead114. [PMID: 38035037 PMCID: PMC10684296 DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oead114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Aims Metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) is associated with high risk of cardiovascular (CV) events, irrespective of statin therapy. In the overall REDUCE-IT study of statin-treated patients, icosapent ethyl (IPE) reduced the risk of the primary composite endpoint (CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, coronary revascularization, or unstable angina requiring hospitalization) and the key secondary composite endpoint (CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke). Methods and results REDUCE-IT was an international, double-blind trial that randomized 8179 high CV risk statin-treated patients with controlled LDL cholesterol and elevated triglycerides, to IPE 4 g/day or placebo. The current study evaluated the pre-specified patient subgroup with a history of MetSyn, but without diabetes at baseline. Among patients with MetSyn but without diabetes at baseline (n = 2866), the majority (99.8%) of this subgroup was secondary prevention patients. Icosapent ethyl use was associated with a 29% relative risk reduction for the first occurrence of the primary composite endpoint [hazard ratio: 0.71; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.59-0.84; P < 0.0001, absolute risk reduction (ARR) = 5.9%; number needed to treat = 17] and a 41% reduction in total (first plus subsequent) events [rate ratio: 0.59; (95% CI: 0.48-0.72); P < 0.0001] compared with placebo. The risk for the key secondary composite endpoint was reduced by 20% (P = 0.05) and a 27% reduction in fatal/non-fatal MI (P = 0.03), 47% reduction in urgent/emergent revascularization (P < 0.0001), and 58% reduction in hospitalization for unstable angina (P < 0.0001). Non-statistically significant reductions were observed in cardiac arrest (44%) and sudden cardiac death (34%). Conclusion In statin-treated patients with a history of MetSyn, IPE significantly reduced the risk of first and total CV events in REDUCE-IT. The large relative and ARRs observed supports IPE as a potential therapeutic consideration for patients with MetSyn at high CV risk. Registration REDUCE-IT ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT01492361.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Miller
- Department of Medicine, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Woodland Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4551, USA
| | - Deepak L Bhatt
- Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Terry A Jacobson
- Lipid Clinic and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Program, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Philippe Gabriel Steg
- Université de Paris, FACT (French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials), Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, INSERM Unité 1148, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Christie M Ballantyne
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Wang Z, Chen J, Zhu L, Jiao S, Chen Y, Sun Y. Metabolic disorders and risk of cardiovascular diseases: a two-sample mendelian randomization study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:529. [PMID: 37907844 PMCID: PMC10617200 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03567-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic disorders are increasing worldwide and are characterized by various risk factors such as abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, impaired glucose metabolism, and dyslipidemia. Observational studies suggested a bidirectional association between cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders and its components. However, the causal associations between them remained unclear. This study aims to investigate the causal relationship between metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. METHODS A two-sample MR analysis based on publicly available genome-wide association studies were used to infer the causality. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms with potential pleiotropy were excluded by MR-PRESSO. The effect estimates were constructed using the random-effects inverse-variance-weighted method as the primary estimate. Furthermore, MR-Egger and weighted median were also performed to detect heterogeneity and pleiotropy. RESULTS Genetically predicted metabolic disorders increased the risk for coronary heart disease (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.55-2.03, p < 0.001), myocardial infarction (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.52-2.03, p < 0.001), heart failure (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.14-1.39, p < 0.001), hypertension (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00-1.02, p = 0.002), and stroke (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.08-1.32, p < 0.001). The concordance of the results of various complementary sensitivity MR methods reinforces the causal relationship further. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence of a causal relationship between metabolic disorders and increased risk of coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure, hypertension, and stroke. Special attention should be paid to improving metabolic disorders to reduce the development of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Longyang Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Siqi Jiao
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yinong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yihong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No.2 East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Höpfinger A, Schmid A, Schweitzer L, Patz M, Weber A, Schäffler A, Karrasch T. Regulation of Cathelicidin Antimicrobial Peptide (CAMP) Gene Expression by TNFα and cfDNA in Adipocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15820. [PMID: 37958808 PMCID: PMC10649744 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the complex interactions between metabolism and the immune system ("metaflammation") is crucial for the identification of key immunomodulatory factors as potential therapeutic targets in obesity and in cardiovascular diseases. Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) is an important factor of innate immunity and is expressed in adipocytes. CAMP, therefore, might play a role as an adipokine in metaflammation and adipose inflammation. TNFα, cell-free nucleic acids (cfDNA), and toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 are components of the innate immune system and are functionally active in adipose tissue. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of TNFα and cfDNA on CAMP expression in adipocytes. Since cfDNA acts as a physiological TLR9 agonist, we additionally investigated TLR9-mediated CAMP regulation in adipocytes and adipose tissue. CAMP gene expression in murine 3T3-L1 and human SGBS adipocytes and in murine and human adipose tissues was quantified by real-time PCR. Adipocyte inflammation was induced in vitro by TNFα and cfDNA stimulation. Serum CAMP concentrations in TLR9 knockout (KO) and in wildtype mice were quantified by ELISA. In primary adipocytes of wildtype and TLR9 KO mice, CAMP gene expression was quantified by real-time PCR. CAMP gene expression was considerably increased in 3T3-L1 and SGBS adipocytes during differentiation. TNFα significantly induced CAMP gene expression in mature adipocytes, which was effectively antagonized by inhibition of PI3K signaling. Cell-free nucleic acids (cfDNA) significantly impaired CAMP gene expression, whereas synthetic agonistic and antagonistic TLR9 ligands had no effect. CAMP and TLR9 gene expression were correlated positively in murine and human subcutaneous but not in intra-abdominal/visceral adipose tissues. Male TLR9 knockout mice exhibited lower systemic CAMP concentrations than wildtype mice. CAMP gene expression levels in primary adipocytes did not significantly differ between wildtype and TLR9 KO mice. These findings suggest a regulatory role of inflammatory mediators, such as TNFα and cfDNA, in adipocytic CAMP expression as a novel putative molecular mechanism in adipose tissue innate immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Höpfinger
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany (A.S.); (T.K.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
86
|
Bellows AC, Raj S, Pitstick E, Potteiger MR, Diemont SAW. Foraging Wild Edibles: Dietary Diversity in Expanded Food Systems. Nutrients 2023; 15:4630. [PMID: 37960283 PMCID: PMC10647252 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human food foraging in community forests offers extensive and expandable sources of food and high-quality nutrition that support chronic disease prevention and management and are underrepresented in US diets. Despite severe gaps in non-commercial "wild food" data, research in Syracuse, NY, identified substantial amounts of five key antioxidant phytochemicals in locally available, forageable foods with the potential to augment local dietary diversity and quality. Findings endorse the need for micro- and macro-nutrient research on an expanded range of forageable foods, community nutrition education on those foods, an expanded study on antioxidant phytochemical function, and the inclusion of forageables in the food system definition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne C. Bellows
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, Falk College, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA; (S.R.); (E.P.)
| | - Sudha Raj
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, Falk College, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA; (S.R.); (E.P.)
| | - Ellen Pitstick
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, Falk College, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA; (S.R.); (E.P.)
| | - Matthew R. Potteiger
- Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA;
| | - Stewart A. W. Diemont
- Department of Environmental Biology, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Zhang JL, Yang R, Zhu Y, Shao Y, Ji Y, Wang FF. Association between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and risk of in-hospital heart failure and arrhythmia in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1275713. [PMID: 37928759 PMCID: PMC10623153 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1275713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study was to probe into the relationship between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and both in-hospital and long-term heart failure risk in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods 990 patients with AMI, including 386 with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and 604 with segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) were recruited between January 2019 and March 2022. The in-hospital acute heart failure (AHF) and arrhythmia events were recorded. Results The NLR was significantly greater in the AHF group in STEMI and NSTEMI patients, with a higher frequency of arrhythmia in comparison to the non-AHF group. A high NLR was related to a high level of myocardial injury markers, accompanied with more AHF and arrhythmia events. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that high NLR is independently linked with increased in-hospital AHF and arrhythmia risk. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses revealed that the prognostic value of NLR for in-hospital AHF was 0.704 in STEMI patients and 0.766 in NSTEMI patients. However, during a median follow-up of 28 months with 32 heart failure patients, there was no significant difference between the low NLR group (n = 18) and the high NLR group (n = 14). Further analysis showed that the two groups did not significantly differ in the occurrence of heart failure within 12 months of discharge. Conclusion Our results indicate that NLR is an independent risk factor of in-hospital AHF in AMI patients. However, NLR has no value in predicting long-term heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-li Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology Centre, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Pediatric Drug Development, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yan Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology Centre, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Fang-fang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Park H, Jeon H, Lee KJ, Kim CG, Shin D. Seaweed intake modulates the association between VIPR2 variants and the incidence of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Koreans. Food Funct 2023; 14:9446-9456. [PMID: 37807848 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02425c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Vasoactive intrinsic peptide receptor (VIPR2), a circadian gene, is involved in metabolic homeostasis and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Seaweeds contain polysaccharides that regulate metabolic homeostasis, possibly by altering the effects of VIPR2 variants. We examined the relationship between VIPR2 expression and the incidence of MetS based on seaweed consumption. This study included 4979 Koreans aged ≥40 years using data from the Ansan-Ansung cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. The total seaweeds included were laver, kelp, and sea mustard. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the interactions between the VIPR2 rs6950857 genotype associated with MetS incidence and seaweed intake after adjusting for covariates such as region. A total of 2134 patients with MetS were followed for an average of 8.9 years. In men with the GG genotype of rs6950857, the highest quintile of seaweed consumption was associated with a decreased incidence of MetS compared with that of the lowest quintile (hazard ratio, 0.78; 95% confidence interval, 0.62-0.98). We identified a unique association between the rs6950857 genotype, seaweed intake, and MetS. These findings highlight the importance of VIPR2 and the regulatory role of seaweed consumption in MetS incidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haeun Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyunyu Jeon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung Ju Lee
- Department of Women's Rehabilitation, National Rehabilitation Center, 58, Samgaksan-ro, Gangbuk-gu, Seoul 01022, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong-Gon Kim
- Ocean Climate Response & Ecosystem Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 385, Haeyang-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayeon Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Zhang K, Ma Y, Luo Y, Song Y, Xiong G, Ma Y, Sun X, Kan C. Metabolic diseases and healthy aging: identifying environmental and behavioral risk factors and promoting public health. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1253506. [PMID: 37900047 PMCID: PMC10603303 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1253506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a progressive and irreversible pathophysiological process that manifests as the decline in tissue and cellular functions, along with a significant increase in the risk of various aging-related diseases, including metabolic diseases. While advances in modern medicine have significantly promoted human health and extended human lifespan, metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes among the older adults pose a major challenge to global public health as societies age. Therefore, understanding the complex interaction between risk factors and metabolic diseases is crucial for promoting well-being and healthy aging. This review article explores the environmental and behavioral risk factors associated with metabolic diseases and their impact on healthy aging. The environment, including an obesogenic environment and exposure to environmental toxins, is strongly correlated with the rising prevalence of obesity and its comorbidities. Behavioral factors, such as diet, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and sleep patterns, significantly influence the risk of metabolic diseases throughout aging. Public health interventions targeting modifiable risk factors can effectively promote healthier lifestyles and prevent metabolic diseases. Collaboration between government agencies, healthcare providers and community organizations is essential for implementing these interventions and creating supportive environments that foster healthy aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yujie Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Youhong Luo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yixin Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Guoji Xiong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yanhui Ma
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chengxia Kan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
He Z, Luo J, Lv M, Li Q, Ke W, Niu X, Zhang Z. Characteristics and evaluation of atherosclerotic plaques: an overview of state-of-the-art techniques. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1159288. [PMID: 37900593 PMCID: PMC10603250 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1159288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an important cause of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Lipid infiltration, inflammation, and altered vascular stress are the critical mechanisms that cause atherosclerotic plaque formation. The hallmarks of the progression of atherosclerosis include plaque ulceration, rupture, neovascularization, and intraplaque hemorrhage, all of which are closely associated with the occurrence of CVD. Assessing the severity of atherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability is crucial for the prevention and treatment of CVD. Integrating imaging techniques for evaluating the characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques with computer simulations yields insights into plaque inflammation levels, spatial morphology, and intravascular stress distribution, resulting in a more realistic and accurate estimation of plaque state. Here, we review the characteristics and advancing techniques used to analyze intracranial and extracranial atherosclerotic plaques to provide a comprehensive understanding of atheroma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei He
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaying Luo
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengna Lv
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingwen Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Ke
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Niu
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Lv F, Cai X, Li Y, Zhang X, Zhou X, Han X, Ji L. Sensitivity to thyroid hormone and risk of components of metabolic syndrome in a Chinese euthyroid population. J Diabetes 2023; 15:900-910. [PMID: 37429739 PMCID: PMC10590679 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To evaluate the association of sensitivity to thyroid hormone with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in a Chinese euthyroid population. METHODS A total of 3573 participants from Pinggu Metabolic Disease Study were analyzed. Serum-free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyrotropin (TSH), total adipose tissue (TAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) area of abdominal, and lumbar skeletal muscle area (SMA) were measured. Central thyroid hormone resistance was calculated by the Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index (TFQI) and Chinese-referenced Parametric TFQI (PTFQI), Thyrotroph T4 Resistance Index (TT4RI) and TSH Index (TSHI). Peripheral thyroid hormone resistance was assessed by FT3/FT4 ratio. RESULTS Higher values of TSHI (odds ratio [OR] = 1.167, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.079-1.262, p < .001), TT4RI (OR = 1.115, 95% CI: 1.031-1.206, p = .006), TFQI (OR = 1.196, 95% CI: 1.106-1.294, p < .001), PTFQI (OR = 1.194, 95% CI: 1.104-1.292, p < .001), and lower values of FT3/FT4 ratio (OR = 0.914, 95% CI: 0.845-0.990, p = .026) were associated with MetS. Increased levels of TFQI and PTFQI were associated with abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension. Increased levels of TSHI and TT4RI were associated with hypertriglyceridemia, abdominal obesity, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Reduced levels of FT3/FT4 ratio were associated with hyperglycemia, hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia. The levels of TSHI, TFQI, and PTFQI were negatively related to SMA and positively related to VAT, SAT, and TAT (all p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Reduced thyroid hormone sensitivity was associated with MetS and its components. Impaired thyroid hormone sensitivity might affect the distribution of adipose tissue and muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Lv
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoling Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yufeng Li
- Department of EndocrinologyBeijing Pinggu HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xiuying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xianghai Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xueyao Han
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Linong Ji
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Zhang J, Lin C, Jin S, Wang H, Wang Y, Du X, Hutchinson MR, Zhao H, Fang L, Wang X. The pharmacology and therapeutic role of cannabidiol in diabetes. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2023; 3:20230047. [PMID: 37933286 PMCID: PMC10582612 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20230047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychotropic cannabinoid, has garnered substantial interest in drug development due to its broad pharmacological activity and multi-target effects. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that can damage multiple organs in the body, leading to the development of complications such as abnormal kidney function, vision loss, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease. CBD has demonstrated significant therapeutic potential in treating diabetes mellitus and its complications owing to its various pharmacological effects. This work summarizes the role of CBD in diabetes and its impact on complications such as cardiovascular dysfunction, nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Strategies for discovering molecular targets for CBD in the treatment of diabetes and its complications are also proposed. Moreover, ways to optimize the structure of CBD based on known targets to generate new CBD analogues are explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Department of GeriatricsThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunPeople's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Cong Lin
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Sha Jin
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunPeople's Republic of China
- School of Applied Chemistry and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Hongshuang Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yibo Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiubo Du
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and EcologyCollege of Life Sciences and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople's Republic of China
| | - Mark R. Hutchinson
- Discipline of PhysiologyAdelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideThe Commonwealth of AustraliaAdelaideAustralia
- ARC Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonicsUniversity of AdelaideThe Commonwealth of AustraliaAdelaideAustralia
| | - Huiying Zhao
- Department of GeriatricsThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Le Fang
- Department of NeurologyThe China‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunPeople's Republic of China
- School of Applied Chemistry and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiPeople's Republic of China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Shi C, Mammadova-Bach E, Li C, Liu D, Anders HJ. Pathophysiology and targeted treatment of cholesterol crystal embolism and the related thrombotic angiopathy. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23179. [PMID: 37676696 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301316r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol crystal (CC) embolism is a complication of advanced atherosclerotic plaques located in the major arteries. This pathological condition is primarily induced by interventional and surgical procedures or occurs spontaneously. CC can induce a wide range of tissue injuries including CC embolism syndrome, a spontaneous or intervention-induced complication of advanced atherosclerosis, while treatment of CC embolism has remained empiric. Vascular occlusions caused by CC embolism may exceed the ischemia tolerance of many tissues, particularly when small arteries are affected. The main approach to CC embolism is primary prophylaxis in patients at risk by stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques and avoiding unnecessary catheter interventions. During CC embolism, the use of platelet inhibitors to avoid abnormal activation and aggregation and anticoagulants may reduce the risk of vascular occlusions and tissue ischemia. This probably explains the relatively low prevalence of clinical manifestations of CC embolism, which are frequently found in autopsy studies. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on the pathophysiology of CC embolism syndrome deriving from clinical observations and experimental mouse models. Furthermore, we described the risk factors of CC embolism in humans as well as the experimental studies based on empiric treatments. We also discuss potential therapeutic interventions based on recent experimental data and emerging drug options evolving from other research domains. Given the substantial unmet medical need to improve the outcomes of CC embolism, the identification of effective treatment strategies is urgently needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chongxu Shi
- Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Elmina Mammadova-Bach
- Renal Division, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Cong Li
- Renal Division, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dong Liu
- Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Renal Division, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Ghalandari H, Askarpour M, Nouri M, Safarpour AR, Fattahi MR, Akbarzadeh M. Quality of diet and odds of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults: Baseline results from the PERSIAN Kavar cohort study (PKCS). Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:1760-1767. [PMID: 37414660 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diet quality has been associated with multiple chronic diseases. We aimed to investigate the association between the quality of diet and the odds of being diagnosed with MetS. METHODS AND RESULTS This study was conducted cross-sectionally on baseline data of 2225 individuals from the PERSIAN Kavar Cohort Study (PKCS). The quality of diet was measured based on the Diet Quality Index - International (DQI-I), using Food Frequency Questionnaires. The association between DQI-I and MetS and its components was measured via logistic regression models in crude and adjusted models. We did not observe any association between DQI-I and MetS in the overall population. However, after adjustment for potential confounders, we found that male participants with higher DQI-I scores had a lower risk of MetS [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 95% confidence interval CI) = 0.62 (0.42-0.93)]. Moreover, analogous trends were observed with respect to some components of MetS, including elevated triglyceride (TG) [crude OR (95% CI) = 0.89 (0.70-0.98); adjusted OR = 0.82 (0.65-0.93)], lowered high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) [crude OR (95% CI) = 0.79 (0.57-0.99); adjusted OR = 0.76 (0.55-0.97)], and abnormal glucose homeostasis [crude OR (95% CI) = 0.80 (0.55-0.94); adjusted OR = 0.73 (0.51-0.91)] only in male participants, both before and after adjustment for potential confounders. CONCLUSION In this study, we showed that higher adherence to a high-quality diet was associated with a lower chance of developing MetS in men. Biological gender might be responsible for the observed discrepancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Ghalandari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Moein Askarpour
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Safarpour
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Fattahi
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Marzieh Akbarzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Yu X, Sun F, Ming J, Liang S, Zhang W, Wang L, Li Q, Xu Q, Wang L, Shi L, Gao B, Ji Q. Serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio is a promising marker for identifying metabolic syndrome in nondiabetic Chinese men. Postgrad Med 2023; 135:741-749. [PMID: 37750609 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2023.2263372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the relationship between serum uric acid (UA) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (UHR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in nondiabetic individuals. METHODS A total of 15,760 nondiabetic participants were screened from the China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study. Pearson correlation was used to determine the correlation between the components of MetS and UHR, HDL-C, and UA. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the ability of UHR, HDL-C, and UA to identify MetS in the nondiabetic population. RESULTS A total of 6,386 men and 9,374 women were enrolled in this study. There were 1,480 (23.2%) men and 1,828 (19.5%) women with MetS. UHR significantly correlated with the components of MetS in men and women, especially with waist circumference and triglyceride. In men, although HDL-C showed a higher specificity index, UHR presented higher sensitivity index and area under the curve (AUC) than HDL-C (P = 0.0001) and UA (P < 0.0001), with AUC (95% CI) of 0.762 (0.752-0.773). Higher AUCs of UHR relative to HDL-C and UA were also observed in the age groups <40 and 40-59 years. There was no significant difference in AUC between UHR and HDL-C in the age group ≥60 years (P = 0.370). However, similar results were not observed in women. CONCLUSION UHR significantly correlated with the components of MetS and could serve as a novel and reliable marker for identifying the population at a high risk of MetS in nondiabetic men, especially in younger adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Ming
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shengru Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiaoyue Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Medical Service Training Base, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiuhe Ji
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Wang B, Zhang H, Sun Y, Tan X, Zhang J, Wang N, Lu Y. Association of sleep patterns and cardiovascular disease risk is modified by glucose tolerance status. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2023; 39:e3642. [PMID: 37009685 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate whether the association between sleep patterns and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk differs according to glucose tolerance status. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study included 358,805 participants initially free of CVD from the UK Biobank. We created a sleep score based on five sleep factors (sleep duration, chronotype, insomnia, snoring, and daytime sleepiness) with one point for each unhealthy factor. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the association between sleep and incident CVD, including coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, according to normal glucose tolerance (NGT), prediabetes, and diabetes. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 12.4 years, 29,663 incident CVD events were documented. There was a significant interaction between sleep score and glucose tolerance status on CVD (P for interaction = 0.002). Each 1 point increment in sleep score was associated with a 7% (95% confidence interval 6%-9%), 11% (8%-14%), and 13% (9%-17%) higher risk of CVD among participants with NGT, prediabetes, and diabetes, respectively. Similar interaction patterns were observed for CHD and stroke. Among the individual sleep factors, sleep duration and insomnia significantly interacted with glucose tolerance status on CVD outcomes (all P for interaction <0.05). All five unhealthy sleep factors accounted for 14.2% (8.7%-19.8%), 19.5% (7.4%-31.0%), and 25.1% (9.7%-39.3%) of incident CVD cases among participants with NGT, prediabetes, and diabetes, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The CVD risk associated with a poor sleep pattern was exacerbated across glucose intolerance status. Our findings emphasise the importance of integrating sleep management into a lifestyle modification programme, particularly in people with prediabetes or diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haojie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Tan
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jihui Zhang
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ningjian Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingli Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Liu Y, Zhou Y, Chu C, Jiang X. The role of macrophages in rosacea: implications for targeted therapies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1211953. [PMID: 37691916 PMCID: PMC10484341 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1211953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Rosacea, a widespread chronic skin condition, may be influenced by macrophages, key immune cells in the skin, although their exact role is not yet fully understood. This review delves into the function of macrophages, their potential contribution to rosacea pathogenesis, current treatments, and promising macrophage-targeted therapies. It concludes by identifying knowledge gaps and potential areas for future rosacea research. Method Leveraging systematic and narrative literature review techniques, we conducted a comprehensive search of databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Utilizing keywords like "rosacea" and "macrophages", we targeted English articles from the last 5 years (2018-2023). We manually checked reference lists of relevant articles for additional studies. We included only articles emphasizing macrophages' role in rosacea and/or the development of related therapies and published within the specified timeframe. Results The systematic search of electronic databases yielded a total of 4,263 articles. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 156 articles were selected for inclusion in this review. These articles included original research studies, review articles, and clinical trials that focused on the role of macrophages in rosacea and/or the development of macrophage-targeted therapies for the disease. The selected articles provided a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the current state of research on macrophages in rosacea, including their function in the skin, the potential mechanisms through which they may contribute to rosacea pathogenesis, and the current treatments and therapies available for the disease. Additionally, the articles identified gaps in knowledge regarding the role of macrophages in rosacea and suggested potential areas for future research. Conclusion This literature review emphasizes the important role that macrophages, vital immune cells in the skin, may play in the pathogenesis of rosacea, a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder. The selected studies suggest potential mechanisms by which these cells might contribute to rosacea progression, although these mechanisms are not yet fully understood. The studies also spotlight current rosacea treatments and illuminate the promising potential of new macrophage-focused therapies. Despite these insights, significant gaps persist in our understanding of the precise role of macrophages in rosacea. Future research in this area could provide further insights into the pathogenesis of rosacea and contribute to the development of more effective, targeted therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Medical Cosmetic Center, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yin Zhou
- Medical Cosmetic Center, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenyu Chu
- Medical Cosmetic Center, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xian Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Navalón-Monllor V, Soriano-Romaní L, Silva M, de Las Hazas MCL, Hernando-Quintana N, Suárez Diéguez T, Esteve PM, Nieto JA. Microbiota dysbiosis caused by dietetic patterns as a promoter of Alzheimer's disease through metabolic syndrome mechanisms. Food Funct 2023; 14:7317-7334. [PMID: 37470232 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01257c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic syndrome, consequences of a non-adequate diet, generate a feedback pathogenic state implicated in Alzheimer's disease development. The lower production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) under dysbiosis status leads to lipid homeostasis deregulation and decreases Angptl4 release and AMPK activation in the adipose tissue, promoting higher lipid storage (adipocyte hypertrophy) and cholesterol levels. Also, low SCFA generation reduces GPR41 and GPR43 receptor activation at the adipose tissue (increasing leptin release and leptin receptor resistance) and intestinal levels, reducing the release of GLP-1 and YPP. Therefore, lower satiety sensation and energy expenditure occur, promoting a weight gaining environment mediated by higher food intake and lipid storage, developing dyslipemia. In this context, higher glucose levels, together with higher free fatty acids in the bloodstream, promote glycolipotoxicity, provoking a reduction in insulin released, insulin receptor resistance, advanced glycation products (AGEs) and type 2 diabetes. Intestinal dysbiosis and low SCFAs reduce bacterial biodiversity, increasing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-producing bacteria and intestinal barrier permeability. Higher amounts of LPS pass to the bloodstream (endotoxemia), causing a low-grade chronic inflammatory state characterized by higher levels of leptin, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, together with a reduced release of adiponectin and IL-10. At the brain and neuronal levels, the generated insulin resistance, low-grade chronic inflammation, leptin resistance, AGE production and LPS increase directly impact the secretase enzymes and tau hyperphosphorylation, creating an enabling environment for β-amyloid senile plaque and tau tangled formations and, as a consequence, Alzheimer's initiation, development and maintenance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Navalón-Monllor
- Vithas Aguas Vivas Hospital, Carretera Alzira-Tavernes de Valldigna CV-50, Km 12, 46740, Carcaixent, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Soriano-Romaní
- Ainia Technological Centre, Calle Benjamin Franklin 5-11, Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, E46980, 15 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Mariana Silva
- Bioactivity and Nutritional Immunology Group (BIOINUT), Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Internacional de Valencia (VIU), Calle Pintor Sorolla 21, E46002, Valencia, Spain
| | - María-Carmen López de Las Hazas
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Alimentación, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Teodoro Suárez Diéguez
- Academic Area of Nutrition, Institute of Health Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Abasolo 600, Colonia Centro, Pachuca de Soto, E42000, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Pere Morell Esteve
- Bioactivity and Nutritional Immunology Group (BIOINUT), Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Internacional de Valencia (VIU), Calle Pintor Sorolla 21, E46002, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Nieto
- Ainia Technological Centre, Calle Benjamin Franklin 5-11, Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, E46980, 15 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
- Bioactivity and Nutritional Immunology Group (BIOINUT), Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Internacional de Valencia (VIU), Calle Pintor Sorolla 21, E46002, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this study was to highlight the current best practice for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk evaluation, including selective use of adjunctive tools for risk stratification [e.g. coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring] and risk enhancement [e.g. lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], polygenic risk scoring (PRS)]. RECENT FINDINGS New studies have evaluated the efficacy of various risk assessment tools. These studies demonstrate the role of Lp(a) as a risk-enhancing factor ready for more widespread use. CAC is the gold standard method of assessing subclinical atherosclerosis, enabling true risk stratification of patients, and informing net benefit assessment for initiating or titrating lipid-lowering therapy (LLT). SUMMARY Lp(a) concentration and CAC scoring, apart from the traditional risk factors, add the most value to the current CVD risk assessment approaches of all available tools, especially in terms of guiding LLT. In addition to new integrative tools such as the MESA CHD Risk Score and Coronary Age calculator, the future of risk assessment may include PRS and more advanced imaging techniques for atherosclerosis burden. Soon, polygenic risk scoring may be used to identify the age at which to begin CAC scoring, with CAC scores guiding preventive strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Erfan Tasdighi
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael J Blaha
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Holthaus TA, Sethi S, Cannavale CN, Aguiñaga S, Burd NA, Holscher HD, Khan NA. MIND dietary pattern adherence is inversely associated with visceral adiposity and features of metabolic syndrome. Nutr Res 2023; 116:69-79. [PMID: 37356349 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The effects of following the Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet on metabolic health remains understudied. This cross-sectional analysis of 163 adults investigated associations between adherence to the MIND, Mediterranean, DASH, and Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015) diets and metabolic syndrome (MetS) features and visceral adiposity. We hypothesized that the MIND diet would show the most beneficial associations with MetS risk factors. Diet adherence was assessed using the Dietary History Questionnaire II. Visceral adipose was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Waist circumference and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were obtained. Fasting blood triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose concentrations were determined. Stepwise regression analyses were applied. Waist circumference was inversely associated with DASH (β = -0.21, P < .01), HEI-2015 (β = -0.18, P = .01), and MIND (β = -0.19, P < .01). Triglycerides were inversely associated with DASH (β = -0.19, P = .01), HEI-2015 (β = -0.18, P = .02), and MIND (β = -0.23, P < .01). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol was positively associated with Mediterranean (β = 0.18, P = .02) and MIND (β = 0.21, P < .01). Systolic blood pressure was inversely associated with Mediterranean (β = -0.18, P = .02), DASH (β = -0.30, P < .01), HEI-2015 (β = -0.24, P < .01), and MIND (β = -0.25, P < .01). Diastolic blood pressure was inversely associated with Mediterranean (β = -0.26, P < .01), DASH (β = -0.34, P < .01), HEI-2015 (β = -0.24, P < .01), and MIND (β = -0.31, P < .01). Fasting glucose was inversely associated with MIND (β = -0.19, P = .02). Visceral adiposity was inversely associated with Mediterranean (β = -0.19, P < .01), DASH (β = -0.22, P < .01), HEI-2015 (β = -0.22, P < .01), and MIND (β = -0.28, P < .01). Although each diet exhibited potential benefits for metabolic outcomes, only greater MIND diet adherence was associated with lower visceral adiposity and each MetS feature in adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tori A Holthaus
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Shivani Sethi
- Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Corinne N Cannavale
- Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Susan Aguiñaga
- Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Nicholas A Burd
- Division of Nutritional Sciences; Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hannah D Holscher
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Naiman A Khan
- Neuroscience Program, Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| |
Collapse
|