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Yang G, Li L, Liu Y, Liang K, Wei L, Chen L. Hyperglycemia-Induced Dysregulated Fusion Intermediates in Insulin-Secreting Cells Visualized by Super-Resolution Microscopy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:650167. [PMID: 33937248 PMCID: PMC8083903 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.650167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired insulin release is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes and is closely related to chronically elevated glucose concentrations, known as “glucotoxicity.” However, the molecular mechanisms by which glucotoxicity impairs insulin secretion remain poorly understood. In addition to known kiss-and-run and kiss-and-stay fusion events in INS-1 cells, ultrafast Hessian structured illumination microscopy (Hessian SIM) enables full fusion to be categorized according to the newly identified structures, such as ring fusion (those with enlarged pores) or dot fusion (those without apparent pores). In addition, we identified four fusion intermediates during insulin exocytosis: initial pore opening, vesicle collapse, enlarged pore formation, and final pore dilation. Long-term incubation in supraphysiological doses of glucose reduced exocytosis in general and increased the occurrence of kiss-and-run events at the expense of reduced full fusion. In addition, hyperglycemia delayed pore opening, vesicle collapse, and enlarged pore formation in full fusion events. It also reduced the size of apparently enlarged pores, all of which contributed to the compromised insulin secretion. These phenotypes were mostly due to the hyperglycemia-induced reduction in syntaxin-1A (Stx-1A) and SNAP-25 protein, since they could be recapitulated by the knockdown of endogenous Stx-1A and SNAP-25. These findings suggest essential roles for the vesicle fusion type and intermediates in regulating insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells in normal and disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Liuju Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kuo Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lisi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Liangyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China.,PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.,Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing, China.,Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
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52
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Chronically Elevated Exogenous Glucose Elicits Antipodal Effects on the Proteome Signature of Differentiating Human iPSC-Derived Pancreatic Progenitors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073698. [PMID: 33918250 PMCID: PMC8038174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The past decade revealed that cell identity changes, such as dedifferentiation or transdifferentiation, accompany the insulin-producing β-cell decay in most diabetes conditions. Mapping and controlling the mechanisms governing these processes is, thus, extremely valuable for managing the disease progression. Extracellular glucose is known to influence cell identity by impacting the redox balance. Here, we use global proteomics and pathway analysis to map the response of differentiating human pancreatic progenitors to chronically increased in vitro glucose levels. We show that exogenous high glucose levels impact different protein subsets in a concentration-dependent manner. In contrast, regardless of concentration, glucose elicits an antipodal effect on the proteome landscape, inducing both beneficial and detrimental changes in regard to achieving the desired islet cell fingerprint. Furthermore, we identified that only a subgroup of these effects and pathways are regulated by changes in redox balance. Our study highlights a complex effect of exogenous glucose on differentiating pancreas progenitors characterized by a distinct proteome signature.
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Li B, Cheng Y, Yin Y, Xue J, Yu S, Gao J, Liu J, Zang L, Mu Y. Reversion of early- and late-stage β-cell dedifferentiation by human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells in type 2 diabetic mice. Cytotherapy 2021; 23:510-520. [PMID: 33736932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS The authors aimed to observe β-cell dedifferentiation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and investigate the reversal effect of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) on early- and late-stage β-cell dedifferentiation. METHODS In high-fat diet (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T2DM mice, the authors examined the predominant role of β-cell dedifferentiation over apoptosis in the development of T2DM and observed the reversion of β-cell dedifferentiation by UC-MSCs. Next, the authors used db/db mice to observe the progress of β-cell dedifferentiation from early to late stage, after which UC-MSC infusions of the same amount were performed in the early and late stages of dedifferentiation. Improvement in metabolic indices and restoration of β-cell dedifferentiation markers were examined. RESULTS In HFD/STZ-induced T2DM mice, the proportion of β-cell dedifferentiation was much greater than that of apoptosis, demonstrating that β-cell dedifferentiation was the predominant contributor to T2DM. UC-MSC infusions significantly improved glucose homeostasis and reversed β-cell dedifferentiation. In db/db mice, UC-MSC infusions in the early stage significantly improved glucose homeostasis and reversed β-cell dedifferentiation. In the late stage, UC-MSC infusions mildly improved glucose homeostasis and partially reversed β-cell dedifferentiation. Combining with other studies, the authors found that the reversal effect of UC-MSCs on β-cell dedifferentiation relied on the simultaneous relief of glucose and lipid metabolic disorders. CONCLUSIONS UC-MSC therapy is a promising strategy for reversing β-cell dedifferentiation in T2DM, and the reversal effect is greater in the early stage than in the late stage of β-cell dedifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Department of Endocrinology, First Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, First Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqi Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, First Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, First Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Songyan Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jieqing Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiejie Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Science, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Yiming Mu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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54
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Benito-Vicente A, Jebari-Benslaiman S, Galicia-Garcia U, Larrea-Sebal A, Uribe KB, Martin C. Molecular mechanisms of lipotoxicity-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 359:357-402. [PMID: 33832653 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2021.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D), a heterogeneous disorder derived from metabolic dysfunctions, leads to a glucose overflow in the circulation due to both defective insulin secretion and peripheral insulin resistance. One of the critical risk factor for T2D is obesity, which represents a global epidemic that has nearly tripled since 1975. Obesity is characterized by chronically elevated free fatty acid (FFA) levels, which cause deleterious effects on glucose homeostasis referred to as lipotoxicity. Here, we review the physiological FFA roles onto glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and the pathological ones affecting many steps of the mechanisms and modulation of GSIS. We also describe in vitro and in vivo experimental evidences addressing lipotoxicity in β-cells and the role of saturation and chain length of FFA on the potency of GSIS stimulation. The molecular mechanisms underpinning lipotoxic-β-cell dysfunction are also reviewed. Among them, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, impaired autophagy and β-cell dedifferentiation. Finally therapeutic strategies for the β-cells dysfunctions such as the use of metformin, glucagon-like peptide 1, thiazolidinediones, anti-inflammatory drugs, chemical chaperones and weight are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Benito-Vicente
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Biofisika Institute (University of Basque Country and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UPV/EHU, CSIC)), Leioa, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Shifa Jebari-Benslaiman
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Biofisika Institute (University of Basque Country and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UPV/EHU, CSIC)), Leioa, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Unai Galicia-Garcia
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Biofisika Institute (University of Basque Country and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UPV/EHU, CSIC)), Leioa, Spain; Department of Molecular Biophysics, Fundación Biofísica Bizkaia, Leioa, Spain
| | - Asier Larrea-Sebal
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Biofisika Institute (University of Basque Country and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UPV/EHU, CSIC)), Leioa, Spain; Department of Molecular Biophysics, Fundación Biofísica Bizkaia, Leioa, Spain
| | - Kepa B Uribe
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Cesar Martin
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Biofisika Institute (University of Basque Country and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (UPV/EHU, CSIC)), Leioa, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.
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55
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Carvalho MG, Silva KM, Aristizabal VHV, Ortiz PEO, Paranzini CS, Melchert A, Amaro JL, Souza FF. Effects of Obesity and Diabetes on Sperm Cell Proteomics in Rats. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:2628-2642. [PMID: 33705140 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c01044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Infertility caused by male factors is potentially associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity and/or diabetes. This experimental study was conducted in a male rodent model to assess the effects of different diseases on semen quality and sperm proteomics. Ten Wistar rats were used for each treatment. Rats were fed commercial food provided controllably to the control group and the diabetic group, and a hypercaloric diet supplemented with 5% sucrose in water was provided ad libitum to the obese group for 38 weeks. Diabetes was induced with 35 mg/kg streptozotocin. After euthanasia, testicles, spermatozoa, fat, and blood (serum) samples were collected. Spermatozoa were evaluated for quality and subjected to proteomics analyses. Histology and cytology of the testis, and serum leptin, adiponectin, interleukin 8 (IL-8), blood glucose, and testosterone levels, were also assessed. Body weight, retroperitoneal and testicular fat, and the Lee index were also measured. Obesity and diabetes were induced. The diabetic group showed noticeable changes in spermatogenesis and sperm quality. The mass spectrometry proteomics data have been deposited in Mendeley Data (doi: 10.17632/rfp7kfjcsd.5). Fifteen proteins varied in abundance between groups, especially proteins related to energy production and structural function of the spermatozoa, suggesting disturbances in energy production with a subsequent alteration in sperm motility in both groups, but with a compensatory response in the obese group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos G Carvalho
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"-UNESP, Rua Prof. Dr. Walter Maurício Correa, s/n, Rubião Junior, 18681-681 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kelry M Silva
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"-UNESP, Rua Prof. Dr. Walter Maurício Correa, s/n, Rubião Junior, 18681-681 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Viviana H V Aristizabal
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"-UNESP, Rua Prof. Dr. Walter Maurício Correa, s/n, Rubião Junior, 18681-681 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pablo E O Ortiz
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"-UNESP, Rua Prof. Dr. Walter Maurício Correa, s/n, Rubião Junior, 18681-681 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane S Paranzini
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"-UNESP, Rua Prof. Dr. Walter Maurício Correa, s/n, Rubião Junior, 18681-681 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.,Envol Biomedical, Immokalee, Florida 34143, United States
| | - Alessandra Melchert
- Department of Veterinary Clinical, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"-UNESP, 18618-681 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João L Amaro
- Department of Surgical Specialties and Anesthesiology, Urology, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University ̈Júlio de Mesquita Filho"-UNESP, 18618-687 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana F Souza
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"-UNESP, Rua Prof. Dr. Walter Maurício Correa, s/n, Rubião Junior, 18681-681 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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56
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Salazar-Petres ER, Sferruzzi-Perri AN. Pregnancy-induced changes in β-cell function: what are the key players? J Physiol 2021; 600:1089-1117. [PMID: 33704799 DOI: 10.1113/jp281082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal metabolic adaptations during pregnancy ensure appropriate nutrient supply to the developing fetus. This is facilitated by reductions in maternal peripheral insulin sensitivity, which enables glucose to be available in the maternal circulation for transfer to the fetus for growth. To balance this process and avoid excessive hyperglycaemia and glucose intolerance in the mother during pregnancy, maternal pancreatic β-cells undergo remarkable changes in their function including increasing their proliferation and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. In this review we examine how placental and maternal hormones work cooperatively to activate several signalling pathways, transcription factors and epigenetic regulators to drive adaptations in β-cell function during pregnancy. We also explore how adverse maternal environmental conditions, including malnutrition, obesity, circadian rhythm disruption and environmental pollutants, may impact the endocrine and molecular mechanisms controlling β-cell adaptations during pregnancy. The available data from human and experimental animal studies highlight the need to better understand how maternal β-cells integrate the various environmental, metabolic and endocrine cues and thereby determine appropriate β-cell adaptation during gestation. In doing so, these studies may identify targetable pathways that could be used to prevent not only the development of pregnancy complications like gestational diabetes that impact maternal and fetal wellbeing, but also more generally the pathogenesis of other metabolic conditions like type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Roberto Salazar-Petres
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Amanda Nancy Sferruzzi-Perri
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
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Emerging Roles of Metallothioneins in Beta Cell Pathophysiology: Beyond and Above Metal Homeostasis and Antioxidant Response. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10030176. [PMID: 33652748 PMCID: PMC7996892 DOI: 10.3390/biology10030176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Defective insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells is key for the development of type 2 diabetes but the precise mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Metallothioneins are metal binding proteins whose precise biological roles have not been fully characterized. Available evidence indicated that Metallothioneins are protective cellular effectors involved in heavy metal detoxification, metal ion homeostasis and antioxidant defense. This concept has however been challenged by emerging evidence in different medical research fields revealing novel negative roles of Metallothioneins, including in the context of diabetes. In this review, we gather and analyze the available knowledge regarding the complex roles of Metallothioneins in pancreatic beta cell biology and insulin secretion. We comprehensively analyze the evidence showing positive effects of Metallothioneins on beta cell function and survival as well as the emerging evidence revealing negative effects and discuss the possible underlying mechanisms. We expose in parallel findings from other medical research fields and underscore unsettled questions. Then, we propose some future research directions to improve knowledge in the field. Abstract Metallothioneins (MTs) are low molecular weight, cysteine-rich, metal-binding proteins whose precise biological roles have not been fully characterized. Existing evidence implicated MTs in heavy metal detoxification, metal ion homeostasis and antioxidant defense. MTs were thus categorized as protective effectors that contribute to cellular homeostasis and survival. This view has, however, been challenged by emerging evidence in different medical fields revealing novel pathophysiological roles of MTs, including inflammatory bowel disease, neurodegenerative disorders, carcinogenesis and diabetes. In the present focused review, we discuss the evidence for the role of MTs in pancreatic beta-cell biology and insulin secretion. We highlight the pattern of specific isoforms of MT gene expression in rodents and human beta-cells. We then discuss the mechanisms involved in the regulation of MTs in islets under physiological and pathological conditions, particularly type 2 diabetes, and analyze the evidence revealing adaptive and negative roles of MTs in beta-cells and the potential mechanisms involved. Finally, we underscore the unsettled questions in the field and propose some future research directions.
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Mir-Coll J, Moede T, Paschen M, Neelakandhan A, Valladolid-Acebes I, Leibiger B, Biernath A, Ämmälä C, Leibiger IB, Yesildag B, Berggren PO. Human Islet Microtissues as an In Vitro and an In Vivo Model System for Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1813. [PMID: 33670429 PMCID: PMC7918101 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of pancreatic β-cell function is a critical event in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. However, studies of its underlying mechanisms as well as the discovery of novel targets and therapies have been hindered due to limitations in available experimental models. In this study we exploited the stable viability and function of standardized human islet microtissues to develop a disease-relevant, scalable, and reproducible model of β-cell dysfunction by exposing them to long-term glucotoxicity and glucolipotoxicity. Moreover, by establishing a method for highly-efficient and homogeneous viral transduction, we were able to monitor the loss of functional β-cell mass in vivo by transplanting reporter human islet microtissues into the anterior chamber of the eye of immune-deficient mice exposed to a diabetogenic diet for 12 weeks. This newly developed in vitro model as well as the described in vivo methodology represent a new set of tools that will facilitate the study of β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes and would accelerate the discovery of novel therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Mir-Coll
- InSphero AG, Wagistrasse 27a, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; (J.M.-C.); (A.N.); (A.B.)
| | - Tilo Moede
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Sjukhuset L1:03, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden; (T.M.); (M.P.); (I.V.-A.); (I.B.L.)
| | - Meike Paschen
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Sjukhuset L1:03, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden; (T.M.); (M.P.); (I.V.-A.); (I.B.L.)
| | - Aparna Neelakandhan
- InSphero AG, Wagistrasse 27a, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; (J.M.-C.); (A.N.); (A.B.)
| | - Ismael Valladolid-Acebes
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Sjukhuset L1:03, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden; (T.M.); (M.P.); (I.V.-A.); (I.B.L.)
| | - Barbara Leibiger
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Sjukhuset L1:03, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden; (T.M.); (M.P.); (I.V.-A.); (I.B.L.)
| | - Adelinn Biernath
- InSphero AG, Wagistrasse 27a, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; (J.M.-C.); (A.N.); (A.B.)
| | - Carina Ämmälä
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, 43138 Mölndal, Sweden;
| | - Ingo B. Leibiger
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Sjukhuset L1:03, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden; (T.M.); (M.P.); (I.V.-A.); (I.B.L.)
| | - Burcak Yesildag
- InSphero AG, Wagistrasse 27a, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; (J.M.-C.); (A.N.); (A.B.)
| | - Per-Olof Berggren
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Sjukhuset L1:03, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden; (T.M.); (M.P.); (I.V.-A.); (I.B.L.)
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59
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Wilhelmi I, Grunwald S, Gimber N, Popp O, Dittmar G, Arumughan A, Wanker EE, Laeger T, Schmoranzer J, Daumke O, Schürmann A. The ARFRP1-dependent Golgi scaffolding protein GOPC is required for insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. Mol Metab 2020; 45:101151. [PMID: 33359402 PMCID: PMC7811047 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Hormone secretion from metabolically active tissues, such as pancreatic islets, is governed by specific and highly regulated signaling pathways. Defects in insulin secretion are among the major causes of diabetes. The molecular mechanisms underlying regulated insulin secretion are, however, not yet completely understood. In this work, we studied the role of the GTPase ARFRP1 on insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. Methods A β-cell-specific Arfrp1 knockout mouse was phenotypically characterized. Pulldown experiments and mass spectrometry analysis were employed to screen for new ARFRP1-interacting proteins. Co-immunoprecipitation assays as well as super-resolution microscopy were applied for validation. Results The GTPase ARFRP1 interacts with the Golgi-associated PDZ and coiled-coil motif-containing protein (GOPC). Both proteins are co-localized at the trans-Golgi network and regulate the first and second phase of insulin secretion by controlling the plasma membrane localization of the SNARE protein SNAP25. Downregulation of both GOPC and ARFRP1 in Min6 cells interferes with the plasma membrane localization of SNAP25 and enhances its degradation, thereby impairing glucose-stimulated insulin release from β-cells. In turn, overexpression of SNAP25 as well as GOPC restores insulin secretion in islets from β-cell-specific Arfrp1 knockout mice. Conclusion Our results identify a hitherto unrecognized pathway required for insulin secretion at the level of trans-Golgi sorting. β-cell specific deletion of the trans-Golgi residing small GTPase ARFRP1 leads to elevated blood glucose levels in mice. GOPC is a newly identified ARFRP1 dependent scaffolding protein. ARFRP1 and GOPC are required for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilka Wilhelmi
- German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE) Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) Munich Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Grunwald
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin, Germany; Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - Niclas Gimber
- Advanced Medical Bioimaging Core Facility - AMBIO, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Popp
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Dittmar
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin, Germany
| | - Anup Arumughan
- Neuroproteomics, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC) Berlin, Germany
| | - Erich E Wanker
- Neuroproteomics, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC) Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Laeger
- German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE) Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) Munich Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jan Schmoranzer
- Advanced Medical Bioimaging Core Facility - AMBIO, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Daumke
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin, Germany; Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Schürmann
- German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE) Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) Munich Neuherberg, Germany; University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Nuthetal, Germany; Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus - Senftenberg, the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and the University of Potsdam, Germany.
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60
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Marselli L, Piron A, Suleiman M, Colli ML, Yi X, Khamis A, Carrat GR, Rutter GA, Bugliani M, Giusti L, Ronci M, Ibberson M, Turatsinze JV, Boggi U, De Simone P, De Tata V, Lopes M, Nasteska D, De Luca C, Tesi M, Bosi E, Singh P, Campani D, Schulte AM, Solimena M, Hecht P, Rady B, Bakaj I, Pocai A, Norquay L, Thorens B, Canouil M, Froguel P, Eizirik DL, Cnop M, Marchetti P. Persistent or Transient Human β Cell Dysfunction Induced by Metabolic Stress: Specific Signatures and Shared Gene Expression with Type 2 Diabetes. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108466. [PMID: 33264613 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β cell failure is key to type 2 diabetes (T2D) onset and progression. Here, we assess whether human β cell dysfunction induced by metabolic stress is reversible, evaluate the molecular pathways underlying persistent or transient damage, and explore the relationships with T2D islet traits. Twenty-six islet preparations are exposed to several lipotoxic/glucotoxic conditions, some of which impair insulin release, depending on stressor type, concentration, and combination. The reversal of dysfunction occurs after washout for some, although not all, of the lipoglucotoxic insults. Islet transcriptomes assessed by RNA sequencing and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis identify specific pathways underlying β cell failure and recovery. Comparison of a large number of human T2D islet transcriptomes with those of persistent or reversible β cell lipoglucotoxicity show shared gene expression signatures. The identification of mechanisms associated with human β cell dysfunction and recovery and their overlap with T2D islet traits provide insights into T2D pathogenesis, fostering the development of improved β cell-targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and AOUP Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy.
| | - Anthony Piron
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Mara Suleiman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and AOUP Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Maikel L Colli
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Xiaoyan Yi
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Amna Khamis
- INSERM UMR 1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille 59000, France
| | - Gaelle R Carrat
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Imperial College, London, UK; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and AOUP Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Laura Giusti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and AOUP Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy; School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ronci
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Centre for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mark Ibberson
- Vital-IT Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | | | - Ugo Boggi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy; Division of General and Transplant Surgery, Cisanello University Hospital, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Paolo De Simone
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy; Division of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Cisanello University Hospital, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Tata
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Miguel Lopes
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Daniela Nasteska
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Carmela De Luca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and AOUP Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Marta Tesi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and AOUP Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Emanuele Bosi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and AOUP Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Pratibha Singh
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Daniela Campani
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and the Critical Areas, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Anke M Schulte
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Diabetes Research, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michele Solimena
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Peter Hecht
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Diabetes Research, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Bernard Thorens
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- INSERM UMR 1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille 59000, France
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium; WELBIO, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Division of Endocrinology, ULB Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Miriam Cnop
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1070, Belgium; Division of Endocrinology, ULB Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and AOUP Cisanello University Hospital, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy.
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Tao Y, Chan HF, Shi B, Li M, Leong KW. Light: A Magical Tool for Controlled Drug Delivery. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:2005029. [PMID: 34483808 PMCID: PMC8415493 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202005029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Light is a particularly appealing tool for on-demand drug delivery due to its noninvasive nature, ease of application and exquisite temporal and spatial control. Great progress has been achieved in the development of novel light-driven drug delivery strategies with both breadth and depth. Light-controlled drug delivery platforms can be generally categorized into three groups: photochemical, photothermal, and photoisomerization-mediated therapies. Various advanced materials, such as metal nanoparticles, metal sulfides and oxides, metal-organic frameworks, carbon nanomaterials, upconversion nanoparticles, semiconductor nanoparticles, stimuli-responsive micelles, polymer- and liposome-based nanoparticles have been applied for light-stimulated drug delivery. In view of the increasing interest in on-demand targeted drug delivery, we review the development of light-responsive systems with a focus on recent advances, key limitations, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tao
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hon Fai Chan
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bingyang Shi
- International Joint Center for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Mingqiang Li
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Kam W Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Elumalai S, Karunakaran U, Moon JS, Won KC. High glucose-induced PRDX3 acetylation contributes to glucotoxicity in pancreatic β-cells: Prevention by Teneligliptin. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 160:618-629. [PMID: 32763411 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycemia has deleterious effects on pancreatic β-cell function and survival in type 2 diabetes (T2D) due to the low expression level of endogenous antioxidants in the β-cells. Peroxiredoxin-3 (PRDX3) is a mitochondria specific H202 scavenger and protects the cell from mitochondrial damage. However, nothing is known about how glucotoxicity influences PRDX3 function in the pancreatic beta cells. Exposure of rat insulinoma INS-1 cells and human beta cells (1.1B4) to high glucose conditions (30mM) stimulated acetylation of PRDX3 which facilitates its hyper-oxidation causing mitochondrial dysfunction by SIRT1 degradation. SIRT1 deficiency induces beta cell apoptosis via NOX-JNK-p66Shc signalosome activation. Herein we investigated the direct effect of Teneligliptin, a newer DPP-4 inhibitor on beta-cell function and survival in response to high glucose conditions. Teneligliptin treatment enhances SIRT1 protein levels and activity by USP22, an ubiquitin specific peptidase. Activated SIRT1 prevents high glucose-induced PRDX3 acetylation by SIRT3 resulted in inhibition of PRDX3 hyper-oxidation thereby strengthening the mitochondrial antioxidant defense. Notably, we identify PRDX3 as a novel SIRT3 target and show their physical interaction. Intriguingly, inhibition of SIRT1 activity by EX-527 or SIRT1 siRNA knockdown exacerbated the SIRT3 mediated PRDX3 deacetylation which leads to peroxiredoxin-3 hyper-oxidation and beta-cell apoptosis by the activation of NOX-JNK-p66Shc signalosome. Collectively, our results unveil a novel and first direct effect of high glucose on PRDX3 acetylation on beta-cell dysfunction by impaired antioxidant defense and SIRT1 mediated SIRT3-PRDX3 activation by Teneligliptin suppresses high glucose-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suma Elumalai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Udayakumar Karunakaran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Sung Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Chang Won
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Martín-Peláez S, Fito M, Castaner O. Mediterranean Diet Effects on Type 2 Diabetes Prevention, Disease Progression, and Related Mechanisms. A Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082236. [PMID: 32726990 PMCID: PMC7468821 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for a quality diet has grown over the past decade. Diet is considered one of the pillars for the prevention and progression of several diseases, among them: diabetes. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an epidemic of western countries that increases the vulnerability of other diseases, such as cardiovascular and cancer. T2D is associated with lifestyle and diet. The traditional Mediterranean diet has proven its benefits over several cardiovascular risk factors, and specifically on diabetes. This review compiles recent published evidence on the effects of the Mediterranean diet on the incidence and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its relation with several other cardiovascular healthy diets. We will also focus on how the Mediterranean diet could play a role in T2D-related mechanisms, such as anti-inflammatory or antioxidant compounds, glucagon-like peptide agonist compounds, and changes in gut microbiota. Each component of the Mediterranean diet could be involved in processes related to diabetes homeostasis, many of them sharing common physio-pathological pathways. The importance of this diet within the set of habits of a healthy lifestyle must be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Martín-Peláez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Montse Fito
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute [IMIM], 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición [CIBERObn], Instituto de Salud Carlos III [ISCIII], 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Castaner
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute [IMIM], 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición [CIBERObn], Instituto de Salud Carlos III [ISCIII], 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-933-160-720; Fax: +34-933-160-796
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Ferri G, Tesi M, Massarelli F, Marselli L, Marchetti P, Cardarelli F. Metabolic response of Insulinoma 1E cells to glucose stimulation studied by fluorescence lifetime imaging. FASEB Bioadv 2020; 2:409-418. [PMID: 32676581 PMCID: PMC7354695 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2020-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A cascade of highly regulated biochemical processes connects glucose stimulation to insulin secretion in specialized cells of mammalian pancreas, the β-cells. Given the importance of this process for systemic glucose homeostasis, noninvasive and fast strategies capable to monitor the response to glucose in living cells are highly desirable. Here, we use the phasor-based approach to Fluorescence Lifetime IMaging (FLIM) microscopy to quantify the ratio between protein-bound and free Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) species in their reduced form (NAD(P)H), and the Insulinoma cell line INS-1E as a β-like cellular model. Phasor-FLIM analysis shows that the bound/free ratio of NAD(P)H species increases upon pulsed glucose stimulation. Such response is impaired by 48-hours preincubation of cells under hyperglycemic conditions. Phasor-FLIM concomitantly monitors the appearance of long-lifetime species (LLS) as characteristic products of hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Tesi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineIslet Cell LaboratoryUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | | | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineIslet Cell LaboratoryUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineIslet Cell LaboratoryUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
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65
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Castex F, Leroy J, Broca C, Mezghenna K, Duranton F, Lavallard V, Lebreton F, Gross R, Wojtusciszyn A, Lajoix AD. Differential sensitivity of human islets from obese versus lean donors to chronic high glucose or palmitate. J Diabetes 2020; 12:532-541. [PMID: 32090456 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the shortage of multi-organ donors, human pancreatic islet transplantation has now been extended to islets originating from obese subjects. In this study, our aim is to compare the respective sensitivity of human islets from lean vs obese donors to chronic high glucose or high palmitate. METHODS Human islets were isolated from pancreases harvested from brain-dead multi-organ donors. Islets were cultured during 72 hours in the presence of moderate (16.7 mmol/L) or high (28 mmoL/L) glucose concentrations, or glucose (5.6 mmoL/L) and palmitate (0.4 mmoL/L), before measurement of their response to glucose. RESULTS We first observed a greater insulin response in islets from obese donors under both basal and high-glucose conditions, confirming their hyperresponsiveness to glucose. When islets from obese donors were cultured in the presence of moderate or high glucose concentrations, insulin response to glucose remained unchanged or was slightly reduced, as opposed to that observed in lean subjects. Moreover, culturing islets from obese donors with high palmitate also induced less reduction in insulin response to glucose than in lean subjects. This partial protection of obese islets is associated with less induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase in islets, together with a greater expression of the transcription factor forkhead box O1 (FOXO1). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that in addition to an increased sensitivity to glucose, islets from obese subjects can be considered as more resistant to glucose and fatty acid excursions and are thus valuable candidates for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Françoise Castex
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jeremy Leroy
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Broca
- Laboratory of Cell Therapy for Diabetes, Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Biotherapy (IRMB), University Montpellier, INSERM, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Karima Mezghenna
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Flore Duranton
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- RD Néphrologie, Montpellier, France
| | - Vanessa Lavallard
- Department of Surgery, Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland
| | | | - René Gross
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Wojtusciszyn
- Laboratory of Cell Therapy for Diabetes, Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Biotherapy (IRMB), University Montpellier, INSERM, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Dominique Lajoix
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Brun T, Jiménez-Sánchez C, Madsen JGS, Hadadi N, Duhamel D, Bartley C, Oberhauser L, Trajkovski M, Mandrup S, Maechler P. AMPK Profiling in Rodent and Human Pancreatic Beta-Cells under Nutrient-Rich Metabolic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113982. [PMID: 32492936 PMCID: PMC7312098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure of pancreatic β-cells to elevated nutrient levels impairs their function and potentially induces apoptosis. Like in other cell types, AMPK is activated in β-cells under conditions of nutrient deprivation, while little is known on AMPK responses to metabolic stresses. Here, we first reviewed recent studies on the role of AMPK activation in β-cells. Then, we investigated the expression profile of AMPK pathways in β-cells following metabolic stresses. INS-1E β-cells and human islets were exposed for 3 days to glucose (5.5–25 mM), palmitate or oleate (0.4 mM), and fructose (5.5 mM). Following these treatments, we analyzed transcript levels of INS-1E β-cells by qRT-PCR and of human islets by RNA-Seq; with a special focus on AMPK-associated genes, such as the AMPK catalytic subunits α1 (Prkaa1) and α2 (Prkaa2). AMPKα and pAMPKα were also evaluated at the protein level by immunoblotting. Chronic exposure to the different metabolic stresses, known to alter glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, did not change AMPK expression, either in insulinoma cells or in human islets. Expression profile of the six AMPK subunits was marginally modified by the different diabetogenic conditions. However, the expression of some upstream kinases and downstream AMPK targets, including K-ATP channel subunits, exhibited stress-specific signatures. Interestingly, at the protein level, chronic fructose treatment favored fasting-like phenotype in human islets, as witnessed by AMPK activation. Collectively, previously published and present data indicate that, in the β-cell, AMPK activation might be implicated in the pre-diabetic state, potentially as a protective mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Brun
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (T.B.); (C.J.-S.); (N.H.); (D.D.); (C.B.); (L.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Cecilia Jiménez-Sánchez
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (T.B.); (C.J.-S.); (N.H.); (D.D.); (C.B.); (L.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Jesper Grud Skat Madsen
- Functional Genomics and Metabolism Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark; (J.G.S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Noushin Hadadi
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (T.B.); (C.J.-S.); (N.H.); (D.D.); (C.B.); (L.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Dominique Duhamel
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (T.B.); (C.J.-S.); (N.H.); (D.D.); (C.B.); (L.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Clarissa Bartley
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (T.B.); (C.J.-S.); (N.H.); (D.D.); (C.B.); (L.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Lucie Oberhauser
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (T.B.); (C.J.-S.); (N.H.); (D.D.); (C.B.); (L.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Mirko Trajkovski
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (T.B.); (C.J.-S.); (N.H.); (D.D.); (C.B.); (L.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Susanne Mandrup
- Functional Genomics and Metabolism Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark; (J.G.S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Pierre Maechler
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism & Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (T.B.); (C.J.-S.); (N.H.); (D.D.); (C.B.); (L.O.); (M.T.)
- Correspondence:
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67
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Fu A, Alvarez-Perez JC, Avizonis D, Kin T, Ficarro SB, Choi DW, Karakose E, Badur MG, Evans L, Rosselot C, Bridon G, Bird GH, Seo HS, Dhe-Paganon S, Kamphorst JJ, Stewart AF, James Shapiro AM, Marto JA, Walensky LD, Jones RG, Garcia-Ocana A, Danial NN. Glucose-dependent partitioning of arginine to the urea cycle protects β-cells from inflammation. Nat Metab 2020; 2:432-446. [PMID: 32694660 PMCID: PMC7568475 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-0199-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is linked to diverse disease processes, but the intrinsic mechanisms that determine cellular sensitivity to inflammation are incompletely understood. Here, we show the contribution of glucose metabolism to inflammation-induced changes in the survival of pancreatic islet β-cells. Using metabolomic, biochemical and functional analyses, we investigate the protective versus non-protective effects of glucose in the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines. When protective, glucose metabolism augments anaplerotic input into the TCA cycle via pyruvate carboxylase (PC) activity, leading to increased aspartate levels. This metabolic mechanism supports the argininosuccinate shunt, which fuels ureagenesis from arginine and conversely diminishes arginine utilization for production of nitric oxide (NO), a chief mediator of inflammatory cytotoxicity. Activation of the PC-urea cycle axis is sufficient to suppress NO synthesis and shield cells from death in the context of inflammation and other stress paradigms. Overall, these studies uncover a previously unappreciated link between glucose metabolism and arginine-utilizing pathways via PC-directed ureagenesis as a protective mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Accalia Fu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Alvarez-Perez
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daina Avizonis
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Center Metabolomics Core, Montreal, Canada
| | - Tatsuya Kin
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Scott B Ficarro
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dong Wook Choi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Esra Karakose
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Lindsay Evans
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carolina Rosselot
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gaelle Bridon
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Center Metabolomics Core, Montreal, Canada
| | - Gregory H Bird
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Linde Program in Cancer Chemical Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hyuk-Soo Seo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sirano Dhe-Paganon
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Andrew F Stewart
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - A M James Shapiro
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jarrod A Marto
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Blais Proteomics Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Loren D Walensky
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Linde Program in Cancer Chemical Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Russell G Jones
- Metabolic and Nutritional Programming, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Adolfo Garcia-Ocana
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nika N Danial
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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68
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Liu C, Cao B, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Chen X, Kong X, Dong Y. Inhibition of thioredoxin 2 by intracellular methylglyoxal accumulation leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in INS-1 cells. Endocrine 2020; 68:103-115. [PMID: 31939094 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02191-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role of thioredoxin 2 (Trx2) inhibition induced by intracellular methylglyoxal (MGO) in pancreatic beta-cell mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. METHODS Rat pancreatic beta-cell line INS-1 cells were treated with Glo1 siRNAs or exogenous MGO to increase intracellular MGO. AGEs formation was detected by ELISA and mitochondrial ROS was detected by probe MitoSOX. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis and ATP content were measured to evaluate mitochondrial function. Trx2 expression was manipulated by overexpression with recombinant Trx2 lentivirus or knockdown with Trx2 siRNAs, and effects on apoptosis and insulin secretion were measured by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS The increase of intracellular MGO by Glo1 blockage or MGO treatment led to advanced glycation end products (AGEs) overproduction, mitochondrial ROS increase, and insulin secretion paralysis. These were probably due to MGO-induced inhibition of mitochondrial Trx2. Trx2 inhibition by blockage of either Glo1 or Trx2 impaired mitochondrial integrity, inhibited cytochrome C oxidases subunit 1 and 4 (Cox1 and Cox4) expression and further reduced ATP generation, and all of these might lead to insulin paralysis; whereas Trx2 overexpression partially reversed MGO-induced oxidative stress, attenuated insulin secretion by preventing mitochondrial damage. Trx2 overexpression also retarded MGO-induced apoptosis of INS-1 cell through inhibiting ASK1 activation and downregulation of the ASK1-p38 MAPK pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal a possible mechanism for beta-cell oxidative damage upon intracellular MGO-induced Trx2 inactivation and mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongxiao Liu
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Baige Cao
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qianren Zhang
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xueru Chen
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiang Kong
- Department of Endocrinology, Yijishan Hospital Affiliated Wannan Medical College, Anhui, 241000, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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69
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Acute glucose load induced islet β cells dysfunction in TLR4 dependent manner in male mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:205-210. [PMID: 31983426 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies highlighted the significance of chronic inflammation, which is mediated in part by toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4), in islet β cell dysfunction by high-glucose exposure. However, about it is unclear whether islet β cell dysfunction in response to high glucose is associated with TLR4. This investigation was designed to address the effect of TLR4 deficiency on insulin secretion in mice in response to acute intravenous glucose load. Hyperglycemic clamp was used to impair insulin secretion, and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test was carried out to analyze insulin secretion function of islet β cells. Our results showed that TLR4 deficiency repressed insulin secretion impairment in response to acute intravenous glucose load. Compared to wild-type mice, TLR4-/- mice did not exhibit increase of IL-1β and TNF-α level in plasma and pancreatic tissue in response to acute intravenous load of high glucose. However, recombinant IL-1β or TNF-α administration restored insulin secretion impairment induced by high glucose in TLR4-/- mice. Taken together, our results demonstrated that TLR4 activation and subsequent IL-1β and TNF-α production contribute to islet β cell dysfunction in mice in response to acute intravenous load of high glucose, which may provide a theoretical basis for diabetes complication improvement by physical exercise.
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70
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Prentki M, Peyot ML, Masiello P, Madiraju SRM. Nutrient-Induced Metabolic Stress, Adaptation, Detoxification, and Toxicity in the Pancreatic β-Cell. Diabetes 2020; 69:279-290. [PMID: 32079704 DOI: 10.2337/dbi19-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Paraphrasing the Swiss physician and father of toxicology Paracelsus (1493-1541) on chemical agents used as therapeutics, "the dose makes the poison," it is now realized that this aptly applies to the calorigenic nutrients. The case here is the pancreatic islet β-cell presented with excessive levels of nutrients such as glucose, lipids, and amino acids. The short-term effects these nutrients exert on the β-cell are enhanced insulin biosynthesis and secretion and changes in glucose sensitivity. However, chronic fuel surfeit triggers additional compensatory and adaptive mechanisms by β-cells to cope with the increased insulin demand or to protect itself. When these mechanisms fail, toxicity due to the nutrient surplus ensues, leading to β-cell dysfunction, dedifferentiation, and apoptosis. The terms glucotoxicity, lipotoxicity, and glucolipotoxicity have been widely used, but there is some confusion as to what they mean precisely and which is most appropriate for a given situation. Here we address the gluco-, lipo-, and glucolipo-toxicities in β-cells by assessing the evidence both for and against each of them. We also discuss potential mechanisms and defend the view that many of the identified "toxic" effects of nutrient excess, which may also include amino acids, are in fact beneficial adaptive processes. In addition, candidate fuel-excess detoxification pathways are evaluated. Finally, we propose that a more general term should be used for the in vivo situation of overweight-associated type 2 diabetes reflecting both the adaptive and toxic processes to mixed calorigenic nutrients excess: "nutrient-induced metabolic stress" or, in brief, "nutri-stress."
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Prentki
- Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Line Peyot
- Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pellegrino Masiello
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - S R Murthy Madiraju
- Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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71
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Moens C, Bensellam M, Himpe E, Muller CJF, Jonas JC, Bouwens L. Aspalathin Protects Insulin-Producing β Cells against Glucotoxicity and Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Death. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1901009. [PMID: 32012427 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201901009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Aspalathin, the main polyphenolic phytochemical of rooibos (Aspalathus linearis), has been attributed with health promoting properties, including a glucose lowering effect that can prove interesting for application as nutraceutical or therapeutic in (pre-)diabetics. Preservation of β cell mass in the pancreas is considered a key issue for diabetes prevention or treatment, therefore the aim is to investigate whether aspalathin also has β cell cytoprotective potential. METHODS AND RESULTS Rat pancreatic islets and the β cell line Insulinoma 1E (INS1E) are studied in vitro after exposure to various cytotoxic agents, namely streptozotocin (STZ), hydrogen peroxide, or chronic high glucose. The effect of aspalathin on cell survival and apoptosis is studied. Expression of relevant cytoprotective genes is analyzed by qRT-PCR and proteins by Western blot. Aspalathin is found to protect β cells against cytotoxicity and apoptosis. This is associated with increased translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and expression of its antioxidant target genes heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1), NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (Nqo-1), and superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1). CONCLUSION It is proposed that aspalathin protects β cells against glucotoxicity and oxidative stress by increasing the expression of NRF2-regulated antioxidant enzymes. This indicates that aspalathin is an interesting β cell cytoprotectant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Moens
- Cell Differentiation Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mohammed Bensellam
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle d'Endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eddy Himpe
- Cell Differentiation Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christo J F Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Francie van Zijl Drive, 7505, Western Cape, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Jean-Christophe Jonas
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle d'Endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Bouwens
- Cell Differentiation Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Brussels, Belgium
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72
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The role of mitochondria-associated membranes in cellular homeostasis and diseases. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 350:119-196. [PMID: 32138899 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are fundamental in the control of cell physiology regulating several signal transduction pathways. They continuously communicate exchanging messages in their contact sites called MAMs (mitochondria-associated membranes). MAMs are specific microdomains acting as a platform for the sorting of vital and dangerous signals. In recent years increasing evidence reported that multiple scaffold proteins and regulatory factors localize to this subcellular fraction suggesting MAMs as hotspot signaling domains. In this review we describe the current knowledge about MAMs' dynamics and processes, which provided new correlations between MAMs' dysfunctions and human diseases. In fact, MAMs machinery is strictly connected with several pathologies, like neurodegeneration, diabetes and mainly cancer. These pathological events are characterized by alterations in the normal communication between ER and mitochondria, leading to deep metabolic defects that contribute to the progression of the diseases.
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73
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Bensellam M, Shi YC, Chan JY, Laybutt DR, Chae H, Abou-Samra M, Pappas EG, Thomas HE, Gilon P, Jonas JC. Metallothionein 1 negatively regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and is differentially expressed in conditions of beta cell compensation and failure in mice and humans. Diabetologia 2019; 62:2273-2286. [PMID: 31624901 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-05008-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The mechanisms responsible for beta cell compensation in obesity and for beta cell failure in type 2 diabetes are poorly defined. The mRNA levels of several metallothionein (MT) genes are upregulated in islets from individuals with type 2 diabetes, but their role in beta cells is not clear. Here we examined: (1) the temporal changes of islet Mt1 and Mt2 gene expression in mouse models of beta cell compensation and failure; and (2) the role of Mt1 and Mt2 in beta cell function and glucose homeostasis in mice. METHODS Mt1 and Mt2 expression was assessed in islets from: (1) control lean (chow diet-fed) and diet-induced obese (high-fat diet-fed for 6 weeks) mice; (2) mouse models of diabetes (db/db mice) at 6 weeks old (prediabetes) and 16 weeks old (after diabetes onset) and age-matched db/+ (control) mice; and (3) obese non-diabetic ob/ob mice (16-week-old) and age-matched ob/+ (control) mice. MT1E, MT1X and MT2A expression was assessed in islets from humans with and without type 2 diabetes. Mt1-Mt2 double-knockout (KO) mice, transgenic mice overexpressing Mt1 under the control of its natural promoter (Tg-Mt1) and corresponding control mice were also studied. In MIN6 cells, MT1 and MT2 were inhibited by small interfering RNAs. mRNA levels were assessed by real-time RT-PCR, plasma insulin and islet MT levels by ELISA, glucose tolerance by i.p. glucose tolerance tests and overnight fasting-1 h refeeding tests, insulin tolerance by i.p. insulin tolerance tests, insulin secretion by RIA, cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration with Fura-2 leakage resistant (Fura-2 LR), cytosolic free Zn2+ concentration with Fluozin-3, and NAD(P)H by autofluorescence. RESULTS Mt1 and Mt2 mRNA levels were reduced in islets of murine models of beta cell compensation, whereas they were increased in diabetic db/db mice. In humans, MT1X mRNA levels were significantly upregulated in islets from individuals with type 2 diabetes in comparison with non-diabetic donors, while MT1E and MT2A mRNA levels were unchanged. Ex vivo, islet Mt1 and Mt2 mRNA and MT1 and MT2 protein levels were downregulated after culture with glucose at 10-30 mmol/l vs 2-5 mmol/l, in association with increased insulin secretion. In human islets, mRNA levels of MT1E, MT1X and MT2A were downregulated by stimulation with physiological and supraphysiological levels of glucose. In comparison with wild-type (WT) mice, Mt1-Mt2 double-KO mice displayed improved glucose tolerance in association with increased insulin levels and enhanced insulin release from isolated islets. In contrast, isolated islets from Tg-Mt1 mice displayed impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). In both Mt1-Mt2 double-KO and Tg-Mt1 models, the changes in GSIS occurred despite similar islet insulin content, rises in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration and NAD(P)H levels, or intracellular Zn2+ concentration vs WT mice. In MIN6 cells, knockdown of MT1 but not MT2 potentiated GSIS, suggesting that Mt1 rather than Mt2 affects beta cell function. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These findings implicate Mt1 as a negative regulator of insulin secretion. The downregulation of Mt1 is associated with beta cell compensation in obesity, whereas increased Mt1 accompanies beta cell failure and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Bensellam
- Pôle d'endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55 - B1.55.06, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Yan-Chuan Shi
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeng Yie Chan
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - D Ross Laybutt
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Heeyoung Chae
- Pôle d'endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55 - B1.55.06, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Abou-Samra
- Pôle d'endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55 - B1.55.06, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Evan G Pappas
- St Vincent's Institute, Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen E Thomas
- St Vincent's Institute, Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick Gilon
- Pôle d'endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55 - B1.55.06, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Christophe Jonas
- Pôle d'endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55 - B1.55.06, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium.
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1-Palmitoyl-2-Linoleoyl-3-Acetyl- rac-Glycerol Attenuates Streptozotocin-Induced Pancreatic Beta Cell Damage by Promoting Glucose Transporter 2 Endocytosis. Mol Cell Biol 2019; 39:MCB.00157-19. [PMID: 31481450 PMCID: PMC6791655 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00157-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptozotocin (STZ) is widely used to induce diabetic rodent models. It is specifically toxic to pancreatic beta cells and causes severe destruction and dysfunction. We investigated the effect of 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol (PLAG) on an STZ-induced diabetic mouse model. PLAG attenuated the glucose increase and maintained serum insulin at levels similar to those seen with control mice. Streptozotocin (STZ) is widely used to induce diabetic rodent models. It is specifically toxic to pancreatic beta cells and causes severe destruction and dysfunction. We investigated the effect of 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol (PLAG) on an STZ-induced diabetic mouse model. PLAG attenuated the glucose increase and maintained serum insulin at levels similar to those seen with control mice. In pancreatic beta cell line INS-1, STZ-induced cell apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were significantly reduced to nearly normal levels after PLAG treatment. Glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) localization analyses and glucose uptake assays showed that PLAG accelerated GLUT2 internalization, which ameliorated excessive entry of glucose, as well as STZ. STZ-induced cytotoxic effects were significantly reduced in PLAG-treated groups. The biological activity of PLAG was further confirmed in GLUT2-silenced cells, and the specificity of PLAG was verified using its derivative 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-hydroxyl-rac-glycerol (PLH). Our results suggest that PLAG may be a useful agent for protecting beta cells in the setting of excessive glucose influx.
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75
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Roma LP, Jonas JC. Nutrient Metabolism, Subcellular Redox State, and Oxidative Stress in Pancreatic Islets and β-Cells. J Mol Biol 2019; 432:1461-1493. [PMID: 31634466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells play a critical role in blood glucose homeostasis and the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the context of insulin resistance. Based on data obtained at the whole cell level using poorly specific chemical probes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide have been proposed to contribute to the stimulation of insulin secretion by nutrients (positive role) and to the alterations of cell survival and secretory function in T2D (negative role). This raised the controversial hypothesis that any attempt to decrease β-cell oxidative stress and apoptosis in T2D would further impair insulin secretion. Over the last decade, the development of genetically-encoded redox probes that can be targeted to cellular compartments of interest and are specific of redox couples allowed the evaluation of short- and long-term effects of nutrients on β-cell redox changes at the subcellular level. The data indicated that the nutrient regulation of β-cell redox signaling and ROS toxicity is far more complex than previously thought and that the subcellular compartmentation of these processes cannot be neglected when evaluating the mechanisms of ROS production or the efficacy of antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant drugs under glucolipotoxic conditions and in T2D. In this review, we present what is currently known about the compartmentation of redox homeostatic systems and tools to investigate it. We then review data about the effects of nutrients on β-cell subcellular redox state under normal conditions and in the context of T2D and discuss challenges and opportunities in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia P Roma
- Universität des Saarlandes, Biophysics Department, Center for Human and Molecular Biology, Kirbergerstrasse Building 48, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Jean-Christophe Jonas
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Avenue Hippocrate 55 (B1.55.06), B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
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76
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Ježek P, Jabůrek M, Plecitá-Hlavatá L. Contribution of Oxidative Stress and Impaired Biogenesis of Pancreatic β-Cells to Type 2 Diabetes. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:722-751. [PMID: 30450940 PMCID: PMC6708273 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Type 2 diabetes development involves multiple changes in β-cells, related to the oxidative stress and impaired redox signaling, beginning frequently by sustained overfeeding due to the resulting lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity. Uncovering relationships among the dysregulated metabolism, impaired β-cell "well-being," biogenesis, or cross talk with peripheral insulin resistance is required for elucidation of type 2 diabetes etiology. Recent Advances: It has been recognized that the oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, and glucotoxicity cannot be separated from numerous other cell pathology events, such as the attempted compensation of β-cell for the increased insulin demand and dynamics of β-cell biogenesis and its "reversal" at dedifferentiation, that is, from the concomitantly decreasing islet β-cell mass (also due to transdifferentiation) and low-grade islet or systemic inflammation. Critical Issues: At prediabetes, the compensation responses of β-cells, attempting to delay the pathology progression-when exaggerated-set a new state, in which a self-checking redox signaling related to the expression of Ins gene expression is impaired. The resulting altered redox signaling, diminished insulin secretion responses to various secretagogues including glucose, may lead to excretion of cytokines or chemokines by β-cells or excretion of endosomes. They could substantiate putative stress signals to the periphery. Subsequent changes and lasting glucolipotoxicity promote islet inflammatory responses and further pathology spiral. Future Directions: Should bring an understanding of the β-cell self-checking and related redox signaling, including the putative stress signal to periphery. Strategies to cure or prevent type 2 diabetes could be based on the substitution of the "wrong" signal by the "correct" self-checking signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Ježek
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Jabůrek
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lydie Plecitá-Hlavatá
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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77
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Yinhui HE, Haiyan XU, Qi FU, Tao Y. [Effects of glycosylated hemoglobin and disease course on islet β-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:1003-1008. [PMID: 31640950 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.09.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare islet β-cell function in type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients with different glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and diabetes durations. METHODS We examined body parameters, biochemical profiles and islet autoantibodies in a total of 803 T2DM patients admitted in the Department of Endocrinology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between December, 2014 and April, 2016. The patients were stratified by HbA1c level and disease course and underwent steamed bun test to evaluate islet β-cell function and insulin resistance. RESULTS Linear correlation analysis showed that in T2DM patients, HbA1c level was negatively correlated with HOMA2-IR, HOMA2-%β, DI30 and DI180 (P=0.000), and disease course was negatively correlated with HOMA2-IR, HOMA2-% β, and DI180 (P < 0.05). The patients with different HbA1c levels showed significantly different HOMA2-IR, HOMA2-%β, DI30 and DI180 (P=0.000); HOMA2-%β, DI30 and DI180 were significantly higher in patients with HbA1c levels < 7.8%, and HOMA2-% β was significantly decreased in patients with HbA1c levels above 9.8%. The patients with different disease courses also had significant differences in HOMA2-IR, HOMA2-%β, DI30, and DI180 (P=0.000), and as the disease course extended, DI30 and DI180 tended to decrease progressively. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that HbA1c, diabetes duration, and body mass index (BMI) were all independent factors affecting islet β- cell function in T2DM patients. CONCLUSIONS The secretion function of islet β cells decreases progressively with the increase of HbA1c level or disease course in T2DM patients, but the disease course does not appear to have an effect as strong as that of HbA1c level on islet β cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- H E Yinhui
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui 323000, China
| | - X U Haiyan
- Department of Endocrinology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui 323000, China
| | - F U Qi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yang Tao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Abstract
The loss of functional beta cell mass characterises all forms of diabetes. Beta cells are highly susceptible to stress, including cytokine, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and oxidative stress. This study examined the role of pleckstrin homology-like, domain family A, member 3 (Phlda3) in beta cell survival under stress conditions and the regulatory basis. We found that the mRNA levels of Phlda3 were markedly upregulated in vivo in the islets of diabetic humans and mice. In vitro, exposure of MIN6 cells or islets to cytokines, palmitate, thapsigargin or ribose upregulated Phlda3 mRNA and protein levels, concurrent with the induction of ER stress (Ddit3 and Trb3) and antioxidant (Hmox1) genes. Furthermore, H2O2 treatment markedly increased PHLDA3 immunostaining in human islets. Phlda3 expression was differentially regulated by adaptive (Xbp1) and apoptotic (Ddit3) unfolded protein response (UPR) mediators. siRNA-mediated knockdown of Xbp1 inhibited the induction of Phlda3 by cytokines and palmitate, whereas knockdown of Ddit3 upregulated Phlda3. Moreover, knockdown of Phlda3 potentiated cytokine-induced apoptosis in association with upregulation of inflammatory genes (iNos, IL1β and IκBα) and NFκB phosphorylation and downregulation of antioxidant (Gpx1 and Srxn1) and adaptive UPR (Xbp1, Hspa5 and Fkbp11) genes. Knockdown of Phlda3 also potentiated apoptosis under oxidative stress conditions induced by ribose treatment. These findings suggest that Phlda3 is crucial for beta cell survival under stress conditions. Phlda3 regulates the cytokine, oxidative and ER stress responses in beta cells via the repression of inflammatory gene expression and the maintenance of antioxidant and adaptive UPR gene expression. Phlda3 may promote beta cell survival in diabetes.
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Dingreville F, Panthu B, Thivolet C, Ducreux S, Gouriou Y, Pesenti S, Chauvin MA, Chikh K, Errazuriz-Cerda E, Van Coppenolle F, Rieusset J, Madec AM. Differential Effect of Glucose on ER-Mitochondria Ca 2+ Exchange Participates in Insulin Secretion and Glucotoxicity-Mediated Dysfunction of β-Cells. Diabetes 2019; 68:1778-1794. [PMID: 31175102 DOI: 10.2337/db18-1112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Glucotoxicity-induced β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes is associated with alterations of mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Both organelles interact at contact sites, defined as mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), which were recently implicated in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. The role of MAMs in β-cells is still largely unknown, and their implication in glucotoxicity-associated β-cell dysfunction remains to be defined. Here, we report that acute glucose treatment stimulated ER-mitochondria interactions and calcium (Ca2+) exchange in INS-1E cells, whereas disruption of MAMs altered glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Conversely, chronic incubations with high glucose of either INS-1E cells or human pancreatic islets altered GSIS and concomitantly reduced ER Ca2+ store, increased basal mitochondrial Ca2+, and reduced ATP-stimulated ER-mitochondria Ca2+ exchanges, despite an increase of organelle interactions. Furthermore, glucotoxicity-induced perturbations of Ca2+ signaling are associated with ER stress, altered mitochondrial respiration, and mitochondria fragmentation, and these organelle stresses may participate in increased organelle tethering as a protective mechanism. Last, sustained induction of ER-mitochondria interactions using a linker reduced organelle Ca2+ exchange, induced mitochondrial fission, and altered GSIS. Therefore, dynamic organelle coupling participates in GSIS in β-cells, and over time, disruption of organelle Ca2+ exchange might be a novel mechanism contributing to glucotoxicity-induced β-cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Dingreville
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Oullins, France
| | - Baptiste Panthu
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Oullins, France
| | - Charles Thivolet
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Oullins, France
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hopital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Sylvie Ducreux
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Oullins, France
| | - Yves Gouriou
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Oullins, France
| | - Sandra Pesenti
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Oullins, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Chauvin
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Oullins, France
| | - Karim Chikh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hopital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | | | - Fabien Van Coppenolle
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Oullins, France
| | - Jennifer Rieusset
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Oullins, France
| | - Anne-Marie Madec
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Oullins, France
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review summarizes the alterations in the β-cell observed in type 2 diabetes (T2D), focusing on changes in β-cell identity and mass and changes associated with metabolism and intracellular signaling. RECENT FINDINGS In the setting of T2D, β-cells undergo changes in gene expression, reverting to a more immature state and in some cases transdifferentiating into other islet cell types. Alleviation of metabolic stress, ER stress, and maladaptive prostaglandin signaling could improve β-cell function and survival. The β-cell defects leading to T2D likely differ in different individuals and include variations in β-cell mass, development, β-cell expansion, responses to ER and oxidative stress, insulin production and secretion, and intracellular signaling pathways. The recent recognition that some β-cells undergo dedifferentiation without dying in T2D suggests strategies to revive these cells and rejuvenate their functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley A Christensen
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Maureen Gannon
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2213 Garland Ave, MRB IV 7465, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Health Authority, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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82
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Huang XT, Liu W, Zhou Y, Sun M, Sun CC, Zhang CY, Tang SY. Endoplasmic reticulum stress contributes to NMDA-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in a CHOP-dependent manner. Life Sci 2019; 232:116612. [PMID: 31260687 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Accumulating evidence suggest that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is an important mechanism underlying the development of diabetes. We have reported that sustained treatment with N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) results in apoptotic β-cell death and impairs insulin secretion. However, the molecular mechanism responsible for NMDA-induced β-cell dysfunction remains largely obscure. Thus, this study aimed to determine whether sustained activation of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) causes β-cell dysfunction through ER stress. MAIN METHODS Primary mouse islets and MIN6 mouse pancreatic β-cells were treated with NMDA for 24 h or high-glucose for 72 h. After the treatment, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and the expression of ER stress markers were measured, respectively. In vivo, the expression of ER stress markers was measured in the pancreas of diabetic mice treated with or without NMDARs inhibitor Memantine. KEY FINDINGS NMDA treatment caused an increase in the expression of ER stress markers (ATF4, CHOP, GRP78, and Xbp1s) in primary islets. While, tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an inhibitor of ER stress, significantly attenuated NMDA-induced β-cell dysfunction, including the loss of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and reduction of pancreas duodenum homeobox factor-1 (Pdx-1) mRNA expression, a transcription factor regulating insulin synthesis. Besides, NMDA-induced ER stress strongly promoted pro-inflammatory cytokines synthesis (IL-1β and TNF-α) in β cells. Interestingly, knockdown of CHOP attenuated β-cell dysfunction evoked by NMDA. Furthermore, we demonstrated that blockade of NMDARs ameliorated high-glucose-induced ER stress in vitro and in vivo. SIGNIFICANCE This study confirms that ER stress is actively involved in the activation of NMDARs-related β-cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ting Huang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mei Sun
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chen-Chen Sun
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chen-Yu Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Si-Yuan Tang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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83
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Kanzawa T, Hirai T, Fukuda H, Katsumata H, Ishii R, Ikemiyagi M, Ishii Y, Saiga K, Okumi M, Tanabe K. Combination therapy of an iNKT cell ligand and CD40-CD154 blockade establishes islet allograft acceptance in nonmyeloablative bone marrow transplant recipients. Acta Diabetol 2019; 56:541-550. [PMID: 30758788 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-019-01289-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Islet transplantation is an effective therapeutic option for type 1 diabetes. Although maintenance immunosuppression therapy is required to prevent allogeneic rejection and recurrence of autoimmunity, long-term allograft survival has not yet been achieved partly because of its adverse effects. The induction of donor-specific immunotolerance is a promising approach for long-term allograft survival without maintenance immunosuppression therapy. We previously reported that combination therapy using a liposomal ligand for invariant natural killer T cells, RGI-2001, and anti-CD154 antibody established mixed hematopoietic chimerism for the induction of donor-specific immunotolerance. This study investigated whether the protocol could promote islet allograft acceptance in experimental diabetes. METHODS Streptozotocin-induced diabetic BALB/c mice were transplanted with bone marrow cells from C57BL/6 donors and received combination therapy of RGI-2001 and anti-CD154 antibody after 3-Gy total body irradiation. 3 Weeks after bone marrow transplantation, islets isolated from C57BL/6 donors were transplanted under the kidney capsule. RESULTS Mixed chimerism was established in diabetic mice receiving the tolerance induction protocol. After islet transplantation, blood glucose levels improved and normoglycemia persisted for over 100 days. Hyperglycemia recurred after islet grafts were removed. Histopathological examinations showed insulin-positive staining and absence of cellular infiltration in the islet grafts. T cells of recipients showed donor-specific hyporesponsiveness, and anti-donor antibodies were not detected. CONCLUSIONS The tolerance induction protocol with combination therapy of RGI-2001 and anti-CD154 antibody promoted islet allograft acceptance in a mouse diabetic model. This protocol may be clinically applied to islet transplantation for type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Kanzawa
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihito Hirai
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hironori Fukuda
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruki Katsumata
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rumi Ishii
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masako Ikemiyagi
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ishii
- Vaccine Innovation Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub (RCSTI), Yokohama, Japan
- REGiMMUNE Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kan Saiga
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Urology, Jyoban Hospital of Tokiwa Foundation, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Okumi
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunari Tanabe
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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84
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Imai Y, Cousins RS, Liu S, Phelps BM, Promes JA. Connecting pancreatic islet lipid metabolism with insulin secretion and the development of type 2 diabetes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1461:53-72. [PMID: 30937918 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is the major contributing factor for the increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in recent years. Sustained positive influx of lipids is considered to be a precipitating factor for beta cell dysfunction and serves as a connection between obesity and T2D. Importantly, fatty acids (FA), a key building block of lipids, are a double-edged sword for beta cells. FA acutely increase glucose-stimulated insulin secretion through cell-surface receptor and intracellular pathways. However, chronic exposure to FA, combined with elevated glucose, impair the viability and function of beta cells in vitro and in animal models of obesity (glucolipotoxicity), providing an experimental basis for the propensity of beta cell demise under obesity in humans. To better understand the two-sided relationship between lipids and beta cells, we present a current view of acute and chronic handling of lipids by beta cells and implications for beta cell function and health. We also discuss an emerging role for lipid droplets (LD) in the dynamic regulation of lipid metabolism in beta cells and insulin secretion, along with a potential role for LD under nutritional stress in beta cells, and incorporate recent advancement in the field of lipid droplet biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Imai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Ryan S Cousins
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Siming Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Brian M Phelps
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Joseph A Promes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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85
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Moura J, Madureira P, Leal EC, Fonseca AC, Carvalho E. Immune aging in diabetes and its implications in wound healing. Clin Immunol 2019; 200:43-54. [PMID: 30735729 PMCID: PMC7322932 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Immune systems have evolved to recognize and eliminate pathogens and damaged cells. In humans, it is estimated to recognize 109 epitopes and natural selection ensures that clonally expanded cells replace unstimulated cells and overall immune cell numbers remain stationary. But, with age, it faces continuous repertoire restriction and concomitant accumulation of primed cells. Changes shaping the aging immune system have bitter consequences because, as inflammatory responses gain intensity and duration, tissue-damaging immunity and inflammatory disease arise. During inflammation, the glycolytic flux cannot cope with increasing ATP demands, limiting the immune response's extent. In diabetes, higher glucose availability stretches the glycolytic limit, dysregulating proteostasis and increasing T-cell expansion. Long-term hyperglycemia exerts an accumulating effect, leading to higher inflammatory cytokine levels and increased cytotoxic mediator secretion upon infection, a phenomenon known as diabetic chronic inflammation. Here we review the etiology of diabetic chronic inflammation and its consequences on wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Moura
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - P Madureira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Immunethep, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - E C Leal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A C Fonseca
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - E Carvalho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação Interdisciplinar, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, United States
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86
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Olivieri C. Combating insulin resistance with the paleo diet. Nurse Pract 2019; 44:49-55. [PMID: 30672867 DOI: 10.1097/01.npr.0000552683.55684.f8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lifestyle changes that include adopting a healthy diet, such as the paleo diet, can help prevent prediabetes and T2DM. This article explores the potential benefits of replacing low-calorie diets with the paleo diet. As primary care providers, NPs are positioned to help inform patients, particularly those with prediabetes and T2DM, about healthy lifestyle choices and provide them with resources to achieve weight loss success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrystyne Olivieri
- Chrystyne Olivieri is an assistant professor of graduate nursing at Long Island University, Brookville, N.Y
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87
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Daems C, Welsch S, Boughaleb H, Vanderroost J, Robert A, Sokal E, Lysy PA. Early Treatment with Empagliflozin and GABA Improves β-Cell Mass and Glucose Tolerance in Streptozotocin-Treated Mice. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:2813489. [PMID: 31467926 PMCID: PMC6701376 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2813489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
While the autoimmune character of T1D (type 1 diabetes) is being challenged, it is currently recognized that inflammation plays a key role in its development. We hypothesized that glucotoxicity could contribute to β-cell mass destruction through participation in islet inflammation. We evaluated the potential of empagliflozin (EMPA) and GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) to protect β-cell mass against glucotoxicity and to increase β-cell mass after diagnosis of T1D. Empagliflozin is a SGLT2 (sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter) inhibitor which thereby blocks glucose recapture by the kidney and promotes glucose excretion in urine. GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, which stimulates α-to-β cell transdifferentiation. In streptozotocin-treated mice, empagliflozin and/or GABA were delivered for a period of five days or three weeks. As compared to untreated T1D mice, EMPA-treated T1D mice had decreased FFA (free fatty acid) levels and improved glucose homeostasis. EMPA-treated T1D mice had higher islet density, with preserved architecture, compared to T1D mice, and EMPA-treated T1D mice also differed from T1D mice by the total absence of immune cell infiltration within islets. Islets from EMPA-treated mice were also less subjected to ER (endoplasmic reticulum) stress and inflammation, as shown by qPCR analysis. Glucose homeostasis parameters and islet area/pancreas area ratio improved, as compared to diabetic controls, when T1D mice were treated for three weeks with GABA and EMPA. T1D EMPA+GABA mice had higher glucagon levels than T1D mice, without modifications of glucagon area/islet area ratios. In conclusion, empagliflozin and GABA, used in monotherapy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, have positive effects on β-cell mass preservation or proliferation through an indirect effect on islet cell inflammation and ER stress. Further research is mandatory to evaluate whether empagliflozin and GABA may be a potential therapeutic target for the protection of β-cell mass after new-onset T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Daems
- Pôle PEDI, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Av. Hippocrate 10, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie Welsch
- Pôle PEDI, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Av. Hippocrate 10, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hasnae Boughaleb
- Pôle PEDI, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Av. Hippocrate 10, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Juliette Vanderroost
- Pôle PEDI, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Av. Hippocrate 10, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Annie Robert
- Pôle d'Epidémiologie et Biostatistique, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Av. Hippocrate 10, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Sokal
- Pôle PEDI, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Av. Hippocrate 10, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe A. Lysy
- Pôle PEDI, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Av. Hippocrate 10, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
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88
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Diallo K, Oppong AK, Lim GE. Can 14-3-3 proteins serve as therapeutic targets for the treatment of metabolic diseases? Pharmacol Res 2019; 139:199-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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89
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Gateva AT, Assyov YS, Velikova T, Kamenov ZA. Higher levels of thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) in patients with prediabetes compared to obese normoglycemic subjects. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:734-737. [PMID: 30641797 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) is one of the mediators of oxidative stress induced beta-cell glucotoxisity. TXNIP might play a key role in impaired glucose homeostasis preceding overt T2DM. The aim of the present study was to compare TXNIP levels between patients with prediabetes and obese normoglycemic controls and to evaluate the link between TXNIP and metabolic risk factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS In the present study we included 79 patients with mean age 50.3 ± 10.6 years, divided into two age and BMI matched groups -control group with obesity without glycemic disturbances (NGT) (n = 40) and prediabetes (n = 39). RESULTS We found significantly higher levels of TXNIP in patients with prediabetes compared to normoglycemic obese controls (54.2 ± 69.9 vs. 23.9 ± 47.1 pg/ml; p = 0.03). The levels of TXNIP gradually increased from normal glucose tolerance trough IFG/IGT only to IFG + IGT (27,1; 44.0; 49.9 and 95.7 pg/ml respectively; p = 0.025 between NGT and IFG + IGT). TXNIP levels correlated weakly only with fasting blood glucose (r = 0.235; p = 0.04) but not with glucose during OGTT or the markers of insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS The levels of TXNIP are higher in patients with prediabetes compared to normoglycemic controls as they increase gradually from NGT trough IFG/IGT only to IFG + IGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoaneta T Gateva
- Clinic of Endocrinology, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Medical University-Sofia, 1 GeorgiSofiiski Str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Yavor S Assyov
- Clinic of Endocrinology, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Medical University-Sofia, 1 GeorgiSofiiski Str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Zdravko A Kamenov
- Clinic of Endocrinology, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Medical University-Sofia, 1 GeorgiSofiiski Str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
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90
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Pillai SS, Mini S. Attenuation of high glucose induced apoptotic and inflammatory signaling pathways in RIN-m5F pancreatic β cell lines by Hibiscus rosa sinensis L. petals and its phytoconstituents. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 227:8-17. [PMID: 30120944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hibiscus rosa sinensis petals possess wide range of pharmacological properties, with remarkable nutritional values. Diabetes is one of the most devastating diseases affecting the world today. A few side effects associated with the use of insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents prompted us to search new bioactive principles from antidiabetic plants used in traditional medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY The anti-diabetic therapeutic potential of the flavonoids rich ethyl acetate fraction of Hibiscus rosa sinensis petals (EHRS) was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS High glucose (25 mM) induced apoptotic model of diabetes in RIN-m5F pancreatic β-cells was used for the study. RESULTS EHRS elevated the release of insulin in pancreatic cells and modulated apoptotic signaling cascades. It significantly reduced NF-κB nuclear translocation, thereby down-regulated the expressions of major inflammatory cytokines and up-regulated expressions of pancreatic β-cell functional genes such as, foxO-1, Ucn-3, Pdx-1, MafA and Nkx6.1. On comparison with its constituent phytochemicals, superior protective effect shown by EHRS may be due to the additive action of these phytoconstituents. CONCLUSIONS Results of the present study suggest hibiscus petals as a natural source and functional food of potential therapeutics to protect pancreatic β-cells in experimental diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha S Pillai
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695581, India.
| | - S Mini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695581, India.
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91
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Moyce BL, Dolinsky VW. Maternal β-Cell Adaptations in Pregnancy and Placental Signalling: Implications for Gestational Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113467. [PMID: 30400566 PMCID: PMC6274918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rates of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are on the rise worldwide, and the number of pregnancies impacted by GDM and resulting complications are also increasing. Pregnancy is a period of unique metabolic plasticity, during which mild insulin resistance is a physiological adaptation to prioritize fetal growth. To compensate for this, the pancreatic β-cell utilizes a variety of adaptive mechanisms, including increasing mass, number and insulin-secretory capacity to maintain glucose homeostasis. When insufficient insulin production does not overcome insulin resistance, hyperglycemia can occur. Changes in the maternal system that occur in GDM such as lipotoxicity, inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as impairments in adipokine and placental signalling, are associated with impaired β-cell adaptation. Understanding these pathways, as well as mechanisms of β-cell dysfunction in pregnancy, can identify novel therapeutic targets beyond diet and lifestyle interventions, insulin and antihyperglycemic agents currently used for treating GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L Moyce
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and the Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Research Theme of the Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba and the Manitoba Developmental Origins of Chronic Diseases in Children Network (DEVOTION), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada.
| | - Vernon W Dolinsky
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and the Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Research Theme of the Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba and the Manitoba Developmental Origins of Chronic Diseases in Children Network (DEVOTION), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada.
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92
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Taylor R, Al-Mrabeh A, Zhyzhneuskaya S, Peters C, Barnes AC, Aribisala BS, Hollingsworth KG, Mathers JC, Sattar N, Lean MEJ. Remission of Human Type 2 Diabetes Requires Decrease in Liver and Pancreas Fat Content but Is Dependent upon Capacity for β Cell Recovery. Cell Metab 2018; 28:547-556.e3. [PMID: 30078554 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial reported return and persistence of non-diabetic blood glucose control in 46% of people with type 2 diabetes of up to 6 years duration. Detailed metabolic studies were performed on a subgroup (intervention, n = 64; control, n = 26). In the intervention group, liver fat content decreased (16.0% ± 1.3% to 3.1% ± 0.5%, p < 0.0001) immediately after weight loss. Similarly, plasma triglyceride and pancreas fat content decreased whether or not glucose control normalized. Recovery of first-phase insulin response (0.04[-0.05-0.32] to 0.11[0.0005-0.51] nmol/min/m2, p < 0.0001) defined those who returned to non-diabetic glucose control and this was durable at 12 months (0.11[0.005-0.81] nmol/min/m2, p = 0.0001). Responders were similar to non-responders at baseline but had shorter diabetes duration (2.7 ± 0.3 versus 3.8 ± 0.4 years; p = 0.02). This study demonstrates that β cell ability to recover long-term function persists after diagnosis, changing the previous paradigm of irreversible loss of β cell function in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Taylor
- Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing & Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK.
| | - Ahmad Al-Mrabeh
- Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing & Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Sviatlana Zhyzhneuskaya
- Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing & Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Carl Peters
- Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing & Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Alison C Barnes
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Benjamin S Aribisala
- Department of Computer Science, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Kieren G Hollingsworth
- Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing & Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - John C Mathers
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Naveed Sattar
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Michael E J Lean
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK
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93
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Hu L, Dai SC, Luan X, Chen J, Cannavicci A. Dysfunction and Therapeutic Potential of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Med Res 2018; 10:752-757. [PMID: 30214646 PMCID: PMC6134996 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr3581w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic, multifactorial metabolic disease whereby insulin deficiency or resistance results in hyperglycemia. Endothelial cells (ECs) form the innermost layer of the blood vessel and produce and release a variety of vasoactive substances and growth factors to regulate vascular homeostasis and angiogenesis. Hyperglycemia and insulin resistance can cause endothelial dysfunction, leading to vascular complications such as coronary artery disease, peripheral arterial disease, diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy. The detrimental effect exerted on ECs by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance underlines the importance of reparatory mechanisms in DM. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), derived from bone marrow, have been recognized as endogenous cells involved in endothelial repair and new blood vessel formation. Initially isolated from a subset of circulating CD34+ mononuclear cells, EPCs were found to possess the ability to differentiate into ECs when cultured in vitro and incorporate into newly formed vessels upon transplantation in animal models of ischemia. Due to the low frequency of CD34+ cells in circulation, the vast majority of studies investigating EPC actions have used cells that are generated through the culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) for 4 - 7 days in endothelial selective medium. These cells, mainly of myeloid hematopoietic cell origin, were termed “Early EPCs,” of which, few expressed stem/progenitor-cell markers. Therefore, early EPCs were also termed “myeloid angiogenic cells” (MACs). When PBMNCs are cultured for over 2 weeks, early EPCs gradually diminish while so-called late EPCs appear. Late EPCs share phenotypic features with mature ECs and are therefore also termed blood-derived ECs; they will not be addressed in this review. MAC dysfunction has been observed in a variety of disease conditions including DM. In this article we review the activities and therapeutic potential of MACs in DM. We will interchangeably use “EPCs” and “MACs” to refer to the cells procured by culture of PBMNCs in EC selective medium for approximately 7 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Si-Cheng Dai
- Medical Sciences Program, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xiaojun Luan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingsong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Anthony Cannavicci
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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94
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Belmouhoub M, Chebout I, Iguer-ouada M. Antidiabetic and anti-hypercholesterolemic effects of flavonoid-rich fractions ofRosmarinus officinalisin streptozotocin-induced diabetes in mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.3166/phyto-2018-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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95
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Metabolic Disorders. Cells 2018; 7:cells7060063. [PMID: 29921793 PMCID: PMC6025008 DOI: 10.3390/cells7060063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders have become among the most serious threats to human health, leading to severe chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, as well as cardiovascular diseases. Interestingly, despite the fact that each of these diseases has different physiological and clinical symptoms, they appear to share certain pathological traits such as intracellular stress and inflammation induced by metabolic disturbance stemmed from over nutrition frequently aggravated by a modern, sedentary life style. These modern ways of living inundate cells and organs with saturating levels of sugar and fat, leading to glycotoxicity and lipotoxicity that induce intracellular stress signaling ranging from oxidative to ER stress response to cope with the metabolic insults (Mukherjee, et al., 2015). In this review, we discuss the roles played by cellular stress and its responses in shaping metabolic disorders. We have summarized here current mechanistic insights explaining the pathogenesis of these disorders. These are followed by a discussion of the latest therapies targeting the stress response pathways.
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96
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Yanai H, Hakoshima M, Adachi H. Which Factor Determines the Duration Required for Relief of Glucotoxicity by the Intensive Insulin Therapy? J Clin Med Res 2018; 10:606-608. [PMID: 29904447 PMCID: PMC5997419 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr3423w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hidekatsu Yanai
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mariko Hakoshima
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroki Adachi
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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97
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Dong Y, Li S, Zhao W, Wang Y, Ge T, Xiao J, Li Y. Changes of MODY signal pathway genes in the endoplasmic reticulum stress in INS-1-3 cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198614. [PMID: 29879176 PMCID: PMC5991669 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metabolic disturbances induce endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in pancreatic beta cells. This study aims to investigate whether a common pathway exists in the ERS induced by various chemicals, including high levels of glucose and palmitate in INS-1-3 cells. METHOD ERS in INS-1-3 cells was induced by exposure cells to thapsigargin (TG), tunicamycin (TM) or palmitic acid (PA) +high glucose (HG). Digital gene expression (DGE) profiling technique was used to detect differentially expressed genes. The profile of gene expression was detected by gene oncology (GO) function and pathway enrichment analysis. Nkx6.1 over-expression was established in INS-1-3 cell lines by lentivirus infection to revert the inhibition of Nkx6.1 expression found in the situation of ERS. Real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to verify the expression changes of key genes. Cell viability was measured by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. INS-1-3 cell function was measured by glucose stimulated insulin secretion test(GSIS). RESULTS As compared to control, DGE demonstrated that there were 135, 57 and 74 differentially expressed genes in TM, TG and HG+PA groups, respectively. Those differentially expressed genes were enriched to ERS, antigen processing and presentation, protein export pathways, and interestingly, the maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) pathway. Nkx6.1 is one of common down-regulated gene in MODY signaling pathway among TM, TG and HG+PA groups. Over-expression of Nkx6.1 ameliorated glucolipotoxicity induced apoptosis rate by 45.4%, and increased proliferation by 40.9%. At the same time, GSIS increased by 1.82 folds. CONCLUSIONS MODY pathway genes expression was changed in the state of ERS. Over-expression of Nkx6.1 protected the INS-1-3 cells from glucolipotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shirui Li
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhui Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Changping District, Beijing, China
| | - Yanlei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Changping District, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Ge
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Changping District, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Changping District, Beijing, China
| | - Yukun Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
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98
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Abadpour S, Halvorsen B, Sahraoui A, Korsgren O, Aukrust P, Scholz H. Interleukin-22 reverses human islet dysfunction and apoptosis triggered by hyperglycemia and LIGHT. J Mol Endocrinol 2018; 60:171-183. [PMID: 29330151 DOI: 10.1530/jme-17-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-22 has recently been suggested as an anti-inflammatory cytokine that could protect the islet cells from inflammation- and glucose-induced toxicity. We have previously shown that the tumor necrosis factor family member, LIGHT, can impair human islet function at least partly via pro-apoptotic effects. Herein, we aimed to investigate the protective role of IL-22 on human islets exposed to the combination of hyperglycemia and LIGHT. First, we found upregulation of LIGHT receptors (LTβR and HVEM) in engrafted human islets exposed to hyperglycemia (>11 mM) for 17 days post transplantation by using a double islet transplantation mouse model as well as in human islets cultured with high glucose (HG) (20 mM glucose) + LIGHT in vitro, and this latter effect was attenuated by IL-22. The effect of HG + LIGHT impairing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was reversed by IL-22. The harmful effect of HG + LIGHT on human islet function seemed to involve enhanced endoplasmic reticulum stress evidenced by upregulation of p-IRE1α and BiP, elevated secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IP-10 and MCP-1) and the pro-coagulant mediator tissue factor (TF) release and apoptosis in human islets, whereas all these effects were at least partly reversed by IL-22. Our findings suggest that IL-22 could counteract the harmful effects of LIGHT/hyperglycemia on human islet cells and potentially support the strong protective effect of IL-22 on impaired islet function and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadab Abadpour
- Section for Transplant SurgeryOslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Surgical ResearchOslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bente Halvorsen
- Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal MedicineOslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Afaf Sahraoui
- Section for Transplant SurgeryOslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Surgical ResearchOslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olle Korsgren
- Department of ImmunologyGenetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal MedicineOslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious DiseasesOslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanne Scholz
- Section for Transplant SurgeryOslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Surgical ResearchOslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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99
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Wang Y, Hao N, Lin H, Wang T, Xie J, Yuan Y. Down-regulation of CASK in glucotoxicity-induced insulin dysfunction in pancreatic β cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:281-287. [PMID: 29293883 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
High-glucose level exerts deleterious effects on pancreatic β cells, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK) plays a vital role in neural development and release of neurotransmitters, and probably plays a role in the anchoring of insulin on pancreatic β cell membrane. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) is involved in β-cell dysfunction. The aim of this study was to provide some basic evidence that CASK could be involved in glucotoxicity-induced insulin secretion dysfunction mediated by HIF1α in INS-1E cells. CASK overexpression plasmid, HIF1α agonist (CoCl2), and HIF1α selective inhibitor (KC7F2) were used. The results showed that chronic stimulation with high glucose could induce insulin secretion dysfunction in INS-1E β cells. Overexpression of CASK partially reversed the effects of high glucose on insulin secretion. CoCl2 reduced the expression of CASK, but KC7F2 reversed the glucotoxicity-induced CASK level reduction. These results suggested that glucotoxicity-induced insulin secretion defects in INS-1E cells could be mediated by HIF1α via the down-regulation of CASK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Nana Hao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang 236000, China
| | - Haiyan Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Tianyuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jinyang Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuexing Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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100
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Bensellam M, Jonas JC, Laybutt DR. Mechanisms of β-cell dedifferentiation in diabetes: recent findings and future research directions. J Endocrinol 2018; 236:R109-R143. [PMID: 29203573 DOI: 10.1530/joe-17-0516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Like all the cells of an organism, pancreatic β-cells originate from embryonic stem cells through a complex cellular process termed differentiation. Differentiation involves the coordinated and tightly controlled activation/repression of specific effectors and gene clusters in a time-dependent fashion thereby giving rise to particular morphological and functional cellular features. Interestingly, cellular differentiation is not a unidirectional process. Indeed, growing evidence suggests that under certain conditions, mature β-cells can lose, to various degrees, their differentiated phenotype and cellular identity and regress to a less differentiated or a precursor-like state. This concept is termed dedifferentiation and has been proposed, besides cell death, as a contributing factor to the loss of functional β-cell mass in diabetes. β-cell dedifferentiation involves: (1) the downregulation of β-cell-enriched genes, including key transcription factors, insulin, glucose metabolism genes, protein processing and secretory pathway genes; (2) the concomitant upregulation of genes suppressed or expressed at very low levels in normal β-cells, the β-cell forbidden genes; and (3) the likely upregulation of progenitor cell genes. These alterations lead to phenotypic reconfiguration of β-cells and ultimately defective insulin secretion. While the major role of glucotoxicity in β-cell dedifferentiation is well established, the precise mechanisms involved are still under investigation. This review highlights the identified molecular mechanisms implicated in β-cell dedifferentiation including oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation and hypoxia. It discusses the role of Foxo1, Myc and inhibitor of differentiation proteins and underscores the emerging role of non-coding RNAs. Finally, it proposes a novel hypothesis of β-cell dedifferentiation as a potential adaptive mechanism to escape cell death under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Bensellam
- Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchSydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Université Catholique de LouvainInstitut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle d'Endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Christophe Jonas
- Université Catholique de LouvainInstitut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle d'Endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Ross Laybutt
- Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchSydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical SchoolUNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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