51
|
Williams JE, McGuire MK, Meehan CL, McGuire MA, Brooker SL, Kamau-Mbuthia EW, Kamundia EW, Mbugua S, Moore SE, Prentice AM, Otoo GE, Rodríguez JM, Pareja RG, Foster JA, Sellen DW, Kita DG, Neibergs HL, Murdoch BM. Key genetic variants associated with variation of milk oligosaccharides from diverse human populations. Genomics 2021; 113:1867-1875. [PMID: 33831438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), the third most abundant component of human milk, are thought to be important contributors to infant health. Studies have provided evidence that geography, stage of lactation, and Lewis and secretor blood groups are associated with HMO profile. However, little is known about how variation across the genome may influence HMO composition among women in various populations. In this study, we performed genome-wide association analyses of 395 women from 8 countries to identify genetic regions associated with 19 different HMO. Our data support FUT2 as the most significantly associated (P < 4.23-9 to P < 4.5-70) gene with seven HMO and provide evidence of balancing selection for FUT2. Although polymorphisms in FUT3 were also associated with variation in lacto-N-fucopentaose II and difucosyllacto-N-tetrose, we found little evidence of selection on FUT3. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the use of genome-wide association analyses on HMO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janet E Williams
- Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Michelle K McGuire
- Margaret Ritchie School of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Courtney L Meehan
- Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Mark A McGuire
- Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Sarah L Brooker
- Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | | | | | - Samwel Mbugua
- Department of Human Nutrition, Egerton University, Nakuru, Kenya
| | - Sophie E Moore
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; MRC Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Andrew M Prentice
- MRC Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Gloria E Otoo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Juan M Rodríguez
- Dpto. of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - James A Foster
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Daniel W Sellen
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Debela G Kita
- Department of Anthropology, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Holly L Neibergs
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Brenda M Murdoch
- Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Galeev A, Suwandi A, Cepic A, Basu M, Baines JF, Grassl GA. The role of the blood group-related glycosyltransferases FUT2 and B4GALNT2 in susceptibility to infectious disease. Int J Med Microbiol 2021; 311:151487. [PMID: 33662872 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2021.151487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycosylation profile of the gastrointestinal tract is an important factor mediating host-microbe interactions. Variation in these glycan structures is often mediated by blood group-related glycosyltransferases, and can lead to wide-ranging differences in susceptibility to both infectious- as well as chronic disease. In this review, we focus on the interplay between host glycosylation, the intestinal microbiota and susceptibility to gastrointestinal pathogens based on studies of two exemplary blood group-related glycosyltransferases that are conserved between mice and humans, namely FUT2 and B4GALNT2. We highlight that differences in susceptibility can arise due to both changes in direct interactions, such as bacterial adhesion, as well as indirect effects mediated by the intestinal microbiota. Although a large body of experimental work exists for direct interactions between host and pathogen, determining the more complex and variable mechanisms underlying three-way interactions involving the intestinal microbiota will be the subject of much-needed future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alibek Galeev
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany and Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Abdulhadi Suwandi
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover, Germany
| | - Aleksa Cepic
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany and Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Meghna Basu
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany and Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - John F Baines
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany and Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Guntram A Grassl
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Tang X, Wang W, Hong G, Duan C, Zhu S, Tian Y, Han C, Qian W, Lin R, Hou X. Gut microbiota-mediated lysophosphatidylcholine generation promotes colitis in intestinal epithelium-specific Fut2 deficiency. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:20. [PMID: 33722220 PMCID: PMC7958775 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00711-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Previous study disclosed Fucosyltransferase 2 (Fut2) gene as a IBD risk locus. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of Fut2 in IBD susceptibility and to propose a new strategy for the treatment of IBD. METHODS Intestinal epithelium-specific Fut2 knockout (Fut2△IEC) mice was used. Colitis was induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The composition and diversity of gut microbiota were assessed via 16S rRNA analysis and the metabolomic findings was obtained from mice feces via metabolite profiling. The fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiment was performed to confirm the association of gut microbiota and LPC. WT mice were treated with Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) to verify its impact on colitis. RESULTS The expression of Fut2 and α-1,2-fucosylation in colonic tissues were decreased in patients with UC (UC vs. control, P = 0.036) and CD (CD vs. control, P = 0.031). When treated with DSS, in comparison to WT mice, more severe intestinal inflammation and destructive barrier functions in Fut2△IEC mice was noted. Lower gut microbiota diversity was observed in Fut2△IEC mice compared with WT mice (p < 0.001). When exposed to DSS, gut bacterial diversity and composition altered obviously in Fut2△IEC mice and the fecal concentration of LPC was increased. FMT experiment revealed that mice received the fecal microbiota from Fut2△IEC mice exhibited more severe colitis and higher fecal LPC concentration. Correlation analysis showed that the concentration of LPC was positively correlated with four bacteria-Escherichia, Bilophila, Enterorhabdus and Gordonibacter. Furthermore, LPC was proved to promote the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and damage epithelial barrier in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Fut2 and α-1,2-fucosylation in colon were decreased not only in CD but also in UC patients. Gut microbiota in Fut2△IEC mice is altered structurally and functionally, promoting generation of LPC which was proved to promote inflammation and damage epithelial barrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Gaichao Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Caihan Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Siran Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yuen Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chaoqun Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wei Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Rong Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Zhou R, Llorente C, Cao J, Zaramela LS, Zeng S, Gao B, Li SZ, Welch RD, Huang FQ, Qi LW, Pan C, Huang Y, Zhou P, Beussen I, Zhang Y, Bryam G, Fiehn O, Wang L, Liu EH, Yu RT, Downes M, Evans RM, Goglin K, Fouts DE, Brenner DA, Bode L, Fan X, Zengler K, Schnabl B. Intestinal α1-2-Fucosylation Contributes to Obesity and Steatohepatitis in Mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 12:293-320. [PMID: 33631374 PMCID: PMC8166943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Fucosyltransferase 2 (Fut2)-mediated intestinal α1- 2-fucosylation is important for host-microbe interactions and has been associated with several diseases, but its role in obesity and hepatic steatohepatitis is not known. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Fut2 in a Western-style diet-induced mouse model of obesity and steatohepatitis. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and Fut2-deficient littermate mice were used and features of the metabolic syndrome and steatohepatitis were assessed after 20 weeks of Western diet feeding. RESULTS Intestinal α1-2-fucosylation was suppressed in WT mice after Western diet feeding, and supplementation of α1-2-fucosylated glycans exacerbated obesity and steatohepatitis in these mice. Fut2-deficient mice were protected from Western diet-induced features of obesity and steatohepatitis despite an increased caloric intake. These mice have increased energy expenditure and thermogenesis, as evidenced by a higher core body temperature. Protection from obesity and steatohepatitis associated with Fut2 deficiency is transmissible to WT mice via microbiota exchange; phenotypic differences between Western diet-fed WT and Fut2-deficient mice were reduced with antibiotic treatment. Fut2 deficiency attenuated diet-induced bile acid accumulation by altered relative abundance of bacterial enzyme 7-α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases metabolizing bile acids and by increased fecal excretion of secondary bile acids. This also was associated with increased intestinal farnesoid X receptor/fibroblast growth factor 15 signaling, which inhibits hepatic synthesis of bile acids. Dietary supplementation of α1-2-fucosylated glycans abrogates the protective effects of Fut2 deficiency. CONCLUSIONS α1-2-fucosylation is an important host-derived regulator of intestinal microbiota and plays an important role for the pathogenesis of obesity and steatohepatitis in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University and Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Hunan, Changsha, China; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Cristina Llorente
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jinling Cao
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, Taigu, China
| | - Livia S Zaramela
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Suling Zeng
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bei Gao
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Shang-Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ryan D Welch
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, San Diego, California
| | - Feng-Qing Huang
- The Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lian-Wen Qi
- The Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuyue Pan
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University and Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Pengchen Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University and Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Iris Beussen
- National Institutes of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Ying Zhang
- National Institutes of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, California; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Gregory Bryam
- National Institutes of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- National Institutes of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Lirui Wang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - E-Hu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruth T Yu
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, San Diego, California
| | - Michael Downes
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, San Diego, California
| | - Ronald M Evans
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, San Diego, California
| | | | | | - David A Brenner
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Lars Bode
- Department of Pediatrics and Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation Mother-Milk-Infant Center of Research Excellence, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Xuegong Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University and Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Karsten Zengler
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Bernd Schnabl
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Medicine, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Soejima M, Koda Y. Survey and characterization of nonfunctional alleles of FUT2 in a database. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3186. [PMID: 33542434 PMCID: PMC7862633 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82895-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of ABO antigens in human saliva is regulated by the FUT2 gene, which encodes a secretor type α(1,2)fucosyltransferase. Secretors express ABO substrates in saliva and non-secretors do not. Secretor status is an object of concern, especially for susceptibility to various infectious diseases. A multitude of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and copy number variations (CNVs) have been reported, and they show unique distributions among different populations. In this study, we selected 18 uncharacterized FUT2 alleles listed in the Erythrogene database and obtained genomic DNA having these alleles. We experimentally confirmed the haplotypes, but 10 of 18 alleles disagreed with those in the database, which may be attributed to their low frequency. We then examined the activity of the encoded α(1,2)fucosyltransferase for 13 alleles by flow cytometry of H antigen expression. The impact of each nonsynonymous SNP on the enzyme was also estimated by software. We finally identified two non-secretor alleles (se610and se357,856,863) and one weak secretor allele (se262,357), while in silico analysis predicted that many alleles impair the function. The present results suggest that correct haplotyping and functional assays are desirable for analysis of the FUT2 gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikiko Soejima
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Koda
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Farahmand M, Jalilvand S, Arashkia A, Izadi A, Forouzannia SM, Mollaei-Kandelous Y, Shoja Z. Estimation of genetic variation in the Secretor and Lewis genes in Iranian hospitalized children. Transfus Clin Biol 2021; 28:11-15. [PMID: 33301983 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Secretor (FUT2) and lewis gene (FUT3) are in charge of the construction of histo-blood group antigens, which act as a receptor for some Pathogenes. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of five significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Iranian children. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 102 blood samples collected from hospitalized children. The FUT2 gene region was amplified and sequenced to explore rs1047781 and rs601338, and the FUT3 gene region was amplified to explore rs28362459, rs812936, rs778986 SNPs. RESULTS In FUT2 gene, Se358,428 that produces Se phenotype with 63% (0.53 - 0.72) prevalence, was the most common genotype. For FUT3 gene Le59,202,314 with 80% prevalence was most common genotype (0.71 - 0.87). CONCLUSION This study genotyped Secretor and Lewis genes and designated SNPs' distinct distribution in Iran, and clarified at-risk groups for certain diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Farahmand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Jalilvand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arash Arashkia
- Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anahita Izadi
- Department of Pediatric Infectious diseases, Bahrami Children Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Zabihollah Shoja
- Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Soejima M, Koda Y. High-resolution melting analysis for detection of fusion allele of FUT2. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:315-318. [PMID: 33128385 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The secretor status of ABH antigens, determined by FUT2 polymorphisms, affects susceptibility to various infectious diseases. In addition to many SNPs responsible for the nonsecretor phenotype, five nonfunctional alleles (se) resulting from copy number variations have been reported. One of the five alleles generated by an unequal crossover between FUT2 and a pseudogene (SEC1), is sefus . This allele may be misidentified as a functional allele if only common inactivating SNPs are genotyped because it contains the 3' region of the functional FUT2. Therefore, accurate detection of sefus is desirable. For this purpose, a high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis is developed for detection of sefus in which a 284bp fragment of SEC1 and sefus but not FUT2, are amplified. This HRM analysis detected sefus reliably. Thus, an initial screening or prescreening for sefus using HRM analysis seems to be useful for association studies of FUT2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikiko Soejima
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Koda
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Rossouw E, Brauer M, Meyer P, du Plessis NM, Avenant T, Mans J. Virus Etiology, Diversity and Clinical Characteristics in South African Children Hospitalised with Gastroenteritis. Viruses 2021; 13:v13020215. [PMID: 33573340 PMCID: PMC7911269 DOI: 10.3390/v13020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral gastroenteritis remains a major cause of hospitalisation in young children. This study aimed to determine the distribution and diversity of enteric viruses in children ≤5 years, hospitalised with gastroenteritis at Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa, between July 2016 and December 2017. METHODS Stool specimens (n = 205) were screened for norovirus GI and GII, rotavirus, sapovirus, astrovirus and adenovirus by multiplex RT-PCR. HIV exposure and FUT2 secretor status were evaluated. Secretor status was determined by FUT2 genotyping. RESULTS At least one gastroenteritis virus was detected in 47% (96/205) of children. Rotavirus predominated (46/205), followed by norovirus (32/205), adenovirus (15/205), sapovirus (9/205) and astrovirus (3/205). Norovirus genotypes GI.3, GII.2, GII.3, GII.4, GII.7, GII.12, GII.21, and rotavirus strains G1P[8], G2P[4], G2P[6], G3P[4], G3P[8], G8P[4], G8P[6], G9P[6], G9P[8] and sapovirus genotypes GI.1, GI.2, GII.1, GII.4, GII.8 were detected; norovirus GII.4[P31] and rotavirus G3P[4] predominated. Asymptomatic norovirus infection (GI.3, GI.7, GII.4, GII.6, GII.13) was detected in 22% of 46 six-week follow up stools. HIV exposure (30%) was not associated with more frequent or severe viral gastroenteritis hospitalisations compared to unexposed children. Rotavirus preferentially infected secretor children (p = 0.143) and norovirus infected 78% secretors and 22% non-secretors. CONCLUSION Rotavirus was still the leading cause of gastroenteritis hospitalisations, but norovirus caused more severe symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esmari Rossouw
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Marieke Brauer
- Immunology Laboratory, Ampath, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Pieter Meyer
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa or
- National Health Laboratory Service, Tshwane Academic Division, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Nicolette M. du Plessis
- Department of Paediatrics, Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.M.d.P.); (T.A.)
| | - Theunis Avenant
- Department of Paediatrics, Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.M.d.P.); (T.A.)
| | - Janet Mans
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-12-319-2660
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Farahmand M, Jalilvand S, Arashkia A, Shahmahmoodi S, Afchangi A, Mollaei-Kandelous Y, Shoja Z. Association between circulating rotavirus genotypes and histo-blood group antigens in the children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Iran. J Med Virol 2021; 93:4817-4823. [PMID: 33463743 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Rotaviruses are the dominant cause of severe acute gastroenteritis in children under 5 years of age. Previous studies showed that some children are less susceptible to rotavirus gastroenteritis. It has been shown that this resistance depends on the rotavirus genotype and also human histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs), which works as a receptor for rotavirus surface protein (VP4). The present study aimed to evaluate the human genetic susceptibility to rotavirus gastroenteritis in Iran and to obtain a comparative analysis between rotavirus gastroenteritis and secretor or Lewis status in case and control groups in the Iranian population. The study was performed on fecal specimens from 108 children with acute rotavirus gastroenteritis from 2015 to 2017. A total of 50 fecal specimens from children with acute gastroenteritis of unknown etiology were also used as a control group. After the genotyping of positive rotavirus cases and human HBGAs by Sanger sequencing, the phylogenetic tree analysis showed that all rotavirus strains from Iran belonged to P[II]. The most common genotype was P[8] (n = 102; 94.4%), while the remaining belonged to P[4] (n = 3; 2.8%) and P[6] (n = 3; 2.8%) genotypes. The P[8] genotype was found to be associated with secretor and Lewis positive status (p < .05).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Farahmand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Jalilvand
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Arashkia
- Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shohreh Shahmahmoodi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Afchangi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zabihollah Shoja
- Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Pendu JL, Breiman A, Rocher J, Dion M, Ruvoën-Clouet N. ABO Blood Types and COVID-19: Spurious, Anecdotal, or Truly Important Relationships? A Reasoned Review of Available Data. Viruses 2021; 13:160. [PMID: 33499228 PMCID: PMC7911989 DOI: 10.3390/v13020160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the emergence of COVID-19, many publications have reported associations with ABO blood types. Despite between-study discrepancies, an overall consensus has emerged whereby blood group O appears associated with a lower risk of COVID-19, while non-O blood types appear detrimental. Two major hypotheses may explain these findings: First, natural anti-A and anti-B antibodies could be partially protective against SARS-CoV-2 virions carrying blood group antigens originating from non-O individuals. Second, O individuals are less prone to thrombosis and vascular dysfunction than non-O individuals and therefore could be at a lesser risk in case of severe lung dysfunction. Here, we review the literature on the topic in light of these hypotheses. We find that between-study variation may be explained by differences in study settings and that both mechanisms are likely at play. Moreover, as frequencies of ABO phenotypes are highly variable between populations or geographical areas, the ABO coefficient of variation, rather than the frequency of each individual phenotype is expected to determine impact of the ABO system on virus transmission. Accordingly, the ABO coefficient of variation correlates with COVID-19 prevalence. Overall, despite modest apparent risk differences between ABO subtypes, the ABO blood group system might play a major role in the COVID-19 pandemic when considered at the population level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Le Pendu
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France; (A.B.); (J.R.); (N.R.-C.)
| | - Adrien Breiman
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France; (A.B.); (J.R.); (N.R.-C.)
- CHU de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Jézabel Rocher
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France; (A.B.); (J.R.); (N.R.-C.)
| | - Michel Dion
- Microbiotes Hosts Antibiotics and Bacterial Resistances (MiHAR), Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Nathalie Ruvoën-Clouet
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France; (A.B.); (J.R.); (N.R.-C.)
- Oniris, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l’Alimentation, F-44307 Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Lin HY, Lai HH, Elaine Chen YF, Chao HC, Tsai CN, Chang YJ, Chen SY. Clinical significance of the fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) secretor status in children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc 2021; 120:212-216. [PMID: 32448707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The FUT2 gene is a histo-blood group antigen (HBGA) that determines the susceptibility to Norovirus (NoV) infection. This study investigated the clinical significance of the FUT2 gene profile and HBGA expression in NoV infection. METHODS Fecal specimens were collected from children in Chang-Gung Children's Hospital with acute gastroenteritis (AGE). The medical records were reviewed for clinical data. The viral etiology of gastroenteritis was validated using molecular methods. Genomic DNA was isolated from saliva or whole blood with the Puregene B Kit, according to the manufacturers' instructions. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were determined by real-time PCR assays. RESULTS FUT2 gene DNA was examined in 98 children with AGE. NoV was detected by RT-PCR in 44 patients (44.8%), while 54 (55.2%) had non-NoV AGE. Of the 44 NoV patients, 38 (86.3%) were secretors (no G428A mutation) and six (13.7%) were non-secretors (G428A mutation). Of the 54 non-NoV AGE patients, 28 (51.9%) were secretors and 20 (48.1%) were non-secretors. NoV-infected patients who were secretors had more frequent vomiting (P < 0.001), longer duration of diarrhea (P < 0.001), and greater overall disease severity score (P < 0.001) compared with non-secretors. Non-NoV infection secretor AGE patients had a longer duration of diarrhea (P < 0.001) than non-secretors. CONCLUSION FUT2 secretor status affects NoV AGE in children. Secretor patients have prolonged diarrhea, more frequent vomiting, more severe disease, and greater infection transmissibility than non-secretors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yeh Lin
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Hsiang Lai
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Ying Fang Elaine Chen
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, No.291, Zhongzheng Rd., Zhonghe District, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan.
| | - Hsun-Ching Chao
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Neu Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Jung Chang
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Yen Chen
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, No.291, Zhongzheng Rd., Zhonghe District, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Štambuk T, Gornik O. Protein Glycosylation in Diabetes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1325:285-305. [PMID: 34495541 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-70115-4_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by the presence of hyperglycaemia. Due to its high prevalence and substantial heterogeneity, many studies have been investigating markers that could identify predisposition for the disease development, differentiate between the various subtypes, establish early diagnosis, predict complications or represent novel therapeutic targets. N-glycans, complex oligosaccharide molecules covalently linked to proteins, emerged as potential markers and functional effectors of various diabetes subtypes, appearing to have the capacity to meet these requirements. For instance, it has been shown that N-glycome changes in patients with type 2 diabetes and that N-glycans can even identify individuals with an increased risk for its development. Moreover, genome-wide association studies identified glycosyltransferase genes as candidate causal genes for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. N-glycans have also been suggested to have a major role in preventing the impairment of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by modulating cell surface expression of glucose transporters. In this chapter we aimed to describe four major diabetes subtypes: type 1, type 2, gestational and monogenic diabetes, giving an overview of suggested role for N-glycosylation in their development, diagnosis and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Štambuk
- Genos, Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Olga Gornik
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Sánchez Luna M, Martin SC, Gómez-de-Orgaz CS. Human milk bank and personalized nutrition in the NICU: a narrative review. Eur J Pediatr 2021; 180:1327-1333. [PMID: 33244710 PMCID: PMC7691070 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-020-03887-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The number of infants born preterm including extremely premature babies is rising worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, which challenge neonatologists and milk banks for the provision of the most adequate nutrition for successful infant's growth and development. The benefits of mother's own milk (MOM) have been extensively recognized, but the use of donor milk (DM) is a commonly routine practice in preterm neonates admitted to the NICU. Pasteurized mature milk from milk banks is not the same composition than the mother's colostrum and premature milk, the characteristics of which protect the infant from the risk for necrotizing enterocolitis, late-onset sepsis, and other comorbidities associated with prematurity. The development of a personalized nutrition unit (PNU) allows to obtain DM from mothers who have their infants admitted to the NICU and produce an excess of milk, a practice that matches MOM by gestational age and the stage of lactation, ensuring an adequate composition of DM to target the nutritional requirements of premature infants.Conclusion: This narrative review presents salient data of our current knowledge and concerns regarding milk feeding of preterm infants in the NICU, with special emphasis on personalized DM as a result of establishing a PNU. What is Known: • Donor milk bank is mature or pooled milk from lactating mothers at different stages of lactation. • Milk composition varies by gestational age and stage of lactation. What is New: • Donor milk from mothers delivered prematurely have the most adequate composition for preterm infant feeding. • Personalized nutrition for premature infants with preterm donor milk is feasible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Sánchez Luna
- Neonatology Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense, C/ O'Donnell 48, E-28009, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sylvia Caballero Martin
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Neonatology Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense, C/ O’Donnell 48, E-28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Sánchez Gómez-de-Orgaz
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Neonatology Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense, C/ O’Donnell 48, E-28009 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Giampaoli O, Conta G, Calvani R, Miccheli A. Can the FUT2 Non-secretor Phenotype Associated With Gut Microbiota Increase the Children Susceptibility for Type 1 Diabetes? A Mini Review. Front Nutr 2020; 7:606171. [PMID: 33425974 PMCID: PMC7785815 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.606171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The global toll of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has steadily increased over the last decades. It is now widely acknowledged that T1D pathophysiology is more complex than expected. Indeed, a multifaceted interplay between genetic, metabolic, inflammatory and environmental factors exists that leads to heterogeneous clinical manifestations across individuals. Children with non-secretor phenotype and those affected by T1D share low abundance of bifidobacteria, low content of short-chain fatty acids, intestinal phosphatase alkaline and a high incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases. In this context, host-gut microbiota dyad may represent a relevant contributor to T1D development and progression due to its crucial role in shaping host immunity and susceptibility to autoimmune conditions. The FUT2 gene is responsible for the composition and functional properties of glycans in mucosal tissues and bodily secretions, including human milk. FUT2 polymorphisms may profoundly influence gut microbiota composition and host susceptibility to viral infections and chronic inflammatory disease. In this minireview, the possible interplay between mothers' phenotype, host FUT2 genetic background and gut microbiota composition will be discussed in perspective of the T1D onset. The study of FUT2-gut microbiota interaction may add a new piece on the puzzling T1D etiology and unveil novel targets of intervention to contrast T1D development and progression. Dietary interventions, including the intake of α-(1, 2)-fucosyl oligosaccharides in formula milk and the use of specific prebiotics and probiotics, could be hypothesized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ottavia Giampaoli
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,NMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Conta
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,NMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'Agostino Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Miccheli
- NMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Wang JX, Chen LN, Zhang CJ, Zhou HL, Zhang YH, Zhang XJ, Hao ZY, Qiu C, Ma JC, Zhao YL, Zhong W, Tan M, Jiang X, Wang SM, Wang XY. Genetic susceptibility to rotavirus infection in Chinese children: a population-based case-control study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 17:1803-1810. [PMID: 33295824 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1835121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotaviruses (RVs) are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in children, while histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) are believed to be host attachment and susceptibility factors of RVs. A large case-control study nested in a population-based diarrhea surveillance targeting children <5 y of age was performed in rural Hebei province, north China. Saliva and serum samples were collected from all participants to determine HBGA phenotyping, FUT2 mutations, and RV IgG antibody titers. A logistic model was employed to assess the association between host HBGA secretor status and risk of RV infection. Among 235 RV cases and 680 non-diarrhea controls studied, 82.4% of participants were IgG positive by an average age of 77 months. Out of the 235 RV cases, 216 (91.9%) were secretors, whereas the secretor rate was 76.3% in the non-diarrhea controls, resulted in an adjusted OR of 3.0 (95%CI: 1.9-4.7, P < .0001) between the two groups. Our population-based case-control study indicated a strong association between host HBGA secretor status and risk of RV infection in Chinese children. The high prevalence of Lewis-positive secretor status strongly suggests that Chinese children may be genetically susceptible to current co-circulating RV strains, and thus, a universal childhood immunization program against RV disease should be successful in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Xia Wang
- Key Laboratory Medical Molecular Virology, MoE/MoH, and the Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Na Chen
- Key Laboratory Medical Molecular Virology, MoE/MoH, and the Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Can-Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory Medical Molecular Virology, MoE/MoH, and the Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Lu Zhou
- Key Laboratory Medical Molecular Virology, MoE/MoH, and the Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Hong Zhang
- Department of Hepatitis, Zhengding County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengding, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Jiang Zhang
- Department of Hepatitis, Zhengding County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengding, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Yong Hao
- Department of Hepatitis, Zhengding County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengding, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Qiu
- Key Laboratory Medical Molecular Virology, MoE/MoH, and the Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Chen Ma
- Vaccine Clinical Research Institute,Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Liang Zhao
- Vaccine Clinical Research Institute,Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiming Zhong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ming Tan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, OH, USA
| | - Xi Jiang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, OH, USA
| | - Song-Mei Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Training Center of Medical Experiments, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan-Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory Medical Molecular Virology, MoE/MoH, and the Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Lefebvre G, Shevlyakova M, Charpagne A, Marquis J, Vogel M, Kirsten T, Kiess W, Austin S, Sprenger N, Binia A. Time of Lactation and Maternal Fucosyltransferase Genetic Polymorphisms Determine the Variability in Human Milk Oligosaccharides. Front Nutr 2020; 7:574459. [PMID: 33195368 PMCID: PMC7658960 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.574459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) vary among mothers and genetic factors contribute to this variability. We assessed changes in HMO concentrations during the first year of lactation and the relationship with FUT2 Secretor group and FUT3 Lewis group defining genetic polymorphisms. Methods: Milk samples were collected from lactating mothers participating in the LIFE Child cohort in Leipzig, Germany. The concentrations of 24 HMOs in milk samples collected at 3 months (N = 156), 6 months (N = 122), and 12 months (N = 28) were measured using liquid chromatography. Concentrations of HMOs were compared at all time-points and were tested for their associations with FUT2 and FUT3 genetic variations by sPLS regression. Results: FUT2 SNP rs601338 was found to predominantly define the Secretor status Se-: 11.8% and it was highly correlated with 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL, p < 0.001) and lacto-N-fucosylpentaose-I (LNFP-I, p < 0.001). FUT3 SNPs rs28362459 and rs812936 were found to define Lewis status (Le-: 5.9%) and correlated with lacto-N-fucosylpentaose-II (LNFP-II, p < 0.001). A polygenic score predicted the abundance of 2'FL levels within Secretors' milk (adj. R 2 = 0.58, p < 0.001). Mean concentrations of most of the individual HMOs, as well as the sums of the measured HMOs, the fucosylated HMOs, and the neutral HMOs were lower at 6 and 12 months compared to 3 months (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Secretor and Lewis status defined by specific FUT2 and FUT3 SNPs are confirmed to be good proxies for specific individual HMOs and milk group variabilities. The polygenic score developed here is an opportunity for clinicians to predict 2'FL levels in milk of future mothers. These results show opportunities to strengthen our understanding of factors controlling FUT2 and FUT3 functionality, the temporal changes and variability of HMO composition during lactation and eventually their significance for infant development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Lefebvre
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA-Nestlé Research, Ecole Polytechnique Fédéral de Lausanne Innovation Park, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maya Shevlyakova
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA-Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aline Charpagne
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA-Nestlé Research, Ecole Polytechnique Fédéral de Lausanne Innovation Park, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Marquis
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA-Nestlé Research, Ecole Polytechnique Fédéral de Lausanne Innovation Park, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mandy Vogel
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center of Paediatrc Research, LIFE Forschungszentrum für Zivilisationserkrankungen, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - Toralf Kirsten
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center of Paediatrc Research, LIFE Forschungszentrum für Zivilisationserkrankungen, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center of Paediatrc Research, LIFE Forschungszentrum für Zivilisationserkrankungen, Medizinische Fakultät, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - Sean Austin
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA-Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Norbert Sprenger
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA-Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aristea Binia
- Société des Produits Nestlé SA-Nestlé Research, Ecole Polytechnique Fédéral de Lausanne Innovation Park, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
FUT2 Secretor Status Influences Susceptibility to VP4 Strain-Specific Rotavirus Infections in South African Children. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9100795. [PMID: 32992488 PMCID: PMC7601103 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9100795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastroenteritis is a preventable cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Rotavirus vaccination has significantly reduced the disease burden, but the sub-optimal vaccine efficacy observed in low-income regions needs improvement. Rotavirus VP4 'spike' proteins interact with FUT2-defined, human histo-blood group antigens on mucosal surfaces, potentially influencing strain circulation and the efficacy of P[8]-based rotavirus vaccines. Secretor status was investigated in 500 children <5 years-old hospitalised with diarrhoea, including 250 previously genotyped rotavirus-positive cases (P[8] = 124, P[4] = 86, and P[6] = 40), and 250 rotavirus-negative controls. Secretor status genotyping detected the globally prevalent G428A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and was confirmed by Sanger sequencing in 10% of participants. The proportions of secretors in rotavirus-positive cases (74%) were significantly higher than in the rotavirus-negative controls (58%; p < 0.001). The rotavirus genotypes P[8] and P[4] were observed at significantly higher proportions in secretors (78%) than in non-secretors (22%), contrasting with P[6] genotypes with similar proportions amongst secretors (53%) and non-secretors (47%; p = 0.001). This suggests that rotavirus interacts with secretors and non-secretors in a VP4 strain-specific manner; thus, secretor status may partially influence rotavirus VP4 wild-type circulation and P[8] rotavirus vaccine efficacy. The study detected a mutation (rs1800025) ~50 bp downstream of the G428A SNP that would overestimate non-secretors in African populations when using the TaqMan® SNP Genotyping Assay.
Collapse
|
68
|
From lab bench to formulated ingredient: Characterization, production, and commercialization of human milk oligosaccharides. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
|
69
|
Komorniak N, Martynova-Van Kley A, Nalian A, Wardziukiewicz W, Skonieczna-Żydecka K, Styburski D, Palma J, Kowalewski B, Kaseja K, Stachowska E. Can the FUT 2 Gene Variant Have an Effect on the Body Weight of Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery?-Preliminary, Exploratory Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2621. [PMID: 32872099 PMCID: PMC7551162 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The FUT2 gene (Se gene) encoding the enzyme α-1,2-L-fucosyltransferase 2 seems to have a significant effect on the number and type of bacteria colonizing the intestines. METHODS In a group of 19 patients after bariatric surgery, the polymorphism (rs601338) of FUT2 gene was analyzed in combination with body mass reduction, intestinal microbiome (16S RNA sequencing), and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) measurements in stools. RESULTS Among the secretors (Se/Se polymorphism of the FUT2 gene rs601338, carriers of GG variant), correlations between waist-hip ratio (WHR) and propionate content and an increase in Prevotella, Escherichia, Shigella, and Bacteroides were observed. On the other hand-in non-secretors (carriers of GA and AA variants)-higher abundance of Enterobacteriaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Clostridiales was recorded. CONCLUSIONS The increased concentrations of propionate observed among the GG variants of FUT 2 may be used as an additional source of energy for the patient and may have a higher risk of increasing the WHR than carriers of the other variants (GA and AA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Komorniak
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland; (N.K.); (W.W.); (K.S.-Ż.); (D.S.); (J.P.)
| | | | - Armen Nalian
- Department of Biology, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA; (A.M.-V.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Wiktoria Wardziukiewicz
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland; (N.K.); (W.W.); (K.S.-Ż.); (D.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland; (N.K.); (W.W.); (K.S.-Ż.); (D.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Daniel Styburski
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland; (N.K.); (W.W.); (K.S.-Ż.); (D.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Joanna Palma
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland; (N.K.); (W.W.); (K.S.-Ż.); (D.S.); (J.P.)
| | - Bartosz Kowalewski
- Independent Provincial Public Hospital Complex in Szczecin—Zdunowo, 70-891 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Kaseja
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, Independent Public Clinical Hospital No.2, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Ewa Stachowska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland; (N.K.); (W.W.); (K.S.-Ż.); (D.S.); (J.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
N-glycans as functional effectors of genetic and epigenetic disease risk. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 79:100891. [PMID: 32861467 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
N-glycosylation is a frequent modification of proteins, essential for all domains of life. N-glycan biosynthesis is a dynamic, complex, non-templated process, wherein specific glycoforms are modulated by various microenvironmental cues, cellular signals and local availability of dedicated enzymes and sugar precursors. This intricate regulatory network comprises hundreds of proteins, whose activity is dependent on both sequence of implicated genes and the regulation of their expression. In this regard, variation in N-glycosylation patterns stems from either gene polymorphisms or from stable epigenetic regulation of gene expression in different individuals. Moreover, epigenome alters in response to various environmental factors, representing a direct link between environmental exposure and changes in gene expression, that are subsequently reflected through altered N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation itself has a fundamental role in numerous biological processes, ranging from protein folding, cellular homeostasis, adhesion and immune regulation, to the effector functions in multiple diseases. Moreover, specific modification of the glycan structure can modulate glycoprotein's biological function or direct the faith of the entire cell, as seen on the examples of antibodies and T cells, respectively. Since immunoglobulin G is one of the most profoundly studied glycoproteins in general, the focus of this review will be on its N-glycosylation changes and their functional implications. By deepening the knowledge on the mechanistic roles that certain glycoforms exert in differential pathological processes, valuable insight into molecular perturbations occurring during disease development could be obtained. The prospect of resolving the exact biological pathways involved offers a potential for the development of new therapeutic interventions and molecular tools that would aid in prognosis, early referral and timely treatment of multiple disease conditions.
Collapse
|
71
|
Mank M, Hauner H, Heck AJR, Stahl B. Targeted LC-ESI-MS 2 characterization of human milk oligosaccharide diversity at 6 to 16 weeks post-partum reveals clear staging effects and distinctive milk groups. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:6887-6907. [PMID: 32794008 PMCID: PMC7496073 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02819-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Many molecular components in human milk (HM), such as human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), assist in the healthy development of infants. It has been hypothesized that the functional benefits of HM may be highly dependent on the abundance and individual fine structures of contained HMOs and that distinctive HM groups can be defined by their HMO profiles. However, the structural diversity and abundances of individual HMOs may also vary between milk donors and at different stages of lactations. Improvements in efficiency and selectivity of quantitative HMO analysis are essential to further expand our understanding about the impact of HMO variations on healthy early life development. Hence, we applied here a targeted, highly selective, and semi-quantitative LC-ESI-MS2 approach by analyzing 2 × 30 mature human milk samples collected at 6 and 16 weeks post-partum. The analytical approach covered the most abundant HMOs up to hexasaccharides and, for the first time, also assigned blood group A and B tetrasaccharides. Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed and allowed for automatic grouping and assignment of human milk samples to four human milk groups which are related to the maternal Secretor (Se) and Lewis (Le) genotypes. We found that HMO diversity varied significantly between these four HM groups. Variations were driven by HMOs being either dependent or independent of maternal genetic Se and Le status. We found preliminary evidence for an additional HM subgroup within the Se- and Le-positive HM group I. Furthermore, the abundances of 6 distinct HMO structures (including 6'-SL and 3-FL) changed significantly with progression of lactation. Graphical abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Mank
- Danone Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Hans Hauner
- Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.,Nutritional Medicine Unit, Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences (ZIEL), Technische Universität München, Weihenstephaner Berg 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Albert J R Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bernd Stahl
- Danone Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Rausell A, Luo Y, Lopez M, Seeleuthner Y, Rapaport F, Favier A, Stenson PD, Cooper DN, Patin E, Casanova JL, Quintana-Murci L, Abel L. Common homozygosity for predicted loss-of-function variants reveals both redundant and advantageous effects of dispensable human genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:13626-13636. [PMID: 32487729 PMCID: PMC7306792 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1917993117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans homozygous or hemizygous for variants predicted to cause a loss of function (LoF) of the corresponding protein do not necessarily present with overt clinical phenotypes. We report here 190 autosomal genes with 207 predicted LoF variants, for which the frequency of homozygous individuals exceeds 1% in at least one human population from five major ancestry groups. No such genes were identified on the X and Y chromosomes. Manual curation revealed that 28 variants (15%) had been misannotated as LoF. Of the 179 remaining variants in 166 genes, only 11 alleles in 11 genes had previously been confirmed experimentally to be LoF. The set of 166 dispensable genes was enriched in olfactory receptor genes (41 genes). The 41 dispensable olfactory receptor genes displayed a relaxation of selective constraints similar to that observed for other olfactory receptor genes. The 125 dispensable nonolfactory receptor genes also displayed a relaxation of selective constraints consistent with greater redundancy. Sixty-two of these 125 genes were found to be dispensable in at least three human populations, suggesting possible evolution toward pseudogenes. Of the 179 LoF variants, 68 could be tested for two neutrality statistics, and 8 displayed robust signals of positive selection. These latter variants included a known FUT2 variant that confers resistance to intestinal viruses, and an APOL3 variant involved in resistance to parasitic infections. Overall, the identification of 166 genes for which a sizeable proportion of humans are homozygous for predicted LoF alleles reveals both redundancies and advantages of such deficiencies for human survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Rausell
- Clinical Bioinformatics Laboratory, INSERM UMR1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France;
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Yufei Luo
- Clinical Bioinformatics Laboratory, INSERM UMR1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marie Lopez
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR2000, CNRS, Paris 75015, France
| | - Yoann Seeleuthner
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Franck Rapaport
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Antoine Favier
- Clinical Bioinformatics Laboratory, INSERM UMR1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Peter D Stenson
- Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - David N Cooper
- Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Etienne Patin
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR2000, CNRS, Paris 75015, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France;
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10065
- Pediatric Hematology and Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Lluis Quintana-Murci
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR2000, CNRS, Paris 75015, France
- Human Genomics and Evolution, Collège de France, Paris 75005, France
| | - Laurent Abel
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France;
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Soejima M, Koda Y. FUT2 polymorphism in Latin American populations. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 505:1-5. [PMID: 32070726 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The secretor type α(1,2)fucosyltransferase gene (FUT2) is known to be rich in population-specific polymorphisms. However, genetic variations of FUT2 have not been well examined in Latin American populations in which nonsecretors are rare. METHODS Conventional polymerase chain reactions and direct sequencing were performed to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and copy number variations (CNVs) of FUT2 in Mexicans including Americans of Mexican ancestry, Puerto Ricans, Caribbeans, and Colombians. FUT2 alleles were determined by cloning into plasmids or PHASE software. The impact of uncharacterized missense SNPs on the enzyme activity were examined by transient transfection assays and estimated by several software programs. RESULTS Three alleles, Se357, Se, and se428, were common, and the frequency of nonsecretors was relatively low in the studied populations. We also encountered several alleles specific to Africans, Europeans, and South and East Asians including a South Asian-specific sedel. In contrast to the in silico prediction, a transient expression study suggested that both of two missense SNPs, 235G > A and 304G > A, did not impair the enzyme activity. CONCLUSIONS The allelic polymorphism of FUT2 suggests that the modern Latin American populations were formed via genetic admixture among Native Americans and populations whose ancestors migrated from other continents. In this study, we have observed a discrepancy between in silico and functional analyses for FUT2 for the first time. Therefore, experimental functional analysis is required for evaluation of SNPs of FUT2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikiko Soejima
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Koda
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Relationship between ABO blood groups and cardiovascular disease in type 1 diabetes according to diabetic nephropathy status. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2020; 19:68. [PMID: 32429911 PMCID: PMC7238526 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-020-01038-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background ABO blood groups have previously been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population. This study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between ABO blood groups and CVD in individuals with type 1 diabetes according to diabetic nephropathy (DN) status. Methods Adults with type 1 diabetes (4531 individuals) from the FinnDiane Study were evaluated. DN was determined by two out of three measurements of urinary albumin excretion rate. Albuminuria was defined as an excretion rate above 20 µg/min. CVD events were identified by linking the data with the Finnish Care Register for Health Care and the Finnish Cause of Death Register. Follow-up ranged from the baseline visit until a CVD event, death or the end of 2017. The impact of ABO blood groups on CVD risk was estimated by multivariable Cox-regression analyses adjusted for traditional risk factors. Results At baseline, the median age was 38.5 (IQR 29.2–47.9) years, 47.5% were female and median duration of diabetes was 20.9 (11.4–30.7) years. There were 893 incident ischemic heart disease (IHD) events, 301 ischemic strokes (IS), and 415 peripheral artery disease (PAD) events during a median follow up of 16.5 (IQR 12.8–18.6) years. The A blood group showed the highest risk of IHD versus the O blood group, when microalbuminuria was present. Comparing the population with microalbuminuria with those with normoalbuminuria, only the A blood group elevated the risk of IHD. This increased risk was neither explained by the FUT2 secretor phenotype nor by the A-genotype distribution. The risk of IS or PAD was no different among the ABO blood groups regardless of diabetic nephropathy stage. Conclusion The A blood group is a risk factor for IHD in individuals with type 1 diabetes and microalbuminuria.
Collapse
|
75
|
Chouraqui JP. Does the contribution of human milk oligosaccharides to the beneficial effects of breast milk allow us to hope for an improvement in infant formulas? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:1503-1514. [PMID: 32393048 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1761772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human milk is a source of nutrients and contains many distinct bioactive components. Among these, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have attracted considerable attention and are being investigated as a "novel foods". Human milk is unique in its oligosaccharide composition. Recent research has focused on the complexity of HMOs by highlighting their diversity, structural variability, concentration variance, and structure-function relationships. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that HMOs drive infant gut microbiota, improve intestinal barrier functions, and modulate cell receptor signaling, thereby contributing to the development of infant immunity. These studies, combined with epidemiological data, indicate that some HMO may confer health benefits by preventing infections and diseases such as necrotizing enterocolitis and allergies. However, randomized controlled trials are restricted to structurally simple compounds such as 2' fucosyllactose and lacto-N-neotetraose. More controlled clinical trials are needed to justify routine supplementation of formula. It is felt that a better understanding of the role of HMOs leading to the development of inexpensive methods for large-scale HMO production is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Chouraqui
- Division of Pediatrics, Woman, Mother and Child Department, Pediatric Nutrition and Gastroenterology Unit, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Jain N. The Need for Personalized Approaches to Microbiome Modulation. Front Public Health 2020; 8:144. [PMID: 32411648 PMCID: PMC7200995 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nita Jain
- Independent Researcher, Lilburn, GA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Cantelli CP, Velloso AJ, Assis RMSD, Barros JJ, Mello FCDA, Cunha DCD, Brasil P, Nordgren J, Svensson L, Miagostovich MP, Leite JPG, Moraes MTBD. Rotavirus A shedding and HBGA host genetic susceptibility in a birth community-cohort, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2014-2018. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6965. [PMID: 32332841 PMCID: PMC7181595 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have investigated whether the human histo-blood group antigen (HBGAs) could affect the effectiveness of the oral rotavirus vaccines, suggesting secretor positive individuals develop a more robust response. We investigated the Rotavirus A (RVA) shedding in association with the host susceptibility profile in children from a birth community-cohort in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 2014 to 2018. A total of 132 children were followed-up between 0 to 11-month-old, stool samples were collected before/after the 1st/2nd RV1 vaccination doses and saliva samples were collected during the study. RVA shedding was screened by RT-qPCR and G/P genotypes determined by multiplex RT-PCR and/or Sanger nucleotide sequencing. The sequencing indicated an F167L amino acid change in the RV1 VP8* P[8] in 20.5% of shedding follow-ups and these mutant subpopulations were quantified by pyrosequencing. The HBGA/secretor status was determined and 80.3% of the children were secretors. Twenty-one FUT2 gene SNPs were identified and two new mutations were observed. The mutant F167L RV1 VP8* P[8] was detected significantly more in Le (a+b+) secretors (90.5%) compared to non-secretors and even to secretors Le (a-b+) (9.5%). The study highlights the probable association between RV1 shedding and HBGAs as a marker for evaluating vaccine strain host susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Pacheco Cantelli
- Immunobiological Technology Institute/Bio-Manguinhos, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Alvaro Jorge Velloso
- Immunobiological Technology Institute/Bio-Manguinhos, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rosane Maria Santos de Assis
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Júnior Barros
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Denise Cotrim da Cunha
- Sérgio Arouca National School of Public Health, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Brasil
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Johan Nordgren
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lennart Svensson
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marize Pereira Miagostovich
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - José Paulo Gagliardi Leite
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcia Terezinha Baroni de Moraes
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Do Blood Group Antigens and the Red Cell Membrane Influence Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection? Cells 2020; 9:cells9040845. [PMID: 32244465 PMCID: PMC7226767 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of blood group antigens varies across human populations and geographical regions due to natural selection and the influence of environment factors and disease. The red cell membrane is host to numerous surface antigens which are able to influence susceptibility to disease, by acting as receptors for pathogens, or by influencing the immune response. Investigations have shown that Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) can bind and gain entry into erythrocytes, and therefore it is hypothesized that blood groups could play a role in this process. The ABO blood group has been well studied. However, its role in HIV susceptibility remains controversial, while other blood group antigens, and the secretor status of individuals, have been implicated. The Duffy antigen is a chemokine receptor that is important in the inflammatory response. Those who lack this antigen, and type as Duffy null, could therefore be susceptible to HIV infection, especially if associated with neutropenia. Other antigens including those in the Rh, Lutheran and OK blood group systems have all been shown to interact with HIV. More recently, experiments show that cells which overexpress the Pk antigen appear to be protected against infection. These reports all demonstrate that red cell antigens interact and influence HIV infection. However, as the red cell membrane is complex and the pathogenesis of HIV multi-factorial, the role of blood group antigens cannot be studied in isolation.
Collapse
|
79
|
Boniface K, Byars SG, Cowley D, Kirkwood CD, Bines JE. Human Neonatal Rotavirus Vaccine (RV3-BB) Produces Vaccine Take Irrespective of Histo-Blood Group Antigen Status. J Infect Dis 2020; 221:1070-1078. [PMID: 31763671 PMCID: PMC7075413 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND VP4 [P] genotype binding specificities of rotaviruses and differential expression of histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) between populations may contribute to reduced efficacy against severe rotavirus disease. P[6]-based rotavirus vaccines could broaden protection in such settings, particularly in Africa, where the Lewis-negative phenotype and P[6] rotavirus strains are common. METHODS The association between HBGA status and G3P[6] rotavirus vaccine (RV3-BB) take was investigated in a phase 2A study of RV3-BB vaccine involving 46 individuals in Dunedin, New Zealand, during 2012-2014. FUT2 and FUT3 genotypes were determined from DNA extracted from stool specimens, and frequencies of positive cumulative vaccine take, defined as an RV3-BB serum immune response (either immunoglobulin A or serum neutralizing antibody) and/or stool excretion of the vaccine strain, stratified by HBGA status were determined. RESULTS RV3-BB produced positive cumulative vaccine take in 29 of 32 individuals (91%) who expressed a functional FUT2 enzyme (the secretor group), 13 of 13 (100%) who were FUT2 null (the nonsecretor group), and 1 of 1 with reduced FUT2 activity (i.e., a weak secretor); in 37 of 40 individuals (93%) who expressed a functional FUT3 enzyme (the Lewis-positive group) and 3 of 3 who were FUT3 null (the Lewis-negative group); and in 25 of 28 Lewis-positive secretors (89%), 12 of 12 Lewis-positive nonsecretors (100%), 2 of 2 Lewis-negative secretors, and 1 of 1 Lewis-negative weak secretor. CONCLUSIONS RV3-BB produced positive cumulative vaccine take irrespective of HBGA status. RV3-BB has the potential to provide an improved level of protection in settings where P[6] rotavirus disease is endemic, irrespective of the HBGA profile of the population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Boniface
- Enteric Diseases Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sean G Byars
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Seattle, Washington
| | - Daniel Cowley
- Enteric Diseases Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Seattle, Washington
| | - Carl D Kirkwood
- Enteric Diseases Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Seattle, Washington
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington
| | - Julie E Bines
- Enteric Diseases Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Williams FB, Kader A, Colgate ER, Dickson DM, Carmolli M, Uddin MI, Sharmin S, Islam S, Bhuiyan TR, Alam M, Nayak U, Mychaleckyj JC, Petri WA, Haque R, Qadri F, Kirkpatrick BD, Lee B. Maternal Secretor Status Affects Oral Rotavirus Vaccine Response in Breastfed Infants in Bangladesh. J Infect Dis 2020; 224:1147-1151. [PMID: 32157282 PMCID: PMC8561252 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Secretor status controls mucosal histoblood group antigen expression and is associated with susceptibility to rotavirus diarrhea, with non-secretors less susceptible to symptomatic infection. The role of breast milk secretor status on oral live-attenuated rotavirus vaccine response in breastfed infants has not been explored. In a monovalent G1P[8] rotavirus vaccine (RotarixTM) trial in Bangladesh, rotavirus-specific plasma IgA antibody seroconversion rates were higher among infants of maternal non-secretors (39% vs 23%, P=0.001). Maternal status remained a significant predictor when correcting for infant status (P=0.002). Maternal secretor status should be considered when interpreting oral rotavirus vaccine responses in low- and middle-income settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank B Williams
- The University of Vermont Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont; Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Abdul Kader
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh; Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - E Ross Colgate
- The University of Vermont Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont; Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Dorothy M Dickson
- The University of Vermont Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont; Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Marya Carmolli
- The University of Vermont Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont; Burlington, VT, USA
| | | | - Salma Sharmin
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh; Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shahidul Islam
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh; Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Masud Alam
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh; Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Uma Nayak
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia; Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Josyf C Mychaleckyj
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia; Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - William A Petri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia; Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Rashidul Haque
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh; Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Firdausi Qadri
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh; Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Beth D Kirkpatrick
- The University of Vermont Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont; Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Benjamin Lee
- The University of Vermont Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont; Burlington, VT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Sharma S, Hagbom M, Carlsson B, Nederby Öhd J, Insulander M, Eriksson R, Simonsson M, Widerström M, Nordgren J. Secretor Status is Associated with Susceptibility to Disease in a Large GII.6 Norovirus Foodborne Outbreak. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2020; 12:28-34. [PMID: 31664650 PMCID: PMC7052033 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-019-09410-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Norovirus is commonly associated with food and waterborne outbreaks. Genetic susceptibility to norovirus is largely dependent on presence of histo-blood group antigens (HBGA), specifically ABO, secretor, and Lewis phenotypes. The aim of the study was to determine the association between HBGAs to norovirus susceptibility during a large norovirus foodborne outbreak linked to genotype GII.6 in an office-based company in Stockholm, Sweden, 2015. A two-episode outbreak with symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting occurred in 2015. An online questionnaire was sent to all 1109 employees that had worked during the first outbreak episode. Food and water samples were collected from in-house restaurant and tested for bacterial and viral pathogens. In addition, fecal samples were collected from 8 employees that had diarrhea. To investigate genetic susceptibility during the outbreak, 98 saliva samples were analyzed for ABO, secretor, and Lewis phenotypes using ELISA. A total of 542 of 1109 (49%) employees reported gastrointestinal symptoms. All 8 fecal samples tested positive for GII norovirus, which was also detected in coleslaw collected from the in-house restaurant. Eating at the in-house restaurant was significantly associated with risk of symptom development. Nucleotide sequencing was successful for 5/8 fecal samples and all belonged to the GII.6 genotype. HBGA characterization showed a strong secretor association to norovirus-related symptoms (P = 0.014). No association between norovirus disease and ABO phenotypes was observed. The result of this study shows that non-secretors were significantly less likely to report symptoms in a large foodborne outbreak linked to the emerging GII.6 norovirus strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Sharma
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marie Hagbom
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Beatrice Carlsson
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Joanna Nederby Öhd
- Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mona Insulander
- Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ronnie Eriksson
- European Union Reference Laboratory (EURL) for Foodborne Viruses, National Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Magnus Simonsson
- European Union Reference Laboratory (EURL) for Foodborne Viruses, National Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Micael Widerström
- Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Johan Nordgren
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Le Pendu J, Ruvoën-Clouet N. Fondness for sugars of enteric viruses confronts them with human glycans genetic diversity. Hum Genet 2019; 139:903-910. [DOI: 10.1007/s00439-019-02090-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
83
|
Influence of histo blood group antigen expression on susceptibility to enteric viruses and vaccines. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2019; 32:445-452. [DOI: 10.1097/qco.0000000000000571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
84
|
Samuel TM, Binia A, de Castro CA, Thakkar SK, Billeaud C, Agosti M, Al-Jashi I, Costeira MJ, Marchini G, Martínez-Costa C, Picaud JC, Stiris T, Stoicescu SM, Vanpeé M, Domellöf M, Austin S, Sprenger N. Impact of maternal characteristics on human milk oligosaccharide composition over the first 4 months of lactation in a cohort of healthy European mothers. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11767. [PMID: 31409852 PMCID: PMC6692355 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48337-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) composition varies among lactating mothers and changes during the course of lactation period. Interindividual variation is largely driven by fucosyltransferase (FUT2 and FUT3) polymorphisms resulting in 4 distinct milk groups. Little is known regarding whether maternal physiological status contributes to HMO variability. We characterized the trajectories of 20 major HMOs and explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), mode of delivery, or parity may affect milk HMO composition. Using longitudinal breastmilk samples from healthy mothers (n = 290) across 7 European countries, we characterized HMO composion and employed mixed linear models to explore associations of maternal characteristics with individual HMOs. We observed HMO-specific temporal trajectories and milk group dependencies. We observed relatively small but significant differences in HMO concentrations based on maternal ppBMI, mode of delivery and parity. Our findings suggest that HMO composition to be regulated time-dependently by an enzyme as well as substrate availability and that ppBMI, mode of delivery, and parity may influence maternal physiology to affect glycosylation marginally within the initital period of lactation. Our observational study is the largest European standardized and longitudinal (up to 4 months) milk collection study assessing HMO concentrations and basic maternal characteristics. Time of lactation and milk groups had the biggest impact on HMO variation. Future studies need to elucidate these observations and assess the physiological significance for the breastfed infant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tinu Mary Samuel
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aristea Binia
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Sagar K Thakkar
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Isam Al-Jashi
- Al Jashi Isam Private Med. Practice, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sean Austin
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Norbert Sprenger
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Hao H, Zhu L, Faden HS. The milk-based diet of infancy and the gut microbiome. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2019; 7:246-249. [PMID: 31413830 PMCID: PMC6688733 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goz031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition and the diversity of the gut microbiome play a major role in the health and well-being of humans beginning at birth. The impact of the diet on the structure and the function of the gut microbiome is evident by the changes in the gut microbiome concurrent with the transition from human milk to solid food. Complex oligosaccharides contained in milk are essential nutrients for commensal microbes in the infant gut. The most important commensal bacterium in the infant gut, bifidobacterium, requires α1, 2 fucosylated oligosaccharides for growth. Because not all humans are able to secrete α1, 2 fucosylated oligosaccharides into milk, the gut microbiome of infants and bifidobacteria, in particular, vary considerably between ‘secretors’ and ‘non-secretors’. A paucity of α1, 2 fucosylated oligosaccharides and bifidobacteria in the gut of infants may be associated with poor health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Hao
- Division of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Zhu
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Biochemistry, Genome, Environment and Microbiome Community of Excellence, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Howard S Faden
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Vlasova AN, Takanashi S, Miyazaki A, Rajashekara G, Saif LJ. How the gut microbiome regulates host immune responses to viral vaccines. Curr Opin Virol 2019; 37:16-25. [PMID: 31163292 PMCID: PMC6863389 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The co-evolution of the microbiota and immune system has forged a mutually beneficial relationship. This relationship allows the host to maintain the balance between active immunity to pathogens and vaccines and tolerance to self-antigens and food antigens. In children living in low-income and middle-income countries, undernourishment and repetitive gastrointestinal infections are associated with the failure of oral vaccines. Intestinal dysbiosis associated with these environmental influences, as well as some host-related factors, compromises immune responses and negatively impacts vaccine efficacy. To understand how immune responses to viral vaccines can be optimally modulated, mechanistic studies of the relationship between the microbiome, host genetics, viral infections and the development and function of the immune system are needed. We discuss the potential role of the microbiome in modulating vaccine responses in the context of a growing understanding of the relationship between the gastrointestinal microbiota, host related factors (including histo-blood group antigens) and resident immune cell populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia N Vlasova
- Food Animal Health Research Program, CFAES, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA.
| | - Sayaka Takanashi
- Food Animal Health Research Program, CFAES, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ayako Miyazaki
- Division of Viral Disease and Epidemiology, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
| | - Gireesh Rajashekara
- Food Animal Health Research Program, CFAES, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Linda J Saif
- Food Animal Health Research Program, CFAES, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Zhang SY, Jouanguy E, Zhang Q, Abel L, Puel A, Casanova JL. Human inborn errors of immunity to infection affecting cells other than leukocytes: from the immune system to the whole organism. Curr Opin Immunol 2019; 59:88-100. [PMID: 31121434 PMCID: PMC6774828 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Studies of vertebrate immunity have traditionally focused on professional cells, including circulating and tissue-resident leukocytes. Evidence that non-professional cells are also intrinsically essential (i.e. not via their effect on leukocytes) for protective immunity in natural conditions of infection has emerged from three lines of research in human genetics. First, studies of Mendelian resistance to infection have revealed an essential role of DARC-expressing erythrocytes in protection against Plasmodium vivax infection, and an essential role of FUT2-expressing intestinal epithelial cells for protection against norovirus and rotavirus infections. Second, studies of inborn errors of non-hematopoietic cell-extrinsic immunity have shown that APOL1 and complement cascade components secreted by hepatocytes are essential for protective immunity to trypanosome and pyogenic bacteria, respectively. Third, studies of inborn errors of non-hematopoietic cell-intrinsic immunity have suggested that keratinocytes, pulmonary epithelial cells, and cortical neurons are essential for tissue-specific protective immunity to human papillomaviruses, influenza virus, and herpes simplex virus, respectively. Various other types of genetic resistance or predisposition to infection in human populations are not readily explained by inborn variants of genes operating in leukocytes and may, therefore, involve defects in other cells. The probing of this unchartered territory by human genetics is reshaping immunology, by scaling immunity to infection up from the immune system to the whole organism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Ying Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Qian Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Anne Puel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Soejima M, Koda Y. Genetic variation of FUT2 in a Peruvian population: identification of a novel LTR-mediated deletion and characterization of 4 nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Transfusion 2019; 59:2415-2421. [PMID: 30957248 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human FUT2 gene, which encodes a secretor type α(1,2)fucosyltransferase, is reported to have several population-specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and copy number variations. However, little is known about genetic variation of FUT2 in Native Americans. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS To detect SNPs and copy number variations of the FUT2 gene in Peruvians, direct sequencing and digital polymerase chain reaction were performed. Haplotypes of observed SNPs were estimated by PHASE software or cloning into plasmids. The functional significance of nonsynonymous SNPs was examined by transient transfection assay. RESULTS We identified three novel nonfunctional alleles (se178,357 , se841 , and sedel4 ) due to two nonsynonymous SNPs (178C > T and 841G > A) and a novel long terminal repeat-mediated recombination with a 4.3-kb deletion in 70 Peruvians. The frequency of nonfunctional alleles was relative low (20.7%). Because se841 has a relatively high frequency (5.7%), it might be a suitable genetic marker for Peruvians. CONCLUSION We identified three novel nonfunctional alleles in 70 Peruvians. To our knowledge, this is the first time a long terminal repeat-mediated gene recombination event at the FUT2 locus has been detected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikiko Soejima
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Koda
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Rudman N, Gornik O, Lauc G. Altered N-glycosylation profiles as potential biomarkers and drug targets in diabetes. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:1598-1615. [PMID: 31215021 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
N-glycosylation is a ubiquitous protein modification, and N-glycosylation profiles are emerging as both biomarkers and functional effectors in various types of diabetes. Genome-wide association studies identified glycosyltransferase genes as candidate causal genes for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Studies focused on N-glycosylation changes in type 2 diabetes demonstrated that patients can be distinguished from healthy controls based on N-glycome composition. In addition, individuals at an increased risk of future disease development could be identified based on N-glycome profiles. Moreover, accumulating evidence indicates that N-glycans have a major role in preventing the impairment of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by maintaining the glucose transporter in proper orientation, indicating that interindividual variation in protein N-glycosylation might be a novel risk factor contributing to diabetes development. Defective N-glycosylation of T cells has been implicated in type 1 diabetes pathogenesis. Furthermore, studies of N-glycan alterations have successfully been used to identify individuals with rare types of diabetes (such as the HNF1A-MODY), and also to evaluate functional significance of novel diabetes-associated mutations. In conclusion, both N-glycans and glycosyltransferases emerge as potential therapeutic targets in diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Najda Rudman
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Olga Gornik
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Croatia.,Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Croatia.,Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Colston JM, Francois R, Pisanic N, Peñataro Yori P, McCormick BJJ, Olortegui MP, Gazi MA, Svensen E, Ahmed MMM, Mduma E, Liu J, Houpt ER, Klapheke R, Schwarz JW, Atmar RL, Black RE, Kosek MN. Effects of Child and Maternal Histo-Blood Group Antigen Status on Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Enteric Infections in Early Childhood. J Infect Dis 2019; 220:151-162. [PMID: 30768135 PMCID: PMC6548901 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) such as fucosyltransferase (FUT)2 and 3 may act as innate host factors that differentially influence susceptibility of individuals and their offspring to pediatric enteric infections. METHODS In 3 community-based birth cohorts, FUT2 and FUT3 statuses were ascertained for mother-child dyads. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction panels tested 3663 diarrheal and 18 148 asymptomatic stool samples for 29 enteropathogens. Cumulative diarrhea and infection incidence were compared by child (n = 520) and mothers' (n = 519) HBGA status and hazard ratios (HRs) derived for all-cause diarrhea and specific enteropathogens. RESULTS Children of secretor (FUT2 positive) mothers had a 38% increased adjusted risk of all-cause diarrhea (HR = 1.38; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.15-1.66) and significantly reduced time to first diarrheal episode. Child FUT2 and FUT3 positivity reduced the risk for all-cause diarrhea by 29% (HR = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.71-0.93) and 27% (HR = 0.83; 95% CI, 0.74-0.92), respectively. Strong associations between HBGAs and pathogen-specific infection and diarrhea were observed, particularly for noroviruses, rotaviruses, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, and Campylobacter jejuni/coli. CONCLUSIONS Histo-blood group antigens affect incidence of all-cause diarrhea and enteric infections at magnitudes comparable to many common disease control interventions. Studies measuring impacts of interventions on childhood enteric disease should account for both child and mothers' HBGA status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josh M Colston
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ruthly Francois
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nora Pisanic
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Pablo Peñataro Yori
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | | | | | - Md Amran Gazi
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Esto Mduma
- Haydom Global Health Institute, Haydom, Tanzania
| | - Jie Liu
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Eric R Houpt
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | | | | | | | - Robert E Black
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Margaret N Kosek
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
de Moraes MTB, Olivares AIO, Fialho AM, Malta FC, da Silva E Mouta Junior S, de Souza Bispo R, Velloso AJ, Alves Leitão GA, Cantelli CP, Nordgren J, Svenson L, Miagostovich MP, Leite JPG. Phenotyping of Lewis and secretor HBGA from saliva and detection of new FUT2 gene SNPs from young children from the Amazon presenting acute gastroenteritis and respiratory infection. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2019; 70:61-66. [PMID: 30790699 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Histo-blood group antigens (HBGA) are host genetic factors associated with susceptibility to rotavirus (RV) and human norovirus (HuNoV), the major etiological agents of viral acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide. The FUT2 gene expressing the alpha-1, 2-L- fucosyltransferase enzyme is important for gut HBGA expression, and also provides a composition of the phenotypic profile achieved through mutations occurring in populations with different evolutionary histories; as such, it can be considered a genetic population marker. In this study, Lewis and secretor HBGA phenotyping was performed using 352 saliva samples collected from children between three months and five years old born in the Amazon (Brazil, Venezuela and English Guyana) presenting AGE or acute respiratory infection (ARI), the latter considered as control samples. The total of children phenotyped as secretors was 323, corresponding to 91.80%. From these, 207 (58.80%) had a Le (a + b+) profile. The HBGA profiles were equally found in children with AGE as well as with ARI. The rs1047781 of the FUT2 gene was not detected in DNA from saliva cells with a Le (a+b+) profile. However, mutations not yet described in the FUT2 gene were observed: missense 325A>T, 501C>T, 585C>T, 855A>T and missense substitutions 327C>T [S (Ser) > C (Cys)], 446 T>C [L(Leu) > P(Pro)], 723C>A [N(Asn) > K(Lys)], 724A>T [I(Ile) > F(Phe)], 736C>A [H(His) > N(Asn)]. The SNP distribution in the FUT2 gene of the analyzed samples was very similar to that described in Asian populations, including indigenous tribes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Terezinha Baroni de Moraes
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Alberto Ignácio Olivares Olivares
- Federal University of Roraima, Research Center Roraima Health Observatory (ObservaRR), Avenida Capitão Ene Garcês, 2413-Aeroporto, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Parasite Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Madi Fialho
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fábio Correia Malta
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sergio da Silva E Mouta Junior
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Romanul de Souza Bispo
- Federal University of Roraima, Research Center Roraima Health Observatory (ObservaRR), Avenida Capitão Ene Garcês, 2413-Aeroporto, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil
| | - Alvaro Jorge Velloso
- Department of Viral Vaccines and Department of Quality Control, Immunobiological Technology Institute (BioManguinhos) - Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Azevedo Alves Leitão
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carina Pacheco Cantelli
- Post-Graduate Program in Parasite Biology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Department of Viral Vaccines and Department of Quality Control, Immunobiological Technology Institute (BioManguinhos) - Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Johan Nordgren
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lennart Svenson
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marize Pereira Miagostovich
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Paulo Gagliardi Leite
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Avenida Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Salmaninejad A, Valilou SF, Soltani A, Ahmadi S, Abarghan YJ, Rosengren RJ, Sahebkar A. Tumor-associated macrophages: role in cancer development and therapeutic implications. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2019; 42:591-608. [PMID: 31144271 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-019-00453-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are known to play important roles in the initiation and progression of human cancers, as well as in angiogenesis. TAMs are considered as main components of the tumor microenvironment. Targeting TAMs may serve as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancer. In this review, the signaling pathways, origin, function, polarization and clinical application of TAMs are discussed. The role of TAMs in tumor initiation, progression, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis are also emphasized. In addition, a variety of clinical and pre-clinical approaches to target TAMs are discussed. CONCLUSIONS Clinical therapeutic approaches that show most promise include blocking the extravasation of TAMs along with using TAMs as diagnostic biomarkers for cancer progression. The targeting of TAMs in a variety of clinical settings appears to be a promising strategy for decreasing metastasis formation and for improving patient outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Salmaninejad
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Medical Genetics Research Center, Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeed Farajzadeh Valilou
- Medical Genetics Network (MeGeNe), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Soltani
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sepideh Ahmadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Jafari Abarghan
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Rhonda J Rosengren
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. box: 91779-48564, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Halo JV, Pendleton AL, Jarosz AS, Gifford RJ, Day ML, Kidd JM. Origin and recent expansion of an endogenous gammaretroviral lineage in domestic and wild canids. Retrovirology 2019; 16:6. [PMID: 30845962 PMCID: PMC6407205 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-019-0468-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vertebrate genomes contain a record of retroviruses that invaded the germlines of ancestral hosts and are passed to offspring as endogenous retroviruses (ERVs). ERVs can impact host function since they contain the necessary sequences for expression within the host. Dogs are an important system for the study of disease and evolution, yet no substantiated reports of infectious retroviruses in dogs exist. Here, we utilized Illumina whole genome sequence data to assess the origin and evolution of a recently active gammaretroviral lineage in domestic and wild canids. Results We identified numerous recently integrated loci of a canid-specific ERV-Fc sublineage within Canis, including 58 insertions that were absent from the reference assembly. Insertions were found throughout the dog genome including within and near gene models. By comparison of orthologous occupied sites, we characterized element prevalence across 332 genomes including all nine extant canid species, revealing evolutionary patterns of ERV-Fc segregation among species as well as subpopulations. Conclusions Sequence analysis revealed common disruptive mutations, suggesting a predominant form of ERV-Fc spread by trans complementation of defective proviruses. ERV-Fc activity included multiple circulating variants that infected canid ancestors from the last 20 million to within 1.6 million years, with recent bursts of germline invasion in the sublineage leading to wolves and dogs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12977-019-0468-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia V Halo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA.
| | - Amanda L Pendleton
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Abigail S Jarosz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA
| | - Robert J Gifford
- Centre for Virus Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK
| | - Malika L Day
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Kidd
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, 100 Washtenaw Ave., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Barton SJ, Murray R, Lillycrop KA, Inskip HM, Harvey NC, Cooper C, Karnani N, Zolezzi IS, Sprenger N, Godfrey KM, Binia A. FUT2 Genetic Variants and Reported Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Illnesses During Infancy. J Infect Dis 2019; 219:836-843. [PMID: 30376117 PMCID: PMC6687504 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) controls the production of digestive and respiratory epithelia of histo-blood group antigens involved in the attachment of pathogens. The aim of our study was to relate FUT2 variants to reported gastrointestinal and respiratory illnesses in infancy. METHODS In the Southampton Women's Survey, FUT2 genetic variants (single-nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs] rs601338 and rs602662) were genotyped in 1831 infants and related to infant illnesses, after adjustment for sex, breastfeeding duration, and potential confounders. RESULTS For FUT2 SNP rs601338, the risk ratios for ≥1 bout of diarrhea during ages 6-12 months and ages 12-24 months per additional risk (G) allele were 1.23 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-1.4; P = .002) and 1.41 (95% CI, 1.24-1.61; P = 1.7 × 10-7), respectively; the risk ratio for ≥1 diagnosis of a lower respiratory illness (ie, pneumonia or bronchiolitis) during ages 12-24 months per additional G allele was 2.66 (95% CI, 1.64-4.3; P = .00007). Similar associations were found between rs602662 and gastrointestinal and respiratory illnesses, owing to the high linkage disequilibrium with rs601338 (R2 = 0.92). Longer breastfeeding duration predicted a lower risk of diarrhea, independent of infant FUT2 genotype. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed that FUT2 G alleles are associated with a higher risk of infant gastrointestinal illnesses and identified novel associations with respiratory illnesses. FUT2 locus variants need consideration in future studies of gastrointestinal and respiratory illnesses among infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Murray
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Karen A. Lillycrop
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, University of Southampton, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, UK SO16 6YD
| | - Hazel M Inskip
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Nicholas C Harvey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Neerja Karnani
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | | | | | - Keith M. Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, UK
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, University of Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Aristea Binia
- Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Nestec S.A., Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Gómez-Rial J, Sánchez-Batán S, Rivero-Calle I, Pardo-Seco J, Martinón-Martínez JM, Salas A, Martinón-Torres F. Rotavirus infection beyond the gut. Infect Drug Resist 2018; 12:55-64. [PMID: 30636886 PMCID: PMC6307677 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s186404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The landscape of rotavirus (RV) infection has changed substantially in recent years. Autoimmune triggering has been added to clinical spectrum of this pathology, which is now known to be much broader than diarrhea. The impact of RV vaccines in these other conditions is becoming a growing field of research. The importance of host genetic background in RV susceptibility has been revealed, therefore increasing our understanding of vaccine effectiveness and giving some clues about the limited efficacy of RV vaccines in low-income settings. Also, interaction of RV with intestinal microbiota seems to play a key role in the process of infection vaccine effect. This article reviews current findings on the extraintestinal impact of RV infection and their widening clinical picture, and the recently described mechanisms of host susceptibility to infection and vaccine effectiveness. RV infection is a systemic disease with clinical and pathophysiological implications beyond the gut. We propose an “iceberg” model for this pathology with almost hidden clinical implications away from the gastrointestinal tract and eventually triggering the development of autoimmune diseases. Impact of current vaccines is being influenced by host genetics and gut microbiota interactions and these factors must be taken into account in the development of public health programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Gómez-Rial
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain, .,Laboratorio de Inmunología, Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain
| | - Sonia Sánchez-Batán
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain
| | - Irene Rivero-Calle
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain, .,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain,
| | - Jacobo Pardo-Seco
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain,
| | - José María Martinón-Martínez
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain,
| | - Antonio Salas
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain, .,Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forense, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.,GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain
| | - Federico Martinón-Torres
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain, .,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain,
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Ferkingstad E, Oddsson A, Gretarsdottir S, Benonisdottir S, Thorleifsson G, Deaton AM, Jonsson S, Stefansson OA, Norddahl GL, Zink F, Arnadottir GA, Gunnarsson B, Halldorsson GH, Helgadottir A, Jensson BO, Kristjansson RP, Sveinbjornsson G, Sverrisson DA, Masson G, Olafsson I, Eyjolfsson GI, Sigurdardottir O, Holm H, Jonsdottir I, Olafsson S, Steingrimsdottir T, Rafnar T, Bjornsson ES, Thorsteinsdottir U, Gudbjartsson DF, Sulem P, Stefansson K. Genome-wide association meta-analysis yields 20 loci associated with gallstone disease. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5101. [PMID: 30504769 PMCID: PMC6269469 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07460-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallstones are responsible for one of the most common diseases in the Western world and are commonly treated with cholecystectomy. We perform a meta-analysis of two genome-wide association studies of gallstone disease in Iceland and the UK, totaling 27,174 cases and 736,838 controls, uncovering 21 novel gallstone-associated variants at 20 loci. Two distinct low frequency missense variants in SLC10A2, encoding the apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT), associate with an increased risk of gallstone disease (Pro290Ser: OR = 1.36 [1.25-1.49], P = 2.1 × 10-12, MAF = 1%; Val98Ile: OR = 1.15 [1.10-1.20], P = 1.8 × 10-10, MAF = 4%). We demonstrate that lower bile acid transport by ASBT is accompanied by greater risk of gallstone disease and highlight the role of the intestinal compartment of the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids in gallstone disease susceptibility. Additionally, two low frequency missense variants in SERPINA1 and HNF4A and 17 common variants represent novel associations with gallstone disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Florian Zink
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gisli Masson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Isleifur Olafsson
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Landspítali University Hospital, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | | | - Olof Sigurdardottir
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Akureyri Hospital, Akureyri, 600, Iceland
| | - Hilma Holm
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Ingileif Jonsdottir
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
- Department of Immunology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Sigurdur Olafsson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Thora Steingrimsdottir
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | | | - Einar S Bjornsson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Daniel F Gudbjartsson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Patrick Sulem
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland.
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, 101, Iceland.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland.
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Regional variations in human milk oligosaccharides in Vietnam suggest FucTx activity besides FucT2 and FucT3. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16790. [PMID: 30429485 PMCID: PMC6235895 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34882-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breastfeeding is the normal way of providing young infants with the nutrients they need for healthy growth and development (WHO). Human milk oligosaccharides (hMOS) constitute a highly important class of nutrients that are attracting strong attention in recent years. Several studies have indicated that hMOS have prebiotic properties, but also are effective in anti-adhesion of pathogens, modulating the immune system and providing nutrients for brain growth and development. Most of the latter functions seem to be linked to the presence of fucose-containing immunodeterminant epitopes, and Neu5Ac-bearing oligosaccharides. Analysis of hMOS isolated from 101 mothers’ milk showed regional variation in Lewis- and Secretor based immunodeterminants. Lewis-negative milk groups could be sub-divided into two sub-groups, based on the activity of a third and hitherto unidentified fucosyltransferase enzyme. Analysis of hMOS remaining in faeces showed three sub-groups based on hMOS surviving passage through the gut, full consumption, specific partial consumption and non-specific partial consumption, fitting previous findings.
Collapse
|
98
|
Santos-Cortez RLP, Chiong CM, Frank DN, Ryan AF, Giese APJ, Bootpetch Roberts T, Daly KA, Steritz MJ, Szeremeta W, Pedro M, Pine H, Yarza TKL, Scholes MA, Llanes EGDV, Yousaf S, Friedman N, Tantoco MLC, Wine TM, Labra PJ, Benoit J, Ruiz AG, de la Cruz RAR, Greenlee C, Yousaf A, Cardwell J, Nonato RMA, Ray D, Ong KMC, So E, Robertson CE, Dinwiddie J, Lagrana-Villagracia SM, Gubbels SP, Shaikh RS, Cass SP, Einarsdottir E, Lee NR, Schwartz DA, Gloria-Cruz TLI, Bamshad MJ, Yang IV, Kere J, Abes GT, Prager JD, Riazuddin S, Chan AL, Yoon PJ, Nickerson DA, Cutiongco-de la Paz EM, Streubel SO, Reyes-Quintos MRT, Jenkins HA, Mattila P, Chan KH, Mohlke KL, Leal SM, Hafrén L, Chonmaitree T, Sale MM, Ahmed ZM. FUT2 Variants Confer Susceptibility to Familial Otitis Media. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 103:679-690. [PMID: 30401457 PMCID: PMC6217759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-secretor status due to homozygosity for the common FUT2 variant c.461G>A (p.Trp154∗) is associated with either risk for autoimmune diseases or protection against viral diarrhea and HIV. We determined the role of FUT2 in otitis media susceptibility by obtaining DNA samples from 609 multi-ethnic families and simplex case subjects with otitis media. Exome and Sanger sequencing, linkage analysis, and Fisher exact and transmission disequilibrium tests (TDT) were performed. The common FUT2 c.604C>T (p.Arg202∗) variant co-segregates with otitis media in a Filipino pedigree (LOD = 4.0). Additionally, a rare variant, c.412C>T (p.Arg138Cys), is associated with recurrent/chronic otitis media in European-American children (p = 1.2 × 10-5) and US trios (TDT p = 0.01). The c.461G>A (p.Trp154∗) variant was also over-transmitted in US trios (TDT p = 0.01) and was associated with shifts in middle ear microbiota composition (PERMANOVA p < 10-7) and increased biodiversity. When all missense and nonsense variants identified in multi-ethnic US trios with CADD > 20 were combined, FUT2 variants were over-transmitted in trios (TDT p = 0.001). Fut2 is transiently upregulated in mouse middle ear after inoculation with non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae. Four FUT2 variants-namely p.Ala104Val, p.Arg138Cys, p.Trp154∗, and p.Arg202∗-reduced A antigen in mutant-transfected COS-7 cells, while the nonsense variants also reduced FUT2 protein levels. Common and rare FUT2 variants confer susceptibility to otitis media, likely by modifying the middle ear microbiome through regulation of A antigen levels in epithelial cells. Our families demonstrate marked intra-familial genetic heterogeneity, suggesting that multiple combinations of common and rare variants plus environmental factors influence the individual otitis media phenotype as a complex trait.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Regie Lyn P Santos-Cortez
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Center for Children's Surgery, Children's Hospital Colorado (CHCO), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines.
| | - Charlotte M Chiong
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines; National Hearing Screening Reference Center, UP Manila-NIH, Manila 1000, Philippines; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Daniel N Frank
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, CUSOM, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Allen F Ryan
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Arnaud P J Giese
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Tori Bootpetch Roberts
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kathleen A Daly
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Matthew J Steritz
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Wasyl Szeremeta
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Melquiadesa Pedro
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Harold Pine
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Talitha Karisse L Yarza
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines; National Hearing Screening Reference Center, UP Manila-NIH, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Melissa A Scholes
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Erasmo Gonzalo D V Llanes
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Saira Yousaf
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Norman Friedman
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ma Leah C Tantoco
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Todd M Wine
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Patrick John Labra
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Jeanne Benoit
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, CUSOM, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Amanda G Ruiz
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rhodieleen Anne R de la Cruz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Christopher Greenlee
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ayesha Yousaf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Rachelle Marie A Nonato
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Dylan Ray
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kimberly Mae C Ong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Edward So
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Charles E Robertson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, CUSOM, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jordyn Dinwiddie
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sheryl Mae Lagrana-Villagracia
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Samuel P Gubbels
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rehan S Shaikh
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Stephen P Cass
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Elisabet Einarsdottir
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Molecular Neurology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 141 83, Sweden
| | - Nanette R Lee
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation and Department of Anthropology, Sociology and History, University of San Carlos, Cebu City 6000, Philippines
| | | | - Teresa Luisa I Gloria-Cruz
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Michael J Bamshad
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ivana V Yang
- Department of Medicine, CUSOM, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Juha Kere
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Molecular Neurology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 141 83, Sweden; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Generoso T Abes
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Jeremy D Prager
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Saima Riazuddin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Abner L Chan
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Patricia J Yoon
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Sven-Olrik Streubel
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Maria Rina T Reyes-Quintos
- Philippine National Ear Institute, University of the Philippines (UP) Manila - National Institutes of Health (NIH), Manila 1000, Philippines; National Hearing Screening Reference Center, UP Manila-NIH, Manila 1000, Philippines; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UP Manila College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, Manila 1000, Philippines; UP Manila - NIH, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Herman A Jenkins
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Petri Mattila
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Kenny H Chan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine (CUSOM), Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, CHCO, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Suzanne M Leal
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lena Hafrén
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Tasnee Chonmaitree
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, UTMB, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Michele M Sale
- Center for Public Health Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Zubair M Ahmed
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Salmaninejad A, Zamani MR, Shabgah AG, Hosseini S, Mollaei F, Hosseini N, Sahebkar A. Behçet's disease: An immunogenetic perspective. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8055-8074. [PMID: 30341905 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic and rare multisystemic disorder defined by autoimmunity and inflammatory characteristics, manifested by ocular lesions, recurrent genital and oral ulcers, skin symptoms and arthritis as well as neurological, intestinal, and vascular involvement. Despite the unknown cause of BD, there is some strong documentation for immunological, genetic, environmental, and infectious factors playing a role in the pathogenesis of BD. While the nature of the genetic variants remains unidentified, many genetic risk factors are considered to contribute to BD susceptibility. Along with human leukocyte antigen gene encoding B*51 (HLA-B*51) and areas including the major histocompatibility complex class I, genome-wide association studies have recognized numerous other BD susceptibility genes including those encoding interleukin (IL)-10, IL-12 receptor β 2 (IL-12RB2), IL-23 receptor (IL-23R), C-C chemokine receptor 1 gene, signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4), endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP1), and genes encoding killer cell lectin-like receptor family members (KLRC4-KLRK1). It is believed that BD could be considered as a disorder lying in between autoimmune and autoinflammatory syndromes. The positive responses to classical immunosuppressive agents like azathioprine and cyclosporine and involvement of autoantigens in the initiation of the disorder are the main BD features that reflect the autoimmune nature of the disorder. In this review, we address recent findings on the role of common cytokines, antibodies and immunogenetic factors in BD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Salmaninejad
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics Research Center, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zamani
- Department of Immunology and Biology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezoo Gowhari Shabgah
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedmojtaba Hosseini
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics Research Center, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mollaei
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics Research Center, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nayyerehalsadat Hosseini
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Genetics Research Center, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Azad MB, Wade KH, Timpson NJ. FUT2 secretor genotype and susceptibility to infections and chronic conditions in the ALSPAC cohort. Wellcome Open Res 2018; 3:65. [PMID: 30345375 PMCID: PMC6171556 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14636.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The FUT2 (fucosyltransferase-2) gene determines blood group secretor status. Being homozygous for the inactive "non-secretor" rs601338(A) allele confers resistance to certain infections (e.g. Norovirus, Rotavirus) and susceptibility to others (e.g. Haemophilus influenza, Streptococcus pneumonia). Non-secretors also have an increased risk of type 1 diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease. We examined FUT2 genotype, infections and chronic conditions in a population-based cohort. Methods: We studied 7,582 pregnant women from the ALSPAC pregnancy cohort. Infections (measles, mumps, chicken pox, whooping cough, meningitis, herpes, gonorrhea and urinary infections) and chronic conditions (kidney disease, hypertension, diabetes, rheumatism, arthritis, psoriasis, hay fever, asthma, eczema and allergies) were self-reported. FUT2 secretor status was determined from the rs601338 genotype. ABO blood type was obtained from clinical records. Results: Overall, 1920 women (25.3%) were homozygous for the non-secretor allele (AA). Secretor status was associated with mumps, with 68% of non-secretors experiencing this infection, compared to 48% of secretors (RR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.34-1.46). A weaker association was observed for measles infection (76% vs. 72%; RR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02-1.09). Non-secretors also experienced an increased risk of kidney disease (5.4% vs. 3.9%; RR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.11-1.75). Independent of secretor status, AB blood type was a risk factor for mumps (RR 1.15; 95%CI, 1.03, 1.28 compared to type O). We found no evidence of interaction between secretor status and blood type. For some conditions, including asthma and arthritis, FUT2 heterozygosity (GA) appeared to confer an intermediate phenotype. There was no strong evidence of association between secretor status and other infections or chronic conditions, although statistical power was limited for rare outcomes. Conclusion: Our results identify an association between FUT2 secretor status and self-reported kidney disease, and confirm a recently reported association with susceptibility to mumps infection. The clinical implications of these associations warrant further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan B. Azad
- Manitoba Developmental Origins of Chronic Diseases in Children Network (DEVOTION), Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Kaitlin H. Wade
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Nicholas J. Timpson
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| |
Collapse
|