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Zaib Q, Park HS, Kyung D. Experimental modeling and optimization for the reduction of hexavalent chromium in aqueous solutions using ascorbic acid. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13146. [PMID: 34162947 PMCID: PMC8222380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92535-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the reduction of toxic Cr(VI) to less toxic Cr(III) using ascorbic acid in various aqueous solutions: deionized water, synthetic soft water, synthetic hard water, and real tap water. The experiments were performed using a statistical experimental design. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to correlate Cr(VI) reduction (response variable) with experimental parameters such as initial Cr(VI) concentration, humic acid concentration, and ascorbic acid dosage. The empirical model obtained from the experiments was used to estimate and optimize the quantity of ascorbic acid required for the reduction of ≥ 99% Cr(VI) in water. The optimized dosages of ascorbic acid were predicted and experimentally validated for > 99.5% reduction of Cr(VI) (1, 10, 20, and 100 mg/L) in the solutions. Even a solution containing an initial Cr(VI) concentration of 100 mg/L was reduced in concentration ≥ 99.9% with optimal dosage of ascorbic acid (500 mg/L) in the presence of 20 mg/L humic acid. Moreover, the reaction kinetics (kobs-Cr(VI) = 0.71 mM-1 s-1) were sufficient to reduce the ≥ 99.9% Cr(VI) in 20 min. This study sheds new light on the effect of ascorbic acid on Cr(VI) reduction, and provides knowledge fundamental to optimize treatment of Cr(VI) contaminated water to environmentally acceptable endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qammer Zaib
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Nam-gu, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Hung Suck Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Nam-gu, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeseung Kyung
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Nam-gu, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea.
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Analysis of serum metabolome of workers occupationally exposed to hexavalent chromium: A preliminary study. Toxicol Lett 2021; 349:92-100. [PMID: 34153407 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) compound is considered as a common environmental and occupational pollutant due to widespread application in industry and agriculture. Cr(VI) as a carcinogen poses a serious threat to human health and the underlying mechanisms need further investigation. Previous studies had demonstrated the characteristic expression profiling after Cr(VI) treatment in vitro and in vivo at the levels of gene and protein. The comprehensive metabolic signatures were also conducive to discover potential biomarkers for effects assessment of Cr(VI) toxicity. In the current study, Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) non-targeted metabolomics was applied to analyze serum metabolic changes in 77 chromate exposure workers and 62 controls. Thirteen metabolites were found significantly decreased and 41 metabolites were increased, which were involved in arginine and proline metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism by bioinformatic analysis. Furthermore, there were significant negative correlations between blood Cr level and Arginine, PC(18:2/24:4) and PC(14:0/16:0), subgroup analyses indicated that these correlations were observed in male-only subgroups, and were not found among chromate workers and controls separately. Diet could be a potential confounder which was not controlled rigorously in this study. These findings provided preliminary clues to investigate the underlying mechanisms of Cr(VI)-induced toxicity and were required to be further verified in future researches.
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Silver nanopentagons-based colorimetric sensor for high-selective chromium(III) detection in aqueous solution with polyvinylpyrrolidone and citrate. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01729-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Dietary iron to total energy intake ratio and type 2 diabetes incidence in a longitudinal 12-year analysis of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Cohort Study. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:4453-4461. [PMID: 34085096 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02596-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent study found iron consumption has been associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Even though, high iron intake is correlated with total caloric intake, most studies have evaluated the individual effect of iron and total caloric intake. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of iron intake, in conjunction with total energy intake, on developing T2DM. We also investigated the interactions between dietary iron and energy ratios (IERs) and iron-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the development of T2DM. METHODS The study was carried out in Ansan and Ansung, Korea, between March 2001 and December 2014. A total of 6413 participants (3073 men and 3340 women), aged 40-69 years, were enrolled in this study. The mean follow-up period was 8.4 years. The study population was divided into quartiles based on IERs with cut-off points at 4.54, 5.41, and 6.29. The odds ratios (ORs) for new-onset T2DM were calculated across each quartile of IERs and a random forest model was constructed using the default settings to predict new-onset T2DM. To confirm the interaction among IERs, SNPs, and the incidence of T2DM, we measured the predictive power of new-onset T2DM using IER and six SNPs in genes related to iron metabolism [rs855791 (TPMRSS6), rs38116479 (TF), rs1799852 (TF), rs2280673, rs1799945 (HFT), rs180562 (HFE)]. RESULTS The prevalence of T2DM was 762 (11.8%). IERs showed a positive association with T2DM. The ORs were 1.30 (95% CI 1.02-1.67), 1.20 (95% CI 0.94-1.56), and 1.43 (95% CI 1.11-1.86) across the IER quartiles after adjusting for non-dietary and dietary metabolic risk factors. When the IER was 1.89-fold higher than the reference group, the risk of developing T2DM increased by 43% (OR 1.43; 95% CI 1.11-1.86). CONCLUSION A higher IER was positively associated with developing T2DM independent of dietary or non-dietary risk factors. We also found the possible interactions between the identified SNPs and iron intake in relations to T2DM.
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Amini MR, Sheikhhossein F, Djafari F, Jafari A, Djafarian K, Shab-Bidar S. Effects of chromium supplementation on oxidative Stress biomarkers. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2021:1-11. [PMID: 34013788 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of chromium supplementation on oxidative stress biomarkers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), catalase (CAT), nitric oxide (NO), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and protein carbonyl. Methods: Relevant studies, published from inception until July 2019, were searched through PubMed/Medline, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar. All randomized clinical trials investigating the effect of chromium supplementation on oxidative stress were included. Results: Out of 252 citations, 10 trials that enrolled 595 subjects were included. Chromium supplementation resulted in a significant increase in GSH (WMD: 64.79 mg/dl, 95% CI: 22.43 to 107.15; P=0.003) but no significant change in MDA, TAS, TBARS levels, SOD, CAT levels and GPX. Chromium picolinate supplementation resulted in a significant increase in TAC while failing to have a significant effect on NO. Moreover, both chromium picolinate and chromium dinicocysteinate supplementation reduced protein carbonyl levels. Conclusion: Overall, this meta-analysis demonstrated that chromium supplementation increased GSH without any significant changes in the mean of GPX, MDA, TAS, TBARS, CAT and SOD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Amini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sheikhhossein
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhang Djafari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Jafari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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Amaku JF, Ngwu CM, Ogundare SA, Akpomie KG, Edozie OI, Conradie J. Thermodynamics, kinetics and isothermal studies of chromium (VI) biosorption onto Detarium senegalense stem bark extract coated shale and the regeneration potentials. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 23:1486-1496. [PMID: 33969765 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2021.1913991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A low-cost adsorbent (Detarium senegalense stem bark extract coated shale (DSMS)) comprising pristine shale (PSH) coated with D. senegalense stem bark extract was prepared and utilized for the adsorption of Cr(VI). The DSMS and PSH were characterized by the SEM, XRD, FTIR, EDX, TGA, and BET. The batch adsorption experiment results showed that DSMS exhibited an excellent ability to adsorb chromium with a maximum removal occurring at pH 2, dosage of 0.05 g and 180 min contact time. The adsorption process was best described by the pseudo-second-order for DSMS and Elovich model for PSH which depicts chemisorption as the major mechanism responsible for the uptake of Cr(VI) onto the adsorbents. Langmuir model provided the best fit to the isotherm analysis on both materials. The maximum adsorption capacity of DSMS and PSH were 64.98 mg g-1 and 29.97 mg g-1 respectively. The thermodynamics revealed that the adsorption of Cr(VI) was feasible, endothermic and entropy driven. Furthermore, after five cycles of reuse, both DSMS and PSH demonstrated effective regeneration and reusability for Cr(VI) uptake. The structural properties, reusability, and high adsorption capabilities of DSMS indicate that they could be used as low-cost adsorbents in large-scale Cr(VI) wastewater treatment. Novelty statement Plant extracts are packed with a variety of polyphenolic compounds, such as aldehydes, alcohols, carboxylics, ethers, ketones, and phenols which contains several functionalities useful in the adsorption of toxic metals. Despite this, research on the use of plant extracts in the modification of adsorbent materials for enhanced adsorption is rare. This study reports for the first time the use of Detarium senegalense stem bark extract coated shale adsorbent for the efficient uptake of Cr(VI) ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Friday Amaku
- Department of Chemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria
| | - Comfort M Ngwu
- Department of Chemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria
| | - Segun A Ogundare
- Chemical Sciences Department, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria
| | - Kovo G Akpomie
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | | | - Jeanet Conradie
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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Complexation of chromium (III) with the antifibrinolytic drug tranexamic acid: Formation, kinetics, and molecular modeling studies. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Balali-Mood M, Naseri K, Tahergorabi Z, Khazdair MR, Sadeghi M. Toxic Mechanisms of Five Heavy Metals: Mercury, Lead, Chromium, Cadmium, and Arsenic. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:643972. [PMID: 33927623 PMCID: PMC8078867 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.643972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 610] [Impact Index Per Article: 203.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The industrial activities of the last century have caused massive increases in human exposure to heavy metals. Mercury, lead, chromium, cadmium, and arsenic have been the most common heavy metals that induced human poisonings. Here, we reviewed the mechanistic action of these heavy metals according to the available animal and human studies. Acute or chronic poisonings may occur following exposure through water, air, and food. Bioaccumulation of these heavy metals leads to a diversity of toxic effects on a variety of body tissues and organs. Heavy metals disrupt cellular events including growth, proliferation, differentiation, damage-repairing processes, and apoptosis. Comparison of the mechanisms of action reveals similar pathways for these metals to induce toxicity including ROS generation, weakening of the antioxidant defense, enzyme inactivation, and oxidative stress. On the other hand, some of them have selective binding to specific macromolecules. The interaction of lead with aminolevulinic acid dehydratase and ferrochelatase is within this context. Reactions of other heavy metals with certain proteins were discussed as well. Some toxic metals including chromium, cadmium, and arsenic cause genomic instability. Defects in DNA repair following the induction of oxidative stress and DNA damage by the three metals have been considered as the cause of their carcinogenicity. Even with the current knowledge of hazards of heavy metals, the incidence of poisoning remains considerable and requires preventive and effective treatment. The application of chelation therapy for the management of metal poisoning could be another aspect of heavy metals to be reviewed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Balali-Mood
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Kobra Naseri
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Zoya Tahergorabi
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khazdair
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mahmood Sadeghi
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Baszuk P, Janasik B, Pietrzak S, Marciniak W, Reszka E, Białkowska K, Jabłońska E, Muszyńska M, Lesicka M, Derkacz R, Grodzki T, Wójcik J, Wojtyś M, Dębniak T, Cybulski C, Gronwald J, Kubisa B, Wójcik N, Pieróg J, Gajić D, Waloszczyk P, Scott RJ, Wąsowicz W, Jakubowska A, Lubiński J, Lener MR. Lung Cancer Occurrence-Correlation with Serum Chromium Levels and Genotypes. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:1228-1236. [PMID: 32648197 PMCID: PMC7886837 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02240-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Exposure to environmental and occupational carcinogens is an important cause of lung cancer. One of these substances is chromium, which is found ubiquitously across the planet. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified chromium(VI) as a human carcinogen. The aim of this study was to assess whether serum chromium levels, as well as DNA variants in selected genes involved in carcinogenesis, xenobiotic-metabolism, and oxidative stress could be helpful in the detection of lung cancer. We conducted a study using 218 lung cancer patients and 218 matched healthy controls. We measured serum chromium levels and genotyped ten genetic variants in ERCC2, XRCC1, MT1B, GSTP1, ABCB1, NQ01, CRTC3, GPX1, SOD2 and CAT. The odds ratios of being diagnosed with lung cancer were calculated using conditional logistic regression with respect to serum chromium level and genotypes. The odds ratio for the occurrence of lung cancer increased with increasing serum chromium levels. The difference between the quartiles with the lowest vs. highest chromium level was more than fourfold in the entire group (OR 4.52, CI 2.17-9.42, p < 0.01). This correlation was significantly increased by more than twice when specific genotypes were taken into consideration (ERCC-rs12181 TT, OR 12.34, CI 1.17-130.01, p = 0.04; CRTC3-rs12915189 non GG, OR 9.73, CI 1.58-60.10, p = 0.01; GSTP1-rs1695 non AA, OR 9.47, CI 2.06-43.49, p = < 0.01; CAT-rs1001179 non CC, OR 9.18, CI 1.64-51.24, p = 0.01). Total serum chromium levels > 0.1 μg/L were correlated with 73% (52/71) of lung cancers diagnosed with stage I disease. Our findings support the role of chromium and the influence of key proteins on lung cancer burden in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Baszuk
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Beata Janasik
- Biological and Environment Monitoring Department, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, ul.św. Teresy od dzieciątka Jezus 8, 91-348, Łódź, Poland
| | - Sandra Pietrzak
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Marciniak
- Read-Gene, Grzepnica, ul. Alabastrowa 8, 72-003, Grzepnica, Dobra(Szczecińska), Poland
| | - Edyta Reszka
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, ul.św. Teresy od dzieciątka Jezus 8, 91-348, Łódź, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Białkowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewa Jabłońska
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, ul.św. Teresy od dzieciątka Jezus 8, 91-348, Łódź, Poland
| | - Magdalena Muszyńska
- Read-Gene, Grzepnica, ul. Alabastrowa 8, 72-003, Grzepnica, Dobra(Szczecińska), Poland
| | - Monika Lesicka
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, ul.św. Teresy od dzieciątka Jezus 8, 91-348, Łódź, Poland
| | - Róża Derkacz
- Read-Gene, Grzepnica, ul. Alabastrowa 8, 72-003, Grzepnica, Dobra(Szczecińska), Poland
| | - Tomasz Grodzki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. A. Sokołowskiego 11, 70-891, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Janusz Wójcik
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. A. Sokołowskiego 11, 70-891, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wojtyś
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. A. Sokołowskiego 11, 70-891, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Dębniak
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kubisa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. A. Sokołowskiego 11, 70-891, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Norbert Wójcik
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. A. Sokołowskiego 11, 70-891, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jarosław Pieróg
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. A. Sokołowskiego 11, 70-891, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Darko Gajić
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. A. Sokołowskiego 11, 70-891, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Piotr Waloszczyk
- Independent Laboratory of Pathology, Zdunomed, ul. Energetyków 2, 70-656, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Rodney J Scott
- Priority Research Centre for Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Pathology North, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Wojciech Wąsowicz
- Biological and Environment Monitoring Department, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, ul.św. Teresy od dzieciątka Jezus 8, 91-348, Łódź, Poland
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
- Read-Gene, Grzepnica, ul. Alabastrowa 8, 72-003, Grzepnica, Dobra(Szczecińska), Poland
| | - Jan Lubiński
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland
- Read-Gene, Grzepnica, ul. Alabastrowa 8, 72-003, Grzepnica, Dobra(Szczecińska), Poland
| | - Marcin R Lener
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, ul. Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252, Szczecin, Poland.
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Fouladlou S, Faraji H, Shahbaazi H, Moghimi A, Azizinezhad F. Deep eutectic solvent-based continuous sample drop flow microextraction combined with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for speciation and determination of chromium ions in aqueous samples. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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61
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Ognik K, Dworzański W, Sembratowicz I, Fotschki B, Cholewińska E, Listos P, Juśkiewicz J. The effect of the high-fat diet supplemented with various forms of chromium on rats body composition, liver metabolism and organ histology Cr in liver metabolism and histology of selected organs. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 64:126705. [PMID: 33383354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the present study, we hypothesized that feeding rats a high-fat diet negatively affects liver metabolism and function and disturbs the histology of some internal organs. We also postulated that there is a form of chromium whose administration alleviates the negative effects of a high-fat diet in rats. METHODS To verify the hypotheses, we tested the effect of various forms of chrome (picolinate - Cr-Pic, Chromium(III)-methionine complex - Cr-Met, and chrome nanoparticles - Cr-NPs) applied in the recommended amount of 0.3 mg/kg of BW on growth parameters, body fat, liver metabolism and functional disorders, and histological parameters of selected internal organs in rats fed a standard (S) or high-fat diet (F). The experiment was conducted on 56 male outbred Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus. Cmdb:WI) randomly divided into eight experimental groups. For eight weeks the rats received a standard or high-fat diet, without Cr or with Cr at 0.3 mg/kg diet in the form of Cr-Pic, Cr-Met or Cr-NPs. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The use of a F diet disrupted the lipid-carbohydrate profile, worsened liver metabolism and function, reduced the expression of hepatic PPAR-α and leaded to negative changes in the histological image of internal organs - liver, kidneys and pancreas. The 8-week use of an chromium supplement in a F diet, regardless of the form used, did not improve the ratio of fat tissue to lean tissue, worsened liver function and negatively affected on the histological image of the liver, kidneys and pancreas. However, the most negative changes in lipid-carbohydrate metabolism and liver functioning were observed with CrNPs supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Ognik
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Biology, Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, Lublin, 20-950, Poland
| | - Wojciech Dworzański
- Chair and Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, Lublin, 20-090, Poland
| | - Iwona Sembratowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Biology, Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, Lublin, 20-950, Poland
| | - Bartosz Fotschki
- Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, Olsztyn, 10-748, Poland
| | - Ewelina Cholewińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Biology, Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, Lublin, 20-950, Poland.
| | - Piotr Listos
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 30, Lublin, 20-612, Poland
| | - Jerzy Juśkiewicz
- Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, Olsztyn, 10-748, Poland
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González JA, Hinojosa L, Mercado MI, Fernández-Turiel JL, Bazile D, Ponessa GI, Eisa S, González DA, Rejas M, Hussin S, El-Samad EHA, Abdel-Ati A, Ebrahim MEA. A Long Journey of CICA-17 Quinoa Variety to Salinity Conditions in Egypt: Mineral Concentration in the Seeds. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:407. [PMID: 33671519 PMCID: PMC7926718 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Quinoa may be a promising alternative solution for arid regions, and it is necessary to test yield and mineral accumulation in grains under different soil types. Field experiments with Chenopodium quinoa (cv. CICA-17) were performed in Egypt in non-saline (electrical conductivity, 1.9 dS m-1) and saline (20 dS m-1) soils. Thirty-four chemical elements were studied in these crops. Results show different yields and mineral accumulations in the grains. Potassium (K), P, Mg, Ca, Na, Mn, and Fe are the main elements occurring in the quinoa grains, but their concentrations change between both soil types. Besides, soil salinity induced changes in the mineral pattern distribution among the different grain organs. Sodium was detected in the pericarp but not in other tissues. Pericarp structure may be a shield to prevent sodium entry to the underlying tissues but not for chloride, increasing its content in saline conditions. Under saline conditions, yield decreased to near 47%, and grain sizes greater than 1.68 mm were unfavored. Quinoa may serve as a complementary crop in the marginal lands of Egypt. It has an excellent nutrition perspective due to its mineral content and has a high potential to adapt to semi-arid and arid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A González
- Fundación Miguel Lillo, Instituto de Ecología, Comportamiento y Conservación, T4000 Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Leonardo Hinojosa
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, 1012 WX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - María I Mercado
- Fundación Miguel Lillo, Instituto de Morfología Vegetal, T4000 Tucumán, Argentina
| | | | - Didier Bazile
- CIRAD, UMR SENS, 34398 Montpellier, France
- SENS, CIRAD, IRD, University Paul Valery Montpellier 3, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Graciela I Ponessa
- Fundación Miguel Lillo, Instituto de Morfología Vegetal, T4000 Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Sayed Eisa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11672, Egypt
| | - Daniela A González
- Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal (INBIOFIV), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), T4000 Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Marta Rejas
- Geosciences Barcelona, CSIC, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sayed Hussin
- Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11672, Egypt
| | - Emad H Abd El-Samad
- Vegetable Research Department, Agricultural & Biological Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza 12611, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Ati
- Plant Production Department, Ecology and Dry Land Agriculture Division, Desert Research Center, Cairo 11753, Egypt
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Sangsin S, Srivilai P, Tongraung P. Colorimetric detection of Cr 3+ in dietary supplements using a smartphone based on EDTA and tannic acid-modified silver nanoparticles. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 246:119050. [PMID: 33075706 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A simplistic, portable and low-cost method for the rapid detection of Cr3+ was developed based on a smartphone readout and a co-functionalized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) system for use as an on-site device in resource-poor areas. The presence of Cr3+ induced aggregation of AgNPs through coordinated complex formation between Cr3+ and stabilizing agents on the NPs surface, resulted in a bright yellow of an AgNPs solution turned to wine red along with a SPR band was red-shifted from 429 nm to 625 nm. A smartphone with an available free application, called "PhotoMetrix" was used to measure the RGB (red, green, blue) values of the color intensities in the AgNPs system and convert into Cr3+ concentration by using univariate calibration curves in less than 60s. This smartphone-based detection system showed a high selectivity of AgNPs with Cr3+ and gave a positive coefficient correlation (R2 = 0.9878) between the intensity of channel R and the Cr3+ concentration, with a linear range of 2.0-5.0 mg L-1, and a detection limit of 1.52 mg L-1. Furthermore, the proposed method has been successfully applied for quantification of Cr3+ in dietary supplement samples. The results obtained were in close agreement with those obtained in FAAS (Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry). The developed colorimetric system based on a smartphone readout device exhibits feasibility and reliability for on-site Cr3+ detection in the real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supanee Sangsin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23 Rd., Wattana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Piyarat Srivilai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23 Rd., Wattana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Pan Tongraung
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23 Rd., Wattana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
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Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is a common element in the Earth’s crust. It may exist in different oxidation states, Cr(0), Cr(III) and Cr(VI), with Cr(III) and Cr(VI) being relatively stable and largely predominant. Chromium’s peculiarity is that its behavior relies on its valence state. Cr(III) is a trace element in humans and plays a major role in glucose and fat metabolism. The beneficial effects of Cr(III) in obesity and types 2 diabetes are known. It has been long considered an essential element, but now it has been reclassified as a nutritional supplement. On the other hand, Cr(VI) is a human carcinogen and exposure to it occurs both in occupational and environmental contexts. It induces also epigenetic effects on DNA, histone tails and microRNA; its toxicity seems to be related to its higher mobility in soil and swifter penetration through cell membranes than Cr(III). The microorganisms Acinetobacter sp. Cr1 and Pseudomonas sp. Cr13 have been suggested as a promising agent for bioremediation of Cr(VI). This review intends to underline the important role of Cr(III) for human health and the dangerousness of Cr(VI) as a toxic element. The dual and opposing roles of this metal make it particularly interesting. An overview of the recent literature is reported in support.
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Moradi F, Kooshki F, Nokhostin F, Khoshbaten M, Bazyar H, Pourghassem Gargari B. A pilot study of the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on serum fetuin-A, metabolic and inflammatory factors in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 63:126659. [PMID: 33045675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluating the impact of chromium picolinate supplementation on glycemic status, lipid profile, inflammatory markers and fetuin-A in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS In present research, participants (N = 46) were randomized to (400 mcg/day, n = 23) chromium picolinate and placebo (n = 23) for 3 months. RESULTS Glucose indices, and lipid profiles, inflammatory biomarker and fetuin-A were measured before and after the intervention. Chromium reduced triglyceride (TG), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin (IL) -6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and fetuin-A significantly compared to placebo group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, chromium significantly increased the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). There were no significant differences in total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), fasting blood sugar (FBS), Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C), interleukin (IL)-17 between the two groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Chromium picolinate significantly decreased TG, insulin, HOMA-IR, fetuin-A, the number of inflammatory factors, and increased QUICKI without changing FBS, HbA1C, TC, LDL, HDL, IL-17 levels and liver steatosis intensity in patients with NAFLD. Further studies by examining the effect of different doses of chromium and mechanisms of cellular action, would help further clarify the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fardin Moradi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry & Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Iran
| | - Fateme Kooshki
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry & Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Iran
| | - Forough Nokhostin
- Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Manouchehr Khoshbaten
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Bazyar
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Bahram Pourghassem Gargari
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry & Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Iran.
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Dual-Responsive Pectin/Graphene Oxide (Pc/GO) nano-composite as an efficient adsorbent for Cr (III) ions and photocatalyst for degradation of organic dyes in waste water. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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67
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Singh G, Shilpy, Singh A, Diksha, Pawan, Suman, Espinosa-Ruíz C, Esteban MA, Singh K. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon functionalized organosilocanes based chemosensors: Synthesis, magnetic nanoparticles and biological application. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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68
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Tarrahi MJ, Tarrahi MA, Rafiee M, Mansourian M. The effects of chromium supplementation on lipidprofile in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis ofrandomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res 2020; 164:105308. [PMID: 33197598 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of chromium supplementation on lipid profile consisting of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) in humans. METHODS The PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of sciences, Google Scholar and Cochrane library were systematically searched for randomised control trails (RCTs) available which published before August 2020. The meta-analysis was conducted using Random or fixed-effects models, and between-study heterogeneity was assessed by I2. RESULTS Thirty-eight studies comprising 41 treatment arms and 7605 participants included to the present meta-analysis. Our results of overall analysis show only a significant reduction in serum TC level in response to chromium supplementation (WMD: -0.17 mmol/l, 95 % CI: -0.27, -0.07, P = 0.001). In accordance with the results of the subgroup analyses, the lowering-effect of chromium supplementation may be synergist during short-term (less than 12 weeks), low dose (less than 200), diabetics patient, younger adults (less than 54 years) and picolinate and elemental form for TC, older and non-obese subjects (>54 years and ≤ 29 kg/m2, respectively), women, Asian and Australian and picolinate form for TG, short-term, low dose, non-obese subjects, women, and Asian for VLDL, and nicotinate form for HDL-C, but had no effect on LDL-C. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis reveals that there was only an overall significant association between chromium supplementation with decreases in the concentration of TC. Additionally, we found considerable evidence of subgroup analysis that support a significant lowering effect of chromium supplementation on TC, TG and VLDL. Further RCTs with short-term and low dose chromium supplementation in subjects with diabetes are necessitated for a firm conclusion of the lipid-modulating properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Tarrahi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Aref Tarrahi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Rafiee
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Marjan Mansourian
- Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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The effect of chromium supplementation on apolipoproteins: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020; 40:34-41. [PMID: 33183560 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apos play a role in lipoprotein metabolism. Several studies have been carried out on the effect of chromium supplement in improving CVD risk factors. OBJECTIVE This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis that aimed to investigate the effect of chromium supplementation on Apos levels of human studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched PubMed, Scopus up to May 2020 up to September 2019. We retrieved studies from identified articles. The studies' quality was evaluated using Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. We estimated the effect of chromium supplementation on Apo A, Apo A1, and Apo B by pooling mean and standard deviation (SD) values. RESULTS We obtained six trials involving 231 participants. Chromium consumption resulted significantly decreased Apo B while the subjects were ingesting chromium picolinate. Chromium supplementation did not significantly decrease Apo A (WMD: -3.89 mg/dl; 95% CI, -11.96 to 4.18) with no significant heterogeneity (I2 = 0.00%, p = 0.37). The serum level of Apo A1 did not statistically change following chromium intervention (WMD: 6.11 mg/dl; 95% CI, -7.01 to 19.23) with no significant heterogeneity (I2 = 0.00%, p = 0.68). Chromium supplementation did not significantly decrease Apo B (WMD: 3.81 mg/dl; 95% CI, -5.32 to 12.94). With no significant heterogeneity (I2 = 42.3%, p = 0.12). CONCLUSIONS The chromium supplement did not have a significant effect on the Apolipoproteins (Apo A, ApoA1 and Apo B).
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70
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Guo Y, Huang Z, Sang D, Gao Q, Li Q. The Role of Nutrition in the Prevention and Intervention of Type 2 Diabetes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:575442. [PMID: 33042976 PMCID: PMC7523408 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.575442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a rapidly growing epidemic, which leads to increased mortality rates and health care costs. Nutrients (namely, carbohydrates, fat, protein, mineral substances, and vitamin), sensing, and management are central to metabolic homeostasis, therefore presenting a leading factor contributing to T2D. Understanding the comprehensive effects and the underlying mechanisms of nutrition in regulating glucose metabolism and the interactions of diet with genetics, epigenetics, and gut microbiota is helpful for developing new strategies to prevent and treat T2D. In this review, we discuss different mechanistic pathways contributing to T2D and then summarize the current researches concerning associations between different nutrients intake and glucose homeostasis. We also explore the possible relationship between nutrients and genetic background, epigenetics, and metagenomics in terms of the susceptibility and treatment of T2D. For the specificity of individual, precision nutrition depends on the person’s genotype, and microbiota is vital to the prevention and intervention of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Guo
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zihua Huang
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dan Sang
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiong Gao
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qingjiao Li
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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71
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Treatment of Multi-Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogenic Infections. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.14.3.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) infections in severely infected patients present numerous difficulties in terms of treatment failure where antibiotics cannot arrest such drug resistant bacteria. Based on the patient’s medical history and updated microbiological epidemiology data, an effective empirical treatment remains critical for optimal results to safeguard human health. The aim of this manuscript is to review management of MDR-Gram negative pathogenic bacterial infections. Quick diagnosis and narrow antimicrobial spectrum require rapid and timely diagnosis and effective laboratories in accordance with antimicrobial stewardship (AS) principles. Worldwide, there is an increased emergence of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Recently, novel therapeutic options, such as meropenem/vaborbactam, ceftazidime/avibactam, ceftolozane/tazobactam, eravacycline and plazomicin became accessible to effectively counteract severe infections. Optimally using these delays the emergence of resistance to novel therapeutic agents. Further study is required, however, due to uncertainties in pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics optimization of dosages and therapeutic duration in severely ill patients. The novel agents should be verified for (i) action on carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii; (ii) action on CRE of β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors dependence on type of carbapenemase; (iii) emergence of resistance to novel antibacterials and dismiss selective pressure promoting development of resistance. Alternative treatments should be approached alike phage therapy or antibacterial peptides. The choice of empirical therapy is complicated by antibiotic resistance and can be combated by accurate antibiotic and their combinations usage, which is critical to patient survival. Noteworthy are local epidemiology, effective teamwork and antibiotic stewardship to guarantee that medications are utilized properly to counter the resistance.
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72
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Chen S, Zhou L, Guo Q, Fang C, Wang M, Peng X, Yin J, Li S, Zhu Y, Yang W, Zhang Y, Shan Z, Chen X, Liu L. Association of plasma chromium with metabolic syndrome among Chinese adults: a case-control study. Nutr J 2020; 19:107. [PMID: 32967680 PMCID: PMC7513538 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00625-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgroud Chromium has been suggested playing a role in alleviating diabetes, insulin resistance and lipid anomalies, but the effect on metabolic syndrome (MetS) in humans remains controversial. Methods We conducted a matched case-control study in a Chinese population, involving 2141 MetS cases and 2141 healthy controls, which were 1:1 matched by age (±2 years) and sex. Plasma chromium was measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results Plasma chromium levels were lower in MetS group than in control group (mean: 4.36 μg/L and 4.66 μg/L, respectively, P < 0.001), and progressively decreased with the number of MetS components (P for trend < 0.001). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for MetS across increasing quartiles of plasma chromium levels were 1 (reference), 0.84 (0.67–1.05), 0.76 (0.61–0.95), and 0.62 (0.49–0.78), respectively (P for trend < 0.001). For the components of MetS (high waist circumference, high triglycerides and high blood glucose), the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of the highest quartiles were 0.77 (0.61–0.95), 0.67 (0.55–0.80), and 0.53 (0.44–0.64), respectively (P for trend < 0.05). Conclusions Our results indicated that plasma chromium levels were inversely associated with MetS in Chinese adults. The association may be explained by the relations between plasma chromium levels and high waist circumference, and the triglycerides and blood glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijing Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Qianqian Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Can Fang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Mengke Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaobo Peng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jiawei Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Shuzhen Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yalun Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang, 443003, Hubei, China
| | - Zhilei Shan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Liegang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. .,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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COVID-19 and the World with Co-Morbidities of Heart Disease, Hypertension and Diabetes. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.14.3.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Newly emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has now spread across the globe in past few months while affecting 26 million people and leading to more than 0.85 million deaths as on 2nd September, 2020. Severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection increases in COVID-19 patients due to pre-existing health co-morbidities. This mini-review has focused on the three significant co-morbidities viz., heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes, which are posing high health concerns and increased mortality during this ongoing pandemic. The observed co-morbidities have been found to be associated with the increasing risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 critical illness as well as to be associated positively with the worsening of the health condition of COVID-19 suffering individuals resulting in the high risk for mortality. SARS-CoV-2 enters host cell via angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors. Regulation of crucial cardiovascular functions and metabolisms like blood pressure and sugar levels are being carried out by ACE2. This might be one of the reasons that contribute to the higher mortality in COVID-19 patients having co-morbidities. Clinical investigations have identified higher levels of creatinine, cardiac troponin I, alanine aminotransferase, NT-proBNP, creatine kinase, D-dimer, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase in patients who have succumbed to death from COVID-19 as compared to recovered individuals. More investigations are required to identify the modes behind increased mortality in COVID-19 patients having co-morbidities of heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes. This will enable us to design and develop suitable therapeutic strategies for reducing the mortality. More attention and critical care need to be paid to such high risk patients suffering from co-morbidities during COVID-19 pandemic.
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Fathima A, Manikandamathavan VM, Jonnalagadda RR, Unni Nair B. Chromium-catechin complex, synthesis and toxicity check using bacterial models. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04563. [PMID: 32793825 PMCID: PMC7415841 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromium-catechin complex was synthesized by reacting [Cr(H2O)6]2+ (hexa-aqua) with catechin as a ligand. Toxicity studies were carried out for the complex using bacterial models for safer application of this complex in the future as a drug. Chromium-catechin complex was characterized using ESI Mass spectrometry, electronic spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The complex was found mildly inhibitory towards B. subtilis with the mode of action being oxidative damage, targeting cell membrane. The complex was supportive towards E. coli, which was evident from the growth profile and inhibition studies. SEM analysis supported the results of membrane integrity studies, where the bacterial liposomes upon treatment with the complex revealed slight morphological changes in the case of B. subtilis, without any change in the case of E. coli. The toxicity studies on chromium-catechin complex using bacterial model saves time, as well as resources by providing quick and reliable results, which could ease up the work to be done in future with higher group of organisms like animal model. Therefore, in the future, this complex can be used as an antidiabetic drug after performing toxicity studies with animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aafreen Fathima
- Chemical Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) - Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
| | | | - Raghava Rao Jonnalagadda
- Chemical Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) - Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
| | - Balachandran Unni Nair
- Chemical Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) - Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Adyar, Chennai 600 020, India
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75
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Sheikhhossein F, Amini MR, Shahinfar H, Djafari F, Safabakhsh M, Shab-Bidar S. Effects of chromium supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Integr Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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76
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Cannas D, Loi E, Serra M, Firinu D, Valera P, Zavattari P. Relevance of Essential Trace Elements in Nutrition and Drinking Water for Human Health and Autoimmune Disease Risk. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2074. [PMID: 32668647 PMCID: PMC7400883 DOI: 10.3390/nu12072074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Trace elements produce double-edged effects on the lives of animals and particularly of humans. On one hand, these elements represent potentially toxic agents; on the other hand, they are essentially needed to support growth and development and confer protection against disease. Certain trace elements and metals are particularly involved in humoral and cellular immune responses, playing the roles of cofactors for essential enzymes and antioxidant molecules. The amount taken up and the accumulation in human tissues decisively control whether the exerted effects are toxic or beneficial. For these reasons, there is an urgent need to re-consider, harmonize and update current legislative regulations regarding the concentrations of trace elements in food and in drinking water. This review aims to provide information on the interrelation of certain trace elements with risk of autoimmune disease, with a particular focus on type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis. In addition, an overview of the current regulations and regulatory gaps is provided in order to highlight the importance of this issue for everyday nutrition and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Cannas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Biology and Genetics, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (D.C.); (E.L.)
| | - Eleonora Loi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Biology and Genetics, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (D.C.); (E.L.)
| | - Matteo Serra
- Department of Civil, Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Davide Firinu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Monserrato Campus, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Paolo Valera
- Department of Civil, Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Zavattari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Biology and Genetics, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (D.C.); (E.L.)
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77
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Oyebanjo O, Ekosse GI, Odiyo J. Health Risk Evaluation of Trace Elements in Geophagic Kaolinitic Clays within Eastern Dahomey and Niger Delta Basins, Nigeria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E4813. [PMID: 32635450 PMCID: PMC7369916 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The deliberate consumption of earthly materials is a universally recognised habit with health benefits and risks to those that practice it. Thirteen (13) samples comprising of six (6) Cretaceous and seven (7) Paleogene/Neogene geophagic kaolinitic materials, respectively, were collected and analysed for trace element concentrations (V, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, Pb, and Fe), and possible risk on consumers' health. The trace element compositions were obtained using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) analytical methods. Based on their average concentrations, Fe > V > Cr > Ni > Zn > Pb > Cu > Co and Fe > V > Cr > Zn > Cu > Pb > Ni > Co for the Cretaceous and Paleogene/Neogene geophagic clays, respectively. Iron concentrations were significantly higher in Paleogene/Neogene geophagic clays than in Cretaceous geophagic clays. The nutritional value of Cu and Zn were lower whereas, Cr and Fe were higher than the recommended dietary intake. The index of geoaccumulation (0 < Igeo ≤ 1) showed that the geophagic materials were uncontaminated to moderately contaminated by the trace elements. The overall hazard indices (HI) for non-carcinogenic effects showed that the geophagic clays pose threat to children (HI > 1) and no threat to adults (HI < 1) health. However, the carcinogenic risk indices (CRI) for Cr, Ni, and Pb were within acceptable cancer risks (10-6 < CRI < 10-4) for children and adults. Hence, based on the trace element s HI and CRI, this study concluded that the consumption of Cretaceous and Paleogene/Neogene geophagic kaolinitic clays poses no risks to adult health but children might suffer health risk if the geophagic clays are not beneficiated before ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaonipekun Oyebanjo
- Natural History Museum, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Osun State, Nigeria
- Directorate of Research and Innovation, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, Limpopo Province, South Africa;
| | - Georges-Ivo Ekosse
- Directorate of Research and Innovation, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, Limpopo Province, South Africa;
| | - John Odiyo
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, Limpopo Province, South Africa;
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Östman E, Samigullin A, Heyman-Lindén L, Andersson K, Björck I, Öste R, Humpert PM. A novel nutritional supplement containing amino acids and chromium decreases postprandial glucose response in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234237. [PMID: 32579549 PMCID: PMC7313729 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
High postprandial blood glucose levels are associated with increased mortality, cardiovascular events and development of diabetes in the general population. Interventions targeting postprandial glucose have been shown to prevent both cardiovascular events and diabetes. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of a novel nutritional supplement targeting postprandial glucose excursions in non-diabetic adults. Sixty overweight healthy male and female participants were recruited at two centers and randomized in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design. The supplement, a water-based drink containing 2.6g of amino acids (L-Leucine, L-Threonine, L-Lysine Monohydrochloride, L-Isoleucine, L-Valine) and 250 mcg of chromium picolinate, was consumed with a standardized carbohydrate-rich meal. The primary endpoint was the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for venous blood glucose from 0 to 120 minutes. Secondary endpoints included glucose iAUC 0–180 minutes and the maximum glucose concentration (Cmax), for both venous and capillary blood glucose. In the intention-to-treat-analysis (n = 60) the supplement resulted in a decreased venous blood glucose iAUC0-120min compared to placebo, mean (SE) of 68.7 (6.6) versus 52.2 (6.8) respectively, a difference of -16.5 mmol/L•min (95% CI -3.1 to -30.0, p = 0.017). The Cmax for venous blood glucose for the supplement and placebo were 6.45 (0.12) versus 6.10 (<0.12), respectively, a difference of -0.35 mmol/L (95% CI -0.17 to -0.53, p<0.001). In the per protocol-analysis (n = 48), the supplement resulted in a decreased Cmax compared to placebo from 6.42 (0.14) to 6.12 (0.14), a difference of -0.29 mmol/L (95% CI -0.12 to -0.47, p = 0.002). No significant differences in capillary blood glucose were found, as measured by regular bed-side glucometers. The nutritional supplement drink containing amino acids and chromium improves the postprandial glucose homeostasis in overweight adults without diabetes. Future studies should clarify, whether regular consumption of the supplement improves markers of disease or could play a role in a diet aiming at preventing the development of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Östman
- Food for Health Science Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | - Kristina Andersson
- Aventure AB, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Inger Björck
- Food for Health Science Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rickard Öste
- Food for Health Science Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Aventure AB, Lund, Sweden
| | - Per M. Humpert
- StarScience GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany
- Stoffwechselzentrum Rhein Pfalz, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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79
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Kifle ZD, Yesuf JS, Atnafie SA. Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo Anti-Diabetic, Anti-Hyperlipidemic and Anti-Oxidant Activity of Flower Crude Extract and Solvent Fractions of Hagenia Abyssinica (Rosaceae). J Exp Pharmacol 2020; 12:151-167. [PMID: 32607006 PMCID: PMC7293407 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s249964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The flower of Hagenia abyssinica (Rosaceae) has been used in traditional health systems to treat diabetes mellitus in Ethiopia and Tanzania. However, the antidiabetic activity of this medicinal plant is not scientifically validated and authenticated. The present study aimed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo anti-diabetic activity of flower crude extract and solvent fractions of Hagenia abyssinica. METHODS The in vitro α-amylase inhibition and antioxidant activity of the crude extract and solvent fractions of Hagenia abyssinica were evaluated by using 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA) and diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay model, respectively. Blood glucose lowering activity of 80% methanolic flower crude extract and solvent fraction was studied in four animal models: normoglycemic mice model, oral glucose loaded mice model, single dose-treated streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice model, and repeated dose-treated streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice model. The effect of the crude extract and solvent fraction of Hagenia abyssinica on diabetic lipid profile and body weight was also studied. RESULTS The acute toxicity study of Hagenia abyssinica flower extract did not show mortality in the animals at the limit dose of 2g/kg during the observation period. The result of α-amylase enzyme inhibition activity was found in a dose-dependent manner, the strongest activity was shown by ethyl acetate fraction (54.23% inhibition at 800 μg/mL) compared to the standard acarbose having 91.87% inhibition at 800 μg/mL. Among these extracts, the crude extract had the highest antioxidant activity (58.38% inhibition at 500 μg/mL). The crude extract of H. abyssinica showed significant blood glucose-lowering effect on normoglycemic mice and oral glucose loaded mice. In streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice model, the crude extract and ethyl acetate fraction significantly decreased the fasting blood glucose level after 14 days of treatment. There were significant reductions in serum total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, very low-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein. However, there were significant increments in body weight and high-density lipoprotein as compared to untreated diabetic mice. CONCLUSION The result demonstrated the beneficial biochemical effects of Hagenia abyssinica extract by inhibiting α-amylase, scavenging diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and improving serum lipid profile levels. The flower crude extract and solvent fractions of Hagenia abyssinica are effective in lowering blood glucose levels in diabetic and normoglycemic mice. The claimed traditional use as antidiabetic has scientific ground.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemene Demelash Kifle
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Jibril Seid Yesuf
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Seyfe Asrade Atnafie
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Gondar, Ethiopia
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80
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Xia S, Song Z, Jeyakumar P, Bolan N, Wang H. Characteristics and applications of biochar for remediating Cr(VI)-contaminated soils and wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2020; 42:1543-1567. [PMID: 31673917 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-019-00445-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is a common environmental contaminant due to industrial processes and anthropogenic activities such as mining of chrome ore, electroplating, timber treatment, leather tanning, fertilizer and pesticide, etc. Cr exists mainly in both hexavalent [Cr(VI)] and trivalent [Cr(III)] form, being Cr(VI) with non-degradability and potential to be hidden, thereby affecting surrounding environment and being toxic to human health. Therefore, researches on remediation of Cr pollution in the environment have received much attention. Biochar is a low-cost adsorbent, which has been identified as a suitable material for Cr(VI) immobilization and removal from soil and wastewater. This review incorporates existing literature to provide a detailed examination into the (1) Cr chemistry, the source and current status of Cr pollution, and Cr toxicity and health; (2) feedstock and characterization of biochar; (3) processes and mechanisms of immobilization and removal of Cr by biochar, including oxidation-reduction, electrostatic interactions, complexation, ion exchange, and precipitation; (4) applications of biochar for Cr(VI) remediation and the modification of biochar to improve its performance; (5) factors affecting removal efficiency of Cr(VI) with respect to its physico-chemical conditions, including pH, temperature, initial concentration, reaction time, biochar characteristics, and coexisting contaminants. Finally, we identify current issues, challenges, and put forward recommendations as well as proposed directions for future research. This review provides a thorough understanding of using biochar as an emerging biomaterial adsorbent in Cr(VI)-contaminated soils and wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaopan Xia
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhaoliang Song
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Paramsothy Jeyakumar
- Environmental Sciences, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Hailong Wang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Talab AT, Abdollahzad H, Nachvak SM, Pasdar Y, Eghtesadi S, Izadi A, Aghdashi MA, Mohammad Hossseini Azar MR, Moradi S, Mehaki B, Moradi S. Effects of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Randomized Clinical Trial. Clin Nutr Res 2020; 9:97-106. [PMID: 32395440 PMCID: PMC7192664 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2020.9.2.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious public health problem accompanies with several complications. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of chromium picolinate (CrPic) supplementation on the glycemic status and lipid profile in patients with T2DM. The patients with T2DM (n = 52) were randomly allocated into 2 groups. One group received 400 µg CrPic per day and the other group took placebo; the intervention duration was 8 weeks. Anthropometric indices and metabolic factors were measured at the beginning, and at end of the study. The patients were recommended not to change their normal diet, life style and medication. No significant changes were observed for weight, body mass index, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in both groups; while intra-groups changes in homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) value was significant (p < 0.05). Results of analysis of covariance showed that there were significance differences between groups in total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and HOMA-IR at the end of the intervention adjusting for baseline levels (p = 0.035, 0.030 and < 0.001, respectively). In this study, oral supplementation with 400 µg CrPic for eight weeks did not alter FBG concentration as well as anthropometric parameters in individuals with T2DM. However, the modest beneficial effects of chromium supplementation on insulin resistance as indicated by HOMA-IR and lipid profile were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aria Tavakoli Talab
- Be'sat Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838678, Iran
| | - Hadi Abdollahzad
- Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851351, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mustafa Nachvak
- Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851351, Iran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851351, Iran
| | - Shahryar Eghtesadi
- Islamic Azad University; Tehran Medical Branch and Science & Research Branch, Tehran 1477983855, Iran
| | - Azimeh Izadi
- Students' Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614711, Iran
| | - Mir Amir Aghdashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 5714783734, Iran
| | | | - Sedighe Moradi
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1593716615, Iran
| | - Behzad Mehaki
- Department of Biostatistics, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
| | - Shima Moradi
- Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851351, Iran
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Mihai O, Kawamoto MS, LeBlanc KL, Grinberg P, Nogueira ARDA, Mester Z. Determination of chromium picolinate and trace hexavalent chromium in multivitamins and supplements by HPLC-ICP-QQQ-MS. J Food Compost Anal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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83
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Successive use of microorganisms to remove chromium from wastewater. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:3729-3743. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10533-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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84
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Khodavirdipour A, Haddadi F, Keshavarzi S. Chromium Supplementation; Negotiation with Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperlipidemia and Depression. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:585-595. [PMID: 32550211 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00501-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is an essential trace element which found naturally in a daily diet and available in the form of supplementary tablets to boost disorders like diabetes mellitus (DM) and functions like lipid metabolism and beneficial on depression too. Diabetes is one of the most prevalent endocrine diseases or in other words, the most severe metabolic syndrome (MS), which associated with high production of free-radicals which is out of bodies detoxifying machine capacity or high oxidative stress (HOS), vasculitis and elevated lipid profile. many research papers and clinical trials published about the significance of chromium on biological activities, pre and post clinical. For this review research articles, clinical trials, from 1st Jan'10 to 31st Dec'18 and refer literature for the biochemical, pharmacological and biological activity of Chromium. Primarily articles gathered from the above search engines. Then precisely according to our aim and goal and regarding designed objectives dismisses similar articles and finally came to 84 articles for the above said period. This review trying to cover the entire picture from what chromium is to the recent updates on their greater role in increasing insulin sensitivity of cells and enhancing lipid metabolism and even recent findings suggest its positive effects including prevention and ameliorating properties on depression. The biological activities, pharmacological features, clinical implications including efficacy and role of chromium compounds on the glycaemic index will be discussed. The outcome of this review is to bring the pros and cons of chromium supplementation along with is safety and toxicity concern beside molecular pathways, biochemistry and clinical trials, all in one comprehensive review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Khodavirdipour
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Anatomy, St. john's hospital, Bangalore, India.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 98613-35856 Iran
| | - Fatemeh Haddadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - Shiva Keshavarzi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
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85
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Cytotoxicity, alpha-glucosidase inhibition and molecular docking studies of hydroxamic acid chromium(III) complexes. J Biol Inorg Chem 2020; 25:239-252. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-020-01755-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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86
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Wang X, Xu J, Liu J, Liu J, Xia F, Wang C, Dahlgren RA, Liu W. Mechanism of Cr(VI) removal by magnetic greigite/biochar composites. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 700:134414. [PMID: 31698277 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study synthesized magnetic greigite/biochar composites (MGBs) by a solvothermal method and tested their ability to remove Cr(VI) from heavy metal-polluted wastewater. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that magnetic greigite (Fe3S4) flakes were aggregated and anchored to the biochar surface, resulting in more active sites than pristine biochar. Maximum Cr removal efficiency and capacity of MGB-30 (greigite/biochar = 30%) at an initial Cr(VI) concentration of 20 mg/L were 93% and 23.25 mg/g, respectively. A pseudo-first-order kinetic model was determined for the Cr(VI) removal process and the Cr(VI) removal rate constants were highly dependent on the mass ratios of Fe3S4 loaded on biochar, initial MGB and Cr(VI) concentrations and solution pH. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and flame atomic absorption spectrometric (FAAS) analysis demonstrated that Cr(VI) was preferentially adsorbed on MGBs and subsequently reduced to Cr(III) by MGBs. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and iron redox transformations revealed that the Cr(VI) removal enhancement was attributed to efficient surface Fe(III)/Fe(II) cycling via electron transfer with the persistent free radicals (PFRs) of biochar. These novel findings provide new insights into the Fe(III)/Fe(II) cycle induced by biochar and the prospects of using magnetic greigite/biochar composites for remediation of Cr(VI)-rich wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedong Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute, College of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute, College of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute, College of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute, College of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Xia
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute, College of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuicui Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute, College of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Randy A Dahlgren
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute, College of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China; Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Wei Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, Southern Zhejiang Water Research Institute, College of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China.
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Stępniowska A, Drażbo A, Kozłowski K, Ognik K, Jankowski J. The Effect of Chromium Nanoparticles and Chromium Picolinate in the Diet of Chickens on Levels of Selected Hormones and Tissue Antioxidant Status. Animals (Basel) 2019; 10:ani10010045. [PMID: 31878318 PMCID: PMC7023075 DOI: 10.3390/ani10010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary We have postulated that supplementation with Cr can increase serotonin levels and improve the antioxidant status of chickens, with no adverse effect on the secretion of other hormones. Obtaining such results may be beneficial in high-density rearing of poultry exposed to many stressors. The studies compared the effects of two forms of Cr (Cr-Pic and Cr-NP) found at two doses 3 and 6 mg/kg. It was found that at the dose of 3 mg/kg, the expected beneficial results can be obtained (increase in serotonin and decrease in norepinephrine level), however, due to the deterioration of the antioxidative system, these studies should be continued to verify these results. Due to the adverse effect of Cr at 3 mg/kg on the antioxidant status of chickens, this level of Cr should not be considered in both forms Cr-Pic and Cr-NP as a feed additive for broiler chickens. In the future, studies on the potential beneficial effects of Cr on the organism should take into account doses lower than 3 mg/kg. Abstract We have postulated that supplementation with Cr can increase serotonin levels and improve the antioxidant status of chickens, with no adverse effect on the secretion of other hormones. The study aimed to determine what form and dose of Cr more favorably affect the level of selected hormones (insulin, glucagon, serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline, histamine, T3 and T4) and the antioxidant status (level of malondialdehyde and lipid peroxides, activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase) of chicken tissues. The experiment was carried out on chickens randomly divided into five treatment groups. The basal diets (control group) were supplemented with two levels of Cr (3 and 6 mg/kg) and two Cr sources: Cr-picolinate (Cr-Pic) and Cr-nano (Cr-NP) to obtain four experimental diets: 3 mg/kg Cr-Pic, 6.0 mg/kg Cr-Pic, 3.0 mg/kg Cr-NP. and 6.0 mg/kg Cr-NP. The addition of Cr in both forms increased the level of serotonin at a dose of 3 mg/kg and, at the same time, reduced the level of noradrenaline. The addition of Cr at 3 mg/kg, irrespective of the form used, regulated the level of hormones of carbohydrate metabolism (increasing insulin levels and reducing glucagon levels) and had an adverse effect on the antioxidant status of the liver and breast muscle. Due to the adverse effect of Cr at 3 mg/kg on the antioxidant status of chickens, this level of Cr should not be considered in both forms Cr-Pic and Cr-NP as a feed additive for broiler chickens. In the future, studies on the potential beneficial effects of Cr on the organism should take into account doses lower than 3 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stępniowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-8144-56916
| | - Aleksandra Drażbo
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (A.D.); (K.K.); (J.J.)
| | - Krzysztof Kozłowski
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (A.D.); (K.K.); (J.J.)
| | - Katarzyna Ognik
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jan Jankowski
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (A.D.); (K.K.); (J.J.)
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88
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Naidu BG, Srikanth S, Raju GJN, Sarita P. PIXE analysis of blood serum of breast cancer patients undergoing successive chemotherapy. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-019-06988-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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89
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Bonilla JO, Callegari EA, Estevéz MC, Villegas LB. Intracellular Proteomic Analysis of Streptomyces sp. MC1 When Exposed to Cr(VI) by Gel-Based and Gel-Free Methods. Curr Microbiol 2019; 77:62-70. [PMID: 31705393 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-019-01790-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The actinobacterium Streptomyces sp. MC1 has previously shown the capacity to resist and remove Cr(VI) from liquid culture media. The aim of this work is to analyze the differential expression pattern of intracellular proteins when Streptomyces sp. MC1 is exposed to Cr(VI) in order to explain the molecular mechanisms of resistance that this microorganism possesses. For this purpose, 2D-PAGE and shotgun proteomic analyses (2D-nanoUPLC-ESI-MS/MS) were applied. The presence of Cr(VI) induced the expression of proteins involved in molecular biosynthesis and energy generation, chaperones with a key role in the repair of misfolded proteins and stress response, transcription proteins, proteins of importance in the DNA supercoiling, repair and replication, and dehydrogenases involved in oxidation-reduction processes. These dehydrogenases can be associated with the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III). The results of this study show that proteins from the groups mentioned before are important to face the stress caused by the Cr(VI) presence and help the microorganism to counteract the toxicity of the metal. The use of two proteomic approaches resulted in a larger number of peptides identified, which is also transduced in a significant number of protein ID. This decreased the potential complexity of the sample because of the protein dynamic range, as well as increased the recovery of peptides from the gel after digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- José O Bonilla
- Instituto de Química San Luis (INQUISAL), CONICET, Chacabuco 917, 5700, San Luis, Argentina.,Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Eduardo A Callegari
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - María C Estevéz
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina.,Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Liliana B Villegas
- Instituto de Química San Luis (INQUISAL), CONICET, Chacabuco 917, 5700, San Luis, Argentina. .,Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, 5700, San Luis, Argentina.
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90
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Effect of Varying Levels of Chromium Propionate on Growth Performance and Blood Biochemistry of Broilers. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9110935. [PMID: 31703417 PMCID: PMC6912386 DOI: 10.3390/ani9110935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The current study evaluated the effects of dietary chromium propionate supplementation on growth performance and blood biochemistry of broilers. Results showed that chromium propionate has improved weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of broilers. Also, meat to fat ratio improved and lean meat may be produced. Based on the study results, the recommended level of chromium propionate supplementation to broiler diet for better performance and weight gain is 400 ppb. Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of varying levels of chromium propionate on blood biochemistry and growth performance of broilers (1–35 days). Five diets were formulated by using chromium propionate with inclusion levels of 0, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 ppb. A total of 300 broilers were divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates of 10 birds in each under completely randomized design. The starter feed intake remained unaffected (p > 0.05) whereas finisher and overall feed intake was different (p < 0.05) among different experimental groups. Feed conversion ratio and weight gain in starter, finisher and overall improved significantly (p < 0.05) with the increasing levels of chromium propionate. Blood glucose was decreased (p < 0.05) with increasing dietary chromium level. Chromium supplementation did not affect antibodies titers against NDV and AIV-H9. Neither live, hilal, after skin removal, eviscerated, chest weight and legs with shanks weight nor liver and heart weights were affected (p > 0.05) while gizzard weight reduced significantly (p < 0.05) due to supplementation of chromium. On the basis of results, it may be concluded that chromium propionate supplementation improved weight gain and FCR and reduced blood glucose. However, better performance and weight gain may be achieved if chromium propionate is added at the rate of 400 ppb in broiler diets.
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91
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Preparation of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide‑chromium (III) complex and its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities in high-fat and high-fructose diet-induced pre-diabetic mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 140:782-793. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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92
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Abstract
Purpose
This paper is a systemic review on enset plant’s role in Ethiopian people’s life as the source of food. This paper aims to summarize the traditional processing and preparation methods of enset-based foods and their nutritional composition.
Design/methodology/approach
Available scientific articles were collected and reviewed for enset plant evaluation, description, enset plant’s role in Ethiopian people’s food security, post harvesting and traditional processing of enset plants, microbiology of the fermented enset foods, different foods reported from enset, nutritional profile of the three food from enset base (kocho, bulla and amicho) and other non-food applications of enset plant.
Findings
Enset plant has a predominant role in people living in the southern part of Ethiopia. This plant is drought-tolerant and provides many non-food applications. Harvesting of the enset plant, preparing for fermentation and food preparations follow the traditional route by using the indigenous knowledge and practices. Limited studies have been reported on the microbiology of the enset fermentation, but various types of microbes have been reported. In case of nutritional composition, foods from enset are reported to contain high carbohydrate and minerals content, such as calcium, potassium and zinc, but limited protein content; they are also the best source of the essential amino acids such as lysine and leucine. Limited data are available on vitamins, anti-oxidant and fatty acids profiles of enset-based foods. The existing data indicate variations, and the reasons for variability are discussed in this paper.
Originality/value
Scientific reviews on enset food nutrition profile and related issues are scarce; this paper will compile information about enset plant-based foods for researchers for their future research.
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93
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Gordon A, Buch Z, Baute V, Coeytaux R. Use of Ayurveda in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Glob Adv Health Med 2019; 8:2164956119861094. [PMID: 31431828 PMCID: PMC6686320 DOI: 10.1177/2164956119861094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ayurveda is an ancient medicine practice that is emerging in the United States as a complementary and alternative treatment for chronic illness. Type 2 diabetes is a chronic illness that has major long-term implications for individuals suffering from the disease as well as the health-care system as a whole. Modifications in diet, exercise, and lifestyle are all important factors in successful treatment of type 2 diabetes and are incorporated into the ancient Indian medicinal practice of Ayurveda. Review Summary: This review summarizes the available evidence for the use of Ayurvedic therapies in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. For the treatment of type 2 diabetes, Ayurvedic practices primarily emphasizes the use of herbal supplements; however, exercise, weight management, and various supplemental procedures are included in Ayurvedic practices. The goal of Ayurvedic practices on the treatment of type 2 diabetes like in Western medicine focuses on bringing the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) value into a therapeutic range. Where Ayurveda differs is that it looks at the functionality of a person in the context of striking a balance between the life forces or doshas that each individual possesses. Finally, this article includes a case study received from AyurVAID clinic in Bangalore, India that details the specific Ayurvedic intervention used in a patient, bringing his HbA1c from a level of 11.2 to 5.7 over the course of 9 months. Conclusion Patients with type 2 diabetes may inquire about current complementary and alternative therapies available for the treatment of their disease. Awareness of such modalities is necessary for effective patient counseling and care. The benefits of offering a wide array of treatment options include possible reduction of HbA1c and of comorbidities with adjunct use of supplements and mind–body practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Gordon
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Allison Gordon, 230 Lackland Ct, Atlanta, GA 30350, USA.
| | - Zankhana Buch
- Department of Kayachikitsa, AyurVAID Hospitals, Bangalore, India
| | - Vanessa Baute
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Remy Coeytaux
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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94
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Mahmoud HS, Elsaed WM, Gabr SA. Camel Urotherapy and Hepatoprotective Effects Against Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Liver Toxicity. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.696.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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95
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Synthesis, crystal structure, hirshfeld surface analysis, spectroscopic, optical and thermal behavior of new organic-inorganic hybrid material (C7H11N2)2[CrCl2(H2O)4]Cl3·2H2O. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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96
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Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and theoretical studies on the substitution reaction of chromium(III) picolinate. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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97
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Chong RWW, Ball M, McRae C, Packer NH. Comparing the chemical composition of dietary fibres prepared from sugarcane, psyllium husk and wheat dextrin. Food Chem 2019; 298:125032. [PMID: 31260968 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A dietary fibre prepared from sugarcane stalk was compared with psyllium husk and wheat dextrin. In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73-86%), lignin (18.66-20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67-2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07-2.34 mg/100 g). Analysis of the ethanol extract also detected compounds with antioxidant activity. Characterisation of five sugarcane fibres prepared from selected strains, harvest periods (growth or storage phase), and processing conditions showed these factors influenced the final composition. Furthermore, using in vitro digestion, we found that potassium, magnesium, chromium, and zinc in were bioaccessible in sugarcane samples. Also, sodium was shown to bind to the sugarcane fibre potentially indicating bile salt binding activity. Results from this study support the use of sugarcane as a source of dietary fibre in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Wei Wern Chong
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, North Ryde, 2109, New South Wales, Australia; Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Molecular Technology in the Food Industry, Australia.
| | - Malcolm Ball
- Gratuk Technologies Pty. Ltd., Lane Cove North, 2066, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Christopher McRae
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, North Ryde, 2109, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Nicolle H Packer
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, North Ryde, 2109, New South Wales, Australia; Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Molecular Technology in the Food Industry, Australia.
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98
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Dai X, Deng Q, Guo D, Ni L, Li J, Chen Z, Zhang L, Xu T, Song W, Luo Y, Hu L, Hu C, Yi G, Pan Z. Association of urinary metal profiles with serum uric acid: a cross-sectional study of traffic policemen in Wuhan, China. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e022542. [PMID: 31079077 PMCID: PMC6530447 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Serum uric acid (SUA) is both a strong antioxidant and one of the key risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). We aimed to investigate the associations of urinary metal profile with SUA in traffic policemen in Wuhan, China. DESIGN A cross-sectional study was carried out in traffic policemen. SETTING A seriously polluted Chinese city. PARTICIPANTS A total of 186 traffic policemen were recruited in this study. About 56 of them worked in the logistics department and the other 130 maintained traffic order or dealt with traffic accidents on the roads. All these subjects had worked as a policeman for at least 1 year. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES SUA. RESULTS The significantly negative association of lead with SUA was consistent between single-metal and multiple-metal models (p=0.004 and p=0.020, respectively). Vanadium, chromium and tin were reversely associated with SUA levels in the single-metal models after false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment (all P_FDR < 0.05). One IQR increase in vanadium, chromium, tin and lead was associated with 26.9 µmol/L (95% CI -44.6 to -9.2; p=0.003), 27.4 µmol/L (95% CI -46.1 to -8.8; p=0.004), 11.2 µmol/L (95% CI -18.9 to -3.4; p=0.005) and 16.4 µmol/L (95% CI -27.6 to -5.2; p=0.004) decrease in SUA, respectively. Significant interaction between smoking and vanadium on decreased SUV was found (pfor interaction = 0.007 and p_FDR = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS Urinary vanadium, chromium, tin and lead were negatively associated with SUA. Vanadium and cigarette smoking jointly affected SUA levels. Further studies are needed to replicate these findings and to investigate the potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayun Dai
- Medical Department, Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Qifei Deng
- Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongmei Guo
- Medical Department, Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Ni
- Physical Examination Department, Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Jichao Li
- Medical Department, Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenlong Chen
- Medical Department, Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Tian Xu
- Radiology Department, Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Weili Song
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongbin Luo
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Hu
- Physical Examination Department, Wuhan Red Cross Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Caiying Hu
- Physical Examination Department, Wuhan Red Cross Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Guilin Yi
- Medical Department, Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiwei Pan
- Medical Department, Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Wuhan, China
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99
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Vänskä M, Diab SY, Perko K, Quota SR, Albarqouni NM, Myöhänen A, Punamäki RL, Manduca P. Toxic Environment of war: Maternal prenatal heavy metal load predicts infant emotional development. Infant Behav Dev 2019; 55:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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100
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Wharton S, Bonder R, Jeffery A, Christensen RAG. The safety and effectiveness of commonly-marketed natural supplements for weight loss in populations with obesity: A critical review of the literature from 2006 to 2016. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:1614-1630. [PMID: 30896252 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1584873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the evidence published from 2006 to 2016 on the effectiveness and safety of commonly used natural supplements for weight loss in individuals with obesity.Methods: Amazon and Google were searched for names of mono-agent natural supplements marketed for weight loss and a list of the 10 supplements was created. Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct, and the Cochrane Library were searched for articles that met inclusion.Results: At least one article was published on the effectiveness or safety of bitter orange, capsinoid, carnitine, chromium picolinate, Coleus forskohlii, conjugated linoleic acid, glucomannan, green tea and psyllium for weight loss in populations with obesity from 2006 to 2016. There was insufficient evidence to suggest that the natural supplements examined contribute to significant weight loss, with the exception of perhaps glucomannan in the form of PGX. In general, the majority of side-effects reported were minor to moderate, and gastrointestinal-related. However, in some cases extreme side-effects such as liver and kidney failure were observed.Conclusion: Contrary to popular belief, results of this review suggest that the use of natural supplements for weight loss are unlikely to contribute to meaningful weight loss and in some cases may contribute to harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Wharton
- The Wharton Medical Clinic, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Revi Bonder
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaron Jeffery
- The Wharton Medical Clinic, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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