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Can Health-Enhancing Sporting Programs in Sports Clubs Lead to a Settings-Based Approach? An Exploratory Qualitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18116082. [PMID: 34200013 PMCID: PMC8200194 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18116082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There is limited knowledge about how a settings-based approach can be best applied in a sports club setting. This qualitative exploratory study examined whether and how sporting programs focusing on individual behavior change (i.e., increasing physical activity levels of inactive people) and implemented on the micro-level of the sports club, can be a first step towards a settings-based approach (i.e., inclusion of the meso- and macro-level of the sports club). In addition, this study explored factors that influenced the inclusion of the meso- and macro-level of the sports club. Telephone interviews were conducted with representatives of sixteen sports clubs about program activities on all levels of the sports club. Thematic analyses were performed to explore stimulating and hindering factors. After multiple years, six sports clubs also had program activities on the meso-level and twelve sports clubs had activities on the macro-level. Program activities differed per level within a sports club and on the same level between sports clubs. Cultural and social factors influenced macro-level activities, while predominantly economic factors influenced meso-level activities. Based on these factors, sports clubs could develop, prioritize, and choose strategies that support them in developing a settings-based approach when increasing physical activity levels of inactive citizens.
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102
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Hayashi C, Ogata S, Okano T, Toyoda H, Mashino S. Long-term participation in community group exercise improves lower extremity muscle strength and delays age-related declines in walking speed and physical function in older adults. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2021; 18:6. [PMID: 34049496 PMCID: PMC8161349 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-021-00260-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of group exercise on the physical function of community-dwelling older adults remain unclear. The changes in lower extremity muscle strength, timed up and go (TUG) time, and the motor fitness scale (MFS), over time, among older adults who expressed a willingness to participate in community-based physical exercise groups, were determined using multilevel modelling. METHODS We analyzed data of 2407 older adults between April 2010 and December 2019 from the registry of physical tests of community-based physical exercise groups. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to assess the effect of physical exercise on lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores. The durations of the exercises were evaluated by frequency of physical test's participate. RESULTS A deterioration in lower extremity muscle strength was found in the short-term participant group only. However, in the mid-term and long-term participation groups, lower extremity muscle strength showed a trend of improvement. The TUG time and the MFS score were negatively correlated with increasing age in both groups divided by the duration of participation. However, there was a slower rate of deterioration in the long-term participation group. DISCUSSION Lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores decline with increasing age and there were differences in the slope of deterioration that depended on the duration of participation in community-based group exercise. CONCLUSION Participation in group exercise improved lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores of older adults living in a community. The positive effects of group exercise were dependent on long-term participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Hayashi
- Research Institute of Nursing Care for People and Community, University of Hyogo, 13-71 Kitaoji-cho, Akashi, Hyogo, 673-8588, Japan.
| | - Soshiro Ogata
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibeshinmachi, Suita, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Tadashi Okano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-City, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Toyoda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-City, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Sonoe Mashino
- Research Institute of Nursing Care for People and Community, University of Hyogo, 13-71 Kitaoji-cho, Akashi, Hyogo, 673-8588, Japan
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103
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Sáez I, Solabarrieta J, Rubio I. Reasons for Sports-Based Physical Activity Dropouts in University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:5721. [PMID: 34073511 PMCID: PMC8198925 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive evidence reporting the numerous health benefits of physical activity, recent studies show that many people (60%) do not follow the recommendations to meet the accepted minimums of physical activity. Some of the main problems in today's society are the high dropout rates (35%) and low adherence to the conditions for achieving the physical activity recommendations. The aim of the study is to analyze the reasons for dropout from sports that the participants particularly liked, to design a new scale of reasons as to why they dropped out based on several previously existing scales, and to study the dropout differences based on different variables. The sample consisted of 813 Vizcaya university students (61.6% women and 38.4% men), aged between 18 and 29 (M = 20.5; SD = 1.8). Frequency distributions, univariate descriptive analyses, and bivariate statistical analyses, such as t-test, analysis of variance, and correlations, were analyzed. The construct validity of the dropout reasons questionnaire was analyzed by combining an Exploratory Factor Analysis (n = 406) and a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (n = 407). The five-factor measurement model was appropriate and allowed to identify the factor rankings and its relation to some key variables. Lack of time (or dedication to other activities unrelated to physical activity) and fatigue seem to be the main factors for dropping out. The life changes produced at the time of entry and during university life seem to guide students to value other activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iker Sáez
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Science, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbao, Spain;
| | - Josu Solabarrieta
- Department of Educational Innovation and Organization, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbao, Spain;
| | - Isabel Rubio
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Science, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbao, Spain;
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104
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Wang P, Chi X, Yu Y. The application of deep learning in college students’ sports cognition and health concept. JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & FUZZY SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-219014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Researchers and scientists in practical sports psychology are involved in the sports psychology practice process. Current models of training appear unsatisfied to assist trainees in psychology to learn the necessary humanistic skills for the requirement of athlete-centered services. This article aims to include an example of the value of Deep Neural Network Assisted Reflective Approaches (DNARA) as an alternative to clinical training, which may enable practitioners to manage themselves better in action. It addresses the essence of professional understanding; To describe reflection and present common examples of a reflective method in the “education professions” during the creation of reflective practice. It discusses how reflective exercise can support a clinician’s professional and personal growth within the field of sport psychology and illustrate how reflective practice may improve. Finally, there is a discussion about appropriate platforms for the distribution of insightful content. DNARA method achieves the highest classification accuracy of 94.12%, and error rate is reduced to 0.40, and DNARA method is more efficient for student health concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Beijing Wuzi University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaopeng Chi
- Department of Physical Education & Research, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Physical Education, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing, China
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105
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Okechukwu CE. Role of Sports in Social Health Promotion. Int J Prev Med 2021; 12:44. [PMID: 34211675 PMCID: PMC8223909 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_332_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chidiebere E Okechukwu
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, Roma RM, Italy
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106
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Deck S, Doherty A, Hall C, Schneider A, Patil S, Belfry G. Perceived Time, Frequency, and Intensity of Engagement and Older Masters Athletes' Subjective Experiences. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:653590. [PMID: 34113845 PMCID: PMC8185057 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.653590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Masters athletes are a unique group of older adults whose experiences may provide valuable insights into the role of sport for successful aging. The purpose of this study was to explore whether masters athletes' social and psychological experiences vary with their time, frequency, and perceived exertion in training and competition. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 40 men and women older masters athletes, aged 50–79 years (M = 66), who were active at the competitive level across a variety of sports (e.g., volleyball, curling, rowing, dragon boating, running, swimming, and basketball) at the time of the study. Results indicate that all participants experienced social and psychological benefits from engaging in masters sport. Only the high-frequency engagement subgroup (participating five to seven times per week in training and/or competition) reported social downsides, in terms of missing time with family and friends outside of masters sport. However, some participants described the positive family support (e.g., spouse who endorses sport participation) that overrides some of the social costs. These findings have implications for realizing positive experiences with minimal engagement in masters sport, yet an apparent threshold of participation beyond which negative social consequences may be experienced. This is an important consideration for the design and promotion of sport for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Deck
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Alison Doherty
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Craig Hall
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Angela Schneider
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Swarali Patil
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Glen Belfry
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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107
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Facer-Childs ER, Hoffman D, Tran JN, Drummond SPA, Rajaratnam SMW. Sleep and mental health in athletes during COVID-19 lockdown. Sleep 2021; 44:zsaa261. [PMID: 33535229 PMCID: PMC7928674 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The global coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) pandemic and associated lockdown restrictions resulted in the majority of sports competitions around the world being put on hold. This includes the National Basketball Association, the UEFA Champions League, Australian Football League, the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games, and regional competitions. The mitigation strategies in place to control the pandemic have caused disruption to daily schedules, working environments, and lifestyle factors. Athletes rely on regular access to training facilities, practitioners, and coaches to maintain physical and mental health to achieve maximal performance and optimal recovery. Furthermore, participation in sport at any level increases social engagement and promotes better mental health. It is, therefore, critical to understanding how the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdown measures have affected the lives of athletes. We surveyed elite and sub-elite athletes (n = 565) across multiple sports. Significant disruptions were reported for all lifestyle factors including social interactions, physical activity, sleep patterns, and mental health. We found a significant increase in total sleep time and sleep latency, as well as a delay in mid-sleep times and a decrease in social jetlag. Training frequency and duration significantly decreased. Importantly, the changes to training and sleep-related factors were associated with mental health outcomes. With spikes in COVID-19 cases rising around the world and governments reinstituting lockdowns (e.g. United Kingdom; Melbourne, Australia; California, USA) these results will inform messaging and strategies to better manage sleep and mental health in a population for whom optimal performance is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise R Facer-Childs
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel Hoffman
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennie N Tran
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sean P A Drummond
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shantha M W Rajaratnam
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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108
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Westerbeek H, Eime R. The Physical Activity and Sport Participation Framework-A Policy Model Toward Being Physically Active Across the Lifespan. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:608593. [PMID: 34027402 PMCID: PMC8138121 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.608593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The changing social and policy context in which sport is produced, delivered, and consumed is considered as a foundation for proposing a new integrated framework that incorporates participation in sport with participation in leisure-time physical activity (PA) more broadly. In order to position sport in the broader context of leisure-time PA, the concept of physical literacy is reviewed and integrated into the theoretical foundations of a new lifespan framework. It is argued that historically, sport policy largely focused on competitive club-based sport and elite performance and that in line with this, talent development pathway models were developed and implemented. However, with increasing physical inactivity globally, these models do not apply to the general population. This is why we propose a population-based "whole of sport ecosystem" lifespan model-the Physical Activity and Sport Participation (PASP) framework. We conclude that this framework may serve as a holistic policy and implementation guide for all in the sport ecosystem. This includes governmental PA and sport policy makers, sport governing bodies and clubs, and the ever-increasing range of private PA and sport providers and also health agencies. In recognition of the changing patterns of participation in PA and sport across the lifespan, the PASP framework can contribute to coordinated and integrated PA and sport policy development, which, in turn, can lead to strategies that tackle the global physical inactivity crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Westerbeek
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rochelle Eime
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University, Ballarat, VIC, Australia
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109
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Falese L, Federico B, Kunst AE, Perelman J, Richter M, Rimpelä A, Lorant V. The association between socioeconomic position and vigorous physical activity among adolescents: a cross-sectional study in six European cities. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:866. [PMID: 33952232 PMCID: PMC8097935 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10791-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between socioeconomic position (SEP) and adolescent physical activity is uncertain, as most evidence is limited to specific settings and a restricted number of SEP indicators. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of socioeconomic differences in adolescent vigorous physical activity (VPA) across various European countries using a wide range of SEP indicators, including family-based (education, family affluence, perceived social standing, parents’ employment, housing tenure) and adolescent-based (academic performance and pocket money) ones. Methods We used data from a survey among 10,510 students aged 14–17 from 50 schools in six European cities: Namur (BE), Tampere (FI), Hannover (DE), Latina (IT), Amersfoort (NL), Coimbra (PT). The questionnaire included socio-demographic characteristics and the amount of time spent in VPA. Results The mean time spent practicing VPA was 60.4 min per day, with lower values for Namur (BE) and Latina (IT), and higher values for Amersfoort (NL). In the multivariable analysis, both categories of SEP indicators (family-based and adolescent based indicators) were independently associated with VPA. For each SEP indicator, lower levels of VPA were recorded in lower socioeconomic groups. In the total sample, each additional category of low SEP was associated with a decrease in mean VPA of about 4 min per day. Conclusions This study showed that across European cities adolescent VPA is positively related to both family-based SEP and adolescents’ own SEP. When analysing socioeconomic differences in adolescent VPA, one should consider the use of multiple indicators of SEP. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10791-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Falese
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via S. Angelo (Folcara), 03043, Cassino, FR, Italy.
| | - B Federico
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via S. Angelo (Folcara), 03043, Cassino, FR, Italy
| | - A E Kunst
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Perelman
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Richter
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - A Rimpelä
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, Nokia, Finland
| | - V Lorant
- Institute of Health and Society, Université Catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium
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110
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Portela-Pino I, Alvariñas-Villaverde M, Pino-Juste M. Socio-Emotional Skills in Adolescence. Influence of Personal and Extracurricular Variables. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4811. [PMID: 33946399 PMCID: PMC8124598 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Social-emotional skills have been an important object of study in recent years due to their relationship with academic, personal and professional success. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between these skills and different influential variables. The participants had a mean age of 14.18 years. The instruments used were the Social Emotional Competence Questionnaire (SECQ) and the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PACQ-A). Generally, the results indicated gender differences and no influence of age. Those who engaged in after-school activities scored higher on social awareness. In addition, artistic and musical extracurricular activities were associated with social-emotional skills, whereas sports activities were not. It was also found that the physical activity index was not related to socioemotional factors, except in self-awareness and in a negative way. It is necessary to analyse the quality of the extracurricular programmes offered and the training of the professionals in charge of their development. It also seems important to take into account the gender perspective in competence work, increasing self-management in girls and relationship management in boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iago Portela-Pino
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isabel I University, 09003 Burgos, Spain;
- Research Group on Education, Physical Activity and Health (GIES10), Galicia Sur Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain;
| | - Myriam Alvariñas-Villaverde
- Research Group on Education, Physical Activity and Health (GIES10), Galicia Sur Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain;
- Department of Special Didactics, Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Margarita Pino-Juste
- Research Group on Education, Physical Activity and Health (GIES10), Galicia Sur Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain;
- Department of Didactics, School Organization and Research Methods, Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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111
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Appelqvist-Schmidlechner K, Kyröläinen H, Häkkinen A, Vasankari T, Mäntysaari M, Honkanen T, Vaara JP. Childhood Sports Participation Is Associated With Health-Related Quality of Life in Young Men: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:642993. [PMID: 33969295 PMCID: PMC8100196 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.642993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine whether sports participation (SP), engagement in competitive sports (CS), and the type of sport undertaken at the age of 12 are associated with the physical and mental components of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in young adulthood. The data were collected using questionnaires prior to a compulsory military refresher training course in Finland. The sample consisted of 784 men (mean age 26 years). HRQoL was measured with RAND 36 and childhood SP with a series of questions. Data were analyzed with logistic regression. Higher frequency of SP, participation in district-level CS; performing team, endurance, or extreme sports; and playing yard games in childhood were after adjustments all associated with better HRQoL in early adulthood. The association was mainly found with the mental component, and to a lesser extent with the physical component, of HRQoL. Team (OR 1.43, CI 1.00-2.06) and extreme sports (OR 1.77, CI 1.19-2.63) were associated with better mental HRQoL, while playing yard games (OR 0.62, CI 0.44-0.89) reduced the likelihood for having low physical HRQoL. SP in childhood-in the forms of team or individual sports, but also as informal physical activity, such as playing yard games-is associated with HRQoL in young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaija Appelqvist-Schmidlechner
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Mental Health Unit, Helsinki, Finland.,Centre for Military Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Kyröläinen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Department of Leadership and Military Pedagogy, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arja Häkkinen
- Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Central Hospital of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- Urho Kaleva Kekkonen Institute for Health Promotion, Tampere, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | | | | | - Jani P Vaara
- Department of Leadership and Military Pedagogy, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland
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112
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Gatouillat C, Luiggi M, Griffet J, Travert M. 'What sport do you prefer to do?' Improving knowledge of adolescents' preferred sports within the sport participation decline framework. J Public Health (Oxf) 2021; 43:155-163. [PMID: 31774528 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdz143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sport participation is declining in some European countries. Previous findings recommended considering territorial specificities to adapt local sports promotion programs. However, in France, little is known about adolescents' preferences and their changes across time. This study aimed to measure preferred sports and their changes among a representative sample of adolescents of the third biggest French département. METHODS Data were extracted from a previous cross-sectional study that used a quota sampling design to respect the proportions of advantaged and disadvantaged schools. The present study involved 744 and 938 participants, in 2001 and 2015, respectively. Adolescent preferences were calculated by sex and socioeconomic status (SES). Multiple binary logistic regressions were performed to measure changes between 2001 and 2015 by sex and SES. RESULTS Sports preferences and their evolution differed by sex and SES. Three cases were observed: no significant change in sports preferences (low-SES boys), a sharp loss of interest for some sports (low-SES girls and high-SES boys) and a sharp loss of interest for some sports whilst others gained significant interest (high-SES girls). CONCLUSIONS This knowledge may help the development of sport promotion programs. Future sport policies could choose to develop sports that are preferred and increasingly appreciated by adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gatouillat
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, ISM, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - M Luiggi
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, ISM, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - J Griffet
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, ISM, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - M Travert
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, ISM, 13288 Marseille, France
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113
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van Dijk M, Allegaert P, Locus M, Deschodt M, Verheyden G, Tournoy J, Flamaing J. Geriatric Activation Program Pellenberg, a novel physiotherapy program for hospitalized patients on a geriatric rehabilitation ward. PHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 26:e1905. [PMID: 33783923 DOI: 10.1002/pri.1905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Regaining functional independence and independent living is challenging in hospitalized geriatric patients. Different from community dwelling and institutionalized older people, geriatric patients on rehabilitation wards generally receive more frequent and structured physiotherapy with the primary aim to discharge them to their home or place of residence. There is a paucity of evidence concerning the structure and components of physiotherapy programs to improve functional performance in this particular group. In this paper, we describe how we developed the Geriatric Activation Program Pellenberg (GAPP) based on patients' needs and available literature. METHODS We searched the literature on physiotherapy interventions focusing on the core components for improvement of functional performance: strength, balance, function, (gait)speed, coordination, and endurance training. Based on physiotherapist staffing and physiotherapy time allocated to each patient, we organized the practical, daily delivery of the program. RESULTS GAPP is a 5-day program, repeated weekly, delivered by physiotherapists and physiotherapy students. Each day, one or a combination of two to three different core components of functional performance is trained intensively in 45-min sessions. A set of standard exercises is constantly adjusted to each patients' capacity. On day 5, there is a mix of these core elements in a group session (e.g., chair-dance, table tennis, karate) and the Berg Balance Scale is completed to evaluate progress. CONCLUSION GAPP is a multicomponent physiotherapy program for hospitalized patients on a geriatric rehabilitation ward, aimed at improving functional performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaretha van Dijk
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UZ Leuven-University Hospitals Leuven, Campus Pellenberg, Pellenberg, Belgium
| | - Patsy Allegaert
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UZ Leuven-University Hospitals Leuven, Campus Pellenberg, Pellenberg, Belgium
| | - Marlies Locus
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UZ Leuven-University Hospitals Leuven, Campus Pellenberg, Pellenberg, Belgium
| | - Mieke Deschodt
- Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Nursing Science (INS), Department of Public Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Geert Verheyden
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jos Tournoy
- Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department Geriatric Medicine, UZ Leuven-University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Flamaing
- Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department Geriatric Medicine, UZ Leuven-University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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114
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AlDossary NM, Ostler C, Donovan-Hall M, Metcalf CD. Non-oncological outcomes following limb salvage surgery in patients with knee sarcoma: a scoping review. Disabil Rehabil 2021; 44:4531-4545. [PMID: 33756091 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2021.1900409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Limb salvage surgery is a surgical procedure for tumour resection in bone and soft-tissue cancers. Guidelines aim to preserve as much function and tissue of the limb as possible. Surgical outcome data is routinely available as part of surgical reporting processes. What is less known are important non-oncological outcomes throughout recovery from both clinical and patient perspectives. The objective of this review was to explore non-oncological outcomes in patients diagnosed with sarcoma around the knee following limb salvage surgery. Materials and Methods: A scoping review methodology was used, and results analysed using CASP checklists. Results: Thirteen studies were included and following appraisal and synthesis, three themes emerged as providing important measures intrinsic to successful patient recovery: (1) physical function, (2) quality of life and, (3) gait and knee goniometry. Specifically, patients develop range of motion complications that alter gait patterns and patients often limit their post-operative participation in sport and leisure activities. Conclusions: This study has shown the importance of exploring confounding factors, adopting a holistic view of patient recovery beyond surgical outcomes, proposing evidence-based guidance to support and inform healthcare providers with clinical decision-making. This review highlights the paucity and lack of quality of research available, emphasising how under-represented this population is in the research literature.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONPatients having undergone LSS often have limited participation in sport and leisure activities.Patients can develop range of motion complications, such as flexion contracture or extension lag, which may affect the pattern of gait.Clinical consideration should be given to walking ability and gait patterns during the rehabilitation phase to prevent poor functional outcomes during recovery.Variation of treatment protocols, outcome measurement and rehabilitative care has been identified as important in predicting the outcomes in recovery from LSS procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafla M AlDossary
- Physical Therapy Department, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chantel Ostler
- Portsmouth Enablement Centre, Portsmouth University Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK.,School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Exceed Research Network, Lisburn, UK
| | - Maggie Donovan-Hall
- Portsmouth Enablement Centre, Portsmouth University Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK.,School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Cheryl D Metcalf
- Portsmouth Enablement Centre, Portsmouth University Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK.,School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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115
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Zhang W, Tsuji T, Yokoyama M, Ide K, Aida J, Kawachi I, Kondo K. Increased frequency of participation in civic associations and reduced depressive symptoms: Prospective study of older Japanese survivors of the Great Eastern Japan Earthquake. Soc Sci Med 2021; 276:113827. [PMID: 33744732 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Few studies have examined whether changes in participation in civic associations can mitigate depressive symptoms among older disaster survivors. OBJECTIVES We examined prospectively the association between changes in participation in civic associations and changes in depressive symptoms among older survivors of the 2011 Great Eastern Japan Earthquake. METHODS We analyzed questionnaire-based survey data on pre- and post-disaster participation in civic associations and depressive symptoms compiled for 3567 respondents aged 65 years and above. Changes in these symptoms were assessed using a 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) as a continuous variable for 2010 and 2013. We investigated four types of civic associations: sports, hobby, voluntary groups, and senior citizens' clubs. Changes in participation were calculated by subtracting the participation frequency measured in 2010 from that measured in 2013. Applying 95% confidence intervals, we used linear regression models with imputation to estimate the age- and sex-adjusted and multivariate-adjusted standardized coefficients. RESULTS The survivors' GDS scores increased by 0.13 points on average between the pre-disaster and post-disaster periods. Average changes in the participation frequencies of respondents in each group were respectively +0.36 days/year, -5.63 days/year, +0.51 days/year, and -1.45 days/year. Increased frequencies of participation in the sports and hobby groups were inversely associated with changes in GDS scores (B = -0.003, Cohen's f2 = 0.10, P = 0.01 and B = -0.002, Cohen's f2 = 0.08, P = 0.04, respectively). The associations did not differ depending on the experience of housing damage caused by the disaster. In addition, we did not observe a significant association between changes in participation frequencies for voluntary groups or senior citizens' clubs and changes in GDS scores after multivariable adjustment. CONCLUSIONS Depressive symptoms of older adults post-disaster may be mitigated through increased frequency of participation in sports and hobby groups; yet, civic participation did not mitigate the adverse impact of disaster experiences on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Taishi Tsuji
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan; Health and Sport Science, University of Tsukuba, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Meiko Yokoyama
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazushige Ide
- Graduate School of Medicine School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan; Department of Community General Support, Hasegawa Hospital, Yachimata-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jun Aida
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai-shi, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan; Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
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116
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Aguilar BAS, Tebar WR, Silva SCB, Gomes LQ, Damato TMM, Mota J, Werneck AO, Christofaro DGD. Leisure-time exercise is associated with lower depressive symptoms in community dwelling adults. Eur J Sport Sci 2021; 22:916-925. [PMID: 33629650 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2021.1895892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity has been associated with enhanced mental health among adults. However, it is not clear in the literature which domains (occupational, transport and leisure-time exercise) and intensities (moderate, vigorous and moderate-to-vigorous) of activity provide the greatest benefits. The aim of the present study was to describe the association of different domains and intensities of physical activity with depressive symptoms in adults. This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted among 209 adults (≥18 years) in Brazil. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the HADS questionnaire (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Physical activity intensities (moderate, vigorous and moderate-to-vigorous) were device-measured by accelerometry. Physical activity in different domains (occupational, transport, and leisure-time exercise) was self-reported using a questionnaire. Chronological age, ethnicity, body mass index, highest academic achievement, employment status, alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, chronic morbidity and soft-drink ingestion were adopted as adjustment confounding factors. Linear regression analysis revealed that total self-reported physical activity [β = -0.100 (95%CI: -0.180 to -0.019)] and leisure-time exercise [β = -0.311 (95%CI: -0.468 to -0.155)] were negatively associated with depressive symptoms, but only leisure-time exercise remained significant after adjustment for confounding factors [β = -0.243 (95%CI: -0.409 to -0.076)]. Thus, leisure-time exercise was cross-sectionally associated with lower depressive symptoms in community-dwelling adults.Highlights Leisure-time physical activity was the only physical activity domain associated with lower depressive symptoms.This association appears to be independent of potential confounders.Potential interventions should focus on leisure-time domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz A S Aguilar
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - William R Tebar
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Stefany C B Silva
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Q Gomes
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Tatiana M M Damato
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Jorge Mota
- Research Center on Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - André O Werneck
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego G D Christofaro
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
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117
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Turner M, Beranek P, Rogers SL, Nosaka K, Girard O, Cruickshank T. Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mood and Training in Australian Community Tennis Players. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:589617. [PMID: 33817633 PMCID: PMC8012798 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.589617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak has led to the implementation of strict restrictions in Australia, which have severely impacted sporting activities. Tennis is played by 6.2% of the population within the Oceania region, and is a valuable sport for maintaining social, mental, and physical health. Current literature indicates the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the mental health of Australian residents. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in training and match play due to the outbreak, and its effects on emotional well-being of Australian senior tennis players. Additionally, explore any differences between middle aged (41–60 years) and senior (61 years and over) Australian tennis players. An online survey was used to assess training and match play habits, as well as ascertain the emotional well-being of tennis players. The survey was active from 24th April 2020 until 6th June 2020. Participants were adult (41+ years) tennis players from Australia. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were performed to check for differences in training hours and tennis matches played. Mann–Whitney U tests were used to assess the difference in Brief Emotional Experience Scale (BEES) scores, employment status as well as the training hours and tennis matches played between the two age groups. A Kendall's Tau B correlation test was performed to assess the associations of training, match play and demographic characteristics with BEES scores. Kruskal–Wallis tests assessed differences in BEES scores between participants of differing match play formats, tennis experience and cessation of tennis training time periods. There were 245 respondents who met our inclusion criteria. Tennis training hours along with the tennis matches played significantly decreased during COVID-19 compared to pre-COVID-19, 85.09 and 88.48%, respectively. No significant (p > 0.05) differences were observed between age groups for any of the training modality hours, nor was there any significant difference in number of tennis matches played. The participants average BEES score was 0.99 ± 1.27, indicating that respondents had a positive emotional well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. The emotional well-being of the senior group was significantly (P = 0.002) higher than the middle aged group. Together, our results show that training and tennis match play decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, however the emotional well-being of senior tennis players in Australia appeared to not be negatively affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Turner
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Philipp Beranek
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Shane L Rogers
- School of Arts and Humanities, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Kazunori Nosaka
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Olivier Girard
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Travis Cruickshank
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, WA, Australia
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118
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Rubio-Rico L, de Molina-Fernández I, Font-Jiménez I, Roca-Biosca A. Meanings and practices of the physical activity engaged in by Moroccan women in an Islamic urban environment: A quasi-ethnography. Nurs Open 2021; 8:2801-2812. [PMID: 33738972 PMCID: PMC8363382 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To understand the meanings and practices of the physical activity (PA) engaged in by Moroccan women in an Islamic urban environment. DESIGN Quasi-ethnographical study. METHODS 13 semi-structured interviews and 15 observation sessions of the PA engaged in by women. RESULTS The concept of PA fits into the holistic approach of Islam. The social and cultural conditions of those who regularly practise PA are diverse. The community collaborates to overcome difficulties involved with this practice. The flexibility of issues such as gender segregation and clothing, Islam as a stimulus for PA, health as a value, the promotion of a rights and duty-based model for health care user, the community co-creation of the PA offer, and the power of organized civil society could inspire new strategies for the promotion of PA among Muslim women in other contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Rubio-Rico
- UNESCO CHAIR Intercultrual Dialogue in the Mediterranean, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Nursing Department, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | | | - Alba Roca-Biosca
- Nursing Department, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
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119
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Lee DJ, So WY, Lee SM. The Relationship between Korean Adolescents' Sports Participation, Internal Health Locus of Control, and Wellness during COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2950. [PMID: 33805732 PMCID: PMC7998099 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18062950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at providing practical information to improve Korean adolescents' wellness by empirically identifying its correlation with sports participation and having an internal health locus of control (IHLC) during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study comprised both a pilot test and a main study. We recruited 844 Korean adolescents as subjects in January 2021 to participate in an online self-reported survey. The reliability and validity of the scales used (sports participation, IHLC, and wellness) were verified through a pilot test. In the main study, we verified the differences between all variables according to adolescents' demographic characteristics and the structural relationship of sports participation, IHLC, and wellness. Sports participation had a positive effect on IHLC (p < 0.001) and wellness (p < 0.001). Additionally, IHLC had a positive effect on wellness (p < 0.001). In juvenile educational institutions, there is a need to develop strategies to increase wellness, sports participation, and IHLC among adolescent students, which can improve their wellness in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Jung Lee
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea;
| | - Wi-Young So
- Sports Medicine Major, College of Humanities and Arts, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju-si 27469, Korea;
| | - Seung-Man Lee
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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120
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Füzéki E, Schröder J, Carraro N, Merlo L, Reer R, Groneberg DA, Banzer W. Physical Activity during the First COVID-19-Related Lockdown in Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052511. [PMID: 33802549 PMCID: PMC7967499 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The spread of the COVID-19 virus was met by a strict lockdown in many countries around the world, with the closure of all physical activity (PA) facilities and limitations on moving around freely. The aim of the present online survey was to assess the effect of lockdown on physical activity in Italy. Physical activity was assessed using the European Health Interview Survey questionnaire. A total of 1500 datasets were analyzed. Differences between conditions were tested with a chi2-based (χ2) test for categorical variables, and with the Student’s t-test for paired data. A fixed effects binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify relevant predictor variables to explain the compliance with World Health Organisation (WHO) recommendations. We found a substantial decline in all physical activity measures. Mean differences in walking and cycling metabolic equivalent of task minutes per week (METmin/week), respectively, were 344.4 (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 306.6–382.2; p < 0.001) and 148.5 (95% CI: 123.6–173.5; p < 0.001). Time spent in leisure time decreased from 160.8 to 112.6 min/week (mean difference 48.2; 95% CI: 40.4–56.0; p < 0.001). Compliance with WHO recommendations decreased from 34.9% to 24.6% (chi2 (1, 3000) = 38.306, p < 0.001, V = 0.11). Logistic regression showed a reduced chance (OR 0.640, 95% CI: 0.484–0.845; p = 0.001) to comply with WHO PA recommendations under lockdown conditions. Measures to promote physical activity should be intensified to limit detrimental health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Füzéki
- Division of Preventive and Sports Medicine, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (D.A.G.); (W.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jan Schröder
- Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty for Psychology and Human Movement Science, Institute for Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Turmweg 2, 20148 Hamburg, Germany; (J.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Nicolò Carraro
- Center for Sports Medicine, Department of Prevention, ULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, 31100 Treviso, Italy; (N.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Laura Merlo
- Center for Sports Medicine, Department of Prevention, ULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, 31100 Treviso, Italy; (N.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Rüdiger Reer
- Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty for Psychology and Human Movement Science, Institute for Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Turmweg 2, 20148 Hamburg, Germany; (J.S.); (R.R.)
| | - David A. Groneberg
- Division of Preventive and Sports Medicine, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (D.A.G.); (W.B.)
| | - Winfried Banzer
- Division of Preventive and Sports Medicine, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (D.A.G.); (W.B.)
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121
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Geard D, Rebar AL, Dionigi RA, Rathbone E, Reaburn P. Effects of a 12-Week Cycling Intervention on Successful Aging Measures in Mid-Aged Adults. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2021; 92:170-181. [PMID: 32097099 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2020.1724861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To compare the effect of 12-weeks of cycling training and competition versus recreational cycling on successful aging across physical, psychological, cognitive, and social functioning domains in mid-aged adults. Methods: Recreational cyclists were randomly assigned to an intervention (n = 13, M age = 47.18 years) and comparison (n = 13, M age = 46.91 years) group. Analysis of Covariance was used on self-reported pre-post data to determine changes across time and differences between groups on outcomes. Results: The intervention group scored higher on the role limitation due to physical problems measure of physical functioning (p = .045) and the social activity measure of social functioning (p = .008) with large effect sizes (ηp 2 > .14). The remaining physical, psychological, cognitive, and social functioning measures were not significantly different (p > .05) between groups with small to medium effect sizes (ηp 2 > .01 to ≤ .06). Conclusion: Cycling training and competition promotes better physical and social functioning than recreational cycling. This finding indicates that an intervention that incorporates the training and competition aspects of sport may promote positive outcomes that are above and beyond those that can be gained from participation in recreational physical activity. Objective measurements on larger samples across a broader range of sports are required to confirm and extend these findings.
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122
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Pinto SM, Watson EM, Contreras WA, Luffman KA, Newman MA. Physical Activity After Traumatic Brain Injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2021; 102:1673-1675. [PMID: 33610280 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2020.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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123
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Panagodage Perera NK, Radojčić MR, Filbay SR, Griffin SA, Gates L, Murray A, Hawkes R, Arden NK. Rugby Health and Well-Being Study: protocol for a UK-wide survey with health data cross-validation. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e041037. [PMID: 33514574 PMCID: PMC7849884 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rugby football (Union and League) provides physical activity (PA) with related physical and mental health benefits. However, as a collision sport, rugby research and media coverage predominantly focus on injuries in elite players while the overall impact on health and well-being remains unclear. This study aims to provide a greater understanding of the risks and benefits of rugby participation in a diverse sample of men and women, current and former rugby Union and League players from recreational to the elite level of play. We will explore: (1) joint-specific injuries and concussion; (2) joint pain and osteoarthritis (OA); (3) medical and mental health conditions; (4) PA and sedentary behaviour and (5) well-being (quality of life, flourishing and resilience). METHODS AND ANALYSIS The Rugby Health and Well-being Study is designed in two phases: (1) a UK-wide cross-sectional survey and (2) cross-validation using health register data from Scotland. Participants will be at least 16 years old, current or former rugby players who have played rugby for at least one season. We will report standardised, level of play-, sex- and age-stratified prevalence of joint injury, concussion, medical conditions and PA. We will describe injury/concussion prevention expectations and protective equipment use. Rugby-related factors associated with injury, pain, OA, PA, health and well-being will be explored in regression models. We will compare joint pain intensity and duration, elements of pain perception and well-being between recreational and elite players and further investigate these associations in regression models while controlling for confounding variables. In the second phase, we will validate self-reported with health register data, and provide further information on healthcare use. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The Yorkshire and the Humber-Leeds East Research Ethics Committee (REC reference: 19/HY/0377) has approved this study (IRAS project ID 269424). The results will be disseminated through scientific publications, conferences and social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmala Kanthi Panagodage Perera
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Maja R Radojčić
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephanie R Filbay
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Steffan A Griffin
- Rugby Football Union, Twickenham, London, UK
- Centre for Sport and Exercise, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lucy Gates
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Andrew Murray
- Centre for Sport and Exercise, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Scottish Rugby Union, Murrayfield, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Roger Hawkes
- British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Doncaster, UK
| | - Nigel K Arden
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Foley BC, Owen KB, Bauman AE, Bellew W, Reece LJ. Effects of the Active Kids voucher program on children and adolescents' physical activity: a natural experiment evaluating a state-wide intervention. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:22. [PMID: 33423663 PMCID: PMC7798231 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-10060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an urgent need for scaled-up effective interventions which overcome barriers to health-enhancing physical activity for children and adolescents. In New South Wales (NSW), Australia, the state government implemented a universal voucher program, 'Active Kids' to support the cost of structured physical activity registration for school-enrolled children aged 4.5-18 years old. The objective of this study was to understand the effects a financial incentive intervention delivered in a real-world setting has on children and adolescent's physical activity participation. METHOD In 2018, all children and adolescents registered for an Active Kids voucher provided sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity and research consent. This prospective cohort study used an online survey with validated items to measure physical activity and other personal and social factors in children and adolescents who used an Active Kids voucher. Generalized linear mixed models were used to examine changes from registration to after voucher use at ≤8 weeks, 9-26 weeks and ≥ 6 months. RESULTS Study participants reported increasing their days achieving physical activity guidelines from 4.0 days per week (95%CI 3.8, 4.2) at registration (n = 37,626 children) to 4.9 days per week (95%CI 4.7, 5.1) after 6 months (n = 14,118 children). Increased physical activity was observed for all sociodemographic population groups. The voucher-specific activity contributed 42.4% (95%CI 39.3, 45.5) to the total time children participated in structured physical activities outside of school. Children and adolescents who increased to, or maintained, high levels of activity were socially supported to be active, had active parent/caregivers, had better concentration and were overall happier than their low-active counterparts. CONCLUSION The Active Kids program significantly increased children's physical activity levels and these increases continued over a six-month period. The Active Kids voucher program shows promise as a scaled-up intervention to increase children and adolescents' physical activity participation. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12618000897268 , approved May 29th, 2018 - Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget C Foley
- SPRINTER (Sport and Active Recreation Intervention & Epidemiology Research Group), Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, D17 Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Level 6, the Hub, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Katherine B Owen
- SPRINTER (Sport and Active Recreation Intervention & Epidemiology Research Group), Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, D17 Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Level 6, the Hub, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Adrian E Bauman
- SPRINTER (Sport and Active Recreation Intervention & Epidemiology Research Group), Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, D17 Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Level 6, the Hub, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - William Bellew
- SPRINTER (Sport and Active Recreation Intervention & Epidemiology Research Group), Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, D17 Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Level 6, the Hub, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Lindsey J Reece
- SPRINTER (Sport and Active Recreation Intervention & Epidemiology Research Group), Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, D17 Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Level 6, the Hub, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
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125
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Tsuji T, Kanamori S, Miyaguni Y, Kondo K. Community-Level Sports Group Participation and Health Behaviors Among Older Non-Participants in a Sports Group: A Multilevel Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020531. [PMID: 33435252 PMCID: PMC7827491 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This study validates the relationship between community-level sports group participation and the frequency of leaving the house and transtheoretical model stages of behavior change for exercise among older individuals who did not participate in a sports group. We used cross-sectional data from the 2016 Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. The proportion of sports group participants at the community level was calculated using the data from 157,233 older individuals living in 1000 communities. We conducted a multilevel regression analysis to examine the relationship between the proportion of sports group participants and the frequency of leaving the house (1 day/week or less) and the transtheoretical model stages of behavior change for exercise. A statistically significant relationship was observed between a high prevalence of sports group participation and lower risk of homeboundness (odds ratio: 0.94) and high transtheoretical model stages (partial regression coefficient: 0.06) as estimated by 10 percentage points of participation proportion. Older individuals, even those not participating in a sports group, living in a community with a high prevalence of sports group participation are less likely to be homebound; they are highly interested and have numerous opportunities to engage in exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishi Tsuji
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Bunkyo City, Tokyo 112-0012, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Satoru Kanamori
- Graduate School of Public Health, Teikyo University, Itabashi City, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan;
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku City, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Miyaguni
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Aichi 474-8511, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Aichi 474-8511, Japan; (Y.M.); (K.K.)
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba City, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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126
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Paldi Y, Moran DS, Baron-Epel O, Bord S, Tesler R. Ethnic Disparities in Social Capital and Health among Jewish and Arab Participants in the Israeli Mamanet Cachibol League. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18010295. [PMID: 33401543 PMCID: PMC7795045 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The Israeli Mamanet Cachibol League (MCL) serves as a community model that incorporates physical activity and amateur team sports among women. Team sports have been shown to bridge gaps and build positive relationships between communities. There is a paucity of data regarding the advantages of team sports to promote the health and well-being of women from different ethnic backgrounds. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of participation in MCL with social capital, health, and well-being across two ethnic groups: Jewish and Arab women. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among women aged 25–64: 102 Jewish and 96 Arab MCL participants, and 102 Jewish and 81 Arab non-MCL participants. Data regarding social capital (trust, social support and social involvement) and well-being (self-reported health and psychosomatic and depressive symptoms) were analyzed using two-way analyses of covariance and multiple regression models with sequential entry of the variables. MCL participants from both ethnic groups reported higher social capital (p < 0.001), better self-reported health (p < 0.001), and lower psychosomatic symptoms (p < 0.001) compared to non-participants. Jewish MCL participants reported lower depressive symptoms (p < 0.001) than non-participants, however no difference was found between Arab MCL participants and non-participants (p < 0.160). Amateur team sports such as MCL are related with higher levels of well-being and social capital. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies that examine the change in social capital and well-being over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Paldi
- Department of Health Systems Management, Faculty of Health Science, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel; (D.S.M.); (R.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-50-8546-067
| | - Daniel S. Moran
- Department of Health Systems Management, Faculty of Health Science, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel; (D.S.M.); (R.T.)
| | - Orna Baron-Epel
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel;
| | - Shiran Bord
- Department of Health Systems Management, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Emek Yezreel 1930600, Israel;
| | - Riki Tesler
- Department of Health Systems Management, Faculty of Health Science, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel; (D.S.M.); (R.T.)
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127
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Brailovskaia J, Cosci F, Mansueto G, Miragall M, Herrero R, Baños RM, Krasavtseva Y, Kochetkov Y, Margraf J. The association between depression symptoms, psychological burden caused by Covid-19 and physical activity: An investigation in Germany, Italy, Russia, and Spain. Psychiatry Res 2021; 295:113596. [PMID: 33261924 PMCID: PMC7688416 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of Covid-19 required the re-organization of everyday life. While some people accepted this challenge, other experienced the current situation as a heavy burden that impedes the adaptation to the new life conditions. The present study investigated factors that can impact the level of burden caused by Covid-19. Burden, depression symptoms and frequency of physical activity (e.g., jogging, cycling) were assessed via online surveys in overall 1,931 people from four countries (Germany: N = 625; Italy: N = 936; Russia: N = 230; Spain: N = 140). Similar result patterns were found in all country-specific samples. Burden by Covid-19 was significantly positively associated with depression symptoms, while it was significantly negatively linked to physical activity. Moreover, physical activity buffered the association between depression symptoms and burden. The present cross-national findings emphasize the protective effect of physical activity specifically in times of Covid-19. This issue should be addressed in governmental programs to longitudinally protect mental and physical health and to enhance the willingness to adhere to the anti-Covid-19 measures among the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Brailovskaia
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Fiammetta Cosci
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Mansueto
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Marta Miragall
- Department of Personality, Evaluation, and Psychological Treatments, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rocío Herrero
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Polibienestar, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. Av. Blasco Ibáñez 21, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Rosa M. Baños
- Department of Personality, Evaluation, and Psychological Treatments, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain,CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Instituto Polibienestar, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. Av. Blasco Ibáñez 21, Valencia, Spain
| | - Yulia Krasavtseva
- Department of Pedagogy and Medical Psychology, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian; Department of Psychology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian; Center for Cognitive Therapy, Moscow, Russia.
| | | | - Jürgen Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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128
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Perceived Performance, Intrinsic Motivation and Adherence in Athletes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17249441. [PMID: 33339278 PMCID: PMC7767293 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Sports performance depends on a complex interaction of variables, such as psychological, physical, technical and tactical abilities. The purpose of the three studies described in this article was to validate an instrument to measure perceived performance in athletes (studies 1 and 2), and to analyze the predictive power of perceived performance, basic psychological needs and intrinsic motivation on the intention to be physically active (which was used as a predictor of adherence to sport) (study 3). In study 1, the Perceived Performance in Sports Questionnaire was validated in the Spanish sports context, analyzing its factorial structure, reliability, and temporal stability with 146 soccer players. The objective of study 2 was to check the factorial structure of the questionnaire with an objective performance measure (points scored and time played). The sample was 180 young basketball players. The objective of study 3 was to analyze the predictive power of basic psychological needs in exercise, intrinsic motivation, and perceived performance on the intention to be physically active in 339 athletes of fifteen different sports. The results show the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, and positive correlations with the points scored. Finally, the analysis of the structural equation model showed that the satisfaction of the need for competence predicted perceived performance and intrinsic motivation predicted perceived performance and intention to remain physically active.
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129
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Andermo S, Lidin M, Hellenius ML, Nordenfelt A, Nyberg G. "We were all together"- families' experiences of the health-promoting programme - A Healthy Generation. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1911. [PMID: 33317500 PMCID: PMC7737279 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-10002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy lifestyle habits, including physical activity (PA), are associated with a broad range of positive psychosocial and physical health benefits. However, there are challenges involved in reaching vulnerable groups in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. There is a lack of research on family-based PA interventions, specifically considering psychosocial health. The purpose of this study was to explore how families experienced psychosocial aspects of health after participation in a family-based programme, A Healthy Generation. METHODS A Healthy Generation is a health-promoting, family-based programme delivered in collaboration with local municipalities and sport associations in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas in Sweden. Families with children in grade 2 (8-9 years), including siblings, participate in health-promoting activities, including activity sessions, healthy meals, health information and parental support groups. Data was collected through interviews with parents and children (n = 23) from a controlled pilot trial of the programme. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed using a phenomenological hermeneutical method. RESULTS Three themes and seven sub-themes emerged. The themes were: "A sense of belonging", "Awareness of one's role as a parent" and "Inspiration towards new and healthier behaviours". In terms of A sense of belonging, participation in the programme was the families own free zone, where they also had the opportunity of being together with other families in the programme. For participants that were isolated and lacked a social network, their participation helped them towards social participation. During the programme, parents created an Awareness of one's role as a parent, with new insights on how to act as a parent and they also negotiated differences between each other. Participation in the programme contributed to Inspiration towards new and healthier behaviours such as experience-based insights and healthy lifestyle changes. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of co-participation in family-based health-promoting programmes to enhance psychosocial health among families in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. The results give new insights into participants' experiences of psychosocial aspects of health after participation in a family-based PA programme. This knowledge can contribute to the understanding of how to design health-promoting, family-based interventions to promote psychosocial health in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN ISRCTN11660938 . Retrospectively registered 23 September 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Andermo
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Matthias Lidin
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Heart & Vascular Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Gisela Nyberg
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (GIH), Stockholm, Sweden
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130
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Positive mental health mediates the relationship between physical activity and suicide-related outcomes: a three-year follow-up study. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-01152-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AbstractSuicide belongs to the leading causes of death worldwide. The present longitudinal study investigated physical activity (for example jogging, cycling) and positive mental health (PMH) as potential factors that can reduce the risk of suicide ideation and suicidal behavior. Data of 223 participants (79.4% women; Mage(SDage) = 22.85 (4.05)) were assessed at two measurement time points over a three-year period (2016: first measurement = baseline (BL); 2019: second measurement = follow-up (FU)) via online surveys. The results reveal a significant positive relationship between higher physical activity (BL) and higher PMH (BL). Higher scores of both variables were significantly negatively linked to lower suicide-related outcomes (FU). Moreover, the association between higher physical activity (BL) and lower suicide-related outcomes (FU) was significantly mediated by higher PMH (BL). The current findings demonstrate that physical activity in combination with PMH can reduce the risk of suicide-related outcomes. Fostering physical activity and PMH may be relevant strategies in the prevention of suicide ideation and suicide behavior.
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131
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Schmidt SK, Hemmestad L, MacDonald CS, Langberg H, Valentiner LS. Motivation and Barriers to Maintaining Lifestyle Changes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes after an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention (The U-TURN Trial): A Longitudinal Qualitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207454. [PMID: 33066239 PMCID: PMC7602059 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore and identify factors that influence motivation for and barriers to adopting and maintaining lifestyle changes in patients with type 2 diabetes, following participation in an intensive multiple-lifestyle intervention. Participants were recruited from the U-TURN trial, a one-year, intensive lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes patients. This study was conducted over time; informants were interviewed twice after the trial ended with a six-month interval between interviews. The qualitative data from these individual interviews were analysed using systematic text condensation with an inductive approach. Five themes emerged: Social support and relatedness, Achievement of results, Support from healthcare professionals, Identification with and acceptance of the new lifestyle and Coping with ongoing challenges. These are all important for maintaining lifestyle changes and diabetes self-management. Changing one’s lifestyle can be a constant, difficult struggle. For sustainable progress after an intensive intervention, the changes must be adopted and endorsed by patients and co-opted into their social setting. Belonging to an exercise group, confidence in managing the lifestyle adjustments and handling of challenges through continual support and professional diabetes treatment are crucial in maintaining and adhering to the new lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina K. Schmidt
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Outdoor Studies, Faculty of Humanities, Sports and Educational Science, University of South-Eastern Norway, 3800 Bø in Telemark, Norway;
- Correspondence:
| | - Liv Hemmestad
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Outdoor Studies, Faculty of Humanities, Sports and Educational Science, University of South-Eastern Norway, 3800 Bø in Telemark, Norway;
| | - Christopher S. MacDonald
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Section of Social Medicine, CopenRehab, Faculty of Health, University of Copenhagen, 1017 Copenhagen K, Denmark; (H.L.); (L.S.V.)
| | - Henning Langberg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Section of Social Medicine, CopenRehab, Faculty of Health, University of Copenhagen, 1017 Copenhagen K, Denmark; (H.L.); (L.S.V.)
| | - Laura S. Valentiner
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Section of Social Medicine, CopenRehab, Faculty of Health, University of Copenhagen, 1017 Copenhagen K, Denmark; (H.L.); (L.S.V.)
- Department of Midwifery, Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy and Psychomotor Therapy, Faculty of Health, University College Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
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132
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Fischer I, Mijderwijk HJ, Kahlert UD, Rapp M, Sabel M, Hänggi D, Steiger HJ, Forster MT, Kamp MA. Association between health insurance status and malignant glioma. Neurooncol Pract 2020; 7:531-540. [PMID: 33014394 DOI: 10.1093/nop/npaa030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prior studies have suggested an association between patient socioeconomic status and brain tumors. In the present study we attempt to indirectly validate the findings, using health insurance status as a proxy for socioeconomic status. Methods There are 2 types of health insurance in Germany: statutory and private. Owing to regulations, low- and middle-income residents are typically statutory insured, whereas high-income residents have the option of choosing a private insurance. We compared the frequencies of privately insured patients suffering from malignant neoplasms of the brain with the corresponding frequencies among other neurosurgical patients at our hospital and among the German population. To correct for age, sex, and distance from the hospital, we included these variables as predictors in logistic and binomial regression. Results A significant association (odds ratio [OR] = 1.59, CI = 1.45-1.74, P < .001) between health insurance status and brain tumors was found. The association is independent of patients' sex or age. Whereas privately insured patients generally tend to come from farther away, such a relationship was not observed for patients suffering from brain tumors. Comparing the out of house and in-house brain tumor patients showed no selection bias on our side. Conclusion Previous studies have found that people with a higher income, level of education, or socioeconomic status are more likely to suffer from malignant brain tumors. Our findings are in line with these studies. Although the reason behind the association remains unclear, the probability that our results are due to some random effect in the data is extremely low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Fischer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Division of Informatics and Statistics, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hendrik-Jan Mijderwijk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulf D Kahlert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marion Rapp
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Sabel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Hänggi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans-Jakob Steiger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Marcel A Kamp
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal of the present paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of mental health concerns in young athletes, with a focus on common disorders, as well as population-specific risk factors. RECENT FINDINGS Athletes experience similar mental health concerns as non-athlete peers, such as anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation, ADHD, eating disorders, and substance abuse. However, they also experience unique stressors that put them at risk for the development or exacerbation of mental health disorders. Student athletes have to balance academics with rigorous training regimens while focusing on optimal performance and managing high expectations. Physical injuries, overtraining, concussion, sleep disorders, and social identity are some of the factors that also impact the mental health of student athletes. Existing literature highlights the need to develop proactive mental health and wellness education for young athletes, and to develop services that recognize the unique needs of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa S Xanthopoulos
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Tami Benton
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jason Lewis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Julia A Case
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Christina L Master
- Pediatric and Adolescent Sports Medicine, Division of Pediatric Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Connolly S, Carlin A, Johnston A, Woods C, Powell C, Belton S, O’Brien W, Saunders J, Duff C, Farmer O, Murphy M. Physical Activity, Sport and Physical Education in Northern Ireland School Children: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186849. [PMID: 32961784 PMCID: PMC7559058 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Internationally, insufficient physical activity (PA) is a major health concern. Children in Northern Ireland (NI) are recorded as having the lowest levels of PA in the United Kingdom (UK). To date, validated and representative data on the PA levels of NI school children are limited. The aim of this study was to provide surveillance data on self-reported PA, sport and physical education (PE) participation of school children in NI. Differences between genders and factors associated with PA were also examined. A representative sample of primary (n = 446) and post-primary (n = 1508) children was surveyed in school using validated self-report measures. Findings suggest that PA levels are low, with a minority of children (13%) meeting the PA guidelines (primary pupils 20%, post-primary pupils 11%). NI school children have lower levels of PA, PE and sports participation than UK and European peers. A trend of age-related decline across all the domains of PA was apparent. The data presented highlighted that females are less likely to achieve PA guidelines, children from lower socio-economic background participate in school and community sport less often, and that enjoyment and social support are important variables in PA adherence. Policy solutions that would support implementation e.g., mandatory minimum PE time, whole school approaches to PA promotion and targeted investment in schools, particularly in areas of deprivation and for females, are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinead Connolly
- Centre for Exercise Medicine, Physical Activity and Health, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University Jordanstown Campus, Shore Road, BT37 0QB Newtownabbey, Ireland; (A.C.); (A.J.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Angela Carlin
- Centre for Exercise Medicine, Physical Activity and Health, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University Jordanstown Campus, Shore Road, BT37 0QB Newtownabbey, Ireland; (A.C.); (A.J.); (M.M.)
| | - Anne Johnston
- Centre for Exercise Medicine, Physical Activity and Health, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University Jordanstown Campus, Shore Road, BT37 0QB Newtownabbey, Ireland; (A.C.); (A.J.); (M.M.)
| | - Catherine Woods
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland;
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland;
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Cormac Powell
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland;
- Performance Department, Swim Ireland, Sport HQ, D15 F2CC Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sarahjane Belton
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, D15 F2CC Dublin, Ireland; (S.B.); (C.D.)
| | - Wesley O’Brien
- School of Education, Sports Studies and Physical Education, University College Cork, T12 KX72 Cork, Ireland; (W.O.); (O.F.)
| | - Jean Saunders
- Claddagh Statistical Consultancy Services, Shannon & CSTAR@UL, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland;
| | - Christina Duff
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, D15 F2CC Dublin, Ireland; (S.B.); (C.D.)
| | - Orlagh Farmer
- School of Education, Sports Studies and Physical Education, University College Cork, T12 KX72 Cork, Ireland; (W.O.); (O.F.)
| | - Marie Murphy
- Centre for Exercise Medicine, Physical Activity and Health, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University Jordanstown Campus, Shore Road, BT37 0QB Newtownabbey, Ireland; (A.C.); (A.J.); (M.M.)
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135
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McNeill J, Howard SJ, Vella SA, Cliff DP. Longitudinal associations of physical activity and modified organized sport participation with executive function and psychosocial health in preschoolers. J Sports Sci 2020; 38:2858-2865. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1803037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jade McNeill
- Early Start, School of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Steven J. Howard
- Early Start, School of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Stewart A. Vella
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Dylan P. Cliff
- Early Start, School of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
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Masini A, Lanari M, Marini S, Tessari A, Toselli S, Stagni R, Bisi MC, Bragonzoni L, Gori D, Sansavini A, Ceciliani A, Dallolio L. A Multiple Targeted Research Protocol for a Quasi-Experimental Trial in Primary School Children Based on an Active Break Intervention: The Imola Active Breaks (I-MOVE) Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17176123. [PMID: 32842483 PMCID: PMC7503895 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children and adolescents should perform, according to the World Health Organization guidelines, at least 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per-day in order to avoid the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The school represents a fundamental setting to conduct interventions to promote physical activity (PA) and contrast sedentary behaviors. Active breaks (ABs), bouts of 10 min of PA conducted inside the classroom, seem to be a good strategy to promote PA and improve classroom behavior. The aim of this study protocol is to describe the design and the assessment of the Imola Active Breaks I-MOVE study. METHODS The I-MOVE study is a school-based intervention trial, with a quasi-experimental design, performed in a primary school. It involves one experimental-group performing the intervention, focused on ABs, and one control-group. Nine main outcomes are evaluated: PA and sedentary behaviors; health related fitness; motor control development; dietary patterns; anthropometric evaluation; sociodemographic determinants; cognitive function; time-on-task behavior and quality of life. CONCLUSIONS Results from the I-MOVE study will help to clarify the effects of incorporating ABs in the Italian school curriculum as a new public health strategy and an innovative school model oriented to the well-being of children and teachers for the best quality of school life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Masini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.M.); (S.T.) (L.D.)
| | - Marcello Lanari
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Sofia Marini
- Department of Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Campus of Rimini, 47921 Rimini, Italy; (L.B.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-209-4812
| | - Alessia Tessari
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.T.); (A.S.)
| | - Stefania Toselli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.M.); (S.T.) (L.D.)
| | - Rita Stagni
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi” University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (R.S.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Maria Cristina Bisi
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi” University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (R.S.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Laura Bragonzoni
- Department of Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Campus of Rimini, 47921 Rimini, Italy; (L.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Davide Gori
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.M.); (S.T.) (L.D.)
| | - Alessandra Sansavini
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.T.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrea Ceciliani
- Department of Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Campus of Rimini, 47921 Rimini, Italy; (L.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Laura Dallolio
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.M.); (S.T.) (L.D.)
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137
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Anderson AR, Fowers BJ. Lifestyle behaviors, psychological distress, and well-being: A daily diary study. Soc Sci Med 2020; 263:113263. [PMID: 32805573 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Many lifestyle behaviors such as diet, exercise, social interaction, and substance use are related to physical and mental health. Less understood are the day-to-day associations of these behaviors with both psychological distress, well-being, and with each other. OBJECTIVE This study investigated how a number of common lifestyle behaviors were associated with psychological distress and well-being using a daily diary study with multilevel modeling. Associations among behaviors were analyzed with multilevel mediation and network models. METHODS An online participant pool consisting of seventy-six adults (age range: 19-64; mean age: 40.29; 58% female) completed daily diary surveys over 14 days and reported their engagement in lifestyle behaviors, psychological distress, hedonic well-being, and eudaimonic well-being. RESULTS Time spent in social interaction was the most consistent within-person correlate of psychological distress and well-being. The association between daily time in nature and well-being was mediated by social interaction and exercise. Network models found within-person associations among the lifestyle behaviors. CONCLUSION The results indicate that social interaction may be an especially important lifestyle behavior to consider when promoting well-being. Future research should recognize that daily fluctuations in many lifestyle behaviors cluster together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austen R Anderson
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX, USA; Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, TX, USA; Department of Educational and Psychological Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA.
| | - Blaine J Fowers
- Department of Educational and Psychological Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
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O’Brien N, Lawlor M, Chambers F, O’Brien W. State of Mind Ireland-Higher Education: A Mixed-Methods Longitudinal Evaluation of a Positive Mental Health Intervention. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17155530. [PMID: 32751816 PMCID: PMC7432411 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study evaluates the impact of the State of Mind Ireland-Higher Education (SOMI-HE) Mental Fitness intervention on student wellbeing, resilience, and physical activity (PA) participation. Design: A mixed-methods research design, comprising of a self-report questionnaire, and semi-structured focus group interviews at pre, post and follow-up phases were employed. Participants were a sample of 134 higher education students (29% male: 71% female; mean age range 18 to 25 years old). The quantitative outcome measures of wellbeing, resilience and PA data were analysed using SPSS version 26.0, (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) with appropriate statistical analysis. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis to capture the long-term outcomes and impact of the intervention. Results: The results indicate a significant intervention effect on participants’ wellbeing (t (120) = −4.27, p < 0.001), PA levels (t (126) = 3.91, p < 0.001) and motivational readiness for exercise change (χ2 (1, n = 131) = 6.9, p < 0.009 (2–sided). Qualitative findings suggest a sustained long-term increase in PA and resilience skills for positive mental health, and reduced stigma and barriers to positive mental health. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the SOMI-HE evidence-based intervention, and beneficial outcomes of a salutary approach to higher education student mental health.
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139
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Latella C, Haff GG. Global Challenges of Being a Strength Athlete during a Pandemic: Impacts and Sports-Specific Training Considerations and Recommendations. Sports (Basel) 2020; 8:E100. [PMID: 32674388 PMCID: PMC7404467 DOI: 10.3390/sports8070100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing global pandemic brought about by Coronavirus II (SARS-Cov-2 or COVID-19) has caused an ongoing cessation of sporting competitions and training facility closures. This is a fundamental challenge for amateur and elite sporting professionals. Although recommendations have been provided for team-sport athletes to maintain general and sport-specific conditioning, these methods are often not optimal for strength athletes (i.e., powerlifting (PL) and weightlifting (WL)) due to the unique and narrow set of performance requirements posed by these sports. The purpose of this review is to provide evidence-based information and recommendations and highlight potential strategies and approaches that may be used by strength (PL and WL) athletes during the current global crisis. Collectively, we provide evidence from resistance training literature regarding the loss of muscle strength, power and mass, minimum training frequencies required to attenuate such losses and training re-adaptation. Additionally, we suggest that time off training and competition caused by ongoing restrictions may be used for other purposes, such as overcoming injury and improving movement quality and/or mobility, goal setting, psychological development and emphasizing strength sports for health. These suggestions are intended to be useful for coaches, strength athletes and organizations where existing training strategies and recommendations are not suitable or no longer feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Latella
- Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research (CESSR), School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia;
- Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
| | - G. Gregory Haff
- Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research (CESSR), School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia;
- Directorate of Psychology and Sport, University of Salford, Salford, Greater Manchester M5 4WT, UK
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140
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Gropper H, John JM, Sudeck G, Thiel A. The impact of life events and transitions on physical activity: A scoping review. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234794. [PMID: 32569282 PMCID: PMC7307727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) is a fluctuating behavior and prone to change across the life course. Changes in PA may be particularly due to the experience of life events and transitions. For well-timed and successful PA interventions, it is important to understand when and why individuals take up or terminate PA. OBJECTIVES This scoping review aims to examine the extent, range, and nature of research on the impact of life events and transitions on PA and to summarize key findings. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. Articles were included if they had been published in peer-reviewed journals between 1998 and 2020 and assessed the impact of at least one life event or transition on PA. RESULTS 107 studies that assessed 72 distinct life events and transitions were included and summarized in ten categories. Events and transitions that are primarily associated with decreases in PA were starting cohabitation, getting married, pregnancy, evolving parenthood, and the transitions from kindergarten to primary school, from primary to secondary school, and from high school to college or into the labor market. Retirement was associated with increases in PA; yet, long-term trajectories across retirement indicated a subsequent drop in activity levels. Divorce was associated with no changes in PA. No trends could be identified for changing work conditions, quitting or losing a job, starting a new relationship, widowhood, moving, and diagnosis of illness. CONCLUSION Life events and transitions can be conceptualized as natural interventions that occur across the life course and that are oftentimes associated with changes in PA behavior. Our study indicates that, despite some emerging trends, similar events do not necessarily have similar impacts on PA across individuals. It also shows that the research landscape is characterized by a lack of conceptual clarity and by disparate methodologies, making it difficult to synthesize results across studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Gropper
- Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jannika M. John
- Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gorden Sudeck
- Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ansgar Thiel
- Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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141
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Caperchione CM, Hargreaves N, Sabiston CM, Berg S, Kowalski KC, Ferguson LJ. Exploring the Effectiveness of an Integrated Physical Activity and Psychosocial Program Targeting At-Risk Adolescent Girls: Protocol for the Girls United and on the Move (GUM) Intervention Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2020; 9:e15302. [PMID: 32515748 PMCID: PMC7312238 DOI: 10.2196/15302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents are highly susceptible to negative self-perceptions, likely due to their social cues and environment. The presence of these negative self-perceptions has been shown to adversely impact levels of physical activity (PA). Although PA has the ability to foster improved self-perceptions, the rates of PA among adolescents continue to descend, with girls appearing to be most susceptible to these declines. At-risk adolescent girls, who may experience a number of negative preceding lifestyle conditions, may be exceptionally vulnerable to declines in PA. There are a high number of adolescent girls from low-income and abusive households in British Columbia, Canada, thus indicating a need for a program to relay the importance of PA and healthy lifestyle behaviors. OBJECTIVE This paper aims to describe the protocol of the Girls United and on the Move (GUM) pragmatic intervention, an integrated PA and psychosocial program aimed at improving self-compassion, social connectedness, and overall self-perceptions among at-risk adolescent girls. METHODS Using a quasi-experimental mixed methods approach, the GUM intervention was conducted in 5 schools in British Columbia, Canada. Adolescent girls aged 11 to 15 years who were identified as at risk were included in the study. The 9-week intervention, co-delivered by a PA/health promotion-trained researcher and a registered social worker, involved a PA component and a psychosocial component with evidence-based topics addressing the concerns of the adolescent girls. The following outcomes were evaluated: PA, self-compassion, social support, leader supportiveness, and sport enjoyment and commitment. Program acceptability and satisfaction was also examined. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline (week 1), week 6, and postintervention (week 9), and interview data concerning program acceptability and satisfaction were collected at postintervention from a subsample of participants. RESULTS A total of 101 participants were invited to participate in the GUM intervention. Reporting of the results is projected for the fall of 2020. CONCLUSIONS It is anticipated that the GUM intervention will enhance PA while also improving self-compassion, social connectedness, and overall self-perceptions among at-risk adolescent girls. The findings of this research will contribute to the literature concerning PA and various psychosocial factors that impact the physical and mental health of at-risk adolescent girls. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03567200; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03567200. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/15302.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Caperchione
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicole Hargreaves
- School of Health and Exercise Science, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Catherine M Sabiston
- Faculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen Berg
- Okanagan School of Education, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Kent C Kowalski
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Leah J Ferguson
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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142
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Tsuji T, Kanamori S, Miyaguni Y, Hanazato M, Kondo K. Community-Level Sports Group Participation and the Risk of Cognitive Impairment. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020; 51:2217-2223. [PMID: 31205226 PMCID: PMC7028475 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Community-level group participation is a structural aspect of social capital that may have a contextual influence on individual health. We investigated the contextual effect of community-level prevalence of sports group participation on the risk of cognitive impairment among older individuals. METHODS We analyzed prospective cohort data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study, a nationwide survey of 40,308 functionally independent older individuals from 346 communities. Cognitive impairment was assessed by the nationally standardized dementia scale proposed by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. Participation in a sports group 1 d per month or more frequently was defined as "participation." We applied a two-level multilevel survival analysis to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS The cumulative incidence of cognitive impairment during the 6-yr follow-up period was 9.8%. The mean proportion of sports group participation was 25.2% (range, 0.0%-56.5%). Higher prevalence of community-level sports group participation was associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.86-0.99, estimated by 10 percentage points of participation proportion) after adjusting for individual-level sports group participation, sex, age, disease, obesity, social isolation, alcohol, smoking, education, income, depression, daily walking time, population density, and sunlight hours. We found cross-level interaction between individual- and community-level sports group participation (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.76-0.99). CONCLUSIONS We found a contextual preventive effect of community-level sports group participation on developing cognitive impairment among older individuals. Furthermore, the benefit may favor sports group participants. Therefore, promoting sports groups in a community setting may be effective as a population-based strategy for the prevention of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishi Tsuji
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba City, Chiba, JAPAN
| | - Satoru Kanamori
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku Ward, Tokyo, JAPAN.,Human Resource Management Department, ITOCHU Techno-Solutions Corporation, Shinagawa Ward, Tokyo, JAPAN
| | - Yasuhiro Miyaguni
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Aichi, JAPAN
| | - Masamichi Hanazato
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba City, Chiba, JAPAN
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba City, Chiba, JAPAN.,Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Aichi, JAPAN
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143
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Van der Veken K, Lauwerier E, Willems SJ. How community sport programs may improve the health of vulnerable population groups: a program theory. Int J Equity Health 2020; 19:74. [PMID: 32448226 PMCID: PMC7245920 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-020-01177-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Groups at risk of exclusion from society appear to have a lower health status and more health-related problems. Prevention efforts in these groups are not always successful, and new ways have to be sought by which health messages can be delivered. Many agree on low-threshold sport activities, also called ‘community sports’, to be a powerful tool to target socially vulnerable groups. Until now, it has not been investigated how and when such sport initiatives may be able to impact health outcomes in socially vulnerable populations. This study aims at developing a program theory that clarifies the mechanisms and necessary conditions for sport programs to be effective in health promotion. Such a program theory may constitute a backbone for developing health promotion initiatives within a sport for development setting. Methods We developed a program theory using a realist research design. We build on an extensive data set consisting of the insights of key stakeholders and participants of various community sport organizations at the one hand, and on relevant theoretical frameworks at the other hand. Data were collected through participatory observations of soccer trainings and related group activities, interviews with key stakeholders and participants, document analysis and two focus groups with stakeholders from associated social partnership organizations. Results The health promoting effect of community sport on socially vulnerable groups seems not to result from an improved physical condition or sport-technical skills as such, but from processes of experiential learning among peers, incremental responsibility-taking and reflexivity. On the condition that participants feel safe, are stimulated to reflect and enabled to become actor of themselves and their situation, these processes are likely to lead to increased self-esteem, self-efficacy and motivation to set and pursue personal (health) goals. The key-influencing factor in these processes is the coach, who therefore needs to be adequately skilled in, for example, social vulnerability, motivational coaching and group dynamics. Conclusions The program theory developed in this study offers insights in the mechanisms proper to, and necessary conditions for community sport to be a lever for health promotion in socially vulnerable groups. Motivational processes at individual level and group connectivity are at the basis of personal health goal-setting. One of the necessary conditions is that these processes are guided by community sport coaches skilled in the meaning and impact of social exclusion, and capable of connecting with the target group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Van der Veken
- Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emelien Lauwerier
- Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Experimental-Clinical & Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sara J Willems
- Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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144
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Effects of a 3-Week In-Hospital Body Weight Reduction Program on Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Muscle Performance, and Fatigue: A Retrospective Study in a Population of Obese Adults with or without Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051495. [PMID: 32455545 PMCID: PMC7284609 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. In clinical practice, there is the diffuse conviction that obese subjects with metabolic syndrome may be more difficult to treat. Objectives and Methods. The aim of the present study was that to investigate the effectiveness of a 3-week in-hospital body weight reduction program (BWRP) in a large population of obese subjects with and without metabolic syndrome (n = 1922; 222 men and 1700 women, age range 18–83 yr). Outcomes such as body mass index (BMI), total (TOT) and HDL cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP, respectively), coronary heart disease (CHD) score, fatigue severity score (FSS), and stair climbing test (SCT) time were evaluated before and after the intervention (Δ). A sex-, BMI-, and age-related stratification of the obese population with or without metabolic syndrome was applied. Results. When compared to obese subjects without metabolic syndrome, at the basal conditions, obese subjects had a poorer cardiometabolic profile, as demonstrated by higher triglycerides, TOT-cholesterol, DBP, SBP, and CHD score, and a more compromised muscle performance (evaluated by SCT), associated with more perception of fatigue (measured by FSS). Nevertheless, obese subjects with metabolic syndrome obtained more benefits from BWRP than those without metabolic syndrome for some outcomes (i.e., ΔTOT-cholesterol, ΔSBP, and ΔCHD score). Despite these differences, the BWRP-induced weight loss was similar between the two groups (i.e., ΔBMI) as well as the gain of muscle performance (i.e., ΔSCT) and the reduction of fatigue (i.e., ΔFSS). Interestingly, the potentially deleterious fall in HDL-cholesterol levels after BWRP was less evident in obese subjects with metabolic syndrome than those without metabolic syndrome. When pooling all data, the ΔCHD score was associated with age, sex, and metabolic syndrome. The remaining outcomes, such as ΔBMI, ΔFSS, and ΔSCT time, were associated with sex and age but not with metabolic syndrome. Finally, ΔBMI was positively correlated with ΔCHD score, ΔFSS, and ΔSCT time in both obese subjects without metabolic syndrome and obese subjects with metabolic syndrome. Conclusions. When comparing obese subjects undergoing a BWRP, metabolic syndrome is not a negative predictive factor affecting the effectiveness of this intervention in terms of weight loss, muscle performance, and psychological well-being.
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Luo H, Galvão DA, Newton RU, Fairman CM, Taaffe DR. Sport Medicine in the Prevention and Management of Cancer. Integr Cancer Ther 2020; 18:1534735419894063. [PMID: 31838880 PMCID: PMC6913064 DOI: 10.1177/1534735419894063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity is a major concern in cancer patients despite the established preventative and therapeutic effects of regular physical exercise for this patient group. Sport not only plays an important role in supporting the development and maintenance of a physically active lifestyle but also is increasingly used as a health promotion activity in various populations. Nevertheless, the potential of sport as an effective strategy in the prevention and management of cancer has gained little attention. Based on the scant evidence to date, participation of cancer patients in supervised, well-tailored sport programs appears to be safe and feasible and is associated with an array of physical and psychological benefits. We propose that sport participation may serve as an alternative strategy in the prevention of cancer and sport medicine in the management of cancer. As with the traditional exercise modes, benefits derived from sport participation will be dependent on the sport undertaken and the physical/physiological, motor, and cognitive demands required. To this end, further work is required to develop a solid evidence base in this field so that targeted sport participation can be recommended for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Luo
- Guangdong Vocational Institute of Sport, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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146
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Burns S, Evans M, Jancey J, Portsmouth L, Maycock B. Influences of club connectedness among young adults in Western Australian community-based sports clubs. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:733. [PMID: 32429870 PMCID: PMC7238631 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08836-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Along with physical benefits, community-based sport provides opportunities to enhance connectedness, an important protective factor of social and emotional health. However, young Australians participating in sport have been found to drink alcohol at higher levels than their non-sporting peers, and many clubs serve unhealthy food and beverages. This study explored the association between the dependent variable, level of alcohol consumption (AUDIT-C) and connectedness to club and other health behaviours among young people aged 18-30 years who play club sport in Western Australia. METHODS An online cross sectional survey measured levels of alcohol consumption (AUDIT-C), alcohol-related harm, connectedness (including volunteering and team cohesion), mental wellbeing, healthy food options and club sponsorship among young adults aged 18-30 years involved in sports clubs in Western Australia (n = 242). Relationships and association between the dependent variable (AUDIT-C) and independent variables were assessed. RESULTS Male sportspeople were more likely to drink alcohol at high-risk levels than females (p < .001), and respondents belonging to a club that received alcohol-related sponsorship were more likely to drink at high-risk levels (p = .019). Females were significantly more likely to want healthy food and beverage options provided at their clubs (p = 0.011). When all factors were considered team cohesion (p = 0.02), alcohol expectations (p = < .001), occurrences of experienced alcohol-related harm (p = <.001) and length of club membership (p = 0.18) were significant predictors of high-risk AUDIT-C (R2 = .34, adjusted R2 = .33, F (4, 156) = 20.43, p = <.001). High-risk AUDIT-C and club connectedness predicted strong team cohesion (R2 = .39, adjusted R2 = .39, F (2, 166) = 53.74, p = <.001). CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study may inform policy and practice to enhance healthy behaviours among young adults participating in community sports clubs in Australia and other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharyn Burns
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845 Australia
| | - Melissa Evans
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845 Australia
| | - Jonine Jancey
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845 Australia
| | - Linda Portsmouth
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845 Australia
| | - Bruce Maycock
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845 Australia
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147
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Costalonga DA, Crozier AJ, Stenner BJ, Baldock KL. Sport as a Leisure Occupation in Occupational Therapy Literature: A Scoping Review. Am J Occup Ther 2020; 74:7403205100p1-7403205100p10. [PMID: 32365316 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2020.035949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The focus of occupational therapy is often on personal care, life skills, and daily living. Sport, as a type of leisure activity, can also provide benefits to health and well-being. Occupational therapy practitioners should therefore promote the role of sport in the lives of clients. OBJECTIVE To investigate the extent, range, and nature of peer-reviewed occupational therapy literature investigating sport as a leisure occupation. DATA SOURCES The following databases were searched: Embase, MEDLINE, OTseeker, PsycINFO, PubMed, and SPORTDiscus. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA COLLECTION We identified published studies investigating competitive sport in occupational therapy research or practice. Included studies investigated adult participants (age ≥18 yr) participating in sport, had a clear occupational therapy input, and were written in the English language. FINDINGS Six studies met the inclusion criteria. Only 2 of the 6 studies identified through the search strategy were conducted after 2004, diagnosis and outcome measures varied widely, and sport as a leisure occupation was found to have positive individual outcomes. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Opportunities exist to investigate sport as a leisure occupation and its involvement in occupational therapy practice. Future research may contribute to positive outcomes and experiences for clients who receive occupational therapy. WHAT THIS ARTICLE ADDS This scoping review describes literature about sport as an occupation and highlights the opportunities for practitioners and researchers to incorporate sport as a leisure occupation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Costalonga
- Daniel A. Costalonga, BOccThy (Hon), was Student, School of Health Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, at the time of this research
| | - Alyson J Crozier
- Alyson J. Crozier, PhD, is Lecturer, School of Health Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, and Researcher, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition, and Activity, University of South Australia, City East Campus, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Brad J Stenner
- Brad J. Stenner, PhD, is Lecturer, School of Health Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, and Researcher, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition, and Activity; University of South Australia, City East Campus, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Katherine L Baldock
- Katherine L. Baldock, PhD, is Senior Lecturer, School of Health Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, and Researcher, Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia, City East Campus, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia;
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148
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Sebri V, Savioni L, Triberti S, Durosini I, Mazzocco K, Pravettoni G. Do You Transfer Your Skills? From Sports to Health Management in Cancer Patients. Front Psychol 2020; 11:546. [PMID: 32411035 PMCID: PMC7201130 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Skill transfer is a process where personal cognitive and behavioral abilities are applied to contexts that are different from the one in which they were originally learned. Literature demonstrates that skill transferability is possible: for example, people can apply skills learned in sports to other life-domains (such as school, work, or health management) with the aim to improve individual characteristics and reach personal goals. To do this, several factors, such as positive communication, adequate context, a person-centered perspective, and specific strategies, are necessary. On the basis of this, the aim of this contribution is explore the relationship between sports and health management skills to enhance the coach/athlete as well as the patient/physician relationships. Useful strategies for skill transfer from sports to cancer management are shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Sebri
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Savioni
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Triberti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Durosini
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ketti Mazzocco
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pravettoni
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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149
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Davies MAM, Lawrence T, Edwards A, Lecky F, McKay CD, Stokes KA, Williams S. Serious sports-related injury in England and Wales from 2012-2017: a study protocol. Inj Epidemiol 2020; 7:14. [PMID: 32336291 PMCID: PMC7184700 DOI: 10.1186/s40621-020-00243-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity is an important component of healthy lifestyles, with a central role in morbidity prevention. However, sporting and physical activity also involve an inherent injury risk. Some sports and activities have a higher injury risk, and may involve more severe injuries. Furthermore, injuries of a severe nature have substantial individual and societal consequences, including the burden of assessment, treatment, and potential on-going care costs. There are limited data on severe sports injury risk in England and Wales, and no national data describing risk across sports. The aims of this study are to identify the cases and incidence of: i) paediatric and ii) adult severe sports injury from 2012 to 2017; and to describe injury incidence in individual sports. Methods This study is an analysis of prospectively collected sport-related injuries, treated from January 2012 to December 2017. Incidents involving a severe injury (in-patient trauma care) in England and Wales, will be identified from the Trauma Audit Research Network registry. Data for patients who were: transfers or direct hospital admissions, with inpatient stays of ≥3 days, admissions to High Dependency areas, or in-hospital mortality after admission; and whose injury mechanism was sport, or incident description included one of 62 sporting activities, will be extracted. Data will be categorised by sport, and sports participation data will be derived from Sport England participation surveys. Descriptive statistics will be estimated for all demographic, incident, treatment and sport fields, and crude serious annual injury incidence proportions estimated. Poisson confidence intervals will be estimated for each sport and used to describe injury risk (incidence) across sporting activities. Discussion This study will be the first to describe the number of, and trends in severe sport-related injuries in England and Wales. These data are useful to monitor the number and burden of severe sports injury, and inform injury prevention efforts. The monitoring and mitigation of sports injury risk is essential for individuals, health services and policy, and to encourage physically active lifestyles and safer participation for adults and children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tom Lawrence
- Trauma Audit Research Network, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Antoinette Edwards
- Trauma Audit Research Network, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Fiona Lecky
- Trauma Audit Research Network, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Centre for Urgent and Emergency Care Research, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Carly D McKay
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.,Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, Nottingham, UK
| | - Keith A Stokes
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.,Rugby Football Union, Twickenham, UK
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150
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Pay to Play? State Laws Related to High School Sports Participation Fees. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2020; 25:E27-E35. [PMID: 29889175 DOI: 10.1097/phh.0000000000000813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Participation in high school sports can impact the physical and mental health of students and influence other positive social and economic outcomes. To maintain sports programs amidst school budget deficits, many districts are implementing sports participation fee policies. Although locally implemented, these district policies can be guided by state law. OBJECTIVE The main objective of this study was to assess state laws and regulations related to high school sports participation fees. DESIGN Codified statutes and administrative regulations were compiled for all 50 states and the District of Columbia using subscription-based services from LexisNexis and WestlawNext. A content assessment tool was developed to identify key components of school sports participation fee laws and used for summarization. Key components identified included legislation summarization, years in effect, whether it allows fees, whether there is any fee waiver, qualifications needed for fee waiver, whether there is a tax credit, and whether there is disclosure of implementation. State information was aggregated and doubled-coded to ensure reliability. RESULTS As of December 31, 2016, 18 states had laws governing sports participation fees; 17 of these states' laws allowed for such fees, whereas 1 state prohibited them. Most laws give authority to local school boards to set and collect fees. The laws in 9 states have provisions for a waiver program for students who cannot pay the fees, although they do not all mandate the existence of these waivers. Other content within laws included tax credits and disclosure. CONCLUSION This analysis shows that states with laws related to school sports participation fees varied in scope and content. Little is known about the implementation or impact of these laws at the local level and the effect of fees on different student population groups. This warrants future investigation.
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