101
|
Nguyen D, Miao X, Taskar K, Magee M, Gorycki P, Moore K, Tai G. No dose adjustment of metformin or substrates of organic cation transporters (OCT)1 and OCT2 and multidrug and toxin extrusion protein (MATE)1/2K with fostemsavir coadministration based on modeling approaches. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2024; 12:e1238. [PMID: 38988092 PMCID: PMC11237172 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Fostemsavir is an approved gp120-directed attachment inhibitor and prodrug for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in combination with other antiretrovirals (ARVs) in heavily treatment-experienced adults with multi-drug resistance, intolerance, or safety concerns with their current ARV regimen. Initial in vitro studies indicated that temsavir, the active moiety of fostemsavir, and its metabolites, inhibited organic cation transporter (OCT)1, OCT2, and multidrug and toxin extrusion transporters (MATEs) at tested concentration of 100 uM, although risk assessment based on the current Food and Drug Administration in vitro drug-drug interaction (DDI) guidance using the mechanistic static model did not reveal any clinically relevant inhibition on OCTs and MATEs. However, a DDI risk was flagged with EMA static model predictions. Hence, a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of fostemsavir/temsavir was developed to further assess the DDI risk potential of OCT and MATEs inhibition by temsavir and predict changes in metformin (a sensitive OCT and MATEs substrate) exposure. No clinically relevant impact on metformin concentrations across a wide range of temsavir concentrations was predicted; therefore, no dose adjustment is recommended for metformin when co-administered with fostemsavir.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dung Nguyen
- GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Mindy Magee
- GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pete Gorycki
- GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Guoying Tai
- GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Fipps DC, Oesterle TS, Kolla BP. Opioid Maintenance Therapy: A Review of Methadone, Buprenorphine, and Naltrexone Treatments for Opioid Use Disorder. Semin Neurol 2024; 44:441-451. [PMID: 38848746 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1787571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
The rates of opioid use and opioid related deaths are escalating in the United States. Despite this, evidence-based treatments for Opioid Use Disorder are underutilized. There are three medications FDA approved for treatment of Opioid Use Disorder: Methadone, Buprenorphine, and Naltrexone. This article reviews the history, criteria, and mechanisms associated with Opioid Use Disorder. Pertinent pharmacology considerations, treatment strategies, efficacy, safety, and challenges of Methadone, Buprenorphine, and Naltrexone are outlined. Lastly, a practical decision making algorithm is discussed to address pertinent psychiatric and medical comorbidities when prescribing pharmacology for Opioid Use Disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David C Fipps
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Tyler S Oesterle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Bhanu P Kolla
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Kiriyama A, Kimura S, Yamashita S. Exploring the multiple effects of nifedipine and captopril administration in spontaneously hypertensive rats through pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analyses. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2024; 12:e1249. [PMID: 39017590 PMCID: PMC11253705 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the pharmacokinetics (PKs) and pharmacodynamics (PDs) of two antihypertensive drugs, nifedipine and captopril, by exploring their main (blood pressure [BP]) and secondary effects (heart rate [HR] and QT interval [QT]) in spontaneously hypertensive rats. This study aimed to assess the relationship between PKs and PDs. Using these PD parameters, BP, HR, and QT during coadministration were estimated. The coadministration of nifedipine and captopril resulted in an increase in nifedipine's total body clearance (CLtot) and a reduction in its mean residence time (MRT) with an increase in the terminal elimination half-life (t1/2) and volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss) of captopril. However, no significant PK interactions were observed. During monotherapy, BP reduced rapidly following nifedipine infusion. Subsequently, despite the increase in nifedipine plasma concentration, BP recovered, likely because of homeostasis. Similar results were observed with coadministration. Subsequently, BP demonstrated a sustained reduction that was greater than or equal to the additive effect estimated from each PK. Captopril exhibited a minimal effect on HR, except for a transient increase observed immediately after starting infusion, consistent with observations during coadministration. Subsequently, the HR reduction was nearly equal to that calculated from the nifedipine PK. QT prolongation was more rapid with captopril than with nifedipine. Although QT prolongation during the initial 60 min of coadministration was approximately the sum of both effects, the recovery period to baseline QT was faster than that in the simulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Kiriyama
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesDoshisha Women's College of Liberal ArtsKyotoJapan
| | - Shunsuke Kimura
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesDoshisha Women's College of Liberal ArtsKyotoJapan
| | - Shugo Yamashita
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesDoshisha Women's College of Liberal ArtsKyotoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Agema BC, Buck SAJ, Viskil M, Isebia KT, de Neijs MJ, Sassen SDT, Koch BCP, Joerger M, de Wit R, Koolen SLW, Mathijssen RHJ. Early Identification of Patients at Risk of Cabazitaxel-induced Severe Neutropenia. Eur Urol Oncol 2024; 7:786-793. [PMID: 37925350 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2023.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cabazitaxel frequently causes severe neutropenia. A higher cabazitaxel systemic exposure is related to a lower nadir absolute neutrophil count (ANC). OBJECTIVE To describe the effect of cabazitaxel systemic exposure on ANC by a population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (POP-PK/PD) model, and to identify patients at risk of severe neutropenia early in their treatment course using a PK threshold. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Data from five clinical studies were pooled to develop a POP-PK/PD model using NONMEM, linking both patient characteristics and cabazitaxel systemic exposure directly to ANC. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS A PK threshold, predictive of severe neutropenia (grade ≥3), was determined using a receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Ninety-six patients were included with a total of 1726 PK samples and 1081 ANCs. The POP-PK/PD model described both cabazitaxel PK and ANC accurately. A cabazitaxel plasma concentration of >4.96 ng/ml at 6 h after the start of infusion was found to be predictive of severe neutropenia, with a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 65%. CONCLUSIONS Early cabazitaxel plasma levels are predictive of severe neutropenia. Implementation of the proposed PK threshold results in early identification of almost 76% of all severe neutropenias. If prospectively validated, patients at risk could benefit from prophylactic administration of granulocyte colony stimulating factors, preventing severe neutropenia in an early phase of treatment. Implementation of this threshold permits a less restricted use of the 25 mg/m2 dose, potentially increasing the therapeutic benefit. PATIENT SUMMARY Treatment with cabazitaxel chemotherapy often causes neutropenia, leading to susceptibility to infections, which might be life threatening. We found that a systemic cabazitaxel concentration above 4.96 ng/ml 6 h after the start of infusion is predictive of the occurrence of severe neutropenia. Measurement of systemic cabazitaxel levels provides clinicians with the opportunity to prophylactically stimulate neutrophil growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bram C Agema
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Stefan A J Buck
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mano Viskil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Khrystany T Isebia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Micha J de Neijs
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan D T Sassen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Rotterdam Clinical Pharmacometrics Group, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Birgit C P Koch
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Rotterdam Clinical Pharmacometrics Group, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Joerger
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Ronald de Wit
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stijn L W Koolen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ron H J Mathijssen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Boujonnier F, Lemaitre F, Scailteux LM. Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Abiraterone, Apalutamide, Darolutamide or Enzalutamide and Antithrombotic Drugs: Prediction of Clinical Events and Review of Pharmacological Information. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2024; 38:757-767. [PMID: 37126188 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-023-07453-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Abiraterone, apalutamide, darolutamide and enzalutamide are second-generation hormone therapies used for advanced prostate cancer; the majority of patients receiving these treatments are elderly, poly-medicated patients. Since their first market authorizations, their pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics are increasingly well known. A potential risk of drug-drug interaction (DDI), especially with cardiovascular drugs, needs to be considered. In the case of antithrombotics, treatment imbalance can lead to severe consequences. OBJECTIVES To describe PK profiles of hormone therapies and antithrombotics and to predict DDIs and potentially related clinical events. METHODS PK profiles (CYP450 and P-gp substrate, inducer or inhibitor) are described by cross-referencing data sources (summary of product characteristics, European public assessment reports, PubMed database, Micromedex®, etc.); a description of the potential interactions with anti-cancer drugs for each DDI and related clinical events is provided. We discuss management recommendations, including those set out in international guidelines. RESULTS Antithrombotics are mainly metabolized by CYP 2C9, 2C19 or 3A4. For abiraterone (CYP 2C8, 2D6 inhibitor) and darolutamide (CYP 3A4 inducer), no interaction was identified with antithrombotics. For apalutamide (CYP 2C9, 2C19, 3A4 and P-gp inducer) and enzalutamide (CYP 2C9, 2C19, 3A4 inducer and P-gp inhibitor), several PK interactions were identified with antithrombotics, which could lead to various clinical events (haemorrhage or thromboembolism). CONCLUSION Numerous interactions are expected between enzalutamide or apalutamide and antithrombotics, for which management should be deployed on a case-by-case basis. PK and pharmaco-epidemiological studies could shed light on whether or not there are clinically significant events related to DDIs with antithrombotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François Boujonnier
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Florian Lemaitre
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
- Department of Clinical and Biological Pharmacology, Rennes University Hospital, 35033, Rennes, France
| | - Lucie-Marie Scailteux
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France.
- Pharmacovigilance, Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Information Centre, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Rennes University Hospital, 35033, Rennes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Pergolizzi JV, LeQuang JA, El-Tallawy SN, Wagner M, Ahmed RS, Varrassi G. An update on pharmacotherapy for trigeminal neuralgia. Expert Rev Neurother 2024; 24:773-786. [PMID: 38870050 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2024.2365946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trigeminal neuralgia is a rare condition that can be effectively treated by carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine but these older drugs are associated with dose-dependent and potentially treatment-limiting adverse effects. Third-generation anticonvulsants, new calcitonin gene-related peptide blockers for migraine, and older drugs such as ketamine and cannabinoids may be promising adjuvants or monotherapeutic options. AREAS COVERED The new drugs, their presumed mechanisms of action, safety and efficacy are discussed herein. There is a paucity of robust clinical evidence in support of these drugs for trigeminal neuralgia. New migraine agents are considered as well although migraines and trigeminal neuralgia are distinct, albeit similar, conditions. No new drugs have been released to market in recent years with the specific indication of trigeminal neuralgia. EXPERT OPINION In real-world clinical practice, about half of trigeminal neuralgia patients take more than one agent for prevention and combination therapy may be the optimal approach. Combination therapy might allow for lower doses of carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine, thus reducing the number and severity of potential adverse events but the potential for pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions must be considered. Drug therapy for trigeminal neuralgia involves acute or abortive treatments, often administered in hospital versus long-term preventive therapy, usually involving oral agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Salah N El-Tallawy
- Anesthesia and Pain Department, King Khalid University Hospital, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Anesthesia Department, Medicine, Minia University & NCI, Minia, Egypt
| | | | - Rania S Ahmed
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | |
Collapse
|
107
|
Amesz JH, Langmuur SJJ, Epskamp N, Bogers AJJC, de Groot NMS, Manintveld OC, Taverne YJHJ. Acute Biomechanical Effects of Empagliflozin on Living Isolated Human Heart Failure Myocardium. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2024; 38:659-666. [PMID: 36780068 PMCID: PMC11266265 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-023-07434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Multiple randomized controlled trials have presented SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) as novel pharmacological therapy for patients with heart failure, resulting in reductions in hospitalization for heart failure and mortality. Given the absence of SGLT2 receptors in the heart, mechanisms of direct cardioprotective effects of SGLT2i are complex and remain to be investigated. In this study, we evaluated the direct biomechanical effects of SGLT2i empagliflozin on isolated myocardium from end-stage heart failure patients. METHODS Ventricular tissue biopsies obtained from 7 patients undergoing heart transplantation or ventricular assist device implantation surgery were cut into 27 living myocardial slices (LMS) and mounted in custom-made cultivation chambers with mechanical preload and electrical stimulation, resulting in cardiac contractions. These 300 µm thick LMS were subjected to 10 µM empagliflozin and with continuous recording of biomechanical parameters. RESULTS Empagliflozin did not affect the maximum contraction force of the slices, however, increased total contraction duration by 13% (p = 0.002) which was determined by prolonged time to peak and time to relaxation (p = 0.009 and p = 0.003, respectively). CONCLUSION The addition of empagliflozin to LMS from end-stage heart failure patients cultured in a biomimetic system improves contraction and relaxation kinetics by increasing total contraction duration without diminishing maximum force production. Therefore, we present convincing evidence that SGLT2i can directly act on the myocardium in absence of systemic influences from other organ systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorik H Amesz
- Translational Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Lab, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Lowlands Institute for Bioelectric Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne J J Langmuur
- Translational Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Lab, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Lowlands Institute for Bioelectric Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nina Epskamp
- Translational Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Lab, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ad J J C Bogers
- Translational Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Lab, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Natasja M S de Groot
- Lowlands Institute for Bioelectric Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Olivier C Manintveld
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yannick J H J Taverne
- Translational Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Lab, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015GD, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
- Lowlands Institute for Bioelectric Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Subekti DT, Azmi Z, Kurniawati DA, Suwanti LT, Mufasirin M, Sunarno S. Molecular characterization of trypanocide-resistant strains derived from a single field isolate of Trypanosoma evansi. Vet Parasitol 2024; 330:110236. [PMID: 38889668 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Four strains (SB-PR, SB-RS, SB-RD, and SB-RM) of Trypanosoma evansi (T. evansi) were used in this study. SB-PR is known to be trypanocide-sensitive, while the others are trypanocide-resistant to suramin, diminazene diaceturate, and melarsomine hydrochloride, respectively. SB-RS, SB-RD, and SB-RM are derivatives of a single field isolate of SB-PR. Trypanocide resistance will not only increase costs and decrease production efficiency but will also affect effective treatment strategies. Therefore, studies on this topic are important to avoid inefficient production and ineffective treatment. This paper aims to presents a comparative molecular characterization of the trypanocide-resistant strains compared to the parent population. Comparative molecular characterization of these strains based on a protein profile analysis performed with sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), DNA fingerprinting of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and the molecular characterization of expression-site-associated 6 (ESAG6), variant surface glycoprotein (VSG), and T. evansi adenosine transporter-1 (TevAT1) gene sequences. The results show three derived strains (SB-RS, SB-RD, and SB-RM) exhibit different banding patterns than SB-PR. According to the RAPD results, SB-RS and SB-RD are different strains with DNA fingerprint similarities of about 77.8 %, while the DNA fingerprint of SB-RM has a similarity of 44.4 % to SB-RS and SB-RD. No differences in VSG were found among the four strains; however, ESAG6 showed differences in both nucleotide and amino acid sequences, as well as in its secondary and 3D structure. In conclusion, all molecular analyses of the ESAG6 gene showed that SB-PR, SB-RS, SB-RD, and SB-RM are different strains. Furthermore, SB-PR, SB-RS, SB-RD, and SB-RM did not exhibit the TevAT1 gene, so the resistance mechanism was determined to be unrelated to that gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Didik T Subekti
- Veterinary Science Program, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Campus C - JL. Mulyorejo, Surabaya, East Java Province 60115, Indonesia; Center for Biomedical Research, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, JL. Raya Jakarta - Bogor Km. 46, Bogor, West Jawa Province 16911, Indonesia.
| | - Zul Azmi
- Center for Standardization of Animal Husbandry and Animal Health Instruments, Agency for Standardization of Agricultural Instruments, Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture, JL. Raya Pajajaran Kav. E No. 59, Bogor, West Jawa Province 16143, Indonesia
| | - Dyah A Kurniawati
- Center for Veterinary Instrument Standard Testing (CVIST), Agency for Standardization of Agricultural Instruments, Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture, JL. RE. Martadinata 30, Bogor, West Jawa Province 16114, Indonesia
| | - Lucia T Suwanti
- Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Campus C - JL. Mulyorejo, Surabaya, East Java Province 60115, Indonesia
| | - Mufasirin Mufasirin
- Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Campus C - JL. Mulyorejo, Surabaya, East Java Province 60115, Indonesia
| | - Sunarno Sunarno
- Center for Biomedical Research, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, JL. Raya Jakarta - Bogor Km. 46, Bogor, West Jawa Province 16911, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Wilson LC, Ward J, Wright DFB, Green SC, Stocker SL, Putt TL, Schollum JBW, Walker RJ. The impact of peritoneal dialysis on oxypurinol and urate elimination in people with gout. Nephrology (Carlton) 2024; 29:547-550. [PMID: 38626950 DOI: 10.1111/nep.14306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Gout affects 15%-30% of individuals with advanced kidney disease. Allopurinol which is rapidly and extensively metabolised to an active metabolite, oxypurinol, is the most commonly prescribed urate-lowering therapy. Oxypurinol is almost entirely eliminated by the kidneys (>95%) and has an elimination half-life of 18-30 h in those with normal kidney function. However, oxypurinol pharmacokinetics are poorly understood in individuals with kidney failure on peritoneal dialysis. This study characterised the elimination of oxypurinol and urate in people with gout receiving peritoneal dialysis. Oxypurinol steady-state oral clearance (CL/F), elimination half-life as well as kidney (CLk) and peritoneal (CLpd) clearances for oxypurinol and urate were calculated from the plasma, urine and dialysate concentration data for each individual. Our results demonstrate that oxypurinol and urate are removed by peritoneal dialysis, accounting for more than 50% of oxypurinol and urate clearances. An allopurinol dose about 50%-60% lower than the usual dose used for a patient with normal kidney function will provide adequate urate-lowering therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luke C Wilson
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jacob Ward
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Daniel F B Wright
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Sydney Pharmacy School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Suetonia C Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Sophie L Stocker
- Sydney Pharmacy School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, Univ. of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tracey L Putt
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - John B W Schollum
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Robert J Walker
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Santamaria F, Roberto M, Buccilli D, Di Civita MA, Giancontieri P, Maltese G, Nicolella F, Torchia A, Scagnoli S, Pisegna S, Barchiesi G, Speranza I, Botticelli A, Santini D. Clinical implications of the Drug-Drug Interaction in Cancer Patients treated with innovative oncological treatments. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 200:104405. [PMID: 38838928 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
In the last two-decades, innovative drugs have revolutionized cancer treatments, demonstrating a significant improvement in overall survival. These drugs may present several pharmacokinetics interactions with non-oncological drugs, and vice versa, and, non-oncological drugs can modify oncological treatment outcome both with pharmacokinetic interaction and with an "off-target impact" on the tumor microenvironment or on the peripheral immune response. It's supposed that the presence of a drug-drug interaction (DDI) is associated with an increased risk of reduced anti-tumor effects or severe toxicities. However, clinical evidence that correlate the DDI presence with outcome are few, and results are difficult to compare because of difference in data collection and heterogeneous population. This review reports all the clinical evidence about DDI to provide an easy-to-use guide for DDI management and dose adjustment in solid tumors treated with inhibitors of the cyclin-dependent kinases CDK4-6, Antibody-drug conjugates, Poly ADPribose polymerase inhibitors, androgen-receptor targeted agents, or immunecheckpoints inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fiorenza Santamaria
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Medical Oncology A, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Dermatology, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Italy
| | - Michela Roberto
- Medical Oncology A, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Dermatology, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Italy.
| | - Dorelsa Buccilli
- Medical Oncology A, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Dermatology, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Italy; Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Anatomy Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Alberto Di Civita
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Medical Oncology A, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Dermatology, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Italy; Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Anatomy Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Giancontieri
- Medical Oncology A, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Dermatology, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Italy; Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Anatomy Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Maltese
- Medical Oncology A, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Dermatology, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Italy; Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Anatomy Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Nicolella
- Medical Oncology A, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Dermatology, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Italy; Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Anatomy Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Torchia
- Medical Oncology A, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Dermatology, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Italy; Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Scagnoli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Medical Oncology A, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Dermatology, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Italy
| | - Simona Pisegna
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Medical Oncology A, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Dermatology, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Italy
| | - Giacomo Barchiesi
- Medical Oncology A, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Dermatology, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Italy
| | - Iolanda Speranza
- Medical Oncology A, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Dermatology, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Italy
| | - Andrea Botticelli
- Medical Oncology A, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Dermatology, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Italy; Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Anatomy Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Santini
- Medical Oncology A, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Dermatology, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, Italy; Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Shastri D, Raj V, Lee S. Revolutionizing Alzheimer's treatment: Harnessing human serum albumin for targeted drug delivery and therapy advancements. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102379. [PMID: 38901740 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder initiated by amyloid-beta (Aβ) accumulation, leading to impaired cognitive function. Several delivery approaches have been improved for AD management. Among them, human serum albumin (HSA) is broadly employed for drug delivery and targeting the Aβ in AD owing to its biocompatibility, Aβ inhibitory effect, and nanoform, which showed blood-brain barrier (BBB) crossing ability via glycoprotein 60 (gp60) receptor and secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) protein to transfer the drug molecules in the brain. Thus far, there is no previous review focusing on HSA and its drug delivery system in AD. Hence, the reviewed article aimed to critically compile the HSA therapeutic as well as drug delivery role in AD management. It also delivers information on how HSA-incorporated nanoparticles with surfaced embedded ligands such as TAT, GM1, and so on, not only improve BBB permeability but also increase neuron cell targetability in AD brain. Additionally, Aβ and tau pathology, including various metabolic markers likely BACE1 and BACE2, etc., are discussed. Besides, the molecular interaction of HSA with Aβ and its distinctive forms are critically reviewed that HSA can segregate Zn(II) and Cu(II) metal ions from Aβ owing to high affinity. Furthermore, the BBB drug delivery challenges in AD are addressed. Finally, the clinical formulation of HSA for the management of AD is critically discussed on how the HSA inhibits Aβ oligomer and fibril, while glycated HSA participates in amyloid plaque formation, i.e., β-structure sheet formation. This review report provides theoretical background on HSA-based AD drug delivery and makes suggestions for future prospect-related work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Shastri
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, the Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 42601, the Republic of Korea
| | - Vinit Raj
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Sangkil Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, the Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Lenard A, Hermann SA, Stoll F, Burhenne J, Foerster KI, Mikus G, Meid AD, Haefeli WE, Blank A. Effect of Clarithromycin, a Strong CYP3A and P-glycoprotein Inhibitor, on the Pharmacokinetics of Edoxaban in Healthy Volunteers and the Evaluation of the Drug Interaction with Other Oral Factor Xa Inhibitors by a Microdose Cocktail Approach. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2024; 38:747-756. [PMID: 36870039 PMCID: PMC11266212 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-023-07443-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We assessed the differential effect of clarithromycin, a strong inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 and P-glycoprotein, on the pharmacokinetics of a regular dose of edoxaban and on a microdose cocktail of factor Xa inhibitors (FXaI). Concurrently, CYP3A activity was determined with a midazolam microdose. METHODS In an open-label fixed-sequence trial in 12 healthy volunteers, the pharmacokinetics of a microdosed FXaI cocktail (μ-FXaI; 25 μg apixaban, 50 μg edoxaban, and 25 μg rivaroxaban) and of 60 mg edoxaban before and during clarithromycin (2 x 500 mg/d) dosed to steady-state was evaluated. Plasma concentrations of study drugs were quantified using validated ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods. RESULTS Therapeutic clarithromycin doses increased the exposure of a therapeutic 60 mg dose of edoxaban with a geometric mean ratio (GMR) of the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of 1.53 (90 % CI: 1.37-1.70; p < 0.0001). Clarithromycin also increased the GMR (90% CI) of the exposure of microdosed FXaI apixaban to 1.38 (1.26-1.51), edoxaban to 2.03 (1.84-2.24), and rivaroxaban to 1.44 (1.27-1.63). AUC changes observed for the therapeutic edoxaban dose were significantly smaller than those observed with the microdose (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Clarithromycin increases FXaI exposure. However, the magnitude of this drug interaction is not expected to be clinically relevant. The edoxaban microdose overestimates the extent of the drug interaction with the therapeutic dose, whereas AUC ratios for apixaban and rivaroxaban were comparable to the interaction with therapeutic doses as reported in the literature. TRIAL REGISTRATION EudraCT Number: 2018-002490-22.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Lenard
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Partner Site Heidelberg, German Center for Infection Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon A Hermann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Partner Site Heidelberg, German Center for Infection Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felicitas Stoll
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Partner Site Heidelberg, German Center for Infection Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juergen Burhenne
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Partner Site Heidelberg, German Center for Infection Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kathrin I Foerster
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Partner Site Heidelberg, German Center for Infection Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerd Mikus
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Partner Site Heidelberg, German Center for Infection Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas D Meid
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Partner Site Heidelberg, German Center for Infection Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Walter E Haefeli
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Partner Site Heidelberg, German Center for Infection Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antje Blank
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Partner Site Heidelberg, German Center for Infection Research, Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Gangapersad RN, Zhou G, Garcia-Gomez P, Bos J, Hak E, Koch BCP, Schuiling-Veninga CCM, Dierckx B. Comparison of antipsychotic drug use in children and adolescents in the Netherlands before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:2695-2703. [PMID: 38183460 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02340-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to describe the patterns and trends in antipsychotic prescription among Dutch youth before and during the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (between 2017 and 2022). The study specifically aims to determine whether there has been an increase or decrease in antipsychotic prescription among this population, and whether there are any differences in prescription patterns among different age and sex groups. The study utilized the IADB database, which is a pharmacy prescription database containing dispensing data from approximately 120 community pharmacies in the Netherlands, to analyze the monthly prevalence and incidence rates of antipsychotic prescription among Dutch youth before and during the pandemic. The study also examined the prescribing patterns of the five most commonly used antipsychotics and conducted an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) analysis using data prior to the pandemic, to predict the expected prevalence rate during the pandemic. The prescription rate of antipsychotics for Dutch youth was slightly affected by the pandemic, with a monthly prevalence of 4.56 [4.50-4.62] per 1000 youths before COVID-19 pandemic and 4.64 [4.59-4.69] during the pandemic. A significant increase in prevalence was observed among adolescent girls aged 13-19 years. The monthly incidence rate remained stable overall, but rose for adolescent girls aged 13-19 years. Aripiprazole, and Quetiapine had higher monthly prevalence rates during the pandemic, while Risperidone and Pipamperon had lower rates. Similarly, the monthly incidence rates of Aripiprazole and Olanzapine went up, while Risperidone went down. Furthermore, the results from the ARIMA analysis revealed that despite the pandemic, the monthly prevalence rate of antipsychotic prescription was within expectation. The findings of this study suggest that there has been a moderate increase in antipsychotic prescription among Dutch youth during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in adolescent females aged 13-19 years. However, the study also suggests that factors beyond the pandemic may be contributing to the rise in antipsychotic prescription in Dutch youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravish N Gangapersad
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Guiling Zhou
- Unit of Pharmaco-Therapy, -Epidemiology and -Economics (PTEE), Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pilar Garcia-Gomez
- Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jens Bos
- Unit of Pharmaco-Therapy, -Epidemiology and -Economics (PTEE), Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eelko Hak
- Unit of Pharmaco-Therapy, -Epidemiology and -Economics (PTEE), Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Birgit C P Koch
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina C M Schuiling-Veninga
- Unit of Pharmaco-Therapy, -Epidemiology and -Economics (PTEE), Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bram Dierckx
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Wolf P, Ceovic R, Conrad C, Falkensteiner K, Graier T, Kołt-Kamińska M, Marovt M, Mateeva V, Maul JT, Navarini AA, Nicolescu AC, Ratzinger G, Pavlovsky L, Sanzharovskaya M, Szegedi A, Reich A. Characteristics and management of generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP): Experience from the Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) GPP Expert Network. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024; 38:1531-1542. [PMID: 38279888 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare, inflammatory skin disease characterized by widespread eruption of sterile pustules with or without systemic symptoms. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to describe the demographics of patients with GPP in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), present the clinical characteristics of individual GPP flares and explore the current treatment landscape. METHODS Patient demographics were collected at the times of last observation and previous treatment. Characteristics of a patient's last (most recent) and most severe (from all documented episodes) flare were provided at clinician's discretion. RESULTS Fifty-eight patients were recruited from 12 centres in nine CEE countries; median (range) age was 61 (16-92) years and 60.3% (35 out of 58) were female. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (43.1% [25 out of 58]) and hyperlipidaemia (32.8% [19 out of 58]). Thirty-four patients (58.6%) presented with concomitant plaque psoriasis before or during the course of GPP. Data from two separate flares were recorded in 26 individuals; in 32 patients, the most recent flare was reported as the most severe. Over 90% of patients with a flare episode classified as most severe by clinicians were hospitalized, with >75% of these individuals having a Generalized Pustular Psoriasis Physician Global Assessment (GPPGA) total score of 3 or 4. Systemic symptoms were more common in patients with a GPPGA score of 3 or 4 but were also manifest in individuals with a GPPGA score ≤2. A significant correlation was observed between a combined systemic disease score of clinical and laboratory features and both GPPGA total score (r = 0.385, p < 0.001) and GPPGA pustulation subscore (r = 0.305, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Considerable heterogeneity in the presentation of GPP flares was observed, both between patients and within-patient. All GPP flares were associated with a significant clinical burden, highlighting the unmet need for accurate and early diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Wolf
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - R Ceovic
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - C Conrad
- Department of Dermatology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - K Falkensteiner
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - T Graier
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - M Kołt-Kamińska
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - M Marovt
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - V Mateeva
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - J-T Maul
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A A Navarini
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A C Nicolescu
- Emergency Clinical Hospital Agrippa Ionescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - G Ratzinger
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - L Pavlovsky
- Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - A Szegedi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - A Reich
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Şiklar Z. Management of endocrinological problems in children on home invasive mechanical ventilation. Pediatr Pulmonol 2024; 59:2163-2169. [PMID: 38088200 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Children with home invasive mechanical ventilation (HIMV) face numerous difficulties, including endocrine problems that can arise as a consequence of their condition. Endocrine problems seen in children treated with HIMV may develop due to the underlying disease, drugs used, or prolonged mechanical ventilation. METHOD This manuscript will review the most common endocrine problems encountered in children with HIMV, including problems in glucose metabolism, thyroid dysfunction, bone metabolism, adrenal dysfunctions, growth, and puberty. CONCLUSION Close monitoring, multidisciplinary care, and regular assessments are essential to optimize the endocrine system functions of children requiring home mechanical ventilation. By understanding these complications, it can develop effective management strategies to optimize the health and well-being of these vulnerable individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Şiklar
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Everaert K, Holm-Larsen T, Bou Kheir G, Rottey S, Weiss JP, Vande Walle J, Kabarriti AE, Dossche L, Hervé F, Spinoit AF, Nørgaard JP, Juul KV. Potential clinical applications of current and future oral forms of desmopressin (Review). Exp Ther Med 2024; 28:303. [PMID: 38873038 PMCID: PMC11170333 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Desmopressin is a synthetic analogue of vasopressin and a selective vasopressin receptor 2 agonist. It was first synthesised in 1967 and utilised for its antidiuretic properties. It is also used in bleeding disorders to enhance clotting. Other potential uses of the drug have been reported. The present review aims to provide a broad overview of the literature on potential further uses of oral forms of desmopressin. Key therapeutic areas of interest were identified based on known physiological activities/targets of desmopressin or reports of an effect of desmopressin in the literature. The feasibility of adequate dosing with oral forms of the drug was also considered. Systematic literature searches were carried out using the silvi.ai software for the identified areas, and summaries of available papers were included in tables and discussed. The results of the searches showed that desmopressin has been investigated for its efficacy in a number of areas, including bleeding control, renal colic, the central nervous system and oncology. Evidence suggests that oral desmopressin may have the potential to be of clinical benefit for renal colic and bleeding control in particular. However, further research is needed to clarify its effect in these areas, including randomised controlled studies and studies specifically of oral formulations (and doses). Further research may also yield findings for cancer, cognition and overactive bladder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karel Everaert
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tove Holm-Larsen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - George Bou Kheir
- Department of Urology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Rottey
- Drug Research Unit and Department of Medical Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jeffrey P. Weiss
- Department of Urology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, New York City, NY 11203, USA
| | - Johan Vande Walle
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Abdo E. Kabarriti
- Department of Urology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, New York City, NY 11203, USA
| | - Lien Dossche
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - François Hervé
- Department of Urology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anne-Françoise Spinoit
- Department of Pediatric & Reconstructive Urology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jens Peter Nørgaard
- Research & Development, Ferring Pharmaceuticals A/S, Ferring International PharmaScience Center, 2770 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristian Vinter Juul
- Research & Development, Ferring Pharmaceuticals A/S, Ferring International PharmaScience Center, 2770 Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Roy A, Paul I, Paul T, Hazarika K, Dihidar A, Ray S. An in-silico receptor-pharmacophore based multistep molecular docking and simulation study to evaluate the inhibitory potentials against NS1 of DENV-2. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:6136-6164. [PMID: 37517062 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2239925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
DENV-2 strain is the most fatal and infectious of the five dengue virus serotypes. The non-structural protein NS1 encoded by its genome is the most significant protein required for viral pathogenesis and replication inside the host body. Thus, targeting the NS1 protein and designing an inhibitor to limit its stability and secretion is a propitious attempt in our fight against dengue. Four novel inhibitors are designed to target the conserved cysteine residues (C55, C313, C316, and C329) and glycosylation sites (N130 and N207) of the NS1 protein in an attempt to halt the spread of the dengue infection in the host body altogether. Numerous computer-aided drug designing techniques including molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, virtual screening, principal component analysis, and dynamic cross-correlation matrix were employed to determine the structural and functional activity of the NS1-inhibitor complexes. From our analysis, it was evident that the extent of structural and atomic level fluctuations of the ligand-bound protein exhibited a declining trend in contrast to unbound protein which was prominently noticeable through the RMSD, RMSF, Rg, and SASA graphs. The ADMET analysis of the four ligands revealed a promising pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic profile, along with good bioavailability and toxicity properties. The proposed drugs when bound to the targeted cavities resulted in stable conformations in comparison to their unbound state, implying they have good affinity promising effective drug action. Thus, they can be tested in vitro and used as potential anti-dengue drugs.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alankar Roy
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, India
| | - Ishani Paul
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, India
| | - Tanwi Paul
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Aritrika Dihidar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, India
| | - Sujay Ray
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, India
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Guy RH. Drug delivery to and through the skin. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:2032-2040. [PMID: 38837116 PMCID: PMC11208237 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01614-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Drug delivery technology has advanced significantly over >50 years, and has produced remarkable innovation, countless publications and conferences, and generations of talented and creative scientists. However, a critical review of the current state-of-the-art reveals that the translation of clever and sophisticated drug delivery technologies into products, which satisfy important, unmet medical needs and have been approved by the regulatory agencies, has - given the investment made in terms of time and money - been relatively limited. Here, this point of view is illustrated using a case study of technology for drug delivery into and through the skin and aims: to examine the historical development of this field and the current state-of-the-art; to understand why the translation of drug delivery technologies into products that improve clinical outcomes has been quite slow and inefficient; and to suggest how the impact of technology may be increased and the process of concept to approved product accelerated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard H Guy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, U.K..
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Zhang T, Lin L, Ren L, Sun H, Wang W, Liu S, Li S, Xiao C, Gao N, Zhao J. Structure and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of the anticoagulant tetradecasaccharide oHG-14 as an intrinsic tenase inhibitor. Thromb Res 2024; 240:109041. [PMID: 38824798 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.109041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The intrinsic tenase complex (iXase) is an attractive antithrombotic target to treat or prevent pathological thrombosis with negligible bleeding risk. Fucosylated glycosaminoglycan (FG) is a promising anticoagulant by inhibiting iXase. A depolymerized FG (dHG-5) as an anticoagulant has been approved for clinical trials. Given that dHG-5 is a multi-component drug candidate consisting of a homologous series of oligosaccharides, it is difficult to predict a clear pharmacokinetics. Here, as a major oligosaccharide component, the tetradecasaccharide (oHG-14) was purified from dHG-5 and its structure was defined as L-Fuc3S4S-α(1,3)-L-Δ4,5GlcA-α(1,3)-{D-GalNAc4S6S-β(1,4)-[L-Fuc3S4S-α(1,]3)-D-GlcA-β(1,3)-}3-D-GalNAc4S6S-β(1,4)-[L-Fuc3S4S-α(1,]3)-D-GlcA-ol. oHG-14 showed potent iXase inhibitory activity in vitro and antithrombotic effect in vivo comparable to dHG-5. After single subcutaneous administration of oHG-14 at 8, 14.4 and 32.4 mg/kg to rats, the absolute bioavailability was 71.6 %-80.9 % determined by the validated bioanalytical methods. The maximum concentration (Cmax) was 3.73, 8.07, and 11.95 μg/mL, respectively, and the time reaching Cmax (Tmax) was about 1 h. oHG-14 was mainly excreted by kidney as the parent compound with the elimination kinetics of first-order linear model. Anticoagulant activity of oHG-14 was positively correlated with its concentration in rat plasma. The pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of oHG-14 is similar to that of dHG-5. This study could provide supportive data for the clinical trial of dHG-5 and further development of pure oligosaccharide as an antithrombotic drug candidate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taocui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Lisha Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Lin Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huifang Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Weili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Shanni Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Chuang Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Na Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Jinhua Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Yin W, Mitra P, Copalu V, Marbury TC, Rondon JC, Lawitz EJ, Lloyd V, Baratta M, Asgharnejad M, Hui T, Khan Y. Phase 1 pharmacokinetic and safety study of soticlestat in participants with mild or moderate hepatic impairment or normal hepatic function. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2024; 12:e1213. [PMID: 38993008 PMCID: PMC11239955 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This phase 1, open-label, three-arm study (NCT05098054) compared the pharmacokinetics and safety of soticlestat (TAK-935) in participants with hepatic impairment. Participants aged ≥18 to <75 years had moderate (Child-Pugh B) or mild (Child-Pugh A) hepatic impairment or normal hepatic function (matched to hepatic-impaired participants by sex, age, and body mass index). Soticlestat was administered as a single oral 300 mg dose. Pharmacokinetic parameters of soticlestat and its metabolites TAK-935-G (M3) and M-I were assessed and compared by group. The incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and other safety parameters were also monitored. The pharmacokinetic analyses comprised 35 participants. Participants with moderate hepatic impairment had lower proportions of bound and higher proportions of unbound soticlestat than participants with mild hepatic impairment and normal hepatic function. Total plasma soticlestat pharmacokinetic parameters (maximum observed concentration [Cmax], area under the concentration-time curve from time 0 to time of last quantifiable concentration [AUClast], and AUC from time 0 to infinity [AUC∞]) were approximately 115%, 216%, and 199% higher with moderate and approximately 45%, 35%, and 30% higher with mild hepatic impairment, respectively, than healthy matched participants. Moderate hepatic impairment decreased the liver's ability to metabolize soticlestat to M-I; glucuronidation to M3 was also affected. Mild hepatic impairment resulted in a lower total plasma M-I exposure, but glucuronidation was unaffected. TEAEs were similar across study arms, mild, and no new safety findings were observed. A soticlestat dose reduction is required for individuals with moderate but not mild hepatic impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yin
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc.CambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Pranab Mitra
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc.CambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Veronique Copalu
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc.CambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | | | | | - Eric J. Lawitz
- The Texas Liver InstituteUniversity of Texas Health San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Valerie Lloyd
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc.CambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Mike Baratta
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc.CambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Tom Hui
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc.CambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Yasir Khan
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc.CambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Komenkul V, Sukarnjanaset W, Komolmit P, Wattanavijitkul T. External validation of population pharmacokinetic models of tacrolimus in Thai adult liver transplant recipients. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 80:1229-1240. [PMID: 38695888 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-024-03692-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several population pharmacokinetic models of tacrolimus in liver transplant patients were built, and their predictability was evaluated in their settings. However, the extrapolation in the prediction was unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive performance of published tacrolimus models in adult liver transplant recipients using data from the Thai population as an external dataset. METHODS The selected published models were systematically searched and evaluated for their quality. The external dataset of patients who underwent the first liver transplant and received immediate-release tacrolimus was used to assess the predictive performance of each selected model. Trough concentrations between 3 and 6 months were retrospectively collected to evaluate the predictability of each model using prediction-based diagnostics, simulation-based diagnostics, and Bayesian forecasting. RESULTS Sixty-seven patients with 360 trough concentrations and eight selected published models were included in this study. None of the models met the predictive precision criteria in prediction-based diagnostics. Meanwhile, four published population pharmacokinetic models showed a normal distribution in NPDE testing. Regarding Bayesian forecasting, all models improved their forecasts with at least one prior information data point. CONCLUSION Bayesian forecasting is more accurate and precise than other testing methods for predicting drug concentrations. However, none of the evaluated models provides satisfactory predictive performance for generalization to Thai liver transplant patients. This underscores the need for future research to develop population PK models tailored to the Thai population. Such efforts should consider the inclusion of nonlinear pharmacokinetics and region-specific factors, including genetic variability, to improve model accuracy and applicability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virunya Komenkul
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Waroonrat Sukarnjanaset
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Piyawat Komolmit
- Division of Gastro-enterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Liver Diseases, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thitima Wattanavijitkul
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Amedeo V, Seabury R, Meola G, Barbay E, Feldman E. Effect of etomidate on systolic blood pressure in emergency department patients undergoing rapid sequence intubation with high and low shock index. Eur J Emerg Med 2024; 31:294-296. [PMID: 38934075 DOI: 10.1097/mej.0000000000001144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Amedeo
- Department of Pharmacy, Upstate University Hospital, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
123
|
Li C, Ma R, Wu X, Wang D, Chen L, Huang Z, Ji D, Wen W, Wu Y. Identifying the pathophysiological traits of obstructive sleep apnea during dexmedetomidine sedation. J Sleep Res 2024; 33:e14079. [PMID: 37876325 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has been described as a safe sedative in clinical practice, but its effects on the pathophysiological traits of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are unclear. We estimated the effects of DEX sedation on the four key pathophysiological traits of OSA (pharyngeal collapsibility, dilator muscle function, arousal threshold, and loop gain) in adult patients with OSA by conducting a secondary analysis of a prospective diagnostic trial. Pathophysiological traits estimated from polysomnography and the respiratory parameters under natural sleep and DEX-induced sleep were compared. Bivariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to estimate the relationship between pathophysiological traits and OSA severity for both sleep states. Adult patients with OSA had a significantly higher pharyngeal collapsibility (Vpassive: 44.9 [15.7 to 53.8] vs. 53.3 [34.2 to 66.3] %eupnea, p < 0.001), arousal threshold (178.5 [132.5 to 234.6] vs. 140.5 [123.2 to 192.3] %eupnea, p < 0.001), and loop gain (LG1: 0.74 ± 0.25 vs. 0.60 ± 0.17, p < 0.001; LGn: 0.52 ± 0.12 vs. 0.44 ± 0.08, p < 0.001) during DEX-induced sleep compared with natural sleep. There was no significant difference in dilator muscle function or PSG respiratory parameters between natural versus DEX-induced sleep states. Bivariate regression analysis showed varying degrees of correlation between OSA traits and severity. Multiple regression analysis indicated that collapsibility was the strongest predictor of the apnea-hypopnea index for both sleep states. Dexmedetomidine sedation in patients with OSA increased the pharyngeal collapsibility without impairing dilator muscle function, while elevating arousal threshold and increasing loop gain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunbo Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renqiang Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingmei Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixuan Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ding Ji
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiping Wen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
El Yaagoubi OM, Ezzemani W, Oularbi L, Samaki H, Aboudkhil S. In silico identification of 20S proteasome-β5 subunit inhibitors using structure-based virtual screening. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:6165-6173. [PMID: 37403265 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2232041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors have effective anti-tumor activity in cell culture and can induce apoptosis by interfering with the degradation of cell cycle proteins. 20S Proteasome is acknowledged to be a satisfactory target that has persistent properties against the human immune defense and is obligatory for the degradation of some vital proteins. This study aimed to identify potential inhibitors against 20S proteasome, specifically the β5 subunit, using structure-based virtual screening and molecular docking to reduce the number of ligands that should be eligible for experimental assays. A total of 4961 molecules with anticancer activity were screened from the ASINEX database. The filtered compounds that showed higher docking affinity were then used in more sophisticated molecular docking simulations with AutoDock Vina for validation. Finally, six drug molecules (BDE 28974746, BDE 25657353, BDE 29746159, BDD 27844484, BDE 29746109, and BDE 29746162) exhibited highly significant interactions compared to the positive controls were retained. Among these six molecules, three molecules (BDE 28974746, BDE 25657353, and BDD 27844484) showed high binding affinity and binding energy compared with Carfilzomib and Bortezomib. Molecular simulation and dynamics studies of the top three drug molecules in each case allowed us to draw further conclusions about their stability with the β5 subunit. Computed absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity studies on these derivatives showed encouraging results with very low toxicity, distribution, and absorption. These compounds may serve as potential hits for further biological evaluation in the development of new proteasome inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ouadie Mohamed El Yaagoubi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Environment and Agri-Food (URAC 36), Faculty of Sciences and Techniques-Mohammedia, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Wahiba Ezzemani
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Santé (URAC34), Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences Ben Msik, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Larbi Oularbi
- Laboratory of Materials Membranes and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques-Mohammedia, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco
- Supramolecular Nanomaterials Group (SNG), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660, HayMoulayRachid, BenGuerir, Morocco
| | - Hamid Samaki
- National Institute of Social Action (INAS), Tangier, Morocco
| | - Souad Aboudkhil
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Environment and Agri-Food (URAC 36), Faculty of Sciences and Techniques-Mohammedia, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Janssen HLA, Lim YS, Lampertico P, Heo J, Chen CY, Fournier C, Tsang TYO, Bae H, Chen CH, Coffin CS, Ahn SH, Trinh H, Flaherty JF, Abramov F, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Lau A, German P, Chuang WL, Agarwal K, Gane E. Switching to tenofovir alafenamide in patients with virologically suppressed chronic hepatitis B and renal or hepatic impairment: final week 96 results from an open-label, multicentre, phase 2 study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 9:718-733. [PMID: 38901444 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(24)00096-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phase 3 studies in patients with chronic hepatitis B have shown tenofovir alafenamide to have non-inferior efficacy to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, with improved renal and bone safety. We conducted this study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of switching to tenofovir alafenamide in participants with chronic hepatitis B and renal or hepatic impairment. METHODS This open-label, multicentre, phase 2 study was done in eight countries or territories at 30 sites. We recruited adults (≥18 years) with chronic hepatitis B who were virally suppressed on nucleoside or nucleotide analogues and had renal impairment (part A: moderate or severe in cohort 1 [estimated glomerular filtration rate by the Cockcroft-Gault formula (eGFRCG) 15-59 mL/min] or end-stage renal disease [eGFRCG <15 mL/min] on haemodialysis in cohort 2) or hepatic impairment including decompensation (part B: Child-Turcotte-Pugh score 7-12). Participants switched to 25 mg of tenofovir alafenamide given orally once daily for 96 weeks. The primary endpoint was the proportion of participants with viral suppression (HBV DNA <20 IU/mL) at week 24 by missing-equals-failure analysis. Efficacy (full analysis set) and safety (safety analysis set) analyses included all enrolled participants who received at least one dose of the study drug. Week 96 safety was assessed, including renal and bone parameters. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03180619, and is completed. FINDINGS 124 participants (93 in part A [78 in cohort 1 and 15 in cohort 2] and 31 in part B) were enrolled between Aug 11, 2017, and Oct 17, 2018, and included in the full and safety analysis sets. 106 (85%) participants completed the study. There were 69 (74%) men and 24 (26%) women in part A and 21 (68%) men and ten (32%) women in part B. At week 24, 91 (97·8%, 95% CI 92·4 to 99·7) of 93 individuals in part A (76 [97·4%, 91·0 to 99·7] of 78 in cohort 1 and 15 [100·0%, 78·2 to 100·0] of 15 in cohort 2) and 31 (100·0%, 88·8 to 100·0) in part B had HBV DNA of less than 20 IU/mL. By week 96, the most common adverse event was upper respiratory tract infection, which occurred in 14 (15%) participants in part A and in six (19%) participants in part B. Serious adverse events occurred in 20 (22%) part A participants and in ten (32%) part B participants; none were related to treatment. No treatment-related deaths occurred. At week 96, median change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (Cockcroft-Gault method) was 1·0 mL/min (IQR -2·8 to 4·5) in cohort 1 and -2·4 mL/min (-11·4 to 10·7) in part B. Mean changes in spine and hip bone mineral density were 1·02% (SD 4·44) and 0·20% (3·25) in part A and -0·25% (3·91) and 0·28% (3·25) in part B. INTERPRETATION Tenofovir alafenamide might offer continued antiviral efficacy and a favourable safety profile for patients with renal or hepatic impairment and chronic hepatitis B switching from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate or other antivirals. FUNDING Gilead Sciences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harry L A Janssen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Young-Suk Lim
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Pietro Lampertico
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; CRC "A. M. and A. Migliavacca" Center for Liver Disease, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Jeong Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Pusan National University and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Chi-Yi Chen
- Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan
| | | | - Tak Yin Owen Tsang
- Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Ho Bae
- Asian Pacific Liver Center, St Vincent Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chien-Hung Chen
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | | | - Sang Hoon Ahn
- Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Huy Trinh
- San Jose Gastroenterology, San Jose, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Yang Zhao
- Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | - Polina German
- Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA; Cytokinetics, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wan-Long Chuang
- Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Edward Gane
- Auckland Clinical Studies, Grafton, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Wolken JK, Cao W, Cui M, Jin Z. Therapeutic drug monitoring of mycophenolic acid and azole antifungals on two distinct LC-MS/MS instruments. J Mass Spectrom Adv Clin Lab 2024; 33:7-13. [PMID: 38974659 PMCID: PMC11225655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmsacl.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background As an active metabolite of a commonly prescribed immunosuppressant, mycophenolic acid (MPA) levels are often monitored to prevent organ rejection following a transplant. Triazoles are often prescribed for treatment of invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised patients. Due to the variability in individual pharmacokinetics and drug-drug interactions, therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended for triazole antifungals. A multiplex LC-MS/MS assay has been developed that can quantify both MPA and triazole drugs in serum. Methods A sample preparation procedure was established to spike in internal standard compounds and precipitate proteins. Reversed-phase chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column with an analysis time of five minutes per sample. The mass spectrometer was operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The method was validated on two HPLC systems interfaced with either a Triple Quad 6500 or an API 4000 instrument. Results The multiplex assay was linear over a wide dynamic range with analyte measurable ranges of 0.4-48 μg/mL for MPA, 0.1-12 μg/mL for posaconazole, and 0.2-24 μg/mL for voriconazole, itraconazole, hydroxyitraconazole, and isavuconazole. The between-day and intraday imprecisions were less than 10 %. Limits of detection were below 0.04 ug/mL with limits of quantitation below 0.2 μg/mL. Method comparison studies against the current in-house method met acceptance criteria. The instrument comparison study demonstrated a strong correlation between data collected from the two systems. Conclusion A robust multiplex LC-MS/MS assay was developed and validated for monitoring MPA and triazoles drug levels in a clinical laboratory. The assay performance on two distinct instruments was acceptable and comparable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jill K. Wolken
- University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Wenjing Cao
- University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, WI, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Min Cui
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, United States of America
| | - Zhicheng Jin
- University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, WI, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Parant F, Delignette MC, Charpiat B, Lacaille L, Lebosse F, Monneret G, Mohkam K, Mabrut JY, Aubrun F, Heyer L, Antonini T. Tacrolimus Monitoring in Liver Transplant Recipients, Posttransplant Cholestasis: A Comparative Between 2 Commercial Immunoassays and a Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method. Ther Drug Monit 2024; 46:446-455. [PMID: 38648663 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000001201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholestasis commonly occurs after orthotopic liver transplantation. It can be extrahepatic because of mechanical obstruction or intrahepatic because of various causes. During cholestasis episodes, blood concentrations of tacrolimus (TAC) metabolites may increase, potentially affecting TAC concentrations measured by immunoassays. This study aimed to simultaneously evaluate the analytical performance of 2 TAC immunoassays, a quantitative microsphere system (QMS) immunoassay, and chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay, using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) as a reference method in liver transplant recipients. METHODS This single-center study included 265 patients who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation. In total, 942 blood samples were collected. TAC trough concentrations were measured using LC-MS/MS and 2 immunoassays in parallel. The plasma concentrations of conjugated bilirubin were measured in all samples. The results were analyzed using Bland-Altman plots and Passing-Bablok regressions. RESULTS The Bland-Altman plot analysis showed that the TAC QMS immunoassay has a significant bias (+37%) compared with LC-MS/MS, and this bias was higher in patients with cholestasis with hyperbilirubinemia (≤+70% in patients with conjugated bilirubin >150 µmol/L). In comparison, the chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay showed acceptable analytical performance in patients with hyperbilirubinemia (bias <10%). CONCLUSIONS In agreement with previous findings, the TAC QMS immunoassay showed a positive bias compared with LC-MS/MS. This bias is remarkably high in patients with cholestasis and hyperbilirubinemia, suggesting the cross-reactivity of TAC metabolites with the monoclonal antibody used in the QMS immunoassay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François Parant
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Multi-Sites (LBMMS), Hôpital Lyon-Sud-Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | | | - Bruno Charpiat
- Service Pharmaceutique, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse-Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Louis Lacaille
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Multi-Sites (LBMMS), Hôpital de la Croix Rousse-Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Fanny Lebosse
- Service d'Hépatologie, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse-Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Guillaume Monneret
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hôpital Édouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Kayvan Mohkam
- Service de Chirurgie Générale, Digestive et Transplantations Hépatiques et Intestinales, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse-Hospices Civils de Lyon, France; and
| | - Jean-Yves Mabrut
- Service de Chirurgie Générale, Digestive et Transplantations Hépatiques et Intestinales, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse-Hospices Civils de Lyon, France; and
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, Lyon, France
| | - Frederic Aubrun
- Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse-Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Heyer
- Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse-Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Teresa Antonini
- Service d'Hépatologie, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse-Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Soares ME, Costa G, Guerra L, Morais MC, Vaz N, Codes L, Bittencourt PL. Influence of Tacrolimus Intrapatient Variability on Allograft Rejection Frequency and Survival Following Liver Transplantation. Ther Drug Monit 2024; 46:456-459. [PMID: 38648652 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000001192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tacrolimus is the primary calcineurin inhibitor used in immunosuppressive regimens to prevent allograft rejection (AR) after organ transplantation. Recent studies have linked intrapatient variability (IPV) of tacrolimus with AR occurrence and reduced survival, especially in kidney transplant recipients. However, limited data are available on the impact of tacrolimus IPV on adverse outcomes after liver transplantation (LT). AIMS The aim of this study was to assess the association between tacrolimus IPV using various methodologies with acute AR and long-term patient survival after LT. METHODS All patients who underwent LT from January 2010 to July 2021 were retrospectively evaluated. Tacrolimus IPV was calculated for each patient using the mean and SD, mean absolute deviation (MAD), coefficient of variation (CV), and time in therapeutic range (TTR). These measures were then compared with AR within the first 24 months after LT and to long-term survival. RESULTS Out of 234 patients, 32 (13.7%) developed AR and 183 (78.2%) survived, with a mean follow-up of 101 ± 43 months. Tacrolimus IPV, assessed by mean, SD, MAD, and CV, was 8.3 ± 2.1, 2.7 ± 1.3, 32.0% ± 11.7%, and 39.4% ± 15.4%, respectively. There was no statistically significant correlation between Tacrolimus IPV and AR or survival post-LT. CONCLUSIONS In a large cohort of patients from diverse racial backgrounds, tacrolimus IPV was not associated with clinically relevant outcomes such as AR and survival after LT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriela Costa
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil ; and
| | - Laura Guerra
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil ; and
| | - Maria Clara Morais
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil ; and
| | - Nayana Vaz
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Portuguese Hospital, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Liana Codes
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil ; and
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Portuguese Hospital, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Paulo Lisboa Bittencourt
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil ; and
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Portuguese Hospital, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Kirubakaran R, Singh RM, Carland JE, Day RO, Stocker SL. Evaluation of Published Population Pharmacokinetic Models to Inform Tacrolimus Therapy in Adult Lung Transplant Recipients. Ther Drug Monit 2024; 46:434-445. [PMID: 38723160 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000001210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The applicability of currently available tacrolimus population pharmacokinetic models in guiding dosing for lung transplant recipients is unclear. In this study, the predictive performance of relevant tacrolimus population pharmacokinetic models was evaluated for adult lung transplant recipients. METHODS Data from 43 lung transplant recipients (1021 tacrolimus concentrations) administered an immediate-release oral formulation of tacrolimus were used to evaluate the predictive performance of 17 published population pharmacokinetic models for tacrolimus. Data were collected from immediately after transplantation up to 90 days after transplantation. Model performance was evaluated using (1) prediction-based assessments (bias and imprecision) of individual predicted tacrolimus concentrations at the fourth dosing based on 1 to 3 previous dosings and (2) simulation-based assessment (prediction-corrected visual predictive check; pcVPC). Both assessments were stratified based on concomitant azole antifungal use. Model performance was clinically acceptable if the bias was within ±20%, imprecision was ≤20%, and the 95% confidence interval of bias crossed zero. RESULTS In the presence of concomitant antifungal therapy, no model showed acceptable performance in predicting tacrolimus concentrations at the fourth dosing (n = 33), and pcVPC plots displayed poor model fit to the data set. However, this fit slightly improved in the absence of azole antifungal use, where 4 models showed acceptable performance in predicting tacrolimus concentrations at the fourth dosing (n = 33). CONCLUSIONS Although none of the evaluated models were appropriate in guiding tacrolimus dosing in lung transplant recipients receiving concomitant azole antifungal therapy, 4 of these models displayed potential applicability in guiding dosing in recipients not receiving concomitant azole antifungal therapy. However, further model refinement is required before the widespread implementation of such models in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranita Kirubakaran
- School of Clinical Medicine, St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Pharmacy, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rani M Singh
- School of Clinical Medicine, St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jane E Carland
- School of Clinical Medicine, St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard O Day
- School of Clinical Medicine, St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sophie L Stocker
- School of Clinical Medicine, St. Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia ; and
- Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Liou JY, Wang HY, Yao YC, Chou PH, Sung CS, Teng WN, Su FW, Tsou MY, Ting CK, Lo CL. Erector spinae plane block level does not impact analgesic efficacy in enhanced recovery for lumbar spine surgery. Spine J 2024; 24:1416-1423. [PMID: 38615931 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Postoperative pain control following spine surgery can be difficult. The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs use multimodal approaches to manage postoperative pain. While an erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is commonly utilized, the ideal distance for injection from the incision, referred to as the ES (ESPB to mid-surgical level) distance, remains undetermined. PURPOSE We evaluated the impact of varying ES distances for ESPB on Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) measures of postoperative pain within the ERAS protocol. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING Retrospective observational study. PATIENT SAMPLE Adult patients who underwent elective lumbar spine fusion surgery. OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome measures include the comparative postoperative NRS scores across groups at immediate (T1), 24 (T2), 48 (T3), and 72 (T4) hours postsurgery. For secondary outcomes, a propensity matching analysis compared these outcomes between the ERAS and non-ERAS groups, with opioid-related recovery metrics also assessed. METHODS All included patients were assigned to one of three ERAS groups according to the ES distance: Group 1 (G1, ES > 3 segments), Group 2 (G2, ES = 2-3 segments), and Group 3 (G3, ES<2 segments). Each patient underwent a bilateral ultrasound-guided ESPB with 60 mL of diluted ropivacaine or bupivacaine. RESULTS Patients within the ERAS cohort reported mild pain (NRS < 3), with no significant NRS variation across G1 to G3 at any time. Sixty-five patients were matched across ERAS and non-ERAS groups. The ERAS group exhibited significantly lower NRS scores from T1 to T3 than the non-ERAS group. Total morphine consumption during hospitalization was 26.7 mg for ERAS and 41.5 mg for non-ERAS patients. The ERAS group resumed water and food intake sooner and had less postoperative nausea and vomiting. CONCLUSIONS ESPBs can be effectively administered at or near the mid-surgical level to the low thoracic region for lumbar spine surgeries. Given challenges with sonovisualization, a lumbar ESPB may be preferred to minimize the risk of inadvertent pleural injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yang Liou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei City 11217, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei City 112, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei City 112304, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei City 112, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei City 112304, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Yao
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei City 112304, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei City 11217, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsin Chou
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei City 112304, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei City 11217, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Sung Sung
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei City 11217, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei City 112304, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Nung Teng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei City 11217, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei City 112, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei City 112304, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Wei Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei City 11217, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei City 112, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei City 112304, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yung Tsou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei City 11217, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei City 112304, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Kun Ting
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No.201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei City 11217, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei City 112, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei City 112304, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Lo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei City 112, Taiwan; Medical Device Innovation and Translation Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei City 112304, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
DiNicola ES, Martinez AV, Walker L, Wu Y, Burnikel BG, Mercuri J. Cigarette smoke extract exacerbates progression of osteoarthritic-like changes in cartilage explant cultures. J Orthop Res 2024; 42:1682-1695. [PMID: 38460961 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Established risk factors for osteoarthritis (OA) include obesity, joint injury, age, race, and genetics. However, the relationship between cigarette smoking and OA has yet to be established. In the present study, we have employed the use of cigarette smoke extract (CSE), the water-soluble vapor phase of cigarette smoke, with porcine cartilage explants to investigate the effects of cigarette smoking on cartilage catabolism at the tissue level. Articular cartilage explants were first exposed to 2.5%, 5%, and 10% CSE to assess its effects on cartilage homeostasis. Following, the effects of CSE on OA-like inflammation was observed by culturing explants with a combined treatment of IL-1β and TNF-α and 10% CSE (CSE + OA). Cartilage explants were assessed for changes in viability, biochemical composition, extracellular matrix (ECM) integrity, and equilibrium mechanical properties (aggregate modulus and hydraulic permeability). CSE alone leads to both a time- and dose-dependent decrease in chondrocyte viability but does not significantly affect sGAG content, percent sGAG loss, or the ECM integrity of cartilage explants. When IL-1β and TNF-α were combined with 10% CSE, this led to a synergistic effect with more significant losses in viability, significantly more sGAG loss, and significantly higher production of ROS than OA-like inflammation only. Cartilage explant equilibrium mechanical properties were unaffected. Within the timeframe of this study, CSE alone does not cause OA but when combined with OA-like inflammation leads to worsened articular cartilage degeneration as measured by chondrocyte viability, sGAG loss, proteoglycan staining, and ROS production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Sawvell DiNicola
- Department of Bioengineering, The Laboratory of Orthopaedic Tissue Regeneration & Orthobiologics, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
- Frank H. Stelling and C. Dayton Riddle Orthopaedic Education and Research Laboratory, Clemson University Biomedical Engineering Innovation Campus, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Andrea Vera Martinez
- Department of Bioengineering, The Laboratory of Orthopaedic Tissue Regeneration & Orthobiologics, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
- Frank H. Stelling and C. Dayton Riddle Orthopaedic Education and Research Laboratory, Clemson University Biomedical Engineering Innovation Campus, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Lizzie Walker
- Orthopaedic Bioengineering Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Yongren Wu
- Orthopaedic Bioengineering Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Brian G Burnikel
- Prisma Health Steadman Hawkins Clinic of the Carolinas - Patewood, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jeremy Mercuri
- Department of Bioengineering, The Laboratory of Orthopaedic Tissue Regeneration & Orthobiologics, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
- Frank H. Stelling and C. Dayton Riddle Orthopaedic Education and Research Laboratory, Clemson University Biomedical Engineering Innovation Campus, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Yin J, Zhao M, Xu X, Zhang M, Xu Z, Li Z, Qin X, Li Z, Zhao C, Zhou H, Ma Y, Cao W, Wang G, Lin Y, Zhang J, Zhang X, Cai H, Qian W, Wang Y, Zhang X, Liu G, Wang J, Qiu W, Min L, Li J, Deng H, Chu L, Zhang Y, Fang J. A multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase 2 clinical study of telitacicept in adult patients with generalized myasthenia gravis. Eur J Neurol 2024; 31:e16322. [PMID: 38726639 DOI: 10.1111/ene.16322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of telitacicept in patients with generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) who tested positive for acetylcholine receptor antibodies or muscle-specific kinase antibodies and were receiving standard-of-care therapy. METHODS Patients meeting the eligibility criteria were randomly assigned to receive telitacicept subcutaneously once a week for 24 weeks in addition to standard-of-care treatment. The primary efficacy endpoint was the mean change in the quantitative myasthenia gravis (QMG) score from baseline to week 24. Secondary efficacy endpoints included mean change in QMG score from baseline to week 12 and gMG clinical absolute score from baseline to week 24. Additionally, safety, tolerability and pharmacodynamics were assessed. RESULTS Twenty-nine of the 41 patients screened were randomly selected and enrolled. The mean (± standard deviation [SD]) reduction in QMG score from baseline to week 24 was 7.7 (± 5.34) and 9.6 (± 4.29) in the 160 mg and 240 mg groups, respectively. At week 12, mean reductions in QMG scores for these two groups were 5.8 (± 5.85) and 9.5 (± 5.03), respectively, indicating rapid clinical improvement. Safety analysis revealed no adverse events leading to discontinuation or mortalities. All patients showed consistent reductions in serum immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG and IgM levels throughout the study. CONCLUSION Telitacicept demonstrated safety, good tolerability and reduced clinical severity throughout the study period. Further validation of the clinical efficacy of telitacicept in gMG will be conducted in an upcoming phase 3 clinical trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yin
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xianhao Xu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meini Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zucai Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zunbo Li
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Gaoxin Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinyue Qin
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhuyi Li
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University of PLA (formerly known as the Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Chongbo Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Wenfeng Cao
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Guoping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Yongzhong Lin
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jizhong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Cai
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Weidong Qian
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Yiqi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinghu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangzhi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianqiu Min
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Deng
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lan Chu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jianmin Fang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Ahlström S, Reiterä P, Jokela R, Olkkola KT, Kaunisto MA, Kalso E. Influence of Clinical and Genetic Factors on Propofol Dose Requirements: A Genome-wide Association Study. Anesthesiology 2024; 141:300-312. [PMID: 38700459 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000005036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propofol is a widely used intravenous hypnotic. Dosing is based mostly on weight, with great interindividual variation in consumption. Suggested factors affecting propofol requirements include age, sex, ethnicity, anxiety, alcohol consumption, smoking, and concomitant valproate use. Genetic factors have not been widely explored. METHODS This study considered 1,000 women undergoing breast cancer surgery under propofol and remifentanil anesthesia. Depth of anesthesia was monitored with State Entropy (GE Healthcare, Finland). Propofol requirements during surgery were recorded. DNA from blood was genotyped with a genome-wide array. A multivariable linear regression model was used to assess the relevance of clinical variables and select those to be used as covariates in a genome-wide association study. Imputed genotype data were used to explore selected loci further. In silico functional annotation was used to explore possible consequences of the discovered genetic variants. Additionally, previously reported genetic associations from candidate gene studies were tested. RESULTS Body mass index, smoking status, alcohol use, remifentanil dose (ln[mg · kg-1 · min-1]), and average State Entropy during surgery remained statistically significant in the multivariable model. Two loci reached genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10-8). The most significant associations were for single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs997989 (30 kb from ROBO3), likely affecting expression of another nearby gene, FEZ1, and rs9518419, close to NALCN (sodium leak channel); rs10512538 near KCNJ2 encoding the Kir2.1 potassium channel showed suggestive association (P = 4.7 × 10-7). None of these single-nucleotide polymorphisms are coding variants but possibly affect the regulation of nearby genes. None of the single-nucleotide polymorphisms previously reported as affecting propofol pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics showed association in the data. CONCLUSIONS In this first genome-wide association study exploring propofol requirements, This study discovered novel genetic associations suggesting new biologically relevant pathways for propofol and general anesthesia. The roles of the gene products of ROBO3/FEZ1, NALCN, and KCNJ2 in propofol anesthesia warrant further studies. EDITOR’S PERSPECTIVE
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sirkku Ahlström
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paula Reiterä
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ritva Jokela
- HUS Shared Group Services, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Klaus T Olkkola
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; INDIVIDRUG Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mari A Kaunisto
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eija Kalso
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland; SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Murakami T, Watanabe Y, Nakamura N, Natsumeda M, Ohno Y, Nakazawa G, Ikari Y, Kataoka A, Nishihata Y, Hayashida K, Yamamoto M, Tanaka J, Jujo K, Izumo M, Mizutani K, Kozuma K. Clinical efficacy of tolvaptan in acute decompensated heart failure patients with severe aortic stenosis and atrial fibrillation: a sub-analysis from the LOHAS registry. Heart Vessels 2024; 39:687-695. [PMID: 38710808 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-024-02397-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe aortic valve stenosis (AS) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are risk factors of hemodynamic instability in heart failure (HF) management due to low cardiac output, respectively. Therefore, the treatment of HF due to severe AS complicated with AF is anticipated to be difficult. Tolvaptan, a vasopressin V2 receptor inhibitor, is effective in controlling acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) with hemodynamic stability. However, its clinical efficacy against ADHF caused by AS with AF remains to be determined. METHODS Clinical information (from September 2014 to December 2017) of 59 patients diagnosed with ADHF due to severe AS (20 patients with AF; 39 patients with sinus rhythm [SR]) was obtained from the LOHAS registry. The registry collected data from seven hospitals and assessed the short-term effects of tolvaptan in patients hospitalized for ADHF with severe AS. We attempted to identify clinical differences from baseline up to 4 days, comparing patients with AF (AF group) versus those with SR (SR group). RESULTS There were no significant differences between the groups in age (83.7 ± 4.5 vs. 85.8 ± 6.9 years, respectively; p = 0.11) and aortic valve area (0.60 [0.46-0.73] vs. 0.56 [0.37-0.70] cm2, respectively; p = 0.50). However, left atrial volume was larger (104 [85-126] vs. 87 [64-103] mL, respectively; p < 0.01), whereas stroke volume was lower (51.6 ± 14.8 vs. 59.0 ± 18.7 mL, respectively; p = 0.08) in the AF group versus the SR group. Body weight decreased daily from baseline up to day 4 in both groups (from 55.4 to 53.2 kg [p < 0.01] and from 53.5 to 51.0 kg [p < 0.01], respectively) without change in heart rate. Notably, the systolic blood pressure decreased slightly in the AF group after 2 days of treatment with tolvaptan. CONCLUSIONS Short-term treatment with tolvaptan improved HF in patients hospitalized for severe AS, regardless of the presence of AF or SR. After achieving sufficient diuresis, a slight decrease in blood pressure was observed in the AF group, suggesting an appropriate timeframe for safe and effective use of tolvaptan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yohei Ohno
- Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Gaku Nakazawa
- Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
- Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuji Ikari
- Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Jun Tanaka
- Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Masaki Izumo
- St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuki Mizutani
- Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Osaka City University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken Kozuma
- Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Pilkerton CS, Adelman M, Crocetti E, Xiang J, Strick V, Ponte CD, Peckens S, Jackson BP, Whipp K, Ashcraft AM. Direct Oral Anticoagulants: Probability of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism and Bleeding Risk in an Obese Population. Ann Pharmacother 2024; 58:781-789. [PMID: 37994550 DOI: 10.1177/10600280231212186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have become the preferred drugs for managing venous thromboembolism (VTE). Despite their advantages over vitamin K antagonists such as warfarin, their use in obese patients remains controversial with many providers reluctant to switch patients managed on warfarin. Outcome research that opts to increase provider confidence when prescribing DOACs for patients with obesity will be invaluable. OBJECTIVE This investigation evaluated whether patients with a body mass index (BMI) 35 kg/m2 or greater who were prescribed a DOAC had a higher risk for a recurrent VTE or bleed event relative to warfarin. METHODS The study was conducted in West Virginia which has the highest rate of obesity in the United States. RESULTS Of the total study population (1633), 2.3% (37) had a recurrent thrombotic event, 5.5% (89) had a major bleed event, and 10.7% (174) had some type of bleeding event. No individual patient characteristic was associated with recurrent thrombosis-including BMI. Older age, antiplatelet use, and taking a medication with a theoretical risk of increasing the effect of DOACs were associated with any and major bleeding events. The use of warfarin was associated with major bleeding events more frequently versus a DOAC. Body mass index was not a predictor for recurrent VTE or any bleed or major bleed events. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the conclusion that DOACs are an appropriate and effective drug class for the management of VTE in patients with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jun Xiang
- Department of Family Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | - Charles D Ponte
- Department of Family Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Shaylee Peckens
- Department of Family Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | - Kylen Whipp
- Pleasant Valley Hospital, Point Pleasant, WV, USA
| | - Amie M Ashcraft
- Department of Family Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Geng G, Wang L, Xu Y, Wang T, Ma W, Duan H, Zhang J, Mao A. MGDDI: A multi-scale graph neural networks for drug-drug interaction prediction. Methods 2024; 228:22-29. [PMID: 38754712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug-drug interaction (DDI) prediction is crucial for identifying interactions within drug combinations, especially adverse effects due to physicochemical incompatibility. While current methods have made strides in predicting adverse drug interactions, limitations persist. Most methods rely on handcrafted features, restricting their applicability. They predominantly extract information from individual drugs, neglecting the importance of interaction details between drug pairs. To address these issues, we propose MGDDI, a graph neural network-based model for predicting potential adverse drug interactions. Notably, we use a multiscale graph neural network (MGNN) to learn drug molecule representations, addressing substructure size variations and preventing gradient issues. For capturing interaction details between drug pairs, we integrate a substructure interaction learning module based on attention mechanisms. Our experimental results demonstrate MGDDI's superiority in predicting adverse drug interactions, offering a solution to current methodological limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Geng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lizhuang Wang
- Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yanwei Xu
- Beidahuang Group Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Jiamusi, China; Department of Stomatology and Dental Hygiene, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianshuo Wang
- School of Software, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Stomatology and Dental Hygiene, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongliang Duan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao 999078, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Department of Stomatology and Dental Hygiene, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Anqiong Mao
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Department of Anesthesiology, Luzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Luke MC. Locally acting dermatology drug products: Pharmaco-analytic considerations for bioequivalence. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 199:106815. [PMID: 38797441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Bioequivalence determinations for locally acting dermatology drug products rely on assessing product sameness thru physicochemical composition and structure comparison, comparing the concentration of the active ingredient at the putative site of action, or comparing the clinical performance of the test (would-be generic) and reference products. Topical product action on cutaneous disease may be confounded by the action of excipients and are also subject to the inherent variability of how product may interact with the skin, including thermodynamic factors such as evaporation, spreadability, and interaction with the local environment such as heat and light and skin moisture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markham C Luke
- Division of Therapeutic Performance, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Xu P, Wong RSM, Yan X. Early erythroferrone levels can predict the long-term haemoglobin responses to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:2833-2850. [PMID: 38653449 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Our previous study reported that erythroferrone (ERFE), a newly identified hormone produced by erythroblasts, responded to recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) sensitively but its dynamics was complicated by double peaks and circadian rhythm. This study intends to elucidate the underlying mechanisms for the double peaks of ERFE dynamics and further determine whether early ERFE measurements can predict haemoglobin responses to rHuEPO. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH By using the purified recombinant rat ERFE protein and investigating its deposition in rats, the production of ERFE was deconvoluted. To explore the role of iron in ERFE production, we monitored short-term changes of iron status after injection of rHuEPO or deferiprone. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modelling was used to confirm the mechanisms and examine the predictive ability of ERFE for long-term haemoglobin responses. KEY RESULTS The rRatERFE protein was successfully purified. The production of ERFE was deconvoluted and showed two independent peaks (2 and 8 h). Transient iron decrease was observed at 4 h after rHuEPO injection and deferiprone induced significant increases of ERFE. Based on this mechanism, the PK/PD model could characterize the complex dynamics of ERFE. In addition, the model predictions further revealed a stronger correlation between ERFE and haemoglobin peak values than that for observed values. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The complex dynamics of ERFE should be composited by an immediate release and transient iron deficiency-mediated secondary production of ERFE. The early peak values of ERFE, which occur within a few hours, can predict haemoglobin responses several weeks after ESA treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- School of Pharmacy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Raymond S M Wong
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yan
- School of Pharmacy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Krutsch K, Campbell L, Baker T, Datta P. Alleviating anxiety while breastfeeding: evaluating buspirone transfer into human milk. Arch Womens Ment Health 2024; 27:619-623. [PMID: 38376615 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-024-01445-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Buspirone, an anxiolytic with minimal risk of dependence or respiratory depression, lacks extensive published data on its transfer into human milk during lactation. The objective of this study was to 1) quantify the transfer of buspirone and its active metabolite 1-pyrimidinylpiperazine (1-PP) into human milk, allowing for an estimation of maternal drug exposure to the breastfed infant, and 2) report observations of the infants exposed to buspirone via breastmilk. METHODS Milk samples and health histories were collected from nine lactating mothers who donated milk samples to the InfantRisk Human Milk Biorepository while taking buspirone. The drug concentration-time profile of buspirone and 1-PP was determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS Buspirone was below the detection level of 1.5 ng/mL in all milk samples with dosages ranging from 7.5 to 30 mg twice daily. However, low levels of active metabolite 1-PP were observed at 7.5 mg twice daily up to 30 mg twice daily. The relative infant dose (RID) calculated ranged from 0.21 to 2.17%, which is below the standard 10% threshold for infant safety. There were no reports of adverse effects in the exposed infants. CONCLUSION The levels of buspirone observed in all participants' milk samples were exceedingly low. The subsequently low relative infant dose (RID) in the range of 0.21% to 2.17% is below the 10% threshold for infant safety, suggesting that the transfer of maternal buspirone and its active metabolite (1-PP) into human milk is clinically insignificant and poses minimal risk to a breastfed infant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaytlin Krutsch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Levi Campbell
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA.
| | - Teresa Baker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Palika Datta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Yuan I, Garcia-Marcinkiewicz AG, Zhang B, Ulrich AM, Georgostathi G, Missett RM, Lang SS, Bruton JL, Kurth CD. Electroencephalographic Indices for Clinical Endpoints during Propofol Anesthesia in Infants: An Early-phase Propofol Biomarker-finding Study. Anesthesiology 2024; 141:353-364. [PMID: 38718376 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000005043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unlike expired sevoflurane concentration, propofol lacks a biomarker for its brain effect site concentration, leading to dosing imprecision particularly in infants. Electroencephalography monitoring can serve as a biomarker for propofol effect site concentration, yet proprietary electroencephalography indices are not validated in infants. The authors evaluated spectral edge frequency (SEF95) as a propofol anesthesia biomarker in infants. It was hypothesized that the SEF95 targets will vary for different clinical stimuli and an inverse relationship existed between SEF95 and propofol plasma concentration. METHODS This prospective study enrolled infants (3 to 12 months) to determine the SEF95 ranges for three clinical endpoints of anesthesia (consciousness-pacifier placement, pain-electrical nerve stimulation, and intubation-laryngoscopy) and correlation between SEF95 and propofol plasma concentration at steady state. Dixon's up-down method was used to determine target SEF95 for each clinical endpoint. Centered isotonic regression determined the dose-response function of SEF95 where 50% and 90% of infants (ED50 and ED90) did not respond to the clinical endpoint. Linear mixed-effect model determined the association of propofol plasma concentration and SEF95. RESULTS Of 49 enrolled infants, 44 evaluable (90%) showed distinct SEF95 for endpoints: pacifier (ED50, 21.4 Hz; ED90, 19.3 Hz), electrical stimulation (ED50, 12.6 Hz; ED90, 10.4 Hz), and laryngoscopy (ED50, 8.5 Hz; ED90, 5.2 Hz). From propofol 0.5 to 6 μg/ml, a 1-Hz SEF95 increase was linearly correlated to a 0.24 (95% CI, 0.19 to 0.29; P < 0.001) μg/ml decrease in plasma propofol concentration (marginal R2 = 0.55). CONCLUSIONS SEF95 can be a biomarker for propofol anesthesia depth in infants, potentially improving dosing accuracy and utilization of propofol anesthesia in this population. EDITOR’S PERSPECTIVE
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Annery G Garcia-Marcinkiewicz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Bingqing Zhang
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics Unit, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Allison M Ulrich
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Georgia Georgostathi
- Vagelos Intergrated Program in Energy Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Richard M Missett
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shih-Shan Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - James L Bruton
- Small Molecule and Metabolite Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - C Dean Kurth
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Mishra R, Kilroy MK, Feroz W, Patel H, Garrett JT. HER3 V104 mutations regulate cell signaling, growth, and drug sensitivity in cancer. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:1528-1541. [PMID: 38751013 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
HER3 is mutated in ~2%-10% of cancers depending on the cancer type. We found the HER3-V104L mutation to be activating from patient-derived mutations introduced via lentiviral transduction in HER3KO HER2 + HCC1569 breast cancer cells in which endogenous HER3 was eliminated by CRISPR/Cas9. Cells expressing HER3-V104L showed higher p-HER3 and p-ERK1/2 expression versus cells expressing wild-type HER3 or HER3-V104M. Patients whose tumor expressed the HER3 V104L variant had a reduced probability of overall survival compared to patients lacking a HER3 mutation whereas we did not find a statistically significant difference in overall survival of various cancer patients with the HER3 V104M mutation. Our data showed that HER2 inhibitors suppressed cell growth of HCC1569HER3KO cells stably expressing the HER3-V104L mutation. Cancer cell lines (SNU407, UC15 and DV90) with endogenous HER3-V104M mutation showed reduced cell proliferation and p-HER2/p-ERK1/2 expression with HER2 inhibitor treatment. Knock down of HER3 abrogated cell proliferation in the above cell lines which were overall more sensitive to the ERK inhibitor SCH779284 versus PI3K inhibitors. HER3-V104L mutation stabilized HER3 protein expression in COS7 and SNUC5 cells. COS7 cells transiently transfected with the HER3-V104L mutation in the presence of HER binding partners showed higher expression of p-HER3, p-ERK1/2 versus HER3-WT in a NRG-independent manner without any change in AKT signaling. Overall, this study shows the clinical relevance of the HER3 V104L and the V104M mutations and its response to HER2, PI3K and ERK inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalin Mishra
- James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Mary Kate Kilroy
- James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Wasim Feroz
- James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Hima Patel
- James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Joan T Garrett
- James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Alsmadi MM. Salivary Therapeutic Monitoring of Buprenorphine in Neonates After Maternal Sublingual Dosing Guided by Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling. Ther Drug Monit 2024; 46:512-521. [PMID: 38366333 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000001172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opioid use disorder (OUD) during pregnancy is associated with high mortality rates and neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS). Buprenorphine, an opioid, is used to treat OUD and NOWS. Buprenorphine active metabolite (norbuprenorphine) can cross the placenta and cause neonatal respiratory depression (EC 50 = 35 ng/mL) at high brain extracellular fluid (bECF) levels. Neonatal therapeutic drug monitoring using saliva decreases the likelihood of distress and infections associated with frequent blood sampling. METHODS An adult physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine after intravenous and sublingual administration was constructed, vetted, and scaled to newborn and pregnant populations. The pregnancy model predicted that buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine doses would be transplacentally transferred to the newborns. The newborn physiologically based pharmacokinetic model was used to estimate the buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine levels in newborn plasma, bECF, and saliva after these doses. RESULTS After maternal sublingual administration of buprenorphine (4 mg/d), the estimated plasma concentrations of buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine in newborns exceeded the toxicity thresholds for 8 and 24 hours, respectively. However, the norbuprenorphine bECF levels were lower than the respiratory depression threshold. Furthermore, the salivary buprenorphine threshold levels in newborns for buprenorphine analgesia, norbuprenorphine analgesia, and norbuprenorphine hypoventilation were observed to be 22, 2, and 162 ng/mL. CONCLUSIONS Using neonatal saliva for buprenorphine therapeutic drug monitoring can facilitate newborn safety during the maternal treatment of OUD using sublingual buprenorphine. Nevertheless, the suitability of using adult values of respiratory depression EC 50 for newborns must be confirmed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mo'tasem M Alsmadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; and
- Nanotechnology Institute, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Xie P, Abildlund MT, Bækdal TA, He X, Lyauk YK, Patted URH, Ning Z, Shi A. A phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigating the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety and tolerability of oral semaglutide in healthy Chinese subjects. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:3068-3077. [PMID: 38808476 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
AIM The trial (NCT04016974) investigated the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety and tolerability of oral semaglutide, the first orally administered glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue for type 2 diabetes, in healthy Chinese subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS This single-centre, multiple-dose, placebo-controlled trial randomized 32 healthy Chinese adults to once-daily oral semaglutide (3 mg escalating to 14 mg) or placebo for 12 weeks. Blood samples were collected regularly during treatment and follow-up. The primary endpoint was the area under the semaglutide concentration-time curve over a dosing interval (0-24 h) at steady state (AUC0-24h,sema,SS). Secondary pharmacokinetic endpoints included the maximum observed semaglutide plasma concentration at steady state (Cmax,sema,SS). Supportive secondary pharmacodynamics endpoints included changes in body weight and fasting plasma glucose. RESULTS Treatment with all oral semaglutide doses showed dose-dependent increases in semaglutide exposure in healthy Chinese subjects at steady state, determined by AUC0-24h,sema,SS (233, 552 and 1288 h·nmol/L for 3, 7 and 14 mg of oral semaglutide, respectively) and Cmax,sema,SS. Oral semaglutide treatment was associated with significant reductions in body weight (p = .0001) and fasting plasma glucose (p = .0011) versus placebo at the end of treatment. The safety and tolerability of oral semaglutide were consistent with the known profile of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, with no severe or blood-glucose-confirmed symptomatic hypoglycaemic events, serious adverse events or deaths. The most frequent adverse events were gastrointestinal disorders. CONCLUSIONS At steady state, oral semaglutide exposure was dose dependent and close to dose proportionality in healthy Chinese subjects. This is consistent with previous clinical pharmacology results for oral semaglutide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Xie
- Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Xuemei He
- Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Zu Ning
- Novo Nordisk (China) Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Aixin Shi
- Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Ferrer F, Tetu P, Dousset L, Lebbe C, Ciccolini J, Combarel D, Meyer N, Paci A, Bouchet S. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancers: Treatment optimization - Part II. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 200:104385. [PMID: 38810843 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Real-life populations are more heterogeneous than those included in prospective clinical studies. In cancer patients, comorbidities and co-medications favor the appearance of severe adverse effects which can significantly impact quality of life and treatment effectiveness. Most of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have been developed with flat oral dosing exposing patients to the risk of poor adherence due to side effects. Additionally, genetic or physiological factors, differences in diet, and drug-drug interactions can lead to inter-individual variability affecting treatment outcomes and increasing the risk of adverse events. Knowledge of the different factors of variability allows individualized patient management. This review examines the effects of adherence, food intake, and pharmaceutical form on the pharmacokinetics of oral TKI, as well as evaluating pharmacokinetics considerations improving TKI management. Concentration-effectiveness and concentration-toxicity data are presented for the selected TKI, and a simple therapeutic drug monitoring schema is outlined to help individualize dosing of oral TKI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florent Ferrer
- Department of Pharmacology, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France; SMARTc Unit, CRCM Inserm U1068, Aix Marseille Univ and APHM, Marseille, France; Service de Pharmacologie, Département de Biologie et Pathologie médicales, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Pauline Tetu
- Department of Dermatology, APHP Dermatology, Paris 7 Diderot University, INSERM U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Service de Pharmacologie, Département de Biologie et Pathologie médicales, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Léa Dousset
- Dermatology Department, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France; Service de Pharmacologie, Département de Biologie et Pathologie médicales, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Céleste Lebbe
- Department of Dermatology, APHP Dermatology, Paris 7 Diderot University, INSERM U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France; Service de Pharmacologie, Département de Biologie et Pathologie médicales, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Joseph Ciccolini
- SMARTc Unit, CRCM Inserm U1068, Aix Marseille Univ and APHM, Marseille, France; Service de Pharmacologie, Département de Biologie et Pathologie médicales, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - David Combarel
- Service de Pharmacologie, Département de Biologie et Pathologie médicales, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France; Service de Pharmacocinétique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, Châtenay-Malabry 92 296, France
| | - Nicolas Meyer
- Service de Pharmacologie, Département de Biologie et Pathologie médicales, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France; Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche, Toulouse 1037-CRCT, France
| | - Angelo Paci
- Service de Pharmacologie, Département de Biologie et Pathologie médicales, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France; Service de Pharmacocinétique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, Châtenay-Malabry 92 296, France
| | - Stéphane Bouchet
- Service de Pharmacologie, Département de Biologie et Pathologie médicales, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France; Département de Pharmacologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Stratton K, Davis KW. Case Report: Cefepime Induced Neurotoxicity Following a Change in Infusion Time. Hosp Pharm 2024; 59:411-414. [PMID: 38919756 PMCID: PMC11195832 DOI: 10.1177/00185787241237142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Purpose: Cefepime is an antibiotic associated with cefepime induced neurotoxicity (CIN), particularly in those with reduced renal function, or in cases of inappropriate medication dosing. This report describes a case of CIN associated with a change in infusion duration from 180 to30 minutes, which to the best of our knowledge has not been previously reported in the literature. Summary: A 73-year old male was treated with extended infusion cefepime over 180 minutes while hospitalized with recurrent pneumonia. On discharge, cefepime was continued as outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) administered over 30 minutes. The patient began to experience symptoms of neurotoxicity after 1 day of receiving OPAT, which subsequently led to a readmission as neurological symptoms worsened. Cefepime was discontinued and symptoms resolved within 48 hours. Renal function was stable throughout treatment and no other causes for neurotoxicity were noted. Conclusion: This is a unique case of CIN secondary to shortened infusion time, which is clinically relevant, particularly during transitions of care. Further investigation, including more widespread use of therapeutic drug monitoring will be beneficial to further elucidate the relationship between infusion time and CIN development.
Collapse
|
146
|
Abrosimov R, Baeken MW, Hauf S, Wittig I, Hajieva P, Perrone CE, Moosmann B. Mitochondrial complex I inhibition triggers NAD +-independent glucose oxidation via successive NADPH formation, "futile" fatty acid cycling, and FADH 2 oxidation. GeroScience 2024; 46:3635-3658. [PMID: 38267672 PMCID: PMC11226580 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01059-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of mitochondrial complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) is the primary mechanism of the antidiabetic drug metformin and various unrelated natural toxins. Complex I inhibition can also be induced by antidiabetic PPAR agonists, and it is elicited by methionine restriction, a nutritional intervention causing resistance to diabetes and obesity. Still, a comprehensible explanation to why complex I inhibition exerts antidiabetic properties and engenders metabolic inefficiency is missing. To evaluate this issue, we have systematically reanalyzed published transcriptomic datasets from MPP-treated neurons, metformin-treated hepatocytes, and methionine-restricted rats. We found that pathways leading to NADPH formation were widely induced, together with anabolic fatty acid biosynthesis, the latter appearing highly paradoxical in a state of mitochondrial impairment. However, concomitant induction of catabolic fatty acid oxidation indicated that complex I inhibition created a "futile" cycle of fatty acid synthesis and degradation, which was anatomically distributed between adipose tissue and liver in vivo. Cofactor balance analysis unveiled that such cycling would indeed be energetically futile (-3 ATP per acetyl-CoA), though it would not be redox-futile, as it would convert NADPH into respirable FADH2 without any net production of NADH. We conclude that inhibition of NADH dehydrogenase leads to a metabolic shift from glycolysis and the citric acid cycle (both generating NADH) towards the pentose phosphate pathway, whose product NADPH is translated 1:1 into FADH2 by fatty acid cycling. The diabetes-resistant phenotype following hepatic and intestinal complex I inhibition is attributed to FGF21- and GDF15-dependent fat hunger signaling, which remodels adipose tissue into a glucose-metabolizing organ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Abrosimov
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marius W Baeken
- Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Engineering Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Samuel Hauf
- Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Engineering Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Parvana Hajieva
- Institute for Translational Medicine, MSH Medical School, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carmen E Perrone
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Cold Spring-On-Hudson, NY, USA
| | - Bernd Moosmann
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Farrar JE, Swanson JM, Hudson JQ, Byerly S, Filiberto DM, Dickerson RN. Validation of Two Scoring Tools to Predict Risk of Augmented Renal Clearance in Trauma Patients. J Surg Res 2024; 300:526-533. [PMID: 38875951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Augmented renal clearance (ARC) is prevalent in trauma populations. Identification is underrecognized by calculated creatinine clearance or estimated glomerular filtration rate equations. Predictive scores may assist with ARC identification. The goal of this study was to evaluate validity of the ARCTIC score and ARC Predictor to predict ARC in critically ill trauma patients. METHODS This single center, retrospective study was performed at an academic level 1 trauma center. Critically ill adult trauma patients undergoing 24-h urine-collection were included. Patients with serum creatinine >1.5 mg/dL, kidney replacement therapy, suspected rhabdomyolysis, chronic kidney disease, or inaccurate urine collection were excluded. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for ARCTIC Score and ARC Predictor were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic curves were created for ARCTIC score and ARC Predictor models. RESULTS One-hundred and twenty-two patients with ARC and 78 patients without ARC were included. The ARCTIC score sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 89%, 54%, 75%, and 75%, respectively. The ARC Predictor demonstrated sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of 77%, 88%, 91%, and 71%, respectively. Regression analyses revealed both ARCTIC score ≥6 and ARC Predictor threshold >0.5 as significant risk factors for ARC in presence of traumatic brain injury, obesity, injury severity score, and negative nitrogen balance (ARCTIC ≥6: odds ratio 8.59 [95% confidence interval 3.90-18.92], P < 0.001; ARC Predictor >0.5: odds ratio 20.07 [95% confidence interval 8.53-47.19], P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These findings corroborate validity of two pragmatic prediction tools to identify patients at high risk of ARC. Future studies evaluating correlations between ARCTIC score, ARC Predictor, and clinical outcomes are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie E Farrar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Pharmacy, Memphis, Tennessee.
| | - Joseph M Swanson
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Pharmacy, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Joanna Q Hudson
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Pharmacy, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Saskya Byerly
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma/Surgical Critical Care, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine, Memphis, Tennessee; Regional One Health, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Dina M Filiberto
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma/Surgical Critical Care, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine, Memphis, Tennessee; Regional One Health, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Roland N Dickerson
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Pharmacy, Memphis, Tennessee
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Umemura K, Katada Y, Nakagawa S, Hira D, Yutaka Y, Tanaka S, Ohsumi A, Nakajima D, Date H, Nagao M, Terada T. Comparison of the safety and cost-effectiveness of nebulized liposomal amphotericin B and amphotericin B deoxycholate for antifungal prophylaxis after lung transplantation. J Infect Chemother 2024; 30:741-745. [PMID: 38354908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fungal infection after lung transplantation can lead to poor clinical outcome, for which lung transplant recipients require prophylaxis. One of the antifungal agents used after lung transplantation is nebulized amphotericin B (AMB). Nebulized AMB causes adverse events such as dyspnea and airway irritation, and long-term use leads to high economic costs. So far, prophylactic regimens employing AMB deoxycholate (AMB-d) and liposomal AMB (L-AMB) have been developed. This study compared the efficacy, safety, and cost of AMB-d and L-AMB. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients who underwent lung transplantation at Kyoto University Hospital from January 2021 to May 2023 were included in this study. Thirty-three patients received nebulized AMB-d, whereas 29 received nebulized L-AMB. RESULTS Both regimens maintained comparable prophylactic efficacy regarding the development of fungal infection in the AMB-d and L-AMB groups (3.0% vs. 3.4%, P = 0.877). Patients treated with nebulized L-AMB experienced fewer respiratory-related adverse reactions than those treated with nebulized AMB-d (6.9% vs. 30.3%, P < 0.05), leading to a longer treatment duration with L-AMB than with AMB-d. Additionally, the daily cost of administering L-AMB was lower than that of administering AMB-d (3609 Japanese yen vs. 1792.3 Japanese yen, P < 0.05). DISCUSSION These results suggest that nebulized L-AMB is safer and more cost-effective than nebulized AMB-d, with comparable efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Umemura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Katada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan; Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Shunsaku Nakagawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Daiki Hira
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yojiro Yutaka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Satona Tanaka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ohsumi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakajima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Date
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Miki Nagao
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Terada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Olatunji G, Kokori E, Ogieuhi IJ, Abraham IC, Olanisa O, Nzeako T, Ajimotokan OI, Akinmoju O, Yusuf IA, Odo CC, Ajibola F, Obi ES, Aderinto N. Can CSL-112 revolutionize atherosclerosis treatment? A critical look at the evidence. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102680. [PMID: 38795809 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
CSL-112, a recombinant human apolipoprotein A-I, holds promise for treating atherosclerotic disease by promoting reverse cholesterol transport. This review evaluates the current evidence on CSL-112's impact on atherosclerotic disease. A search identified studies investigating the effect of CSL-112 on apolipoprotein A-I levels, cholesterol efflux capacity, clinical outcomes, safety profile, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and subgroup analysis in patients with atherosclerotic disease. All nine studies consistently demonstrated a dose-dependent increase in apolipoprotein A-I levels following CSL-112 administration. Most studies also reported a corresponding rise in cholesterol efflux capacity. However, the AEGIS-II trial, the largest study to date, did not show a statistically significant reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with CSL-112 compared to placebo. While some smaller studies suggested potential benefits, particularly in stable atherosclerotic disease, their limitations in size and duration necessitate further investigation. CSL-112 appeared to be generally well-tolerated, with mostly mild or moderate adverse events reported. However, the AEGIS-II trial identified a higher incidence of hypersensitivity reactions in the CSL-112 group, requiring further exploration. CSL-112 demonstrates promise in raising apolipoprotein A-I levels and enhancing cholesterol efflux capacity, potentially promoting reverse cholesterol transport. However, its clinical efficacy for atherosclerotic disease remains unclear. Larger, well-designed trials with longer follow-up periods are necessary to definitively establish its clinical benefit and safety profile before widespread clinical use can be considered. Future research should also explore deeper into the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of CSL-112 and explore its efficacy and safety in different patient subgroups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gbolahan Olatunji
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Kokori
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ismaila Ajayi Yusuf
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | | | - Folake Ajibola
- College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ekiti, Nigeria
| | | | - Nicholas Aderinto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Ratajczak N, Munoz-Acuna R, Redaelli S, Suleiman A, Seibold EL, von Wedel D, Shay D, Ashrafian S, Chen G, Sundar E, Ahrens E, Wachtendorf LJ, Schaefer MS. Increased Postoperative Opioid Consumption in the Presence of Coadministration of 5-Hydroxytryptamine Type 3 Antagonists with Acetaminophen: A Hospital Registry Study. Anesthesiology 2024; 141:326-337. [PMID: 38700445 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000005033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acetaminophen and 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonists are administered as standard prophylaxes for postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting. Preclinical studies, however, suggest that 5-HT3 antagonists may compromise acetaminophen's analgesic effect. This hospital registry study investigates whether 5-HT3 antagonists mitigate the analgesic effect of prophylactic acetaminophen in a perioperative setting. METHODS This study included 55,016 adult patients undergoing general anesthesia for ambulatory procedures at a tertiary healthcare center in Massachusetts from 2015 to 2022. Using binary exposure variables and a comprehensive selection of preplanned patient- and procedure-related covariates for confounder control, the authors investigated whether intraoperative 5-HT3 antagonists affected the association between pre- or intraoperative acetaminophen and postoperative opioid consumption, gauged by opioid dose in milligram oral morphine equivalents (OME) administered in the postanesthesia care unit. A multivariable, zero-inflated negative binomial regression model was applied. RESULTS A total of 3,166 patients (5.8%) received only acetaminophen, 15,438 (28.1%) only 5-HT3 antagonists, 31,850 (57.9%) both drugs, and 4,562 (8.3%) neither drug. The median postanesthesia care unit opioid dose was 7.5 mg OME (interquartile range, 7.5 to 14.3 mg OME) among 16,640 of 55,016 (30.2%) patients who received opioids, and the mean opioid dose was 3.2 mg OME across all patients (maximum cumulative dose, 20.4 mg OME). Acetaminophen administration was associated with a -5.5% (95% CI, -9.6 to -1.4%; P = 0.009; adjusted absolute difference, -0.19 mg OME; 95% CI, -0.33 to -0.05; P = 0.009) reduction in opioid consumption among patients who did not receive a 5-HT3 antagonist, while there was no effect in patients who received a 5-HT3 antagonist (adjusted absolute difference, 0.00 mg OME; 95% CI, -0.06 to 0.05; P = 0.93; P for interaction = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS A dose-dependent association of pre- or intraoperative acetaminophen with decreased postoperative opioid consumption was not observed when 5-HT3 antagonists were coadministered, suggesting that physicians might consider reserving 5-HT3 antagonists as rescue medication for postoperative nausea or vomiting when acetaminophen is administered for pain prophylaxis. EDITOR’S PERSPECTIVE
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Ratajczak
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, and Center for Anesthesia Research Excellence, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ricardo Munoz-Acuna
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, and Center for Anesthesia Research Excellence, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Simone Redaelli
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, and Center for Anesthesia Research Excellence, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Aiman Suleiman
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, and Center for Anesthesia Research Excellence, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Eva-Lotte Seibold
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, and Center for Anesthesia Research Excellence, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dario von Wedel
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, and Center for Anesthesia Research Excellence, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Denys Shay
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, and Center for Anesthesia Research Excellence, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sarah Ashrafian
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, and Center for Anesthesia Research Excellence, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Guanqing Chen
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, and Center for Anesthesia Research Excellence, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eswar Sundar
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elena Ahrens
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, and Center for Anesthesia Research Excellence, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Luca J Wachtendorf
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, and Center for Anesthesia Research Excellence, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maximilian S Schaefer
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, and Center for Anesthesia Research Excellence, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Anesthesiology, Duesseldorf University Hospital, Duesseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|