101
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Scheller L, Bachmann S, Zorn T, Hanio S, Gbureck U, Fatouros D, Pöppler AC, Meinel L. Solid microemulsion preconcentrates on pH responsive metal-organic framework for tableting. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 186:105-111. [PMID: 36963469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Poorly water-soluble drugs are frequently formulated with lipid-based formulations including microemulsions and their preconcentrates. We detailed the solidification of drug-loaded microemulsion preconcentrates with the acid-sensitive metal-organic framework ZIF-8 by X-ray powder diffraction and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Adsorption and desorption dynamics were analyzed by fluorescence measurement, high-performance liquid chromatography, dynamic light scattering and 1H-DOSY experiments using the model compounds Nile Red, Vitamin K1, and Lumefantrine. Preconcentrates and drugs were successfully loaded onto ZIF-8 while preserving its crystal structure. The solid powder was pressable to tablets or 3D-printed into oral dosage forms. At low pH, colloidal solutions readily formed, solubilizing the poorly water-soluble compounds. The use of stimuli-responsive metal organic frameworks as carriers for the oral delivery of lipid-based formulations points towards solid dosage forms readily forming colloidal microemulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Scheller
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Bachmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Theresa Zorn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Simon Hanio
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Gbureck
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Wuerzburg, Pleicherwall, 2, DE-97070 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Fatouros
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ann-Christin Pöppler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Lorenz Meinel
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Wuerzburg, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Josef-Schneider-Strasse, 2, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
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102
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Lu D, Urzúa-Leiva R, Denis-Alpizar O, Guo H. Hyperthermal Dynamics and Kinetics of the C( 3P) + N 2(X 1Σg+) → CN(X 2Σ+) + N( 4S) Reaction. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:2839-2845. [PMID: 36944165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The hyperthermal dynamics and kinetics of the title reaction, which plays an important role in hypersonic chemistry for atmospheric entry vehicles, are investigated using quasi-classical trajectory methods on a recently developed ground electronic state potential energy surface. The dynamics calculations indicated that the reaction follows a complex-forming mechanism, despite its large endoergicity. The calculated differential cross section is forward-backward symmetric, consistent with a long-lived reaction intermediate supported by the NCN potential well. The lifetime of the reaction complex is sufficiently long that the vibrational distribution of the CN product can be predicted by the phase space theory. The calculated vibrational state specific and thermal rate coefficients follow the Arrhenius behavior, and the agreement with existing low-temperature experimental thermal rate coefficients is satisfactory. Extrapolations to high temperatures relevant to hypersonic conditions are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Rodrigo Urzúa-Leiva
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Av. Pedro de Valdivia 425, Providencia, 7500912 Santiago, Chile
| | - Otoniel Denis-Alpizar
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Av. Pedro de Valdivia 425, Providencia, 7500912 Santiago, Chile
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
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103
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Khot A, Lindsey RK, Lewicki JP, Maiti A, Goldman N, Kroonblawd MP. United atom and coarse grained models for crosslinked polydimethylsiloxane with applications to the rheology of silicone fluids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:9669-9684. [PMID: 36943730 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04920a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Siloxane systems consisting primarily of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are versatile, multifaceted materials that play a key role in diverse applications. However, open questions exist regarding the correlation between their varied atomic-level properties and observed macroscale features. To this effect, we have created a systematic workflow to determine coarse-grained simulation models for crosslinked PDMS in order to further elucidate the effects of network changes on the system's rheological properties below the gel point. Our approach leverages a fine-grained united atom model for linear PDMS, which we extend to include crosslinking terms, and applies iterative Boltzmann inversion to obtain a coarse-grain "bead-spring-type" model. We then perform extensive molecular dynamics simulations to explore the effect of crosslinking on the rheology of silicone fluids, where we compute systematic increases in both density and shear viscosity that compare favorably to experiments that we conduct here. The kinematic viscosity of partially crosslinked fluids follows an empirical linear relationship that is surprisingly consistent with Rouse theory, which was originally derived for systems comprised of a uniform distribution of linear chains. The models developed here serve to enable quantitative bottom-up predictions for curing- and age-induced effects on macroscale rheological properties, allowing for accurate prediction of material properties based on fundamental chemical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Khot
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Rebecca K Lindsey
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - James P Lewicki
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Amitesh Maiti
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Nir Goldman
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Matthew P Kroonblawd
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
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104
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Lang J, Przybytek M, Lesiuk M, Jeziorski B. Collision-induced three-body polarizability of helium. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:114303. [PMID: 36948830 DOI: 10.1063/5.0137879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We present the first-principles determination of the three-body polarizability and the third dielectric virial coefficient of helium. Coupled-cluster and full configuration interaction methods were used to perform electronic structure calculations. The mean absolute relative uncertainty of the trace of the polarizability tensor, resulting from the incompleteness of the orbital basis set, was found to be 4.7%. Additional uncertainty due to the approximate treatment of triple and the neglect of higher excitations was estimated at 5.7%. An analytic function was developed to describe the short-range behavior of the polarizability and its asymptotics in all fragmentation channels. We calculated the third dielectric virial coefficient and its uncertainty using the classical and semiclassical Feynman-Hibbs approaches. The results of our calculations were compared with experimental data and with recent Path-Integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) calculations [Garberoglio et al., J. Chem. Phys. 155, 234103 (2021)] employing the so-called superposition approximation of the three-body polarizability. For temperatures above 200 K, we observed a significant discrepancy between the classical results obtained using superposition approximation and the ab initio computed polarizability. For temperatures from 10 K up to 200 K, the differences between PIMC and semiclassical calculations are several times smaller than the uncertainties of our results. Except at low temperatures, our results agree very well with the available experimental data but have much smaller uncertainties. The data reported in this work eliminate the main accuracy bottleneck in the optical pressure standard [Gaiser et al., Ann. Phys. 534, 2200336 (2022)] and facilitate further progress in the field of quantum metrology.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lang
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Przybytek
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Lesiuk
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Jeziorski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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105
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Xu J, Wang Z, Chu HCW. Unidirectional drying of a suspension of diffusiophoretic colloids under gravity. RSC Adv 2023; 13:9247-9259. [PMID: 36950706 PMCID: PMC10026375 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00115f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent experiments (K. Inoue and S. Inasawa, RSC Adv., 2020, 10, 15763-15768) and simulations (J.-B. Salmon and F. Doumenc, Phys. Rev. Fluids, 2020, 5, 024201) demonstrated the significant impact of gravity on unidirectional drying of a colloidal suspension. However, under gravity, the role of colloid transport induced by an electrolyte concentration gradient, a mechanism known as diffusiophoresis, is unexplored to date. In this work, we employ direct numerical simulations and develop a macrotransport theory to analyze the advective-diffusive transport of an electrolyte-colloid suspension in a unidirectional drying cell under the influence of gravity and diffusiophoresis. We report three key findings. First, drying a suspension of solute-attracted diffusiophoretic colloids causes the strongest phase separation and generates the thinnest colloidal layer compared to non-diffusiophoretic or solute-repelled colloids. Second, when colloids are strongly solute-repelled, diffusiophoresis prevents the formation of colloid concentration gradient and hence gravity has a negligible effect on colloidal layer formation. Third, our macrotransport theory predicts new scalings for the growth of the colloidal layer. The scalings match with direct numerical simulations and indicate that the colloidal layer produced by solute-repelled diffusiophoretic colloids could be an order of magnitude thicker compared to non-diffusiophoretic or solute-attracted colloids. Our results enable tailoring the separation of colloid-electrolyte suspensions by tuning the interactions between the solvent, electrolyte, and colloids under Earth's or microgravity, which is central to ground-based and in-space applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjie Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Zhikui Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Henry C W Chu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
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106
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Upshur MA, Bé AG, Luo J, Varelas JG, Geiger FM, Thomson RJ. Organic synthesis in the study of terpene-derived oxidation products in the atmosphere. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:890-921. [PMID: 36938683 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00064d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 1997 up to 2022Volatile biogenic terpenes involved in the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles participate in rich atmospheric chemistry that impacts numerous aspects of the earth's complex climate system. Despite the importance of these species, understanding their fate in the atmosphere and determining their atmospherically-relevant properties has been limited by the availability of authentic standards and probe molecules. Advances in synthetic organic chemistry directly aimed at answering these questions have, however, led to exciting discoveries at the interface of chemistry and atmospheric science. Herein we provide a review of the literature regarding the synthesis of commercially unavailable authentic standards used to analyze the composition, properties, and mechanisms of SOA particles in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Alice Upshur
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - Ariana Gray Bé
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - Jingyi Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - Jonathan G Varelas
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - Franz M Geiger
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - Regan J Thomson
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
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107
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Aupiais J, Christin C, Levier M. Aquatic Chemistry of Pentavalent Plutonium: Determination of the First Hydrolysis Constant. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:4533-4539. [PMID: 36877636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Up to now, no recommendations have been made by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Nuclear Energy Agency (OECD-NEA) for the first two hydrolysis constants of pentavalent plutonium. We have determined them, as well as those of Np(V), by means of capillary electrophoresis coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (CE-ICP-MS) in 0.1 M NaCl at 25 °C. The hydrolysis constants of Pu(V) were compared to those of Np(V), for which consensual values have been proposed by the OECD-NEA. The first hydrolysis stability constant for Pu(V) extrapolated at zero ionic strength (logβ10*=-(11.50±0.12)) is, as expected, close to that of Np(V) (logβ10*=-(11.36±0.13)). We have obtained an excellent agreement with the OECD-NEA value for Np(V) [logβ10*=-(11.3±0.7)]. Based on eight independent values including our own, we propose a new, robust value for the first hydrolysis of Np(V): logβ10*=-(11.22±0.20). The determination of the second hydrolysis constant for Np(V) by CE-ICP-MS [logβ20*=-(24.40±0.33)] deviates from the value adopted by the OECD-NEA [logβ20*=-(23.6±0.5)]. This discrepancy might be explained by the association of a sodium counter cation with the species [NpO2(OH)2]-. A stability constant is proposed at zero ionic strength and 25 °C for this association: logKNa[NpO2(OH)2]0=(1.6±0.5). As a result, it is considered that the second hydrolysis constant for Pu(V), [logβ20*=-(24.24±0.26)], is also a mixed constant, taking into account both the hydrolysis and the association with a sodium cation.
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108
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Crook MF, Moreno-Hernandez IA, Ondry JC, Ciston J, Bustillo KC, Vargas A, Alivisatos AP. EELS Studies of Cerium Electrolyte Reveal Substantial Solute Concentration Effects in Graphene Liquid Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6648-6657. [PMID: 36939571 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Graphene liquid cell transmission electron microscopy is a powerful technique to visualize nanoscale dynamics and transformations at atomic resolution. However, the solution in liquid cells is known to be affected by radiolysis, and the stochastic formation of graphene liquid cells raises questions about the solution chemistry in individual pockets. In this study, electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) was used to evaluate a model encapsulated solution, aqueous CeCl3. First, the ratio between the O K-edge and Ce M-edge was used to approximate the concentration of cerium salt in the graphene liquid cell. It was determined that the ratio between oxygen and cerium was orders of magnitude lower than what is expected for a dilute solution, indicating that the encapsulated solution is highly concentrated. To probe how this affects the chemistry within graphene liquid cells, the oxidation of Ce3+ was measured using time-resolved parallel EELS. It was determined that Ce3+ oxidizes faster under high electron fluxes, but reaches the same steady-state Ce4+ concentration regardless of flux. The time-resolved concentration profiles enabled direct comparison to radiolysis models, which indicate rate constants and g-values of certain molecular species are substantially different in the highly concentrated environment. Finally, electron flux-dependent gold nanocrystal etching trajectories showed that gold nanocrystals etch faster at higher electron fluxes, correlating well with the Ce3+ oxidation kinetics. Understanding the effects of the highly concentrated solution in graphene liquid cells will provide new insight on previous studies and may open up opportunities to systematically study systems in highly concentrated solutions at high resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle F Crook
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ivan A Moreno-Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Justin C Ondry
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jim Ciston
- National Center for Electron Microscopy Facility, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Karen C Bustillo
- National Center for Electron Microscopy Facility, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Alfred Vargas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - A Paul Alivisatos
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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109
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Mokkath JH. Photo-response of water intercalated Ti 3C 2O 2 MXene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:9522-9531. [PMID: 36939062 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00600j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides (MXenes) have drawn a lot of attention because of their unique physicochemical properties. Recent experimental and theoretical findings reveal that water intercalation in MXene results in surface reconstruction and hydrolysis. In the current study, we investigated the electronic and optical characteristics of the water-intercalated Ti3C2O2 MXene using first-principles quantum simulations via density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). We show that water intercalation impacts the electronic states close to the Fermi level, which has a considerable effect on the electronic and optical properties of Ti3C2O2 MXene. Importantly, we linked hydrolysis with the changes in the HOMO and LUMO states and with the optical properties. The findings in this study contribute to a better understanding of the photo-response of the water-intercalated MXene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junais Habeeb Mokkath
- Quantum Nanophotonics Simulations Lab, Department of Physics, Kuwait College of Science And Technology, Doha Area, 7th Ring Road, P.O. Box 27235, Kuwait.
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110
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Jiang H, Chen GF, Savateev O, Xue J, Ding LX, Liang Z, Antonietti M, Wang H. Enabled Efficient Ammonia Synthesis and Energy Supply in a Zinc-Nitrate Battery System by Separating Nitrate Reduction Process into Two Stages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218717. [PMID: 36728627 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The aqueous electrocatalytic reduction of NO3 - into NH3 (NitrRR) presents a sustainable route applicable to NH3 production and potentially energy storage. However, the NitrRR involves a directly eight-electron transfer process generally required a large overpotential (<-0.2 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (vs. RHE)) to reach optimal efficiency. Here, inspired by biological nitrate respiration, the NitrRR was separated into two stages along a [2+6]-electron pathway to alleviate the kinetic barrier. The system employed a Cu nanowire catalyst produces NO2 - and NH3 with current efficiencies of 91.5 % and 100 %, respectively at lower overpotentials (>+0.1 vs. RHE). The high efficiency for such a reduction process was further explored in a zinc-nitrate battery. This battery could be specified by a high output voltage of 0.70 V, an average energy density of 566.7 Wh L-1 at 10 mA cm-2 and a power density of 14.1 mW cm-2 , which is well beyond all previously reported similar concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Membrane Materials and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Gao-Feng Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.,Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Oleksandr Savateev
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jian Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Liang-Xin Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhenxing Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Haihui Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Membrane Materials and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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111
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Valentini P, Verhoff AM, Grover MS, Bisek NJ. First-principles predictions for shear viscosity of air components at high temperature. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:9131-9139. [PMID: 36939072 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00072a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
The direct molecular simulation (DMS) method is used to obtain shear viscosity data for non-reacting air and its components by simulating isothermal, plane Poiseuille subsonic flows. Shear viscosity is estimated at several temperatures, from 273 K to 10 000 K, by fitting the DMS velocity profiles using the analytic solution of the Navier-Stokes equations for this simple canonical flow. The ab initio potential energy surfaces (PESs) that describe the various atomic-level interactions are the only input in the simulations. Molecules involved in a collision within the flow can occupy any rovibrational state that is allowed by the effective diatomic potential. For molecular nitrogen, oxygen, and air at standard condition molar composition, the DMS shear viscosity predictions are in excellent agreement with the experimental data that are available up to about 2000 K. The results for pure molecular nitrogen and pure molecular oxygen also agree very well with previously published quasi-classical trajectory (QCT) calculations based on the same PESs. It is further shown that the ab initio shear viscosity data are generally lower than the corresponding values used in popular computational fluid dynamics codes, over a wide temperature range. Finally, Wilke's mixing rule is demonstrated to accurately predict the DMS air viscosity results from the pure molecular components data up to 4000 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Valentini
- University of Dayton Research Institute, 1700 South Patterson Blvd, Dayton, Ohio 45469, USA.
| | - Ashley M Verhoff
- US Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, USA
| | - Maninder S Grover
- University of Dayton Research Institute, 1700 South Patterson Blvd, Dayton, Ohio 45469, USA.
| | - Nicholas J Bisek
- US Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, USA
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112
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Insińska-Rak M, Golczak A, Gierszewski M, Anwar Z, Cherkas V, Kwiatek D, Sikorska E, Khmelinskii I, Burdziński G, Cibulka R, Mrówczyńska L, Kolanowski JL, Sikorski M. 5-Deazaalloxazine as photosensitizer of singlet oxygen and potential redox-sensitive agent. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023:10.1007/s43630-023-00401-9. [PMID: 36934363 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00401-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
Flavins are a unique class of compounds that combine the features of singlet oxygen generators and redox-dependent fluorophores. From a broad family of flavin derivatives, deazaalloxazines are significantly underdeveloped from the point of view of photophysical properties. Herein, we report photophysics of 5-deazaalloxazine (1a) in water, acetonitrile, and some other solvents. In particular, triplet excited states of 1a in water and in acetonitrile were investigated using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) transient absorption spectroscopy. The measured triplet lifetimes for 1a were all on the microsecond time scale (≈ 60 μs) in deoxygenated solutions. The quantum yield of S1 → T1 intersystem crossing for 1a in water was 0.43 based on T1 energy transfer from 1a to indicaxanthin (5) acting as acceptor and on comparative actinometric measurements using benzophenone (6). 1a was an efficient photosensitizer for singlet oxygen in aerated solutions, with quantum yields of singlet oxygen in methanol of about 0.76, compared to acetonitrile ~ 0.74, dichloromethane ~ 0.64 and 1,2-dichloroethane ~ 0.54. Significantly lower singlet oxygen quantum yields were obtained in water and deuterated water (ФΔ ~ 0.42 and 0.44, respectively). Human red blood cells (RBC) were used as a cell model to study the antioxidant capacity in vitro and cytotoxic activity of 1a. Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) data were analyzed by fluorescence lifetime parameters and distribution for different parts of the emission spectrum. Comparison of multidimensional fluorescent properties of RBC under physiological-like and oxidative-stress conditions in the presence and absence of 1a suggests its dual activity as probe and singlet-oxygen generator and opens up a pathway for using FLIM to analyze complex intracellular behavior of flavin-like compounds. These new data on structure-property relationship contribute to the body of information required for a rational design of flavin-based tools for future biological and biochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Insińska-Rak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Golczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Mateusz Gierszewski
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Zubair Anwar
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Volodymyr Cherkas
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12-14, 61-704, Poznań, Poland
| | - Dorota Kwiatek
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12-14, 61-704, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Sikorska
- Poznań University of Economics and Business, Al. Niepodległości 10, 61-875, Poznań, Poland
| | - Igor Khmelinskii
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, and Centre for Electronics, Optoelectronics and Telecommunications, University of the Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Gotard Burdziński
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Radek Cibulka
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, Prague 6, 16628, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucyna Mrówczyńska
- Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Jacek Lukasz Kolanowski
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12-14, 61-704, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Marek Sikorski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
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113
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Zhang MH, Ding H, Egert S, Zhao C, Villa L, Fulanović L, Groszewicz PB, Buntkowsky G, Kleebe HJ, Albe K, Klein A, Koruza J. Tailoring high-energy storage NaNbO 3-based materials from antiferroelectric to relaxor states. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1525. [PMID: 36934123 PMCID: PMC10024729 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37060-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Reversible field-induced phase transitions define antiferroelectric perovskite oxides and lay the foundation for high-energy storage density materials, required for future green technologies. However, promising new antiferroelectrics are hampered by transition´s irreversibility and low electrical resistivity. Here, we demonstrate an approach to overcome these problems by adjusting the local structure and defect chemistry, delivering NaNbO3-based antiferroelectrics with well-defined double polarization loops. The attending reversible phase transition and structural changes at different length scales are probed by in situ high-energy X-ray diffraction, total scattering, transmission electron microcopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We show that the energy-storage density of the antiferroelectric compositions can be increased by an order of magnitude, while increasing the chemical disorder transforms the material to a relaxor state with a high energy efficiency of 90%. The results provide guidelines for efficient design of (anti-)ferroelectrics and open the way for the development of new material systems for a sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Hua Zhang
- Non-metallic Inorganic Materials, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Hui Ding
- Advanced Electron Microscopy, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany
| | - Sonja Egert
- Eduard Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany
| | - Changhao Zhao
- Non-metallic Inorganic Materials, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Villa
- Materials Modeling Division, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany
| | - Lovro Fulanović
- Non-metallic Inorganic Materials, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany
| | - Pedro B Groszewicz
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, 2600AA, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Eduard Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Kleebe
- Institute of Applied Geosciences, Geomaterial Science, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany
| | - Karsten Albe
- Materials Modeling Division, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany
| | - Andreas Klein
- Electronic Structure of Materials, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany
| | - Jurij Koruza
- Non-metallic Inorganic Materials, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany.
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Graz, 8010, Austria.
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114
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Spectrophotometric study of complexation between betulin 3,28-diphthalate and β-cyclodextrin. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-023-01182-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
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115
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Prostějovský T, Kulišťáková A, Reli M, Žebrák R, Kočí K. Innovative technology for ammonia abatement from livestock buildings using advanced oxidation processes. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023:10.1007/s43630-023-00400-w. [PMID: 36930449 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00400-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of using advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for abatement of ammonia from livestock buildings was examined in a series of pilot plant experiments. In this study, all the experiments were conducted in a two-step unit containing a dry photolytic reactor (UV185/UV254/O3) and a photochemical scrubber (UV254/H2O2). The unit efficiency was tested for two initial ammonia concentrations (20 and 35 ppmv) and three different air flows (150, 300 and 450 m3·h-1). While the first step removes mainly organic pollutants that are often present together with ammonia in the air and ammonia only partially, the second step removes around 90% of ammonia emissions even at the highest flow rate of 450 m3·h-1. Absorbed ammonia in the aqueous phase can be effectively removed without adjusting the pH (i.e. without the addition of other additives) using UV and ozone. Complete removal of ammonia was achieved after 15 h of irradiation. In order to assess the price efficiency of the suggested technology and to be able to compare it with other methods the figures-of-merit were determined. The price needed for lowering ammonia emission by one order of magnitude is 0.002 € per cubic meter of treated air at the highest flow rate of 450 m3·h-1 and for initial ammonia concentrations of 20 ppmv. These findings demonstrate that AOPs are a promising method for ammonia abatement from livestock buildings which are rarely using any waste air treatment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Prostějovský
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Centre for Energy and Environmental Technologies, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic.
| | - Alena Kulišťáková
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Centre for Energy and Environmental Technologies, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Reli
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Centre for Energy and Environmental Technologies, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Žebrák
- Dekonta Inc., Dřetovice 109, 273 42, Stehelčeves, Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Kočí
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Centre for Energy and Environmental Technologies, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
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116
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Impact of Dilution on Whisky Aroma: A Sensory and Volatile Composition Analysis. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061276. [PMID: 36981202 PMCID: PMC10048241 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
An “omics”-style approach was used to evaluate the complex relationship between whisky aroma and dilution with water, typically suggested as a way to better appreciate whisky. A set of 25 samples, including Bourbons, ryes, single-malt and blended Scotches, and Irish whiskies were chemically profiled at six dilution levels (100, 90, 80, 70, 60, and 50% whisky/water), while a subset of six whiskies (three Bourbons, three Scotches) at four dilution levels (100, 80, 60, and 40% whisky/water) were chemically profiled and subjected to sensory analysis by a trained panel (n = 20). Untargeted volatile analysis was performed using headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) and sensory analysis was performed using descriptive analysis (DA). Results were evaluated using multivariate statistical techniques, including multifactor analysis (MFA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Dilution decreased headspace concentration of hydrophilic aroma compounds and increased concentration of more hydrophobic compounds, which agreed with DA results. Dilution above 80% whisky/20% water reduced differences within whisky styles, though differences between American (Bourbon, rye) and Scotch styles (single malt, blended) continued to increase with further dilution. This provides important insight into how dilution of whisky during consumption changes consumer perception, as well as the usefulness of HS-SPME-GC-MS as a proxy for human olfaction.
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117
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Shojaei S, Shahgholi M, Karimipour A. The effects of atomic percentage and size of Zinc nanoparticles, and atomic porosity on thermal and mechanical properties of reinforced calcium phosphate cement by molecular dynamics simulation. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 141:105785. [PMID: 36958069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
This study used the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method to assess the effects of different percentages of NPs, sizes, and percentages of porosity on reinforced cement thermal behavior (TB) and mechanical behavior (MB) of samples. The temperature and kinetic energy (KE) converged to 300 K and 35.42 eV after 10 ns, which indicated the thermodynamic equilibrium and the atomic stability in the structures. Increasing the NPs percentage from 1% to 3% increased the maximum temperature from 1364 to 1405 K. By further increasing it to 5%, it was reduced to 1361 K. As the radius of Zn NPs increased to 16 Å, the ultimate strength (US) and Young's Modulus (YM) increased from 1.07 to 0.19 MPa to 1.2 and 0.22 MPa. The increase in the NPs' radius to 16 Å caused an increase in the maximum temperature from 1405 to 1455 K, maintaining atomic stability. As the porosity increased from 1% to 5%, the US and YM reduced from 0.91 to 0.17 MPa to 0.81 and 0.15 MPa. As the porosity increased from 1% to 5%, the maximum temperature was reduced from 1400 K to 1384 K. According to the results, Zn NPs' percentage and size effectively improved the MB of the final cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakour Shojaei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Mohamad Shahgholi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran.
| | - Arash Karimipour
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
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118
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Moorthi K, Maekawa S. Solvation Effects on Polarizability of Aromatic Fluids. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:2237-2249. [PMID: 36877130 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c08520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating solvation effects on polarizability in condensed phases is important for the description of the optical and dielectric behavior of high-refractive-index molecular materials. We study these effects via the polarizability model combining electronic, solvation, and vibrational contributions. The method is applied to well-characterized highly polarizable liquid precursors: benzene, naphthalene, and phenanthrene. We find that the solvation and vibrational terms are of opposite signs and cancel almost exactly for benzene, but for naphthalene and phenanthrene, a 2.5 and 5.0% decrease relative to the equilibrium electronic polarizability of the respective monomer, α1e, is predicted, respectively. The increase in electronic polarizability affects interaction polarizability of all contacts, which is the main reason for the increasing importance of solvation contribution. The calculated refractive indices agree very well with experiment for all three systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Moorthi
- R&D Center, Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., 580-32 Nagaura, Sodegaura 299-0265, Japan
| | - Shintaro Maekawa
- R&D Center, Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., 580-32 Nagaura, Sodegaura 299-0265, Japan
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119
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Zhu D, Ruwe L, Schmitt S, Shu B, Kohse-Höinghaus K, Lucassen A. Interactions in Ammonia and Hydrogen Oxidation Examined in a Flow Reactor and a Shock Tube. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:2351-2366. [PMID: 36877868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c07784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) is a promising fuel, because it is carbon-free and easier to store and transport than hydrogen (H2). However, an ignition enhancer such as H2 might be needed for technical applications, because of the rather poor ignition properties of NH3. The combustion of pure NH3 and H2 has been explored widely. However, for mixtures of both gases, mostly only global parameters such as ignition delay times or flame speeds were reported. Studies with extensive experimental species profiles are scarce. Therefore, we experimentally investigated the interactions in the oxidation of different NH3/H2 mixtures in the temperature range of 750-1173 K at 0.97 bar in a plug-flow reactor (PFR), as well as in the temperature range of 1615-2358 K with an average pressure of 3.16 bar in a shock tube. In the PFR, temperature-dependent mole fraction profiles of the main species were obtained via electron ionization molecular-beam mass spectrometry (EI-MBMS). Additionally, for the first time, tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) with a scanned-wavelength method was adapted to the PFR for the quantification of nitric oxide (NO). In the shock tube, time-resolved NO profiles were also measured by TDLAS using a fixed-wavelength approach. The experimental results both in PFR and shock tube reveal the reactivity enhancement by H2 on ammonia oxidation. The extensive sets of results were compared with predictions by four NH3-related reaction mechanisms. None of the mechanisms can well predict all experimental results, but the Stagni et al. [React. Chem. Eng. 2020, 5, 696-711] and Zhu et al. [Combust. Flame 2022, 246, 115389] mechanisms perform best for the PFR and shock tube conditions, respectively. Exploratory kinetic analysis was conducted to identify the effect of H2 addition on ammonia oxidation and NO formation, as well as sensitive reactions in different temperature regimes. The results presented in this study can provide valuable information for further model development and highlight relevant properties of H2-assisted NH3 combustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denghao Zhu
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Lena Ruwe
- Department of Fundamentals of Explosion Protection, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Steffen Schmitt
- Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Bo Shu
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Arnas Lucassen
- Department of Fundamentals of Explosion Protection, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
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120
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Blitz MA, Onel L, Robertson SH, Seakins PW. Studies on the Kinetics of the CH + H 2 Reaction and Implications for the Reverse Reaction, 3CH 2 + H. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:2367-2375. [PMID: 36857400 PMCID: PMC10026075 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c08097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of CH radicals with H2 has been studied by the use of laser flash photolysis, probing CH decays under pseudo-first-order conditions using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) over the temperature range 298-748 K at pressures of ∼5-100 Torr. Careful data analysis was required to separate the CH LIF signal at ∼428 nm from broad background fluorescence, and this interference increased with temperature. We believe that this interference may have been the source of anomalous pressure behavior reported previously in the literature (Brownsword, R. A.; J. Chem. Phys. 1997, 106, 7662-7677). The rate coefficient k1 shows complex behavior: at low pressures, the main route for the CH3* formed from the insertion of CH into H2 is the formation of 3CH2 + H, and as the pressure is increased, CH3* is increasingly stabilized to CH3. The kinetic data on CH + H2 have been combined with experimental shock tube data on methyl decomposition and literature thermochemistry within a master equation program to precisely determine the rate coefficient of the reverse reaction, 3CH2 + H → CH + H2. The resulting parametrization is kCH2+H(T) = (1.69 ± 0.11) × 10-10 × (T/298 K)(0.05±0.010) cm3 molecule-1 s-1, where the errors are 1σ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Blitz
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
- NCAS, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Lavinia Onel
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | | | - Paul W Seakins
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
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121
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Photochemical Implications of Changes in the Spectral Properties of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter: A Model Assessment for Surface Waters. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062664. [PMID: 36985638 PMCID: PMC10055727 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) is the main sunlight absorber in surface waters and a very important photosensitiser towards the generation of photochemically produced reactive intermediates (PPRIs), which take part in pollutant degradation. The absorption spectrum of CDOM (ACDOM(λ), unitless) can be described by an exponential function that decays with increasing wavelength: ACDOM(λ) = 100 d DOC Ao e− Sλ, where d [m] is water depth, DOC [mgC L−1] is dissolved organic carbon, Ao [L mgC−1 cm−1] is a pre-exponential factor, and S [nm−1] is the spectral slope. Sunlight absorption by CDOM is higher when Ao and DOC are higher and S is lower, and vice versa. By the use of models, here we investigate the impact of changes in CDOM spectral parameters (Ao and S) on the steady-state concentrations of three PPRIs: the hydroxyl radical (•OH), the carbonate radical (CO3•−), and CDOM excited triplet states (3CDOM*). A first finding is that variations in both Ao and S have impacts comparable to DOC variations on the photochemistry of CDOM, when reasonable parameter values are considered. Therefore, natural variability of the spectral parameters or their modifications cannot be neglected. In the natural environment, spectral parameters could, for instance, change because of photobleaching (prolonged exposure of CDOM to sunlight, which decreases Ao and increases S) or of the complex and still poorly predictable effects of climate change. A second finding is that, while the steady-state [3CDOM*] would increase with increasing ACDOM (increasing Ao, decreasing S), the effect of spectral parameters on [•OH] and [CO3•−] depends on the relative roles of CDOM vs. NO3− and NO2− as photochemical •OH sources.
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122
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Volkov AA, Chuchupal SV. Isochores and Heat Capacity of Liquid Water in Terms of the Ion–Molecular Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065630. [PMID: 36982704 PMCID: PMC10051472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermodynamics of liquid water in terms of a non-standard approach—the ion–molecular model—is considered. Water is represented as a dense gas of neutral H2O molecules and single charged H3O+ and OH− ions. The molecules and ions perform thermal collisional motion and interconvert due to ion exchange. The energy-rich process—vibrations of an ion in a hydration shell of molecular dipoles—well known to spectroscopists with its dielectric response at 180 cm−1 (5 THz), is suggested to be key for water dynamics. Taking into account this ion–molecular oscillator, we compose an equation of state of liquid water to obtain analytical expressions for the isochores and heat capacity.
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123
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Izato YI, Matsugi A, Koshi M, Miyake A. Computation of entropy values for non-electrolyte solute molecules in solution based on semi-empirical corrections to a polarized continuum model. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:8082-8089. [PMID: 36876720 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04972d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
A simple heuristic model was developed for estimating the entropy of a solute molecule in an ideal solution based on quantum mechanical calculations with polarizable continuum models (QM/PCMs). A translational term was incorporated that included free-volume compensation for the Sackur-Tetrode equation and a rotational term was modeled based on the restricted rotation of a dipole in an electrostatic field. The configuration term for the solute at a given concentration was calculated using a simple lattice model that considered the number of configurations of the solute within the lattice. The configurational entropy was ascertained from this number based on Boltzmann's principle. Standard entropy values were determined for 41 combinations of solutes and solvents at a set concentration of 1 mol dm-3 using the proposed model, and the computational values were compared with experimental data. QM/PCM calculations were conducted at the ωB97X-D/6-311++G(d,p)/IEF-PCM level using universal force field van der Waals radii scaled by 1.2. The proposed model accurately reproduced the entropy values reported for solutes in non-aqueous solvents within a mean absolute deviation of 9.2 J mol-1 K-1 for 33 solutions. This performance represents a considerable improvement relative to that obtained using the method based on the ideal gas treatment that is widely utilized in commercially available computation packages. In contrast, computations for aqueous molecules overestimated the entropies because hydrophobic effects that decrease the entropy of aqueous solutions were not included in the present model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ichiro Izato
- Graduate School of Information and Environment Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Akira Matsugi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Sciences and Technology, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Koshi
- Professor Emeritus, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Atsumi Miyake
- Graduate School of Information and Environment Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
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124
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Oliveira MP, Hünenberger PH. Influence of the Lennard-Jones Combination Rules on the Simulated Properties of Organic Liquids at Optimal Force-Field Parametrization. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:2048-2063. [PMID: 36920838 PMCID: PMC10100539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c01170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
We recently introduced the CombiFF scheme [Oliveira et al., J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2020, 16, 7525], an approach for the automated refinement of force-field parameters against experimental condensed-phase data for large compound families. Using this scheme, once the time-consuming task of target-data selection and curation has been performed, the force-field optimization itself is both straightforward and fast. As a result, CombiFF provides an ideal framework for evaluating the influence of functional-form decisions on the accuracy of a force field at an optimal level of parametrization. We already used this approach to assess the effect of using an all-atom representation compared to united-atom representations in the force field [Oliveira et al., J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2022, 18, 6757]. Here, CombiFF is applied to assess the effect of three Lennard-Jones combination rules, geometric-mean (GM), Lorentz-Berthelot (LB), or Waldman-Hagler (WH), on the simulated properties of organic liquids. The comparison is performed in terms of the experimental liquid density ρliq, vaporization enthalpy ΔHvap, surface-tension coefficient γ, static relative dielectric permittivity ϵ, and self-diffusion coefficient D. The calibrations of the three force-field variants are carried out independently against 2044 experimental values for ρliq, and ΔHvap concerning 1516 compounds. The resulting root-mean-square deviations from experiment are 30.0, 26.9, and 36.7 kg m-3 for ρliq and 2.8, 2.8, and 2.9 kJ mol-1 for ΔHvap, when applying the GM, LB, and WH combination rules, respectively. In terms of these (and the other) properties, the three combination rules perform comparatively well, with the GM and LB results being more similar to each other and slightly more accurate compared to experiment. In contrast, the use of distinct combination rules for the parameter calibration and property calculation leads to much larger errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina P Oliveira
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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125
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Saeki S. Empirical determination of the internal energy of polyethylene based on the pressure-volume-temperature-entropy equation of state. II. The revised internal energy based on the zero Kelvin isotherm. J MACROMOL SCI B 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2023.2187134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Saeki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Fukui, Fukui 910, Japan
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126
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Rai PK, Kumar P. Accurate determination of reaction energetics and kinetics of the HO 2˙ + O 3 → OH˙ + 2O 2 reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:8153-8160. [PMID: 36877131 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00135k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we have studied the HO2˙ + O3 → HO˙ + 2O2 reaction using chemical kinetics and quantum chemical calculations. We have employed the post-CCSD(T) method to estimate the barrier height and reaction energy for the title reaction. In the post-CCSD(T) method, we have included zero point energy corrections, contributions from full triple excitations and partial quadratic excitations at the coupled-cluster level, and core corrections. We have also computed the reaction rate in the temperature range of 197-450 K and found good agreement with all the available experimental results. In addition, we have also fitted the computed rate constants with the Arrhenius expression and obtained an activation energy of 1.0 ± 0.1 kcal mol-1, almost identical to the value recommended by IUPAC and JPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philips Kumar Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, India.
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, India.
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127
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Chaban VV, Andreeva NA, Bernard FL, M Dos Santos L, Einloft S. Chemical similarity of dialkyl carbonates and carbon dioxide opens an avenue for novel greenhouse gas scavengers: cheap recycling and low volatility via experiments and simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:9320-9335. [PMID: 36920377 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp06089b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Global warming linked to the industrial emissions of greenhouse gases may be the end of mankind unless it is adequately and timely handled. To prevent irreversible changes to the climate of the Earth, numerous research groups are striving to develop robust CO2 sorbents. Dialkyl carbonates (DACs) and CO2 exhibit obvious chemical similarities in their structure and properties. The degrees of oxidation of all atoms composing DACs and CO2 are identical resulting in very similar nucleophilicities and electrophilicities of all interaction centers. While both compounds possess relatively high partial atomic charges on their polar moieties, the molecular geometries prevent tight binding of the head groups. The computed DAC-DAC binding energies are ∼40 kJ mol-1, whereas the effect of the alkyl chain length is marginal. The phase transition points and shear viscosities of DACs are very low. We herein hypothesize and numerically rationalize that DACs represent noteworthy physical sorbents for CO2 thanks to the similar sorbent-CO2 and sorbent-sorbent interaction energies. By reporting in silico-derived sorption thermodynamics at various conditions, spectral and structural properties, and experimentally derived CO2 capacities and recyclabilities, we highlight the mutual affinity of DACs and CO2. Indeed, the experimentally determined CO2 sorption capacity of 0.88 mol% (diethyl carbonate) at 278.15 K and 30 bar is competitive. The unprecedentedly low DAC-CO2 binding energies, ∼14 kJ mol-1, suggest a low-cost desorption process and outstanding recyclability of the sorbent. We also note that DACs possessing long alkyl chains (butyl, hexyl, octyl) exhibit negligible volatilities, while preserving the liquid aggregate state over a practically important temperature range. The reported results may foster the development of a new class of CO2 scavengers with possibly quite peculiar characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadezhda A Andreeva
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation.,School of Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Brazil
| | - Franciele L Bernard
- School of Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Brazil
| | - Leonardo M Dos Santos
- School of Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Brazil
| | - Sandra Einloft
- School of Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program in Materials Engineering and Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Brazil
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128
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Fahrenhorst-Jones T, Marshall DL, Burns JM, Pierens GK, Hormann RE, Fisher AM, Bernhardt PV, Blanksby SJ, Savage GP, Eaton PE, Williams CM. 1-Azahomocubane. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2821-2825. [PMID: 36937576 PMCID: PMC10016339 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00001j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly strained cage hydrocarbons have long stood as fundamental molecules to explore the limits of chemical stability and reactivity, probe physical properties, and more recently as bioactive molecules and in materials discovery. Interestingly, the nitrogenous congeners have attracted much less attention. Previously absent from the literature, azahomocubanes, offer an opportunity to investigate the effects of a nitrogen atom when incorporated into a highly constrained polycyclic environment. Herein disclosed is the synthesis of 1-azahomocubane, accompanied by comprehensive structural characterization, physical property analysis and chemical reactivity. These data support the conclusion that nitrogen is remarkably well tolerated in a highly strained environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Fahrenhorst-Jones
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Queensland Australia
| | - David L Marshall
- Central Analytical Research Facility and School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology Brisbane 4000 Queensland Australia
| | - Jed M Burns
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Queensland Australia
| | - Gregory K Pierens
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Queensland Australia
| | - Robert E Hormann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA
| | - Allison M Fisher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA
| | - Paul V Bernhardt
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Queensland Australia
| | - Stephen J Blanksby
- Central Analytical Research Facility and School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology Brisbane 4000 Queensland Australia
| | - G Paul Savage
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Ian Wark Laboratory Melbourne 3168 Victoria Australia
| | - Philip E Eaton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA
| | - Craig M Williams
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Queensland Australia
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129
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Mao X, Chen H, Wang Y, Zhu X, Yang G. Study on Benzylamine(BZA) and Aminoethylpiperazine(AEP) Mixed Absorbent on Ship-Based Carbon Capture. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062661. [PMID: 36985632 PMCID: PMC10056138 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
To find suitable absorbents for ship-based carbon capture, the absorption and desorption properties of four mixed aqueous amines based on BZA were investigated, and the results indicated that BZA-AEP had the best absorption and desorption performance. Then, the absorption and desorption properties of different mole ratios of BZA-AEP were tested. The results showed that the average CO2 absorption rate had the highest value at the mole ratio of BZA to AEP of three. The average CO2 desorption rate had the maximum value at the mole ratio of BZA to AEP of one. Three fitted models of the absorption and desorption performance of BZA-AEP based on the test data were obtained. The p-values of all three models were less than 0.0001. Considering the performance and material cost, the BZA-AEP mole ratio of 1.5 is more appropriate for ship carbon capture. Compared with MEA, the average CO2 absorption rate increased by 48%, the CO2 desorption capacity increased by 120%, and the average CO2 desorption rate increased by 161%.
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130
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Dhabal D, Molinero V. Kinetics and Mechanisms of Pressure-Induced Ice Amorphization and Polyamorphic Transitions in a Machine-Learned Coarse-Grained Water Model. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:2847-2862. [PMID: 36920450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Water glasses have attracted considerable attention due to their potential connection to a liquid-liquid transition in supercooled water. Here we use molecular simulations to investigate the formation and phase behavior of water glasses using the machine-learned bond-order parameter (ML-BOP) water model. We produce glasses through hyperquenching of water, pressure-induced amorphization (PIA) of ice, and pressure-induced polyamorphic transformations. We find that PIA of polycrystalline ice occurs at a lower pressure than that of monocrystalline ice and through a different mechanism. The temperature dependence of the amorphization pressure of polycrystalline ice for ML-BOP agrees with that in experiments. We also find that ML-BOP accurately reproduces the density, coordination number, and structural features of low-density (LDA), high-density (HDA), and very high-density (VHDA) amorphous water glasses. ML-BOP accurately reproduces the experimental radial distribution function of LDA but overpredicts the minimum between the first two shells in high-density glasses. We examine the kinetics and mechanism of the transformation between low-density and high-density glasses and find that the sharp nature of these transitions in ML-BOP is similar to that in experiments and all-atom water models with a liquid-liquid transition. Transitions between ML-BOP glasses occur through a spinodal-like mechanism, similar to ice crystallization from LDA. Both glass-to-glass and glass-to-ice transformations have Avrami-Kolmogorov kinetics with exponent n = 1.5 ± 0.2 in experiments and simulations. Importantly, ML-BOP reproduces the competition between crystallization and HDA→LDA transition above the glass transition temperature Tg, and separation of their time scales below Tg, observed also in experiments. These findings demonstrate the ability of ML-BOP to accurately reproduce water properties across various regimes, making it a promising model for addressing the competition between polyamorphic transitions and crystallization in water and solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debdas Dhabal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, United States
| | - Valeria Molinero
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, United States
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131
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Zelencova-Gopejenko D, Videja M, Grandane A, Pudnika-Okinčica L, Sipola A, Vilks K, Dambrova M, Jaudzems K, Liepinsh E. Heart-Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein Binds Long-Chain Acylcarnitines and Protects against Lipotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065528. [PMID: 36982599 PMCID: PMC10058761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart-type fatty-acid binding protein (FABP3) is an essential cytosolic lipid transport protein found in cardiomyocytes. FABP3 binds fatty acids (FAs) reversibly and with high affinity. Acylcarnitines (ACs) are an esterified form of FAs that play an important role in cellular energy metabolism. However, an increased concentration of ACs can exert detrimental effects on cardiac mitochondria and lead to severe cardiac damage. In the present study, we evaluated the ability of FABP3 to bind long-chain ACs (LCACs) and protect cells from their harmful effects. We characterized the novel binding mechanism between FABP3 and LCACs by a cytotoxicity assay, nuclear magnetic resonance, and isothermal titration calorimetry. Our data demonstrate that FABP3 is capable of binding both FAs and LCACs as well as decreasing the cytotoxicity of LCACs. Our findings reveal that LCACs and FAs compete for the binding site of FABP3. Thus, the protective mechanism of FABP3 is found to be concentration dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Zelencova-Gopejenko
- Department of Physical Organic Chemistry, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Paula Valdena 3, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
- Correspondence:
| | - Melita Videja
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Rīga Stradinš University, Dzirciema 16, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Aiga Grandane
- Organic Synthesis Group, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Linda Pudnika-Okinčica
- Organic Synthesis Group, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Anda Sipola
- Laboratory of Membrane Active Compounds and β-Diketones, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Karlis Vilks
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Maija Dambrova
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Rīga Stradinš University, Dzirciema 16, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Kristaps Jaudzems
- Department of Physical Organic Chemistry, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Edgars Liepinsh
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
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132
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Cobos CJ, Tellbach E, Sölter L, Troe J. Practical Aspects of Thermal Dissociation and Recombination Reactions: the Reaction Systems CF
3
X(+M)↔CF
3
+X (+M) with X=F, Cl, Br, and I. Isr J Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202300006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Jorge Cobos
- INIFTA Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata CONICET La Plata Argentina
| | - Elsa Tellbach
- Max-Planck-Institut für Multidisziplinäre Naturwissenschaften Am Fassberg 11 D-37077 Göttingen Germany
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Universität Göttingen Tammannstr. 6 D-37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Lars Sölter
- Max-Planck-Institut für Multidisziplinäre Naturwissenschaften Am Fassberg 11 D-37077 Göttingen Germany
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Universität Göttingen Tammannstr. 6 D-37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Jürgen Troe
- Max-Planck-Institut für Multidisziplinäre Naturwissenschaften Am Fassberg 11 D-37077 Göttingen Germany
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Universität Göttingen Tammannstr. 6 D-37077 Göttingen Germany
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133
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Joshi PR, Tsuge M, Tseng CY, Lee YP. Infrared spectra of isoquinolinium (iso-C 9H 7NH +) and isoquinolinyl radicals (iso-C 9H 7NH and 1-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7- and 8-iso-HC 9H 7N) isolated in solid para-hydrogen. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:11934-11950. [PMID: 36916330 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00246b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Protonated polycyclic aromatic nitrogen heterocycles (H+PANH) are prospective candidates that may contribute to interstellar unidentified infrared (UIR) emission bands because protonation enhances the relative intensities of the bands near 6.2, 7.7 and 8.6 μm, and the presence of the N atom induces a blue shift of the ring-stretching modes so that the spectra of H+PANH match better with the 6.2 μm feature in class-A UIR spectra. We report the infrared (IR) spectra of protonated isoquinoline (the 2-isoquinolinium cation, iso-C9H7NH+), its neutral counterpart (the 2-isoquinolinyl radical, iso-C9H7NH), and another mono-hydrogenated product (the 6-isoquinolinyl radical, 6-iso-HC9H7N), produced on the electron-bombardment of a mixture of isoquinoline (iso-C9H7N) with excess para-hydrogen (p-H2) during matrix deposition at 3.2 K. To generate additional isomers of hydrogenated isoquinoline, we irradiated iso-C9H7N/Cl2/p-H2 matrices at 365 nm to generate Cl atoms, followed by IR irradiation to generate H atoms via Cl + H2 (v = 1) → HCl + H; the H atoms thus generated reacted with iso-C9H7N. In addition to iso-C9H7NH and 6-iso-HC9H7N observed in the electron-bombardment experiments, we identified six additional hydrogenated isoquinoline species, 1-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 7- and 8-iso-HC9H7N, via their IR spectra; hydrogenation on the N atom and all available carbon atoms except for the two sharing carbon atoms on the fused ring was observed. Spectral groupings were achieved according to their behaviors after maintenance of the matrix in darkness and on secondary photolysis at various wavelengths. The assignments were supported via comparison of the experimental results with the vibrational wavenumbers and IR intensities of possible isomers predicted using the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) method. The implications in the identification of the UIR band are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad Ramesh Joshi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan.
| | - Masashi Tsuge
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan.
| | - Chih-Yu Tseng
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Pern Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan. .,Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan.
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134
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Hammer M, Bauer G, Stierle R, Gross J, Wilhelmsen Ø. Classical density functional theory for interfacial properties of hydrogen, helium, deuterium, neon, and their mixtures. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:104107. [PMID: 36922124 DOI: 10.1063/5.0137226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a classical density functional theory (DFT) for fluid mixtures that is based on a third-order thermodynamic perturbation theory of Feynman-Hibbs-corrected Mie potentials. The DFT is developed to study the interfacial properties of hydrogen, helium, neon, deuterium, and their mixtures, i.e., fluids that are strongly influenced by quantum effects at low temperatures. White Bear fundamental measure theory is used for the hard-sphere contribution of the Helmholtz energy functional, and a weighted density approximation is used for the dispersion contribution. For mixtures, a contribution is included to account for non-additivity in the Lorentz-Berthelot combination rule. Predictions of the radial distribution function from DFT are in excellent agreement with results from molecular simulations, both for pure components and mixtures. Above the normal boiling point and 5% below the critical temperature, the DFT yields surface tensions of neon, hydrogen, and deuterium with average deviations from experiments of 7.5%, 4.4%, and 1.8%, respectively. The surface tensions of hydrogen/deuterium, para-hydrogen/helium, deuterium/helium, and hydrogen/neon mixtures are reproduced with a mean absolute error of 5.4%, 8.1%, 1.3%, and 7.5%, respectively. The surface tensions are predicted with an excellent accuracy at temperatures above 20 K. The poor accuracy below 20 K is due to the inability of Feynman-Hibbs-corrected Mie potentials to represent the real fluid behavior at these conditions, motivating the development of new intermolecular potentials. This DFT can be leveraged in the future to study confined fluids and assess the performance of porous materials for hydrogen storage and transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Hammer
- Porelab, Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Gernot Bauer
- Institute of Thermodynamics and Thermal Process Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 9, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Rolf Stierle
- Institute of Thermodynamics and Thermal Process Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 9, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joachim Gross
- Institute of Thermodynamics and Thermal Process Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 9, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Øivind Wilhelmsen
- Porelab, Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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135
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Shan YD, Wu SH, Wang YL, Wang C, Zhi SQ, Liu Y, Han X. Selective Oxidation of Cyclohexane to Cyclohexanol/Cyclohexanone by Surface Peroxo Species on Cu-Mesoporous TiO 2. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:4872-4882. [PMID: 36916853 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Selective oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanol/cyclohexanone (KA-oil) is an important chemical process, which is still constrained by low conversion and selectivity and high energy consumption. In this study, Cu-doped mesoporous TiO2 (Cu-MT) has been successfully synthesized via calcinating MIL-125(Ti) doped with copper acetylacetonate, which shows high reactivity in selective oxidation of cyclohexane to KA-oil by persulfate (PS) with the desirable cyclohexane conversion of 16.8% and a selectivity of 98.0% under mild conditions and the low ratio of PS/cyclohexane of 1:1. A series of characterizations and density functional theory calculations reveal that the doped Cu(I,II) on Cu-MT is the reactive site for non-radical activation of PS with the moderate elongation of the O-O bond in PS, which then abstracts 1H (1H+ + 1e-) from cyclohexane to form Cy• and eventually KA-oil. This study gives new insight on the importance of moderately activated PS in selective oxidation of C-H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Dong Shan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety and Equipment Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Song-Hai Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety and Equipment Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Le Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety and Equipment Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- Heibei Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control Technology, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Langfang, Hebei 065201, China
| | - Shao-Qi Zhi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety and Equipment Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P.R. China
| | - Xu Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety and Equipment Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
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136
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McNaughton AD, Joshi RP, Knutson CR, Fnu A, Luebke KJ, Malerich JP, Madrid PB, Kumar N. Machine Learning Models for Predicting Molecular UV-Vis Spectra with Quantum Mechanical Properties. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:1462-1471. [PMID: 36847578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c01662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Accurate understanding of ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectra is critical for the high-throughput synthesis of compounds for drug discovery. Experimentally determining UV-vis spectra can become expensive when dealing with a large quantity of novel compounds. This provides us an opportunity to drive computational advances in molecular property predictions using quantum mechanics and machine learning methods. In this work, we use both quantum mechanically (QM) predicted and experimentally measured UV-vis spectra as input to devise four different machine learning architectures, UVvis-SchNet, UVvis-DTNN, UVvis-Transformer, and UVvis-MPNN, and assess the performance of each method. We find that the UVvis-MPNN model outperforms the other models when using optimized 3D coordinates and QM predicted spectra as input features. This model has the highest performance for predicting UV-vis spectra with a training RMSE of 0.06 and validation RMSE of 0.08. Most importantly, our model can be used for the challenging task of predicting differences in the UV-vis spectral signatures of regioisomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D McNaughton
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Rajendra P Joshi
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Carter R Knutson
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Anubhav Fnu
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Kevin J Luebke
- SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Avenue, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Jeremiah P Malerich
- SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Avenue, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Peter B Madrid
- SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Avenue, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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137
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Chappuis F, Grilj V, Tran HN, Zein SA, Bochud F, Bailat C, Incerti S, Desorgher L. Modeling of scavenging systems in water radiolysis with Geant4-DNA. Phys Med 2023; 108:102549. [PMID: 36921424 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2023.102549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper presents the capabilities of the Geant4-DNA Monte Carlo toolkit to simulate water radiolysis with scavengers using the step-by-step (SBS) or the independent reaction times (IRT) methods. It features two examples of application areas: (1) computing the escape yield of H2O2 following a 60Co γ-irradiation and (2) computing the oxygen depletion in water irradiated with 1 MeV electrons. METHODS To ease the implementation of the chemical stage in Geant4-DNA, we developed a user interface that helps define the chemical reactions and set the concentration of scavengers. The first application area example required two computational steps to perform water radiolysis using NO2- and NO3- as scavengers and a 60Co irradiation. The oxygen depletion computation technique for the second application area example consisted of simulating track segments of 1 MeV electrons and determining the radio-induced loss and gain of oxygen molecules. RESULTS The production of H2O2 under variable scavenging levels is consistent with the literature; the mean relative difference between the SBS and IRT methods is 7.2 % ± 0.5 %. For the oxygen depletion 1 µs post-irradiation, the mean relative difference between both methods is equal to 9.8 % ± 0.3 %. The results in the microsecond scale depend on the initial partial pressure of oxygen in water. In addition, the computed oxygen depletions agree well with the literature. CONCLUSIONS The Geant4-DNA toolkit makes it possible to simulate water radiolysis in the presence of scavengers. This feature offers perspectives in radiobiology, with the possibility of simulating cell-relevant scavenging mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flore Chappuis
- Institute of Radiation Physics (IRA), Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CH-1007 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Veljko Grilj
- Institute of Radiation Physics (IRA), Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CH-1007 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hoang Ngoc Tran
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, LP2I Bordeaux, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Sara A Zein
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, LP2I Bordeaux, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - François Bochud
- Institute of Radiation Physics (IRA), Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CH-1007 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claude Bailat
- Institute of Radiation Physics (IRA), Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CH-1007 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Incerti
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, LP2I Bordeaux, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Laurent Desorgher
- Institute of Radiation Physics (IRA), Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CH-1007 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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138
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Liu J, Yang Y, Shi W, Yu ZX. Metalla-Claisen Rearrangement in Gold-Catalyzed [4+2] Reaction: A New Elementary Reaction Suggested for Future Reaction Design. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217654. [PMID: 36598873 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We report here computational evidence for a metalla-Claisen rearrangement (MCR) in the case of gold-catalyzed [4+2] cycloaddition reaction of yne-dienes. The [4+2] reaction starts from exo cyclopropanation, followed by MCR and reductive elimination. The cyclopropane moiety formed in the first step is crucial for a low barrier of the MCR step. In addition, the importance of an appropriate combination of the tether group and the terminal substituent on alkyne in the yne-diene substrates was studied. The mechanism of rhodium-catalyzed [4+2] reaction of yne-dienes was also investigated to see whether an MCR mechanism is involved or not. The findings and new understanding hereby reported represent an important advance in the catalysis field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Yusheng Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Weiming Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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139
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Gao P, Xu J, Zhou T, Liu Y, Bisz E, Dziuk B, Lalancette R, Szostak R, Zhang D, Szostak M. L-Shaped Heterobidentate Imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-ylidene (N,C)-Ligands for Oxidant-Free Au I /Au III Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218427. [PMID: 36696514 PMCID: PMC9992098 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, major advances have been made in homogeneous gold catalysis. However, AuI /AuIII catalytic cycle remains much less explored due to the reluctance of AuI to undergo oxidative addition and the stability of the AuIII intermediate. Herein, we report activation of aryl halides at gold(I) enabled by NHC (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene) ligands through the development of a new class of L-shaped heterobidentate ImPy (ImPy=imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-ylidene) N,C ligands that feature hemilabile character of the amino group in combination with strong σ-donation of the carbene center in a rigid conformation, imposed by the ligand architecture. Detailed characterization and control studies reveal key ligand features for AuI /AuIII redox cycle, wherein the hemilabile nitrogen is placed at the coordinating position of a rigid framework. Given the tremendous significance of homogeneous gold catalysis, we anticipate that this ligand platform will find widespread application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, 07102, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Jihong Xu
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, 250100, Jinan, China
| | - Tongliang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, 07102, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, 250100, Jinan, China
| | - Elwira Bisz
- Department of Chemistry, Opole University, 48 Oleska Street, 45-052, Opole, Poland
| | - Błażej Dziuk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology, Norwida 4/6, 50-373, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Roger Lalancette
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, 07102, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Roman Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dongju Zhang
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, 250100, Jinan, China
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, 07102, Newark, NJ, USA
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140
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Theoretical Study on the Gas-Phase and Aqueous Interface Reaction Mechanism of Criegee Intermediates with 2-Methylglyceric Acid and the Nucleation of Products. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065400. [PMID: 36982477 PMCID: PMC10049390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Criegee intermediates (CIs) are important in the sink of many atmospheric substances, including alcohols, organic acids, amines, etc. In this work, the density functional theory (DFT) method was used to calculate the energy barriers for the reactions of CH3CHOO with 2-methyl glyceric acid (MGA) and to evaluate the interaction of the three functional groups of MGA. The results show that the reactions involving the COOH group of MGA are negligibly affected, and that hydrogen bonding can affect the reactions involving α-OH and β-OH groups. The water molecule has a negative effect on the reactions of the COOH group. It decreases the energy barriers of reactions involving the α-OH and β-OH groups as a catalyst. The Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamic (BOMD) was applied to simulate the reactions of CH3CHOO with MGA at the gas-liquid interface. Water molecule plays the role of proton transfer in the reaction. Gas-phase calculations and gas-liquid interface simulations demonstrate that the reaction of CH3CHOO with the COOH group is the main pathway in the atmosphere. The molecular dynamic (MD) simulations suggest that the reaction products can form clusters in the atmosphere to participate in the formation of particles.
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141
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Blatz JM, Barrows P, Gribb T, Cech DM, Becerra G, Kile T, Jacobson CM, Jacobson L, Giffey J, Radel R. A Plasma-Window Enhanced Accelerator-Based Deuterium-Tritium Neutron Generator System. FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2023.2167458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Blatz
- SHINE Technologies, Fitchburg, Wisconsin 53714
| | - P. Barrows
- SHINE Technologies, Fitchburg, Wisconsin 53714
| | - T. Gribb
- SHINE Technologies, Fitchburg, Wisconsin 53714
| | - D. M. Cech
- SHINE Technologies, Fitchburg, Wisconsin 53714
| | - G. Becerra
- SHINE Technologies, Fitchburg, Wisconsin 53714
| | - T. Kile
- SHINE Technologies, Fitchburg, Wisconsin 53714
| | | | - L. Jacobson
- SHINE Technologies, Fitchburg, Wisconsin 53714
| | - J. Giffey
- SHINE Technologies, Fitchburg, Wisconsin 53714
| | - R. Radel
- SHINE Technologies, Fitchburg, Wisconsin 53714
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142
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Color-variable dual-dyed photodynamic antimicrobial polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/cotton blended fabrics. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023:10.1007/s43630-023-00398-1. [PMID: 36894800 PMCID: PMC9998264 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00398-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
The urgent demand for scalable, potent, color variable, and comfortable antimicrobial textiles as personal protection equipment (PPE) to help reduce infection transmission in hospitals and healthcare facilities has significantly increased since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we explored photodynamic antimicrobial polyethylene terephthalate/cotton (TC) blended fabrics comprised of photosensitizer-conjugated cotton fibers and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers dyed with disperse dyes. A small library of TC blended fabrics was constructed wherein the PET fibers were embedded with traditional disperse dyes dominating the fabric color, thereby enabling variable color expression, while the cotton fibers were covalently coupled with the photosensitizer thionine acetate as the microbicidal agent. Physical (SEM, CLSM, TGA, XPS and mechanical strength) and colorimetric (K/S and CIELab values) characterization methods were employed to investigate the resultant fabrics, and photooxidation studies with DPBF demonstrated the ability of these materials to generate reactive oxygen species (i.e., singlet oxygen) upon visible light illumination. The best results demonstrated a photodynamic inactivation of 99.985% (~ 3.82 log unit reduction, P = 0.0021) against Gram-positive S. aureus, and detection limit inactivation (99.99%, 4 log unit reduction, P ≤ 0.0001) against Gram-negative E. coli upon illumination with visible light (60 min; ~ 300 mW/cm2; λ ≥ 420 nm). Enveloped human coronavirus 229E showed a photodynamic susceptibility of ~ 99.99% inactivation after 60 min illumination (400-700 nm, 65 ± 5 mW/cm2). The presence of the disperse dyes on the fabrics showed no significant effects on the aPDI results, and furthermore, appeared to provide the photosensitizer with some measure of protection from photobleaching, thus improving the photostability of the dual-dyed fabrics. Taken together, these results suggest the feasibility of low cost, scalable and color variable thionine-conjugated TC blended fabrics as potent self-disinfecting textiles.
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143
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Positron Scattering from Pyrimidine. ATOMS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/atoms11030055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The positron impact cross-sections of pyrimidine molecules are reported from 1 eV to 5000 eV. These cross-sections include differential elastic, integral elastic, and direct ionisation. The elastic cross-sections are computed using the single-centre expansion scheme whereas the direct ionisation cross-sections are obtained using the binary-encounter-Bethe formula. The integral and differential cross-sections exhibit consistency with the experimental and other theoretical results. The direct ionisation cross-sections, which are reported for the first time, are compared with the experimental inelastic cross-sections (the sum of excitation and ionisation) to assess the trends in theoretically computed ionisation cross-sections and with the corresponding results for the electrons. The incoherently summed elastic and ionisation cross-sections match very well with the total cross-sections after 40 eV indicating the minimal impact of the positronium formation and electronic excitation processes. Based on this study, we recommend that the experimental data of the inelastic cross-sections reported by Palihawadana et al. be revisited.
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144
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Kim SE, Hong SC. Two Opposing Effects of Monovalent Cations on the Stability of i-Motif Structure. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:1932-1939. [PMID: 36811958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c07069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
At acidic pH, cytosine-rich single-stranded DNA can be folded into a tetraplex structure called i-motif (iM). In recent studies, the effect of monovalent cations on the stability of iM structure has been addressed, but a consensus about the issue has not been reached yet. Thus, we investigated the effects of various factors on the stability of iM structure using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based analysis for three types of iM derived from human telomere sequences. We confirmed that the protonated cytosine-cytosine (C:C+) base pair is destabilized as the concentration of monovalent cations (Li+, Na+, K+) increases and that Li+ has the greatest tendency of destabilization. Intriguingly, monovalent cations would play an ambivalent role in iM formation by making single-stranded DNA flexible and pliant for an iM structure. In particular, we found that Li+ has a notably greater flexibilizing effect than Na+ and K+. All taken together, we conclude that the stability of iM structure is controlled by the subtle balance of the two counteractive effects of monovalent cations: electrostatic screening and disruption of cytosine base pairing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Eun Kim
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Korea, Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Seok-Cheol Hong
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Korea, Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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145
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Wenny MB, Walter MV, Slavney AH, Mason JA. Generalizable Synthesis of Highly Fluorinated Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:2028-2033. [PMID: 36821528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c08374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The unique chemistry of fluorocarbons (in particular, their weak intermolecular interactions and high degree of intrinsic free volume) makes them promising building blocks for ionic liquids with high gas capacities. Here, we report a generalizable method for the synthesis of fluorinated ionic liquids, which relies on the evolution of gaseous byproducts to drive product formation. This synthetic strategy overcomes solubility challenges that can hinder the synthesis of highly fluorinated ionic liquids via conventional methods and enables a systematic investigation of the effect of fluorination on ionic liquid viscosity and gas solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malia B Wenny
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Miranda V Walter
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Adam H Slavney
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Jarad A Mason
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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146
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Kuroki N, Suzuki Y, Kodama D, Chowdhury FA, Yamada H, Mori H. Machine Learning-Boosted Design of Ionic Liquids for CO 2 Absorption and Experimental Verification. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:2022-2027. [PMID: 36827525 PMCID: PMC10009743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c07305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Efficient CO2 capture is indispensable for achieving a carbon-neutral society while maintaining a high quality of life. Since the discovery that ionic liquids (ILs; room-temperature molten salts) can absorb CO2, various solvents composed of molecular ions have been studied. However, it is challenging to observe the properties of each isolated ion component to control the function of ILs as they are mixtures of ions. Finding the optimal cation-anion combination for the CO2 absorbent from their enormous chemical space had been impossible in a practical sense. This study applied electronic structure informatics to explore ILs with high CO2 solubility from 402,114 IL candidates. The feature variables were determined by a set of cheap quantum chemistry calculations for isolated small-ion fragments, and the importance of molecular geometries and electronic states governing molecular interactions was identified via the wrapper method. As a result, it was clearly shown that the electronic states of ionic species must have essential roles in the CO2 physisorption capacity of ILs. Considering synthetic easiness for the candidates narrowed by the machine learning model, trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium perfluorooctanesulfonate was synthesized. Using a magnetic suspension balance, it was experimentally confirmed that this IL has higher CO2 solubility than trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide, which is the previous best IL for CO2 absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahoko Kuroki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency, ACT-X, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yuki Suzuki
- Department of Chemical Biology and Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Nihon University, 1 Nakagawara, Tokusada, Tamura-machi, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8642, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kodama
- Department of Chemical Biology and Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Nihon University, 1 Nakagawara, Tokusada, Tamura-machi, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8642, Japan
| | - Firoz Alam Chowdhury
- Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth, 9-2 Kizugawadai, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0292, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Yamada
- Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth, 9-2 Kizugawadai, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0292, Japan.,Frontier Science and Social Co-creation Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
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147
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Rehner P, Bauer G, Gross J. FeO s: An Open-Source Framework for Equations of State and Classical Density Functional Theory. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c04561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Rehner
- Energy and Process Systems Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Gernot Bauer
- Institute of Thermodynamics and Thermal Process Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 9, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Joachim Gross
- Institute of Thermodynamics and Thermal Process Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 9, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
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148
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Durán-Sampedro G, Xue EY, Moreno-Simoni M, Paramio C, Torres T, Ng DKP, de la Torre G. Glycosylated BODIPY- Incorporated Pt(II) Metallacycles for Targeted and Synergistic Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy. J Med Chem 2023; 66:3448-3459. [PMID: 36802644 PMCID: PMC10009748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Pt(II)-BODIPY complexes combine the chemotherapeutic activity of Pt(II) with the photocytotoxicity of BODIPYs. Additional conjugation with targeting ligands can boost the uptake by cancer cells that overexpress the corresponding receptors. We describe two Pt(II) triangles, 1 and 2, built with pyridyl BODIPYs functionalized with glucose (3) or triethylene glycol methyl ether (4), respectively. Both 1 and 2 showed higher singlet oxygen quantum yields than 3 and 4, due to the enhanced singlet-to-triplet intersystem crossing. To evaluate the targeting effect of the glycosylated derivative, in vitro experiments were performed using glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1)-positive HT29 and A549 cancer cells, and noncancerous HEK293 cells as control. Both 1 and 2 showed higher cellular uptake than 3 and 4. Specifically, 1 was selective and highly cytotoxic toward HT29 and A549 cells. The synergistic chemo- and photodynamic behavior of the metallacycles was also confirmed. Notably, 1 exhibited superior efficacy toward the cisplatin-resistant R-HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Durán-Sampedro
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Institute
for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Evelyn Y. Xue
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of
Hong Kong, Shatin,
N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Marta Moreno-Simoni
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Celia Paramio
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Institute
for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
- IMDEA
Nanociencia, C/Faraday
9, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of
Hong Kong, Shatin,
N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Gema de la Torre
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Institute
for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
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149
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Woods B, Thompson KC, Szita N, Chen S, Milanesi L, Tomas S. Confinement effect on hydrolysis in small lipid vesicles. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2616-2623. [PMID: 36908967 PMCID: PMC9993861 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05747f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In living organisms most chemical reactions take place within the confines of lipid-membrane bound compartments, while confinement within the bounds of a lipid membrane is thought to be a key step in abiogenesis. In previous work we demonstrated that confinement in the aqueous cavity of a lipid vesicle affords protection against hydrolysis, a phenomenon that we term here confinement effect (C e) and that we attributed to the interaction with the lipid membrane. Here, we show that both the size and the shape of the cavity of the vesicle modulate the C e. We link this observation to the packing of the lipid following changes in membrane curvature, and formulate a mathematical model that relates the C e to the radius of a spherical vesicle and the packing parameter of the lipids. These results suggest that the shape of the compartment where a molecule is located plays a major role in controlling the chemical reactivity of non-enzymatic reactions. Moreover, the mathematical treatment we propose offers a useful tool for the design of vesicles with predictable reaction rates of the confined molecules, e.g., drug delivery vesicles with confined prodrugs. The results also show that a crude form of signal transduction, devoid of complex biological machinery, can be achieved by any external stimuli that drastically changes the structure of the membrane, like the osmotic shocks used in the present work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Woods
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck, University of London Malet Street London WC1E 7HX UK
| | - Katherine C Thompson
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck, University of London Malet Street London WC1E 7HX UK
| | - Nicolas Szita
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Bernard Katz Building Gordon Street London WC1H 0AH UK
| | - Shu Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck, University of London Malet Street London WC1E 7HX UK
| | - Lilia Milanesi
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands Ctra. de Valldemossa, Km 7.5 07122 Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | - Salvador Tomas
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck, University of London Malet Street London WC1E 7HX UK.,Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands Ctra. de Valldemossa, Km 7.5 07122 Palma de Mallorca Spain
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150
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Zemánková A, Hassouna F, Klajmon M, Fulem M. Solid–Liquid Equilibrium in Co-Amorphous Systems: Experiment and Prediction. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062492. [PMID: 36985463 PMCID: PMC10052153 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, the solid–liquid equilibrium (SLE) of four binary systems combining two active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) capable of forming co-amorphous systems (CAMs) was investigated. The binary systems studied were naproxen-indomethacin, naproxen-ibuprofen, naproxen-probucol, and indomethacin-paracetamol. The SLE was experimentally determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The thermograms obtained revealed that all binary mixtures investigated form eutectic systems. Melting of the initial binary crystalline mixtures and subsequent quenching lead to the formation of CAM for all binary systems and most of the compositions studied. The experimentally obtained liquidus and eutectic temperatures were compared to theoretical predictions using the perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid theory (PC-SAFT) equation of state and conductor-like screening model for real solvents (COSMO-RS), as implemented in the Amsterdam Modeling Suite (COSMO-RS-AMS). On the basis of the obtained results, the ability of these models to predict the phase diagrams for the investigated API–API binary systems was evaluated. Furthermore, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of naproxen (NAP), a compound with a high tendency to recrystallize, whose literature values are considerably scattered, was newly determined by measuring and modeling the Tg values of binary mixtures in which amorphous NAP was stabilized. Based on this analysis, erroneous literature values were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alžběta Zemánková
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.Z.); (M.K.)
| | - Fatima Hassouna
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Klajmon
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.Z.); (M.K.)
| | - Michal Fulem
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.Z.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence:
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