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Eisenburger N, Friesen D, Haas F, Klaudius M, Schmidt L, Vandeven S, Joisten C. Short report: Weight management of children and adolescents with obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267601. [PMID: 35486630 PMCID: PMC9053772 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this analysis was to assess the effectiveness of a juvenile outpatient weight management program during the coronavirus pandemic in Germany, which was implemented digitally during the initial lockdown and thereafter under strict hygiene rules (e.g., adapted exercise sessions). Changes in body mass index standard deviation scores (BMI SDS), physical fitness, media consumption, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and social self-concept of 28 children and adolescents were compared to data of 30 participants before the pandemic. Adjusted mean changes from baseline to follow-up in BMI SDS (M = −0.07 ± 0.30), relative physical fitness (M = 0.0 ± 0.3 W/kg), media use (M = 0.5 ± 2.6 hours/day), HRQOL (M = −1.6 ± 15.3), and social self-concept (M = −3.8 ± 13.2) during the pandemic were not significantly different from those of the pre-pandemic participants (all p > 0.05). Therefore, the results suggest that an adjusted approach to weight management, which combined digital and adapted in-person components to meet hygiene requirements during the pandemic, was as effective as the pre-pandemic program. It could thus be a potential solution to ensure continuity of care for vulnerable children with obesity during the pandemic and the associated restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Eisenburger
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - David Friesen
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Fabiola Haas
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marlen Klaudius
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lisa Schmidt
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Susanne Vandeven
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christine Joisten
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
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152
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Bailey R, Scheuer C. The COVID-19 pandemic as a fortuitous disruptor in physical education: the case of active homework. AIMS Public Health 2022; 9:423-439. [PMID: 35634024 PMCID: PMC9114789 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2022029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Measures devised to contain the COVID-19, including isolation, social distancing, and quarantine, have profoundly affected people's lives around the world. One of the consequences of these actions has been a general reduction in the habitual daily physical activity among children and young people for whom schools represent the major setting for the promotion of sports, physically active play, movement skills learning, and other activity supportive of healthy, active lifestyles. Whilst acknowledging the seriousness of these changes, and their concomitant health risks, we suggest that COVID-19 offers an opportunity to think again about important features of school-based activity promotion in light of new lessons learnt during lockdown, emerging technologies, and adapted pedagogies. In these specific cases, COVID-19 could be judged a "fortuitous disruptor" to the extent that it has opened a window of opportunity to schools and teachers to reflect on their assumptions about the scope, content, and delivery of their curricula, and on the new professional knowledge that has emerged. Active Homework, or physical activity-related tasks assigned to students by teachers that are meant to be carried out before, after and away from school, that students can do on their own or with family members, is not a new idea, but the enforced changes to school provision have made it considerably more common since the pandemic. Perhaps Active Homework is a concept worth retaining as schools start to return to "normal"? We offer a typology of Active Homework, and examine opportunities to expand, extend, and enhance physical education and physical activity opportunities by breaking down the presumed boundary between school and home. In conclusion, we suggest that Active Homework is worth exploring as a potentially valuable approach to enhancing the quantity and quality of students' school-based health-related physical activity. If so, considerably more research and curriculum development is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Bailey
- Centre for Academic Partnerships and Engagement, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Claude Scheuer
- Institute for Teaching and Learning, Department of Education and Social Work, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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153
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Brand R, Nosrat S, Späth C, Timme S. Using COVID-19 Pandemic as a Prism: A Systematic Review of Methodological Approaches and the Quality of Empirical Studies on Physical Activity Behavior Change. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:864468. [PMID: 35529420 PMCID: PMC9069113 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.864468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of scientific endeavors. The goal of this systematic review is to evaluate the quality of the research on physical activity (PA) behavior change and its potential to contribute to policy-making processes in the early days of COVID-19 related restrictions. Methods We conducted a systematic review of methodological quality of current research according to PRISMA guidelines using Pubmed and Web of Science, of articles on PA behavior change that were published within 365 days after COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Items from the JBI checklist and the AXIS tool were used for additional risk of bias assessment. Evidence mapping is used for better visualization of the main results. Conclusions about the significance of published articles are based on hypotheses on PA behavior change in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results Among the 1,903 identified articles, there were 36% opinion pieces, 53% empirical studies, and 9% reviews. Of the 332 studies included in the systematic review, 213 used self-report measures to recollect prepandemic behavior in often small convenience samples. Most focused changes in PA volume, whereas changes in PA types were rarely measured. The majority had methodological reporting flaws. Few had very large samples with objective measures using repeated measure design (pre and during the pandemic). In addition to the expected decline in PA duration, these studies show that many of those who were active prepandemic, continued to be active during the pandemic. Conclusions Research responded quickly at the onset of the pandemic. However, most of the studies lacked robust methodology, and PA behavior change data lacked the accuracy needed to guide policy makers. To improve the field, we propose the implementation of longitudinal cohort studies by larger organizations such as WHO to ease access to data on PA behavior, and suggest those institutions set clear standards for this research. Researchers need to ensure a better fit between the measurement method and the construct being measured, and use both objective and subjective measures where appropriate to complement each other and provide a comprehensive picture of PA behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Brand
- Sport and Exercise Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Sanaz Nosrat
- Department of Health Sciences, Lehman College/City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Constantin Späth
- Sport and Exercise Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sinika Timme
- Sport and Exercise Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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154
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Changes in Motor Performance and BMI of Primary School Children over Time–Influence of the COVID-19 Confinement and Social Burden. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084565. [PMID: 35457432 PMCID: PMC9025743 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, physical inactivity and being overweight increased in children, especially those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Additionally, a decrease in motor performance has been increasingly reported; however, there is a lack of meaningful data on the relationship between these findings and socioeconomic status. Therefore, we examined the BMI, BMI z score, the prevalence of overweight/obesity, and motor performance (based on lateral jumping, the standing long jump, and the 6-min run) among three cohorts from timelines before (2016) and during the pandemic (2020, 2021), using a cohort sequential design. Our analysis revealed that all parameters examined showed a significant negative trend over time. For children with a low social burden, the trend was statistically detectable only for lateral jumping and the 6-min run. For children with a high social burden, the prevalence of overweight/obesity increased from 4.2% to 5.4% between 2016 and 2021. The prevalence of being underweight also increased from 3.4% to 4.3% during this time. Motor performance decreased from 11.3% to 12.3%, except in the standing long jump. Children with a high social burden showed significantly lower results (7.4% to 9.6%). Thus, our data confirm an increase in both measurements of overweight/obesity and underweight, as well as a decrease in motor performance under the pandemic conditions, especially in children from socioeconomically deprived backgrounds. These findings affirm the urgent need for action regarding health promotion measures, especially for children with high social burdens.
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155
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Kreski NT, Chen Q, Olfson M, Cerdá M, Martins SS, Mauro PM, Branas CC, Rajan S, Keyes KM. Experiences of Online Bullying and Offline Violence-Related Behaviors Among a Nationally Representative Sample of US Adolescents, 2011 to 2019. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2022; 92:376-386. [PMID: 35080013 PMCID: PMC9014809 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Being bullied online is associated with being bullied in school. However, links between online bullying and violence-related experiences are minimally understood. We evaluated potential disparities in these associations to illuminate opportunities to reduce school-based violence. METHODS We used five cohorts of Youth Risk Behavior Survey national cross-sectional data (2011-2019, Ntotal = 73 074). We used survey-weighted logistic and multinomial models to examine links between online bullying and five school-based violence-related experiences: offline bullying, weapon carrying, avoiding school due to feeling unsafe, being threatened/injured with a weapon, and physical fighting. We examined interactions by sex, race/ethnicity, and sexual identity. RESULTS Being bullied online was positively associated with all offline violence-related behaviors. Groups with stronger associations between online bullying and physical fighting, including boys, adolescents whose sexual identity was gay/lesbian or unsure, and many adolescents of color (Black, Hispanic/Latino, and Asian/Pacific Islander adolescents), had stronger associations between online bullying and either weapon carrying or avoiding school. CONCLUSIONS Online bullying is not an isolated harmful experience; many marginalized adolescents who experience online bullying are more likely to be targeted in school, feel unsafe, get in fights, and carry weapons. Reduction of online bullying should be prioritized as part of a comprehensive school-based violence prevention strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah T Kreski
- Data Analyst, , Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 733, New York, NY 10032
| | - Qixuan Chen
- Associate Professor, , Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 644, New York, NY 10032
| | - Mark Olfson
- Professor, , Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 644, New York, NY 10032; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1051 Riverside Drive, Box 24, New York, NY 10032
| | - Magdalena Cerdá
- Professor, , Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, 180 Madison Avenue 4-16, New York, NY 10016
| | - Silvia S Martins
- Professor, , Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, 5th Floor, Room 509, New York, NY 10032
| | - Pia M Mauro
- Assistant Professor, , Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 507, New York, NY 10032
| | - Charles C Branas
- Professor, , Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 1508, New York, NY 10032
| | - Sonali Rajan
- Associate Professor, , Department of Health and Behavior Studies, Teacher's College; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, #724, New York, NY, 10032
| | - Katherine M Keyes
- Professor, , Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, #724, New York, NY 10032
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156
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Daniels NF, Burrin C, Chan T, Fusco F. A Systematic Review of the Impact of the First Year of COVID-19 on Obesity Risk Factors: A Pandemic Fueling a Pandemic? Curr Dev Nutr 2022; 6:nzac011. [PMID: 35415391 PMCID: PMC8989548 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is increasingly prevalent worldwide. Associated risk factors, including depression, socioeconomic stress, poor diet, and lack of physical activity, have all been impacted by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This systematic review aims to explore the indirect effects of the first year of COVID-19 on obesity and its risk factors. A literature search of PubMed and EMBASE was performed from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2020 to identify relevant studies pertaining to the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (PROSPERO; CRD42020219433). All English-language studies on weight change and key obesity risk factors (psychosocial and socioeconomic health) during the COVID-19 pandemic were considered for inclusion. Of 805 full-text articles that were reviewed, 87 were included for analysis. The included studies observed increased food and alcohol consumption, increased sedentary time, worsening depressive symptoms, and increased financial stress. Overall, these results suggest that COVID-19 has exacerbated the current risk factors for obesity and is likely to worsen obesity rates in the near future. Future studies, and policy makers, will need to carefully consider their interdependency to develop effective interventions able to mitigate the obesity pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charlotte Burrin
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tianming Chan
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Fusco
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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157
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Effect of screen time intervention on obesity among children and adolescent: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. Prev Med 2022; 157:107014. [PMID: 35248682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have investigated the effect of screen time interventions on obesity in children and adolescents, but the existing results were controversial. This study aimed to analyze the effect of screen time intervention on obesity in children and adolescents. PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase databases were searched through December 2020 to identify publications meeting a priori inclusion criteria and references in the published articles were also reviewed. Finally, 14 randomized controlled trials and 1894 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that interventions targeting screen time are effective in reducing total screen time (MD: -6.90 h/week, 95% CI: [-9.19 to -4.60], p < 0.001) and television time (MD: -6.17 h/week, 95% CI: [-10.70 to -1.65], p < 0.001) in children and adolescents. However, there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in body mass index and body mass index-z score. In conclusion, there is no evidence that screen time interventions alone can decrease obesity risk in children and adolescents, though they can effectively reduce screen time.
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158
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Kushima M, Kojima R, Shinohara R, Horiuchi S, Otawa S, Ooka T, Akiyama Y, Miyake K, Yokomichi H, Yamagata Z. Association Between Screen Time Exposure in Children at 1 Year of Age and Autism Spectrum Disorder at 3 Years of Age: The Japan Environment and Children's Study. JAMA Pediatr 2022; 176:384-391. [PMID: 35099540 PMCID: PMC8804971 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.5778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE It is unclear to what extent the duration of screen time in infancy is associated with the subsequent diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between screen time in infancy and the development of autism spectrum disorder at 3 years of age. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study analyzed data from mother-child dyads in a large birth cohort in Japan. This study included children born to women recruited between January 2011 and March 2014, and data were analyzed in December 2020. The study was conducted by the Japan Environment and Children's Study Group in collaboration with 15 regional centers across Japan. EXPOSURES Screen time at 1 year of age. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The outcome variable, children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder at 3 years of age, was assessed using a questionnaire administered to mothers of the participating children. RESULTS A total of 84 030 mother-child dyads were analyzed. The prevalence of children with autism spectrum disorder at 3 years of age was 392 per 100 000 (0.4%), and boys were 3 times more likely to have been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder than were girls. Logistic regression analysis showed that among boys, when "no screen" was the reference, the adjusted odds ratios were as follows: less than 1 hour, odds ratio, 1.38 (95 % CI, 0.71-2.69; P = .35), 1 hour to less than 2 hours, odds ratio, 2.16 (95 % CI, 1.13-4.14; P = .02), 2 hours to less than 4 hours, odds ratio, 3.48 (95% CI, 1.83-6.65; P < .001), and more than 4 hours, odds ratio, 3.02 (95% CI, 1.44-6.34; P = .04). Among girls, however, there was no association between autism spectrum disorder and screen time. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among boys, longer screen time at 1 year of age was significantly associated with autism spectrum disorder at 3 years of age. With the rapid increase in device usage, it is necessary to review the health effects of screen time on infants and to control excessive screen time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Kushima
- Center for Birth Cohort Studies, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Reiji Kojima
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Ryoji Shinohara
- Center for Birth Cohort Studies, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Sayaka Horiuchi
- Center for Birth Cohort Studies, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Sanae Otawa
- Center for Birth Cohort Studies, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Tadao Ooka
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yuka Akiyama
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kunio Miyake
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokomichi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Zentaro Yamagata
- Center for Birth Cohort Studies, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan,Department of Health Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
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159
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Cauberghe V, De Jans S, Hudders L, Vanwesenbeeck I. Children's resilience during Covid-19 confinement. A child's perspective-Which general and media coping strategies are useful? JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 50:1503-1520. [PMID: 34656070 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study explored how children (9-13 years old) coped with the uncertain situation during the first Covid-19 confinement period (Spring 2020) and whether media helped them handle the situation. Based on a survey among 667 West-European (Belgian) children, we concluded that children used various strategies to cope with the situation. Seeking social support via social media and searching for distraction was applied by most children. Creating a comforting atmosphere was used by many, although not evaluated as an effective strategy. Whereas older children searched for Covid-19-related information, younger children indicated to avoid news media to regulate their emotions. The Covid-19 anxiety of parents in the confinement period impacted upon the general level of concerns of their children. The results offer policy recommendations on how to support children in handling the tensive Covid-19 situation, especially during lockdown periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verolien Cauberghe
- Department of Communication Studies, Ghent University-Campus Aula, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steffi De Jans
- Department of Communication Studies, Ghent University-Campus Aula, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Liselot Hudders
- Department of Communication Studies, Ghent University-Campus Aula, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ini Vanwesenbeeck
- Tillburg School of Humanities and Digital Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
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160
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Marckhoff M, Siebald M, Timmesfeld N, Janßen M, Romer G, Föcker M. COVID-19: Effects of Pandemic Related Restrictions on Physical Activity, Screen Time, and Mental Well-being in German adolescents. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER-UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2022; 50:313-326. [PMID: 35343802 DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic-related restrictions (PR) in April and May 2020 on physical activity (PA), sedentary screen time (SST), and mental well-being (MWB) in German adolescents, and to analyze associations between these variables. Methods: The Münster District Government invited all secondary school students (aged 11-17) in the region to take part in the online survey that assessed PA, SST, and MWB. For data analysis, we calculated descriptive statistics and ran linear regression analysis. Results: 1,038 students (627 [60.4%] female; 14.18 [± 1.97] years) were included in the analysis. During the PR, a marked decline in overall PA (p < .001) and a significant increase (p < .001) in SST were observed. One-third of the students reported worrying more and being less satisfied with their lives since PR. A decrease in life satisfaction (ß = -.524, p < .001) as well as an increase in general worrying (ß = -.336, p = .015) were associated with a decrease in PA during PR. Conclusion: The results show that the restrictions led to a decrease in physical activity, which may have detrimental effects on the students' mental and physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Milena Siebald
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Münster, Germany
| | - Nina Timmesfeld
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Marius Janßen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Münster, Germany
| | - Georg Romer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Münster, Germany
| | - Manuel Föcker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Münster, Germany
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161
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Moitra P, Madan J. Impact of screen time during COVID-19 on eating habits, physical activity, sleep, and depression symptoms: A cross-sectional study in Indian adolescents. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264951. [PMID: 35259203 PMCID: PMC8903250 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study attempted to address the limited knowledge regarding the impact of screen time (ST) on lifestyle behaviors in Indian adolescents during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The objectives were to 1) evaluate frequency and duration of using screens, and screen addiction behaviors in 10–15 years old adolescents in Mumbai during the COVID-19 pandemic and 2) examine the association of ST with lifestyle behaviors- eating habits, snacking patterns, physical activity (PA) levels, sleep quality and depression symptoms. Methods An online survey was completed between January and March 2021. Eating habits, snacking patterns, time spent in different screen-based activities, and screen addiction behaviors were reported. The PA levels, sleep quality, and depression symptoms were evaluated using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children/Adolescents (PAQ C/A), Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) respectively. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to determine the impact of ST on lifestyle behaviors. Results Adolescents (n = 1298, Mage 13.2(1.1), 53.3% boys) reported the mean weekday and weekend ST as 442.3 (201.5) minutes/d and 379.9 (178.2) minutes/d respectively. Overall, 33.4% spent > 6hours/d for studying or doing homework, 65.4% used social networking sites for at least 2–3 hours/d, and 70.7% agreed that ST had taken up the majority of their leisure time. Only 12% engaged in moderate to vigorous PA (PAQ C/A scores <2). More than half (52.5%) reported PSQI >5 indicating poor sleep quality and 8.6% scored ≥ 3 on PHQ-2 to suggest a risk of depression. A higher ST was associated with lower PA and increased sleep problems and a greater screen addiction was inversely associated with the eating habit, PA, and sleep-related variables. Conclusion The study draws attention to a high prevalence of excess ST and its impact on eating habits, PA levels, and sleep quality in Indian adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Targeted health promotion interventions that encourage judicious use of screens for education and entertainment and emphasize the adverse health effects of excess ST are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panchali Moitra
- Department of Food, Nutrition & Dietetics, Sir Vithaldas Thackersey College of Home Science (Autonomous), SNDT Women’s University, Santacruz West, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Jagmeet Madan
- Department of Food, Nutrition & Dietetics, Sir Vithaldas Thackersey College of Home Science (Autonomous), SNDT Women’s University, Santacruz West, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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162
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Matthews N, Mattingley JB, Dux PE. Media-multitasking and cognitive control across the lifespan. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4349. [PMID: 35288584 PMCID: PMC8919358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07777-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The exponential rise in technology use over the past decade, and particularly during the COIVD-19 pandemic, has been accompanied by growing concern regarding the consequences of this technology use for our cognition. Previous studies on the influence of technology-multitasking (the use of two or more technologies simultaneously) on cognitive performance have provided mixed results. However, these past studies have generally ignored the considerable developmental trajectories that cognitive abilities undergo across the lifespan. In a large community-based science project we investigated the relationship between media-multitasking and cognitive flexibility (multitasking ability) in participants aged 7–70 years. Higher levels of every-day technology multitasking were associated with higher levels of multitasking performance across an age range in which multitasking ability undergoes developmental change. These findings suggest that age is an important moderator of the relationship between technology use and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Matthews
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4066, Australia.
| | - J B Mattingley
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4066, Australia.,Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4066, Australia.,Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Toronto, Canada
| | - P E Dux
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4066, Australia
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163
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The Predictors of Psychological Well-Being in Lithuanian Adolescents after the Second Prolonged Lockdown Due to COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063360. [PMID: 35329053 PMCID: PMC8949903 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Recent research highlights the impact of prolonged pandemics and lockdown on the mental health of youngsters. The second wave of COVID-19 brought an increase in mental health problems among young people. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the main factors arising from intra-individual, inter-individual, and environmental contexts that predict good psychological well-being in a group of adolescents after a second prolonged period of social restrictions and distance education. The study included 1483 school students from 11 to 19 years old. The survey assessed self-reported students’ psychological well-being (WHO-5 index), physical activity, sedentary behavior, school social capital, communication with peers and relationships with parents, existing emotional and behavioral problems. The results indicated that 58% of adolescents were of good psychological well-being in spring 2021, after half a year in lockdown. Almost 19% of adolescents had depression risk. The study revealed that during a period of prolonged isolation, male gender, better relationships between young people and their parents, the absence of serious emotional and behavioral problems, less sedentary behavior, and higher school social capital were found to be significant factors predicting adolescents’ psychological well-being. Lower physical activity is an important contributor to students’ poor well-being. Finally, the lack of face-to-face communication with peers was revealed as a specific factor in predicting adolescents with depression risk.
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164
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Planinšec J, Matejek Č, Pišot S, Pišot R, Šimunič B. Consequences of COVID-19 Lockdown Restrictions on Children Physical Activity—A Slovenian Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:843448. [PMID: 35359773 PMCID: PMC8960434 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.843448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, countries took several restrictions to contain the spread of coronavirus. In the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, primary schools in Slovenia were closed for a period long time (from October 19th 2020 until January 18th 2021 when they were partially reopened for 6–9 year olds until February 15th 2021 when they were reopened for all children) and organized sport activities for children and adolescents under the age of 15 was not allowed during this period. The aim of the study was to examine how these restrictions were reflected in the amount of different forms of physical activity (PA) of 6–12-year old children (N = 3,936). Data were collected using an online questionnaire (International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form) comparing different forms of PA before (BEFORE) and during (DURING) remote schooling. The results show that there has been a decline in children's PA DURING, specifically, only 4.3% of children had their physical education ≥ 45 min (or 77.7% ≤ 30 min), as is the usual duration in Slovenia. There was also a remarkable decline in extracurricular sports activities (p < 0.001), which BEFORE had been participated by 72.2% of children, while DURING remote schooling, as many as 83.5% of children did not participate these activities. 69.7% of children participated in organized sports in clubs at least once a week, while DURING remote schooling, as many as 88.1% (p < 0.001) did not participate in such form of activities. Furthermore, the time spent exercising in moderate to vigorous PA also decreased (BEFORE 8.2% vs. DURING 24.9%; p < 0.001). We found that during lockdown there has been an alarming decrease in the frequency and duration of organized PA at school and at sports clubs. These findings are a good starting point for designing (developing) an effective strategy for promoting health-enhancing PA of children in the event of a future lockdown or similar situations. The strategy should focus on the appropriate implementation of PA curriculum and motivate young people to participate regularly in extracurricular organized and non-organized activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurij Planinšec
- Faculty of Education, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- *Correspondence: Jurij Planinšec
| | - Črtomir Matejek
- Faculty of Education, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Saša Pišot
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Rado Pišot
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan Šimunič
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia
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165
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Kuratsubo R, Kawabata M, Nakamura E, Yoshimoto M, Tsunoda S, Takazawa Y, Watanabe H. Lifestyle Changes and Baseball Activity among Youth Baseball Players before and during the First COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9030368. [PMID: 35327740 PMCID: PMC8947732 DOI: 10.3390/children9030368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to clarify the changes in lifestyle and baseball activity before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among youth baseball players. Participants were 99 youth baseball players (ages 9.6 ± 1.5 years, height 137.8 ± 9.4 cm, weight 35.3 ± 12.4 kg) in Japan. They completed an online survey between April 6 and 20, 2021, on their demographic characteristics, lifestyle (recreational screen, sleep, and study times), and baseball activity (frequency of team practice time and voluntary exercise-related baseball) at two-time points: before the pandemic (before March 2020) and during the state of emergency declared in Japan (from April to May 2020). The changes in outcomes between the two-time points were evaluated for significance. Recreational screen time and sleeping time during the state of emergency were significantly increased compared to those before the pandemic (p < 0.001). The frequency of team practice time on weekends during the state of emergency was significantly reduced, and voluntary exercise-related baseball was significantly increased compared to that before the pandemic (p < 0.01). We found that the COVID-19 pandemic changed behaviors concerning activities and exercise among youth baseball players and recommended that such behavioral changes be carefully monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Kuratsubo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kitasato Institute Hospital, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan; or
- Department of Sports Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
| | - Masashi Kawabata
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-42-778-9968
| | - Emi Nakamura
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
| | - Masumi Yoshimoto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo 170-8445, Japan;
| | - Satoshi Tsunoda
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shonan Fujisawa Tokushukai Hospital, Fujisawa 251-0041, Japan;
| | - Yuji Takazawa
- Department of Sports Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan;
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166
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Sum KK, Cai S, Law E, Cheon B, Tan G, Loo E, Lee YS, Yap F, Chan JKY, Daniel M, Chong YS, Meaney M, Eriksson J, Huang J. COVID-19-Related Life Experiences, Outdoor Play, and Long-term Adiposity Changes Among Preschool- and School-Aged Children in Singapore 1 Year After Lockdown. JAMA Pediatr 2022; 176:280-289. [PMID: 35072692 PMCID: PMC8787686 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.5585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Despite the potential for COVID-19 infection control-related events to have an effect on child well-being, comprehensive assessments of postlockdown changes and persistent outcomes are lacking. OBJECTIVE To survey the extent of COVID-19 lockdown-related lifestyle changes, their differences by child age and family socioeconomic status, and the potential association with child adiposity 1 year after lockdown. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A self-administered, electronic survey was introduced to 2 ongoing child cohorts (the Singapore Preconception Study of Long-term Maternal and Child Outcomes [S-PRESTO] cohort of preschool children aged 1-4.5 years and the Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes [GUSTO] cohort of primary school children aged 9-10.7 years) from July 8, 2020, to September 5, 2020, which was 1 to 3 months after the end of strict universal movement restrictions (duration of 73 days ending on June 19, 2020). All active participants from S-PRESTO and GUSTO, 2 population-based, longitudinal, parent-offspring cohorts in Singapore, were invited to participate and monitored through June 15, 2021. EXPOSURES Exposures included family income before and after the COVID-19 lockdown, changes in child outdoor play or exercise, and COVID-19-related life events; all data were self-reported by parents and school-aged children 1 to 3 months after the lockdown. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Primary outcomes were self-reported COVID-19-related life events and changes in child online socialization, outdoor play or exercise, and intrafamily relationships. Study staff measured children's weight, height, and skinfold thickness before and up to 1 year after lockdown. Body mass indices (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) and World Health Organization-standardized scores were computed. Differences before and after lockdown were compared using baseline-adjusted linear regression. RESULTS A total of 604 parents (53% of active cohort participants) and 356 school-aged children completed the survey and were similar to source cohorts. This represents 373 of 761 eligible children in the GUSTO cohort (mean [SD] age, 9.9 [0.4] years; 197 girls [52.8%]) and 231 of 370 eligible children in the S-PRESTO cohort (mean [SD] age, 2.6 [0.8] years; 121 boys [52.6%]). The COVID-19-related life changes were prevalent and varied (eg, 414 of 600 children [69.0%] reported changes in social activities). More than one-third of primary school-aged children (122 of 356 [34.3%]) and one-quarter of preschool-aged children (56 of 229 [24.5%]) eliminated any outdoor play after the lockdown. Lower family income before the lockdown was associated with increased odds of elimination of outdoor play (adjusted odds ratio per 1000 Singapore dollars [$730 US dollars] decrease, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01-1.19). Complete elimination of outdoor activity (vs continued outdoor activity) was associated with an increase in body mass index of 0.48 (95% CI, 0.03-0.94) and a body mass index z score of 0.18 units (95% CI, 0-0.37) in school-aged children approximately 1 year after lockdown. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Results of this cohort study suggest that 1 to 3 months after a brief, strict lockdown, a large proportion of parents and school-aged children reported elimination of outdoor play, which was more prevalent in lower-income families. Future research to better understand clinical implications and ways to mitigate lockdown outcomes is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Kei Sum
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Shirong Cai
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Evelyn Law
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore,Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bobby Cheon
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore,School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | | | - Evelyn Loo
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore,Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yung Seng Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabian Yap
- KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Mary Daniel
- KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Johan Eriksson
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jonathan Huang
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
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167
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Jarský V, Palátová P, Riedl M, Zahradník D, Rinn R, Hochmalová M. Forest Attendance in the Times of COVID-19-A Case Study on the Example of the Czech Republic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052529. [PMID: 35270222 PMCID: PMC8909629 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic affected people all over the world, including the Czech Republic (CZ). In the CZ, a number of measures were applied in 2020 to reduce the contact between people and their mobility. This article dealt with the importance of forests during the pandemic. Data from 2019 and 2020 were compared. The qualitative data were obtained from two nationwide surveys, the first focused on forest attendance and forest fruit collection (about 1000 respondents per year), the second on the motivation to visit the forests (about 3700 respondents per year). The quantitative data were obtained on the regional level by analysing data from mobility counters. The impact of government restrictions was assessed. Findings: (1) there was a significant increase in the number of people who frequently visited the forest in 2020; (2) in 2020, the amount of households that collected forest fruits increased and was the highest for the monitored period; (3) the increased forest attendance significantly corresponded to the government restrictions. The analysis confirmed the great importance of forests for the citizens and, at the same time, the increased pressure on the forests’ use—forest attendance and forest crops picking—(especially suburban ones) in times of COVID-19 restrictions.
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168
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Wunsch K, Kienberger K, Niessner C. Changes in Physical Activity Patterns Due to the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:2250. [PMID: 35206434 PMCID: PMC8871718 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With the outbreak of the Corona Virus Disease 19 (Covid-19) in late 2019, governments increasingly imposed containment strategies, including social distancing as well as restricted population movement, potentially having negative impacts on mental and physical health. A growing number of studies have examined the impact of the pandemic on different facets of physical activity (PA); an overview combining these (mixed) results, however, is missing. Thus, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate whether and to which extent PA changed from before to during the Covid-19 pandemic, taking age, gender, and measurement method into account. The literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Results of the main characteristics were descriptively synthesized and analyzed in a meta-analysis quantifying effects of the pandemic on PA divided by age groups, with additional subgroup analyses of the characteristics age, gender, and measurement method being narratively synthesized. Overall, 57 studies with a total sample size of 119,094 participants (N between 10 and 60,560 subjects) from 14 countries worldwide with participants aged between four and 93 years were included. Thirty-two studies revealed a significant decline in PA, whereas only five studies found a significant increase in PA during the Covid-19 pandemic. Fourteen studies revealed mixed results. PA decreased in all age groups, independent of gender. Most self-reported and all device-based measurement methods showed a reduction in PA. However, effects were not found to be significant in all age groups. Nevertheless, the declining trend should be noted and governments should strive to enable PA within periods of pandemic restrictions, or promote alternatives such as digital training to avoid negative health consequences within the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Wunsch
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (K.K.); (C.N.)
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169
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Benzing V, Gaillard P, Scheidegger D, Dössegger A, Nigg CR, Schmidt M. COVID-19: Physical Activity and Quality of Life in a Sample of Swiss School Children during and after the First Stay-at-Home. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:2231. [PMID: 35206418 PMCID: PMC8871913 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 restrictions and the instructions to stay at home (SaH) may have had an impact on child behavior including physical activity (PA) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Switzerland. Therefore, we investigated PA and HRQoL during and after the SaH in 57 Swiss school children aged 7 to 12 years (M = 10.44; SD = 1.34). PA was measured using accelerometry (Actigraph GT3X) and HRQoL using the Kid-KINDLR questionnaire. During and post data was compared using paired sample t-tests. Independent t-tests were used to compare the HRQoL of physically active children with non-physically active children. PA in light (d = -0.56), moderate (d = -0.44), moderate-to-vigorous (d = -0.28) as well as overall HRQoL (d = -0.66), psychological well-being (d = -0.48), self-esteem (d = -0.39), friends (d = -0.70) and everyday functioning (d = -0.44), were significantly lower during SaH than afterwards. Children who adhered to PA recommendations (+60 min of moderate-to-vigorous PA) during SaH had a better overall HRQoL (d = 0.61) and psychological well-being (d = 0.56) than those who did not. Since PA levels and HRQoL were lower during SaH compared to afterwards, it seems that the restrictions negatively impacted children's PA and HRQoL. During future SaHs, promoting children's PA and HRQoL seems important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Benzing
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (P.G.); (D.S.); (C.R.N.); (M.S.)
| | - Patrice Gaillard
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (P.G.); (D.S.); (C.R.N.); (M.S.)
| | - David Scheidegger
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (P.G.); (D.S.); (C.R.N.); (M.S.)
| | - Alain Dössegger
- Swiss Federal Institute of Sport Magglingen (SFISM), 2532 Magglingen, Switzerland;
| | - Claudio R. Nigg
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (P.G.); (D.S.); (C.R.N.); (M.S.)
| | - Mirko Schmidt
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (P.G.); (D.S.); (C.R.N.); (M.S.)
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170
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Haug E, Mæland S, Lehmann S, Bjørknes R, Fadnes LT, Sandal GM, Skogen JC. Increased Gaming During COVID-19 Predicts Physical Inactivity Among Youth in Norway—A Two-Wave Longitudinal Cohort Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:812932. [PMID: 35237551 PMCID: PMC8884262 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.812932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A concern for the COVID-19 measures and the potential long-term consequences the measures may have on physical inactivity and gaming among youth. Objectives Examine the stability and change in internet and offline gaming and the association with physical inactivity among adolescents in Norway during the pandemic. Methods A total of 2940 youth (58% girls) aged 12–19 years participated in an online longitudinal two-wave survey during the first Norwegian national lockdown in April 2020 (t1) and in December 2020 (t2). Gaming behavior and physical activity status were assessed at both time points. Age, gender, and socioeconomic status were included as covariates. Results Among boys, 41% reported gaming a lot more and 35% a little more at t1 compared to before the national lockdown. The corresponding numbers for girls were 14 and 23%, respectively. In fully adjusted analysis, a pattern of increased gaming at t1 followed by an additional increase in gaming reported at t2 was associated with physical inactivity at t1 (OR = 2.10, p < 0.01) and t2 (OR = 2.45, p < 0.001). Participants gaming more at t1 followed by a reduction at t2 had higher odds of inactivity at t1 (OR = 1.88, p < 0.01). Youth reporting no gaming at t1 had lower odds for inactivity at this time point (OR = 0.67, p < 0.05). Conclusions Increased gaming among many youths and a relationship with physical inactivity was observed during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. To counteract the negative long-term impacts of COVID-19 restrictions, public health initiatives should emphasize the facilitation of physical activity in youth and develop effective strategies to prevent problematic gaming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Haug
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, Bergen, Norway
- *Correspondence: Ellen Haug
| | - Silje Mæland
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stine Lehmann
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Bjørknes
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lars Thore Fadnes
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gro Mjeldheim Sandal
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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171
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Gajda M, Berkowska A, Małkowska-Szkutnik A. Hospital schools during COVID-19: Teachers' perspective. JOURNAL OF MOTHER AND CHILD 2022; 25:202-208. [PMID: 35139604 PMCID: PMC9097655 DOI: 10.34763/jmotherandchild.20212503si.d-21-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Temporary lockdowns have been introduced in many countries as a preventive measure against the spread of the virus in 2020 and 2021. School closures and remote education have posed some difficulties for both students and teachers. A qualitative study and the semi-structured interview method was chosen to collect hospital teachers' insights into their work experiences during the pandemic. The sample consisted of 21 participants who worked as hospital school teachers. The study revealed the following thematic areas: introduction of remote/hybrid teaching (Frequency=8), lack of the sense of employment stability (F=4), limited contact with students (F=6), necessity to adapt to dynamically changing conditions (F=3), sedentary character of work (F=3), improvement of the quality of work and work conditions (F=4). The research was conducted as part of the Back to School Project (project number: 2019-1-PL01-KA201-065602), with funding from Erasmus+. The data collected during the study will be used to create guidebooks for both hospital school and mainstream school teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Gajda
- Faculty of Education, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland, E-mail:
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172
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Bergmann C, Dimitrova N, Alaslani K, Almohammadi A, Alroqi H, Aussems S, Barokova M, Davies C, Gonzalez-Gomez N, Gibson SP, Havron N, Horowitz-Kraus T, Kanero J, Kartushina N, Keller C, Mayor J, Mundry R, Shinskey J, Mani N. Young children's screen time during the first COVID-19 lockdown in 12 countries. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2015. [PMID: 35132065 PMCID: PMC8821703 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05840-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Older children with online schooling requirements, unsurprisingly, were reported to have increased screen time during the first COVID-19 lockdown in many countries. Here, we ask whether younger children with no similar online schooling requirements also had increased screen time during lockdown. We examined children’s screen time during the first COVID-19 lockdown in a large cohort (n = 2209) of 8-to-36-month-olds sampled from 15 labs across 12 countries. Caregivers reported that toddlers with no online schooling requirements were exposed to more screen time during lockdown than before lockdown. While this was exacerbated for countries with longer lockdowns, there was no evidence that the increase in screen time during lockdown was associated with socio-demographic variables, such as child age and socio-economic status (SES). However, screen time during lockdown was negatively associated with SES and positively associated with child age, caregiver screen time, and attitudes towards children’s screen time. The results highlight the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on young children’s screen time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nevena Dimitrova
- Faculty of Social Work of Lausanne, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shannon P Gibson
- Centre for Psychological Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Tzipi Horowitz-Kraus
- Educational Neuroimaging Center, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | | | | | - Christina Keller
- University of Göttingen, Goßlerstr. 14, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Roger Mundry
- Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany.,Department for Primate Cognition, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Leibniz ScienceCampus Primate Cognition, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Nivedita Mani
- University of Göttingen, Goßlerstr. 14, 37073, Göttingen, Germany. .,Leibniz ScienceCampus Primate Cognition, Göttingen, Germany.
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Pedersen J, Rasmussen MG, Olesen LG, Klakk H, Kristensen PL, Grøntved A. Recreational screen media use in Danish school-aged children and the role of parental education, family structures, and household screen media rules. Prev Med 2022; 155:106908. [PMID: 34915040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Screen media use is part of most children's everyday lives, but organisations have advised that use should be limited. The aims of this study were to describe 6-11-year-old Danish children's screen device ownership and screen media use (weekdays and weekends), including the role of parental education, family structure and household screen media rules. We conducted a cross-sectional study including 5274 Danish children aged 6-11-years sampled from ten Danish municipalities from May 2019 to November 2020. Characteristics of the sample and source population were obtained from the Danish Health Data Authority. Parent's completed the SCREENS questionnaire, which was developed to assess children's screen media habits. We used inverse probability weighted logistic and linear regression models. Smartphone and laptop ownership was higher with increasing age, and use of screen media varied across day type, age and gender. The proportion of children using screen media more than 4 h/day was 13% (95% CI 12%;14%) for weekdays and 28% (95% CI 27%;29%) for weekend days. Children of parents with medium-length or long educations had statistically significant lower odds of using screen media more than 4 h/day. We found a statistically significant graded relationship between household screen media rules and children's screen media use; the less parents reported presence of rules, the more time their children spent on screen media engagements. Our results suggest that parental educational level and family structure are related to unfavourable screen media habits, and household screen media rules may play an important role for parents to limit children's screen use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Pedersen
- Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Centre of Research in Childhood Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Martin Gillies Rasmussen
- Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Centre of Research in Childhood Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Line Grønholt Olesen
- Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Centre of Research in Childhood Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Heidi Klakk
- Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Centre of Research in Childhood Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark; Research center of Applied Health Science, University College South Denmark, 6100 Haderslev, Denmark
| | - Peter Lund Kristensen
- Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Centre of Research in Childhood Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Anders Grøntved
- Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Centre of Research in Childhood Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark.
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174
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Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Lien A, Hamilton HA, Chaput JP. Cyberbullying involvement and short sleep duration among adolescents. Sleep Health 2022; 8:183-190. [PMID: 35120851 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has shown that cyberbullying victimization is associated with short sleep duration among adolescents; however, the association between cyberbullying perpetration and sleep duration is unclear. Furthermore, little is known about the factors that could moderate these associations. Thus, the objectives of this study were to investigate the associations of cyberbullying victimization, perpetration, or both with short sleep duration among adolescents, and to test whether age, sex, and adherence to the screen time recommendations (≤2 hours/day) moderate these associations. METHODS Data on 6834 adolescents aged 11-20 years were derived from a representative cross-sectional study of middle and high school students across Ontario, Canada. Short sleep duration was self-reported and defined as sleeping less than the age-appropriate sleep duration recommendations. Multivariable logistic regression models were adjusted for important covariates. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported. RESULTS Cyberbullying victimization (AOR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.37-1.86), perpetration (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.16-1.79), or both perpetration and victimization (AOR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.27-2.30) was associated with greater odds of short sleep duration. Results further indicated that younger students who were not cyberbullied had a lower probability of short sleep duration, but there was no difference in the probability of short sleep duration between being cyberbullied or not among older adolescents. Sex and screen time did not moderate any of the associations between cyberbullying involvement and short sleep duration. CONCLUSION Involvement in cyberbullying as either a victim, a perpetrator, or both is associated with short sleep duration among adolescents. Strategies that can help to eliminate cyberbullying are needed in public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Amanda Lien
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hayley A Hamilton
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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175
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Wang Z, Yang W, Hua P, Zhang J, Krebs P. Transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2 in the watershed triggered by domestic wastewater discharge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150888. [PMID: 34634348 PMCID: PMC8501193 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has already become an unprecedented global pandemic. However, the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, especially the protected SARS-CoV-2 RNA (pRNA) with infectious particles in waterways, is still largely unexplored. In this study, we developed a model to estimate SARS-CoV-2 transmission from the risk source in the excretion of patients to the final exposure in surface water. The model simulated the spatial and temporal distribution of the viral pRNA concentrations in the surface water of the Elbe watershed from March 2020 to January 2021. The results show that the WWTPs with the maximum capacity of >10,000 population equivalents were responsible for 95% of the viral load discharged into the surface water. We estimated the pRNA concentrations in surface water to be 1.33 × 10-2 copies·L-1 on average in the watershed based on the model simulation on viral transmission. It had considerable variations in spatial and temporal scales, which are dominantly controlled by epidemic situations and virus transport with decay in water, respectively. A quantitative microbial risk assessment was conducted to estimate the viral infection probability from surface water ingestion with consideration of the influence of toilet usage frequency and gender/age population groups. All the infection probabilities in the study period were lower than the reference risk levels of 10-4 and 10-5. The individuals aged 15-34 years had the highest infection probability of 4.86 × 10-9 on average from surface water ingestion during swimming activities. The data provided herein suggest that the low pRNA concentrations and infection probability reflected that the waterways were unlikely to be a significant transmission route for SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Urban and Industrial Water Management, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Wenyu Yang
- Institute of Urban and Industrial Water Management, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Pei Hua
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Ecology and Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, 510632 Guangzhou, China
| | - Peter Krebs
- Institute of Urban and Industrial Water Management, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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Hendry A, Gibson SP, Davies C, Gliga T, McGillion M, Gonzalez-Gomez N. Not all babies are in the same boat: Exploring the effects of socioeconomic status, parental attitudes, and activities during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic on early Executive Functions. INFANCY 2022; 27:555-581. [PMID: 35102670 PMCID: PMC9304249 DOI: 10.1111/infa.12460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Early executive functions (EFs) lay the foundations for academic and social outcomes. In this parent‐report study of 575 UK‐based 8‐ to 36 month olds (218 followed longitudinally), we investigate how variation in the home environment before and during the 2020 pandemic relates to infants’ emerging EFs. Parent‐infant enriching activities were positively associated with infant Cognitive Executive Function (CEF) (encompassing inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility). During the most‐restrictive UK lockdown—but not subsequently—socioeconomic status (SES) was positively associated with levels of parent‐infant enriching activities. Parents who regard fostering early learning, affection, and attachment as important were more likely to engage in parent‐infant enriching activities, yet there was no significant pathway from parental attitudes or SES to CEF via activities. Infant screen use was negatively associated with CEF and Regulation. Screen use fully mediated the effect of SES on CEF, and partially mediated the effect of SES on regulation. Parental attitudes toward early learning, affection, and attachment did not significantly influence screen use. These results indicate that although parental attitudes influence the development of early EFs, interventions targeting attitudes as a means of increasing enriching activities, and thus EF are likely to be less effective than reducing barriers to engaging in enriching activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Hendry
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Catherine Davies
- School of Languages, Cultures and Societies, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Teodora Gliga
- School of Psychology, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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Ghozy S, Zayan AH, El‐Qushayri AE, Parker KE, Varney J, Kallmes KM, Morsy S, Abbas AS, Diestro JDB, Dmytriw AA, Shah J, Hassan AE, Islam SMS. Physical activity level and stroke risk in
US
population: A matched case–control study of 102,578 individuals. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 9:264-275. [PMID: 35094505 PMCID: PMC8935290 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stroke has been linked to a lack of physical activity; however, the extent of the association between inactive lifestyles and stroke risk has yet to be characterized across large populations. Purpose This study aimed to explore the association between activity‐related behaviors and stroke incidence. Methods Data from 1999 to 2018 waves of the concurrent cross‐sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were extracted. We analyzed participants characteristics and outcomes for all participants with data on whether they had a stroke or not and assessed how different forms of physical activity affect the incidence of disease. Results Of the 102,578 individuals included, 3851 had a history of stroke. A range of activity‐related behaviors was protective against stroke, including engaging in moderate‐intensity work over the last 30 days (OR = 0.8, 95% CI = 0.7–0.9; P = 0.001) and vigorous‐intensity work activities over the last 30 days (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.5–0.8; P < 0.001), and muscle‐strengthening exercises (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.5–0.8; P < 0.001). Conversely, more than 4 h of daily TV, video, or computer use was positively associated with the likelihood of stroke (OR = 11.7, 95% CI = 2.1–219.2; P = 0.022). Conclusion Different types, frequencies, and intensities of physical activity were associated with reduced stroke incidence, implying that there is an option for everyone. Daily or every other day activities are more critical in reducing stroke than reducing sedentary behavior duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherief Ghozy
- Department of Neuroradiology Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences and Department for Continuing Education (EBHC program) Oxford University Oxford UK
| | | | | | - Kate Elizabeth Parker
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Deakin University Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Joseph Varney
- School of Medicine American University of the Caribbean Cupecoy Sint Maarten
| | - Kevin M. Kallmes
- Nested Knowledge St. Paul Minnesota USA
- Superior Medical Experts St. Paul Minnesota USA
| | - Sara Morsy
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine Tanta University Tanta Egypt
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences University of Bradford Bradford UK
| | | | - Jose Danilo B. Diestro
- Radiology Department, Central Hospital of University of Montreal University of Montreal Montreal QC Canada
| | - Adam A. Dmytriw
- Neuroendovascular Program Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Jaffer Shah
- Medical Research Center Kateb University Kabul Afghanistan
| | - Ameer E. Hassan
- Department of Neurology University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Harlingen Texas USA
| | - Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Deakin University Melbourne Vic. Australia
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178
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Czyż SH, Starościak W. Perceived physical activity during stay-at-home COVID-19 pandemic lockdown March-April 2020 in Polish adults. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12779. [PMID: 35127285 PMCID: PMC8793727 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lockdowns amid the COVID-19 pandemic drastically reduced the possibility of undertaking physical activity (PA) in gyms, swimming pools, or work-related PA, e.g., active commuting. However, the stay-at-home order could have reduced PA the most, i.e., the ban of unnecessary outdoor activities. It affected free walking, running, skiing, active tourism, etc. It is, therefore, crucial to estimate how the stay-at-home order affected PA. We estimated how the stay-at-home order affected perceived PA and sedentary behavior compared to the pre-pandemic time in Poland. METHODS We used a self-reported International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form (IPAQ-LF) to estimate the time (minutes per day) of vigorous and moderate PA and walking and sitting time. RESULTS We gathered data from 320 Polish participants. Bayesian approaches, including t-test and Bayesian correlations, were used to find differences and correlations between PA before and during the stay-at-home lockdown. Our data supported the hypotheses that vigorous PA, as well as walking, declined during the lockdown. Surprisingly, our data did not support the hypothesis that moderate physical activity was reduced. We found that moderate PA during lockdown increased compared to the pre-lockdown PA. As hypothesized, our data strongly evinced that sitting time inclined during the lockdown. PA decline was not correlated with the available living space. People who had access to gardens did not demonstrate a higher PA level than those without. DISCUSSION Walking and sitting time have drastically changed during the stay-at-home lockdown, decreasing and increasing, respectively. Given results from studies focusing on lockdowns without the stay-at-home restriction, it may be assumed that letting people go outside is crucial in keeping them more active and less sedentary. Authorities should take into account the effect the stay-at-home order may have on PA and sedentary behavior and as a result, on health. Stay-at-home orders should be the last considered restriction, given its detrimental consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanisław H. Czyż
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Wrocław, Poland,Faculty of Sport Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic,Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation (PhASRec), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Wojciech Starościak
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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179
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Changes in Physical Activity and the Occurrence of Specific Symptoms of "Long-COVID Syndrome" in Men Aged 18-25. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031199. [PMID: 35162225 PMCID: PMC8834557 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of non-specific symptoms of “long-COVID syndrome” depending on the physical activity undertaken resulting from the imposed forms of study (distance learning–contact learning); 136 men aged 21.5 ± 1.58 from universities educating students of medical faculties were examined. The difference between the universities was mainly due to the nature of the classes undertaken (classes remotely-hybrid form) in the period from March 2020 to February 2021. Among the respondents, 17% in Group I and 16% in Group II were infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, including 50% in Group I with moderate symptoms, and in Group II—most people 45% with mild symptoms. The conducted research clearly shows the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on students. They show a number of important problems, such as reduced physical activity, as well as increased body weight and time spent in front of the monitor. They also make it clear that the health consequences of the pandemic affect both people who were infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and those who did not suffer from this infection.
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180
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Moraleda-Cibrián M, Albares-Tendero J, Pin-Arboledas G. Screen media use and sleep patterns in Spanish adolescents during the lockdown of the coronavirus pandemic. Sleep Breath 2022; 26:1993-2000. [PMID: 35031931 PMCID: PMC8760131 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-021-02558-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate screen media use and sleep patterns among Spanish adolescents during the lockdown (LD) of the first peak of the coronavirus pandemic. Methods Cross-sectional community-based study of adolescents aged 11–18 years. An online questionnaire with queries about screen time, sleep, and other healthy habits was completed by parents or guardians. Results Overall 265 adolescents were enrolled. The mean age was 13.6 ± 2.3 years, 58% were boys, 68% were in secondary school and 72% lived in urban areas. Before the LD (BLD) 87% of adolescents used electronic devices < 4 h/d, while during the LD (DLD) screen time was > 4 h/d in 75% of cases (p < 0.0001). A delayed wake time and bedtime weekdays (BLD wake time weekdays: later than 09:45 0.0% vs. DLD 30%, p < 0.0001, and BLD bedtime weekdays: later than 00:30 3% vs. DLD 35%, p < 0.0001) and weekends DLD was observed. Adolescents who used electronic devices > 4 h/d DLD compared with those who used < 4 h/d reported more frequently long sleep latency (93% vs. 7%, p = 0.007), low sunlight exposure (77% vs. 23%, p = 0.031), less physical activity (86%. vs. 15%, p = 0.011) and weight gain (78%. vs. 22%, p = 0.049). Conclusions During the lockdown Spanish adolescents reported elevated screen time and delayed sleep patterns. An increase in screen media use was associated with unhealthy habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Moraleda-Cibrián
- Sleep Disorders Center, Centro Médico Teknon, 12 De la Vilana Street, Marquesa building, Box 5, 08022, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Javier Albares-Tendero
- Sleep Disorders Center, Centro Médico Teknon, 12 De la Vilana Street, Marquesa building, Box 5, 08022, Barcelona, Spain
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Kovacs VA, Brandes M, Suesse T, Blagus R, Whiting S, Wickramasinghe K, Okely AD. Are we underestimating the impact of COVID-19 on children's physical activity in Europe? - a study of 24,302 children. Eur J Public Health 2022; 32:494-496. [PMID: 35022680 PMCID: PMC9159340 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This repeat cross-sectional study investigated the impact of lockdown in Europe in Winter (January and February 2021) on children’s and adolescent’s physical activity (PA) and recreational screen time (RST), and compared PA to the lockdown in Spring 2020. An online survey was administered (n = 24 302; 6–18 years; 51.7% boys) in nine countries. PA and RST were assessed by 7-day recall. In total, 9.3% of children (95% confidence interval: 6.9–11.7) met WHO PA recommendation, which was half of the proportion observed in Spring 2020 [19.0% (18.2–19.9)]. Sixty percent exceeded the RST recommendations. This suggests that winter lockdown could have a more negative impact on PA than in spring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mirko Brandes
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology (BIPS), Bremen, Germany
| | - Thomas Suesse
- School of Mathematics and Applied Statistics, University of Wollongong, Australia
| | - Rok Blagus
- Institute for Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana
| | - Stephen Whiting
- WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Kremlin Wickramasinghe
- WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anthony D Okely
- Early Start and Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Australia
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Park JH, Park JY, Jin KS. What did COVID-19 Change? The Impact of COVID-19 on Korean Parents' and Children's Daily Lives and Stress. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2022; 53:172-182. [PMID: 34596821 PMCID: PMC8485309 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01262-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak has not only posed a threat to physical health but has also changed our daily lives. This study explored how the COVID-19 pandemic affected Korean parents' and children's daily lives and stress levels. Parents' childcare time, children's screen time, the time spent for social interactions and learning, and parents' and children's stress levels before and after the pandemic were compared. The main caregivers' childcare time increased significantly during the pandemic (4.00 h/day). For children, the time spent for screen time (1.76 h) and online interactions (0.95 h) increased significantly, whereas face-to-face interaction time (4.17 h) and time spent learning (2.16 h) decreased significantly. In addition, parents' and children's stress levels increased significantly during the pandemic. Other descriptive information is provided and discussed. Our results indicate that Korean parents and children experienced significant disruption to their daily lives and increased stress during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-hyang Park
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women’s University, 2, Bomun-ro 34-da gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 24844 Korea
| | - Ji-young Park
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women’s University, 2, Bomun-ro 34-da gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 24844 Korea
| | - Kyong-sun Jin
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women’s University, 2, Bomun-ro 34-da gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 24844 Korea
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Prosperi S, Chiarelli F. Early and precocious puberty during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1107911. [PMID: 36699035 PMCID: PMC9868951 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1107911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
During the year 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic rapidly became a severe health emergency worldwide. In order to contrast the spread of the novel SARS-CoV-2, many countries implemented extraordinary restrictive measures, such as a strict lockdown and school closures. The pandemic had a great impact on children and adolescents' daily life, leading to a much more sedentary lifestyle, to larger use of electronic devices and to an increase in stress-related symptoms. These conspicuous changes acted as disruptors of children's normal development. Since the beginning of the pandemic, many studies reported an increase in the number of precocious puberty cases as well as a faster progression rate of puberty itself, if compared to the pre-pandemic years. In this review, our aim was to evaluate the incidence of new cases of early and precocious puberty during the COVID-19 pandemic, analyzing variations in the timing of puberty and in pubertal progression rate, and to investigate the role of environmental and lifestyle factors during the pandemic in modulating the physiopathology of pubertal development. While a direct effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection remains, at the moment, a remote hypothesis, both physical and psychological factors related to the pandemic seem to have a role in triggering GnRH pulsatile secretion leading to earlier pubertal onset. It is indeed important to stress the need to clarify the exact role of COVID-19 in early pubertal onset comparing data from all over the world; long-term comprehensive studies are also pivotal to explain whether this phenomenon will continue while we resume pre-pandemic habits.
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Yelizarova O, Stankevych T, Parats A, Polka N, Lynchak O, Diuba N, Hozak S. The effect of two lockdowns on physical activity of school-age children. SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 4:119-126. [PMID: 35187505 PMCID: PMC8836674 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of strict quarantine restrictions in many countries initiated a direction in science to study the behavioral characteristics of children and adolescents during the social isolation at the population level. We present our observations during the two lockdowns in Ukraine. The objective of this study was to determine: a) the level of light (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) physical activity among school-age children, and b) the impact of the external and internal factors on their physical activity during the lockdown. Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) as part of our questionnaire Q-RAPH was used. Parents of 1091 children 6–18 years old (54% boys) filled Q-RAPH at two measurement points in 2020 and 2021. After performing ANCOVA and logistic regression, we found a significant decrease in MVPA by 12.7% in 2021 compared to 2020 (p < 0.001) while LPA was about 1.5 h a day during both periods. The proportion of children who reach the recommended levels of MVPA also decreased by 13.7% in 2021 (p < 0.001). Factors negatively affecting the achievement of 60 min a day of MVPA were female gender, chronic diseases, overweight/obesity, non-participation in organized sports, and a decrease in the average air temperature. This study evidences the insufficient level of preventive measures and requires an intensification of health education among the Ukrainian population. When developing preventive measures, special attention should be paid to groups vulnerable to MVPA reduction as children who have chronic diseases and/or overweight/obesity as well as non-participation in sports.
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185
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Schündeln MM, Fritzemeier S, Goretzki SC, Hauffa PK, Munteanu M, Kiewert C, Hauffa BP, Fleischhack G, Tippelt S, Grasemann C. Prevalence of osteopathologies in a single center cohort of survivors of childhood primary brain tumor. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:913343. [PMID: 35923779 PMCID: PMC9339690 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.913343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood primary brain tumors (CPBT) are the second largest group of childhood malignancies and associated with a high risk for endocrine late effects. OBJECTIVE To assess endocrine late effects and their relevance for the development of osteopathologies in survivors. METHODS This single center cross sectional study investigated data from 102 CPBT survivors with a mean age of 13.0 years and a mean age at diagnosis of 8.7 years. Clinical, biochemical, radiographic, and anamnestic data regarding endocrine and bone health were obtained at study visits. In addition, data regarding tumor stage and therapy was obtained by chart review. An expert opinion was applied to define presence of osteopathologies. RESULTS Impaired bone health, defined by at least one pathological screening parameter, was present in 65% of patients. 27.5% were found to have overt osteopathologies per expert opinion. 37.8% displayed a severe vitamin D deficiency (25-OH vitamin D < 10 ng/ml) and 11% a secondary hyperparathyroidism. Patients with osteopathologies had lower 25-OH vitamin D levels compared to patients without osteopathologies. Multiple endocrine late effects were present: diabetes insipidus in 10.8%, aberrant pubertal development in 13.7%, central hypocortisolism in 14.9%, thyroid dysfunction in 23.8% and growth hormone deficiency in 21.8%. A total of 31.3% of survivors displayed any endocrinopathy. Tumors located near hypothalamic structures and patients who received irradiation had a higher likelihood of endocrine morbidity. CONCLUSION This study indicates that endocrine deficiencies are common in pediatric survivors of CPBTs. Osteopathologies are present in this cohort. A prominent effect of hormonal deficiencies on bone health was not detected, possibly because patients were sufficiently treate for their endocrine conditions or indicating resilience of the childhood bone remodeling process. Vitamin D deficiency is frequent and should be treated as recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Schündeln
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Fritzemeier
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sarah C Goretzki
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Pia K Hauffa
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Munteanu
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Pediatrics II, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Caritas Hospital, Bad Mergentheim, Germany
| | - Cordula Kiewert
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Pediatrics II, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Berthold P Hauffa
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Pediatrics II, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gudrun Fleischhack
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stephan Tippelt
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Corinna Grasemann
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rare Diseases, St. Josef-Hospital Bochum, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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186
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Berard M, Peries M, Loubersac J, Picot MC, Bernard JY, Munir K, Baghdadli A. Screen time and associated risks in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders during a discrete COVID-19 lockdown period. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1026191. [PMID: 36532191 PMCID: PMC9751585 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1026191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic may affect the screen time of children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). This study aimed to examine the screen time of children and adolescents with ASD during a discrete lockdown period in France and identify risk factors for excessive screen time. METHODS The study sample consisted of 249 ASD subjects, 3-17 years of age, enrolled in the ELENA cohort. Information about the screen time was collected using the COVID-19 questionnaire specially created for this study. The clinical, socio-demographic and familial characteristics were collected from the last ELENA follow-up visit. RESULTS More than one third of subjects exceeded recommended levels of screen time and almost half of parents reported that their child spent more time using screen since COVID-19 pandemic beginning. Excessive screen time was significantly related to age with higher screen time in adolescents. Risk factors for excessive screen time were high withdrawn behaviors and low socioeconomic status for children, and older age and male gender for adolescents. CONCLUSION These results imply to adapt the recommendations already formulated in general population concerning the good use of screens in youth with ASD. Specific recommendations and suitable guidance are needed to help children and adolescents with ASD and their parents implement the more optimal use of screen time activities for educational, therapeutic and social goals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02625116.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Berard
- Centre de Ressource Autisme Languedoc-Roussillon, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Centre d'Excellence sur l'Autisme et les Troubles Neuro-développementaux, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marianne Peries
- Centre de Ressource Autisme Languedoc-Roussillon, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Centre d'Excellence sur l'Autisme et les Troubles Neuro-développementaux, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team DevPsy, Villejuif, France
| | - Julie Loubersac
- Centre de Ressource Autisme Languedoc-Roussillon, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Centre d'Excellence sur l'Autisme et les Troubles Neuro-développementaux, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team DevPsy, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Picot
- Centre d'Excellence sur l'Autisme et les Troubles Neuro-développementaux, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team DevPsy, Villejuif, France.,Clinical Research and Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Information, University Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jonathan Y Bernard
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, INRAE, Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et Statistiques, Paris, France.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kerim Munir
- Developmental Medicine Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Amaria Baghdadli
- Centre de Ressource Autisme Languedoc-Roussillon, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Centre d'Excellence sur l'Autisme et les Troubles Neuro-développementaux, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team DevPsy, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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187
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Kharel M, Sakamoto JL, Carandang RR, Ulambayar S, Shibanuma A, Yarotskaya E, Basargina M, Jimba M. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on movement behaviours of children and adolescents: a systematic review. BMJ Glob Health 2022; 7:e007190. [PMID: 35078809 PMCID: PMC8795918 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-007190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies have examined how the lockdown restrictions enforced to halt the spread of COVID-19 have affected children and adolescents' movement behaviours, but there is a need to synthesise these findings. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review to examine the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on children and adolescents' movement behaviours. METHODS We searched eight databases and grey literature for relevant studies of all study designs; and conducted a narrative analysis of the results following synthesis without meta-analysis guidelines. We used appropriate tools to assess the risk of bias in quantitative and qualitative studies. We compared changes in physical activity, screen time and sleep duration and quality from before to during the COVID-19 lockdown. RESULTS This review included 71 studies reporting data from 35 countries and territories, mostly from high-income economies. A majority of the studies used a cross-sectional design and had fair to poor-quality ratings. Most studies reported reduced physical activity, increased screen time and longer sleep hours among children and adolescents. Children and adolescents facing strict lockdowns saw a larger decline in physical activity and a sharper increase in screen time than those under mild restrictions. CONCLUSION COVID-19-related lockdowns were detrimental to children and adolescents' movement behaviours, with stricter lockdowns tending to have a bigger impact. Children and adolescents under COVID-19 restrictions are likely to be less active, spend more time on screen, and sleep longer hours than before the lockdown. More studies from low-income and middle-income countries could provide a clearer picture of the impact. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42021245924.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Kharel
- Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jennifer Lisa Sakamoto
- Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rogie Royce Carandang
- Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinejil Ulambayar
- Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Shibanuma
- Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ekaterina Yarotskaya
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Milana Basargina
- Department of Neonatal Pathology, National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Moscow, Russia
| | - Masamine Jimba
- Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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188
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Béghin L, Thivel D, Baudelet JB, Deschamps T, Ovigneur H, Vanhelst J. Change in physical fitness due to the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in French adolescents: a comparison between two independent large samples from Diagnoform battery. Eur J Pediatr 2022; 181:3955-3963. [PMID: 36098850 PMCID: PMC9469075 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-022-04610-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies reported a significant decline in physical activity level in adolescents as a result of the COVID-19 lockdown. Physical fitness is recognized as a powerful marker of health in youth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on health-related physical fitness in French adolescents. Two cross-sectional studies were performed comparing two different groups of French adolescents, before (sample 1) and after the first lockdown (sample 2). A total of 1231 adolescents (aged to 16.5 ± 1.5 years) participated in the two cross-sectional studies. Complete data for physical fitness and anthropometrics data were obtained. Adolescents from sample 2 showed lower physical fitness levels compared to adolescents from sample 1. Regarding physical fitness for boys and girls, physical fitness levels were significantly lower in both sex between adolescents from the sample 1 and adolescents from the sample 2, except for cardiorespiratory fitness and flexibility for boys and girls, respectively. The physical fitness global score was also significantly lower between adolescents from the sample 1 and 2 for boys (-9.8%, p < 0.01) and girls (-16.2%; p < 0.01), respectively. Overall, the higher difference was found for performance in the speed body displacement test (-30%). A difference of 12.8% and 25% was observed for boys and girls, respectively. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic lockdown had a negative impact on physical fitness in French youth. This study highlights the need to develop, in a near future, prevention programmes in order to improve the physical fitness in youth. What is Known: • COVID-19 pandemic deeply impacted lifestyle habits. A worrying decrease of physical activity, associated to a dramatic increase of time spent in sedentary behaviors was found in many coutries. What is New: • Our study bring first data on the health-related physical fitness consequences due to lockdown in French adolescents. Our study demonstrate the negative impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on health-related physical fitness in French adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Béghin
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - David Thivel
- grid.494717.80000000115480420Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH, AME2P. “Health in Motion” International Research Chair, UCA foundation, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Benoît Baudelet
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Congenital & Pediatric Heart Unit, Institut Cœur Poumon, F-59000 Lille, France
| | | | | | - Jérémy Vanhelst
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics - University of Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France.
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189
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Ali BTA, Saleh NO, Mreydem HW, Hammoudi SF, Lee T, Chung S, Hallit S, Salameh P. Screen Time Effect on Insomnia, Depression, or Anxiety Symptoms and Physical Activity of School Students During COVID-19 Lockdown in Lebanon: A Cross Sectional Study. SLEEP MEDICINE RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.17241/smr.2021.01109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Our aim is to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on screen time among Lebanese high school students (grades 9–12).Methods An anonymous online questionnaire was distributed among 510 school students from different governorates in Lebanon; this included questions regarding screen time, food habits, and physical activity. Psychological symptoms were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 items and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items. Effects of screen time on sleep was evaluated using the Insomnia Severity Index and Bedtime Procrastination Scale.Results Female students reported higher depression (p = 0.018) and anxiety (p = 0.023) than male students; however, there was no difference in their sleep. Insomnia, depression, and anxiety were highest among phone users. A screen time of more than 7 hours per day was significantly associated with higher depression (67.9%), anxiety (61.6%), insomnia (82.1%), and bedtime procrastination. It also indicated a shift toward a less healthy diet and light exercise.Conclusions Seven hours of screen was found to develop depression and anxiety, exercising less, eating a less healthy diet, and experiencing disturbed sleep among school adolescents.
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190
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Tsoukos A, Bogdanis GC. The Effects of a Five-Month Lockdown Due to COVID-19 on Physical Fitness Parameters in Adolescent Students: A Comparison between Cohorts. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010326. [PMID: 35010588 PMCID: PMC8751170 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background: This study examined the effects of a five-month lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic on physical fitness parameters in urban adolescent male and female students. Methods: Two hundred and ninety-three male and female students (age: 15.8 ± 0.3 years) who attended the fourth grade of the same high school during the years 2016–2017 (first control group), 2018–2019 (second control group) and 2020–2021 (lockdown group) took part in the present study. Results: The percentage of overweight and obese students, according to body mass index, increased in males from 16.0% (2016–2017) and 14.6% (2018–2019), to 36.7% in 2020–2021 (p < 0.01), and in females from 8.6% (2016–2017) and 7.0% (2016–2017), to 25.6% in 2020–2021 (p < 0.01). Lower body fitness, as assessed by jumping, sprinting and agility tests, was impaired for both males and females after the lockdown compared with the 2016–2017 and 2018–2019 cohorts (vertical jumps: 10.4–15.1%; p < 0.01; d = 0.58–1.01, 30 m sprint: 3.7–4.9%; p < 0.01; d = 0.62–0.74; 505 agility test: from 6.1% to 9.4%; p < 0.01; d = 0.80–1.04). However, flexibility and performance in upper-body fitness tests (handgrip maximum isometric strength and medicine ball throws with different loads) was significantly reduced only in males after the lockdown (p < 0.05 to 0.01). Conclusions: These results suggest that a five-month lockdown negative influenced the physical fitness of adolescent students. Notably, greater reductions were observed in upper body strength, power and flexibility in males than in females. These results highlight the need to maintain strength, power and body mass during long periods of inactivity in adolescent populations.
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191
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Kuhn AP, Kowalski AJ, Wang Y, Deitch R, Selam H, Rahmaty Z, Black MM, Hager ER. On the Move or Barely Moving? Age-Related Changes in Physical Activity, Sedentary, and Sleep Behaviors by Weekday/Weekend Following Pandemic Control Policies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010286. [PMID: 35010546 PMCID: PMC8751153 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study examined pre-pandemic (2017-early March 2020) to early-pandemic (Spring 2020) changes in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), light PA (LPA), and sedentary behavior/sleep (SS), by weekday/weekend, and age (preschool, elementary, middle school). We re-enrolled children from two pre-pandemic obesity prevention trials and examined differences in accelerometer-measured PA from pre-pandemic to early-pandemic across age groups using linear mixed models. Children (n = 75) were 51% multiple race/ethnicities, 29% preschool, 28% elementary, 43% middle school, 65% suburban, 21% rural, and 13% urban. Pre-pandemic to early-pandemic changes in weekday MVPA (p = 0.006), LPA (p = 0.018), and SS (p = 0.003) differed by age. On weekdays, middle schoolers' MVPA decreased 15.36 min/day (p = 0.002) and SS increased 94.36 min/day (p < 0.001) with non-significant changes among preschoolers and elementary schoolers. Compared to elementary schoolers, middle schoolers' changes in weekday MVPA (b = -16.34, p = 0.036) and SS (b = 63.28, p = 0.039) significantly differed. Declines in weekday MVPA and increases in SS among middle schoolers suggest that, compared with younger children, middle schoolers are dependent on school and recreational facilities for PA, and in their absence engage in more sedentary activities and sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Pulling Kuhn
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.P.K.); (A.J.K.); (R.D.); (H.S.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Alysse J. Kowalski
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.P.K.); (A.J.K.); (R.D.); (H.S.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA;
| | - Rachel Deitch
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.P.K.); (A.J.K.); (R.D.); (H.S.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Helina Selam
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.P.K.); (A.J.K.); (R.D.); (H.S.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Zahra Rahmaty
- Department of Biology and Medicine, Institut Universitaire de Formation et de Recherche en Soins, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, IUFRS Bureau 169—SV-A Secteur Vennes—Rte de la Corniche 10, CH-1010 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Maureen M. Black
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.P.K.); (A.J.K.); (R.D.); (H.S.); (M.M.B.)
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Erin R. Hager
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.P.K.); (A.J.K.); (R.D.); (H.S.); (M.M.B.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(410)-706-0213
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192
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Eberhardt T, Bös K, Niessner C. The Fitness Barometer: A Best Practice Example for Monitoring Motor Performance With Pooled Data Collected From Practitioners. Front Public Health 2021; 9:720589. [PMID: 34957000 PMCID: PMC8702616 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.720589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Motor Performance (MP) in children is an important resource for their future active lifestyle and health. Monitoring of MP is crucial to derive information of trends and to implement specific programs on the base of current MP levels. A variety of MP assessment tools exist, making it difficult to determine a “gold-standard” for assessment and to compare the findings. In Germany, the German Motor Test 6–18 (GMT 6–18) and Kinderturntest Plus 3–10 (KITT+ 3–10) are widely used MP assessment tools. The aim of this paper is to show which key questions can be answered within the context of a best practice example of a MP assessment tool and what can be derived from this for a practical application (the Fitness Barometer). Methods: The raw data of the Fitness Barometer was collected with the MP assessment tools GMT 6–18 and KITT+ 3–10 from 2012 through 2020. Data was pooled anonymously with the e-Research infrastructure MO|REdata and categorized into percentiles for MP and BMI. Overall, we included data of 23,864 children for the statistical analyses. T-tests for independent samples, percentage frequency analysis, descriptive statistics (chi- square-test) and single analysis of variance were conducted. Results and Discussion: Children tested reached a mean value of 57.03 (SD = 18.85). Of the sample, 12.7% children were overweight or obese and there is a significant difference between age groups [χ(4)2 = 178.62, p < 0.001, Cramer V = 0.09; n = 23.656]. The relationship between BMI category and mean value of MP was significant [F(4,19,523) = 224.81, p < 0.001]. During 2020, the year of the COVID-19 pandemic, mean value of endurance and speed decreased [Welch's F(1,573) = 8.08, p = 0.005; Welch's F(1,610) = 35.92, p < 0.001]. The GMT 6–18 and KITT+ 3–10 are valid, objective, reliable, and economic MP assessment tools for monitoring MP levels and derive added practical value. Specific programs and interventions should focus on the findings of these. The Fitness Barometer is a best practice example how a standardized assessment tool of monitoring MP point to trends on which practical evidence-based suggestions can be derived with many various partners and expertise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Eberhardt
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Klaus Bös
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Claudia Niessner
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
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193
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Morrison SA, Meh K, Sember V, Starc G, Jurak G. The Effect of Pandemic Movement Restriction Policies on Children's Physical Fitness, Activity, Screen Time, and Sleep. Front Public Health 2021; 9:785679. [PMID: 34938712 PMCID: PMC8685208 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.785679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The negative impact of isolation, confinement, and physical (in)activity due to pandemic movement restriction has been well-documented over the past year, but less is known on the impact of these policies on children's physical fitness. This study was designed to determine the effects of pandemic movement restriction policies on the 24-hour movement behavior (24-HMB) of children, and whether any alterations are reflected in worsening physical fitness outcomes determined via direct testing. Methods: A two-phase, repeated-measures study with matched controls was conducted. Phase One: N = 62 schoolchildren (N = 31 female) completed self-assessment questionnaires on 24-HMB in October 2018 (pre-pandemic) and again in April 2020, at the height of movement restrictions enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic first wave. Phase Two: physical fitness of the original N = 62 children were determined directly pre- and post-isolation using an eight-component standardized fitness test battery and compared to N = 62 control children who were matched for age, sex, school region, and fitness centile scores. Results: During lockdown (total duration: 63 days), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) decreased by ~46 min per day, screen time demonstrated a significant interaction effect, such that kids reported spending less recreational screen time on weekends during lockdown compared to no restriction, and sleep duration was consistently lower (95% CI: −104.1 to −45.5 min, p < 0.001). No interaction effect was present for direct fitness indicators, including: hand tapping (reaction time), standing broad jump, polygon backward obstacle course (coordination), sit-ups, stand-and-reach, bent-arm hang, 60-m, and 600-m run (p ≥ 0.05) although significant main effects are noted for both sexes. Conclusion: Initial changes in 24-HMB did not translate to reductions in physical fitness per se, likely due to the high initial fitness levels of the children. Further work is needed to confirm whether longer or repeated movement restrictions exacerbate initial negative 24-HMB trends, especially for children who are less fit when restrictions are initiated, prolonged, or repeated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaja Meh
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vedrana Sember
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Starc
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Jurak
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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194
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Logan LM, Stephens S, Ciftci-Kavaklioglu B, Berenbaum T, Ly M, Longoni G, Yeh EA. Pandemic-associated mental health changes in youth with neuroinflammatory disorders. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 58:103468. [PMID: 34954653 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with neuroinflammatory disorders have high rates of anxiety and depression, alongside low rates of physical activity. Given general concerns for mental and physical health in children during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, here we sought to understand how sleep, anxiety, depression, and physical activity changed with the lockdown in children with neuroinflammatory disorders. We hypothesized that outcomes would worsen during the lockdown, and that they would differ by underlying disorder category and age. METHODS Patients attending a specialized neuroinflammatory clinic (n = 314) completed questionnaires (n = 821 responses; Jan 2017-Aug 2020) assessing sleep, anxiety, depression, and physical activity. Respondents had either: childhood-onset chronic or recurrent neuroinflammatory disorders (CRNI), a history of Autoimmune Encephalitis (AE) or Monophasic Acquired Demyelinating Syndromes (monoADS). We performed linear mixed models to examine the association between our outcome measures (sleep, anxiety, depression, and physical activity) and categories of disorder type, sex, age, physical activity, relapses, and time (pre- vs. post- COVID-19 lockdown). Participant ID acted as a random effect, to account for repeated measures. RESULTS Sleep significantly increased in the first 6 months of the COVID-19 lockdown (F(1, 544)=56.85, P<0.001,). Across the whole group, anxiety and depression did not change with the pandemic, but we found differing trends by age category. Anxiety decreased in teenagers (≥13y) (Z = 3.96, P<0.001), but not for pre-teens. Depression remained higher in teenagers than preteens across both timepoints (F(1, 597)=6.30, p = 0.012). Physical activity levels did not change with the pandemic in comparison to pre-pandemic (F(1, 629)=1.92, P = 0.166). Anxiety was higher in inactive individuals regardless of timing (F(2, 547)=3.74, p = 0.024). CONCLUSION For youth with neuroinflammatory disorders, the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown resulted in increased hours of nighttime sleep but did not result in significant overall changes in self-reported anxiety or depression. Pre-lockdown, teenagers had higher depression and anxiety scores than preteens. Post-lockdown, anxiety and depression scores decreased in teenagers compared to pre-teens. Physical activity was low both pre- and post-lockdown, and rates of anxiety were higher for inactive participants at both timepoints. Differences based on age suggest that younger children (<13 years) were more negatively affected by the pandemic than older children (≥ 13 years).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey M Logan
- Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute, Canada; University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Samantha Stephens
- Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute, Canada; University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Beyza Ciftci-Kavaklioglu
- Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute, Canada; University of Toronto, Canada; University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Tara Berenbaum
- Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute, Canada
| | - Mina Ly
- Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute, Canada
| | - Giulia Longoni
- Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute, Canada; University of Toronto, Canada
| | - E Ann Yeh
- Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health, SickKids Research Institute, Canada; University of Toronto, Canada.
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195
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Vandoni M, Codella R, Pippi R, Carnevale Pellino V, Lovecchio N, Marin L, Silvestri D, Gatti A, Magenes VC, Regalbuto C, Fabiano V, Zuccotti G, Calcaterra V. Combatting Sedentary Behaviors by Delivering Remote Physical Exercise in Children and Adolescents with Obesity in the COVID-19 Era: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:4459. [PMID: 34960011 PMCID: PMC8706684 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The coexistence of childhood obesity (or its risk) and COVID-19 pandemic put children and adolescents in greater risk to develop respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. In fact, the restrictions introduced to limit the spread of the virus had detrimental effects on various lifestyle components, especially in young population. This resulted in augmented levels of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors and a reduced time spent in play outdoors or sport practices. Contrariwise, the increased use of technology led clinicians, teachers, and trainers to maintain relations with obese children/adolescents so as to reduce sedentary behaviors and the associated health risks. This narrative review aims to describe the role of Telehealth and Tele-exercise as useful tools in the management of pediatric obesity during COVID-19 pandemic. Telehealth and Tele-exercise were effective in promoting self-monitoring and behavioral changes, including adherence to exercise training programs in children and adolescents. Moreover, tele-exercise platforms such as applications or exergames allowed flexible scheduling, limiting the infection risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Vandoni
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.C.P.); (A.G.)
| | - Roberto Codella
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Pippi
- Healthy Lifestyle Institute, C.U.R.I.A.Mo. (Centro Universitario Ricerca Interdipartimentale Attività Motoria), Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Vittoria Carnevale Pellino
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.C.P.); (A.G.)
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Lovecchio
- Department of Human and Social Science, University of Bergamo, 24127 Bergamo, Italy;
| | - Luca Marin
- Laboratory for Rehabilitation Medicine and Sport (LARMS), 00133 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Research, ASOMI College of Sciences, 2080 Marsa, Malta;
| | - Dario Silvestri
- Department of Research, ASOMI College of Sciences, 2080 Marsa, Malta;
| | - Alessandro Gatti
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.C.P.); (A.G.)
| | - Vittoria Carlotta Magenes
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (V.C.M.); (V.F.); (G.Z.); (V.C.)
| | - Corrado Regalbuto
- Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Valentina Fabiano
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (V.C.M.); (V.F.); (G.Z.); (V.C.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (V.C.M.); (V.F.); (G.Z.); (V.C.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (V.C.M.); (V.F.); (G.Z.); (V.C.)
- Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
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196
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Szpunar M, Vanderloo LM, Bruijns BA, Truelove S, Burke SM, Gilliland J, Irwin JD, Tucker P. Children and parents' perspectives of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Ontario children's physical activity, play, and sport behaviours. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2271. [PMID: 34903197 PMCID: PMC8666344 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12344-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic and associated public health measures have resulted in the closure of many physical activity-supporting facilities. This study examined Ontario parents’ and children’s perspectives of COVID-19’s impact on children’s physical activity behaviours, return to play/sport during COVID-19, as well as barriers/facilitators to getting active amid extended closures of physical activity venues. Methods Parents/guardians of children aged 12 years and under living in Ontario, Canada were invited to participate in an interview. 12 parent/guardian and 9 child interviews were conducted via Zoom between December 2020 – January 2021, were audio-recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Thematic content analysis was undertaken to identify pronounced themes. Results Themes for both parent and child interviews fell into one of three categories: 1) barriers and facilitators for getting children active amid COVID-19 closures of physical activity-supporting facilities; 2) changes in children’s activity levels; and, 3) perspectives on return to play/sport during and post-pandemic. Various subthemes were identified and varied between parents and children. The most common facilitator for dealing with children’s inactivity voiced by parents/guardians was getting active outdoors. Parents/guardians noted their willingness to have their children return to play/sport in the community once deemed safe by public health guidelines, and children’s willingness to return stemmed primarily from missing their friends and other important authority figures (e.g., coaches) and sporting events (e.g., tournaments). Conclusions Findings from this study could inform families of feasible and realistic strategies for increasing children’s physical activity during community closures, while also providing public health experts with information regarding what supports, or infrastructure might be needed during future lockdown periods and/or pandemics. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-12344-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Szpunar
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leigh M Vanderloo
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brianne A Bruijns
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephanie Truelove
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shauna M Burke
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,School of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason Gilliland
- Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer D Irwin
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,School of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia Tucker
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. .,School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. .,Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.
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197
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Nguyen TT, Nguyen MH, Pham TTM, Le VTT, Nguyen TT, Luong TC, Do BN, Dao HK, Nguyen HC, Ha TH, Pham LV, Nguyen PB, Nguyen HTT, Do TV, Nguyen HQ, Trinh MV, Le TT, Tra AL, Nguyen TTP, Nguyen KT, Phan DT, Pham KM, Bai CH, Duong TV. Negative Impacts of COVID-19 Induced Lockdown on Changes in Eating Behavior, Physical Activity, and Mental Health as Modified by Digital Healthy Diet Literacy and eHealth Literacy. Front Nutr 2021; 8:774328. [PMID: 34869540 PMCID: PMC8633895 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.774328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19-induced lockdown has been implemented in many countries, which may cause unfavorable changes in lifestyles and psychological health. People's health literacy, healthy diet, and lifestyles play important roles in mitigating the negative impacts of the pandemic. Therefore, we aimed to examine associations of COVID-19 lockdown with changes in eating behavior, physical activity, and mental health; and the modification effects by digital healthy diet literacy (DDL) and eHealth literacy (eHEALS) on the associations. Methods: We conducted an observational study on 4,348 outpatients from 7th April to 31st May 2020. Data from 11 hospitals in Vietnam included demographic characteristics, DDL, eHEALS, eating behavior, physical activity, and mental health changes. Multiple logistic regression and interaction models were performed to examine associations. Results: Patients under lockdown had a lower likelihood of having “unchanged or healthier” eating behavior (odds ratio, OR, 0.38; 95% confidence interval, 95%CI, 0.29 to 0.51; p < 0.001), “unchanged or more” physical activity (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.90; p < 0.001), and “stable or better” mental health (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.89; p < 0.001), as compared to those after lockdown. In interaction models, as compared to patients after lockdown and with the lowest DDL score, those under lockdown and with a one-score increment of DDL had a higher likelihood of having “unchanged or healthier” eating behavior (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.07; p < 0.001), and “stable or better” mental health (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.04; p < 0.001). Similarly, as compared to patients after lockdown and with the lowest eHEALS score, those under lockdown and with a one-score increment of eHEALS had a higher likelihood of having an “unchanged or more” physical activity (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.05; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The COVID-19 lockdown measure could negatively affect eating behavior, physical activity, and mental health among outpatients. Better DDL and eHEALS were found to mitigate the negative impacts of the lockdown, which may empower outpatients to maintain healthy lifestyles and protect mental health. However, this study holds several limitations that may undermine the certainty of reported findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tham T Nguyen
- Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Haiphong, Vietnam
| | - Minh H Nguyen
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thu T M Pham
- Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Haiphong, Vietnam.,School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Vinh-Tuyen T Le
- Department of Pharmacognosy-Traditional Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Botanic, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Vietnam.,Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tan T Nguyen
- Department of Orthopedics, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Vietnam.,Director Office, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Thuc C Luong
- Director Office, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Binh N Do
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Division of Military Science, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hung K Dao
- Director Office, Bac Ninh Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital, Bac Ninh, Vietnam
| | - Huu C Nguyen
- Director Office, E Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, E Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tung H Ha
- Director Office, General Hospital of Agricultural, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Linh V Pham
- Department of Pulmonary & Cardiovascular Diseases, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam.,Director Office, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | | | - Hoai T T Nguyen
- Training and Direction of Healthcare Activity Center, Kien An Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Thinh V Do
- Director Office, Bai Chay Hospital, Quang Ninh, Vietnam
| | - Hung Q Nguyen
- Director Office, Quang Ninh Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital, Quang Ninh, Vietnam
| | - Manh V Trinh
- Director Office, Quang Ninh General Hospital, Quang Ninh, Vietnam
| | - Thuy T Le
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Da Nang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang, Vietnam.,President Office, Da Nang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Anh L Tra
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Da Nang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Thao T P Nguyen
- Health Management Training Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Kien T Nguyen
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dung T Phan
- Faculty of Nursing, Hanoi University of Business and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Nursing Office, Thien An Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Khue M Pham
- Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Haiphong, Vietnam.,President Office, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Chyi-Huey Bai
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tuyen Van Duong
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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198
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Cosma A, Pavelka J, Badura P. Leisure Time Use and Adolescent Mental Well-Being: Insights from the COVID-19 Czech Spring Lockdown. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:12812. [PMID: 34886538 PMCID: PMC8657078 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As leisure-one of the crucial life domains-was completely disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, our study aimed to investigate how adolescents spent their leisure time during the Spring 2020 lockdown. Secondly, we aimed to investigate the associations between the perceived changes in leisure time use, the leisure activities adolescents engaged in, and the associations with well-being during the Spring 2020 lockdown in Czechia. METHODS Data from 3438 participants were included in this study (54.2% girls; mean age = 13.45, SD = 1.62). First, the initial number of items measuring leisure, electronic media use, and sports was reduced through Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Multivariate linear regression models tested the associations between leisure domains and mental well-being Results: The amount of leisure time, together with socially active leisure and sports and physical activity, formed the strongest positive predictors of mental well-being, whereas idle activities and time spent on electronic media acted as negative predictors. The amount of time spent doing schoolwork was unrelated to mental well-being. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our results support the idea that leisure as a promoting factor for well-being is not just a matter of its amount but rather of engagement in meaningful and fulfilling activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Cosma
- Sts Cyril and Methodius Faculty of Theology, Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
| | - Jan Pavelka
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
| | - Petr Badura
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
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199
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Hayba N, Shi Y, Allman-Farinelli M. Enabling Better Physical Activity and Screen Time Behaviours for Adolescents from Middle Eastern Backgrounds: Semi-Structured Interviews with Parents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312787. [PMID: 34886513 PMCID: PMC8657648 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The unrelenting obesity pandemic in Middle Eastern (ME) adolescents living in Australia warrants culturally responsive and locally engineered interventions. Given the influence of parents on the lifestyle behaviours of adolescents, this qualitative study aimed to capture the opinions of ME parents on the barriers and enablers to sufficient physical activity and limiting screen time behaviours in adolescents. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 26 ME parents (female) aged 35–59 years old, most of whom resided in lower socioeconomic areas (n = 19). A reflexive thematic analysis using the Theoretical Domains Framework and the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour model was performed for coding. Parents voiced confidence in their knowledge of the importance of physical activity and limiting screen time but were less optimistic in their ability to enable change in behaviours, especially for older adolescents without outside support. Despite adolescents having the necessary skills to engage in a wide array of sports, the parents admitted deep fears regarding the safety of the social environment and restricted their children’s independent mobility. Gender differences were noted, with parents reporting older girls expressing disinterest in sports and having limited physical opportunities to participate in sports at school. It may be that a community-based participatory framework is needed to improve physical activity opportunities and to address specific physical, social, and cultural barriers.
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200
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Helbach J, Stahlmann K. Changes in Digital Media Use and Physical Activity in German Young Adults under the Covid-19 Pandemic - A Cross-Sectional Study. J Sports Sci Med 2021; 20:642-654. [PMID: 35321129 PMCID: PMC8488826 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2021.642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Many studies observed a reduction of physical activity (PA) and an increase in digital media use in young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, few studies have been conducted in Europe or looked at changes in the association between both behaviors. Hence, this study aims at investigating the changes in digital media use/social media use and PA as well as in its association among young adults in Germany. Cross-sectional data of 884 German young adults (mean age 22.36 (±1.99), 76% female) collected via an online questionnaire between August 1 and September 30, 2020 were analyzed. Participants reported on digital media use (smartphone, television, computer, gaming console), social media use (Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, Twitter, YouTube, TikTok) and PA (days/week of ≥30 min. PA) separately for the period of strict infection control measures in Germany (March - end of May 2020) and for normal times (before March 2020). Descriptive statistics of digital media use, social media use and PA were compared between both periods. Linear regression adjusted for sociodemographic and work-related characteristics were conducted for both periods with total media use, the various media devices and social media use, respectively, as independent and PA as dependent variables. Whereas PA did not differ between both periods, mean total digital media use increased by 1 hour during the period of strict infection control measures. Digital media use and social media use were negatively associated with PA in both time periods. Differences in these associations by sex could be found for some digital media devices. However, 60% of respondents did not comply with the WHO recommendations for PA. Under consideration of possible recall bias, young adults' digital media use, but not PA, seemed to have changed under the strict infection control measures. However, interventions are needed to increase PA and to prevent its reduction in the course of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Helbach
- Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen Germany
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