151
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Wang L, Li J, Dang Y, Ma H, Niu Y. Relationship Between Social Capital and Depressive Symptoms Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Northwest China: A Mediating Role of Sleep Quality. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:725197. [PMID: 34616319 PMCID: PMC8488102 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.725197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: There are few studies about the relationship between social capital (SC) and depression among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, and the mechanism explaining how SC leads to decreased depression is unclear. The current study aims to explore the relationship between SC and depressive symptoms among the T2DM patients in northwest China, with a particular focus on the mediating role of sleep quality. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 1,761 T2DM patients from Ningxia Province was conducted. The Center for Epidemiological Survey Depression Scale (CES-D) and self-report sleep quality questionnaire coupled with the SC scales were administered during the face-to-face survey. The Bootstrap methods PROCESS program is employed to test the mediation model. Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms among T2DM patients was 24.8%. After controlling for covariates, the SC (r = -0.23, p < 0.001) was negatively correlated with CES-D score; the sleep quality was also negatively correlated with CES-D score (r = -0.31, p < 0.001); and the SC was positively correlated with sleep quality (r = 0.10, p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that SC was inversely related to the risk of depressive symptoms. Meanwhile, sleep quality was negatively associated with depressive symptoms. Sleep quality has mediated the relationship between SC and depressive symptoms among T2DM patients (explaining 12.6% of the total variance). Conclusions: We elucidated how SC interacted with depressive symptoms through the mediation pathway of sleep quality using a representative sample of the Chinese diabetes patients. The findings indicate that the improvement of SC and sleep quality may help in maintaining mental health among T2DM patients. Hence, clinicians can suggest that patients communicate more with others to improve the SC and, in turn, maintain their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jiangping Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yuqi Dang
- Department of Endocrinology, Yinchuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yinchuan, China
| | - Haiyu Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yang Niu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of the Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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152
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Ettinger AK, Landsittel D, Abebe KZ, Bey J, Chavis V, Navratil JD, Savage Friedman F, Dermody TS, Miller E. THRIVE Conceptual Framework and Study Protocol: A Community-Partnered Longitudinal Multi-Cohort Study to Promote Child and Youth Thriving, Health Equity, and Community Strength. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:797526. [PMID: 35186824 PMCID: PMC8856106 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.797526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the profound inequities in maternal and child health along racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic lines, strength-based, community-partnered research is required to foster thriving children, families, and communities, where thriving is defined as optimal development across physical, mental, cognitive, and social domains. The Pittsburgh Study (TPS) is a community-partnered, multi-cohort study designed to understand and promote child and youth thriving, build health equity, and strengthen communities by integrating community partners in study design, implementation, and dissemination. TPS launched the Tracking Health, Relationships, Identity, EnVironment, and Equity (THRIVE) Study to evaluate children's developmental stages and contexts from birth through completion of high school and to inform a child health data hub accessible to advocates, community members, educators, health professionals, and policymakers. METHODS AND ANALYSIS TPS is rooted in community-partnered participatory research (CPPR), health equity, antiracism, and developmental science. Using our community-informed conceptual framework of child thriving, the THRIVE Study will assess cross-cutting measures of place, environment, health service use, and other social determinants of health to provide longitudinal associations with developmentally appropriate child and youth thriving outcomes across participants in six cohorts spanning from pregnancy through adolescence (child ages 0-18 years). Data from electronic health records, school records, and health and human services use are integrated to assess biological and social influences of thriving. We will examine changes over time using paired t-tests and adjusted linear regression models for continuous thriving scores and McNemar tests and adjusted logistic regression models for categorical outcomes (thriving/not thriving). Data analyses will include mixed models with a random intercept (in combination with the previously-specified types of regression models) to account for within-subject correlation. DISCUSSION By enhancing assessment of child and youth well-being, TPS will fill critical gaps in our understanding of the development of child and youth thriving over time and test strategies to support thriving in diverse communities and populations. Through CPPR and co-design, the study aims to improve child health inequities across multiple socioecological levels and developmental domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Ettinger
- Department of Psychology, Center for Children and Families, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Doug Landsittel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Kaleab Z Abebe
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jamil Bey
- UrbanKind Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Val Chavis
- Department of Psychology, Center for Children and Families, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Judith D Navratil
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Terence S Dermody
- Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Elizabeth Miller
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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153
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Leerkes EM, Buehler C, Calkins SD, Shriver LH, Wideman L. Protocol for iGrow (Infant Growth and Development Study): biopsychosocial predictors of childhood obesity risk at 2 years. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1912. [PMID: 33317498 PMCID: PMC7734916 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-10003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood obesity remains a significant public health problem. To date, most research on the causes and correlates of obesity has focused on a small number of direct predictors of obesity rather than testing complex models that address the multifactorial nature of the origins of obesity in early development. We describe the rationale and methods of iGrow (Infant Growth and Development Study) which will test multiple pathways by which (a) prenatal maternal psychobiological risk predicts infant weight gain over the first 6 months of life, and (b) this early weight gain confers risk for obesity at age 2. Infant hormonal and psychobiological risk are proposed mediators from prenatal risk to early weight gain, though these are moderated by early maternal sensitivity and obesogenic feeding practices. In addition, higher maternal sensitivity and lower obesogenic feeding practices are proposed predictors of adaptive child self-regulation in the second year of life, and all three are proposed to buffer/reduce the association between high early infant weight gain and obesity risk at age 2. Methods iGrow is a prospective, longitudinal community-based study of 300 diverse mothers and infants to be followed across 5 data waves from pregnancy until children are age 2. Key measures include (a) maternal reports of demographics, stress, well-being, feeding practices and child characteristics and health; (b) direct observation of maternal and infant behavior during feeding, play, and distress-eliciting tasks during which infant heart rate is recorded to derive measures of vagal withdrawal; (c) anthropometric measures of mothers and infants; and (d) assays of maternal prenatal blood and infant saliva and urine. A host of demographic and other potential confounds will be considered as potential covariates in structural equation models that include tests of mediation and moderation. Efforts to mitigate the deleterious effects of COVID-19 on study success are detailed. Discussion This study has the potential to inform (1) basic science about early life processes casually related to childhood obesity and (2) development of targeted intervention and prevention approaches that consider mother, infant, and family risks and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther M Leerkes
- UNC Greensboro, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170, USA.
| | - Cheryl Buehler
- UNC Greensboro, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170, USA
| | - Susan D Calkins
- UNC Greensboro, Office of Research and Engagement, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170, USA
| | - Lenka H Shriver
- UNC Greensboro, Department of Nutrition, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170, USA
| | - Laurie Wideman
- UNC Greensboro, Department of Kinesiology, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170, USA
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154
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Iroz-Elardo N, Adkins A, Ingram M. Measuring perceptions of social environments for walking: A scoping review of walkability surveys. Health Place 2020; 67:102468. [PMID: 33285411 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The neighborhood pedestrian environment is an important determinant of physical activity and health. Despite widespread acknowledgment that neighborhoods' social and physical characteristics contribute to a walkable place, constructs and metrics remain focused primarily on the built environment. This scoping review documents the current state of the practice to measure perceived social elements of pedestrian environments in order to identify measurement strategies to understand and support walking, particularly in socially diverse neighborhoods. We identified 20 survey instruments focused on pedestrian environments, walkability, or physical activity at the local (neighborhood) scale and designed to capture residents' perceptions of outdoor walking environments. Across the 20 instruments, we identified and categorized 182 distinct items that measured social environments into four domains (social capital, personal safety, physical signifiers, and general neighborhood descriptors) and thirteen subdomains. Many items emphasized negative social elements, such as crime and disorder. Only a few items focused on community identity. Most instruments cover some aspects of the social environment well, but few provide a holistic inventory of the social environment across domains and subdomains. We also observe that the state of the practice seems frozen, with most instruments in use having originated in 2010 or earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Iroz-Elardo
- University of Arizona, College of Architecture, Planning, and Landscape Architecture, 1040 N Olive Road, Tucson, AZ, 85719, United States.
| | - Arlie Adkins
- University of Arizona, College of Architecture, Planning, and Landscape Architecture, 1040 N Olive Road, Tucson, AZ, 85719, United States.
| | - Maia Ingram
- University of Arizona, Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, 1295 N. Martin Avenue, Tucson, AZ, 85724, United States.
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155
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Brown R, Hailu EM, Needham BL, Roux AD, Seeman TE, Lin J, Mujahid MS. Neighborhood social environment and changes in leukocyte telomere length: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Health Place 2020; 67:102488. [PMID: 33276262 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Given limited research on the impact of neighborhood environments on accelerated biological aging, we examined whether changes in neighborhood socioeconomic and social conditions were associated with change in leukocyte telomere length using 10 years of longitudinal data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (years 2000-2011; N = 1031; mean age = 61, SD = 9.4). Leukocyte telomere length change was corrected for regression to the mean and neighborhood was defined as census tract. Neighborhood socioeconomic indicators (factor-based score of income, education, occupation, and wealth of neighborhood) and neighborhood social environment indicators (aesthetic quality, social cohesion, safety) were obtained from the U.S Census/American Community Survey and via study questionnaire, respectively. Results of linear mixed-effects models showed that independent of individual sociodemographic characteristics, each unit of improvement in neighborhood socioeconomic status was associated with slower telomere length attrition over 10-years (β = 0.002; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.0001, 0.004); whereas each unit of increase in safety (β = -0.043; 95% CI: -0.069, -0.016) and overall neighborhood social environment score (β = -0.005; 95% CI: -0.009, -0.0004) were associated with more pronounced telomere attrition, after additionally adjusting for neighborhood socioeconomic status. This study provides support for considerations of the broader social and socioeconomic contexts in relation to biological aging. Future research should explore potential psychosocial mechanisms underlying these associations using longitudinal study designs with repeated observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashida Brown
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way West #5302, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Elleni M Hailu
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way West #5302, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - Belinda L Needham
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ana Diez Roux
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Teresa E Seeman
- Department of Geriatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jue Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, 600 16th St, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Mahasin S Mujahid
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way West #5302, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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156
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Vaz C, Andrade AC, Silva U, Rodríguez D, Wang X, Moore K, Friche AA, Diez-Roux AV, Caiaffa WT. Physical Disorders and Poor Self-Rated Health in Adults Living in Four Latin American Cities: A Multilevel Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17238956. [PMID: 33276424 PMCID: PMC7730272 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17238956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Considering that urban environments may affect self-rated health through behavioral and psychosocial mechanisms, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between self-rated health and perceived urban environment characteristics among adults living in four Latin American cities. Data is from a population-based survey by Development Bank of Latin America, encompassing adults between 20 and 60 years old in Buenos Aires, Lima, Mexico City, and Panama City. Self-rated health was measured using a single question and the response options were categorized as poor and good. The explanatory variables were empirical Bayes estimates of self-reported area physical disorder, social disorder, access to services, and access to leisure spaces derived from the survey. The covariates were: individual age, sex, education, wealth index, and length of residency in the neighborhood; and an area social environment index. Multilevel logistic regressions with two levels (individual and sub-city areas) were fitted. Poor self-rated health was reported by 34.73% (95% CI: 33.17 to 36.29) of the participants and was associated with physical disorder (OR = 1.16 per SD; 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.32). Our findings suggest that public policies to promote population health should consider area urban environment factors, especially those associated with disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Vaz
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Rua São Paulo 745, Governador Valadares 35010-180, Brazil
- Belo Horizonte Observatory for Urban Health, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil; (A.C.A.); (U.S.); (A.A.F.); (W.T.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(31)99701-5146
| | - Amanda Cristina Andrade
- Belo Horizonte Observatory for Urban Health, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil; (A.C.A.); (U.S.); (A.A.F.); (W.T.C.)
- Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Avenida Fernando Corrêa 2367, Cuiabá 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Uriel Silva
- Belo Horizonte Observatory for Urban Health, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil; (A.C.A.); (U.S.); (A.A.F.); (W.T.C.)
| | - Daniel Rodríguez
- Department of City and Regional Planning and Institute for Transportation Studies, University of California, 228 Wurster Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;
| | - Xize Wang
- Department of Real State, National University of Singapore, 4 Architecture Drive, Singapore 117566, Singapore;
| | - Kari Moore
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.M.); (A.V.D.-R.)
| | - Amélia Augusta Friche
- Belo Horizonte Observatory for Urban Health, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil; (A.C.A.); (U.S.); (A.A.F.); (W.T.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil
| | - Ana Victoria Diez-Roux
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.M.); (A.V.D.-R.)
| | - Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa
- Belo Horizonte Observatory for Urban Health, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil; (A.C.A.); (U.S.); (A.A.F.); (W.T.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil
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157
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Bryan CJ, Bryan AO, Anestis MD. Associations among exaggerated threat perceptions, suicidal thoughts, and suicidal behaviors in U.S. firearm owners. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 131:94-101. [PMID: 32950708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Firearm availability has traditionally been conceptualized as an environmental risk factor for suicide mortality. Firearm acquisition for the primary purpose of self-protection (i.e., protective gun ownership) is often motivated by exaggerated threat expectancies-a central component of anticipatory anxiety-but firearm acquisition may paradoxically reinforce or exacerbate threat expectancies and contribute to behavioral disinhibition. Firearm ownership may therefore confer increased risk for suicide mortality through biobehavioral mechanisms. The present study conducted an initial test of this hypothesis by examining associations among firearm ownership, intentions to acquire additional firearms, threat expectancies, and past-month suicidal thoughts and behaviors using data collected from a national sample of 6200 U.S. adults. Results indicated threat expectancies and rates of suicide-related behaviors were significantly elevated among protective gun owners and participants who intended to acquire a firearm within the next year as compared to non-gun owners and non-protective gun owners. Threat expectancies were associated with significantly increased risk for past-month suicide-related behavior. Results suggest that threat expectancies in particular, and anticipatory anxiety more generally, may be biobehavioral processes associated with the correlation of firearm ownership and increased suicide risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig J Bryan
- National Center for Veterans Studies, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Psychology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - AnnaBelle O Bryan
- National Center for Veterans Studies, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Psychology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Michael D Anestis
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
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158
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Azzopardi PS, Willenberg L, Wulan N, Devaera Y, Medise B, Riyanti A, Ansariadi A, Sawyer S, Wiguna T, Kaligis F, Fisher J, Tran T, Agius PA, Borschmann R, Brown A, Cini K, Clifford S, Kennedy EC, Pedrana A, Pham MD, Wake M, Zimmet P, Durrant K, Wiweko B, Luchters S. Direct assessment of mental health and metabolic syndrome amongst Indonesian adolescents: a study design for a mixed-methods study sampled from school and community settings. Glob Health Action 2020; 13:1732665. [PMID: 32174255 PMCID: PMC7144276 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2020.1732665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with the burden largely borne by people living in low- and middle-income countries. Adolescents are central to NCD control through the potential to modify risks and alter the trajectory of these diseases across the life-course. However, an absence of epidemiological data has contributed to the relative exclusion of adolescents from policies and responses. This paper documents the design of a study to measure the burden of metabolic syndrome (a key risk for NCDs) and poor mental health (a key outcome) amongst Indonesian adolescents. Using a mixed-method design, we sampled 16–18-year-old adolescents from schools and community-based settings across Jakarta and South Sulawesi. Initial formative qualitative enquiry used focus group discussions to understand how young people conceptualise mental health and body weight (separately); what they perceive as determinants of these NCDs; and what responses to these NCDs should involve. These findings informed the design of a quantitative survey that adolescents self-completed electronically. Mental health was measured using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised (CESD-R) and Kessler-10 (both validated against formal psychiatric interview in a subsample), with the metabolic syndrome measured using biomarkers and anthropometry. The survey also included scales relating to victimisation, connectedness, self-efficacy, body image and quality of life. Adolescents were sampled from schools using a multistage cluster design, and from the community using respondent-driven sampling (RDS). This study will substantially advance the field of NCD measurement amongst adolescents, especially in settings like Indonesia. It demonstrates that high quality, objective measurement is acceptable and feasible, including the collection of biomarkers in a school-based setting. It demonstrates how comparable data can be collected across both in-school and out of school adolescents, allowing a more comprehensive measure of NCD burden, risk and correlates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter S Azzopardi
- Global Adolescent Health Group, Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Aboriginal Health Equity Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia.,Population Health Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lisa Willenberg
- Global Adolescent Health Group, Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nisaa Wulan
- Global Adolescent Health Group, Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yoga Devaera
- Department of Child Health, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bernie Medise
- Department of Child Health, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Aida Riyanti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ansariadi Ansariadi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Susan Sawyer
- Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Population Health Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tjhin Wiguna
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Fransiska Kaligis
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Jane Fisher
- Global and Women's Health Unit, School of Population and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Thach Tran
- Global and Women's Health Unit, School of Population and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paul A Agius
- Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rohan Borschmann
- Justice Health Unit, Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alex Brown
- Aboriginal Health Equity Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Karly Cini
- Global Adolescent Health Group, Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Population Health Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Susan Clifford
- Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Population Health Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elissa C Kennedy
- Global Adolescent Health Group, Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alisa Pedrana
- Disease Elimination Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Minh D Pham
- Disease Elimination Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Melissa Wake
- Population Health Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paul Zimmet
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kelly Durrant
- Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Budi Wiweko
- Research and Social Services, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Stanley Luchters
- Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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159
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Visser K, Bolt G, Finkenauer C, Jonker M, Weinberg D, Stevens GWJM. Neighbourhood deprivation effects on young people's mental health and well-being: A systematic review of the literature. Soc Sci Med 2020; 270:113542. [PMID: 33495056 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Since the growth of research into neighbourhood effects on young people's health in the 1980s, there have been major societal changes and scientific methodological advancements. In this systematic review we will, therefore, discuss the recent (>2009) literature on the association between neighbourhood deprivation and young people's (0-19 years old) mental health and well-being. We focus on whether neighbourhood deprivation effects exist, and how and for whom the neighbourhood matters. Together, the thirty studies included in the review indicate that overall there are neighbourhood effects on young people's mental health and well-being. The comparison of results from these studies suggests that such associations were more commonly found for well-being and externalising problem behaviour rather than internalising problem behaviour. Also, mental health and well-being seemed to be more often associated with the neighbourhood social environment than neighbourhood socio-economic status and neighbourhood disorder. Studies investigating mediating processes between the linkage between neighbourhood deprivation and mental health and well-being were rare although there was some evidence that processes within the family and peer context are important mechanisms in this linkage. Inconsistent evidence was found regarding the moderating role of age, gender, and ethnicity. There are ongoing challenges of researching the how and for whom neighbourhoods are important. We should work towards rigorous theory and evidence on how different features of residential contexts matter and on differential exposure and vulnerability to these contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Visser
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Vening Meineszgebouw A, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Gideon Bolt
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Vening Meineszgebouw A, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Catrin Finkenauer
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Merel Jonker
- Department of Law, Faculty of Law, Economics and Governance, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Dominic Weinberg
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Gonneke W J M Stevens
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
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Momplaisir FM, Nassau T, Moore K, Grayhack C, Njoroge WFM, Diez Roux AV, Brady KA. Association of Adverse Neighborhood Exposures With HIV Viral Load in Pregnant Women at Delivery. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2024577. [PMID: 33156348 PMCID: PMC7648255 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.24577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Racial disparities in maternal morbidity and mortality are in large part driven by poor control of chronic diseases. The association between adverse neighborhood exposures and HIV virologic control has not been well described for women with HIV during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between adverse neighborhood exposures and HIV viral load at delivery. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This population-based cohort study assessed HIV surveillance data for pregnant women with HIV who had live deliveries in Philadelphia from January 1, 2005, through December 31, 2015. Data analyses were completed in August 2020. EXPOSURES Neighborhood exposures included extreme poverty, educational attainment, crime rates (using separate and composite measures), and social capital categorized above or below the median. Each neighborhood exposure was modeled separately to estimate its association with elevated HIV viral load. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The main outcome was elevated HIV viral load of ≥200 copies/mL at delivery. We hypothesized that adverse neighborhood exposures would be associated with higher odds of having an elevated viral load at delivery. Confounders included birth year, age, race/ethnicity, previous birth while living with HIV, and prenatal HIV diagnosis. Prenatal care and substance use were considered potential mediators. We used logistic mixed effects models to estimate the association between neighborhood exposures and elevated viral load, adjusting for confounders in Model 1 and confounders and mediators in Model 2. RESULTS There were 905 births among 684 women with HIV, most of whom were aged 25 to 34 years (n = 463 [51.2%]) and were Black non-Hispanic (n = 743 [82.1%]). The proportion of women with elevated viral load decreased from 58.2% between 2005 and 2009 to 23.1% between 2010 and 2015. After adjusting for confounders in Model 1, higher neighborhood education was associated with lower odds of having an elevated viral load (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.70; 95% CI, 0.50-0.96). More violent crime (AOR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.10-2.07), prostitution crime (AOR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.06-2.00), and a composite measure of crime (AOR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.05-1.98) were positively associated with having a higher HIV viral load. These associations remained after adjusting for mediators in Model 2. In addition, the AOR for intermediate prenatal care varied between 1.93 (95% CI, 1.28-2.91) and 1.97 (95% CI, 1.31-2.96), whereas the AOR for inadequate prenatal care varied between 3.01 (95% CI, 2.05-4.43) and 3.06 (95% CI, 2.08-4.49) across regression models. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cohort study, adverse neighborhood exposures during pregnancy and poor engagement in prenatal care were associated with poor virologic control at delivery. These findings suggest that interventions targeted at improving maternal health need to take the social environment into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence M. Momplaisir
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
- The Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Tanner Nassau
- AIDS Activities Coordinating Office, Philadelphia Department of Public Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kari Moore
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health at Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Wanjiku F. M. Njoroge
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Ana V. Diez Roux
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health at Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Dean’s Office, Dornsife School of Public Health at Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kathleen A. Brady
- AIDS Activities Coordinating Office, Philadelphia Department of Public Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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161
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Drisdelle C, Kestens Y, Hamelin AM, Mercille G. Disparities in Access to Healthy Diets: How Food Security and Food Shopping Behaviors Relate to Fruit and Vegetable Intake. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020; 120:1847-1858. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mooney SJ, Bader MD, Lovasi GS, Neckerman KM, Rundle AG, Teitler JO. Using universal kriging to improve neighborhood physical disorder measurement. SOCIOLOGICAL METHODS & RESEARCH 2020; 49:1163-1185. [PMID: 34354317 PMCID: PMC8330519 DOI: 10.1177/0049124118769103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ordinary kriging, a spatial interpolation technique, is commonly used in social sciences to estimate neighborhood attributes such as physical disorder. Universal kriging, developed and used in physical sciences, extends ordinary kriging by supplementing the spatial model with additional covariates. We measured physical disorder on 1,826 sampled block faces across 4 US cities (New York, Philadelphia, Detroit, and San Jose) using Google Street View imagery. We then compared leave-one-out cross-validation accuracy between universal and ordinary kriging and used random subsamples of our observed data to explore whether universal kriging could provide equal measurement accuracy with less spatially dense samples. Universal kriging did not always improve accuracy. However, a measure of housing vacancy did improve estimation accuracy in Philadelphia and Detroit (7.9 and 6.8% lower root mean square error, respectively) and allowed for equivalent estimation accuracy with half the sampled points in Philadelphia. Universal kriging may improve neighborhood measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Mooney
- Harborview Injury Prevention & Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Michael Dm Bader
- Center on Health, Risk, and Society, American University, Washington, DC
| | - Gina S Lovasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Andrew G Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
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163
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Muñoz E, Scott SB, Corley R, Wadsworth SJ, Sliwinski MJ, Reynolds CA. The role of neighborhood stressors on cognitive function: A coordinated analysis. Health Place 2020; 66:102442. [PMID: 32977302 PMCID: PMC7686053 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between perceived neighborhood stressors, encompassing negative perceived neighborhood characteristics, and specific cognitive abilities in adulthood. We conducted a coordinated analysis across three studies of adults in the United States and found that perceived neighborhood stressors were consistently associated with poorer performance on attention-demanding cognitive tasks. We specifically found that perceived neighborhood stressors were associated with lower performance in spatial abilities, working memory, and executive function but not perceptual speed, and that the effect was most consistent for lower perceived neighborhood safety followed by lower perceived aesthetic quality, greater perceived neighborhood crime, and lower perceived neighborhood cohesion. These results highlight the importance of the psychosocial neighborhood context for cognitive health in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Muñoz
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA; Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Stacey B Scott
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Robin Corley
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Sally J Wadsworth
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Martin J Sliwinski
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies and Center for Healthy Aging, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Chandra A Reynolds
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
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164
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Farmer N, Powell-Wiley TM, Middleton KR, Roberson B, Flynn S, Brooks AT, Kazmi N, Mitchell V, Collins B, Hingst R, Swan L, Yang S, Kakar S, Harlan T, Wallen GR. A community feasibility study of a cooking behavior intervention in African-American adults at risk for cardiovascular disease: DC COOKS (DC Community Organizing for Optimal culinary Knowledge Study) with Heart. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2020; 6:158. [PMID: 33088581 PMCID: PMC7574184 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-020-00697-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cooking interventions have increased in popularity in recent years. Evaluation by meta-analyses and systematic reviews show consistent changes in dietary quality reports and cooking confidence, but not of cardiovascular (CVD) biomarkers. Interventions evaluating or reporting behavioral mechanisms as an explanatory factor for these outcomes has been sparse. Moreover, evaluations of cooking interventions among communities with health disparities or food access limitations have received little attention in the literature. Methods This study will occur over two phases. Phase 1 will assess acceptability among the target population of African-American adults living within an urban food desert. Phase 2 will consist of a 6-week cooking intervention delivered at a community kitchen setting. Pre and post intervention visits for clinical examinations and biomarker collection will be conducted, as well as dietary and cooking skill assessments. Primary outcomes include cooking behavior and feasibility measures. Secondary outcomes are related to dietary quality, psychosocial factors, CVD biomarkers, and food environment measures. Discussion This study seeks to demonstrate feasibility of a community-based cooking intervention and to provide necessary information to plan future interventions that identify cooking behavior as an outcome of participation in cooking interventions among African-American adults, especially in relation to dietary and biomarker outcomes. Trial registration This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04305431) on March 12, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Farmer
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Tiffany M Powell-Wiley
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA.,Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD USA
| | | | - Brenda Roberson
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Sharon Flynn
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Alyssa T Brooks
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Narjis Kazmi
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Valerie Mitchell
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Billy Collins
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Rachel Hingst
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Lucy Swan
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Shanna Yang
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Seema Kakar
- George Washington University School of Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Timothy Harlan
- George Washington University School of Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Gwenyth R Wallen
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD USA
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Cserbik D, Chen JC, McConnell R, Berhane K, Sowell ER, Schwartz J, Hackman DA, Kan E, Fan CC, Herting MM. Fine particulate matter exposure during childhood relates to hemispheric-specific differences in brain structure. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 143:105933. [PMID: 32659528 PMCID: PMC7708513 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging findings have increased concern that exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution (aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm; PM2.5) may be neurotoxic, even at lower levels of exposure. Yet, additional studies are needed to determine if exposure to current PM2.5 levels may be linked to hemispheric and regional patterns of brain development in children across the United States. OBJECTIVES We examined the cross-sectional associations between geocoded measures of concurrent annual average outdoor PM2.5 exposure, regional- and hemisphere-specific differences in brain morphometry and cognition in 10,343 9- and 10- year-old children. METHODS High-resolution structural T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and NIH Toolbox measures of cognition were collected from children at ages 9-10 years. FreeSurfer was used to quantify cortical surface area, cortical thickness, as well as subcortical and cerebellum volumes in each hemisphere. PM2.5 concentrations were estimated using an ensemble-based model approach and assigned to each child's primary residential address collected at the study visit. We used mixed-effects models to examine regional- and hemispheric- effects of PM2.5 exposure on brain estimates and cognition after considering nesting of participants by familial relationships and study site, adjustment for socio-demographic factors and multiple comparisons. RESULTS Annual residential PM2.5 exposure (7.63 ± 1.57 µg/m3) was associated with hemispheric specific differences in gray matter across cortical regions of the frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobes as well as subcortical and cerebellum brain regions. There were hemispheric-specific associations between PM2.5 exposures and cortical surface area in 9/31 regions; cortical thickness in 22/27 regions; and volumes of the thalamus, pallidum, and nucleus accumbens. We found neither significant associations between PM2.5 and task performance on individual measures of neurocognition nor evidence that sex moderated the observed associations. DISCUSSION Even at relatively low-levels, current PM2.5 exposure across the U.S. may be an important environmental factor influencing patterns of structural brain development in childhood. Prospective follow-up of this cohort will help determine how current levels of PM2.5 exposure may affect brain development and subsequent risk for cognitive and emotional problems across adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Cserbik
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA
| | - Jiu-Chiuan Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA; Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Sowell
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel A Hackman
- USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Eric Kan
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Chun C Fan
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90063, USA; Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA.
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166
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Availability of public open space and the practice of leisure-time physical activity among the Brazilian adult population. Int J Public Health 2020; 65:1467-1476. [PMID: 32918552 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-020-01476-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze the perceived availability of public open space (POS) in the neighborhood for physical activity (PA) over the years and its association to practice of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) among Brazilian adult population. METHODS Data from the surveillance system of risk and protection factors for chronic diseases by telephone survey (Vigitel) from 2011 to 2015 were analyzed (n = 247,548). Prais-Winsten regression was used to investigate the trend of the perceived availability of POS, and Poisson regression to analyze its association to the LTPA. RESULTS The perceived availability of POS in the neighborhood for PA remained fairly stable, from 73.4% in 2011 to 74.0% in 2015. The perception of this availability positively associated with the sufficient practice of LTPA (≥ 150 min/week) (RP = 1.27; p < 0.05), and with the practice of different types, weekly frequency and daily duration of the activities. CONCLUSIONS In addition to the building and maintenance of POS, the proximity and physical accessibility of the population must be guaranteed, so that those spaces are perceived as a favorable environment for the practice of LTPA.
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167
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Dong L, Dubowitz T, Haas A, Ghosh-Dastidar M, Holliday SB, Buysse DJ, Hale L, Gary-Webb TL, Troxel WM. Prevalence and correlates of obstructive sleep apnea in urban-dwelling, low-income, predominantly African-American women. Sleep Med 2020; 73:187-195. [PMID: 32846281 PMCID: PMC8329940 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The current study examined the prevalence and correlates of obstructive sleep apnea in a sample of low-income, predominantly African-American women using two waves of data. METHODS Participants were adults from two urban neighborhoods who enrolled in the PHRESH Zzz Study (N = 828; Pittsburgh Hill/Homewood Research on Neighborhoods, Sleep, and Health). A subsample who reported never receiving OSA diagnosis completed home sleep apnea testing in 2016 (n = 269, mean age 55.0 years, 79.6% female) and again in 2018 (n = 135). Correlates of OSA tested included demographic and anthropometric variables, health behavior/conditions, psychological distress and general health, smoking status, actigraphy-measured sleep, and neighborhood factors measured at baseline. RESULTS 18.0% of all 2016 participants reported receiving physician diagnoses of OSA. Among those who completed in-home assessment, 19.3% had AHI ≥15 and 33.8% had AHI ≥5 plus one or more sleep symptoms. Estimates of the prevalence of OSA in all 2016 participants were 33.8%-45.7% based on physician diagnoses and AHI results, depending on the criteria used. Age, gender, BMI, blood pressure, habitual snoring, neighborhood walkability, actigraphy-measured sleep characteristics, and smoking were concurrently associated with OSA in 2016. Changes in AHI categories from 2016 to 2018 were documented. CONCLUSIONS Low-income African Americans, including women, are a high-risk group for OSA, but remain under-diagnosed and under-treated. The current findings show a high prevalence of OSA in African-American women and are among the first to demonstrate that both individual and neighborhood factors are implicated in OSA prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Dong
- RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA 90403, USA
| | | | - Ann Haas
- RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel J Buysse
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Lauren Hale
- Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Tiffany L Gary-Webb
- Departments of Epidemiology and Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Williams SC, Milam AJ, Furr-Holden CDM, Salgado CC. Measurement of Social Processes at the Neighborhood Level in Baltimore City. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 66:53-64. [PMID: 32338382 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Small-area ecological research is critical to inform place-based interventions at the neighborhood level; however, objective measurement of the social context has been limited. The current study extends the application of the Neighborhood Inventory for Environmental Typology (NIfETy) through the development and evaluation of measures of social context for a longer period of observation (3 years) and at a larger area of aggregation (census tract clusters) compared to previous studies using measures at the block-face level from a single observation. Observations from the 172-item inventory were collected from a random sample of block faces (n = 793) in Baltimore City annually over a three-year period. Through a multistep process including replication of previous measures, data reduction, and factor analysis, six unique neighborhood-level indices were generated to describe the environmental context: drug and alcohol use, violence, physical disorder, epicenter, youth activity, and improvements. An assessment of measurement consistency and validity provided support for some indices, while others had notable limitations. These indices can assist local policymakers and public health practitioners assessing the needs of individual neighborhoods and evaluating the effectiveness of place-based interventions designed to improve the neighborhood environment and population health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey C Williams
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Adam J Milam
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Flint, MI, USA
| | - C Debra M Furr-Holden
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Division of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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169
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Morris KA, Arundell L, Cleland V, Teychenne M. Social ecological factors associated with physical activity and screen time amongst mothers from disadvantaged neighbourhoods over three years. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:110. [PMID: 32859233 PMCID: PMC7456370 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-01015-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mothers from socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods are at elevated risk of physical inactivity and high levels of screen time. Yet, little is known regarding the social ecological factors that are longitudinally associated with physical activity and screen time in this target group, and whether the age of their children impacts these relationships. This study aimed to longitudinally examine the social ecological factors associated with physical activity and screen time amongst mothers living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods, and whether these differed according to their child's age. METHODS Data were from 895 mothers living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods (mean age 36.7 years) at baseline and three-year follow-up. Mothers self-reported weekly discretionary physical activity (leisure-time, LTPA; transport-related, TRPA) and screen time durations. Linear regression models assessed associations between five intrapersonal, three social and five physical environmental factors and LTPA, TRPA and screen time, adjusting for confounding factors, clustering by neighbourhood and baseline variables. Interaction analysis was conducted for age of children (younger and older children (n = 442) and mothers with older children (aged 5-12 years) only (n = 453). RESULTS In adjusted models, all intrapersonal factors (self-efficacy, enjoyment, outcome expectations, behavioural intentions and behavioural skill), social support from friends, neighbourhood cohesion and number of televisions were longitudinally associated with LTPA amongst all mothers. Interaction models showed that findings were generally consistent across groups (i.e., those with both younger and older children compared to those with older children only), with three exceptions. Physical activity enjoyment and social support from family were associated with LTPA only among mothers with older children. Neighbourhood cohesion was associated with screen time only amongst mothers with both younger and older children. No associations were detected for TRPA. CONCLUSION Intrapersonal, social and physical environmental factors were longitudinally associated with mother's LTPA, whilst neighbourhood cohesion was longitudinally associated with screen time behaviours amongst mothers. Interventions aimed at increasing LTPA amongst mothers (particularly those from socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods) may need to target all domains of the social ecological model and may require some tailoring according to the age of children. Further work is needed to identify longitudinal associations with screen time and TRPA in this population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie A Morris
- Geelong, Australia, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia.
| | - Lauren Arundell
- Geelong, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Verity Cleland
- Geelong, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Megan Teychenne
- Geelong, Australia, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
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170
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Barzilay R, Moore TM, Greenberg DM, DiDomenico GE, Brown LA, White LK, Gur RC, Gur RE. Resilience, COVID-19-related stress, anxiety and depression during the pandemic in a large population enriched for healthcare providers. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:291. [PMID: 32820171 PMCID: PMC7439246 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-00982-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic is a global calamity posing an unprecedented opportunity to study resilience. We developed a brief resilience survey probing self-reliance, emotion-regulation, interpersonal-relationship patterns and neighborhood-environment, and applied it online during the acute COVID-19 outbreak (April 6-15, 2020), on a crowdsourcing research website ( www.covid19resilience.org ) advertised through social media. We evaluated level of stress (worries) regarding COVID-19: (1) contracting, (2) dying from, (3) currently having, (4) family member contracting, (5) unknowingly infecting others with (6) experiencing significant financial burden following. Anxiety (GAD7) and depression (PHQ2) were measured. Totally, 3042 participants (n = 1964 females, age range 18-79, mean age = 39) completed the resilience and COVID-19-related stress survey and 1350 of them (mean age = 41, SD = 13; n = 997 females) completed GAD7 and PHQ2. Participants significantly endorsed more distress about family contracting COVID-19 (48.5%) and unknowingly infecting others (36%), than getting COVID-19 themselves (19.9%), p < 0.0005 covarying for demographics and proxy COVID-19 exposures like getting tested and knowing infected individuals. Patterns of COVID-19 related worries, rates of anxiety (GAD7 > 10, 22.2%) and depression (PHQ2 > 2, 16.1%) did not differ between healthcare providers and non-healthcare providers. Higher resilience scores were associated with lower COVID-19 related worries (main effect F1,3054 = 134.9; p < 0.00001, covarying for confounders). Increase in 1 SD on resilience score was associated with reduced rate of anxiety (65%) and depression (69%), across healthcare and non-healthcare professionals. Findings provide empirical evidence on mental health associated with COVID-19 outbreak in a large convenience sample, setting a stage for longitudinal studies evaluating mental health trajectories following COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Barzilay
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Lifespan Brain Institute of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Department of Child Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Tyler M Moore
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Lifespan Brain Institute of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Grace E DiDomenico
- Lifespan Brain Institute of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lily A Brown
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lauren K White
- Lifespan Brain Institute of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ruben C Gur
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Lifespan Brain Institute of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Raquel E Gur
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Lifespan Brain Institute of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Bonn SE, Hult M, Spetz K, Löf M, Andersson E, Wiren M, Trolle Lagerros Y. App Technology to Support Physical Activity and Intake of Vitamins and Minerals After Bariatric Surgery (the PromMera Study): Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2020; 9:e19624. [PMID: 32795990 PMCID: PMC7455871 DOI: 10.2196/19624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To optimize postoperative outcomes after bariatric surgery, lifestyle changes including increased physical activity are needed. Micronutrient deficiency after surgery is also common and daily supplementation is recommended. Objective The aim of the PromMera study is to evaluate the effects of a 12-week smartphone app intervention on promotion of physical activity (primary outcome) and adherence to postsurgery vitamin and mineral supplementation, as well as on other lifestyle factors and overall health in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Methods The PromMera study is a two-arm, randomized controlled trial comprising patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Participants are randomized postsurgery 1:1 to either the intervention group (ie, use of the PromMera app for 12 weeks) or the control group receiving only standard care. Clinical and lifestyle variables are assessed pre- and postsurgery after 18 weeks (postintervention assessment), 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years. Assessments include body composition using Tanita or BOD POD analyzers, muscle function using handgrip, biomarkers in blood, and an extensive questionnaire on lifestyle factors. Physical activity is objectively measured using the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT triaxial accelerometer. Results A total of 154 participants have been enrolled in the study. The last study participant was recruited in May 2019. Data collection will be complete in May 2021. Conclusions Implementing lifestyle changes are crucial after bariatric surgery and new ways to reach patients and support such changes are needed. An app-based intervention is easily delivered at any time and can be a key factor in the adoption of healthier behavioral patterns in this rapidly growing group of patients. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03480464; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03480464 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/19624
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Erika Bonn
- Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mari Hult
- Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Upper Abdominal Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristina Spetz
- Department of Surgery, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.,Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Marie Löf
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ellen Andersson
- Department of Surgery, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.,Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Mikael Wiren
- Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ylva Trolle Lagerros
- Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Obesity, Academic Specialist Center, Stockholm Health Services, Stockholm, Sweden
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172
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Scott CK, Colasanti K, Parks CA. The Weekend Food Odyssey: Perceptions of Accessibility to Urban Food Outlets. JOURNAL OF HUNGER & ENVIRONMENTAL NUTRITION 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2020.1806982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kelly Scott
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Sociology, and Education, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kathryn Colasanti
- Center for Regional Food Systems, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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173
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Hosokawa R, Katsura T. The Relationship between Neighborhood Environment and Child Mental Health in Japanese Elementary School Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17155491. [PMID: 32751397 PMCID: PMC7432741 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Limited research has examined the relationship between neighborhood environment and mental health outcomes in elementary school students (middle childhood). In countries with high relative poverty, little is known about how neighborhood conditions are related to children's health after controlling for family socioeconomic status; thus, it is necessary to distinguish the particular neighborhood characteristics relevant to behavioral risk in children, independent of socioeconomic position. Using a self-report survey completed by parents, we assessed neighborhood environment characteristics, children's behavioral outcomes, and family socioeconomic status in fourth grade students from Nagoya, in Aichi prefecture, Japan (n = 695). A multiple linear regression was conducted to evaluate to what extent neighborhood characteristics predict child behaviors, after adjusting for socioeconomic variables. Greater aesthetic quality, walkability, accessibility of healthy foods, safety, and social cohesion were inversely linked to children's behavioral problems and positively linked to social competence, suggesting that quality of living environment may affect behavioral outcomes in children, even after controlling for socioeconomic factors. Developing a quality environment that matches these characteristics may minimize the negative impact of a family's socioeconomic distress and is likely to aid socioeconomically disadvantaged parents and their children. Thus, policies and programs that enhance the neighborhood environment for socioeconomically disadvantaged families should be promoted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikuya Hosokawa
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-75-751-4154
| | - Toshiki Katsura
- Faculty of Health Care, Tenri Health Care University, Tenri 632-0018, Japan;
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174
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Tamura K, Langerman SD, Orstad SL, Neally SJ, Andrews MR, Ceasar JN, Sims M, Lee JE, Powell-Wiley TM. Physical activity-mediated associations between perceived neighborhood social environment and depressive symptoms among Jackson Heart Study participants. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:91. [PMID: 32650787 PMCID: PMC7350640 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-00991-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the associations between perceived neighborhood social environment (PNSE) and depressive symptoms among African Americans. Furthermore, the role of physical activity (PA) as a mediator of this association has not been investigated. The two-fold objectives of this study, therefore, were (1) to examine the associations between PNSE and depressive symptoms among African Americans, and (2) to test the degree to which these associations were mediated by total PA. METHODS We used baseline data from the Jackson Heart Study (JHS), a single-site, prospective, community-based study of African-American adults (n = 2209) recruited from Jackson, Mississippi. PNSE variables included scores for neighborhood violence (i.e., higher score = more violence), problems (higher score = more problems), and social cohesion (higher score = more cohesion). Depressive symptoms were measured by the 20-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) score. First, multilevel modeling, controlling for census tract clustering effects, was used to estimate associations between each PNSE variable and CES-D score, adjusting for covariates, including demographic, health-related, and population density. Second, validated, self-reported total PA, based on active living, sport, and home indices, was tested as the mediator. Multivariable linear regressions with bootstrap-generated 95% bias-corrected confidence intervals (BC CIs) were estimated to test for significant unstandardized indirect effects, controlling for all covariates. RESULTS Our participants were 64.2% female with a mean age of 52.6 (SD = 12.2) and a mean CES-D score of 10.8 (SD = 8.1). In the fully-adjusted model, neighborhood violence and problems were positively related to depressive symptoms (B = 3.59, 95%CI = 0.93, 6.26, and B = 3.06, 95%CI = 1.19, 4.93, respectively). Neighborhood violence and problems were also indirectly related to depressive symptoms via total PA (B = 0.26, 95%BC CI = 0.05, 0.55; and B = 0.15, 95%BC CI = 0.02, 0.34, respectively). Social cohesion was neither directly nor indirectly related to depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS We found that higher levels of perceived neighborhood problems and violence were directly and positively associated with depressive symptoms. These associations may be explained in part by lower total PA levels. Future interventions to reduce depressive symptoms attributed to neighborhood features should consider emphasizing built environment features that facilitate PA increases in conjunction with community efforts to reduce neighborhood violence and problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Tamura
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | | | - Stephanie L Orstad
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Innovation, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sam J Neally
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Marcus R Andrews
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Joniqua N Ceasar
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Mario Sims
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Jae E Lee
- Research Centers in Minority Institutions Translational Research Network Data Coordinating Center, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Tiffany M Powell-Wiley
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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175
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Food security moderates relationship between perceived food environment and diet quality among adults in communities with low access to healthy food retail. Public Health Nutr 2020; 24:2975-2986. [PMID: 32611453 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020001317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between food security status, diet quality measured using Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) scores, demographics and the following factors: perceptions of healthy food availability, healthy eating identity and perceived control of healthy eating. DESIGN A cross-sectional study in 2016-2017 using three 24-h dietary recalls and one psychosocial survey. SETTING Two urban communities in Cleveland and Columbus, Ohio, USA, with low access to healthy food retailers. PARTICIPANTS Primary food shoppers living in the targeted geographic areas (N 450). RESULTS Our results indicated that high school graduates had lower HEI-2010 scores compared with participants who had some college education or more (β = -2·77, P = 0·02). Participants receiving Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits had lower HEI-2010 scores (β = -2·69, P = 0·03). Healthy eating identity was associated with higher HEI-2010 scores (β = 1·85, P = 0·004). Food security status moderated the relationship between perception of healthy food availability and HEI-2010 scores. Among participants with very low food security (VLFS), greater perceptions of healthy food availability were associated with higher HEI-2010 scores (β = 3·25, P = 0·03), compared with food secure participants. Only 14 % of VLFS participants used a personal vehicle as transportation to their primary food shopping store. CONCLUSIONS Findings offer targets for future intervention development and evaluation to promote community nutrition. These targets include strategies to improve the value of SNAP benefits, promote access to quality education, increase transportation options to healthy food retailers and develop nutrition programming to promote healthy eating identity.
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176
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Associations between Subjective and Objective Measures of the Community Food Environment and Executive Function in Early Childhood. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12071944. [PMID: 32629859 PMCID: PMC7400594 DOI: 10.3390/nu12071944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study utilized a cross-sectional design to assess whether two indicators of the community food environment, parent perceptions of the community food environment (i.e., as assessed by parent reports of access to, availability, and affordability of foods) and limited food access (via census data), were related to executive function in preschool children. Children were recruited during the 2014–2015 academic year from Head Start and community-based preschools (N = 102) and children’s executive function ability was tested using the Head–Toes–Knees–Shoulders task. Multiple linear regression analysis was used, as well as adjusted standard errors to account for clustering at the classroom level. Parent reports of their food environment were significantly related to children’s executive function, such that children living in higher quality community food environments had better executive function. In contrast, limited food access using census data was not significantly related to executive function. The results suggest that parent reports of the community food environment in early childhood may contribute to young children’s cognitive outcomes more so than being in a limited food access area, as these data may not represent individual behaviors or capture the variability of the accessibility and affordability of healthy foods. Policy makers should consider correlations between the food environment and early executive functioning when developing new community health/wellness legislation.
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177
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Joseph RP, Vega-López S. Associations of perceived neighborhood environment and physical activity with metabolic syndrome among Mexican-Americans adults: a cross sectional examination. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:306. [PMID: 32591027 PMCID: PMC7320589 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05143-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This secondary data analysis examined associations among perceived neighborhood environmental factors, physical activity (PA), and the presence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in Mexican–American (MA) adults. Seventy-five MA adults (mean age of 37.9 ± 9.3 years) provided anthropometric, biomarker, and survey data. The Neighborhood Scales Questionnaire evaluated six perceived neighborhood factors: walking environment, aesthetic quality, safety, violence, social cohesion, and activities with neighbors. The Rapid Assessment of PA questionnaire assessed PA. MS was determined according to ATP III criteria. Results PA was significantly associated with MS (OR = .338, CI .204–.738). Neighborhood factors of safety (B = .255, p = .024), walking environment (B = .384, p = .001), and social cohesion (B = .230, p = .043) were positively associated with PA. No other neighborhood factors were significantly related to PA. Analyses examining whether neighborhood factors moderated the relationship between PA and MS were not significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney P Joseph
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 500 N 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
| | - Sonia Vega-López
- College of Health Solutions and Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, 500 N 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
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178
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Seixas A, Connors C, Chung A, Donley T, Jean-Louis G. A Pantheoretical Framework to Optimize Adherence to Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors and Medication Adherence: The Use of Personalized Approaches to Overcome Barriers and Optimize Facilitators to Achieve Adherence. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020; 8:e16429. [PMID: 32579121 PMCID: PMC7381082 DOI: 10.2196/16429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Patient nonadherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors and medical treatments (like medication adherence) accounts for a significant portion of chronic disease burden. Despite the plethora of behavioral interventions to overcome key modifiable/nonmodifiable barriers and enable facilitators to adherence, short- and long-term adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors and medical treatments is still poor. To optimize adherence, we aimed to provide a novel mobile health solution steeped in precision and personalized population health and a pantheoretical approach that increases the likelihood of adherence. We have described the stages of a pantheoretical approach utilizing tailoring, clustering/profiling, personalizing, and optimizing interventions/strategies to obtain adherence and highlight the minimal engineering needed to build such a solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizi Seixas
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Alicia Chung
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Tiffany Donley
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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179
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Jang M, Brown R, Vang PY. The Relationships Between Parental Stress, Home Food Environment, and Child Diet Patterns in Families of Preschool Children. Am J Health Promot 2020; 35:131-139. [PMID: 32515202 DOI: 10.1177/0890117120929541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Home food environment, including home food availability and parental food preparation practices, plays a significant role in child diet patterns. Recent evidence suggests that parental psychological stress is related to parental food preparation practices; however, there is limited information about the relationship between parental psychological stress and home food availability. The purpose of the study is to examine the relationships between parental stress, home food availability, child diet patterns, and body mass index (BMI) in families with young children. DESIGN A secondary data analysis from a mixed-methods design study. SETTING The parent study was conducted in both local and online communities using a web-based survey. PARTICIPANTS Participants were 256 parents of children aged 2 to 5 years (53.4% white; 41.5% of overweight or obese children). MEASURES Parents completed well-validated self-report questionnaires. ANALYSIS We used latent structural equation modeling using Bayesian analysis. RESULTS There was a negative relationship between parents' general stress and healthy food availability at home (β* = -.20, P < .001 for fruits; β* = -.23, P < .001 for vegetables; and β* = -.24, P < .001 for healthy beverage) and a positive relationship between parenting stress and healthy snack and healthy beverage availability (β = .13, P = .03; β = .14, P = .02, respectively). There was no relationship between parental stress and unhealthy food availability at home while unhealthy food availability was significantly associated with child's unhealthy eating pattern (β* = .86, P < .01 for unhealthy snack; β* = .51, P < .01 for unhealthy beverage). There was no moderating effect of children's health insurance on the relationships between parental stress and home food availability. Furthermore, child diet patterns were not associated with child BMI. CONCLUSION Parental psychological stress is a potentially important intervention target point for improving home food environment and child diet patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoungock Jang
- College of Nursing, 26715Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Roger Brown
- 5228University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Nursing, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Pa Ying Vang
- 5228University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Nursing, Madison, WI, USA
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180
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Moore TM, White LK, Barzilay R, Calkins ME, Jones JD, Young JF, Gur RC, Gur RE. Development of a scale battery for rapid assessment of risk and resilience. Psychiatry Res 2020; 288:112996. [PMID: 32361336 PMCID: PMC7331278 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
It is critical to understand the factors that increase risk for development of psychiatric disorders as well as promote resilience against disorders. The current study describes the development of a brief tool for risk/resilience assessment that takes a broad perspective of "risk" and "resilience" to characterize the phenomena, and assesses multiple factors that span intrapersonal, interpersonal, and wide-ranging external contexts. We administered twelve scales (212 items) to a diverse population comprising help-seeking and community participants (N = 298; 46% female) in the greater Philadelphia area. We used exploratory item-factor analysis to determine how items cluster across scales. After determining that a seven-factor solution was optimal, computerized adaptive testing (CAT) simulation was run to determine what would happen if the seven full-form factors were administered adaptively. These results were used to select items for short-form scales, producing seven final scales (items = 47). Validity was assessed by relating short-form scores to demographics, clinical diagnoses, scales, and criteria; these relationships were also compared to the relationships found with the original scales. Almost all effects detected by the twelve original scales were detected by the substantially abbreviated short-forms. The abbreviated battery shows promise for rapid assessment of multiple risk and resilience parameters, a necessity in large-scale studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler M. Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Lifespan Brain Institute, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lauren K. White
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Lifespan Brain Institute, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ran Barzilay
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Lifespan Brain Institute, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Monica E. Calkins
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Lifespan Brain Institute, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jason D. Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Lifespan Brain Institute, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jami F. Young
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Lifespan Brain Institute, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ruben C. Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Lifespan Brain Institute, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Raquel E. Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Behavior Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Lifespan Brain Institute, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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181
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Tabb LP, McClure LA, Ortiz A, Melly S, Jones MR, Kershaw KN, Roux AVD. Assessing the spatial heterogeneity in black-white differences in optimal cardiovascular health and the impact of individual- and neighborhood-level risk factors: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2020; 33:100332. [PMID: 32370943 PMCID: PMC7205896 DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2020.100332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Racial disparities in cardiovascular health (CVH) continue to remain a public health concern in the United States. We use unique population-based data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis cohort to explore the black-white differences in optimal CVH. Utilizing geographically weighted regression methods, we assess the spatial heterogeneity in black-white differences in optimal CVH and the impact of both individual- and neighborhood-level risk factors. We found evidence of significant spatial heterogeneity in black-white differences that varied within and between the five sites. Initial models showed decreased odds of optimal CVH for blacks that ranged from 60% to 70% reduced odds - with noticeable variation of these decreased odds within each site. Adjusting for risk factors resulted in reductions in the black-white differences in optimal CVH. Further understanding of the reasons for spatial heterogeneities in black-white differences in nationally representative cohorts may provide important clues regarding the drivers of these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loni Philip Tabb
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Leslie A McClure
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Angel Ortiz
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Steven Melly
- Urban Health Collaborative, Drexel University, 3600 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Miranda R Jones
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Kiarri N Kershaw
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 680N. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Ana V Diez Roux
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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182
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Estrella ML, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Gallo LC, Isasi CR, Perreira KM, Vu THT, Vasquez E, Sachdeva S, Zeng D, Llabre MM, Tarraf W, González HM, Daviglus ML, Lamar M. Associations between perceived neighborhood environment and cognitive function among middle-aged and older women and men: Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Sociocultural Ancillary Study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2020; 55:685-696. [PMID: 31974810 PMCID: PMC7276286 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-019-01829-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine cross-sectional associations between perceived neighborhood environment and cognitive function among middle-aged and older Hispanic/Latino women and men. METHODS Data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (2008-2011) and its Sociocultural Ancillary Study (2009-2010) were used. Participants were Hispanic/Latino women (n = 1812) and men (n = 1034) aged 45-74 years. Survey-weighted linear regression models were used to examine associations between self-reported perceived neighborhood environment (i.e., neighborhood social cohesion and problems categorized as quintiles, and neighborhood safety from crime categorized as low, medium, or high) with cognitive function (i.e., global cognition, verbal learning, memory, verbal fluency, and processing speed scores) in women and men. Final model adjusted for age, Hispanic/Latino background, language, field site, household income, education, years lived in neighborhood, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Women in the lowest quintile of perceived neighborhood problems (vs. highest quintile) had higher global cognition (β 0.48, 95% CI 0.03, 0.94, p trend 0.229) and memory scores (0.60, 95% CI 0.11, 1.09, p trend: 0.060). Women in the highest quintile of perceived neighborhood social cohesion (vs. lowest quintile) had lower global cognition (β - 0.56, 95% CI - 1.02, - 0.09, p trend 0.004), verbal learning (B - 1.01, 95% CI - 2.00, - 0.03, p trend 0.015), verbal fluency (B - 2.00, 95% CI - 3.83, - 0.16, p trend 0.006), and processing speed (B - 2.11, 95% CI - 3.87, - 0.36, p trend 0.009). There was no association between perceived neighborhood safety from crime and cognition among women, or between any perceived neighborhood environment measure and cognition among men. CONCLUSIONS Middle-aged and older Hispanic/Latina women living in neighborhoods with the lowest perceived problems had higher global cognition and memory. Women living in neighborhoods with the highest perceived social cohesion had lower global cognition, verbal learning, verbal fluency, and processing speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra L Estrella
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois At Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Ramon A Durazo-Arvizu
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois At Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Thanh-Huyen T Vu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth Vasquez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Shruti Sachdeva
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois At Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Donglin Zeng
- Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Maria M Llabre
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Department of Healthcare Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Hector M González
- Department of Neurosciences and Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois At Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Melissa Lamar
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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183
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Zheng Z, Gao J, Yang Y. The Enigma of Gender Differences in an Environment-Behavior-Health Model of Elderly People: The Choice Between Individually and Sociality. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17103483. [PMID: 32429440 PMCID: PMC7277791 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gender difference in the health of elderly people has become an important perspective to consider when studying their health. However, the gender differences in terms of “environment–behavior–health” from the social ecology perspective remain unknown. On the basis of survey data from Shanghai, China, including 2839 samples, this study explored the gender differences of outdoor environment–behavior–activity ability in elderly people from two aspects of the mean value of variables and the path relationship, utilizing the structural equation model analysis method combined with social ecology theory. The results showed that, at the level of the mean of variables, the elderly males had significantly higher mean values than the females in terms of individual behaviors, but had significantly lower values in terms of social behaviors. At the level of path relationships, there were similarities in that the health of elderly males was more likely to be affected by individual factors, whereas that of the females was more effected by social factors. Through the great positive effect of the high-level social behaviors, the health of the elderly females was progressively promoted. The study provided some useful insights for future research, aiming at promoting gender-sensitive urban design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Zheng
- College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China;
| | - Junling Gao
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China;
| | - Ye Yang
- College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China;
- Correspondence:
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184
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Cleland V, Timperio A, Sharman MJ, Dollman J. Test-retest reliability of a self-reported physical activity environment instrument for use in rural settings. Aust J Rural Health 2020; 28:168-179. [PMID: 32390206 DOI: 10.1111/ajr.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known about how the physical environment impacts physical activity behaviour among rural populations, who are typically less active and at higher risk of chronic disease than urban dwellers. The lack of individual-level instruments to assess the physical environment in rural areas limits advancement of this field. Among rural adults, this study aimed to evaluate (a) the test-retest reliability of a self-reported questionnaire of individual-level perceptions of the physical activity environment, and (b) the stability of a self-reported physical activity questionnaire. DESIGN Cross-sectional questionnaire repeated twice, 2 weeks apart. The questionnaire included 94 items relating to the perceived physical environment (representing nine summary scores), demographic characteristics and physical activity. SETTING Rural Australia. PARTICIPANTS Rurally residing adults (≥18 years) across three Australian states. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Test-retest reliability evaluated by weighted Kappa statistics (individual items) and intra-class correlations (summary scores). RESULTS A total of 292 participants (20% men) completed both questionnaires, on average 22 days apart. Test-retest reliability of individual items ranged from weighted Kappa 0.37-0.85 (median: 0.59). Internal reliability for five summary scores was good to excellent (Cronbach's alpha: 0.81-0.97). Test-retest reliability was good to excellent for six summary scores (intra-class correlations: 0.67-0.77). CONCLUSIONS The findings indicated good to excellent test-retest reliability for most items, particularly "fixed" constructs for this new questionnaire measuring the perceived physical environment in rural populations. This study represents an important step towards improving measurement of physical activity environments in rural populations, potentially leading to better tailored interventions to promote active and healthy living in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verity Cleland
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Anna Timperio
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Vic., Australia
| | - Melanie J Sharman
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - James Dollman
- Exercise for Health and Human Performance Research Group, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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185
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Li J, Auchincloss AH, Yang Y, Rodriguez DA, Sánchez BN. Neighborhood characteristics and transport walking: Exploring multiple pathways of influence using a structural equation modeling approach. JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT GEOGRAPHY 2020; 85:102703. [PMID: 32655214 PMCID: PMC7351081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2020.102703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In studies of neighborhood effects on transport walking, residential preferences along with other personal characteristics (walking attitude, factors that affect decision to walk for transport) are important factors to consider. However, few studies have examined relationships between neighborhood characteristics and transport walking accounting for a complex suite of personal factors. This study employed a structural equation modeling approach to examine associations between neighborhood characteristics and transport walking behaviors by accounting for residential preferences, self-assessed factors that affect decision to walk for transportation, and socio-demographics; and to examine whether neighborhood effects were modified by walking attitude and residential preferences. Based on a cross-sectional phone and mail survey of 2,848 residents of New York City, Baltimore, Chicago, Los Angeles, St. Paul, and Winston Salem in 2011-12, we found neighborhood characteristics had significant independent associations with transport walking, even after adjusting for residential preferences and other personal factors. Neighborhood effects on transport walking did not differ significantly by walking attitude or residential preferences. Our findings highlight the importance of neighborhood effects in promoting transport walking, and suggest that while residential preferences are important factors, they do not obviate the neighborhood effects on transport walking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3600 Market St. 7 Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Amy H. Auchincloss
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3600 Market St. 7 Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Nesbitt Hall, 3215 Market St. Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yong Yang
- Division of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, 203 Robison Hall, Memphis, TN, 38152
| | - Daniel A. Rodriguez
- Department of City & Regional Planning and Institute for Transportation Studies, University of California Berkeley, 230 Wurster Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Brisa N. Sánchez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Nesbitt Hall, 3215 Market St. Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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186
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Moderators of Parents' Perceptions of the Neighborhood Environment and Children's Physical Activity, Time Outside, and Screen Time. J Phys Act Health 2020; 17:557-565. [PMID: 32294621 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2019-0433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased physical inactivity and sedentary behavior among children are a global health concern. PURPOSE Examine associations between parents' perceived neighborhood environment and children's physical activity, outside time, and screen time, and whether these associations were moderated by age and socioeconomic position (SEP). METHODS Parents (N = 1212) completed a survey during the Recording and EValuating Activity in a Modified Park study. The neighborhood perceptions (social and physical environment), children's age, physical activity, outside time, and screen time were parent-reported. The SEP was derived from the Index of Relative Socio-economic Advantage and Disadvantage. Multiple linear and logistic regressions were performed with age and SEP interactions. RESULTS Favorable perceptions of opportunities to be active and exercise were associated with a higher likelihood of meeting physical activity guidelines. Favorable perceptions of neighborhood ease for walking and a larger social network were also associated with more outdoor time. Moderation analyses revealed that favorable perceptions of several physical and social neighborhood environment features were associated with a higher likelihood of meeting physical activity guidelines in the high-SEP group and were negatively associated with preschoolers' weekday screen time. CONCLUSION Future neighborhood environment initiatives and interventions aiming to promote active living communities should consider differences in age and SEP.
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187
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Schmidt NM, Nguyen QC, Kehm R, Osypuk TL. Do changes in neighborhood social context mediate the effects of the moving to opportunity experiment on adolescent mental health? Health Place 2020; 63:102331. [PMID: 32543421 PMCID: PMC7306437 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether changes in neighborhood context induced by neighborhood relocation mediated the impact of the Moving to Opportunity (MTO) housing voucher experiment on adolescent mental health. Mediators included participant-reported neighborhood safety, social control, disorder, and externally-collected neighborhood collective efficacy. For treatment group members, improvement in neighborhood disorder and drug activity partially explained MTO's beneficial effects on girls' distress. Improvement in neighborhood disorder, violent victimization, and informal social control helped counteract MTO's adverse effects on boys' behavioral problems, but not distress. Housing mobility policy targeting neighborhood improvements may improve mental health for adolescent girls, and mitigate harmful effects for boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Schmidt
- Minnesota Population Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Quynh C Nguyen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca Kehm
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Theresa L Osypuk
- Minnesota Population Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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188
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Sharpe PA, Bell BA, Liese AD, Wilcox S, Stucker J, Hutto BE. Effects of a food hub initiative in a disadvantaged community: A quasi-experimental evaluation. Health Place 2020; 63:102341. [PMID: 32543428 PMCID: PMC7357735 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A quasi-experiment evaluated a food hub's (FH) impact in a low-income/low-access (food desert) setting on fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake, diet quality, kilocalories, perceived food environment, BMI, and farmers' market shopping versus a matched community (n = 265 FH, n = 262 Comparison). Comparison shoppers had better baseline perceptions of their food environment, but FH shoppers improved significantly more than Comparison shoppers. Comparison shoppers significantly increased F&V intake versus FH shoppers. Effects were not significant for other diet outcomes, BMI, or farmers' market shopping. Factors besides spacial access to healthy food need consideration to address dietary intake and obesity in disadvantaged communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Sharpe
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
| | - Bethany A Bell
- College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, 1512 Pendelton Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
| | - Angela D Liese
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
| | - Sara Wilcox
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States; Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
| | - Jessica Stucker
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
| | - Brent E Hutto
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
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189
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Islam SJ, Kim JH, Topel M, Liu C, Ko YA, Mujahid MS, Sims M, Mubasher M, Ejaz K, Morgan-Billingslea J, Jones K, Waller EK, Jones D, Uppal K, Dunbar SB, Pemu P, Vaccarino V, Searles CD, Baltrus P, Lewis TT, Quyyumi AA, Taylor H. Cardiovascular Risk and Resilience Among Black Adults: Rationale and Design of the MECA Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015247. [PMID: 32340530 PMCID: PMC7428584 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.015247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease incidence, prevalence, morbidity, and mortality have declined in the past several decades; however, disparities persist among subsets of the population. Notably, blacks have not experienced the same improvements on the whole as whites. Furthermore, frequent reports of relatively poorer health statistics among the black population have led to a broad assumption that black race reliably predicts relatively poorer health outcomes. However, substantial intraethnic and intraracial heterogeneity exists; moreover, individuals with similar risk factors and environmental exposures are often known to experience vastly different cardiovascular health outcomes. Thus, some individuals have good outcomes even in the presence of cardiovascular risk factors, a concept known as resilience. Methods and Results The MECA (Morehouse‐Emory Center for Health Equity) Study was designed to investigate the multilevel exposures that contribute to “resilience” in the face of risk for poor cardiovascular health among blacks in the greater Atlanta, GA, metropolitan area. We used census tract data to determine “at‐risk” and “resilient” neighborhoods with high or low prevalence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, based on cardiovascular death, hospitalization, and emergency department visits for blacks. More than 1400 individuals from these census tracts assented to demographic, health, and psychosocial questionnaires administered through telephone surveys. Afterwards, ≈500 individuals were recruited to enroll in a clinical study, where risk biomarkers, such as oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers, endothelial progenitor cells, metabolomic and microRNA profiles, and subclinical vascular dysfunction were measured. In addition, comprehensive behavioral questionnaires were collected and ideal cardiovascular health metrics were assessed using the American Heart Association's Life Simple 7 measure. Last, 150 individuals with low Life Simple 7 were recruited and randomized to a behavioral mobile health (eHealth) plus health coach or eHealth only intervention and followed up for improvement. Conclusions The MECA Study is investigating socioenvironmental and individual behavioral measures that promote resilience to cardiovascular disease in blacks by assessing biological, functional, and molecular mechanisms. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT03308812.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabatun J Islam
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA
| | - Jeong Hwan Kim
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA
| | - Matthew Topel
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA
| | - Chang Liu
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA.,Department of Epidemiology Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta GA
| | - Yi-An Ko
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta GA
| | - Mahasin S Mujahid
- Division of Epidemiology School of Public Health University of California Berkeley CA
| | - Mario Sims
- Department of Medicine University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MS
| | - Mohamed Mubasher
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine Morehouse School of Medicine Atlanta GA
| | - Kiran Ejaz
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA
| | - Jan Morgan-Billingslea
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine Morehouse School of Medicine Atlanta GA
| | - Kia Jones
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA
| | - Edmund K Waller
- Department of Hematology and Oncology Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA
| | - Dean Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA
| | - Karan Uppal
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA
| | - Sandra B Dunbar
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing Emory University Atlanta GA
| | - Priscilla Pemu
- Department of Medicine Morehouse School of Medicine Atlanta GA
| | - Viola Vaccarino
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA.,Department of Epidemiology Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta GA
| | - Charles D Searles
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA
| | - Peter Baltrus
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine Morehouse School of Medicine Atlanta GA.,National Center for Primary Care Morehouse School of Medicine Atlanta GA
| | - Tené T Lewis
- Department of Epidemiology Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta GA
| | - Arshed A Quyyumi
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA
| | - Herman Taylor
- Department of Medicine Morehouse School of Medicine Atlanta GA
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Pischke CR, Voelcker-Rehage C, Peters M, Ratz T, Pohlabeln H, Meyer J, von Holdt K, Lippke S. Implementation and Effects of Information Technology-Based and Print-Based Interventions to Promote Physical Activity Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Protocol for a Randomized Crossover Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2020; 9:e15168. [PMID: 32338622 PMCID: PMC7215507 DOI: 10.2196/15168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the known health benefits of physical activity (PA), less than half and less than one-third of older adults in Germany reach the PA recommendations for endurance training and strength training, respectively, of the World Health Organization. The aim of this study is to investigate the implementation and effectiveness over the course of 9 months of two interventions (information technology [IT]-based vs print-based) for PA promotion among initially inactive older adults in a randomized, crossover trial. This study is part of a large research consortium (2015-2021) investigating different aspects of PA promotion. The IT-based intervention was previously developed and refined, while the print-based intervention was newly developed during this funding phase. OBJECTIVE We aim to compare the effectiveness and examine the preferences of study participants regarding both delivery modes. METHODS Our target sample size was 390 initially inactive community-dwelling older adults aged ≥60 years at baseline (3-month follow-up [T1]: expected n=300; 9-month follow-up [T2]: expected n=240) who were randomized to one of two interventions for self-monitoring PA: IT-based (50%) or print-based (50%) intervention. In addition, 30% of the IT-based intervention group received a PA tracker. At T1, participants in both groups could choose whether they prefered to keep their assigned intervention or cross over to the other group for the following 6 months (T2). Participants' intervention preferences at baseline were collected retrospectively to run a post hoc matched-mismatched analysis. During the initial 3-month intervention period, both intervention groups were offered weekly group sessions that were continued monthly between T1 and T2. A self-administered questionnaire and 3D accelerometers were employed to assess changes in PA between baseline, T1, and T2. Adherence to PA recommendations, attendance at group sessions, and acceptance of the interventions were also tracked. RESULTS The funding period started in February 2018 and ends in January 2021. We obtained institutional review board approval for the study from the Medical Association in Bremen on July 3, 2018. Data collection was completed on January 31, 2020, and data cleaning and analysis started in February 2020. We expect to publish the first results by the end of the funding period. CONCLUSIONS Strategies to promote active aging are of particular relevance in Germany, as 29% of the population is projected to be ≥65 years old by 2030. Regular PA is a key contributor to healthy aging. This study will provide insights into the acceptance and effectiveness of IT-based vs print-based interventions to promote PA in initially inactive individuals aged ≥60 years. Results obtained in this study will improve the existing evidence base on the effectiveness of community-based PA interventions in Germany and will inform efforts to anchor evidence-based PA interventions in community structures and organizations via an allocation of permanent health insurance funds. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Registry of Clinical Trials DRKS00016073; https://tinyurl.com/y983586m. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/15168.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia R Pischke
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
- Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Manuela Peters
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Tiara Ratz
- Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Hermann Pohlabeln
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jochen Meyer
- OFFIS - Institute for Information Technology, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Kai von Holdt
- OFFIS - Institute for Information Technology, Oldenburg, Germany
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191
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Uebelacker LA, Sillice MA, Epstein-Lubow G, Battle CL, Anderson B, Caviness C, Miller IW, Abrantes AM. Combined intervention approaches for initiating and maintaining physical activity in depressed individuals: design and rationale of the Project MOVE randomized clinical trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2020; 91:105974. [PMID: 32151752 PMCID: PMC8017446 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2020.105974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Regular engagement in physical activity decreases risks for many chronic conditions, and may also improve depression symptoms. However, rates of physical activity and adherence to exercise interventions remain low among depressed individuals relative to non-depressed individuals. METHODS This is a study protocol for Project MOVE. This study is a theoretically-driven, 3-arm randomized controlled trial for increasing physical activity with depressed adults. Each successive arm includes an added component that may serve to increase and maintain physical activity. The arms are: 1) Brief advice (BA) to exercise alone (minimal treatment control condition); 2) BA + supervised and home-based exercise (SHE) + health education (HE; serves as contact control for CBEX); and 3) BA + SHE +cognitive-behavioral sessions focused on increasing and maintaining exercise (CBEX). The target sample size is 240. Assessments are conducted at baseline, Month 1.5, end of intervention (month 3), and at 6 and 9 months. The primary outcome is minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, assessed via an accelerometer. Secondary outcomes include cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and depression, and maintenance of moderate-vigorous physical activity through 6 and 9 month follow-ups. Mediators and moderators derived from behavior change theories, including the Health Behavior Model, Self-Determination Theory, and Social Ecological Theory, will be examined. CONCLUSION Project MOVE is designed to test primarily whether both a structured exercise program (SHE) and a cognitive-behavioral group (CBEX) increase physical activity in depressed adults during both a 3-month intervention period, and during the 6-months that follow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Uebelacker
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Psychosocial Research Program, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Marie A Sillice
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Psychosocial Research Program, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Behavioral Medicine & Addiction Research, Butler Hospital, Providen,ce, RI, USA.
| | - Gary Epstein-Lubow
- Psychosocial Research Program, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Health Services, Policy and Practice of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Cynthia L Battle
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Psychosocial Research Program, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Women's Behavioral Health, Women & Infants' Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Bradley Anderson
- Behavioral Medicine & Addiction Research, Butler Hospital, Providen,ce, RI, USA
| | - Celeste Caviness
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Behavioral Medicine & Addiction Research, Butler Hospital, Providen,ce, RI, USA
| | - Ivan W Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Psychosocial Research Program, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ana M Abrantes
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Behavioral Medicine & Addiction Research, Butler Hospital, Providen,ce, RI, USA
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192
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Carins JE, Rundle-Thiele S, Ong D. Keep them coming back: The role of variety and aesthetics in institutional food satisfaction. Food Qual Prefer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2019.103832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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193
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Cleland V, Cocker F, Canary J, Teychenne M, Crawford D, Timperio A, Ball K. Social-ecological predictors of physical activity patterns: A longitudinal study of women from socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. Prev Med 2020; 132:105995. [PMID: 31954139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.105995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Limited longitudinal evidence of the predictors of physical activity (PA) patterns over time exists, particularly among high-risk groups such as women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. This study aimed to: 1) describe leisure-time PA (LTPA) and transport-related PA (TRPA) patterns over time; and 2) identify individual, social and physical environmental predictors of LTPA and TRPA patterns over five years. Baseline (2007-08) data were collected and analysed (2016-18) from n = 4349 women (18-46 years) from disadvantaged areas of Victoria, Australia. Three- and five-year follow-up data were collected in 2010-11 (n = 1912) and 2012 (n = 1560). LTPA and TRPA were self-reported using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and patterns categorised as consistently low, persistently increasing, persistently decreasing, or inconsistent. Compared to a consistently low LTPA pattern, greater family support predicted both persistent decreases (odds ratio [OR] 1.20, 95% CI 1.05-1.36) and persistent increases (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.04-1.32) in LTPA, while access to childcare predicted inconsistent LTPA patterns (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.03-2.65). For both LTPA and TRPA, PA enjoyment predicted persistent increases (LTPA: OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.10; TRPA: OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.07), persistent decreases (LTPA: OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.00-1.08; TRPA OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.99-1.08), and inconsistent patterns (LTPA: OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.07; TRPA: OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.06). Although directionality was inconsistent, and the magnitude of effects were small, PA enjoyment, family social support for PA and access to childcare warrant further investigation and consideration as potentially key factors impacting PA patterns among women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verity Cleland
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - Fiona Cocker
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jana Canary
- Department of Developmental Studies, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, United States of America
| | - Megan Teychenne
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Crawford
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anna Timperio
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kylie Ball
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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194
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Zhang H, Lee ZX, White T, Qiu A. Parental and social factors in relation to child psychopathology, behavior, and cognitive function. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:80. [PMID: 32102994 PMCID: PMC7044210 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-0761-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Parental and social factors have long-term impact on the neurodevelopment of offspring, but tend to highly covary with each other. Thus, it is difficult to parse out which parental and social factor contributes most to neurodevelopmental outcomes. This study aimed to assess clusters of parental and social factors associated with child psychopathology, behavioral problems, and cognition. This study employed the data of 11,875 children (9 to 11 years) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on 39 environmental measures and 30 child behavior and cognitive measures separately to identify clusters of parental and social factors and clusters of child psychopathology, behaviour, and cognition. Regression analysis was used to examine independent effects of each cluster of parental and social factors on child psychopathology, behavioral problems, and cognition. Greater Parent Psychopathology cluster was associated with greater Child Psychopathology cluster. Moreover, greater Socioeconomic Status cluster was associated with greater child General Cognition and Executive Function but less Behavioral Inhibition clusters. Greater Proximal Social Environment and Interaction cluster were associated with less child Impulsive Behavior and Behavioral Inhibition, but greater Behavioral Activation cluster. The environmental clusters related to birth outcomes, maternal tobacco, and drug use were not significantly related to child psychopathology, behavior, and cognition. Our findings suggest that socioeconomic status, parental psychopathology, and social environment and interactions are the strongest risks for behavioral problems and cognitive performance in a general child population. Intervention programs should target modifiable factors within these domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zu Xuan Lee
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tonya White
- grid.416135.4Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center - Sophia, Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anqi Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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195
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Determinants of Residential Preferences Related to Built and Social Environments and Concordance between Neighborhood Characteristics and Preferences. J Urban Health 2020; 97:62-77. [PMID: 31773559 PMCID: PMC7010883 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-019-00397-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We explored associations between residential preferences and sociodemographic characteristics, the concordance between current neighborhood characteristics and residential preferences, and heterogeneity in concordance by income and race/ethnicity. Data came from a cross-sectional phone and mail survey of 3668 residents of New York City, Baltimore, Chicago, Los Angeles, St. Paul, and Winston Salem in 2011-12. Scales characterized residential preferences and neighborhood characteristics. Stronger preferences were associated with being older, female, non-White/non-Hispanic, and lower education. There was significant positive but weak concordance between current neighborhood characteristics and residential preferences (after controlling sociodemographic characteristics). Concordance was stronger for persons with higher income and for Whites, suggesting that residential self-selection effects are strongest for populations that are more advantaged.
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196
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Caicedo-Velásquez B, Jones K. Measuring neighbourhood social dimensions using individual responses: An application of multilevel factor analysis and ecometrics. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2020; 32:100318. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2019.100318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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197
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Liu Y, Gittelsohn J, Thorne-Lyman AL, Song S, Orta-Aleman D, Ma Y, Wen D. Caregiver perceptions of the neighborhood food environment and their relationship with the home food environment and childhood obesity in Northeast China. Appetite 2020; 144:104447. [PMID: 31560936 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relationships between caregiver perceptions of their neighborhood food environment and home food environment and between caregiver perceptions of neighborhood food environment and childhood obesity. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING A total of twenty-six primary schools in northeast China. PARTICIPANTS Anthropometric measurements and questionnaire surveys were carried out on 3670 children (aged 9-12 years) and their caregivers. RESULTS Children of caregivers who perceived high local healthy food availability were more likely to always have fruits, vegetables, 100% juice, and low-fat milk or skim milk in their homes. Children of caregivers who perceived fast-food shopping to be easy were more likely to eat out for fast food. Children of caregivers who perceived high general access to food shopping were less likely to always have fruits, vegetables, and sugar-free breakfast in their home, and were more likely to eat out for fast food. CONCLUSIONS Future public health programs and interventions should take into consideration the role caregivers play in connecting neighborhood food environments with the home food environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Institute of Health Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Joel Gittelsohn
- Department of International Health, Center for Human Nutrition, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew L Thorne-Lyman
- Department of International Health, Center for Human Nutrition, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shenzhi Song
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Dania Orta-Aleman
- Department of International Health, Center for Human Nutrition, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yanan Ma
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Deliang Wen
- Institute of Health Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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198
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Berger N, Lewis D, Quartagno M, Njagi EN, Cummins S. Longitudinal associations between perceptions of the neighbourhood environment and physical activity in adolescents: evidence from the Olympic Regeneration in East London (ORiEL) study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1760. [PMID: 31888573 PMCID: PMC6937816 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-8003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most UK adolescents do not achieve recommended levels of physical activity. Previous studies suggested that perceptions of the neighbourhood environment could contribute to explain differences in physical activity behaviours. We aimed to examine whether five measures of perceptions - perceived bus stop proximity, traffic safety, street connectivity, enjoyment of the neighbourhood for walking/cycling, and personal safety - were longitudinally associated with common forms of physical activity, namely walking to school, walking for leisure, and a composite measure of outdoor physical activity. We further aimed to investigate the moderating role of gender. METHODS We used longitudinal data from the Olympic Regeneration in East London (ORiEL) study, a prospective cohort study. In 2012, 3106 adolescents aged 11 to 12 were recruited from 25 schools in 4 deprived boroughs of East London. Adolescents were followed-up in 2013 and 2014. The final sample includes 2260 adolescents surveyed at three occasions. We estimated logistic regression models using Generalised Estimating Equations to test the plausibility of hypotheses on the nature of the longitudinal associations (general association, cumulative effect, co-varying trajectories), adjusting for potential confounders. Item non-response was handled using multiple imputation. RESULTS Longitudinal analyses indicate little evidence that perceptions of the neighbourhood are important predictors of younger adolescent physical activity. There was weak evidence that greater perceived proximity to bus stops is associated with a small decrease in the probability of walking for leisure. Results also indicate that poorer perception of personal safety decreases the probability of walking for leisure. There was some indication that better perception of street connectivity is associated with more outdoor physical activity. Finally, we found very little evidence that the associations between perceptions of the neighbourhood and physical activity differed by gender. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that younger adolescents' perceptions of their neighbourhood environment, and changes in these perceptions, did not consistently predict physical activity in a deprived and ethnically diverse urban population. Future studies should use situation-specific measures of the neighbourhood environment and physical activity to better capture the hypothesised processes and explore the relative roles of the objective environment, parental and adolescents' perceptions in examining differences in types of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Berger
- Population Health Innovation Lab, Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, UK
| | - Daniel Lewis
- Population Health Innovation Lab, Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, UK
- Data Science Campus, Office for National Statistics, London, UK
| | - Matteo Quartagno
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Edmund Njeru Njagi
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Steven Cummins
- Population Health Innovation Lab, Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, UK
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199
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Carbonneau E, Lamarche B, Robitaille J, Provencher V, Desroches S, Vohl MC, Bégin C, Bélanger M, Couillard C, Pelletier L, Bouchard L, Houle J, Langlois MF, Corneau L, Lemieux S. Social Support, but Not Perceived Food Environment, Is Associated with Diet Quality in French-Speaking Canadians from the PREDISE Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:E3030. [PMID: 31842253 PMCID: PMC6950594 DOI: 10.3390/nu11123030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives were to assess whether social support for healthy eating and perceived food environment are associated with diet quality, and to investigate if sociodemographic characteristics moderate these associations. A probability sample of French-speaking adults from the Province of Québec, Canada, was recruited in the context of the PREDISE study. Participants reported their perceptions of supportive and non-supportive actions related to healthy eating from close others at home and outside of home (n = 952), and of the accessibility to healthy foods (n = 1035). The Canadian Healthy Eating Index (C-HEI) was calculated based on three Web-based 24 h food recalls. Multiple linear regression models showed that supportive (B = 1.50 (95% CI 0.46, 2.54)) and non-supportive (B = -3.06 (95% CI -4.94, -1.18)) actions related to healthy eating from close others at home were positively and negatively associated with C-HEI, respectively, whereas actions from close others outside of home were not. The negative association between non-supportive actions occurring at home and C-HEI was stronger among participants with lower (vs. higher) levels of education (p interaction = 0.03). Perceived accessibility to healthy foods was not associated with C-HEI (p > 0.05). These results suggest that the social environment may have a stronger influence on healthy eating than the perceived physical environment. This adds support for healthy eating promotion programs involving entire families, especially for more socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals, whose efforts to eat healthily may be more easily thwarted by non-supportive households.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Carbonneau
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, 2440 Hochelage Boulevard, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2425, rue de l'Agriculture, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Benoît Lamarche
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, 2440 Hochelage Boulevard, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2425, rue de l'Agriculture, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Julie Robitaille
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, 2440 Hochelage Boulevard, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2425, rue de l'Agriculture, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Véronique Provencher
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, 2440 Hochelage Boulevard, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2425, rue de l'Agriculture, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sophie Desroches
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, 2440 Hochelage Boulevard, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2425, rue de l'Agriculture, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, 2440 Hochelage Boulevard, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2425, rue de l'Agriculture, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Catherine Bégin
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, 2440 Hochelage Boulevard, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Psychology, Laval University, 2325 allée des bibliothèques, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Mathieu Bélanger
- Department of Family Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, 18 avenue Antonine-Maillet, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Charles Couillard
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, 2440 Hochelage Boulevard, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2425, rue de l'Agriculture, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Luc Pelletier
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave E, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Luigi Bouchard
- Department of Medical Biology, CIUSSS du Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean, Saguenay, QC G7H 5H6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Julie Houle
- Nursing Department, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada
| | - Marie-France Langlois
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Ave N, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Louise Corneau
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, 2440 Hochelage Boulevard, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2425, rue de l'Agriculture, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Simone Lemieux
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, 2440 Hochelage Boulevard, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, 2425, rue de l'Agriculture, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Association Between Perceived Neighborhood Characteristics and Carotid
Artery Intima-Media Thickness: Cross-Sectional Results From the ELSA-Brasil
Study. Glob Heart 2019; 14:379-385. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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