201
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Lu C, Ke L, Zhang Q, Deng X, Shang W, Zhao X, Li Y, Xie Y, Wang Z. Quality of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of resveratrol: A methodological systematic review. Phytother Res 2024; 38:11-21. [PMID: 37767776 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Recently, several meta-analyses (MAs) have focused on the health effects of resveratrol. However, the methodological and reporting quality of these MAs has not yet been fully evaluated so far. Therefore, the present study evaluated the quality of these MAs through a methodological systematic review. Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from inception until May 20, 2022, and PubMed was used to update the search until September 6, 2023. The methodological and reporting quality of the selected MAs was evaluated using AMSTAR-2 and PRISMA 2009. Fifty-one MAs published during 2013-2023 were included. In each review, the number of primary studies ranged from 3 to 37, and the number of participants ranged from 50 to 2114. Among the first-listed primary outcomes, only 23 (45.10%) were "positive." As for the methodological quality, most MAs (44, 86.27%) on resveratrol were rated critically low. Inadequate reporting of the included MAs mainly involved items 2 ("Structured summary"), 5 ("Protocol and registration"), 8 ("Search"), 9 ("Study selection"), 10 ("Data collection process"), 12 ("Risk of bias in individual studies"), and 24 ("Summary of evidence") based on the PRISMA 2009. Additionally, journal's impact factor, number of authors, and funding support were positively associated with the overall methodological quality but were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Future MAs on resveratrol require better design, implementation, and reporting by following the Cochrane Handbook, AMSTAR-2, and PRISMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuncun Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Ke
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuxiu Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chengdu Pidu District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenru Shang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhao
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanming Xie
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhifei Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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202
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Lim ZW, Stuart H, De Deyne S, Regier T, Vylomova E, Cohn T, Kemp C. A Computational Approach to Identifying Cultural Keywords Across Languages. Cogn Sci 2024; 48:e13402. [PMID: 38226686 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.13402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Distinctive aspects of a culture are often reflected in the meaning and usage of words in the language spoken by bearers of that culture. Keywords such as душа (soul) in Russian, hati (heart) in Indonesian and Malay, and gezellig (convivial/cosy/fun) in Dutch are held to be especially culturally revealing, and scholars have identified a number of such keywords using careful linguistic analyses (Peeters, 2020b; Wierzbicka, 1990). Because keywords are expected to have different statistical properties than related words in other languages, we argue that a quantitative comparison of word usage across languages can help to identify cultural keywords. To support this claim, we describe a computational method that compares word frequencies across languages, and apply it to both linguistic corpora and word association data. The method identifies culturally specific words that range from "obvious" examples, such as Amsterdam in Dutch, to non-obvious yet independently proposed examples, such as hati (heart) in Indonesian. We show in addition that linguistic corpora and word association data provide converging evidence about culturally specific words. Our results therefore show how computational analyses and behavioral experiments can supplement the methods previously used by linguists to identify culturally salient words across languages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wei Lim
- School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne
| | - Harry Stuart
- School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne
| | - Simon De Deyne
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne
| | - Terry Regier
- Department of Linguistics and Cognitive Science Program, University of California, Berkeley
| | | | - Trevor Cohn
- School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne
| | - Charles Kemp
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne
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203
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Myhre MØ, Walby FA, Bramness JG, Mehlum L. Trajectories of Service Contact before Suicide in People with Substance Use Disorders-A National Register Study. Arch Suicide Res 2024; 28:200-215. [PMID: 36472383 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2022.2151959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify trajectories of service use during the last year before suicide death and the characteristics associated with the trajectories in patients with substance use disorders. METHODS This study used a national registry data linkage, which included all patients with substance use disorders who died by suicide in Norway between 2010 and 2018. In- and outpatient contacts with mental health or substance use services during the last year before suicide death was analyzed by week using Sequence State Analysis and cluster analysis to identify trajectories. Logistic regression was used to measure the association between the characteristics and the trajectories. RESULTS We identified four trajectories of service contact. A brief contact trajectory (n = 366) with a low proportion of weeks in contact (M weeks = 8.3), associated with less psychosis or bipolar disorder (aOR = 0.13 (0.08-0.22)) and higher age. A regular contact trajectory (n = 160), with a higher proportion of contact (M weeks = 47.9), associated with psychosis or bipolar disorder (aOR = 3.66 (2.10-6.47)) and depressive or anxiety disorder (aOR = 3.11 (1.93-5.13)). An intermittent contact trajectory (n = 195) with most contacts with outpatient substance use disorder services (M weeks = 9.7). A continuous contact trajectory (n = 109) with a high proportion of inpatient contact (M weeks = 44.5), strongly associated with psychosis or bipolar disorder (aOR = 6.08 (3.26-11.80)). CONCLUSION Longitudinal descriptions of service use reveal different trajectories that are important to consider when developing policies or interventions to reduce the risk of suicide death in patients with substance use disorders.
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204
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Walters GD, Kremser J, Runell L. In search of the origins of crime continuity: Aggressive versus nonaggressive delinquency as a key factor in the psychological inertia process. Aggress Behav 2024; 50:e22134. [PMID: 38268385 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to test whether the psychological inertia process believed to give rise to crime continuity is limited to aggressive delinquency or evolves from both aggressive and nonaggressive delinquency. Self-report data provided by 845 early adolescent youth (406 boys, 439 girls) were analyzed in an effort to test the hypothesis that aggressive rather than nonaggressive delinquency precipitates a rise in delinquency through the intervening influence of cognitive impulsivity but not moral neutralization. The hypothesis stated that of the four models evaluated in this study (aggressive delinquency → moral neutralization → offense variety; aggressive delinquency → cognitive impulsivity → offense variety; nonaggressive delinquency → moral neutralization → offense variety; nonaggressive delinquency → cognitive impulsivity → offense variety), only the aggressive delinquency → cognitive impulsivity → offense variety model would achieve significance. Consistent with this hypothesis, only the aggressive delinquency → cognitive impulsivity → offense variety pathway was, in fact, significant. The current findings suggest that the psychological inertia process may be driven by a pattern of aggressive delinquency followed by cognitive impulsivity and that neither nonaggressive delinquency nor moral neutralization contribute to the process. Theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn D Walters
- Department of Criminal Justice, Kutztown University, Kutztown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jon Kremser
- Department of Criminal Justice, Kutztown University, Kutztown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lindsey Runell
- Department of Criminal Justice, Kutztown University, Kutztown, Pennsylvania, USA
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205
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Chang CS, Wu CC, Chang LY, Chang HY. Associations between social loneliness trajectories and chronotype among adolescents. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:179-191. [PMID: 36752940 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02160-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Late chronotype during adolescence is a critical risk factor for poor physical and mental health among adolescents. While social loneliness is confirmed to negatively influence sleep behaviors, the long-term effect of social loneliness on chronotype remains unknown. This study aims to investigate whether social loneliness trajectories from middle childhood to adolescence are associated with chronotype in late adolescence and examine the potential sex differences in these associations. Data were obtained from 2398 adolescents who participated in the Child and Adolescent Behaviors in Long-Term Evolution project. Chronotype was calculated as the midpoint of sleep on free days adjusted for sleep debt. Group-based trajectory modeling and multiple linear regression were employed to establish social loneliness trajectories and determine their associations with chronotype. Social loneliness trajectories were significantly associated with chronotype and varied by sex. Specifically, boys following a high-decreasing trajectory had earlier chronotype during late adolescence than did those following a low-decreasing trajectory (B = - 0.07; p < 0.05). By contrast, girls following a low-to-moderate-increasing trajectory exhibited later chronotype than did those following a low-stable trajectory (B = 0.07; p < 0.01). Social loneliness trajectories, especially those displaying significant fluctuations over time, are critical indicators influencing chronotype among adolescents. Furthermore, these trajectories and their associations with chronotype display sex differences. These findings highlight the need for early interventions for psychological factors such as social loneliness to ensure that the late chronotype can be prevented. In addition, sex variations must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Shuan Chang
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Room 622, 6F, No. 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chen Wu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Yin Chang
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Room 622, 6F, No. 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Hsing-Yi Chang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan.
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206
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Bole A, Bernstein A, White MJ. The Built Environment and Pediatric Health. Pediatrics 2024; 153:e2023064773. [PMID: 38105697 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-064773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Buildings, parks, and roads are all elements of the "built environment," which can be described as the human-made structures that comprise the neighborhoods and communities where people live, work, learn, and recreate (https://www.epa.gov/smm/basic-information-about-built-environment). The design of communities where children and adolescents live, learn, and play has a profound impact on their health. Moreover, the policies and practices that determine community design and the built environment are a root cause of disparities in the social determinants of health that contribute to health inequity. An understanding of the links between the built environment and pediatric health will help to inform pediatricians' and other pediatric health professionals' care for patients and advocacy on their behalf. This technical report describes the range of pediatric physical and mental health conditions influenced by the built environment, as well as historical and persistent effects of the built environment on health disparities. The accompanying policy statement outlines community design solutions that can improve pediatric health and health equity, including opportunities for pediatricians and the health care sector to incorporate this knowledge in patient care, as well as to play a role in advancing a health-promoting built environment for all children and families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Bole
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Aaron Bernstein
- Department of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, and Center for Climate, Health and the Global Environment, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michelle J White
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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207
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Curtis DS, Waitzman N, Kramer MR, Shakib JH. Structural barriers to health care as risk factors for preterm and small-for-gestational-age birth among US-born Black and White mothers. Health Place 2024; 85:103177. [PMID: 38241851 PMCID: PMC10922656 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
We develop county-level measures of structural and institutional barriers to care, and test associations between these barriers and birth outcomes for US-born Black and White mothers using national birth records for 2014-2017. Results indicate elevated odds of greater preterm birth severity for Black mothers in counties with higher uninsurance rates among Black adults, fewer Black physicians per Black residents, and fewer publicly-funded contraceptive services. Most structural barriers were not associated with small-for-gestational-age birth, and barriers defined for Black residents were not associated with birth outcomes for White mothers, with the exception of Black uninsurance rate. Structural determinants of care may influence preterm birth risk for Black Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Curtis
- Department of Family and Consumer Studies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Norman Waitzman
- Department of Economics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Michael R Kramer
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Julie H Shakib
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
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208
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Schutz C, Smout MF. Effects of Positive versus Negative Framing on Stigma toward Individuals Recovering from Methamphetamine Use Disorder during Randomized Brief Video Exposure. J Psychoactive Drugs 2024; 56:88-96. [PMID: 36417295 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2022.2149436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Eighty-two Australians (mean age = 30.07; 61% female) were blindly randomized to view either a video edited to depict a positive or negative presentation of individuals in recovery from methamphetamine use disorder. Participants completed the Social Distance Scale for Substance Users, Dangerousness Scale for Substance Users and Affect Scale for Substance Users before and after video exposure. Following video exposure, those exposed to the positive video portrayal reported lower desire for social distance (p < .001), lower perceptions of dangerousness (p = .011), and more favorable affective reactions (p < .001). Participants' previous level of contact with the target group did not predict baseline stigma or moderate the experimental effect. Participants' qualitative responses to the experiment were assessed via content analysis and indicated mainly positive or ambivalent attitudes, unchanged by the video; however, 18% of those receiving the positive video reported attitudes becoming more sympathetic/favorable. Findings suggest that media depictions which include people with methamphetamine use disorder displaying friendliness and recovery narratives may improve community perceptions of people recovering from methamphetamine use disorder, and conversely, unsmiling portrayals focusing on harm done to others increases desire for social distance and perceived dangerousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Schutz
- Justice and Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - M F Smout
- Justice and Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
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209
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Choi KW, Kim HHS. Social Capital and Willingness to Comply With Anti-Pandemic Government Intervention. Res Aging 2024; 46:43-58. [PMID: 37349177 DOI: 10.1177/01640275231185788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the relationship between individual-level social capital and compliance attitudes toward health protective measures in the context of COVID-19. We drew on secondary population-based data fielded during the pandemic's initial phase (April - June of 2020). The analytic sample consists of 9124 older American adults (ages 55 and over) across 18 U.S. States and Metropolitan Statistical Areas. We estimated mixed-effects models with random intercepts and slopes. People who are better socially connected are more willing to comply with anti-pandemic government intervention. This relationship is stronger among those who are more psychologically distressed. Its magnitude also increases in more densely populated areas and places with higher numbers of coronavirus infection. Older Americans' anti-coronavirus compliance attitudes is significantly driven by preexisting interpersonal connectedness and civic engagement. The role of social capital is also contingent on the existing levels of risk factor (threat and vulnerability).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Won Choi
- Department of Sociology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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210
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Pu Y, Xu W. Parenting Desire Among Sexual Minority Women in China: From the Stigma Perspective. Arch Sex Behav 2024; 53:293-306. [PMID: 37620669 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02682-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
In China, women who are childless or have children outside of heterosexual marriage are generally stigmatized. Consequently, Chinese sexual minority women are challenged for their willingness to have children. This study explored how multiple (structural-interpersonal-individual) levels of sexual minority stigma are related to parenting desire among Chinese sexual minority women. Furthermore, it examined the mediation mechanism of individual stigma and the moderation effect of outness to one's family in the link between structural/interpersonal stigma and parenting desire. Participants (265 lesbian and 193 bisexual women) completed online measures of structural stigma (adherence to Confucianism), interpersonal stigma (discrimination events), individual stigma (internalized homophobia and rejection sensitivity), outness to one's family, and parenting desire. Lesbian women reported lower structural and individual stigma and parenting desire levels than bisexual women. Sexual minority women's high adherence to Confucianism, internalized homophobia, and rejection sensitivity were positively associated with their increased parenting desires. Notably, adherence to Confucianism and discrimination events were associated with parenting desire through internalized homophobia, but not rejection sensitivity; moreover, outness to one's family buffered the direct link between adherence to Confucianism and parenting desire and strengthened the direct link between discrimination events and internalized homophobia and the indirect link between discrimination events and parenting desire. This study contributes to a robust understanding of how sexual minority stigma is connected to parenting desire among sexual minority women in Chinese sociocultural contexts, providing cultural-specific evidence to support theories of stigma and minority stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Pu
- Department of Sociology and Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Institute of Psychology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjian Xu
- Department of Sociology and Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
- Institute of Psychology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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211
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Abulhamail A, Abulhamail R. Determinants of childbearing intentions among pregnant women with a suspected fetal congenital heart disease. Midwifery 2024; 128:103875. [PMID: 37979551 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2023.103875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Saudi population is characterized by a high fertility rate, a conservative sociocultural context, and an ongoing societal and lifestyle transition. Yet, data regarding childbearing intentions and the associated factors is scarce. Furthermore, childbearing intention may be impacted by abnormal pregnancy events, such as the clinical suspicion or diagnosis of a fetal congenital disease and the negative experience that may result from it. OBJECTIVES The present study explored childbearing intention and determined the sociodemographic and health-related factors discouraging from future pregnancies among women visiting the cardiology clinic for antenatal screening of congenital heart diseases (CHD). METHODS A one-year cross-sectional study involved 150 consecutive pregnant women aged between 18 and 47 years old, who presented for antenatal screening of CHD at the fetal echocardiography clinic for, of a teaching hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. An interview-based questionnaire was administered before the clinic visit and collected sociodemographic data, obstetrical history, risk factors of congenital diseases, mothers' knowledge about fetal echocardiography and CHDs, and childbearing intention (the primary outcome). RESULTS Fetal echocardiography and CHD were correctly described by 60 % and 31.3 % of the participants respectively, while 40.7 % and 12 % recognized the association of congenital diseases with consanguinity and advanced maternal age respectively. Childbearing intentions showed 68.0 % of the participants declared desiring a future baby while the remaining 32.0 % declared having no further pregnancy expectations. Attitudes towards a hypothetical baby with CHD were positive in 97.3 % of the participants, and only 30 % declared that the fetal echocardiography results will impact their future childbearing decision. However, childbearing intention showed no significant association with knowledge or attitudes towards CHD. On the other hand, childbearing intention was independently associated with the number of children (OR=0.34; p<0.001), consanguinity with husband (OR=3.64; p = 0.010), and history of gestational diabetes (OR=0.28; p = 0.040). CONCLUSION Fertility expectations among Saudi mothers are more likely to be impacted by the personal experience and judgment of own pregnancy fitness, while no significant impact of fetal risks and events. This demonstrates a certain level of autonomy balanced with deeply rooted religious ethics yet combined with a lack of awareness about fetal and maternal risks associated with advanced maternal age and consanguinity. We emphasize the unmet need of education and family planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albraa Abulhamail
- Pediatric Teaching assistant, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Reham Abulhamail
- Medical student in Ibn Sina medical school, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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212
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Abstract
Buildings, parks, and roads are all elements of the "built environment," which can be described as the human-made structures that comprise the neighborhoods and communities where people live, work, learn, and recreate (https://www.epa.gov/smm/basic-information-about-built-environment). The design of communities where children and adolescents live, learn, and play has a profound impact on their health. Moreover, the policies and practices that determine community design and the built environment are a root cause of disparities in the social determinants of health that contribute to health inequity. An understanding of the links between the built environment and pediatric health will help to inform pediatricians' and other pediatric health care professionals' care for patients and advocacy on their behalf. This policy statement outlines community design solutions that can improve pediatric physical and mental health, and improve health equity. It describes opportunities for pediatricians and the health care sector to incorporate this knowledge in patient care, as well as to play a role in advancing a health-promoting built environment for all children and families. The accompanying technical report reviews the range of pediatric physical and mental health conditions influenced by the built environment, as well as historical and persistent effects of the built environment on health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Bole
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Aaron Bernstein
- Department of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, and Center for Climate, Health and the Global Environment, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michelle J White
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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213
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Choi Y, Kim HH. Social capital, food insecurity, and health outcomes in the US during the COVID-19 pandemic. Perspect Public Health 2024; 144:39-51. [PMID: 35836405 DOI: 10.1177/17579139221106339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of this study was first, to investigate the harmful effects of food insufficiency on health outcomes - self-rated health (SRH) and self-assessed depressive symptoms - during the COVID-19 pandemic and, second, to test whether these effects fluctuated across the US in terms of state-level social capital. METHODS Data were drawn from the Census Household Pulse Survey (fielded between April 2020 and February 2021) consisting of community-dwelling American adults (N = 1.5M+). Social capital measures were taken from the 'Social Capital Project' sponsored by the US Congress. We estimated three-level mixed effects models to analyze multiple waves of repeated cross-sectional surveys. RESULTS Post-COVID-19 food insufficiency was significantly negatively associated with SRH and positively associated depression, adjusting for controls including food insufficiency prior to the onset of the pandemic. These relationships were also more pronounced in areas with higher aggregate social capital. CONCLUSIONS The health burdens of the new coronavirus disease have fallen disproportionately on the economically marginalized, as measured by food insufficiency. Contrary to the conventional literature, living in a state with a greater stock of social capital worsened its health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Choi
- Department of Sociology, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H H Kim
- Department of Sociology, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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214
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Yang L, Kandasamy K, Na L, Zhang W, Wang P. Perceived and Experienced Anti-Chinese Discrimination and Its Associated Psychological Impacts Among Chinese Canadians During the Wave 2 of the COVID-19 Pandemic. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:108-125. [PMID: 36336783 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2142947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The current study examined the sociodemographic factors associated with perceived and experienced anti-Chinese discrimination and discrimination as a predictor of psychological distress and loneliness among Chinese Canadians. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in early 2021 with a sample of 899 Chinese Canadians (i.e., immigrants, citizens, visitors, and international students) during the Wave 2 of the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, anti-Chinese discrimination was generally associated with younger age and poor financial or health status. Christianity/Catholicism believers were less likely to report perceived discrimination, whereas being married/partnered and living with family reduced the incidences of experienced discrimination. Most importantly, hierarchical linear regression models showed that both perceived and experienced discrimination predicted higher psychological distress (βs = 4.90-7.57, ps ≤ .001) and loneliness (βs = .89-1.73, ps ≤ .003), before and after controlling for all related sociodemographic covariates. Additionally, older age, higher education, better financial or health status could all buffer psychological distress, whereas living with family or in a house and better financial or health status could mitigate feeling of loneliness. The results suggested that discrimination has a robust detrimental impact on mental health conditions among Chinese Canadians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Yang
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kesaan Kandasamy
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ling Na
- Department of Population Health, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- Department of Sociology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Peizhong Wang
- Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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215
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Scherzer C, Jiménez Muñoz P, Ramsey S, Carey KB, Ranney ML, Clark S, Rich J, Langdon KJ. Perceptions of medications, program settings, and drug use histories among individuals engaged in treatment for opioid use disorder. J Addict Dis 2024; 42:24-32. [PMID: 36325942 PMCID: PMC10154429 DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2022.2126273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background: Nearly two million adults in the US currently live with an Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) diagnosis. Recent efforts have encouraged and facilitated widespread adoption of empirically supported medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), yet MOUD and OUD behavioral health interventions remain dramatically underutilized. Fear of discrimination and judgment, compounded by systemic and regulatory barriers, hinder individuals' access to specialty treatment.Objectives: The goal of the current study was to (1) reveal how perspectives toward OUD treatment may differ across medication types, program settings, and drug use history; (2) address systemic and regulatory components that potentially foster and propagate positive or negative attributions to OUD; and (3) understand how experiences reduce patients' willingness to pursue and/or maintain long term treatment.Methods: Twenty-four adults engaged in buprenorphine treatment at two outpatient addiction treatment centers participated in in-depth, qualitative interviews between 2019 and 2020 in Providence, Rhode Island.Results: Thematic analysis revealed negative attributions toward OUD across all participants. Three key themes developed from the coding and analysis: (1) differential perceptions of therapeutic medications (2) negative perceptions of treatment programs and (3) perceptions of drugs and people who use drugs.Conclusions: Stigmatizing language remains a major public health issue that needs to be addressed to facilitate treatment for individuals for OUD and other drug use disorders. Incorporating strategies targeting labeling across medication types, program settings, and drug use may improve treatment outcomes by reducing the inaccurate beliefs surrounding OUD and connecting patients to evidence-based support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Scherzer
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Paola Jiménez Muñoz
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
- Brown-Lifespan Center for Digital Health, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Susan Ramsey
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Kate B Carey
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, United States
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Megan L Ranney
- Brown-Lifespan Center for Digital Health, Providence, RI, United States
- School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Seth Clark
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Josiah Rich
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Center for Prisoner Health and Human Rights, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Kirsten J Langdon
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
- Brown-Lifespan Center for Digital Health, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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216
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Canessa E, Chaigneau SE, Moreno S. Using agreement probability to study differences in types of concepts and conceptualizers. Behav Res Methods 2024; 56:93-112. [PMID: 36471211 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-022-02030-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Agreement probability p(a) is a homogeneity measure of lists of properties produced by participants in a Property Listing Task (PLT) for a concept. Agreement probability's mathematical properties allow a rich analysis of property-based descriptions. To illustrate, we use p(a) to delve into the differences between concrete and abstract concepts in sighted and blind populations. Results show that concrete concepts are more homogeneous within sighted and blind groups than abstract ones (i.e., exhibit a higher p(a) than abstract ones) and that concrete concepts in the blind group are less homogeneous than in the sighted sample. This supports the idea that listed properties for concrete concepts should be more similar across subjects due to the influence of visual/perceptual information on the learning process. In contrast, abstract concepts are learned based mainly on social and linguistic information, which exhibit more variability among people, thus, making the listed properties more dissimilar across subjects. Relative to abstract concepts, the difference in p(a) between sighted and blind is not statistically significant. Though this is a null result, and should be considered with care, it is expected because abstract concepts should be learned by paying attention to the same social and linguistic input in both, blind and sighted, and thus, there is no reason to expect that the respective lists of properties should differ. Finally, we used p(a) to classify concrete and abstract concepts with a good level of certainty. All these analyses suggest that p(a) can be fruitfully used to study data obtained in a PLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Canessa
- Center for Cognition Research (CINCO), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Av. Presidente Errázuriz 3328, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile.
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Av. P. Hurtado 750, Lote H, Viña del Mar, Chile.
| | - Sergio E Chaigneau
- Center for Cognition Research (CINCO), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Av. Presidente Errázuriz 3328, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Av. Presidente Errázuriz 3328, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián Moreno
- Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Av. P. Hurtado 750, Lote H, Viña del Mar, Chile
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217
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Lau EYH, Li JB, Siu CTS. Postnatal depressive symptoms mediate the relation between prenatal role overload and responsiveness among first-time mothers. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2024; 42:95-109. [PMID: 35499554 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2022.2070609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the association between prenatal role overload and maternal responsiveness, with postnatal depressive symptoms as a mediator. METHODS Participants were 127 first-time mothers in Hong Kong (M = 32.8, SD = 4.0). Participants completed data collection for self-report on prenatal role overload (Time 1) in the third trimester of pregnancy, postnatal depressive symptoms (Time 2) at 4-month postpartum and maternal responsiveness (Time 3) at 9-month postpartum. The hypothesised mediation model was tested with the Hayes PROCESS macro (model 4). RESULTS Time 1 prenatal role overload was not directly predictive of later responsiveness (B = -0.06, p = .270). However, the indirect effect of Time 2 postnatal depressive symptoms in the association between Time 1 prenatal role overload and Time 3 responsiveness was significant (unstandardised effect = -0.03, 95% Bootstrapping CI = [-0.081, -0.001]; standardised effect = -0.06, 95% Bootstrapping CI = [-0.152, -0.002]). CONCLUSION Findings highlighted that more attention is required to the support provided to first-time expectant mothers to prevent role overload, and that intervention for postnatal depressive symptoms may focus on role overload. The findings also highlighted that postnatal depressive symptoms could be a promising way to increase maternal responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Yi Hung Lau
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jian-Bin Li
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Carrey Tik-Sze Siu
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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218
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Sarullo K, Barch DM, Smyser CD, Rogers C, Warner BB, Miller JP, England SK, Luby J, Swamidass SJ. Disentangling Socioeconomic Status and Race in Infant Brain, Birth Weight, and Gestational Age at Birth: A Neural Network Analysis. Biol Psychiatry Glob Open Sci 2024; 4:135-144. [PMID: 38298774 PMCID: PMC10829562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Race is commonly used as a proxy for multiple features including socioeconomic status. It is critical to dissociate these factors, to identify mechanisms that affect infant outcomes, such as birth weight, gestational age, and brain development, and to direct appropriate interventions and shape public policy. Methods Demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical variables were used to model infant outcomes. There were 351 participants included in the analysis for birth weight and gestational age. For the analysis using brain volumes, 280 participants were included after removing participants with missing magnetic resonance imaging scans and those matching our exclusion criteria. We modeled these three different infant outcomes, including infant brain, birth weight, and gestational age, with both linear and nonlinear models. Results Nonlinear models were better predictors of infant birth weight than linear models (R2 = 0.172 vs. R2 = 0.145, p = .005). In contrast to linear models, nonlinear models ranked income, neighborhood disadvantage, and experiences of discrimination higher in importance than race while modeling birth weight. Race was not an important predictor for either gestational age or structural brain volumes. Conclusions Consistent with the extant social science literature, the findings related to birth weight suggest that race is a linear proxy for nonlinear factors related to structural racism. Methods that can disentangle factors often correlated with race are important for policy in that they may better identify and rank the modifiable factors that influence outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Sarullo
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Deanna M. Barch
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, School of Arts & Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Christopher D. Smyser
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Cynthia Rogers
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Barbara B. Warner
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - J. Philip Miller
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Sarah K. England
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Joan Luby
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - S. Joshua Swamidass
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
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219
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Qian W, Zhang C, Piersiak HA, Humphreys KL, Mitchell C. Biomarker adoption in developmental science: A data-driven modelling of trends from 90 biomarkers across 20 years. Infant Child Dev 2024; 33:e2366. [PMID: 38389732 PMCID: PMC10882483 DOI: 10.1002/icd.2366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Developmental scientists have adopted numerous biomarkers in their research to better understand the biological underpinnings of development, environmental exposures, and variation in long-term health. Yet, adoption patterns merit investigation given the substantial resources used to collect, analyse, and train to use biomarkers in research with infants and children. We document trends in use of 90 biomarkers between 2000 and 2020 from approximately 430,000 publications indexed by the Web of Science. We provide a tool for researchers to examine each of these biomarkers individually using a data-driven approach to estimate the biomarker growth trajectory based on yearly publication number, publication growth rate, number of author affiliations, National Institutes of Health dedicated funding resources, journal impact factor, and years since the first publication. Results indicate that most biomarkers fit a "learning curve" trajectory (i.e., experience rapid growth followed by a plateau), though a small subset decline in use over time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chao Zhang
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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220
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Harutyunyan T, Sargsyan Z, Sahakyan S, Chiloyan A, Melkom Melkomian D, Khachadourian V. Predicting COVID-19 vaccination uptake in Armenia using the Health Belief Model: Results from a nationwide survey. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2165383. [PMID: 36688424 PMCID: PMC9980550 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2165383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Health behavior theories have been effectively used for studying populations' awareness, attitudes, and beliefs related to COVID-19 preventative behaviors. The aim of this study was to explore the factors associated with the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19 in the Armenian population using the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a framework. We applied stratified two-stage random sampling to conduct a telephone survey of 3,483 adults in 2021. The multi-domain survey instrument included questions on socio-demographic characteristics, COVID-19-related knowledge, COVID-19 susceptibility, severity and self-efficacy beliefs, sources of information on COVID-19, COVID-19 vaccination practice, and its benefits and barriers. We performed bivariate and hierarchical multivariate regression analysis with the entry of variables in blocks. In total, about 12% of the sample (n = 393) was vaccinated against COVID-19. Of 2,838 unvaccinated participants, about 53% (n = 1516) had an intention to get vaccinated. The final hierarchical logistic regression model containing socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge about COVID-19, and HBM constructs explained 43% of the variance in the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19. Participants' age, employment status, average monthly expenditures, perceived threat, benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to action were significant and independent predictors of the intention to get COVID-19 vaccination. This study confirmed the utility of the HBM in highlighting drivers of an important health-protective behavior in the context of pandemics. Health policy makers, communication specialists, and healthcare providers should particularly stress the effectiveness and safety of the vaccines in their efforts to increase vaccination rates and focus on unemployed and low-income population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsovinar Harutyunyan
- Turpanjian College of Health Sciences, American University of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Zhanna Sargsyan
- Turpanjian College of Health Sciences, American University of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Serine Sahakyan
- Turpanjian College of Health Sciences, American University of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Araz Chiloyan
- Public Health Department, Ministry of Health, Yerevan, Armenia
| | | | - Vahe Khachadourian
- Turpanjian College of Health Sciences, American University of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
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221
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Ocran J. “Am i disabled?”: disability and identity management among middle-class persons with disability in Ghana. Cogent Psychology 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2023.2190634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Ocran
- Department of Social Sciences, Central University, Miotso, Ghana
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222
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Vrdoljak G, Kurtović A, Babić Čikeš A, Hirnstein M. Gender and educational stage moderate the effects of developmental assets on risk behaviours in youth. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/02673843.2023.2183872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrijela Vrdoljak
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ana Kurtović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ana Babić Čikeš
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marina Hirnstein
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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223
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Grüning Parache L, Vogel M, Meigen C, Kiess W, Poulain T. Family structure, socioeconomic status, and mental health in childhood. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023:10.1007/s00787-023-02329-y. [PMID: 38147107 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02329-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The changing landscape of family structures over the last decades has led to a growing need to investigate its impact on children's well-being. This study examined differences in mental health among children from different family compositions and how these differences may be affected by familial socioeconomic status (SES). Data were collected within the LIFE Child study. Participants included 2828 children aged 3-17 years raised in traditional families, stepfamilies, or single-parent families. Mental health was measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ (behavioral strengths and difficulties)) and the KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire (quality of life). Linear regression analyses were applied to examine associations between family structure, SES, and mental health outcomes. Children from single-parent families exhibited worse mental health outcomes than those from traditional families across all domains of the SDQ and the KIDSCREEN-27. Children from stepfamilies showed significantly higher Total Difficulties scores (B = 1.29 and 1.42), with 3- to 10-year-olds displaying higher scores in the Hyperactivity & Inattention (B = 0.61) and Peer Relationship Problems (B = 0.36) subscales, and 11- to 17-year-olds showing higher Conduct Problems (B = 0.31), Emotional Symptoms (B = 0.58), and a worse Parent Relationship scores (B = - 1.82) than children from traditional families (all p < 0.05). After controlling for SES, several associations between family structure and mental health lost significance, while others persisted, particularly among older children. To promote mental health in non-traditional families, interventions should address socioeconomic disparities while also investigating factors contributing to the direct impact of family structure on mental well-being.Trial registration The LIFE Child study is registered on clinicaltrials.gov (No. NCT02550236).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Grüning Parache
- LIFE Child, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Mandy Vogel
- LIFE Child, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christof Meigen
- LIFE Child, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- LIFE Child, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tanja Poulain
- LIFE Child, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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224
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Suarez GL, Boone MH, Burt SA, Shewark EA, Mitchell C, Guzman P, Lopez-Duran NL, Klump KL, Monk CS, Hyde LW. Parent Mental Health Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023:10.1007/s10578-023-01642-6. [PMID: 38141151 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-023-01642-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Although extant cross-sectional data suggest that parents have experienced numerous challenges (e.g., homeschooling, caregiver burden) and mental health consequences during the COVID-19 pandemic, longitudinal data are needed to confirm mental health changes relative to pre-pandemic levels and identify which specific pandemic-related changes most highly predict mental health during the pandemic. In two longitudinal subsamples (N = 299 and N = 175), we assessed change in anxiety, depression, and stress before and during the pandemic and whether the accumulation of pandemic-related changes predicted observed mental health changes. On average, parents reported increased depression and anxiety, but no significant changes in reported stress. Moreover, increased interpersonal conflict, difficulty managing work and caregiving responsibilities, and increased economic challenges were the types of pandemic-related changes that most strongly predicted worse mental health, highlighting that juggling caregiving responsibilities and economic concerns, along with the pandemic's impact on interpersonal family relationships are key predictors of worsening parental mental illness symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela L Suarez
- Department of Psychology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Montana H Boone
- Department of Psychology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S Alexandra Burt
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Colter Mitchell
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Paula Guzman
- Department of Psychology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Kelly L Klump
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Christopher S Monk
- Department of Psychology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Luke W Hyde
- Department of Psychology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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225
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Morrison M. The Mass Incarceration Trauma Framework: A Conceptual Model for Understanding Trauma among Individuals Who Experience Incarceration. Soc Work 2023; 69:8-16. [PMID: 37935034 DOI: 10.1093/sw/swad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The Mass Incarceration Trauma (MIT) framework is a conceptual model for understanding the role of trauma in the lives of individuals who experience incarceration in the United States. This population faces poverty, violence, and discrimination across the life span. The MIT framework is guided by an ecological systems perspective, a foundational theoretical approach in social work that recognizes that effective assessment and intervention require an understanding of the complex contexts in which individuals live. The MIT framework presents the cumulative trauma exposures commonly faced by this population before, during, and after incarceration at the individual, social, environmental, and historical levels. Because traumatic stress undermines health and daily functioning, it is essential that interventions for this population address both the ongoing risk for trauma exposure and the consequences of multiple, repeated past exposures across ecological systems. It is to be hoped that a new and fundamental focus on the poverty, contexts of violence, and lifetime disadvantages experienced by those who cycle through prisons in the United States might reframe the question of how our society should prevent and respond to crime as well as respond to those swept into the criminal justice system.
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226
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Ripon RK, Rimti FH, Kercy M, Hossain S, Motahara U, Hossain MS, Sikder MT. A trend analysis of Black American women with cardiovascular disease and chronic medical conditions, sociodemographic factors from NHANES From 2011 to 2020. PLOS Glob Public Health 2023; 3:e0002521. [PMID: 38109309 PMCID: PMC10727433 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Significant racial and gender differences exist in the prevalence of CVD in the United States. The goal of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of CVD among Black American women, the relationship between CVD and some medical conditions, and significant sociodemographic factors. METHODS The researchers in this study used data from four cycles of the NHANES, carried out by the NCHS. 2011 to 2012, 2013 to 2014, 2015 to 2016, and 2017 to 2020 were the cycles that were chosen. The researchers used the survey package in the R programming language to examine the data. RESULTS People with CVD problems 20 years of age and older were included in the analyses. Black American women experienced a considerable prevalence of CVD from 2011 to 2020. These women were more likely to report having completed no more schooling than the ninth grade, being widowed/divorced/separated, and having undergone a hysterectomy, as well as having a history of diabetes, asthma, obesity, arthritis, and depression. Black American women with CVD had a 3.8-fold increased risk of diabetes and a 5.6-fold increased risk of arthritis. CONCLUSION This study shows that Black American women with CVD are more likely to have chronic illnesses such as hysterectomy, diabetes, asthma, obesity, arthritis, and depression. Black American women's cardiovascular risk profiles can be updated using the data from this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezaul Karim Ripon
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- McHigher Center for Health Research, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - Mickelder Kercy
- The City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Shahriar Hossain
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- McHigher Center for Health Research, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Umma Motahara
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sharif Hossain
- McHigher Center for Health Research, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Md. Tajuddin Sikder
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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227
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Zhao Z, Su W, Hou J. The influence of resource-gaining capacity on mate preferences: an eye tracking study. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:444. [PMID: 38111064 PMCID: PMC10726600 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01487-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate whether resource-gaining capacity influences mate preferences, explicit (self-report data) and implicit tasks (eye tracking data) were used to explore whether individuals' resource-gaining capacity influences mate preferences and whether there are sex differences in mate preferences under two different conditions (short-term and long-term strategies). A total of 59 college students completed a questionnaire collecting basic demographic information, the Resource-Gaining Capacity Scale and the two above tasks. The results showed that (1) in the short-term mating, individuals with higher resource-gaining capacity paid more attention to "good parent" than those with lower resource-gaining capacity, while individuals with lower resource-gaining capacity preferred "good provider" than those with higher resource-gaining capacity. (2) In the long-term mating, women valued "good provider" traits more than men, and they paid more attention to "good parent" traits than men in the short-term. In addition, no matter in the short-term or the long-term mating, men placed more value on "good genes" traits than women. (3) Compared with long-term mating, individuals of both sexes had preferences based on "good genes" in short-term mating, while they had preferences based on "good parent" and "good provider" in long-term mating compared with short-term mating. (4) Regarding explicit mate selection, "good parent" traits were most preferred by the participants, while the implicit eye tracking data indicated that participants preferred partners who were "good providers" and had "good genes".
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Zhao
- Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Juan Hou
- Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China.
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Bardach L, Neuendorf C, Murayama K, Fahrbach T, Knigge M, Nagengast B, Trautwein U. Does students' awareness of school-track-related stereotypes exacerbate inequalities in education? NPJ Sci Learn 2023; 8:59. [PMID: 38097600 PMCID: PMC10721808 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-023-00203-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Early ability tracking increases inequalities in education. It has been proposed that the awareness of negative school-track-related stereotypes contributes to educational inequalities, as stereotype awareness interferes with students' abilities to thrive, particularly those in lower, stigmatized tracks. The present study tested this assumption in a sample of 3880 German secondary school students from three tracks, who were assessed four times on stereotype awareness regarding their own school track and academic outcomes (achievement, engagement, self-concept) between Grades 5 and 8. Students in the lowest track reported higher levels of stereotype awareness than higher track students or students attending a combined track. Stereotype awareness increased across time in all tracks. Contrary to our preregistered hypotheses, however, the results from multigroup models revealed that (changes in) stereotype awareness were not more strongly related to (changes in) most outcomes in the lowest track in comparison with the other two tracks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Bardach
- University of Tübingen, Hector Research Institute of Education Sciences and Psychology, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Claudia Neuendorf
- University of Tübingen, Hector Research Institute of Education Sciences and Psychology, Tübingen, Germany
- University of Potsdam, Education Department, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Kou Murayama
- University of Tübingen, Hector Research Institute of Education Sciences and Psychology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Fahrbach
- University of Tübingen, Hector Research Institute of Education Sciences and Psychology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michel Knigge
- Humboldt University Berlin, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Nagengast
- University of Tübingen, Hector Research Institute of Education Sciences and Psychology, Tübingen, Germany
- Korea University, Department of Education and the Brain & Motivation Research Institute (bMRI), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ulrich Trautwein
- University of Tübingen, Hector Research Institute of Education Sciences and Psychology, Tübingen, Germany
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229
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Elmer T. Computational social science is growing up: why puberty consists of embracing measurement validation, theory development, and open science practices. EPJ Data Sci 2023; 12:58. [PMID: 38098785 PMCID: PMC10716103 DOI: 10.1140/epjds/s13688-023-00434-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Puberty is a phase in which individuals often test the boundaries of themselves and surrounding others and further define their identity - and thus their uniqueness compared to other individuals. Similarly, as Computational Social Science (CSS) grows up, it must strike a balance between its own practices and those of neighboring disciplines to achieve scientific rigor and refine its identity. However, there are certain areas within CSS that are reluctant to adopt rigorous scientific practices from other fields, which can be observed through an overreliance on passively collected data (e.g., through digital traces, wearables) without questioning the validity of such data. This paper argues that CSS should embrace the potential of combining both passive and active measurement practices to capitalize on the strengths of each approach, including objectivity and psychological quality. Additionally, the paper suggests that CSS would benefit from integrating practices and knowledge from other established disciplines, such as measurement validation, theoretical embedding, and open science practices. Based on this argument, the paper provides ten recommendations for CSS to mature as an interdisciplinary field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timon Elmer
- Department of Psychology, Applied Social and Health Psychology, University of Zurich, Binzmühlestrasse 14/14, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
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230
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Zhuo C, Chen L, Wang Q, Cai H, Lin Z, Pan H, Wu M, Jin Y, Jin H, Zheng L. Association of age at first sexual intercourse and lifetime number of sexual partners with cardiovascular diseases: a bi-directional Mendelian randomization study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1267906. [PMID: 38146444 PMCID: PMC10749299 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1267906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Limited studies have explored the association between sexual factors [age at first sexual intercourse (AFS) and lifetime number of sexual partners (LNSP)] and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), leaving the causality inconclusive. Methods We performed a bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR) study to investigate the causality between sexual factors and CVDs, including coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation (AF), heart failure (HF), and ischemic stroke (IS). Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for sexual factors were extracted from the UK Biobank. Statistics for each CVD were derived from two different databases. MR estimates were calculated per outcome database and were combined through meta-analysis. Several complementary sensitivity analyses were also performed. Results The primary analysis suggested that AFS was causally associated with the risk of CVDs; the odds ratios (ORs) ranged from 0.686 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.611-0.770] for HF to 0.798 (95% CI, 0.719-0.886) for AF. However, the association between AFS and IS (OR, 0.844; 95% CI, 0.632-1.126) was not consistent in the meta-analysis after excluding SNPs related to confounders. Moreover, non-significant associations were found between LNSP and CVDs. Reverse direction MR analysis showed that CVDs were not associated with sexual factors. Conclusions Genetic evidence suggested that AFS was causally associated with the risk of CVDs except for IS, whereas non-significant association of LNSP with CVDs was detected. Further investigation into AFS could be warranted in preventing the progression of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengui Zhuo
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Drug and Medical Device Procurement, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haipeng Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Zujin Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Huili Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Meicui Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Yuxiang Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Hong Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Liangrong Zheng
- Department of Cardiology and Atrial Fibrillation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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231
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Wen L, Yang K, Cao Y, Qu M, Xiu M. Parental marital status and anxiety symptoms in adolescents: the mediating effect of childhood maltreatment. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023:10.1007/s00406-023-01717-4. [PMID: 38060034 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01717-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Although previous studies have established the association between parental marital status and mental health problems in adolescents, however, the adverse effects of incomplete family settings and childhood maltreatment on adolescent anxiety symptoms have not been fully investigated. Moreover, whether childhood maltreatment can mediate the relationship between parental marital status and anxiety symptoms remains unclear. A population-based cross-sectional study was performed among 35,573 adolescents in elementary schools across 17 provinces in China. And childhood maltreatment, resilience, and anxiety symptoms were assessed among adolescents, respectively. The parental marital status was self-reported as having two married biological parents, divorced parents, stepparents, and single-parent. We found that the rates of anxiety symptoms among adolescents were 35.1% in intact families, 48.8% in divorced families, 49% in stepparent families, and 48% in single-parent families. Divorced parents (aOR = 1.191, 95% CI [1.060-1.337]) was an independent risk factor for adolescents' anxiety symptom while having stepparents and single-parent were not. In addition, emotional abuse (aOR = 1.300, 95% CI [1.285-1.316]), sexual abuse (aOR = 1.088, 95% CI [1.063-1.114]), and physical neglect (aOR = 1.019, 95% CI [1.007-1.031]) were all independent risk factors for anxiety symptoms in adolescents, while physical abuse and emotional neglect were not. The negative impacts of divorced and remarried parents on adolescent anxiety symptoms were mediated by childhood maltreatment partially (64.9% and 72.2%), while childhood maltreatment completely mediated the adverse impacts of single-parent on adolescent anxiety symptoms. Childhood maltreatment intervention strategies could be necessary for anxiety symptoms of adolescents in divorced/stepparent/single-parent families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Wen
- Neurology Department, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Evidence-Based Department, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujia Cao
- Neurology Department, Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Qu
- Neurology Department, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Meihong Xiu
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Changping District, Beijing, 100096, China.
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232
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Faber JS, Al-Dhahir I, Kraal JJ, Breeman LD, van den Berg-Emons RJG, Reijnders T, van Dijk S, Janssen VR, Kraaijenhagen RA, Visch VT, Chavannes NH, Evers AWM. Guide Development for eHealth Interventions Targeting People With a Low Socioeconomic Position: Participatory Design Approach. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e48461. [PMID: 38048148 PMCID: PMC10728791 DOI: 10.2196/48461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with a low socioeconomic position (SEP) are less likely to benefit from eHealth interventions, exacerbating social health inequalities. Professionals developing eHealth interventions for this group face numerous challenges. A comprehensive guide to support these professionals in their work could mitigate these inequalities. OBJECTIVE We aimed to develop a web-based guide to support professionals in the development, adaptation, evaluation, and implementation of eHealth interventions for people with a low SEP. METHODS This study consisted of 2 phases. The first phase involved a secondary analysis of 2 previous qualitative and quantitative studies. In this phase, we synthesized insights from the previous studies to develop the guide's content and information structure. In the second phase, we used a participatory design process. This process included iterative development and evaluation of the guide's design with 11 professionals who had experience with both eHealth and the target group. We used test versions (prototypes) and think-aloud testing combined with semistructured interviews and a questionnaire to identify design requirements and develop and adapt the guide accordingly. RESULTS The secondary analysis resulted in a framework of recommendations for developing the guide, which was categorized under 5 themes: development, reach, adherence, evaluation, and implementation. The participatory design process resulted in 16 requirements on system, content, and service aspects for the design of the guide. For the system category, the guide was required to have an open navigation strategy leading to more specific information and short pages with visual elements. Content requirements included providing comprehensible information, scientific evidence, a user perspective, information on practical applications, and a personal and informal tone of voice. Service requirements involved improving suitability for different professionals, ensuring long-term viability, and a focus on implementation. Based on these requirements, we developed the final version of "the inclusive eHealth guide." CONCLUSIONS The inclusive eHealth guide provides a practical, user-centric tool for professionals aiming to develop, adapt, evaluate, and implement eHealth interventions for people with a low SEP, with the aim of reducing health disparities in this population. Future research should investigate its suitability for different end-user goals, its external validity, its applicability in specific contexts, and its real-world impact on social health inequality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper S Faber
- Department of Human-Centered Design, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Isra Al-Dhahir
- Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jos J Kraal
- Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Linda D Breeman
- Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Rita J G van den Berg-Emons
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Capri Cardiac Rehabilitation, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thomas Reijnders
- Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sandra van Dijk
- Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Veronica R Janssen
- Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Roderik A Kraaijenhagen
- Vital10, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- NDDO Institute for Prevention and Early Diagnostics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Valentijn T Visch
- Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Niels H Chavannes
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Andrea W M Evers
- Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
- Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
- Medical Delta, Leiden University, Delft University of Technology, Erasmus University, Delft, Netherlands
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233
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Tanksley PT, Logan MW, Barnes JC. History of incarceration and age-related neurodegeneration: Testing models of genetic and environmental risks in a longitudinal panel study of older adults. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288303. [PMID: 38048316 PMCID: PMC10695383 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
History of incarceration is associated with an excess of morbidity and mortality. While the incarceration experience itself comes with substantive health risks (e.g., injury, psychological stress, exposure to infectious disease), most individuals eventually return from prison to the general population where they will be diagnosed with the same age-related conditions that drive mortality in the non-incarcerated population but at exaggerated rates. However, the interplay between history of incarceration as a risk factor and more traditional risk factors for age-related diseases (e.g., genetic risk factors) has not been studied. Here, we focus on cognitive impairment, a hallmark of neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease, as an age-related state that may be uniquely impacted by the confluence of environmental stressors (e.g., incarceration) and genetic risk factors. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study, we found that incarceration and APOE-ε4 genotype (i.e., the chief genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease) both constituted substantive risk factors for cognitive impairment in terms of overall risk and earlier onset. The observed effects were mutually independent, however, suggesting that the risk conveyed by incarceration and APOE-ε4 genotype operate across different risk pathways. Our results have implications for the study of criminal-legal contact as a public health risk factor for age-related, neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter T. Tanksley
- Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America
| | - Matthew W. Logan
- School of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Texas Status University, San Marcos, TX, United States of America
| | - J. C. Barnes
- School of Criminal Justice, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
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234
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Ronco M, Tárraga JM, Muñoz J, Piles M, Marco ES, Wang Q, Espinosa MTM, Ponserre S, Camps-Valls G. Exploring interactions between socioeconomic context and natural hazards on human population displacement. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8004. [PMID: 38049446 PMCID: PMC10695951 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43809-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change is leading to more extreme weather hazards, forcing human populations to be displaced. We employ explainable machine learning techniques to model and understand internal displacement flows and patterns from observational data alone. For this purpose, a large, harmonized, global database of disaster-induced movements in the presence of floods, storms, and landslides during 2016-2021 is presented. We account for environmental, societal, and economic factors to predict the number of displaced persons per event in the affected regions. Here we show that displacements can be primarily attributed to the combination of poor household conditions and intense precipitation, as revealed through the interpretation of the trained models using both Shapley values and causality-based methods. We hence provide empirical evidence that differential or uneven vulnerability exists and provide a means for its quantification, which could help advance evidence-based mitigation and adaptation planning efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ronco
- Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.
| | - José María Tárraga
- Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Muñoz
- Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Piles
- Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Qiang Wang
- Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Sylvain Ponserre
- Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gustau Camps-Valls
- Image Processing Laboratory (IPL), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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235
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Guastaferro K, Sheldrick RC, Strayhorn JC, Feinberg E. Operationalizing Primary Outcomes to Achieve Reach, Effectiveness, and Equity in Multilevel Interventions. Prev Sci 2023:10.1007/s11121-023-01613-2. [PMID: 38047992 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-023-01613-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
When intervention scientists plan a clinical trial of an intervention, they select an outcome metric that operationalizes their definition of intervention success. The outcome metric that is selected has important implications for which interventions are eventually supported for implementation at scale and, therefore, what health benefits (including how much benefit and for whom) are experienced in a population. Particularly when an intervention is to be implemented in a population that experiences a health disparity, the outcome metric that is selected can also have implications for equity. Some outcome metrics risk exacerbating an existing health disparity, while others may decrease disparities for some but have less effect for the larger population. In this study, we use a computer to simulate implementation of a hypothetical multilevel, multicomponent intervention to highlight the tradeoffs that can occur between outcome metrics that reflect different operationalizations of intervention success. In particular, we highlight tradeoffs between overall mean population benefit and the distribution of health benefits in the population, which has direct implications for equity. We suggest that simulations like the one we present can be useful in the planning of a clinical trial for a multilevel and/or multicomponent intervention, since simulated implementation at scale can illustrate potential consequences of candidate operationalization of intervention success, such that unintended consequences for equity can be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Guastaferro
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - R Christopher Sheldrick
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jillian C Strayhorn
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily Feinberg
- Hassenfeld Child Health Innovation Institute, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
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236
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Aljaadi AM, Turki A, Gazzaz AZ, Al-Qahtani FS, Althumiri NA, BinDhim NF. Soft and energy drinks consumption and associated factors in Saudi adults: a national cross-sectional study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1286633. [PMID: 38115880 PMCID: PMC10729318 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1286633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The consumption of soft and energy drinks poses a significant risk for non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes and heart disease. Studies in Saudi Arabia have reported elevated consumption of soft/energy drinks, but nation-wide data is not available. Therefore, this study aims to explore the prevalence of soft and energy drinks consumption and its associated factors among a representative sample of Saudi adults. Methods The present research is a secondary data analysis of the 2021 Sharik Diet and Health National Survey (SDHNS). Current analysis used data on socio-demographics, anthropometrics, physical activity, and soft and energy drink consumption. The frequency of soft and energy drinks consumption is assessed on a weekly basis. Results Of the 5,194 Saudi adults, 3,928 were analyzed. Overall, 67% consumed soft drinks weekly, while 30% consumed energy drinks weekly. In multiple logistic regression, consumption of either soft drinks or energy drinks was associated with males, a younger age, lower income, and lower physical activity. Individuals with overweight or obesity were less likely to consume energy drinks [OR (95%CI): 0.83 (0.71, 0.99) and 0.73 (0.60, 0.90), respectively] than those with healthy weight. However, education level was not associated with either soft or energy drink consumption. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions designed to reduce soft and energy drinks consumption in Saudi adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M. Aljaadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abrar Turki
- Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafar Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa Z. Gazzaz
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Saeed Al-Qahtani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora A. Althumiri
- Sharik Association for Research and Studies, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Informed Decision Making, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser F. BinDhim
- Sharik Association for Research and Studies, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Informed Decision Making, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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237
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Solvang PK, Fougner M. Learning from clinical placement experience: how do undergraduate physiotherapy students approach person-centered practice? Physiother Theory Pract 2023; 39:2609-2624. [PMID: 35708964 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2022.2089609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is now widely accepted in physiotherapy and in other health professions, that involving patients in the design, planning and implementation of services is best practice. Little is, however, known about how physiotherapy students perceive their professional development in applying person-centered practice. OBJECTIVE To analyze how undergraduate physiotherapy students experience the process of learning to work in a person-centered way in clinical practice. METHOD Five focus-group interviews of final-year physiotherapy students. RESULTS It is important that students communicate in ways that accommodate the sociocultural characteristics of their patients. Students, where they experience that mutual understanding is not possible to achieve, tend to resort to the biomedical model and take on an expert instructor role that is met with acceptance from the patients. Some practice contexts were also found to strongly promote person-centered practice, others tightly restricting it. CONCLUSION In the educational setting, attention should be paid to the practice learning context, to the improvement of the ability of students to grasp the lived world of patients, and to activate their own identities and experiences as a relational tool in practicing person-centered care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Koren Solvang
- Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Fougner
- Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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238
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Liu LS, Jia X, Zhu A, Ran GJ, Siegert R, French N, Johnston D. Stigmatising and Racialising COVID-19: Asian People's Experience in New Zealand. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023; 10:2704-2717. [PMID: 36369460 PMCID: PMC9651882 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-022-01448-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The Asian community - the second largest non-European ethnic community in New Zealand - plays an important role in combatting the COVID-19 pandemic, evidenced by their active advocation for border control and mass masking. Despite the long history of racial discrimination against the Asian population, the Asian community has experienced certain degrees of racial discrimination associated with the stigmatisation as the cause of the COVID-19 outbreak in New Zealand. Based on data from a quantitative online survey with 402 valid responses within the Asian communities across New Zealand and the in-depth interviews with 19 Asian people in Auckland, New Zealand, this paper will illustrate Asian people's experience of racial discrimination and stigmatisation during the pandemic in the country. The survey shows that since the outbreak of COVID-19, under a quarter of the participants reported experiencing discrimination, and a third reported knowing an immediate contact who had experienced discrimination. However, when looking beyond their immediate social circle, an even higher proportion reported noticing racism and stigmatisation through the traditional or social media due to COVID-19. Major variations of the degree of racial discrimination experienced are determined by three demographic variables: ethnicity, age, and region. The in-depth interviews largely echoed the survey findings and highlighted a strong correlation between the perceived racial discrimination among the local Asian community and the stigmatisation associated with COVID-19. These findings are important for improving the way we manage future pandemics and other disasters within the context of the UN Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangni Sally Liu
- School of Humanities, Media and Creative Communication, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Xiaoyun Jia
- Institute of Governance & School of Politics and Public Administration, Shangdong University, Qingdao, China
- School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Zhu
- Trace Research Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Guanyu Jason Ran
- School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Richard Siegert
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nigel French
- Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Hopkirk Research Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - David Johnston
- Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand.
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Barnett H, Taylor Z, Booker L, Ricklefs C, Veltri K, Ervin DV, Gimarc K, Adedipe A. Training Among Noncustodial Health Care Workers Caring for Patients Experiencing Incarceration: A Preliminary Investigation. J Correct Health Care 2023; 29:411-420. [PMID: 37917880 DOI: 10.1089/jchc.22.11.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
People experiencing incarceration in the United States receive much of their health care outside of custodial settings. Optimizing care in this setting requires further understanding of the training and experiences of noncustodial health care workers. We conducted a cross-sectional, exploratory survey of health care workers at a single academic institution to assess their training and experiences related to caring for this patient population. Of 333 respondents, 94.1% had cared for patients experiencing incarceration but only 22.5% had received any formal training, with 94.6% somewhat or very interested in further training. Common challenges included lack of privacy, difficulty obtaining patient history or completing an examination, and patient distress. Health care workers frequently experience challenges and report strong interest in further training to address knowledge gaps, and further detailed investigation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Barnett
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Zoe Taylor
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lyndsey Booker
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Colbey Ricklefs
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kami Veltri
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Kayli Gimarc
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Adeyinka Adedipe
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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240
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Bell AV. Selection and adaptation in human migration. Evol Anthropol 2023; 32:308-324. [PMID: 37589279 DOI: 10.1002/evan.22003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews the ways migration shapes human biology. This includes the physiological and genetic, but also socio-cultural aspects such as organization, behavior, and culture. Across disciplines I highlight the multiple levels of cultural and genetic selection whereby individuals and groups adapt to pressures along a migration timeline: the origin, transit, and destination. Generally, the evidence suggests that selective pressures and adaptations occur at the individual, family, and community levels. Consequently, across levels there are negotiations, interactions, and feedbacks that shape migration outcomes and the trajectory of evolutionary change. The rise and persistence of migration-relevant adaptations emerges as a central question, including the maintenance of cumulative culture adaptations, the persistence of "cultures of migration," as well as the individual-level physiological and cognitive adaptations applied to successful transit and settlement in novel environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Viliami Bell
- Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
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241
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Malas J, Chen Q, Megna D, Zaffiri L, Rampolla RE, Egorova N, Emerson D, Catarino P, Chikwe J, Bowdish ME. Lung transplantation outcomes in patients from socioeconomically distressed communities. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023; 42:1690-1699. [PMID: 37481047 PMCID: PMC10854122 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated racial and gender disparities in lung allocation, but contemporary data regarding socioeconomic disparities in post-transplant outcomes are lacking. We evaluated the impact of a composite socioeconomic disadvantage index on post-transplant outcomes. METHODS The Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients identified 27,763 adult patients undergoing isolated primary lung transplantation between 2005 and 2020. Zip code-level socioeconomic distress was characterized using the Distressed Communities Index (DCI: 0-no distress, 100-severe distress) based on education level, poverty, unemployment, housing vacancies, median income, and business growth, and patients were stratified into high (DCI ≥60) or low (DCI <60) distressed groups. RESULTS Recipients from high-distress communities (n = 8006, 28.8%) were younger (59years [interquartile range {IQR} 50-64] vs 61years [IQR 52-66]), less often white (73 vs 85%), less likely to have a college degree (45 vs 59%), and more likely to have public insurance (57 vs 49%, all p < 0.001) compared to those from low-distress communities. Additionally, high-distress recipients were more likely to have group A diagnoses (32 vs 27%) and undergo bilateral lung transplants (72.4 vs 69.3%, all p < 0.001). Post-transplant survival at 5years was 55.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 54.4-56.9) in high-distress recipients and 58.2% (95% CI: 57.4-58.9) in low-distress recipients (p = 0.003). After adjustment, high distress level was independently associated with an increased risk of 5-year mortality (hazard ratio:1.09, 95% CI:1.04-1.15). CONCLUSIONS Recipients from distressed communities are at increased mortality risk following lung transplantation. Efforts should be focused on increased resource allocation and further study to better understand factors which may mitigate this disparity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jad Malas
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Qiudong Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dominick Megna
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lorenzo Zaffiri
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Reinaldo E Rampolla
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Natalia Egorova
- Department of Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Dominic Emerson
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Pedro Catarino
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Joanna Chikwe
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael E Bowdish
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
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242
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Zhang K, Xu X, You H. Social causation, social selection, and economic selection in the health outcomes of Chinese older adults and their gender disparities. SSM Popul Health 2023; 24:101508. [PMID: 37720820 PMCID: PMC10500472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The economic selection hypothesis, which argues that the initial economic situation determines both subsequent health and economic conditions, has been drawn into the debate on causation-selection issues. This study aims to construct a path model with self-rated health and depression score of older adults as health outcomes to measure and compare the social causation forces of wealth accumulation, social selection forces of adulthood health, and economic selection forces of childhood economics, and to examine their gender disparities. Methods Data was obtained from a sample of 19613 older adults aged 45 years or above from the 2014 life history survey and the 2015 routine follow-up survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Structural equation modeling analysis was conducted employing the full information maximum likelihood estimation method. Results The presence of social causation, social selection, and economic selection were all statistically supported. In self-rated health, social selection forces held the dominant position, while social causation forces were comparable to economic selection forces. In depression score, social selection still exhibited stronger forces than economic selection, but social causation had forces close to social selection and greater than economic selection. The forces of the three hypotheses in self-rated health did not significantly change with gender, but social causation exerted mightier forces than economic selection within the male group, unlike the female group. The forces of economic selection in depression score were greater in females than males and no significant differences were observed among the forces of the three hypotheses in the female group. Conclusions Social causation, social selection, and economic selection operate simultaneously on the self-rated health and depression score of older adults. However, the force magnitudes of the three hypotheses and/or their rankings differ by health outcomes and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Zhang
- School of Health Policy & Management, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinpeng Xu
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Healthy Jiangsu Development, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua You
- School of Health Policy & Management, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Healthy Jiangsu Development, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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243
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Šavrova A, Jaal J, Nõmm O, Innos K. Factors associated with advanced-stage diagnosis of cervical cancer in Estonia: a population-based study. Public Health 2023; 225:369-375. [PMID: 37989009 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cervical cancer (CC) remains a crucial public health issue in Estonia, with high incidence and late diagnosis. The aim of this study was to examine time trends of stage-specific CC incidence in Estonia and factors associated with advanced-stage diagnosis of CC. STUDY DESIGN This was a nationwide population-based retrospective study. METHODS Data on CC cases diagnosed in Estonia in 2007-2018 were obtained from the Estonian Cancer Registry, including tumour, nodes, metastases stage at diagnosis. Sociodemographic data were obtained from the Population Registry. To estimate the risk of advanced-stage diagnosis (stages II-IV vs stage I) associated with sociodemographic factors, Poisson regression with robust variance was used to calculate univariate and multivariate prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Time trends of stage-specific CC incidence for 2005-2019 were examined with joinpoint analysis. RESULTS Incidence of stage I CC showed a significant decline of 4.9% per year since 2007, whereas no change was seen for other stages. Of the 2046 women diagnosed in 2007-2018, 1137 (55.6%) were diagnosed at an advanced stage; this proportion increased from 51% in 2007-2009 to 58% in 2015-2018 (P = 0.004). Multivariate regression analysis showed that advanced-stage diagnosis was associated with age (PR 2.16, 95% CI 1.87-2.49 for women aged ≥75 years compared with those aged 30-44 years), educational level (PR 1.32, 95% CI 1.15-1.51 for women with basic/primary education compared to university education) and marital status (PR 1.14, 95% CI 1.01-1.29 for single women compared to married/cohabiting women). No associations were observed by region of residence or nationality. CONCLUSIONS To reduce CC mortality, it is crucial to improve prevention and early diagnosis of CC in Estonia through human papillomavirus vaccination and effective and quality-assured screening particularly targeting high-risk groups as well as encouraging symptom awareness and regular check-ups among older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Šavrova
- North Estonia Medical Centre Foundation, Womens Clinic, J. Sütiste tee 19, 13419, Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - J Jaal
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, L, Puusepa 8, 50406, Tartu, Estonia
| | - O Nõmm
- National Institute for Health Development, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Hiiu 42, 11619, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - K Innos
- National Institute for Health Development, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Hiiu 42, 11619, Tallinn, Estonia
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244
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Kestler-Peleg M, Greenblatt-Kimron L, Even-Zohar A, Lavenda O. Parental Self-Efficacy Among Israeli Older Adults. Can J Aging 2023; 42:631-641. [PMID: 37272522 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980823000144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Parental self-efficacy (PSE) is a central aspect of parenting research. Although parenting continues in older ages, few studies have focused on PSE among older adults. In line with the parenting determinant model, the study examined the associations between psychological distress, social support, loneliness, and PSE in older age.The study used a quantitative cross-sectional survey, including 362 Israeli parents age 65 years and above. Participants were asked to complete questionnaires of psychological distress, social support, loneliness, PSE, and background information.Results revealed that higher PSE was associated with lower psychological distress, higher social support, and a lower sense of loneliness in older adults. The research model explained 36.9 per cent of the variance in PSE among older adults.Mental state and social conditions are important for PSE of older adults; therefore, professionals should ensure the availability of diverse solutions to enable, maintain, and promote well-being through social and familial engagement in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Osnat Lavenda
- School of Social Work, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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245
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Van Orden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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246
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Kautz MM, McArthur BA, Moriarity DP, Ellman LM, Klugman J, Coe CL, Abramson LY, Alloy LB. The Impact of Early and Recent Life Stress on Trajectories of Inflammatory Biomarkers in a Diverse Sample of Adolescents. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:1883-1894. [PMID: 36786893 PMCID: PMC10642298 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01026-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Elevated inflammatory activity is one possible pathway through which exposure to childhood adversity engenders risk for physical and psychiatric illnesses. Limited research has investigated the compounding effects of childhood and adolescent stress exposure on changes in circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers. This study assessed whether childhood adversity interacted with chronic or acute stress during adolescence to affect the temporal trajectories of five inflammatory biomarkers across at least three blood draws in a diverse sample of adolescents (N = 134; observations = 462). Using multilevel modeling, the interaction of childhood adversity, time, and within-person variance of acute stressors significantly predicted trajectories of higher interleukin-10 levels, controlling for demographics, medication use, and body mass index. Adolescents with high levels of childhood adversity who were exposed to a higher frequency of acute stressors compared to their own average rate of stress exposure consistently had higher levels of IL-10 as they got older, but those with average and below frequency of acute stressors had decreasing trajectories of log IL-10 as they matured. The results demonstrate how events early in life shape biological responses to the adolescent environment. This study also highlights the importance of developmental timing on the body's enhanced reactivity to acute and sustained stressors following childhood adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marin M Kautz
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Weiss Hall, 1701 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | | | - Daniel P Moriarity
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Weiss Hall, 1701 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Lauren M Ellman
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Weiss Hall, 1701 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Joshua Klugman
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Weiss Hall, 1701 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Christopher L Coe
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Lyn Y Abramson
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Lauren B Alloy
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Weiss Hall, 1701 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
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247
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Siegel M, Rieders M, Rieders H, Moumneh J, Asfour J, Oh J, Oh S. Measuring Structural Racism and Its Association with Racial Disparities in Firearm Homicide. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023; 10:3115-3130. [PMID: 36508134 PMCID: PMC9744051 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-022-01485-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Structural racism is strongly related to racial health disparities. However, surprisingly few studies have developed empirical tools to measure structural racism. In addition, the few measures that have been employed have only considered structural racism at the neighborhood level. To expand upon previous studies, this paper uses a novel measure to measure structural racism at the county level for the non-Hispanic Black population. METHODS We used confirmatory factor analysis to create a model to measure the latent construct of structural racism for 1181 US counties. The model included five indicators across five dimensions: racial segregation, incarceration, educational attainment, employment, and economic status/wealth. Structural equation modeling and factor analysis were used to generate factor scores that weighted the indicators in order to produce the best model fit. The resulting factor scores represented the level of structural racism in each county. We demonstrated the utility of this measure by demonstrating its strong correlation with Black-White disparities in firearm homicide rates. RESULTS Our calculations revealed striking geographic differences across counties in the magnitude of structural racism, with the highest values generally being observed in the Midwest and Northeast. Structural racism was significantly associated with higher Black firearm homicide rates, lower White homicide rates, and a higher Black-White racial disparity in firearm homicide. CONCLUSIONS These new measures can be utilized by researchers to relate structural racism to racial health disparities at the county level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Siegel
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, 636 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
| | - Madeline Rieders
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, 636 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Hannah Rieders
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, 636 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Jinan Moumneh
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, 636 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Julia Asfour
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, 636 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Jinseo Oh
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, 636 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Seungjin Oh
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, 636 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
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248
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Gerashchenko D. Publishing in potentially predatory journals: Do universities adopt university leaders' dishonest behavior? Account Res 2023; 30:743-765. [PMID: 35618028 DOI: 10.1080/08989621.2022.2081916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
With the development of science digitalization, it became possible to detect dishonest behavior. The increasing magnitude of predatory publishing has boosted scientific research on the topic. While studies on university leaders' impact concentrate mainly on its positive effects on organizational performance, to date, little is known about whether academic leaders can negatively influence the organizations they lead depending on their engagement in academic misconduct. Using a sample of Russian universities and their leaders from 2010-2020, I ask whether universities tend to adopt leaders' dishonest behavior. Specifically, I analyzed whether universities increase publications in potentially predatory journals after a leader with such a record enters the office. Relying on a culture theory of academic misconduct, I discuss the role-related factors that contribute to a leader's influence over employees. I focus on whether the leader's influence relates to external incentives for universities to publish more, the leader's career development type, or the leader's and university's research area. The findings demonstrate that the share of publications in potentially predatory journals tends to increase if a leader with such publications assumes office, especially if the university is research-oriented. The results suggest that academic reputation of a leader matters to the university's consequent misconduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Gerashchenko
- European University at St Petersburg, Centre for Institutional Analysis of Science and Education, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
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249
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Garcia MA, Sáenz R. Latino Mortality Paradox Found (Again): COVID-19 Mortality a Tale of Two Years. J Aging Health 2023; 35:808-818. [PMID: 37196251 PMCID: PMC10195697 DOI: 10.1177/08982643231174980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: This study examines the resiliency of the Latino Mortality paradox during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are used to compute the ratio of Latino-to-white all-causes death rates for adults aged 45 and older, nationally and among 13 U.S. states with Latino populations greater than one million. Results: Nationally, the Latino mortality paradox persisted in 2020 and 2021. However, there was significant variation across states. We document three distinct patterns of COVID-19 mortality across 13 U.S. states: 1) the disappearance of the Latino mortality paradox, 2) the persistence of the Latino mortality paradox, and 3) the disappearance in 2020 and reemergence in 2021 of the Latino mortality paradox. Discussion: COVID-19 Mortality has disproportionately affected mid- and late-life Latinos, although the disparities relative to whites have narrowed. We discuss the dynamics influencing the waning and waxing of the Latino mortality paradox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc A. Garcia
- Department of Sociology, Maxwell School of Citizenship & Public Affairs, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Rogelio Sáenz
- Department of Demography, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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250
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Michael C, Tillem S, Sripada CS, Burt SA, Klump KL, Hyde LW. Neighborhood poverty during childhood prospectively predicts adolescent functional brain network architecture. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 64:101316. [PMID: 37857040 PMCID: PMC10587714 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Family poverty has been associated with altered brain structure, function, and connectivity in youth. However, few studies have examined how disadvantage within the broader neighborhood may influence functional brain network organization. The present study leveraged a longitudinal community sample of 538 twins living in low-income neighborhoods to evaluate the prospective association between exposure to neighborhood poverty during childhood (6-10 y) with functional network architecture during adolescence (8-19 y). Using resting-state and task-based fMRI, we generated two latent measures that captured intrinsic brain organization across the whole-brain and network levels - network segregation and network segregation-integration balance. While age was positively associated with network segregation and network balance overall across the sample, these associations were moderated by exposure to neighborhood poverty. Specifically, these positive associations were observed only in youth from more, but not less, disadvantaged neighborhoods. Moreover, greater exposure to neighborhood poverty predicted reduced network segregation and network balance in early, but not middle or late, adolescence. These effects were detected both across the whole-brain system as well as specific functional networks, including fronto-parietal, default mode, salience, and subcortical systems. These findings indicate that where children live may exert long-reaching effects on the organization and development of the adolescent brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleanthis Michael
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Scott Tillem
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chandra S Sripada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S Alexandra Burt
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Kelly L Klump
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Luke W Hyde
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Survey Research Center at the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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