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Stein CH, Redondo RA, Simon S, Silverman ZJ. Strengths, Struggles, and Strategies: How Adults with Serious Mental Illness Navigate Long-Term Romantic Relationships. Community Ment Health J 2024; 60:1322-1332. [PMID: 38713315 PMCID: PMC11408583 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01288-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Married individuals and those in committed romantic relationships generally report having better mental health outcomes than their single or divorced counterparts. However, studies of romantic relationships for adults with mental illness have often ignored rewarding aspects of romantic relationships and have focused primarily on relationship difficulties. In this study, 23 adults with serious mental illness in long-term romantic relationships described their relationship strengths and struggles in small focus group discussions. Content analysis was used to characterize themes from participant accounts. Overall, participants described deep emotional bonds with their partners, a mutual willingness to work on their relationship, and good communication skills as relationship strengths. Mental health symptoms and internalized stigma were identified as major contributors to relationship struggles. Participants spontaneously identified intentional strategies that they used to navigate mental health challenges in their relationship that included self-directed, partner-directed, and couple-directed actions. Implications of findings for research and practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine H Stein
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA.
| | - Rachel A Redondo
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA
| | - Sharon Simon
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA
| | - Zachary J Silverman
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA
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2
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Kailaheimo-Lönnqvist S, Moustgaard H, Martikainen P, Myrskylä M. Own depression, partner's depression, and childlessness: A nationwide register-based study. Soc Sci Med 2024; 361:117356. [PMID: 39332314 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
Depression and other mental health disorders are increasing while childlessness is increasing. However, this relationship has rarely been studied. We examine how depression, as measured by antidepressant use, is related to childlessness. We add to the previous research by examining both the role of current partnership status and having a partner with depression as a mechanism. We use Finnish total population register data for cohorts born in 1977-1980. We estimate discrete time event history models for the likelihood of having a child with average marginal effects separately for men and women. Depression was measured annually with a time-varying indicator of having at least one purchase of antidepressants in the preceding year. We find a positive association between depression and childlessness; the annual probability of having a child was 2.7 percentage points lower for women with depression and 1.6 percentage points for men with depression in age-controlled models. When controlling for all background variables such as education, the likelihood of having a child was 1.9 percentage points lower for women with depression and 0.3 percentage points lower for men with depression. In total, 41% of men and 26% of women who had used antidepressant medication between ages 18-38 remained childless at age 39, compared to 30% of men and 22% of women who had not used antidepressant medication. We also find that a partner's depression increases the probability of being childless, and the likelihood of being childless is even higher if both an individual and their partner had depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Kailaheimo-Lönnqvist
- Helsinki Institute for Demography and Population Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany; University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Max Planck - University of Helsinki Center for Social Inequalities in Population Health (MaxHel), Helsinki (Finland) and Rostock (Germany).
| | - Heta Moustgaard
- Helsinki Institute for Demography and Population Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; The Social Insurance Institution of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Martikainen
- Helsinki Institute for Demography and Population Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany; Max Planck - University of Helsinki Center for Social Inequalities in Population Health (MaxHel), Helsinki (Finland) and Rostock (Germany)
| | - Mikko Myrskylä
- Helsinki Institute for Demography and Population Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany; Max Planck - University of Helsinki Center for Social Inequalities in Population Health (MaxHel), Helsinki (Finland) and Rostock (Germany)
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3
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Strom NI, Burton CL, Iyegbe C, Silzer T, Antonyan L, Pool R, Lemire M, Crowley JJ, Hottenga JJ, Ivanov VZ, Larsson H, Lichtenstein P, Magnusson P, Rück C, Schachar R, Wu HM, Cath D, Crosbie J, Mataix-Cols D, Boomsma DI, Mattheisen M, Meier SM, Smit DJA, Arnold PD. Genome-Wide Association Study of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms including 33,943 individuals from the general population. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:2714-2723. [PMID: 38548983 PMCID: PMC11420085 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02489-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
While 1-2% of individuals meet the criteria for a clinical diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), many more (~13-38%) experience subclinical obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) during their life. To characterize the genetic underpinnings of OCS and its genetic relationship to OCD, we conducted the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of parent- or self-reported OCS to date (N = 33,943 with complete phenotypic and genome-wide data), combining the results from seven large-scale population-based cohorts from Sweden, the Netherlands, England, and Canada (including six twin cohorts and one cohort of unrelated individuals). We found no genome-wide significant associations at the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) or gene-level, but a polygenic risk score (PRS) based on the OCD GWAS previously published by the Psychiatric Genetics Consortium (PGC-OCD) was significantly associated with OCS (Pfixed = 3.06 × 10-5). Also, one curated gene set (Mootha Gluconeogenesis) reached Bonferroni-corrected significance (Ngenes = 28, Beta = 0.79, SE = 0.16, Pbon = 0.008). Expression of genes in this set is high at sites of insulin mediated glucose disposal. Dysregulated insulin signaling in the etiology of OCS has been suggested by a previous study describing a genetic overlap of OCS with insulin signaling-related traits in children and adolescents. We report a SNP heritability of 4.1% (P = 0.0044) in the meta-analyzed GWAS, and heritability estimates based on the twin cohorts of 33-43%. Genetic correlation analysis showed that OCS were most strongly associated with OCD (rG = 0.72, p = 0.0007) among all tested psychiatric disorders (N = 11). Of all 97 tested phenotypes, 24 showed a significant genetic correlation with OCS, and 66 traits showed concordant directions of effect with OCS and OCD. OCS have a significant polygenic contribution and share genetic risk with diagnosed OCD, supporting the hypothesis that OCD represents the extreme end of widely distributed OCS in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora I Strom
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Christie L Burton
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Conrad Iyegbe
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Talisa Silzer
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lilit Antonyan
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - René Pool
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mathieu Lemire
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James J Crowley
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden
- Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Netherlands Twin Register, Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Volen Z Ivanov
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henrik Larsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Medical sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Paul Lichtenstein
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrik Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Rück
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Russell Schachar
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hei Man Wu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Danielle Cath
- Rijksuniversiteit Groningen and Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Specialized Training, Drenthe Mental Health Care Institute, Assen, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Mataix-Cols
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Twin Register, Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Community Health & Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, NS, Halifax, Canada
| | - Sandra M Meier
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Community Health & Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, NS, Halifax, Canada
| | - Dirk J A Smit
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity and Attention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul D Arnold
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Departments of Psychiatry and Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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4
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Serravalle L, Trespalacios F, Ellenbogen MA. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning in offspring of parents with a major affective disorder: a meta-analytic review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02553-0. [PMID: 39207496 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02553-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Because the offspring of parents with an affective disorder (OAD) are at high risk for developing mental disorders, and persons with an affective disorder (AD) show dysfunctional hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, changes in HPA functioning in OAD might be an etiological risk factor that precedes the development of ADs. The primary aim of the meta-analysis was to quantitatively summarize the existing data on different indices of diurnal cortisol in the OAD. The secondary aim was to explore potential moderators of this relation. Following PRISMA guidelines, we included 26 studies (3052 offspring) on diurnal cortisol in our meta-analysis after an initial screening of 3408 articles. Intercept-only and meta-regression models were computed using the robust variance estimation method. Analyses examining mean cortisol levels at discrete timepoints, total cortisol output, and the cortisol rise in response to awakening (CAR) were conducted separately. The results demonstrated that the OAD had higher mean levels of cortisol at different timepoints throughout the day compared to controls (Hedge's g = 0.21). There was evidence of publication bias in studies examining CAR, such that effect sizes were positively biased. The present findings are consistent with a meta-analysis showing elevated cortisol in youth having an AD. Notable limitations across studies include the method of cortisol measurement and assessment of ADs. Altogether, these results highlight the fact that increased cortisol levels may act as a potential neuroendocrine antecedent and/or risk factor for the development of ADs among high risk youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Serravalle
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Research in Human Development, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke W., Montréal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Florencia Trespalacios
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Research in Human Development, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke W., Montréal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Mark A Ellenbogen
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Research in Human Development, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke W., Montréal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada.
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5
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Westergaard D, Jørgensen FH, Waaben J, Jung AW, Lademann M, Hansen TF, Cremers J, Ostrowski SR, Pedersen OBV, Reguant R, Jørgensen IF, Fitzgerald T, Birney E, Banasik K, Mortensen L, Brunak S. Uncovering the heritable components of multimorbidities and disease trajectories using a nationwide cohort. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7457. [PMID: 39198472 PMCID: PMC11358290 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51795-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Quantifying the contribution of genetics and environmental effects on disease initiation and progression, as well as the shared genetics of different diseases, is vital for the understanding of the disease etiology of multimorbidities. In this study, we leverage nationwide Danish registries to provide a granular atlas of the genetic origin of disease phenotypes for a cohort of all Danes 1978-2018 with partially known pedigree (n = 6.3 million). We estimate the heritability and genetic correlation between thousands of disease phenotypes using a novel approach that can be scaled to nationwide data. Our findings confirm the importance of genetics for a number of known associations and increase the resolution of heritability by adding numerous associations, some of which point to shared biologically origin of different phenotypes. We also establish the heritability of disease trajectories and the importance of sex-specific genetic contributions. Results can be accessed at https://h2.cpr.ku.dk/ .
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Affiliation(s)
- David Westergaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Methods and Analysis, Statistics Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | | | - Jens Waaben
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander Wolfgang Jung
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Methods and Analysis, Statistics Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Lademann
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Methods and Analysis, Statistics Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Folkmann Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jolien Cremers
- Methods and Analysis, Statistics Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sisse Rye Ostrowski
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Birger Vesterager Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | - Roc Reguant
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Australian e-Health Research Centre, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Isabella Friis Jørgensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tom Fitzgerald
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Ewan Birney
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Karina Banasik
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Laust Mortensen
- Methods and Analysis, Statistics Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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6
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Reed ZE, Thomas R, Boyd A, Griffith GJ, Morris TT, Rai D, Manley D, Davey Smith G, Davis OSP. Mapping associations of polygenic scores with autistic and ADHD traits in a single city region. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024. [PMID: 39143033 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.14047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic and environmental aetiology of autistic and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) traits is known to vary spatially, but does this translate into variation in the association of specific common genetic variants? METHODS We mapped associations between polygenic scores for autism and ADHD and their respective traits in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (N = 4,255-6,165) across the area surrounding Bristol, UK, and compared them to maps of environments associated with the prevalence of autism and ADHD. RESULTS Our results suggest genetic associations vary spatially, with consistent patterns for autistic traits across polygenic scores constructed at different p-value thresholds. Patterns for ADHD traits were more variable across thresholds. We found that the spatial distributions often correlated with known environmental influences. CONCLUSIONS These findings shed light on the factors that contribute to the complex interplay between the environment and genetic influences in autistic and ADHD traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe E Reed
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Richard Thomas
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Andy Boyd
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, ALSPAC, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gareth J Griffith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tim T Morris
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dheeraj Rai
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Avon and Wiltshire Partnership NHS Mental Health Trust, Bath, UK
| | - David Manley
- School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Urbanism, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Oliver S P Davis
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Alan Turing Institute, London, UK
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7
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Brikell I, Rück C, Kuja-Halkola R. Genes and Rearing-What Explains Intergenerational Transmission of PTSD? JAMA Psychiatry 2024; 81:747-748. [PMID: 38837141 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabell Brikell
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christian Rück
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm
| | - Ralf Kuja-Halkola
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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8
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Torvik FA, Sunde HF, Cheesman R, Eftedal NH, Keller MC, Ystrom E, Eilertsen EM. Non-random Mating Patterns in Education, Mental, and Somatic Health: A Population Study on Within- and Cross-Trait Associations. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2023.11.27.23299055. [PMID: 38077008 PMCID: PMC10705620 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.27.23299055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Partners resemble each other on many traits, such as health and education. The traits are usually studied one by one in data from established couples and with potential participation bias. We studied all Norwegian parents who had their first child between 2016 and 2020 (N=187,926) and the siblings of these parents. We analysed grade point averages at age 16 (GPA), educational attainment (EA), and medical records with diagnostic data on 10 mental and 10 somatic health conditions measured 10 to 5 years before childbirth. We found stronger partner similarity in mental (median r=0.14) than in somatic health conditions (median r=0.04), with ubiquitous cross-trait correlations for mental health conditions (median r=0.13). GPA correlated 0.43 and EA 0.47 between partners. High GPA or EA was associated with better mental (median r=-0.16) and somatic (median r=-0.08) health in partners. Elevated correlations for mental health (median r=0.25) in established couples indicated convergence. Analyses of siblings and in-laws revealed deviations from direct assortment, suggesting instead indirect assortment based on related traits. Adjusting for GPA and EA reduced partner correlations in health with 30-40%. This has implications for the distribution of risk factors among children, for genetic studies, and for studies of intergenerational transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fartein Ask Torvik
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hans Fredrik Sunde
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rosa Cheesman
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Matthew C. Keller
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Eivind Ystrom
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Moen Eilertsen
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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9
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Amiel Castro RT, Pinard Anderman C, O'Connor TG, Glover V, Kammerer M. Maternal and paternal postpartum early mood and bonding. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2024; 42:741-752. [PMID: 36593232 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2022.2159351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whereas the maternal 'blues' has been widely researched, comparatively less is known about the "highs" following childbirth, and the relation between mothers and fathers' mood in this early period. We aimed to investigate the association between maternal 'blues' and 'highs' with paternal postpartum mood (here described as 'lows' and 'highs') in the early postpartum and their associations with the quality of child bonding. METHODS Women and their cohabitating male partners, fathers of the index child (N = 98 couples), attending an obstetric hospital unit completed questionnaires on mood, bonding and socio-demographics between the 3rd and the 5th postpartum day. We used generalised estimating equations to analyse the data. RESULTS The 'blues' scores were higher in mothers, whereas 'highs' and bonding were higher in fathers. Maternal 'blues' were significantly correlated with paternal 'lows' (rs = .23, p < .05) and maternal 'highs' were also associated with paternal 'highs' (rs = .22, p < .05). Parental 'highs' were significantly associated with better baby bonding (B = .13, p = .02). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates moderate associations between both 'blues/lows' and 'highs' in mothers and fathers shortly after the birth of the child. Associations between mood, particularly 'highs', and bonding were similar for mothers and fathers. Greater consideration of 'blues/lows' and 'highs' in both parents is needed to promote adjustment in the postpartum period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita T Amiel Castro
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Pinard Anderman
- Department of Applied Psychology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, ZHAW, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas G O'Connor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Vivette Glover
- Imperial College London, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Martin Kammerer
- Imperial College London, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
- Outpatient Service, Alpine Health AG, Altendorf, Switzerland
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10
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Zhang J, Weissenkampen JD, Kember RL, Grove J, Børglum AD, Robinson EB, Brodkin ES, Almasy L, Bucan M, Sebro R. Phenotypic and ancestry-related assortative mating in autism. Mol Autism 2024; 15:27. [PMID: 38877467 PMCID: PMC11177537 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-024-00605-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positive assortative mating (AM) in several neuropsychiatric traits, including autism, has been noted. However, it is unknown whether the pattern of AM is different in phenotypically defined autism subgroups [e.g., autism with and without intellectually disability (ID)]. It is also unclear what proportion of the phenotypic AM can be explained by the genetic similarity between parents of children with an autism diagnosis, and the consequences of AM on the genetic structure of the population. METHODS To address these questions, we analyzed two family-based autism collections: the Simons Foundation Powering Autism Research for Knowledge (SPARK) (1575 families) and the Simons Simplex Collection (SSC) (2283 families). RESULTS We found a similar degree of phenotypic and ancestry-related AM in parents of children with an autism diagnosis regardless of the presence of ID. We did not find evidence of AM for autism based on autism polygenic scores (PGS) (at a threshold of |r|> 0.1). The adjustment of ancestry-related AM or autism PGS accounted for only 0.3-4% of the fractional change in the estimate of the phenotypic AM. The ancestry-related AM introduced higher long-range linkage disequilibrium (LD) between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on different chromosomes that are highly ancestry-informative compared to SNPs that are less ancestry-informative (D2 on the order of 1 × 10-5). LIMITATIONS We only analyzed participants of European ancestry, limiting the generalizability of our results to individuals of non-European ancestry. SPARK and SSC were both multicenter studies. Therefore, there could be ancestry-related AM in SPARK and SSC due to geographic stratification. The study participants from each site were unknown, so we were unable to evaluate for geographic stratification. CONCLUSIONS This study showed similar patterns of AM in autism with and without ID, and demonstrated that the common genetic influences of autism are likely relevant to both autism groups. The adjustment of ancestry-related AM and autism PGS accounted for < 5% of the fractional change in the estimate of the phenotypic AM. Future studies are needed to evaluate if the small increase of long-range LD induced by ancestry-related AM has impact on the downstream analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Rachel L Kember
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jakob Grove
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine (Human Genetics) and iSEQ Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders D Børglum
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine (Human Genetics) and iSEQ Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Elise B Robinson
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward S Brodkin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laura Almasy
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maja Bucan
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ronnie Sebro
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
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11
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Voronin I, Ouellet‐Morin I, Petitclerc A, Morneau‐Vaillancourt G, Brendgen M, Dione G, Vitaro F, Boivin M. Intergenerational transmission of genetic risk for hyperactivity and inattention. Direct genetic transmission or genetic nurture? JCPP ADVANCES 2024; 4:e12222. [PMID: 38827976 PMCID: PMC11143957 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperactivity and inattention, the symptoms of ADHD, are marked by high levels of heritability and intergenerational transmission. Two distinct pathways of genetic intergenerational transmission are distinguished: direct genetic transmission when parental genetic variants are passed to the child's genome and genetic nurture when the parental genetic background contributes to the child's outcomes through rearing environment. This study assessed genetic contributions to hyperactivity and inattention in childhood through these transmission pathways. Methods The sample included 415 families from the Quebec Newborn Twin Study. Twins' hyperactivity and inattention were assessed in early childhood by parents and in primary school by teachers. The polygenic scores for ADHD (ADHD-PGS) and educational attainment (EA-PGS) were computed from twins' and parents' genotypes. A model of intergenerational transmission was developed to estimate (1) the contributions of parents' and children's PGS to the twins' ADHD symptoms and (2) whether these variances were explained by genetic transmission and/or genetic nurture. Results ADHD-PGS explained up to 1.6% of the variance of hyperactivity and inattention in early childhood and primary school. EA-PGS predicted ADHD symptoms at both ages, explaining up to 1.6% of the variance in early childhood and up to 5.5% in primary school. Genetic transmission was the only significant transmission pathway of both PGS. The genetic nurture channeled through EA-PGS explained up to 3.2% of the variance of inattention in primary school but this association was non-significant. Conclusions Genetic propensities to ADHD and education predicted ADHD symptoms in childhood, especially in primary school. Its intergenerational transmission was driven primarily by genetic variants passed to the child, rather than by environmentally mediated parental genetic effects. The model developed in this study can be leveraged in future research to investigate genetic transmission and genetic nurture while accounting for parental assortative mating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Voronin
- École de psychologieUniversité LavalQuébecQuebecCanada
| | - Isabelle Ouellet‐Morin
- School of CriminologyUniversity of MontrealThe Research Center of the Montreal Mental Health University Institute and the Research Group on Child MaladjustmentMontréalQuebecCanada
| | | | - Geneviève Morneau‐Vaillancourt
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry CentreInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Mara Brendgen
- Département de PsychologieUniversité du Québec à MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Ginette Dione
- École de psychologieUniversité LavalQuébecQuebecCanada
| | - Frank Vitaro
- École de PsychoéducationUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Michel Boivin
- École de psychologieUniversité LavalQuébecQuebecCanada
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12
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Cabrera-Mendoza B, Wendt FR, Pathak GA, Yengo L, Polimanti R. The impact of assortative mating, participation bias and socioeconomic status on the polygenic risk of behavioural and psychiatric traits. Nat Hum Behav 2024; 8:976-987. [PMID: 38366106 PMCID: PMC11161911 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-024-01828-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
To investigate assortative mating (AM), participation bias and socioeconomic status (SES) with respect to the genetics of behavioural and psychiatric traits, we estimated AM signatures using gametic phase disequilibrium and within-spouses and within-siblings polygenic risk score correlation analyses, also performing a SES conditional analysis. The cross-method meta-analysis identified AM genetic signatures for multiple alcohol-related phenotypes, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia and Tourette syndrome. Here, after SES conditioning, we observed changes in the AM genetic signatures for maximum habitual alcohol intake, frequency of drinking alcohol and Tourette syndrome. We also observed significant gametic phase disequilibrium differences between UK Biobank mental health questionnaire responders versus non-responders for major depressive disorder and alcohol use disorder. These results highlight the impact of AM, participation bias and SES on the polygenic risk of behavioural and psychiatric traits, particularly in alcohol-related traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Frank R Wendt
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gita A Pathak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Loic Yengo
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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13
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Bourque VR, Poulain C, Proulx C, Moreau CA, Joober R, Forgeot d'Arc B, Huguet G, Jacquemont S. Genetic and phenotypic similarity across major psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and quantitative assessment. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:171. [PMID: 38555309 PMCID: PMC10981737 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02866-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
There is widespread overlap across major psychiatric disorders, and this is the case at different levels of observations, from genetic variants to brain structures and function and to symptoms. However, it remains unknown to what extent these commonalities at different levels of observation map onto each other. Here, we systematically review and compare the degree of similarity between psychiatric disorders at all available levels of observation. We searched PubMed and EMBASE between January 1, 2009 and September 8, 2022. We included original studies comparing at least four of the following five diagnostic groups: Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, with measures of similarities between all disorder pairs. Data extraction and synthesis were performed by two independent researchers, following the PRISMA guidelines. As main outcome measure, we assessed the Pearson correlation measuring the degree of similarity across disorders pairs between studies and biological levels of observation. We identified 2975 studies, of which 28 were eligible for analysis, featuring similarity measures based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms, gene-based analyses, gene expression, structural and functional connectivity neuroimaging measures. The majority of correlations (88.6%) across disorders between studies, within and between levels of observation, were positive. To identify a consensus ranking of similarities between disorders, we performed a principal component analysis. Its first dimension explained 51.4% (95% CI: 43.2, 65.4) of the variance in disorder similarities across studies and levels of observation. Based on levels of genetic correlation, we estimated the probability of another psychiatric diagnosis in first-degree relatives and showed that they were systematically lower than those observed in population studies. Our findings highlight that genetic and brain factors may underlie a large proportion, but not all of the diagnostic overlaps observed in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cécile Poulain
- CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine Proulx
- CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Clara A Moreau
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Ridha Joober
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Baudouin Forgeot d'Arc
- CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guillaume Huguet
- CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Jacquemont
- CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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14
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Sunde HF, Eftedal NH, Cheesman R, Corfield EC, Kleppesto TH, Seierstad AC, Ystrom E, Eilertsen EM, Torvik FA. Genetic similarity between relatives provides evidence on the presence and history of assortative mating. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2641. [PMID: 38531929 PMCID: PMC10966108 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46939-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Assortative mating - the non-random mating of individuals with similar traits - is known to increase trait-specific genetic variance and genetic similarity between relatives. However, empirical evidence is limited for many traits, and the implications hinge on whether assortative mating has started recently or many generations ago. Here we show theoretically and empirically that genetic similarity between relatives can provide evidence on the presence and history of assortative mating. First, we employed path analysis to understand how assortative mating affects genetic similarity between family members across generations, finding that similarity between distant relatives is more affected than close relatives. Next, we correlated polygenic indices of 47,135 co-parents from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) and found genetic evidence of assortative mating in nine out of sixteen examined traits. The same traits showed elevated similarity between relatives, especially distant relatives. Six of the nine traits, including educational attainment, showed greater genetic variance among offspring, which is inconsistent with stable assortative mating over many generations. These results suggest an ongoing increase in familial similarity for these traits. The implications of this research extend to genetic methodology and the understanding of social and economic disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Fredrik Sunde
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Rosa Cheesman
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elizabeth C Corfield
- Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diakonale Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas H Kleppesto
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Eivind Ystrom
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Moen Eilertsen
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Fartein Ask Torvik
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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15
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Dobrescu SR, Dinkler L, Gillberg C, Gillberg C, Råstam M, Wentz E. Mental and physical health in children of women with a history of anorexia nervosa. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02393-y. [PMID: 38472414 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02393-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the offspring of women with anorexia nervosa (AN). The aim of this study was to examine perinatal status, mental and physical health in the offspring of mothers with a history of AN. Fifty-one individuals with adolescent-onset AN and 51 matched controls (COMP) have been followed prospectively. Presently, 30 years after AN onset, at a mean age of 44 years, female participants who had given birth (nAN = 40, nCOMP = 40) were interviewed regarding psychiatric health in their offspring using the Developmental and Well-Being Assessment and the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview. In addition, information on the offspring's perinatal status, psychiatric- and physical health was obtained from the Swedish Medical Birth Register and The Swedish National Patient Register. Data regarding mental and physical health were available for 83 and 86 offspring in the AN and COMP groups, respectively. At birth, all of weight, length, head circumference and ponderal index were significantly reduced in the offspring of mothers with a history of AN. In adolescence, parental interviews indicated an overrepresentation of current psychiatric diagnoses in the offspring of mothers with AN. Compared with the offspring in the COMP group, endocrinological, immune and metabolic disorders were much more common in the offspring of the AN group. In conclusion, a history of AN increases the risk of worse perinatal outcome of the offspring. Later on, in childhood and adolescence, psychiatric and physical morbidity may be overrepresented in the offspring of women with AN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Rydberg Dobrescu
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Lisa Dinkler
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carina Gillberg
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christopher Gillberg
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Maria Råstam
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Wentz
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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16
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Ayorech Z, Torvik FA, Cheesman R, Eilertsen EM, Valstad M, Bjørndal LD, Røysamb E, Havdahl A, Ystrøm E. The structure of psychiatric comorbidity without selection and assortative mating. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:121. [PMID: 38409260 PMCID: PMC10897477 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02768-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The widespread comorbidity observed across psychiatric disorders may be the result of processes such as assortative mating, gene-environment correlation, or selection into population studies. Between-family analyses of comorbidity are subject to these sources of bias, whereas within-family analyses are not. Because of Mendelian inheritance, alleles are randomly assigned within families, conditional on parental alleles. We exploit this variation to compare the structure of comorbidity across broad psychiatric polygenic scores when calculated either between-family (child polygenic scores) or within-family (child polygenic scores regressed on parental polygenic scores) in over 25,000 genotyped parent-offspring trios from the Norwegian Mother Father and Child Cohort study (MoBa). We fitted a series of factor models to the between- and within-family data, which consisted of a single genetic p-factor and a varying number of uncorrelated subfactors. The best-fitting model was identical for between- and within-family analyses and included three subfactors capturing variants associated with neurodevelopment, psychosis, and constraint, in addition to the genetic p-factor. Partner genetic correlations, indicating assortative mating, were not present for the genetic p-factor, but were substantial for the psychosis (b = 0.081;95% CI [0.038,0.124]) and constraint (b = 0.257;95% CI [0.075,0.439]) subfactors. When average factor levels for MoBa mothers and fathers were compared to a population mean of zero we found evidence of sex-specific participation bias, which has implications for the generalizability of findings from cohort studies. Our results demonstrate the power of the within-family design for better understanding the mechanisms driving psychiatric comorbidity and their consequences on population health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziada Ayorech
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0373, Norway.
| | - Fartein Ask Torvik
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0373, Norway
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rosa Cheesman
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0373, Norway
| | - Espen M Eilertsen
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0373, Norway
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mathias Valstad
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0373, Norway
- Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ludvig Daae Bjørndal
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0373, Norway
| | - Espen Røysamb
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0373, Norway
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexandra Havdahl
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0373, Norway
- Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health (PsychGen), Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Spångbergveien 25, Oslo, 0853, Norway
| | - Eivind Ystrøm
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0373, Norway
- Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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17
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Wang SH, Wu H, Hsu LY, Lin MC, Fan CC, Chen PC, Hsu CC, Wu CS. Widowhood and mortality risk in Taiwan: a population-based matched cohort study. Int J Epidemiol 2024; 53:dyae034. [PMID: 38553032 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyae034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studying the causes of death among deceased spouses and surviving partners may provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of the association between widowhood and mortality. This study investigated the mortality risk of widowhood in Taiwan, examined the association of the cause of death between widowed individuals and their deceased spouses and explored potential modifying effects by age, gender and duration after widowhood. METHODS This matched cohort study utilized Taiwan's National Health Insurance claims database and National Death Registry. In total, 204 010 widowed men and 596 136 widowed women were identified with a mean follow-up period of 6.9 and 7.9 years, respectively, and 816 040 comparison men and 2 384 544 comparison women were selected. RESULTS Widowhood was associated with an increased mortality risk, with widowed men having a 1.32 increased risk and widowed women having a 1.27 increased risk. Age at spousal death and duration modified the associations after widowhood. The widowed individuals are more likely to die by the same cause as the deceased spouse if they died by suicide, accident, endocrine, gastrointestinal disorders or infection. CONCLUSIONS The study suggests that healthcare policies and interventions should be developed to improve widowed individuals' health and overall welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Heng Wang
- National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huijing Wu
- National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Le-Yin Hsu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Program of Data Science, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chen Lin
- National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chieh Fan
- Center for Population Neuroscience and Genetics, Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pei-Chun Chen
- National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Hsu
- National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Shin Wu
- National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
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18
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McClellan JM, Zoghbi AW, Buxbaum JD, Cappi C, Crowley JJ, Flint J, Grice DE, Gulsuner S, Iyegbe C, Jain S, Kuo PH, Lattig MC, Passos-Bueno MR, Purushottam M, Stein DJ, Sunshine AB, Susser ES, Walsh CA, Wootton O, King MC. An evolutionary perspective on complex neuropsychiatric disease. Neuron 2024; 112:7-24. [PMID: 38016473 PMCID: PMC10842497 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The forces of evolution-mutation, selection, migration, and genetic drift-shape the genetic architecture of human traits, including the genetic architecture of complex neuropsychiatric illnesses. Studying these illnesses in populations that are diverse in genetic ancestry, historical demography, and cultural history can reveal how evolutionary forces have guided adaptation over time and place. A fundamental truth of shared human biology is that an allele responsible for a disease in anyone, anywhere, reveals a gene critical to the normal biology underlying that condition in everyone, everywhere. Understanding the genetic causes of neuropsychiatric disease in the widest possible range of human populations thus yields the greatest possible range of insight into genes critical to human brain development. In this perspective, we explore some of the relationships between genes, adaptation, and history that can be illuminated by an evolutionary perspective on studies of complex neuropsychiatric disease in diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon M McClellan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Anthony W Zoghbi
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joseph D Buxbaum
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Carolina Cappi
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - James J Crowley
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jonathan Flint
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dorothy E Grice
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Suleyman Gulsuner
- Department of Medicine and Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Conrad Iyegbe
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sanjeev Jain
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Meera Purushottam
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Dan J Stein
- SAMRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Anna B Sunshine
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Medicine and Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ezra S Susser
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Christopher A Walsh
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Genetics and Genomics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Olivia Wootton
- SAMRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mary-Claire King
- Department of Medicine and Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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19
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Smolen C, Jensen M, Dyer L, Pizzo L, Tyryshkina A, Banerjee D, Rohan L, Huber E, El Khattabi L, Prontera P, Caberg JH, Van Dijck A, Schwartz C, Faivre L, Callier P, Mosca-Boidron AL, Lefebvre M, Pope K, Snell P, Lockhart PJ, Castiglia L, Galesi O, Avola E, Mattina T, Fichera M, Luana Mandarà GM, Bruccheri MG, Pichon O, Le Caignec C, Stoeva R, Cuinat S, Mercier S, Bénéteau C, Blesson S, Nordsletten A, Martin-Coignard D, Sistermans E, Kooy RF, Amor DJ, Romano C, Isidor B, Juusola J, Girirajan S. Assortative mating and parental genetic relatedness contribute to the pathogenicity of variably expressive variants. Am J Hum Genet 2023; 110:2015-2028. [PMID: 37979581 PMCID: PMC10716518 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined more than 97,000 families from four neurodevelopmental disease cohorts and the UK Biobank to identify phenotypic and genetic patterns in parents contributing to neurodevelopmental disease risk in children. We identified within- and cross-disorder correlations between six phenotypes in parents and children, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (R = 0.32-0.38, p < 10-126). We also found that measures of sub-clinical autism features in parents are associated with several autism severity measures in children, including biparental mean Social Responsiveness Scale scores and proband Repetitive Behaviors Scale scores (regression coefficient = 0.14, p = 3.38 × 10-4). We further describe patterns of phenotypic similarity between spouses, where spouses show correlations for six neurological and psychiatric phenotypes, including a within-disorder correlation for depression (R = 0.24-0.68, p < 0.001) and a cross-disorder correlation between anxiety and bipolar disorder (R = 0.09-0.22, p < 10-92). Using a simulated population, we also found that assortative mating can lead to increases in disease liability over generations and the appearance of "genetic anticipation" in families carrying rare variants. We identified several families in a neurodevelopmental disease cohort where the proband inherited multiple rare variants in disease-associated genes from each of their affected parents. We further identified parental relatedness as a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders through its inverse relationship with variant pathogenicity and propose that parental relatedness modulates disease risk by increasing genome-wide homozygosity in children (R = 0.05-0.26, p < 0.05). Our results highlight the utility of assessing parent phenotypes and genotypes toward predicting features in children who carry rare variably expressive variants and implicate assortative mating as a risk factor for increased disease severity in these families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrine Smolen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Bioinformatics and Genomics Graduate program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Matthew Jensen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Bioinformatics and Genomics Graduate program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | | | - Lucilla Pizzo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Anastasia Tyryshkina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Deepro Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Bioinformatics and Genomics Graduate program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Laura Rohan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Emily Huber
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Laila El Khattabi
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Medical Genetics, Armand Trousseau and Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospitals, Paris, France
| | - Paolo Prontera
- Medical Genetics Unit, Hospital "Santa Maria della Misericordia", Perugia, Italy
| | - Jean-Hubert Caberg
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège. Domaine Universitaire du Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Anke Van Dijck
- Department of Medical Genetics, University and University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Genetique et Cenre de Référence Anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France; GAD INSERM UMR1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Patrick Callier
- Centre de Genetique et Cenre de Référence Anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France; GAD INSERM UMR1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | - Mathilde Lefebvre
- GAD INSERM UMR1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Kate Pope
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Penny Snell
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul J Lockhart
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Bruce Lefroy Center, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lucia Castiglia
- Research Unit of Rare Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Ornella Galesi
- Research Unit of Rare Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Avola
- Research Unit of Rare Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Teresa Mattina
- Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Fichera
- Research Unit of Rare Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Maria Grazia Bruccheri
- Research Unit of Rare Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Olivier Pichon
- CHU Nantes, Department of Medical Genetics, Nantes, France
| | - Cedric Le Caignec
- CHU Toulouse, Department of Medical Genetics, Toulouse, France; ToNIC, Toulouse Neuro Imaging, Center, Inserm, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Radka Stoeva
- Service de Cytogenetique, CHU de Le Mans, Le Mans, France
| | | | - Sandra Mercier
- CHU Nantes, Department of Medical Genetics, Nantes, France
| | | | - Sophie Blesson
- Department of Genetics, Bretonneau University Hospital, Tours, France
| | | | | | - Erik Sistermans
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - R Frank Kooy
- Department of Medical Genetics, University and University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - David J Amor
- Bruce Lefroy Center, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Corrado Romano
- Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; Medical Genetics, ASP Ragusa, Ragusa, Italy
| | | | | | - Santhosh Girirajan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Bioinformatics and Genomics Graduate program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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20
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Sidorchuk A, Brander G, Pérez-Vigil A, Crowley JJ, Larsson H, Lichtenstein P, Mataix-Cols D, Nordsletten AE. One versus two biological parents with mental disorders: Relationship to educational attainment in the next generation. Psychol Med 2023; 53:7025-7041. [PMID: 36545765 PMCID: PMC10719631 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722003506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both maternal and, separately, paternal mental illness are associated with diminished academic attainment among children. However, the differential impacts of diagnostic type and degree of parental burden (e.g. one v. both parents affected) on these functional outcomes are unknown. METHODS Using the Swedish national patient (NPR) and multi-generation (MGR) registers, 2 226 451 children (1 290 157 parental pairs), born 1 January 1973-31 December 1997, were followed through 31 December 2013. Diagnostic status of all cohort members was defined for eleven psychiatric disorders, and families classed by exposure: (1) parents affected with any disorder, (2) parents affected with a disorder group (e.g. neuropsychiatric disorders), and (3) parents affected with a specific disorder (e.g. ADHD). Pairs were further defined as 'unaffected,' 'single-affected,', or 'dual-affected.' Among offspring, the study evaluated fulfillment of four academic milestones, from compulsory (primary) school through University (college). Sensitivity analyses considered the impact of child's own mental health, as well as parental education, on main effects. RESULTS Marked reductions in the odds of achievement were observed, emerging at the earliest levels of schooling for both single-affected [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 0.50; 95% CI 0.49-0.51] and dual-affected (aOR 0.29, 95% CI 0.28-0.30) pairs and persisting thereafter [aOR range (single), 0.52-0.65; aOR range (dual), 0.30-0.40]. This pattern was repeated for analyses within diagnosis/diagnostic group. Main results were robust to adjustment for offspring mental health and parent education level. CONCLUSIONS Parental mental illness is associated with profound reductions in educational attainment in the subsequent generation, with children from dual-affected families at uniquely high risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sidorchuk
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustaf Brander
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala Universitet, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ana Pérez-Vigil
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - James J. Crowley
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Henrik Larsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro Universitet, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Paul Lichtenstein
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Mataix-Cols
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ashley E. Nordsletten
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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21
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Nordsletten AE, Isomura K, Crowley JJ, Cervin M, Larsson H, Lichtenstein P, Mataix-Cols D, Sidorchuk A. Labour market marginalization in children of persons with major psychiatric disorders: a Swedish national cohort study. World Psychiatry 2023; 22:483-484. [PMID: 37713580 PMCID: PMC10503925 DOI: 10.1002/wps.21127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley E Nordsletten
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kayoko Isomura
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - James J Crowley
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Matti Cervin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Henrik Larsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro Universitet, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Paul Lichtenstein
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Mataix-Cols
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Sidorchuk
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
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22
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Johnson EC, Salvatore JE, Lai D, Merikangas AK, Nurnberger JI, Tischfield JA, Xuei X, Kamarajan C, Wetherill L, Rice JP, Kramer JR, Kuperman S, Foroud T, Slesinger PA, Goate AM, Porjesz B, Dick DM, Edenberg HJ, Agrawal A. The collaborative study on the genetics of alcoholism: Genetics. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2023; 22:e12856. [PMID: 37387240 PMCID: PMC10550788 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
This review describes the genetic approaches and results from the family-based Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA). COGA was designed during the linkage era to identify genes affecting the risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD) and related problems, and was among the first AUD-focused studies to subsequently adopt a genome-wide association (GWAS) approach. COGA's family-based structure, multimodal assessment with gold-standard clinical and neurophysiological data, and the availability of prospective longitudinal phenotyping continues to provide insights into the etiology of AUD and related disorders. These include investigations of genetic risk and trajectories of substance use and use disorders, phenome-wide association studies of loci of interest, and investigations of pleiotropy, social genomics, genetic nurture, and within-family comparisons. COGA is one of the few AUD genetics projects that includes a substantial number of participants of African ancestry. The sharing of data and biospecimens has been a cornerstone of the COGA project, and COGA is a key contributor to large-scale GWAS consortia. COGA's wealth of publicly available genetic and extensive phenotyping data continues to provide a unique and adaptable resource for our understanding of the genetic etiology of AUD and related traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma C. Johnson
- Department of PsychiatryWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Jessica E. Salvatore
- Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
| | - Dongbing Lai
- Department of Medical & Molecular GeneticsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Alison K. Merikangas
- Department of Biomedical and Health InformaticsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - John I. Nurnberger
- Department of Medical & Molecular GeneticsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Department of PsychiatryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | - Xiaoling Xuei
- Department of Medical & Molecular GeneticsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Chella Kamarajan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesState University of New York Health Sciences UniversityBrooklynNew YorkUSA
| | - Leah Wetherill
- Department of Medical & Molecular GeneticsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | - John P. Rice
- Department of PsychiatryWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - John R. Kramer
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Samuel Kuperman
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Department of Medical & Molecular GeneticsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Paul A. Slesinger
- Departments of Neuroscience and Pharmacological SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Alison M. Goate
- Departments of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Neuroscience, and NeurologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesState University of New York Health Sciences UniversityBrooklynNew YorkUSA
| | - Danielle M. Dick
- Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
| | - Howard J. Edenberg
- Department of Medical & Molecular GeneticsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of PsychiatryWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
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23
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Horwitz TB, Balbona JV, Paulich KN, Keller MC. Evidence of correlations between human partners based on systematic reviews and meta-analyses of 22 traits and UK Biobank analysis of 133 traits. Nat Hum Behav 2023; 7:1568-1583. [PMID: 37653148 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-023-01672-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Positive correlations between mates can increase trait variation and prevalence, as well as bias estimates from genetically informed study designs. While past studies of similarity between human mating partners have largely found evidence of positive correlations, to our knowledge, no formal meta-analysis has examined human partner correlations across multiple categories of traits. Thus, we conducted systematic reviews and random-effects meta-analyses of human male-female partner correlations across 22 traits commonly studied by psychologists, economists, sociologists, anthropologists, epidemiologists and geneticists. Using ScienceDirect, PubMed and Google Scholar, we incorporated 480 partner correlations from 199 peer-reviewed studies of co-parents, engaged pairs, married pairs and/or cohabitating pairs that were published on or before 16 August 2022. We also calculated 133 trait correlations using up to 79,074 male-female couples in the UK Biobank (UKB). Estimates of the 22 mean meta-analysed correlations ranged from rmeta = 0.08 (adjusted 95% CI = 0.03, 0.13) for extraversion to rmeta = 0.58 (adjusted 95% CI = 0.50, 0.64) for political values, with funnel plots showing little evidence of publication bias across traits. The 133 UKB correlations ranged from rUKB = -0.18 (adjusted 95% CI = -0.20, -0.16) for chronotype (being a 'morning' or 'evening' person) to rUKB = 0.87 (adjusted 95% CI = 0.86, 0.87) for birth year. Across analyses, political and religious attitudes, educational attainment and some substance use traits showed the highest correlations, while psychological (that is, psychiatric/personality) and anthropometric traits generally yielded lower but positive correlations. We observed high levels of between-sample heterogeneity for most meta-analysed traits, probably because of both systematic differences between samples and true differences in partner correlations across populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya B Horwitz
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
| | - Jared V Balbona
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Katie N Paulich
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Matthew C Keller
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
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24
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Rohd SB, Hjorthøj C, Ohland J, Gregersen M, Hemager N, Søndergaard A, Christiani CA, Spang KS, Ellersgaard D, Burton BK, Melau M, Greve A, Gantriis DL, Jepsen JRM, Plessen KJ, Mors O, Nordentoft M, Harder S, Thorup AAE. Experiences of helplessness and fear among caregivers diagnosed with severe mental illness and co-caregivers: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study - VIA 7. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:1540-1551. [PMID: 35659307 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422000281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates indicators of disorganized caregiving among caregivers of children who have a familial predisposition of schizophrenia spectrum psychosis (SZ) or bipolar disorder (BP), and whether indicators of disorganized caregiving are associated with the caregivers' and children's level of functioning as well as the children's internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. Indicators of disorganized caregiving were assessed with the Caregiving Helplessness Questionnaire (CHQ). Level of functioning was evaluated using the Children's Global Assessment Scale and the Personal and Social Performance Scale, while dimensional psychopathology were measured with the Child Behavior Checklist. 185 caregivers belonging to a SZ combined group (i.e., SZ-I + SZ co-caregiver), 110 caregivers to a BP combined group (i.e., BP-I + BP co-caregiver), and 184 caregivers to a population-based control group provided data on CHQ. Having a history of SZ or BP or being a co-caregiver to a parent with SZ or BP was associated with higher levels of experiences of helplessness and fear. Higher scores on helplessness were associated with lower level of functioning among caregivers and children and with children having externalizing/internalizing behavior problems. These results emphasize the need for interventions addressing indicators of disorganized caregiving in families with SZ or BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinnika Birkehøj Rohd
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Carsten Hjorthøj
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210Aarhus, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, 1014Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Jessica Ohland
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maja Gregersen
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nicoline Hemager
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210Aarhus, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Søndergaard
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Camilla Austa Christiani
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210Aarhus, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, 1014Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Katrine Soeborg Spang
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, 1014Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Ditte Ellersgaard
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Klee Burton
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marianne Melau
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aja Greve
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Psychiatry, DK-8200Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ditte Lou Gantriis
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Psychiatry, DK-8200Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210Aarhus, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Kerstin Jessica Plessen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ole Mors
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Psychiatry, DK-8200Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne Harder
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, 1353, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Amalie Elgaard Thorup
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210Aarhus, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200Copenhagen, Denmark
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25
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Salvatore JE, Lönn SL, Sundquist J, Sundquist K, Kendler KS. Origins of spousal cross-concordance for psychiatric disorders: a test of the social stress theory for alcohol use disorder. Psychol Med 2023; 53:4772-4779. [PMID: 35730235 PMCID: PMC10916710 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722001738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The authors sought to clarify the impact of spousal psychiatric disorders of differing severity [major depression or anxiety disorders (DAD) v. bipolar disorder or nonaffective psychosis (BPN)] on proband risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD) during marriage. METHODS In a Swedish cohort (N = 744 628), associations between spousal DAD and BPN and proband AUD were estimated with Cox proportional hazards; associations between parental AUD, proband premarital AUD, and spousal lifetime DAD and BPN were estimated with logistic regression; and whether spousal DAD or BPN causally increased risk for AUD was evaluated with frailty models. RESULTS Spousal premarital DAD, spousal marital-onset DAD, and spousal BPN (premarital or marital-onset) were associated with proband AUD during marriage [hazard ratios (HR) range 1.44-3.72]. Those with a parental or premarital history of AUD (v. without) were more likely to marry a spouse with DAD or BPN (odds ratios 1.22-2.77). Moving from an unaffected first spouse to a DAD-affected second spouse increased AUD risk in males (HR 2.90). Moving from an unaffected first spouse to a BPN-affected second spouse increased AUD risk (HRmales 3.96; HRfemales 5.64). Moving to an unaffected second spouse from a DAD-affected first spouse decreased AUD risk, with stronger evidence in females compared to males (HRmales 0.59; HRfemales 0.28). CONCLUSIONS Associations between spousal DAD or BPN and proband AUD reflect both selection and causal effects. Marriage to a BPN-affected spouse has a particularly strong effect on AUD risk, with more modest effects for spousal DAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E. Salvatore
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sara Larsson Lönn
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Kenneth S. Kendler
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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26
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Smolen C, Jensen M, Dyer L, Pizzo L, Tyryshkina A, Banerjee D, Rohan L, Huber E, El Khattabi L, Prontera P, Caberg JH, Van Dijck A, Schwartz C, Faivre L, Callier P, Mosca-Boidron AL, Lefebvre M, Pope K, Snell P, Lockhart PJ, Castiglia L, Galesi O, Avola E, Mattina T, Fichera M, Mandarà GML, Bruccheri MG, Pichon O, Le Caignec C, Stoeva R, Cuinat S, Mercier S, Bénéteau C, Blesson S, Nordsletten A, Martin-Coignard D, Sistermans E, Kooy RF, Amor DJ, Romano C, Isidor B, Juusola J, Girirajan S. Assortative mating and parental genetic relatedness drive the pathogenicity of variably expressive variants. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.05.18.23290169. [PMID: 37292616 PMCID: PMC10246151 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.18.23290169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We examined more than 38,000 spouse pairs from four neurodevelopmental disease cohorts and the UK Biobank to identify phenotypic and genetic patterns in parents associated with neurodevelopmental disease risk in children. We identified correlations between six phenotypes in parents and children, including correlations of clinical diagnoses such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (R=0.31-0.49, p<0.001), and two measures of sub-clinical autism features in parents affecting several autism severity measures in children, such as bi-parental mean Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) scores affecting proband SRS scores (regression coefficient=0.11, p=0.003). We further describe patterns of phenotypic and genetic similarity between spouses, where spouses show both within- and cross-disorder correlations for seven neurological and psychiatric phenotypes, including a within-disorder correlation for depression (R=0.25-0.72, p<0.001) and a cross-disorder correlation between schizophrenia and personality disorder (R=0.20-0.57, p<0.001). Further, these spouses with similar phenotypes were significantly correlated for rare variant burden (R=0.07-0.57, p<0.0001). We propose that assortative mating on these features may drive the increases in genetic risk over generations and the appearance of "genetic anticipation" associated with many variably expressive variants. We further identified parental relatedness as a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders through its inverse correlations with burden and pathogenicity of rare variants and propose that parental relatedness drives disease risk by increasing genome-wide homozygosity in children (R=0.09-0.30, p<0.001). Our results highlight the utility of assessing parent phenotypes and genotypes in predicting features in children carrying variably expressive variants and counseling families carrying these variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrine Smolen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Bioinformatics and Genomics Graduate program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Matthew Jensen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Bioinformatics and Genomics Graduate program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | | | - Lucilla Pizzo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Anastasia Tyryshkina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Deepro Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Bioinformatics and Genomics Graduate program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Laura Rohan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Emily Huber
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Laila El Khattabi
- Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Medical Genetics, Armand Trousseau and Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospitals, Paris, France
| | - Paolo Prontera
- Medical Genetics Unit, Hospital “Santa Maria della Misericordia”, Perugia, Italy
| | - Jean-Hubert Caberg
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège. Domaine Universitaire du Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Anke Van Dijck
- Department of Medical Genetics, University and University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Genetique et Cenre de Référence Anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs, Hôpital d’Enfants, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
- GAD INSERM UMR1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Patrick Callier
- Centre de Genetique et Cenre de Référence Anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs, Hôpital d’Enfants, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
- GAD INSERM UMR1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | - Mathilde Lefebvre
- GAD INSERM UMR1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Kate Pope
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Penny Snell
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paul J. Lockhart
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Bruce Lefroy Center, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lucia Castiglia
- Research Unit of Rare Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Ornella Galesi
- Research Unit of Rare Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Avola
- Research Unit of Rare Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Teresa Mattina
- Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Fichera
- Research Unit of Rare Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
- Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Maria Grazia Bruccheri
- Research Unit of Rare Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Olivier Pichon
- CHU Nantes, Department of Medical Genetics, Nantes, France
| | - Cedric Le Caignec
- CHU Toulouse, Department of Medical Genetics, Toulouse, France
- ToNIC, Toulouse Neuro Imaging, Center, Inserm, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Radka Stoeva
- Service de Cytogenetique, CHU de Le Mans, Le Mans, France
| | | | - Sandra Mercier
- CHU Nantes, Department of Medical Genetics, Nantes, France
| | | | - Sophie Blesson
- Department of Genetics, Bretonneau University Hospital, Tours, France
| | | | | | - Erik Sistermans
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R. Frank Kooy
- Department of Medical Genetics, University and University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - David J. Amor
- Bruce Lefroy Center, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Corrado Romano
- Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Medical Genetics, ASP Ragusa, Ragusa, Italy
| | | | | | - Santhosh Girirajan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Bioinformatics and Genomics Graduate program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
- Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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27
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Veddum L, Gregersen M, Andreassen AK, Knudsen CB, Brandt JM, Krantz MF, Søndergaard A, Burton BK, Jepsen JRM, Hemager N, Thorup AAE, Nordentoft M, Mors O, Bliksted V, Greve AN. Social responsiveness in families with parental schizophrenia or bipolar disorder-The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study. Psychiatry Res 2023; 323:115140. [PMID: 36898170 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are highly heritable severe mental disorders associated with social impairments. Moreover, partners to individuals with one of these disorders display poorer functioning and more psychopathology, but their social skills and the transgenerational transmission remains uninvestigated. Therefore, we aimed to examine social responsiveness in families with parental schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. The cohort consists of 11-year-old children with at least one parent with schizophrenia (n = 179) or bipolar disorder (n = 105) and population-based controls (PBC, n = 181). Children and parents were assessed with The Social Responsiveness Scale, Second Edition. Duration of time each parent and child have lived together was ascertained through interviews. Parents with schizophrenia and parents with bipolar disorder exhibited poorer social responsiveness compared with PBC parents. Parents with schizophrenia displayed poorer social responsiveness compared with parents with bipolar disorder. Schizophrenia co-parents exhibited poorer social responsiveness compared with bipolar co-parents and PBC co-parents. We found significant positive associations between parents' and children's social responsiveness, with no interaction effect of duration of time living together. Considering that social impairments are suggested as a vulnerability marker, this knowledge calls for increased attention towards vulnerable families, particularly those where both parents have social impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Veddum
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Skejby - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark; iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Asrhus, Denmark.
| | - Maja Gregersen
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Asrhus, Denmark; CORE - Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Anna Krogh Andreassen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Skejby - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark; iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Asrhus, Denmark
| | - Christina Bruun Knudsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Skejby - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark; iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Asrhus, Denmark
| | - Julie Marie Brandt
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Asrhus, Denmark; CORE - Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Falkenberg Krantz
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Asrhus, Denmark; CORE - Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Søndergaard
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Asrhus, Denmark; CORE - Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Klee Burton
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Psychiatry Region Zealand, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Asrhus, Denmark; CORE - Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Nicoline Hemager
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Asrhus, Denmark; CORE - Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Amalie Elgaard Thorup
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Asrhus, Denmark; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Asrhus, Denmark; CORE - Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- The Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Skejby - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark; iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Asrhus, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Bliksted
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Skejby - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark; iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Asrhus, Denmark
| | - Aja Neergaard Greve
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Skejby - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark; iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Asrhus, Denmark
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28
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Steffensen NL, Hemager N, Bundgaard AF, Gantriis DL, Burton BK, Ellersgaard D, Carlsen AH, Bliksted V, Plessen KJ, Jepsen JRM, Nordentoft M, Thorup AAE, Mors O, Greve AN. Affective lability in parents with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and their co-parents - The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study VIA 7. Psychiatry Res 2023; 321:115092. [PMID: 36773417 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In bipolar disorder, dysregulation of affect is a core feature while knowledge on affective lability in schizophrenia is sparse. Research on affective lability in partners to individuals with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder is also lacking. The objective of this study was to investigate affective lability in parents with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, and their co-parents without these disorders. The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study - VIA 7 is a population-based cohort study. This study focuses on parents diagnosed with schizophrenia (n = 148), their co-parents (n = 157), parents with bipolar disorder (n = 98), their co-parents (n = 89) and control parents (n = 359). The Affective Lability Scale - short form (ALS-SF) was used to measure affective lability. We found significantly higher levels of affective lability in parents with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder compared with controls, but no significant differences between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Co-parents to parents with schizophrenia had significantly higher levels of affective lability compared to controls. Our results add to the existing knowledge concerning underlying transdiagnostic factors and nonrandom mating in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and highlight the need for studies of parental affective lability as a potential risk factor for offspring in families with parental schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna Lawaetz Steffensen
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Psychiatry, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nicoline Hemager
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark; Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health (CORE), Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Kildegaardsvej 28, building 15, 4th, Hellerup 2900, Denmark; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Hospitalsvej 3A, 1st floor, Hellerup 2900, Denmark
| | - Anette Faurskov Bundgaard
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Psychiatry, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ditte Lou Gantriis
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Psychiatry, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Klee Burton
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Hospitalsvej 3A, 1st floor, Hellerup 2900, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen N 2200, Denmark; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Psychiatry Region Zealand, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Ditte Ellersgaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark; Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health (CORE), Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Kildegaardsvej 28, building 15, 4th, Hellerup 2900, Denmark
| | | | - Vibeke Bliksted
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Psychiatry, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 82, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark
| | - Kerstin J Plessen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Hospitalsvej 3A, 1st floor, Hellerup 2900, Denmark; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark; Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health (CORE), Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Kildegaardsvej 28, building 15, 4th, Hellerup 2900, Denmark; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Hospitalsvej 3A, 1st floor, Hellerup 2900, Denmark; Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research & Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital, Ndr. Ringvej 29-67, Glostrup 2600, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark; Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health (CORE), Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Kildegaardsvej 28, building 15, 4th, Hellerup 2900, Denmark
| | - Anne A E Thorup
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Hospitalsvej 3A, 1st floor, Hellerup 2900, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen N 2200, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Psychiatry, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Aja Neergaard Greve
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Psychiatry, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 82, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark.
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29
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Abdellaoui A, Yengo L, Verweij KJH, Visscher PM. 15 years of GWAS discovery: Realizing the promise. Am J Hum Genet 2023; 110:179-194. [PMID: 36634672 PMCID: PMC9943775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been 15 years since the advent of the genome-wide association study (GWAS) era. Here, we review how this experimental design has realized its promise by facilitating an impressive range of discoveries with remarkable impact on multiple fields, including population genetics, complex trait genetics, epidemiology, social science, and medicine. We predict that the emergence of large-scale biobanks will continue to expand to more diverse populations and capture more of the allele frequency spectrum through whole-genome sequencing, which will further improve our ability to investigate the causes and consequences of human genetic variation for complex traits and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Abdellaoui
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Loic Yengo
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Karin J H Verweij
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter M Visscher
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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30
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Genetic footprints of assortative mating in the Japanese population. Nat Hum Behav 2023; 7:65-73. [PMID: 36138222 PMCID: PMC9883156 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-022-01438-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Assortative mating (AM) is a pattern characterized by phenotypic similarities between mating partners. Detecting the evidence of AM has been challenging due to the lack of large-scale datasets that include phenotypic data on both partners, especially in populations of non-European ancestries. Gametic phase disequilibrium between trait-associated alleles is a signature of parental AM on a polygenic trait, which can be detected even without partner data. Here, using polygenic scores for 81 traits in the Japanese population using BioBank Japan Project genome-wide association studies data (n = 172,270), we found evidence of AM on the liability to type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease, as well as on dietary habits. In cross-population comparison using United Kingdom Biobank data (n = 337,139) we found shared but heterogeneous impacts of AM between populations.
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31
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Kootbodien T, London L, Martin LJ, Defo J, Ramesar R. The shared genetic architecture of suicidal behaviour and psychiatric disorders: A genomic structural equation modelling study. Front Genet 2023; 14:1083969. [PMID: 36959830 PMCID: PMC10028147 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1083969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Suicidal behaviour (SB) refers to behaviours, ranging from non-fatal suicidal behaviour, such as suicidal ideation and attempt, to completed suicide. Despite recent advancements in genomic technology and statistical methods, it is unclear to what extent the spectrum of suicidal behaviour is explained by shared genetic aetiology. Methods: We identified nine genome-wide association statistics of suicidal behaviour (sample sizes, n, ranging from 62,648 to 125,844), ten psychiatric traits [n up to 386,533] and collectively, nine summary datasets of anthropometric, behavioural and socioeconomic-related traits [n ranging from 58,610 to 941,280]. We calculated the genetic correlation among these traits and modelled this using genomic structural equation modelling, identified shared biological processes and pathways between suicidal behaviour and psychiatric disorders and evaluated potential causal associations using Mendelian randomisation. Results: Among populations of European ancestry, we observed strong positive genetic correlations between suicide ideation, attempt and self-harm (rg range, 0.71-1.09) and moderate to strong genetic correlations between suicidal behaviour traits and a range of psychiatric disorders, most notably, major depression disorder (rg = 0.86, p = 1.62 × 10-36). Multivariate analysis revealed a common factor structure for suicidal behaviour traits, major depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and alcohol use disorder. The derived common factor explained 38.7% of the shared variance across the traits. We identified 2,951 genes and 98 sub-network hub genes associated with the common factor, including pathways associated with developmental biology, signal transduction and RNA degradation. We found suggestive evidence for the protective effects of higher household income level on suicide attempt [OR = 0.55 (0.44-0.70), p = 1.29 × 10-5] and while further investigation is needed, a nominal significant effect of smoking on suicide attempt [OR = 1.24 (1.04-1.44), p = 0.026]. Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence of shared aetiology between suicidal behaviour and psychiatric disorders and indicate potential common molecular mechanisms contributing to the overlapping pathophysiology. These findings provide a better understanding of the complex genetic architecture of suicidal behaviour and have implications for the prevention and treatment of suicidal behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahira Kootbodien
- UCT/MRC Genomic and Precision Medicine Research Unit, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute for Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town and Affiliated Hospitals, Cape Town, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Tahira Kootbodien,
| | - Leslie London
- School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lorna J. Martin
- Division of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Joel Defo
- UCT/MRC Genomic and Precision Medicine Research Unit, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute for Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town and Affiliated Hospitals, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Raj Ramesar
- UCT/MRC Genomic and Precision Medicine Research Unit, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute for Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town and Affiliated Hospitals, Cape Town, South Africa
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Merrill RM. Within- and cross-mental health disorder correlations in husband-and-wife pairs. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:765. [PMID: 36471289 PMCID: PMC9721020 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04335-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health disorders can adversely affect relationships and are heritable. Yet, there is a high prevalence of mental illness in spouses and partners of those with mental illness. This study will assess within- and cross-mental health disorder correlations in husband-and-wife pairs. METHODS A cross-sectional study design was employed using medical claims data from the Deseret Mutual Benefit Administrators (DMBA), linked to demographic information from employee eligibility files, 2020. Analyses involved 21,027 contract holders aged 18-64 (68.6% male, 31.4% female), with sub-analyses on 16,543 married individuals. Summary statistics, as well as rates, and rate ratios adjusted for age, sex, and dependent child status were calculated to describe the data. RESULTS The rate of stress is 19.2%, anxiety is 26.4%, and depression is 23.6% in spouses of contract holders with the same respective disorders. Rates of stress, anxiety, and depression in a spouse are greatest if the contract holder has schizophrenia. Rates of mental illness in wives of male contract holders experiencing mental health disorders tend to be greater than the rates of mental illness in husbands of female contract holders experiencing mental health disorders. Rates of stress, anxiety, and depression in spouses of contract holders tend to be 2-3 times greater when the contract holder has a mental health disorder, after adjusting for the contract holder's age, sex, dependent child status, and difference in age within husband-and-wife pairs. However, differences in the magnitude of observed associations vary. The rate of a spouse having stress is 5.5 times greater if the contract holder has schizophrenia (vs. does not have schizophrenia), whereas the rate of a spouse having stress is 1.4 times greater if the contract holder has sleep apnea (vs. does not have sleep apnea). CONCLUSION Mental health disorders in spouses of contract holders are greater if the contract holder has a mental health disorder, more so when the contract holder has more serious mental illness. Both within- and cross-mental disorder correlations exist. These results have implications on relationship quality and the mental health of offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray M Merrill
- Department of Public Health, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, 2063 Life Sciences Building, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
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Chen C, Lu Y, Lundström S, Larsson H, Lichtenstein P, Pettersson E. Associations between psychiatric polygenic risk scores and general and specific psychopathology symptoms in childhood and adolescence between and within dizygotic twin pairs. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 63:1513-1522. [PMID: 35292971 PMCID: PMC9790278 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although polygenic risk scores (PRS) predict psychiatric problems, these associations might be attributable to indirect pathways including population stratification, assortative mating, or dynastic effects (mediation via parental environments). The goal of this study was to examine whether PRS-psychiatric symptom associations were attributable to indirect versus direct pathways. METHODS The sample consisted of 3,907 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs. In childhood, their parents rated them on 98 symptoms. In adolescence (n = 2,393 DZ pairs), both the parents and the twins rated themselves on 20 symptoms. We extracted one general and seven specific factors from the childhood data, and one general and three specific factors from the adolescent data. We then regressed each general factor model onto ten psychiatric PRS simultaneously. We first conducted the regressions between individuals (β) and then within DZ twin pairs (βw ), which controls for indirect pathways. RESULTS In childhood, the PRS for ADHD predicted general psychopathology (β = 0.09, 95% CI: [0.06, 0.12]; βw = 0.07 [0.01, 0.12]). Furthermore, the PRS for ADHD predicted specific inattention (β = 0.04 [0.00, 0.08]; βw = 0.09 [0.01, 0.17]) and specific hyperactivity (β = 0.07 [0.04, 0.11]; βw = 0.09 [0.01, 0.16]); the PRS for schizophrenia predicted specific learning (β = 0.08 [0.03, 0.13]; βw = 0.19 [0.08, 0.30]) and specific inattention problems (β = 0.05 [0.01, 0.09]; βw = 0.10 [0.02, 0.19]); and the PRS for neuroticism predicted specific anxiety (β = 0.06 [0.02, 0.10]; βw = 0.06 [0.00, 0.12]). Overall, the PRS-general factor associations were similar between individuals and within twin pairs, whereas the PRS-specific factors associations amplified by 84% within pairs. CONCLUSIONS This implies that PRS-psychiatric symptom associations did not appear attributable to indirect pathways such as population stratification, assortative mating, or mediation via parental environments. Rather, genetics appeared to directly influence symptomatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Chen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Sebastian Lundström
- Centre for Ethics, Law and Mental Health (CELAM)University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry CentreUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Henrik Larsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- School of Medical SciencesÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
| | - Paul Lichtenstein
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Erik Pettersson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
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Hsieh MH, Ju PC, Chiou JY, Wang YH, Wang JY, Chang CC. Spousal Concordance and Cross-Disorder Concordance of Mental Disorders: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Psychiatry Investig 2022; 19:788-794. [PMID: 36327958 PMCID: PMC9633167 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2022.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although both partners of a married couple can have mental disorders, the concordant and cross-concordant categories of disorders in couples remain unclear. Using national psychiatric population-based data only from patients with mental disorders, we examined married couples with mental disorders to examine spousal concordance and cross-disorder concordance across the full spectrum of mental disorders. METHODS Data from the 1997 to 2012 Taiwan Psychiatric Inpatient Medical Claims data set were used and a total of 662 married couples were obtained. Concordance of mental disorders was determined if both spouses were diagnosed with mental disorder of an identical category in the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification; otherwise, cross-concordance was reported. RESULTS According to Cohen's kappa coefficient, the most concordant mental disorder in couples was substance use disorder, followed by bipolar disorder. Depressive and anxiety disorders were the most common cross-concordant mental disorders, followed by bipolar disorder. The prevalence of the spousal concordance of mental disorders differed by monthly income and the couple's age disparity. CONCLUSION Evidence of spousal concordance and cross-concordance for mental disorders may highlight the necessity of understanding the social context of marriage in the etiology of mental illness. Identifying the risk factors from a common environment attributable to mental disorders may enhance public health strategies to prevent and improve chronic mental illness of married couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hong Hsieh
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chung Ju
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Yuan Chiou
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsun Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Yi Wang
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chen Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Eilertsen EM, Cheesman R, Ayorech Z, Røysamb E, Pingault J, Njølstad PR, Andreassen OA, Havdahl A, McAdams TA, Torvik FA, Ystrøm E. On the importance of parenting in externalizing disorders: an evaluation of indirect genetic effects in families. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 63:1186-1195. [PMID: 35778910 PMCID: PMC9796091 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Theoretical models of the development of childhood externalizing disorders emphasize the role of parents. Empirical studies have not been able to identify specific aspects of parental behaviors explaining a considerable proportion of the observed individual differences in externalizing problems. The problem is complicated by the contribution of genetic factors to externalizing problems, as parents provide both genes and environments to their children. We studied the joint contributions of direct genetic effects of children and the indirect genetic effects of parents through the environment on externalizing problems. METHODS The study used genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism data from 9,675 parent-offspring trios participating in the Norwegian Mother Father and child cohort study. Based on genomic relatedness matrices, we estimated the contribution of direct genetic effects and indirect maternal and paternal genetic effects on ADHD, conduct and disruptive behaviors at 8 years of age. RESULTS Models including indirect parental genetic effects were preferred for the ADHD symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity, and conduct problems, but not oppositional defiant behaviors. Direct genetic effects accounted for 11% to 24% of the variance, whereas indirect parental genetic effects accounted for 0% to 16% in ADHD symptoms and conduct problems. The correlation between direct and indirect genetic effects, or gene-environment correlations, decreased the variance with 16% and 13% for conduct and inattention problems, and increased the variance with 6% for hyperactivity problems. CONCLUSIONS This study provides empirical support to the notion that parents have a significant role in the development of childhood externalizing behaviors. The parental contribution to decrease in variation of inattention and conduct problems by gene-environment correlations would limit the number of children reaching clinical ranges in symptoms. Not accounting for indirect parental genetic effects can lead to both positive and negative bias when identifying genetic variants for childhood externalizing behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Espen M. Eilertsen
- Department of Psychology, PROMENTA Research CenterUniversity of OsloOsloNorway,Centre for Fertility and HealthNorwegian Institute of Public HealthOsloNorway
| | - Rosa Cheesman
- Department of Psychology, PROMENTA Research CenterUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Ziada Ayorech
- Department of Psychology, PROMENTA Research CenterUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Espen Røysamb
- Department of Psychology, PROMENTA Research CenterUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Jean‐Baptiste Pingault
- Division of Psychology and Language SciencesUniversity College LondonLondonUK,MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry CentreInstitute of Psychiatry, King's CollegeLondonUK
| | - Pål R. Njølstad
- Department of Clinical Science, Center for Diabetes ResearchUniversity of BergenBergenNorway,Children and Youth ClinicHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, NORMENTOslo University HospitalOsloNorway,Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Alexandra Havdahl
- Department of Psychology, PROMENTA Research CenterUniversity of OsloOsloNorway,Department of Mental DisordersNorwegian Institute of Public HealthOsloNorway,Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Tom A. McAdams
- Department of Psychology, PROMENTA Research CenterUniversity of OsloOsloNorway,Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry CentreInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Fartein A. Torvik
- Department of Psychology, PROMENTA Research CenterUniversity of OsloOsloNorway,Centre for Fertility and HealthNorwegian Institute of Public HealthOsloNorway
| | - Eivind Ystrøm
- Department of Psychology, PROMENTA Research CenterUniversity of OsloOsloNorway,Department of Mental DisordersNorwegian Institute of Public HealthOsloNorway,School of PharmacyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
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Cultural evolution may influence heritability by shaping assortative mating. Behav Brain Sci 2022; 45:e181. [PMID: 36098444 DOI: 10.1017/s0140525x21001801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Uchiyama et al. productively discuss how culture can influence genetic heritability and, by modifying environmental conditions, limit the generalizability of genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Here, we supplement their account by highlighting how recent changes in culture and institutions in industrialized, westernized societies - such as increased female workforce participation - may have increased assortative mating. This alters the distribution of genotypes themselves, increasing heritability and phenotypic variance, and may be detectable using the latest methods.
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37
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Wesseldijk LW, Abdellaoui A, Gordon RL, Ullén F, Mosing MA. Using a polygenic score in a family design to understand genetic influences on musicality. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14658. [PMID: 36038631 PMCID: PMC9424203 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18703-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To further our understanding of the genetics of musicality, we explored associations between a polygenic score for self-reported beat synchronization ability (PGSrhythm) and objectively measured rhythm discrimination, as well as other validated music skills and music-related traits. Using family data, we were able to further explore potential pathways of direct genetic, indirect genetic (through passive gene-environment correlation) and confounding effects (such as population structure and assortative mating). In 5648 Swedish twins, we found PGSrhythm to predict not only rhythm discrimination, but also melody and pitch discrimination (betas between 0.11 and 0.16, p < 0.001), as well as other music-related outcomes (p < 0.05). In contrast, PGSrhythm was not associated with control phenotypes not directly related to music. Associations did not deteriorate within families (N = 243), implying that indirect genetic or confounding effects did not inflate PGSrhythm effects. A correlation (r = 0.05, p < 0.001) between musical enrichment of the family childhood environment and individuals' PGSrhythm, suggests gene-environment correlation. We conclude that the PGSrhythm captures individuals' general genetic musical propensity, affecting musical behavior more likely direct than through indirect or confounding effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura W Wesseldijk
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
- Department of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Abdel Abdellaoui
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reyna L Gordon
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Fredrik Ullén
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Miriam A Mosing
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Jefsen OH, Nudel R, Wang Y, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Hemager N, Christiani CAJ, Burton BK, Spang KS, Ellersgaard D, Gantriis DL, Plessen KJ, Jepsen JRM, Thorup AAE, Werge T, Nordentoft M, Mors O, Greve AN. Genetic assortative mating for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2022; 65:e53. [PMID: 35996886 PMCID: PMC9491077 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.2304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric disorders are highly polygenic and show patterns of partner resemblance. Partner resemblance has direct population-level genetic implications if it is caused by assortative mating, but not if it is caused by convergence or social homogamy. Using genetics may help distinguish these different mechanisms. Here, we investigated whether partner resemblance for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder is influenced by assortative mating using polygenic risk scores (PRSs). METHODS PRSs from The Danish High-Risk and Resilience Study-VIA 7 were compared between parents in three subsamples: population-based control parent pairs (N=198), parent pairs where at least one parent had schizophrenia (N=193), and parent pairs where at least one parent had bipolar disorder (N=115). RESULTS The PRS for schizophrenia was predictive of schizophrenia in the full sample and showed a significant correlation between parent pairs (r=0.121, p=0.0440), indicative of assortative mating. The PRS for bipolar disorder was also correlated between parent pairs (r=0.162, p=0.0067), but it was not predictive of bipolar disorder in the full sample, limiting the interpretation. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides genetic evidence for assortative mating for schizophrenia, with important implications for our understanding of the genetics of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Hougaard Jefsen
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ron Nudel
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Centre for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicoline Hemager
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre – Research Unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla A. J. Christiani
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte K. Burton
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre – Research Unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katrine S. Spang
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre – Research Unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ditte Ellersgaard
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ditte L. Gantriis
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus, Denmark
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kerstin Jessica Plessen
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre – Research Unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jens Richardt M. Jepsen
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre – Research Unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Anne A. E. Thorup
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre – Research Unit, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus, Denmark
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Aja Neergaard Greve
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus, Denmark
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
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Rassart CA, Paradis A, Bergeron S, Godbout N. Cumulative childhood interpersonal trauma and parenting stress: The role of self-capacities disturbances among couples welcoming a newborn. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2022; 129:105638. [PMID: 35468316 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The birth of a child is a life-defining event which tends to widen the gap between parents' resources and the demands they face, generating parenting stress. In this regard, individuals who experienced childhood trauma, particularly cumulative childhood interpersonal trauma (CCIT), appear more vulnerable, with higher rates of parenting stress. However, dyadic studies are lacking and the mechanisms explaining the association between CCIT and parenting stress remain unknown, limiting the promotion of resilience in parental couples. OBJECTIVE Based on the Self-Trauma Model and the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model, this study examined the role of self-capacities disturbances (i.e., affect dysregulation, identity impairment and interpersonal conflicts) in the association uniting CCIT and parenting stress. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTINGS A randomly selected sample of 421 parental couples of an infant. METHODS Participants completed self-reported measures online. RESULTS Path analyses revealed that CCIT was associated to greater parenting stress through affect dysregulation and identity impairment, in both mothers and fathers (R2 = 22.4%; 20.7%). APIM modeling revealed a dyadic association between mothers' proneness to interpersonal conflicts and fathers' parenting stress, in addition to indirect effects involving all three self-capacities in the associations between one parent's CCIT and their partner's parenting stress. CONCLUSIONS CCIT-exposed individuals may experience parenting stress through difficulties with self-capacities at the individual and dyadic level, highlighting these capacities as promising intervention targets during the postpartum period, and emphasizing the need to involve both parents since intricate dyadic patterns may be at play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Andrée Rassart
- Department of psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, 100 Sherbrooke Ouest street, Montréal, Québec H2X 3P2, Canada.
| | - Alison Paradis
- Department of psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, 100 Sherbrooke Ouest street, Montréal, Québec H2X 3P2, Canada.
| | - Sophie Bergeron
- Departement of Psychology, Université de Montréal, 90 Vincent-d'Indy avenue, Montréal, Québec H2V 2S9, Canada.
| | - Natacha Godbout
- Departement of Sexology, Université du Québec à Montréal, 1205 St-Denis street, Montréal, Québec H2L 4Y2, Canada.
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Evidence of partner similarity for autistic traits, systemizing, and theory of mind via facial expressions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8451. [PMID: 35589769 PMCID: PMC9118825 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11592-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been hypothesised that romantic partners are more similar than chance in relation to autistic traits. To test this theory, we recruited n = 105 heterosexual couples and examined within-couple correlations for autistic traits [measured using the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ)], empathizing [measured using the Empathy Quotient (EQ)], and systemizing [measured using the Systemizing Quotient-Revised (SQ-R)]. For a subsample that attended the lab (n = 58 couples), we also investigated theory of mind via facial expressions using the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) and attention to detail, a component within systemizing, using the Embedded Figures Task (EFT). Variable-centred analyses revealed positive within-couple correlations for all measures except EQ, although these effects were only statistically significant for unmarried couples and not for married/engaged couples. Follow-up analyses indicated that the observed couple similarity effects are likely consistent with people pairing with those more similar than chance (initial assortment) rather than becoming alike over time (convergence), and to seeking out self-resembling partners (active assortment) rather than pairing in this manner via social stratification processes (social homogamy). Additionally, a significant within-couple correlation for autistic traits was observed at the meta-analytic level. However, it should be noted that the meta-analytic effect size estimate was small (r = 0.153) and indicates that only ~ 2% of variance in a person’s score on a phenotypic measure of autistic traits can be predicted by that of their partner.
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Variation in depressive symptom trajectories in a large sample of couples. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:206. [PMID: 35581177 PMCID: PMC9113986 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01950-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of depression is influenced by social relationships, however, most studies focus on individuals, not couples. We aimed to study how depressive symptoms of couples evolve over time and determine, which characteristics are associated with their distinct trajectories. A multi-centric cohort sample of 11,136 heterosexual couples (mean age = 60.76) from 16 European countries was followed for up to 12 years (SHARE study). Information on depressive symptoms measured by EURO-D scale was collected every 2 years. Dyadic growth mixture modeling extracted four distinct classes of couples: both non-depressed (76.91%); only women having consistently high depressive symptoms while men having consistently low depressive symptoms (8.08%); both having increasing depressive symptoms (7.83%); and both having decreasing depressive symptoms (7.18%). Couples with increasing depressive symptoms had the highest prevalence of relationship dissolution and bereavement. In comparison to the nondepressed class, individuals with any depressive symptoms were less psychologically and physically well. Our results suggest that distinct mechanisms are responsible for couples' various longitudinal trajectories of depressive symptoms.
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Su MH, Shih YH, Lin YF, Chen PC, Chen CY, Hsiao PC, Pan YJ, Liu YL, Tsai SJ, Kuo PH, Wu CS, Huang YT, Wang SH. Familial aggregation and shared genetic loading for major psychiatric disorders and type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2022; 65:800-810. [PMID: 35195735 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05665-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BPD), are highly comorbid with type 2 diabetes. However, the mechanisms underlying such comorbidity are understudied. This study explored the familial aggregation of common psychiatric disorders and type 2 diabetes by testing family history association, and investigated the shared genetic loading between them by testing the polygenic risk score (PRS) association. METHODS A total of 105,184 participants were recruited from the Taiwan Biobank, and genome-wide genotyping data were available for 95,238 participants. The Psychiatric Genomics Consortium-derived PRS for SCZ, MDD and BPD was calculated. Logistic regression was used to estimate the OR with CIs between a family history of SCZ/MDD/BPD and a family history of type 2 diabetes, and between the PRS and the risk of type 2 diabetes. RESULTS A family history of type 2 diabetes was associated with a family history of SCZ (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.08, 1.40), MDD (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.13, 1.26) and BPD (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.15, 1.39). Compared with paternal type 2 diabetes, maternal type 2 diabetes was associated with a higher risk of a family history of SCZ. SCZ PRS was negatively associated with type 2 diabetes in women (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.88, 0.97), but not in men; the effect of SCZ PRS reduced after adjusting for BMI. MDD PRS was positively associated with type 2 diabetes (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.00, 1.07); the effect of MDD PRS reduced after adjusting for BMI or smoking. BPD PRS was not associated with type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The comorbidity of type 2 diabetes with psychiatric disorders may be explained by shared familial factors. The shared polygenic loading between MDD and type 2 diabetes implies not only pleiotropy but also a shared genetic aetiology for the mechanism behind the comorbidity. The negative correlation between polygenic loading for SCZ and type 2 diabetes implies the role of environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Hsin Su
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsiu Shih
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Feng Lin
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Chen
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Chen
- Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Po-Chang Hsiao
- College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jiun Pan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Li Liu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Shin Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Tsung Huang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Heng Wang
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Orri M, Russell AE, Mars B, Turecki G, Gunnell D, Heron J, Tremblay RE, Boivin M, Nuyt AM, Côté SM, Geoffroy MC. Perinatal adversity profiles and suicide attempt in adolescence and young adulthood: longitudinal analyses from two 20-year birth cohort studies. Psychol Med 2022; 52:1255-1267. [PMID: 33019954 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720002974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to identify groups of children presenting distinct perinatal adversity profiles and test the association between profiles and later risk of suicide attempt. METHODS Data were from the Québec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (QLSCD, N = 1623), and the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC, N = 5734). Exposures to 32 perinatal adversities (e.g. fetal, obstetric, psychosocial, and parental psychopathology) were modeled using latent class analysis, and associations with a self-reported suicide attempt by age 20 were investigated with logistic regression. We investigated to what extent childhood emotional and behavioral problems, victimization, and cognition explained the associations. RESULTS In both cohorts, we identified five profiles: No perinatal risk, Poor fetal growth, Socioeconomic adversity, Delivery complications, Parental mental health problems (ALSPAC only). Compared to children with No perinatal risk, children in the Poor fetal growth (pooled estimate QLSCD-ALSPAC, OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.04-3.44), Socioeconomic adversity (pooled-OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.08-1.85), and Parental mental health problems (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.27-2.40), but not Delivery complications, profiles were more likely to attempt suicide. The proportion of this effect mediated by the putative mediators was larger for the Socioeconomic adversity profile compared to the others. CONCLUSIONS Perinatal adversities associated with suicide attempt cluster in distinct profiles. Suicide prevention may begin early in life and requires a multidisciplinary approach targeting a constellation of factors from different domains (psychiatric, obstetric, socioeconomic), rather than a single factor, to effectively reduce suicide vulnerability. The way these factors cluster together also determined the pathways leading to a suicide attempt, which can guide decision-making on personalized suicide prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Orri
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, Inserm U1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Abigail E Russell
- Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK (Mars, Gunnell)
| | - Becky Mars
- Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK (Mars, Gunnell)
| | - Gustavo Turecki
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David Gunnell
- Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK (Mars, Gunnell)
| | - Jon Heron
- Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Tremblay)
- Departments of Pediatrics and Psychology, University of Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada (Tremblay)
| | - Michel Boivin
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada (Boivin)
| | - Anne-Monique Nuyt
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada (Nuyt)
| | - Sylvana M Côté
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada (Côté)
| | - Marie-Claude Geoffroy
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada (Geoffroy)
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Almasy L. Family studies in the age of big data. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2200472119. [PMID: 35344402 PMCID: PMC9169710 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2200472119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Almasy
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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Ellul P, Acquaviva E, Peyre H, Rosenzwajg M, Gressens P, Klatzmann D, Delorme R. Parental autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorders as multiple risk factors for common neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:112. [PMID: 35304436 PMCID: PMC8933391 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01843-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have raised concerns about the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) in children of patients with autoimmune or inflammatory disorders (AID). The pathophysiological pathways underlying this association are still unknown and little is known about the specific and distinct risk of each AID. To explore these questions, we investigated the association between the occurrences of several NDD in the offspring of mothers or fathers with different IDA. We conducted a meta-analysis-PROSPERO (CRD42020159250)-examining the risk of NDD in the offspring of mothers or fathers with AID. We performed specific analyses separately in fathers or mothers of NDD patients as well as subgroup analyses for each NDD and AID. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science Core Collection published until December 2021. From an initial pool of 2074 potentially relevant references, 14 studies were included, involving more than 1,400,000 AID and 10,000,000 control parents, 180,000 children with NDD and more than 14,000,000 control children. We found AID in mothers (Adjusted OR 1.27 [95% CI 1.03; 1.57] p = 0.02, [I2 = 65%, Tau2 = 0.03 p = 0.01] and adjusted OR 1.31 [95% CI 1.11; 1.55] p = 0.001, [I2 = 93%, Tau2 = 0.13 p = 0.001] and, although in a lesser extent, in fathers (adjusted OR 1.18 [95% CI 1.07; 1.30] p = 0.01, [I2 = 15.5%, Tau2 = 0.002 p = 0.47]) and adjusted OR 1.14 [95% CI 1.10; 1.17] p < 0.0001, [I2 = 0%, Tau2 = 0 p = 0.29]) to be associated with ASD and ADHD in the offspring. This difference in the strength of the association was found in the AID-specific analyses, suggesting that AID increase the risk of NDD by a shared mechanism but that a specific maternal route appears to represent an additional excess risk. Inflammatory bowel disease were not associated with an additional risk (neither in fathers nor in mothers) of NDD in offspring. Our results suggest that complex and multiple AID-specific pathophysiological mechanisms may underlie the association of AID and NDD in offspring. Further, comprehensive studies of the different AID and NDD are needed to draw definitive conclusions about the pathophysiological links between parental AID and NDD in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Ellul
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France.
- Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), UMRS 959, INSERM, Paris, France.
| | - Eric Acquaviva
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Hugo Peyre
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
- NeuroDiderot, Paris University, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Michelle Rosenzwajg
- University hospital department Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy (i2B), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | | | - David Klatzmann
- Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), UMRS 959, INSERM, Paris, France
- University hospital department Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy (i2B), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Richard Delorme
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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Modeling assortative mating and genetic similarities between partners, siblings, and in-laws. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1108. [PMID: 35233010 PMCID: PMC8888605 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28774-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Assortative mating on heritable traits can have implications for the genetic resemblance between siblings and in-laws in succeeding generations. We studied polygenic scores and phenotypic data from pairs of partners (n = 26,681), siblings (n = 2,170), siblings-in-law (n = 3,905), and co-siblings-in-law (n = 1,763) in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study. Using structural equation models, we estimated associations between measurement error-free latent genetic and phenotypic variables. We found evidence of genetic similarity between partners for educational attainment (rg = 0.37), height (rg = 0.13), and depression (rg = 0.08). Common genetic variants associated with educational attainment correlated between siblings above 0.50 (rg = 0.68) and between siblings-in-law (rg = 0.25) and co-siblings-in-law (rg = 0.09). Indirect assortment on secondary traits accounted for partner similarity in education and depression, but not in height. Comparisons between the genetic similarities of partners and siblings indicated that genetic variances were in intergenerational equilibrium. This study shows genetic similarities between extended family members and that assortative mating has taken place for several generations.
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Sanderson E, Glymour MM, Holmes MV, Kang H, Morrison J, Munafò MR, Palmer T, Schooling CM, Wallace C, Zhao Q, Smith GD. Mendelian randomization. NATURE REVIEWS. METHODS PRIMERS 2022; 2:6. [PMID: 37325194 PMCID: PMC7614635 DOI: 10.1038/s43586-021-00092-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 490] [Impact Index Per Article: 245.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mendelian randomization (MR) is a term that applies to the use of genetic variation to address causal questions about how modifiable exposures influence different outcomes. The principles of MR are based on Mendel's laws of inheritance and instrumental variable estimation methods, which enable the inference of causal effects in the presence of unobserved confounding. In this Primer, we outline the principles of MR, the instrumental variable conditions underlying MR estimation and some of the methods used for estimation. We go on to discuss how the assumptions underlying an MR study can be assessed and give methods of estimation that are robust to certain violations of these assumptions. We give examples of a range of studies in which MR has been applied, the limitations of current methods of analysis and the outlook for MR in the future. The difference between the assumptions required for MR analysis and other forms of non-interventional epidemiological studies means that MR can be used as part of a triangulation across multiple sources of evidence for causal inference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Sanderson
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - M. Maria Glymour
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael V. Holmes
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hyunseung Kang
- Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jean Morrison
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Marcus R. Munafò
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tom Palmer
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - C. Mary Schooling
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- School of Public Health, City University of New York, New York, USA
| | - Chris Wallace
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Qingyuan Zhao
- Statistical Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - George Davey Smith
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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A comprehensive map of genetic relationships among diagnostic categories based on 48.6 million relative pairs from the Danish genealogy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2118688119. [PMID: 35131856 PMCID: PMC8833149 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2118688119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to extract multigenerational family relationships from large-scale population cohorts provides a powerful means to understand the heritability of a wide range of diseases and their genetic relationships to each other. By showing how the heritability of broad diagnostic categories changes over time and how said categories are related on the genetic level, our analysis of the Danish genealogy and linked national patient registers illustrates the vast potential of this resource in current biomedical research. For more than half a century, Denmark has maintained population-wide demographic, health care, and socioeconomic registers that provide detailed information on the interaction between all residents and the extensive national social services system. We leverage this resource to reconstruct the genealogy of the entire nation based on all individuals legally residing in Denmark since 1968. We cross-reference 6,691,426 individuals with nationwide health care registers to estimate heritability and genetic correlations of 10 broad diagnostic categories involving all major organs and systems. Heritability estimates for mental disorders were consistently the highest across demographic cohorts (average h2 = 0.406, 95% CI = [0.403, 0.408]), whereas estimates for cancers were the lowest (average h2 = 0.130, 95% CI = [0.125, 0.134]). The average genetic correlation of each of the 10 diagnostic categories with the other nine was highest for gastrointestinal conditions (average rg = 0.567, 95% CI = [0.566, 0.567]) and lowest for urogenital conditions (average rg = 0.386, 95% CI = [0.385, 0.388]). Mental, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and neurological conditions had similar genetic correlation profiles.
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Border R, O'Rourke S, de Candia T, Goddard ME, Visscher PM, Yengo L, Jones M, Keller MC. Assortative mating biases marker-based heritability estimators. Nat Commun 2022; 13:660. [PMID: 35115518 PMCID: PMC8814020 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28294-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Many traits are subject to assortative mating, with recent molecular genetic findings confirming longstanding theoretical predictions that assortative mating induces long range dependence across causal variants. However, all marker-based heritability estimators implicitly assume mating is random. We provide mathematical and simulation-based evidence demonstrating that both method-of-moments and likelihood-based estimators are biased in the presence of assortative mating and derive corrected heritability estimators for traits subject to assortment. Finally, we demonstrate that the empirical patterns of estimates across methods and sample sizes for real traits subject to assortative mating are congruent with expected assortative mating-induced biases. For example, marker-based heritability estimates for height are 14% - 23% higher than corrected estimates using UK Biobank data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Border
- Departments of Neurology and Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA. .,Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Sean O'Rourke
- Department of Mathematics, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Teresa de Candia
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael E Goddard
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Science, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, Biosciences Research Division, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter M Visscher
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Loic Yengo
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Matt Jones
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Matthew C Keller
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA. .,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado, USA.
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Tremblay RE. COVID-19 preventive interventions for high-risk pregnant women and preschool children: a rehearsal for the baby boomers’ old-age pandemic? CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 113:61-66. [PMID: 35089592 PMCID: PMC8796605 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-021-00574-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A large research-based consensus was achieved over the past 30 years concerning the importance of prenatal and early childhood development: Preventive interventions are needed early in life because physical and psychological problems during pregnancy and early childhood often lead to serious physical, psychological, educational, and social problems throughout the life course. These problems are also transmitted to the next generation. The COVID-19 pandemic is likely to have increased the number of families who need these early-life preventive interventions. Without intensive support, children from high-risk families are likely to fail in school, to have serious physical and mental health problems, and to reproduce another generation of children with similar physical, cognitive, and mental health problems. We underline the need to: (1) assess the extent of the COVID-19 damage on pregnant women and on their spouses, as well as on the families with preschool children; (2) help service providers identify the state-of-the art services they should implement; (3) assess the implementation of these services; and (4) help service providers maintain highly effective interventions. For the next 20 to 30 years at least, governments will be under intense pressure to invest massively in the health and care of the baby boomers. We are thus facing abysmal health care and retirement costs for the next 3 decades. Governments should be pressured to substantially invest in the support of pregnant women and preschool children, rather than in the sustained quality of life of the aging baby boomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard E Tremblay
- Departments of Pediatrics and Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- School of Public Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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