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Conboy L, Mingoia J, Hutchinson AD, Reisinger BAA, Gleaves DH. Digital body image interventions for adult women: A meta-analytic review. Body Image 2024; 51:101776. [PMID: 39094422 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Although many women experience body dissatisfaction, treatment options that prevent the onset of more serious conditions are limited in accessibility. As such, digital interventions may be an appropriate alternative resource to address restricted treatment options. This study provides statistical syntheses of the evidence for digital body image interventions for non-clinical adult women. A systematic literature search identified 19 studies (N = 2424) that tested the effect of a digital body image intervention compared to a control condition. Study results were synthesised using random effects models, and small to medium statistically significant effect sizes indicated that digital interventions were beneficial in increasing overall global satisfaction (g = 0.43) and reducing cognitive body dissatisfaction (g = 0.36). These meta-analytic findings provide evidence for the efficacy of digital body image interventions for non-clinical adult women. Intervention type was not found to be a statistically significant moderator, which may suggest that a range of intervention types can produce similar reductions in body dissatisfaction. Overall, digital body image interventions may be a feasible option to alleviate body dissatisfaction, particularly for women who may be unable to access conventional treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Conboy
- The University of South Australia: Justice and Society, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia.
| | - John Mingoia
- The University of South Australia: Justice and Society, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Amanda D Hutchinson
- The University of South Australia: Justice and Society, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Bennett A A Reisinger
- The University of South Australia: Justice and Society, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - David H Gleaves
- The University of South Australia: Justice and Society, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
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Xiao Z, Cao J, Wu S, Zhou T, Li C, Duan J, Yang Z, Xu F. Spectrum of psychiatric adverse reactions to cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 inhibitors: A pharmacovigilance analysis of the FDA adverse event reporting system. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14862. [PMID: 39009505 PMCID: PMC11250168 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) represented a major breakthrough in the treatment of breast cancer over the past decade. In both clinical trials and real-world settings, it was observed that patients using CDK4/6i might experience psychiatric adverse events (PAEs). Herein, we conducted a pharmacovigilance study to comprehensively assess the correlation between CDK4/6i and PAEs. METHOD We obtained individual case safety reports submitted to the FDA Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS) during the period from January 2015 to December 2023. In disproportionality analysis, the reporting odds ratio (ROR) and information component (IC) values were calculated for each adverse event-drug combination. Univariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to explore factors associated with PAEs following CDK4/6i treatment. RESULTS A total of 95,591 reports related to CDK4/6i were identified, with 6.72% reporting PAEs, and this proportion exhibited an annual upward trend. Based on the ROR and IC values, 17 categories of PAEs were defined as CDK4/6i-related PAEs. Among these PAEs, insomnia, stress, eating disorder, depressed mood, and sleep disorder were very common, each accounting for over 10% of CDK4/6i reports. Ribociclib showed the highest risk signal of CDK4/6i-related PAEs (ROR = 1.89[1.75-2.04], IC025 = 0.79), followed by palbociclib (ROR = 1.47[1.41-1.53], IC025 = 0.49), while abemaciclib did not exhibit a significant signal (ROR = 0.52[0.44-0.62], IC025 = -1.13). Female sex, younger age and weight exceeding 80 kg were significant risk factors for the incidence of CDK4/6i-related PAEs. CONCLUSIONS Using data from a real-world, large-scale spontaneous reporting system for adverse drug reactions, our study delineated the spectrum of PAEs to CDK4/6i. This potentially offered valuable insights for healthcare professionals to manage the risk of PAEs in patients receiving CDK4/6i treatment, particularly those with psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Xiao
- Department of PharmacyShanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South CampusShanghaiChina
| | - Jinming Cao
- Department of PharmacyShanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South CampusShanghaiChina
| | - Shenghong Wu
- Department of OncologyShanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South CampusShanghaiChina
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of PharmacyShanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South CampusShanghaiChina
| | - Canye Li
- Department of PharmacyShanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South CampusShanghaiChina
| | - Jingjing Duan
- Department of PharmacyShanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South CampusShanghaiChina
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Central LaboratoryShanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South CampusShanghaiChina
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of PharmacyShanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South CampusShanghaiChina
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Chen Y, Christensen Pacella KA, Forbush KT, Thomeczek ML, Negi S, Doan AE, Wendler AM, Morgan RW, Rasheed SI, Johnson-Munguia S, Sharma AR. Examining associations between disordered eating and harmful substance use in a nationally representative sample of US veterans. Int J Eat Disord 2024; 57:1542-1554. [PMID: 38469980 DOI: 10.1002/eat.24194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The association between eating disorders (EDs) and harmful substance use (substance use that causes psychosocial impairment) is well recognized in the literature, and military veterans may be at heightened risk for both issues due to deployment-related stressors. However, little is known about which ED-related symptoms are associated with harmful substance use in veterans, and whether gender plays a differential role in this relationship. Our aims were to: (1) examine gender differences in ED-related symptoms; and (2) examine whether ED-related symptoms differentially predict harmful substance use in US veteran men and women who had recently separated from service. METHOD This study was based on a nationally representative four-wave longitudinal sample of post-9/11 veterans (N = 835; 61.2% female). Longitudinal mixed modeling was used to test whether specific ED-related behaviors at baseline predicted harmful substance use at follow-ups. RESULTS We replicated gendered patterns of ED-related symptoms observed in civilian populations, wherein men had higher weight-and-body-related concerns (including excessive exercise and muscle building) and negative attitude toward obesity, and women had higher bulimic and restricting symptoms. For women, alcohol, drug, and marijuana problems were predicted by higher bulimic symptoms, whereas for men, these problems were predicted by higher restricting symptoms. CONCLUSION Gender played a differential role in the relationship between EDs and harmful substance use. Bulimic symptoms were the most robust predictor for harmful substance use among veteran women, whereas restricting was the most robust predictor for harmful substance use among veteran men. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE The current study found that veteran women had higher bulimic symptoms (characterized by binge eating and purging) and restricting than veteran men. In women, bulimic symptoms predicted future harmful use of alcohol, marijuana, and other drugs. In contrast, veteran men had higher weight-and-body-related concerns (characterized by excessive exercise and muscle building) than veteran women. In men, restricting symptoms predicted future harmful use of alcohol, marijuana, and other drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Chen
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | | | - Kelsie T Forbush
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | | | - Sonakshi Negi
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Alesha E Doan
- Department of Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
- School of Public Affairs and Administration, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | | | - R William Morgan
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Samiya I Rasheed
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | | | - Anjali R Sharma
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
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Adams KL, Mandy W, Catmur C, Bird G. Potential mechanisms underlying the association between feeding and eating disorders and autism. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 162:105717. [PMID: 38754718 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
There is a reliable association between autism and Feeding and Eating Disorders. Concerningly, where these two conditions co-occur, clinical outcomes of Feeding and Eating Disorders are significantly worse, and treatment less effective, than when the Feeding and Eating Disorders occur in neurotypical individuals. Problematically, the reason for the association between autism and Feeding and Eating Disorders is poorly understood, which constrains advances in clinical care. This paper outlines several possible mechanisms that may underlie the observed association and suggests ways in which they may be empirically tested. Mechanisms are split into those producing an artefactual association, and those reflecting a genuine link between conditions. Artefactual associations may be due to conceptual overlap in both diagnostic criteria and measurement, Feeding and Eating Disorders causing transient autistic traits, or the association being non-specific in nature. A genuine association between autism and Feeding and Eating Disorders may be due to common causal factors, autism directly or indirectly causing Feeding and Eating Disorders, and Feeding and Eating Disorders being a female manifestation of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiera Louise Adams
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - William Mandy
- Division of Psychology and Language, University College London, London, UK
| | - Caroline Catmur
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Geoffrey Bird
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Singh S, Avila JT, Gorrell S. Charting a Path Toward Improving Detection and Clinical Outcomes for Eating Disorders in Cismales and Gender-Diverse Patients. FOCUS (AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING) 2024; 22:312-321. [PMID: 38988456 PMCID: PMC11231465 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.20230039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Historically, eating disorders (EDs) have been conceptualized from a female-centric lens. However, consistent research demonstrates that EDs afflict individuals across the gender spectrum, including cismales and gender-diverse individuals. Despite this evidence, a consensus regarding gender-sensitive assessment practices, theoretical formulations, and treatment considerations has yet to be established. The present review briefly summarizes research to date on the presentation of EDs in cismales and gender-diverse individuals, suggests appropriate assessment and treatment practices, and offers recommendations for gender-inclusive ED treatment. To effectively serve patients with EDs across the gender spectrum, more research is needed to validate gender-sensitive assessment tools, comprehensively study ED pathology within gender-representative samples, and conduct randomized controlled trials that serve cismales and gender-diverse patients. In doing so, clinicians and researchers may better detect EDs across the gender spectrum and implement gender-appropriate, evidence-based interventions, thereby reducing impairment and mortality related to EDs for all patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simar Singh
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (Singh, Gorrell); Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Avila)
| | - Jonathan T Avila
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (Singh, Gorrell); Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Avila)
| | - Sasha Gorrell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (Singh, Gorrell); Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (Avila)
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6
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Peschel SKV, Sigrist C, Voss C, Fürtjes S, Berwanger J, Ollmann TM, Kische H, Rückert F, Koenig J, Beesdo-Baum K. Subclinical patterns of disordered eating behaviors in the daily life of adolescents and young adults from the general population. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:69. [PMID: 38845025 PMCID: PMC11157754 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-024-00752-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disordered eating behaviors (DEBs), a risk factor for the development of eating disorders (EDs), are prevalent in young people and different DEBs frequently co-occur. Previous studies on DEB-patterns have largely used traditional retrospective questionnaires to assess DEBs. In addition, most previous studies did not specifically exclude individuals with clinical EDs, which limits current knowledge concerning purely subclinical patterns of DEBs. In the present study, we aimed to explore phenotypes and group sizes of subclinical patterns of DEBs reported in everyday life via smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in adolescents and young adults from the general population without lifetime EDs. In secondary analyses, we further aimed to investigate whether DEB-patterns would be associated with additional previously identified risk factors for ED-development. METHODS EMA was conducted in a community sample of 14-21-year-olds from Dresden, Germany, over four days for up to eight times a day and covered engagement in four DEBs: skipping eating, restrained eating, eating large amounts of food, and loss-of-control eating. Data were analyzed from N = 966 individuals without lifetime EDs with an EMA compliance rate of at least 50% (81.9% of the total sample; average compliance: 84.6%). Latent profile analyses were performed to identify subclinical patterns of DEBs, stratified by sex. Associations between symptomatic profiles and ED-risk factors were tested via regression analyses. RESULTS Based on theoretical deliberations, statistical indices, interpretability, and parsimony, a three-profile solution, namely no DEBs, high-mixed DEBs, and low-mixed DEBs, was selected for both sexes. Both symptomatic profiles in both sexes were associated with more unfavorable manifestations in additional ED risk factors compared to the no DEBs profile, with the highest number of associations being observed in the female high-mixed profile. CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest that problematic manifestations of DEBs in young people may occur even in the absence of an ED diagnosis and that they are associated with additional risk factors for EDs, warranting increased efforts in targeted prevention, early identification and intervention in order to counteract symptom progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie K V Peschel
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
| | | | - Catharina Voss
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sophia Fürtjes
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Johanna Berwanger
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Theresa M Ollmann
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hanna Kische
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Rückert
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Julian Koenig
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Katja Beesdo-Baum
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
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7
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He J, Cui S, Cui T, Barnhart WR, Han J, Xu Y, Nagata JM. Exploring the associations between muscularity teasing and eating and body image disturbances in Chinese men and women. Body Image 2024; 49:101697. [PMID: 38460293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
This study described muscularity teasing in both men and women and explored its associations with eating and body image disturbances in adults from China. A total of 900 Chinese adults (50% women) were recruited online. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between muscularity teasing and a battery of measures on eating and body image disturbances. Gender differences in the associations were examined. Men reported more muscularity teasing than women (31.6% men vs. 15.6% women; χ2(1,N = 900) = 31.99, p < .001). Muscularity teasing was significantly and positively correlated with all measures in both men and women. Muscularity teasing explained significant, unique variance in all measures for men and women, except for body fat dissatisfaction in women, beyond covariates (i.e., age, body mass index, and weight teasing). The relationships between muscularity teasing and eating and body image disturbances were generally stronger in men than women. Findings further suggest that muscularity teasing is an important factor related to eating and body image disturbances in men and women, but muscularity teasing might be more detrimental to men's eating behaviors and body image. Future research is needed to further explore the directionality and mechanisms of the links between muscularity teasing and eating and body image disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo He
- School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shuqi Cui
- School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianxiang Cui
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Wesley R Barnhart
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, USA
| | - Jiayi Han
- School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yinuo Xu
- School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jason M Nagata
- Division of Adolescent & Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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8
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Pandey S, Kavishwar A, Pandey M. Prevalence of Childhood Obesity in Indian Expatriate Children in Dubai: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e63202. [PMID: 39070480 PMCID: PMC11277180 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood obesity is one of the most prevalent nutritional disorders affecting children across the world, which further leads to diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and fatty liver disease in adulthood. The magnitude of this problem among Indian expatriates in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has not been investigated before. This study delves into the prevalence of childhood obesity among this demographic and also provides a comparative analysis of the prevalence of obesity in UAE citizens and children in India. Methodology This is a cross-sectional study that investigates the prevalence of obesity in 3,698 students of a single Indian school in the UAE. Anonymous anthropometric data of these children of age range four to 18 years were analyzed. The International Obesity Task Force (IOTF), World Health Organization (WHO), and Centers for Disease Control (CDC) reference methods were used to calculate the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and extreme obesity. Results According to CDC guidelines, the prevalence of body mass index (BMI) ≥ 85th percentile, ≥ 95th percentile, and ≥ 99th percentile stands at 32.74%, 13.68%, and 5.1%, respectively. Children particularly boys aged more than 10 years are at a higher risk of being overweight, obese, and extremely obese (p = < 0.05). In children aged 10 years or less, as the age increases, they tend to have a higher BMI percentile and this is particularly prominent in boys (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.227). Conversely, in those over the age of 10 years, the BMI percentile decreases with age, particularly noticeable in girls, albeit without statistical significance. Conclusion Approximately one-third of school-aged Indian expatriates in the UAE are overweight, obese, or extremely obese. Our study, when contrasted with earlier studies, reveals that Emirati teenagers exhibit a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity compared to their Indian counterparts in the UAE. Similarly, the prevalence of childhood obesity among Indian expatriates in the UAE surpasses that among children residing in India.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arvind Kavishwar
- Non Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research National Institute for Research in Tribal Health (ICMR-NIRTH), Jabalpur, IND
| | - Maneesha Pandey
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Aster Jubilee Medical Center, Dubai, ARE
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9
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He J, Wang Z, Fu Y, Wang Y, Yi S, Ji F, Nagata JM. Associations between screen use while eating and eating disorder symptomatology: Exploring the roles of mindfulness and intuitive eating. Appetite 2024; 197:107320. [PMID: 38537390 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Screen use while eating has been recently identified as a highly common and potentially important specific setting of screen use in relation to eating disorder symptomatology. However, given this area of research is still in its infancy, how screen use while eating may be related to eating disorder symptomatology remains largely unexplored. To fill this gap, the present study probed the potential roles of mindfulness and intuitive eating in the association between screen use while eating and eating disorder symptomatology. A large sample of Chinese adults (N = 800, aged 18-67 years old) recruited through a Chinese survey platform, Credamo, completed questionnaires assessing screen use while eating, eating disorder symptomatology, mindfulness, and intuitive eating. Structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed model. Results confirmed our hypotheses that the association between screen use while eating and eating disorder symptomatology was partially explained by mindfulness and intuitive eating, after adjusting for covariates (e.g., gender, age, body mass index, total screen time, and social media use). That said, higher screen use while eating was associated first with lower mindfulness and then with lower intuitive eating, which in turn were related to higher eating disorder symptomatology. The findings underline the importance of including eating-specific screen use for future research on eating disorder symptomatology and also have implications for an integrative intervention of mindfulness-based approaches and intuitive eating for mitigating the adverse effects of excessive screen use on eating behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo He
- Division of Applied Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ziyue Wang
- Division of Applied Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuru Fu
- Division of Applied Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yitong Wang
- Faculty of Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shouhe Yi
- Division of Applied Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Ji
- Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jason M Nagata
- Division of Adolescent & Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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10
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Holmes SC, Norton MK, Fogwell NT, Temes EE, Carr MM, Johnson DM. The impact of intuitive eating on the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and disordered eating among women who have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV). Eat Disord 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38796861 DOI: 10.1080/10640266.2024.2353475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Trauma exposure is associated with disordered eating, with recent evidence suggesting PTSD symptoms may be a more proximal predictor. Intuitive eating is a well-established protective factor against disordered eating; however, no previous studies have assessed whether intuitive eating buffers the association between PTSD symptoms and disordered eating. METHODS Two hundred sixteen women who had experienced intimate partner violence (IPV) and were residing at a domestic violence shelter completed a survey. The current study assessed the moderating role of intuitive eating in the associations between PTSD symptoms and two types of disordered eating behaviors: binge eating and compensatory behaviors. RESULTS Intuitive eating did not moderate the association between PTSD symptoms and a dichotomous measure of binge eating (no binge eating vs. any binge eating). However, intuitive eating did moderate the association between PTSD symptoms and binge frequency, among participants endorsing any degree of binge eating, such that PTSD symptoms were significantly associated with binge frequency at low, but not moderate or high, levels of intuitive eating. Intuitive eating did not moderate the association between PTSD symptoms and compensatory behaviors. DISCUSSION Results suggest intuitive eating may be protective against binge eating frequency among women who have experienced IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha C Holmes
- Department of Psychology, College of Staten Island, City University of New York, NY, Staten Island
| | - Marisa K Norton
- Department of Psychology, University of Akron Buchtel College of Arts and Sciences, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Nicole T Fogwell
- Department of Psychology, University of Akron Buchtel College of Arts and Sciences, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Erica E Temes
- Department of Psychology, University of Akron Buchtel College of Arts and Sciences, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Meagan M Carr
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dawn M Johnson
- Department of Psychology, University of Akron Buchtel College of Arts and Sciences, Akron, OH, USA
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Mao T, Rao H. Mild sleep loss impacts food cue processing in adolescent brain. Sleep 2024; 47:zsad074. [PMID: 38213061 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tianxin Mao
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence for Information Behavior, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hengyi Rao
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence for Information Behavior, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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12
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Pasquale EK, Strong DR, Manzano MA, Eichen DM, Peterson CB, Boutelle KN. Exploring relationships among appetitive traits, negative affect, and binge eating in adults with overweight or obesity. Eat Behav 2024; 53:101871. [PMID: 38518632 PMCID: PMC11144099 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Binge eating (BE) is a significant public health concern due to its prevalence and impact on mental and physical health. While research has suggested both negative affect and appetitive traits are associated with BE, few studies have investigated these constructs concurrently. Structural equation modeling (SEM) evaluated relationships between negative affect, reward-related appetitive traits, and BE among 293 adults with overweight or obesity (OW/OB) seeking treatment for BE, overeating, and weight management (m age = 46.6; m body mass index[BMI] = 34.5; 81.2 % female; 20.1 % Latinx, 60.8 % White non-Latinx). BE was related to negative affect (β = 0.53; p < 0.01) and appetitive traits (β = 1.53; p < 0.001). Negative affect and appetitive traits were related to one another (r = 0.42; p < 0.001), and the full model accounted for 77 % of the variance in BE. In an exploratory follow-up analysis, multigroup SEM evaluated the above relationships in models stratified by sex. Exploratory findings demonstrated both negative affect and appetitive traits were related to BE across sex, particularly when examining BE cognitions and behaviors. However, relationships in men depended upon BE assessment tool. These findings highlight that both negative affect and appetitive traits are related to BE, and jointly may represent significant risk and maintenance factors, particularly in adults with OW/OB. Our findings also highlight the importance of future investigation of sex differences in BE and the potential impact of assessment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen K Pasquale
- San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, 6363 Alvarado Court, Suite 103, San Diego, CA 92120, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - David R Strong
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Michael A Manzano
- San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, 6363 Alvarado Court, Suite 103, San Diego, CA 92120, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Dawn M Eichen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Carol B Peterson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, F282/2A West 2450 Riverside Ave, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Kerri N Boutelle
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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13
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Portingale J, Kenny J, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M, Krug I. Effects of videoconferencing use on momentary changes in disordered eating urges, body dissatisfaction, and mood. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2024; 32:201-214. [PMID: 37805970 DOI: 10.1002/erv.3036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to a global surge in videoconferencing use for work/study-related reasons. Although these platforms heighten exposure to one's image, the implications of videoconferencing use on body image and eating concerns remain scantly examined. This study sought to investigate, in an Australian sample, whether videoconferencing for work/study-related reasons predicted increases in body dissatisfaction (BD), urge to engage in disordered eating (DE; restrictive eating, exercise, overeating/purging), and negative mood at the state level. Participants (N = 482, 78.8% women, Mage = 20.5 years [SD = 5.3]) completed baseline demographic measures, accompanied by an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) of videoconferencing for work/study-related reasons, BD, DE urges, and negative mood six times a day for 7 days via a smartphone application. Most participants (n = 429; 89.0%) reported state-based videoconferencing use during the EMA phase. Consistent with expectations, state-based videoconferencing use was associated with an increase in state-level urges to engage in exercise. However, contrary to predictions, state-based videoconferencing use was linked to a decrease in state-level BD at the next assessment point and failed to predict negative mood and urges to engage in restrictive eating or overeating/purging at the state level. Given the simplified measure of videoconferencing use, the current research is considered preliminary and future replication and extension, using more nuanced measures, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Portingale
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jesy Kenny
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Isabel Krug
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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14
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Darling KE, Warnick J, Guerry WB, Rancourt D. Adolescent Females' Dyadic Conversations About Body, Weight, and Appearance. JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT RESEARCH 2024; 39:487-510. [PMID: 38414661 PMCID: PMC10896266 DOI: 10.1177/07435584221120111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Body talk among adolescent females has been associated with negative outcomes, including depressed mood, disordered eating, and body dissatisfaction. Yet, little work has investigated the manifestation of body talk in actual conversations between adolescent females or explored pathways through which body talk is spread (e.g., co-rumination). The present study examined body talk among adolescent female dyads (N = 23 dyads) ages 13 to 17 (Mage = 15.12) using an observational design. Reciprocally nominated dyads were recruited from a high school in the southeastern United States. Conversations between dyads were qualitatively coded using an applied thematic analysis approach. Identified themes were related to weight, appearance, and personality. Results provide insight into the social context in which sociocultural norms of weight stigma, body dissatisfaction, and eating-related psychopathology may be reinforced. Findings have implications for informing the development of interventions to reduce co-rumination of negative weight- and appearance-related body talk and to promote positive body image and healthy weight among adolescent girls.
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15
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Gajperia C, McBride J, Treasure J, Cardi V, Brewer R. Recognition of others' interoceptive states in those with and without eating disorders. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:169. [PMID: 38418990 PMCID: PMC10900571 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05615-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability to recognize one's own emotions is associated with one's ability to recognize others' emotions. Beyond the domain of emotion, however, the relationship between recognition of one's own internal states (interoception) and others' interoceptive states has not been investigated, either in the typical population or clinical groups with interoceptive difficulties (e.g. eating disorders; EDs). METHOD This study investigated recognition of one's own and others' internal states in adults with and without eating disorders, using a high frequency visual noise paradigm. Participants completed self-report measures of interoception, alexithymia (difficulties recognising one's own emotional internal states) and ED symptomatology, and the Heartbeat Counting Task measure of cardiac interoceptive accuracy. RESULTS Alexithymia was significantly negatively correlated with recognition of others' interoceptive states. EDs were not associated with difficulties recognising others' interoceptive states. CONCLUSIONS The ability to recognise one's own emotional internal states is associated with the recognition of others' interoceptive states, which may contribute to social skills and the ability to care for others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandni Gajperia
- Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, London, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Jennifer McBride
- Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, London, TW20 0EX, UK
| | | | - Valentina Cardi
- King's College London, London, UK
- University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Rebecca Brewer
- Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, London, TW20 0EX, UK.
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16
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Rosser SA, Lloyd M, Hu A, Loke P, Tang MLK. Associations between gender and health-related quality of life in people with IgE-mediated food allergy and their caregivers: A systematic review. Clin Exp Allergy 2024; 54:93-108. [PMID: 38321912 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Understanding factors that impact health-related quality of life (HRQL) is essential to inform personalised food allergy management. However, there are inconsistencies about the impact of gender on HRQL in food allergy. This review aimed to collate all investigations of the association between gender and total or subdomain HRQL scores of individuals with food allergy and their caregivers. DESIGN This is a narrative systematic review. We descriptively synthesised and compared HRQL outcomes by participant and parent genders according to statistical and clinical significance. Study quality was assessed using the ROBINS-I, inclusive of all domains. Sensitivity analysis of non-interventional studies was conducted using the ROBINS-E. DATA SOURCES A systematic search of Medline and Embase databases was conducted on 4 April 2022 and updated on 5 December 2023. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Studies were eligible for inclusion if they reported original data on the association between any sex and/or gender and HRQL, as measured with any validated instrument, in populations with IgE-mediated food allergy. Interventional and non-interventional studies were eligible. RESULTS A comparison of 34 eligible studies (10 interventional and 24 non-interventional) indicated females with food allergy (62.5% of studies of children, 83.3% of studies of adults) and mothers of children with food allergy (50% of studies of caregivers) experienced poorer self-reported baseline HRQL than their counterparts, notably in domains of physical, emotional or food anxiety-related well-being. Gender differences in child HRQL after food allergen immunotherapy were observed. However, selective reporting in included interventional studies meant the direction of this association could not be determined. The proxy-reported total HRQL of participants was not affected by caregiver gender, nor was caregiver HRQL likely impacted by child gender. CONCLUSIONS Gender should be considered an important modifier of participant HRQL outcomes in food allergy studies. Purposeful exploration of HRQL in all genders is needed to fully understand the implications of this construct on the lived experience of food allergy. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO (CRD42022329901).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie A Rosser
- Allergy Immunology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- National Allergy Centre of Excellence (NACE), Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melanie Lloyd
- Allergy Immunology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alice Hu
- Allergy Immunology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paxton Loke
- Allergy Immunology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Children's Hospital, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mimi L K Tang
- Allergy Immunology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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17
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Morris CS, Shepherd EA, Ingram PB. Investigating the Validity of the MMPI-3 Eating Concerns (EAT) scale across Men and Women in a University Sample. J Pers Assess 2024; 106:17-26. [PMID: 37092781 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2023.2195497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Disordered eating is a major health epidemic that occurs at disproportionate rates among young adults and for which gender plays a major role in symptom presentation. Broadband psychological instruments have historically not included disordered eating as a core scale construct. The recent release of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3) offers an opportunity to address this shortcoming through the newly developed Eating Concerns Scale (EAT) for which the existing literature is promising but limited. This study expands research on EAT by investigating its validity and comparing findings across gender. In 345 college students (102 men, 243 women), we examined gender differences between men and women in the EAT scale's structure, item endorsement rates, mean scores, and correlations with measures of body image and eating pathology. Differences emerged in item endorsement rate, scale score elevation rate, and correlation magnitudes. Broadly, findings further support EAT's use in detecting eating pathology and highlight ways in which the EAT scale may not effectively capture masculine expressions of eating pathology, namely binging and purging behaviors. To assess eating pathology more comprehensively, clinicians and researchers should consider including assessments of eating pathology inclusive of masculine eating patterns. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cole S Morris
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | | | - Paul B Ingram
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
- Eastern Kansas Veteran Healthcare System, Topeka, Kansas
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18
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Wilson S. Sociodemographic reporting and sample composition over 3 decades of psychopathology research: A systematic review and quantitative synthesis. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL SCIENCE 2024; 133:20-36. [PMID: 38147053 PMCID: PMC10947749 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Although researchers seek to understand psychological phenomena in a population, quantitative research studies are conducted in smaller samples meant to represent the larger population of interest. This systematic review and quantitative synthesis considers reporting of sociodemographic characteristics and sample composition in the Journal of Abnormal Psychology (now the Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science) over the past 3 decades. Across k = 1,244 empirical studies, there were high and increasing rates of reporting of participant age/developmental stage and sex/gender, low but increasing reporting of socioeconomic status/income, and moderate and stable reporting of educational attainment. Rates of reporting of sexual orientation remained low and reporting of gender identity was essentially nonexistent. There were low to moderate but increasing rates of reporting of participant race and ethnicity. Approximately three-quarters of participants in studies over the past 3 decades were White, while the proportion of participants who were Asian, Black or African American, American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, or Hispanic/Latino was much lower. Approximately two-thirds of participants were female, with this proportion increasing over time. There were also notable differences in the proportion of study participants as a function of race and sex/gender for different forms of psychopathology. Basic science and theoretical psychopathology research must include sociodemographically diverse samples that are representative of and generalizable to the larger human population, while seeking to decrease stigma of psychopathology and increase mental health equity. Recommendations are made to increase sociodemographic diversity in psychopathology research and the scientific review/publication process. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylia Wilson
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota
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19
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Mallaram GK, Sharma P, Kattula D, Singh S, Pavuluru P. Body image perception, eating disorder behavior, self-esteem and quality of life: a cross-sectional study among female medical students. J Eat Disord 2023; 11:225. [PMID: 38102717 PMCID: PMC10724937 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00945-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating disorders are strongly associated with body image concerns. Eating disorders tend to significantly impact the current and future health and quality of life of affected persons, their caregivers, and society. As body image is based on a social construct of ideal body image, it is essential to evaluate it in its cultural context. METHODS The current study explored the relationship among body image perception, perceived stress, eating disorder behaviour and quality of life among female medical students (n = 777). Measurements included Body Shape Questionnaire, Body Image Quality of Life Inventory, Eating Attitudes Test-26 and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Multivariate analysis was conducted. RESULTS There was a significant correlation between eating disorder behaviour and perceived body shape, body image, quality of life and self-esteem among our study participants. We also found eating disorder status was significantly associated with BMI, perceived body shape, quality of life and self-esteem. CONCLUSIONS This is of clinical implication to female medical students and healthcare professionals to engage early in primary and secondary prevention of eating pathologies. Increasing awareness of these facts among female students can help identify at-risk students and help them seek timely medical help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Kumar Mallaram
- Department of Psychiatry, Sri Padmavati Medical College for Women, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Pragya Sharma
- Clinical Psychologist, Psyche in Motion, New Delhi, India.
| | - Dheeraj Kattula
- Department of Psychiatry, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Swarndeep Singh
- Department of Psychiatry, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Poojitha Pavuluru
- Sri Padmavathi Medical College for Women, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
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20
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Baker S, Maïano C, Houle SA, Nadon L, Aimé A, Morin AJS. Profiles of body image concerns and their associations with disordered eating behaviors. Appetite 2023; 191:107082. [PMID: 37832721 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Although body image concerns (BIC) are recognized as a core driver in the development of disordered eating behaviors, the combined role of various types of BIC remains underexamined. This study relied on latent profile analysis to identify the main configurations of self-reported BIC (i.e., body checking and avoidance, perceived physical appearance, and fear of negative appearance evaluation) observed in a sample of 419 French-Canadian individuals (Mage = 26.59, SDage = 9.23). The role of body mass index, sex, and age on profile membership was also examined, as well as the relation between profile membership and disordered eating behaviors (i.e., dieting, bulimia and food preoccupation, and oral control). Six distinct BIC profiles differing in terms of shape and level were identified, with women being more likely to display a profile characterized by higher levels of BIC. In turn, profiles characterized by higher levels of BIC were associated with more disordered eating behaviors. The present study can broaden our understanding of the onset and maintenance of disordered eating behaviors and inspire the development of more tailored body-image interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Baker
- Substantive-Methodological Synergy Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Christophe Maïano
- Cyberpsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO|Campus de Saint-Jérôme), Saint-Jérôme, Canada.
| | - Simon A Houle
- Substantive-Methodological Synergy Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Lindsey Nadon
- Substantive-Methodological Synergy Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Annie Aimé
- Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO|Campus de Saint-Jérôme), Saint-Jérôme, Canada
| | - Alexandre J S Morin
- Substantive-Methodological Synergy Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
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21
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Franco L, Nakano EY, Raposo A, Alturki HA, Alarifi SN, Chaves C, Teixeira-Lemos E, Romão B. Eating Attitudes of Patients with Celiac Disease in Brazil: A Nationwide Assessment with the EAT-26 Instrument. Nutrients 2023; 15:4796. [PMID: 38004190 PMCID: PMC10674570 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. In this sense, a gluten-free diet is the only safe treatment available. Due to the restrictions resulting from this eating pattern, this treatment may impair the relationship of the people with CD with food, increasing the risk of a disordered eating attitude, which is associated with eating disorders. The EAT-26 is a validated instrument already applied worldwide in different populations, and higher scores are suggestive of eating attitudes prone to evolve into eating disorders. Studies carried out in other countries have already shown that people with CD are prone to developing eating disorders; however, no study has been carried out with this theme in the population with CD in Brazil. We carried out a nationwide cross-sectional study in three steps: (i) study design and instrument; (ii) recruitment of participants and ethics; (iii) statistical analysis. A total of 385 participants were included in our sample, 96.36% of them being women. The internal consistency of the applied self-administered Brazilian version of the EAT-26 online questionnaire presented a satisfactory Cronbach's alpha of 0.812, and in total, 36.1% of the respondents were classified with a disordered eating attitude. No differences were found among the scores of participants when divided by categories regarding gender, average monthly income, age, and educational level. However, scores classified as a disordered eating attitude were found in respondents with a body mass index classified as overweight and obese. Our study highlights that disordered eating attitudes are present in overweight and obese women with celiac disease; thus, public health politics are needed to prevent and treat these attitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Franco
- Instituto de Educação Superior de Brasilia, IESB University Center, Brasília 70200-730, Brazil;
| | | | - António Raposo
- CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hmidan A. Alturki
- General Directorate for Funds & Grants, King Abdulaziz City for Science & Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sehad N. Alarifi
- Department of Food and Nutrition Science, Al-Quwayiyah College of Sciences and Humanities, Shaqra University, Shaqraa 11971, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Cláudia Chaves
- ESSV, Centre for Studies in Education and Innovation (CI&DEI), Polytechnic University of Viseu, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal;
| | - Edite Teixeira-Lemos
- CERNAS Research Centre, Polytechnic University of Viseu, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal;
| | - Bernardo Romão
- Instituto de Educação Superior de Brasilia, IESB University Center, Brasília 70200-730, Brazil;
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22
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Berengüí R, Castejón MA. Personality Traits and Risk of Eating Disorders in Men: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2910. [PMID: 37958054 PMCID: PMC10649439 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11212910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders (EDs) have been understudied and misunderstood in men. Among the relevant factors in the risk, onset, and maintenance of EDs, personality stands out. Therefore, the aim of the study was to analyze the relationships between personality traits and risk variables for the development of EDs in men. A total of 443 male university students (mean = 22.16 years) who completed the Spanish versions of the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3) and the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) participated. Correlation analyses were performed, and in order to determine the predictive role of personality traits on risk scales, a hierarchical multiple regression was performed. The results showed that neuroticism was positively associated with drive for thinness, being its main predictor variable. In bulimia, the main relationships were positively associated with neuroticism and negatively with conscientiousness. As for body dissatisfaction, the main predictor variables were neuroticism and, in a negative sense, extraversion and openness to experience. In conclusion, personality traits are related to the risk of developing EDs in male university students, with neuroticism being the main associated trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosendo Berengüí
- Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - María A. Castejón
- Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain
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23
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Mushtaq T, Ashraf S, Hameed H, Irfan A, Shahid M, Kanwal R, Aslam MA, Shahid H, Koh-E-Noor, Shazly GA, Khan MA, Jardan YAB. Prevalence of Eating Disorders and Their Association with Social Media Addiction among Youths. Nutrients 2023; 15:4687. [PMID: 37960340 PMCID: PMC10647586 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders and excessive attachment to social media are a matter of great concern among youths. This study assessed the prevalence of eating disorders and their association with social media addiction among youths. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 350 participants aged 14-25 years. Two pre-validated tools were used, i.e., the Eating Attitude Test and the Social Networking Addiction Scale. SPSS was used to analyze the data. Out of the 350 students, 42% had probable eating disorders, and 41.7% had social media addictions. The findings revealed that the chances of having eating disorders were significantly higher among youths who lived in separate places, smoked, and had a family history of eating disorders (p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, the dieting domain displayed notably higher scores for youths living separately (p ≤ 0.05) and smokers (p ≤ 0.01). Moreover, the scores for bulimia and food preoccupation were significantly higher among participants who were married (p = 0.038), were smokers (p = 0.027), and had a family history of eating disorders (p = 0.001). Higher scores in the oral control domain were reported by females (p ≤ 0.05) and severely obese youths (p ≤ 0.01). Moreover, social media addiction was significantly higher among students aged 18-21 (p ≤ 0.01). Spearman's correlation revealed that social media addiction has a weak positive relationship with eating disorders (r = 0.133, p ≤ 0.01), particularly bulimia and food preoccupation (r = 0.173, p ≤ 0.001). This reflects the need to address the harmful consequences of social media addiction that might raise the likelihood of developing eating disorders, particularly bulimia nervosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tehreem Mushtaq
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Seemab Ashraf
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Huma Hameed
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ali Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Maria Shahid
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rabbia Kanwal
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arslan Aslam
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Hijab Shahid
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Koh-E-Noor
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Gamal A. Shazly
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahtab Ahmad Khan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lubeck, 23566 Lubeck, Germany
| | - Yousef A. Bin Jardan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Al Shawi AF, Al Diwan JK. Assessment of adverse childhood experiences, undernutrition symptoms and gender among sample of medical students in Fallujah University - Iraq: A preliminary study. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:1636-1640. [PMID: 37092763 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231169651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse childhood experiences is considered as major risk factor for several health problems and diseases during adulthood, such as hypertension, IHD, and eating disorders. The aim of current study was to measure the association between ACEs and malnutrition symptoms among sample of medical students in Fallujah University. METHODS A convenience sample was used to recruit the participants; the data collection was carried out during December 2022. The questionnaire consisted from questions for demographical variables, questions for adverse childhood experiences and Short Nutritional Questionnaire was used for assessing the undernutrition symptoms among the subjects. RESULTS Female subjects consisted 62.8% of the sample, 28.3% of the students had zero score of adverse childhood experience, 13% of the subjects had one score of ACEs and 45% of the participants had four or more of ACEs score. There was a statistically non- significant association between exposure to ACEs and undernutrition symptoms, p > .05. The logistic regression model revealed that female subjects had a risk of five folds for loss of appetite compare to male subjects (OR = 5.58, 95% CI [2.18, 14.31]). The females also had three folds for using nutritional supplement due to nutritional deficiencies compare to males (OR = 3.28, 95% CI [1.33, 8.1]). CONCLUSION ACEs was not associated with undernutrition symptoms. Gender is significantly related with loss of appetite and using the nutritional supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameel F Al Shawi
- Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Fallujah, Al-Fallujah, Iraq
| | - Jawad K Al Diwan
- Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Abid MT, Banna MHA, Akter S, Brazendale K, Spence C, Begum MUH, Rashid R, Bari FS, Rifat MA, Sultana MS, Khaleduzzaman M, Debnath SC, Mahjabin N, Khan MSI, Hassan MN. Prevalence and predictors of binge eating disorder symptoms among a sample of university students in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional survey. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1668. [PMID: 37920659 PMCID: PMC10618435 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims There is a dearth of information about binge eating disorder (BED) among Bangladeshi university students, who may be more susceptible to BED due to the rise in unhealthy lifestyles and food habits. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of BED symptoms among Bangladeshi university students. Methods Students (N = 525) from three public universities in Bangladesh participated in this cross-sectional study between November 2022 and March 2023. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using a structured paper-based questionnaire that included two validated survey tools; the binge eating disorder screener and the patient health questionnaire-9. To identify the factors associated with BED symptoms, multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted, with sociodemographic and behavioral information (e.g., age, sex, smoking status, etc.) considered as covariates. Results The prevalence of BED symptoms among participants (mean age 21.28 years, 50.3% male and 49.7% female) was 20.6%. Male students had a 2.28 times higher likelihood of having BED symptoms compared to female counterparts (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.28; 95% CI: 1.33-3.89). Older students (AOR = 3.56, 95% CI: 1.80-7.05), students who were overweight or obese (AOR = 3.32, 95% CI: 1.87-5.89), and students reporting higher depressive symptoms (AOR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.66-4.35) were at greater risk for developing BED compared to their respective counterparts. Conclusions This study provides new insights into the prevalence of BED symptoms and its contributing factors among Bangladeshi students. Approximately 1-in-5 university students reported having BED symptoms. University students who are older, overweight, or obese, and who report depressive symptoms may be at greatest risk. Future longitudinal studies are needed to determine the causal factors underlying BED. Findings from this study can assist policymakers and public health professionals in developing effective and targeted strategies to mitigate the risks associated with BED among Bangladeshi university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tazrian Abid
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food SciencePatuakhali Science and Technology UniversityPatuakhaliBangladesh
| | - Md. Hasan Al Banna
- Department of Food MicrobiologyFaculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology UniversityPatuakhaliBangladesh
- Nutrition InitiativeKushtiaBangladesh
| | - Shammy Akter
- Department of Applied Nutrition and Food TechnologyFaculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic UniversityKushtiaBangladesh
| | - Keith Brazendale
- Department of Health SciencesUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFloridaUSA
| | - Charles Spence
- Department of Experimental PsychologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | | | - Rumana Rashid
- Department of Public Health NutritionPrimeasia UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | | | - M. A. Rifat
- Department of Global Public HealthKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Mst. Sadia Sultana
- Department of Public Health and InformaticsJahangirnagar UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | - Md. Khaleduzzaman
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food SciencePatuakhali Science and Technology UniversityPatuakhaliBangladesh
| | - Sourav Chandra Debnath
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food SciencePatuakhali Science and Technology UniversityPatuakhaliBangladesh
| | - Nushrat Mahjabin
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food SciencePatuakhali Science and Technology UniversityPatuakhaliBangladesh
| | - Md. Shafiqul Islam Khan
- Department of Food MicrobiologyFaculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology UniversityPatuakhaliBangladesh
| | - Md. Nazmul Hassan
- Department of Environmental SanitationFaculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology UniversityPatuakhaliBangladesh
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Saunders EFH, Brady M, Mukherjee D, Baweja R, Forrest LN, Gomaa H, Babinski D, He F, Pearl AM, Liao D, Waschbusch DA. Gender differences in transdiagnostic domains and function of adults measured by DSM-5 assessment scales at the first clinical visit: a cohort study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:709. [PMID: 37784092 PMCID: PMC10544467 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05207-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measurement-based care has been called for as best practice in psychiatric care and learning health systems and use of transdiagnostic measures was suggested as part of the DSM-5. Our objective is to examine gender differences in first visit socioeconomic, transdiagnostic, and functional characteristics of a dynamic, real-world measurement-based care cohort. METHODS Transdiagnostic, functional, and clinical measures were collected from 3,556 patients at first visit in an ambulatory psychiatric clinic. All patients were evaluated at the first visit by board-certified psychiatrists or licensed clinical psychologists. Demographic variables and clinical diagnoses were collected from the Electronic Medical Record. Self-report measures were collected that assessed transdiagnostic symptoms (DSM-5 Level 1 Cross-cutting Measure and Level 2 symptom scales), disability, alcohol use, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, depression, anxiety, mania, suicidal thoughts and behaviors, and trauma exposure. RESULTS Men and women did not differ in age, BMI, household income, high school graduation rate, race, or ethnicity, but women were more likely to be formerly married and less likely to have commercial insurance. Compared to men, women reported significantly higher overall psychopathology on the transdiagnostic Level 1 Cross-cutting measure and had higher depression, anxiety, sleep, anger, ADHD combined presentation, and suicidality severity. Women also had higher disability scores than men. However, men reported higher alcohol, tobacco and substance use, and more risky behavior than women. Trauma exposure differed significantly by gender; men reported more exposure to accidents, war-related trauma, serious accidents, and major disasters and women reported more unwanted sexual contact. CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional study of a transdiagnostic, ecologically-valid real-word measurement-based care cohort demonstrates gender differences in socioeconomic factors, trauma exposure, transdiagnostic symptoms, and functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika F H Saunders
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Penn State College of Medicine and Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
| | - Megan Brady
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dahlia Mukherjee
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Penn State College of Medicine and Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Ritika Baweja
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Penn State College of Medicine and Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Lauren N Forrest
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Penn State College of Medicine and Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Hassaan Gomaa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Penn State College of Medicine and Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Dara Babinski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Penn State College of Medicine and Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Fan He
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Amanda M Pearl
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Penn State College of Medicine and Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Duanping Liao
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Daniel A Waschbusch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Penn State College of Medicine and Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
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Hao M, Yang J, Xu S, Yan W, Yu H, Wang Q. The relationship between body dissatisfaction, lifestyle, and nutritional status among university students in Southern China. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:705. [PMID: 37777718 PMCID: PMC10543264 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05215-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, obesity in early adulthood has become an urgent global public health concern. Body dissatisfaction may have adverse effects on lifestyle habits, leading to obesity. However, research on nutritional status and body dissatisfaction among Chinese young adults is still insufficient. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between body dissatisfaction, dietary habits, physical activity, and nutritional status among university students. In addition, we explored the feasibility of improving university students' nutritional status by improving the levels of body dissatisfaction. METHODS This study was conducted in Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, China, at a randomly selected university. All 1900 undergraduate students volunteered to participate and signed the consent form. Students were required to completed anthropometric measurements and three questionnaires, which included the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PARS-3), Chinese version of the Dutch Dietary Behavior Questionnaire (C-DEBQ), and Body Dissatisfaction. Of these, 1714 students (age: 18-24 years; men: 933, women: 781) with complete and valid data were included. RESULTS Higher obesity levels were observed in men compared to women (p<0.01). Meanwhile, body dissatisfaction was higher in women compared to men (p<0.01). Overeating and insufficient physical activity were more problematic in women compared to in men (p<0.01). Multiple regression analyses were conducted separately, with BMI and body dissatisfaction as the dependent variables. Body dissatisfaction (β=0.72, p<0.01), muscle mass (β=0.33, p<0.01), emotional eating score (β=0.05, p<0.01), sex (β=-0.05, p<0.05) and physical activity (β=-0.04, p<0.05) score were significant predictors of obesity. Furthermore, Muscle mass (β=0.61, p<0.01), sex (β=0.54, p<0.01), restrained eating score (β=0.25, p<0.01), physical activity score (β=-0.20, p<0.01) and emotional eating score (β=0.08, p<0.01) were significant predictors of body dissatisfaction. CONCLUSION The data presented in this study highlight the impact of university students' body dissatisfaction in China on physical activity deficiency and overeating, discovering that reducing body dissatisfaction has great potential for preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Hao
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Jiangxi, 341000, China.
| | - Shiliang Xu
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology, Benxi, 117000, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenjing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou , Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Hongfei Yu
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
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Nijakowski K, Jankowski J, Gruszczyński D, Surdacka A. Eating Disorders and Dental Erosion: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6161. [PMID: 37834805 PMCID: PMC10573129 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Both eating disorders and dental erosion are increasingly affecting adolescents and young adults. Thus, our systematic review was designed to answer the question: "Is there a relationship between dental erosion and eating disorders?" Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 31 studies were included in this systematic review (according to the PRISMA statement guidelines). Based on the meta-analysis, 54.4% of patients with bulimia nervosa and 26.7% with anorexia nervosa experienced tooth erosion. For the whole group of 1699 patients with eating disorders, erosive lesions were observed in 42.1% of patients. Bulimics were more than 10 times more likely to experience dental erosion compared to healthy individuals (OR = 10.383 [95%CI: 4.882-22.086]). Similarly, more than 16 times increased odds of tooth erosion were found in patients with self-induced vomiting (OR = 16.176 [95%CI: 1.438-181.918]). In conclusion, eating disorders are associated with an increased risk of developing erosive lesions, especially in patients with bulimia nervosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kacper Nijakowski
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Jakub Jankowski
- Student’s Scientific Group in Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland; (J.J.); (D.G.)
| | - Dawid Gruszczyński
- Student’s Scientific Group in Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland; (J.J.); (D.G.)
| | - Anna Surdacka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland;
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Yoon C, Mai D, Kinariwala K, Ledoux T, Betts R, Johnston C. Sex and ethnic/racial differences in disordered eating behaviors and intuitive eating among college student. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1221816. [PMID: 37790230 PMCID: PMC10543694 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1221816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Eating behaviors encompass disordered eating behaviors (e.g., overeating, binge eating, and associated symptoms of binge eating) and intuitive eating. Certain disordered eating behaviors, including binge eating, are more prevalent among female and ethnic/racial-minority college students than male and/or non-Hispanic White college students. However, sex and ethnic/racial differences among college students with other disordered eating (e.g., associated symptoms of binge eating) and intuitive eating behaviors remain unclear. Methods In 2022, 887 college students (Mage = 20.9 ± 2.6 years) self-reported their sex, ethnicity/race, disordered eating behaviors (e.g., overeating, binge eating, associated symptoms of binge eating), and intuitive eating. To examine sex and ethnic/racial differences among these students, we used modified Poisson regressions for students who reported disordered eating and linear regressions for students who reported intuitive eating. Results Except for overeating, disordered eating behaviors were more prevalent among female [adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) = 1.3-1.8] than male college students after adjusting for sociodemographic variables, whereas intuitive eating scores did not differ by sex. Across ethnic/racial groups, disordered eating was more prevalent among all ethnic/racial-minority college students (aPR = 1.2-2.3) than non-Hispanic White college students after adjusting for sociodemographic variables. Moreover, non-Hispanic Black or African American college students had higher intuitive eating scores than non-Hispanic White college students (adjusted β = 0.7, 95% CI = -0.2, 1.6). Conclusion In our sample, notable differences emerged in the prevalence of disordered eating behaviors and mean scores by sex and ethnicity/race, while differences in intuitive eating scores emerged based on ethnicity/race.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Yoon
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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Rozgonjuk D, Ignell J, Mech F, Rothermund E, Gündel H, Montag C. Smartphone and Instagram use, body dissatisfaction, and eating disorders: investigating the associations using self-report and tracked data. J Eat Disord 2023; 11:149. [PMID: 37667321 PMCID: PMC10478361 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00865-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has linked smartphone and Instagram use to higher body dissatisfaction (BD) as well as eating disorder (ED) symptomatology. However, these studies have typically been limited to using self-report measures for technology use which, as shown by scientific literature, might not be reliable. In the present work, we combine self-reported assessments as well as tracked smartphone and Instagram use. METHODS The effective sample comprised N = 119 women (34 with ED diagnosis history) who were queried about BD and ED symptomatology, and who provided the data about their smartphone and Instagram use duration for each day of the previous week. RESULTS The study results show that women with an ED diagnosis history scored higher on both BD as well as ED scales. Although women with an ED diagnosis history had higher smartphone screen time, there were no statistically significant differences in Instagram screen time. Tracked smartphone use duration was positively correlated with both BD and ED symptomatology, but the role of Instagram use needs to be further elucidated. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show that while BD and ED symptomatology are correlated with smartphone use, it may be that Instagram use is not the main contributor to that relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Rozgonjuk
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Helmholtzstraße 8/1, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Johanna Ignell
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Helmholtzstraße 8/1, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Franziska Mech
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Helmholtzstraße 8/1, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Eva Rothermund
- Ulm University Medical Center, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Harald Gündel
- Ulm University Medical Center, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Montag
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Helmholtzstraße 8/1, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
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Wani M, Chakole S, Agrawal S, Gupta A, Chavada J, Pathade AG, Yelne S. Unveiling Skin Manifestations: Exploring Cutaneous Signs of Malnutrition in Eating Disorders. Cureus 2023; 15:e44759. [PMID: 37809242 PMCID: PMC10556793 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The intricate interplay between eating disorders, malnutrition, and their cutaneous manifestations is the focal point of this comprehensive review. The review delves into the clinical significance of recognising and understanding these visible signs in the context of eating disorders. It highlights the vital role of nutrition in maintaining healthy skin and addresses the challenges associated with relying solely on cutaneous signs for diagnosis. Emphasising a multidisciplinary approach involving dermatologists, psychiatrists, and nutritionists, the review underscores the holistic nature of the treatment. Addressing psychological aspects alongside nutritional rehabilitation is underscored with a forward-looking perspective on future research avenues. This review is valuable for healthcare professionals by synthesising existing knowledge and identifying research gaps. It aims to improve the diagnosis, treatment, and preventative strategies for individuals dealing with the complex challenges of eating disorders and malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Wani
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Swarupa Chakole
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Suyash Agrawal
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Anannya Gupta
- Internal Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Jay Chavada
- Medical Student, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Aniket G Pathade
- Research and Development, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Seema Yelne
- Nursing, Shalinitai Meghe College of Nursing, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Lenart-Lipińska M, Łuniewski M, Szydełko J, Matyjaszek-Matuszek B. Clinical and Therapeutic Implications of Male Obesity. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5354. [PMID: 37629396 PMCID: PMC10455727 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity, a disorder linked to numerous comorbidities and metabolic complications, has recently increased dramatically worldwide and is highly prevalent in men, even at a young age. Compared to female patients, men with obesity more frequently have delayed diagnosis, higher severity of obesity, increased mortality rate, and only a minority of obese male patients are successfully treated, including with bariatric surgery. The aim of this review was to present the current state of knowledge about the clinical and therapeutic implications of obesity diagnosed in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Lenart-Lipińska
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland; (M.Ł.); (J.S.); (B.M.-M.)
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Santana DD, Mitchison D, Mannan H, Griffiths S, Appolinario JC, da Veiga GV, Touyz S, Hay P. Twenty-year associations between disordered eating behaviors and sociodemographic features in a multiple cross-sectional sample. Psychol Med 2023; 53:5012-5021. [PMID: 35833367 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722001994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disordered eating behaviors (DEB) impact on health and wellbeing worldwide. This study aimed to examine sociodemographic trends in the prevalence of DEB over 20 years in the Australian general population. METHODS Data were derived from five sequential cross-sectional surveys (1998, 2008, 2009, 2016 and 2017) with population-representative samples of adults and adolescents residing in South Australia (N = 15 075). DEBs investigated were objective binge eating (OBE), strict dieting/fasting, and purging. Sociodemographic data included gender, age, educational level, work and marital status, and residence. RESULTS OBE prevalence increased significantly. Strict dieting/fasting also increased from 1998 to 2008/9 but remained stable between 2008/9 and 2016/7. Purging prevalence did not change significantly over time. All survey years were associated with a significantly higher odds of OBE, and strict diet/fasting compared to 1998. Lower age, a higher Accessibility Remoteness Index of Australia (ARIA) score, higher body mass index (BMI), higher educational attainment, and not being in a married or de facto relationship were independently associated with greater adjusted odds for endorsing OBE. Younger age, female gender, and higher BMI were also independently associated with greater adjusted odds for endorsing strict dieting/fasting. CONCLUSIONS The increased prevalence of DEBs in various strata of Australian society has both public health and clinical implications. The results refute the stereotype that eating disorders (EDs) predominantly affect young women. They build impetus for future research on EDs among men and older individuals, with a view to developing tailored public health and clinical interventions for these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Dias Santana
- Josué de Castro Institute of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Deborah Mitchison
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, New South Wales, Australia
- Camden and Campbelltown Hospitals, SWSLHD, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Haider Mannan
- School of Medicine, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Scott Griffiths
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jose Carlos Appolinario
- Group of Obesity and Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gloria Valeria da Veiga
- Josué de Castro Institute of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Stephen Touyz
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Phillipa Hay
- School of Medicine, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia
- Camden and Campbelltown Hospitals, SWSLHD, New South Wales, Australia
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Williamson G, Cotter EW, Cao L, Guidinger C, Kelly NR. Ecological momentary assessment of state affect prior to and following loss of control eating in young men. Eat Behav 2023; 50:101782. [PMID: 37517107 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Loss of control (LOC) eating is prevalent but understudied among young men. Affect regulation models propose that LOC eating functions as a maladaptive effort to escape from distressing affective states. As such, negative affect is thought to increase before and decrease after LOC eating. However, examinations with young men are lacking and it remains unclear whether specific emotional experiences are differentially implicated in their LOC eating. METHODS The current study examined the temporal roles of affect in LOC eating in 31 young men (18-35 years; Mage = 25.74 ± 5.61y; 46.7 % White; 30 % Black/African American; 10 % Hispanic/Latino, 10 % South Asian) who reported engaging in recurrent LOC eating. Participants completed a 14-day ecological momentary assessment protocol and recorded all eating episodes each day and their state affect five times per day. Generalized linear mixed models were conducted to examine the trajectories of global and item-level negative and positive affect pre- and post-LOC eating episodes. RESULTS Negative affect did not change significantly before or after LOC eating (ps > .05). Positive affect did not change significantly before LOC eating (ps > .05). Global positive affect, excitement, and happiness decreased significantly after LOC eating (ps ≤ .001). DISCUSSION Study findings contradict extant theory and empirical data largely from female samples. Negative affect did not increase risk for LOC eating, nor did LOC eating function to improve participants' mood; rather, positive mood slightly decreased after LOC eating. Further investigation around the observed decline in positive affect after LOC eating will clarify if this is a relevant intervention point in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Williamson
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, United States of America; The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, United States of America.
| | - Elizabeth W Cotter
- Department of Health Studies, American University, United States of America.
| | - Li Cao
- Sanford Center for Biobehavioral Research, United States of America.
| | - Claire Guidinger
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, United States of America; The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, United States of America.
| | - Nichole R Kelly
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, University of Oregon, United States of America; The Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, United States of America.
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Brown SSG, Westwater ML, Seidlitz J, Ziauddeen H, Fletcher PC. Hypothalamic volume is associated with body mass index. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 39:103478. [PMID: 37558541 PMCID: PMC10509524 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The hypothalamus is an important neuroendocrine hub for the control of appetite and satiety. In animal studies it has been established that hypothalamic lesioning or stimulation causes alteration to feeding behaviour and consequently body mass, and exposure to high calorie diets induces hypothalamic inflammation. These findings suggest that alterations in hypothalamic structure and function are both a cause and a consequence of changes to food intake. However, there is limited in vivo human data relating the hypothalamus to obesity or eating disorders, in part due to technical problems relating to its small size. Here, we used a novel automated segmentation algorithm to exploratorily investigate the relationship between hypothalamic volume, normalised to intracranial volume, and body mass index (BMI). The analysis was applied across four independent datasets comprising of young adults (total n = 1,351 participants) spanning a range of BMIs (13.3 - 47.8 kg/m2). We compared underweight (including individuals with anorexia nervosa), healthy weight, overweight and obese individuals in a series of complementary analyses. We report that overall hypothalamic volume is significantly larger in overweight and obese groups of young adults. This was also observed for a number of hypothalamic sub-regions. In the largest dataset (the HCP-Young Adult dataset (n = 1111)) there was a significant relationship between hypothalamic volume and BMI. We suggest that our findings of a positive relationship between hypothalamic volume and BMI is potentially consistent with hypothalamic inflammation as seen in animal models in response to high fat diet, although more research is needed to establish a causal relationship. Overall, we present novel, in vivo findings that link elevated BMI to altered hypothalamic structure. This has important implications for study of the neural mechanisms of obesity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie S G Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Margaret L Westwater
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
| | - Jakob Seidlitz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Lifespan Brain Institute of Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hisham Ziauddeen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Paul C Fletcher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Wellcome Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Trust, United Kingdom
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36
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Kulandaivelu Y, Hamilton J, Banerjee A, Gruzd A, Patel B, Stinson J. Social Media Interventions for Nutrition Education Among Adolescents: Scoping Review. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2023; 6:e36132. [PMID: 37471119 PMCID: PMC10401194 DOI: 10.2196/36132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a critical period for reinforcing healthy dietary behaviors and supporting the development of cooking skills. Social media may be an avenue for supporting these behaviors, as it is popular among adolescents and can improve access to nutrition education interventions. This study sought to understand the optimal implementation of effective social media-based nutrition education interventions to inform the implementation of future social media-based nutrition education interventions. OBJECTIVE A scoping review of the characteristics, feasibility, effectiveness, and factors influencing social media-based nutrition education interventions for adolescents was conducted. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and PsycINFO databases using a predefined search strategy. Primary research articles were independently screened and included if they involved adolescent populations (10-18 years old) and delivered nutrition education through social media. The information on intervention characteristics, feasibility, effectiveness, and factors influencing social media-based nutrition education interventions was extracted. RESULTS A total of 28 publications out of 20,557 met the eligibility criteria. Twenty-five nutrition interventions were examined by 28 studies. Fourteen interventions used homegrown social media platforms, 8 used Facebook, and 2 used Instagram. Feasibility outcomes were infrequently reported, and the cost of intervention delivery was not reported. Engagement with interventions was variable; high engagement was not required to elicit significant improvements in dietary behaviors. Tailoring interventions, offering practical content, meaningful peer support, and involving families and communities facilitated successful interventions. Strategies to address engagement and technical issues were varied. CONCLUSIONS Emerging evidence demonstrates that social media interventions for adolescent nutrition are acceptable and improve nutrition outcomes. Future interventions should strengthen peer support components and tailor delivery to specific populations. Further research should examine engagement, adherence, and the impact of interventions on behavioral and physical outcomes. This review is the first to examine the use of social media as the primary medium for nutrition education for adolescent populations. The analysis used in this review argues the importance of peer support in social media-based nutrition interventions and the need for user-centered design of the interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalinie Kulandaivelu
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jill Hamilton
- Centre for Healthy Active Kids, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ananya Banerjee
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anatoliy Gruzd
- Information Technology Management, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Barkha Patel
- Centre for Healthy Active Kids, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Stinson
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Salehian R, Ghanbari Jolfaei A, Mansoursamaei M, Mansoursamaei A, Vossoughi M, Elyasi Galeshi M. Prevalence and Correlates of Food Addiction in Bariatric Surgery Candidates and Its Effect on Bariatric Surgery Outcome: A Prospective Observational Study. Obes Surg 2023; 33:2090-2097. [PMID: 37131088 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06621-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies have shown a high prevalence of food addiction (FA) in bariatric surgery candidates. This study examines prevalence of FA prior to and one year after bariatric surgery and the determinants of preoperative FA. Additionally, this study investigates how preoperative variables affect excess weight loss (EWL) one year after bariatric surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective observational study included 102 patients at an obesity surgery clinic. Self-report measures, including demographic characteristics, the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) were used two weeks before and one year after surgery. RESULTS The FA prevalence among bariatric surgery candidates decreased from 43.6% before surgery to 9.7% one year after surgery. Among independent variables, female gender and anxiety symptoms were associated with FA (OR = 4.20, 95% CI: 1.35-24.16, p = 0.028 and OR = 5.29, 95% CI: 1.49-18.81, p = 0.010, respectively). Only gender had a significant association with %EWL after surgery (p = 0.022); females had a higher mean %EWL than males. CONCLUSION FA is common among candidates for bariatric surgery, especially in women and participants with anxiety symptoms. The prevalence of FA, emotional eating, and external eating decreased after bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Salehian
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14456-13131, Iran
| | - Atefeh Ghanbari Jolfaei
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14456-13131, Iran
| | - Maryam Mansoursamaei
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19857-1744, Iran
| | - Ali Mansoursamaei
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Science, Shahroud, 36147-73943, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Vossoughi
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute (PHRI), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14496-14535, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Elyasi Galeshi
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14456-13131, Iran.
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Knight R, Preston C. Exploring the effects of gender and sexual orientation on disordered eating: an EFA to CFA study of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire. J Eat Disord 2023; 11:100. [PMID: 37349796 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00821-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Several problems limit our understanding of the ways that gender and sexual orientation influence disordered eating. These include the reliance on measures that have been developed and validated in samples of cisgender heterosexual women, and the lack of confirmed measurement invariance that allows us to meaningfully compare these experiences between groups. This study was an EFA to CFA exploration of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire in a group of heterosexual, bisexual, gay, and lesbian men and women. In total 1638 participants were recruited via adverts in traditional and social media to complete an online survey. A 14-item, three-factor model of the EDE-Q was confirmed as best fitting the data and measurement invariance between groups was ascertained. Sexual orientation influenced disordered eating and muscularity-related thoughts and behaviours in men but not women. Heterosexual men reported more muscularity-related concerns and behaviours, whereas gay men showed more thinness-related concerns and behaviours. Bisexual participants showed a different pattern, highlighting the importance of treating this group individually and not collating all non-heterosexual participants together. Small but significant effects of sexual orientation and gender have an impact on the kinds of disordered eating thoughts and behaviours one might experience, and could influence prevention and treatment. Clinicians may be able to provide more effective and tailored interventions by taking into account gender and sexual orientation in sensitive ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Knight
- Department of Psychology, York St John University, Lord Mayors Walk, York, Y031 7EX, UK.
- University of York, York, UK.
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39
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Hildebrandt BA, Fisher H, Ahmari SE. Examination of onset trajectories and persistence of binge-like eating behavior in mice after intermittent palatable food exposure. Behav Neurosci 2023; 137:170-177. [PMID: 36821355 PMCID: PMC10191968 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Binge eating is a persistent behavior associated with a chronic course of illness and poor treatment outcomes. While clinical research is unable to capture the full course of binge eating, preclinical approaches offer the opportunity to examine binge-like eating from onset through chronic durations, allowing identification of factors contributing to binge eating persistence. The present study quantified the trajectories of binge-like eating onset and modeled cycles of abstinence/relapse to develop a translational model for binge eating persistence. Adult male and female C57Bl6/J mice were randomized to a binge-like palatable food access schedule (daily 2-hr, 3×/week) or continuous, nonbinge like palatable food access for 12 days (Experiment 1). Persistence of palatable food consumption in both binge-like palatable food access groups was then examined across three cycles of forced abstinence and reexposure to palatable food (incubation) to model the persistence of binge eating in clinical populations. Mice with daily 2-hr palatable food access escalated their intake more than mice in the 3×/week or continuous groups (Experiment 1). This pattern was more pronounced in females. In addition, this pattern of palatable food intake reemerged across multiple cycles of behavioral incubation (Experiment 2). These findings provide a model of binge-like eating in mice that can be used in future studies examining both environmental factors and neural mechanisms contributing to binge eating persistence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hayley Fisher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
| | - Susanne E Ahmari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
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40
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Friedman J, Yoon C, Emery Tavernier R, Mason S, Neumark-Sztainer D. Associations of childhood maltreatment with binge eating and binge drinking in emerging adult women. Prev Med Rep 2023; 33:102217. [PMID: 37223561 PMCID: PMC10201826 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Binge drinking and binge eating are prevalent, frequently co-occurring, high-risk behaviors among emerging adult women, each with physical and psychological consequences. The mechanisms driving their co-occurrence are not well understood, though a history of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may increase the risk for both binge behaviors. Objective To assess the association between ACE subtypes and individual and co-occurring binge drinking and eating in emerging adult women. Participants and Setting A diverse sample of women participating in the population-based study EAT 2018: Eating and Activity over Time (N = 788; aged 18-30; 19% Asian, 22% Black, 19% Latino, and 36% White). Methods Multinomial logistic regression estimated associations among ACE subtypes (i.e., sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, household dysfunction), and binge drinking, binge eating, and their co-occurrence. Results are reported as predicted probabilities (PP) of each outcome. Results Over half of the sample (62%) reported at least one ACE. In models mutually adjusted for other ACEs, physical and emotional abuse showed the strongest associations with binge behaviors. Experiences of physical abuse had the strongest association with a ten-percentage point higher predicted probability of binge drinking (PP = 37%, 95% [CI 27-47%]) and seven-percentage point higher PP of co-occurring binge eating and drinking (PP = 12%, 95% CI [5-19%]). Emotional abuse had the strongest association with an 11-percentage point higher PP binge eating only (PP = 20%, 95% CI [11-29%]). Conclusions This study found childhood physical and emotional abuse to be particularly relevant risk factors for binge drinking, binge eating, and their co-occurrence among emerging adult women.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.K. Friedman
- Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Minneapolis Veterans Administration Heath Care System, Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - C.Y. Yoon
- Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R.L. Emery Tavernier
- Family Medicine and Biobehavioral Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - S.M. Mason
- Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - D. Neumark-Sztainer
- Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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41
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Levine MD, Tavernier RLE, Conlon RPK, Grace JL, Sweeny GM, Wang B, Cheng Y. Loss of control eating during pregnancy is associated with excessive gestational weight gain among individuals with overweight and obesity. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:340. [PMID: 37173628 PMCID: PMC10176920 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) predicts negative health outcomes among individuals with overweight or obesity. Loss of control eating (LOC), the ingestion of food associated with being unable to control eating, is the core psychopathology of binge eating disorders. We evaluated the contribution of LOC to GWG among pregnant individuals with prepregnancy overweight/obesity. METHODS In a prospective longitudinal study, individuals with prepregnancy BMI ≥ 25 (N = 257) were interviewed monthly to assess LOC and reported demographic, parity, and smoking information. GWG was abstracted from medical records. RESULTS Among individuals with prepregnancy overweight/obesity, 39% endorsed LOC prior to or during pregnancy. After adjusting for factors that have previously been linked to GWG, LOC during pregnancy, uniquely predicted higher GWG and greater likelihood of exceeding GWG recommendations. Participants with prenatal LOC gained 3.14 kg (p = 0.03) more than did those without LOC during pregnancy and 78.7% (n = 48/61) exceeded IOM guidelines for GWG. The frequency of LOC episodes was also associated with greater weight gain. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal LOC is common among pregnant individuals with overweight/obesity and predicts greater GWG and increased likelihood of exceeding IOM GWG guidelines. LOC may represent a modifiable behavioral mechanism to prevent excessive GWG among individuals at risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele D Levine
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Rebecca L Emery Tavernier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rachel P K Conlon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jennifer L Grace
- Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gina M Sweeny
- Western Psychiatric Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bang Wang
- Department of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yu Cheng
- Department of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Li L, Liu L, Niu Z, Zhong H, Mei S, Griffiths MD. Gender differences and left-behind experiences in the relationship between gaming disorder, rumination and sleep quality among a sample of Chinese university students during the late stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1108016. [PMID: 37215671 PMCID: PMC10196354 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1108016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Studies have shown that gaming disorder (GD) is associated with rumination and poor sleep quality. However, the reciprocal relationship between GD, rumination and sleep quality is unclear. Moreover, the differences between gender and between left-behind experiences in the aforementioned relationship remain unknown. Therefore, the present study examined gender differences and left-behind experiences in the relationship between GD, rumination, and sleep quality among a sample of Chinese university students during the late stage of COVID-19 pandemic using a network analysis approach. Methods A cross-sectional online survey of 1,872 Chinese university students was conducted comprising demographic information (age, gender, and left-behind experience), gaming experience, gaming frequency, Gaming Disorder Test (GDT), Short Version of Rumination Response Scale (RRS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results Among Chinese university students, the prevalence of (i) GD was 3.5% and (ii) sleep disturbance was 14%. GD had positive and weak connection with rumination and sleep quality in the domain-level relational network. The network structures and global strengths both showed no significant differences between gender and between left-behind experiences. The nodes gd3 ("continuation or escalation of gaming") and gd4 ("gaming problems") had the strongest edge in the network. Conclusion The results suggest reciprocal relationships between GD, rumination, and sleep quality. Gender and left-behind experiences did not influence the reciprocal relationship between GD, rumination, and sleep quality during the late stage of COVID-19 pandemic. Using network analysis, the findings provide novel insights that rumination and sleep quality may have interacted with GD among Chinese students during the late stage of COVID-19 pandemic. Reducing or eliminating negative rumination may decrease GD and improve sleep quality. Moreover, good sleep quality contributes to positive rumination which may decrease the risk of GD among Chinese university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Ligang Liu
- School of Economics and Management, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhimin Niu
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Huahua Zhong
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Songli Mei
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Bhatt RR, Todorov S, Sood R, Ravichandran S, Kilpatrick LA, Peng N, Liu C, Vora PP, Jahanshad N, Gupta A. Integrated multi-modal brain signatures predict sex-specific obesity status. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad098. [PMID: 37091587 PMCID: PMC10116578 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigating sex as a biological variable is key to determine obesity manifestation and treatment response. Individual neuroimaging modalities have uncovered mechanisms related to obesity and altered ingestive behaviours. However, few, if any, studies have integrated data from multi-modal brain imaging to predict sex-specific brain signatures related to obesity. We used a data-driven approach to investigate how multi-modal MRI and clinical features predict a sex-specific signature of participants with high body mass index (overweight/obese) compared to non-obese body mass index in a sex-specific manner. A total of 78 high body mass index (55 female) and 105 non-obese body mass index (63 female) participants were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. All participants classified as high body mass index had a body mass index greater than 25 kg/m2 and non-obese body mass index had a body mass index between 19 and 20 kg/m2. Multi-modal neuroimaging (morphometry, functional resting-state MRI and diffusion-weighted scan), along with a battery of behavioural and clinical questionnaires were acquired, including measures of mood, early life adversity and altered ingestive behaviours. A Data Integration Analysis for Biomarker discovery using Latent Components was conducted to determine whether clinical features, brain morphometry, functional connectivity and anatomical connectivity could accurately differentiate participants stratified by obesity and sex. The derived models differentiated high body mass index against non-obese body mass index participants, and males with high body mass index against females with high body mass index obtaining balanced accuracies of 77 and 75%, respectively. Sex-specific differences within the cortico-basal-ganglia-thalamic-cortico loop, the choroid plexus-CSF system, salience, sensorimotor and default-mode networks were identified, and were associated with early life adversity, mental health quality and greater somatosensation. Results showed multi-modal brain signatures suggesting sex-specific cortical mechanisms underlying obesity, which fosters clinical implications for tailored obesity interventions based on sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi R Bhatt
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Svetoslav Todorov
- Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Riya Sood
- Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Soumya Ravichandran
- Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Lisa A Kilpatrick
- Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Newton Peng
- Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Cathy Liu
- Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Priten P Vora
- Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Arpana Gupta
- Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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Chen DR, Lin LY, Levin B. Differential pathways to disordered eating for immigrant and native adolescents in Taiwan. J Eat Disord 2023; 11:54. [PMID: 37013662 PMCID: PMC10071635 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00781-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated disparities in disordered eating between new immigrant and native adolescents in Taiwan. This study examines the differential pathways to disordered eating in these two populations. METHODS This cross-sectional study analyzed data collected from March to June 2019. In total, 729 adolescents aged between 13 and 16 years recruited from 37 classes in 3 middle schools in New Taipei City were included in the final analysis. Standardized assessment tools measured disordered eating (EAT-26) and psychological distress (BSRS-5). Generalized structural equation modeling was used to conduct the path analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of disordered eating was significantly higher in immigrant adolescents than in their native counterparts. Multipath models indicated that weight-teasing driven by overweight and obese status and weight overestimation could lead to disordered eating through psychological distress; however, the pathways differed for the two groups studied. Family weigh-teasing indirectly leads to disordered eating through psychological distress for native adolescents; by contrast, for immigrant adolescents, friend weigh-teasing indirectly leads to disordered eating through psychological distress. Additionally, weight overestimation directly leads to disordered eating and indirectly through psychological distress to disordered eating for immigrant adolescents. CONCLUSION This study offers a plausible explanation of the differences in the paths to disordered eating between immigrant and native adolescents in Taiwan, which was not reported previously. The study urges the need for school-based prevention programs to improve immigrant students' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duan-Rung Chen
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Room 636, No. 17, Xu-Zhou Rd., Taipei, 10055, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Yin Lin
- Department of Leisure Industry and Health Promotion, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, 365 MingDe Road, Beitou District, Taipei, 11219, Taiwan
| | - Brianna Levin
- School of Nursing at Johns Hopkins University, 525 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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45
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Eades ND, Kauffman BY, Bakhshaie J, Cardoso JB, Zvolensky MJ. Eating expectancies among trauma-exposed Latinx college students: The role of mindful attention. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:790-797. [PMID: 33830868 PMCID: PMC8809199 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1908304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Emergent research suggests that trauma-exposed Latinx college students are a particularly at-risk group for eating-related problems. For this reason, there is a need to further understand the cognitive processes that may underpin maladaptive eating among this vulnerable segment of the population. Participants: Participants included 304 trauma exposed Latinx college students (84.5% females; Mage = 22.8 years, SD = 5.79). Methods: The current study examined the role of mindful attention in relation to several distinct expectancies related to eating. Results: Results indicated that lower reported levels of mindful attention were associated with greater levels of expectancies of eating to help manage negative affect, expectancies that eating will alleviate boredom, and expectancies that eating will lead to feeling out of control. Conclusions: These findings suggest that it may be beneficial to assess for mindful attention among Latinx college students with a history of trauma exposure presenting with problematic eating behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha D. Eades
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, United States
| | | | - Jafar Bakhshaie
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Jodi Berger Cardoso
- Graduate College of Social Work, University of Houston, Houston, United States
- Health Institute, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Michael J. Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, United States
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
- Health Institute, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
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46
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Mitchell HG, King SA, Ginley MK, Foster KN, Hagemeier NE, Sevak RJ. Motives for nonmedical use of prescription stimulants in community college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-8. [PMID: 36862548 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2180997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The present study identified common motives for nonmedical use of prescription stimulants (NMUS) among community college (CC) students and examined behavioral and demographic correlates of certain motives. Participants: The survey was completed by 3,113 CC students (72.4% female; 81.7% White). Methods: Survey results from 10 CCs were evaluated. Results: NMUS was reported by 9% (n = 269) participants. The most common motive for NMUS was to "focus on studies or to improve academic performance" (67.5%) followed by to "have more energy" (52.4%). Females were more likely to report NMUS for weight loss, and males were more likely to report NMUS to experiment. The motive "to feel good or get high" was linked to polysubstance use. Conclusions: CC students report similar motives for NMUS to those commonly endorsed by 4-year university students. These findings may help identify CC students susceptible to risky substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah G Mitchell
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts & Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Shelby A King
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts & Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Meredith K Ginley
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts & Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kelly N Foster
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, College of Arts & Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Nicholas E Hagemeier
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Bill Gatton College of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Rajkumar J Sevak
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Bill Gatton College of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
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47
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The Pathological Activation of Microglia Is Modulated by Sexually Dimorphic Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054739. [PMID: 36902168 PMCID: PMC10003784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia are the primary immunocompetent cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Their ability to survey, assess and respond to perturbations in their local environment is critical in their role of maintaining CNS homeostasis in health and disease. Microglia also have the capability of functioning in a heterogeneous manner depending on the nature of their local cues, as they can become activated on a spectrum from pro-inflammatory neurotoxic responses to anti-inflammatory protective responses. This review seeks to define the developmental and environmental cues that support microglial polarization towards these phenotypes, as well as discuss sexually dimorphic factors that can influence this process. Further, we describe a variety of CNS disorders including autoimmune disease, infection, and cancer that demonstrate disparities in disease severity or diagnosis rates between males and females, and posit that microglial sexual dimorphism underlies these differences. Understanding the mechanism behind differential CNS disease outcomes between men and women is crucial in the development of more effective targeted therapies.
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48
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Wang Y, Ma Z, Lu S, Duan Z, Wilson A, Jia Y, Yang Y, Chen R. Associations between sex differences, eating disorder behaviors, physical and mental health, and self-harm among Chinese adolescents. J Eat Disord 2023; 11:30. [PMID: 36850005 PMCID: PMC9972801 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Eating Disorders (ED) result in impaired well-being, but there exist an insufficient number of studies that have focused on the influence of sex and sexual orientation disparities within ED behaviors. Thus, we aimed to investigate ED behaviors among male and female adolescents with different sexual orientations in a school sample to understand prevalence and correlates of different ED behaviors. METHOD Data was analysed from 11,440 Chinese school adolescents with a mean age of 14.74 years (SD = 1.46). Reported data was gathered on sociodemographic information including sexual orientation, ED behaviors, health factors (reported health, cognitive function), mental health factors (depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, non-suicidal self-injurious behavior), and social functioning (school bully victimization, and school bully perpetration). Logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations with ED behaviors, using the heterosexual orientation as the reference group as they are the majority. RESULTS Compared to female adolescents, male adolescents reported lower anxiety symptoms (t = - 12.39, p < 0.001, Cohen's d = - 0.233), were more likely to be the perpetrator of school bullying (χ2 = 190.61, p < 0.001, φ = 0.129), and reported a lower likelihood of taking dietary restriction (χ2 = 290.08, p < 0.001, φ = 0.160). Overall, the prevalence of dietary restriction presented sex disparities. Adolescents who reported no sexual attraction were less likely to engage in ED behaviors. Using heterosexual orientation as the reference group, the group who reported no sexual attraction was associated with lower risk in dietary restriction and purging in both male and female adolescents. Using the heterosexual orientation as the reference group, female sexual minority groups were at high risk of ED behaviors, with bisexual orientation and gay/lesbian orientation having a higher likelihood of engaging in objective binge eating. CONCLUSIONS The results revealed significant sex and sexual orientation differences of ED behaviors. The study suggests that adolescents is a period of sexuality development and could be critical for understanding adolescents' eating behaviors. It is important to guide adolescents to healthy eating during their development and considerations should be made by clinicians when creating interventions for ED behaviors among the different sex and sexual orientation groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Ma
- Computational Communication Collaboratory, School of Journalism and Communication, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Su Lu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Zhizhou Duan
- Preventive Health Service, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, 152 Aiguo Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Amanda Wilson
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Yinwei Jia
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Runsen Chen
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, No.30, Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China. .,Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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49
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Nelson JD, Martin LN, Izquierdo A, Kornienko O, Cuellar AE, Cheskin LJ, Fischer S. The role of discrimination and adverse childhood experiences in disordered eating. J Eat Disord 2023; 11:29. [PMID: 36850009 PMCID: PMC9969653 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00753-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In clinical research, there has been a call to move beyond individual psychosocial factors towards identifying cultural and social factors that inform mental health. Similar calls have been made in the eating disorders (ED) field underscoring the need to understand larger sociocultural influences on EDs. Discrimination is a social stressor that may influence mental health in similar ways to traumatic or adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Given the high rates of EDs and discrimination among marginalized groups, it is vital to understand the role of discrimination and ACEs as predictors of ED symptoms in these populations. The aim of this study is to examine how perceived discrimination predicts ED pathology when statistically adjusting for gender, race, and ACEs. METHODS The diverse study sample consisted of 331 undergraduate students from a longitudinal cohort study (ages 18-24; 66% female; 35% White/non-Hispanic). Participants completed measures of everyday discrimination, ACEs, and ED pathology. RESULTS Following adjustment for multiple statistical comparisons, the frequency of daily discrimination predicted all ED symptoms above and beyond history of ACEs. In follow-up analyses, number of reasons for discrimination predicted cognitive restraint and purging. Differences in ED symptomatology were found based on the reason for discrimination, gender, and race. Specifically, those who experienced weight discrimination endorsed higher scores on all ED symptoms, and those experiencing gender discrimination endorsed higher body dissatisfaction, cognitive restraint, and restriction. People of color endorsed higher restriction, while female participants endorsed higher scores on all ED symptom with the exception of cognitive restraint. CONCLUSION Discrimination is a salient risk factor for ED symptoms even when accounting for individuals' history of ACEs. Future research should utilize an intersectional approach to examine how perceived discrimination affects ED pathology over time. (Word count: 234).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian D Nelson
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA.
| | - Laura N Martin
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Alyssa Izquierdo
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Olga Kornienko
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Alison E Cuellar
- Department of Health Administration and Policy, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Lawrence J Cheskin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Sarah Fischer
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
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50
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Parker MN, Lavender JM, Schvey NA, Tanofsky-Kraff M. Practical Considerations for Using the Eating Disorder Examination Interview with Adolescents. Adolesc Health Med Ther 2023; 14:63-85. [PMID: 36860931 PMCID: PMC9969870 DOI: 10.2147/ahmt.s220102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 35 years after its initial publication, the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) remains one of the most widely used semi-structured interviews for assessing eating disorder diagnoses and symptomatology. Although the interview provides certain advantages over other common measurement approaches (ie, questionnaires), there are particular considerations regarding the EDE that warrant attention, including in its use with adolescents. The aims of this paper are therefore to: 1) provide a brief overview of the interview itself, as well as a description of its origin and underlying conceptual framework; 2) describe relevant factors for administering the interview with adolescents; 3) review potential limitations regarding use of the EDE with adolescents; 4) address considerations for using the EDE with pertinent subpopulations of adolescents who may experience distinct eating disorder symptoms and/or risk factors; and 5) discuss the integration of self-report questionnaires with the EDE. Advantages of using the EDE include the ability for interviewers to clarify complex concepts and mitigate inattentive responding, enhanced orientation to the interview timeframe to improve recall, increased diagnostic accuracy compared to questionnaires, and accounting for potentially salient external factors (eg, food/eating rules imposed by a parent/guardian). Limitations include more extensive training requirements, greater assessment burden, variable psychometric performance across subgroups, lack of items evaluating muscularity-oriented symptoms and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder diagnostic criteria, and lack of explicit consideration for salient risk factors other than weight and shape concerns (eg, food insecurity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan N Parker
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jason M Lavender
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA,Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR) Program, Bethesda, MD, USA,The Metis Foundation, San Antonio, TX, USA,Correspondence: Jason M Lavender, Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Program, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Building 17, Suite 2A, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA, Email
| | - Natasha A Schvey
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marian Tanofsky-Kraff
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA,Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA,Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (MiCOR) Program, Bethesda, MD, USA
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