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Nieto-Panqueva F, Vázquez-Acevedo M, Hamel PP, González-Halphen D. Identification of factors limiting the allotopic production of the Cox2 subunit of yeast cytochrome c oxidase. Genetics 2024; 227:iyae058. [PMID: 38626319 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyae058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial genes can be artificially relocalized in the nuclear genome in a process known as allotopic expression, such is the case of the mitochondrial cox2 gene, encoding subunit II of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO). In yeast, cox2 can be allotopically expressed and is able to restore respiratory growth of a cox2-null mutant if the Cox2 subunit carries the W56R substitution within the first transmembrane stretch. However, the COX2W56R strain exhibits reduced growth rates and lower steady-state CcO levels when compared to wild-type yeast. Here, we investigated the impact of overexpressing selected candidate genes predicted to enhance internalization of the allotopic Cox2W56R precursor into mitochondria. The overproduction of Cox20, Oxa1, and Pse1 facilitated Cox2W56R precursor internalization, improving the respiratory growth of the COX2W56R strain. Overproducing TIM22 components had a limited effect on Cox2W56R import, while overproducing TIM23-related components showed a negative effect. We further explored the role of the Mgr2 subunit within the TIM23 translocator in the import process by deleting and overexpressing the MGR2 gene. Our findings indicate that Mgr2 is instrumental in modulating the TIM23 translocon to correctly sort Cox2W56R. We propose a biogenesis pathway followed by the allotopically produced Cox2 subunit based on the participation of the 2 different structural/functional forms of the TIM23 translocon, TIM23MOTOR and TIM23SORT, that must follow a concerted and sequential mode of action to insert Cox2W56R into the inner mitochondrial membrane in the correct Nout-Cout topology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Nieto-Panqueva
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-243, 04510 D.F. (Mexico), México
| | - Miriam Vázquez-Acevedo
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-243, 04510 D.F. (Mexico), México
| | - Patrice P Hamel
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, 582 Aronoff laboratory, 318 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- School of BioScience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - Diego González-Halphen
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-243, 04510 D.F. (Mexico), México
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Koster CC, Kleefeldt AA, van den Broek M, Luttik M, Daran JM, Daran-Lapujade P. Long-read direct RNA sequencing of the mitochondrial transcriptome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals condition-dependent intron abundance. Yeast 2024; 41:256-278. [PMID: 37642136 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria fulfil many essential roles and have their own genome, which is expressed as polycistronic transcripts that undergo co- or posttranscriptional processing and splicing. Due to the inherent complexity and limited technical accessibility of the mitochondrial transcriptome, fundamental questions regarding mitochondrial gene expression and splicing remain unresolved, even in the model eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Long-read sequencing could address these fundamental questions. Therefore, a method for the enrichment of mitochondrial RNA and sequencing using Nanopore technology was developed, enabling the resolution of splicing of polycistronic genes and the quantification of spliced RNA. This method successfully captured the full mitochondrial transcriptome and resolved RNA splicing patterns with single-base resolution and was applied to explore the transcriptome of S. cerevisiae grown with glucose or ethanol as the sole carbon source, revealing the impact of growth conditions on mitochondrial RNA expression and splicing. This study uncovered a remarkable difference in the turnover of Group II introns between yeast grown in either mostly fermentative or fully respiratory conditions. Whether this accumulation of introns in glucose medium has an impact on mitochondrial functions remains to be explored. Combined with the high tractability of the model yeast S. cerevisiae, the developed method enables to monitor mitochondrial transcriptome responses in a broad range of relevant contexts, including oxidative stress, apoptosis and mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte C Koster
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Askar A Kleefeldt
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel van den Broek
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke Luttik
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Marc Daran
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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Mateo-Otero Y, Llavanera M, Torres-Garrido M, Yeste M. Embryo development is impaired by sperm mitochondrial-derived ROS. Biol Res 2024; 57:5. [PMID: 38287386 PMCID: PMC10825979 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-024-00483-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basal energetic metabolism in sperm, particularly oxidative phosphorylation, is known to condition not only their oocyte fertilising ability, but also the subsequent embryo development. While the molecular pathways underlying these events still need to be elucidated, reactive oxygen species (ROS) could have a relevant role. We, therefore, aimed to describe the mechanisms through which mitochondrial activity can influence the first stages of embryo development. RESULTS We first show that embryo development is tightly influenced by both intracellular ROS and mitochondrial activity. In addition, we depict that the inhibition of mitochondrial activity dramatically decreases intracellular ROS levels. Finally, we also demonstrate that the inhibition of mitochondrial respiration positively influences sperm DNA integrity, most likely because of the depletion of intracellular ROS formation. CONCLUSION Collectively, the data presented in this work reveals that impairment of early embryo development may result from the accumulation of sperm DNA damage caused by mitochondrial-derived ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yentel Mateo-Otero
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, ES-17003, Spain.
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, ES- 17003, Spain.
| | - Marc Llavanera
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, ES-17003, Spain
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, ES- 17003, Spain
| | - Marc Torres-Garrido
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, ES-17003, Spain
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, ES- 17003, Spain
| | - Marc Yeste
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, ES-17003, Spain
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, ES- 17003, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, ES-08010, Spain
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Sun X, Bulekova K, Yang J, Lai M, Pitsillides AN, Liu X, Zhang Y, Guo X, Yong Q, Raffield LM, Rotter JI, Rich SS, Abecasis G, Carson AP, Vasan RS, Bis JC, Psaty BM, Boerwinkle E, Fitzpatrick AL, Satizabal CL, Arking DE, Ding J, Levy D, Liu C. Association analysis of mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmic variants: methods and application. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.01.12.24301233. [PMID: 38260412 PMCID: PMC10802757 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.12.24301233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
We rigorously assessed a comprehensive association testing framework for heteroplasmy, employing both simulated and real-world data. This framework employed a variant allele fraction (VAF) threshold and harnessed multiple gene-based tests for robust identification and association testing of heteroplasmy. Our simulation studies demonstrated that gene-based tests maintained an appropriate type I error rate at α=0.001. Notably, when 5% or more heteroplasmic variants within a target region were linked to an outcome, burden-extension tests (including the adaptive burden test, variable threshold burden test, and z-score weighting burden test) outperformed the sequence kernel association test (SKAT) and the original burden test. Applying this framework, we conducted association analyses on whole-blood derived heteroplasmy in 17,507 individuals of African and European ancestries (31% of African Ancestry, mean age of 62, with 58% women) with whole genome sequencing data. We performed both cohort- and ancestry-specific association analyses, followed by meta-analysis on both pooled samples and within each ancestry group. Our results suggest that mtDNA-encoded genes/regions are likely to exhibit varying rates in somatic aging, with the notably strong associations observed between heteroplasmy in the RNR1 and RNR2 genes (p<0.001) and advance aging by the Original Burden test. In contrast, SKAT identified significant associations (p<0.001) between diabetes and the aggregated effects of heteroplasmy in several protein-coding genes. Further research is warranted to validate these findings. In summary, our proposed statistical framework represents a valuable tool for facilitating association testing of heteroplasmy with disease traits in large human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbang Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Katia Bulekova
- Research Computing Services, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Meng Lai
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | | | - Xue Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Yuankai Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Qian Yong
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, NIA/NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Laura M. Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Stephen S. Rich
- Department of Public Health Services, Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Goncalo Abecasis
- TOPMed Informatics Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - April P. Carson
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- Sections of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, and Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, NHLBI/NIH, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Departments of Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Annette L. Fitzpatrick
- Departments of Family Medicine, Epidemiology, and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Claudia L. Satizabal
- Framingham Heart Study, NHLBI/NIH, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Dan E. Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute, Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Framingham Heart Study, NHLBI/NIH, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, NHLBI/NIH, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
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Yu H, Ning N, He F, Xu J, Zhao H, Duan S, Zhao Y. Targeted Delivery of Geraniol via Hyaluronic Acid-Conjugation Enhances Its Anti-Tumor Activity Against Prostate Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:155-169. [PMID: 38204602 PMCID: PMC10778230 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s444815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Targeted delivery systems have been developed to improve cancer treatment by reducing side effects and enhancing drug efficacy. Geraniol, a natural product, has demonstrated promising anti-cancer effects in various cancer types, including prostate cancer, which is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men. Hyaluronic acid (HA), a natural carrier targeting CD44-positive prostate cancer cells, can be utilized in a targeted delivery system. Purpose This study investigated the efficacy of a conjugate of HA and geraniol linked via a disulfide bond linker (HA-SS-Geraniol) in prostate cancer. Materials and Methods The cytotoxicity of HA-SS-Geraniol was evaluated on human PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Flow cytometry was used to assess its effects on mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest. Additionally, proteomic analysis was conducted to explore the underlying mechanism of action induced by HA-SS-Geraniol treatment. A subcutaneous xenograft tumor model was established in nude mice to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of HA-SS-Geraniol in vivo. Results The results demonstrated that HA-SS-Geraniol exhibited potent cytotoxicity against PC-3 prostate cancer cells by inducing mitochondrial membrane potential loss and apoptosis in vitro. The proteomic analysis further supported the hypothesis that HA-SS-Geraniol induces cell death through mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, as evidenced by differential protein expression. The in vivo mouse model confirmed the safety of HA-SS-Geraniol and its ability to inhibit tumor growth. Conclusion HA-SS-Geraniol holds promise as a biologically safe and potentially effective therapeutic agent for prostate cancer treatment. Its targeted delivery system utilizing HA as a carrier shows potential for improving the efficacy of geraniol in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yu
- College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325060, People’s Republic of China
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory for Applied Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Informatics, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325060, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325060, People’s Republic of China
- Dorothy and George Hennings College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Kean University, Union, NJ, 07083, USA
| | - Na Ning
- College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325060, People’s Republic of China
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory for Applied Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Informatics, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325060, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fujin He
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiao Xu
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Han Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaofeng Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, People’s Republic of China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunqi Zhao
- College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325060, People’s Republic of China
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory for Applied Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Informatics, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325060, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325060, People’s Republic of China
- Dorothy and George Hennings College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Kean University, Union, NJ, 07083, USA
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Farhadi A, Tang S, Huang M, Yu Q, Xu C, Li E. Identification of key overlapping DEGs and molecular pathways under multiple stressors in the liver of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2023; 48:101152. [PMID: 37918170 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The identification of key genes and molecular pathways that are involved in the response to stressors is crucial for controlling stress in fish and sustainable aquaculture. Environmental stressors can induce stress responses in aquatic animals, resulting in compromised immune function, inhibited growth, and increased mortality rates. mRNA-seq analysis provides a powerful tool to identify key genes and pathways associated with stress response. In the present study, mRNA-seq analysis was employed to identify key overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and molecular pathways under salinity, nitrite, copper, and pH stress in the liver of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The pathways associated with the immune response, oxygen transport, homeostasis, and oxidative stress were enriched across all stressors. The top KEGG pathways were complement and coagulation cascades, PPAR signaling pathway, and cardiac muscle contraction. The top GO enrichment terms were oxidoreductase activity, aerobic respiration, endopeptidase inhibitor activity, endopeptidase regulator activity, heme binding, and iron ion binding. The complement genes (C3, C4, C5, factor B, and factor H), alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M), hemoglobin subunit epsilon (HBE), hemoglobin subunit alpha (HBA), coagulation factor genes (XI and X) and the cytochrome c oxidase (COX) gene family (cox1, cox2, cox3, cytochrome P450) were identified as key shared genes across multiple stressors. The discovery of these genes and molecular pathways provided a better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the stress response in Nile tilapia. The results of the present study can facilitate the development of stress management strategies in Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardavan Farhadi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Shangshang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Maoxian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Qiuran Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Erchao Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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Behind the Curtain: In Silico and In Vitro Experiments Brought to Light New Insights into the Anticryptococcal Action of Synthetic Peptides. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12010153. [PMID: 36671354 PMCID: PMC9854638 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is the pathogen responsible for cryptococcal pneumonia and meningitis, mainly affecting patients with suppressed immune systems. We have previously revealed the mechanism of anticryptococcal action of synthetic antimicrobial peptides (SAMPs). In this study, computational and experimental analyses provide new insights into the mechanisms of action of SAMPs. Computational analysis revealed that peptides interacted with the PHO36 membrane receptor of C. neoformans. Additionally, ROS (reactive oxygen species) overproduction, the enzymes of ROS metabolism, interference in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway, and decoupling of cytochrome c mitochondrial membrane were evaluated. Three of four peptides were able to interact with the PHO36 receptor, altering its function and leading to ROS overproduction. SAMPs-treated C. neoformans cells showed a decrease in scavenger enzyme activity, supporting ROS accumulation. In the presence of ascorbic acid, an antioxidant agent, SAMPs did not induce ROS accumulation in C. neoformans cells. Interestingly, two SAMPs maintained inhibitory activity and membrane pore formation in C. neoformans cells by a ROS-independent mechanism. Yet, the ergosterol biosynthesis and lactate dehydrogenase activity were affected by SAMPs. In addition, we noticed decoupling of Cyt c from the mitochondria, which led to apoptosis events in the cryptococcal cells. The results presented herein suggest multiple mechanisms imposed by SAMPs against C. neoformans interfering in the development of resistance, thus revealing the potential of SAMPs in treating infections caused by C. neoformans.
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Camarero MC, Briegas B, Corbacho J, Labrador J, Gallardo M, Gomez-Jimenez MC. Characterization of Transcriptome Dynamics during Early Fruit Development in Olive ( Olea europaea L.). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24020961. [PMID: 36674474 PMCID: PMC9864153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the olive (Olea europaea L.), an economically leading oil crop worldwide, fruit size and yield are determined by the early stages of fruit development. However, few detailed analyses of this stage of fruit development are available. This study offers an extensive characterization of the various processes involved in early olive fruit growth (cell division, cell cycle regulation, and cell expansion). For this, cytological, hormonal, and transcriptional changes characterizing the phases of early fruit development were analyzed in olive fruit of the cv. 'Picual'. First, the surface area and mitotic activity (by flow cytometry) of fruit cells were investigated during early olive fruit development, from 0 to 42 days post-anthesis (DPA). The results demonstrate that the cell division phase extends up to 21 DPA, during which the maximal proportion of 4C cells in olive fruits was reached at 14 DPA, indicating that intensive cell division was activated in olive fruits at that time. Subsequently, fruit cell expansion lasted as long as 3 weeks more before endocarp lignification. Finally, the molecular mechanisms controlling the early fruit development were investigated by analyzing the transcriptome of olive flowers at anthesis (fruit set) as well as olive fruits at 14 DPA (cell division phase) and at 28 DPA (cell expansion phase). Sequential induction of the cell cycle regulating genes is associated with the upregulation of genes involved in cell wall remodeling and ion fluxes, and with a shift in plant hormone metabolism and signaling genes during early olive fruit development. This occurs together with transcriptional activity of subtilisin-like protease proteins together with transcription factors potentially involved in early fruit growth signaling. This gene expression profile, together with hormonal regulators, offers new insights for understanding the processes that regulate cell division and expansion, and ultimately fruit yield and olive size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C. Camarero
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, University of Extremadura, Avda de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Beatriz Briegas
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, University of Extremadura, Avda de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Jorge Corbacho
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, University of Extremadura, Avda de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Juana Labrador
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, University of Extremadura, Avda de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gallardo
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Maria C. Gomez-Jimenez
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, University of Extremadura, Avda de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Adzigbli L, Sokolov EP, Wimmers K, Sokolova IM, Ponsuksili S. Effects of hypoxia and reoxygenation on mitochondrial functions and transcriptional profiles of isolated brain and muscle porcine cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19881. [PMID: 36400902 PMCID: PMC9674649 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24386-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen fluctuations might occur in mammalian tissues under physiological (e.g. at high altitudes) or pathological (e.g. ischemia-reperfusion) conditions. Mitochondria are the key target and potential amplifiers of hypoxia-reoxygenation (H-R) stress. Understanding the mitochondrial responses to H-R stress is important for identifying adaptive mechanisms and potential therapeutic solutions for pathologies associated with oxygen fluctuations. We explored metabolic response to H-R stress in two tissue types (muscle and brain) with different degrees of hypoxia tolerance in a domestic pig Sus scrofa focusing on the cellular responses independent of the systemic regulatory mechanisms. Isolated cells from the skeletal muscle (masseter) and brain (thalamus) were exposed to acute short-term (15 min) hypoxia followed by reoxygenation. The mitochondrial oxygen consumption, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production rates and transcriptional profiles of hypoxia-responsive mRNA and miRNA were determined. Mitochondria of the porcine brain cells showed a decrease in the resting respiration and ATP synthesis capacity whereas the mitochondria from the muscle cells showed robust respiration and less susceptibility to H-R stress. ROS production was not affected by the short-term H-R stress in the brain or muscle cells. Transcriptionally, prolyl hydroxylase domain protein EGLN3 was upregulated during hypoxia and suppressed during reoxygenation in porcine muscle cells. The decline in EGLN3 mRNA during reoxygenation was accompanied by an upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor subunit α (HIF1A) transcripts in the muscle cells. However, in the brain cells, HIF1A mRNA levels were suppressed during reoxygenation. Other functionally important transcripts and miRNAs involved in antioxidant response, apoptosis, inflammation, and substrate oxidation were also differentially expressed between the muscle and brain cells. Suppression of miRNA levels during acute intermittent hypoxia was stronger in the brain cells affecting ~ 55% of all studied miRNA transcripts than in the muscle cells (~ 25% of miRNA) signifying transcriptional derepression of the respective mRNA targets. Our study provides insights into the potential molecular and physiological mechanisms contributing to different hypoxia sensitivity of the studied tissues and can serve as a starting point to better understand the biological processes associated with hypoxia stress, e.g. during ischemia and reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Adzigbli
- grid.418188.c0000 0000 9049 5051Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Genome Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany ,grid.10493.3f0000000121858338Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Eugene P. Sokolov
- grid.423940.80000 0001 2188 0463Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Leibniz Science Campus Phosphorus Research, Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
| | - Klaus Wimmers
- grid.418188.c0000 0000 9049 5051Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Genome Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Inna M. Sokolova
- grid.10493.3f0000000121858338Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany ,grid.10493.3f0000000121858338Department of Maritime Systems, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Siriluck Ponsuksili
- grid.418188.c0000 0000 9049 5051Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Genome Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
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10
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Piatek M, O'Beirne C, Beato Z, Tacke M, Kavanagh K. Exposure of Candida parapsilosis to the silver(I) compound SBC3 induces alterations in the proteome and reduced virulence. Metallomics 2022; 14:6617997. [PMID: 35751649 PMCID: PMC9348618 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfac046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The antimicrobial properties of silver have been exploited for many centuries and continue to gain interest in the fight against antimicrobial drug resistance. The broad-spectrum activity and low toxicity of silver have led to its incorporation into a wide range of novel antimicrobial agents, including N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes. The antimicrobial activity and in vivo efficacy of the NHC silver(I) acetate complex SBC3, derived from 1,3-dibenzyl-4,5-diphenylimidazol-2-ylidene (NHC*), have previously been demonstrated, although the mode(s) of action of SBC3 remains to be fully elucidated. Label-free quantitative proteomics was applied to analyse changes in protein abundance in the pathogenic yeast Candida parapsilosis in response to SBC3 treatment. An increased abundance of proteins associated with detoxification and drug efflux were indicative of a cell stress response, whilst significant decreases in proteins required for protein and amino acid biosynthesis offer potential insight into the growth-inhibitory mechanisms of SBC3. Guided by the proteomic findings and the prolific biofilm and adherence capabilities of C. parapsilosis, our studies have shown the potential of SBC3 in reducing adherence to epithelial cells and biofilm formation and hence decrease fungal virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Piatek
- SSPC Pharma Research Centre, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Cillian O'Beirne
- School of School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Stillorgan, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Zoe Beato
- School of School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Stillorgan, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Matthias Tacke
- School of School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Stillorgan, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Kevin Kavanagh
- SSPC Pharma Research Centre, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
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11
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Yang X, Wang N, Ren S, Hu Y, Wang H, Ji A, Cao L, Li M, Liu J, Wang H. Phosphorylation regulation of cardiac proteins in Babesia microti infected mice in an effort to restore heart function. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:98. [PMID: 35313969 PMCID: PMC8935697 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05233-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Babesia is a common protozoan parasite that infects red blood cells. In mice infected with Babesia microti, the red blood cells were lysed, resulting in decreased oxygen-carrying capacity. To compensate for low blood oxygen levels, stress on the heart was greatly increased. Babesiosis induces a variety of pathologies; meanwhile, heart tissues initiate self-repair responses to babesiosis-induced tissue damage to restore heart function. Methods To discover the molecular mechanisms of the damage and self-repair in the heart after B. microti infection in mice, we investigated the changes in protein expression and phosphorylation modification levels in heart tissues at 0, 5, 8, 11, and 19 days post-infection using data-independent acquisition (DIA) quantitative proteomics. Results The numbers of global proteins we identified were 1934, 1966, 1984, 1989, and 1955 and of phosphopeptides were 5118, 5133, 5130, 5133, and 5140 at 0, 5, 8, 11, and 19 days, respectively, in heart cells after infection with B. microti. The results showed that after B. microti infection the differentially expressed proteins in mice mainly include fibrinogen α (Fgα), fibrinogen β (Fgβ), Serpina1b, Serpina1c, cathepsin Z, cytochrome c oxidases (COXs), RPS11, and RPS20. The proteins with phosphorylation changes mainly include 20-kDa light chain of myosin II (MLC20), myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14), and Akt1. These proteins were mainly involved in coagulation processes, cell apoptosis, oxidative phosphorylation, and ribosomes. Conclusions The coagulation cascade-related proteins, apoptosis-related proteins, oxidative phosphorylation-related proteins, and other types of proteins are all involved in the damage and self-repair process in the heart after B. microti infection. These results offer a wealth of new targets for further exploration into the causes of heart disease induced by Babesia infection and are of great significance for novel drug development and new opportunities for targeted therapies. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05233-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ningmei Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shuguang Ren
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yuhong Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Instrumental Analysis Center, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Han Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Aimeng Ji
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lihui Cao
- Animal Disease Control Center of Zhengding County, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Mengxue Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jingze Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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12
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Hu MM, Zheng WY, Cheng MH, Song ZY, Shaukat H, Atta M, Qin H. Sesamol Reverses Myofiber-Type Conversion in Obese States via Activating the SIRT1/AMPK Signal Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2253-2264. [PMID: 35166533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c08036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Obesity can evoke changes of skeletal muscle structure and function, which are characterized by the conversion of myofiber from type I to type II, leading to a vicious cycle of metabolic disorders. Reversing the muscle fiber-type conversion in obese states is a novel strategy for treating those with obesity. Sesamol, a food ingredient compound isolated from sesame seeds, exerted potential antiobesity effects. The present research aimed to explore the therapeutic effects of sesamol on obesity-related skeletal muscle-fiber-type conversion and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms through utilizing a high-fat-diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice model and palmitic acid-exposed C2C12 myotubes. The results showed that sesamol attenuated obesity-related metabolic disturbances, elevated exercise endurance of obese mice, and decreased lipid accumulation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. After the treatment with sesamol, the muscular mitochondrial content and biogenesis were increased, accompanied by the enzyme activities and myosin heavy-chain isoform changed from type II fiber to type I fiber. Mechanistic studies revealed that the effects of sesamol on reversing skeletal muscle-fiber-type conversion in obese states were associated with the stimulation of the muscular sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signal pathway, and these effects could be inhibited by a specific inhibitor of SIRT1, EX-527. In conclusion, our research provided novel evidence that sesamol could regulate myofiber-type conversion to treat obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders by stimulating the muscular SIRT1/AMPK signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Min Hu
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province China
| | - Wen-Ya Zheng
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province China
| | - Ming-Hui Cheng
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province China
| | - Zi-Yu Song
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province China
| | - Horia Shaukat
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province China
| | - Mahnoor Atta
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province China
| | - Hong Qin
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province China
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13
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Hashem M, Wu Y, Dunn JF. Quantification of cytochrome c oxidase and tissue oxygenation using CW-NIRS in a mouse cerebral cortex. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:7632-7656. [PMID: 35003857 PMCID: PMC8713667 DOI: 10.1364/boe.435532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We provide a protocol for measuring the absolute concentration of the oxidized and reduced state of cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) in the cerebral cortex of mice, using broadband continuous-wave NIRS. The algorithm (NIR-AQUA) allows for absolute quantification of CCO and deoxyhemoglobin. Combined with an anoxia pulse, this also allows for quantification of total hemoglobin, and tissue oxygen saturation. CCO in the cortex was 4.9 ± 0.1 μM (mean ± SD, n=6). In normoxia, 84% of CCO was oxidized. We include hypoxia and cyanide validation studies to show CCO can be quantified independently to hemoglobin. This can be applied to study oxidative metabolism in the many rodent models of neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mada Hashem
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1, Canada
- Experimental Imaging Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1, Canada
- Experimental Imaging Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jeff F. Dunn
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1, Canada
- Experimental Imaging Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1, Canada
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14
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Verma Y, Mehra U, Pandey DK, Kar J, Pérez-Martinez X, Jana SS, Datta K. MRX8, the conserved mitochondrial YihA GTPase family member, is required for de novo Cox1 synthesis at suboptimal temperatures in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:ar16. [PMID: 34432493 PMCID: PMC8693954 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-07-0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of Cox1, the conserved catalytic-core subunit of Complex IV, a multisubunit machinery of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system under environmental stress, has not been sufficiently addressed. In this study, we show that the putative YihA superfamily GTPase, Mrx8, is a bona fide mitochondrial protein required for Cox1 translation initiation and elongation during suboptimal growth condition at 16°C. Mrx8 was found in a complex with mitochondrial ribosomes, consistent with a role in protein synthesis. Cells expressing mutant Mrx8 predicted to be defective in guanine nucleotide binding and hydrolysis were compromised for robust cellular respiration. We show that the requirement of Pet309 and Mss51 for cellular respiration is not bypassed by overexpression of Mrx8 and vice versa. Consistently the ribosomal association of Mss51 is independent of Mrx8. Significantly, we find that GTPBP8, the human orthologue, complements the loss of cellular respiration in Δmrx8 cells and GTPBP8 localizes to the mitochondria in mammalian cells. This strongly suggests a universal role of the MRX8 family of proteins in regulating mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash Verma
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Upasana Mehra
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | | | - Joy Kar
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Xochitl Pérez-Martinez
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Siddhartha S Jana
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Kaustuv Datta
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
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15
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Wang ST, Ning HQ, Feng LH, Wang YY, Li YQ, Mo HZ. Oxidative phosphorylation system as the target of glycinin basic peptide against Aspergillus niger. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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16
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Lyu AR, Kim TH, Shin SA, Kim EH, Yu Y, Gajbhiye A, Kwon HC, Je AR, Huh YH, Park MJ, Park YH. Hearing Impairment in a Mouse Model of Diabetes Is Associated with Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Synaptopathy, and Activation of the Intrinsic Apoptosis Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168807. [PMID: 34445504 PMCID: PMC8395823 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although previous studies continuously report an increased risk of hearing loss in diabetes patients, the impact of the disease on the inner ear remains unexplored. Herein, we examine the pathophysiology of diabetes-associated hearing impairment and cochlear synaptopathy in a mouse model of diabetes. Male B6.BKS(D)-Leprdb/J (db/db, diabetes) and heterozygote (db/+, control) mice were assigned into each experimental group (control vs. diabetes) based on the genotype and tested for hearing sensitivity every week from 6 weeks of age. Each cochlea was collected for histological and biological assays at 14 weeks of age. The diabetic mice exerted impaired hearing and a reduction in cochlear blood flow and C-terminal-binding protein 2 (CtBP2, a presynaptic ribbon marker) expression. Ultrastructural images revealed severely damaged mitochondria from diabetic cochlea accompanied by a reduction in Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 (COX4) and CR6-interacting factor 1 (CRIF1). The diabetic mice presented significantly decreased levels of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1), B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2), and procaspase-9, but not procaspase-8. Importantly, significant changes were not found in necroptotic programmed cell death markers (receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1, RIPK1; RIPK3; and mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase, MLKL) between the groups. Taken together, diabetic hearing loss is accompanied by synaptopathy, microangiopathy, damage to the mitochondrial structure/function, and activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Our results imply that mitochondrial dysfunction is deeply involved in diabetic hearing loss, and further suggests the potential benefits of therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah-Ra Lyu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (A.-R.L.); (E.-H.K.); (Y.Y.)
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (A.G.); (H.-C.K.)
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- Biomedical Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Sun-Ae Shin
- Brain Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Eung-Hyub Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (A.-R.L.); (E.-H.K.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (A.-R.L.); (E.-H.K.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Akanksha Gajbhiye
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (A.G.); (H.-C.K.)
| | - Hyuk-Chan Kwon
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (A.G.); (H.-C.K.)
| | - A Reum Je
- Electron Microscopy Research Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea; (A.R.J.); (Y.H.H.)
| | - Yang Hoon Huh
- Electron Microscopy Research Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea; (A.R.J.); (Y.H.H.)
| | - Min Jung Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (A.-R.L.); (E.-H.K.); (Y.Y.)
- Brain Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.J.P.); (Y.-H.P.)
| | - Yong-Ho Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (A.-R.L.); (E.-H.K.); (Y.Y.)
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (A.G.); (H.-C.K.)
- Biomedical Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Brain Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.J.P.); (Y.-H.P.)
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17
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Zhou S, Pettersson P, Björck ML, Dawitz H, Brzezinski P, Mäler L, Ädelroth P. NMR structural analysis of the yeast cytochrome c oxidase subunit Cox13 and its interaction with ATP. BMC Biol 2021; 19:98. [PMID: 33971868 PMCID: PMC8111780 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-021-01036-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial respiration is organized in a series of enzyme complexes in turn forming dynamic supercomplexes. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker’s yeast), Cox13 (CoxVIa in mammals) is a conserved peripheral subunit of Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase, CytcO), localized at the interface of dimeric bovine CytcO, which has been implicated in the regulation of the complex. Results Here, we report the solution NMR structure of Cox13, which forms a dimer in detergent micelles. Each Cox13 monomer has three short helices (SH), corresponding to disordered regions in X-ray or cryo-EM structures of homologous proteins. Dimer formation is mainly induced by hydrophobic interactions between the transmembrane (TM) helix of each monomer. Furthermore, an analysis of chemical shift changes upon addition of ATP revealed that ATP binds at a conserved region of the C terminus with considerable conformational flexibility. Conclusions Together with functional analysis of purified CytcO, we suggest that this ATP interaction is inhibitory of catalytic activity. Our results shed light on the structural flexibility of an important subunit of yeast CytcO and provide structure-based insight into how ATP could regulate mitochondrial respiration. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-021-01036-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Current address: High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Pontus Pettersson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markus L Björck
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hannah Dawitz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Brzezinski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Mäler
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Pia Ädelroth
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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18
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Gautam S, Kumar U, Kumar M, Rana D, Dada R. Yoga improves mitochondrial health and reduces severity of autoimmune inflammatory arthritis: A randomized controlled trial. Mitochondrion 2021; 58:147-159. [PMID: 33741520 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress (OS) and mitochondrial alterations have been implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Various environmental triggers like air pollutants, smoking, unhealthy social habits and sedentary lifestyle induce OS, which may compromise mitochondrial integrity. This trial was designed to explore the effect of 8-weeks yoga practice on mitochondrial health and disease severity in an active RA group compared with a usual-care control group. METHODS A total of 70 subjects were randomized into two groups: yoga group and non-yoga group. Mitochondrial health was assessed by calculation of mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN), OS markers, mitochondrial activity, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), circadian rhythm markers and transcripts associated with mitochondrial integrity: AMPK, TIMP-1, KLOTHO, SIRT-1, and TFAM. Parameters of disease activity and disability quotient were also assessed by disease activity score - erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) and health assessment questionnaire-disability index (HAQ-DI), respectively. RESULTS In yoga group, there was a significant upregulation of mtDNA-CN, mitochondrial activity markers, ΔΨm, and transcripts that maintain mitochondrial integrity after 8-weeks of yoga. There was optimization of OS markers, and circadian rhythm markers post 8-weeks practice of yoga. Yoga group participants showed significant improvements in DAS28-ESR (p < 0.05) and HAQ-DI (p < 0.05) over the non-yoga group. CONCLUSION Adoption of yoga by RA patients holds the key to enhance mitochondrial health, improve circadian rhythm markers, OS marker regulation, upregulation of transcripts that maintain mitochondrial integrity, reduce disease activity and its associated consequences on health outcome and hence can be beneficial as an adjunct therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Gautam
- Laboratory for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Uma Kumar
- Department of Rheumatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Laboratory for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deeksha Rana
- Laboratory for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rima Dada
- Laboratory for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Cytochrome c oxidase deficiency. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1862:148335. [PMID: 33171185 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) deficiency is characterized by a high degree of genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity, partly reflecting the extreme structural complexity, multiple post-translational modification, variable, tissue-specific composition, and the high number of and intricate connections among the assembly factors of this enzyme. In fact, decreased COX specific activity can manifest with different degrees of severity, affect the whole organism or specific tissues, and develop a wide spectrum of disease natural history, including disease onsets ranging from birth to late adulthood. More than 30 genes have been linked to COX deficiency, but the list is still incomplete and in fact constantly updated. We here discuss the current knowledge about COX in health and disease, focusing on genetic aetiology and link to clinical manifestations. In addition, information concerning either fundamental biological features of the enzymes or biochemical signatures of its defects have been provided by experimental in vivo models, including yeast, fly, mouse and fish, which expanded our knowledge on the functional features and the phenotypical consequences of different forms of COX deficiency.
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20
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Abdelnour SA, Yang CY, Swelum AA, Abd El-Hack ME, Khafaga AF, Abdo M, Shang JH, Lu YQ. Molecular, functional, and cellular alterations of oocytes and cumulus cells induced by heat stress and shock in animals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:38472-38490. [PMID: 32767010 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10302-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Global warming is considered as the main environmental stress affecting ecosystems as well as physiological and biochemical characteristics, and survivability of living organisms. High temperature induces various stresses and causes reduction of fertility through reducing the oocyte developmental competence and alteration in surrounding cells' functions. This causes major economic loss to livestock creating a selective pressure on animals to the advantage of better adapted genotypes and to the detriment of others. In this review, a search in Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and SID databases until 2020 was conducted. Keywords which include heat stress, shock, high temperature, oocyte, cumulus, and animals were investigated. Studies have exhibited that heat stress can disturb the development and function of oocyte and cumulus cells (CCs) concerning reproductive efficiency. Heat stress has deleterious consequences on oocyte maturation and development via reduced number of polar body extrusion, adenosine monophosphate, and guanosine monophosphate synthesis. Heat stress caused the alteration of cytoplasmic and nuclear features as well as trans-zonal projections and gap junctions. In addition, heat stress is accompanied with reduced mitochondrial activity (copy mDNA number, distribution, and membrane potential) in cumulus-oocyte complexes. This review targets the description of results in the most recent studies that aimed to call attention to the influences of heat stress on molecular, functional, and cellular changes in oocytes and CCs in animals to design evidence on the acting mechanisms as the core of this problem from a comparative review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh A Abdelnour
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction Technology, Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530001, People's Republic of China
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Chun-Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction Technology, Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Asmaa F Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdo
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Jiang-Hua Shang
- Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction Technology, Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang-Qing Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China.
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21
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A phytoestrogen secoisolariciresinol diglucoside induces browning of white adipose tissue and activates non-shivering thermogenesis through AMPK pathway. Pharmacol Res 2020; 158:104852. [PMID: 32438038 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) is the main phytoestrogen component of flaxseed known as an antioxidant. Current study focused on the effect of SDG in white adipose tissue (WAT) browning. Browning of WAT is considered as a promising treatment strategy for metabolic diseases. To demonstrate the effect of SDG as an inducer of browning, brown adipocyte markers were investigated in inguinal WAT (iWAT) of high fat diet-fed obese mice and genetically obese db/db mice after SDG administration. SDG increased thermogenic factors such as uncoupling protein 1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha and PR domain containing 16 in iWAT and brown adipose tissue (BAT) of mice. Similar results were shown in beige-induced 3T3-L1 adipocytes and primary cultured brown adipocytes. Furthermore, SDG increased factors of mitochondrial biogenesis and activation. We also observed SDG-induced alteration of AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα). As AMPKα is closely related in the regulation of adipogenesis and thermogenesis, we then evaluated the effect of SDG in AMPKα-inhibited conditions. Genetic or chemical inhibition of AMPKα demonstrated that the role of SDG on browning and thermogenesis was dependent on AMPKα signaling. In conclusion, our data suggest SDG as a potential candidate for improvement of obesity and other metabolic disorders.
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Mitochondrial Damage and Necroptosis in Aging Cochlea. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072505. [PMID: 32260310 PMCID: PMC7177801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is an irreversible, progressive neurodegenerative disorder and is presently untreatable. Previous studies using animal models have suggested mitochondrial damage and programmed cell death to be involved with ARHL. Thus, we further investigated the pathophysiologic role of mitochondria and necroptosis in aged C57BL/6J male mice. Aged mice (20 months old) exhibited a significant loss of hearing, number of hair cells, neuronal fibers, and synaptic ribbons compared to young mice. Ultrastructural analysis of aged cochleae revealed damaged mitochondria with absent or disorganized cristae. Aged mice also showed significant decrease in cochlear blood flow, and exhibited increase in gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 and 3 (RIPK1 and RIPK3) and the pseudokinase mixed-lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL). Immunofluorescence (IF) assays of cytochrome C oxidase I (COX1) confirmed mitochondrial dysfunction in aged cochleae, which correlated with the degree of mitochondrial morphological damage. IF assays also revealed localization and increased expression of RIPK3 in sensorineural tissues that underwent significant necroptosis (inner and outer hair cells and stria vascularis). Together, our data shows that the aging cochlea exhibits damaged mitochondria, enhanced synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines, and provides new evidence of necroptosis in the aging cochlea in in vivo.
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Wei SS, Niu WT, Zhai XT, Liang WQ, Xu M, Fan X, Lv TT, Xu WY, Bai JT, Jia N, Li B. Arabidopsis mtHSC70-1 plays important roles in the establishment of COX-dependent respiration and redox homeostasis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:5575-5590. [PMID: 31384929 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The 70 kDa heat shock proteins function as molecular chaperones and are involved in diverse cellular processes. However, the functions of the plant mitochondrial HSP70s (mtHSC70s) remain unclear. Severe growth defects were observed in the Arabidopsis thaliana mtHSC70-1 knockout lines, mthsc70-1a and mthsc70-1b. Conversely, the introduction of the mtHSC70-1 gene into the mthsc70-1a background fully reversed the phenotypes, indicating that mtHSC70-1 is essential for plant growth. The loss of mtHSC70-1 functions resulted in abnormal mitochondria and alterations to respiration because of an inhibition of the cytochrome c oxidase (COX) pathway and the activation of the alternative respiratory pathway. Defects in COX assembly were observed in the mtHSC70-1 knockout lines, leading to decreased COX activity. The mtHSC70-1 knockout plants have increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The introduction of the Mn-superoxide dismutase 1 (MSD1) or the catalase 1 (CAT1) gene into the mthsc70-1a plants decreased ROS levels, reduced the expression of alternative oxidase, and partially rescued growth. Taken together, our data suggest that mtHSC70-1 plays important roles in the establishment of COX-dependent respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Wei
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei-Tao Niu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Xingtai University, Xingtai, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Zhai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei-Qian Liang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiao Fan
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ting-Ting Lv
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wen-Yan Xu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiao-Teng Bai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ning Jia
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Abstract
Organisms from all kingdoms of life use iron-proteins in a multitude of functional processes. We applied a bioinformatics approach to investigate the human portfolio of iron-proteins. We separated iron-proteins based on the chemical nature of their metal-containing cofactors: individual iron ions, heme cofactors and iron-sulfur clusters. We found that about 2% of human genes encode an iron-protein. Of these, 35% are proteins binding individual iron ions, 48% are heme-binding proteins and 17% are iron-sulfur proteins. More than half of the human iron-proteins have a catalytic function. Indeed, we predict that 6.5% of all human enzymes are iron-dependent. This percentage is quite different for the various enzyme classes. Human oxidoreductases feature the largest fraction of iron-dependent family members (about 37%). The distribution of iron proteins in the various cellular compartments is uneven. In particular, the mitochondrion and the endoplasmic reticulum are enriched in iron-proteins with respect to the average content of the cell. Finally, we observed that genes encoding iron-proteins are more frequently associated to pathologies than the all other human genes on average. The present research provides an extensive overview of iron usage by the human proteome, and highlights several specific features of the physiological role of iron ions in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Andreini
- Magnetic Resonance Center, University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy.
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Vogt S, Irqsusi M, Naraghi H, Sattler A, Ruppert V, Weber P, Rhiel A, Ramzan R. Mitochondrial active and relaxed state respiration after heat shock mRNA response in the heart. J Therm Biol 2019; 80:106-112. [PMID: 30784473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Induction of Heat Shock Proteins results in cytoprotection. Beneficial effect results from transcription and translational cellular components' involvement that defends metabolism and thus induce ischemic protection of the tissue. Mitochondrial respiration is also involved in stress- induced conditions. It is not a uniform process. Cytochrome c Oxidase (CytOx) representing complex IV of the Electron Transfer Chain (ETC) has a regulatory role for mitochondrial respiratory activity, which is tested in our study after hsp induction. Moreover, protein translation for mitochondrial components was probed by the detection of MT-CO1 for Subunit 1 of CytOx neosynthesis. Wistar rats were subjected to whole-body hyperthermia at 42.0-42.5 °C for 15 min followed by a normothermic recovery period. Heat shock response was monitored time dependent from LV biopsies of all control and heat treated animals with PCR-analysis for hsp 32, 60, 70.1, 70.2, 90 and MT-CO1 expression at 15, 30, 45, 60, 120 and 360 min recovery (n = 5 in each group), respectively. Enzymatic activity of CytOx were evaluated polarographically. High energy phosphates were detected by chromatographic analysis. The mRNA expression of MT-CO1 peaked at 60 min and was accompanied by hsp 32 (r = 0.457; p = 0.037) and hsp 70.2 (r = 0.615; p = 0.003) upregulation. With hsp induction, mitochondrial respiration was increased initially. Enzymatic activity reconciled from active into relaxed status wherein CytOx activity was completely inhibited by ATP. Myocardial ATP content increased from stress induced point i.e. < 1 µmol g-1 protein w/w to finally 1.5 ± 0.53 µmol g-1 protein w/w at 120 min recovery interval. Hyperthermic, myocardial hsp- induction goes along with increased CytOx activity representing an increased "active" mitochondrial respiration. In parallel, de -novo holoenzyme assembly of CytOx begins as shown by MT-CO1 upregulation at 60 min recovery time crossing with a final return to the physiological "relaxed" state and ATP -inhibited respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Vogt
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Marburg und Giessen GmbH, Germany; Cardiovascular Research Lab, Biochemical Pharmacological Center, Philipps, University Marburg, Germany.
| | - Marc Irqsusi
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Marburg und Giessen GmbH, Germany
| | - Hamid Naraghi
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Marburg und Giessen GmbH, Germany
| | - Alexander Sattler
- Center for Internal Medicine, Cardiology, Universitätsklinikum Marburg und Giessen GmbH, Germany
| | - Volker Ruppert
- Center for Internal Medicine, Cardiology, Universitätsklinikum Marburg und Giessen GmbH, Germany
| | - Petra Weber
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Marburg und Giessen GmbH, Germany; Cardiovascular Research Lab, Biochemical Pharmacological Center, Philipps, University Marburg, Germany
| | - Annika Rhiel
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Marburg und Giessen GmbH, Germany; Cardiovascular Research Lab, Biochemical Pharmacological Center, Philipps, University Marburg, Germany
| | - Rabia Ramzan
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Marburg und Giessen GmbH, Germany; Cardiovascular Research Lab, Biochemical Pharmacological Center, Philipps, University Marburg, Germany
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26
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Scott C, de Souza FF, Aristizabal VHV, Hethrington L, Krisp C, Molloy M, Baker MA, Dell'Aqua JA. Proteomic profile of sex-sorted bull sperm evaluated by SWATH-MS analysis. Anim Reprod Sci 2018; 198:121-128. [PMID: 30274742 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The identification of distinct proteins present on the membrane of spermatozoa with X and Y chromosomes allows the development of immuno-sexing techniques. The aim of this study, therefore, was to use mass spectrometry to analyze the protein profile of sperm previously categorized using flow cytometry into X or Y-bearing semen pools. Sex-sorted sperm samples (n = 6 X and n = 6 Y) were used. Proteins were extracted and analyzed by mass spectrometry using data independent acquisition (DIA). The data were searched against taxonomy Bos taurus in the Swiss Prot database. In total, 459 protein groups were identified. Of these, eight proteins were in differential abundances between the X- and Y-bearing sperm population. Among the major proteinsdetected, EF-hand domain-containing protein 1, a protein involved in embryonic development, is more abundant in Y-bearing spermatozoa. In addition, proteins FUN14, domain-containing protein 2, NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7 mitochondrial, cytochrome C oxidase subunit 2, acetyl -CoA carboxylase type beta were more abundant in X-bearing sperm. In conclusion, there were differences in abundance of proteins between X- and Y-bearing bull spermatozoa. This fact, may contribute to future studies related to sperm physiology and possibility development of immuno-sexing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Scott
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Fabiana F de Souza
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Viviana H V Aristizabal
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Louise Hethrington
- Reproductive Science Group, Faculty of Science, University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - Christoph Krisp
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility (APAF), Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mark Molloy
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility (APAF), Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mark A Baker
- Reproductive Science Group, Faculty of Science, University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - José Antônio Dell'Aqua
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, Botucatu, Brazil.
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Rubalcava-Gracia D, Vázquez-Acevedo M, Funes S, Pérez-Martínez X, González-Halphen D. Mitochondrial versus nuclear gene expression and membrane protein assembly: the case of subunit 2 of yeast cytochrome c oxidase. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 29:820-833. [PMID: 29437907 PMCID: PMC5905295 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-09-0560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletion of the yeast mitochondrial gene COX2, encoding subunit 2 (mtCox2) of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), results in a respiratory-incompetent Δcox2 strain. For a cytosol-synthesized Cox2 to restore respiratory growth, it must carry the W56R mutation (cCox2W56R). Nevertheless, only a fraction of cCox2W56R is matured in mitochondria, allowing ∼60% steady-state accumulation of CcO. This can be attributed either to the point mutation or to an inefficient biogenesis of cCox2W56R. We generated a strain expressing the mutant protein mtCox2W56R inside mitochondria which should follow the canonical biogenesis of mitochondria-encoded Cox2. This strain exhibited growth rates, CcO steady-state levels, and CcO activity similar to those of the wild type; therefore, the efficiency of Cox2 biogenesis is the limiting step for successful allotopic expression. Upon coexpression of cCox2W56R and mtCox2, each protein assembled into CcO independently from its genetic origin, resulting in a mixed population of CcO with most complexes containing the mtCox2 version. Notably, the presence of the mtCox2 enhances cCox2W56R incorporation. We provide proof of principle that an allotopically expressed Cox2 may complement a phenotype due to a mutant mitochondrial COX2 gene. These results are relevant to developing a rational design of genes for allotopic expression intended to treat human mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Rubalcava-Gracia
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad México, D. F., Mexico
| | - Miriam Vázquez-Acevedo
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad México, D. F., Mexico
| | - Soledad Funes
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad México, D. F., Mexico
| | - Xochitl Pérez-Martínez
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad México, D. F., Mexico
| | - Diego González-Halphen
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad México, D. F., Mexico
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28
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Duan Y, Sun L, Liu J, Fu W, Wang S, Ni Y, Zhao R. Effects of tonic immobility and corticosterone on mitochondria metabolism in pectoralis major muscle of broiler chickens. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/an16401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Tonic immobility (TI), which can be divided into short (STI) or long (LTI) duration, is a trait related to fear and stress response. In a previous study, we found that in broilers that LTI phenotype and chronic corticosterone (CORT) administration caused retarded growth and lower muscle weight compared with their control counterparts. The aim of this study is to determine whether the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), the vital factors involved in regulating energy homeostasis, have been changed by LTI or CORT treatment. The results showed that STI broilers had higher mtDNA copy number and cytochrome c oxidase (COX) enzyme activity compared with LTI broilers. Analysis of mtDNA-encoded OXPHOS genes revealed that the mRNA expression of the COX subunit 1, 2, NADH dehydrogenase (ND) subunits 1, 3 and 6, were also increased in STI broilers compared with LTI broilers. Regarding the transcriptional regulation of mtDNA-encoded OXPHOS genes, no difference was found in the methylation of the mitochondria control region between the TI phenotypes or the CORT treatments. The PGC-1α protein level was higher in STI broilers, but the av uncoupling proteins, did not show significant difference at the protein level between TI phenotypes. These results suggest that the mitochondrial function in pectoralis major muscle of STI broilers is better than that of LTI counterparts. However, chronic CORT administration did not affect the mitochondrial metabolism, indicating the mitochondrial insensitivity to CORT treatment in pectoralis major muscle.
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Panozzo C, Laleve A, Tribouillard-Tanvier D, Ostojić J, Sellem CH, Friocourt G, Bourand-Plantefol A, Burg A, Delahodde A, Blondel M, Dujardin G. Chemicals or mutations that target mitochondrial translation can rescue the respiratory deficiency of yeast bcs1 mutants. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:2297-2307. [PMID: 28888990 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bcs1p is a chaperone that is required for the incorporation of the Rieske subunit within complex III of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Mutations in the human gene BCS1L (BCS1-like) are the most frequent nuclear mutations resulting in complex III-related pathologies. In yeast, the mimicking of some pathogenic mutations causes a respiratory deficiency. We have screened chemical libraries and found that two antibiotics, pentamidine and clarithromycin, can compensate two bcs1 point mutations in yeast, one of which is the equivalent of a mutation found in a human patient. As both antibiotics target the large mtrRNA of the mitoribosome, we focused our analysis on mitochondrial translation. We found that the absence of non-essential translation factors Rrf1 or Mif3, which act at the recycling/initiation steps, also compensates for the respiratory deficiency of yeast bcs1 mutations. At compensating concentrations, both antibiotics, as well as the absence of Rrf1, cause an imbalanced synthesis of respiratory subunits which impairs the assembly of the respiratory complexes and especially that of complex IV. Finally, we show that pentamidine also decreases the assembly of complex I in nematode mitochondria. It is well known that complexes III and IV exist within the mitochondrial inner membrane as supramolecular complexes III2/IV in yeast or I/III2/IV in higher eukaryotes. Therefore, we propose that the changes in mitochondrial translation caused by the drugs or by the absence of translation factors, can compensate for bcs1 mutations by modifying the equilibrium between illegitimate, and thus inactive, and active supercomplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Panozzo
- Institute of Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry-Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - A Laleve
- Institute of Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry-Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - D Tribouillard-Tanvier
- Institute of Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry-Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - J Ostojić
- Institute of Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry-Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - C H Sellem
- Institute of Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry-Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - G Friocourt
- Institute of Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry-Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - A Bourand-Plantefol
- Institute of Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry-Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - A Burg
- Institute of Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry-Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - A Delahodde
- Institute of Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry-Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - M Blondel
- Institute of Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry-Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - G Dujardin
- Institute of Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry-Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France.
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Sphingolipid accumulation causes mitochondrial dysregulation and cell death. Cell Death Differ 2017; 24:2044-2053. [PMID: 28800132 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are structural components of cell membranes that have signaling roles to regulate many activities, including mitochondrial function and cell death. Sphingolipid metabolism is integrated with numerous metabolic networks, and dysregulated sphingolipid metabolism is associated with disease. Here, we describe a monogenic yeast model for sphingolipid accumulation. A csg2Δ mutant cannot readily metabolize and accumulates the complex sphingolipid inositol phosphorylceramide (IPC). In these cells, aberrant activation of Ras GTPase is IPC-dependent, and accompanied by increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced mitochondrial mass. Survival or death of csg2Δ cells depends on nutritional status. Abnormal Ras activation in csg2Δ cells is associated with impaired Snf1/AMPK protein kinase, a key regulator of energy homeostasis. csg2Δ cells are rescued from ROS production and death by overexpression of mitochondrial catalase Cta1, abrogation of Ras hyperactivity or genetic activation of Snf1/AMPK. These results suggest that sphingolipid dysregulation compromises metabolic integrity via Ras and Snf1/AMPK pathways.
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García-Villegas R, Camacho-Villasana Y, Shingú-Vázquez MÁ, Cabrera-Orefice A, Uribe-Carvajal S, Fox TD, Pérez-Martínez X. The Cox1 C-terminal domain is a central regulator of cytochrome c oxidase biogenesis in yeast mitochondria. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:10912-10925. [PMID: 28490636 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.773077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) is the last electron acceptor in the respiratory chain. The CcO core is formed by mitochondrial DNA-encoded Cox1, Cox2, and Cox3 subunits. Cox1 synthesis is highly regulated; for example, if CcO assembly is blocked, Cox1 synthesis decreases. Mss51 activates translation of COX1 mRNA and interacts with Cox1 protein in high-molecular-weight complexes (COA complexes) to form the Cox1 intermediary assembly module. Thus, Mss51 coordinates both Cox1 synthesis and assembly. We previously reported that the last 15 residues of the Cox1 C terminus regulate Cox1 synthesis by modulating an interaction of Mss51 with Cox14, another component of the COA complexes. Here, using site-directed mutagenesis of the mitochondrial COX1 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we demonstrate that mutations P521A/P522A and V524E disrupt the regulatory role of the Cox1 C terminus. These mutations, as well as C terminus deletion (Cox1ΔC15), reduced binding of Mss51 and Cox14 to COA complexes. Mss51 was enriched in a translationally active form that maintains full Cox1 synthesis even if CcO assembly is blocked in these mutants. Moreover, Cox1ΔC15, but not Cox1-P521A/P522A and Cox1-V524E, promoted formation of aberrant supercomplexes in CcO assembly mutants lacking Cox2 or Cox4 subunits. The aberrant supercomplex formation depended on the presence of cytochrome b and Cox3, supporting the idea that supercomplex assembly factors associate with Cox3 and demonstrating that supercomplexes can be formed even if CcO is inactive and not fully assembled. Our results indicate that the Cox1 C-terminal end is a key regulator of CcO biogenesis and that it is important for supercomplex formation/stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo García-Villegas
- From the Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Yolanda Camacho-Villasana
- From the Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ángel Shingú-Vázquez
- the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Alfredo Cabrera-Orefice
- the Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands, and
| | - Salvador Uribe-Carvajal
- From the Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Thomas D Fox
- the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Xochitl Pérez-Martínez
- From the Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico,
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Tangsongcharoen C, Jupatanakul N, Promdonkoy B, Dimopoulos G, Boonserm P. Molecular analysis of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae responses to Lysinibacillus sphaericus Bin toxin. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175473. [PMID: 28406958 PMCID: PMC5391067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysinibacillus sphaericus produces the mosquito larvicidal binary toxin consisting of BinA and BinB, which are both required for toxicity against Culex and Anopheles larvae. The molecular mechanisms behind Bin toxin-induced damage remain unexplored. We used whole-genome microarray-based transcriptome analysis to better understand how Culex larvae respond to Bin toxin treatment at the molecular level. Our analyses of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae transcriptome changes at 6, 12, and 18 h after Bin toxin treatment revealed a wide range of transcript signatures, including genes linked to the cytoskeleton, metabolism, immunity, and cellular stress, with a greater number of down-regulated genes than up-regulated genes. Bin toxin appears to mainly repress the expression of genes involved in metabolism, the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and the protein transporter of the outer/inner mitochondrial membrane. The induced genes encode proteins linked to mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and cellular detoxification including autophagic processes and lysosomal compartments. This study is, to our knowledge, the first microarray analysis of Bin toxin-induced transcriptional responses in Culex larvae, providing a basis for an in-depth understanding of the molecular nature of Bin toxin-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chontida Tangsongcharoen
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Natapong Jupatanakul
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Boonhiang Promdonkoy
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - George Dimopoulos
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Panadda Boonserm
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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Leveraging increased cytoplasmic nucleoside kinase activity to target mtDNA and oxidative phosphorylation in AML. Blood 2017; 129:2657-2666. [PMID: 28283480 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-10-741207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) biosynthesis requires replication factors and adequate nucleotide pools from the mitochondria and cytoplasm. We performed gene expression profiling analysis of 542 human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples and identified 55% with upregulated mtDNA biosynthesis pathway expression compared with normal hematopoietic cells. Genes that support mitochondrial nucleotide pools, including mitochondrial nucleotide transporters and a subset of cytoplasmic nucleoside kinases, were also increased in AML compared with normal hematopoietic samples. Knockdown of cytoplasmic nucleoside kinases reduced mtDNA levels in AML cells, demonstrating their contribution in maintaining mtDNA. To assess cytoplasmic nucleoside kinase pathway activity, we used a nucleoside analog 2'3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC), which is phosphorylated to the activated antimetabolite, 2'3'-dideoxycytidine triphosphate by cytoplasmic nucleoside kinases. ddC is a selective inhibitor of the mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ. ddC was preferentially activated in AML cells compared with normal hematopoietic progenitor cells. ddC treatment inhibited mtDNA replication, oxidative phosphorylation, and induced cytotoxicity in a panel of AML cell lines. Furthermore, ddC preferentially inhibited mtDNA replication in a subset of primary human leukemia cells and selectively targeted leukemia cells while sparing normal progenitor cells. In animal models of human AML, treatment with ddC decreased mtDNA, electron transport chain proteins, and induced tumor regression without toxicity. ddC also targeted leukemic stem cells in secondary AML xenotransplantation assays. Thus, AML cells have increased cytidine nucleoside kinase activity that regulates mtDNA biogenesis and can be leveraged to selectively target oxidative phosphorylation in AML.
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Ma L, Dong JX, Wu C, Li XY, Chen J, Zhang H, Liu Y. Spectroscopic, Polarographic, and Microcalorimetric Studies on Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induced by Ethanol. J Membr Biol 2017; 250:195-204. [PMID: 28224174 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-017-9947-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Liver mitochondria are involved in several important life processes; mitochondrial dysfunction and disorders are implicated in several human diseases. Alcohol permeates all tissues of the body and exerts some intrinsic hepatotoxicity. In this work, our results demonstrated that ethanol caused a series of mitochondria permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening factors such as mitochondrial swelling, increased permeability of H+ and K+, collapsed membrane potential, and increased membrane fluidity. Furthermore, mitochondrial ultrastructure alternation observed clearly by transmission electron microscopy and the release of Cytochrome c could explain the MPTP opening from another aspect. Moreover, ethanol damaged the mitochondrial respiration system and induced disturbance of mitochondrial energy metabolism which was monitored by polarographic and microcalorimetric methods, respectively. Considered together, these damages may promote both apoptotic and necrotic cell death and contribute to the onset or progression alcohol-induced liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Ma
- StateKey Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Xin Dong
- StateKey Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Can Wu
- StateKey Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Yi Li
- StateKey Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhang
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China.
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35
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Garlich J, Strecker V, Wittig I, Stuart RA. Mutational Analysis of the QRRQ Motif in the Yeast Hig1 Type 2 Protein Rcf1 Reveals a Regulatory Role for the Cytochrome c Oxidase Complex. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:5216-5226. [PMID: 28167530 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.758045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The yeast Rcf1 protein is a member of the conserved family of proteins termed the hypoxia-induced gene (domain) 1 (Hig1 or HIGD1) family. Rcf1 interacts with components of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system, in particular the cytochrome bc1 (complex III)-cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV) supercomplex (termed III-IV) and the ADP/ATP carrier proteins. Rcf1 plays a role in the assembly and modulation of the activity of complex IV; however, the molecular basis for how Rcf1 influences the activity of complex IV is currently unknown. Hig1 type 2 isoforms, which include the Rcf1 protein, are characterized in part by the presence of a conserved motif, (Q/I)X3(R/H)XRX3Q, termed here the QRRQ motif. We show that mutation of conserved residues within the Rcf1 QRRQ motif alters the interactions between Rcf1 and partner proteins and results in the destabilization of complex IV and alteration of its enzymatic properties. Our findings indicate that Rcf1 does not serve as a stoichiometric component, i.e. as a subunit of complex IV, to support its activity. Rather, we propose that Rcf1 serves to dynamically interact with complex IV during its assembly process and, in doing so, regulates a late maturation step of complex IV. We speculate that the Rcf1/Hig1 proteins play a role in the incorporation and/or remodeling of lipids, in particular cardiolipin, into complex IV and. possibly, other mitochondrial proteins such as ADP/ATP carrier proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Garlich
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233 and
| | - Valentina Strecker
- Functional Proteomics, SFB 815 Core Unit, Goethe-Universität, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Functional Proteomics, SFB 815 Core Unit, Goethe-Universität, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rosemary A Stuart
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233 and
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36
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Niemann J, Johne C, Schröder S, Koch F, Ibrahim SM, Schultz J, Tiedge M, Baltrusch S. An mtDNA mutation accelerates liver aging by interfering with the ROS response and mitochondrial life cycle. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 102:174-187. [PMID: 27890640 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction affects liver metabolism, but it remains unclear whether this interferes with normal liver aging. We investigated several mitochondrial pathways in hepatocytes and liver tissue from a conplastic mouse strain compared with the control C57BL/6NTac strain over 18 months of life. The C57BL/6NTac-mtNODLtJ mice differed from C57BL/6NTac mice by a point mutation in mitochondrial-encoded subunit 3 of cytochrome c oxidase. Young C57BL/6NTac-mtNODLtJ mice showed reduced mitochondrial metabolism but similar reactive oxygen species (ROS) production to C57BL/6NTac mice. Whereas ROS increased almost equally up to 9 months in both strains, different mitochondrial adaptation strategies resulted in decreasing ROS in advanced age in C57BL/6NTac mice, but persistent ROS production in C57BL/6NTac-mtNODLtJ mice. Only the conplastic strain developed elongated mitochondrial networks with artificial loop structures, depressed autophagy, high mitochondrial respiration and up-regulated antioxidative response. Our results indicate that mtDNA mutations accelerate liver ballooning degeneration and carry a serious risk of premature organ aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Niemann
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Cindy Johne
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Susanne Schröder
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Franziska Koch
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner","Oskar Kellner", Leibnitz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Saleh M Ibrahim
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Julia Schultz
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Markus Tiedge
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Simone Baltrusch
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
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Kalo D, Roth Z. Low level of mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate reduces oocyte developmental competence in association with impaired gene expression. Toxicology 2016; 377:38-48. [PMID: 27989758 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and its metabolite, mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), are reproductive toxicants. However, disruptive effects of MEHP at low concentrations on the oocyte and developing blastocyst are unknown. Previously, we detected low levels of MEHP in follicular fluid aspirated from DEHP-treated cows associated with reduced estradiol levels. Moreover, the MEHP concentrations found were similar to those reported for follicular fluid aspirated from women who have undergone IVF cycles. In the current study, we used an in vitro embryo production model to examine the effect of MEHP at low levels on oocyte developmental competence. We set up several experiments to mimic the follicular fluid content, i.e., low MEHP level and low estradiol. For all experiments, cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were aspirated from bovine ovaries, then matured in vitro in standard oocyte maturation medium (OMM) supplemented with: MEHP at a range levels (20-1000nM) or with estradiol at a range levels (0-2000ng/ml). Then, oocytes were fertilized and cultured for an additional 7days to allow blastocyst development. Findings revealed that MEHP at low levels impairs oocyte developmental competence in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05) and that estradiol by itself does not impair it. Accordingly, in another set of experiments, COCs were matured in vitro with MEHP at two choosen concentrations (20 or 1000nM) with or without estradiol, fertilized and cultured for 7days. Samples of mature oocytes and their derived blastocysts were subjected to quantitative real-time PCR to examine the profiles of selected genes (CYC1, MT-CO1, ATP5B, POU5F1, SOX2 and DNMT3b). Maturation of COCs with MEHP (20 or 1000nM) affected gene expression in the mature oocyte. Maturation of COCs with MEHP (20 or 1000nM) in the absence of estradiol reduced oocyte developmental competence (P<0.05). A differential carryover effect on transcript abundance was recorded in blastocysts developed from MEHP-treated oocytes. In the presence of estradiol, increased expression was recorded for CYC1, ATP5B, SOX2 and DNMT3b. In the absence of estradiol, decreased expression was recorded, with a significant effect for 1000nM MEHP (P<0.05). Taken together, the findings suggest that low levels of phthalate must be taken into consideration in risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kalo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel; Center of Excellence in Agriculture and Environmental Health, The Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Z Roth
- Department of Animal Sciences, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel; Center of Excellence in Agriculture and Environmental Health, The Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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Sato TK, Tremaine M, Parreiras LS, Hebert AS, Myers KS, Higbee AJ, Sardi M, McIlwain SJ, Ong IM, Breuer RJ, Avanasi Narasimhan R, McGee MA, Dickinson Q, La Reau A, Xie D, Tian M, Reed JL, Zhang Y, Coon JJ, Hittinger CT, Gasch AP, Landick R. Directed Evolution Reveals Unexpected Epistatic Interactions That Alter Metabolic Regulation and Enable Anaerobic Xylose Use by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006372. [PMID: 27741250 PMCID: PMC5065143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The inability of native Saccharomyces cerevisiae to convert xylose from plant biomass into biofuels remains a major challenge for the production of renewable bioenergy. Despite extensive knowledge of the regulatory networks controlling carbon metabolism in yeast, little is known about how to reprogram S. cerevisiae to ferment xylose at rates comparable to glucose. Here we combined genome sequencing, proteomic profiling, and metabolomic analyses to identify and characterize the responsible mutations in a series of evolved strains capable of metabolizing xylose aerobically or anaerobically. We report that rapid xylose conversion by engineered and evolved S. cerevisiae strains depends upon epistatic interactions among genes encoding a xylose reductase (GRE3), a component of MAP Kinase (MAPK) signaling (HOG1), a regulator of Protein Kinase A (PKA) signaling (IRA2), and a scaffolding protein for mitochondrial iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster biogenesis (ISU1). Interestingly, the mutation in IRA2 only impacted anaerobic xylose consumption and required the loss of ISU1 function, indicating a previously unknown connection between PKA signaling, Fe-S cluster biogenesis, and anaerobiosis. Proteomic and metabolomic comparisons revealed that the xylose-metabolizing mutant strains exhibit altered metabolic pathways relative to the parental strain when grown in xylose. Further analyses revealed that interacting mutations in HOG1 and ISU1 unexpectedly elevated mitochondrial respiratory proteins and enabled rapid aerobic respiration of xylose and other non-fermentable carbon substrates. Our findings suggest a surprising connection between Fe-S cluster biogenesis and signaling that facilitates aerobic respiration and anaerobic fermentation of xylose, underscoring how much remains unknown about the eukaryotic signaling systems that regulate carbon metabolism. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is being genetically engineered to produce renewable biofuels from sustainable plant material. Efficient biofuel production from plant material requires conversion of the complex suite of sugars found in plant material, including the five-carbon sugar xylose. Because it does not efficiently metabolize xylose, S. cerevisiae has been engineered with a minimal set of genes that should overcome this problem; however, additional genetic changes are required for optimal fermentative conversion of xylose into biofuel. Despite extensive knowledge of the regulatory networks controlling glucose metabolism, less is known about the regulation of xylose metabolism and how to rewire these networks for effective biofuel production. Here we report genetic mutations that enabled the conversion of xylose into bioethanol by a previously ineffective yeast strain. By comparing altered protein and metabolite abundance within yeast cells containing these mutations, we determined that the mutations synergistically alter metabolic pathways to improve the rate of xylose conversion. One change in a gene with well-characterized aerobic mitochondrial functions was found to play an unexpected role in anaerobic conversion of xylose into ethanol. The results of this work will allow others to rapidly generate yeast strains for the conversion of xylose into biofuels and other products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trey K. Sato
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail: (TKS); (APG); (RL)
| | - Mary Tremaine
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Lucas S. Parreiras
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Alexander S. Hebert
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Kevin S. Myers
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Alan J. Higbee
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Maria Sardi
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Microbiology Doctoral Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Sean J. McIlwain
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Irene M. Ong
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Rebecca J. Breuer
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Ragothaman Avanasi Narasimhan
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mick A. McGee
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Quinn Dickinson
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Alex La Reau
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Dan Xie
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mingyuan Tian
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Reed
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Yaoping Zhang
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Joshua J. Coon
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Chris Todd Hittinger
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Microbiology Doctoral Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Wisconsin Energy Institute, J.F. Crow Institute for the Study of Evolution, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Audrey P. Gasch
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Genome Center of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Microbiology Doctoral Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail: (TKS); (APG); (RL)
| | - Robert Landick
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Microbiology Doctoral Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail: (TKS); (APG); (RL)
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Vest KE, Wang J, Gammon MG, Maynard MK, White OL, Cobine JA, Mahone WK, Cobine PA. Overlap of copper and iron uptake systems in mitochondria in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Open Biol 2016; 6:150223. [PMID: 26763345 PMCID: PMC4736827 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.150223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the mitochondrial carrier family protein Pic2 imports copper into the matrix. Deletion of PIC2 causes defects in mitochondrial copper uptake and copper-dependent growth phenotypes owing to decreased cytochrome c oxidase activity. However, copper import is not completely eliminated in this mutant, so alternative transport systems must exist. Deletion of MRS3, a component of the iron import machinery, also causes a copper-dependent growth defect on non-fermentable carbon. Deletion of both PIC2 and MRS3 led to a more severe respiratory growth defect than either individual mutant. In addition, MRS3 expressed from a high copy number vector was able to suppress the oxygen consumption and copper uptake defects of a strain lacking PIC2. When expressed in Lactococcus lactis, Mrs3 mediated copper and iron import. Finally, a PIC2 and MRS3 double mutant prevented the copper-dependent activation of a heterologously expressed copper sensor in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Taken together, these data support a role for the iron transporter Mrs3 in copper import into the mitochondrial matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Vest
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Micah G Gammon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Margaret K Maynard
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | | | - Jai A Cobine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Wilkerson K Mahone
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Paul A Cobine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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COX7AR is a Stress-inducible Mitochondrial COX Subunit that Promotes Breast Cancer Malignancy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31742. [PMID: 27550821 PMCID: PMC4994049 DOI: 10.1038/srep31742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase (COX), the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, plays a key role in regulating mitochondrial energy production and cell survival. COX subunit VIIa polypeptide 2-like protein (COX7AR) is a novel COX subunit that was recently found to be involved in mitochondrial supercomplex assembly and mitochondrial respiration activity. Here, we report that COX7AR is expressed in high energy-demanding tissues, such as brain, heart, liver, and aggressive forms of human breast cancer cells. Under cellular stress that stimulates energy metabolism, COX7AR is induced and incorporated into the mitochondrial COX complex. Functionally, COX7AR promotes cellular energy production in human mammary epithelial cells. Gain- and loss-of-function analysis demonstrates that COX7AR is required for human breast cancer cells to maintain higher rates of proliferation, clone formation, and invasion. In summary, our study revealed that COX7AR is a stress-inducible mitochondrial COX subunit that facilitates human breast cancer malignancy. These findings have important implications in the understanding and treatment of human breast cancer and the diseases associated with mitochondrial energy metabolism.
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Gao G, Moyes CD. Evaluating the role of NRF-1 in the regulation of the goldfish COX4-1 gene in response to temperature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 219:3019-3027. [PMID: 27471277 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.141184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cold acclimation in fish typically increases muscle mitochondrial enzymes. In mammals, stressors that increase mitochondrial content are mediated though transcriptional regulators, including nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1). Focusing on the goldfish gene for cytochrome c oxidase (COX) subunit 4-1, we analysed the regulatory regions in various contexts to identify a mechanistic link between NRF-1 and cold-induced mitochondrial proliferation. Promoter analysis implicated two putative NRF-1 sites: one in the proximal promoter and a second in exon 1, which encodes the 5' untranslated region (5'-UTR). Transfection into mouse myoblasts showed that deletion of a region that included the proximal NRF-1 site reduced promoter activity by 30%; however, mutagenesis of the specific sequence had no effect. Thermal sensitivity analyses performed in rainbow trout gonadal fibroblasts (RTG-2) showed no effect of temperature (4 vs 19°C) on reporter gene expression. Likewise, reporters injected into muscle of thermally acclimated goldfish (4 vs 26°C) showed no elevation in expression. There was no difference in thermal responses of COX4-1 promoter reporters constructed from homologous regions of eurythermal goldfish and stenothermal zebrafish genes. NRF-1 chromatin immunoprecipitation of thermally acclimated goldfish muscle showed no temperature effect on NRF-1 binding to either the proximal promoter or 5'-UTR. It remains possible that the cold-induced upregulation of COX4-1 expression is a result of NRF-1 binding to distal regulatory regions or through indirect effects on other transcription factors. However, the proximal promoter does not appear to play a role in mediating the thermal response of the COX4-1 gene in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Gao
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada K7L 3N6
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Dela Cruz R, Jeong MY, Winge DR. Cox1 mutation abrogates need for Cox23 in cytochrome c oxidase biogenesis. MICROBIAL CELL 2016; 3:275-284. [PMID: 28357365 PMCID: PMC5354592 DOI: 10.15698/mic2016.07.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cox23 is a known conserved assembly factor for cytochrome c
oxidase, although its role in cytochrome c oxidase (CcO)
biogenesis remains unresolved. To gain additional insights into its role, we
isolated spontaneous suppressors of the respiratory growth defect in
cox23∆ yeast cells. We recovered independent colonies that
propagated on glycerol/lactate medium for cox23∆ cells at 37°C.
We mapped these mutations to the mitochondrial genome and specifically to
COX1 yielding an I101F substitution. The
I101F Cox1 allele is a gain-of-function mutation enabling yeast
to respire in the absence of Cox23. CcO subunit steady-state levels were
restored with the I101F Cox1 suppressor mutation and oxygen
consumption and CcO activity were likewise restored. Cells harboring the
mitochondrial genome encoding I101F Cox1 were used to delete genes
for other CcO assembly factors to test the specificity of the Cox1 mutation as a
suppressor of cox23∆ cells. The Cox1 mutant allele fails to
support respiratory growth in yeast lacking Cox17, Cox19, Coa1, Coa2, Cox14 or
Shy1, demonstrating its specific suppressor activity for cox23∆
cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Dela Cruz
- University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA. ; Present address: Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Mi-Young Jeong
- University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA
| | - Dennis R Winge
- University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA
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Meshcheryakova OV, Churova MV, Veselov AE, Nemova NN. Activities of cytochrome c oxidase and mitochondrial lactate dehydrogenase isozymes and Cox1, Cox2, Cox4, and Cox6 gene subunit expression in cold adaptation of Salmo trutta L. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162016010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kumar V, Bouameur JE, Bär J, Rice RH, Hornig-Do HT, Roop DR, Schwarz N, Brodesser S, Thiering S, Leube RE, Wiesner RJ, Vijayaraj P, Brazel CB, Heller S, Binder H, Löffler-Wirth H, Seibel P, Magin TM. A keratin scaffold regulates epidermal barrier formation, mitochondrial lipid composition, and activity. J Cell Biol 2016; 211:1057-75. [PMID: 26644517 PMCID: PMC4674273 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201404147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal keratin filaments are important components and organizers of the cornified envelope and regulate mitochondrial metabolism by modulating their membrane composition. Keratin intermediate filaments (KIFs) protect the epidermis against mechanical force, support strong adhesion, help barrier formation, and regulate growth. The mechanisms by which type I and II keratins contribute to these functions remain incompletely understood. Here, we report that mice lacking all type I or type II keratins display severe barrier defects and fragile skin, leading to perinatal mortality with full penetrance. Comparative proteomics of cornified envelopes (CEs) from prenatal KtyI−/− and KtyII−/−K8 mice demonstrates that absence of KIF causes dysregulation of many CE constituents, including downregulation of desmoglein 1. Despite persistence of loricrin expression and upregulation of many Nrf2 targets, including CE components Sprr2d and Sprr2h, extensive barrier defects persist, identifying keratins as essential CE scaffolds. Furthermore, we show that KIFs control mitochondrial lipid composition and activity in a cell-intrinsic manner. Therefore, our study explains the complexity of keratinopathies accompanied by barrier disorders by linking keratin scaffolds to mitochondria, adhesion, and CE formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar
- Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine Leipzig, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany Institute of Biology, Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jamal-Eddine Bouameur
- Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine Leipzig, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany Institute of Biology, Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Janina Bär
- Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine Leipzig, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany Institute of Biology, Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert H Rice
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Hue-Tran Hornig-Do
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute for Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Dennis R Roop
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80045 Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80045
| | - Nicole Schwarz
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Susanne Brodesser
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute for Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sören Thiering
- Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine Leipzig, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany Institute of Biology, Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rudolf E Leube
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Rudolf J Wiesner
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute for Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Christina B Brazel
- Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine Leipzig, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany Institute of Biology, Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sandra Heller
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hans Binder
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Henry Löffler-Wirth
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Seibel
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas M Magin
- Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine Leipzig, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany Institute of Biology, Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Kim EY, Park KY, Seo YS, Kim WT. Arabidopsis Small Rubber Particle Protein Homolog SRPs Play Dual Roles as Positive Factors for Tissue Growth and Development and in Drought Stress Responses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 170:2494-510. [PMID: 26903535 PMCID: PMC4825120 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) act as repositories for fatty acids and sterols, which are used for various cellular processes such as energy production and membrane and hormone synthesis. LD-associated proteins play important roles in seed development and germination, but their functions in postgermination growth are not well understood. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) contains three SRP homologs (SRP1, SRP2, and SRP3) that share sequence identities with small rubber particle proteins of the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). In this report, the possible cellular roles of SRPs in postgermination growth and the drought tolerance response were investigated. Arabidopsis SRPs appeared to be LD-associated proteins and displayed polymerization properties in vivo and in vitro. SRP-overexpressing transgenic Arabidopsis plants (35S:SRP1, 35S:SRP2, and 35S:SRP3) exhibited higher vegetative and reproductive growth and markedly better tolerance to drought stress than wild-type Arabidopsis. In addition, constitutive over-expression of SRPs resulted in increased numbers of large LDs in postgermination seedlings. In contrast, single (srp1, 35S:SRP2-RNAi, and srp3) and triple (35S:SRP2-RNAi/srp1srp3) loss-of-function mutant lines exhibited the opposite phenotypes. Our results suggest that Arabidopsis SRPs play dual roles as positive factors in postgermination growth and the drought stress tolerance response. The possible relationships between LD-associated proteins and the drought stress response are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Yu Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Ki Youl Park
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Young Sam Seo
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Woo Taek Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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Garcia L, Welchen E, Gey U, Arce AL, Steinebrunner I, Gonzalez DH. The cytochrome c oxidase biogenesis factor AtCOX17 modulates stress responses in Arabidopsis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:628-44. [PMID: 26436309 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
COX17 is a soluble protein from the mitochondrial intermembrane space that participates in the transfer of copper for cytochrome c oxidase (COX) assembly in eukaryotic organisms. In this work, we studied the function of both Arabidopsis thaliana AtCOX17 genes using plants with altered expression levels of these genes. Silencing of AtCOX17-1 in a cox17-2 knockout background generates plants with smaller rosettes and decreased expression of genes involved in the response of plants to different stress conditions, including several genes that are induced by mitochondrial dysfunctions. Silencing of either of the AtCOX17 genes does not affect plant development or COX activity but causes a decrease in the response of genes to salt stress. In addition, these plants contain higher reactive oxygen and lipid peroxidation levels after irrigation with high NaCl concentrations and are less sensitive to abscisic acid. In agreement with a role of AtCOX17 in stress and abscisic acid responses, both AtCOX17 genes are induced by several stress conditions, abscisic acid and mutation of the transcription factor ABI4. The results indicate that AtCOX17 is required for optimal expression of a group of stress-responsive genes, probably as a component of signalling pathways that link stress conditions to gene expression responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucila Garcia
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Elina Welchen
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Uta Gey
- Technische Universität Dresden, Department of Biology, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Agustín L Arce
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Iris Steinebrunner
- Technische Universität Dresden, Department of Biology, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniel H Gonzalez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
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47
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Mansilla N, Garcia L, Gonzalez DH, Welchen E. AtCOX10, a protein involved in haem o synthesis during cytochrome c oxidase biogenesis, is essential for plant embryogenesis and modulates the progression of senescence. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:6761-75. [PMID: 26246612 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) biogenesis requires several accessory proteins implicated, among other processes, in copper and haem a insertion. In yeast, the farnesyltransferase Cox10p that catalyses the conversion of haem b to haem o is the limiting factor in haem a biosynthesis and is essential for haem a insertion in CcO. In this work, we characterized AtCOX10, a putative Cox10p homologue from Arabidopsis thaliana. AtCOX10 was localized in mitochondria and was able to restore growth of a yeast Δcox10 null mutant on non-fermentable carbon sources, suggesting that it also participates in haem o synthesis. Plants with T-DNA insertions in the coding region of both copies of AtCOX10 could not be recovered, and heterozygous mutant plants showed seeds with embryos arrested at early developmental stages that lacked CcO activity. Heterozygous mutant plants exhibited lower levels of CcO activity and cyanide-sensitive respiration but normal levels of total respiration at the expense of an increase in alternative respiration. AtCOX10 seems to be implicated in the onset and progression of senescence, since heterozygous mutant plants showed a faster decrease in chlorophyll content and photosynthetic performance than wild-type plants after natural and dark-induced senescence. Furthermore, complementation of mutants by expressing AtCOX10 under its own promoter allowed us to obtain plants with T-DNA insertions in both AtCOX10 copies, which showed phenotypic characteristics comparable to those of wild type. Our results highlight the relevance of haem o synthesis in plants and suggest that this process is a limiting factor that influences CcO activity levels, mitochondrial respiration, and plant senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natanael Mansilla
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Centro Científico Tecnológico Santa Fe - Colectora Ruta Nacional Nº 168 Km 0, Paraje El Pozo, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Lucila Garcia
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Centro Científico Tecnológico Santa Fe - Colectora Ruta Nacional Nº 168 Km 0, Paraje El Pozo, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Daniel H Gonzalez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Centro Científico Tecnológico Santa Fe - Colectora Ruta Nacional Nº 168 Km 0, Paraje El Pozo, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Elina Welchen
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Centro Científico Tecnológico Santa Fe - Colectora Ruta Nacional Nº 168 Km 0, Paraje El Pozo, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
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48
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Nolli C, Goffrini P, Lazzaretti M, Zanna C, Vitale R, Lodi T, Baruffini E. Validation of a MGM1/OPA1 chimeric gene for functional analysis in yeast of mutations associated with dominant optic atrophy. Mitochondrion 2015; 25:38-48. [PMID: 26455272 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in OPA1 are associated with DOA or DOA plus. Novel mutations in OPA1 are periodically identified, but often the causative effect of the mutation is not demonstrated. A chimeric protein containing the N-terminal region of Mgm1, the yeast orthologue of OPA1, and the C-terminal region of OPA1 was constructed. This chimeric construct can be exploited to evaluate the pathogenicity of most of the missense mutations in OPA1 as well as to determine whether the dominance of the mutation is due to haploinsufficiency or to gain of function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Nolli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Goffrini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Mirca Lazzaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Claudia Zanna
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Via Altura 3, 40139 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rita Vitale
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Tiziana Lodi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Enrico Baruffini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
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49
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Cooperation between COA6 and SCO2 in COX2 maturation during cytochrome c oxidase assembly links two mitochondrial cardiomyopathies. Cell Metab 2015; 21:823-33. [PMID: 25959673 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Three mitochondria-encoded subunits form the catalytic core of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal enzyme of the respiratory chain. COX1 and COX2 contain heme and copper redox centers, which are integrated during assembly of the enzyme. Defects in this process lead to an enzyme deficiency and manifest as mitochondrial disorders in humans. Here we demonstrate that COA6 is specifically required for COX2 biogenesis. Absence of COA6 leads to fast turnover of newly synthesized COX2 and a concomitant reduction in cytochrome c oxidase levels. COA6 interacts transiently with the copper-containing catalytic domain of newly synthesized COX2. Interestingly, similar to the copper metallochaperone SCO2, loss of COA6 causes cardiomyopathy in humans. We show that COA6 and SCO2 interact and that corresponding pathogenic mutations in each protein affect complex formation. Our analyses define COA6 as a constituent of the mitochondrial copper relay system, linking defects in COX2 metallation to cardiac cytochrome c oxidase deficiency.
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50
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Kalo D, Roth Z. Effects of mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate on cytoplasmic maturation of oocytes--The bovine model. Reprod Toxicol 2015; 53:141-51. [PMID: 25900598 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are known reproductive toxicants, but their intracellular disruptive effects on oocyte maturation competence are less known. We studied the potential risk associated with acute exposure of oocytes to mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (MEHP). First, bovine oocytes were matured in vitro with or without 50 μM MEHP and examined for mitochondrial features associated with DNA fragmentation. MEHP increased reactive oxygen species levels and reduced the proportion of highly polarized mitochondria along with alterations in genes associated with mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (CYC1, MT-CO1 and ATP5B). In a second set of experiments, we associated the effects of MEHP on meiotic progression with those on cytoplasmic maturation. MEHP impaired reorganization of cytoplasmic organelles in matured oocytes reflected by reductions in category I mitochondria, type III cortical granules and class I endoplasmic reticulum. These alterations are associated with the previously reported reduced developmental competence of MEHP-treated bovine oocytes, and reveal the risk associated with acute exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kalo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, and Center of Excellence in Agriculture and Environmental Health, the Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Z Roth
- Department of Animal Sciences, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, and Center of Excellence in Agriculture and Environmental Health, the Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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