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Hu A, Lan H, Yao Z, Kong X. Carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP) mediates decreased SNAP25 expression in islets from diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. FEBS Open Bio 2024. [PMID: 39300600 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
SNAP25 plays an essential role in the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) of pancreatic β-cells. Carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP) is an important transcription factor in β-cells and, in this study, we aimed to explore whether ChREBP regulates SNAP25 expression in β-cells. We show that diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats exhibited impaired insulin secretion and hyperglycemia, along with decreased SNAP25 expression and ChREBP phosphorylation in islets. SNAP25 knockdown decreased GSIS in β-cells, while SNAP25 overexpression increased GSIS in β-cells. Activation or overexpression of ChREBP led to reduced SNAP25 expression and subsequent suppression of GSIS. Conversely, ChREBP knockdown mitigated the reduction in SNAP25 expression caused by high glucose. Mechanistically, the activation of ChREBP by high glucose increased its occupancy and decreased the level of H3K4me3 at the Snap25 promoter. Our findings reveal the novel regulatory mechanisms of SNAP25 expression in β-cells and suggest that SNAP25 may be involved in the regulation of β-cell secretory function controlled by ChREBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyi Hu
- Shenzhen University Diabetes Institute, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, China
| | - Hongyan Lan
- Shenzhen University Diabetes Institute, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, China
| | - Zilai Yao
- Shenzhen University Diabetes Institute, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, China
| | - Xiangchen Kong
- Shenzhen University Diabetes Institute, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, China
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2
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Sionov RV, Ahdut-HaCohen R. A Supportive Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Insulin-Producing Langerhans Islets with a Specific Emphasis on The Secretome. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2558. [PMID: 37761001 PMCID: PMC10527322 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a gradual destruction of insulin-producing β-cells in the endocrine pancreas due to innate and specific immune responses, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. T1D patients usually require regular insulin injections after meals to maintain normal serum glucose levels. In severe cases, pancreas or Langerhans islet transplantation can assist in reaching a sufficient β-mass to normalize glucose homeostasis. The latter procedure is limited because of low donor availability, high islet loss, and immune rejection. There is still a need to develop new technologies to improve islet survival and implantation and to keep the islets functional. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent non-hematopoietic progenitor cells with high plasticity that can support human pancreatic islet function both in vitro and in vivo and islet co-transplantation with MSCs is more effective than islet transplantation alone in attenuating diabetes progression. The beneficial effect of MSCs on islet function is due to a combined effect on angiogenesis, suppression of immune responses, and secretion of growth factors essential for islet survival and function. In this review, various aspects of MSCs related to islet function and diabetes are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Vogt Sionov
- The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research (IBOR), Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Ronit Ahdut-HaCohen
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Medical Research, Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel;
- Department of Science, The David Yellin Academic College of Education, Jerusalem 9103501, Israel
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3
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Ahn B. The Function of MondoA and ChREBP Nutrient-Sensing Factors in Metabolic Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108811. [PMID: 37240157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major global public health concern associated with an increased risk of many health problems, including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and some types of cancer. Obesity is also a critical factor in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance is associated with metabolic inflexibility, which interferes with the body's ability to switch from free fatty acids to carbohydrate substrates, as well as with the ectopic accumulation of triglycerides in non-adipose tissue, such as that of skeletal muscle, the liver, heart, and pancreas. Recent studies have demonstrated that MondoA (MLX-interacting protein or MLXIP) and the carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP, also known as MLXIPL and MondoB) play crucial roles in the regulation of nutrient metabolism and energy homeostasis in the body. This review summarizes recent advances in elucidating the function of MondoA and ChREBP in insulin resistance and related pathological conditions. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms by which MondoA and ChREBP transcription factors regulate glucose and lipid metabolism in metabolically active organs. Understanding the underlying mechanism of MondoA and ChREBP in insulin resistance and obesity can foster the development of new therapeutic strategies for treating metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungyong Ahn
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
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4
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Régnier M, Carbinatti T, Parlati L, Benhamed F, Postic C. The role of ChREBP in carbohydrate sensing and NAFLD development. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023; 19:336-349. [PMID: 37055547 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00809-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Excessive sugar consumption and defective glucose sensing by hepatocytes contribute to the development of metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hepatic metabolism of carbohydrates into lipids is largely dependent on the carbohydrate-responsive element binding protein (ChREBP), a transcription factor that senses intracellular carbohydrates and activates many different target genes, through the activation of de novo lipogenesis (DNL). This process is crucial for the storage of energy as triglycerides in hepatocytes. Furthermore, ChREBP and its downstream targets represent promising targets for the development of therapies for the treatment of NAFLD and T2DM. Although lipogenic inhibitors (for example, inhibitors of fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase or ATP citrate lyase) are currently under investigation, targeting lipogenesis remains a topic of discussion for NAFLD treatment. In this Review, we discuss mechanisms that regulate ChREBP activity in a tissue-specific manner and their respective roles in controlling DNL and beyond. We also provide in-depth discussion of the roles of ChREBP in the onset and progression of NAFLD and consider emerging targets for NAFLD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Régnier
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France.
| | - Thaïs Carbinatti
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Lucia Parlati
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Fadila Benhamed
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France.
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Mohammad Al-Amily I, Sjögren M, Duner P, Tariq M, Wollheim CB, Salehi A. Ablation of GPR56 Causes β-Cell Dysfunction by ATP Loss through Mistargeting of Mitochondrial VDAC1 to the Plasma Membrane. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030557. [PMID: 36979492 PMCID: PMC10046417 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of G Protein-Coupled Receptor 56 (GPR56), also referred to as Adhesion G-Protein-Coupled Ceceptor G1 (ADGRG1), by Collagen Type III (Coll III) prompts cell growth, proliferation, and survival, among other attributes. We investigated the signaling cascades mediating this functional effect in relation to the mitochondrial outer membrane voltage-dependent anion Channel-1 (VDAC1) expression in pancreatic β-cells. GPR56KD attenuated the Coll III-induced suppression of P70S6K, JNK, AKT, NFκB, STAT3, and STAT5 phosphorylation/activity in INS-1 cells cultured at 20 mM glucose (glucotoxicity) for 72 h. GPR56-KD also increased Chrebp, Txnip, and Vdac1 while decreasing Vdac2 mRNA expression. In GPR56-KD islet β-cells, Vdac1 was co-localized with SNAP-25, demonstrating its plasma membrane translocation. This resulted in ATP loss, reduced cAMP production and impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in INS-1 and human EndoC βH1 cells. The latter defects were reversed by an acute inhibition of VDAC1 with an antibody or the VDAC1 inhibitor VBIT-4. We demonstrate that Coll III potentiates GSIS by increasing cAMP and preserving β-cell functionality under glucotoxic conditions in a GPR56-dependent manner by attenuating the inflammatory response. These results emphasize GPR56 and VDAC1 as drug targets in conditions with impaired β-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israa Mohammad Al-Amily
- Department of Clinical Science, SUS, Division of Islet Cell Physiology, University of Lund, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marie Sjögren
- Department of Clinical Science, SUS, Division of Islet Cell Physiology, University of Lund, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Pontus Duner
- Department of Clinical Science, SUS, Division of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Mohammad Tariq
- Department of Clinical Science, SUS, Division of Islet Cell Physiology, University of Lund, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Claes B Wollheim
- Department of Clinical Science, SUS, Division of Islet Cell Physiology, University of Lund, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Albert Salehi
- Department of Clinical Science, SUS, Division of Islet Cell Physiology, University of Lund, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden
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Zhou D, Li X, Xiao X, Wang G, Chen B, Song Y, Liu X, He Q, Zhang H, Wu Q, Zhang L, Wu L, Shen Z, Hassan M, Zhao Y, Zhou W. Celastrol targets the ChREBP-TXNIP axis to ameliorates type 2 diabetes mellitus. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 110:154634. [PMID: 36603341 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) plays a pivotal role in regulation of blood glucose homeostasis and is an emerging therapeutic target in diabetes and its complications. Celastrol, a pentacyclic triterpene extracted from the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, can reduce insulin resistance and improve diabetic complications. PURPOSE This study aimed to untangle the mechanism of celastrol in ameliorating type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and evaluate its potential benefits as an anti-diabetic agent. METHODS db/db mice was used to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of celastrol in vivo; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and 2-NBDG assay were used to detect the effect of celastrol on insulin secretion and glucose uptake in cells; Western blotting, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) and immunohistological staining were used to examine effect of celastrol on the expression of TXNIP and the carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP). Molecular docking, cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), drug affinity responsive targets stability assay (DARTS) and mass spectrometry were used to test the direct binding between celastrol and ChREBP. Loss- and gain-of-function studies further confirmed the role of ChREBP and TXNIP in celastrol-mediated amelioration of T2DM. RESULTS Celastrol treatment significantly reduced blood glucose level, body weight and food intake, and improved glucose tolerance in db/db mice. Moreover, celastrol promoted insulin secretion and improved glucose homeostasis. Mechanistically, celastrol directly bound to ChREBP, a primary transcriptional factor upregulating TXNIP expression. By binding to ChREBP, celastrol inhibited its nuclear translocation and promoted its proteasomal degradation, thereby repressing TXNIP transcription and ultimately ameliorating T2DM through breaking the vicious cycle of hyperglycemia deterioration and TXNIP overexpression. CONCLUSION Celastrol ameliorates T2DM through targeting ChREBP-TXNIP aix. Our study identified ChREBP as a new direct molecular target of celastrol and revealed a novel mechanism for celastrol-mediated amelioration of T2DM, which provides experimental evidence for its possible use in the treatment of T2DM and new insight into diabetes drug development for targeting TXNIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duanfang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China; Department of pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China; Key laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Xiao
- The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Song
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
| | - Qichen He
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiuya Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
| | - Limei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
| | - Lihong Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengze Shen
- Department of pharmacy, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Moustapha Hassan
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Division of Bio-molecular and Cellular Medicine (BCM), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Ying Zhao
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Division of Bio-molecular and Cellular Medicine (BCM), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Weiying Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China; Key laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing, China.
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7
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Liu C, Dong W, Lv Z, Kong L, Ren X. Thioredoxin-interacting protein in diabetic retinal neurodegeneration: A novel potential therapeutic target for diabetic retinopathy. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:957667. [PMID: 36017183 PMCID: PMC9396221 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.957667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and has been considered a microvascular disease for a long time. However, recent evidence suggests that diabetic retinal neurodegeneration (DRN), which manifests as neuronal apoptosis, a decrease in optic nerve axons, and reactive gliosis, occurs prior to retinal microvascular alterations. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is an endogenous inhibitor of thioredoxin (Trx), and it acts by inhibiting its reducing capacity, thereby promoting cellular oxidative stress. In addition, it participates in regulating multiple signaling pathways as a member of the α-arrestin family of proteins. Accumulating evidence suggests that TXNIP is upregulated in diabetes and plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiological process of DR. In this review, we summarized the role of TXNIP in DRN, aiming to provide evidence for DR treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhi Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wenkang Dong
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhengshuai Lv
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengshuai Lv,
| | - Li Kong
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Li Kong,
| | - Xiang Ren
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Xiang Ren,
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8
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Mori C, Lee JY, Tokumoto M, Satoh M. Cadmium Toxicity Is Regulated by Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor δ in Human Proximal Tubular Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158652. [PMID: 35955783 PMCID: PMC9369238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that is widely present in the environment. Renal proximal tubule disorder is the main symptom of Cd chronic poisoning. Our previous study demonstrated that Cd inhibits the total activities of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) transcription factors in human and rat proximal tubular cells. In this study, we investigated the involvement of PPAR in Cd renal toxicity using the HK-2 human proximal tubular cell line. Among PPAR isoform genes, only PPARD knockdown significantly showed resistance to Cd toxicity in HK-2 cells. The transcriptional activity of PPARδ was decreased not only by PPARD knockdown but also by Cd treatment. DNA microarray analysis showed that PPARD knockdown changed the expression of apoptosis-related genes in HK-2 cells. PPARD knockdown decreased apoptosis signals and caspase-3 activity induced by Cd treatment. PPARD knockdown did not affect the intracellular Cd level after Cd treatment. These results suggest that PPARδ plays a critical role in the modification of susceptibility to Cd renal toxicity and that the apoptosis pathway may be involved in PPARδ-related Cd toxicity.
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9
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Katz LS, Brill G, Zhang P, Kumar A, Baumel-Alterzon S, Honig LB, Gómez-Banoy N, Karakose E, Tanase M, Doridot L, Alvarsson A, Davenport B, Wang P, Lambertini L, Stanley SA, Homann D, Stewart AF, Lo JC, Herman MA, Garcia-Ocaña A, Scott DK. Maladaptive positive feedback production of ChREBPβ underlies glucotoxic β-cell failure. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4423. [PMID: 35908073 PMCID: PMC9339008 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32162-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Preservation and expansion of β-cell mass is a therapeutic goal for diabetes. Here we show that the hyperactive isoform of carbohydrate response-element binding protein (ChREBPβ) is a nuclear effector of hyperglycemic stress occurring in β-cells in response to prolonged glucose exposure, high-fat diet, and diabetes. We show that transient positive feedback induction of ChREBPβ is necessary for adaptive β-cell expansion in response to metabolic challenges. Conversely, chronic excessive β-cell-specific overexpression of ChREBPβ results in loss of β-cell identity, apoptosis, loss of β-cell mass, and diabetes. Furthermore, β-cell "glucolipotoxicity" can be prevented by deletion of ChREBPβ. Moreover, ChREBPβ-mediated cell death is mitigated by overexpression of the alternate CHREBP gene product, ChREBPα, or by activation of the antioxidant Nrf2 pathway in rodent and human β-cells. We conclude that ChREBPβ, whether adaptive or maladaptive, is an important determinant of β-cell fate and a potential target for the preservation of β-cell mass in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liora S Katz
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Gabriel Brill
- Pharmacologic Sciences Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Pili Zhang
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Anil Kumar
- Metabolic Phenotyping Core, University of Utah, 15N 2030 E, 585, Radiobiology building, Room 151, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Sharon Baumel-Alterzon
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Lee B Honig
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Nicolás Gómez-Banoy
- Weill Center for Metabolic Health and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Esra Karakose
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Marius Tanase
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Ludivine Doridot
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Alvarsson
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
- Alpenglow Biosciences, Inc., 98103, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bennett Davenport
- 12800 East 19th Ave, Anschutz Medical Campus, Room P18-9403, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Peng Wang
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Luca Lambertini
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Sarah A Stanley
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Dirk Homann
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Andrew F Stewart
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - James C Lo
- Weill Center for Metabolic Health and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Mark A Herman
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Section of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS: 185, R614, 77030, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Adolfo Garcia-Ocaña
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Donald K Scott
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA.
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10
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Yokoyama A, Suzuki S, Okamoto K, Sugawara A. The physiological and pathophysiological roles of carbohydrate response element binding protein in the kidney. Endocr J 2022; 69:605-612. [PMID: 35474028 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej22-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose is not only the energy fuel for most cells, but also the signaling molecule which affects gene expression via carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP), a Mondo family transcription factor. In response to high glucose conditions, ChREBP regulates glycolytic and lipogenic genes by binding to carbohydrate response elements (ChoRE) in the regulatory region of its target genes, thus elucidating the role of ChREBP for converting excessively ingested carbohydrates to fatty acids as an energy storage in lipogenic tissues such as the liver and adipose tissue. While the pathophysiological roles of ChREBP for fatty liver and obesity in these tissues are well known, much of the physiological and pathophysiological roles of ChREBP in other tissues such as the kidney remains unclear despite its high levels of expression in them. This review will thus highlight the roles of ChREBP in the kidney and briefly introduce the latest research results that have been reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Yokoyama
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Susumu Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Koji Okamoto
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Akira Sugawara
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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11
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Basnet R, Bahadur T, Basnet BB, Khadka S. Overview on thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP): a potential target for diabetes intervention. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:761-767. [PMID: 35240955 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220303092324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disorder characterized by a persistent increment of blood glucose. Type 2 DM is characterized by insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is among the factors that control the production and loss of pancreatic β-cells. OBJECTIVE Recent studies have shown that high glucose can significantly up-regulate the expression of the TXNIP. Overexpression of TXNIP in β-cells not only induced apoptosis but also decreased the production of insulin. At the same time, TXNIP deficiency protected the apoptosis of β-cells, leading to increased insulin production. Therefore, finding small molecules that can modulate TXNIP expression and downstream signalling pathways is essential. Thus, the inhibition of TXNIP has beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system and other tissues such as the heart and the kidney in DM. Therefore, DM treatment must target small TXNIP activity, inhibit expression, and promote endogenous cell mass and insulin production. CONCLUSION This review briefly describes the effect mechanism, regulatory mechanism, and crystal structure of TXNIP. In addition, we highlight how TXNIP signalling networks contribute to diabetes and interact with drugs that inhibit the development often and its complexes. Finally, the current status and prospects of TXNIP targeted therapy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Basnet
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Til Bahadur
- Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Buddha Bahadur Basnet
- Faculty of Science, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Government of Nepal, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Sandhya Khadka
- Department of Pharmacy, Hope International College, Purbanchal University, Lalitpur, Nepal
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12
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Insulin-Responsive Transcription Factors. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121886. [PMID: 34944530 PMCID: PMC8699568 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The hormone insulin executes its function via binding and activating of the insulin receptor, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is mainly expressed in skeletal muscle, adipocytes, liver, pancreatic β-cells, and in some areas of the central nervous system. Stimulation of the insulin receptor activates intracellular signaling cascades involving the enzymes extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, protein kinase B/Akt, and phospholipase Cγ as signal transducers. Insulin receptor stimulation is correlated with multiple physiological and biochemical functions, including glucose transport, glucose homeostasis, food intake, proliferation, glycolysis, and lipogenesis. This review article focuses on the activation of gene transcription as a result of insulin receptor stimulation. Signal transducers such as protein kinases or the GLUT4-induced influx of glucose connect insulin receptor stimulation with transcription. We discuss insulin-responsive transcription factors that respond to insulin receptor activation and generate a transcriptional network executing the metabolic functions of insulin. Importantly, insulin receptor stimulation induces transcription of genes encoding essential enzymes of glycolysis and lipogenesis and inhibits genes encoding essential enzymes of gluconeogenesis. Overall, the activation or inhibition of insulin-responsive transcription factors is an essential aspect of orchestrating a wide range of insulin-induced changes in the biochemistry and physiology of insulin-responsive tissues.
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13
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Chen N, Song S, Yang Z, Wu M, Mu L, Zhou T, Shi Y. ChREBP deficiency alleviates apoptosis by inhibiting TXNIP/oxidative stress in diabetic nephropathy. J Diabetes Complications 2021; 35:108050. [PMID: 34600826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.108050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In the present study, we investigated the effect of carbohydrate responsive element binding protein (ChREBP) on the TXNIP/oxidative stress and apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy. METHODS ChREBP-/- mice (8-week old) were produced using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing approach. Diabetes was induced in C57BL/6 mice with streptozotocin. HK-2 cells was transfected with plasmid containing either ChREBP shRNA or TXNIP siRNA. RESULTS Renal expression of ChREBP and thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) was increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic mice. ChREBP deficiency improved renal function, apoptosis as well as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in diabetic mice. In addition, ChREBP deficiency prevented expression levels of TXNIP and NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in diabetic kidneys. The increased urinary 8-OHdG level induced by diabetes was also attenuated in ChREBP deficiency mice. Similarly, HG was shown to induce ChREBP expression and nuclear translocation in HK-2 cells. HG-induced apoptosis was inhibited by transfection of ChREBP shRNA plasmid. Moreover, we found that knockdown of ChREBP suppressed HG-induced TXNIP and Nox4 expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and ER stress in HK-2 cells. Furthermore, TXNIP knockdown effectively abrogated HG-induced apoptosis in HK-2 cells. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that ChREBP deficiency prevents diabetes-induced apoptosis via inhibiting oxidative stress and ER stress, highlighting ChREBP as a potential therapy target for diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Department of Pathology, Medical School, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Shan Song
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhifen Yang
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lin Mu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, China; Department of Nephrology, Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tengxiao Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yonghong Shi
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, China.
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The Roles of Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein in the Relationship between Carbohydrate Intake and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112058. [PMID: 34769488 PMCID: PMC8584459 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates are macronutrients that serve as energy sources. Many studies have shown that carbohydrate intake is nonlinearly associated with mortality. Moreover, high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) consumption is positively associated with obesity, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Accordingly, products with equal amounts of glucose and fructose have the worst effects on caloric intake, body weight gain, and glucose intolerance, suggesting that carbohydrate amount, kind, and form determine mortality. Understanding the role of carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) in glucose and lipid metabolism will be beneficial for elucidating the harmful effects of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), as this glucose-activated transcription factor regulates glycolytic and lipogenic gene expression. Glucose and fructose coordinately supply the metabolites necessary for ChREBP activation and de novo lipogenesis. Chrebp overexpression causes fatty liver and lower plasma glucose levels, and ChREBP deletion prevents obesity and fatty liver. Intestinal ChREBP regulates fructose absorption and catabolism, and adipose-specific Chrebp-knockout mice show insulin resistance. ChREBP also regulates the appetite for sweets by controlling fibroblast growth factor 21, which promotes energy expenditure. Thus, ChREBP partly mimics the effects of carbohydrate, especially HFCS. The relationship between carbohydrate intake and diseases partly resembles those between ChREBP activity and diseases.
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15
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Wakene W, Asmamaw S, Kahaliw W. Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activity of Leaf Extract and Solvent Fractions of Hypoestes forskaolii (Val) (Acanthaceae) in Mice. J Exp Pharmacol 2021; 13:859-872. [PMID: 34456590 PMCID: PMC8390888 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s318696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, there is a demand for new antidiabetic drugs from natural therapeutic agents, and diabetes mellitus disease is global epidemic. The leaf of Hypoestes forskaolii has been used in the traditional health system for the management of diabetes mellitus in Ethiopia and Eritrea. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and in vitro antioxidant activity of leaf extract and solvent fractions of the leaf of H. forskaolii (Vahl) in mice. Methods The blood glucose-lowering activities of leaf extract and solvent fractions of the leaf of H. forskaolii were screened in the normoglycemic, glucose loaded, and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice models. In the treatment of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice with leaf extract and solvent fractions, weight and lipid profile was measured. Antioxidant activity of the plant leaf extract was determined using DPPH assay. Results The leaf extract of H. forskaolii showed significant blood glucose reduction in the normoglycemic model and glucose loaded test at doses of 200 mg/kg (34.1%, p < 0.001 and 55.5%, p < 0.001), respectively, as compared to the normal control. In the streptozotocin-induced diabetic model, extract and solvent fractions significantly (p < 0.001) reduced blood glucose level at all tested doses (100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg) on the 14th day as compared to diabetic control. In addition, a significant reduction (p < 0.001) of serum TC, VLDL, LDL, TG was observed. In the antioxidant activity test, the IC50 values of extract and a standard drug (ascorbic acid) were 4.87µg/mL and 15.7µg/mL, respectively. Conclusion The present study showed that the methanolic leaf extract and solvent fractions of H. forskaolii have antidiabetic, and antioxidant activity that provides a scientific support for the local use of the plant leaves in the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wakuma Wakene
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Asmamaw
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Wubayehu Kahaliw
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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16
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Bravo-Ruiz I, Medina MÁ, Martínez-Poveda B. From Food to Genes: Transcriptional Regulation of Metabolism by Lipids and Carbohydrates. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051513. [PMID: 33946267 PMCID: PMC8145205 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids and carbohydrates regulate gene expression by means of molecules that sense these macronutrients and act as transcription factors. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), activated by some fatty acids or their derivatives, and the carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP), activated by glucose-derived metabolites, play a key role in metabolic homeostasis, especially in glucose and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, the action of both factors in obesity, diabetes and fatty liver, as well as the pharmacological development in the treatment of these pathologies are indeed of high relevance. In this review we present an overview of the discovery, mechanism of activation and metabolic functions of these nutrient-dependent transcription factors in different tissues contexts, from the nutritional genomics perspective. The possibility of targeting these factors in pharmacological approaches is also discussed. Lipid and carbohydrate-dependent transcription factors are key players in the complex metabolic homeostasis, but these factors also drive an adaptive response to non-physiological situations, such as overeating. Possibly the decisive role of ChREBP and PPAR in metabolic regulation points to them as ideal therapeutic targets, but their pleiotropic functions in different tissues makes it difficult to "hit the mark".
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Bravo-Ruiz
- Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; (I.B.-R.); (M.Á.M.)
| | - Miguel Ángel Medina
- Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; (I.B.-R.); (M.Á.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martínez-Poveda
- Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; (I.B.-R.); (M.Á.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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17
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Adaptive and maladaptive roles for ChREBP in the liver and pancreatic islets. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100623. [PMID: 33812993 PMCID: PMC8102921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive sugar consumption is a contributor to the worldwide epidemic of cardiometabolic disease. Understanding mechanisms by which sugar is sensed and regulates metabolic processes may provide new opportunities to prevent and treat these epidemics. Carbohydrate Responsive-Element Binding Protein (ChREBP) is a sugar-sensing transcription factor that mediates genomic responses to changes in carbohydrate abundance in key metabolic tissues. Carbohydrate metabolites activate the canonical form of ChREBP, ChREBP-alpha, which stimulates production of a potent, constitutively active ChREBP isoform called ChREBP-beta. Carbohydrate metabolites and other metabolic signals may also regulate ChREBP activity via posttranslational modifications including phosphorylation, acetylation, and O-GlcNAcylation that can affect ChREBP’s cellular localization, stability, binding to cofactors, and transcriptional activity. In this review, we discuss mechanisms regulating ChREBP activity and highlight phenotypes and controversies in ChREBP gain- and loss-of-function genetic rodent models focused on the liver and pancreatic islets.
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18
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Ke H, Luan Y, Wu S, Zhu Y, Tong X. The Role of Mondo Family Transcription Factors in Nutrient-Sensing and Obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:653972. [PMID: 33868181 PMCID: PMC8044463 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.653972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past several decades obesity has become one of the greatest health burdens worldwide. Diet high in fats and fructose is one of the main causes for the prevalence of metabolic disorders including obesity. Promoting brown or beige adipocyte development and activity is regarded as a potential treatment of obesity. Mondo family transcription factors including MondoA and carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) are critical for nutrient-sensing in multiple metabolic organs including the skeletal muscle, liver, adipose tissue and pancreas. Under normal nutrient conditions, MondoA and ChREBP contribute to maintaining metabolic homeostasis. When nutrient is overloaded, Mondo family transcription factors directly regulate glucose and lipid metabolism in brown and beige adipocytes or modulate the crosstalk between metabolic organs. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of recent advances in the understanding of MondoA and ChREBP in sensing nutrients and regulating obesity or related pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xuemei Tong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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19
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Zhang H, Shen Y, Kim IM, Weintraub NL, Tang Y. The Impaired Bioenergetics of Diabetic Cardiac Microvascular Endothelial Cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:642857. [PMID: 34054724 PMCID: PMC8160466 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.642857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes causes hyperglycemia, which can create a stressful environment for cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs). To investigate the impact of diabetes on the cellular metabolism of CMECs, we assessed glycolysis by quantifying the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) by measuring cellular oxygen consumption rate (OCR), in isolated CMECs from wild-type (WT) hearts and diabetic hearts (db/db) using an extracellular flux analyzer. Diabetic CMECs exhibited a higher level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and significantly reduced glycolytic reserve and non-glycolytic acidification, as compared to WT CMECs. In addition, OCR assay showed that diabetic CMECs had increased maximal respiration, and significantly reduced non-mitochondrial oxygen consumption and proton leak. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) showed no difference in copy number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) between diabetic and WT CMECs. In addition, gene expression profiling analysis showed an overall decrease in the expression of essential genes related to β-oxidation (Sirt1, Acox1, Acox3, Hadha, and Hadhb), tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) (Idh-3a and Ogdh), and electron transport chain (ETC) (Sdhd and Uqcrq) in diabetic CMECs compared to WT CMECs. Western blot confirmed that the protein expression of Hadha, Acox1, and Uqcrq was decreased in diabetic CMECs. Although lectin staining demonstrated no significant difference in capillary density between the hearts of WT mice and db/db mice, diabetic CMECs showed a lower percentage of cell proliferation by Ki67 staining, and a higher percentage of cellular apoptosis by TUNEL staining, compared with WT CMECs. In conclusion, excessive ROS caused by hyperglycemia is associated with impaired glycolysis and mitochondrial function in diabetic CMECs, which in turn may reduce proliferation and promote CMEC apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Zhang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Yan Shen
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Il-man Kim
- Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Neal L. Weintraub
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Yaoliang Tang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- *Correspondence: Yaoliang Tang,
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20
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Chen N, Mu L, Yang Z, Du C, Wu M, Song S, Yuan C, Shi Y. Carbohydrate response element-binding protein regulates lipid metabolism via mTOR complex1 in diabetic nephropathy. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:625-640. [PMID: 32583421 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lipid deposition caused by the disorder of renal lipid metabolism is involved in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP) is a key transcription factor in high glucose-induced cellular fat synthesis. At present, the regulation and mechanism of ChREBP on fat metabolism in diabetic kidneys are still unclear. In this study, we showed that lack of ChREBP significantly improved renal injury, inhibited oxidative stress, lipid deposition, fatty acid synthase (FASN), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) expression, as well as the activity of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) in diabetic kidneys. Meanwhile, ChREBP deficiency upregulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα), carnitine palmitoyltransferaser 1A (CPT1A) and acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1) in diabetic kidneys. In vitro, knockdown of ChREBP attenuated lipid deposition, mTORC1 activation, and expression of FASN and ACC, increased PPARα, CPT1A, and ACOX1 expression in HK-2 cells and podocytes under high glucose (HG) conditions. Moreover, HG-induced lipid deposition, increased expression of FASN and ACC and decreased expression of PPARα, CPT1A, and ACOX1 were reversed by rapamycin, a specific inhibitor of mTORC1, in HK-2 cells. These results indicate that ChREBP deficiency alleviates diabetes-associated renal lipid accumulation by inhibiting mTORC1 activity and suggest that reduction of ChREBP is a potential therapeutic strategy to treat DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lin Mu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Nephrology, Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhifen Yang
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chunyang Du
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shan Song
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chen Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yonghong Shi
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, China
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21
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Fan Q, Nørgaard RC, Grytten I, Ness CM, Lucas C, Vekterud K, Soedling H, Matthews J, Lemma RB, Gabrielsen OS, Bindesbøll C, Ulven SM, Nebb HI, Grønning-Wang LM, Sæther T. LXRα Regulates ChREBPα Transactivity in a Target Gene-Specific Manner through an Agonist-Modulated LBD-LID Interaction. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051214. [PMID: 32414201 PMCID: PMC7290792 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The cholesterol-sensing nuclear receptor liver X receptor (LXR) and the glucose-sensing transcription factor carbohydrate responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP) are central players in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver. More knowledge of their mechanistic interplay is needed to understand their role in pathological conditions like fatty liver disease and insulin resistance. In the current study, LXR and ChREBP co-occupancy was examined by analyzing ChIP-seq datasets from mice livers. LXR and ChREBP interaction was determined by Co-immunoprecipitation (CoIP) and their transactivity was assessed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) of target genes and gene reporter assays. Chromatin binding capacity was determined by ChIP-qPCR assays. Our data show that LXRα and ChREBPα interact physically and show a high co-occupancy at regulatory regions in the mouse genome. LXRα co-activates ChREBPα and regulates ChREBP-specific target genes in vitro and in vivo. This co-activation is dependent on functional recognition elements for ChREBP but not for LXR, indicating that ChREBPα recruits LXRα to chromatin in trans. The two factors interact via their key activation domains; the low glucose inhibitory domain (LID) of ChREBPα and the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of LXRα. While unliganded LXRα co-activates ChREBPα, ligand-bound LXRα surprisingly represses ChREBPα activity on ChREBP-specific target genes. Mechanistically, this is due to a destabilized LXRα:ChREBPα interaction, leading to reduced ChREBP-binding to chromatin and restricted activation of glycolytic and lipogenic target genes. This ligand-driven molecular switch highlights an unappreciated role of LXRα in responding to nutritional cues that was overlooked due to LXR lipogenesis-promoting function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Fan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway; (Q.F.); (K.V.); (C.B.)
| | - Rikke Christine Nørgaard
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway; (R.C.N.); (C.M.N.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (J.M.); (S.M.U.); (H.I.N.); (L.M.G.-W.)
| | - Ivar Grytten
- Department of Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Cecilie Maria Ness
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway; (R.C.N.); (C.M.N.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (J.M.); (S.M.U.); (H.I.N.); (L.M.G.-W.)
| | - Christin Lucas
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway; (R.C.N.); (C.M.N.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (J.M.); (S.M.U.); (H.I.N.); (L.M.G.-W.)
| | - Kristin Vekterud
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway; (Q.F.); (K.V.); (C.B.)
| | - Helen Soedling
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway; (R.C.N.); (C.M.N.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (J.M.); (S.M.U.); (H.I.N.); (L.M.G.-W.)
| | - Jason Matthews
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway; (R.C.N.); (C.M.N.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (J.M.); (S.M.U.); (H.I.N.); (L.M.G.-W.)
| | - Roza Berhanu Lemma
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway; (R.B.L.); (O.S.G.)
| | - Odd Stokke Gabrielsen
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway; (R.B.L.); (O.S.G.)
| | - Christian Bindesbøll
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway; (Q.F.); (K.V.); (C.B.)
| | - Stine Marie Ulven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway; (R.C.N.); (C.M.N.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (J.M.); (S.M.U.); (H.I.N.); (L.M.G.-W.)
| | - Hilde Irene Nebb
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway; (R.C.N.); (C.M.N.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (J.M.); (S.M.U.); (H.I.N.); (L.M.G.-W.)
| | - Line Mariann Grønning-Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway; (R.C.N.); (C.M.N.); (C.L.); (H.S.); (J.M.); (S.M.U.); (H.I.N.); (L.M.G.-W.)
| | - Thomas Sæther
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway; (Q.F.); (K.V.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +47-22-851510
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22
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Lei Y, Zhou S, Hu Q, Chen X, Gu J. Carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) correlates with colon cancer progression and contributes to cell proliferation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4233. [PMID: 32144313 PMCID: PMC7060312 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60903-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancers are characterized by reprogrammed glucose metabolisms to fuel cell growth and proliferation. Carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) is a glucose-mediated transcription factor that strongly regulates glycolytic and lipogenic pathways. It has been shown to associate with metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. However, how it associates with cancers has not been well understood. In this study, ChREBP expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in colon tissue arrays containing normal colon tissue and cancer tissue at different clinical stages. Tissue mRNA levels of ChREBP were also measured in a cohort of colon cancer patients. We found that ChREBP mRNA and protein expression were significantly increased in colon cancer tissue compared to healthy colon (p < 0.001), and their expression was positively correlated to colon malignancy (for mRNA, p = 0.002; for protein p < 0.001). Expression of lipogenic genes (ELOVL6 and SCD1) in colon cancer was also positively associated with colon malignancy (for both genes, p < 0.001). In vitro, ChREBP knockdown with siRNA transfection inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest without changes in apoptosis in colon cancer cell lines (HT29, DLD1 and SW480). Glycolytic and lipogenic pathways were inhibited but the p53 pathway was activated after ChREBP knockdown. Taken together, ChREBP expression is associated with colon malignancy and it might contribute to cell proliferation via promoting anabolic pathways and inhibiting p53. In addition, ChREBP might represent a novel clinical useful biomarker to evaluate the malignancy of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lei
- Department of Pathology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, Collaborative and Creative Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Jinxin Research Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Chengdu Jinjiang Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, 66 Jingxiu Road, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Shuling Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, Collaborative and Creative Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Jinxin Research Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Chengdu Jinjiang Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, 66 Jingxiu Road, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Qiaoling Hu
- Department of Pathology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, Collaborative and Creative Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xueling Chen
- Department of Pathology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, Collaborative and Creative Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiang Gu
- Department of Pathology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, Collaborative and Creative Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China.
- Jinxin Research Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Chengdu Jinjiang Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, 66 Jingxiu Road, Chengdu, 610066, China.
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23
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Agius L, Chachra SS, Ford BE. The Protective Role of the Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein in the Liver: The Metabolite Perspective. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:594041. [PMID: 33281747 PMCID: PMC7705168 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.594041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Carbohydrate response element binding protein, ChREBP encoded by the MLXIPL gene, is a transcription factor that is expressed at high levels in the liver and has a prominent function during consumption of high-carbohydrate diets. ChREBP is activated by raised cellular levels of phosphate ester intermediates of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and the pentose phosphate pathway. Its target genes include a wide range of enzymes and regulatory proteins, including G6pc, Gckr, Pklr, Prkaa1,2, and enzymes of lipogenesis. ChREBP activation cumulatively promotes increased disposal of phosphate ester intermediates to glucose, via glucose 6-phosphatase or to pyruvate via glycolysis with further metabolism by lipogenesis. Dietary fructose is metabolized in both the intestine and the liver and is more lipogenic than glucose. It also induces greater elevation in phosphate ester intermediates than glucose, and at high concentrations causes transient depletion of inorganic phosphate, compromised ATP homeostasis and degradation of adenine nucleotides to uric acid. ChREBP deficiency predisposes to fructose intolerance and compromised cellular phosphate ester and ATP homeostasis and thereby markedly aggravates the changes in metabolite levels caused by dietary fructose. The recent evidence that high fructose intake causes more severe hepatocyte damage in ChREBP-deficient models confirms the crucial protective role for ChREBP in maintaining intracellular phosphate homeostasis. The improved ATP homeostasis in hepatocytes isolated from mice after chronic activation of ChREBP with a glucokinase activator supports the role of ChREBP in the control of intracellular homeostasis. It is hypothesized that drugs that activate ChREBP confer a protective role in the liver particularly in compromised metabolic states.
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24
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Song Z, Yang H, Zhou L, Yang F. Glucose-Sensing Transcription Factor MondoA/ChREBP as Targets for Type 2 Diabetes: Opportunities and Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5132. [PMID: 31623194 PMCID: PMC6829382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The worldwide increase in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is becoming a major health concern, thus searching for novel preventive and therapeutic strategies has become urgent. In last decade, the paralogous transcription factors MondoA and carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP) have been revealed to be central mediators of glucose sensing in multiple metabolic organs. Under normal nutrient conditions, MondoA/ChREBP plays vital roles in maintaining glucose homeostasis. However, under chronic nutrient overload, the dysregulation of MondoA/ChREBP contributes to metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance (IR) and T2D. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of recent advances in the understanding of MondoA/ChREBP and its roles in T2D development. Specifically, we will briefly summarize the functional similarities and differences between MondoA and ChREBP. Then, we will update the roles of MondoA/ChREBP in four T2D-associated metabolic organs (i.e., the skeletal muscle, liver, adipose tissue, and pancreas) in physiological and pathological conditions. Finally, we will discuss the opportunities and challenges of MondoA/ChREBP as drug targets for anti-diabetes. By doing so, we highlight the potential use of therapies targeting MondoA/ChREBP to counteract T2D and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
- Departments of Medicine and Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Hao Yang
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal and CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.
| | - Lei Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Fajun Yang
- Departments of Medicine and Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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25
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Belayneh YM, Birhanu Z, Birru EM, Getenet G. Evaluation of in vivo antidiabetic, antidyslipidemic, and in vitro antioxidant activities of hydromethanolic root extract of Datura stramonium L. (Solanaceae). J Exp Pharmacol 2019; 11:29-38. [PMID: 31114400 PMCID: PMC6485036 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s192264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global morbidity and mortality rates of diabetes mellitus are persistently increasing. There is a demand for new antidiabetic drugs because the safety and efficacy of currently available medications are limited. The present study was therefore conducted to study the antidiabetic activities of the hydromethanolic root extract of Datura stramonium L. (Solanaceae) in mice. METHODS Blood glucose lowering activity of three doses (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) of the hydromethanolic root extract of D. stramonium was tested on normoglycemic, oral glucose-loaded, and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice models. The effect of the extract on body weight and diabetic dyslipidemia was also studied on STZ-induced diabetic mice. Additionally, antioxidant activity of the plant extract was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazine free radical scavenging assay. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc multiple comparison test. RESULTS The hydromethanolic root extract did not show significant hypoglycemic activity in normoglycemic mice. The plant extract at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg significantly (P<0.05) reduced blood glucose levels of oral glucose-loaded and diabetic mice. All the three doses of the root extract significantly improved diabetic dyslipidemia and the body weight of diabetic mice. Free radical scavenging activity of the root extract was found to be comparable to ascorbic acid with an IC50 of 13.47 µg/mL. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the hydromethanolic root extract of D. stramonium possesses significant antidiabetic, antidyslipidemic, and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaschilal Muche Belayneh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia,
| | - Zewdu Birhanu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Eshetie Melese Birru
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Gedefaw Getenet
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia,
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26
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Al-Amily IM, Dunér P, Groop L, Salehi A. The functional impact of G protein-coupled receptor 142 (Gpr142) on pancreatic β-cell in rodent. Pflugers Arch 2019; 471:633-645. [PMID: 30767071 PMCID: PMC6435787 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-019-02262-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We have recently shown that the G protein-coupled receptor 142 (GPR142) is expressed in both rodent and human pancreatic β-cells. Herein, we investigated the cellular distribution of GPR142 within islets and the effects of selective agonists of GPR142 on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in the mouse islets and INS-1832/13 cells. Double-immunostaining revealed that GPR142 immunoreactivity in islets mainly occurs in insulin-positive cells. Potentiation of GSIS by GPR142 activation was accompanied by increased cAMP content in INS-1832/13 cells. PKA/Epac inhibition markedly suppressed the effect of GPR142 activation on insulin release. Gpr142 knockdown (Gpr142-KD) in islets was accompanied by elevated release of MCP-1, IFNγ, and TNFα during culture period and abolished the modulatory effect of GPR142 activation on the GSIS. Gpr142-KD had no effect on Ffar1, Ffar2, or Ffar3 mRNA while reducing Gpr56 and increasing Tlr5 and Tlr7 mRNA expression. Gpr142-KD was associated with an increased expression of Chrebp, Txnip, RhoA, and mitochondrial Vdac1 concomitant with a reduced Pdx1, Pax6, and mitochondrial Vdac2 mRNA levels. Long-term exposure of INS-1832/13 cells to hyperglycemia reduced Gpr142 and Vdac2 while increased Chrebp, Txnip, and Vdac1 mRNA expression. GPR142 agonists or Bt2-cAMP counteracted this effect. Glucotoxicity-induced decrease of cell viability in Gpr142-KD INS-1 cells was not affected by GPR142-agonists while Bt2-cAMP prevented it. The results show the importance of Gpr142 in the maintenance of pancreatic β-cell function in rodents and that GPR142 agonists potentiate GSIS by an action, which most likely is due to increased cellular generation of second messenger molecule cAMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israa Mohammad Al-Amily
- Department of Clinical Science, SUS, Division of Islet Cell Physiology, University of Lund, Jan Waldenströmsgata 35, Building 91, Floor 11, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Pontus Dunér
- Experimental cardiovascular research, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Science, SUS, Division of Islet Cell Physiology, University of Lund, Jan Waldenströmsgata 35, Building 91, Floor 11, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Metabolic Research Unit, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Albert Salehi
- Department of Clinical Science, SUS, Division of Islet Cell Physiology, University of Lund, Jan Waldenströmsgata 35, Building 91, Floor 11, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden. .,Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Metabolic Research Unit, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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27
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Zhang E, Mohammed Al-Amily I, Mohammed S, Luan C, Asplund O, Ahmed M, Ye Y, Ben-Hail D, Soni A, Vishnu N, Bompada P, De Marinis Y, Groop L, Shoshan-Barmatz V, Renström E, Wollheim CB, Salehi A. Preserving Insulin Secretion in Diabetes by Inhibiting VDAC1 Overexpression and Surface Translocation in β Cells. Cell Metab 2019; 29:64-77.e6. [PMID: 30293774 PMCID: PMC6331340 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) develops after years of prediabetes during which high glucose (glucotoxicity) impairs insulin secretion. We report that the ATP-conducting mitochondrial outer membrane voltage-dependent anion channel-1 (VDAC1) is upregulated in islets from T2D and non-diabetic organ donors under glucotoxic conditions. This is caused by a glucotoxicity-induced transcriptional program, triggered during years of prediabetes with suboptimal blood glucose control. Metformin counteracts VDAC1 induction. VDAC1 overexpression causes its mistargeting to the plasma membrane of the insulin-secreting β cells with loss of the crucial metabolic coupling factor ATP. VDAC1 antibodies and inhibitors prevent ATP loss. Through direct inhibition of VDAC1 conductance, metformin, like specific VDAC1 inhibitors and antibodies, restores the impaired generation of ATP and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in T2D islets. Treatment of db/db mice with VDAC1 inhibitor prevents hyperglycemia, and maintains normal glucose tolerance and physiological regulation of insulin secretion. Thus, β cell function is preserved by targeting the novel diabetes executer protein VDAC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enming Zhang
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, Malmö 214 28, Sweden
| | - Israa Mohammed Al-Amily
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, Malmö 214 28, Sweden
| | - Sarheed Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, Malmö 214 28, Sweden
| | - Cheng Luan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, Malmö 214 28, Sweden
| | - Olof Asplund
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, Malmö 214 28, Sweden
| | - Meftun Ahmed
- Academic Hospital Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yingying Ye
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, Malmö 214 28, Sweden
| | - Danya Ben-Hail
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Arvind Soni
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, Malmö 214 28, Sweden
| | - Neelanjan Vishnu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, Malmö 214 28, Sweden
| | - Pradeep Bompada
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, Malmö 214 28, Sweden
| | - Yang De Marinis
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, Malmö 214 28, Sweden
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, Malmö 214 28, Sweden; Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Varda Shoshan-Barmatz
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Erik Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, Malmö 214 28, Sweden
| | - Claes B Wollheim
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, Malmö 214 28, Sweden; Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University Medical Centre, 1 rue Michel-Servet, Geneva 4, Switzerland.
| | - Albert Salehi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, Malmö 214 28, Sweden.
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28
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Song Z, Xiaoli AM, Yang F. Regulation and Metabolic Significance of De Novo Lipogenesis in Adipose Tissues. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101383. [PMID: 30274245 PMCID: PMC6213738 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
De novo lipogenesis (DNL) is a complex and highly regulated process in which carbohydrates from circulation are converted into fatty acids that are then used for synthesizing either triglycerides or other lipid molecules. Dysregulation of DNL contributes to human diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Thus, the lipogenic pathway may provide a new therapeutic opportunity for combating various pathological conditions that are associated with dysregulated lipid metabolism. Hepatic DNL has been well documented, but lipogenesis in adipocytes and its contribution to energy homeostasis and insulin sensitivity are less studied. Recent reports have gained significant insights into the signaling pathways that regulate lipogenic transcription factors and the role of DNL in adipose tissues. In this review, we will update the current knowledge of DNL in white and brown adipose tissues with the focus on transcriptional, post-translational, and central regulation of DNL. We will also summarize the recent findings of adipocyte DNL as a source of some signaling molecules that critically regulate energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Song
- Departments of Medicine and Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Alus M Xiaoli
- Departments of Medicine and Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Fajun Yang
- Departments of Medicine and Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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29
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Short-term high glucose culture potentiates pancreatic beta cell function. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13061. [PMID: 30166558 PMCID: PMC6117280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31325-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The exposure of pancreatic islets to high glucose is believed to be one of the causal factors of the progressive lowering of insulin secretion in the development of type 2 diabetes. The progression of beta cell failure to type 2 diabetes is preceded by an early positive increase in the insulin secretory response to glucose, which is only later followed by a loss in the secretion capacity of pancreatic islets. Here we have investigated the electrophysiological mechanisms underlying the early glucose-mediated gain of function. Rodent pancreatic islets or dispersed islet cells were cultured in medium containing either 5.6 (control) or 16.7 (high-glucose) mM glucose for 24 h after isolation. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was enhanced in a concentration-dependent manner in high glucose-cultured islets. This was associated with a positive effect on beta cell exocytotic capacity, a lower basal KATP conductance and a higher glucose sensitivity to fire action potentials. Despite no changes in voltage-gated Ca2+ currents were observed in voltage-clamp experiments, the [Ca2+]I responses to glucose were drastically increased in high glucose-cultured cells. Of note, voltage-dependent K+ currents were decreased and their activation was shifted to more depolarized potentials by high-glucose culture. This decrease in voltage-dependent K+ channel (Kv) current may be responsible for the elevated [Ca2+]I response to metabolism-dependent and independent stimuli, associated with more depolarized membrane potentials with lower amplitude oscillations in high glucose-cultured beta cells. Overall these results show that beta cells improve their response to acute challenges after short-term culture with high glucose by a mechanism that involves modulation not only of metabolism but also of ion fluxes and exocytosis, in which Kv activity appears as an important regulator.
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30
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Kumar A, Katz LS, Schulz AM, Kim M, Honig LB, Li L, Davenport B, Homann D, Garcia-Ocaña A, Herman MA, Haynes CM, Chipuk JE, Scott DK. Activation of Nrf2 Is Required for Normal and ChREBPα-Augmented Glucose-Stimulated β-Cell Proliferation. Diabetes 2018; 67:1561-1575. [PMID: 29764859 PMCID: PMC6054434 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Patients with both major forms of diabetes would benefit from therapies that increase β-cell mass. Glucose, a natural mitogen, drives adaptive expansion of β-cell mass by promoting β-cell proliferation. We previously demonstrated that a carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBPα) is required for glucose-stimulated β-cell proliferation and that overexpression of ChREBPα amplifies the proliferative effect of glucose. Here we found that ChREBPα reprogrammed anabolic metabolism to promote proliferation. ChREBPα increased mitochondrial biogenesis, oxygen consumption rates, and ATP production. Proliferation augmentation by ChREBPα required the presence of ChREBPβ. ChREBPα increased the expression and activity of Nrf2, initiating antioxidant and mitochondrial biogenic programs. The induction of Nrf2 was required for ChREBPα-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis and for glucose-stimulated and ChREBPα-augmented β-cell proliferation. Overexpression of Nrf2 was sufficient to drive human β-cell proliferation in vitro; this confirms the importance of this pathway. Our results reveal a novel pathway necessary for β-cell proliferation that may be exploited for therapeutic β-cell regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Liora S Katz
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Anna M Schulz
- Departments of Oncological Sciences and Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Misung Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lee B Honig
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Lucy Li
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Bennett Davenport
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Dirk Homann
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Adolfo Garcia-Ocaña
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Mark A Herman
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Cole M Haynes
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jerry E Chipuk
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Departments of Oncological Sciences and Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Donald K Scott
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
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31
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Richards P, Rachdi L, Oshima M, Marchetti P, Bugliani M, Armanet M, Postic C, Guilmeau S, Scharfmann R. MondoA Is an Essential Glucose-Responsive Transcription Factor in Human Pancreatic β-Cells. Diabetes 2018; 67:461-472. [PMID: 29282201 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Although the mechanisms by which glucose regulates insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells are now well described, the way glucose modulates gene expression in such cells needs more understanding. Here, we demonstrate that MondoA, but not its paralog carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein, is the predominant glucose-responsive transcription factor in human pancreatic β-EndoC-βH1 cells and in human islets. In high-glucose conditions, MondoA shuttles to the nucleus where it is required for the induction of the glucose-responsive genes arrestin domain-containing protein 4 (ARRDC4) and thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP), the latter being a protein strongly linked to β-cell dysfunction and diabetes. Importantly, increasing cAMP signaling in human β-cells, using forskolin or the glucagon-like peptide 1 mimetic Exendin-4, inhibits the shuttling of MondoA and potently inhibits TXNIP and ARRDC4 expression. Furthermore, we demonstrate that silencing MondoA expression improves glucose uptake in EndoC-βH1 cells. These results highlight MondoA as a novel target in β-cells that coordinates transcriptional response to elevated glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Richards
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Latif Rachdi
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Masaya Oshima
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Bugliani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mathieu Armanet
- Cell Therapy Unit Hospital Saint-Louis and University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Guilmeau
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Raphael Scharfmann
- INSERM U1016, Cochin Institute, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
- University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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32
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Zeng K, Tian L, Sirek A, Shao W, Liu L, Chiang YT, Chernoff J, Ng DS, Weng J, Jin T. Pak1 mediates the stimulatory effect of insulin and curcumin on hepatic ChREBP expression. J Mol Cell Biol 2017; 9:384-394. [PMID: 28992163 PMCID: PMC5907843 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjx031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin can stimulate hepatic expression of carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP). As recent studies revealed potential metabolic beneficial effects of ChREBP, we asked whether its expression can also be regulated by the dietary polyphenol curcumin. We also aimed to determine mechanisms underlying ChREBP stimulation by insulin and curcumin. The effect of insulin on ChREBP expression was assessed in mouse hepatocytes, while the effect of curcumin was assessed in mouse hepatocytes and with curcumin gavage in mice. Chemical inhibitors for insulin signaling molecules were utilized to identify involved signaling molecules, and the involvement of p21-activated protein kinase 1 (Pak1) was determined with its chemical inhibitor and Pak1-/- hepatocytes. We found that both insulin and curcumin-stimulated ChREBP expression in Akt-independent but MEK/ERK-dependent manner, involving the inactivation of the transcriptional repressor Oct-1. Aged Pak1-/- mice showed reduced body fat volume. Pak1 inhibition or its genetic deletion attenuated the stimulatory effect of insulin or curcumin on ChREBP expression. Our study hence suggests the existence of a novel signaling cascade Pak1/MEK/ERK/Oct-1 for both insulin and curcumin in exerting their glucose-lowering effect via promoting hepatic ChREBP production, supports the recognition of beneficial functions of ChREBP, and brings us a new overview on dietary polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejing Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Tian
- Toronto General Research Institutes, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Adam Sirek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Weijuan Shao
- Toronto General Research Institutes, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ling Liu
- Toronto General Research Institutes, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yu-Ting Chiang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jonathan Chernoff
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dominic S Ng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Department of Medicine, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jianping Weng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianru Jin
- Toronto General Research Institutes, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Jois T, Sleeman MW. The regulation and role of carbohydrate response element-binding protein in metabolic homeostasis and disease. J Neuroendocrinol 2017; 29. [PMID: 28370553 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP) is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper transcription factor family. Under high-glucose conditions, it has a role in regulating the expression of key genes involved in various pathways, including glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis. It does this by forming a tetrameric complex made up of two ChREBP/Mlx heterodimers, which enables it to bind to the carbohydrate response element (ChoRE) in the promoter region of its target genes to regulate transcription. Because ChREBP plays a key role in glucose signalling and metabolism, and aberrations in glucose homeostasis are often present in metabolic diseases, this transcription factor presents itself as an enticing target with respect to further understanding metabolic disease mechanisms and potentially uncovering new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jois
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - M W Sleeman
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Abdul-Wahed A, Guilmeau S, Postic C. Sweet Sixteenth for ChREBP: Established Roles and Future Goals. Cell Metab 2017; 26:324-341. [PMID: 28768172 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
With the identification of ChREBP in 2001, our interest in understanding the molecular control of carbohydrate sensing has surged. While ChREBP was initially studied as a master regulator of lipogenesis in liver and fat tissue, it is now clear that ChREBP functions as a central metabolic coordinator in a variety of cell types in response to environmental and hormonal signals, with wide implications in health and disease. Celebrating its sweet sixteenth birthday, we review here the current knowledge about the function and regulation of ChREBP throughout usual and less explored tissues, to recapitulate ChREBP's role as a whole-body glucose sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Abdul-Wahed
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Sandra Guilmeau
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France.
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35
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Richards P, Ourabah S, Montagne J, Burnol AF, Postic C, Guilmeau S. MondoA/ChREBP: The usual suspects of transcriptional glucose sensing; Implication in pathophysiology. Metabolism 2017; 70:133-151. [PMID: 28403938 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Identification of the Mondo glucose-responsive transcription factors family, including the MondoA and MondoB/ChREBP paralogs, has shed light on the mechanism whereby glucose affects gene transcription. They have clearly emerged, in recent years, as key mediators of glucose sensing by multiple cell types. MondoA and ChREBP have overlapping yet distinct expression profiles, which underlie their downstream targets and separate roles in regulating genes involved in glucose metabolism. MondoA can restrict glucose uptake and influences energy utilization in skeletal muscle, while ChREBP signals energy storage through de novo lipogenesis in liver and white adipose tissue. Because Mondo proteins mediate metabolic adaptations to changing glucose levels, a better understanding of cellular glucose sensing through Mondo proteins will likely uncover new therapeutic opportunities in the context of the imbalanced glucose homeostasis that accompanies metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cancer. Here, we provide an overview of structural homologies, transcriptional partners as well as the nutrient and hormonal mechanisms underlying Mondo proteins regulation. We next summarize their relative contribution to energy metabolism changes in physiological states and the evolutionary conservation of these pathways. Finally, we discuss their possible targeting in human pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Richards
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, 75014, France; CNRS, UMR 8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Ourabah
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, 75014, France; CNRS, UMR 8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Montagne
- Institut for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, CEA, UMR 9198, F-91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Anne-Françoise Burnol
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, 75014, France; CNRS, UMR 8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, 75014, France; CNRS, UMR 8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Guilmeau
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, 75014, France; CNRS, UMR 8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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Carlessi R, Keane KN, Mamotte C, Newsholme P. Nutrient regulation of β-cell function: what do islet cell/animal studies tell us? Eur J Clin Nutr 2017; 71:890-895. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2017.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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The transcription factor carbohydrate-response element-binding protein (ChREBP): A possible link between metabolic disease and cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1863:474-485. [PMID: 27919710 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-response element-binding protein (ChREBP) has been identified as a transcription factor that binds to carbohydrate response element in the promoter of pyruvate kinase, liver and red blood cells. ChREBP is activated by metabolites derived from glucose and suppressed by adenosine monophosphate (AMP), ketone bodies and cyclic cAMP. ChREBP regulates gene transcription related to glucose and lipid metabolism. Findings from knockout mice and human subjects suggest that ChREBP helps to induce hepatic steatosis, dyslipidemia, and glucose intolerance. Moreover, in tumor cells, ChREBP promotes aerobic glycolysis through p53 inhibition, resulting in tumor cell proliferation. Anti-diabetic and anti-lipidemic drugs such as atorvastatin, metformin, bile acid sequestrants, docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid may affect ChREBP transactivity. Secretory proteins such as fibroblast growth factor 21 and ANGPTL8 (Betatrophin) may be promising candidates for biologic markers reflecting ChREBP transactivity. Thus, ChREBP is associated with metabolic diseases and cancers, and may be a link between them.
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Jing G, Chen J, Xu G, Shalev A. Islet ChREBP-β is increased in diabetes and controls ChREBP-α and glucose-induced gene expression via a negative feedback loop. Mol Metab 2016; 5:1208-1215. [PMID: 27900263 PMCID: PMC5123192 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Carbohydrate-response element-binding protein (ChREBP) is the major transcription factor conferring glucose-induced gene expression in pancreatic islets, liver and adipose tissue. Recently, a novel ChREBP isoform, ChREBP-β, was identified in adipose tissue and found to be also expressed in islets and involved in glucose-induced beta cell proliferation. However, the physiological function of this less abundant β-isoform in the islet, and in diabetes, is largely unknown. The aims of the present study, therefore, were to determine how diabetes affects ChREBP-β and elucidate its physiological role in pancreatic beta cells. METHODS Non-obese diabetic and obese, diabetic ob/ob mice were used as models of T1D and T2D and human islets and the rat INS-1 beta cell line were exposed to low/high glucose and used for ChREBP isoform-specific gain-and-loss-of-function experiments. Changes in ChREBP-β and ChREBP-α were assessed by qRT-PCR, immunoblotting, promoter luciferase, and chromatin immunoprecipitation studies. RESULTS Expression of the ChREBP-β isoform was highly induced in diabetes and by glucose, whereas ChREBP-α was downregulated. Interestingly, ChREBP-β gain-of-function experiments further revealed that it was ChREBP-β that downregulated ChREBP-α through a negative feedback loop. On the other hand, ChREBP-β knockdown led to unabated ChREBP-α activity and glucose-induced expression of target genes, suggesting that one of the physiological roles of this novel β-isoform is to help keep glucose-induced and ChREBP-α-mediated gene expression under control. CONCLUSIONS We have identified a previously unappreciated negative feedback loop by which glucose-induced ChREBP-β downregulates ChREBP-α-signaling providing new insight into the physiological role of islet ChREBP-β and into the regulation of glucose-induced gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gu Jing
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Junqin Chen
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Guanlan Xu
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Anath Shalev
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Baraille F, Planchais J, Dentin R, Guilmeau S, Postic C. Integration of ChREBP-Mediated Glucose Sensing into Whole Body Metabolism. Physiology (Bethesda) 2016; 30:428-37. [PMID: 26525342 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00016.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Since glucose is the principal energy source for most cells, many organisms have evolved numerous and sophisticated mechanisms to sense glucose and respond to it appropriately. In this context, cloning of the carbohydrate responsive element binding protein has unraveled a critical molecular link between glucose metabolism and transcriptional reprogramming induced by glucose. In this review, we detail major findings that have advanced our knowledge of glucose sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriane Baraille
- Inserm U1016 Institut Cochin, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France; and Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Julien Planchais
- Inserm U1016 Institut Cochin, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France; and Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Renaud Dentin
- Inserm U1016 Institut Cochin, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France; and Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Guilmeau
- Inserm U1016 Institut Cochin, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France; and Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- Inserm U1016 Institut Cochin, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France; and Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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40
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Logan SM, Storey KB. Tissue-specific response of carbohydrate-responsive element binding protein (ChREBP) to mammalian hibernation in 13-lined ground squirrels. Cryobiology 2016; 73:103-11. [PMID: 27614289 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian hibernation is characterized by a general suppression of energy expensive processes and a switch to lipid oxidation as the primary fuel source. Glucose-responsive carbohydrate responsive element binding protein (ChREBP) has yet to be studied in hibernating organisms, which prepare for the cold winter months by feeding until they exhibit an obesity-like state that is accompanied by naturally-induced and completely reversible insulin resistance. Studying ChREBP expression and activity in the hibernating 13-lined ground squirrel is important to better understand the molecular mechanisms that regulate energy metabolism under cellular stress. Immunoblotting was used to determine the relative expression level and subcellular localization of ChREBP, as well as serine phosphorylation at 95 kDa, comparing euthermic and late torpid ground squirrel liver, kidney, heart and muscle. DNA-binding ELISAs and RT-PCR were used to explore ChREBP transcriptional activity during cold stress. ChREBP activity seemed generally suppressed in liver and kidney. During torpor, ChREBP total protein levels decreased to 44% of EC in liver, phosphoserine levels increased 2.1-fold of EC in kidney, and downstream Fasn/Pkl transcript levels decreased to <60% of EC in liver. By contrast, ChREBP activity generally increased during torpor in cardiac and skeletal muscle, where ChREBP total protein levels increased over 1.5-fold and 5-fold of EC in muscle and heart, respectively; where DNA-binding increased by ∼2-fold of EC in muscle; and where Fasn transcript levels increased over 3-fold and 7-fold in both muscle and heart, respectively. In summary, ChREBP has a tissue-specific role in regulating energy metabolism during hibernation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Logan
- Institute of Biochemistry & Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry & Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
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Schmidt SF, Madsen JGS, Frafjord KØ, Poulsen LLC, Salö S, Boergesen M, Loft A, Larsen BD, Madsen MS, Holst JJ, Maechler P, Dalgaard LT, Mandrup S. Integrative Genomics Outlines a Biphasic Glucose Response and a ChREBP-RORγ Axis Regulating Proliferation in β Cells. Cell Rep 2016; 16:2359-72. [PMID: 27545881 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose is an important inducer of insulin secretion, but it also stimulates long-term adaptive changes in gene expression that can either promote or antagonize the proliferative potential and function of β cells. Here, we have generated time-resolved profiles of enhancer and transcriptional activity in response to glucose in the INS-1E pancreatic β cell line. Our data outline a biphasic response with a first transcriptional wave during which metabolic genes are activated, and a second wave where cell-cycle genes are activated and β cell identity genes are repressed. The glucose-sensing transcription factor ChREBP directly activates first wave enhancers, whereas repression and activation of second wave enhancers are indirect. By integrating motif enrichment within late-regulated enhancers with expression profiles of the associated transcription factors, we have identified multiple putative regulators of the second wave. These include RORγ, the activity of which is important for glucose-induced proliferation of both INS-1E and primary rat β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Fisker Schmidt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Jesper Grud Skat Madsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; NNF Center of Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Kari Østerli Frafjord
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Lars la Cour Poulsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Sofia Salö
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Michael Boergesen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Anne Loft
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Bjørk Ditlev Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Maria Stahl Madsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Jens Juul Holst
- NNF Center of Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Pierre Maechler
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Louise Torp Dalgaard
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Susanne Mandrup
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.
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Abstract
The recent recognition of the clinical association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and several types of human cancer has been further highlighted by reports of antidiabetic drugs treating or promoting cancer. At the cellular level, a plethora of molecules operating within distinct signaling pathways suggests cross-talk between the multiple pathways at the interface of the diabetes–cancer link. Additionally, a growing body of emerging evidence implicates homeostatic pathways that may become imbalanced during the pathogenesis of T2D or cancer or that become chronically deregulated by prolonged drug administration, leading to the development of cancer in diabetes and vice versa. This notion underscores the importance of combining clinical and basic mechanistic studies not only to unravel mechanisms of disease development but also to understand mechanisms of drug action. In turn, this may help the development of personalized strategies in which drug doses and administration durations are tailored to individual cases at different stages of the disease progression to achieve more efficacious treatments that undermine the diabetes–cancer association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slavica Tudzarova
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London WC1E6BT, UK
| | - Mahasin A Osman
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Pharmacology and Biotechnology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 Department of Chemistry and Forensic Sciences, College of Sciences and Technology, Savannah State University, Savannah, GA 41404
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Cheng Y, Shen J, Ren W, Hao H, Xie Z, Liu J, Mu Y, Han W. Mild hyperglycemia triggered islet function recovery in streptozotocin-induced insulin-deficient diabetic rats. J Diabetes Investig 2016; 8:44-55. [PMID: 27184687 PMCID: PMC5217940 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction Moderate elevation of glucose level has been shown to effectively promote β‐cell replication in various models in vitro and in normal rodents. Here, we aimed to test the effect of moderately elevated glucose on β‐cell mass expansion and islet function recovery in diabetic animal models. Materials and Methods A single high dose of streptozotocin was given to induce insulin‐deficient diabetes in adult male Sprague–Dawley rats. Then, 48 h after streptozotocin injection, newly diabetic rats were randomly divided into three groups: (i) no treatment to maintain hyperglycemia; (ii) daily exogenous long‐acting human insulin analog injection that maintained mild hyperglycemia (15 mmol/L < blood glucose < 18 mmol/L); (iii) daily exogenous long‐acting human insulin analog injection to restore normoglycemia (blood glucose <8 mmol/L) as a control. Islet function, β‐cell regeneration and β‐cell replication were monitored during the entire analysis period. Results A single high dose of streptozotocin induced massive loss of β‐cells, resulting in irreversible hyperglycemia. Mild hyperglycemia markedly promoted β‐cell proliferation, leading to robust β‐cell regeneration. Importantly, rats that maintained mild hyperglycemia showed nearly normal glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion, glucose disposal and random blood glucose levels, suggesting almost full restoration of the islet function. Normalization of blood glucose levels profoundly blunted β‐cell replication, regeneration and islet function recovery observed in mild hyperglycemia. Conclusions Our research provides a feasible approach to stimulate in situ β‐cell regeneration in diabetic rats, offering new perspectives for diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA 309 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Haojie Hao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zongyan Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiejie Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Mu
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Life Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Zhou J, Shen X, Lu Q, Zhang M. Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein (TXNIP) Suppresses Expression of Glutamine Synthetase by Inducing Oxidative Stress in Retinal Muller Glia Under Diabetic Conditions. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:1460-6. [PMID: 27131835 PMCID: PMC4915319 DOI: 10.12659/msm.895916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with early-stage symptoms such as dysfunction of Muller cells, which leads to ganglion cell death. Its pathogenesis is probably associated with oxidative stress and a recently discovered protein, thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP). MATERIAL AND METHODS To explore the role of TXNIP in DR, we cultured Muller cells under diabetic conditions, and then used immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and RT-PCR to detect the expression level of TXNIP under diabetic conditions. We demonstrated the expression level of glutamine synthetase (GS) when TXNIP was inhibited. To explore the potential pathway of TXNIP-induced cell damage in DR, we confirmed the role of IL-1β under diabetic conditions. RESULTS Diabetes induces TXNIP expressions at mRNA levels, but shows the opposite effect on GS. IL-1β plays an important role in this pathway. Azaserine effectively increased the expression of GS via attenuating the expression of TXNIP. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the role of TXNIP and its mechanism in DR, provides a possible treatment for DR, and lays a new theoretical foundation for the clinical treatment of DR and other diabetic microvascular changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rui Jin Hospital, LuWan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xi Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rui Jin Hospital, LuWan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rui Jin Hospital, LuWan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Sae-Lee C, Moolsuwan K, Chan L, Poungvarin N. ChREBP Regulates Itself and Metabolic Genes Implicated in Lipid Accumulation in β-Cell Line. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147411. [PMID: 26808438 PMCID: PMC4725739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) is an important transcription factor that regulates a variety of glucose-responsive genes in hepatocytes. To date, only two natural isoforms, Chrebpα and Chrebpβ, have been identified. Although ChREBP is known to be expressed in pancreatic β cells, most of the glucose-responsive genes have never been verified as ChREBP targets in this organ. We aimed to explore the impact of ChREBP expression on regulating genes linked to accumulation of lipid droplets, a typical feature of β-cell glucotoxicity. We assessed gene expression in 832/13 cells overexpressing constitutively active ChREBP (caChREBP), truncated ChREBP with nearly identical amino acid sequence to Chrebpβ, or dominant negative ChREBP (dnChREBP). Among multiple ChREBP-controlled genes, ChREBP was sufficient and necessary for regulation of Eno1, Pklr, Mdh1, Me1, Pdha1, Acly, Acaca, Fasn, Elovl6, Gpd1, Cpt1a, Rgs16, Mid1ip1,Txnip, and Chrebpβ. Expression of Chrebpα and Srebp1c were not changed by caChREBP or dnChREBP. We identified functional ChREBP binding sequences that were located on the promoters of Chrebpβ and Rgs16. We also showed that Rgs16 overexpression lead to increased considerable amounts of lipids in 832/13 cells. This phenotype was accompanied by reduction of Cpt1a expression and slight induction of Fasn and Pklr gene in these cells. In summary, we conclude that Chrebpβ modulates its own expression, not that of Chrebpα; it also regulates the expression of several metabolic genes in β-cells without affecting SREBP-1c dependent regulation. We also demonstrate that Rgs16 is one of the ChREBP-controlled genes that potentiate accumulation of lipid droplets in β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanachai Sae-Lee
- Clinical Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanya Moolsuwan
- Clinical Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Molecular Medicine Program, Multidisciplinary Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lawrence Chan
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Naravat Poungvarin
- Clinical Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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Zhang P, Kumar A, Katz LS, Li L, Paulynice M, Herman MA, Scott DK. Induction of the ChREBPβ Isoform Is Essential for Glucose-Stimulated β-Cell Proliferation. Diabetes 2015; 64:4158-70. [PMID: 26384380 PMCID: PMC4657577 DOI: 10.2337/db15-0239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP) is a glucose-sensing transcription factor required for glucose-stimulated proliferation of pancreatic β-cells in rodents and humans. The full-length isoform (ChREBPα) has a low glucose inhibitory domain (LID) that restrains the transactivation domain when glucose catabolism is minimal. A novel isoform of ChREBP (ChREBPβ) was recently described that lacks the LID domain and is therefore constitutively and more potently active. ChREBPβ has not been described in β-cells nor has its role in glucose-stimulated proliferation been determined. We found that ChREBPβ is highly expressed in response to glucose, particularly with prolonged culture in hyperglycemic conditions. In addition, small interfering RNAs that knocked down ChREBPβ transcripts without affecting ChREBPα expression or activity decreased glucose-stimulated expression of carbohydrate response element-containing genes and glucose-stimulated proliferation in INS-1 cells and in isolated rat islets. Quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation, electrophoretic mobility shift assays, and luciferase reporter assays were used to demonstrate that ChREBP binds to a newly identified powerful carbohydrate response element in β-cells and hepatocytes, distinct from that in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We conclude that ChREBPβ contributes to glucose-stimulated gene expression and proliferation in β-cells, with recruitment of ChREBPα to tissue-specific elements of the ChREBPβ isoform promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pili Zhang
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Anil Kumar
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Liora S Katz
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Lucy Li
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Martine Paulynice
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | - Donald K Scott
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
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Nuotio-Antar AM, Poungvarin N, Li M, Schupp M, Mohammad M, Gerard S, Zou F, Chan L. FABP4-Cre Mediated Expression of Constitutively Active ChREBP Protects Against Obesity, Fatty Liver, and Insulin Resistance. Endocrinology 2015; 156:4020-32. [PMID: 26248218 PMCID: PMC4606753 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) regulates cellular glucose and lipid homeostasis. Although ChREBP is highly expressed in many key metabolic tissues, the role of ChREBP in most of those tissues and the consequent effects on whole-body glucose and lipid metabolism are not well understood. Therefore, we generated a transgenic mouse that overexpresses a constitutively active ChREBP isoform under the control of the fatty acid binding protein 4-Cre-driven promoter (FaChOX). Weight gain was blunted in male, but not female, FaChOX mice when placed on either a normal chow diet or an obesogenic Western diet. Respiratory exchange ratios were increased in Western diet-fed FaChOX mice, indicating a shift in whole-body substrate use favoring carbohydrate metabolism. Western diet-fed FaChOX mice showed improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in comparison with controls. Hepatic triglyceride content was reduced in Western diet-fed FaChOX mice in comparison with controls, suggesting protection from fatty liver. Epididymal adipose tissue exhibited differential expression of genes involved in differentiation, browning, metabolism, lipid homeostasis, and inflammation between Western diet-fed FaChOX mice and controls. Our findings support a role for ChREBP in modulating adipocyte differentiation and adipose tissue metabolism and inflammation as well as consequent risks for obesity and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alli M Nuotio-Antar
- Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center (A.M.N.-A., N.P., M.L., L.C.), Department of Medicine, and Children's Nutrition Research Center (A.M.N.-A., M.M., S.G., F.Z.), Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Charité University School of Medicine (M.S.), Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Naravat Poungvarin
- Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center (A.M.N.-A., N.P., M.L., L.C.), Department of Medicine, and Children's Nutrition Research Center (A.M.N.-A., M.M., S.G., F.Z.), Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Charité University School of Medicine (M.S.), Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ming Li
- Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center (A.M.N.-A., N.P., M.L., L.C.), Department of Medicine, and Children's Nutrition Research Center (A.M.N.-A., M.M., S.G., F.Z.), Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Charité University School of Medicine (M.S.), Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Schupp
- Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center (A.M.N.-A., N.P., M.L., L.C.), Department of Medicine, and Children's Nutrition Research Center (A.M.N.-A., M.M., S.G., F.Z.), Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Charité University School of Medicine (M.S.), Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mahmoud Mohammad
- Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center (A.M.N.-A., N.P., M.L., L.C.), Department of Medicine, and Children's Nutrition Research Center (A.M.N.-A., M.M., S.G., F.Z.), Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Charité University School of Medicine (M.S.), Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Gerard
- Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center (A.M.N.-A., N.P., M.L., L.C.), Department of Medicine, and Children's Nutrition Research Center (A.M.N.-A., M.M., S.G., F.Z.), Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Charité University School of Medicine (M.S.), Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Fang Zou
- Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center (A.M.N.-A., N.P., M.L., L.C.), Department of Medicine, and Children's Nutrition Research Center (A.M.N.-A., M.M., S.G., F.Z.), Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Charité University School of Medicine (M.S.), Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lawrence Chan
- Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center (A.M.N.-A., N.P., M.L., L.C.), Department of Medicine, and Children's Nutrition Research Center (A.M.N.-A., M.M., S.G., F.Z.), Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Charité University School of Medicine (M.S.), Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany
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Ratliff WA, Athanason MG, Chechele AC, Kuehl MN, Fernandez AM, MarElia CB, Burkhardt BR. Hepatic nutrient and hormonal regulation of the PANcreatic-DERived factor (PANDER) promoter. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 413:101-12. [PMID: 26123584 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PANcreatic-DERived factor (PANDER, FAM3B) has been shown to regulate glycemic levels via interactions with both pancreatic islets and the liver. Although PANDER is predominantly expressed from the endocrine pancreas, recent work has provided sufficient evidence that the liver may also be an additional tissue source of PANDER production. At physiological levels, PANDER is capable of disrupting insulin signaling and promoting increased hepatic glucose production. As shown in some animal models, strong expression of PANDER, induced by viral delivery within the liver, induces hepatic steatosis. However, no studies to date have explicitly characterized the transcriptional regulation of PANDER from the liver. Therefore, our investigation elucidated the nutrient and hormonal regulation of the hepatic PANDER promoter. Initial RNA-ligated rapid amplification of cDNA ends identified a novel transcription start site (TSS) approximately 26 bp upstream of the PANDER translational start codon not previously revealed in pancreatic β-cell lines. Western evaluation of various murine tissues demonstrated robust expression in the liver and brain. Promoter analysis identified strong tissue-specific activity of the PANDER promoter in both human and murine liver-derived cell lines. The minimal element responsible for maximal promoter activity within hepatic cell lines was located between -293 and -3 of the identified TSS. PANDER promoter activity was inhibited by both insulin and palmitate, whereas glucose strongly increased expression. The minimal element was responsible for maximal glucose-responsive and basal activity. Co-transfection reporter assays, chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and site-directed mutagenesis revealed that the carbohydrate-responsive element binding protein (ChREBP) increased PANDER promoter activity and interacted with the PANDER promoter. E-box 3 was shown to be critical for basal and glucose responsive expression. In summary, in-vitro and in-vivo glucose is a potent stimulator of the PANDER promoter within the liver and this response may be facilitated by ChREBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney A Ratliff
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Mark G Athanason
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Alicia C Chechele
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Melanie N Kuehl
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Amanda M Fernandez
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Catherine B MarElia
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Brant R Burkhardt
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
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Poungvarin N, Chang B, Imamura M, Chen J, Moolsuwan K, Sae-Lee C, Li W, Chan L. Genome-Wide Analysis of ChREBP Binding Sites on Male Mouse Liver and White Adipose Chromatin. Endocrinology 2015; 156:1982-94. [PMID: 25751637 PMCID: PMC4430618 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glucose is an essential nutrient that directly regulates the expression of numerous genes in liver and adipose tissue. The carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP) links glucose as a signaling molecule to multiple glucose-dependent transcriptional regulatory pathways, particularly genes involved in glycolytic and lipogenic processes. In this study, we used chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by next-generation sequencing to identify specific ChREBP binding targets in liver and white adipose tissue. We found a large number of ChREBP binding sites, which are attributable to 5825 genes in the liver, 2418 genes in white adipose tissue, and 5919 genes in both tissues. The majority of these target genes were involved in known metabolic processes. Pathways in insulin signaling, the adherens junction, and cancers were among the top 5 pathways in both tissues. Motif analysis revealed a consensus sequence CAYGYGnnnnnCRCRTG that was commonly shared by ChREBP binding sites. Putative ChREBP binding sequences were enriched on promoters of genes involved in insulin signaling pathway, insulin resistance, and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naravat Poungvarin
- Department of Medicine (N.P., B.C., M.I., L.C.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Clinical Molecular Pathology Laboratory (N.P., K.M., C.S.-L.), Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Laboratory for Endocrinology, Metabolism and Kidney Diseases (M.I.) RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan 230-0045; Division of Biostatistics (J.C., W.L.), Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; and Molecular Medicine Program (K.M.), Multidisciplinary Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Diolaiti D, McFerrin L, Carroll PA, Eisenman RN. Functional interactions among members of the MAX and MLX transcriptional network during oncogenesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2015; 1849:484-500. [PMID: 24857747 PMCID: PMC4241192 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor MYC and its related family members MYCN and MYCL have been implicated in the etiology of a wide spectrum of human cancers. Compared to other oncoproteins, such as RAS or SRC, MYC is unique because its protein coding region is rarely mutated. Instead, MYC's oncogenic properties are unleashed by regulatory mutations leading to unconstrained high levels of expression. Under both normal and pathological conditions MYC regulates multiple aspects of cellular physiology including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, growth and metabolism by controlling the expression of thousands of genes. How a single transcription factor exerts such broad effects remains a fascinating puzzle. Notably, MYC is part of a network of bHLHLZ proteins centered on the MYC heterodimeric partner MAX and its counterpart, the MAX-like protein MLX. This network includes MXD1-4, MNT, MGA, MONDOA and MONDOB proteins. With some exceptions, MXD proteins have been functionally linked to cell cycle arrest and differentiation, while MONDO proteins control cellular metabolism. Although the temporal expression patterns of many of these proteins can differ markedly they are frequently expressed simultaneously in the same cellular context, and potentially bind to the same, or similar DNA consensus sequence. Here we review the activities and interactions among these proteins and propose that the broad spectrum of phenotypes elicited by MYC deregulation is intimately connected to the functions and regulation of the other network members. Furthermore, we provide a meta-analysis of TCGA data suggesting that the coordinate regulation of the network is important in MYC driven tumorigenesis. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Myc proteins in cell biology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Diolaiti
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, USA
| | - Lisa McFerrin
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, USA
| | - Patrick A Carroll
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, USA
| | - Robert N Eisenman
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, USA.
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