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Perrotta N, Angelo Fiorito L, Leanza C, Di Bari S, Casini G, Gentile R, Vescovo R, Piciocchi A, Ajassa C, Iaiani G, Maria Proli E, Russo G. Impact analysis of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients treated with monoclonal antibodies: A monocentric experience. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 142:113101. [PMID: 39265354 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the discovery of SARS-CoV-2, no treatment has been able to completely eradicate the virus. The study aimed to evaluate the virological and clinical impact of the vaccination in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients treated with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). METHODS This single-centre, observational, retrospective, real-life study was performed on SARS-CoV-2 symptomatic outpatients and inpatients treated with mAbs from March 2021 to November 2022 includes 726 patients. Each patient received available mAbs (bamlanivimab-etesevimab or casirivimab-indevimab or sotrovimab or tixagevimab-cilgavimab) according to the circulating virus strains. Age, comorbidities, vaccination status, death rates, duration of virological clearance, average length of stay, risk factors, and hospitalization or ICU admission were recorded. RESULTS Of 726 patients with complete data analyzed (median age 64), 516 outpatients and 210 inpatients were included. Vaccination status was known for all participants: 74.4 % and 51.7 % were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 among inpatients and outpatients, respectively. A shorter duration of virological clearance was observed in the vaccinated group, with a median of 16 days (IQR 15-17), compared to 19 days (IQR 18-21) in the unvaccinated group [HR 1.21; p < 0.032]. Multivariate analysis of virological clearance also showed statistical significance with tixagevimab cilgavimab 300 mg/300 mg (HR 2.73, p value < 0.001). No significant difference was found in worsening [OR 1,29; p = 0.57] and mortality [OR 0.65; p = 0.81] rates between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients treated with mAbs. CONCLUSIONS Key findings include a shorter duration of virological clearance in vaccinated outpatients but no significant differences in worsening or mortality rates between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients treated with mAbs. The study suggests a potential synergistic role of mAbs in accelerating virological clearance in vaccinated patients with mild to moderate COVID-19, with differing effects in hospitalized patients. Therefore, it is essential to implement health surveillance in high-risk patients with comorbidities in order to identify early any variants that might otherwise escape neutralizing antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Perrotta
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer" University of Rome, Sapienza, Italy; Pharmacy Unit, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Luigi Angelo Fiorito
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer" University of Rome, Sapienza, Italy; Pharmacy Unit, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Cristiana Leanza
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Silvia Di Bari
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Sant'Andrea Hospital University of Rome Sapienza, Italy.
| | - Gianfranco Casini
- Pharmacy Unit, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Rossella Gentile
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer" University of Rome, Sapienza, Italy; Pharmacy Unit, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberta Vescovo
- Pharmacy Unit, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Camilla Ajassa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Giancarlo Iaiani
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Enrica Maria Proli
- Pharmacy Unit, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Russo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
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Steenackers K, Hanning N, Bruckers L, Desombere I, Marchant A, Ariën KK, Georges D, Soentjens P, D'Onofrio V, Hites M, Berens-Riha N, De Coster I, Damme PV. Humoral immune response against SARS-CoV-2 after adapted COVID-19 vaccine schedules in healthy adults: The IMCOVAS randomized clinical trial. Vaccine 2024; 42:126117. [PMID: 39019657 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To overcome supply issues of COVID-19 vaccines, this partially single blind, multi-centric, vaccine trial aimed to evaluate humoral immunogenicity using lower vaccine doses, intradermal vaccination, and heterologous vaccine schedules. Also, the immunity after a booster vaccination was assessed. METHODOLOGY 566 COVID-19-naïve healthy adults were randomized to 1 of 8 treatment arms consisting of combinations of BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, and ChAdOx1-S. Anti-Receptor-Binding Domain immunoglobulin G (RBD IgG) titers, neutralizing antibody titres, and avidity of the anti-RBD IgGs was assessed up to 1 year after study start. RESULTS Prolonging the interval between vaccinations from 28 to 84 days and the use of a heterologous BNT162b2 + mRNA-1273 vaccination schedule led to a non-inferior immune response, compared to the reference schedule. A low dose of mRNA-1273 was sufficient to induce non-inferior immunity. Non-inferiority could not be demonstrated for intradermal vaccination. For all adapted vaccination schedules, anti-RBD IgG titres measured after a first booster vaccination were non-inferior to their reference schedule. CONCLUSION This study suggests that reference vaccine schedules can be adapted without jeopardizing the development of an adequate immune response. Immunity after a booster vaccination did not depend on the dose or brand of the booster vaccine, which is relevant for future booster campaigns. The trial is registered in the European Union Clinical Trials Register (number 2021-001993-52) and on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT06189040).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Steenackers
- Centre for Evaluation of Vaccination, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 663, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Nikita Hanning
- Centre for Evaluation of Vaccination, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 663, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Liesbeth Bruckers
- Data Science Institute, UHasselt, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Desombere
- Laboratory Immune Response, Department of Infectious Diseases in Humans, Sciensano, Rue Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Marchant
- European Plotkin Institute for Vaccinology, Université libre de Bruxelles, Rte de Lennik 900, 1070 Anderlecht, Belgium
| | - Kevin K Ariën
- Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Daphnée Georges
- European Plotkin Institute for Vaccinology, Université libre de Bruxelles, Rte de Lennik 900, 1070 Anderlecht, Belgium; Laboratory of Enzymology and Protein Folding, Centre for Protein Engineering, InBioS, University of Liège, Bât.B6c Quartier Agora, allée du six Août 11, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Patrick Soentjens
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Kronenburgstraat 43, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Valentino D'Onofrio
- Center for Vaccinology, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maya Hites
- Université libre de Bruxelles, Av. Franklin Roosevelt 50, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium; Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Nicole Berens-Riha
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Kronenburgstraat 43, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ilse De Coster
- Centre for Evaluation of Vaccination, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 663, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Pierre Van Damme
- Centre for Evaluation of Vaccination, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 663, 2650 Edegem, Belgium.
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Zvolensky MJ, Robison JH, Ayers ZS, Senger AR, Clausen BK, Businelle MS, Gallagher MW. Anxiety sensitivity and COVID-19 mental health, fatigue, and well-being: a longitudinal examination among adults from the United States during March-October 2020. Cogn Behav Ther 2024; 53:642-660. [PMID: 38828649 PMCID: PMC11464206 DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2024.2360054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
There is widespread empirical evidence that the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to elevated risk of mental and physical health symptoms and decreased quality of life. The present investigation sought to examine if individual differences in anxiety sensitivity was associated with mental health, psychosomatic, and well-being among a sample of US adults during a 6-month period early in the COVID-19 pandemic. Employing longitudinal research methodology, we tested the hypothesis that the anxiety sensitivity global factor would be related to increased risk of anxiety, depression, fatigue, and lower well-being. Secondary analyses evaluated the lower order anxiety sensitivity factors for the same criterion variables. The sample consisted of 778 participants with an average age of 37.96 (SD = 11.81; range 18-73). Results indicated that, as hypothesized, anxiety sensitivity was associated with increased risk for more severe anxiety, depression, fatigue, and lesser well-being; the observed effects of anxiety sensitivity were relatively robust and evident in adjusted models that controlled for numerous theoretically and clinically relevant factors (e.g. perceived health status). Overall, these results suggest that pandemic functioning could likely be improved via interventions that target elevated anxiety sensitivity as a vulnerability factor for a broad range of aversive psychosomatic symptoms and personal well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Zachary S. Ayers
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Amy R. Senger
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Bryce K. Clausen
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael S. Businelle
- TSET Health Promotion Research Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Matthew W. Gallagher
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Texas Institute for Measurement, Evaluation, and Statistics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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Bandyopadhyay U, Sen D, Ahuja D, Mahapatra SP, Biswas D, Maiti R, Chakraborty S, Hazra A, Parua S, Basak AK, Das A, Paul N, Purkait MP, Syamal AK, Dey R, Bhattacharya K, Adhikary K, Bhattacharjee A. Interplay of calcium, vitamin D, and parathormone in the milieu of infections and immunity: Reassessed in the context of COVID-19. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 245:106624. [PMID: 39389269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is recognized for inducing severe respiratory symptoms like cough, and shortness of breathing. Although symptom severity varies, some individuals remain asymptomatic. This virus has sparked a global pandemic, imposing a substantial rate of mortality or morbidity, with extended periods of illness reported. People with underlying medical issues and the elderly are more likely to experience adverse results. The virus's frequent mutations pose challenges for medical professionals, necessitating adaptable therapeutic and preventive strategies. Vitamin D, a versatile regulatory molecule, not only influences physiological processes such as serum calcium regulation but also exhibits immunomodulatory functions. Calcium ions play a crucial role as secondary signal transduction molecules, impacting diverse cellular functions and maintaining homeostasis through ion channel regulation. Parathormone, another key regulator of serum calcium, often acts antagonistically to vitamin D. This review delves into the interplay of vitamin D, calcium, and parathormone, exploring their possible influence on the progression of COVID-19. The intricate signaling involving these elements contributes to adverse prognosis, emphasizing the need for comprehensive understanding. Monitoring and controlling these physiological factors and associated pathways have shown the potential to alter disease outcomes, underscoring the importance of a holistic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upasana Bandyopadhyay
- School of Paramedics and Allied Health Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Khurda Road, Jatani, Odisha, India
| | - Debanjana Sen
- Post Graduate Department of Physiology, Hooghly Mohsin College, University of Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Deepika Ahuja
- School of Paramedics and Allied Health Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Khurda Road, Jatani, Odisha, India
| | - Smit Pratik Mahapatra
- School of Paramedics and Allied Health Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Khurda Road, Jatani, Odisha, India
| | - Debjit Biswas
- School of Paramedics and Allied Health Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Khurda Road, Jatani, Odisha, India
| | - Rajkumar Maiti
- Department of Physiology, Bankura Christian College, Bankura, West Bengal, India
| | - Sutanu Chakraborty
- Abhinav Bindra Targeting Performance (ABTP), Sports Science Centre, Kalinga Stadium, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Anukona Hazra
- School of Paramedics and Allied Health Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Khurda Road, Jatani, Odisha, India
| | - Suparna Parua
- School of Paramedics and Allied Health Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Khurda Road, Jatani, Odisha, India
| | - Asim Kumar Basak
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Brainware University, Barasat, West-Bengal, India.
| | - Arnab Das
- Department of Sports Science & Yoga, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational & Research Institute, Belur Math, Howrah, India
| | - Nimisha Paul
- Department of General Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | - Alak Kumar Syamal
- Post Graduate Department of Physiology, Hooghly Mohsin College, University of Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Rajen Dey
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Swami Vivekananda University, Barrackpore, West Bengal, India.
| | - Koushik Bhattacharya
- School of Paramedics and Allied Health Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Khurda Road, Jatani, Odisha, India.
| | - Krishnendu Adhikary
- Department of Interdisciplinary Science, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Khurda Road, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Aniruddha Bhattacharjee
- Department of Physiology, International Medical School, Management and Science University, Selangor, Malaysia
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Liddie JM, Bind MA, Karra M, Sunderland EM. County-level associations between drinking water PFAS contamination and COVID-19 mortality in the United States. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024:10.1038/s41370-024-00723-5. [PMID: 39369072 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00723-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 09/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic and animal studies both support relationships between exposures to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and harmful effects on the immune system. Accordingly, PFAS have been identified as potential environmental risk factors for adverse COVID-19 outcomes. OBJECTIVE Here, we examine associations between PFAS contamination of U.S. community water systems (CWS) and county-level COVID-19 mortality records. Our analyses leverage two datasets: one at the subnational scale (5371 CWS serving 621 counties) and one at the national scale (4798 CWS serving 1677 counties). The subnational monitoring dataset was obtained from statewide drinking monitoring of PFAS (2016-2020) and the national monitoring dataset was obtained from a survey of unregulated contaminants (2013-2015). METHODS We conducted parallel analyses using multilevel quasi-Poisson regressions to estimate cumulative incidence ratios for the association between county-level measures of PFAS drinking water contamination and COVID-19 mortality prior to vaccination onset (Jan-Dec 2020). In the primary analyses, these regressions were adjusted for several county-level sociodemographic factors, days after the first reported case in the county, and total hospital beds. RESULTS In the subnational analysis, detection of at least one PFAS over 5 ng/L was associated with 12% higher [95% CI: 4%, 19%] COVID-19 mortality. In the national analysis, detection of at least one PFAS above the reporting limits (20-90 ng/L) was associated with 13% higher [95% CI: 8%, 19%] COVID-19 mortality. IMPACT STATEMENT Our findings provide evidence for an association between area-level drinking water PFAS contamination and higher COVID-19 mortality in the United States. These findings reinforce the importance of ongoing state and federal monitoring efforts supporting the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's 2024 drinking water regulations for PFAS. More broadly, this example suggests that drinking water quality could play a role in infectious disease severity. Future research would benefit from study designs that combine area-level exposure measures with individual-level outcome data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahred M Liddie
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Marie-Abèle Bind
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mahesh Karra
- Frederick S. Pardee School of Global Studies, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elsie M Sunderland
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Behrouzi A, Sakhaee F, Ghazanfari Jajin M, Ahmadi I, Anvari E, Sotoodehnejadnematalahi F, Fateh A. The surfactant protein B polymorphisms (rs7316 and rs1130866) and their correlation with disease progression of COVID-19. Cytokine 2024; 184:156775. [PMID: 39368228 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is critical to examine the pathogenic pathways in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that resulted in the development of severe lung injury. Surfactant protein B (SFTPB) is a vital component for sustaining life and serves pivotal functions in the host's defensive mechanisms and alveolar surface tension reduction. Our study aimed to determine the effect of SFTPB rs7316 and rs1130866 variants on the course of disease in COVID-19 patients. METHODS The study cohort comprised 3,184 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19. We employed the RFLP approach to determine the variations of the SFTPB genes. RESULTS SFTPB rs7316 did not exhibit a statistically significant correlation with COVID-19 mortality across different inheritance models. But, after making more changes for SARS-CoV-2 variants, it was found that there was a strong link between the TT and TC genotypes of SFTPB rs7316 and death rates, especially for the Delta variant. Furthermore, our study's findings indicate a significant association between the SFTPB rs1130866 G allele and an elevated risk of mortality in COVID-19 across all variants of SARS-CoV-2. CONCLUSIONS The use of the SFTPB rs1130866 marker has the potential to facilitate the prediction of COVID-19 severity. On the other hand, for SFTPB rs7316, this kind of prediction seems to depend on the particular SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Behrouzi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sakhaee
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Iraj Ahmadi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Science, Ilam, Iran
| | - Enayat Anvari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Science, Ilam, Iran
| | | | - Abolfazl Fateh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Science, Ilam, Iran; Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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7
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Vieira J, de Oliveira TVV, Queiroz LRR, Camargo CTS, Nardy A, Monteiro FR, do Amaral JB, Paixão V, Vaisberg M, Amirato GR, Dos Santos CAF, Durigon EL, Oliveira DBL, Aguiar AS, Alvares-Saraiva AM, Heller D, Mantoanelli PGV, Siqueira MF, da Silva Nali LH, Bachi ALL. Salivary assessment of the immune/inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in older adults vaccinated with CoronaVac or ChadOx-1. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:807. [PMID: 39363197 PMCID: PMC11448442 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05357-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although important information concerning COVID-19 vaccination is available, the effects of the CoronaVac and ChadOx-1 vaccines on immunity and the redox balance in the upper airway mucosa of the aged population are not fully understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impacts of two doses of the CoronaVac or ChadOx-1 vaccine on immune/inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in the airway mucosa of older adults. METHODS Seventy-six older adults of both sexes, with a mean age of 75.1 ± 6.4 years, were separated according to vaccination status into the CoronaVac (n = 52) and ChadOx-1 (n = 24) groups. Saliva samples were collected before (pre) and 30 days after (post) the administration of the second dose of the CoronaVac or ChadOx-1 vaccine to assess the levels of antibodies (sIgA and IgG), antimicrobial peptides, cytokines, and oxidant/antioxidant agents. RESULTS The immunogenicity in the ChadOx-1 group was 37.5% for sIgA and 25% for IgG, while that in the CoronaVac group was 18.9% for sIgA and 13.2% for IgG. Intergroup analysis revealed that (1) lower levels of IFN-α, IFN-γ, and IL-10 and a greater IFN-γ/IL-10 ratio, in addition to a greater IL-6/IL-10 ratio, were found in both the pre- and postvaccination periods, and (2) lower levels of total sIgA, IL-12p70, IL-17A, TNF-α, and the IL-12p70/IL-10 ratio, in addition to higher levels of specific sIgA for SARS-CoV-2 antigens and lysozyme, were observed only in the postvaccination period in the ChadOx-1 group than in the CoronaVac group. Intragroup analysis revealed (1) a significant increase in the salivary levels of total peroxides in the postvaccination period compared to those in the prevaccination period in both volunteer groups; (2) a decrease in the levels of lysozyme and the ratio between total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total peroxides in the postvaccination period in the CoronaVac group compared with those in the prevaccination period; and (3) decreases in the TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-12p70 levels, and the IL-12p70/IL-10 ratio in the ChadoX-1 group, as well as a higher lactoferrin concentration in the postvaccination period than in the prevaccination period. Several positive and negative correlations between the parameters assessed here were found. CONCLUSIONS In general, the ChadOx-1 group exhibited improvements in both immune/inflammatory responses and redox balance and greater immunogenicity than did the CoronaVac group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeniffer Vieira
- Faculty of Dentistry, Campus 1, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ariane Nardy
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jônatas Bussador do Amaral
- ENT Research Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitória Paixão
- ENT Research Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauro Vaisberg
- ENT Research Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gislene Rocha Amirato
- Mane Garrincha Sport Education Center, Sports Department of the Municipality of São Paulo (SEME), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos André Freitas Dos Santos
- Discipline of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edison Luiz Durigon
- Institute of Biomedical Science of University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Scientific Platform Pasteur USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danielle Bruna Leal Oliveira
- Institute of Biomedical Science of University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andressa Simões Aguiar
- Institute of Biomedical Science of University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Infection Control Service, São Luiz Gonzaga Hospital of Santa Casa de Misericordia of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Débora Heller
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Nguyen AP, Binswanger IA, Narwaney KJ, Ford MA, McClure DL, Rinehart DJ, Lyons JA, Glanz JM. Association of chronic opioid therapy and opioid use disorder with COVID-19-related hospitalization and mortality: Evidence from three health systems in the United States. Prev Med Rep 2024; 46:102832. [PMID: 39238780 PMCID: PMC11374958 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Chronic opioid use can lead to detrimental effects on the immune and various organ systems that put individuals prescribed chronic opioid therapy (COT) for pain and those with an opioid use disorder (OUD) at risk for severe COVID-19 disease. We assessed the association of COT and OUD with COVID-19-related hospitalization and death to inform targeted interventions to improve clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients who use opioids. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults ages ≥ 18 with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in 2020 and 2021 from three US health systems. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate the 30-day risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization and death associated with two opioid exposures (COT and OUD) following an infection. Results The study cohort included 53,123 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and a mean (SD) age of 45.1 (16.5), of whom 1,059 (2.0 %) were exposed to COT and 269 (0.5 %) had an OUD diagnosis in the year prior to infection. There were 2,270 observed COVID-19-related hospitalizations or deaths (1.6 per 1,000 person-days, 95 % CI 1.5-1.7). In the fully adjusted model, COT was not associated with increased risk (HR 1.19; 95 % CI, 0.98-1.43), while past-year OUD was independently associated with severe COVID-19 disease (HR 1.82; 95 % CI, 1.18-2.80). Past-year OUD remained associated with increased risk in post-hoc analysis with COVID-19-related hospitalization alone as the outcome (HR 2.00; 95 % CI, 1.30-3.08). Conclusions Past-year OUD is a potential independent risk factor for severe COVID-19 disease that warrants monitoring to improve the prognosis of patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh P Nguyen
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ingrid A Binswanger
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Colorado Permanente Medical Group, Denver, CO, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Bernard J. Tyson Kaiser Permanente School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Komal J Narwaney
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Morgan A Ford
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - David L McClure
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Deborah J Rinehart
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Center for Health Systems Research, Office of Research, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Jason A Lyons
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jason M Glanz
- Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
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9
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Latarissa IR, Rendrayani F, Iftinan GN, Suhandi C, Meiliana A, Sormin IP, Barliana MI, Lestari K. The Efficacy of Oral/Intravenous Corticosteroid Use in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review. J Exp Pharmacol 2024; 16:321-337. [PMID: 39371262 PMCID: PMC11453156 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s484596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is prompting extensive investigation into potential treatments, including the use of corticosteroids to manage inflammation and mitigate severe disease outcomes. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of oral/intravenous corticosteroids in the management of COVID-19. A comprehensive search was conducted across major scientific databases such as MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane for relevant studies published from 2019-2024. The inclusion criteria included studies investigating the use of oral/intravenous corticosteroids in COVID-19 patients >18 years with a randomized placebo-controlled trial method. Non-placebo-controlled studies, studies using combined treatments with other drugs, as well as protocol articles, conference proceedings, review articles, and non-English studies were excluded. A narrative synthesis approach was adopted given the significant methodological diversity. The results showed that a total of 12 studies met the inclusion criteria covering the use of three drugs, including dexamethasone (three), hydrocortisone (two), and methylprednisolone (seven). The outcome parameters used for each study were different. Among the total 12 studies, five showed insignificant results for hydrocortisone (two) and methylprednisolone (three), while others reported significant results. This systematic review suggested that oral/intravenous corticosteroids might confer clinical benefits in the management of COVID-19, particularly in reducing mortality and severe disease outcomes. However, further investigation was needed to establish standardized protocols regarding dosage, duration, and safety considerations to optimize efficacy and minimize potential adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Rahayu Latarissa
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
- Medication Therapy Adherence Clinic (MTAC), Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Farida Rendrayani
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Ghina Nadhifah Iftinan
- Medication Therapy Adherence Clinic (MTAC), Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Cecep Suhandi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Anna Meiliana
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
- Prodia Clinical Laboratory, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ida Paulina Sormin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of 17 August 1945 Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Prodia Diacro Laboratories, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Melisa Intan Barliana
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
- Center of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Keri Lestari
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
- Medication Therapy Adherence Clinic (MTAC), Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
- Center of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
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10
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Fujita K, Ocho K, Kadowaki T, Yorifuji T, Hagiya H, Otsuka F. Zinc deficiency is a potential risk factor for COVID-19 progression to pneumonia requiring oxygen therapy. J Infect Chemother 2024; 30:978-982. [PMID: 38460615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Various risk factors for developing severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported. However, studies on the nutritional-related risk factors are limited. In this study, we investigated the effects of serum zinc deficiency on the severity of COVID-19. METHODS The study included a total of 60 COVID-19 patients who were admitted to Tsuyama Chuo Hospital between March 2020 and April 2021. We divided the patients into two categories based on serum levels of zinc (normal and latent zinc deficiency vs. zinc deficiency [<60 μg/dL]) at the time of diagnosis. Severity of COVID-19 was defined as the most exaggerated disease status during admission. The associations between serum zinc deficiency and the severity of COVID-19 were examined using a logistic regression model adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS Patients who required oxygen therapy had a higher prevalence of comorbidities and poorer nutritional status, including zinc deficiency, than those who did not require oxygen therapy. Zinc deficiency was associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 severity, with an adjusted odds ratio of 7.29 (95% confidence interval: 1.70-31.18). This result remained significant in the sensitivity analyses conducted after adjusting for patient background factors. CONCLUSIONS Zinc deficiency at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis is an independent risk factor for severe disease. Our findings need to be validated in external studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Fujita
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tsuyama Chuo Hospital, Tsuyama, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ocho
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tsuyama Chuo Hospital, Tsuyama, Japan
| | - Tomoka Kadowaki
- Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Yorifuji
- Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hideharu Hagiya
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Fumio Otsuka
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan.
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11
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Mccarthy A, Robinson K, Dockery F, McLoughlin K, O'Connor M, Milos A, Corey G, Carey L, Steed F, Haaksma M, Whiston A, Tierney A, Galvin R. Long-term outcomes of older adults with acute COVID-19 following inpatient geriatric rehabilitation: a prospective cohort study from the Republic of Ireland. Ir J Med Sci 2024; 193:2567-2575. [PMID: 38856964 PMCID: PMC11450069 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-024-03723-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a paucity of research reporting the long-term outcomes of older adults who have completed geriatric rehabilitation following COVID-19. AIM The primary aim of this study is to describe the long-term functional outcomes of a cohort of older adults with acute COVID-19 who have completed inpatient geriatric rehabilitation. METHODS This is a subgroup analysis of Irish data from a pan-European prospective cohort study. Functional ability, patient reported symptoms, and quality of life were measured using the Barthel index, the COVID-19 Yorkshire Rehabilitation Screen, and the EQ-5D-5L, respectively. RESULTS Thirty patients enrolled in the study. The rate of mortality was 23.3% at 6 months after discharge from rehabilitation. Patients achieved a return to pre-admission functional ability but reported a significant increase in patient reported symptoms and their quality of life did not return to pre-admission levels when assessed at 6 months after discharge from rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS Multidisciplinary rehabilitation for older adults with acute COVID-19 infection can assist patients to return to their premorbid functional ability. On discharge from rehabilitation, ongoing follow-up of older adults is recommended to assist them to negotiate and manage ongoing symptomatology such as breathlessness or fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Mccarthy
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, Health Research Institute and Ageing Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
- UL Hospitals Group, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Katie Robinson
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, Health Research Institute and Ageing Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Frances Dockery
- Department of Geriatric and Stroke Medicine, and Integrated Care Team for Older People North Dublin, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kara McLoughlin
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, Health Research Institute and Ageing Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Margaret O'Connor
- Department of Ageing and Therapeutics, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Antonella Milos
- UL Hospitals Group, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Gillian Corey
- UL Hospitals Group, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Leonora Carey
- UL Hospitals Group, University Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Fiona Steed
- Department of Health, Baggot Street, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Miriam Haaksma
- Coordinator EU-COGER Study, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- University Network for the Care Sector South-Holland, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Aoife Whiston
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, Health Research Institute and Ageing Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Audrey Tierney
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, Health Research Institute and Ageing Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Rose Galvin
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, Health Research Institute and Ageing Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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12
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Ximenes Braz B, Cavalcante Meneses G, Bezerra da Silva Junior G, Costa Martins AM, de Souza Mourão Feitosa AF, Cavalcante Lima Chagas G, De Francesco Daher E. Risk factors for mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 patients with silent hypoxemia. Rev Clin Esp 2024; 224:485-493. [PMID: 38945525 DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2024.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the predictors of mortality in hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) due to COVID-19 presenting with silent hypoxemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients with SARS due to COVID-19 and silent hypoxemia at admission, in Brazil, from January to June 2021. The primary outcome of interest was in-hospital death. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS Of 46,102 patients, the mean age was 59 ± 16 years, and 41.6% were female. During hospitalization, 13,149 patients died. Compared to survivors, non-survivors were older (mean age, 66 vs. 56 years; P < 0.001), less frequently female (43.6% vs. 40.9%; P < 0.001), and more likely to have comorbidities (74.3% vs. 56.8%; P < 0.001). Non-survivors had higher needs for invasive mechanical ventilation (42.4% vs. 6.6%; P < 0.001) and intensive care unit admission (56.9% vs. 20%; P < 0.001) compared to survivors. In the multivariable regression analysis, advanced age (OR 1.04; 95%CI 1.037-1.04), presence of comorbidities (OR 1.54; 95%CI 1.47-1.62), cough (OR 0.74; 95%CI 0.71-0.79), respiratory distress (OR 1.32; 95%CI 1.26-1.38), and need for non-invasive respiratory support (OR 0.37; 95%CI 0.35-0.40) remained independently associated with death. CONCLUSIONS Advanced age, presence of comorbidities, and respiratory distress were independent risk factors for mortality, while cough and requirement for non-invasive respiratory support were independent protective factors against mortality in hospitalized patients due to SARS due to COVID-19 with silent hypoxemia at presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Ximenes Braz
- Post-Graduation Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Internal Medicine Department, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Gdayllon Cavalcante Meneses
- Post-Graduation Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Clinical and Toxicological Analysis Department, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Bezerra da Silva Junior
- Clinical and Toxicological Analysis Department, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Collective Health, Health Sciences Center, University of Fortaleza - UNIFOR, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Alice Maria Costa Martins
- Clinical and Toxicological Analysis Department, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriel Cavalcante Lima Chagas
- Post-Graduation Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Elizabeth De Francesco Daher
- Post-Graduation Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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13
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Xu J, Li J, Chen M, Jiang H, Fan X, Hu Y, Shan H, Yang M, Xu Y, Lang Y, Dai H, Cai X. Population pharmacokinetics of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in critically ill Chinese COVID-19 patients and recommendations for medication use: a two-center retrospective study. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39325653 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2024.2410385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to establish population pharmacokinetics (PPK) models of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in critically ill Chinese patients with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, explore factors affecting the pharmacokinetics (PK) of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. METHODS A total of 285 serum samples and clinical data were collected from 152 patients. The PPK models of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir were analyzed using nonlinear mixed-effect modeling (NONMEM) approach. The optimal dosing regimen for patients with different renal function was determined using Monte Carlo simulations. RESULTS The population typical values of apparent clearance (CL/F) and apparent volume of distribution (V/F) of nirmatrelvir were 2.26 L/h and 15.3 L, respectively. Notably, creatinine clearance (CrCL) significantly influenced the PK variation of nirmatrelvir. Monte Carlo simulations suggested that patients with mild-to-moderate renal impairment experienced a 22.0-59.9% increase in the area under the curve (AUC) when they were administered a standard dose of nirmatrelvir compared to those with normal renal function. The AUC in patients with severe renal impairment after administration of 150 mg q12h nirmatrelvir was similar to that in patients with normal renal function after administration of 300 mg q12h nirmatrelvir. CONCLUSIONS PPK modeling and simulation provided a reference for the rational clinical application of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in critically ill Chinese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jinmeng Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huifang Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xudong Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yangmin Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haili Shan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mingdong Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yichao Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuying Lang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haibin Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xinjun Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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14
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Moniz M, Ruivinho C, Goes AR, Soares P, Leite A. Long COVID is not the same for everyone: a hierarchical cluster analysis of Long COVID symptoms 9 and 12 months after SARS-CoV-2 test. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:1001. [PMID: 39294567 PMCID: PMC11412022 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09896-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying symptom clusters in Long COVID is necessary for developing effective therapies for this diverse condition and improving the quality of life of those affected by this heterogeneous condition. In this study, we aimed to identify and compare symptom clusters at 9 and 12 months after a SARS-CoV-2 positive test and describe each cluster regarding factors at infection. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study with individuals randomly selected from the Portuguese National System of Epidemiological Surveillance (SINAVE) database. Individuals who had a positive RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 test in August 2022 were contacted to participate in a telephonic interview approximately 9 and 12 months after the test. A hierarchical clustering analysis was performed, using Euclidean distance and Ward's linkage. Clustering was performed in the 35 symptoms reported 9 and 12 months after the SARS-CoV-2 positive test and characterised considering age, sex, pre-existing health conditions and symptoms at time of SARS-CoV-2 infection. RESULTS 552 individuals were included at 9 months and 458 at 12 months. The median age was 52 years (IQR: 40-64 years) and 59% were female. Hypertension and high cholesterol were the most frequently reported pre-existing health conditions. Memory loss, fatigue or weakness and joint pain were the most frequent symptoms reported 9 and 12 months after the positive test. Four clusters were identified at both times: no or minor symptoms; multi-symptoms; joint pain; and neurocognitive-related symptoms. Clusters remained similar in both times, but, within the neurocognitive cluster, memory loss and concentration issues increased in frequency at 12 months. Multi-symptoms cluster had older people, more females and more pre-existing health conditions at 9 months. However, at 12 months, older people and those with more pre-existing health conditions were in joint pain cluster. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Long COVID is not the same for everyone. In our study, clusters remained similar at 9 and 12 months, except for a slight variation in the frequency of symptoms that composed each cluster. Understanding Long COVID clusters might help identify treatments for this condition. However, further validation of the observed clusters and analysis of its risk factors is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Moniz
- Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center, NOVA National School of Public Health, CHRC, REAL, CCAL, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Carolina Ruivinho
- Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center, NOVA National School of Public Health, CHRC, REAL, CCAL, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Goes
- Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center, NOVA National School of Public Health, CHRC, REAL, CCAL, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Soares
- Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center, NOVA National School of Public Health, CHRC, REAL, CCAL, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Leite
- Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center, NOVA National School of Public Health, CHRC, REAL, CCAL, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
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15
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Zhu Y, Li L, Wang W, Liu X, Zhang MX, Chen X, Hou X, Wang W, Min T, Liu J, Liu L, Liu C, Jiang Z, Wang Y, Chang D, Pan H. Hematocrit and Albumin Levels at Admission Predict in-Hospital Mortality in Pediatric COVID-19 Omicron Variant Patients. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:4067-4078. [PMID: 39309070 PMCID: PMC11416771 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s479580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Omicron variant is the present predominant COVID-19 strain worldwide. Accurate mortality prediction can facilitate risk stratification and targeted therapies. The study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of the difference in hematocrit and albumin (HCT-ALB) levels, alone or combined with the pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (pSOFA) score and lactate level, to predict the in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 Omicron variant-infected pediatric patients. Methods A multicenter retrospective cohort study was performed for children with COVID-19 Omicron variant infection between December 2021 and January 2022. The demographics, clinical characteristics, hospital admission laboratory test results, and treatments were recorded. The in-hospital mortality was documented. The associations between HCT-ALB levels and mortality, and between HCT-ALB+pSOFA+lactate and mortality were analyzed. Results A total of 119 children were included. The median age was 1.6 (interquartile range: 0.5-6.2) years old. There were 70 boys and 49 girls. The mortality rate was 14.3% (17/119). The univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that HCT-ALB was associated to in-hospital mortality (hazard ratio: 1.500, 95% confidence interval: 1.235-1.822, p<0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that HCT-ALB can be used to accurately predict in-hospital mortality at a cut-off value of -0.7 (area under the curve: 0.888, sensitivity: 0.882, specificity: 0.225, Youden index: 0.657, p<0.001). These patients were assigned into three groups based on the HCT-ALB level, pSOFA score, and lactate level (low-, medium-, and high-risk groups). The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the mortality increased in the high-risk group, when compared to the medium-risk group (p<0.01). The latter group had a higher mortality, when compared to the low-risk group (p<0.01). Conclusion The HCT-ALB level can be applied to predict the in-hospital mortality of children infected with the COVID-19 Omicron variant. Its combination with other variables can improve prediction performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingyan Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenxiao Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Xue Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiumin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Qingzhou People’s Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Laizhou City People’s Hospital, Laizhou, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weimei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Haiyang People’s Hospital, Haiyang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tuo Min
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinmei Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, West Coast New District Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Huangdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lecui Liu
- Department of Neonatology, People’s Hospital of Wulian, Wulian, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengjun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Rehabilitation University Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dayun Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, Shangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Pan
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Demeter F, Bihari G, Vadicsku D, Sinkovits G, Kajdácsi E, Horváth L, Réti M, Müller V, Iványi Z, Gál J, Gopcsa L, Reményi P, Szathmáry B, Lakatos B, Szlávik J, Bobek I, Prohászka ZZ, Förhécz Z, Masszi T, Vályi-Nagy I, Prohászka Z, Cervenak L. Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Profiles in Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura-Differences Compared to COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10007. [PMID: 39337495 PMCID: PMC11432022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251810007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Thromboinflammation/immunothrombosis plays a role in several diseases including thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and COVID-19. Unlike the extensive research that has been conducted on COVID-19 cytokine storms, the baseline and acute phase cytokine profiles of TTP are poorly characterized. Moreover, we compared the cytokine profiles of TTP and COVID-19 to identify the disease-specific/general characteristics of thromboinflammation/immunothrombosis. Plasma concentrations of 33 soluble mediators (SMs: cytokines, chemokines, soluble receptors, and growth factors) were measured by multiplex bead-based LEGENDplex™ immunoassay from 32 COVID-19 patients (32 non-vaccinated patients in three severity groups), 32 TTP patients (remission/acute phase pairs of 16 patients), and 15 control samples. Mainly, the levels of innate immunity-related SMs changed in both diseases. In TTP, ten SMs decreased in both remission and acute phases compared to the control, one decreased, and two increased only in the acute phase compared to remission, indicating mostly anti-inflammatory changes. In COVID-19, ten pro-inflammatory SMs increased, whereas one decreased with increasing severity compared to the control. In severe COVID-19, sixteen SMs exceeded acute TTP levels, with only one higher in TTP. PCA identified CXCL10, IL-1RA, and VEGF as the main discriminators among their cytokine profiles. The innate immune response is altered in both diseases. The cytokine profile of TTP suggests a distinct pathomechanism from COVID-19 and supports referring to TTP as thromboinflammatory rather than immunothrombotic, emphasizing thrombosis over inflammation as the driving force of the acute phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flóra Demeter
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Bihari
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dorina Vadicsku
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Sinkovits
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erika Kajdácsi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
- Research Group for Immunology and Hematology, Semmelweis University—HUN-REN-SU (Office for Supported Research Groups), 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laura Horváth
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marienn Réti
- Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Central Hospital of Southern Pest National Institute of Haematology and Infectious Diseases, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Veronika Müller
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Iványi
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Gál
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Gopcsa
- Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Central Hospital of Southern Pest National Institute of Haematology and Infectious Diseases, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Reményi
- Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Central Hospital of Southern Pest National Institute of Haematology and Infectious Diseases, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Szathmáry
- Department of Infectology, Central Hospital of Southern Pest, National Institute of Haematology and Infectious Diseases, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Botond Lakatos
- Department of Infectology, Central Hospital of Southern Pest, National Institute of Haematology and Infectious Diseases, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Szlávik
- Department of Infectology, Central Hospital of Southern Pest, National Institute of Haematology and Infectious Diseases, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ilona Bobek
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Central Hospital of Southern Pest, National Institute of Haematology and Infectious Diseases, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zita Z. Prohászka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Förhécz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Masszi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Vályi-Nagy
- Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Central Hospital of Southern Pest National Institute of Haematology and Infectious Diseases, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Prohászka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
- Research Group for Immunology and Hematology, Semmelweis University—HUN-REN-SU (Office for Supported Research Groups), 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Cervenak
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
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Pather S, Charpentier N, van den Ouweland F, Rizzi R, Finlayson A, Salisch N, Muik A, Lindemann C, Khanim R, Abduljawad S, Smith ER, Gurwith M, Chen RT. A Brighton Collaboration standardized template with key considerations for a benefit-risk assessment for the Comirnaty COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. Vaccine 2024; 42:126165. [PMID: 39197299 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
The Brighton Collaboration Benefit-Risk Assessment of VAccines by TechnolOgy (BRAVATO) Working Group evaluates the safety and other key features of new platform technology vaccines, including nucleic acid (RNA and DNA) vaccines. This manuscript uses the BRAVATO template to report the key considerations for a benefit-risk assessment of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA-based vaccine BNT162b2 (Comirnaty®, or Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine) including the subsequent Original/Omicron BA.1, Original/Omicron BA.4-5 and Omicron XBB.1.5 variant-adapted vaccines developed by BioNTech and Pfizer to protect against COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Initial Emergency Use Authorizations or conditional Marketing Authorizations for the original BNT162b2 vaccine were granted based upon a favorable benefit-risk assessment taking into account clinical safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy data, which was subsequently reconfirmed for younger age groups, and by real world evidence data. In addition, the favorable benefit-risk assessment was maintained for the bivalent vaccines, developed against newly arising SARS-CoV-2 variants, with accumulating clinical trial data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Emily R Smith
- Brighton Collaboration, a program of the Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, GA, USA.
| | - Marc Gurwith
- Brighton Collaboration, a program of the Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Robert T Chen
- Brighton Collaboration, a program of the Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, GA, USA
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18
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Jia Y, Tian W, Li Y, Teng Y, Liu X, Li Z, Zhao M. Chloroquine: Rapidly withdrawing from first-line treatment of COVID-19. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37098. [PMID: 39281655 PMCID: PMC11402237 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak has garnered significant global attention due to its impact on human health. Despite its relatively low fatality rate, the virus affects multiple organ systems, resulting in various symptoms such as palpitations, headaches, muscle pain, and hearing loss among COVID-19 patients and those recovering from the disease. These symptoms impose a substantial physical, psychological, and social burden on affected individuals. On February 15, 2020, the Chinese government advised incorporating antimalarial drugs into the guidelines issued by the National Health Commission of China for preventing, diagnosing, and treating COVID-19 pneumonia. We examine the adverse effects of Chloroquine (CQ) in treating COVID-19 complications to understand why it is no longer the primary treatment for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Jia
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Wenjie Tian
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yuyao Li
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yuyan Teng
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Zhengyu Li
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Mingsheng Zhao
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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Yu X, Luo R, Xie G, Ji J, Wang J, Li X, Qian X, Wang X. A Real-World Retrospective Study on the Efficacy and Safety of Four Antiviral Drugs for Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir, Simnotrelvir/Ritonavir, Molnupiravir and Azvudine. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:3967-3978. [PMID: 39296775 PMCID: PMC11410025 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s477083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This retrospective study aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of four oral antiviral drugs including Simnotrelvir/Ritonavir, Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir, Azvudine and Molnupiravir in hospitalized patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a real-world setting, providing evidence to guide clinical practice against COVID-19. Patients and Methods Patients with mild or moderate COVID-19 hospitalized at Wuxi City's Second People's Hospital during December 2022 to June 2023 were included in this study. Patients were grouped by the antiviral drug received. The primary endpoint was the length of hospital stay. Patients were further divided into subgroups for stratified analysis, considering age, timing of medication, and drug mechanisms, to explore whether these factors could influence the treatment efficacy. Results Of the enrolled 195 patients receiving any treatment, 42 received Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir, 33 received Molnupiravir, 81 received Simnotrelvir/Ritonavir, and 39 received Azvudine. Patients in Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir and Simnotrelvir/Ritonavir groups had significantly shorter hospital stays compared to those in Azvudine group (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in hospital stays between those initiating antiviral therapy within or more than five days after symptom onset (P = 0.1109). Among patients with comorbidities, the Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir and Simnotrelvir/Ritonavir group showed shorter hospital stays than the Azvudine group (P < 0.05). No serious treatment-related adverse events were observed across the groups. Conclusion In this retrospective study, Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir and Simnotrelvir/Ritonavir exerts stronger potency on reducing duration of hospital stays in hospitalized patient with COVID-19, suggestive of a better choice for antiviral therapy. Patients who fail to take antiviral drugs in time after symptom onset would still benefit from these antiviral regimens. Additional well-designed clinical trials with large sample size are still needed to further confirm the effectiveness of these antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximiao Yu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiqi Luo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Jiangnan University (Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital), Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guijuan Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Jiangnan University (Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital), Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Ji
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiehong Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiyue Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Qian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Jiangnan University (Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital), Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Jiangnan University (Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital), Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
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20
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Tuhkuri Matvejeff A, Laitinen A, Korhonen M, Oksanen LM, Geneid A, Sanmark E, Vuorinen V. Superspreading of SARS-CoV-2 at a choir rehearsal in Finland-A computational fluid dynamics view on aerosol transmission and patient interviews. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302250. [PMID: 39264883 PMCID: PMC11392323 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the role of aerosol transmission and the importance of superspreading events. We analyzed a choir rehearsal in November 2020, where all participants, except one who had recently earlier recovered from COVID-19, were infected. We explore the risk factors for severe disease in this event and model the aerosol dispersion in the rehearsal room. MATERIALS AND METHODS Characteristics of participants were collected by interviews and supplemented with patient records. A computational simulation of aerosol distribution in the rehearsal room and the efficacy of potential safety measures was conducted using the Large-Eddy Simulation approach. Infection risk was studied by analyzing quanta emission and exposure with the Wells-Riley equation. RESULTS The simulation showed that airborne transmission likely explains this mass contagion event. Every singer was exposed to the virus in only 5 min from the beginning of the rehearsal, and maximum concentration levels were reached at 20 min the concentration levels started to approach a steady state after 20 min. Although concentration differences existed in the room, risk levels near (1 m) and far (5 m) from the aerosol source were similar for certain singers. Modeling indicated infection risk levels of 70-100% after one hour; the risk would have been considerably reduced by wearing high-filtration respirators. Age and pre-existing comorbidities predicted more severe disease. The high incidence of illness may be partly attributed to the relatively high median age of individuals. Additionally, those admitted to the hospital had multiple underlying health conditions that predispose them to more severe disease. CONCLUSIONS Airborne transmission and indoor space can explain this mass exposure event. High-filtration respirators could have prevented some infections. The importance of safety distances diminishes the longer the indoor event. The concept of safety distance is challenging, as our study suggests that long range airborne transmission may occur in indoor events with extended duration. We encourage informing the public, especially persons at risk, of safety measures during epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tuhkuri Matvejeff
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Phoniatrics - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alpo Laitinen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Marko Korhonen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Lotta-Maria Oksanen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Phoniatrics - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ahmed Geneid
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Phoniatrics - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Enni Sanmark
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Phoniatrics - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ville Vuorinen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
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Mohd Abd Razak MR, Md Jelas NH, Norahmad NA, Mohmad Misnan N, Muhammad A, Padlan N, Sa'at MNF, Zainol M, Syed Mohamed AF. In vitro study on efficacy of SKF7 ®, a Malaysian medicinal plant product against SARS-CoV-2. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:333. [PMID: 39261916 PMCID: PMC11389526 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04628-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In early 2020, COVID-19 pandemic has mobilized researchers in finding new remedies including repurposing of medicinal plant products focusing on direct-acting antiviral and host-directed therapies. In this study, we performed an in vitro investigation on the standardized Marantodes pumilum extract (SKF7®) focusing on anti-SARS-CoV-2 and anti-inflammatory activities. METHODS Anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential of the SKF7® was evaluated in SARS-CoV-2-infected Vero E6 cells and SARS-CoV-2-infected A549 cells by cytopathic effect-based assay and RT-qPCR, respectively. Target based assays were performed on the SKF7® against the S1-ACE2 interaction and 3CL protease activities. Anti-inflammatory activity of the SKF7® was evaluated by nitric oxide inhibitory and TLR2/TLR4 receptor blocker assays. RESULTS The SKF7® inhibited wild-type Wuhan (EC50 of 21.99 µg/mL) and omicron (EC50 of 16.29 µg/mL) SARS-CoV-2 infections in Vero-E6 cells. The SKF7® also inhibited the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 infection in A549 cells (EC50 value of 6.31 µg/mL). The SKF7® prominently inhibited 3CL protease activity. The SKF7® inhibited the LPS induced-TLR4 response with the EC50 of 16.19 µg/mL. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our in vitro study highlighted anti-SARS-CoV-2 and anti-inflammatory potentials of the SKF7®. Future pre-clinical in vivo studies focusing on antiviral and immunomodulatory potentials of the SKF7® in affecting the COVID-19 pathogenesis are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Ridzuan Mohd Abd Razak
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Nur Hana Md Jelas
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Azrina Norahmad
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norazlan Mohmad Misnan
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Amirrudin Muhammad
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noorsofiana Padlan
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Nor Farhan Sa'at
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Murizal Zainol
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ami Fazlin Syed Mohamed
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
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22
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da Silva MC, Fidalski SZK, Boguszewski CL. SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in patients with pituitary diseases: the experience of a Brazilian reference center. Pituitary 2024:10.1007/s11102-024-01456-2. [PMID: 39249662 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-024-01456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the prevalence, efficacy, and safety of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with pituitary diseases. METHODS Observational, cross-sectional study of adult patients with pituitary diseases followed in a reference center. Clinical data were collected and a questionnaire about SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccination and its possible adverse effects was applied. COVID-19 disease severity was defined as mild, moderate, and severe according to the WHO classification. RESULTS 145 patients were studied (79 women; age 50 ± 15.8 years; duration of pituitary disease 16.8 ± 11.5 years), the cause of pituitary disease was tumoral in 74.5%, and 45.9% were on glucocorticoid replacement due to ACTH deficiency. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed in 51 patients (35.2%; 32 women; age 53.8 ± 14.8 years, 22 before vaccination), with 28 (54.9%), 17 (33.3%) and 6 (11.8%) cases of mild, moderate, and severe disease, respectively, and hospitalization was indicated in 7 (14%) cases. One mild case presented pituitary apoplexy after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Advanced age was a risk factor for COVID-19. Patients with moderate and severe forms of COVID-19 had higher prevalence of dyslipidemia and duration of pituitary disease. All but one of the participants were vaccinated against COVID-19, and 60.4% had adverse events, the most common local pain (54.0%), fever (33.3%), and headache (18.4%), with one case of alopecia and two of persistent fatigue. CONCLUSION The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in our cohort was 35.2%, including 14% of moderate and severe cases requiring hospitalization. The vaccination was universal and safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Cunha da Silva
- SEMPR (Endocrine Division), Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Parana, Agostinho Leão Junior 285, Curitiba, 80030-110, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Cesar Luiz Boguszewski
- SEMPR (Endocrine Division), Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Parana, Agostinho Leão Junior 285, Curitiba, 80030-110, PR, Brazil.
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23
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Sanchez JG, Jiang WM, Dhodapkar MM, Radford ZJ, Rubin LE, Grauer JN. 90-Day Complication and Readmission Rates for Geriatric Patients With Hip Fracture at Different Time Points From COVID-19 Positivity: A Database Study. J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev 2024; 8:01979360-202409000-00010. [PMID: 39330875 PMCID: PMC11412709 DOI: 10.5435/jaaosglobal-d-24-00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Geriatric patients with hip fracture are at risk of having COVID-19 while needing fracture treatment. Understanding the associated risks of variable timing of COVID-19 before surgery may help direct care algorithms. METHODS Geriatric patients with documented hip fracture surgery were identified within the PearlDiver M157 database. Patients with a preoperative COVID-19 diagnosis were classified based on time from diagnosis to surgery: ≤ 1 week, > 1 to ≤ 4 weeks, > 4 to ≤ 7 weeks, > 7 to ≤ 10 weeks, and > 10 to ≤ 13 weeks. The association of COVID-19 diagnoses with 90-day complications was evaluated. RESULTS Overall, 263,771 patients with hip fracture were identified, of which COVID-19 within 13 weeks of surgery was documented for 976. On multivariable analysis, patients with COVID-19 infection within ≤ 1 week preoperatively demonstrated increased rates of minor adverse events (odds ratio (OR) = 1.50), all adverse events (OR = 1.59), sepsis (OR = 1.70), and pneumonia (OR = 2.35) (P ≤ 0.0007 for each). For time points greater than 1 week, there were no differences in complication rates. DISCUSSION Patients with COVID-19 within 1 week of hip fracture surgery demonstrated greater odds of 90-day complications. Reassuringly, patients with COVID-19 diagnoses more than 1 week preoperatively were not associated with increased odds of any assessed complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua G Sanchez
- From the Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University, New Haven, CT
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24
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Choe C, Moon Y, Yu S. COVID-19 and depressive symptoms among older adults in South Korea. J Women Aging 2024; 36:359-371. [PMID: 38736377 DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2024.2345467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
This study analyzed the effects of COVID-19 and gender differences in depressive symptoms in older adults using data from the 7th (2018) and 8th (2020) surveys of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. A panel two-way-fixed effects model was used to control for individual fixed effects and time effects. A 0.1% point increase in the intensity of COVID-19 was associated with an average increase of 1.5 points out of 10 on the Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, 10-item version (CES-D10) among older adults. The increase in depression was greater among women. Depressive factors due to COVID-19 among older adults are more likely to be related to negative emotions or interpersonal relationships than to physical and behavioral decline. Depression prevention policies for older adults should be informed by these gender differences. While older men require assistance with instrumental activities of daily living such as housework, meal preparation, etc., older women should be provided with online socialization opportunities to interact with others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Choe
- Department of Economics, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeogyoung Moon
- Department of Economics, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seunghee Yu
- General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul, Korea
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25
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Lesmes-Rodríguez LC, Pedraza-Castillo LN, Jaramillo-Hernández DA. HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1 seroprevalence and its relationship with the clinical features of COVID-19 patients from Villavicencio, Colombia. BIOMEDICA : REVISTA DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD 2024; 44:340-354. [PMID: 39241243 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.7168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to the cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and common human coronaviruses, previous infections with these viruses could contribute to serological or cellular cross-protection against severe COVID-19. However, protective immunity may not develop, or pre-existing immunity could increase COVID-19 severity. OBJECTIVE To determine the seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-HKU1 and correlate previous exposure with COVID-19 signs in patients from Villavicencio. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted. ELISA technique was used to search for IgG antibodies against HCoV-NL3 and HCoV-HKU1 in patients with positive RT-qPCR results for SARS-CoV-2. Patients were grouped according to COVID-19 clinical characteristics in four groups: group 1: asymptomatic (n = 23); group 2: hospitalized (n = 24); group 3: intensive care units (n = 24), and group 4: dead (n = 22). RESULTS The overall seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against HCoV was 74.2% (n = 69; 95% CI: 65.3-83.1), with 66.7% of HCoV-NL63 (n = 62; 95% CI: 57,1-76,2), and 25.8% of HCoV-HKU1 (n = 24; 95% CI: 16,9-34,7). Based on crosstab analysis, prior exposure to HCoV-NL63 was associated with protection against severe COVID-19 (p = 0.042; adjusted OR = 0.159; 95% CI: 0.027-0.938), and previous coinfection of HCoV-NL63 and HCoVHKU1 was considered a positive association to severe COVID-19 (p = 0.048; adjusted OR = 16.704; 95% CI: 1.020 - 273.670). CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study addressing seroprevalence of HCoV IgG antibodies in Colombia and Latin America. Previous exposure to HCoV-NL63 could protect against severe COVID-19, whereas patients with underlying HCoV-NL63 and HCoVHKU1 coinfection could be hospitalized with severe signs of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lida Carolina Lesmes-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología y Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad de los Llanos, Villavicencio, Colombia
| | - Luz Natalia Pedraza-Castillo
- Escuela de Ciencias Animales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de los Llanos, Villavicencio, Colombia
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Rostamzadeh S, Allafasghari A, Allafasghari A, Abouhossein A. Handgrip strength as a prognostic factor for COVID-19 mortality among older adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU): a comparison Alpha (B.1.1.7) and Delta (B.1.617.2) variants. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19927. [PMID: 39198687 PMCID: PMC11358457 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71034-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Handgrip strength (HGS) is a non-invasive and reliable biomarker of overall health, physical function, mobility, and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the possible relationship between HGS and mortality in older adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the intensive care unit (ICU) by Alpha (B.1.1.7) and Delta (B.1.617.2) variants. This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 472 COVID-19 patients (222 female and 250 male) aged 60-85 years admitted to the ICU. Demographic data, underlying comorbidities, COVID-19-related symptoms, as well as laboratory and computed tomography (CT) findings were obtained from the patient's medical records. Using a JAMAR® hydraulic dynamometer, the average grip strength value (kg) after three measurements on the dominant side was recorded for subsequent analysis. Low grip strength (LGS) was defined as an arbitrary cut-off of two standard deviations below the gender-specific peak mean value of normative HGS in Iranian healthy population, i.e. < 26 kg in males and < 14 kg in females. The findings showed lower mean grip strength and high frequency of LGS in the non-survivors patients versus survivors group and in the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant vs. Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant, respectively (both p < 0.01). The binary logistic regression analysis showed that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 5.125, 95% CI 1.425-25.330), LGS (OR 4.805, 95% CI 1.624-10.776), SaO2 (OR - 3.501, 95% CI 2.452-1.268), C-reactive protein (CRP) level (OR 2.625, 95% CI 1.256-7.356), and age (OR 1.118, 95% CI 1.045-1.092) were found to be independent predictors for mortality of patients with Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant (all p < 0.05). However, only four independent predictors including COPD (OR 6.728, 95% CI 1.683-28.635), LGS (OR 5.405, 95% CI 1.461-11.768), SaO2 (OR - 4.120, 95% CI 2.924-1.428), and CRP level (OR 1.893, 95% CI 1.127-8.692) can be predicted the mortality of patients with Delta (B.1.617.2) variant (p < 0.05). Along with the well-known and common risk factors (i.e. COPD, CRP, and SaO2), handgrip strength can be a quick and low-cost prognostic tool in predicting chances of mortality in older adults who are afflicted with COVID-19 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Rostamzadeh
- Department of Ergonomics, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atabak Allafasghari
- Department of Health, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Amin Allafasghari
- Department of Health, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Alireza Abouhossein
- Department of Ergonomics, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Halwani MA, Halwani MA. Prediction of COVID-19 Hospitalization and Mortality Using Artificial Intelligence. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1694. [PMID: 39273719 PMCID: PMC11395195 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12171694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 has had a substantial influence on healthcare systems, requiring early prognosis for innovative therapies and optimal results, especially in individuals with comorbidities. AI systems have been used by healthcare practitioners for investigating, anticipating, and predicting diseases, through means including medication development, clinical trial analysis, and pandemic forecasting. This study proposes the use of AI to predict disease severity in terms of hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia. Data were cleaned by encoding categorical variables and replacing missing quantitative values with their mean. The outcome variable, hospital mortality, was labeled as death = 0 or survival = 1, with all baseline investigations, clinical symptoms, and laboratory findings used as predictors. Decision trees, SVM, and random forest algorithms were employed. The training process included splitting the data set into training and testing sets, performing 5-fold cross-validation to tune hyperparameters, and evaluating performance on the test set using accuracy. RESULTS The study assessed the predictive accuracy of outcomes and mortality for COVID-19 patients based on factors such as CRP, LDH, Ferritin, ALP, Bilirubin, D-Dimers, and hospital stay (p-value ≤ 0.05). The analysis revealed that hospital stay, D-Dimers, ALP, Bilirubin, LDH, CRP, and Ferritin significantly influenced hospital mortality (p ≤ 0.0001). The results demonstrated high predictive accuracy, with decision trees achieving 76%, random forest 80%, and support vector machines (SVMs) 82%. CONCLUSIONS Artificial intelligence is a tool crucial for identifying early coronavirus infections and monitoring patient conditions. It improves treatment consistency and decision-making via the development of algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manal Ahmed Halwani
- Emergency Department, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Indolfi C, Dinardo G, Klain A, Decimo F, Miraglia Del Giudice M. Treatment of Severe Asthma: Case Report of Fast Action of Mepolizumab in a Patient with Recent SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:1063. [PMID: 39337848 PMCID: PMC11433087 DOI: 10.3390/life14091063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases of childhood with a heterogeneous impact on health and quality of life. Mepolizumab is an antagonist of interleukin-5, indicated as an adjunct therapy for severe refractory eosinophilic asthma in adolescents and children aged >6 years old. We present the case of a 9 year-old boy with severe asthma who experienced several asthmatic exacerbations following a SARS-CoV-2 infection, necessitating therapy with short-acting bronchodilators, oral corticosteroids, and hospitalization. We follow the patient using validated questionnaires for the evaluation of asthma control: Children Asthma Control Test, Asthma Control Questionnaire, respiratory function tests, and evaluation of exhaled nitric oxide fraction. After 12 weeks from the start of therapy with mepolizumab, we found significant improvements in lung function, a reduction in the degree of bronchial inflammation, and improvements in quality of life. No asthmatic exacerbations have been reported since the initiation of treatment with mepolizumab. Respiratory infections, such as those related to SARS-CoV-2, represent a significant risk factor for exacerbations in patients with moderate to severe forms of asthma. In our experience, following new episodes of exacerbation, the initiation of treatment with mepolizumab has allowed us to improve asthma control and enhance the quality of life of patients from the first doses. Although mepolizumab showed promise in this child with severe asthma during SARS-CoV-2 infection, the results from this single case cannot be generalized. Further studies are needed to confirm its safety and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Indolfi
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giulio Dinardo
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Klain
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Decimo
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Miraglia Del Giudice
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
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Lira Tenório MD, Dos Santos Menezes Siqueira GV, Costa Caldas G, Pacheco de Almeida R, Ribeiro de Jesus A, Martins-Filho PR. Asthma as a risk factor and allergic rhinitis as a protective factor for COVID-19 severity: a case-control study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024:10.1007/s00405-024-08893-6. [PMID: 39180537 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-024-08893-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant global morbidity and mortality. The disease presents a broad clinical spectrum, significantly influenced by underlying comorbidities. While certain conditions are known to exacerbate COVID-19 outcomes, the role of chronic inflammatory airway diseases such as asthma and rhinitis in influencing disease severity remains controversial. This study investigates the association between asthma and allergic rhinitis and the severity of COVID-19 outcomes in a specific geographical region prior to widespread vaccine deployment. METHODS We conducted a case-control study with unvaccinated adult patients who had laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Cases were defined as severe or critical COVID-19 patients requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and controls were non-severe patients without signs of viral pneumonia or hypoxia. We utilized the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire to assess the presence of asthma and allergic rhinitis. The association between these chronic inflammatory airway diseases and the severity of COVID-19 was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 122 patients were analyzed, with 61 in each group. The presence of asthma (9 patients) was associated with an increased likelihood of severe COVID-19 (OR = 13.0; 95% CI 1.27-133.74), while rhinitis (39 patients) was associated with a protective effect against severe outcomes (OR = 0.36; 95% CI 0.13-0.99). No significant association was found between the frequency of asthmatic episodes or the severity of rhinitis and the severity of COVID-19 outcomes. CONCLUSION This study underscores the divergent effects of chronic inflammatory airway diseases on COVID-19 severity, with asthma associated with a higher likelihood of severe outcomes and rhinitis potentially offering protective effects. These findings enhance our understanding of the complex interactions between respiratory allergies and COVID-19, emphasizing the importance of targeted clinical management and public health strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Débora Lira Tenório
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
- Investigative Pathology Laboratory, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Roque Pacheco de Almeida
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Amélia Ribeiro de Jesus
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Paulo Ricardo Martins-Filho
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
- Investigative Pathology Laboratory, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
- Hospital Universitário, Laboratório de Patologia Investigativa, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista, s/n. Sanatório, Aracaju, CEP: 49060-100, Sergipe, Brasil.
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30
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Pagel C. Making pandemic planning part of the everyday. BMJ 2024; 386:q1847. [PMID: 39174286 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.q1847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Pagel
- Clinical Operational Research Unit, University College London
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31
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de Aguiar BRL, Ferreira EB, De Luca Canto G, Guerra ENS, Dos Reis PED. Prevalence of skin manifestations in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1390775. [PMID: 39234048 PMCID: PMC11371801 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1390775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 presents extrapulmonary manifestations that can aid in the diagnosis. Skin manifestations have been reported but their characteristics are not yet clear. Health professionals need information about its prevalence and main characteristics. Methods This systematic review followed the PRISMA criteria. The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO (number CRD42020193173). Seven electronic databases and the gray literature were searched independently by two researchers. Observational analytical studies that presented data on the prevalence of skin manifestations in patients aged 19 or older with COVID-19 were included. Prevalence estimates were synthesized through a meta-analysis using random-effects models. Association meta-analysis and comparisons were performed for individual characteristics. Results We included 31 studies with 10,934 patients, of which 10,121 tested positive for COVID-19. The general prevalence of skin manifestations was 29% (95% CI: 17.0-43.0; I2: 99%), the most in Africa, with a mean duration between 7 and 9 days and the most frequently affecting feet+hands (75%) and the trunk (71%). Patients with mild/moderate COVID-19 had more of chilblain-like+pernio-like lesions (97%) and inflammatory lesions (86%) than patients with severe or critical COVID-19. Manifestations of vascular origin were only in elderly patients and were significant with the severity of COVID-19 (p = 0). Conclusion The global prevalence of skin manifestations is similar to other signs and symptoms of COVID-19. Skin assessment should be considered when investigating and diagnosing COVID-19 in adult and elderly patients.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO, identifier CRD42020193173, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020193173.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Regina Lima de Aguiar
- Health Science Graduate Program, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Research Applied to Clinical Practice in Oncology, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Elaine Barros Ferreira
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Research Applied to Clinical Practice in Oncology, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Graziela De Luca Canto
- Department of Dentistry, Brazilian Centre for Evidence-Based Research, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Eliete Neves Silva Guerra
- Health Science Graduate Program, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Research Applied to Clinical Practice in Oncology, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Paula Elaine Diniz Dos Reis
- Health Science Graduate Program, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Research Applied to Clinical Practice in Oncology, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
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Wang Q, Dong Z, Zhang W, Zheng Y, Lyu Q, Zhang R, Huang H, Liu F, Wang Y, Zhang L, Cao X, Wu J, Zhou J, Cai G, Chen X. COVID-19 epidemic investigation study of a follow-up cohort of patients with diabetic kidney disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1388260. [PMID: 39228893 PMCID: PMC11368908 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1388260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) patients in China is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate infection status in a DKD cohort post-renal biopsy and analyze vaccination and infection rates, as well as symptom severity, across various renal pathologies in DKD patients. Methods This epidemiological survey, centered on COVID-19, employed a Chinese DKD and renal puncture follow-up cohort. A customized questionnaire enabled standardized data gathering. It collected data on clinical characteristics, vaccination and infection statuses, and diverse pathological types. The study analyzed the relationship between vaccination and infection statuses across various pathological types, evaluating characteristics and treatment outcomes in patients with infections. Results In total, 437 patients with DKD from 26 Chinese provinces were followed up for a median of 44.6 ± 20 months. COVID-19 infection, vaccination, and novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) rates were 73.68%, 59.3%, and 6.63%, respectively. Ten patients with NCP had severe pneumonia or died of COVID-19. Renal pathology revealed that 167 (38.22%) patients had diabetic nephropathy (DN), 171 (39.13%) had non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD), and 99 had DN and NDRD (22.65%). The DN group had the lowest vaccination (54.5%), highest all-cause mortality (3.6%), and highest endpoint rates (34.10%). Compared to patients who were not vaccinated pre-infection (117 cases), vaccinated patients (198 cases) had reduced NCP (6.6% vs. 13.7%), severity (1.0% vs. 3.4%), and endpoint (9.10% vs. 31.60%) rates. Conclusion Vaccination can prevent infection and diminish COVID-19 severity in patients with DKD; therefore, increasing vaccination rates is particularly important. Clinical Trial registration ClinicalTrails.gov, NCT05888909.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zheyi Dong
- *Correspondence: Xiangmei Chen, ; Zheyi Dong,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China
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Najjar-Debbiny R, Nobili A, Mannuccio Mannucci P, Barnett-Griness O, Saliba W, Adir Y, Antonella Galbussera A, Tettamanti M, D’Avanzo B, Harari S. Mortality during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Comparative Analysis between Lombardy in Italy and Israel. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4766. [PMID: 39200908 PMCID: PMC11355292 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: This retrospective study contrasts the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Lombardy (Italy) and Israel, focusing on mortality, healthcare response, public health measures, and demographics. Methods: We analyzed SARS-CoV-2 data from Lombardy and Israel covering four viral waves. Data included infection rates, hospitalizations, and mortality. In Lombardy, healthcare data were collected from the administrative database of the Lombardy Welfare Directorate; in Israel, they were collected from Clalit Health Services and the Israeli Ministry of Health's COVID-19 database. Statistical analyses compared trends in infection rates, demographics, and mortality rates across the four viral waves by using logistic and linear regression models and adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidities. Results: Lombardy exhibited significantly higher SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 hospitalization rates during the first wave than Israel, with 71,558 cases over a population sample of ~10 million versus 5741 over a population sample of ~4.7 million in Israel. The majority of cases in Israel were managed at home, with 18 cases only (0.3%) requiring intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization during the first wave, compared to 4104 (5.7%) cases in Lombardy. Israel's vaccination campaign began earlier, so that by the fourth wave, 439,545 (42.2%) people in Israel were fully vaccinated with three doses, compared to 214,542 (22.9%) in Lombardy. Mortality decreased over time in both sites, dropping from 103 cases (1.8%) to 1550 (0.1%) in Israel and from 13,372 (18.7%) to 4388 (0.3%) in Lombardy. Conclusions: Early public health interventions and vaccination were crucial in managing the SARS-CoV-2 impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronza Najjar-Debbiny
- Infection Control and Prevention Unit, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa 3436212, Israel
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3436212, Israel; (W.S.); (Y.A.)
| | - Alessandro Nobili
- Department of Health Policy, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (A.N.); (A.A.G.); (M.T.); (B.D.)
| | - Pier Mannuccio Mannucci
- Depart Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Ofra Barnett-Griness
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa 3436212, Israel;
- Statistical Unit, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa 3436212, Israel
| | - Walid Saliba
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3436212, Israel; (W.S.); (Y.A.)
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa 3436212, Israel;
- Translational Epidemiology Unit and Research Authority, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa 3436212, Israel
| | - Yochai Adir
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3436212, Israel; (W.S.); (Y.A.)
- Pulmonology Unit, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa 3436212, Israel
| | - Alessia Antonella Galbussera
- Department of Health Policy, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (A.N.); (A.A.G.); (M.T.); (B.D.)
| | - Mauro Tettamanti
- Department of Health Policy, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (A.N.); (A.A.G.); (M.T.); (B.D.)
| | - Barbara D’Avanzo
- Department of Health Policy, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (A.N.); (A.A.G.); (M.T.); (B.D.)
| | - Sergio Harari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università di Milano, 20123 Milan, Italy;
- Division of Internal Medicine, Multimedica IRCSS, 20123 Milano, Italy
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Du T, Sun Y, Wang X, Jiang T, Xu N, Boukhers Z, Grzegorzek M, Sun H, Li C. A non-enhanced CT-based deep learning diagnostic system for COVID-19 infection at high risk among lung cancer patients. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1444708. [PMID: 39188873 PMCID: PMC11345710 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1444708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pneumonia and lung cancer have a mutually reinforcing relationship. Lung cancer patients are prone to contracting COVID-19, with poorer prognoses. Additionally, COVID-19 infection can impact anticancer treatments for lung cancer patients. Developing an early diagnostic system for COVID-19 pneumonia can help improve the prognosis of lung cancer patients with COVID-19 infection. Method This study proposes a neural network for COVID-19 diagnosis based on non-enhanced CT scans, consisting of two 3D convolutional neural networks (CNN) connected in series to form two diagnostic modules. The first diagnostic module classifies COVID-19 pneumonia patients from other pneumonia patients, while the second diagnostic module distinguishes severe COVID-19 patients from ordinary COVID-19 patients. We also analyzed the correlation between the deep learning features of the two diagnostic modules and various laboratory parameters, including KL-6. Result The first diagnostic module achieved an accuracy of 0.9669 on the training set and 0.8884 on the test set, while the second diagnostic module achieved an accuracy of 0.9722 on the training set and 0.9184 on the test set. Strong correlation was observed between the deep learning parameters of the second diagnostic module and KL-6. Conclusion Our neural network can differentiate between COVID-19 pneumonia and other pneumonias on CT images, while also distinguishing between ordinary COVID-19 patients and those with white lung. Patients with white lung in COVID-19 have greater alveolar damage compared to ordinary COVID-19 patients, and our deep learning features can serve as an imaging biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianming Du
- College of Medicine and Biological information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yihao Sun
- College of Medicine and Biological information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinghao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning Xu
- School of Arts and Design, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun, Liaoning, China
| | - Zeyd Boukhers
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology FIT, Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Marcin Grzegorzek
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hongzan Sun
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chen Li
- College of Medicine and Biological information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
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Póvoa da Costa F, de Sarges KML, da Silva R, dos Santos EF, do Nascimento MH, Rodrigues AM, Cantanhede MHD, Rodrigues FBB, Viana MDNDSDA, Leite MDM, de Oliveira CF, Neves PFMD, Pereira Neto GDS, de Brito MTFM, da Silva ALS, Henriques DF, Quaresma JAS, Falcão LFM, Queiroz MAF, Vallinoto IMVC, Vallinoto ACR, Viana GMR, dos Santos EJM. Genetic, Clinical, Epidemiological, and Immunological Profiling of IgG Response Duration after SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8740. [PMID: 39201427 PMCID: PMC11354850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The IgG response against SARS-CoV-2 infection can persist for over six months (long response; LR). However, among 30% of those infected, the duration can be as short as three months or less (short response; SR). The present study assembled serological data on the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG response duration of two previous studies and integrated these results with the plasmatic cytokine levels and genetic profile of 10 immune-relevant SNPs that were also previously published, along with the plasmatic total IgG, IgA, and IgM levels, allowing for the genetic, clinical, immunological, and epidemiological aspects of the post-COVID-19 IgG response duration to be understood. The SR was associated with previous mild acute COVID-19 and with an SNP (rs2228145) in IL6R related to low gene expression. Additionally, among the SR subgroup, no statistically significant Spearman correlations were observed between the plasma levels of IL-17A and the Th17 regulatory cytokines IFN-γ (rs = 0.2399; p = 0.1043), IL-4 (rs = 0.0273; p = 0.8554), and IL-2 (rs = 0.2204; p = 0.1365), while among the LR subgroup, weaker but statistically significant Spearman correlations were observed between the plasma levels of IL-17A and IFN-γ (rs = 0.3873; p = 0.0016), IL-4 (rs = 0.2671; p = 0.0328), and IL-2 (rs = 0.3959; p = 0.0012). These results suggest that the Th17 response mediated by the IL-6 pathway has a role in the prolonged IgG response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Póvoa da Costa
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (F.P.d.C.); (K.M.L.d.S.); (R.d.S.); (E.F.d.S.); (M.H.d.N.); (A.M.R.); (M.H.D.C.); (F.B.B.R.); (M.d.N.d.S.d.A.V.); (M.d.M.L.); (M.T.F.M.d.B.); (A.L.S.d.S.)
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (G.d.S.P.N.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.V.); (A.C.R.V.); (G.M.R.V.)
| | - Kevin Matheus Lima de Sarges
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (F.P.d.C.); (K.M.L.d.S.); (R.d.S.); (E.F.d.S.); (M.H.d.N.); (A.M.R.); (M.H.D.C.); (F.B.B.R.); (M.d.N.d.S.d.A.V.); (M.d.M.L.); (M.T.F.M.d.B.); (A.L.S.d.S.)
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (G.d.S.P.N.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.V.); (A.C.R.V.); (G.M.R.V.)
| | - Rosilene da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (F.P.d.C.); (K.M.L.d.S.); (R.d.S.); (E.F.d.S.); (M.H.d.N.); (A.M.R.); (M.H.D.C.); (F.B.B.R.); (M.d.N.d.S.d.A.V.); (M.d.M.L.); (M.T.F.M.d.B.); (A.L.S.d.S.)
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (G.d.S.P.N.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.V.); (A.C.R.V.); (G.M.R.V.)
| | - Erika Ferreira dos Santos
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (F.P.d.C.); (K.M.L.d.S.); (R.d.S.); (E.F.d.S.); (M.H.d.N.); (A.M.R.); (M.H.D.C.); (F.B.B.R.); (M.d.N.d.S.d.A.V.); (M.d.M.L.); (M.T.F.M.d.B.); (A.L.S.d.S.)
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (G.d.S.P.N.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.V.); (A.C.R.V.); (G.M.R.V.)
| | - Matheus Holanda do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (F.P.d.C.); (K.M.L.d.S.); (R.d.S.); (E.F.d.S.); (M.H.d.N.); (A.M.R.); (M.H.D.C.); (F.B.B.R.); (M.d.N.d.S.d.A.V.); (M.d.M.L.); (M.T.F.M.d.B.); (A.L.S.d.S.)
| | - Alice Maciel Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (F.P.d.C.); (K.M.L.d.S.); (R.d.S.); (E.F.d.S.); (M.H.d.N.); (A.M.R.); (M.H.D.C.); (F.B.B.R.); (M.d.N.d.S.d.A.V.); (M.d.M.L.); (M.T.F.M.d.B.); (A.L.S.d.S.)
| | - Marcos Henrique Damasceno Cantanhede
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (F.P.d.C.); (K.M.L.d.S.); (R.d.S.); (E.F.d.S.); (M.H.d.N.); (A.M.R.); (M.H.D.C.); (F.B.B.R.); (M.d.N.d.S.d.A.V.); (M.d.M.L.); (M.T.F.M.d.B.); (A.L.S.d.S.)
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (G.d.S.P.N.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.V.); (A.C.R.V.); (G.M.R.V.)
| | - Fabíola Brasil Barbosa Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (F.P.d.C.); (K.M.L.d.S.); (R.d.S.); (E.F.d.S.); (M.H.d.N.); (A.M.R.); (M.H.D.C.); (F.B.B.R.); (M.d.N.d.S.d.A.V.); (M.d.M.L.); (M.T.F.M.d.B.); (A.L.S.d.S.)
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (G.d.S.P.N.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.V.); (A.C.R.V.); (G.M.R.V.)
| | - Maria de Nazaré do Socorro de Almeida Viana
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (F.P.d.C.); (K.M.L.d.S.); (R.d.S.); (E.F.d.S.); (M.H.d.N.); (A.M.R.); (M.H.D.C.); (F.B.B.R.); (M.d.N.d.S.d.A.V.); (M.d.M.L.); (M.T.F.M.d.B.); (A.L.S.d.S.)
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (G.d.S.P.N.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.V.); (A.C.R.V.); (G.M.R.V.)
| | - Mauro de Meira Leite
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (F.P.d.C.); (K.M.L.d.S.); (R.d.S.); (E.F.d.S.); (M.H.d.N.); (A.M.R.); (M.H.D.C.); (F.B.B.R.); (M.d.N.d.S.d.A.V.); (M.d.M.L.); (M.T.F.M.d.B.); (A.L.S.d.S.)
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (G.d.S.P.N.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.V.); (A.C.R.V.); (G.M.R.V.)
| | - Camille Ferreira de Oliveira
- Section of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67000-000, Pará, Brazil; (C.F.d.O.); (D.F.H.)
| | - Pablo Fabiano Moura das Neves
- Center of Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Pará, Belém 66050-540, Pará, Brazil; (P.F.M.d.N.); (J.A.S.Q.); (L.F.M.F.)
| | - Gabriel dos Santos Pereira Neto
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (G.d.S.P.N.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.V.); (A.C.R.V.); (G.M.R.V.)
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
| | - Mioni Thieli Figueiredo Magalhães de Brito
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (F.P.d.C.); (K.M.L.d.S.); (R.d.S.); (E.F.d.S.); (M.H.d.N.); (A.M.R.); (M.H.D.C.); (F.B.B.R.); (M.d.N.d.S.d.A.V.); (M.d.M.L.); (M.T.F.M.d.B.); (A.L.S.d.S.)
| | - Andréa Luciana Soares da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (F.P.d.C.); (K.M.L.d.S.); (R.d.S.); (E.F.d.S.); (M.H.d.N.); (A.M.R.); (M.H.D.C.); (F.B.B.R.); (M.d.N.d.S.d.A.V.); (M.d.M.L.); (M.T.F.M.d.B.); (A.L.S.d.S.)
| | - Daniele Freitas Henriques
- Section of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67000-000, Pará, Brazil; (C.F.d.O.); (D.F.H.)
| | - Juarez Antônio Simões Quaresma
- Center of Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Pará, Belém 66050-540, Pará, Brazil; (P.F.M.d.N.); (J.A.S.Q.); (L.F.M.F.)
| | - Luiz Fábio Magno Falcão
- Center of Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Pará, Belém 66050-540, Pará, Brazil; (P.F.M.d.N.); (J.A.S.Q.); (L.F.M.F.)
| | - Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (G.d.S.P.N.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.V.); (A.C.R.V.); (G.M.R.V.)
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
| | - Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres Vallinoto
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (G.d.S.P.N.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.V.); (A.C.R.V.); (G.M.R.V.)
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (G.d.S.P.N.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.V.); (A.C.R.V.); (G.M.R.V.)
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil
| | - Giselle Maria Rachid Viana
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (G.d.S.P.N.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.V.); (A.C.R.V.); (G.M.R.V.)
- Malaria Basic Research Laboratory, Parasitology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67000-000, Pará, Brazil
| | - Eduardo José Melo dos Santos
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (F.P.d.C.); (K.M.L.d.S.); (R.d.S.); (E.F.d.S.); (M.H.d.N.); (A.M.R.); (M.H.D.C.); (F.B.B.R.); (M.d.N.d.S.d.A.V.); (M.d.M.L.); (M.T.F.M.d.B.); (A.L.S.d.S.)
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, Brazil; (G.d.S.P.N.); (M.A.F.Q.); (I.M.V.C.V.); (A.C.R.V.); (G.M.R.V.)
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Tisch C, Xourgia E, Exadaktylos A, Ziaka M. Potential use of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors during acute illness: a systematic review based on COVID-19. Endocrine 2024; 85:660-675. [PMID: 38448675 PMCID: PMC11291544 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03758-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE SGLT-2i are increasingly recognized for their benefits in patients with cardiometabolic risk factors. Additionally, emerging evidence suggests potential applications in acute illnesses, including COVID-19. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effects of SGLT-2i in patients facing acute illness, particularly focusing on SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, medRxiv, Research Square, and Google Scholar identified 22 studies meeting inclusion criteria, including randomized controlled trials and observational studies. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted independently. RESULTS Out of the 22 studies included in the review, six reported reduced mortality in DM-2 patients taking SGLT-2i, while two found a decreased risk of hospitalization. Moreover, one study demonstrated a lower in-hospital mortality rate in DM-2 patients under combined therapy of metformin plus SGLT-2i. However, three studies showed a neutral effect on the risk of hospitalization. No increased risk of developing COVID-19 was associated with SGLT-2i use in DM-2 patients. Prior use of SGLT-2i was not associated with ICU admission and need for MV. The risk of acute kidney injury showed variability, with inconsistent evidence regarding diabetic ketoacidosis. CONCLUSION Our systematic review reveals mixed findings on the efficacy of SGLT-2i use in COVID-19 patients with cardiometabolic risk factors. While some studies suggest potential benefits in reducing mortality and hospitalizations, others report inconclusive results. Further research is needed to clarify optimal usage and mitigate associated risks, emphasizing caution in clinical interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Tisch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thun General Hospital, Thun, Switzerland
| | - Eleni Xourgia
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University Hospital, University of Bern, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Aristomenis Exadaktylos
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mairi Ziaka
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Scholz B, Grey F, Graham J, Mitchell I, Kirk L, Warner T. 'The Norm Is to Not Openly Collaborate': Using the Lens of Co-Production to Evaluate the Development of a COVID-19 ICU Triage Policy. Health Expect 2024; 27:e14159. [PMID: 39072847 PMCID: PMC11283282 DOI: 10.1111/hex.14159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In 2020, surging cases of COVID-19 meant that health services had to plan for crisis-level triage. In the Australian Capital Territory, the Clinical Health Emergency Coordination Centre sought to develop a triage policy in collaboration with a range of consumer, carer and community groups. This study aims to map the collaborative development of the COVID-19 ICU triage policy onto the principles of co-production. METHODS Interviews were conducted with facilitators, members of advocacy or consumer groups and clinicians who were involved in the development of the triage policy. Interviews were thematically analysed using both theory- and data-driven approaches to, respectively, draw on the theoretical framework of co-production, and to explore participants' perspectives relevant to but beyond the scope of this theoretical framework. RESULTS The findings suggest that at each stage of the initiative, there were ways in which the principles of co-production were met, and ways in which they were not met. One of the fundamental concerns that arose was about whether trying to solve a problem based on resources was compatible with a solution based on human rights. CONCLUSION Literature about co-production has been critiqued for being limited to aspirational concerns, or implying co-production is easily achievable. The current study contributes to existing research through the application of the theoretical framework of co-production and exploring ways its aims were met and not met within a system-level collaboration developing a high-stakes health policy. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION This study has been conducted and written by researchers working from lived experience perspectives, and other researchers working from traditionally mainstream health disciplines, including psychology and medicine. Further, the study is about patient and public involvement in the development of a health policy. Thus it both embodies and is about non-tokenistic collaboration between people with lived experience and other health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Scholz
- School of Medicine and PsychologyThe Australian National UniversityNgunnawal and Ngambri CountryCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia
| | - Flick Grey
- Affiliated along my own idiosyncratic linesWurundjeri CountryMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Joyce Graham
- Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Liaison ServiceCanberra Health ServicesNgunnawal and Ngambri CountryCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia
| | - Imogen Mitchell
- School of Medicine and PsychologyThe Australian National UniversityNgunnawal and Ngambri CountryCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia
- Research and Academic PartnershipsCanberra Health ServicesNgunnawal and Ngambri CountryCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia
| | - Lucy Kirk
- School of Medicine and PsychologyThe Australian National UniversityNgunnawal and Ngambri CountryCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia
| | - Terri Warner
- School of Medicine and PsychologyThe Australian National UniversityNgunnawal and Ngambri CountryCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia
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Lazar SD, Stoenescu AF, Popescu CP, Florescu S, Vancea G, Calistru P. The Interplay of Chronic Hepatitis C and COVID-19: Implications for Prognosis and Treatment. Cureus 2024; 16:e66639. [PMID: 39258096 PMCID: PMC11386413 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.66639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) remains a significant public health concern due to both hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has raised concerns about the outcomes of COVID-19 in CHC patients. Method We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with CHC and SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to a tertiary care hospital between 2020 and 2023. We performed a global analysis of the entire batch of patients and, later, we evaluated the patients according to the severity of the SARS-CoV-2 infection Results The cohort included 89 patients (63 females, 26 males) with a median age of 65 years. Most patients were hospitalized in 2021. Common clinical manifestations included fever, cough, digestive symptoms, and headache. The most frequent comorbidities were renal disease, thyroid disorders, and cancer. Univariate logistic regression analysis identified older age, hospitalization in 2021, and respiratory failure as risk factors for severe COVID-19. Elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels were also associated with an increased risk of severe COVID-19. Regarding CHC, detectable hepatitis C virus viremia was associated with more severe liver disease (p<0.01). Conclusion Patients with CHC and SARS-CoV-2 infection have a substantial risk of severe outcomes. Early identification and management of these patients are crucial to improve their prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan D Lazar
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Dr Victor Babes Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Andreea F Stoenescu
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Dr Victor Babes Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Corneliu Petru Popescu
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Dr Victor Babes Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Simin Florescu
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Dr Victor Babes Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Geta Vancea
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Dr Victor Babes Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Petre Calistru
- Infectious Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
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Pradhevi L, Soegiarto G, Wulandari L, Lusida MA, Saefudin RP, Vincent A. More severe comorbidities, advanced age, and incomplete vaccination increase the risk of COVID-19 mortality. NARRA J 2024; 4:e949. [PMID: 39280314 PMCID: PMC11391969 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i2.949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Numerous studies have stated that comorbidities are risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality, but few have considered the severity or stage of these comorbidities. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the severity of comorbidity, age, and number of COVID-19 vaccinations with COVID-19 mortality. This case-control study was conducted from July 2021 until December 2022 at the Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. The patients were divided into non-survived patients (case group) and survived patients (control group). The inclusion criteria for cases were adult patients hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19, based on reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing of nasopharyngeal swabs. Using total sampling, 1,046 confirmed COVID-19 patients, which consisted of 450 (43%) non-survived patients and 596 (57%) survived patients, were included. The most common comorbidity was diabetes mellitus (DM) (82.7%), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (43%), hypertension (25.7%), and obesity (23.6%). Our multivariate analysis indicated that older age (aOR: 1.03; 95%CI: 1.02-1.04, p<0.001), male sex (aOR: 1.29; 95%CI: 1.11- 2.00, p=0.007), severe COVID-19 at first admission (aOR: 3.13; 95%CI: 2.08-4.73, p<0.001), having pneumonia (aOR: 1.99; 95%CI: 1.21-3.33, p=0.005), poorly controlled DM with HbA1c≥9% (aOR: 2.90; 95%CI: 1.72-4.89, p<0.001), severe obesity with body mass index (BMI)≥30 (OR: 2.90; 95%CI: 1.72-4.89, p<0.001), hypertension stage 2 (aOR: 1.99; 95%CI: 1.12-3.53, p=0.019) or stage 3 (aOR: 6.59; 95%CI: 2.39-18.17, p<0.001), CKD stage 3 (aOR: 2.50; 95%CI: 1.36-4.59, p=0.003), stage 4 (aOR: 5.47; 95%CI: 2.18-13.69, p<0.001) or stage 5 (aOR: 1.71; 95%CI: 1.04-2.81, p=0.036), and having chronic lung disease (aOR: 3.08; 95%CI: 1.22-7.77, p=0.017) significantly increased the risk of COVID-19 mortality. In contrast, COVID-19 vaccination reduced the risk of COVID-19-associated death. This study highlights that more severe comorbidities, advanced age, and incomplete vaccination were associated with COVID-19 mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukita Pradhevi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Gatot Soegiarto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Laksmi Wulandari
- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Michael Ap Lusida
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Rendra P Saefudin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Agustinus Vincent
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Ariawan IMD, Sawitri AAS, Yuliyatni PCD, Widyanthini DN, Sutarsa IN. Community-based COVID-19 vaccination services improve user satisfaction: findings from a large household survey in Bali Province, Indonesia. Aust J Prim Health 2024; 30:PY24014. [PMID: 39213386 DOI: 10.1071/py24014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Understanding community preferences for vaccination services is crucial for improving coverage and satisfaction. There are three main approaches for COVID-19 vaccination in Indonesia: health facility-based, community-based, and outreach approaches. This study aims to assess how the vaccination approaches impact user satisfaction levels. Methods This study was part of a large household survey involving 12,120 respondents across nine districts in Bali Province. The study population comprised all residents aged ≥12years who had received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccination. Samples were selected through three stages of systematic random sampling. Data were collected through interviews using structured questionnaires, which included socio-demographic characteristics, vaccination services, and satisfaction levels. Analysis was performed using Chi Square test and logistic regression, with the entire process incorporating weighting factors. Results A total of 12,120 respondents reported receiving their first dose of COVID-19 vaccination. The satisfaction level among vaccine recipients (partial, complete, and booster doses) was high (84.31%). Satisfaction within each SERVQUAL dimension was highest in tangibles (96.10%), followed by responsiveness (93.25%), empathy (92.48%), assurance (92.35%), and reliability (92.32%). There was no significant difference in the overall SERVQUAL score between the health facility and community-based approaches. However, the latter slightly improved user satisfaction across three dimensions: tangibles (adjusted odds ratio, AOR=1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.21-1.90), reliability (AOR=1.67, 95%CI=1.42-1.96), and assurance (AOR=1.26, 95%CI=1.07-1.48). Conclusion During the pandemic, both health facility and community-based approaches resulted in a high satisfaction level. It is recommended that the government prioritise and optimise community-based programs and health facility-based delivery in future vaccination initiatives, especially during public health emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Made Dwi Ariawan
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - Putu Cintya Denny Yuliyatni
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - Desak Nyoman Widyanthini
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - I Nyoman Sutarsa
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia; and School of Medicine and Psychology, College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Zhang T, Liu H, Tian M, Zhou M, Zhou H, Zhang X, Wang T, Bai M, Xu Y, Yang F, Zhufeng Y, Hao Q, Lian D, Zeng W, Song S, Qi H, Liu Y. Systematic analysis for clinical characteristics and outcomes of IgG4-related disease patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clin Rheumatol 2024; 43:2595-2606. [PMID: 38907850 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-024-07033-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To systematically describe clinical characteristics and investigate factors associated with COVID-19-related infection, hospital admission, and IgG4-related disease relapse in IgG4-RD patients. METHODS Physician-reported IgG4-RD patients were included in this retrospective study. Using multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine factors for primary outcome (COVID-19-related IgG4-RD relapse) and secondary outcome (COVID-19-related infection and hospital admission). Covariates included age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, comorbidities, IgG4-RD clinical features, and treatment strategies. RESULTS Among 649 patients, 530 had a diagnosis of COVID-19, 25 had COVID-19-related hospital admission, and 69 had COVID-19-related IgG4-RD relapse. Independent factors associated with COVID-19 infection were age (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96-1.00), body mass index (1.10, 1.03-1.18), and tofacitinib (0.34, 0.14-0.79). Further analysis indicated that age (1.10, 1.03-1.16), coronary heart disease (24.38, 3.33-178.33), COVID-19-related dyspnea (7.11, 1.85-27.34), pulmonary infection (73.63, 16.22-4615.34), and methotrexate (17.15, 1.93-157.79) were associated with a higher risk of COVID-19-related hospital admission. Importantly, age (0.93, 0.89-0.98), male sex (0.16, 0.03-0.80), ever/current smoking (19.23, 3.78-97.80), COVID-19-related headache (2.98, 1.09-8.17) and psychiatric symptoms (3.12, 1.07-9.10), disease activity before COVID-19 (1.89, 1.02-3.51), number of involved organs (1.38, 1.08-1.76), glucocorticoid dosage (1.08, 1.03-1.13), and methotrexate (5.56, 1.40-22.08) were strong factors for COVID-19-related IgG4-RD relapse. CONCLUSIONS Our data add to evidence that smoking and disease-specific factors (disease activity, number of involved organs, and specific medications) were risk factors of COVID-19-related IgG4-RD relapse. The results highlight the importance of adequate disease control with b/tsDMARDs, preferably without using methotrexate and increasing glucocorticoid dosages in the COVID-19 era. Key Points • COVID-19-related infection or hospital admission were associated with known general factors (age, body mass index, specific comorbidities and methotrexate) among IgG4-RD patients. • Smoking and disease-specific factors (disease activity, number of involved organs and specific medications) were associated with higher odds of COVID-19-related IgG4-RD relapse. • The results highlight the importance of adequate disease control with b/tsDMARDs, preferably without using methotrexate or increasing glucocorticoid dosages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95Th, Yongan Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Huilan Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95Th, Yongan Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Mengxin Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95Th, Yongan Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Mingzhu Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95Th, Yongan Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95Th, Yongan Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95Th, Yongan Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95Th, Yongan Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Mingxin Bai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95Th, Yongan Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yuetong Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95Th, Yongan Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95Th, Yongan Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yunzhi Zhufeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95Th, Yongan Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qiyuan Hao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95Th, Yongan Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Difei Lian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95Th, Yongan Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wenhuan Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95Th, Yongan Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shuju Song
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95Th, Yongan Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Haiyu Qi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95Th, Yongan Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yanying Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95Th, Yongan Road, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Pereira ABN, Pereira FSH, Araújo JÉDL, Brasil RP, Oliveira AMB, Lima SS, Fonseca RRDS, Laurentino RV, Oliveira-Filho AB, Machado LFA. Clinical-Epidemiological Profile of COVID-19 Patients Admitted during Three Waves of the Pandemic in a Tertiary Care Center, in Belém, Pará, Amazon Region of Brazil. Viruses 2024; 16:1233. [PMID: 39205207 PMCID: PMC11359788 DOI: 10.3390/v16081233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease with a broad clinical spectrum, which may result in hospitalization in healthcare units, intensive care, and progression to death. This study aimed to describe and compare the clinical and epidemiological profile of COVID-19 during the three waves of the disease, in patients admitted to a public hospital in the city of Belém, Pará, in the Amazon region of Brazil. METHODS This descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional study was population-based on individuals who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of COVID-19, confirmed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and who were interviewed and monitored at the public hospital, from February 2020 to April 2022. RESULTS The prevalence was male patients, older than 60 years. The most frequent symptoms were dyspnea, cough, and fever. Systemic arterial hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity followed by diabetes mellitus. Less than 15% of patients were vaccinated. The nasal oxygen cannula was the most used oxygen therapy interface followed by the non-rebreathing reservoir mask. Invasive mechanical ventilation predominated and the median time of invasive mechanical ventilation ranged from 2 to 6 days among waves. As for the hospital outcome, transfers prevailed, followed by deaths and discharges. CONCLUSION The presence of comorbidities, advanced age, and male sex were important factors in the severity and need for hospitalization of these patients, and the implementation of the vaccination policy was an essential factor in reducing the number of hospital admissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz Nunes Pereira
- Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil;
- Virology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (S.S.L.); (R.R.d.S.F.); (R.V.L.)
| | - Fernando Sérgio Henriques Pereira
- Belém Health Department, Humberto Maradei Pereira Municipal and Emergency Hospital, Belém 66075-259, PA, Brazil; (F.S.H.P.); (J.É.D.L.A.); (R.P.B.); (A.M.B.O.)
| | - Júlio Éden Davi Lopes Araújo
- Belém Health Department, Humberto Maradei Pereira Municipal and Emergency Hospital, Belém 66075-259, PA, Brazil; (F.S.H.P.); (J.É.D.L.A.); (R.P.B.); (A.M.B.O.)
| | - Rangel Pereira Brasil
- Belém Health Department, Humberto Maradei Pereira Municipal and Emergency Hospital, Belém 66075-259, PA, Brazil; (F.S.H.P.); (J.É.D.L.A.); (R.P.B.); (A.M.B.O.)
| | - Angélica Menezes Bessa Oliveira
- Belém Health Department, Humberto Maradei Pereira Municipal and Emergency Hospital, Belém 66075-259, PA, Brazil; (F.S.H.P.); (J.É.D.L.A.); (R.P.B.); (A.M.B.O.)
| | - Sandra Souza Lima
- Virology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (S.S.L.); (R.R.d.S.F.); (R.V.L.)
| | - Ricardo Roberto de Souza Fonseca
- Virology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (S.S.L.); (R.R.d.S.F.); (R.V.L.)
| | - Rogério Valois Laurentino
- Virology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (S.S.L.); (R.R.d.S.F.); (R.V.L.)
| | - Aldemir Branco Oliveira-Filho
- Study and Research Group on Vulnerable Populations, Institute for Coastal Studies, Federal University of Pará, Bragança 68600-000, PA, Brazil;
| | - Luiz Fernando Almeida Machado
- Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil;
- Virology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (S.S.L.); (R.R.d.S.F.); (R.V.L.)
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Cavdar S, Savas S, Tasbakan S, Sayıner A, Basoglu O, Korkmaz P, Akcicek F. Predictivity of the Prognostic Nutritional Index and Systemic Inflammation Index for All-Cause In-Hospital Mortality in Geriatric and Adult COVID-19 Inpatients. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4466. [PMID: 39124732 PMCID: PMC11313282 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13154466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and the systemic immune inflammation index (SII) have been used as simple risk-stratification predictors for COVID-19 severity and mortality in the general population. However, the associations between these indices and mortality might differ due to age-related changes such as inflammaging and several comorbid conditions in older patients. Therefore, we aimed to compare the predictivity of the PNI and SII for mortality among hospitalized older patients and patients under 65 years old. Methods: Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from March 2020 to December 2020 were retrospectively included. The PNI and SII were calculated from hospital records within the first 48 h after admission. Data were evaluated in the whole group and according to age groups (≥65 < years). Receiver operating characteristic curves were drawn to evaluate the predictivity of the PNI and SII. Results: Out of 407 patients included in this study, 48.4% (n = 197) were older patients, and 51.6% (n = 210) were under 65 years old. For mortality, the area under the curve (AUC) of the PNI and SII in the adult group (<65 years) was 0.706 (95% CI 0.583-0.828) (p = 0.003) and 0.697 (95% CI 0.567-0.827) (p < 0.005), respectively. The AUC of the PNI and SII in the older group was 0.515 (95% CI 0.427-0.604) (p = 0.739) and 0.500 (95% CI 0.411-0.590) (p = 0.993). Conclusions: The accuracy of the PNI and SII in predicting mortality in adult COVID-19 patients seemed to be fair, but no association was found in geriatric patients in this study. The predictivity of the PNI and SII for mortality varies according to age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Cavdar
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, İzmir City Hospital, 35540 İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Sumru Savas
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Ege University Hospital, 35100 İzmir, Türkiye; (S.S.); (F.A.)
| | - Sezai Tasbakan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ege University Hospital, 35100 İzmir, Türkiye; (S.T.); (A.S.); (O.B.)
| | - Abdullah Sayıner
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ege University Hospital, 35100 İzmir, Türkiye; (S.T.); (A.S.); (O.B.)
| | - Ozen Basoglu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ege University Hospital, 35100 İzmir, Türkiye; (S.T.); (A.S.); (O.B.)
| | - Pervin Korkmaz
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medicana İstanbul International Hospital, 34520 İstanbul, Türkiye;
| | - Fehmi Akcicek
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Ege University Hospital, 35100 İzmir, Türkiye; (S.S.); (F.A.)
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Qin XJ, Hu WJ, Xu XJ. Exploring the mechanism of Corbrin capsules in the intervention of AKI-COVID-19 based on network pharmacology combined with GEO dataset. Gene 2024; 916:148438. [PMID: 38579905 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
AIM of the study: This study used network pharmacology and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to investigate the therapeutic effects of Corbrin capsules on acute kidney injury (AKI)-COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). MATERIALS AND METHODS The active constituents and specific molecular targets of Corbrin capsules were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) and Swiss Target Prediction databases. The targets related to AKI and COVID-19 disease were obtained from the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), GeneCards, and GEO databases. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by utilizing Cytoscape. To enhance the analysis of pathways associated with the pathogenesis of AKI-COVID-19, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed. Furthermore, immune infiltration analysis was performed by using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and CIBERSORT. Molecular docking was used to assess interactions between differentially expressed genes and active ingredients. Verification was performed by utilizing GEO databases and in vivo assays. RESULTS This study revealed an overlap of 18 significantly differentially expressed genes between the Corbrin capsules group and the AKI-COVID-19 target group. Analysis of the PPI network identified TP53, JAK2, PIK3CA, PTGS2, KEAP1, and MCL1 as the top six core protein targets with the highest degrees. The results obtained from GO and KEGG analyses demonstrated that the target genes were primarily enriched in the apoptosis and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Moreover, the analysis of immune infiltration revealed a notable disparity in the percentage of quiescent memory CD4 + T cells. Western blot analyses provided compelling evidence suggesting that the dysregulation of 6 core protein targets could be effectively reversed by Corbrin capsules. CONCLUSION This study revealed the key components, targets, and pathways involved in treating AKI-related COVID-19 using Corbrin capsules. This study also provided a new understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Juan Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 117 Meishan Road, Hefei, China, 230031; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, Anhui, China, 230012
| | - Wen-Jie Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 117 Meishan Road, Hefei, China, 230031
| | - Xian-Jin Xu
- Hefei Ion Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China, 230088.
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Monye IN, Oseni TIA, Makinde MT, Adelowo AB, Yahaya-Kongoila S, Njoku-Adeleke MC, Oteju A, Nyirenda S, Elebiyo TO, Dozie IJ, Ugwuegbulem-Amadi CT. Prevalence and perception of pre-morbid lifestyle-related risk factors among covid-19 survivors in Lagos state and Abuja capital city of Nigeria. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1918. [PMID: 39020357 PMCID: PMC11256610 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19502-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study investigated the prevalence and perception of premorbid lifestyle-related risk factors among Covid-19 Survivors in Abuja and Lagos, Nigeria. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional descriptive survey design was used to collect data from 522 consenting adult Covid-19 survivors in Abuja (274) and Lagos (248), Nigeria, using a self-developed, close-ended and validated questionnaire called the Lifestyle-related Factors in Covid-19 Questionnaire (LFC-19 Questionnaire) through a multistage sampling technique. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) with P value set at ≤ 0.05. Ethical approval was obtained for the study. RESULTS A significant number of Covid-19 Survivors were overweight/obese (67.8%) and had a history of physical inactivity (73.8%). A small proportion had premorbid chronic diseases (23.8%) as well as pre-existing lifestyle-related risk factors such as inadequate consumption of fruits (67.2%) and vegetables (60.0%) and physical inactivity (73.8%). CONCLUSION This study revealed that most Covid-19 survivors residing in Lagos State and in Abuja capital city of Nigeria were either overweight or obese. This was due to physical inactivity, an unhealthy diet consisting of low fruit and vegetable consumption and poor sleep. Additionally, the study showed that patients' perceptions of their risk factors were often inaccurate as it differed from what was measured. The findings from this study will assist public health professionals and clinicians in designing and implementing more effective Covid-19 management strategies that incorporate healthy lifestyle practices and lifestyle modifications and assist public health promotion and communication specialists in designing appropriate and evidence-based preventive messages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifeoma N Monye
- Society of Lifestyle Medicine of Nigeria (SOLONg), Lagos, Nigeria
- Brookfield Clinics Centre for Lifestyle Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, National Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Tijani Idris Ahmad Oseni
- Society of Lifestyle Medicine of Nigeria (SOLONg), Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Family Medicine, Edo State University, Edo State University Teaching Hospital, Uzairue, Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Moyosore T Makinde
- Society of Lifestyle Medicine of Nigeria (SOLONg), Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Family Medicine, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Abiodun B Adelowo
- Society of Lifestyle Medicine of Nigeria (SOLONg), Lagos, Nigeria
- Niger Delta Power Holding Company, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Safiya Yahaya-Kongoila
- Society of Lifestyle Medicine of Nigeria (SOLONg), Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Paediatrics, Wuse District Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Aramide Oteju
- Society of Lifestyle Medicine of Nigeria (SOLONg), Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Family Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Samba Nyirenda
- Society of Lifestyle Medicine of Nigeria (SOLONg), Lagos, Nigeria
- Sarai Holistic Care, Francistown, Botswana
| | - Temitayo O Elebiyo
- Society of Lifestyle Medicine of Nigeria (SOLONg), Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Ijeoma Judith Dozie
- Society of Lifestyle Medicine of Nigeria (SOLONg), Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Family Medicine, Federal University Teaching Hospital, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
| | - Chinasa T Ugwuegbulem-Amadi
- Society of Lifestyle Medicine of Nigeria (SOLONg), Lagos, Nigeria
- Ariella Health and Fitness Limited/Queen of Peace Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
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Carreño JM, Wagner AL, Monahan B, Singh G, Floda D, Gonzalez-Reiche AS, Tcheou J, Raskin A, Bielak D, Morris S, Fried M, Yellin T, Sullivan L, Sordillo EM, Gordon A, van Bakel H, Simon V, Krammer F. SARS-CoV-2 serosurvey across multiple waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City between 2020-2023. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5847. [PMID: 38992013 PMCID: PMC11239669 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Sero-monitoring provides context to the epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections and changes in population immunity following vaccine introduction. Here, we describe results of a cross-sectional hospital-based study of anti-spike seroprevalence in New York City (NYC) from February 2020 to July 2022, and a follow-up period from August 2023 to October 2023. Samples from 55,092 individuals, spanning five epidemiological waves were analyzed. Prevalence ratios (PR) were obtained using Poisson regression. Anti-spike antibody levels increased gradually over the first two waves, with a sharp increase during the 3rd wave coinciding with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in NYC resulting in seroprevalence levels >90% by July 2022. Our data provide insights into the dynamic changes in immunity occurring in a large and diverse metropolitan community faced with a new viral pathogen and reflects the patterns of antibody responses as the pandemic transitions into an endemic stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Carreño
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VaRPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abram L Wagner
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Brian Monahan
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VaRPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gagandeep Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VaRPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Floda
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, ISMMS, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Johnstone Tcheou
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VaRPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ariel Raskin
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VaRPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dominika Bielak
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VaRPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sara Morris
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VaRPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miriam Fried
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VaRPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Temima Yellin
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VaRPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leeba Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VaRPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emilia Mia Sordillo
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Aubree Gordon
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Harm van Bakel
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, ISMMS, New York, NY, USA.
- Icahn Genomics Institute, ISMMS, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Artificial Intelligence And Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Viviana Simon
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VaRPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- The Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VaRPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Ignaz Semmelweis Institute, Interuniversity Institute for Infection Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Bauhofer AFL, Miranda E, Ussivane É, Chissaque A, António L, Campos F, Pololo R, Iahaia F, Gatambire A, Ráice F, Djedje M, Salência J, Maholela P, Gonçalves L, Inlamea O, de Deus N. Burden of COVID-19 in the Pediatric Population at Hospital Central de Maputo, Mozambique, October 2020 to October 2022. Viruses 2024; 16:1112. [PMID: 39066275 PMCID: PMC11281548 DOI: 10.3390/v16071112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The epidemiology and characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 in the hospitalized Mozambican pediatric population are scarce. We aimed to assess the burden of COVID-19 in the pediatric population at Hospital Central de Maputo and identify comorbidities and factors associated with death among hospitalized COVID-19 cases. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2020 to October 2022. Available records were retrieved from admission books. Univariate and bivariate analyses were reported to describe the sample characteristics. The frequency of pediatric cases admitted with COVID-19 was 0.6% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.5-0.6; 364/63,753), and the frequency of pediatric cases hospitalized with COVID-19 was 2.5% (95% CI: 2.2-2.9; 173/6807). The monthly frequency of pediatric cases admitted and hospitalized with COVID-19 ranged from 0.1% to 5.4% and from 0.2% to 42.1%, respectively. In children hospitalized with COVID-19, underweight was the most observed comorbidity (17.4%; 19/109); death was observed in 30% (95% CI: 22.2-39.1; 33/110), and it was significantly higher in underweight children than in non-underweight children (61.5% [8/13] vs. 21.3% [16/75]; p-value = 0.005). Given the heightened risk of mortality among undernourished children compared to non-undernourished children, vaccination for COVID-19 should be prioritized for undernourished children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Fernando Loforte Bauhofer
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique (N.d.D.)
- Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Emerson Miranda
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique (N.d.D.)
| | - Édio Ussivane
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique (N.d.D.)
| | - Assucênio Chissaque
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique (N.d.D.)
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luciana António
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique (N.d.D.)
| | - Fernanda Campos
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique (N.d.D.)
| | - Ramígio Pololo
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique (N.d.D.)
| | - Fátima Iahaia
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique (N.d.D.)
| | - Aline Gatambire
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique (N.d.D.)
| | - Fátima Ráice
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique (N.d.D.)
| | - Marlene Djedje
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique (N.d.D.)
| | - Judite Salência
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique (N.d.D.)
| | - Plácida Maholela
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique (N.d.D.)
| | - Luzia Gonçalves
- Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Centro de Estatística e Aplicações, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- Z-Stat4life, Espaço Cowork Baldaya, Palácio Baldaya, Estrada de Benfica N° 701ª, 1549-011 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Osvaldo Inlamea
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique (N.d.D.)
| | - Nilsa de Deus
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique (N.d.D.)
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Av. Julius Nyerere-Campus Universitário, Maputo 257, Mozambique
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Zong M, Zhao A, Han W, Chen Y, Weng T, Li S, Tang L, Wu J. Sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity and the clinical outcome of the older inpatients with COVID-19 infection: a prospective observational study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:578. [PMID: 38965468 PMCID: PMC11223396 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05177-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the impact of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity (SO) on the clinical outcome in older patients with COVID-19 infection and chronic disease. METHODS We prospectively collected data from patients admitted to Huadong Hospital for COVID-19 infection between November 1, 2022, and January 31, 2023. These patients were included from a previously established comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) cohort. We collected information on their pre-admission condition regarding sarcopenia, SO, and malnutrition, as well as their medical treatment. The primary endpoint was the incidence of intubation, while secondary endpoints included in-hospital mortality rates. We then utilized Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival curves and the log-rank tests to compare the clinical outcomes related to intubation or death, assessing the impact of sarcopenia and SO on patient clinical outcomes. RESULTS A total of 113 patients (age 89.6 ± 7.0 years) were included in the study. Among them, 51 patients had sarcopenia and 39 had SO prior to hospitalization. Intubation was required for 6 patients without sarcopenia (9.7%) and for 18 sarcopenia patients (35.3%), with 16 of these being SO patients (41%). Mortality occurred in 2 patients without sarcopenia (3.3%) and in 13 sarcopenia patients (25.5%), of which 11 were SO patients (28%). Upon further analysis, patients with SO exhibited significantly elevated risks for both intubation (Hazard Ratio [HR] 7.43, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.26-43.90, P < 0.001) and mortality (HR 6.54, 95% CI 1.09-39.38, P < 0.001) after adjusting for confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of sarcopenia or SO was high among senior inpatients, and both conditions were found to have a significant negative impact on the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection. Therefore, it is essential to regularly assess and intervene in these conditions at the earliest stage possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zong
- Department of Clinical nutrition, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anda Zhao
- Department of Clinical nutrition, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijia Han
- Department of Clinical nutrition, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqiu Chen
- Department of Clinical nutrition, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingwen Weng
- Department of Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shijie Li
- Department of Clinical nutrition, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixin Tang
- Department of Clinical nutrition, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Department of Clinical nutrition, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Guo W, Li X, Ding C, Dai X, Wu S, Shi Y, Jiang Y, Chang Y, Zhang Z, Liu S, Ma L, Zhang Y, Zhao T, Hu W, Xia J, Shangguan Y, Xu K. Development and validation of a scoring system to predict the mortality of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron: a nationwide, multicentre study. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:312. [PMID: 38961438 PMCID: PMC11223413 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-03131-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Omicron variant broke out in China at the end of 2022, causing a considerable number of severe cases and even deaths. The study aimed to identify risk factors for death in patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection and to establish a scoring system for predicting mortality. METHODS 1817 patients were enrolled at eight hospitals in China from December 2022 to May 2023, including 815 patients in the training group and 1002 patients in the validation group. Forty-six clinical and laboratory features were screened using LASSO regression and multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS In the training set, 730 patients were discharged and 85 patients died. In the validation set, 918 patients were discharged and 84 patients died. LASSO regression identified age, levels of interleukin (IL) -6, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and D-dimer; neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as associated with mortality. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that older age, IL-6, BUN, LDH and D-dimer were significant independent risk factors. Based on these variables, a scoring system was developed with a sensitivity of 83.6% and a specificity of 83.5% in the training group, and a sensitivity of 79.8% and a sensitivity of 83.0% in the validation group. CONCLUSIONS A scoring system based on age, IL-6, BUN, LDH and D-dime can help clinicians identify patients with poor prognosis early.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanru Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiahong Dai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Shulan, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yunzhen Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongjun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, National Health Commission (NHC), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yukun Chang
- Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, National Health Commission (NHC), The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhidan Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shiyang Liu
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Center of Liver Diseases Division 3, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Center of Liver Diseases Division 3, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Wenjuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiafeng Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanwan Shangguan
- Infection Control Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaijin Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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50
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Multani A, Kollipara V, Krage T, Hearn J, Stahl G, Johnson K, Goade S, Beyersdorfer N, Arnce RD. Mortality Rate of COVID-19 With Comorbid Pneumonia in a Rural Area. Cureus 2024; 16:e63780. [PMID: 39099962 PMCID: PMC11297188 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A myriad of risk factors and comorbidities have been determined to influence COVID-19 mortality rates; among these is pneumonia. This study considers pneumonia as a risk factor for increased mortality in patients admitted with COVID-19 in a rural healthcare system. We predicted that the presence of pneumonia of any kind would increase mortality rates in patients admitted with COVID-19. METHODS A retrospective observational study was conducted using data collected from hospitals in the Freeman Health System (FHS) located in Joplin and Neosho, Missouri. Data were collected between April 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021. Using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes, the investigators identified five distinct patient populations: patients with COVID-19 and pneumonia due to COVID-19 (P1); patients with COVID-19 but without pneumonia due to COVID-19 (P2); patients with COVID-19 and any type of pneumonia (P3); patients with COVID-19 but without any type of pneumonia (P4); and patients without COVID-19 and with any type of pneumonia (P5). In order to understand how pneumonia influences COVID-19 outcomes, the investigators used Wald's method and a two-sample proportion summary hypothesis test to determine the confidence interval and to compare the mortality rates between these populations, respectively. RESULTS The population of patients with COVID-19 and any type of pneumonia (P3) and the population of patients with COVID-19 and pneumonia due to COVID-19 (P1) showed the highest mortality rates. The population of patients with COVID-19 but without any type of pneumonia (P4) had the lowest mortality rate. The data revealed that having pneumonia combined with COVID-19 in any patient population led to a higher mortality rate than COVID-19 alone. CONCLUSION Mortality rates were higher among COVID-19 patients with pneumonia compared to COVID-19 patients without pneumonia. Additionally, pneumonia, by itself, was found to have a higher mortality rate compared to COVID-19 alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmol Multani
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Joplin, USA
| | | | - Tess Krage
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Joplin, USA
| | - James Hearn
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Joplin, USA
| | - Greg Stahl
- Clinical Research, Freeman Health System, Joplin, USA
| | - Kerry Johnson
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Joplin, USA
- Mathematics, Missouri Southern State University, Joplin, USA
| | - Scott Goade
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Joplin, USA
- Clinical Research, Freeman Health System, Joplin, USA
| | - Nova Beyersdorfer
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Joplin, USA
| | - Robert D Arnce
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Joplin, USA
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