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Sánchez-Quezada V, Luzardo-Ocampo I, Gaytán-Martínez M, Loarca-Piña G. Physicochemical, nutraceutical, and sensory evaluation of a milk-type plant-based beverage of extruded common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) added with iron. Food Chem 2024; 453:139602. [PMID: 38795433 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Milk-type beverages are popular vegan products requiring iron and calcium fortification to improve their nutritional value, as iron deficiency is the world's most prevalent nutritional problem. This research aimed to develop and characterize an extruded common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)-based milk-type beverage added with bean protein isolate and iron. The formulations included flavors (non-flavored, vanilla, and nut) and two iron concentrations (2 and 3 mg FeSO4/100 mL). Extrusion increased the beverages' protein (+17.38 %) and starch digestibility, and reduced their antinutritional compounds (trypsin inhibitors, condensed tannins, and carbonates). Developed beverages' formulations differed from a commercial soybean beverage in their physicochemical properties but were more nutritious (protein: 3.33-3.44 %; fiber: 3.43-4.08 %). Iron-added beverages displayed a medium sensory acceptance (best overall likeness: 5.3-6.2). The developed beverage is a suitable, sensory-accepted, and nutritious bean-based beverage, suggesting novel research lines improving vegan beverage formulations to increase average daily iron intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Sánchez-Quezada
- Research and Graduate Program in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, 76010 Qro., Qro, Mexico.
| | - Ivan Luzardo-Ocampo
- Research and Graduate Program in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, 76010 Qro., Qro, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, The Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Science, Campus Guadalajara, Av. General Ramon Corona 2514, Zapopan 45201, Mexico.
| | - Marcela Gaytán-Martínez
- Research and Graduate Program in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, 76010 Qro., Qro, Mexico.
| | - Guadalupe Loarca-Piña
- Research and Graduate Program in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, 76010 Qro., Qro, Mexico.
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Ouisselsat M, El Maouaki A, Maidoumi S, François Y, Pineau A, Sedki A. Assessment of Essential and Toxic Element Levels in the Toenails of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04319-w. [PMID: 39042314 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04319-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has become a global public health concern, impacting the quality of life. The question of gene-environment interaction in the emergence of ASD remains a subject of ongoing debate, and exploring its pathophysiology is thoroughly related to metals as a risk factor. Therefore, this study aims to assess the levels of toxic (Al, Cd, Hg, and Pb) and essential (Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Se) elements in toenail samples collected in children with ASD and neurotypical children, by ICP-MS. Parallelly, we will discuss the use of toenails as an exposure indicator. The study involved 208 children aged 3 to 14 from Marrakech, Morocco. One hundred two were diagnosed with ASD and 106 were neurotypical children. Significant statistical differences in the concentration of Cr, Mn, and Fe were documented between the two groups. Higher levels of Pb in toenails compared to reference values have been reported. No association was established between concentrations of elements and age. Spearman correlation coefficients revealed a significantly different pattern of mutual dependence for toxic and essential elements between the two groups. The strongest positive correlations were found in the neurotypical group (Fe-Mn (ρ = 0.750), and Se-Zn (ρ = 0.800)). These results provide additional, although inconclusive, evidence on the probable role of element disturbance in the pathogenesis of ASD. Further studies should be performed to explore other nutritional, cultural, sociodemographic, environmental, and methodological factors that may impact the levels of these elements in the nails and their possible correlation with the incidence of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Ouisselsat
- Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences - Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Bd Moulay Abdellah BP, 2390-40001, Marrakech, Morocco.
| | - Amal El Maouaki
- Laboratory of Clinical, Experimental and Environmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, 274, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Sana Maidoumi
- Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences - Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Bd Moulay Abdellah BP, 2390-40001, Marrakech, Morocco
- Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Rue Abdelouahab Derraq, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Yannick François
- Mineral Element Dosing Centre, UFR of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Nantes, 9, Rue Bias, 44035 - 44000, Nantes Cedex 1, France
| | - Alain Pineau
- Mineral Element Dosing Centre, UFR of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Nantes, 9, Rue Bias, 44035 - 44000, Nantes Cedex 1, France
| | - Azeddine Sedki
- Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences - Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Bd Moulay Abdellah BP, 2390-40001, Marrakech, Morocco
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Bhosale MU, Gujja CS, Asiwal EP, Manjare ST, Pawar SD. Fluorescent MnO 2@DEHP Nanoprobe for Rapid and Selective Detection of Fe(III) ions. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03848-w. [PMID: 39028448 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03848-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Particle extraction via the liquid-liquid interface (PELLI) method has been utilized to produce Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (DEHP) coated MnO2 fluorescent nanoprobe denoted as MnO2@DEHP for the selective detection of Fe3+ ions. The synthesized MnO2@DEHP nanoprobe was characterized by various instrumental techniques such as FT-IR, PXRD, TEM, EDAX, HRTEM, DLS, and XPS. Since the high concentration of Fe3+ in waste water leads to water pollution, which in turn affects the ecosystem, and causes severe health hazards. Therefore, accurate detection of Fe3+ ions in the aqueous systems is essential as they are involved in various chemical and biological processes in living things. Here, the synthesized MnO2@DEHP nanoprobe selectively detects Fe3+ ions in the presence of various metal ions in an aqueous media by fluorescence quenching (turn-off) mechanism. The limit of detection (LOD) of MnO2@DEHP nanoprobe for Fe3+ was found to be 0.49 µM. The test-strip method and real water sample analysis were also used to demonstrate the viability of MnO2@DEHP as a fluorescent nanoprobe to detect Fe3+ ions visually and in environment monitoring applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayura U Bhosale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, 400098, India
| | | | - Ekta P Asiwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, 400098, India
| | - Sudesh T Manjare
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, 400098, India
| | - Suresh D Pawar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, 400098, India.
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Bjørklund G, Oliinyk P, Khavrona O, Lozynska I, Lysiuk R, Darmohray R, Antonyak H, Dub N, Zayachuk V, Antoniv O, Rybak O, Peana M. The Effects of Fisetin and Curcumin on Oxidative Damage Caused by Transition Metals in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04321-2. [PMID: 38970766 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases pose a significant health challenge for the elderly. The escalating presence of toxic metals and chemicals in the environment is a potential contributor to central nervous system dysfunction and the onset of neurodegenerative conditions. Transition metals play a crucial role in various pathophysiological mechanisms associated with prevalent neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Given the ubiquitous exposure to metals from diverse sources in everyday life, the workplace, and the environment, most of the population faces regular contact with different forms of these metals. Disturbances in the levels and homeostasis of certain transition metals are closely linked to the manifestation of neurodegenerative disorders. Oxidative damage further exacerbates the progression of neurological consequences. Presently, there exists no curative therapy for individuals afflicted by neurodegenerative diseases, with treatment approaches primarily focusing on alleviating pathological symptoms. Within the realm of biologically active compounds derived from plants, flavonoids and curcuminoids stand out for their extensively documented antioxidant, antiplatelet, and neuroprotective properties. The utilization of these compounds holds the potential to formulate highly effective therapeutic strategies for managing neurodegenerative diseases. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of abnormal metal levels, particularly copper, iron, and zinc, on the initiation and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, it aims to elucidate the potential of fisetin and curcumin to inhibit or decelerate the neurodegenerative process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Toften 24, 8610, Mo I Rana, Norway.
| | - Petro Oliinyk
- Department of Disaster Medicine and Military Medicine, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Khavrona
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
| | - Iryna Lozynska
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
| | - Roman Lysiuk
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
| | - Roman Darmohray
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
| | - Halyna Antonyak
- Department of Ecology, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, 79005, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Dub
- Andrei Krupynskyi Lviv Medical Academy, Lviv, 79000, Ukraine
| | - Vasyl Zayachuk
- Department of Botany, Ukrainian National Forestry University, Wood Science and Non-Wood Forest Products, Lviv, 79057, Ukraine
| | - Olha Antoniv
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
- Department of Pharmacology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Rybak
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
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Yuran N, Ben-Ami T, Kori M. Severe Unexplained Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children: High Yield of Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Regardless of Gastrointestinal Symptoms. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2024; 46:248-251. [PMID: 38748599 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
In this retrospective study spanning 2016 to 2022, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE) in children under 18 years presenting with severe unexplained iron deficiency anemia (IDA), defined as microcytic anemia of hemoglobin ≤7 g/dL with low ferritin levels. Of 106 children hospitalized for severe anemia, 29 had unexplained IDA (mean hemoglobin level of 6.2 [3.2 to 6.9] gr/dL), and 25 of them underwent UGE. The mean age was 10.7 ± 3.9 years, with 76% being female. Ten children (40%) had gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms at presentation. The cause of IDA was found in 18 (72%) of 25 children who underwent UGE, of whom 12 were without GI symptoms. Gastric nodularity, erosions, or polyps were observed in 68%, and gastritis was evident in 72% based on histopathology. Helicobacter pylori was found in 50% of those with gastritis. Follow-up showed normalized hemoglobin levels in 92% of cases, with only 2 children requiring repeat iron therapy. Our findings underscore the importance of incorporating UGE into the diagnostic investigation of severe unexplained IDA in children, irrespective of the presence of GI symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tal Ben-Ami
- Departments of Pediatrics
- Pediatric Hematology
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot
| | - Michal Kori
- Departments of Pediatrics
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Han SY, Kim YH. Microalbuminuria and Functional Iron Deficiency are Risk Factors for Hearing Loss in Adolescents. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:3329-3334. [PMID: 38314940 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Renal impairment and some systemic diseases are associated with hearing loss (HL) in adults. However, studies of these relationship in adolescents are rare. The objective of this study was to determine the association between HL and renal or systemic disease in adolescents. METHODS Subjects were extracted from the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2011 to 2012. We included adolescents aged 10-19 years old with normal tympanic membrane and those who underwent a physical and laboratory examination and pure tone audiometry. HL, high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL), albuminuria, impaired glomerular filtration rate, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity were evaluated based on the data. RESULTS Individuals with microalbuminruia (MIA) exhibited higher prevalence of HL (p = 0.003) and HFHL (p = 0.012) than those without MIA. The prevalence of HL and HFHL appeared to increase according to the severity of albuminuria. Additionally, individuals with HL or HFHL showed lower transferrin saturation (TSAT) than individuals without HL (p = 0.002) or HFHL (p = 0.001). And, HFHL was associated with lower ferritin levels (p = 0.017). HL and HFHL were related to MIA (p = 0.004 and p = 0.022, respectively) and TSAT (p = 0.005 and p = 0.011, respectively) after controlling other factors. CONCLUSION MIA and TSAT level were independently associated with the HL and HFHL. Since MIA can be easily detected by dipstick test and urine analysis, hearing evaluations for individuals with MIA might be helpful to identify hearing impairments earlier in adolescents. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 (individual cross-sectional study) Laryngoscope, 134:3329-3334, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yoon Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Sahiledengle B, Petrucka P, Desta F, Sintayehu Y, Mesfin T, Mwanri L. Childhood undernutrition mediates the relationship between open defecation with anemia among Ethiopian children: a nationally representative cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1484. [PMID: 38831296 PMCID: PMC11145842 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18931-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor sanitation and/or open defecation are a significant public health problem in Ethiopia, where access to improved sanitation facilities is still limited. There is a growing body of literature about the effect of open defecation on children's linear growth failure. However, very few studies about the effects of open defecation on child anemia exist. In this study, we examine whether childhood undernutrition (i.e. stunting, wasting, and underweight) mediates the relationship between open defecation and childhood anemia in children aged 6-59 months in Ethiopia. METHODS We used pooled Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey data (2005-2016) comprising 21,918 (weighted data) children aged 6-59 months. Anemia was defined as an altitude-adjusted hemoglobin (Hb) level of less than 11 g/deciliter (g/dl) for children under 5 years. Childhood undernutrition was assessed using height-for-age Z-scores (HAZ), weight-for-age Z-scores (WAZ), and weight-for-height Z-scores (WHZ) for stunting, wasting, and underweight respectively. Mediation effects were calculated using the bootstrap and the indirect effect was considered significant when the 95% bootstrap confidence intervals (95% CI) did not contain zero. Moreover, separate multilevel regression analyses were used to explore the statistical association between open defecation and child anemia, after adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Our analysis revealed that nearly half (49.6%) of children aged 6 to 59 months were anemic, 46.8% were stunted, 9.9% were wasted, and 29.5% were underweight. Additionally, 45.1% of children belonged to households that practiced open defecation (OD). Open defecation was associated with anemia (AOR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.18-1.39) and it positively predicted anemia with direct effect of β = 0.233, p < 0.001. Childhood undernutrition showed a partial mediating role in the relationship between OD and anemia. Analyzing the indirect effects, results revealed that child undernutrition significantly mediated the relationship between open defecation and anemia (stunting (βindirect = 0.014, p < 0.001), wasting (βindirect = 0.009, p = 0.002), and underweight (βindirect = 0.012, p < 0.001)). When the mediating role of child undernutrition was accounted for, open defecation had a positive impact on anemia with a total effect of βtotal = 0.285, p < 0.001. CONCLUSION Open defecation showed a significant direct effect on anemia. Child undernutrition remarkably mediated the relationship between OD and anemia that further magnified the effect. This finding has an important programmatic implication calling for strengthened, accelerated and large-scale implementation of strategies to end open defecation and achieve universal access to sanitation in Ethiopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biniyam Sahiledengle
- Department of Public Health, Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital, Bale-Goba, Ethiopia.
| | - Pammla Petrucka
- College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Fikreab Desta
- Department of Public Health, Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital, Bale-Goba, Ethiopia
| | - Yordanos Sintayehu
- Department of Public Health, Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital, Bale-Goba, Ethiopia
| | - Telila Mesfin
- Department of Medicine, Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital, Bale-Goba, Ethiopia
| | - Lillian Mwanri
- Equity and Human Flourishing, Research Centre for Public Health Research, Torrens University Australia, Adelaide Campus, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
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Li M, Chen Z, Yang X, Li W. Causal relationship between iron deficiency anemia and asthma: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1362156. [PMID: 38853780 PMCID: PMC11158623 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1362156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies have suggested an association between iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and asthma, which may affect the occurrence of asthma. However, whether IDA is a new management goal for asthma remains to be determined. Objective We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis to assess the association between IDA and asthma. Methods We performed a two-sample MR study to assess a causal relationship between IDA (ncase = 12,434, ncontrol = 59,827) and asthma (ncase = 20,629, ncontrol = 135,449). Inverse variance weighted (IVW) was used as the primary method for the analyses. Furthermore, we used weighted medians and MR-Egger to enhance robustness. Data linking genetic variation to IDA and asthma were combined to assess the impact of IDA on asthma risk. Results There are five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used as genetic tool variables for exposure factors. Genetically determined IDA was significantly associated with an increased risk of asthma (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.09-1.72, p = 0.007). There was little heterogeneity in the MR studies and no evidence of level pleiotropy was found. Conclusions In our MR study, our findings emphasize that IDA may be associated with a high risk of asthma, indicating a potential role for IDA in the development of asthma. Future research needs to elucidate its potential mechanisms to pave the way for the prevention and treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xin Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanwei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Morandini HAE, Watson PA, Barbaro P, Rao P. Brain iron concentration in childhood ADHD: A systematic review of neuroimaging studies. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 173:200-209. [PMID: 38547742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Iron deficiency may play a role in the pathophysiology of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Due to its preponderant function in monoamine catecholamine and myelin synthesis, brain iron concentration may be of primary interest in the investigation of iron dysregulation in ADHD. This study reviewed current evidence of brain iron abnormalities in children and adolescents with ADHD using magnetic resonance imaging methods, such as relaxometry and quantitative susceptibility mapping, to assess brain iron estimates. The study was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A literature search was performed for studies published between January 1, 2008 and July 7, 2023 in Medline, Scopus and Proquest. Regions of interest, brain iron index values and phenotypical information were extracted from the relevant studies. Risk of bias was assessed using a modified version of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute quality assessment tool. Seven cross-sectional studies comparing brain iron estimates in children with ADHD with neurotypical children were included. Significantly reduced brain iron content in medication-naïve children with ADHD was a consistent finding. Two studies found psychostimulant use may increase and normalize brain iron concentration in children with ADHD. The findings were consistent across the studies despite differing methodologies and may lay the early foundation for the recognition of a potential biomarker in ADHD, although longitudinal prospective neuroimaging studies using larger sample sizes are required. Lastly, the effects of iron supplementation on brain iron concentration in children with ADHD need to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo A E Morandini
- Complex Attention and Hyperactivity Disorders Service, Child and Adolescent Health Services, Perth, WA, Australia; Division of Psychiatry, UWA Medical School, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Prue A Watson
- Complex Attention and Hyperactivity Disorders Service, Child and Adolescent Health Services, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Parma Barbaro
- Complex Attention and Hyperactivity Disorders Service, Child and Adolescent Health Services, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Pradeep Rao
- Complex Attention and Hyperactivity Disorders Service, Child and Adolescent Health Services, Perth, WA, Australia; Division of Psychiatry, UWA Medical School, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
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Levi S, Ripamonti M, Moro AS, Cozzi A. Iron imbalance in neurodegeneration. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:1139-1152. [PMID: 38212377 PMCID: PMC11176077 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02399-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for the development and functionality of the brain, and anomalies in its distribution and concentration in brain tissue have been found to be associated with the most frequent neurodegenerative diseases. When magnetic resonance techniques allowed iron quantification in vivo, it was confirmed that the alteration of brain iron homeostasis is a common feature of many neurodegenerative diseases. However, whether iron is the main actor in the neurodegenerative process, or its alteration is a consequence of the degenerative process is still an open question. Because the different iron-related pathogenic mechanisms are specific for distinctive diseases, identifying the molecular mechanisms common to the various pathologies could represent a way to clarify this complex topic. Indeed, both iron overload and iron deficiency have profound consequences on cellular functioning, and both contribute to neuronal death processes in different manners, such as promoting oxidative damage, a loss of membrane integrity, a loss of proteostasis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In this review, with the attempt to elucidate the consequences of iron dyshomeostasis for brain health, we summarize the main pathological molecular mechanisms that couple iron and neuronal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Levi
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy.
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.
| | | | - Andrea Stefano Moro
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Sigmund Freud University, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Cozzi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
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Osei Bonsu E, Addo IY, Boadi C, Boadu EF, Okeke SR. Determinants of iron-rich food deficiency among children under 5 years in sub-Saharan Africa: a comprehensive analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e079856. [PMID: 38458798 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency is a major public health problem that affects the physical and cognitive development of children under 5 years of age (under-5 children) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, the factors associated with the limited consumption of iron-rich foods in the region are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE This study examined the prevalence and determinants of iron-rich food deficiency among under-5 children in 26 SSA countries. DESIGN This nationally representative quantitative study employed pooled data from Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 2010 and 2019. METHODS Representative samples comprising 296 850 under-5 children from the various countries were used. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine the associations between the lack of iron-rich food uptake and various sociodemographic factors. RESULT The overall prevalence of iron-rich food deficiency among the children in the entire sample was 56.75%. The prevalence of iron-rich food deficiency varied widely across the 26 countries, ranging from 42.76% in Congo Democratic Republic to 77.50% in Guinea. Maternal education, particularly primary education (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.68) and higher education (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.64), demonstrated a reduced likelihood of iron-rich food deficiency in the sample. Likewise, paternal education, with both primary education (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.75) and higher education (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.73) showed decreased odds of iron-rich food deficiency. Postnatal visits contributed significantly to reducing the odds of iron-rich food deficiency (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.95), along with antenatal visits, which also had a positive impact (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.74 to 0.95). Finally, residents in rural areas showed slightly higher odds of iron-rich food deficiency (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.28). CONCLUSION Based on the findings, interventions targeting iron-food deficiency in the SSA region should take into strong consideration the key determinants highlighted in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Osei Bonsu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Caleb Boadi
- Department of Operations and Management Information Systems, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
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Let S, Tiwari S, Singh A, Chakrabarty M. Prevalence and determinants of anaemia among women of reproductive age in Aspirational Districts of India: an analysis of NFHS 4 and NFHS 5 data. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:437. [PMID: 38347505 PMCID: PMC10860231 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17789-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over one-third of women worldwide suffer from anaemia. The prevalence of anaemia is particularly pronounced among women of reproductive age (WRA) in developing countries, such as India. No prior study has ever exclusively studied the prevalence of anaemia across the Aspirational Districts of India. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of anaemia across Aspirational Districts of India and to identify the determinants of anaemia among WRA in these districts. METHODS From the National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-4 (2015-16) and NFHS-5 (2019-21), data on 114,444 and 108,782 women aged 15-49 from Aspirational Districts were analyzed in our study, respectively. Bivariate statistics and multivariable binary logistic regression were used to identify the determinants of anaemia. RESULTS The national prevalence of anaemia among WRA has increased from 53% in NFHS-4 to 57% in NFHS-5 whereas anaemia among WRA in Aspirational Districts has increased from 58.7% in NFHS-4 to 61.1% in NFHS-5. Between 2015 and 2021, over 60% of Aspirational Districts experienced an increase in the prevalence of anaemia and one-fourth, specifically 29 out of 112, observed a rise by at least 10 percentage points (pp). Notably, there are significant variations in anaemia prevalence among districts, with Simdega and Udalgiri having the highest anaemia prevalence in NFHS-4 and NFHS-5 at 78.2% and 81.5%, respectively. During this period, Barpeta followed by Udalgiri of Assam have witnessed the maximum increase with 29.4% and 26.7% respectively. Moreover, pooled regression results show women with three to four children [AOR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.08-1.17], women who breastfeed [AOR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.13-1.20], Scheduled Tribe women [AOR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.35-1.44], poorest women [AOR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.22-1.33] and women those who consume fish occasionally [AOR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.12-1.17] were more likely to be anaemic. CONCLUSION The significant increase in anaemia among WRA in Aspirational Districts of India is a matter of concern. Given the rise in anaemia among WRA, determinants-based and district-specific measures must be designed and implemented to reduce the prevalence of anaemia among Aspirational Districts of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhojit Let
- Department of Geography, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Seema Tiwari
- Geography Section, Mahila Maha Vidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aditya Singh
- Department of Geography, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
- Girl Innovation, Research, and Learning (GIRL) Center, Population Council, New York, NY, United States of America.
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MokhtarKalimi E, Loripoor M, Rezaeian M, Gholamrezapour M. The effect of iron supplementation on menstrual bleeding volume and hemoglobin level during menstrual bleeding : A randomized clinical trial. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2024; 13:19. [PMID: 38532920 PMCID: PMC10965019 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1871_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many women around the world avoid taking iron supplements during their menstrual bleeding, thinking that menstrual bleeding will increase after taking these supplements. Due to the lack of relevant scientific evidence in this regard, this study was performed to determine the effect of iron supplementation on menstrual blood volume and hemoglobin level during menstrual bleeding. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this three-blind randomized clinical trial, 160 non-anemic female students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences were selected through a public call and then they were randomly assigned to two intervention and control groups. The intervention group was given a ferrous sulfate tablet containsing 50 mg of elemental iron daily in the first four days of bleeding for three consecutive menstrual cycles, and the control group received a placebo simultaneously. Before and after the intervention, the level of hemoglobin was measured and the Higham chart was completed in each menstrual cycle by the participants of the two groups. The obtained data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 21 and Chi-square, independent t-test, paired t-test, analysis of variance with repeated measures, and nonparametric tests. RESULTS Before performing the intervention, the mean Higham score and hemoglobin level of the two groups were not statistically significant (P = 0.307, P = 0.670). The mean Higham score after each intervention was not statistically significant between the two groups over time or when considering the interaction of the time group (P = 0.77, P = 0.916). The hemoglobin level of these two groups did not change significantly after the intervention compared with that before the intervention (P = 0.444). CONCLUSION Compared with a placebo, taking iron supplements containing 50 mg of elemental iron during the first four days of menstrual bleeding in non-anemic women did not change the volume of menstrual bleeding and hemoglobin level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz MokhtarKalimi
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Marzeyeh Loripoor
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Geriatric Care Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rezaeian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Occupational Environment Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - MohammadReza Gholamrezapour
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ali Ibn Abitaleb Educational and Treatment Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Chokor FAZ, Hwalla N, Naja F, Nasreddine L. Food sources of fiber and micronutrients of concern among infants and young children in Lebanon: a national cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:57. [PMID: 38243229 PMCID: PMC10797939 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04535-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intakes of fiber, iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin D, vitamin A, and folate were shown to be low in a substantial proportion of infants and children in Lebanon. The study aims to identify the top food sources of fiber, iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin D, vitamin A, and folate amongst infants and young children in Lebanon and to evaluate the evolution of food sources of these nutrients from the beginning of the complementary feeding journey up until the age of 47.9 months. METHODS A national cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2012 as part of the "Early Life Nutrition and Health in Lebanon" project using stratified cluster sampling. Dietary intakes for infants and young children aged 6-47.9 months (n = 763) were assessed using 24- Hour Dietary Recall. Food items were categorized into food groups and the percent contribution of each food group to nutrient intakes was determined to identify the top food sources of fiber and selected micronutrients for three age groups: 6-11.9 m (infants), 12-23.9 m (toddlers), and 24-47.9 m (preschoolers). RESULTS The top food source of fiber was vegetables among children aged 6-47.9 months. Among infants and toddlers, infant/young child formula was the main contributor to iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin D, vitamin A, and folate intakes. Baby cereals also contributed to around 14% of iron intakes among infants. Among preschoolers, meat and fish contributed to 13% of iron intakes and 29% of zinc intakes, while cow's milk was the major contributor of calcium (41%), vitamin D (81%) and vitamin A (25%) intakes. Sweetened beverages and sweet bakery were also ranked among the major food sources contributing to substantial intakes of key nutrients, including fiber, iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin A, and folate among infants, toddlers, and preschoolers. CONCLUSIONS In addition to milk sources, vegetables, beans and legumes, breads, meats, and rice and pasta, sweet bakery and sweetened beverages have contributed to intakes of key nutrients from early ages. This calls for implementing initiatives and designing approaches to support nutrition education and improve nutrient intakes in infancy and early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Al Zahraa Chokor
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Nahla Hwalla
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Farah Naja
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lara Nasreddine
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon
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Lin P, Zhang Q, Sun J, Li Q, Li D, Zhu M, Fu X, Zhao L, Wang M, Lou X, Chen Q, Liang K, Zhu Y, Qu C, Li Z, Ma P, Wang R, Liu H, Dong K, Guo X, Cheng X, Sun Y, Sun J. A comparison between children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders and healthy controls in biomedical factors, trace elements, and microbiota biomarkers: a meta-analysis. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1318637. [PMID: 38283894 PMCID: PMC10813399 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1318637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a multifaceted developmental condition that commonly appears during early childhood. The etiology of ASD remains multifactorial and not yet fully understood. The identification of biomarkers may provide insights into the underlying mechanisms and pathophysiology of the disorder. The present study aimed to explore the causes of ASD by investigating the key biomedical markers, trace elements, and microbiota factors between children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and control subjects. Methods Medline, PubMed, ProQuest, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and EMBSCO databases have been searched for publications from 2012 to 2023 with no language restrictions using the population, intervention, control, and outcome (PICO) approach. Keywords including "autism spectrum disorder," "oxytocin," "GABA," "Serotonin," "CRP," "IL-6," "Fe," "Zn," "Cu," and "gut microbiota" were used for the search. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist was used to assess the article quality, and a random model was used to assess the mean difference and standardized difference between ASD and the control group in all biomedical markers, trace elements, and microbiota factors. Results From 76,217 records, 43 studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled analyses showed that children with ASD had significantly lower levels of oxytocin (mean differences, MD = -45.691, 95% confidence interval, CI: -61.667, -29.717), iron (MD = -3.203, 95% CI: -4.891, -1.514), and zinc (MD = -6.707, 95% CI: -12.691, -0.722), lower relative abundance of Bifidobacterium (MD = -1.321, 95% CI: -2.403, -0.238) and Parabacteroides (MD = -0.081, 95% CI: -0.148, -0.013), higher levels of c-reactive protein, CRP (MD = 0.401, 95% CI: 0.036, 0.772), and GABA (MD = 0.115, 95% CI: 0.045, 0.186), and higher relative abundance of Bacteroides (MD = 1.386, 95% CI: 0.717, 2.055) and Clostridium (MD = 0.281, 95% CI: 0.035, 0.526) when compared with controls. The results of the overall analyses were stable after performing the sensitivity analyses. Additionally, no substantial publication bias was observed among the studies. Interpretation Children with ASD have significantly higher levels of CRP and GABA, lower levels of oxytocin, iron, and zinc, lower relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and Parabacteroides, and higher relative abundance of Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, and Clostridium when compared with controls. These results suggest that these indicators may be a potential biomarker panel for the diagnosis or determining therapeutic targets of ASD. Furthermore, large, sample-based, and randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Lin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Technology in Medical Diagnostics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Calibra Diagnostics, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junyu Sun
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Qingtian Li
- College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomei Fu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxia Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kangyi Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxin Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Caiwei Qu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peijun Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Renyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huafen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Digital Technology in Medical Diagnostics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Calibra Diagnostics, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Dong
- Institute for Global Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaokui Guo
- Institute for Global Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xunjia Cheng
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Institute of Arthritis Research, Shanghai Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute for Integrated Intelligence and Systems, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia
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Long D, Mao C, Liu Y, Zhou T, Xu Y, Zhu Y. Evolving trends and burden of iron deficiency among children, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1275291. [PMID: 38130442 PMCID: PMC10734639 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1275291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives We aimed to provide a timely, comprehensive, and reliable assessment of the burden of iron deficiency (ID) in children between 1990 and 2019 at the global, regional, and national levels to inform policymakers in developing locally appropriate health policies. Methods Data related to ID among children younger than 15 years old were analyzed by sex, age, year, socio-demographic index (SDI), and location according to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019). Age-standardized rates were used to compare the burden between different regions and countries. Furthermore, the Joinpoint regression model was used to assess temporal trends from 1990 to 2019. Results In 2019, the number of prevalent cases and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for ID in children were 391,491,699 and 13,620,231, respectively. The global age-standardized prevalence and DALY rates for childhood ID in 2019 were 20,146.35 (95% confidence interval: 19,407.85 to 20,888.54) and 698.90 (466.54 to 1015.31) per 100,000, respectively. Over the past 30 years, the global prevalence of ID among children has been highest in low-SDI regions, particularly in Western Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa. Since 1990, the prevalence and DALY of ID in children have been declining in most geographic regions. Nationally, Ecuador, China, and Chile have shown the most significant decreases in prevalence. The greatest decline in age-standardized DALY rate was observed in Ecuador, while Burkina Faso experienced the highest increase. Bhutan had the highest prevalence and DALY rates in 2019. On the age level, the prevalence was relatively higher among the <5 years age group. At the gender dimension, the prevalence of ID in children overall was more pronounced in girls than in boys, as was the case for DALY. Conclusion Although the burden of ID in children has been declining, this disease remains a major public health problem, especially in countries with low SDI. Children younger than 5 years of age are an important group for whom targeted measures are needed to reduce the burden of ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Long
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chenhan Mao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaxuan Liu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yin Xu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Kranjčec I, Matijašić Stjepović N, Buljan D, Ružman L, Malić Tudor K, Jović Arambašić M, Pavlović M, Rajačić N, Lovrinović Grozdanić K, Brković T, Šantić K, Roganović J. Management of Childhood Iron Deficiency Anemia in a Developed Country-A Multi-Center Experience from Croatia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3607. [PMID: 38132191 PMCID: PMC10742559 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13243607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) continues to be a global public health concern, mostly in the developing countries. However, precise epidemiological data on childhood IDA in Croatia are lacking. In order to establish its frequency, underlying etiologies, the rationale for tertiary care visits, diagnostic practices, and current treatment regimens of IDA, medical records of children referred to pediatric hematologists for iron deficiency in a five-year period at tertiary institutions (Zagreb, Rijeka, Split, Osijek) throughout Croatia were retrospectively analyzed. Eight hundred and sixty-four children, predominately of preschool age, were referred mainly by the primary care pediatricians, who, in general, performed basic diagnostics but failed to initiate oral iron therapy in half of the patients. Approximately one-third of patients were symptomatic, with inadequate nutrition prevailing as underlying etiology. Dextriferron was the preferred iron formulation among hematologists, with a median dose of 5 mg/kg, with acceptable compliance rates (63.5-93.2%). Hospital admission rates varied among the centers (9.4-35%), and so did transfusion policies (6.4-22.9%). The greatest difference was observed in the frequency of parenteral iron administration (0.3-21.5%). In conclusion, the burden of childhood IDA, even in a high-income country, remains substantial, necessitating consistent implementation of national guidelines and additional education of primary health care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Kranjčec
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Children’s Hospital Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.M.S.); (D.B.); (M.P.); (N.R.)
| | - Nuša Matijašić Stjepović
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Children’s Hospital Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.M.S.); (D.B.); (M.P.); (N.R.)
| | - Domagoj Buljan
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Children’s Hospital Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.M.S.); (D.B.); (M.P.); (N.R.)
| | - Lucija Ružman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (L.R.); (K.L.G.); (J.R.)
| | - Karolina Malić Tudor
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (K.M.T.); (T.B.)
| | | | - Maja Pavlović
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Children’s Hospital Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.M.S.); (D.B.); (M.P.); (N.R.)
| | - Nada Rajačić
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Children’s Hospital Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.M.S.); (D.B.); (M.P.); (N.R.)
| | - Kristina Lovrinović Grozdanić
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (L.R.); (K.L.G.); (J.R.)
| | - Tomislava Brković
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (K.M.T.); (T.B.)
| | - Krešimir Šantić
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (M.J.A.); (K.Š.)
| | - Jelena Roganović
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (L.R.); (K.L.G.); (J.R.)
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Önal S, Sachadyn-Król M, Kostecka M. A Review of the Nutritional Approach and the Role of Dietary Components in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Light of the Latest Scientific Research. Nutrients 2023; 15:4852. [PMID: 38068711 PMCID: PMC10708497 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects several areas of mental development. The onset of ASD occurs in the first few years of life, usually before the age of 3 years. Proper nutrition is important to ensure that an individual's nutrient and energy requirements are met, and it can also have a moderating effect on the progression of the disorder. A systematic database search was conducted as a narrative review to determine whether nutrition and specific diets can potentially alter gastrointestinal symptoms and neurobehavioral disorders. Databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), and Google Scholar were searched to find studies published between 2000 and September 2023 on the relationship between ASD, dietary approaches, and the role of dietary components. The review may indicate that despite extensive research into dietary interventions, there is a general lack of conclusive scientific data about the effect of therapeutic diets on ASD; therefore, no definitive recommendation can be made for any specific nutritional therapy as a standard treatment for ASD. An individualized dietary approach and the dietician's role in the therapeutic team are very important elements of every therapy. Parents and caregivers should work with nutrition specialists, such as registered dietitians or healthcare providers, to design meal plans for autistic individuals, especially those who would like to implement an elimination diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Önal
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Health Sciences Institute, Ankara University, 06110 Ankara, Turkey;
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fırat University, 23200 Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Monika Sachadyn-Król
- Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Kostecka
- Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
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Lorenzo-Mora AM, López-Sobaler AM, Bermejo LM, González-Rodríguez LG, Cuadrado-Soto E, Peral-Suárez Á, Salas-González MD, Delgado-Losada ML, Rodríguez-Rojo IC, Barabash A, Maestú-Unturbe F, Aparicio A. Association between Mineral Intake and Cognition Evaluated by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4505. [PMID: 37960158 PMCID: PMC10648921 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mineral intake may protect against cognitive impairment (CI) and all-cause dementia, which affects a large number of adults worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between mineral intake and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), which is a sensitive and specific test. METHODS In total, 201 adults were included in a cross-sectional study. They completed a three-day dietary record to estimate their average daily intake of minerals. Contributions to dietary reference intakes (DRIs) were also calculated. The participants were divided into tertiles according to their mineral intake. CI classifications were determined via the MoCA (score < 26). Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping was carried out, and the patients' anthropometric measurements and physical activity, health and personal data were collected. RESULTS The prevalence of CI in this selective sample was 54.2% (34.3% females and 19.9% males). In women, being in the third tertiles of iron and manganese intake was associated with lower odds of having CI (OR [95% CI]: 0.32 [0.11 ± 0.93]; 0.33 [0.12 ± 0.93], p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed for any of the nutrients studied in men. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that a low mineral intake, especially low iron and manganese intake in women, is associated with a worse cognition as assessed by MoCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Lorenzo-Mora
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.L.-M.); (A.M.L.-S.); (L.M.B.); (E.C.-S.); (Á.P.-S.); (M.D.S.-G.); (A.A.)
| | - Ana M. López-Sobaler
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.L.-M.); (A.M.L.-S.); (L.M.B.); (E.C.-S.); (Á.P.-S.); (M.D.S.-G.); (A.A.)
- VALORNUT Research Group, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Laura M. Bermejo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.L.-M.); (A.M.L.-S.); (L.M.B.); (E.C.-S.); (Á.P.-S.); (M.D.S.-G.); (A.A.)
- VALORNUT Research Group, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Liliana G. González-Rodríguez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.L.-M.); (A.M.L.-S.); (L.M.B.); (E.C.-S.); (Á.P.-S.); (M.D.S.-G.); (A.A.)
- VALORNUT Research Group, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Esther Cuadrado-Soto
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.L.-M.); (A.M.L.-S.); (L.M.B.); (E.C.-S.); (Á.P.-S.); (M.D.S.-G.); (A.A.)
- VALORNUT Research Group, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - África Peral-Suárez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.L.-M.); (A.M.L.-S.); (L.M.B.); (E.C.-S.); (Á.P.-S.); (M.D.S.-G.); (A.A.)
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - María Dolores Salas-González
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.L.-M.); (A.M.L.-S.); (L.M.B.); (E.C.-S.); (Á.P.-S.); (M.D.S.-G.); (A.A.)
- VALORNUT Research Group, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María Luisa Delgado-Losada
- VALORNUT Research Group, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada C. Rodríguez-Rojo
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Barabash
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Maestú-Unturbe
- San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Aránzazu Aparicio
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.L.-M.); (A.M.L.-S.); (L.M.B.); (E.C.-S.); (Á.P.-S.); (M.D.S.-G.); (A.A.)
- VALORNUT Research Group, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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Wang XM, Wang QY, Huang J. Anemia status of infants and young children aged six to thirty-six months in Ma'anshan City: A retrospective study. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:6744-6753. [PMID: 37901006 PMCID: PMC10600847 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i28.6744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anemia in infants and young children can have long-term effects on cognitive and physical development. In Ma'anshan City, China, there has been growing concern about the prevalence of anemia among children aged 6 to 36 mo. Understanding the factors influencing this condition is crucial for targeted interventions and improving overall child health in the region. AIM To analyze the anemia status and influencing factors of infants and young children aged 6 to 36 mo in Ma'anshan City, China. Providing scientific evidence for reducing the incidence of anemia and improving the health level of children in this age group. METHODS The study encompassed 37698 infants and young children, aged from 6 to 36 mo, who underwent health examinations at the Ma'anshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2018 to October 2022 were included in the study. Basic information, physical examination, and hemoglobin detection data were collected. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the prevalence of anemia in children in the region, and univariate analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of anemia. RESULTS The mean hemoglobin level of infants and young children aged 9 to 36 mo increased with age, and the anemia detection rate decreased with age. The anemia detection rate in rural infants aged 6, 9, and 12 mo was higher than that in urban infants. Although the anemia detection rate was higher in 6-mo-old boys than girls, it was higher in 24-mo-old girls than boys. There were statistically significant differences in the anemia detection rates among 9-mo-old and 12-mo-old infants with different nutritional statuses (emaciation, overweight, obese, and normal). Moreover, there were no statistically significant differences in anemia detection rates among infants and young children with different nutritional statuses at other ages. Besides, the anemia detection rates in obese infants aged 9 and 12 mo were higher than those in normal and overweight infants, with statistically significant differences. Finally, there were no statistically significant differences in the anemia detection rates between emaciation infants and those with other nutritional statuses. CONCLUSION The anemia situation among infants and young children aged 6 to 36 mo in Ma'anshan City, China, is relatively prominent and influenced by various factors. Our result shown that attention should be paid to the anemic infant and young child population, with strengthened education and targeted prevention and dietary guidance to help them establish good living habits, improve nutritional status, and reduce the occurrence of anemia to improve children's health levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Mei Wang
- Department of Pediatric, Ma’anshan Maternal and Child Health Center, Ma’anshan 243011, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qiong-Yao Wang
- Department of Pediatric, Ma’anshan Maternal and Child Health Center, Ma’anshan 243011, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
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21
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Korczowski B, Farrell C, Falone M, Blackman N, Rodgers T. Safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose in children with iron deficiency anemia. Pediatr Res 2023; 94:1547-1554. [PMID: 37208431 PMCID: PMC10589089 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02644-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency is the primary cause of anemia in children. Intravenous (IV) iron formulations circumvent malabsorption and rapidly restore hemoglobin. METHODS This Phase 2, non-randomized, multicenter study characterized the safety profile and determined appropriate dosing of ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) in children with iron deficiency anemia. Patients aged 1-17 years with hemoglobin <11 g/dL and transferrin saturation <20% received single IV doses of undiluted FCM 7.5 mg/kg (n = 16) or 15 mg/kg (n = 19). RESULTS The most common drug-related treatment-emergent adverse event was urticaria (in three recipients of FCM 15 mg/kg). Systemic exposure to iron increased in a dose-proportional manner with approximate doubling of mean baseline-corrected maximum serum iron concentration (157 µg/mL with FCM 7.5 mg/kg; and 310 µg/mL with FCM 15 mg/kg) and area under the serum concentration-time curve (1901 and 4851 h·µg/mL, respectively). Baseline hemoglobin was 9.2 and 9.5 g/dL in the FCM 7.5 and 15 mg/kg groups, respectively, with mean maximum changes in hemoglobin of 2.2 and 3.0 g/dL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, FCM was well tolerated by pediatric patients. Improvements in hemoglobin were greater with the higher dose, supporting use of the FCM 15 mg/kg dose in pediatric patients (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02410213). IMPACT This study provided information on the pharmacokinetics and safety of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose for treatment of iron deficiency anemia in children and adolescents. In children aged 1-17 years with iron deficiency anemia, single intravenous doses of ferric carboxymaltose 7.5 or 15 mg/kg increased systemic exposure to iron in a dose-proportional manner, with clinically meaningful increases in hemoglobin. The most common drug-related treatment-emergent adverse event was urticaria. The findings suggest that iron deficiency anemia in children can be corrected with a single intravenous dose of ferric carboxymaltose and support use of a 15 mg/kg dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Korczowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland.
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22
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Chronister BN, Yang K, Yang AR, Lin T, Tu XM, Lopez-Paredes D, Checkoway H, Suarez-Torres J, Gahagan S, Martinez D, Barr D, Moore RC, Suarez-Lopez JR. Urinary Glyphosate, 2,4-D and DEET Biomarkers in Relation to Neurobehavioral Performance in Ecuadorian Adolescents in the ESPINA Cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:107007. [PMID: 37819080 PMCID: PMC10566341 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbicides are the most used class of pesticides worldwide, and insect repellents are widely used globally. Yet, there is a dearth of studies characterizing the associations between these chemical groups and human neurobehavior. Experimental studies suggest that glyphosate and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) herbicides can affect neurobehavior and the cholinergic and glutamatergic pathways in the brain. We aim to assess whether herbicides and insect repellents are associated with neurobehavioral performance in adolescents. METHODS We assessed 519 participants (11-17 years of age) living in agricultural communities in Ecuador. We quantified urinary concentrations of glyphosate, 2,4-D, and two N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) insect repellent metabolites [3-(diethylcarbamoyl)benzoic acid (DCBA) and 3-(ethylcarbamoyl)benzoic acid (ECBA)] using isotope-dilution mass spectrometry. We assessed neurobehavioral performance using 9 subtests across 5 domains (attention/inhibitory control, memory/learning, language, visuospatial processing, and social perception). We characterized the associations using generalized estimating equations and multiple imputation for metabolites below detection limits. Models were adjusted for demographic and anthropometric characteristics, urinary creatinine, and sexual maturation. Mediation by salivary cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone, 17 β -estradiol , and testosterone was assessed using structural equation modeling. RESULTS The mean of each neurobehavioral domain score was between 7.0 and 8.7 [standard deviation (SD) range: 2.0-2.3]. Glyphosate was detected in 98.3% of participants, 2,4-D in 66.2%, DCBA in 63.3%, and ECBA in 33.4%. 2,4-D was negatively associated with all neurobehavioral domains, but statistically significant associations were observed with attention/inhibition [score difference per 50% higher metabolite concentration ( β ) = - 0.19 95% confidence interval (CI): - 0.31 , - 0.07 ], language [β = - 0.12 (95% CI: - 0.23 , - 0.01 )], and memory/learning [β = - 0.11 (95% CI: - 0.22 , 0.01)]. Glyphosate had a statistically significant negative association only with social perception [β = - 0.08 (95% CI: - 0.14 , - 0.01 )]. DEET metabolites were not associated with neurobehavioral performance. Mediation by gender and adrenal hormones was not observed. CONCLUSION This study describes worse neurobehavioral performance associated with herbicide exposures in adolescents, particularly with 2,4-D. Replication of these findings among other pediatric and adult populations is needed. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11383.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana N.C. Chronister
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Kun Yang
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Audrey R. Yang
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Tuo Lin
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Xin M. Tu
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Harvey Checkoway
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Sheila Gahagan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Dana Barr
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Raeanne C. Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jose R. Suarez-Lopez
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
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23
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Reid B, East P, Blanco E, Doom J, Burrows R, Correa-Burrows P, Lozoff B, Gahagan S. Early-life adversity is associated with poor iron status in infancy. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:1856-1867. [PMID: 35678178 PMCID: PMC9732147 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422000517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to early-life adversity (ELA) and iron deficiency early in life are known risk factors for suboptimal brain and socioemotional development. Iron deficiency may arise from and co-occur with ELA, which could negatively affect development. In the present study, we investigated whether ELA is associated with iron deficiency in infants receiving no iron supplementation. This study is a secondary analysis of extant data collected in the 1990s; participants were healthy infants from working-class communities in Santiago, Chile (N = 534, 45.5% female). We measured stressful life events, maternal depression, and low home support for child development during infancy and assessed iron status when the infant was 12 months old. Slightly more than half of the infants were iron-deficient (51%), and 25.8% were iron-deficient anemic at 12 months. Results indicated that ELA was associated with lower iron levels and iron deficiency at 12 months. The findings are consistent with animal and human prenatal models of stress and iron status and provide evidence of the association between postnatal ELA and iron status in humans. The findings also highlight a nutritional pathway by which ELA may impact development and present a nutritionally-focused avenue for future research on ELA and psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- B.M. Reid
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI
- Center for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - P. East
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego
| | - E. Blanco
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
| | - J.R. Doom
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver
| | - R.A. Burrows
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - P. Correa-Burrows
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - B. Lozoff
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - S Gahagan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego
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Semagn BE, Gebreegziabher ZA, Abebaw WA. Iron-rich food consumption and associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in Sierra Leone: multi-level logistic regression analysis. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1793. [PMID: 37715168 PMCID: PMC10503148 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16737-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency is the most common micronutrient deficiency worldwide. Also, iron deficiency is a significant public health problem in low- and middle-income countries. Thus, this study aimed to assess iron-rich food consumption and associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in Sierra Leone. METHOD This study is a cross-sectional study based on data from the Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey dataset with a total weighted sample of 2622 children aged 6-23 months. Data cleaning, coding, and labeling were done using STATA version 14 software. A multilevel logistic regression model was employed to identify associated factors. RESULT Almost half (53.38%) of children aged between 6-23 months consumed iron-rich foods. The odds of iron rich food consumption were high among children in the age group of 12-17 months (AOR = 4.81, 95% CI: 3.67, 6.31) and 18-23 months (AOR = 9.3, 95% CI: 6.55, 13.2), and who fed minimum acceptable diet (AOR = 22.5, 95% CI: 11.65, 43.46). Moreover, a child from a mother who had work (AOR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.08, 2.06), and with a mother who had more than four ANC visits during her pregnancy of the most recent live birth (AOR = 1.87; 95%CI: 1.36-2.55) had higher odds of iron-rich food consumption compared to their counterparts. On the other hand, children who were breastfeeding (AOR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.53, 0.97), and mothers aged 15-19 (AOR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.85) decreased the odds of iron rich food consumption. CONCLUSION Consumption of iron-rich food is low among children aged 6-23 months in Sierra Leone. Iron-rich food consumption among children was significantly associated with maternal occupation, child's age, child's breastfeeding status, taking drugs for intestinal parasites, minimum acceptable diet, frequency, and timing of ANC, and region. Thus, special emphasis should be given to those children aged between 6-11 months, currently breastfeeding, children who did not get the minimum acceptable diet, and children from women who did not have work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birhan Ewunu Semagn
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Asrat Woldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
| | - Zenebe Abebe Gebreegziabher
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Asrat Woldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Wondwosen Abey Abebaw
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
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Arcot A, Xing X, Gao X, Font SA, Murray-Kolb LE. Iron status, development, and behavior in young children in the Pennsylvania foster care system. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289951. [PMID: 37590213 PMCID: PMC10434919 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children in foster care are classified as a highly vulnerable population and struggle with both physical and mental health problems. Medical conditions, like poor nutritional status, remain understudied in children in foster care. To our knowledge, few studies in children in U.S. foster care have quantified the prevalence of anemia, and no studies have examined the association between anemia status and relevant developmental and behavioral outcomes. OBJECTIVE/AIMS (1) To determine the prevalence of anemia among children in or adopted from Pennsylvania foster care, between the ages of six months to ten years and (2) To examine if a child's anemia status is associated with greater odds of relevant developmental and behavioral diagnoses. METHODS We conducted a secondary data analysis utilizing the Medicaid Analytic eXtract database between 2010-2015. Children six months-ten years were included in the analysis if they were in or had been adopted from Pennsylvania foster care. Logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals for the association between iron status and health outcomes. RESULTS A total of 50,311 children were included in our sample, of which 1,365 children (2.7%) were diagnosed with anemia. Children diagnosed with anemia had greater odds of delayed milestones (AOR: 2.38 [1.64-3.45]), specific delays in development (AOR: 1.59 [1.23-2.07]), adjustment disorder (AOR: 1.59 [1.06-2.39]), and irritability (AOR: 10.57 [3.36-33.25]), than children not diagnosed with anemia. CONCLUSION The prevalence of anemia among children between six months-ten years in or adopted from the Pennsylvania foster care system is within the national rate of U.S. childhood anemia. Odds of several relevant developmental and behavioral diagnoses were greater among children diagnosed with anemia than children who were not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Arcot
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Xueyi Xing
- Evidence-to-Impact Collaborative, Social Science Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sarah A. Font
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Laura E. Murray-Kolb
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
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Wemakor A, Kwaako M, Abdul-Rahman A. Nutritional, health and socio-demographic determinants of anaemia in adolescent girls in Kumbungu District, Ghana. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:90. [PMID: 37480139 PMCID: PMC10362769 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-023-00749-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaemia is a serious health problem among adolescent girls in Ghana. The aims of this study were to measure the prevalence and identify the nutritional, health, and socio-demographic determinants of anaemia in adolescent girls in Kumbungu District, Northern Region, Ghana. METHOD An analytical cross-sectional study involving 370 adolescent girls residing in Kumbungu district, selected using multi-stage sampling procedure, was conducted. A semi-structured questionnaire, 24-hr dietary recall, food frequency questionnaire, Food Insecurity Experience scale, and anthropometry were used to gather information on socio-demographic characteristics, nutrition knowledge, dietary diversity score, food consumption score, food consumption frequency, household food insecurity, and waist and hip circumferences. Haemoglobin was measured using a portable HemoCue hg 301 + Analyzer. Anaemia in the adolescent girls was defined as haemoglobin concentration less than 12 g/dl. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to identify the determinants of anaemia. RESULTS The mean (± SD) age was 13.95 (± 2.94) years, and the majority of the girls were in school (79.5%) and lived in a rural area (81.1%). The mean (± SD) haemoglobin was 11.27 (± 1.19) g/dl, and 74.6% of the respondents had anaemia, with 1.6% having severe anaemia. The health determinant of anaemia was frequency of feeling nervous in the past 6 months [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 2.12: 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.17-3.89; p: 0.014], and the socio-demographic determinants were residential community status (AOR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.24-0.75; p: 0.003), and fathers' educational qualification (AOR: 2.57, 95% CI: 1.17-5.65, p: 0.019). No nutritional determinants of anaemia were identified for this study population. CONCLUSION The prevalence of anaemia was very high and the frequency of feeling nervous in the past 6 months, residential community status, and fathers' educational qualification were associated with anaemia among adolescent girls in Kumbungu district, Ghana. The prevalence of anaemia measured highlights the need for intensification of anaemia prevention and management interventions in the district.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Wemakor
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Tamale, Ghana.
| | - Matilda Kwaako
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Adinan Abdul-Rahman
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Tamale, Ghana
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Ouisselsat M, Maidoumi S, Elmaouaki A, Lekouch N, Pineau A, Sedki A. Hair Trace Elements and Mineral Content in Moroccan Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Case-Control Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:2701-2710. [PMID: 35896886 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03365-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) around the world continues to increase while the pathophysiology remains insufficiently elucidated. Genetics, environment, and epigenetic changes are often implicated. Abnormal level in trace elements and minerals is among environmental factors assumed to be involved. The purpose of this article is to assess hair concentrations of toxic and essential elements in children with ASD and children with neurotypical development in the city of Marrakech. Two hundred and twenty-seven children (107 with ASD and 120 controls) aged 3 to 14 years old were recruited. The results of analysis by ICP-MS showed a significant decrease in hair levels of copper, zinc, iron, and selenium (25%, 13%, 17%, 11%) of children with ASD. The most significantly reduced concentrations in children with ASD are that of manganese by 34%. Hair aluminum level was significantly elevated by 29% in ASD compared to controls. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that copper, selenium, and iron content in hair were significantly inversely associated with ASD, similarly, hair aluminum content was significantly associated with ASD. Adjusted model for demographic parameters increased the predictive ability of the model, father's age was a significant predictor. In addition, ASD and gender were significant predictors of hair levels of aluminum, selenium, and manganese.These results support the hypothesis of the disparity of trace elements and minerals levels in children with ASD and highlight the potential interest of micronutrient supplementation in the eventual improvement of ASD symptoms. Future research should explore the pathophysiology of these micronutrient deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Ouisselsat
- Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences - Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Bd Moulay Abdellah BP, 2390-40001, Marrakech, Morocco.
| | - Sana Maidoumi
- Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences - Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Bd Moulay Abdellah BP, 2390-40001, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Amal Elmaouaki
- Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences - Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Bd Moulay Abdellah BP, 2390-40001, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Nadra Lekouch
- Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences - Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Bd Moulay Abdellah BP, 2390-40001, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Alain Pineau
- Mineral Element Dosing Centre, UFR of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Nantes, 9, rue Bias, 44035 - 44000, Nantes Cedex 1, France
| | - Azeddine Sedki
- Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences - Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Bd Moulay Abdellah BP, 2390-40001, Marrakech, Morocco
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Charlebois E, Pantopoulos K. Nutritional Aspects of Iron in Health and Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112441. [PMID: 37299408 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary iron assimilation is critical for health and essential to prevent iron-deficient states and related comorbidities, such as anemia. The bioavailability of iron is generally low, while its absorption and metabolism are tightly controlled to satisfy metabolic needs and prevent toxicity of excessive iron accumulation. Iron entry into the bloodstream is limited by hepcidin, the iron regulatory hormone. Hepcidin deficiency due to loss-of-function mutations in upstream gene regulators causes hereditary hemochromatosis, an endocrine disorder of iron overload characterized by chronic hyperabsorption of dietary iron, with deleterious clinical complications if untreated. The impact of high dietary iron intake and elevated body iron stores in the general population is not well understood. Herein, we summarize epidemiological data suggesting that a high intake of heme iron, which is abundant in meat products, poses a risk factor for metabolic syndrome pathologies, cardiovascular diseases, and some cancers. We discuss the clinical relevance and potential limitations of data from cohort studies, as well as the need to establish causality and elucidate molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Charlebois
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Kostas Pantopoulos
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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Lapidot Y, Maya M, Reshef L, Cohen D, Ornoy A, Gophna U, Muhsen K. Relationships of the gut microbiome with cognitive development among healthy school-age children. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1198792. [PMID: 37274812 PMCID: PMC10235814 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1198792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The gut microbiome might play a role in neurodevelopment, however, evidence remains elusive. We aimed to examine the relationship between the intestinal microbiome and cognitive development of school-age children. Methods This cross-sectional study included healthy Israeli Arab children from different socioeconomic status (SES). The microbiome was characterized in fecal samples by implementing 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Cognitive function was measured using Stanford-Binet test, yielding full-scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) score. Sociodemographics and anthropometric and hemoglobin measurements were obtained. Multivariate models were implemented to assess adjusted associations between the gut microbiome and FSIQ score, while controlling for age, sex, SES, physical growth, and hemoglobin levels. Results Overall, 165 children (41.2% females) aged 6-9 years were enrolled. SES score was strongly related to both FSIQ score and the gut microbiome. Measures of α-diversity were significantly associated with FSIQ score, demonstrating a more diverse, even, and rich microbiome with increased FSIQ score. Significant differences in fecal bacterial composition were found; FSIQ score explained the highest variance in bacterial β-diversity, followed by SES score. Several taxonomic differences were significantly associated with FSIQ score, including Prevotella, Dialister, Sutterella, Ruminococcus callidus, and Bacteroides uniformis. Conclusions We demonstrated significant independent associations between the gut microbiome and cognitive development in school-age children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelena Lapidot
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Maayan Maya
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Leah Reshef
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dani Cohen
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Asher Ornoy
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Uri Gophna
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Khitam Muhsen
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Schiavi A, Salveridou E, Brinkmann V, Shaik A, Menzel R, Kalyanasundaram S, Nygård S, Nilsen H, Ventura N. Mitochondria hormesis delays aging and associated diseases in Caenorhabditis elegans impacting on key ferroptosis players. iScience 2023; 26:106448. [PMID: 37020951 PMCID: PMC10067770 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive iron accumulation or deficiency leads to a variety of pathologies in humans and developmental arrest in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Instead, sub-lethal iron depletion extends C. elegans lifespan. Hypoxia preconditioning protects against severe hypoxia-induced neuromuscular damage across species but it has low feasible application. In this study, we assessed the potential beneficial effects of genetic and chemical interventions acting via mild iron instead of oxygen depletion. We show that limiting iron availability in C. elegans through frataxin silencing or the iron chelator bipyridine, similar to hypoxia preconditioning, protects against hypoxia-, age-, and proteotoxicity-induced neuromuscular deficits. Mechanistically, our data suggest that the beneficial effects elicited by frataxin silencing are in part mediated by counteracting ferroptosis, a form of non-apoptotic cell death mediated by iron-induced lipid peroxidation. This is achieved by impacting on different key ferroptosis players and likely via gpx-independent redox systems. We thus point to ferroptosis inhibition as a novel potential strategy to promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Schiavi
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eva Salveridou
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vanessa Brinkmann
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anjumara Shaik
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Sumana Kalyanasundaram
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ståle Nygård
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Institute for Medical Informatics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hilde Nilsen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Natascia Ventura
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Fiani D, Engler S, Fields S, Calarge CA. Iron Deficiency in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Internalizing and Externalizing Disorders, and Movement Disorders. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 2023; 32:451-467. [PMID: 37147046 DOI: 10.1016/j.chc.2022.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews the role of iron in brain development and function, with a focus on the association between iron deficiency (ID) and neuropsychiatric conditions. First, we describe how ID is defined and diagnosed. Second, the role of iron in brain development and function is summarized. Third, we review current findings implicating ID in a number of neuropsychiatric conditions in children and adolescents, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and other disruptive behavior disorders, depressive and anxiety disorders, autism spectrum disorder, movement disorders, and other situations relevant to mental health providers. Last, we discuss the impact of psychotropic medication on iron homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Fiani
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 8080 N Stadium Dr. Ste 180.35, Houston, TX 77054, USA. https://twitter.com/dimitrifiani
| | - Solangia Engler
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Sherecce Fields
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Chadi Albert Calarge
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 8080 N Stadium Dr. Ste 180.35, Houston, TX 77054, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Avenue, Ste 790, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Frndak S, Yu G, Oulhote Y, Queirolo EI, Barg G, Vahter M, Mañay N, Peregalli F, Olson JR, Ahmed Z, Kordas K. Reducing the complexity of high-dimensional environmental data: An analytical framework using LASSO with considerations of confounding for statistical inference. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 249:114116. [PMID: 36805184 PMCID: PMC10977870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Frameworks for selecting exposures in high-dimensional environmental datasets, while considering confounding, are lacking. We present a two-step approach for exposure selection with subsequent confounder adjustment for statistical inference. METHODS We measured cognitive ability in 338 children using the Woodcock-Muñoz General Intellectual Ability (GIA) score, and potential associated features across several environmental domains. Initially, 111 variables theoretically associated with GIA score were introduced into a Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) in a 50% feature selection subsample. Effect estimates for selected features were subsequently modeled in linear regressions in a 50% inference (hold out) subsample, first adjusting for sex and age and later for covariates selected via directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). All models were adjusted for clustering by school. RESULTS Of the 15 LASSO selected variables, eleven were not associated with GIA score following our inference modeling approach. Four variables were associated with GIA scores, including: serum ferritin adjusted for inflammation (inversely), mother's IQ (positively), father's education (positively), and hours per day the child works on homework (positively). Serum ferritin was not in the expected direction. CONCLUSIONS Our two-step approach moves high-dimensional feature selection a step further by incorporating DAG-based confounder adjustment for statistical inference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth Frndak
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health: University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, USA.
| | - Guan Yu
- Department of Biostatistics: University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Youssef Oulhote
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA
| | - Elena I Queirolo
- Department of Neuroscience and Learning, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Gabriel Barg
- Department of Neuroscience and Learning, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Marie Vahter
- Department of Environmental Medicine: Karolinska Institute, Sweden
| | - Nelly Mañay
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Republic of Uruguay (UDELAR), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fabiana Peregalli
- Department of Neuroscience and Learning, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - James R Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health: University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, USA
| | - Zia Ahmed
- Research and Education in eNergy, Environment and Water (RENEW) Institute University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, USA
| | - Katarzyna Kordas
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health: University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, USA
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Khalil MKN, Abd Razak MA, Tahir FA, Sahril N, Shahein NA, Rezali MS, Adnan MAA, Liew SH, Ab Wahab N, Shamsuddin N, Kassim MSA. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anaemia among Orang Asli Children in Malaysia: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061493. [PMID: 36986223 PMCID: PMC10053598 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaemia continues to be a global public health burden affecting all age groups, particularly children. Indigenous people, including the Orang Asli (OA) population in Malaysia, are at risk of anaemia due to the vast disparities in social determinants of health in their population compared to the non-indigenous population. OBJECTIVES This review aimed to identify the prevalence and risk factors of anaemia among OA children in Malaysia and analyse the knowledge gaps. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Google Scholar databases. This review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. RESULTS This review identified six studies involving the participation of OA children from eight subtribes residing in Peninsular Malaysia. The overall prevalence of anaemia among OA children ranged from 21.6 to 80.0%, with iron deficiency anaemia prevalence at 34.0%. The risk factors of anaemia among OA children reported from one study in this review were being younger than ten years old children (AOR 2.11 (95% CI 1.23, 3.63)) and moderate to heavy Ascaris infections (AOR 2.05 (95% CI 1.12, 3.76)). There was no data from OA children from certain age groups and subtribes. Additionally, there is a paucity of data on risk factors for anaemia among OA children from the currently available evidence. CONCLUSION The prevalence of anaemia among OA children poses a moderate to severe public health concern. Therefore, more comprehensive studies in the future are needed to address the gaps identified in this review, primarily regarding anaemia risk factors. This data would encourage policymakers in devising effective national prevention strategies to improve morbidity and mortality among OA children in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamad Aznuddin Abd Razak
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Fatin Athirah Tahir
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Norhafizah Sahril
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Nik Adilah Shahein
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Solihin Rezali
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Azri Adam Adnan
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Siaw Hun Liew
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Nor'ain Ab Wahab
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Norliza Shamsuddin
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shaiful Azlan Kassim
- Centre for Family Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
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Mou J, Zhou H, Feng Z, Huang S, Wang Z, Zhang C, Wang Y. A Case-Control Study of the Factors Associated with Anemia in Chinese Children Aged 3-7 years Old. Anemia 2023; 2023:8316658. [PMID: 36993943 PMCID: PMC10042633 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8316658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Anemia in children is still an important public problem in China and can have a profound impact on the physical and mental health of children. The purpose of this study was to explore the risk factors for anemia among Chinese children aged 3-7 years old and to provide some basis for the prevention and control of anemia. Methods A matched case-control study was conducted and 1104 children (552 cases and 552 controls) were recruited in this study. Cases were children who were diagnosed with anemia by the doctor of physical examination and checked by one deputy chief physician of pediatrics, and controls were healthy children without anemia. Data were collected using a self-designed structured questionnaire. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to identify independent determinants of anemia. P values less than 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance. Results In the multivariable analyses, maternal anemia before or during pregnancy and lactation (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.10∼4.15; OR = 2.86, 95% CI: 1.66∼4.94; OR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.13∼5.60), gestational weeks (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.53∼0.96), having G6PD deficiency or thalassemia (OR = 8.12, 95% CI: 2.00∼33.04; OR = 36.25, 95% CI: 10.40∼126.43), having cold and cough in previous two weeks (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.04∼2.34), family income (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65∼0.97), and being a picky eater (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.20∼2.71) were determinants of anemia in children aged 3-7 years old. Conclusions Some of the identified factors are modifiable and could be targeted to reduce childhood anemia. More emphasis should be given by the concerned bodies to intervene in the anemia problem by improving the maternal health education, screening for disease-related anemia, requesting medical services in a timely manner, improving the economic status of households, promoting dietary habits, and improving sanitation and hygiene practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Mou
- Pingshan District Maternal & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen, Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haishan Zhou
- Pingshan District Maternal & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen, Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhangui Feng
- Pingshan District Maternal & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen, Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shiya Huang
- Pingshan District Maternal & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen, Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Pingshan District Maternal & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen, Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chaoyu Zhang
- Pingshan District Maternal & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen, Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yudong Wang
- Pingshan District Maternal & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen, Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
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Murtaza SF, Lee LJ, Usaini NN, Gan WY, Sulaiman N. Factors Associated With Anemia Among Orang Asli Children Aged Two to Six Years in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Cureus 2023; 15:e35511. [PMID: 37007386 PMCID: PMC10050992 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Anemia is a global public health problem that needs urgent attention, especially in early childhood. Young children living in remote indigenous communities are vulnerable to anemia. This study aimed to determine factors associated with anemia among children of the Orang Asli (OA) community, aged two to six years old. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 269 OA children, together with their biological non-pregnant mothers. Their mothers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to gather information on sociodemographic characteristics, sanitation facility and personal hygiene, food security, and dietary diversity. Anthropometric and biochemical assessments were measured using standard protocols. Results One in five of the OA children was anemic (21.2%) and had a low birth weight (20.4%). About 27.7% of the children were underweight, 35.2 % were stunted, 6.1% were wasted, and 5.7% were overweight. One-third of them (35.0%) had parasitic infections and almost all were food-insecure (96.3%). As for the mothers, more than one-third of them were anemic (39.0%), 58.9% had abdominal obesity, and 61.8% were overweight and obese. Parasitic infections (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.49, 95%CI=1.23-5.06), not wearing shoes outside the house (AOR=2.95, 95%CI=1.39-6.27), and mothers with anemia (AOR=2.62, 95%CI=1.30-5.28) were associated with increased risk of anemia among OA children. Conclusion Preventing maternal anemia and strengthening knowledge on sanitation and hygiene could be incorporated into nutrition intervention programs to address anemia issues among OA children.
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Tena-Morraja P, Riqué-Pujol G, Müller-Sánchez C, Reina M, Martínez-Estrada OM, Soriano FX. Synaptic Activity Regulates Mitochondrial Iron Metabolism to Enhance Neuronal Bioenergetics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24020922. [PMID: 36674431 PMCID: PMC9864932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic activity is the main energy-consuming process in the central nervous system. We are beginning to understand how energy is supplied and used during synaptic activity by neurons. However, the long-term metabolic adaptations associated with a previous episode of synaptic activity are not well understood. Herein, we show that an episode of synaptic activity increases mitochondrial bioenergetics beyond the duration of the synaptic activity by transcriptionally inducing the expression of iron metabolism genes with the consequent enhancement of cellular and mitochondrial iron uptake. Iron is a necessary component of the electron transport chain complexes, and its chelation or knockdown of mitochondrial iron transporter Mfrn1 blocks the activity-mediated bioenergetics boost. We found that Mfrn1 expression is regulated by the well-known regulator of synaptic plasticity CREB, suggesting the coordinated expression of synaptic plasticity programs with those required to meet the associated increase in energetic demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Tena-Morraja
- Celltec-UB, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències (UBNeuro), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillem Riqué-Pujol
- Celltec-UB, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències (UBNeuro), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Müller-Sánchez
- Celltec-UB, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Reina
- Celltec-UB, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ofelia M. Martínez-Estrada
- Celltec-UB, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc X. Soriano
- Celltec-UB, Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències (UBNeuro), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Nogueira-de-Almeida CA, Prozorovscaia D, Mosquera EMB, Ued FDV, Campos VC. Low bioavailability of dietary iron among Brazilian children: Study in a representative sample from the Northeast, Southeast, and South regions. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1122363. [PMID: 36891331 PMCID: PMC9987336 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1122363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite all efforts, iron deficiency anemia remains a serious public health problem among Brazilian children. Objective To evaluate dietary iron intake and dietary practices that interfere with the absorption of this nutrient from three regions of Brazil. Methods Brazil Kids Nutrition and Health Study is a cross-sectional dietary intake study in children aged 4-13.9 years old designed to investigate nutrient intakes and gaps of Brazilian children in a representative sample of households from Northeast, Southeast and South regions. Nutrient intake was assessed based on multiple-pass 24-h dietary recall and U.S. National Cancer Institute method was used to estimate usual micronutrients intakes and compliance with Dietary Reference Intakes. Results Five hundred sixteen individuals participated in the study (52.3% male). The top three most consumed food sources of iron were products of plant origin. Food sources of animal origin contributed with <20% of the total iron intake. Vitamin C intake was adequate, but the concomitant consumption of food sources of vitamin C with plant food sources of iron was not common. On the other hand, the concomitant intake of plant food sources of iron with food sources of iron chelators (e.g., coffee and teas) was frequent. Conclusions Adequate iron intake was observed in all three regions in Brazil. Children's diet showed low iron bioavailability and insufficient consumption of food sources of iron absorption stimulants. Frequent presence of iron chelators and inhibitors of iron absorption might help to explain the high prevalence of iron deficiency in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elaine M Bento Mosquera
- Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Medical, Scientific and Regulatory Affairs - Nestlé Nutrition/Nestlé Brazil Ltda, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio da Veiga Ued
- FMRP - Nutrition Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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38
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Decreased basal ganglia and thalamic iron in early psychotic spectrum disorders are associated with increased psychotic and schizotypal symptoms. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:5144-5153. [PMID: 36071113 PMCID: PMC9772130 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01740-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficits have been reported as a risk factor for psychotic spectrum disorders (PSD). However, examinations of brain iron in PSD remain limited. The current study employed quantitative MRI to examine iron content in several iron-rich subcortical structures in 49 young adult individuals with PSD (15 schizophrenia, 17 schizoaffective disorder, and 17 bipolar disorder with psychotic features) compared with 35 age-matched healthy controls (HC). A parametric approach based on a two-pool magnetization transfer model was applied to estimate longitudinal relaxation rate (R1), which reflects both iron and myelin, and macromolecular proton fraction (MPF), which is specific to myelin. To describe iron content, a synthetic effective transverse relaxation rate (R2*) was modeled using a linear fitting of R1 and MPF. PSD patients compared to HC showed significantly reduced R1 and synthetic R2* across examined regions including the pallidum, ventral diencephalon, thalamus, and putamen areas. This finding was primarily driven by decreases in the subgroup with schizophrenia, followed by schizoaffective disorder. No significant group differences were noted for MPF between PSD and HC while for regional volume, significant reductions in patients were only observed in bilateral caudate, suggesting that R1 and synthetic R2* reductions in schizophrenia and schizoaffective patients likely reflect iron deficits that either occur independently or precede structural and myelin changes. Subcortical R1 and synthetic R2* were also found to be inversely related to positive symptoms within the PSD group and to schizotypal traits across the whole sample. These findings that decreased iron in subcortical regions are associated with PSD risk and symptomatology suggest that brain iron deficiencies may play a role in PSD pathology and warrant further study.
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Saavedra JM, Prentice AM. Nutrition in school-age children: a rationale for revisiting priorities. Nutr Rev 2022:6811793. [PMID: 36346900 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Middle childhood and early adolescence have received disproportionately low levels of scientific attention relative to other life stages, especially as related to nutrition and health. This is partly due to the justified emphasis on the first 1000 days of life, and the idea that early deficits and consequences may not be fully reversible. In addition, these stages of life may superficially appear less "eventful" than infancy or late adolescence. Finally, there has been historical ambiguity and inconsistency in terminology, depending on whether viewing "childhood" through physiologic, social, legal, or other lenses. Nevertheless, this age bracket, which encompasses most of the primary education and basic schooling years for most individuals, is marked by significant changes, inflection points, and sexually driven divergence in somatic and brain growth and development trajectories. These constitute transformative changes, and thus middle childhood and early adolescence represents a major and last opportunity to influence long-term health and productivity. This review highlights the specificities of growth and development in school age, with a focus on middle childhood and early adolescence (5 years-15 years of age, for the purposes of this review), the role of nutrition, the short- and long-term consequences of inadequate nutrition, and the current global status of nutrition in this age group. Adequate attention and emphasis on nutrition in the school-age years is critical: (a) for maintaining an adequate course of somatic and cognitive development, (b) for taking advantage of this last major opportunity to correct deficits of undernutrition and "catch-up" to normal life course development, and (c) for addressing the nutritional inadequacies and mitigating the longer-term consequences of overnutrition. This review summarizes and provides a rationale for prioritizing nutrition in school-age children, and for the need to revisit priorities and focus on this part of the life cycle to maximize individuals' potential and their contribution to society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Saavedra
- with the Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Andrew M Prentice
- is with the MRC Unit, The Gambia and MRC International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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40
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Ringoringo HP. Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Reference Range of Complete Blood Count, Reticulocyte Parameters in Infants Aged 9-11 Months. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:8017-8024. [PMID: 36348977 PMCID: PMC9637362 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s383055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is still a major global health problem. Determination of reference ranges for complete blood count (CBC), reticulocyte hemoglobin content (Ret-He), immature reticulocyte fraction (IRF), and reticulocyte production index (RPI) are essential to help diagnose a disease. PURPOSE The study aims to know the prevalence of IDA, risk factors that influence it, and set a reference range for CBC and reticulocyte parameters in infants aged 9-11 months in Indonesia. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study was conducted prospectively at 10 Community Health Centers in Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, Indonesia, from August 2020 to August 2021. RESULTS This study recruited 100 healthy infants (47% boys, 53% girls) aged 9-11 months. The prevalence of IDA was 32%. There is no association between IDA prevalence with the mother's education and occupation, maternal parity, family income, and infant nutritional status (p > 0.05). The reference range for hemoglobin (Hb) at P2.5-P97.5, P3-P97, P5-P95 and mean ± 2SD was 11.06 to 14.34 g/dL, 11.10 to 14.31 g/dL, 11.13 to 13.90 g/dL and 10.57 to 13.65 g/dL, respectively. This study also defined the reference ranges for reticulocyte parameters. CONCLUSION The reference range of CBC, Ret-He, IRF, and RPI for healthy infants aged 9-11 months in this study can be used as a benchmark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harapan Parlindungan Ringoringo
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University – RSD Idaman Banjarbaru, Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, Indonesia,Correspondence: Harapan Parlindungan Ringoringo, Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University – RSD Idaman Banjarbaru, Jalan Citra Megah Raya III No. 14 RT 007/RW 002, Kelurahan Loktabat Utara, Kecamatan Banjarbaru Utara, Banjarbaru, Kalimantan Selatan, 70712, Indonesia, Tel +6282130877777, Email
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41
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Zha M, Li X, Li R, Huang J, Fan J, Zhang J, Wang Y, Zhang C. Overexpression of Nicotianamine Synthase ( AtNAS1) Increases Iron Accumulation in the Tuber of Potato. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2741. [PMID: 36297765 PMCID: PMC9607507 DOI: 10.3390/plants11202741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) deficiency is a global health problem, especially in underdeveloped countries. Biofortification with genetic engineering methods has been used to improve Fe nutrition in a number of crops. Various steps, e.g., uptake, distribution, and storage, involved in Fe homeostasis have been manipulated to increase the Fe concentration in the edible portions of plants. Nicotianamine (NA) is an important metal ion chelator in plants. It promotes the mobility of Fe and decreases cellular Fe toxicity. Increasing the Fe content in crops by promoting NA synthesis could help decrease human diseases associated with Fe deficiency. In the present study, Arabidopsis thaliana nicotianamine synthase 1 (AtNAS1) was overexpressed in potato (Solanum tuberosum, St) under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Transgenic plants had a significantly increased amount of Fe in tubers (52.7 µg/g dry weight, 2.4-fold the amount in wild-type tubers), while no differences in plant phenotype or yield were detected between transgenic and wild-type plants. The expression of genes involved in root mineral uptake and homeostasis, such as StYSL1, StIRT1, StFRO1, and StNAS, was also altered in the roots and leaves of the transgenic plants. Our results demonstrate that the manipulation of Fe chelation is a useful strategy for Fe nutrition improvement, and the increased Fe accumulation in tubers of transgenic potato plants is most likely caused by the increased movement of Fe from the leaf to the tuber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manrong Zha
- College of Biology Resources and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
- Department of Agronomy, Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Agronomy, Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Agronomy, Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jinping Fan
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Plant Biology, Cornell University, New York, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Biology Resources and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
- Department of Agronomy, Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Cankui Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Rasin P, Manakkadan V, Vadakkedathu Palakkeezhillam VN, Haribabu J, Echeverria C, Sreekanth A. Simple Fluorescence Sensing Approach for Selective Detection of Fe 3+ Ions: Live-Cell Imaging and Logic Gate Functioning. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:33248-33257. [PMID: 36157778 PMCID: PMC9494683 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A pyrene-based fluorescent chemosensor APSB [N-(pyrene-1-ylmethylene) anthracen-2-amine] was designed and developed by a simple condensation reaction between pyrene carboxaldehyde and 2-aminoanthracene. The APSB fluorescent sensor selectively binds Fe3+ in the presence of other metal ions. Apart from this, APSB shows high selectivity and sensitivity toward Fe3+ ion detection. The detection limit for APSB was 1.95 nM, and the binding constant (K b) was obtained as 8.20 × 105 M-1 in DMSO/water (95/5, v/v) medium. The fluorescence quantum yields for APSB and APSB-Fe3+ were calculated as 0.035 and 0.573, respectively. The function of this fluorescent sensor APSB can be explained through the photo-induced electron transfer mechanism which was further proved by density functional theory studies. Finally, a live-cell image study of APSB in HeLa cells was also carried out to investigate the cell permeability of APSB and its efficiency for selective detection of Fe3+ in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puthiyavalappil Rasin
- Department
of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology-Tiruchirappalli, 620015Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vipin Manakkadan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology-Tiruchirappalli, 620015Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Jebiti Haribabu
- Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad de Atacama, Los Carreras 1579, 1532502Copiapo, Chile
| | - Cesar Echeverria
- Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad de Atacama, Los Carreras 1579, 1532502Copiapo, Chile
| | - Anandaram Sreekanth
- Department
of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology-Tiruchirappalli, 620015Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
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43
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Kittilukkana A, Phatruengdet T, Intakhad J, Chariyakornkul A, Wongpoomchai R, Pilapong C. Molecular Nanoparticles of Ferric–Tannic Complexes Enhance Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Activate Brain Clearance Pathways. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12960-12970. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aiyarin Kittilukkana
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Radiologic Technology, Center of Excellence for Molecular Imaging (CEMI), Chiang Mai University, 50200 Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thipjutha Phatruengdet
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Radiologic Technology, Center of Excellence for Molecular Imaging (CEMI), Chiang Mai University, 50200 Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Jannarong Intakhad
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Radiologic Technology, Center of Excellence for Molecular Imaging (CEMI), Chiang Mai University, 50200 Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Arpamas Chariyakornkul
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Chiang Mai University, 50200 Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Rawiwan Wongpoomchai
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Chiang Mai University, 50200 Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chalermchai Pilapong
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Radiologic Technology, Center of Excellence for Molecular Imaging (CEMI), Chiang Mai University, 50200 Chiang Mai, Thailand
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44
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Churchill D, Ali H, Moussa M, Donohue C, Pavord S, Robinson SE, Cheshire K, Wilson P, Grant-Casey J, Stanworth SJ. Maternal iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy: Lessons from a national audit. Br J Haematol 2022; 199:277-284. [PMID: 35922080 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe the management and the prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) during pregnancy by comparison to standards. A cross-sectional national cohort study of women who had given birth six weeks prior to data collection was conducted at maternity units in the UK and Ireland. Participating centres collected data from 10 consecutive pregnant women. Analysis was descriptive to define the prevalence of IDA in pregnancy and the puerperium, and to compare the outcomes in women who had IDA with women who did not have anaemia anytime during pregnancy. Eighty-six maternity units contributed data on 860 pregnancies and births. The overall prevalence of IDA during pregnancy was 30.4% and in the puerperium 20%. Anaemic women were more likely to be from ethnic minorities, odds ratio 2.23 (1.50, 3.32). Adherence to national guidance was suboptimal, and the prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy remains very high. There is pressing need to explore barriers to early identification and effective management of iron deficiency. IDA should be considered a major public health problem in the UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Churchill
- The Royal Wolverhampton Hospital NHS Trust, New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, UK.,Research Institute in Healthcare Science, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Hind Ali
- The Royal Wolverhampton Hospital NHS Trust, New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Mahmoud Moussa
- Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Swindon, UK
| | - Ciara Donohue
- The Royal Free Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sue Pavord
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Katherine Cheshire
- The Royal Wolverhampton Hospital NHS Trust, New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Paul Wilson
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - John Grant-Casey
- NHS Blood and Transplant Service, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Simon J Stanworth
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.,NHS Blood and Transplant Service, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.,Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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45
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Rosenau PT, van den Hoofdakker BJ, Matthijssen AFM, van de Loo-Neus GHH, Buitelaar JK, Hoekstra PJ, Dietrich A. Withdrawing methylphenidate in relation to serum levels of ferritin and zinc in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 152:31-37. [PMID: 35714551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Iron and zinc have been associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), executive functioning, and response to methylphenidate, given their link with the dopaminergic system. This study aimed to investigate the effect of withdrawing methylphenidate after long-term treatment on serum levels of ferritin and zinc; and if baseline (pre-discontinuation) serum levels of these nutritional markers moderated the effects of withdrawing methylphenidate on ADHD and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms, and working memory. Blood samples were collected from 63 children and adolescents who participated in a randomized, placebo-controlled methylphenidate discontinuation study. They were assigned to either seven weeks of continued treatment with methylphenidate or to gradual withdrawal to placebo. With mixed models for repeated measures we (i) compared changes in ferritin and zinc serum levels between both groups, and (ii) investigated moderating effects of ferritin and zinc on the effects of discontinuation on ADHD and ODD symptoms, and working memory. We additionally explored correlations of baseline and change serum levels with respective symptom scores. Withdrawing methylphenidate led to a decrease in ferritin levels. Higher baseline ferritin was associated with a larger increase (i.e., worsening) of teacher-rated hyperactivity-impulsivity and ODD symptoms after withdrawal; and higher baseline zinc with a larger increase in number of errors on the working memory task after withdrawal. Serum levels did not correlate with ADHD and ODD symptoms. Our preliminary results suggest that ferritin and zinc may be potential biomarkers for the effectiveness of long-term treatment with methylphenidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T Rosenau
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Groningen, the Netherlands; Accare Child Study Center, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Barbara J van den Hoofdakker
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Groningen, the Netherlands; Accare Child Study Center, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anne-Flore M Matthijssen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter J Hoekstra
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Groningen, the Netherlands; Accare Child Study Center, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Dietrich
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Groningen, the Netherlands; Accare Child Study Center, Groningen, the Netherlands
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46
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Stanikzai MH, Zakir S, Ishaq N, Rahimi BA. Prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among children under 5 years of age attending a comprehensive healthcare facility in Kandahar City, Afghanistan. Indian J Public Health 2022; 66:378-379. [PMID: 36149128 DOI: 10.4103/ijph.ijph_2202_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haroon Stanikzai
- Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kandahar University, Kandahar, Afghanistan
| | - Sibghatullah Zakir
- Master, Department of Public Health, Master of Public Health Program, Faculty of Medicine, Kandahar University, Kandahar, Afghanistan
| | - Niamatullah Ishaq
- Associate Professor, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kandahar University, Kandahar, Afghanistan
| | - Bilal Ahmad Rahimi
- Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Kandahar University, Kandahar, Afghanistan
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47
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Relationship between baseline haemoglobin content and poststroke cognitive impairment. J Clin Neurosci 2022; 101:212-216. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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48
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Nikkilä A, Lohi O, Nieminen N, Csonka P. Trends in ferritin measurements in children and adolescents: A Finnish 9-year observational study. Acta Paediatr 2022; 111:1933-1940. [PMID: 35708115 PMCID: PMC9541652 DOI: 10.1111/apa.16454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aim A lack of stored iron, indicated by low serum ferritin, has been associated with various clinical symptoms. There are no longitudinal data on the frequency of ferritin measurements in children and adolescents. Methods A total of 2834 children aged <18 years with serum ferritin and other anaemia‐related blood parameters taken during an outpatient visit between 2012 and 2019 were investigated. Patients with acute infections were excluded. Nationwide temporal and regional variations and correlations with public information searches through Google were analysed. Results A significant increase in the frequency of ferritin measurements was seen starting in 2018, with a 47‐fold rise in 2019 compared to 2012. A simultaneous escalation in Google Search activity was seen. Deficiency of stored iron was relatively common: 21.6% of children with normal haemoglobin and 14.9% of non‐anaemic children with normal red cell indices exhibited ferritin levels below 15 μg/L. Conclusion Ferritin measurement has increased greatly among children and adolescents. Our results suggest that public interest and popular trends can significantly influence health care practices. This calls for further investigation into the causes and consequences of such a phenomenon. Prospective randomised intervention studies are needed to evaluate the utility of iron supplementation in patients with low iron storage levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atte Nikkilä
- Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Lohi
- Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Péter Csonka
- Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Terveystalo Healthcare, Tampere, Finland
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49
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Finkelstein JL, Fothergill A, Guetterman HM, Johnson CB, Bose B, Qi YP, Rose CE, Williams JL, Mehta S, Kuriyan R, Bonam W, Crider KS. Iron status and inflammation in women of reproductive age: A population-based biomarker survey and clinical study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 49:483-494. [PMID: 35623855 PMCID: PMC10878764 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.02.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women of reproductive age (WRA) are at increased risk for anemia and iron deficiency. However, there is limited population-level data in India, which could help inform evidence-based recommendations and policy. AIMS To conduct a population-based biomarker survey of anemia, iron deficiency, and inflammation in WRA in Southern India. METHODS Participants were WRA (15-40 y) who were not pregnant or lactating. Blood samples (n = 979) were collected and analyzed for hemoglobin (Hb), serum ferritin (SF), soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP). Anemia and severe anemia were defined as Hb < 12.0 and < 8.0 g/dL. Serum ferritin was adjusted for inflammation using BRINDA methods. Iron deficiency was defined as SF <15.0 μg/L, iron insufficiency was defined as SF < 20.0 and < 25.0 μg/L, and iron deficiency anemia was defined as Hb < 12.0 g/dL and SF < 15.0 μg/L. Inflammation was defined as CRP > 5.0 mg/L or AGP > 1.0 g/L. Restricted cubic spline regression models were also used to determine if alternative SF thresholds should be used t to classify iron deficiency. RESULTS A total of 41.5% of WRA had anemia, and 3.0% had severe anemia. Findings from spline analyses suggested a SF cut-off of < 15.0 μg/L, consistent with conventional cut-offs for iron deficiency. 46.3% of WRA had SF < 15.0 μg/L (BRINDA-adjusted: 61.5%), 55.0% had SF < 20.0 μg/L (72.7%), 61.8% had SF < 25.0 μg/L (81.0%), and 30.0% had IDA (34.5%). 17.3% of WRA had CRP > 5.0 mg/L and 22.2% had AGP > 1.0 g/L. The prevalence of ID (rural vs. urban: 49.1% vs. 34.9%; p = 0.0004), iron insufficiency (57.8% vs. 43.8%; p = 0.0005), and IDA (31.8% vs. 22.4%; p = 0.01) were significantly higher in rural areas, although CRP levels were lower and there were no differences in elevated CRP or AGP. CONCLUSIONS The burden of anemia and iron deficiency in this population was substantial, and increased after adjusting for inflammation, suggesting potential to benefit from screening and interventions. REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04048330.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia L Finkelstein
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca NY, USA; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Global Health, and Technology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA; St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
| | - Amy Fothergill
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca NY, USA
| | | | | | - Beena Bose
- St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Yan Ping Qi
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Charles E Rose
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Williams
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Saurabh Mehta
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca NY, USA; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Global Health, and Technology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Wesley Bonam
- Arogyavaram Medical Centre, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Krista S Crider
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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E-1500: Survey on feeding practices in the first 1,500 days of life, recommended by healthcare professionals in Latin America. REVISTA DE GASTROENTEROLOGÍA DE MÉXICO 2022; 87:439-446. [PMID: 35659439 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Health-disease processes are established and programmed in the first 1500 days of life, a period in which nutrition and the microbiota play a fundamental role. Feeding practices vary, according to regional sociocultural characteristics. The Early Nutrition Group of the Latin American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (LASPGHAN) established the goal of identifying the main feeding practices in the first 1500 days that were recommended by health professionals in Latin America. MATERIALS AND METHODS A survey was conducted on the aspects of maternal-infant and young child nutrition during the first 1500 days of life. An open invitation was extended to Latin American healthcare professionals to anonymously answer the online survey. RESULTS A total of 1284 surveys from participants in 18 Latin American countries were analyzed. The mean age of the participants was 37.14 ± 11.1 years, 75.7% were women, 64.7% were physicians, and the rest were nutritionists/nutriologists. A total of 71.4% were familiar with the concept of the first 1000 days of life, 95% answered that exclusive breastfeeding should be carried out up to 6 months of age, and 34.3% responded that complementary feeding should be begun between 4 and 6 months of age. There was scant knowledge regarding nutrition in the pregnant woman. Adherence to traditional complementary feeding practices was evident. CONCLUSIONS In a group of Latin American healthcare professionals, knowledge about nutrition in the first 1000-1500 days of life of an individual is still incomplete and insufficient, showing the need for continued training of healthcare professionals, with respect to those themes.
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