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Pagoto S, Lueders N, Palmer L, Idiong C, Bannor R, Xu R, Ingels S. Best Practices for Designing and Testing Behavioral and Health Communication Interventions for Delivery in Private Facebook Groups: Tutorial. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e58627. [PMID: 39231426 DOI: 10.2196/58627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Facebook, the most popular social media platform in the United States, is used by 239 million US adults, which represents 71% of the population. Not only do most US adults use Facebook but they also spend an average of 40 minutes per day on the platform. Due to Facebook's reach and ease of use, it is increasingly being used as a modality for delivering behavioral and health communication interventions. Typically, a Facebook-delivered intervention involves creating a private group to deliver intervention content for participants to engage with asynchronously. In many interventions, a counselor is present to facilitate discussions and provide feedback and support. Studies of Facebook-delivered interventions have been conducted on a variety of topics, and they vary widely in terms of the intervention content used in the group, use of human counselors, group size, engagement, and other characteristics. In addition, results vary widely and may depend on how well the intervention was executed and the degree to which it elicited engagement among participants. Best practices for designing and delivering behavioral intervention content for asynchronous delivery in Facebook groups are lacking, as are best practices for engaging participants via this modality. In this tutorial, we propose best practices for the use of private Facebook groups for delivery and testing the efficacy of behavioral or health communication interventions, including converting traditional intervention content into Facebook posts; creating protocols for onboarding, counseling, engagement, and data management; designing and branding intervention content; and using engagement data to optimize engagement and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Pagoto
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | | | - Lindsay Palmer
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Christie Idiong
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Richard Bannor
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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Houghton S, Moss M. Exploring the Impact of Safer Sports Betting Promotion on Social Media: An Experimental Study. J Gambl Stud 2024; 40:1085-1102. [PMID: 38240938 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-024-10280-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
The current study assessed the effectiveness of delivering safer gambling messaging to regular sport bettors on social media. It also assessed whether the content of the message impacted message effectiveness. A 3 × 2 mixed factorial design was employed, with 281 participants randomly assigned to follow one of three Twitter accounts. The accounts either sent out informational messages, self-appraisal messages or emotional self-efficacy messages. Participants reported betting behaviour from the two weeks prior to following the accounts, in addition to during the two-week intervention period, using information from their online gambling accounts. Participants reported readiness to change gambling behaviour pre and post the two-week intervention period. A significant main effect of intervention stage highlighted reductions in betting behaviour and increased readiness to change behaviour. However, there was no significant main effect of condition and no significant interaction between intervention stage and condition upon betting behaviour or readiness to change. The findings suggest receiving safer gambling messages on social media may lead to a reduction in betting behaviour. However, similar reductions in behaviour were observed in the experimental and control conditions. Further research is needed to clarify whether changes in behaviour observed in the current study would extend over a longer period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Houghton
- Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Mark Moss
- Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
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Juliebø-Jones P, Gauhar V, Keller EX, Coninck VD, Talyshinskii A, Sierra A, Ventimiglia E, Tzelves L, Corrales M, Emiliani E, Beisland C, Somani BK. Social media and urology: The good, the bad and the ugly. Urologia 2024:3915603241273885. [PMID: 39212156 DOI: 10.1177/03915603241273885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Social media (SoMe) is now a core part of modern-day life with increased use among both patients and urologists. The interplay of SoMe between these two parties is complex. From a patient perspective, SoMe platforms can serve as educational tools as well as communication portals to support networks and patient communities. However, studies report the educational value of content online is often poor and may contain misinformation. For urologists, SoMe can lead to research collaborations, networking and educational content but areas of concern include the potential negative impact SoMe can have on mental health and sharing of patient images without appropriate consent. This review serves to provide an overview of the interaction between SoMe and urology practice and provide practical guidance to navigating it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Juliebø-Jones
- Department of Urology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- EAU YAU Urolithiasis Group, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Vineet Gauhar
- Department of Urology, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Ali Talyshinskii
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Alba Sierra
- EAU YAU Urolithiasis Group, Arnhem, The Netherlands
- Department of Urology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eugenio Ventimiglia
- EAU YAU Urolithiasis Group, Arnhem, The Netherlands
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Lazaros Tzelves
- EAU YAU Urolithiasis Group, Arnhem, The Netherlands
- Department of Urology, Sismanogleio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Mariela Corrales
- Department of Urology AP-HP, Tenon Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Esteban Emiliani
- EAU YAU Urolithiasis Group, Arnhem, The Netherlands
- Department of Urology, Puigvert Foundation, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Beisland
- Department of Urology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bhaskar K Somani
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
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4
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Jiang N, Zhao A, Rogers ES, Cupertino AP, Zhao X, Cartujano-Barrera F, Siu K, Sherman SE. Feasibility and Preliminary Effects of a Social Media-Based Peer-Group Mobile Messaging Smoking Cessation Intervention Among Chinese Immigrants who Smoke: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2024; 12:e59496. [PMID: 39037756 PMCID: PMC11318363 DOI: 10.2196/59496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chinese immigrants experience significant disparities in tobacco use. Culturally adapted tobacco treatments targeting this population are sparse and the use is low. The low use of these treatment programs is attributed to their exclusive focus on individuals who are ready to quit and the wide range of barriers that Chinese immigrants face to access these programs. To support Chinese immigrant smokers at all levels of readiness to quit and address their access barriers, we developed the WeChat Quit Coach, a culturally and linguistically appropriate WeChat (Tencent Holdings Limited)-based peer group mobile messaging smoking cessation intervention. OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of WeChat Quit Coach. METHODS We enrolled a total of 60 Chinese immigrant smokers in 2022 in New York City for a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) and a single-arm pilot test. The first 40 participants were randomized to either the intervention arm (WeChat Quit Coach) or the control arm (self-help print material) using 1:1 block randomization stratified by sex. WeChat Quit Coach lasted 6 weeks, featuring small peer groups moderated by a coach, daily text messages with text questions, and chat-based instant messaging support from the coach in response to peer questions. The next 20 participants were enrolled in the single-arm pilot test to further assess intervention feasibility and acceptability. All 60 participants were offered a 4-week supply of complimentary nicotine replacement therapy. Surveys were administered at baseline and 6 weeks, with participants in the pilot RCT completing an additional survey at 6 months and biochemical verification of abstinence at both follow-ups. RESULTS Of 74 individuals screened, 68 (92%) were eligible and 60 (88%) were enrolled. The majority of participants, with a mean age of 42.5 (SD 13.8) years, were male (49/60, 82%) and not ready to quit, with 70% (42/60) in the precontemplation or contemplation stage at the time of enrollment. The pilot RCT had follow-up rates of 98% (39/40) at 6 weeks and 93% (37/40) at 6 months, while the single-arm test achieved 100% follow-up at 6 weeks. On average, participants responded to daily text questions for 25.1 days over the 42-day intervention period and 23% (9/40) used the chat-based instant messaging support. Most participants were satisfied with WeChat Quit Coach (36/39, 92%) and would recommend it to others (32/39, 82%). At 6 months, self-reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence rates were 25% (5/20) in the intervention arm and 15% (3/20) in the control arm, with biochemically verified abstinence rates of 25% (5/20) and 5% (1/20), respectively. CONCLUSIONS WeChat Quit Coach was feasible and well-received by Chinese immigrants who smoke and produced promising effects on abstinence. Large trials are warranted to assess its efficacy in promoting abstinence in this underserved population. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05130788; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05130788.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ariel Zhao
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Erin S Rogers
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ana Paula Cupertino
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Xiaoquan Zhao
- Department of Communication, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
| | | | - Katherine Siu
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Scott E Sherman
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY, United States
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5
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Zhang L, Qiu SS, Ao SH, Zhao X. Association between health-related social media use and E-cigarette use among current cigarette users: the roles of anti-tobacco messages and harm perception. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1278. [PMID: 38730280 PMCID: PMC11084065 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18756-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The popularity of e-cigarettes is on the rise among current cigarette users. Therefore, there are concerns about their health implications. This study examined the impact of health-related social media use on e-cigarette use among current cigarette users. It assesses the mediating influence of online anti-tobacco messages and the moderating role of the harm perception of e-cigarettes. METHODS This study was focused on 563 current cigarette users from the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). Three tasks were performed: (1) assessing the direct and indirect impacts of health-related social media use on e-cigarette use among current cigarette users, (2) exploring the mediating role of exposure to online anti-tobacco messages, and (3) examining the moderating influence of e-cigarette harm perception on the path from anti-tobacco messages to e-cigarette use. RESULTS Health-related social media use was positively associated with current cigarette users' e-cigarette use directly (bp = 0.183, p < .01) and indirectly through exposure to online anti-tobacco messages (bp = 0.023, 95% CI: [0.001, 0.051]). Harm perception of e-cigarettes moderated the relationship between online exposure to anti-tobacco messages and e-cigarette use (bp=-0.467, p < .01). The relationship appeared weaker for individuals who perceived greater harm from e-cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS Health-related social media use positively correlates with e-cigarette use among current cigarette users through exposure to online anti-tobacco messages. The perceived harm of e-cigarettes moderates this indirect path. These findings have implications for public health interventions aimed at smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luxi Zhang
- Department of Communication / Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Sha Sarah Qiu
- Department of Communication / Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Song Harris Ao
- Department of Communication / Institute of Collaborative Innovation / Center for Research in Greater Bay Area, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Xinshu Zhao
- Department of Communication / Institute of Collaborative Innovation / Center for Research in Greater Bay Area, University of Macau, Macau, China.
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Wong V, Ippolito GM, Crescenze I. Integrating Patient Preferences with Guideline-Based Care in Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction After Spinal Cord Injury. Urol Clin North Am 2024; 51:277-284. [PMID: 38609199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Individual and social factors are important for clinical decision-making in patients with neurogenic bladder secondary to spinal cord injury (SCI). These factors include the availability of caregivers, social infrastructure, and personal preferences, which all can drive bladder management decisions. These elements can be overlooked in clinical decision-making; therefore, there is a need to elicit and prioritize patient preferences and values into neurogenic bladder care to facilitate personalized bladder management choices. For the purposes of this article, we review the role of guideline-based care and shared decision-making in the SCI population with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Wong
- Department of Urology, Ohio State University, 915 Olentangy River Road, Suite 3100, Room 3105, Columbus, OH 43212, USA.
| | - Giulia M Ippolito
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, 1733 Monterey Court, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Irene Crescenze
- Department of Urology, Ohio State University, 915 Olentangy River Road, 2nd Floor Suite 2000, Columbus, OH 43212, USA
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Lyu JC, Meacham MC, Nguyen N, Ramo D, Ling PM. Factors Associated With Abstinence Among Young Adult Smokers Enrolled in a Real-world Social Media Smoking Cessation Program. Nicotine Tob Res 2024; 26:S27-S35. [PMID: 38366340 PMCID: PMC10873491 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntad170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social media platforms are promising to provide smoking cessation support. This study aimed to identify baseline factors associated with cigarette smoking abstinence among young adult smokers enrolled in a real-world social media-based smoking cessation program. AIMS AND METHODS We analyzed data from young adult smokers (aged 18-30 years) participating in a publicly available Facebook-based smoking cessation program serving the San Francisco Bay Area. The analytic sample consisted of 248 participants who completed both the baseline and follow-up surveys at 3 months. Multivariable logistic regression analysis determined baseline factors significantly associated with self-reported 7-day cigarette smoking abstinence at 3 months. RESULTS Participants were race/ethnically diverse, well-educated, and 47.6% reported LGB + sexual identity. Those who reported dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes in the past 30 days (vs. cigarette use only), current alcohol users (vs. non-users), and those aged 25-30 years (vs. 18-24 years) were significantly less likely to report 7-day abstinence at 3 months. Non-daily smokers (vs. daily smokers) and those with high desire to quit smoking (vs. low to moderate desire) were more likely to report abstinence. Results also showed reduction in the percentage of e-cigarette and other tobacco product use among participants. CONCLUSIONS Social media interventions may be more effective for young adult non-daily smokers and those with high desire to quit smoking. Smoking cessation programs may help reduce use of other tobacco products among treatment-seeking smokers. Smoking cessation interventions for young adults need to explicitly address dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes and use of alcohol. IMPLICATIONS Findings of this study highlight the need for future interventions to address dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes and use of alcohol to improve cigarette smoking abstinence outcomes. The reduction in the use of other tobacco products among program participants indicates that social media smoking cessation programs may exert a broader positive influence on overall tobacco consumption. The large number of LGB+ smokers participating in the program suggests social media is a promising cessation channel for this hard-to-reach group, warranting further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Chen Lyu
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Meredith C Meacham
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nhung Nguyen
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Danielle Ramo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- HopeLab, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pamela M Ling
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Onyeaka HK, Chido-Amajuoyi OG, Daskalakis E, Deary EC, Boardman AC, Basiru T, Muoghalu C, Uwandu Q, Baiden P, Nkemjika S, Aneni K, Amonoo HL. Associations between Health-Related Use of Social Media and Positive Lifestyle Behaviors: Findings from a Representative Sample of US Adult Smokers. Subst Use Misuse 2024; 59:527-535. [PMID: 38037958 PMCID: PMC10922700 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2023.2287199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Background: Cigarette smokers have elevated cardiovascular risk factors, which contributes significantly to mortality. Although social media is a potential avenue to deliver smoking interventions, its role in health promotion among smokers remains relatively unexplored.Objective: To examine the uptake and impact of health-related social media use in cigarette smokers.Methods: Using data from the 2017-2020 Health Information National Trends Survey, we evaluated differences in health-related social media use between smokers and nonsmokers. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to examine the association between social media use and positive health behaviors.Results: We included 1863 current smokers and 13,560 nonsmokers; Most participants were women (51.0%), White (64.6%), and 49.2% were aged ≥50 years. Smokers who used ≥1 social media site for health-related purposes in the past year were significantly more likely to meet the guideline recommendations for: (i) weekly physical activity (AOR 2.00, 95% CI 1.23-3.24), (ii) daily vegetable intake (AOR 2.48, 95% CI 1.10-5.59), and (iii) weekly strength training (AOR 1.80, 95% CI 1.10-2.94). However, the odds of reporting intentions to quit smoking (AOR 1.81, 95% CI 0.98-3.34) and attempts at smoking cessation (AOR 1.68, 95% CI 0.90-3.12) did not differ by health-related social media use.Conclusion: Smokers use social media for health-related purposes at comparable rates to nonsmokers. While our findings indicate that these platforms present a novel opportunity for health promotion among smokers, future research exploring the utility of social media in smoking cessation is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry K Onyeaka
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Onyema G Chido-Amajuoyi
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas Maryland Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Emma C Deary
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Tajudeen Basiru
- Department of Psychiatry, Community Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Chioma Muoghalu
- Department of Pediatrics, Plains Regional Medical Center, Clovis, NM, USA
| | - Queeneth Uwandu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Philip Baiden
- School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Stanley Nkemjika
- Department of Psychiatry, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Kammarauche Aneni
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hermioni L Amonoo
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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Bhatt NR, Teoh JYC, Garcia Rojo E, Gauhar V, Mercader C, Cucchiara V, Bezuidenhout C, Rogers E, Ribal MJ, Giannarini G. Social Media Interventions for Patients and Public: Opportunities and Challenges for the Urology Community. Eur Urol 2023; 84:523-526. [PMID: 37635044 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Interactive interventions represent a new application of social media in urology that involves multidirectional communication within a group. Such interventions have the potential to influence health behaviours in patients and the public and result in a significant impact on urological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh
- S.H. Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Esther Garcia Rojo
- Department of Urology, HM Hospitales and ROC Clinic, Hospital Universitario HM Sanchinarro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vineet Gauhar
- Department of Urology, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Claudia Mercader
- Uro-Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vito Cucchiara
- Department of Urology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Division of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Carla Bezuidenhout
- European Association of Urology Guidelines Office, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Eamonn Rogers
- Department of Urology, University College Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Maria J Ribal
- Uro-Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gianluca Giannarini
- Urology Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
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Kalwicz DA, Rao S, Modrakovic D, Zea MC, Dovidio JF, Magnus M, Kharfen M, Patel V, Calabrese SK. 'There are people like me who will see that, and it will just wash over them': Black sexual minority men's perspectives on messaging in PrEP visual advertisements. CULTURE, HEALTH & SEXUALITY 2023; 25:1371-1386. [PMID: 36598172 PMCID: PMC10318116 DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2022.2157491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The high incidence of HIV among US Black sexual minority men is a public health crisis that pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV can help address. Public health campaigns, which often include pictures of Black sexual minority men alongside PrEP-related messaging, have been developed to encourage PrEP awareness and uptake. However, the acceptability of the messaging within these campaigns among Black sexual minority men is unclear. We conducted four focus groups with 18 HIV-negative Black sexual minority men in Washington, DC to explore their perspectives regarding promotional messaging (textual elements) in PrEP visual advertisements, including their reactions to three large-scale public health campaigns. Primary themes included: (1) the need for additional information about PrEP, (2) preference for slogan simplicity, (3) the desire to normalise PrEP use, and (4) mixed views on the inclusion of condoms. Results indicated that the messaging in current PrEP visual advertisements may not sufficiently address Black sexual minority men's questions about PrEP. Providing basic PrEP information and methods to access more information; using simple, unambiguous language; presenting PrEP use in a destigmatising, normalising fashion; and conveying the relevance of condoms if included in the advertisement could help increase the acceptability of future PrEP advertising among Black sexual minority men.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Kalwicz
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sharanya Rao
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Djordje Modrakovic
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Maria Cecilia Zea
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - John F. Dovidio
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Department, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Manya Magnus
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michael Kharfen
- District of Columbia Department of Health, HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, STD and TB Administration, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Viraj Patel
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sarah K. Calabrese
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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11
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Nian T, Guo K, Liu W, Deng X, Hu X, Xu M, E F, Wang Z, Song G, Yang K, Li X, Shang W. Non-pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation: analysis of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. BMC Med 2023; 21:378. [PMID: 37775745 PMCID: PMC10542700 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03087-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although non-pharmacological smoking cessation measures have been widely used among smokers, current research evidence on the effects of smoking cessation is inconsistent and of mixed quality. Moreover, there is a lack of comprehensive evidence synthesis. This study seeks to systematically identify, describe, and evaluate the available evidence for non-pharmacological interventions in smoking populations through evidence mapping (EM), and to search for best-practice smoking cessation programs. METHODS A comprehensive search for relevant studies published from the establishment of the library to January 8, 2023, was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, Wan Fang, and VIP. Two authors independently assessed eligibility and extracted data. The PRISMA statement and AMSTAR 2 tool were used to evaluate the report quality and methodology quality of systematic reviews/meta-analyses (SRs/MAs), respectively. Bubble plots were utilized to display information, such as the study population, intervention type, evidence quality, and original study sample size. RESULTS A total of 145 SRs/MAs regarding non-pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation were investigated, with 20 types of interventions identified. The most commonly used interventions were cognitive behaviour education (n = 32, 22.07%), professional counselling (n = 20, 13.79%), and non-nicotine electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) (n = 13, 8.97%). Among them, counselling and behavioural support can improve smoking cessation rates, but the effect varies depending on the characteristics of the support provided. These findings are consistent with previous SRs/MAs. The general population (n = 108, 74.48%) was the main cohort included in the SRs/MAs. The total score of PRISMA for the quality of the reports ranged from 8 to 27, and 13 studies (8.97%) were rated as high confidence, and nine studies (6.21%) as moderate confidence, in the AMSTAR 2 confidence rating. CONCLUSIONS The abstinence effect of cognitive behaviour education and money incentive intervention has advantages, and non-nicotine e-cigarettes appear to help some smokers transition to less harmful replacement tools. However, the methodological shortcomings of SRs/MAs should be considered. Therefore, to better guide future practice in the field of non-pharmacological smoking cessation, it is essential to improve the methodological quality of SRs and carry out high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Nian
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center/Health Technology Assessment Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangle Guo
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center/Health Technology Assessment Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wendi Liu
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center/Health Technology Assessment Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Deng
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center/Health Technology Assessment Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoye Hu
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center/Health Technology Assessment Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Xu
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center/Health Technology Assessment Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenfen E
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center/Health Technology Assessment Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center/Health Technology Assessment Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guihang Song
- Gansu Provincial Medical Security Bureau, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kehu Yang
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center/Health Technology Assessment Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Vidence Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuxia Li
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center/Health Technology Assessment Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenru Shang
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Center/Health Technology Assessment Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
- Vidence Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of First Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Bassi S, Arora M, Thapliyal N, Kulkarni MM, Bhagawath R, Bogdanovica I, Kamath VG, Britton J, Bains M. Programme and policy perspectives towards a tobacco-free generation in India: findings from a qualitative study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e067779. [PMID: 37419637 PMCID: PMC10335429 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored multistakeholder perspectives on existing adolescent-specific tobacco control policies and programmes, to advance India's transition towards a tobacco-free generation. DESIGN Qualitative semi-structured interviews. SETTING Interviews were conducted with officials involved in tobacco control at the national (India), state (Karnataka), district (Udupi) and village level. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-eight individuals representing national (n=9), state (n=9), district (n=14) and village (n=6) levels, participated. RESULTS The study findings highlighted the need to strengthen and amend the existing Tobacco Control Law (2003) provisions, particularly in the vicinity of schools (Sections 6a and 6b). Increasing the minimum legal age to buy tobacco from 18 to 21 years, developing an 'application' for 'compliance and monitoring indicators' in Tobacco-Free Educational Institution guidelines were proposed. Policies to address smokeless tobacco use, stricter enforcement including regular monitoring of existing programmes, and robust evaluation of policies was underscored. Engaging adolescents to co-create interventions was advocated, along with integrating national tobacco control programmes into existing school and adolescent health programmes, using both an intersectoral and whole-societal approach to prevent tobacco use, were recommended. Finally, stakeholders mentioned that when drafting and implementing a comprehensive national tobacco control policy, there is a need to adopt a vision striving toward a tobacco-free generation. CONCLUSION Strengthening and developing tobacco control programmes and policies are warranted which are monitored and evaluated rigorously, and where adolescents should be involved, accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Bassi
- Health Promotion Division, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
- HRIDAY, New Delhi, India
| | - Monika Arora
- Health Promotion Division, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
- HRIDAY, New Delhi, India
| | - Nishibha Thapliyal
- Health Promotion Division, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
| | - Muralidhar M Kulkarni
- Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Acadamy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Rohith Bhagawath
- Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Acadamy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Veena G Kamath
- Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Acadamy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - John Britton
- Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Manpreet Bains
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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13
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Marsh A, Hundley VA, Luce A, Richens Y. The perfect birth: a content analysis of midwives' posts about birth on Instagram. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:422. [PMID: 37286939 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05706-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited research into how midwives use social media within their professional role. Small pilot studies have explored the introduction of social media into maternity practice and teaching but there is little evidence around how midwives use social media professionally. This is important as 89% of pregnant women turn to social media for advice during pregnancy, and how midwives use social media could be influencing women, their perception of birth and their decision making. METHODS AIM: To analyse how popular midwives portray birth on the social media platform Instagram. This is an observational mixed methods study using content analysis. Five 'popular' midwives from each country (UK, New Zealand, USA and Australia) were identified and their posts about birth collated from a one-year period (2020-21). Images/videos were then coded. Descriptive statistics enabled comparison of the posts by country. Categorisation was used to analyse and understand the content. RESULTS The study identified 917 posts from the 20 midwives' accounts, containing 1216 images/videos, with most coming from USA (n = 466), and UK (n = 239), Australia (n = 205) and New Zealand (n = 7) respectively. Images/videos were categorised into 'Birth Positivity', 'Humour', 'Education', 'Birth Story' and 'Advertisement'. Midwives' portrayals of birth represented a greater proportion of vaginal births, waterbirths and homebirths than known national birth statistics. The most popular midwives identified mainly had private businesses (n = 17). Both the midwives and women portrayed in images were primarily white, demonstrating a disproportionate representation. CONCLUSION There is a small midwifery presence on Instagram that is not representative of the broader profession, or the current picture of midwifery care. This paper is the first study to explore how midwives are using the popular social media platform Instagram to portray birth. It provides insight into how midwives post an un-medicalised, low risk representation of birth. Further research is recommended to explore midwives' motivation behind their posts, and how pregnant and postnatal women engage with social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marsh
- Centre for Midwifery Maternal & Perinatal Health, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth Gateway Building, St Pauls Lane, Bournemouth, BH8 8GP, UK.
- Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Unit, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 25 Grafton Way, London, WC1E 6DB, UK.
| | - Vanora A Hundley
- Centre for Midwifery Maternal & Perinatal Health, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth Gateway Building, St Pauls Lane, Bournemouth, BH8 8GP, UK
| | - Ann Luce
- Department of Journalism and Communication, Bournemouth University, Weymouth House, Talbot Campus, Fern Barrow, Poole, BH12 5BB, UK
| | - Yana Richens
- Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Crown Street, Liverpool, L8 7SS, UK
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14
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Walsh LE, Carter-Bawa L. Using social media to recruit individuals for health-related research: Feasibility and lessons learned. J Health Psychol 2023; 28:599-606. [PMID: 36416197 PMCID: PMC10251309 DOI: 10.1177/13591053221136928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Online recruitment via social media for health-related research is increasing. Metrics regarding social media recruitment may increase its use in this field. This study evaluates the feasibility of recruiting individuals with a smoking history through targeted advertising on Facebook for a randomized study focused on lung cancer screening. Individuals completed eligibility questions and were randomized to one of two groups. We analyzed advertisement reach and response patterns, advertisement cost, data integrity and sample representativeness. The advertisement was active for 34 days and resulted in 2111 unique clicks on the survey link. Four hundred thirty-three eligibility entries were collected, and 61 entries were excluded due to failure to correctly answer the data integrity check. Two hundred eighty-two participants met eligibility criteria and were randomized, 191 participants completed questionnaires and 10 entries were subsequently excluded due to a failed attention check. Recruitment utilizing targeted advertising on Facebook is an effective and efficient strategy for health-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah E Walsh
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, USA
- Fordham University, USA
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15
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Tang J, Yang J, Liu Y, Liu X, Li L, Sun Y, Jin J, Fang Y, Zhou Z, Wang Y, Liu Y, Chen W, McNeill A, Kelly BC, Cohen JE, Liao Y. Efficacy of WeChat-based online smoking cessation intervention ('WeChat WeQuit') in China: a randomised controlled trial. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 60:102009. [PMID: 37251625 PMCID: PMC10209122 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background China has approximately 300 million current smokers, and smoking cessation services are limited. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a Cognitive Behavioral Theory-based smoking cessation intervention ('WeChat WeQuit') via the most popular social media platform in China, WeChat. Methods A parallel, single-blind, two-arm randomised controlled trial was conducted via WeChat between March 19, 2020 and November 16, 2022. Chinese-speaking adult smokers (n = 2000) willing to quit within one month were recruited and randomised in a 1:1 ratio. The intervention group (n = 1005) received the 'WeChat WeQuit' program and the control group (n = 955) received control messages for 14 weeks (2-week prequit and 12-week postquit). Participants were followed up to 26 weeks after the quit date. The primary outcome was self-reported continuous smoking abstinence rate, biochemically validated at 26 weeks. The secondary outcomes were self-reported 7-day and continuous abstinence rates at 6 months. All analyses were by intention to treat. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03169686). Findings By intention-to-treat analysis, the biochemically verified 26-week continuous abstinence rate was 11.94% in the intervention group and 2.81% in the control group (OR = 4.68, 95% CI: 3.07-7.13, p < 0.0001). The self-reported 7-day abstinence rates ranged from 39.70% at week 1-32.04% at week 26 for the intervention group and 14.17%-11.86% in the control group for weeks 1 and 26, respectively; the self-reported continuous abstinence rates at weeks 1 and 26 ranged from 34.33% to 24.28% and 9.65% to 6.13% in the intervention group and the control group respectively (all p < 0.0001). Participants with low nicotine dependence or previous quit attempts were more likely to successfully quit smoking. Interpretation The 'WeChat WeQuit' intervention significantly increased smoking abstinence rates at 6 months and should be considered for treatment-seeking smokers in China. Funding The research is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2020JJ4794, YLiao), the K.C. Wong Postdoctoral Fellowship for YLiao to study at King's College London, and China Medical Board (CMB) Open Competition Program (grant no. 15-226, 22-485, YLiao).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiaocong Liu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yunkai Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jieyin Jin
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yehong Fang
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zitang Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yueheng Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ann McNeill
- Department of Addictions, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Brian C. Kelly
- Department of Sociology & Center for Research on Young People’s Health (CRYPH), Purdue University, 700 W State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Joanna E. Cohen
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control (IGTC), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 2213 McElderry St., Fourth Floor, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yanhui Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
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16
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Razzak FA, Saab D, Haddad F, Antoun J. Content analysis of social media regarding obesity as a chronic disease. PeerJ Comput Sci 2023; 9:e1321. [PMID: 37346663 PMCID: PMC10280592 DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Social media is an effective online communication channel. Obesity has been classified as a chronic disease; yet, social media rarely portrays it as such. This study aims to explore the perception of obesity as a chronic disease through content analysis of social media content of obesity-related health organizations and weight loss commercial applications. Methods Using a codebook adapted from the definition of chronic disease, content analysis was conducted to evaluate a set of posts sampled from 11 health-related organizations and 10 weight loss applications Facebook and Twitter accounts. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the extent obesity was portrayed as a chronic disease. Results A total of 8,106 posts were extracted: 3,019 posts by organizations and 5,087 by weight loss commercial applications. Only 401 (4.5%) posts/tweets were related to obesity as a chronic disease and were posted by obesity-related health organizations. Only 69 (2.0%) posts from all the organizations' posts directly addressed the idea that obesity is a chronic disease. Almost none of the weight loss commercial apps' social media accounts tackled any aspect of obesity as a disease. Commercial applications' posts revolved mainly around recipes, exercise regimens, and behavioral advice, whereas organizations tackled more complications, treatment, and obesity bias. Conclusion Using content analysis of social media content, obesity-related health organizations and weight loss applications did not emphasize obesity as a chronic disease on their social media platforms of Facebook and Twitter. Weight-loss commercial applications on social media should include more posts to modify the public's perception regarding obesity as a disease, contributing to health promotion. Further research should explore other social media platforms and posts with specific hashtags posted by the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Abdul Razzak
- Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Diane Saab
- American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Jumana Antoun
- Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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17
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Alghzawi HM, Storr CL. Gender Differences in the Interrelations Among Social Support, Stressful Life Events, and Smoking Cessation in People With Severe Mental Illnesses. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2023; 29:146-160. [PMID: 33926296 DOI: 10.1177/10783903211008248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social support and stressful life events (SLEs) have been found to be influential factors for smoking cessation in the general population, but little is known about these factors among smokers with severe mental illnesses (SMIs) and whether their associations with smoking cessation differ by gender. AIMS To examine the association between social support and smoking cessation as mediated by SLEs in people with SMI and to examine whether the interrelations among social support, SLEs, and smoking cessation differ by gender. METHODS A population sample of 4,610 American lifetime adult smokers with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depressive disorder were identified in a limited public use data set of the 2012-2013 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Four mediation and moderated mediation models were used to examine gender differences in the interrelations among social support (total and three subscales of the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List-12), SLEs (summative score of positive responses to 16 types experienced in past year and related to health, job, death, or legal situations), and smoking status in prior year. RESULTS Total, appraisal, and tangible support among females exerted indirect effects on smoking cessation via decreasing SLE scores. Among males, only belonging support exerted an indirect effect on smoking cessation via an increased SLE score. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that interventions focusing on improving social support should be a priority for those working with smokers with SMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzah M Alghzawi
- Hamzah M. Alghzawi, PhD, MSN, RN, Medstar Good Samaritan Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carla L Storr
- Carla L. Storr, ScD, MPH, University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
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18
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Balenger A, Scott LC, Swahn MH, Aneja R. Acceptability of Primary Care Counseling and Brief Educational Messages to Increase Awareness about Alcohol and Breast Cancer Risks among Bisexual and Lesbian Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4184. [PMID: 36901202 PMCID: PMC10002287 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This research had two aims: (1) to assess how often bisexual and lesbian women self-report screening and counseling for alcohol use in primary care settings; and (2) understand how bisexual and lesbian women respond to brief messages that alcohol increases breast cancer risk. The study sample consisted of 4891 adult U.S. women who responded to an online, cross-sectional Qualtrics survey in September-October 2021. The survey included the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), questions about alcohol screening and brief counseling in primary care, and questions assessing awareness of the link between alcohol use and breast cancer. Bivariate analyses and logistic regression were conducted. Bisexual and lesbian women had higher odds of harmful drinking (AUDIT score ≥ 8) than heterosexual women (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01-1.57 for bisexual women; AOR =1.78, 95% CI = 1.24-2.57 for lesbian women). However, bisexual and lesbian women were no more likely than heterosexual women to be advised about drinking in primary care. In addition, bisexual, lesbian, and heterosexual women had similar reactions to messages highlighting that alcohol is a risk factor for breast cancer. Women across all three sexual orientations who are harmful drinkers more often agreed to search for more information online or talk to a medical professional compared to non-harmful drinkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelaide Balenger
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | - Lia C. Scott
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | - Monica H. Swahn
- Wellstar College of Health and Human Services, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA 30144, USA
| | - Ritu Aneja
- School of Health Professions, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Derksen ME, Jaspers MWM, Kunst AE, Fransen MP. Usage of digital, social and goal-setting functionalities to support health behavior change: A mixed methods study among disadvantaged women during or after pregnancy and their healthcare professionals. Int J Med Inform 2023; 170:104981. [PMID: 36603389 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2022.104981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to gain insight into how and to what extent social (i.e. private/group chat) and goal-setting (e.g. rewards) functionalities in digital interventions for health behavior change were used by clients and nurses in a preventive care program for disadvantaged women during or after pregnancy, and which factors influenced usage. METHODS We collected quantitative and qualitative data on usage of these functionalities in 'Kindle', a mHealth intervention to prepare for health behavior change. RESULTS We found that nurses (n = 5) and clients (n = 20) scarcely used both functionalities. They sent 862 messages in the social functionality whose security they appreciated, but habitually used WhatsApp likewise. Moreover, nurses were hesitant to let their clients interact in the group chat. Clients formulated 59 personal goals, which they found difficult to do. Nurses rewarded 846 points for clients' progress on goal attainment, but found it hard to determine how many points to reward. Clients and nurses indicated that the functionality made it more fun and easy to discuss clients' personal goals. CONCLUSIONS To conclude, digital, social and goal-setting functionalities were used to a limited extent by nurses and clients, and need optimization before implementation to support disadvantaged groups to change their health behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Derksen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - M W M Jaspers
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Informatics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A E Kunst
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M P Fransen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Watti J, Millner M, Siklósi K, Hamvai C, Kelemen O, Pócs D. How to Avoid Lower Priority for Smoking Cessation Support Content on Facebook: An Analysis of Engagement Bait. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:958. [PMID: 36673713 PMCID: PMC9859185 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20020958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Facebook demotes "engagement bait" content that makes people interact. As a result of this sanctioning, public health content can reach fewer Facebook users. This study aims to determine the negative effect of engagement bait and find alternative techniques. In a three-year period, 791 smoking cessation support content was included (n = 791). The Facebook posts were classified into "engagement bait", "alternative techniques" and control groups. Facebook metrics were compared between the study and control groups. The reach of Facebook page fans was significantly lower in the engagement bait group compared to the control group. On the other hand, the alternative techniques had a significantly lower rate of negative Facebook interactions, as well as significantly higher click rates compared to the control group. This is the first study to reveal the sanctioning of engagement bait on smoking cessation support Facebook posts. "Engagement bait" content has a lower ranking on the Facebook Fans' Newsfeed page. Nevertheless, alternative techniques can circumvent the restrictions on engagement bait. At the same time, alternative techniques can stimulate the click rate and inhibit the rate of negative interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dávid Pócs
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
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Gabarron E, Skafle I, Nordahl-Hansen A, Wynn R. Social media interventions for autistic individuals: Systematic review. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1089452. [PMID: 36937710 PMCID: PMC10014977 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1089452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Research on the use of digital technologies for delivering behavioral interventions has shown mixed evidence on their efficacy for improving both autistic symptoms and co-occurring psychiatric disorders. Little knowledge exists on the specific use or efficacy of using social media in interventions aimed at autistic individuals. Objective To review and describe the current existing evidence-based research on the use of social media in interventions aimed at autistic individuals. Methods A search was conducted across 8 databases (PubMed; EMBASE; Cochrane Library; PsycInfo; ERIC; Education Source; Web of Science; and IEEE Xplore). We included primary studies and reviews that dealt with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); described interventions that use social media; and reported results from the intervention. The quality of the evidence of the included primary studies was graded according to the GRADE criteria, and the risk of bias in systematic reviews was assessed by drawing on the AMSTAR guidelines. Results were synthesized and sorted by quality of evidence. Results A total of nine articles were included in this review: eight primary studies (five non-randomized interventions and three randomized interventions) and one systematic review. The total number of participants with an ASD-diagnosis in the included studies was 164 (aged 5 to 22 years old). Studies weighted as being of moderate quality of evidence have reported significant positive effects in the groups that received the social media interventions: increased social engagement and participation in life situations; increased physical activity level; increased improvement on occupational performance, specified goals, and behavioral problems; and decreased plaque scores coupled with parent reports of intervention success. None of the studies have reported any negative effects linked to social media interventions. Conclusion There is very little evidence of good quality on the use of social media in interventions aimed at autistic individuals. While there is a need for more high-quality studies, all the included studies, with one exception found positive results of the interventions. These findings are encouraging, suggesting that social media-based interventions may in fact be useful for supporting behavioral changes in autistic individuals. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=337185, identifier CRD42022337185.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Gabarron
- Department of Education, ICT and Learning, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for E-health Research, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- *Correspondence: Elia Gabarron,
| | - Ingjerd Skafle
- Faculty of Health, Welfare and Organisation, Østfold University College, Fredrikstad, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders Nordahl-Hansen
- Department of Education, ICT and Learning, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
| | - Rolf Wynn
- Department of Education, ICT and Learning, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Chu S, Feng L, Jing H, Zhang D, Tong Z, Liang L. A WeChat mini-program-based approach to smoking cessation behavioral interventions: Development and preliminary evaluation in a single-arm trial. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231208553. [PMID: 37868155 PMCID: PMC10586004 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231208553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study sought to develop a WeChat mini-program for smoking cessation behavioral interventions (named the WQ mini-program) and evaluate its usability, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy among Chinese smokers. Methods The WQ mini-program was designed based on behavioral change theories and clinical practice guidelines, and clinical smoking cessation experts participated in the development process. Fifty Chinese smokers and five software experts were involved in a single-arm trial. Smokers were asked to use the WQ mini-program at least once a day for 4 weeks and to complete a weekly online follow-up questionnaire. Software experts were asked to complete an online follow-up questionnaire after using all functions of the WQ mini-program. Primary outcomes were usability and acceptability of and satisfaction with the mini-program tested by the System Usability Scale (SUS) and the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS). Self-reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence (PPA) was used to evaluate its preliminary efficacy for smoking cessation. Optimization suggestions for the mini-program were collected from all participants through an open-ended question at the last follow-up and were analyzed by thematic analysis. Results The mean SUS and MARS total scores for the WQ mini-program as evaluated by smokers were 82.1 ± 13.8 and 84.5 ± 3.3 and by software experts were 4.21 ± 0.32 and 4.27 ± 0.15, respectively. Most smokers reported being willing to recommend this mini-program to other smokers (85.4%) and would continue to use it (95.8%). The mean satisfaction score for the mini-program was 4.23 ± 0.69 (out of 5 points) among smokers. Self-reported 7-day PPA among smokers at the 4-week follow-up was 50% (25/50). Conclusions This study demonstrated that the WQ mini-program would be a feasible and potentially effective method to encourage Chinese smokers to quit smoking. However, future research is needed to confirm its efficacy through a randomized controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuilian Chu
- Department of Research on Tobacco Dependence Therapies, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Department of Research on Tobacco Dependence Therapies, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Jing
- Department of Research on Tobacco Dependence Therapies, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Research on Tobacco Dependence Therapies, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Tong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lirong Liang
- Department of Research on Tobacco Dependence Therapies, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Kostagiolas P, Parnavela S, Theodorou P. The Impact of Smokers' Information-Seeking Behavior on Smoking Cessation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1425:645-662. [PMID: 37581838 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-31986-0_63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Smoking has a harmful effect on human body and is rated to be the primary cause of preventable premature disease and death worldwide, while it is responsible for at least 25 life-threatening diseases. METHODS An empirical investigation has been carried out through the development and distribution of a structured questionnaire. The sample of empirical investigation consisted of 150 smokers aged over 18 years (response rate 85.7%). ANALYSIS Descriptive analysis and correlation control of questionnaire variables are used to report the findings of the study. RESULTS Information about passive smoking, smoking consequences, and current therapies in quitting smoking were rated highest among smoke-related information needs. The main sources of information were family/relatives/friends/colleagues and Internet and less important factors were formal sources like medical staff, health professionals, and primary health care services. Ε-health literacy is correlated with higher self-efficacy, positive intention to quit smoking, and better educational level while is negatively correlated with increasing age. CONCLUSIONS The creation of specialized programs and upgraded information services is fundamental for successful smoking cessation. These programs and services should be addressed to all socioeconomic groups and combined with the improvement in smokers' e-health literacy will contribute to a higher self-efficacy and finally drive them to quit smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Kostagiolas
- Department of Archives, Library Science and Museology, Ionian University, Corfu, Greece.
- Hellenic Open University, Patra, Greece.
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Ghahramani A, de Courten M, Prokofieva M. "The potential of social media in health promotion beyond creating awareness: an integrative review". BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2402. [PMID: 36544121 PMCID: PMC9770563 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14885-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developing strategies to change health behaviour is one of the biggest challenges of health promotion programs. Social media, as a popular and innovative communication and education tool, offers opportunities to modify health behaviour. While literature on using social media for health promotion campaigns is growing, there is a need to evaluate the approaches used to change health behaviour, rather than only creating awareness. OBJECTIVE The paper reviewed the literature on application of social media in health promotion campaigns with a particular focus on the methodologies used in assessing the outcome of the programs for behaviour change. This fills the void in collating evidence to extend health promotion campaigns to effect sustainable behavioural change. METHOD Peer-reviewed articles were identified through multiple science databases. A systematic electronic search was conducted to retrieve review and original papers published between January 2010 and April 2022. The titles and abstracts of the articles were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. All authors independently read the full texts and discussed them to reach a consensus about the themes. Concept mapping was used to present results from analysis of the included papers. RESULTS Of the 674 citations, 28 (4.1%) studies were included in this review. The methodology approaches of 18 (2.7%) papers, that aimed to evaluate the impact of social media in health promotion campaigns towards behaviour change, were analysed further using concept mapping. The results showed that 10 studies (55.5%) adopted quantitative methods and five studies (27.7%) used mixed methods and three studies (16.6%) used qualitative methods. Facebook and YouTube were used more for intervention purposes to change health behaviour. Twitter and Instagram were used more to observe the trend of changes in health behaviour. Six studies (33.3%) adopted Social Cognitive Theory and one study (5.5%) applied the Transtheoretical Model as the framework to evaluate the outcome. Overall, the results show that though social media has potential in promoting behaviour change, the estimation of this change in long-term lies outside the scope of social media health campaigns. This is also reflected in the methodologies used in existing studies to assess such sustainable changes. The employed measures usually target immediate behaviour or social media engagement rather than addressing the change on a behavioural level. CONCLUSION Evaluating the performance of social media campaigns to promote health behaviours towards a sustainable outcome is a complex process. Emerging research is focused on evaluating the potential of social media as an opportunity to create awareness. Such measures require less effort in quantifying and isolating the effect. The design of the campaigns is required to be aligned in relation to stages of the behaviour change. The study provides suggestions on how this can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atousa Ghahramani
- grid.1019.90000 0001 0396 9544Victoria University, Business School, 300 Flinders St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Maximilian de Courten
- grid.1019.90000 0001 0396 9544Victoria University, Mitchell Institute for Education and Health Policy, 300 Queen St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Maria Prokofieva
- grid.1019.90000 0001 0396 9544Victoria University, Business School, 300 Flinders St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
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Lyu JC, Olson SS, Ramo DE, Ling PM. Delivering vaping cessation interventions to adolescents and young adults on Instagram: protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2311. [PMID: 36496358 PMCID: PMC9735274 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14606-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent and young adult use of electronic nicotine delivery systems ("vaping") has increased rapidly since 2018. There is a dearth of evidence-based vaping cessation interventions for this vulnerable population. Social media use is common among young people, and smoking cessation groups on social media have shown efficacy in the past. The objective of this study is to describe the protocol for a randomized controlled trial (RCT) testing the efficacy of an Instagram-based vaping cessation intervention for adolescents and young adults. METHODS Adolescents and young adults aged 13-21 residing in California who have vaped at least once per week in the past 30 days will be recruited through social media ads, community partners, and youth serving organizations. Participants will be randomly assigned to intervention or control conditions: the intervention group takes place on Instagram, where participants receive up to 3 posts per weekday for 25 days over 5 weeks; the control group will be directed to kickitca.org, a website offering links to chatline and texting cessation services operated by the California Smokers' Helpline. The primary outcome is biochemically verified 7-day point prevalence abstinence for nicotine vaping; secondary outcomes are vaping reduction by 50% or more, vaping quit attempts, readiness to quit vaping, confidence in ability to quit, desire to quit, commitment to abstinence, and use of evidence-based cessation strategies. Both the primary outcome and secondary outcomes will be assessed immediately, 3 months, and 6 months after the treatment. DISCUSSION This is the first RCT to test a vaping cessation intervention delivered through Instagram. If effective, it will be one of the first evidence-based interventions to address vaping among adolescents and young adults and add to the evidence base for social media interventions for this population. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04707911, registered on January 13, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Chen Lyu
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Sarah S. Olson
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Danielle E. Ramo
- grid.428737.dHopeLab, 100 California St #1150, San Francisco, CA 94111 USA
| | - Pamela M. Ling
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
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Lyu JC, Afolabi A, White JS, Ling PM. Perceptions and Aspirations Toward Peer Mentoring in Social Media-Based Electronic Cigarette Cessation Interventions for Adolescents and Young Adults: Focus Group Study. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e42538. [PMID: 36454628 PMCID: PMC9756117 DOI: 10.2196/42538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media offer a promising channel to deliver e-cigarette cessation interventions to adolescents and young adults (AYAs); however, interventions delivered on social media face challenges of low participant retention and decreased engagement over time. Peer mentoring has the potential to ameliorate these challenges. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to understand, from both the mentee and potential mentor perspective, the needs, expectations, and concerns of AYAs regarding peer mentoring to inform the development of social media-based peer mentoring interventions for e-cigarette cessation among AYAs. METHODS Seven focus groups, including four mentee groups and three potential mentor groups, were conducted with 26 AYAs who had prior experience with e-cigarette use and attempts to quit in the context of a social media-based e-cigarette cessation intervention. Discussion focused on preferred characteristics of peer mentors, expectations about peer mentoring, mentoring mode, mentor training, incentives for peer mentors, preferred social media platforms for intervention delivery, supervision, and concerns. Focus group transcripts were coded and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. RESULTS Overall, participants were receptive to peer mentoring in social media-based cessation interventions and believed they could be helpful in assisting e-cigarette cessation. Participants identified the most important characteristics of peer mentors to be of similar age and to be abstinent from e-cigarette use. Participants expected peer mentors would share personal experiences, provide emotional support, and send check-ins and reminders. Peer mentors supporting a group of mentees in combination with one-on-one mentoring as needed was the preferred mentoring mode. A group of 10 mentees with a mentor:mentee ratio of 1:3-5 was deemed acceptable for most participants. Participants expressed that mentor training should include emotional intelligence, communication skills, and the scientific evidence about e-cigarettes. Although monetary incentives were not the main motivating factor for being a peer mentor, they were viewed as a good way to compensate mentors' time. Instagram was considered an appropriate social media platform to deliver a peer-mentored intervention due to its functionality. Participants did not express many privacy concerns about social media-based peer mentoring, but mentioned that boundaries and community agreements should be set to keep relationships professional. CONCLUSIONS This study reflects the needs and preferences of young people for a peer mentoring intervention to complement a social media program to support e-cigarette cessation. The next step will be to establish the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of such a peer mentoring program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Chen Lyu
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Aliyyat Afolabi
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Justin S White
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Philip R Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Pamela M Ling
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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García-Méndez C, García-Padilla FM, Romero-Martín M, Sosa-Cordobés E, Domínguez-Pérez MDM, Robles-Romero JM. Social networks: A quality tool for health dissemination? JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2022; 11:355. [PMID: 36618459 PMCID: PMC9818683 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_355_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social networks are integrated in our lives and, amongst other functions, they are a means of dissemination. There are numerous social network accounts dedicated to health that could be used as an educational resource. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of accounts dedicated to health in different social networks, assessing their content and didactic and technological effectiveness and accessibility. MATERIALS AND METHODS Observational cross-sectional descriptive study in which an analysis of social networks related to health was carried out from April to June 2021 in Spain. Twenty-eight accounts were analysed using a mixed qualitative-quantitative methodology. Content analysis of the speeches disseminated through the selected accounts was performed. In addition, the quality of the accounts was assessed with the Instrumento de Evaluación de Recursos Educativos Digitales (#IE_RED) (Digital Educational Resources Evaluation Instrument [#IE_RED]). RESULTS Four categories were identified according to the content: student-focused profiles, specific professionals' profiles, current health issues and profiles promoting a healthy lifestyle. In addition, the quality of the accounts obtained a score that indicates they meet the requirements to be validated as a good educational digital resource but could be improved. Instagram social network accounts and those managed by nurses scored significantly higher. CONCLUSIONS The analysed accounts were revealed as a quality tool for health dissemination, with varied content and applicable to teaching. Their use could be applied both to the training of health professionals and to the promotion of the population's health.
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Hadiyani W, Nambiar N, Said FBM. Effectiveness of Digital Media-base on Smoking Cessation Program toward Empowerment among Adolescent in Indonesia. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.11102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is a critical need for effective health education techniques for smoking cessation in adolescents. The use of digital media is a promising strategy to address adolescent health.
AIM: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of digital media-base on smoking cessation programs toward empowerment among adolescents in Indonesia.
METHODS: This was a quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-instruments employing the youth group member survey. Quantitative data were evaluated using the Mann–Whitney U-test to examine changes in participants’ degree of adolescent empowerment toward smoking cessation between the control and intervention groups.
RESULTS: A total of 170 adolescent smokers agreed to join this study, with 85 participants in each group. There is a significant difference in adolescent empowerment between the control group and the intervention group, as shown by p < 0.05.
CONCLUSION: Digital media-based smoking cessation programs are promising techniques (with potential benefits) for increasing adolescent empowerment. The future studies should employ more rigorous procedures and a larger sample size to support this finding.
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Azevedo D, Plácido AI, Herdeiro MT, Roque F, Roque V. How Portuguese Health Entities Used Social Media to Face the Public Health Emergency during COVID-19 Disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11942. [PMID: 36231239 PMCID: PMC9564587 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191911942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, social media became an important and easily accessible source of information to keep the population informed. In this study, we explored how Portuguese health entities used social media during the public health emergency caused by COVID-19 disease. METHODS A retrospective study on Portuguese public health entities' communication with the public using social media platforms was performed. Data were retrieved from Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. All retrieved posts were analyzed, and the engagement of the public was calculated. A thematic analysis of all COVID-19-related posts was conducted. RESULTS The analysis of each social media platform revealed that during the COVID-19 pandemic, health entities reinforced their presence on social media platforms. The most published posts were related to "epidemiological context" and "encouragement to take actions" to avoid the spread of COVID-19. High engagement frames were not associated with the most frequently published posts. CONCLUSIONS Although health entities have reinforced their presence on social media platforms, they do not take full advantage of these platforms to improve health literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Azevedo
- Research Unit for Inland Development, Polytechnic of Guarda (UDI-IPG), 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Plácido
- Research Unit for Inland Development, Polytechnic of Guarda (UDI-IPG), 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Herdeiro
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Fátima Roque
- Research Unit for Inland Development, Polytechnic of Guarda (UDI-IPG), 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
- Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Vítor Roque
- Research Unit for Inland Development, Polytechnic of Guarda (UDI-IPG), 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
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Gupta R, Mohanty V, Balappanavar AY, Chahar P, Rijhwani K, Bhatia S. Infodemiology for oral health and disease: A scoping review. Health Info Libr J 2022; 39:207-224. [PMID: 36046959 DOI: 10.1111/hir.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Increasing affordability, accessibility and penetration of internet services worldwide, have substantially changed the ways of gathering health-related information. This has led to the origin of concept infodemiology that allows the information to be collected and analysed in near real time. Globally, oral diseases affect nearly 3.5 billion people; thus, volume and profile of oral health searches would help in understanding specific community dental needs and formulation of pertinent oral health strategies. AIM To review the published literature on infodemiological aspects of oral health and disease. METHODOLOGY This scoping review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Electronic search engines (Google Scholar) and databases (PubMed, Web of science, Scopus) were searched from 2002 onwards. RESULTS Thirty-eight articles were included in this review. The infodemiological studies for oral health and disease were mainly used in two domains. Out of 38 articles, 24 accessed the quality of available online information and 15 studied online oral health-related information seeking behaviour. CONCLUSION The most commonly searched oral diseases were toothache, oral cancer, dental caries, periodontal disease, oral maxillofacial surgical procedures and paediatric oral diseases. Most of the studies belonged to developed countries and Google was the most researched search engine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Gupta
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vikrant Mohanty
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Aswini Y Balappanavar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Puneet Chahar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kavita Rijhwani
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sonal Bhatia
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Watti J, Millner M, Siklósi K, Kiss H, Kelemen O, Pócs D. Smokers' Engagement Behavior on Facebook: Verbalizing and Visual Expressing the Smoking Cessation Process. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9983. [PMID: 36011617 PMCID: PMC9408543 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The "processes of change" and "motivational language" are common in smoker Facebook users' comments under smoking cessation support contents. Smokers can combine this verbalization of the smoking cessation process with visual expression when they use comments and Facebook reactions at the same time. The aim of this study was to understand the relationship between processes of change, motivational language, and the Facebook reaction buttons. A total of 821 smokers' comments were analyzed in the current study (n = 821), which responded to image-based smoking cessation support contents. The processes of change and the motivational language used in the investigated comments were identified. These linguistic categories were compared with the usage of reaction buttons. The Facebook users who used the "Haha" reaction button wrote a significantly higher proportion of sustain talk than those who used the "Like" or "Love" reaction buttons. The Facebook users who combined the comment and "Love" reaction wrote significantly more change talk than those who did not utilize these buttons. We suggest that the "Haha" reaction may be a negative indicator, the "Like" reaction may be a neutral indicator, and the "Love" reaction may be a positive engagement indicator in terms of the smoking cessation process during Facebook-based interventions. These results may highlight how to evaluate Facebook reactions relating to smoking cessation support contents.
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Englund A, Sharman S, Tas B, Strang J. Could COVID expand the future of addiction research? Long-term implications in the pandemic era. Addiction 2022; 117:2135-2140. [PMID: 35038780 PMCID: PMC9542788 DOI: 10.1111/add.15790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted face-to-face research. This has propelled ideas and plans for more remote styles of research and provided new perspectives on conducting research. This paper aimed to identify challenges specific to conducting remote forms of experimental addiction research, although some of these challenges apply to all types of addiction research. ARGUMENT The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to important lessons for future addiction research. Although remote research has been conducted for decades, little experimental research has been performed remotely. To do so require a new perspective on what research questions we can ask and could also enable preferential capture of those who may be more reluctant to engage in research based in clinical settings. There may, however, be crucial factors that will compromise this process. We illustrate our argument with three real-world, ongoing case studies centred on gambling behaviour, opioid overdose, and cannabinoid psychopharmacology. We highlight the obstacles to overcome to enable more remote methods of study. CONCLUSIONS The future of experimental research and, more generally, addiction research, will be shaped by the pandemic and may result in advantages, such as reaching different populations and conducting addiction research in more naturalistic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Englund
- National Addiction Centre, Addictions DepartmentInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceLondonUK
| | - Stephen Sharman
- National Addiction Centre, Addictions DepartmentInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceLondonUK
| | - Basak Tas
- National Addiction Centre, Addictions DepartmentInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceLondonUK
| | - John Strang
- National Addiction Centre, Addictions DepartmentInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceLondonUK
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SIMINOFF LAURAA, CHANSIRI KARIKARN, ALOLOD GERARD, GARDINER HEATHERM. Culturally Tailored and Community-Based Social Media Intervention to Promote Organ Donation Awareness among Asian Americans: "Heart of Gold". JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2022; 27:450-459. [PMID: 36062983 PMCID: PMC10576892 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2022.2119445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Organ donation disparities among ethnic minorities have persisted for decades, especially among Asian Americans (AAs). AAs represent a substantial proportion of the national transplant waitlist but have historically had the lowest organ donation rate in the United States. Community based and culturally tailored (CBCT) interventions are needed to increase donor designation within AA communities. In collaboration with local AA organizations and representatives and national partners, we developed a culturally and linguistically tailored video using a family appeal to promote donor designation among AAs. The video was distributed on social media platforms in two stages from February 17 to September 17, 2021 and tracked Reaches, Impressions, Views, and Engagements as part of a larger evaluation. The results revealed higher social media activities and engagements on Facebook than on Instagram with and without paid advertisements, although the paid approach yielded 5 to 16 times higher viewer engagement. Over six months, the video reached 36,845 AAs and gained 53,308 Impressions, 20,139 Views, 2,455 Engagements, and 232 visits to the organ donation registration page. The findings indicated Facebook and CBCT approaches as effective communication strategies to potentially raise AAs' organ donation awareness, especially among AA females over 45 years of age. Implications and limitations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- LAURA A. SIMINOFF
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - KARIKARN CHANSIRI
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - GERARD ALOLOD
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - HEATHER M. GARDINER
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Heavey L, Wright R, Ryan M, Murphy E, Blake M, Cloney B, Kavanagh P, Doyle F. Mixed methods evaluation of the ‘real-world’ implementation of group-based behavioral stop smoking support through Facebook. Tob Prev Cessat 2022; 8:24. [PMID: 35811784 PMCID: PMC9218812 DOI: 10.18332/tpc/149910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While promising evidence from trials of social-media-based stop smoking support informs service-planning, there is a need for more prospective, observational studies of smoking cessation interventions to build ‘real-world’ evidence. Specifically, user experiences have been under-explored with qualitative methods to date. This mixed-method evaluation of a closed Facebook group-based behavioral stop smoking support program, which was conducted in Ireland in 2018, aimed to address these issues. METHODS Pre- and post-program surveys measured smoking abstinence (self-reported 7-day point prevalence), changes in smoking attitudes and behavior, and participant experiences. Engagement with Facebook was measured through counting ‘likes’ and comments, and was used to categorize groups as ‘more active’ and ‘less active’ over a 12-week period of support. Thematic content analysis of semi-structured participant interviews explored program experience in depth. RESULTS In total, 13 of 52 participants reported smoking abstinence post-program (25.0%, 95% CI: 14.0–39.0). Participant engagement with Facebook was variable and decreased over the program. Membership of a ‘more active’ group was associated with better reported participant experience (e.g. 90.9% agreeing ‘Facebook group helped me to quit or reduce smoking’, versus 33.3% in the ‘less active’ group, p<0.05). Qualitative analysis identified three over-arching themes: importance of social interactions; perception of health information; and appeal of online support. CONCLUSIONS Facebook can be used to deliver group-based behavioral stop smoking support in the real world. In Ireland, the one-month post-program abstinence outcomes achieved by other stop smoking services is approximately 50%, and while the outcomes for this service was lower (25%), it is still better than outcomes estimated for unassisted quitting. Engagement and peer-to-peer interactivity should be maximized to support positive participant experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Heavey
- Department of Public Health Medicine, HSE Midlands, Tullamore, Ireland
| | | | | | - Edward Murphy
- HSE Tobacco Free Ireland Programme, EET Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Martina Blake
- HSE Tobacco Free Ireland Programme, Strategic Planning and Transformation, HSE Oak House, Nass, Ireland
| | | | - Paul Kavanagh
- HSE Tobacco Free Ireland Programme, Strategic Planning and Transformation, HSE Oak House, Nass, Ireland
- Royal College of Surgeons, Division of Population Health Sciences, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Frank Doyle
- Royal College of Surgeons, Division of Population Health Sciences, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
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Jake-Schoffman DE, Carrera Seoane M, Cooper K, Rajoria M, McVay MA. Engaging adults with obesity in organic online communities to support weight loss: a mixed methods pilot study. Psychol Health 2022:1-20. [PMID: 35726546 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2087073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Organic online communities have shown potential for aiding weight loss, but few adults use them. We sought to test strategies to encourage adults to select and engage in online communities for weight loss. DESIGN 4-week single-arm, mixed-methods pilot. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Quantitative and qualitative data on selection of online community, engagement with community, and engagement and satisfaction with tasks. RESULTS On average, participants (n = 25) were female (80.0%) and white (68.0%), 45.2 ± 18.1 years old, with a BMI of 36.2 ± 6.5 kg/m2. Selection of online community varied across participants (13 MyFitnessPal, 5 Facebook, 5 Reddit). In qualitative analyses, reasons for selection included experience with community, privacy considerations, and seeking people similar to them. Most tasks were fully or partially completed by a majority of participants (>80.0%). For most tasks, ∼50% of participants felt the task helped them with weight loss support. Variability in response was observed, especially between tasks that requested reading compared to posting/commenting in the community. Frequent reading of community content throughout the study was reported by >70.0% of participants, though posting/commenting was less frequent. Barriers to further engagement included concerns about privacy, judgement, and misinformation. CONCLUSIONS This study provides insights about strategies for engaging individuals in online health communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle E Jake-Schoffman
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Montserrat Carrera Seoane
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kellie Cooper
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Melinda Rajoria
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Megan A McVay
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Lee A, Chang AA, Lyu JC, Ling PM, Hsia SL. Characterizing Participant Perceptions about Smoking-Cessation Pharmacotherapy and E-Cigarettes from Facebook Smoking-Cessation Support Groups. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:7314. [PMID: 35742557 PMCID: PMC9224383 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of smoking among young adults aged 19-28 years old in the United States persists at rates of 14.3%. Young adults underutilize pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation, and the use of e-cigarettes has increased. We analyzed comments from online smoking-cessation support groups to understand young-adult smokers' views of pharmacotherapy and e-cigarettes, to provide a more in-depth insight into the underutilization of pharmacotherapy. A qualitative analysis was performed on comments about pharmacotherapy and e-cigarettes from participants enrolled in online smoking-cessation support groups in 2016-2020. A codebook was developed with a deductive approach to code the comments, followed by thematic analysis. Eighteen themes were identified, with four dominant themes: interest, benefit, knowledge, and flavor. Participants expressed less interest in both nicotine-replacement therapy and e-cigarettes; moreover, they expressed unfamiliarity with and misconceptions about pharmacotherapy, and recognized the enticing flavors of e-cigarettes. Participants often felt e-cigarettes were not useful for smoking cessation, but the flavors of e-cigarettes were appealing for use. Participants had mixed opinions about the use of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation, but predominantly felt e-cigarettes were not useful for smoking cessation. The use of social media may be an effective way to address misconceptions about pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation and increase willingness to accept assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Lee
- School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (A.L.); (A.A.C.)
| | - Angela A. Chang
- School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (A.L.); (A.A.C.)
| | - Joanne Chen Lyu
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (J.C.L.); (P.M.L.)
| | - Pamela M. Ling
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (J.C.L.); (P.M.L.)
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Stephanie L. Hsia
- School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (A.L.); (A.A.C.)
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Miller CA, Jung Kim S, Schwartz-Bloom RD, Bloom PN, Murphy SK, Fuemmeler BF. Informing women about the risks of exposing babies to tobacco smoke: outreach and education efforts using Facebook "boost posts". Transl Behav Med 2022; 12:714-720. [PMID: 35532323 PMCID: PMC9154290 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibab158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal smoking is associated with a host of negative health outcomes, including an increased risk of children developing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study evaluated the efficacy of health messages disseminated through Facebook Ads focused on reducing tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy. Two message versions were promoted via post advertisements on Facebook-a static infographic and a video containing an animated version of the infographic. The reach of and engagement with each message version was evaluated. Comments made to the posts were assessed using content analysis. The infographic reached approximately 60,000 people and the video reached about 16,000 people. The average costs were $10.00 and $40.00 per 1,000 people reached for the infographic- and video-based posts, respectively. While there was no engagement with the video, the infographic was liked (n = 157), given alternative likes (n = 59), shared (n = 171 to 341), and commented on (n = 221). About one-quarter of comments contained a personal narrative and mentions of health history related to ADHD and/or smoking. Comments were more often negative (than positive) (16.6% vs 3.9%) and expressed skepticism more often than message acceptance (21.5% vs 12.2%). Facebook users were more responsive to the infographic (compared to the video) and static posts were a preferred channel (i.e., higher engagement at a lower cost) to disseminate messages when using the boost post feature on Facebook for health education. Our review of the comments provided insights into message acceptance and guidance for future social media-based health message campaigns. However, it is not known whether and if so, how, these findings on message exposure would correlate with behavioral intentions or changes in behavior, such as intentions to quit smoking or smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie A Miller
- Department of Health Behavior & Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Sunny Jung Kim
- Department of Health Behavior & Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | | | - Paul N Bloom
- Duke Innovation & Entrepreneurship Initiative, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Susan K Murphy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Bernard F Fuemmeler
- Department of Health Behavior & Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
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Seiler J, Libby TE, Jackson E, Lingappa JR, Evans WD. Social Media–Based Interventions for Health Behavior Change in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e31889. [PMID: 35436220 PMCID: PMC9052020 DOI: 10.2196/31889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the wealth of evidence regarding effective health behavior change techniques using digital interventions to focus on residents of high-income countries, there is limited information of a similar nature for low- and middle-income countries. Objective The aim of this review is to identify and describe the available literature on effective social media–based behavior change interventions within low- and middle-income countries. Methods This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the 2009 PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. We searched PubMed, Embase, Elsevier, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and Global Index Medicus, and the final search was conducted on April 6, 2021. We excluded studies published before 2000 because of the subject matter. We included studies that evaluated interventions conducted at least partly on a social media platform. Results We identified 1832 studies, of which 108 (5.89%) passed title-abstract review and were evaluated by full-text review. In all, 30.6% (33/108) were included in the final analysis. Although 22 studies concluded that the social media intervention was effective, only 13 quantified the level of social media engagement, of which, few used theory (n=8) or a conceptual model (n=5) of behavior change. Conclusions We identified gaps in the settings of interventions, types and sectors of interventions, length of follow-up, evaluation techniques, use of theoretical and conceptual models, and discussions of the privacy implications of social media use. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42020223572; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=223572
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie Seiler
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Tanya E Libby
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Emahlea Jackson
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - J R Lingappa
- Departments of Global Health, Medicine, and Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - W D Evans
- Departments of Prevention and Community Health & Global Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
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Zou J, Sun T, Song X, Liu YM, Lei F, Chen MM, Chen Z, Zhang P, Ji YX, Zhang XJ, She ZG, Cai J, Luo Y, Wang P, Li H. Distributions and trends of the global burden of COPD attributable to risk factors by SDI, age, and sex from 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis of GBD 2019 data. Respir Res 2022; 23:90. [PMID: 35410227 PMCID: PMC8996417 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02011-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Global distributions and trends of the risk-attributable burdens of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have rarely been systematically explored. To guide the formulation of targeted and accurate strategies for the management of COPD, we analyzed COPD burdens attributable to known risk factors. Methods Using detailed COPD data from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019, we analyzed disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and deaths attributable to each risk factor from 1990 to 2019. Additionally, we calculated estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) during the study period. The population attributable fraction (PAF) and summary exposure value (SEV) of each risk factor are also presented. Results From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized DALY and death rates of COPD attributable to smoking and household air pollution, occupational particles, secondhand smoke, and low temperature presented consistently declining trends in almost all socio-demographic index (SDI) regions. However, the decline in YLD was not as dramatic as that of the death rate. In contrast, the COPD burden attributable to ambient particulate matter, ozone, and high temperature exposure showed undesirable increasing trends in the low- and low-middle-SDI regions. In addition, the age-standardized DALY and death rates attributable to each risk factor except household air pollution and low temperature were the highest in the low-middle-SDI region. In 2019, the COPD burden attributable to smoking ambient particulate matter, ozone, occupational particles, low and high temperature was obviously greater in males than in females. Meanwhile, the most important risk factors for female varied across regions (low- and low-middle-SDI regions: household air pollution; middle-SDI region: ambient particles; high-middle- and high-SDI region: smoking). Conclusions Increasing trends of COPD burden attributable to ambient particulate matter, ozone, and high temperature exposure in the low-middle- and low-SDI regions call for an urgent need to implement specific and effective measures. Moreover, considering the gender differences in COPD burdens attributable to some risk factors such as ambient particulate matter and ozone with similar SEV, further research on biological differences between sexes in COPD and relevant policy-making of disease prevention are required. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-022-02011-y.
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Luo T, Li MS, Williams D, Fritz J, Beiter K, Phillippi S, Yu Q, Kantrow S, Lin WT, Kao YH, Chen Y, Chen L, Tseng TS. A WeChat-based smoking cessation intervention for Chinese smokers: A pilot study. Internet Interv 2022; 28:100511. [PMID: 35646606 PMCID: PMC9136339 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2022.100511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background China is the largest tobacco producer and has the highest number of tobacco consumers in the world. Extensive research has demonstrated the utility of social media for smoking cessation. WeChat is the most commonly used social media platform in China, but has not yet been utilized for smoking cessation interventions. The objectives of this study are (1) to evaluate the efficacy of a WeChat-based smoking cessation intervention; and (2) to examine a possible additive effect of integrating oral health and smoking-related information into a tailored, Transtheoretical Model (TTM) guided smoking cessation intervention. Methods Eligible adults were recruited through WeChat from July 1 to August 6, 2019, to participate in a 3-arm, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial. We enrolled and randomized 403 participants into three groups: the Standard Group, Enhanced Group, or a Waitlist-Control Group. Participants in the Standard Group received 20 smoking cessation-related messages for 2 weeks; participants in the Enhanced Group received this same protocol plus 6 oral health-related messages over an additional week. Participants in the Control Group received smoking cessation-related messages, after the post-intervention assessment. The primary outcome was TTM Stage of Change, and the secondary outcomes were 7-day Point Prevalence Abstinence (PPA), 24-h PPA, daily cigarette use, and nicotine dependence at 4 weeks follow-up post intervention, comparing intervention groups with the control group. The overall program attrition rate was 46%. Paired t-tests, McNemar tests, and linear and logistic regression were used to examine differences in smoking cessation outcomes within and between groups. Results Participants in the Enhanced Group (β = -1.28, 95%CI: -2.13, -0.44) and the Standard Group (β = -1.13, 95%CI: -1.95, -0.30) reported larger changes in nicotine dependence scores, compared to participants in the Waitlist Group. No statistically significant differences were found between the Enhanced Group and the Standard Group. Discussion This WeChat-based intervention was effective for smoking cessation overall. The addition of oral health information did not significantly improve the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Luo
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92122, USA
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Mirandy S. Li
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Donna Williams
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92122, USA
| | - Jackson Fritz
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Kaylin Beiter
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Stephen Phillippi
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Qingzhao Yu
- Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Stephen Kantrow
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Wei-Ting Lin
- Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health & Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Yu-Hsiang Kao
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Yongchun Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Liwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 900095, USA
| | - Tung-Sung Tseng
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
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Almoddahi D, Machuca Vargas C, Sabbah W. Association of dental caries with use of internet and social media among 12 and 15-year-olds. Acta Odontol Scand 2022; 80:125-130. [PMID: 34265227 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2021.1951349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association of dental caries with use of internet and social media to gain information on oral health and to evaluate the impact of this practice on oral health inequalities among 12 and 15-year-olds. METHODS Data from the Children's Dental Health Survey (CDHS) 2013, England Wales and Northern Ireland were used. The survey included sociodemographic, health behaviours, use of internet and social media, and clinical dental data. The association between the prevalence of caries experience (DMFT ≥ 1) and the number of untreated dental decay with use of internet and social media was assessed adjusting for age, gender, country, deprivation, toothbrushing, dental visits and consumption of sugary drinks and food. RESULTS A total of 4414 children were included in the analysis. Children who reported using internet and social media to gain information on oral health had significantly higher odds for caries experience (1.29, 95%CI: 1.03-1.62) in the model adjusting for age, gender and country. After adjusting for behavioural and socioeconomic factors the relationship remained positive, but not statistically significant. The use of internet and social media was not significantly associated with the number of untreated caries. Social gradients in oral health remained significant after adjusting for use of internet and social media. CONCLUSIONS The association between use of internet and social media, and dental caries could be mediated by health behaviours. Younger adults and children may be using the Internet and social media seeking information on dental caries, but longer online hours may also increase the caries risk. Internet-based health interventions should be supported by preventive strategies to promote effective and positive internet use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deena Almoddahi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Carolina Machuca Vargas
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
- University of Portsmouth Dental Academy, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Wael Sabbah
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
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McKeon G, Papadopoulos E, Firth J, Joshi R, Teasdale S, Newby J, Rosenbaum S. Social media interventions targeting exercise and diet behaviours in people with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs): A systematic review. Internet Interv 2022; 27:100497. [PMID: 35198409 PMCID: PMC8841579 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2022.100497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death globally. Promoting physical activity and healthy eating is essential to help manage the NCD burden and reduce mortality. Social media may be a potential platform for delivering and scaling health promotion initiatives. In this systematic review, we aimed to examine i) the feasibility and acceptability of social media interventions targeting physical activity and/or diet for people with NCDs, ii) the effectiveness of improving exercise and diet behaviours, iii) specific design components used to promote user engagement and iv) the effectiveness on other health outcomes. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, Google Scholar, CINAHL, EMBASE, and SPORTDiscus from inception until June 2021. Social media interventions targeting physical activity and/or diet were included. Participants were any age, with a diagnosis of one of the following categories of NCDs; cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease, diabetes or mental illness. Interventions using social media alone or as part of an intervention with other modes of delivery were included. Eligible study designs were randomised controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomised controlled trials, feasibility or pilot studies, or quasi-experimental studies. RESULTS A total of 2358 publications were identified. After removal of duplicates, 2233 publication titles and abstracts were screened, and 10 publications were eligible, describing 8 individual studies. The study designs included five RCTs and three pilot or feasibility studies, all published between 2016 and 2020. Sample sizes ranged from n = 11 to n = 312. Half of the studies were conducted in the United States of America. Clinical populations included severe mental illness (2 studies), cardiovascular disease (2 studies), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2 studies), cancer (1 study) and Type 2 diabetes (1 study). Facebook (three studies) and WeChat (three studies) were the most used social media platforms. The majority utilised social media to deliver health education and facilitate social support and all studies reported >70% retention. Four of the five included RCTS reported significant improvements in exercise behaviours (e.g., step count, exercise capacity) while diet was only assessed in two studies and results were non-significant. CONCLUSIONS Social media interventions appear to be feasible and acceptable among specific NCD populations and preliminary evidence suggests interventions they may be effective for improving exercise behaviours. The evidence for diet behaviours remains unclear. While overall there is an emerging evidence base, more rigorous evaluation including replication studies are needed to determine the efficacy of social media interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace McKeon
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Medicine and Health, UNSW, Australia
| | - Emelia Papadopoulos
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Medicine and Health, UNSW, Australia
| | - Joseph Firth
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Rohina Joshi
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Health Systems Science, The George Institute for Global Health India, New Delhi, India
| | - Scott Teasdale
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Medicine and Health, UNSW, Australia
- Mindgardens Neuroscience Network, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jill Newby
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Black Dog Institute, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Medicine and Health, UNSW, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Medicine and Health, UNSW, Australia
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Gunasekeran D, Chew AMK, Chandrasekar E, Rajendram P, Kandarpa V, Rajendram M, Chia A, Smith H, Leong CK. The impact and applications of social media platforms for public health responses before and during COVID-19. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e33680. [PMID: 35129456 PMCID: PMC9004624 DOI: 10.2196/33680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social media platforms have numerous potential benefits and drawbacks on public health, which have been described in the literature. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed our limited knowledge regarding the potential health impact of these platforms, which have been detrimental to public health responses in many regions. Objective This review aims to highlight a brief history of social media in health care and report its potential negative and positive public health impacts, which have been characterized in the literature. Methods We searched electronic bibliographic databases including PubMed, including Medline and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Xplore, from December 10, 2015, to December 10, 2020. We screened the title and abstracts and selected relevant reports for review of full text and reference lists. These were analyzed thematically and consolidated into applications of social media platforms for public health. Results The positive and negative impact of social media platforms on public health are catalogued on the basis of recent research in this report. These findings are discussed in the context of improving future public health responses and incorporating other emerging digital technology domains such as artificial intelligence. However, there is a need for more research with pragmatic methodology that evaluates the impact of specific digital interventions to inform future health policy. Conclusions Recent research has highlighted the potential negative impact of social media platforms on population health, as well as potentially useful applications for public health communication, monitoring, and predictions. More research is needed to objectively investigate measures to mitigate against its negative impact while harnessing effective applications for the benefit of public health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mallika Rajendram
- National University of Singapore (NUS), 10 Medical Drive, Singapore, SG
| | - Audrey Chia
- National University of Singapore (NUS), 10 Medical Drive, Singapore, SG
| | - Helen Smith
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine), Singapore, SG
| | - Choon Kit Leong
- National University of Singapore (NUS), 10 Medical Drive, Singapore, SG.,Mission Medical Clinic, Singapore, SG
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Farsi D, Martinez-Menchaca HR, Ahmed M, Farsi N. Social Media and Health Care (Part II): Narrative Review of Social Media Use by Patients. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e30379. [PMID: 34994706 PMCID: PMC8783277 DOI: 10.2196/30379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People are now connected in a borderless web-based world. The modern public, especially the younger generation, relies heavily on the internet as the main source of health-related information. In health care, patients can use social media for more tailored uses such as telemedicine, finding a provider, and for peer support. Objective The aim of this narrative review is to discuss how social media has been used in the health care industry from the perspective of patients and describe the main issues surrounding its use in health care. Methods Between March and June 2020, a review of the literature was conducted on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science for English studies that were published since 2007 and discussed the use of social media in health care. In addition to only English publications that discussed the use of social media by patients, publications pertaining to ethical and legal considerations in the use of social media were included. The studies were then categorized as health information, telemedicine, finding a health care provider, peer support and sharing experiences, and influencing positive health behavior. In addition, two more sections were added to the review: issues pertaining to social media use in health care and ethical considerations. Results Initially, 75 studies were included. As the study proceeded, more studies were included, and a total of 91 studies were reviewed, complemented by 1 textbook chapter and 13 web references. Approximately half of the studies were reviews. The first study was published in 2009, and the last was published in 2021, with more than half of the studies published in the last 5 years. The studies were mostly from the United States (n=40), followed by Europe (n=13), and the least from India (n=1). WhatsApp or WeChat was the most investigated social media platform. Conclusions Social media can be used by the public and patients to improve their health and knowledge. However, due diligence must be practiced to assess the credibility of the information obtained and its source. Health care providers, patients, and the public need not forget the risks associated with the use of social media. The limitations and shortcomings of the use of social media by patients should be understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deema Farsi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hector R Martinez-Menchaca
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | | | - Nada Farsi
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Suwanwong C, Kalapat R, Pitayarangsarit S, Chaiyasong S. Factors Related to Adolescent Smoking: A Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Study in Thailand. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.7453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to explore the individual, familial, and social factors associated with different smoking status in Thai adolescents from the 2017 Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol Drinking Behavior Survey (CSAD)
Methods: The nationally representative sample of 6046 adolescents aged 15-19 years who took part in the 2017 CSAD in Thailand. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the associations between the individual, familial, and social factors and different smoking status.
Results: The daily smoking and occasional smoking was 6.4% and 3.3%, respectively. Gender, alcohol use, substance use, attitudes toward smoking, exposure to secondhand smoke at home, anti-smoking social media campaign, and graphic warning labels were related to both daily and occasional smoking. Daily smoking was associated with exposure to secondhand smoke at school, restaurant, and public transport, and exposure to tobacco advertising.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that smoking prevention intervention should particularly focus on these factors and also need to develop the anti-smoking policies for smoking prevention among adolescents.
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Kutok ER, Doria N, Dunsiger S, Patena JV, Nugent NR, Riese A, Rosen RK, Ranney ML. Feasibility and Cost of Using Instagram to Recruit Adolescents to a Remote Intervention. J Adolesc Health 2021; 69:838-846. [PMID: 34059428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to describe the feasibility, cost-effectiveness, and generalizability of a strategy for recruiting adolescents into research studies through social media. METHODS We designed and tested six Instagram advertisements (ads) with a combination of Instagram campaign objectives (Traffic vs. Reach) and types of placement (Story vs. Feed). The goal was to obtain remote assent and screen for a larger remote behavioral intervention study. The eligibility criteria for screening were being aged 13-17 years, residing in the United States, and English-speaking. The eligibility for the larger study was past year cybervictimization and smartphone ownership. A target sample was 80 participants, randomly assigned to a control or intervention group and followed up for 16 weeks. Recruitment rates and cost-per-enrolled participant with different advertising strategies, demographics, and retention were examined using descriptive statistics. RESULTS The six ads were run over 907.5 hours, generating 1,069,747 impressions, 2,051 click-throughs, and 663 completed screening surveys. Of 493 eligible participants, 24.4% assented to participate, 69.4% completed enrollment, and 4.8% dropped/withdrew after randomization. Average advertising costs were $52/participant; the lowest-cost strategy (Traffic campaign + Feed ad placement) was $19/enrolled participant. The study sample was largely white (81.3%), non-Hispanic (87.5%), and female (77.5%) with an average age of 15.33 years. Nearly half of the participants were identified as lesbian, gay, or bisexual. More than 96% of participants were retained at the 16-week follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Instagram can be a feasible and cost-effective way to recruit adolescents for a remote study. This method may be ideal for recruiting hard-to-reach audiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Kutok
- Brown-Lifespan Center For Digital Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Nicole Doria
- Dalhousie University, School of Health and Human Performance, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Shira Dunsiger
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - John V Patena
- Brown-Lifespan Center For Digital Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Nicole R Nugent
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Alison Riese
- Department Pediatrics and Medial Science, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; Rhode Island Hospital, Hasbro Children's Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Rochelle K Rosen
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island; Center For Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Megan L Ranney
- Brown-Lifespan Center For Digital Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; Department of Emergency Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
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Merkin A, Nikolaev A, Nikoforov I, Komarov A, Glover M. Trends in tobacco smoking and smoking cessation in Russia with a focus on Indigenous populations: A narrative review. GLOBAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2021; 3:100043. [PMID: 37635728 PMCID: PMC10446109 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloepi.2020.100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tobacco smoking is one of the main preventable causes of illness and premature death. Globally, more than 7 million people die annually from diseases associated with smoking, and this number is projected to increase to 8 million per year by 2030. Wide disparities in smoking prevalence exist by gender, age, socioeconomic status, rurality and ethnicity. In several countries, smoking is disproportionately high among the Indigenous populations. Objective This review assesses the prevalence and harm of smoking and current trends in smoking cessation among the diverse multi-ethnic populations of Russia, with a particular emphasis on Indigenous populations. Data sources We systematically searched health, nursing, social science and grey literature databases and bibliographies for relevant studies. Search strings combined keywords related to smoking prevalence and smoking cessation with keywords related to Russia and the Indigenous populations of Russia. Study selection Studies were included if they were published between 1 January 2005 and 14 October 2020, and if they reported prevalence of tobacco smoking and/or activities and outcomes of a smoking cessation programme or ban in the Russian Federation. Conclusions Tobacco smoking is significant in the entire Russian population, a higher prevalence of smoking in Indigenous populations compared to the dominant Russian (Slavic) ethnic group is common. Smoking prevalence data for most of the Indigenous ethnic groups of Russia remains unclear. Tobacco control interventions for Indigenous groups are underdeveloped even though they have the potential to deliver proportionately greater reduction in smoking harm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alexander Komarov
- National Centre for Development of Social Support and Rehabilitation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marewa Glover
- Centre of Research Excellence: Indigenous Sovereignty & Smoking, Auckland, New Zealand
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Implementation of a WeChat-Based Smoking Cessation Program for Chinese Smokers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111189. [PMID: 34769707 PMCID: PMC8583318 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Although smoking prevalence has recently declined, the smoking prevalence in China remains high. Extensive research has demonstrated ways that social media can assist in quitting smoking. WeChat is the most commonly used social media platform in China but has not been used for smoking cessation. A process evaluation of a novel WeChat-based smoking cessation intervention was conducted to measure its efficacy of content delivery, participant satisfaction, engagement, and likelihood of recommendation to others. Methods: A three-week, three-arm, single-blind randomized control trial was established. WeChat was used to recruit 403 participants and to deliver intervention messages and process evaluation surveys to them. Recruitment advertisements were posted on an official WeChat account and were forwarded to WeChat Moments. Intervention messages were delivered once a day during weekdays, using the WeChat broadcasting messages function, with two messages being sent each time. Process evaluation surveys were organized using Wenjuanwang and were delivered via WeChat. Process assessments were conducted every Friday to assess intervention message receipt, satisfaction level, engagement level, and recommendation to others. The receipt of intervention messages was measured by a self-reported question indicating which messages were read each week. Satisfaction was measured by a five-item Likert scale survey. Engagement was measured by a one-item Likert scale survey. Recommendation to others was measured by one self-reported question. Results: Participants read an average of 4.76 (out of 10), 5.80 (out of 10), and 4.25 (out of 6) messages at week 1, week 2, and week 3, respectively. The second messages were less likely to be read compared to the first messages (52.3% vs. 61.6%, respectively). Moreover, within each single week, the number of participants who read the intervention messages gradually decreases over time. Picture-based intervention messages tended to be less likely to be read than video-based intervention messages. Total program satisfaction scores ranged between 5 and 25, and the overall scores for satisfaction for each week were 21.55, 22.27, and 22.76, respectively. No significant differences were found in all the satisfaction indicators between groups. More than 60% of participants reported being either highly engaged or somewhat engaged each week. In addition, most participants (93.0% at week 1, 95.8% at week 2, and 96.2% at week 3) reported that they were willing to recommend our program to others. Discussion: A WeChat-based smoking cessation intervention for Chinese smokers was implemented and evaluated. For future studies, one should consider sending messages of a higher importance as the first message of a given day. Smokers had a higher rate of reading intervention messages at the beginning part of each week, during which, relatively important messages should be prioritized. One might also consider alternating the topics and formats of the messages for a better engagement of the users in future studies.
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Jiang N, Nguyen N, Siman N, Cleland CM, Nguyen T, Doan HT, Abroms LC, Shelley DR. Adaptation and Assessment of a Text Messaging Smoking Cessation Intervention in Vietnam: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2021; 9:e27478. [PMID: 34623318 PMCID: PMC8538032 DOI: 10.2196/27478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Text message (ie, short message service, SMS) smoking cessation interventions have demonstrated efficacy in high-income countries but are less well studied in low- and middle-income countries, including Vietnam. Objective The goal of the research is to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a fully automated bidirectional SMS cessation intervention adapted for Vietnamese smokers. Methods The study was conducted in 3 phases. In phase 1, we adapted the SMS library from US-based SMS cessation programs (ie, SmokefreeTXT and Text2Quit). The adaptation process consisted of 7 focus groups with 58 smokers to provide data on culturally relevant patterns of tobacco use and assess message preferences. In phase 2, we conducted a single-arm pilot test of the SMS intervention with 40 smokers followed by in-depth interviews with 10 participants to inform additional changes to the SMS library. In phase 3, we conducted a 2-arm pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 100 smokers. Participants received either the SMS program (intervention; n=50) or weekly text assessment on smoking status (control; n=50). The 6-week SMS program consisted of a 2-week prequit period and a 4-week postquit period. Participants received 2 to 4 automated messages per day. The main outcomes were engagement and acceptability which were assessed at 6 weeks (end of intervention). We assessed biochemically confirmed smoking abstinence at 6 weeks and 12 weeks. Postintervention in-depth interviews explored user experiences among a random sample of 16 participants in the intervention arm. Results Participants in both arms reported high levels of engagement and acceptability. Participants reported using the program for an average of 36.4 (SD 3.4) days for the intervention arm and 36.0 (SD 3.9) days for the control arm. Four of the 50 participants in the intervention arm (8%) reset the quit date and 19 (38%) texted the keyword TIPS. The majority of participants in both arms reported that they always or usually read the text messages. Compared to the control arm, a higher proportion of participants in the intervention arm reported being satisfied with the program (98% [49/50] vs 82% [41/50]). Biochemically verified abstinence was higher in the intervention arm at 6 weeks (20% [10/50] vs 2% [1/50]; P=.01), but the effect was not significant at 12 weeks (12% [6/50] vs 6% [3/50]; P=.49). In-depth interviews conducted after the RCT suggested additional modifications to enhance the program including tailoring the timing of messages, adding more opportunities to interact with the program, and placing a greater emphasis on messages that described the harms of smoking. Conclusions The study supported the feasibility and acceptability of an SMS program adapted for Vietnamese smokers. Future studies need to assess whether, with additional modifications, the program is associated with prolonged abstinence. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03219541; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03219541
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- Department of Population Health, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Nam Nguyen
- Institute of Social and Medical Studies, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nina Siman
- Ronald O Perelman Department of Emergency Medicine, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Charles M Cleland
- Department of Population Health, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Trang Nguyen
- Institute of Social and Medical Studies, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hue Thi Doan
- Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Lorien C Abroms
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Donna R Shelley
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, United States
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Isse N, Tachibana Y, Kinoshita M, Fetters MD. Evaluating Outcomes of a Social Media-Based Peer and Clinician-Supported Smoking Cessation Program in Preventing Smoking Relapse: Mixed Methods Case Study. JMIR Form Res 2021; 5:e25883. [PMID: 34542412 PMCID: PMC8491124 DOI: 10.2196/25883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking relapse prevention after completion of a smoking cessation program is highly germane to reducing smoking rates. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the 1-year outcomes of a social media-based and peer and clinician-supported smoking cessation program on Facebook and examine communication patterns that could support smoking cessation and identify risk of relapse. METHODS We used a mixed methods case study evaluation approach featuring a single-case holistic design. We recruited volunteers who signed up after successful completion of a 12-week clinical smoking cessation program in a general medicine department in Japan. Participants contemporaneously accessed a closed Facebook page, and we analyzed their posts including text and emoticons. We used joint display analysis, which involved iterative structuring and restructuring construct-specific tables with both types of data to find the most effective approach for integrating the quantitative results with the qualitative results of content analysis. RESULTS One successful participant and 2 relapsed participants were analyzed to explore the specific patterns of postings prior to relapse. Decisive comments about quitting smoking were common among participants, but encouraging messages for peers were more common from the successful participant. Comments seeking social support and reassurance were warning signs of relapse. Conflicted comments also may be a warning sign of relapse risk. CONCLUSIONS These findings based on a mixed methods case study of a social media platform supporting smoking cessation could be used to guide messaging in other online social networking service communities after a smoking cessation program to help reduce smoking relapse. TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000031172; https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000035595.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohi Isse
- Department of General Medicine, Ako Municipal Hospital, Ako, Japan
| | - Yuki Tachibana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Okinawa Prefectural Yaeyama Hospital, Ishigaki, Japan
| | | | - Michael D Fetters
- Mixed Methods Program and Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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