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Davidović B, Krunić J, Mladenović I, Stojanović N, Hannig M, Vitkov L. Effects of apical periodontitis treatment on hyperglycaemia in diabetes: A prospective cohort study. Int Endod J 2024; 57:1099-1109. [PMID: 38581182 DOI: 10.1111/iej.14068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
AIM This prospective cohort study was undertaken to evaluate the success rate of root canal treatment (RCT) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with targeted level and unachieved targeted level of glycaemic control as well as the impact of RCT on the glucose blood level in T2DM patients. METHODOLOGY Patients needing RCT were divided into three groups: these without T2DM, that is, the control group (CG), those with targeted level of glycated haemoglobin HbA1c < 7% (TL A1c) and the third ones with unachieved targeted level (UTL A1c), that is, with HbA1c ≥ 7%. Before RCT, HbA1c and the periapical index (PAI) score were assessed, as well as 1 year later. RESULTS Our results showed less favourable treatment results of RCT such as a reduction of radiographic lesions in T2DM patients, particularly in subjects with UTL A1c. The intergroup analysis of PAI score at the 12-month follow-up revealed a significant difference in TL A1C (p = .022) and CG (p = .001) with respect to UTL A1c. Total number of healed teeth (PAI≤2) at the 12-month after RCT in UTL A1c was significantly lower in comparison to CG (p = .008). Contrariwise, RCT may improve the glycaemic control in diabetic patients with UTL A1c after 12 months of posttreatment. Regression analysis showed that UTL A1c patients were more likely to have AP persistence after endodontic treatment (OR = 4.788; CI: 1.157-19.816; p = .031). CONCLUSIONS T2DM retards the AP healing and conversely AP contributes to increasing the inflammatory burden in T2DM. RCT reduces the cumulative inflammatory burden in T2DM and thus may contribute to improvement of glycaemic control particularly in patients with UTL A1c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brankica Davidović
- Department of Dental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Jelena Krunić
- Department of Dental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Irena Mladenović
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Nikola Stojanović
- Department of Dental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Ljubomir Vitkov
- Department of Dental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
- Department of Environment & Biodiversity, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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Yaikwawong M, Jansarikit L, Jirawatnotai S, Chuengsamarn S. The Effect of Curcumin on Reducing Atherogenic Risks in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2024; 16:2441. [PMID: 39125322 PMCID: PMC11314193 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, derived from turmeric root, exhibits notable anti-inflammatory effects. These anti-inflammatory properties might also provide advantages in reducing cardiovascular complications, such as atherosclerosis. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of curcumin in reducing the risk of atherogenesis in obese patients with type 2 diabetes. The study employed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial design with 227 participants diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The parameters used to assess atherogenic risk reduction included pulse wave velocity and metabolic profiles, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Measurements were recorded at baseline and at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month intervals. After 12 months, participants receiving curcumin exhibited a significant reduction in pulse wave velocity (p < 0.001). This group showed significantly reduced levels of cardiometabolic risk biomarkers, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, all with p values less than 0.001. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were also significantly lower in the curcumin group, with p values less than 0.001. The curcumin intervention significantly reduced pulse wave velocity and improved cardiometabolic risk profiles. These findings suggest that curcumin treatment may effectively reduce atherogenic risks in type 2 diabetes patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metha Yaikwawong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (M.Y.); (L.J.); (S.J.)
| | - Laddawan Jansarikit
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (M.Y.); (L.J.); (S.J.)
| | - Siwanon Jirawatnotai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (M.Y.); (L.J.); (S.J.)
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Precision Medicine and Systems Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Prathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Somlak Chuengsamarn
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, HRH Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Medical Center, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhon Nayok 26120, Thailand
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Ali M, Hassan M, Ansari SA, Alkahtani HM, Al-Rasheed LS, Ansari SA. Quercetin and Kaempferol as Multi-Targeting Antidiabetic Agents against Mouse Model of Chemically Induced Type 2 Diabetes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:757. [PMID: 38931424 PMCID: PMC11206732 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes, a multifactorial metabolic disorder, demands the discovery of multi-targeting drugs with minimal side effects. This study investigated the multi-targeting antidiabetic potential of quercetin and kaempferol. The druggability and binding affinities of both compounds towards multiple antidiabetic targets were explored using pharmacokinetic and docking software (AutoDock Vina 1.1.2). Our findings showed that quercetin and kaempferol obey Lipinski's rule of five and exhibit desirable ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism excretion, and toxicity) profiles. Both compounds showed higher binding affinities towards C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-1 (IL-1), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-IV), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP), and sodium-glucose co-transporter-1 (SGLT-1) compared to metformin (the positive control). Both quercetin and kaempferol inhibited α-amylase activity (in vitro) up to 20.30 ± 0.49 and 37.43 ± 0.42%, respectively. Their oral supplementation significantly reduced blood glucose levels (p < 0.001), improved lipid profile (p < 0.001), and enhanced total antioxidant status (p < 0.01) in streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA)-induced diabetic mice. Additionally, both compounds significantly inhibited the proliferation of Huh-7 and HepG2 (cancer cells) (p < 0.0001) with no effect on the viability of Vero cell line (non-cancer). In conclusion, quercetin and kaempferol demonstrated higher binding affinities towards multiple targets than metformin. In vitro and in vivo antidiabetic potential along with the anticancer activities of both compounds suggest promise for further development in diabetes management. The combination of both drugs did not show a synergistic effect, possibly due to their same target on the receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan;
| | - Mudassir Hassan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan;
- Department of Biotechnology, Akhuwat Faisalabad Institute of Research Science and Technology Faisalabad (A-FIRST), Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Siddique Akber Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (H.M.A.); (L.S.A.-R.)
| | - Hamad M. Alkahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (H.M.A.); (L.S.A.-R.)
| | - Lamees S. Al-Rasheed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (H.M.A.); (L.S.A.-R.)
| | - Shoeb Anwar Ansari
- Department of Drug Science, Technology University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy;
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4
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Jin Z, Zhang Q, Liu K, Wang S, Yan Y, Zhang B, Zhao L. The association between interleukin family and diabetes mellitus and its complications: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2024; 210:111615. [PMID: 38513987 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate and summarize the association between interleukin (IL) concentrations and diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. METHODS Meta-analyses and eligible individual studies of observational studies investigating the associations between IL and DM and its complications were included. The random-effects model was used to estimate the summary effect, and the heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the Q-statistic and the I2 metric; The Egger's regression and the χ2 test were used to test for small study effects and excess significance bias. RESULTS This overview identified 34 meta-analyses that investigated the association between IL concentrations and DM and its complications. Meta-analyses of prospective studies indicated that elevated circulating IL-6 and IL-1β had predictive value for the incident of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) as well as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and the overall Hazard Ratio (HR) of T2DM was 1.28 (95 % CI: 1.17, 1.40; P<0.001) per 1 log pg/ml increment in IL-6 levels, however, there was no correlation between circulating IL-10 levels and DM. Meanwhile, the increased level of IL-6 was significantly associated several diabetic complications (Diabetic kidney disease[DKD], diabetic peripheral neuropathy[DPN], and cognitive impairment[CI]), and for the diabetic retinopathy (DR), the levels of IL-1β, IL-8 and IL-10 in the aqueous humor and vitreous humor, but not the blood were significantly correlated with it. CONCLUSION Multiple ILs, such as the IL-6 and IL-1β, are definitively linked to DM and its complications, and they may be new targets for the diagnosis and treatment, but stronger evidence needs to be confirmed by prospective studies with larger sample sizes and longer observation periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishan Jin
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Sicheng Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Health Construction Administration Center, Guang' anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Boxun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100105, China.
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Nichols JM, Pham HV, Lee EF, Mahalingam R, Shepherd AJ. Single-cell analysis of age-related changes in leukocytes of diabetic mouse hindpaws. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:146. [PMID: 38502310 PMCID: PMC10951029 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05128-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Complications associated with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy and diabetic foot ulcers, are a growing health-care concern. In addition, this concern increases as diabetic patients age due to their increased susceptibility to complications. To address this growing problem, it is important to understand fluctuations in physiology which lead to pathological changes associated with the metabolic disturbances of diabetes. Our study explores dysregulation of immune cell populations in the hindpaws of healthy and diabetic mice at 12 and 21 weeks of age using single-cell RNA sequencing to provide insight into immune disruptions occurring in the distal limb during chronic diabetes. In 21-week-old Leprdb/db mice, increases were seen in mast cells/basophils, dermal γδ T cells, heterogeneous T cells, and Type 2 innate lymphoid cells. In addition, macrophages represented the largest cluster of immune cells and showed the greatest increase in genes associated with immune-specific pathways. Sub-clustering of macrophages revealed a bias toward angiogenic Lyve1+MHCIIlo macrophages in the hindpaws of 21-week-old diabetic mice, which corresponded to an increase in Lyve1+ macrophages in the hindpaws of 21-week-old diabetic mice on histology. Our results show that in Type 2 diabetes, the immunological function and phenotype of multiple immune cell types shift not only with metabolic disturbance, but also with duration of disease, which may explain the increased susceptibility to pathologies of the distal limb in patients with more chronic diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Nichols
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1055, 6565 MD Anderson Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Hoang Vu Pham
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1055, 6565 MD Anderson Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Eric F Lee
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1055, 6565 MD Anderson Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Rajasekaran Mahalingam
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1055, 6565 MD Anderson Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Andrew J Shepherd
- The MD Anderson Pain Research Consortium and the Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1055, 6565 MD Anderson Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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6
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Abdel-Wahhab KG, Elqattan GM, El-Sahra DG, Hassan LK, Sayed RS, Mannaa FA. Immuno-antioxidative reno-modulatory effectiveness of Echinacea purpurea extract against bifenthrin-induced renal poisoning. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5892. [PMID: 38467789 PMCID: PMC10928203 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56494-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the ameliorative, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and chemical detoxifying activities of Echinacea purpurea ethanolic extract (EEE) against bifenthrin-induced renal injury. Adult male albino rats (160-200 g) were divided into four groups (10 rats each) and orally treated for 30 days as follows: (1) normal control; (2) healthy animals were treated with EEE (465 mg/kg/day) dissolved in water; (3) healthy animals were given bifenthrin (7 mg/kg/day) dissolved in olive oil; (4) animals were orally administered with EEE 1-h prior bifenthrin intoxication. The obtained results revealed that administration of the animals with bifenthrin caused significant elevations of serum values of urea, creatinine, ALAT and ASAT, as well as renal inflammatory (IL-1β, TNF-α & IFN-γ), apoptotic (Caspase-3) and oxidative stress (MDA and NO) markers coupled with a marked drop in the values of renal antioxidant markers (GSH, GPx, and SOD) in compare to those of normal control. Administration of EEE prior to bifenthrin resulted in a considerable amelioration of the mentioned deteriorated parameters near to that of control; moreover, the extract markedly improved the histological architecture of the kidney. In conclusion, Echinacea purpurea ethanolic extract has promising ameliorative, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, renoprotective, and detoxifying efficiencies against bifenthrin-induced renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ghada M Elqattan
- Medical Physiology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Doaa G El-Sahra
- Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Laila K Hassan
- Dairy Department, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Rehab S Sayed
- Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agriculture Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Fathia A Mannaa
- Medical Physiology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt
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Kumar Y, Sundaram S, Yadav D. Current Vaccination Practice in Diabetic (Diabetes I) Patients. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e061023221816. [PMID: 37859318 DOI: 10.2174/0115733998260361230927002739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide prevalence of diabetes, an endocrine condition, is rising quickly. The alarming rise of diabetes in recent years has emerged as a major contributor to premature death and illness among persons of working age. The potential use of immunomodulatory drugs to prevent diabetes has been a source of worry in light of recent advances in our understanding of the role of autoimmune responses in the development of diabetes. Vaccines can work in a variety of ways, including by eliminating autoreactive T-cells or by blocking the connections between immune cells. Most diabetes vaccines that have been created so far have only been evaluated in animal models, with just a small number having undergone successful human trials. In this article, the authors also look at the clinical trial research that are currently being conducted to create a prototype diabetes vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yati Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sonali Sundaram
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepika Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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8
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Marsili F, Potgieter P, Birkill CF. Adaptive Autonomic and Neuroplastic Control in Diabetic Neuropathy: A Narrative Review. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:38-54. [PMID: 38018186 DOI: 10.2174/0115733998253213231031050044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a worldwide socioeconomic burden, and is accompanied by a variety of metabolic disorders, as well as nerve dysfunction referred to as diabetic neuropathy (DN). Despite a tremendous body of research, the pathogenesis of DN remains largely elusive. Currently, two schools of thought exist regarding the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy: a) mitochondrial-induced toxicity, and b) microvascular damage. Both mechanisms signify DN as an intractable disease and, as a consequence, therapeutic approaches treat symptoms with limited efficacy and risk of side effects. OBJECTIVE Here, we propose that the human body exclusively employs mechanisms of adaptation to protect itself during an adverse event. For this purpose, two control systems are defined, namely the autonomic and the neural control systems. The autonomic control system responds via inflammatory and immune responses, while the neural control system regulates neural signaling, via plastic adaptation. Both systems are proposed to regulate a network of temporal and causative connections which unravel the complex nature of diabetic complications. RESULTS A significant result of this approach infers that both systems make DN reversible, thus opening the door to novel therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Potgieter
- Research Department, Algiamed Technologies, Burnaby, Canada
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Gentile AM, Lhamyani S, Mengual-Mesa M, García-Fuentes E, Bermúdez-Silva FJ, Rojo-Martínez G, Clemente-Postigo M, Rodriguez-Cañete A, Olveira G, El Bekay R. MiR-221-3p/222-3p Cluster Expression in Human Adipose Tissue Is Related to Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17449. [PMID: 38139277 PMCID: PMC10744326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The progression of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is intricately linked with adipose tissue (AT) angiogenesis. Despite an established network of microRNAs (miRNAs) regulating AT function, the specific role of angiogenic miRNAs remains less understood. The miR-221/222 cluster has recently emerged as being associated with antiangiogenic activity. However, no studies have explored its role in human AT amidst the concurrent development of obesity and T2D. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association between the miR-221-3p/222-3p cluster in human AT and its regulatory network with obesity and T2D. MiR-221-3p/222-3p and their target gene (TG) expression levels were quantified through qPCR in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) AT from patients (n = 33) categorized based on BMI as normoweight (NW) and obese (OB) and by glycemic status as normoglycemic (NG) and type 2 diabetic (T2D) subjects. In silico analyses of miR-221-3p/222-3p and their TGs were conducted to identify pertinent signaling pathways. The results of a multivariate analysis, considering the simultaneous expression of miR-221-3p and miR-222-3p as dependent variables, revealed statistically significant distinctions when accounting for variables such as tissue depot, obesity, sex, and T2D as independent factors. Furthermore, both miRNAs and their TGs exhibited differential expression patterns based on obesity severity, glycemic status, sex, and type of AT depot. Our in silico analysis indicated that miR-221-3p/222-3p cluster TGs predominantly participate in angiogenesis, WNT signaling, and apoptosis pathways. In conclusion, these findings underscore a promising avenue for future research, emphasizing the miR-221-3p/222-3p cluster and its associated regulatory networks as potential targets for addressing obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana-Mariel Gentile
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
| | - Said Lhamyani
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Mengual-Mesa
- Andalucía Tech, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Systems and Automation Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, Universidad de Málaga, Teatinos Campus, 29071 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Eduardo García-Fuentes
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Bermúdez-Silva
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Rojo-Martínez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Clemente-Postigo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga (IBIMA)-Bionand Platform, 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics, and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Alberto Rodriguez-Cañete
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General, Digestiva y Trasplantes, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Gabriel Olveira
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Rajaa El Bekay
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IBIMA-Plataforma Bionand, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
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Hasan I, Rainsford KD, Ross JS. Salsalate: a pleotropic anti-inflammatory drug in the treatment of diabetes, obesity, and metabolic diseases. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:2781-2797. [PMID: 37758933 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01242-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Type two Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a rising epidemic. Available therapeutic strategies have provided glycaemic control via HbA1c reduction but fail to provide clinically meaningful reduction in microvascular and macrovascular (cardiac, renal, ophthalmological, and neurological) complications. Inflammation is strongly linked to the pathogenesis of T2DM. Underlying inflammatory mechanisms include oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress amyloid deposition in the pancreas, lipotoxicity, and glucotoxicity. Molecular signalling mechanisms in chronic inflammation linked to obesity and diabetes include JANK, NF-kB, and AMPK pathways. These activated pathways lead to a production of various inflammatory cytokines, such as Interleukin (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and C-reactive protein (CRP), which create a chronic low-grade inflammation and ultimately dysregulation of glucose homeostasis in the liver, skeletal muscle, and smooth muscle. Anti-inflammatory agents are being tested as anti-diabetic agents such as the IL-1b antagonist, Anakinra, the IL-1b inhibitor, Canakinuma, the IL-6 antagonists such as Tocilizumab, Rapamycin (Everolimus), and the IKK-beta kinase inhibitor, Salsalate. Salsalate is a century old safe anti-inflammatory drug used in the treatment of arthritis. Long-term safety and efficacy of Salsalate in the treatment of T2DM have been evaluated, which showed improved fasting plasma glucose and reduced HbA1C levels as well as reduced pro-inflammatory markers in T2DM patients. Current publication summarizes the literature review of pathophysiology of role of inflammation in T2DM and clinical efficacy and safety of Salsalate in the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Hasan
- RH Nanopharmaceuticals LLC, 140 Ocean Ave, Monmouth Beach, New Jersey, 07750, USA.
| | - K D Rainsford
- Emeritus Professor of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, BMRC, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK
| | - Joel S Ross
- RH Nanopharmaceuticals LLC, 140 Ocean Ave, Monmouth Beach, New Jersey, 07750, USA
- J & D Pharmaceuticals LLC, Monmouth County, USA
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11
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Jayashree K, Senthilkumar GP, Parameswaran S, Vadivelan M. Association of elevated extracellular HSP72 in albuminuria with systemic inflammation and disease progression in type 2 diabetic kidney disease. Clin Biochem 2023; 121-122:110682. [PMID: 37926404 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2023.110682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sub-clinical inflammation in hyperglycemia is tied to the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Though well known for its immunostimulatory function, the significance of extracellular heat shock protein 72 (eHSP72) in DKD is not well studied. We aimed to determine the association of extracellular HSP72 with systemic inflammation and the progression of DKD, and explore its possible clinical significance in DKD. METHODS 160 type 2 diabetic individuals were enrolled in the study. Their anthropometric data, routine biochemical parameters, urinary renal function parameters, and blood count parameters were estimated. Plasma from patients' blood samples were used to estimate HSP72 and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) using sandwich immunoassays. RESULTS Plasma eHSP72 is elevated in DKD. Pairwise comparisons showed the drastic elevation of eHSP72 in the presence of albuminuria. A significant positive relationship was observed between plasma levels of eHSP72 and IL-1β. eHSP72 levels did not statistically differ between micro and macro-albuminuric DKD. However, it was inversely associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate, the index of disease severity, independent of age, gender, diabetes duration and absolute monocyte count. At a cutoff of 0.52 ng/ml, with sensitivity of 64.1 % and specificity of 69.2 %, plasma eHSP72 differentiated the presence of DKD in type 2 diabetics with statistical significance. CONCLUSION The positive relationship of eHSP72 and IL-1β with worsening DKD likely indicates their participation in immunostimulatory pathways of renal fibrosis. eHSP72 may be closely linked to albuminuria-induced tubular injury and likely contributes to fibrotic changes in the progression of DKD. From our study, we infer the possible clinical significance of eHSP72 as a marker of sub-clinical renal damage in DKD, and the implication of IL-1β-associated mechanisms in DKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuppuswami Jayashree
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | | | - Sreejith Parameswaran
- Department of Nephrology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Mehalingam Vadivelan
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
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12
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Mai N, Hang N, Hanh D, Le H, Hinh N, Ky N, Tuan N, Tong H, Quan D, Toan N. Leptin and interleukin-1β levels associated with osteoarthritis in Vietnamese patients: a cross-sectional analysis. Braz J Med Biol Res 2023; 56:e12746. [PMID: 37703108 PMCID: PMC10496761 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2023e12746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptin and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) are two extensively studied biomarkers associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and osteoarthritis (OA). Previous studies have mostly focused on either MetS or OA alone, with no available data on Vietnamese patients. This study aimed to investigate the levels of leptin and IL-1β in this patient population and explore their association with clinical parameters of MetS and OA. The study included 164 patients with primary knee OA, who were classified into two categories based on the presence of MetS, and 78 healthy controls. The plasma leptin and IL-1β levels were quantified by ELISA and correlated with clinical parameters. Leptin levels were higher in patients with OA (11.50±10.04 ng/mL) than in healthy controls (0.54±0.37 ng/mL) and increased in patients with MetS compared to those without MetS. IL-1β levels were also significantly higher in OA patients (14.63±15.87 pg/mL) than in controls (7.79±5.11 pg/mL), but were not significantly different between the MetS and non-MetS groups. Leptin levels were positively correlated with body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, visual analogue scale scores, HbA1c and insulin levels, and HOMA-IR index, whereas IL-1β levels were only correlated with insulin levels and HOMA-IR index. ROC curve analysis revealed that leptin and IL-1β levels could distinguish individuals with and without OA (AUC=0.96; 0.88, respectively), and individuals with and without MetS (AUC=0.82; 0.71, respectively). Our findings suggested that both leptin and IL-1β levels were associated with both MetS and OA and may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of MetS-related OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- N.T.T. Mai
- Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Pathophysiology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - N.T. Hang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - H.Y. Le
- 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - N.V. Hinh
- 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - N.D. Ky
- Department of Endocrinology, Nghe An Friendship General Hospital, Nghe An, Vietnam
| | - N.M. Tuan
- National Hospital of Endocrinology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - H.V. Tong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Institute of Biomedicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - N.L. Toan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
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13
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Liu J, Zhu X, Liu Y, Jia F, Yuan H, Wang Q, Zhang X, Li Z, Du X, Zhang X. Association between triglyceride glucose index and suicide attempts in patients with first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1231524. [PMID: 37575577 PMCID: PMC10416446 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1231524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index has been suggested as an alternative indicator of insulin resistance (IR); however, the association between TyG index and suicide attempts (SA) in major depressive disorder (MDD) is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between TyG index and SA in Chinese patients with first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) MDD. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 1,718 patients with FEDN MDD aged 34.9 ± 12.4 years from the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University (Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China) from September 2016 to December 2018. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between TyG index and the risk of SA. A two-piecewise linear regression model was used to investigate the threshold effects if non-linearity associations existed. Interaction and stratified analyses were performed based on sex, education, marital status, comorbid anxiety, and psychotic symptoms. Results Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that TyG index was positively associated with the risk of SA after adjusting for confounders (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.04-1.75, p = 0.03). Smoothing plots also showed a nonlinear relationship between TyG index and SA, with the inflection point of TyG index being 9.29. On the right of the inflection point, a positive association between TyG index and SA was detected (OR = 3.47, 95% CI: 1.81 to 6.66, p < 0.001), while no significant association was observed on the left side of the inflection point (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 0.79 to 1.66, p = 0.476). Conclusion The relationship between TyG index and SA risk was non-linear and exhibited a threshold effect in Chinese patients with FEDN MDD. When TyG index was greater than 9.29, they showed a significant positive correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Liu
- Nanjing Meishan Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhu
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Nanjing Meishan Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengnan Jia
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | | | - Qingyuan Wang
- Clinical Medical Department, The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobin Zhang
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiangdong Du
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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14
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Singh H, Khadanga S, Goel SK, Majumder S, Baig MS, Bhatia V, Chaudhary N, Saluja R. Evaluation of interleukin-33 & sST2 levels in type-2 diabetic mellitus patients with or without metabolic syndrome. Indian J Med Res 2023; 157:470-476. [PMID: 37955221 PMCID: PMC10443722 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1444_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by increase in blood glucose levels due to defective insulin secretion or insulin sensitivity. Interleukins (ILs) are known to play an important role in the pathogenesis of DM. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum concentration of IL-33 and its receptor soluble ST2 (sST2) in patients with diabetes and draw a correlation between their serum levels and different standard glycaemic indices of patients affected with type-2 diabetes with or without metabolic syndrome. Methods Thirty type-2 diabetic individuals and 30 healthy controls were recruited for this study. Serum and plasma were separated by centrifugation of blood for quantitative measurement of IL-33, sST2 and other biochemical parameters. Results It was observed that serum IL-33 levels were significantly less and sST2 levels were significantly high in type-2 diabetic individuals as compared to healthy controls. A significant correlation between the serum IL-33 concentration and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) levels were also found. Additionally, data also elucidated that serum levels of high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein or triglyceride in type-2 diabetics did not influence the serum levels of IL-33 and sST2, thereby excluding these factors as the major drivers of changes in serum IL-33 and sST2 concentration. Interpretation & conclusions This study demonstrated alteration in serum levels of IL-33 and sST2 in type-2 diabetic individuals. Further mechanistic studies, focusing on the progression of type-2 diabetes could elucidate the involvement of IL-33 in the cellular acquisition of insulin resistance as observed in type-2 diabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himadri Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sagar Khadanga
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sudhir K. Goel
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Syamantak Majumder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Sciences, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mirza S. Baig
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Bhatia
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Telangana, India
| | - Neha Chaudhary
- Department of Community & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Science, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Rohit Saluja
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Telangana, India
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Nadella H, Bloom AW, Demory Beckler M, Kesselman MM. The Overlap of Diabetes and Osteoarthritis in American Populations. Cureus 2023; 15:e38287. [PMID: 37255905 PMCID: PMC10226284 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a condition in which the body's ability to produce insulin is impaired, and osteoarthritis (OA), a painful degeneration of joint cartilage, are both serious conditions that affect millions of people in the United States (U.S.). Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative condition of the joint cartilage, affecting mainly the older population. The purpose of this paper is to find a connection, if any, between diabetes and osteoarthritis and if either condition can predispose an individual to the other. Not only can this review help to explain the co-existence of these two diseases, but it can also be used to look into a cure for patients in the future. After preliminary searches were done on PubMed, results were narrowed using specific keywords and similar risk factors among the two diseases. It was found that these two conditions are actually interrelated due to oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Seeing the high risk of developing one of these conditions and that obesity, one of the biggest risk factors for both diabetes and osteoarthritis, is at an all-time high in this country, a possible connection between the two of these diseases is very prevalent to look into. This information can be used to help correlate not only a better-targeted treatment but also lead to future research into why obesity is one of the biggest risk factors for both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Nadella
- Rheumatology and Immunology, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
| | - Allan W Bloom
- Internal Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
| | - Michelle Demory Beckler
- Microbiology and Immunology, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Marc M Kesselman
- Rheumatology, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, USA
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16
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Wang T, Xu H, Dong R, Wu S, Guo Y, Wang D. Effectiveness of targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome by using natural polyphenols: A systematic review of implications on health effects. Food Res Int 2023; 165:112567. [PMID: 36869555 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Globally, inflammation and metabolic disorders pose serious public health problems and are major health concerns. It has been shown that natural polyphenols are effective in the treatment of metabolic diseases, including anti-inflammation, anti-diabetes, anti-obesity, neuron-protection, and cardio-protection. NLRP3 inflammasome, which are multiprotein complexes located within the cytosol, play an important role in the innate immune system. However, aberrant activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome were discovered as essential molecular mechanisms in triggering inflammatory processes as well as implicating it in several major metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, atherosclerosis or cardiovascular disease. Recent studies indicate that natural polyphenols can inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In this review, the progress of natural polyphenols preventing inflammation and metabolic disorders via targeting NLRP3 inflammasome is systemically summarized. From the viewpoint of interfering NLRP3 inflammasome activation, the health effects of natural polyphenols are explained. Recent advances in other beneficial effects, clinical trials, and nano-delivery systems for targeting NLRP3 inflammasome are also reviewed. NLRP3 inflammasome is targeted by natural polyphenols to exert multiple health effects, which broadens the understanding of polyphenol mechanisms and provides valuable guidance to new researchers in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Wang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 212000 Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hong Xu
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, 212100 Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ruixia Dong
- College of Horticulture, Jinling Institute of Technology, 211169 Nanjing, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hanzhou, China
| | - Yuanxin Guo
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, 212100 Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Dongxu Wang
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, 212100 Zhenjiang, China.
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Nussrat SW, Ad'hiah AH. Interleukin-39 is a novel cytokine associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and positively correlated with body mass index. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2023; 6:e409. [PMID: 36757903 PMCID: PMC10164431 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is suggested that cytokines play a key role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, this study explored two recently discovered cytokines, interleukin (IL)-37 (anti-inflammatory) and IL-39 (pro-inflammatory), in T2DM due to limited data in this context. METHODS Serum IL-37 and IL-39 levels were determined in 106 T2DM patients and 109 controls using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. RESULTS Serum levels (median and interquartile range) of IL-37 (79 [47-102] vs. 60 [46-89] ng/L; probability [p] = .04) and IL-39 (66 [59-69] vs. 31 [19-42] ng/L; p < .001) were significantly elevated in T2DM patients compared to controls. As indicated by the area under the curve (AUC), IL-39 (AUC = 0.973; p < .001) was more predictable for T2DM than IL-37 (AUC = 0.582; p = .039). Elevated levels of IL-39 were significantly associated with T2DM (odds ratio = 1.30; p < .001), while IL-37 did not show this association. Classification of IL-37 and IL-39 levels by demographic and clinical characteristics of patients revealed some significant differences including gender (IL-39), body mass index (BMI; IL-37 and IL-39) and diabetic neuropathy (IL-39). BMI was positively correlated with IL-39 (correlation coefficient [rs ] = 0.27; p = .005) and glycosylated haemoglobin (rs = 0.31; p = .001), and negatively correlated with age at onset (rs = -0.24; p = .015). CONCLUSIONS IL-37 and IL-39 levels were elevated in the serum of T2DM patients. Besides, IL-39 is proposed to be a novel cytokine associated with T2DM and positively correlated with BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahad W Nussrat
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali H Ad'hiah
- Tropical-Biological Research Unit, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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18
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Wang L, Wu Q, Wang RQ, Wang RZ, Wang J. Protection of leukemia inhibitory factor against high-glucose-induced human retinal endothelial cell dysfunction. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:33-40. [PMID: 32658632 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1792506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the study, we aimed to explore the mechanism of leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) affects hyperglycaemic induced retinopathy by regulating CaMKII-CREB pathway. METHODS Human retinal endothelial cell (HRECs) induced by high glucose to simulate one of the pathogenesis in the diabetic retinopathy (DR) model. After LIF treatment, cell viability was detected by CCK-8 and apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Angiogenesis was detected by in vitro tube formation. The expression levels of inflammatory, angiogenesis related proteins and CaMKII-CREB were detected by western blot. The gene level of angiogenesis was detected by qRT-PCR. HE staining was used to detect pathological changes of retinopathy in diabetic mice after LIF treatment. RESULTS Our results showed that LIF significantly increased hyperglycaemic-induced cell viability and inhibited apoptosis. Western blot results showed that LIF could down-regulate the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. In addition, angiogenesis of HRECs was inhibited by LIF in tubulisation experiments. LIF can down-regulate protein and gene levels of VEGF and HIF-1α via western blot and qRT-PCR. In diabetic mice induced by STZ, LIF could down-regulate the protein level of VEGF, HIF-1α, p-CaMKII and p-CREB, which suggest that LIF could inhibit retinal angiogenesis in diabetic mice. The results of HE staining showed that LIF could alleviate the damage of retinopathy in diabetic mice. CONCLUSION LIF could alleviate the damage of diabetic retinopathy by modulating the CaMKII/CREB signalling pathway to inhibit inflammatory response and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- The 2nd Ward of Ophthalmological, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Visual Optical Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Rui Qi Wang
- The 2nd Ward of Ophthalmological, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Run Ze Wang
- The 2nd Ward of Ophthalmological, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianwen Wang
- The 2nd Ward of Ophthalmological, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Ma J, Liu Y, Valladolid-Acebes I, Recio-López P, Peng G, Li J, Berggren PO, Juntti-Berggren L, Tong N. ATF5 is a regulator of ER stress and β-cell apoptosis in different mouse models of genetic- and diet-induced obesity and diabetes mellitus. Cell Signal 2023; 102:110535. [PMID: 36436799 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is closely associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5) is a member of the ATF/cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) family whose levels are increased upon stress in pancreatic islets from mice. Intriguingly, ATF5 deficiency has been shown to contribute to increased ER stress and apoptosis in mouse islet micro-organs. We hypothesized that either deficiency or overexpression of ATF5 is equally deleterious for pancreatic islets in terms of ER stress and apoptosis. To test this, we used a number of in vitro and in vivo models whereby ATF5 levels were overexpressed. We also determined the regulation of ATF5 in the context of metabolic derangements by using various mouse models of obesity and T2D. Our in vitro results show that ATF5 overexpression promoted palmitic acid (PA)-induced lipotoxic apoptosis. In vivo, global ATF5 overexpression in mice was lethal and pancreas-specific ATF5 overexpressing mice exhibit increased β-cell apoptosis. Interestingly, ATF5 is downregulated in all mouse models of severe obesity and T2D used in the current study. In conclusion, a tight control on ATF5 levels might be considered when developing novel agents targeting ATF5 for prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfang Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Laboratory of Diabetes and Islet Transplantation Research, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Laboratory of Diabetes and Islet Transplantation Research, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ismael Valladolid-Acebes
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital L1, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Patricia Recio-López
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital L1, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Ge Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Laboratory of Diabetes and Islet Transplantation Research, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Endocrinology and metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Laboratory of Diabetes and Islet Transplantation Research, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Per-Olof Berggren
- Department of Endocrinology and metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Laboratory of Diabetes and Islet Transplantation Research, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital L1, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lisa Juntti-Berggren
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital L1, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Nanwei Tong
- Department of Endocrinology and metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Laboratory of Diabetes and Islet Transplantation Research, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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20
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Mohammed DM, Elsayed N, Abou Baker DH, Ahmed KA, Sabry BA. Bioactivity and antidiabetic properties of Malva parviflora L. leaves extract and its nano-formulation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12027. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Dewanjee S, Chakraborty P, Bhattacharya H, Chacko L, Singh B, Chaudhary A, Javvaji K, Pradhan SR, Vallamkondu J, Dey A, Kalra RS, Jha NK, Jha SK, Reddy PH, Kandimalla R. Altered glucose metabolism in Alzheimer's disease: Role of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:134-157. [PMID: 36206930 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that abnormal cerebral glucose metabolism is largely present in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The brain utilizes glucose as its main energy source and a decline in its metabolism directly reflects on brain function. Weighing on recent evidence, here we systematically assessed the aberrant glucose metabolism associated with amyloid beta and phosphorylated tau accumulation in AD brain. Interlink between insulin signaling and AD highlighted the involvement of the IRS/PI3K/Akt/AMPK signaling, and GLUTs in the disease progression. While shedding light on the mitochondrial dysfunction in the defective glucose metabolism, we further assessed functional consequences of AGEs (advanced glycation end products) accumulation, polyol activation, and other contributing factors including terminal respiration, ROS (reactive oxygen species), mitochondrial permeability, PINK1/parkin defects, lysosome-mitochondrial crosstalk, and autophagy/mitophagy. Combined with the classic plaque and tangle pathologies, glucose hypometabolism with acquired insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction potentiate these factors to exacerbate AD pathology. To this end, we further reviewed AD and DM (diabetes mellitus) crosstalk in disease progression. Taken together, the present work discusses the emerging role of altered glucose metabolism, contributing impact of insulin signaling, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the defective cerebral glucose utilization in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Pratik Chakraborty
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Hiranmoy Bhattacharya
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Leena Chacko
- BioAnalytical Lab, Meso Scale Discovery, 1601 Research Blvd, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Birbal Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Regional Station, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Anupama Chaudhary
- Orinin-BioSystems, LE-52, Lotus Road 4, CHD City, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Kalpana Javvaji
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, India
| | | | | | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Rajkumar Singh Kalra
- Immune Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, 9040495, Japan
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, UP, 201310, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, UP, 201310, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Internal Medicine Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Neurology Departments School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, India; Department of Biochemistry, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal, India.
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22
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Kosiakova H, Berdyshev A, Dosenko V, Drevytska T, Herasymenko O, Hula N. The involvement of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in anti-inflammatory activity of N-stearoylethanolamine. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11336. [PMID: 36387464 PMCID: PMC9641209 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background N-stearoylethanolamine (NSE) is a bioactive lipid amine with a wide range of biological activities. Anti-inflammatory properties of NSE were previously confirmed on multiple animal models. However, the molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory action of NSE remain unclear. In the current study, we examined the involvement of nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in the NF-kB –dependent pathway of anti-inflammatory action of NSE using different methodological approaches. Methods Molecular modeling calculated the possibility of NSE binding PPAR. Ex vivo experiment, using selective agonist of PPARα/γ - LY-171883 and antagonist of PPARγ - GW9662, examined the role of PPARα/γ in the NSE’s effect on nuclear NF-kB translocation in LPS-activated rat peritoneal macrophages. Finally, the NSE’s action on mRNA level of PPARγ-dependent genes was studied in the liver of insulin-resistant rats. Results The results of molecular docking showed that NSE could bind to PPARγ and compete for the binding site with antagonist GW9662 and agonist LY-171883. These data was supported by in vitro study where pre-treatment with NSE prevented further LPS-induced NF-kB translocation into the nuclei of rat peritoneal macrophages. NSE treatment before GW9662 and LPS addition normalized the level of NF-kB translocation and IL-1β content. This finding confirmed a competitive binding of NSE with GW9662 for the ligand-binding domain of PPARγ. Additional in vivo study showed that NSE administration changed the mRNA expression of several PPARγ target genes, including SLC27A1 encoding fatty acid transport protein-1 and IL1RN - interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in insulin resistant rats. Conclusion NSE suppressed nuclear translocation of NF-κB in LPS-stimulated peritoneal macrophages via PPARγ and changed hepatic mRNA expression of PPARγ target genes (SLC27A1, IL1RN) in insulin resistant rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Kosiakova
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - A. Berdyshev
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - V. Dosenko
- Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - T. Drevytska
- Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - O. Herasymenko
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Corresponding author.
| | - N. Hula
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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23
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Moon HU, Han SJ, Kim HJ, Chung YS, Kim DJ, Choi YJ. The Positive Association between Muscle Mass and Bone Status Is Conserved in Men with Diabetes: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11185370. [PMID: 36143016 PMCID: PMC9505062 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11185370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone and muscle are known to be correlated and interact chemically each other. Diabetes affects the health status of these two types of organ. There has been lack of studies of men on this topic. This study aims to investigate the relationship between bone and muscle status in men with and without diabetes. This study enrolled 318 and 88 men with and without diabetes, respectively, between April 2007 and December 2017. The appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) was correlated with femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD), total hip BMD, and the trabecular bone score (TBS) in both groups (p < 0.001−0.008). In analysis of the changes in muscle mass and bone-related parameters over the 3 years, the ASMI was correlated with total hip BMD only in diabetes group (p = 0.016) and the TBS in both groups (p < 0.001−0.046). This study showed that the positive correlation between muscle mass and bone status was largely conserved in diabetic group in men. Moreover, in a long-term perspective, muscle mass might be more correlated with the bone microarchitecture or bone quality than bone density, and the association between muscle mass and total hip BMD could be stronger in the diabetic group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dae Jung Kim
- Correspondence: (D.J.K.); (Y.J.C.); Tel.: +82-31-219-5128 (D.J.K.); +82-31-219-4491 (Y.J.C.)
| | - Yong Jun Choi
- Correspondence: (D.J.K.); (Y.J.C.); Tel.: +82-31-219-5128 (D.J.K.); +82-31-219-4491 (Y.J.C.)
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24
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Badr G, Sayed LH, Omar HEDM, ِAbd Elghaffar SK, Menshawy MM. Bee gomogenat rescues lymphoid organs from degeneration by regulating the crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:68990-69007. [PMID: 35554836 PMCID: PMC9508069 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20457-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that causes severe complications in several tissues due to redox imbalances, which in turn cause defective angiogenesis in response to ischemia and activate a number of proinflammatory pathways. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of bee gomogenat (BG) dietary supplementation on the architecture of immune organs in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes (T1D) mouse model. Three animal groups were used: the control non-diabetic, diabetic, and BG-treated diabetic groups. STZ-induced diabetes was associated with increased levels of blood glucose, ROS, and IL-6 and decreased levels of IL-2, IL-7, IL-4, and GSH. Moreover, diabetic mice showed alterations in the expression of autophagy markers (LC3, Beclin-1, and P62) and apoptosis markers (Bcl-2 and Bax) in the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes. Most importantly, the phosphorylation level of AKT (a promoter of cell survival) was significantly decreased, but the expression levels of MCP-1 and HSP-70 (markers of inflammation) were significantly increased in the spleen and lymph nodes in diabetic mice compared to control animals. Interestingly, oral supplementation with BG restored the levels of blood glucose, ROS, IL-6, IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, and GSH in diabetic mice. Treatment with BG significantly abrogated apoptosis and autophagy in lymphoid organs in diabetic mice by restoring the expression levels of LC3, Beclin-1, P62, Bcl-2, and Bax; decreasing inflammatory signals by downregulating the expression of MCP-1 and HSP-70; and promoting cell survival by enhancing the phosphorylation of AKT. Our data were the first to reveal the therapeutic potential of BG on the architecture of lymphoid organs and enhancing the immune system during T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal Badr
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
- Laboratory of Immunology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
| | - Leila H Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
- Laboratory of Immunology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | | | - Sary Khaleel ِAbd Elghaffar
- Pathology and clinical pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Medhat M Menshawy
- Department of Biology, Misr University of Science and Technology, 6th October City, Egypt
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25
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Chellappan DK, Bhandare RR, Shaik AB, Prasad K, Suhaimi NAA, Yap WS, Das A, Banerjee P, Ghosh N, Guith T, Das A, Balakrishnan S, Candasamy M, Mayuren J, Palaniveloo K, Gupta G, Singh SK, Dua K. Vaccine for Diabetes-Where Do We Stand? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169470. [PMID: 36012735 PMCID: PMC9409121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is an endocrinological disorder with a rapidly increasing number of patients globally. Over the last few years, the alarming status of diabetes has become a pivotal factor pertaining to morbidity and mortality among the youth as well as middle-aged people. Current developments in our understanding related to autoimmune responses leading to diabetes have developed a cause for concern in the prospective usage of immunomodulatory agents to prevent diabetes. The mechanism of action of vaccines varies greatly, such as removing autoreactive T cells and inhibiting the interactions between immune cells. Currently, most developed diabetes vaccines have been tested in animal models, while only a few human trials have been completed with positive outcomes. In this review, we investigate the undergoing clinical trial studies for the development of a prototype diabetes vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (D.K.C.); (R.R.B.); Tel.: +60-12-636-1308 (D.K.C.); +971-6-705-6227 (R.R.B.)
| | - Richie R. Bhandare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Ajman University, Al-Jruf, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Al-Jruf, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (D.K.C.); (R.R.B.); Tel.: +60-12-636-1308 (D.K.C.); +971-6-705-6227 (R.R.B.)
| | - Afzal B. Shaik
- St. Mary’s College of Pharmacy, St. Mary’s Group of Institutions Guntur, Chebrolu, Guntur 522212, India
| | - Krishna Prasad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Science Research, Ajman University, Al-Jruf, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Wei Sheng Yap
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Arpita Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata 700126, India
| | - Pradipta Banerjee
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Nandini Ghosh
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Tanner Guith
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | | | - Mayuren Candasamy
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Jayashree Mayuren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Kishneth Palaniveloo
- C302, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur 302017, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T Road, Phagwara 144411, India
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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26
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Ye J, Li L, Wang M, Ma Q, Tian Y, Zhang Q, Liu J, Li B, Zhang B, Liu H, Sun G. Diabetes Mellitus Promotes the Development of Atherosclerosis: The Role of NLRP3. Front Immunol 2022; 13:900254. [PMID: 35844498 PMCID: PMC9277049 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.900254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the main complications of diabetes mellitus, involving a variety of pathogenic factors. Endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress are hallmarks of diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. Although the ability of diabetes to promote atherosclerosis has been demonstrated, a deeper understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms is critical to identifying new targets. NLRP3 plays an important role in both diabetes and atherosclerosis. While the diversity of its activation modes is one of the underlying causes of complex effects in the progression of diabetes and atherosclerosis, it also provides many new insights for targeted interventions in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxue Ye
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lanfang Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuxiao Ma
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiushi Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bengang Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guibo Sun, ; Haitao Liu,
| | - Guibo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guibo Sun, ; Haitao Liu,
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27
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Singh V, Park YJ, Lee G, Unno T, Shin JH. Dietary regulations for microbiota dysbiosis among post-menopausal women with type 2 diabetes. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:9961-9976. [PMID: 35635755 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2076651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and T2D-associated comorbidities, such as obesity, are serious universally prevalent health issues among post-menopausal women. Menopause is an unavoidable condition characterized by the depletion of estrogen, a gonadotropic hormone responsible for secondary sexual characteristics in women. In addition to sexual dimorphism, estrogen also participates in glucose-lipid homeostasis, and estrogen depletion is associated with insulin resistance in the female body. Estrogen level in the gut also regulates the microbiota composition, and even conjugated estrogen is actively metabolized by the estrobolome to maintain insulin levels. Moreover, post-menopausal gut microbiota is different from the pre-menopausal gut microbiota, as it is less diverse and lacks the mucolytic Akkermansia and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producers such as Faecalibacterium and Roseburia. Through various metabolites (SCFAs, secondary bile acid, and serotonin), the gut microbiota plays a significant role in regulating glucose homeostasis, oxidative stress, and T2D-associated pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6). While gut dysbiosis is common among post-menopausal women, dietary interventions such as probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics can ease post-menopausal gut dysbiosis. The objective of this review is to understand the relationship between post-menopausal gut dysbiosis and T2D-associated factors. Additionally, the study also provided dietary recommendations to avoid T2D progression among post-menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Singh
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yeong-Jun Park
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - GyuDae Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Tatsuya Unno
- Department of Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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28
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Association of Interleukin-1 Beta and Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Gene Polymorphisms and Plasma Levels with Diabetic Nephropathy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9661823. [PMID: 35663044 PMCID: PMC9159863 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9661823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective We investigated the relationships between interleukin- (IL-) 1β and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) gene polymorphism and plasma levels in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods The genotype and allele frequency distribution of IL-1β and IL-1Ra in 61 patients with DN and 48 healthy controls (HCs) were determined by kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP), and the plasma concentrations of IL-1β and IL-1Ra in DN patients and HCs were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Results Significant differences were detected in the distribution of IL-1β (−511C/T) genotype and allele frequencies between the DN and HC groups (P < 0.05), with the T genotype being more frequent in DN patients than HCs (OR = 2.84, 95% CI: 1.489–5.416). The IL-1β (+3953C/T) and IL-1Ra (+8006C/T) genotypes and allele frequencies were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). The plasma IL-1β level was significantly higher (P < 0.01), while the plasma IL-1Ra concentration was significantly lower in the DN group than the HC group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the plasma IL-1β level was significantly different between IL-1β (−511C/T) locus variants (P < 0.05). Conclusion The IL-1β (−511C/T) gene polymorphism was significantly associated with DN risk in the population of northern Guangxi, China, and the T allele maybe responsible for genetic susceptibility to DN.
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29
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Masters MC, Yang J, Lake JE, Abraham AG, Kingsley L, Brown TT, Palella FJ, Erlandson KM. Diabetes mellitus is associated with declines in physical function among men with and without HIV. AIDS 2022; 36:637-646. [PMID: 34999609 PMCID: PMC8957604 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the longitudinal relationships between abnormal glucose metabolism and physical function in persons with HIV (PWH) and without HIV. DESIGN Prospective cohort study of men with or at risk for HIV in four United States cities between 2006 and 2018. METHODS Men with or at risk for HIV from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) had semi-annual assessments of glycemic status, grip strength, and gait speed. We used linear mixed models with random intercept to assess associations between glycemic status and physical function. Glycemic status was categorized as normal, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), controlled diabetes mellitus [hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) <7.5%], or uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (HbA1C ≥ 7.5%). RESULTS Of 2240 men, 52% were PWH. Diabetes mellitus was similar among PWH (7.7%) vs. persons without HIV (6.7%, P = 0.36) at baseline. PWH had slower gait speed (1.17 vs. 1.20 m/s, P < 0.01) but similar grip strength (40.1 vs. 39.8 kg, P = 0.76) compared with persons without HIV at baseline. In multivariate models, gait speed decline was greater with controlled diabetes mellitus [-0.018 m/s (-0.032 to -0.005), P = 0.01] and grip strength decline was greater with controlled [-0.560 kg (-1.096 to -0.024), P = 0.04] and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus [-0.937 kg (-1.684 to -0.190), P = 0.01), regardless of HIV serostatus compared with normoglycemic individuals. DISCUSSION Abnormal glucose metabolism was associated with declines in gait speed and grip strength regardless of HIV serostatus. These data suggest that improvement in glucose control should be investigated as an intervenable target to prevent progression of physical function limitations among PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Masters
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jingyan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Heath, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Jordan E Lake
- Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas, Houston, Texas
| | - Alison G Abraham
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
- Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lawrence Kingsley
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Todd T Brown
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Frank J Palella
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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30
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Ungurianu A, Zanfirescu A, Grădinaru D, Ionescu-Tîrgoviște C, Dănciulescu Miulescu R, Margină D. Interleukins and redox impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus: mini-review and pilot study. Curr Med Res Opin 2022; 38:511-522. [PMID: 35067142 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2022.2033049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents a leading cause of morbidity and premature mortality, low-grade inflammation being acknowledged as a key contributor to its development and progression. A tailored therapeutic approach, based on sensitive and specific biomarkers, could allow a more accurate analysis of disease susceptibility/prognostic and of the response to treatment. OBJECTIVES This mini-review and pilot study had two main goals: (1) reviewing the most recent literature encompassing the use of interleukins as inflammatory markers influenced by the redox imbalances in T2DM and (2) assessing parameters that conjunctly evaluate the redox impairment and inflammatory burden of T2DM patients, taking into consideration smoking status, as such group-specific biomarkers are scarcely reported in literature. METHODS Firstly, PubMed database was surveyed to select and review the relevant studies employing interleukins as T2DM biomarkers and to assess if studies using combined inflammatory-redox indices were reported. Then, routine biochemical parameters were assessed in a pilot study -T2DM patients with 3 subgroups: non-smokers, smokers and ex-smokers, were compared to a control group of non-diabetic, apparently healthy non-smokers. Protein (AOPPs, AGEs), lipid/HDL (Amplex Red-based method) oxidative damage and inflammatory status (CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10) biomarkers were assessed. Cytokine ratios and 2 oxidative-inflammatory status indices were developed (IH1 and IH2) and evaluated. RESULTS We observed significant differences in terms of serum redox and inflammatory status (AOPPs, AGEs, CRP, CRP/HDL, CRP/IL-6, IL-10/IL-6, IH1) between T2DM patients compared to control and, moreover, between the subgroups formed considering smoking status (CRP, CRP/HDL, IH1). Glycemic control strongly influenced inflammatory status biomarkers: glycemia was positively correlated with the inflammatory parameters (CRP/IL-10) and inversely with the anti-inflammatory ones (IL-10, IL-10/IL-1β ratio). CONCLUSIONS Several of the assessed parameters may possess prognostic value for diabetics, especially when comparing subgroups with a different smoking history and could prove useful in clinical practice for assessing disease progress and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Ungurianu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Zanfirescu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela Grădinaru
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Rucsandra Dănciulescu Miulescu
- N. Paulescu National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Denisa Margină
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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El-Demerdash FM, Talaat Y, El-Sayed RA, Kang W, Ghanem NF. Hepatoprotective Effect of Actinidia deliciosa against Streptozotocin-Induced Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Inflammations in Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1499510. [PMID: 35345832 PMCID: PMC8957427 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1499510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The present research intended to assess the possible protective and hypoglycemic effect of Actinidia deliciosa fruit aqueous extract (ADAE) in diabetic rats. The scavenging antioxidant capabilities of ADAE were evaluated using GC-MS analysis. In addition, rats were divided into four groups: control, ADAE, streptozotocin-induced DM (STZ), and STZ-treated rats + ADAE in an in vivo investigation. GC-MS analysis of ADAE was shown to include major components with high total phenolic contents and high DPPH scavenging activity. In diabetic rats, significant elevation in blood glucose level, lipid peroxidation, bilirubin, and lactate dehydrogenase activity as well as a change in lipid profile was observed, while insulin, body and liver weights, enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants, liver function biomarkers, and protein content were significantly decreased. Furthermore, changes in the expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-γ), apoptotic, and inflammation-related genes were found. In addition, histological differences in rat liver tissue architecture were discovered, corroborating the biochemical modifications. However, consuming ADAE alone reduced lipid peroxidation and improved antioxidant status. Furthermore, diabetic rats given ADAE showed significant reductions in oxidative stress indicators and biochemical parameters, as well as improved tissue structure, when compared to the diabetic rats' group. Also, ADAE supplementation protects diabetic rats' hepatic tissue by upregulating PPAR-γ and downregulating apoptotic and inflammatory-related gene expression. In conclusion, A. deliciosa has beneficial protective effects so, it might be used as a complementary therapy in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M. El-Demerdash
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Yousra Talaat
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Raghda A. El-Sayed
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Wenyi Kang
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Nora F. Ghanem
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr ElSheikh, Egypt
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Basnet R, Bahadur T, Basnet BB, Khadka S. Overview on thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP): a potential target for diabetes intervention. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:761-767. [PMID: 35240955 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220303092324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disorder characterized by a persistent increment of blood glucose. Type 2 DM is characterized by insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is among the factors that control the production and loss of pancreatic β-cells. OBJECTIVE Recent studies have shown that high glucose can significantly up-regulate the expression of the TXNIP. Overexpression of TXNIP in β-cells not only induced apoptosis but also decreased the production of insulin. At the same time, TXNIP deficiency protected the apoptosis of β-cells, leading to increased insulin production. Therefore, finding small molecules that can modulate TXNIP expression and downstream signalling pathways is essential. Thus, the inhibition of TXNIP has beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system and other tissues such as the heart and the kidney in DM. Therefore, DM treatment must target small TXNIP activity, inhibit expression, and promote endogenous cell mass and insulin production. CONCLUSION This review briefly describes the effect mechanism, regulatory mechanism, and crystal structure of TXNIP. In addition, we highlight how TXNIP signalling networks contribute to diabetes and interact with drugs that inhibit the development often and its complexes. Finally, the current status and prospects of TXNIP targeted therapy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Basnet
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Til Bahadur
- Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Buddha Bahadur Basnet
- Faculty of Science, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Government of Nepal, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Sandhya Khadka
- Department of Pharmacy, Hope International College, Purbanchal University, Lalitpur, Nepal
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ArefNezhad R, Motedayyen H, Roghani-Shahraki H. Do cytokines associate periodontitis with metabolic disorders? An overview of current documents. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2022; 22:778-786. [PMID: 35043774 DOI: 10.2174/1871530322666220119112026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an oral chronic inflammatory condition affecting the adult population worldwide. Many microorganisms act as an initiator for induction of inflammatory immune responses, which participate in the destruction of connective tissue surrounding the teeth and thereby result in tooth loss. Cytokines may have indispensable roles in its pathogenesis through enhancing inflammatory and immune responses. Cytokines can affect functions of some cells of different tissues, such as the cells of the pancreas, liver, and adipose tissues. There is evidence that periodontitis is associated with metabolic disorders, like liver cirrhosis, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. Hence, this review was focused on determining how cytokines can participate in the correlation of periodontitis with metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza ArefNezhad
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Motedayyen
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Alfadul H, Sabico S, Al-Daghri NM. The role of interleukin-1β in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:901616. [PMID: 35966098 PMCID: PMC9363617 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.901616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial non-communicable disease that is characterized by insulin resistance and chronic sub-clinical inflammation. Among the emerging inflammatory markers observed to be associated with β-cell damage is interleukin 1β (IL1β), a proinflammatory cytokine that modulates important metabolic processes including insulin secretion and β-cell apoptosis. The present systematic review and meta-analysis gathers available evidence on the emerging role of IL1β in T2DM. PubMed and Embase were searched for human studies that assessed 1L1β in T2DM individuals from 2016-2021. Thirteen studies (N=2680; T2DM=1182, controls=1498) out of 523 were included in the systematic review and only 3 studies in the meta-analysis. Assays were the most commonly used quantification method and lipopolysaccharides as the most common stimulator for IL1β upregulation. Random and fixed effects meta-analysis showed non-significant mean differences of IL1β concentrations between the T2DM and controls. Given the high heterogeneity and small subset of studies included, caution is advised in the interpretation of results. The present systematic review and meta-analysis highlights the limited evidence available that could implicate 1L1β as a potent biomarker for T2DM. Standardization of 1L1β assays with larger sample sizes are encouraged in future observational and prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend Alfadul
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaun Sabico
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Nasser M. Al-Daghri,
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Chai KC, Chen WM, Chen M, Shia BC, Wu SY. Association between Preexisting Sarcopenia and Stroke in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:936-944. [PMID: 36259582 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1846-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This propensity score-matched population-based cohort study compared stroke risk between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without preexisting sarcopenia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database for the period from January 2008 to December 2019. We recruited patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and categorized them into two groups at a ratio of 1:1 on the basis of diagnosed sarcopenia. The matching variables were age, sex, income level, urbanization level, diabetes severity (adapted Diabetes Complications Severity Index [aDCSI Scores]), Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), other comorbidities associated with stroke, smoking status, medication use, and types of antidiabetic medications. The matching process yielded a final cohort of 104,120 patients (52,060 and 52,060 in the sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia groups, respectively) who were eligible for inclusion in subsequent analyses. RESULTS In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR; 95% CI) of stroke for the sarcopenia diabetes group compared with the control group was 1.13 (1.10, 1.16; P < 0.001), after controlling for age, sex, CCI, and aDCSI scores. The incidence rates of stroke for the sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia groups were 295.98 and 260.68 per 10,000 person-years, respectively. The significant IRR (95% CI) of stroke was 1.14 (1.09, 1.17) for the sarcopenia diabetes group compared with the nonsarcopenic diabetes group. CONCLUSION Preexisting sarcopenia increased the risk of stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-C Chai
- Szu-Yuan Wu, MD, MPH, PhD., Associate Professor, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan,
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Tamimou R, Lumbroso S, Mouzat K, Lopez-Castroman J. Genetic variations related to inflammation in suicidal ideation and behavior: A systematic review. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1003034. [PMID: 36325529 PMCID: PMC9621324 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1003034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Immune-inflammatory changes have been found in all types of suicidal ideation and behavior (SIB), independently of associated mental disorders. Since several Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) affect the function of inflammation-related genes, we searched the literature for genetic variations potentially altering inflammatory processes in SIB. METHODS We included studies that looked for associations between SIB and SNPs in genes related to inflammatory processes. Case reports, literature reviews, and animal studies were excluded. Articles were retrieved from PubMed and PsycINFO databases, Google Scholar and GreySource Index until September 17th, 2022. Quality was assessed using Q-Genie. RESULTS We analyzed 32 studies. SIB has been associated with eighteen SNPs located in genes encoding for interleukin-8 (rs4073), C-reactive protein (rs1130864), tumor necrosis factor α (rs1800629, rs361525, and rs1099724), tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (rs1061622), transforming growth factor β-1 (rs1982073), acid phosphatase 1 (rs7419262, rs300774), interleukin-10 (rs1800896), interferon γ (rs2430561), amino-carboxy muconate semialdehyde decarboxylase (rs2121337), interleukin 7 (rs10448044, rs10448042), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (rs755622), interleukin 1-α (rs1800587), and interleukin 1-β (rs1143634 and rs16944. A genome-wide association study reported one association at the threshold of significance with the rs300774 SNP, located in the 2p25 region containing ACP1 gene. DISCUSSION The studies included were methodologically and clinically diverse and of moderate quality. Their findings suggest that some inflammation-related SNPs could increase the likelihood of SIB but the evidence to date is insufficient. Further research using gene-gene (GxG) and gene-environment (GxE) approaches is warranted. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk], identifier [CRD42022296310].
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabah Tamimou
- Department of Psychiatry, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France.,Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nimes University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Nimes, France.,Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, University of Montpellier, CNRS-INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Serge Lumbroso
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nimes University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Nimes, France
| | - Kevin Mouzat
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nimes University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Nimes, France
| | - Jorge Lopez-Castroman
- Department of Psychiatry, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France.,Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, University of Montpellier, CNRS-INSERM, Montpellier, France.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain
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Legiawati L. The Role of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Advanced Glycation End Product in Skin Manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e200921196637. [PMID: 34544349 DOI: 10.2174/1573399817666210920102318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder caused by an increase in insulin resistance, a decrease in insulin production, or both of them, resulting in a high level of blood glucose or hyperglycemia. An uncontrolled state of DM may cause complications, namely skin disorder. One or more skin disorders are found amongst 74% of T2DM patients, with the highest percentage is dry skin (47%), followed by infection (10%), diabetic hand (5%), hair loss and diabetic dermopathy (each 4%). In DM, the state of hyperglycemia and production of advanced glycaemic end-products (AGEs) profoundly impact skin changes. In the pathological pathway, AGEs induce oxidative stress and inflammation. Nonetheless, AGEs level is higher in T2DM patients compared to non- T2DM people. This is caused by hyperglycemia and oxidative stress. Binding between AGEs and receptor of AGEs (RAGE) promotes pathway of oxidative stress and inflammation cascade via mitogen- activated protein kinases (MAPK), nuclear factor-k-light-chain-enhancer of activated β cells (NF-kβ), interleukin- 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 2 (VCAM-2) pathway which furtherly effectuates DM complication including skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Legiawati
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital Jakarta, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
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Li N, Fu L, Li Z, Ke Y, Wang Y, Wu J, Yu J. The Role of Immune Microenvironment in Maxillofacial Bone Homeostasis. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.780973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maxillofacial bone defects are common medical problems caused by congenital defects, necrosis, trauma, tumor, inflammation, and fractures non-union. Maxillofacial bone defects often need bone graft, which has many difficulties, such as limited autogenous bone supply and donor site morbidity. Bone tissue engineering is a promising strategy to overcome the above-mentioned problems. Osteoimmunology is the inter-discipline that focuses on the relationship between the skeletal and immune systems. The immune microenvironment plays a crucial role in bone healing, tissue repair and regeneration in maxillofacial region. Recent studies have revealed the vital role of immune microenvironment and bone homeostasis. In this study, we analyzed the complex interaction between immune microenvironment and bone regeneration process in oral and maxillofacial region, which will be important to improve the clinical outcome of the bone injury treatment.
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Ates KM, Estes AJ, Liu Y. Potential underlying genetic associations between keratoconus and diabetes mellitus. ADVANCES IN OPHTHALMOLOGY PRACTICE AND RESEARCH 2021; 1:100005. [PMID: 34746916 PMCID: PMC8570550 DOI: 10.1016/j.aopr.2021.100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Keratoconus (KC) is the most common ectatic corneal disease, characterized by significantly localized thinning of the corneal stroma. Genetic, environmental, hormonal, and metabolic factors contribute to the pathogenesis of KC. Additionally, multiple comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus, may affect the risk of KC. Main Body Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have been reported to have lower risk of developing KC by way of increased endogenous collagen crosslinking in response to chronic hyperglycemia. However, this remains a debated topic as other studies have suggested either a positive association or no association between DM and KC. To gain further insight into the underlying genetic components of these two diseases, we reviewed candidate genes associated with KC and central corneal thickness in the literature. We then explored how these genes may be regulated similarly or differentially under hyperglycemic conditions and the role they play in the systemic complications associated with DM. Conclusion Our comprehensive review of potential genetic factors underlying KC and DM provides a direction for future studies to further determine the genetic etiology of KC and how it is influenced by systemic diseases such as diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M. Ates
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Amy J. Estes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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Targeting Inflammatory Cytokines to Improve Type 2 Diabetes Control. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:7297419. [PMID: 34557550 PMCID: PMC8455209 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7297419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the most common chronic metabolic disorders in adulthood worldwide, whose pathophysiology includes an abnormal immune response accompanied by cytokine dysregulation and inflammation. As the T2D-related inflammation and its progression were associated with the balance between pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, anticytokine treatments might represent an additional therapeutic option for T2D patients. This review focuses on existing evidence for antihyperglycemic properties of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and anticytokine agents (anti-TNF-α, anti-interleukin-(IL-) 6, -IL-1, -IL-17, -IL-23, etc.). Emphasis is placed on their molecular mechanisms and on the biological rationale for clinical use. Finally, we briefly summarize the results from experimental model studies and promising clinical trials about the potential of anticytokine therapies in T2D, discussing the effects of these drugs on systemic and islet inflammation, beta-cell function, insulin secretion, and insulin sensitivity.
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The role of microneedle arrays in drug delivery and patient monitoring to prevent diabetes induced fibrosis. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 175:113825. [PMID: 34111467 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes affects approximately 450 million adults globally. If not effectively managed, chronic hyperglycaemia causes tissue damage that can develop into fibrosis. Fibrosis leads to end-organ complications, failure of organ systems occurs, which can ultimately cause death. One strategy to tackle end-organ complications is to maintain normoglycaemia. Conventionally, insulin is administered subcutaneously. Whilst effective, this delivery route shows several limitations, including pain. The transdermal route is a favourable alternative. Microneedle (MN) arrays are minimally invasive and painless devices that can enhance transdermal drug delivery. Convincing evidence is provided on MN-mediated insulin delivery. MN arrays can also be used as a diagnostic tool and monitor glucose levels. Furthermore, sophisticated MN array-based systems that integrate glucose monitoring and drug delivery into a single device have been designed. Therefore, MN technology has potential to revolutionise diabetes management. This review describes the current applications of MN technology for diabetes management and how these could prevent diabetes induced fibrosis.
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Zheng Y, Liu Y, Li H, Wang X, Zhang M, Shen X, Cheng H, Xu J, Wang X, Liu H, Ding Z, Zhao X. Novel insights into the immune regulatory effects of Megalobrama amblycephala intelectin on the phagocytosis and killing activity of macrophages. Mol Immunol 2021; 137:145-154. [PMID: 34247100 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have found that the expression level of Megalobrama amblycephala intelectin (MaINTL) increased significantly post Aeromonas hydrophila infection, and recombinant MaINTL (rMaINTL) protein could activate macrophages and enhance the phagocytosis and killing activity of macrophages. In order to reveal the immune regulatory mechanisms of MaINTL, primary M. amblycephala macrophages were treated with endotoxin-removed rMaINTL and GST-tag proteins, then total RNA were extracted and used for comparative Digital Gene Expression Profiling (DGE). 1247 differentially expressed genes were identified by comparing rMaINTL and GST-tag treated macrophage groups, including 482 up-regulated unigenes and 765 down-regulated unigenes. In addition, eleven randomly selected differentially expressed genes were verified by qRT-PCR, and most of them shared the similar expression patterns as that of DGE results. GO enrichment revealed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly concentrated in the membrane part and cytoskeleton of cellular component, the binding and signal transducer activity of molecular function, the cellular process, regulation of biological process, signaling and localization of biological process, most of which might related with the phagocytosis and killing activity of macrophages. KEGG analysis revealed the activation and involvement of differentially expressed genes in immune related pathways, such as Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, Interleukin 17 (IL-17) signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and NOD like receptor signaling pathway, etc. In these pathways, TNF-ɑ, Activator protein-1 (AP-1), Myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 (MyD88), NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (ikBɑ) and other key signaling factors were significantly up-regulated. These results will be helpful to clarify the immune regulatory mechanisms of fish intelectin on macrophages, thus providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of fish bacterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yancui Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Hongping Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Minying Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Hanliang Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Jianhe Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Xingqiang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Hong Liu
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhujin Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
| | - Xiaoheng Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
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Immunotherapy in AML: a brief review on emerging strategies. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 23:2431-2447. [PMID: 34160771 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02662-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the most common form of leukemia amongst adults, is one of the most important hematological malignancies. Epidemiological data show both high incidence rates and low survival rates, especially in secondary cases among adults. Although classic and novel chemotherapeutic approaches have extensively improved disease prognosis and survival, the need for more personalized and target-specific methods with less side effects have been inevitable. Therefore, immunotherapeutic methods are of importance. In the following review, primarily a brief understanding of the molecular basis of the disease has been represented. Second, prior to the introduction of immunotherapeutic approaches, the entangled relationship of AML and patient's immune system has been discussed. At last, mechanistic and clinical evidence of each of the immunotherapy approaches have been covered.
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IL-1 β Impaired Diabetic Wound Healing by Regulating MMP-2 and MMP-9 through the p38 Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:6645766. [PMID: 34054346 PMCID: PMC8149221 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6645766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prominent metabolic disorders in the world, and insulin resistance in diabetic patients leads to several complications including increased inflammation and delayed wound healing. Fibroblast migration and reepithelialization play a significant role in wound healing. In this study, we explored the effects of IL-1β signaling on proliferation and migration of human fibroblasts from diabetic wound tissues. We observed elevated levels of IL-1β in samples from diabetic patients when compared to normal wound tissues. At high concentrations, IL-1β inhibited cell proliferation and migration in ex vivo fibroblast cultures. Moreover, expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was upregulated, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) was downregulated in diabetic wound tissues and cells. These effects were regulated by levels of IL-1β. Furthermore, IL-1β induced p38 phosphorylation thereby activating the p38 MAPK pathway that in turn regulated the expression of MMPs and TIMPs. Together, our study identifies a novel mechanism behind delayed wound closure in diabetes mellitus that involves IL-1β-dependent regulation of cell proliferation and migration.
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Pylak-Piwko O, Nieradko-Iwanicka B. Subacute poisoning with bifenthrin increases the level of interleukin 1ß in mice kidneys and livers. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 22:21. [PMID: 33902677 PMCID: PMC8077818 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-021-00490-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bifenthrin is a pyrethroid. Chronic exposure of humans to the pesticide occurs. Reports about immunotoxicity and proinflammatory effect of pyrethroids were published. The aim of the article was to check if subacute poisoning with bifenthrin affects proinflammatory interleukin 1ß and tumor necrosis factorα (TNFα) in kidneys, livers and the function of these organs. Methods Thirty two female mice were used. They were divided into 4 groups: controls, mice receiving 1.61 mg/kg bifenthrin for 28 days (group 1), 4.025 mg/kg (2), 8.05 mg/kg (3). On day 29 they were sacrificed, blood, livers and kidneys were obtained. Creatinine concentration and alanine transaminase (ALT) activity were estimated in the blood sera. Interleukin1ß and TNFα concentrations in the organs were measured. Result Mean interleukin 1ß concentration in the livers of controls was 53 pg/ml, in group 1- 54 pg/ml, 2- 59 pg/ml, 3- 99 pg/ml (p < 0.05 vs controls). It was accompanied by significant increase in ALT activity in group 3 vs controls (p < 0.05). In the control kidneys interleukin 1ß was 3.9 pg/ml, group 1–6.8 pg/ml, 2–9.8 pg/ml and 3- 11 pg/ml. Statistically significant difference between group 1, 2 and 3 vs controls was found. There was no significant differences among the groups in TNFα concentrations neither in the livers nor kidneys. Conclusion Subacute poisoning with bifenthrin significantly increases interleukin 1ß concentration in livers and kidneys in a dose-proportionate level. It is accompanied by ALT activity increase. It confirms nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic and pro-inflammatory effect of bifenthrin in non-target organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oktawia Pylak-Piwko
- Center of Oncology of the Lublin Region St. John from Dukla, Jaczewski Street 7, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Nieradko-Iwanicka
- Chair and Department of Hygiene, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwillowska Street 11, 20-080, Lublin, Poland.
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IL-1R2 expression in human gastric cancer and its clinical significance. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:228069. [PMID: 33704402 PMCID: PMC8011276 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20204425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Interleukin-1 receptor type II (IL-1R2), also known as
CD121b, is a member of the IL-1 receptor family. IL-1R2 acts as negative
regulator of the IL-1 system, modulating IL-1 availability for the signaling
receptor. IL-1R2 is abnormally expressed in many human inflammatory diseases and
cancers, and has important clinical significance. The present study was designed
to investigate IL-1R2 expression in human gastric cancer (GC) tissues and the
associated clinical implications. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was
used to identify the clinical significance and prognostic value of IL-1R2
expression in GC tissues. We investigated IL-1R2 expression in GC tissues,
cells, and serum using real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA) assays. Results: IL-1R2 was highly expressed in GC
tissues, and the overall survival in patients with advanced GC and high IL-1R2
expression was significantly poorer than that in patients with advanced GC and
low IL-1R2 expression. Moreover, IL-1R2 mRNA levels in GC
tissues and most GC cells were higher than those in para-cancer tissues and GES1
human gastric mucosal epithelial cells. The level of plasma-soluble IL-1R2 in GC
patients was higher than that of the healthy control group.
Conclusion: Increased IL-1R2 levels are involved in the
initiation and progression of human GC, and IL-1R2 might be employed to develop
immunotherapeutic approaches targeting GC.
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Chattopadhyay P, Srinivasa Vasudevan J, Pandey R. Noncoding RNAs: modulators and modulatable players during infection-induced stress response. Brief Funct Genomics 2021; 20:28-41. [PMID: 33491070 PMCID: PMC7929421 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elaa026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The human genome has an almost equal distribution of unique and transposable genetic elements. Although at the transcriptome level, a relatively higher contribution from transposable elements derived RNA has been reported. This is further highlighted with evidence from pervasive transcription. Of the total RNA, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are significant contributors to the transcriptome pool with sizeable fraction from repetitive elements of the human genome, inclusive of Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements (LINEs) and Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements (SINEs). ncRNAs are increasingly being implicated in diverse functional roles especially during conditions of stress. These stress responses are driven through diverse mediators, inclusive of long and short ncRNAs. ncRNAs such as MALAT1, GAS5, miR-204 and miR-199a-5p have been functionally involved during oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR). Also, within SINEs, Alu RNAs derived from primate-specific Alu repeats with ~11% human genome contribution, playing a significant role. Pathogenic diseases, including the recent COVID-19, leads to differential regulation of ncRNAs. Although, limited evidence suggests the need for an inquest into the role of ncRNAs in determining the host response towards pathogen challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rajesh Pandey
- Corresponding author: Rajesh Pandey, INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory. CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), North Campus, Near Jubilee Hall, Mall Road, Delhi-110007, India. Tel.: +91 9811029551; E-mail:
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Gora IM, Ciechanowska A, Ladyzynski P. NLRP3 Inflammasome at the Interface of Inflammation, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Type 2 Diabetes. Cells 2021; 10:314. [PMID: 33546399 PMCID: PMC7913585 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), accounting for 90-95% cases of diabetes, is characterized by chronic inflammation. The mechanisms that control inflammation activation in T2DM are largely unexplored. Inflammasomes represent significant sensors mediating innate immune responses. The aim of this work is to present a review of links between the NLRP3 inflammasome, endothelial dysfunction, and T2DM. The NLRP3 inflammasome activates caspase-1, which leads to the maturation of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1β and interleukin 18. In this review, we characterize the structure and functions of NLRP3 inflammasome as well as the most important mechanisms and molecules engaged in its activation. We present evidence of the importance of the endothelial dysfunction as the first key step to activating the inflammasome, which suggests that suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome could be a new approach in depletion hyperglycemic toxicity and in averting the onset of vascular complications in T2DM. We also demonstrate reports showing that the expression of a few microRNAs that are also known to be involved in either NLRP3 inflammasome activation or endothelial dysfunction is deregulated in T2DM. Collectively, this evidence suggests that T2DM is an inflammatory disease stimulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines. Finally, studies revealing the role of glucose concentration in the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome are analyzed. The more that is known about inflammasomes, the higher the chances to create new, effective therapies for patients suffering from inflammatory diseases. This may offer potential novel therapeutic perspectives in T2DM prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona M. Gora
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland; (A.C.); (P.L.)
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Al-Fadhel SZ, Al-Ghuraibawi NHA, Mohammed Ali DM, Al-Hakeim HK. Serum cytokine dependent hematopoietic cell linker (CLNK) as a predictor for the duration of illness in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 19:959-966. [PMID: 33520815 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00588-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an endocrine illness associated with various changes in the immune system and adaptor protein levels. Cytokine dependent hematopoietic cell linker (CLNK) is an adapter protein that regulates immune receptor signaling and acts as a regulator of the receptor signaling of T-cells and natural killer cells. The role of CLNK in T2DM is not studied previously. In the present study, serum CLNK level was measured and correlated with some sociodemographic and insulin resistance (IR) parameters. To achieve these goals, we measured CLNK level and insulin parameters (glucose, insulin, HbA1c, in addition to the calculation of the functions of IR (HOMA2IR), insulin sensitivity (HOMA%S), and beta-cell function (HOMA%B)) in 60 T2DM patients and 30 controls. The results indicated a significant increase (p < 0.05) in serum CLNK in patients group in comparison with the controls. Multivariate generalized linear model (GLM) analysis revealed no significant effect of age, BMI, and sex on the CLNK level. The results of tests for between-subjects showed that the CLNK affects diagnosis significantly (F = 7.445, p = 0.008, partial η2 = 0.081) and its effect is approximately the same as the effect of insulin (F = 8.107, p = 0.006, partial η2 = 0.087). The correlation study showed a highly significant positive correlation between CLNK and the duration of disease (rho = 0.420, p < 0.001). It can be concluded that the increase CLNK in T2DM revealing the role of the adaptor proteins level in the progression of the disease and may act as a predictor for diabetes complications, which deserves more investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhaer Zeki Al-Fadhel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq
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Feng Z, Cao J, Zhang Q, Lin L. The drug likeness analysis of anti-inflammatory clerodane diterpenoids. Chin Med 2020; 15:126. [PMID: 33298100 PMCID: PMC7727157 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00407-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an active defense response of the body against external stimuli. Long term low-grade inflammation has been considered as a deteriorated factor for aging, cancer, neurodegeneration and metabolic disorders. The clinically used glucocorticoids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are not suitable for chronic inflammation. Therefore, it's urgent to discover and develop new effective and safe drugs to attenuate inflammation. Clerodane diterpenoids, a class of bicyclic diterpenoids, are widely distributed in plants of the Labiatae, Euphorbiaceae and Verbenaceae families, as well as fungi, bacteria, and marine sponges. Dozens of anti-inflammatory clerodane diterpenoids have been identified on different assays, both in vitro and in vivo. In the current review, the up-to-date research progresses of anti-inflammatory clerodane diterpenoids were summarized, and their druglikeness was analyzed, which provided the possibility for further development of anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheling Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, People's Republic of China.
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