1
|
Gonçalves JO, Strieder MM, Silva LFO, Dos Reis GS, Dotto GL. Advanced technologies in water treatment: Chitosan and its modifications as effective agents in the adsorption of contaminants. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132307. [PMID: 38740151 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Chitosan, derived from the abundant biopolymer chitin, has emerged as a promising option for water treatment due to its intrinsic bioavailability. This review emphasizes the notable characteristics of chitosan, which allow for various modifications, expanding its applications. The polymer's effectiveness in adsorbing contaminants, particularly in advanced water treatment technologies, is highlighted. The review underscores the potential of chitosan-based hybrid materials, including nanocomposites, hydrogels, membranes, films, sponges, nanoparticles, microspheres, and flakes, as innovative alternatives to traditional chemical-based adsorbents. The advantages of using these materials in wastewater treatment, especially in removing heavy metals, dyes, and emerging compounds, are explored. The study delves into the mechanisms involved in wastewater treatment with chitosan, emphasizing the interactions between the polymer and various contaminants. Additionally, the application of chitosan as a contaminant removal agent in a post-pandemic context is addressed, considering the challenges related to waste management and environmental preservation. The analysis highlights the potential contribution of chitosan in mitigating environmental impacts post-pandemic, offering practical solutions for treating contaminated effluents and promoting sustainability. The study addresses current obstacles and prospects for chitosan-based wastewater treatment, emphasizing its promising role in sustainable water management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janaína Oliveira Gonçalves
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Calle 58 #55-66, 080002 Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia.
| | - Monique Martins Strieder
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Pedro Zaccaria 1300, Limeira, São Paulo 13484-350, Brazil
| | | | - Glaydson Simões Dos Reis
- Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Guilherme Luiz Dotto
- Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee JS, Lee JS, Kim HS. Toxic effects of triclosan in aquatic organisms: A review focusing on single and combined exposure of environmental conditions and pollutants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 920:170902. [PMID: 38354791 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is an antibacterial agent commonly used in personal care products. Due to its widespread use and improper disposal, it is also a pervasive contaminant, particularly in aquatic environments. When released into water bodies, TCS can induce deleterious effects on developmental and physiological aspects of aquatic organisms and also interact with environmental stressors such as weather, metals, pharmaceuticals, and microplastics. Multiple studies have described the adverse effects of TCS on aquatic organisms, but few have reported on the interactions between TCS and other environmental conditions and pollutants. Because aquatic environments include a mix of contaminants and natural factors can correlate with contaminants, it is important to understand the toxicological outcomes of combinations of substances. Due to its lipophilic characteristics, TCS can interact with a wide range of substances and environmental stressors in aquatic environments. Here, we identify a need for caution when using TCS by describing not only the effects of exposure to TCS alone on aquatic organisms but also how toxicity changes when it acts in combination with multiple environmental stressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Sol Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li H, Shi Y, Jia W, Gong Y, Song N, Du Z, Shao X, Gu W, Xing W, Ju Y. Bifunctional catalytic degradation of diclofenac over Cu-Pd co-modified sponge iron-based trimetal: Parameter optimization. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 227:115640. [PMID: 36933636 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) have posed great challenge to advanced oxidation techniques (AOTs). In this study, we decorated sponge iron (s-Fe0) with Cu and Pd (s-Fe0-Cu-Pd) and further optimized the synthesis parameters with a response surface method (RSM) to rapidly degrade diclofenac sodium (DCF). Under the RSM-optimized conditions of Fe: Cu: Pd = 100: 4.23: 0.10, initial solution pH of 5.13, and input dosage of 38.8 g/L, 99% removal of DCF could be obtained after 60 min of reaction. Moreover, the morphological structure of trimetal was characterized with high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS). Electron spin resonance (ESR) signals have also been applied to capture reactive hydrogen atoms (H*), superoxygen anions, hydroxyl radicals, and single state oxygen (1O2). Furthermore, the variations of DCF and its selective degradation products over a series of s-Fe0-based bi(tri)metals have been compared. Additionally, the degradation mechanism of DCF has also been explored. To our best knowledge, this is the first report revealing the selective dechlorination of DCF with low toxicity over Pd-Cu co-doped s-Fe0 trimetal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, PR China
| | - Yongquan Shi
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, PR China; Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Eastern China, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Nanjing, 210042, PR China
| | - Wenchao Jia
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Yu Gong
- Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Eastern China, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Nanjing, 210042, PR China
| | - Ninghui Song
- Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Eastern China, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Nanjing, 210042, PR China
| | - Ziyan Du
- Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Eastern China, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Nanjing, 210042, PR China
| | - Xiang Shao
- Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Eastern China, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Nanjing, 210042, PR China
| | - Wen Gu
- Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Eastern China, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Nanjing, 210042, PR China
| | - Weilong Xing
- Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Eastern China, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Nanjing, 210042, PR China.
| | - Yongming Ju
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, PR China; Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Eastern China, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Nanjing, 210042, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Guangzhou, 510655, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Intisar A, Ramzan A, Hafeez S, Hussain N, Irfan M, Shakeel N, Gill KA, Iqbal A, Janczarek M, Jesionowski T. Adsorptive and photocatalytic degradation potential of porous polymeric materials for removal of pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and dyes-based emerging contaminants from water. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139203. [PMID: 37315851 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Life on earth is dependent on clean water, which is crucial for survival. Water supplies are getting contaminated due to the growing human population and its associated industrialization, urbanization, and chemically improved agriculture. Currently, a large number of people struggle to find clean drinking water, a problem that is particularly serious in developing countries. To meet the enormous demand of clean water around the world, there is an urgent need of advanced technologies and materials that are affordable, easy to use, thermally efficient, portable, environmentally benign, and chemically durable. The physical, chemical and biological methods are used to eliminate insoluble materials and soluble pollutants from wastewater. In addition to cost, each treatment carries its limitations in terms of effectiveness, productivity, environmental effect, sludge generation, pre-treatment demands, operating difficulties, and the creation of potentially hazardous byproducts. To overcome the problems of traditional methods, porous polymers have distinguished themselves as practical and efficient materials for the treatment of wastewater because of their distinctive characteristics such as large surface area, chemical versatility, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. This study overviews improvement in manufacturing methods and the sustainable usage of porous polymers for wastewater treatment and explicitly discusses the efficiency of advanced porous polymeric materials for the removal of emerging pollutants viz. pesticides, dyes, and pharmaceuticals whereby adsorption and photocatalytic degradation are considered to be among the most promising methods for their effective removal. Porous polymers are considered excellent adsorbents for the mitigation of these pollutants as they are cost-effective and have greater porosities to facilitate penetration and adhesion of pollutants, thus enhance their adsorption functionality. Appropriately functionalized porous polymers can offer the potential to eliminate hazardous chemicals and making water useful for a variety of purposes thus, numerous types of porous polymers have been selected, discussed and compared especially in terms of their efficiencies against specific pollutants. The study also sheds light on numerous challenges faced by porous polymers in the removal of contaminants, their solutions and some associated toxicity issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azeem Intisar
- School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, 54590, Pakistan.
| | - Arooj Ramzan
- School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Shahzar Hafeez
- School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Nazim Hussain
- Center for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Biomedical Physics, Doctoral School of Exact Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, Poland
| | - Nasir Shakeel
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Komal Aziz Gill
- Division of Geochronology and Environmental Isotopes, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 22B, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Amjad Iqbal
- Department of Materials Technologies, Faculty of Materials Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland; Centre for Mechanical Engineering Materials and Processes, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Lui's Reis Santos, 3030-788, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marcin Janczarek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965, Poznan, Poland
| | - Teofil Jesionowski
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965, Poznan, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jiang M, Zhang Z, Han Q, Peng R, Shi H, Jiang X. Embryonic exposure to environmentally relevant levels of tributyltin affects embryonic tributyltin bioaccumulation and the physiological responses of juveniles in cuttlefish (Sepia pharaonis). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114894. [PMID: 37059015 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) is a typical organic pollutant that persists in aquatic sediments due to its wide usage as an antifouling fungicide during the past few decades. Despite increased awareness of the serious negative consequences of TBT on aquatic species, studies on the effects of TBT exposure on cephalopod embryonic development and juvenile physiological performance are scarce. To investigate the lasting effects of TBT toxicity on Sepia pharaonis from embryo to hatchling, embryos (gastrula stage, 3-5 h post fertilization) were exposed to four levels of TBT until hatching: 0 (control), 30 (environmental level), 60, and 120 ng/L. Subsequently, juvenile growth performance endpoints and behavioral alterations were assessed over 15 days post-hatching. Egg hatchability was significantly reduced and embryonic development (i.e., premature hatching) was accelerated in response to 30 ng/L TBT exposure. Meanwhile, TBT-induced alterations in embryonic morphology primarily included yolk-sac lysis, embryonic malformations, and uneven pigment distributions. During the pre-middle stage of embryonic development, the eggshell serves as an effective barrier to safeguard the embryo from exposure to 30-60 ng/L TBT, according to patterns of TBT accumulation and distribution in the egg compartment. However, even environmental relevant levels of TBT (30 ng/L) exposure during embryonic development had a negative impact on juvenile behavior and growth, including slowing growth, shortening eating times, causing more irregular movements, and increasing inking times. These findings indicate that after TBT exposure, negative long-lasting effects on S. pharaonis development from embryo to hatchling persist, suggesting that long-lasting toxic effects endure from S. pharaonis embryos to hatchlings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maowang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315832, PR China
| | - Zihan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315832, PR China
| | - Qingxi Han
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315832, PR China
| | - Ruibing Peng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315832, PR China
| | - Huilai Shi
- Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Xiamin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315832, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yan J, Zou Y, Zhang F, Zhang S, Huang X, Benoit G. Growth, ROS accumulation site, and photosynthesis inhibition mechanism of Chlorella vulgaris by triclosan. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:12125-12137. [PMID: 36107294 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23009-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Although the addition of triclosan (TCS) in consumer products has been strictly restricted, its continuous applications in hospitals and other medical facilities and its numerous residues still pose a potential risk to aquatic organisms and aquatic ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the growth, biochemical alterations, and physiological responses of Chlorella vulgaris exposed to different concentrations of TCS. The potential toxicity mechanisms associated with excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disruption of photosynthetic system II (PSII) were also analyzed. The results indicated that the growth, cellular ultrastructure, and physiology of C. vulgaris were severely affected by TCS in a dose-effect dependent manner. TCS inhibited the growth of C. vulgaris, leading to mitochondria enlargement, the disordering of the arrangement of thylakoids, cell wall rupture, organelles loss, and the cytoplasm lysis. TCS induced severe oxidative damage characterized by ROS accumulation, elevated malondialdehyde (MDA), and up-regulation of antioxidant enzyme activities. Moreover, in TCS-induced algal cells, the main sites of ROS accumulation were chloroplasts, mitochondria, and cell membranes, with ROS accumulating most in the mitochondria. In addition, TCS caused damage to the reaction center (RC inactivation), donor side (OEC damage), and accepted side (electron transport from QA to QB) of PSII in C. vulgaris, leading to inhibition of photosynthetic activity. These results could provide novel insights into the mechanisms of TCS-induced ROS accumulation and photosynthetic inhibition in C. vulgaris, which would contribute to a deep understanding of TCS toxicity on algae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Resources Conversion and Pollution Control of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Zou
- Key Laboratory of Resources Conversion and Pollution Control of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Fengrui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resources Conversion and Pollution Control of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Shenghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resources Conversion and Pollution Control of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - Xinyue Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Gaboury Benoit
- School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gairin E, Dussenne M, Mercader M, Berthe C, Reynaud M, Metian M, Mills SC, Lenfant P, Besseau L, Bertucci F, Lecchini D. Harbours as unique environmental sites of multiple anthropogenic stressors on fish hormonal systems. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 555:111727. [PMID: 35863654 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Fish development and acclimation to environmental conditions are strongly mediated by the hormonal endocrine system. In environments contaminated by anthropogenic stressors, hormonal pathway alterations can be detrimental for growth, survival, fitness, and at a larger scale for population maintenance. In the context of increasingly contaminated marine environments worldwide, numerous laboratory studies have confirmed the effect of one or a combination of pollutants on fish hormonal systems. However, this has not been confirmed in situ. In this review, we explore the body of knowledge related to the influence of anthropogenic stressors disrupting fish endocrine systems, recent advances (focusing on thyroid hormones and stress hormones such as cortisol), and potential research perspectives. Through this review, we highlight how harbours can be used as "in situ laboratories" given the variety of anthropogenic stressors (such as plastic, chemical, sound, light pollution, and invasive species) that can be simultaneously investigated in harbours over long periods of time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Gairin
- Marine Eco-Evo-Devo Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-Son, Kunigami District, 904-0495, Okinawa, Japan.
| | - Mélanie Dussenne
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), F-66650, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Manon Mercader
- Marine Eco-Evo-Devo Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-Son, Kunigami District, 904-0495, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Cécile Berthe
- Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL", France; PSL Université Paris, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, UAR3278 CRIOBE, 98729, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Mathieu Reynaud
- Marine Eco-Evo-Devo Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-Son, Kunigami District, 904-0495, Okinawa, Japan; PSL Université Paris, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, UAR3278 CRIOBE, 98729, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Marc Metian
- International Atomic Energy Agency - Environment Laboratories, 4a Quai Antoine 1er, MC, 98000, Principality of Monaco, Monaco
| | - Suzanne C Mills
- Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL", France; PSL Université Paris, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, UAR3278 CRIOBE, 98729, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Philippe Lenfant
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, 58 Avenue Paul Alduy, F-66860, Perpignan, France
| | - Laurence Besseau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), F-66650, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Frédéric Bertucci
- Functional and Evolutionary Morphology Lab, University of Liège, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - David Lecchini
- Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL", France; PSL Université Paris, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, UAR3278 CRIOBE, 98729, Moorea, French Polynesia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu T, Peng H, Liu X, Wu R. Removal of Carbamazepine in Aqueous Solution by CoS 2/Fe 2+/PMS Process. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144524. [PMID: 35889397 PMCID: PMC9323623 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbamazepine (CBZ), as a typical pharmaceutical and personal care product (PPCP), cannot be efficiently removed by the conventional drinking water and wastewater treatment process. In this work, the CoS2/Fe2+/PMS process was applied for efficient elimination of CBZ. The CBZ removal efficiency of CoS2/Fe2+/PMS was 2.5 times and 23 times higher than that of CoS2/PMS and Fe2+/PMS, respectively. The intensity of DMPO-HO• and DMPO-SO4•− followed the order of Fe2+/PMS < CoS2/PMS < CoS2/Fe2+/PMS, also suggesting the CoS2/Fe2+/PMS process has the highest oxidation activity. The effects of reaction conditions (e.g., CoS2 dosage, Fe2+ concentration, PMS concentration, initial CBZ concentration, pH, temperature) and water quality parameters (e.g., SO42−, NO3−, H2PO4−, Cl−, NH4+, humic acid) on the degradation of CBZ were also studied. Response surface methodology analysis was carried out to obtain the best conditions for the removal of CBZ, which are: Fe2+ = 70 µmol/L, PMS = 240 µmol/L, CoS2 = 0.59 g/L. The sustainability test demonstrated that the repeated use of CoS2 for 8 successive cycles resulted in little function decrease (<10%). These findings suggest that CoS2/Fe2+/PMS may be a promising method for advanced treatment of tailwater from sewage treatment plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wu
- Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China;
| | - Huan Peng
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
- WISDRI Engineering and Research Incorporation Limited, No.33, Daxueyuan Rd., Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Safety and Distribution Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (R.W.)
| | - Ruijin Wu
- Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China;
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (R.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang J, Zhu S, Wu Y, Sheng D, Bu L, Zhou S. Insights into the wavelength-dependent photolysis of chlorite: Elimination of carbamazepine and formation of chlorate. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132505. [PMID: 34627813 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous removal of chlorite (ClO2-) and organic micro-pollutants (OMPs) by the irradiation of UV is a novel process. In this study we used UV light emitting diode (UV-LED) as a new UV source to systematically investigate the effect of UV wavelength (255, 285, 365 nm) on the simultaneous removal of carbamazepine (CBZ) and ClO2-. Removal of both CBZ and ClO2- followed the order of 255, 285, and 365 nm. Formation of hydroxyl radical and reactive chlorine species (RCS) were confirmed during the photolysis of ClO2- using probe compounds. RCS were always the predominant contributor to the degradation of CBZ in UV-LED/ClO2- system. The impacts of ClO2- dosage, pH, bicarbonate/carbonate (HCO3-/CO32-), and the effect of natural organic matter (NOM) on CBZ degradation were also evaluated. This study identified the products produced by CBZ through possible degradation pathways during the transformation process. Further, the amount of ClO2- may affect the amount of chlorate produced in UV/ClO2- system. Overall, our research provides an in-depth analysis of the effects of UV wavelength on the simultaneous removal of ClO2- and OMPs in water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Shumin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Yangtao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Da Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Lingjun Bu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Shiqing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
He L, Lv L, Pillai SC, Wang H, Xue J, Ma Y, Liu Y, Chen Y, Wu L, Zhang Z, Yang L. Efficient degradation of diclofenac sodium by periodate activation using Fe/Cu bimetallic modified sewage sludge biochar/UV system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 783:146974. [PMID: 33866173 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Iron/copper bimetallic nanoparticles based sludge biochar (Fe/Cu-SBC) was prepared by using a modified co-precipitation route. The Fe/Cu-SBC system prepared was subsequently applied to activate periodate (IO4-) to degrade diclofenac sodium (DCF) by using UV light at room temperature (25 °C). The physicochemical properties of both SBC and Fe/Cu-SBC such as morphology, physical properties, crystal structures and functional groups were examined. The type and number of surface functional groups were found to be increased and the catalytic performance was improved by the modification of Fe/Cu bimetallic nanoparticles. The influence of various parameters to evaluate the catalytic efficiency such as periodate (PI) concentration, dosage of catalysts, UV power, initial pH and coexisting anions were investigated. Under the optimized conditions (pH 6.9, UV-power 60 W, PI concentration of 5 mM and 0.1 g Fe/Cu-SBC), it was observed that 99.7% of DCF was degraded with a pseudo-first-order kinetics reaction constant 9.39 × 10-2 min-1. The radical scavenging experiments showed that IO3 radicals were the predominantly reactive oxidants in the Fe/Cu-SBC/UV system. Therefore, this investigation provides a feasible alternative for the degradation of PPCPs in wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuyang He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lixin Lv
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Suresh C Pillai
- Centre for Precision Engineering, Materials and Manufacturing Research, Nanotechnology and Bio-Engineering Research Division, Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Technology Sligo, Ash Lane, Sligo, Ireland
| | - Hailong Wang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Jianming Xue
- New Zealand Forest Research Institute Limited (Scion), Forest System, POB 29237, Christchurch 8440, New Zealand
| | - Yongfei Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yulin Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Li Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zulin Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen ABI5 8QH, UK
| | - Lie Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Erhunmwunse NO, Tongo I, Ezemonye LI. Acute effects of acetaminophen on the developmental, swimming performance and cardiovascular activities of the African catfish embryos/larvae (Clarias gariepinus). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111482. [PMID: 33120276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen is a widely used analgesic that has been detected in many water bodies with few reports concerning its potential toxicity to fish. This study sought to assess the developmental, swimming performance and cardiovascular activities of embryo/larvae catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to acetaminophen. The Organization for Economic Development (OECD) Fish Embryo Acute Toxicity Test (OECD 236) was employed. Fertilized embryo were exposed to different concentrations of acetaminophen (0, 0.5, 1, 10 µg/L) for 96 h. Hatching rates of the embryo were observed to decrease with increasing concentrations of acetaminophen. Fish embryo exposed to acetaminophen displayed varying levels of teratogenic effects at different levels of development in a dose-dependent manner. The results also showed a significant (p < 0.05) dose-dependent increase in swimming speed and movement patterns in fish larvae exposed to acetaminophen, with distance travelled in larvae exposed to the highest concentration of acetaminophen (10 µg/L) about eight (8) times the distance travelled by the control larvae, indicating that acetaminophen-induced erratic swimming behaviour in the catfish species. Cardiotoxicity was evident, with a significant reduction in heartbeat rate with increasing concentrations of acetaminophen. The results showed that exposure to acetaminophen resulted in teratogenic, neurotoxic and cardiotoxic effects in embryo/larvae of Clarias gariepinus. The findings suggest that acetaminophen which has recently been detected in many water bodies could potentially impact on survival of aquatic life, especially catfish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Isioma Tongo
- Laboratory for Ecotoxicology and Environmental Forensics, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, Nigeria; Igbinedion University Okada, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Lawrence Ikechukwu Ezemonye
- Laboratory for Ecotoxicology and Environmental Forensics, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, Nigeria; Igbinedion University Okada, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bao S, He C, Ku P, Xie M, Lin J, Lu S, Nie X. Effects of triclosan on the RedoximiRs/Sirtuin/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 230:105679. [PMID: 33227666 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) has been widely used in daily life for its broad-spectrum antibacterial property and subsequently detected frequently in aquatic waterborne. Environmental relevant concentrations of TCS in water (ng-μg/L) may pose potential unexpected impact on non-target aquatic organisms. In the present work, we investigated the transcriptional responses of Nrf2 as well as its downstream genes, sirtuins and redox-sensitive microRNAs (RedoximiRs) in livers of the small freshwater fish mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) which were exposed to environmental relevant concentrations of TCS (0.05 μg/L, 0.5 μg/L and 5 μg/L for 24 h and 168 h). Results showed there were similar up-regulations in Nrf2 and its target genes (e. g. NQO1, CAT and SOD) at transcriptional, enzymatic and protein levels, reflecting oxidative stress of TCS to mosquitofish. Meanwhile, up-regulations of Sirt1, Sirt2 and down-regulations of miR-34b, miR-200b-5p and miR-21 could modulate antioxidant system via the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway by the post-transcriptional regulations. Some oxidative stress-related biomarkers displayed in concentration-dependent manners (e. g. NQO1 mRNA, CAT mRNA) and/or time-dependent manners (e. g. GSH contents). This study indicated that the RedoximiRs/Sirtuin/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway played a crucial role in mosquitofish exposed to TCS, and there might be potentially profound effects for TCS on the aquatic ecological safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Bao
- Department of Ecology/Hydrobiology Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Cuiping He
- Department of Ecology/Hydrobiology Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Peijia Ku
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, United States
| | - Meinan Xie
- Department of Ecology/Hydrobiology Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jiawei Lin
- Department of Ecology/Hydrobiology Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Songhui Lu
- Research Center of Harmful Algae and Marine Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Xiangping Nie
- Department of Ecology/Hydrobiology Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tong X, Li Z, Chen W, Wang J, Li X, Mu J, Tang Y, Li L. Efficient catalytic ozonation of diclofenac by three-dimensional iron (Fe)-doped SBA-16 mesoporous structures. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 578:461-470. [PMID: 32535428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The removal of diclofenac (DCF) that causes risks to the environment and human health remains a great challenge due to the inefficiency of conventional physical methods. In this work, an efficient catalytic ozonation of DCF is achieved from a novel iron-doped SBA-16 (Fe-SBA-16) three-dimensional (3D) mesoporous structure. The Fe-SBA-16/ozonation (O3) system exhibits enhanced catalytic activity towards DCF mineralization (up to 79.3% in 1.5 h), which is 1.2 times of its counterpart, Fe-MCM-41, and 2.4 times of the sole ozonation without catalysts. The unique 3D mesoporous structures accelerate the mass transfer and meanwhile result in higher ozone utilization efficiency for more effective generation of active species, hence enhancing the DCF mineralization efficiency. We believe the well-defined Fe-SBA-16 catalyst coupled with their enhanced catalytic ozonation performances will provide new insights into the construction of mesoporous structured materials to eliminate hazards in aqueous solutions for the environment remediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Tong
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhidong Li
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weirui Chen
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drinking Water Safety, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drinking Water Safety, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xukai Li
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drinking Water Safety, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiaxin Mu
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yiming Tang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drinking Water Safety, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Laisheng Li
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drinking Water Safety, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Takai Y, Mizoguchi N, Kinoshita M, Qiu X, Shimasaki Y, Oshima Y. Establishment of a Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) transgenic line expressing Takifugu rubripes pufferfish saxitoxin and tetrodotoxin binding protein 1, and evaluation of tributyltin toxicity via in ovo nanoinjection. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 234:108785. [PMID: 32376496 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Pufferfish saxitoxin and tetrodotoxin binding proteins (PSTBPs) play an important role in the toxification of certain species of pufferfish. Recombinant Takifugu rubripes PSTBP1 (rTrub.PSTBP1) is reported to bind to tributyltin, and so it has been suggested that rTrub.PSTBP1 may reduce the toxicity of tributyltin. However, the role of PSTBP1 in vivo remains to be elucidated. Here, we established a transgenic medaka line showing whole-body Renilla reniformis green fluorescent protein and Trub.PSTBP1 expression, as confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and mRNA-Seq analysis. mRNA-Seq analysis also showed that cytochrome P450 superfamily genes and the gene encoding ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 were highly expressed in the transgenic medaka. Using embryos of the transgenic medaka line, we conducted an in ovo nanoinjection test to examine the effect of Trub.PSTBP1 in vivo, and obtained data suggesting that Trub.PSTBP1 expression may have reduced the toxicity of tributyltin in our transgenic medaka line. Our findings will be useful for future functional analyses of Trub.PSTBP1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Takai
- Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Naohiro Mizoguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masato Kinoshita
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Xuchun Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Yohei Shimasaki
- Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yuji Oshima
- Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ashfaq M, Li Y, Rehman MSU, Zubair M, Mustafa G, Nazar MF, Yu CP, Sun Q. Occurrence, spatial variation and risk assessment of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in urban wastewater, canal surface water, and their sediments: A case study of Lahore, Pakistan. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 688:653-663. [PMID: 31254831 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Due to the lack of wastewater treatment facility in Pakistan, the wastewater is directly discharged via urban drains, which might cause a high load of contaminants of emerging concerns and potential environmental risks. The present study focused on the occurrence and risk assessment of 52 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) of diversified classes in the water and sediment samples of urban drains and canal of Lahore, Pakistan. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were the predominant PPCPs detected in the wastewater of urban drains and surface water of canal. The highest concentration was observed for acetaminophen, with median concentration of 13,880 ng/L followed by caffeine with median concentration of 6200 ng/L. Antibiotics were the predominant PPCPs in the sediment samples with highest concentration of ofloxacin (median value of 1980 μg/kg) followed by ciprofloxacin and oxytetracycline. Spatial variation showed that the population density has significant correlation with the level of many PPCPs in surface water while one of the drainage systems is affected by the direct wastewater discharge from the nearby industrial area. Ecological risk assessment in terms of risk quotient revealed that most of the PPCPs may cause high risk to the aquatic community. This high risk may lead to further contamination of food and crops, therefore enforcement of environmental legislations for treatment of wastewater is recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ashfaq
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Yan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Muhammad Saif Ur Rehman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | | | - Chang-Ping Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Qian Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kohl A, Golan N, Cinnamon Y, Genin O, Chefetz B, Sela-Donenfeld D. A proof of concept study demonstrating that environmental levels of carbamazepine impair early stages of chick embryonic development. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 129:583-594. [PMID: 31174146 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Carbamazepine (CBZ) is an anticonvulsant drug used for epilepsy and other disorders. Prescription of CBZ during pregnancy increases the risk for congenital malformations. CBZ is ubiquitous in effluents and persistent during wastewater treatment. Thus, it is re-introduced into agricultural ecosystems upon irrigation with reclaimed wastewater. People consuming produce irrigated with reclaimed wastewater were found to be exposed to CBZ. However, environmental concentrations of CBZ (μgL-1) are magnitudes lower than its therapeutic levels (μgml-1), raising the question of whether and how environmental levels of CBZ affect embryonic development. The chick embryo is a powerful and highly sensitive amniotic model system that enables to assess environmental contaminants in the living organism. Since the chick embryonic development is highly similar to mammalians, yet, it develops in an egg, toxic effects can be directly analyzed in a well-controlled system without maternal influences. This research utilized the chick embryo to test whether CBZ is embryo-toxic by using morphological, cellular, molecular and imaging strategies. Three key embryonic stages were monitored: after blastulation (st.1HH), gastrulation/neurulation (st.8HH) and organogenesis (st.15HH). Here we demonstrate that environmental relevant concentrations of CBZ impair morphogenesis in a dose- and stage- dependent manner. Effects on gastrulation, neural tube closure, differentiation and proliferation were exhibited in early stages by exposing embryos to CBZ dose as low as 0.1μgL-1. Quantification of developmental progression revealed a significant difference in the total score obtained by CBZ-treated embryos compared to controls (up to 5-fold difference, p<0.05). Yet, defects were unnoticed as embryos passed gastrulation/neurulation. This study provides the first evidence for teratogenic effect of environmental-relevant concentrations of CBZ in amniotic embryos that impair early but not late stages of development. These findings call for in-depth risk analysis to ensure that the environmental presence of CBZ and other drugs is not causing irreversible ecological and public-health damages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayelet Kohl
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Naama Golan
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Yuval Cinnamon
- Department of Poultry and Aquaculture Sciences, Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization - The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZiyon 7528809, Israel
| | - Olga Genin
- Department of Poultry and Aquaculture Sciences, Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization - The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZiyon 7528809, Israel
| | - Benny Chefetz
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Dalit Sela-Donenfeld
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dar OI, Sharma S, Singh K, Kaur A. Teratogenicity and accumulation of triclosan in the early life stages of four food fish during the bioassay. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 176:346-354. [PMID: 30954000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
TCS [5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol] caused a concentration dependent delay in embryonic development, delay and decline in hatching and reduction in length and weight of hatchlings along with an increase in abnormal/deformed embryos and larvae and percent mortality. These parameters varied in a species specific manner and increased with TCS residue in body. The 96 h LC50 values of TCS for Cyprinus carpio, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala were estimated at 0.315, 0.116, 0.096 and 0.131 mg/L, respectively. Hatching got delayed by 16.33 h for C. carpio (0.47 and 0.50 mg/L TCS) and C. idella (0.20 mg/L TCS) but by 18.07 h for L. rohita (0.15 mg/L TCS) and by 19.33 h for C. mrigala (0.18 mg/L TCS). Spine malformations, oedema (yolk sac and cardiac) and deflated swim bladder were present in 100% larvae of C. carpio, C. idella, L. rohita and C. mrigala at 0.30, 0.08, 0.13 and 0.14 mg/L TCS, respectively. TCS also caused hemorrhage (all but C. idella, only 3.33%), albinism and deformed caudal fin (C. idella), hypopigmentation and rupturing of yolk sac (C. mrigala), gas bubble disease (C. mrigala and L. rohita), fusion of eyes (C. carpio) and degeneration of digestive tract (L. rohita) in 10-40% hatchlings. Exposed hatchlings were very weak and paralyzed, could not swim and remained settled at the bottom of jars. Embryonic development was observed to be an early indicator of the toxicity of TCS as oedema and bubbles in yolk were observed in 40-100% embryos/hatchlings at 0.08 mg/L TCS while 100% mortality was observed between 0.15 and 0.50 mg/L TCS. L. rohita was most sensitive and C. carpio was least sensitive to the stress of TCS. Accumulation of TCS in the hatchlings (1/10 of TCS in water) after 96 h exposure hints that even small quantities of TCS may change species diversity in natural waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Owias Iqbal Dar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Sunil Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Kirpal Singh
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Arvinder Kaur
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shao Y, Chen Z, Hollert H, Zhou S, Deutschmann B, Seiler TB. Toxicity of 10 organic micropollutants and their mixture: Implications for aquatic risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 666:1273-1282. [PMID: 30970492 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Micropollutants, as a serious water pollution issue, raise considerable toxicological concerns, particularly when present as components of complex mixtures. Due to the interactions of environmental pollution components (contaminant), the micropollutant problem is increasingly complex, thus, water quality of organic chemical contamination assessed substance-by-substance might lead to underestimation in aquatic environmental risk assessment. To assess the aquatic environmental risk of micropollutants mixture, a total of 10 organic micropollutants were selected and analysed by an approach of integration of literature data, laboratory experiments and prediction techniques. The experiment results showed that all 10 micropollutants were capable of causing toxicity in zebrafish embryos, aquatic invertebrates and algae with the LC50 (50% lethal concentration) values from 1.14 mg/L to 14.37 mg/L. Triclosan, carbamazepine, diazinon and diuron were the most hazardous compounds in the Danube River and the Rhine River. The artificial mixture presented a strong antagonistic relationship, which demonstrated an independent action (IA) model of the mixture. Based on the observed toxicity data, the risk quotients (RQs) of environmental mixtures of the Danube River and the Rhine River were extrapolated. It can be concluded that the micropollutant mixture may pose a potential risk for aquatic ecosystems with the present environmentally measured concentrations in the Danube River and Rhine River. Mixture risk assessment results suggested that the toxicity of studied chemicals might be induced by dissimilar actions, which is in agreement with the mixture toxicity prediction of the IA model. The observed findings could be useful to establish an overview of the pressures, vision, measures and expectations for hazardous substances pollution, which can help in making to informed decisions to reduce the concentration and bioactive fraction of pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shao
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Department of Cell Toxicology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Zhongli Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Eco-environment, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Road, Shapingba, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Henner Hollert
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany; College of Resources and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Road, Shapingba, Chongqing 400044, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, China
| | - Shangbo Zhou
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Björn Deutschmann
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas-Benjamin Seiler
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Qiu X, Iwasaki N, Chen K, Shimasaki Y, Oshima Y. Tributyltin and perfluorooctane sulfonate play a synergistic role in promoting excess fat accumulation in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) via in ovo exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 220:687-695. [PMID: 30605811 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitous environmental obesogens tributyltin (TBT) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) may accumulate in parent and be transferred to their offspring, resulting in trans-generational adverse effects. In this study, we investigated the combined toxic and obesogenic effects of TBT and PFOS on the early life stages of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). In ovo nanoinjection was used to simulate the maternal transfer process. Doses were controlled at 0, 0.05, 0.5, and 2.5 ng/egg (TBT) and at 0, 0.05, 0.5, and 5.0 ng/egg (PFOS), with a full factorial design for mixture formulations. Relatively high doses of agents in mixtures were needed to induce significant mortality (TBT ≥ 0.5 ng/egg) or delayed hatching (PFOS = 5.0 ng/egg) of embryos. The interaction between TBT and PFOS in mixtures had significant effects on the observed hatching delay, but not on acute mortality. Compared with controls, separate exposure to TBT (or PFOS) notably elevated adipose areas at the doses of 0.05 and 0.5 ng/egg, but not at the highest doses. Combined exposure significantly promoted the fat accumulation in newly hatched larvae, even when the doses of TBT and PFOS were both at the levels that did not show obesogenic effect. The interactive effect of TBT and PFOS could aggravate the total obesogenic effect of their mixtures, indicating a synergistic interaction. These results highlight the importance of paying close attention to interaction effects when addressing the impacts of mixtures of environmental obesogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuchun Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, PR China; Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Naoto Iwasaki
- Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Kun Chen
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, PR China; Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Yohei Shimasaki
- Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Yuji Oshima
- Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Michiels EDG, Vergauwen L, Lai FY, Town RM, Covaci A, van Nuijs ALN, Van Cruchten SJ, Knapen D. Advancing the Zebrafish embryo test for endocrine disruptor screening using micro-injection: Ethinyl estradiol as a case study. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2019; 38:533-547. [PMID: 30569562 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fish (embryo) toxicity test guidelines are mostly based on aquatic exposures. However, in some cases, other exposure routes can be more practical and relevant. Micro-injection into the yolk of fish embryos could offer a particular advantage for administering hydrophobic compounds, such as many endocrine disruptors. Single-dose micro-injection was compared with continuous aquatic exposure in terms of compound accumulation and biological responses. 17α-Ethinyl estradiol (EE2) was used as a model compound. First, the optimal solvent and droplet size were optimized, and needle variation was assessed. Next, biological endpoints were evaluated. The accumulated internal dose of EE2 decreased over time in both exposure scenarios. Estrogen receptor activation was concentration/injected dose dependent, increased daily, and was related to esr2b transcription. Transcription of vitellogenin 1 (vtg1) and brain aromatase (cyp19a1b) was induced in both scenarios, but the cyp19a1b transcription pattern differed between routes. Injection caused an increase in cyp19a1b transcripts from 48 hours post fertilization (hpf) onward, whereas after aquatic exposure the main increase occurred between 96 and 120 hpf. Some malformations only occurred after injection, whereas others were present for both scenarios. We conclude that responses can differ between exposure routes and therefore micro-injection is not a direct substitute for, but can be complementary to aquatic exposure. Nevertheless, vtg1and cyp19a1b transcription and estrogen receptor activation are suitable biomarkers for endocrine disruptor screening in both scenarios. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:533-547. © 2018 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen D G Michiels
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Foon Yin Lai
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Raewyn M Town
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Alexander L N van Nuijs
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Steven J Van Cruchten
- Applied Veterinary Morphology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Schmitz M, Beghin M, Mandiki SNM, Nott K, Gillet M, Ronkart S, Robert C, Baekelandt S, Kestemont P. Environmentally-relevant mixture of pharmaceutical drugs stimulates sex-steroid hormone production and modulates the expression of candidate genes in the ovary of juvenile female rainbow trout. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 205:89-99. [PMID: 30347285 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Because of their intrinsic biological activity and ubiquitous environmental occurrence, human pharmaceutical compounds have received increasing attention from health and environmental agencies. In the present study, all-female juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to environmentally-realistic concentrations of a mixture of nonsteroidal pharmaceuticals for 42 days, and the effects on plasma levels of sex-steroids and the expression of genes encoding key proteins involved in ovarian development were assessed. Paracetamol, carbamazepine, diclofenac, irbesartan and naproxen were selected, as these have been detected in the Meuse River in Belgium. Fish were exposed to three concentrations of the mixture including the environmental concentration, 10- and 100-times the environmental concentration. Plasma levels of sex-steroid hormones, particularly 11-ketotestosterone, increased in a concentration-dependent way in exposed females. In addition, some key genes involved in ovarian steroidogenesis were significantly overexpressed after 7 days of exposure, such as key genes involved in the maintenance of the ovary. The steady-state mRNA level of genes implicated in germ cell fate were especially affected, such as that of foxl3 which increased by 5 fold at the highest concentration of the mixture. In conclusion, this study highlights that combined occurrence of common pharmaceutical drugs at concentrations present in surface water environments may act as endocrine-disrupting compounds in rainbow trout.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mélodie Schmitz
- University of Namur, Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, 61 rue de Bruxelles, B-5000 Namur, Belgium.
| | - Mahaut Beghin
- University of Namur, Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, 61 rue de Bruxelles, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Syaghalirwa N M Mandiki
- University of Namur, Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, 61 rue de Bruxelles, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Katherine Nott
- Société wallonne des eaux, 41 rue de la Concorde, B-4800 Verviers, Belgium
| | - Michaël Gillet
- Société wallonne des eaux, 41 rue de la Concorde, B-4800 Verviers, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Ronkart
- Société wallonne des eaux, 41 rue de la Concorde, B-4800 Verviers, Belgium
| | - Christelle Robert
- Centre d'Economie Rurale, Health Departement, 8 rue Point du Jour, B-6900 Marloie, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Baekelandt
- University of Namur, Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, 61 rue de Bruxelles, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- University of Namur, Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, 61 rue de Bruxelles, B-5000 Namur, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bonnefille B, Gomez E, Courant F, Escande A, Fenet H. Diclofenac in the marine environment: A review of its occurrence and effects. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 131:496-506. [PMID: 29886975 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Interest in the presence and effects of diclofenac (DCF) and other pharmaceutical products (PPs) in the aquatic environment has been growing over the last 20 years. DCF has been included in the First Watch List of the EU Water Framework Directive in order to gather monitoring data in surface waters. Despite PP input in water bodies, few studies have been conducted to determine the extent of DCF occurrence and effects on marine ecosystems, which is usually the final recipient of surface waters. The present article reviews available published data on DCF occurrence in marine water, sediment and organisms, and its effects on marine organisms. The findings highlight the scarcity of available data on the occurrence and effects of DCF in marine ecosystems, and the need for further data acquisition to assess the risks associated with the presence of this compound in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bénilde Bonnefille
- UMR HydroSciences Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Elena Gomez
- UMR HydroSciences Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Frédérique Courant
- UMR HydroSciences Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - Aurélie Escande
- UMR HydroSciences Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Hélène Fenet
- UMR HydroSciences Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhu L, Shao Y, Xiao H, Santiago-Schübel B, Meyer-Alert H, Schiwy S, Yin D, Hollert H, Küppers S. Electrochemical simulation of triclosan metabolism and toxicological evaluation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 622-623:1193-1201. [PMID: 29890587 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Tricolsan (TCS), an antimicrobial agent, is considered as emerging pollutant due to its wide dispersive use in personal care products and high aquatic toxicity. In the present study, phase I metabolism of triclosan was investigated through laboratory electrochemical simulation studies. The products formed in the electrochemical (EC) cell were identified by online and offline coupling with QTRAP and high-resolution FTICR mass spectrometers, respectively. The sequential formation and disappearance of each product, with the continuous increase of voltage from 0 to 3500 mV, was observed to reveal the transformation pathways of TCS. The toxic potential of TCS and the identified products was estimated using Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modeling on 16 target proteins. The toxicity change of TCS during simulated metabolism and toxicological effects of reaction mixture were assessed by Fish embryo toxicity (FET) test (Danio rerio) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Eight metabolites formed during the simulated metabolism of TCS mainly via the mechanisms of hydroxylation, ether-bond cleavage and cyclization. In FET test, the reaction mixture (LC50, 48h=1.28 mg/L) after electrochemical reactions showed high acute toxicity on zebrafish embryos, which was comparable to that of triclosan (LC50, 48h=1.34 mg/L). According to the modeling data, less toxic products formed only via ether-bond cleavage of TCS while the products formed through other mechanisms showed high toxicity. AhR-mediated dioxin-like effects on zebrafish embryos, such as developmental retardation in skeleyton and malformations in cardiovascular system, were also observed after exposure to the TCS reaction mixture in FET test. Activation of the AhR by the reaction mixture in zebrafish embryos was further proved in cyp1a gene expression analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linyan Zhu
- Research Center Jülich, Department of Analytics (ZEA-3), Jülich 52425, Germany; RWTH -Aachen University, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology - ABBt, Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Aachen 52074, Germany.
| | - Ying Shao
- RWTH -Aachen University, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology - ABBt, Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Hongxia Xiao
- RWTH -Aachen University, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology - ABBt, Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | | | - Henriette Meyer-Alert
- RWTH -Aachen University, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology - ABBt, Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Sabrina Schiwy
- RWTH -Aachen University, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology - ABBt, Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Daqiang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Henner Hollert
- RWTH -Aachen University, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology - ABBt, Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Aachen 52074, Germany; College of Resources and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Tiansheng Road Beibei 1, Chongqing 400030, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Xianlin Avenue 163, Nanjing 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Stephan Küppers
- Research Center Jülich, Department of Analytics (ZEA-3), Jülich 52425, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zebral YD, Costa PG, de Castro Knopp B, Lansini LR, Zafalon-Silva B, Bianchini A, Robaldo RB. Effects of a glyphosate-based herbicide in pejerrey Odontesthes humensis embryonic development. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 185:860-867. [PMID: 28735239 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) are the major pesticides used worldwide. Among them, the Roundup formulations are the most popular. Some aspects of GBH toxicity are well known, such as induction of oxidative stress. However, embryotoxicity is scarcely known. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of exposure to different Roundup Transorb R concentrations (0.36, 1.80, 3.62 and 5.43 mg glyphosate a.e./L) on Odontesthes humensis embryonic development. Embryos were sampled at three exposure times (48, 72 and 96 h). After 48 h, the stage of embryonic development and the number of somite pairs were analyzed; after 72 h, the percentage of pigmented embryos were evaluated and after 96 h, the eye diameter (ED) and the distance between eyes (DE) were measured. Mortality rates were daily calculated. Results show that Roundup exposure to all concentrations did not alter the endpoints evaluated at 48 and 72 h. On the other hand, exposure for 96 h to all concentrations induced a concentration-dependent reduction in ED and DE. Additionally, exposure to 5.43 mg a.e./L increased mortality. These findings indicate that Roundup has the potential to produce morphological alterations in fish embryos even at the lower and ecologically relevant concentration tested (0.36 mg a.e./L). This result corroborates the hypothesis that glyphosate alters the retinoic acid signaling pathway. Additionally, our findings indicate that exposure to high concentrations of Roundup (5.43 mg a.e./L) for 96 h causes high mortality rates of fish embryos. This is the first report of GBH embryotoxicity in an endemic fish of southern areas in South America.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Dornelles Zebral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia Gomes Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna de Castro Knopp
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-970, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Luize Real Lansini
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-970, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Zafalon-Silva
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 91540-000, RS, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Berteaux Robaldo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96010-970, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chaudhari U, Nemade H, Sureshkumar P, Vinken M, Ates G, Rogiers V, Hescheler J, Hengstler JG, Sachinidis A. Functional cardiotoxicity assessment of cosmetic compounds using human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Arch Toxicol 2017; 92:371-381. [PMID: 28940058 PMCID: PMC5773645 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2065-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
There is a large demand of a human relevant in vitro test system suitable for assessing the cardiotoxic potential of cosmetic ingredients and other chemicals. Using human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs), we have already established an in vitro cardiotoxicity assay and identified genomic biomarkers of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in our previous work. Here, five cosmetic ingredients were studied by the new hiPSC-CMs test; kojic acid (KJA), triclosan (TS), triclocarban (TCC), 2,7-naphthalenediol (NPT), and basic red 51 (BR51) based on cytotoxicity as well as ATP assays, beating rate, and genomic biomarkers to determine the lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) and no observed effect concentration (NOEC). The LOEC for beating rate were 400, 10, 3, >400, and 3 µM for KJA, TS, TCC, NPT, and BR51, respectively. The corresponding concentrations for cytotoxicity or ATP depletion were similar, with the exception of TS and TCC, where the cardiomyocyte-beating assay showed positive results at non-cytotoxic concentrations. Functional analysis also showed that the individual compounds caused different effects on hiPSC-CMs. While exposure to KJA, TS, TCC, and BR51 induced significant arrhythmic beating, NPT slightly decreased cell viability, but did not influence beating. Gene expression studies showed that TS and NPT caused down-regulation of cytoskeletal and cardiac ion homeostasis genes. Moreover, TS and NPT deregulated genomic biomarkers known to be affected also by anthracyclines. The present study demonstrates that hiPSC-CMs can be used to determine LOECs and NOECs in vitro, which can be compared to human blood concentrations to determine margins of exposure. Our in vitro assay, which so far has been tested with several anthracyclines and cosmetics, still requires validation by larger numbers of positive and negative controls, before it can be recommended for routine analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Chaudhari
- Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne (UKK), Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Harshal Nemade
- Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne (UKK), Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Poornima Sureshkumar
- Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne (UKK), Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mathieu Vinken
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gamze Ates
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vera Rogiers
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne (UKK), Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Georg Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University of Dortmund (IfADo), 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Agapios Sachinidis
- Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne (UKK), Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cantwell MG, Katz DR, Sullivan JC, Ho K, Burgess RM. Temporal and spatial behavior of pharmaceuticals in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, United States. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:1846-1855. [PMID: 27943442 PMCID: PMC6089368 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The behavior and fate of pharmaceutical ingredients in coastal marine ecosystems are not well understood. To address this, the spatial and temporal distribution of 15 high-volume pharmaceuticals were measured over a 1-yr period in Narragansett Bay (RI, USA) to elucidate factors and processes regulating their concentration and distribution. Dissolved concentrations ranged from below detection to 313 ng/L, with 4 pharmaceuticals present at all sites and sampling periods. Eight pharmaceuticals were present in suspended particulate material, ranging in concentration from below detection to 44 ng/g. Partitioning coefficients were determined for some pharmaceuticals, with their range and variability remaining relatively constant throughout the study. Normalization to organic carbon content provided no benefit, indicating other factors played a greater role in regulating partitioning behavior. Within the upper bay, the continuous influx of wastewater treatment plant effluents resulted in sustained, elevated levels of pharmaceuticals. A pharmaceutical concentration gradient was apparent from this zone to the mouth of the bay. For most of the pharmaceuticals, there was a strong relationship with salinity, indicating conservative behavior within the estuary. Short flushing times in Narragansett Bay coupled with pharmaceuticals' presence overwhelmingly in the dissolved phase indicate that most pharmaceuticals will be diluted and transported out of the estuary, with only trace amounts of several compounds sequestered in sediments. The present study identifies factors controlling the temporal and spatial dynamics of dissolved and particulate pharmaceuticals; their partitioning behavior provides an increased understanding of their fate, including bioavailability in an urban estuary. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1846-1855. Published 2016 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark G. Cantwell
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA
- Address correspondence to:
| | - David R. Katz
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA
| | - Julia C. Sullivan
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA
| | - Kay Ho
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA
| | - Robert M. Burgess
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Martins D, Monteiro MS, Soares AMVM, Quintaneiro C. Effects of 4-MBC and triclosan in embryos of the frog Pelophylax perezi. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 178:325-332. [PMID: 28334672 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The widespread and increasing use of personal care products (PCPs) have led to environmental contamination by substances included in these products. These substances have been detected in aquatic compartments and shown to cause adverse effects on non-target aquatic organisms. In this work toxicity of the antimicrobial triclosan (TCS) and of the UV-filter 3-(4-methylbenzylidene) camphor (4-MBC) was assessed in the embryos of Perez' frog Pelophylax perezi. Lethal and sub-lethal parameters were evaluated in embryos in Gosner stage 8-9 exposed to 0.00013-1.3 mg/l of 4-MBC and 0.25-2.50 mg/l of TCS during 144 h. Survival, malformations, length and hatching were evaluated as apical endpoints. Biomarkers of neurotransmission, oxidative stress, energy metabolism and estrogenicity were determined at the biochemical level through the activities of cholinesterase (ChE), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and vitellogenin (Vtg). Embryo exposure to 4-MBC led to few developmental malformations (up to 3%) and a GST induction at 0.013 mg/l. Triclosan exposure reduced survival, delayed hatching (at 72 h) and development and induced malformations. In addiction ChE was inhibited in the highest concentrations tested and GST and LDH were induced at 0.79 mg/l, the LOEC registered for TCS in Perez' frogs. Overall, our study showed that TCS might exert adverse effects on P. perezi early life stages, but only at four orders of magnitude above the concentrations found in environment. Furthermore, our results highlight the need to assess PCPs toxicity at different levels of biological organization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Martins
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marta S Monteiro
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carla Quintaneiro
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ali AM, Rønning HT, Alarif W, Kallenborn R, Al-Lihaibi SS. Occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in effluent-dominated Saudi Arabian coastal waters of the Red Sea. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 175:505-513. [PMID: 28249192 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of selected pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) and the pesticide atrazine were investigated in seawater samples collected from stations located at effluent dominated sites in the Saudi Arabian coastal waters of the Red Sea. PPCPs were analysed using solid phase extraction (SPE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). A multi component method for the ultra-trace level quantification of 13 target PPCPs in Seawater was developed and validated for the here performed study. The method procedure is described in detail in the supplementary material section. 26 samples from 7 distinct locations (2 directly influenced by continuous sewage release) were chosen for the sampling of surface seawater. Based upon local sales information, 25 target substances (20 PPCPs, 4 pesticides and 1 stimulant) were chosen for the here reported method development. Thirteen PPCPs were detected and quantified in a total of 26 seawater samples. Metformin, diclofenac, acetaminophen, and caffeine were identified as the most abundant PPCPs, detected in maximum concentration higher than 3 μg/L (upper quantification limit for the here developed method). Concentrations were in the range of 7- >3000 (metformin), <LOQ - 2379 ng/L (acetaminophen) and 62- >3000 ng/L (caffeine). The contribution of direct sewage release on the PPCP levels detected was obvious, the target PPCPs were detected in the Al-Arbaeen and Al-Shabab coastal lagoons in high concentrations due to the low water exchange with the open sea and still ongoing sewage releases in the lagoons. Also, substantial amounts of antibiotics were detected in all samples. Levels and distribution profile of the detected PPCPs revealed high level release rates and give raise to concern on potential environmental risks associated with the here document long term exposure on the fragile coastal marine environment of the region but particularly in the nearby protected coral reef environment outside the harbour region of Jeddah.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aasim M Ali
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, PO. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Helene Thorsen Rønning
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), PO Box 8146 Dep, N-0033 Oslo, Norway
| | - Walied Alarif
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, PO. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roland Kallenborn
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science (KBM), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, Christian M. Falsen veg 1, No-1432 Ås, Norway.
| | - Sultan S Al-Lihaibi
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, PO. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Efosa NJ, Kleiner W, Kloas W, Hoffmann F. Diclofenac can exhibit estrogenic modes of action in male Xenopus laevis, and affects the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis and mating vocalizations. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 173:69-77. [PMID: 28107717 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac (DCF) is a non-steroidal analgesic and antiphlogistic. Due to its tremendous use, DCF can be found in the environment, especially in sewage, but also surface waters, ground and drinking water. Previous studies indicated that DCF can modulate the reproductive physiology of fish by altering the expression of important key enzymes of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad-axis (HPG-axis) and might act as an estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC). Other studies, however, demonstrated that DCF does not exhibit any estrogenicity. Thus, in the present study we investigated whether an exposure to DCF can affect reproductive behavior and physiology of adult male X. laevis by analyzing DCF effects on the mate calling behavior of the frogs and on gene expression patterns of key biomarkers of the HPG-axis. In addition, plasma sex steroid levels were determined to gain detailed insights into the mechanisms of DCF action. We could demonstrate that DCF can act as EDC by exhibiting slight estrogenic modes of action. In addition, pharmacological impacts on gonadal steroidogenesis could be revealed leading to imbalances in sex steroid levels and ratios. DCF furthermore altered the calling behavior of exposed males, potentially reducing the mating and reproductive success of the frogs, possibly leading to severe population effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norah Johanna Efosa
- Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wibke Kleiner
- Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Werner Kloas
- Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany; Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt-University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frauke Hoffmann
- Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany; Department Chemicals and Product Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chen K, Tsutsumi Y, Yoshitake S, Qiu X, Xu H, Hashiguchi Y, Honda M, Tashiro K, Nakayama K, Hano T, Suzuki N, Hayakawa K, Shimasaki Y, Oshima Y. Alteration of development and gene expression induced by in ovo-nanoinjection of 3-hydroxybenzo[c]phenanthrene into Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryos. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 182:194-204. [PMID: 27930992 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[c]phenanthrene (BcP) is a highly toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) found throughout the environment. In fish, it is metabolized to 3-hydroxybenzo[c]phenanthrene (3-OHBcP). In the present study, we observed the effects of 1nM 3-OHBcP on the development and gene expression of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryos. Embryos were nanoinjected with the chemical after fertilization. Survival, developmental stage, and heart rate of the embryos were observed, and gene expression differences were quantified by messenger RNA sequencing (mRNA-Seq). The exposure to 1nM 3-OHBcP accelerated the development of medaka embryos on the 1st, 4th, and 6th days post fertilization (dpf), and increased heart rates significantly on the 5th dpf. Physical development differences of exposed medaka embryos were consistent with the gene expression profiles of the mRNA-Seq results for the 3rd dpf, which show that the expression of 780 genes differed significantly between the solvent control and 1nM 3-OHBcP exposure groups. The obvious expression changes in the exposure group were found for genes involved in organ formation (eye, muscle, heart), energy supply (ATPase and ATP synthase), and stress-response (heat shock protein genes). The acceleration of development and increased heart rate, which were consistent with the changes in mRNA expression, suggested that 3-OHBcP affects the development of medaka embryos. The observation on the developmental stages and heart beat, in ovo-nanoinjection and mRNA-Seq may be efficient tools to evaluate the effects of chemicals on embryos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Chen
- Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Yuki Tsutsumi
- Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yoshitake
- Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Xuchun Qiu
- Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Hai Xu
- Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan; School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | | | - Masato Honda
- Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Kosuke Tashiro
- Laboratory of Molecular Gene Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Kei Nakayama
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hano
- National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Maruishi 2-17-5, Hatsukaichi-shi, Hiroshima 739-0452, Japan
| | - Nobuo Suzuki
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kazuichi Hayakawa
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yohei Shimasaki
- Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Yuji Oshima
- Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Schnitzler JG, Frédérich B, Dussenne M, Klaren PHM, Silvestre F, Das K. Triclosan exposure results in alterations of thyroid hormone status and retarded early development and metamorphosis in Cyprinodon variegatus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 181:1-10. [PMID: 27810487 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones are critically involved in somatic growth, development and metamorphosis of vertebrates. The structural similarity between thyroid hormones and triclosan, an antimicrobial compound widely employed in consumer personal care products, suggests triclosan can have adverse effects on the thyroid system. The sheepshead minnow, Cyprinodon variegatus, is now used in ecotoxicological studies that have recently begun to focus on potential disruption of the thyroid axis by endocrine disrupting compounds. Here, we investigate the in vivo effects of exposure to triclosan (20, 50, and 100μgL-1) on the thyroid system and the embryonic and larval development of C. variegatus. Triclosan exposure did not affect hatching success, but delayed hatching time by 6-13h compared to control embryos. Triclosan exposure affected the ontogenetic variations of whole body thyroid hormone concentrations during the larval phase. The T3 peak around 12-15 dph, described to be indicative for the metamorphosis climax in C. variegatus, was absent in triclosan-exposed larvae. Triclosan exposure did not produce any deformity or allometric repatterning, but a delayed development of 18-32h was observed. We conclude that the triclosan-induced disruption of the thyroid system delays in vivo the start of metamorphosis in our experimental model. We observed a global developmental delay of 24-45h, equivalent to 4-7% prolongation of the developmental time in C. variegatus. The costs of delayed metamorphosis can lead to reduction of juvenile fitness and could be a determining factor in the outcome of competitive interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Frédérich
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, AFFISH Research Center, Liège University, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Mélanie Dussenne
- Laboratory of Oceanology, MARE, B6c, Liège University, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Peter H M Klaren
- Department of Animal Ecology and Physiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Frédéric Silvestre
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Adaptive Physiology-URBE, UNamur, B-5000 Namur, Belgium.
| | - Krishna Das
- Laboratory of Oceanology, MARE, B6c, Liège University, Liège, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Salierno JD, Lopes M, Rivera M. Latent effects of early life stage exposure to triclosan on survival in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2016; 51:695-702. [PMID: 27333258 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2016.1191908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of early life stage triclosan (5-chloro-2-(2,4, dichlorophenoxy)phenol, TCS) exposure on hatching, development, and survival in the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas. Embryonic minnows were exposed to TCS (50 and 100 µg L-1) for 10 days followed by 6 weeks depuration. Mortality and morphological deformities were recorded and quantified during exposure and at the end of depuration. No significant effects on embryonic survival, time to reach the eyed stage, or hatching were found. However, at the conclusion of the depuration period, survival was significantly reduced in TCS exposed fish depending on the concentration. Visual inspection of the exposed fish suggests that mortality is related to spinal deformities, emaciation, and reduced foraging ability. Triclosan exhibits deleterious effects in fish at lower concentrations over longer durations than previously reported. Further, mortality in exposed fish 6 weeks after exposure demonstrates the need for various exposure assays to evaluate effects of TCS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James D Salierno
- a Department of Biology and Allied Health Sciences , Fairleigh Dickinson University , Madison , New Jersey , USA
| | - Melissa Lopes
- a Department of Biology and Allied Health Sciences , Fairleigh Dickinson University , Madison , New Jersey , USA
| | - Michelle Rivera
- a Department of Biology and Allied Health Sciences , Fairleigh Dickinson University , Madison , New Jersey , USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chai L, Wang H, Zhao H, Deng H. Chronic effects of triclosan on embryonic development of Chinese toad, Bufo gargarizans. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2016; 25:1600-1608. [PMID: 27599820 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-016-1715-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is commonly used worldwide in a range of personal care and sanitizing products. The aim of this study was to evaluate potential effects of TCS exposure on embryonic development of Bufo gargarizans, an endemic frog species in China. Standard Gosner stage 3 B. gargarizans embryos were exposed to 10 ~ 150 μg/L TCS during embryogenesis. Survival, total length, weight, developmental stage, duration of different embryo stages, malformation, and type II and III deiodinase (D2 and D3) expression were measured. Inhibitory effects on embryo developmental stage, total length and weight were found at 30 ~ 150 μg/L TCS. Moreover, the duration of embryonic development was increased at gastrula, neural, circulation, and operculum development stage in TCS-treated groups. In addition, TCS exposure induced morphological malformations in B. gargarizans embryos, which are characterized by hyperplasia, abdominal edema, and axial flexures. Furthermore, our results showed that the expression of D2 in embryos was probably down-regulated at 60 and 150 μg/L TCS, but its spatial expression patterns was not affected by TCS. In summary, our study suggested that TCS exposure not only resulted in delayed growth and development but also caused teratogenic effects in B. gargarizans embryos, and the developmental effects of TCS at high concentrations may be associated with disruption of THs homeostasis. Although further studies are necessary, the present findings could provide a basis for understanding on harmful effects and the potential mechanisms of TCS in amphibian embryos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Chai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Hongyuan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China.
| | - Hongfeng Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Hongzhang Deng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lin T, Zhou D, Yu S, Chen W. The removal process of 2,2-dichloroacetamide (DCAcAm), a new disinfection by-product, in drinking water treatment process and its toxicity on zebrafish. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 159:403-411. [PMID: 27337431 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The removal process of 2,2-dichloroacetamide (DCAcAm), a new disinfection by-product (DBP) in conventional drinking water treatment plant (C-DWTP) and advanced DWTP (ADWTP) was studied with newly maximum formation potential (MFP) process. It was demonstrated that the advanced treatment displayed greater removal efficiency towards DCAcAm formation potential (MFP) than the conventional treatment. The hydrophilic natural organic matter and natural organic matter with molecular weight <1 kDa or >10 kDa leaded to more DCAcAm formation, and the aromatic protein was inferred as one part of DCAcAm precursor. DCAcAm was found to cause delayed development and malformation to zebrafish embryos at embryonic growth stage. Compared with heart toxicity, it caused a significant neuron toxicity. It also could cause the acute DNA damage to adult zebrafish, which should be extremely cautioned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lin
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Dongju Zhou
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Shilin Yu
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Klaper R. In response: Academic perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2016; 35:268-270. [PMID: 26808911 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Klaper
- Great Lakes Genomics Center, School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kohay H, Izbitski A, Mishael YG. Developing Polycation-Clay Sorbents for Efficient Filtration of Diclofenac: Effect of Dissolved Organic Matter and Comparison to Activated Carbon. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:9280-9288. [PMID: 26126078 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The presence of nanoconcentrations of persistent pharmaceuticals in treated wastewater effluent and in surface water has been frequently reported. A novel organic-inorganic hybrid sorbent based on adsorbing quarternized poly vinylpyridinium-co-styrene (QPVPcS) to montmorillonite (MMT) was designed for the removal of the anionic micropollutants. QPVPcS-clay composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, FTIR, thermal gravimetric analysis, Zeta potential and element analysis. Based on these measurements polymer-clay micro- and nanostructures, as a function of polymer loading, were suggested. The affinity of the anionic pharmaceutical, diclofenac (DCF), to the composite was high and did not decrease dramatically with an increase of ionic strength, indicating that the interactions are not only electrostatic. The presence of humic acid (HA) did not hinder DCF removal by the composite; whereas, its filtration by granulated activated carbon (GAC) was compromised in the presence of HA. The kinetics and adsorption at equilibrium of DCF to the composite and to GAC were measured and modeled by the time dependent Langmuir equation. The adsorption of DCF to the composite was significantly faster than to GAC. Accordingly, the filtration of micro- and nanoconcentrations of DCF by composite columns, in the presence of HA, was more efficient than by GAC columns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hagay Kohay
- Department of Soil and Water Science, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Avital Izbitski
- Department of Soil and Water Science, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yael G Mishael
- Department of Soil and Water Science, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Joo SH, Tansel B. Novel technologies for reverse osmosis concentrate treatment: a review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2015; 150:322-335. [PMID: 25528173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Global water shortages due to droughts and population growth have created increasing interest in water reuse and recycling and, concomitantly, development of effective water treatment processes. Pressured membrane processes, in particular reverse osmosis, have been adopted in water treatment industries and utilities despite the relatively high operational cost and energy consumption. However, emerging contaminants are present in reverse osmosis concentrate in higher concentrations than in the feed water, and have created challenges for treatment of the concentrate. Further, standards and guidelines for assessment and treatment of newly identified contaminants are currently lacking. Research is needed regarding the treatment and disposal of emerging contaminants of concern in reverse osmosis concentrate, in order to develop cost-effective methods for minimizing potential impacts on public health and the environment. This paper reviews treatment options for concentrate from membrane processes. Barriers to emerging treatment options are discussed and novel treatment processes are evaluated based on a literature review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hee Joo
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, University of Miami, 1251 Memorial Dr. McArthur Engineering Building, Coral Gables, FL 33146-0630, USA.
| | - Berrin Tansel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 W. Flagler St., Miami, FL 33174, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Li Y, Han Z, Zheng X, Ma Z, Liu H, Giesy JP, Xie Y, Yu H. Comparison of waterborne and in ovo nanoinjection exposures to assess effects of PFOS on zebrafish embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:2303-2310. [PMID: 25182431 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3527-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Since perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) had been detected in eggs of seabirds and fish, toxicity of waterborne PFOS to embryonic development of zebrafish (Danio rerio) was investigated. However, because assessment of effects by use of dietary exposure of adults is time-consuming and expensive, a study was conducted to compare effects on embryos via nanoinjection and waterborne exposure. Nanoinjection, in which small amounts of chemicals are injected into developing eggs, was used to incorporate PFOS into the yolk sac of embryos of zebrafish. Effects of PFOS during the period of development of the embryo were assessed within 96 h post-fertilization (hpf). PFOS significantly retarded development of embryos of zebrafish and resulted in abnormalities as well as lethality of developing embryos. Both methods of exposure, waterborne and nanoinjection, resulted in similar dose-dependent effects. Some sublethal effects, such as edema at 48 hpf, delayed hatching, and curvature of the spine was observed after 72 hpf. In ovo, nanoinjection was deemed to be an accurate method of exposure for controlling the actual internal dose for study of adverse effects, which closely mimicked responses to waterborne exposure of zebrafish embryo to PFOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yabing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chae JP, Park MS, Hwang YS, Min BH, Kim SH, Lee HS, Park MJ. Evaluation of developmental toxicity and teratogenicity of diclofenac using Xenopus embryos. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 120:52-58. [PMID: 24992311 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic and anti-pyretic properties. This compound is therefore used to treat pain, inflammatory disorders, and dysmenorrhea. Due to its multimodal mechanism of action and ability to penetrate placenta, diclofenac is known to have undesirable side effects including teratogenicity. However, limited data exist on its teratogenicity, and a detailed investigation regarding harmful effects of this drug during embryogenesis is warranted. Here, we analyzed the developmental toxic effects of diclofenac using Xenopus embryos according to the Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay-Xenopus (FETAX) protocol. Diclofenac treatment exerted a teratogenic effect on Xenopus embryos with a teratogenic index (TI) value of 2.64 TI; if this value is higher than 1.2, the cut-off value indicative of toxicity. In particular, mortality of embryos treated with diclofenac increased in a concentration-dependent manner and a broad spectrum of malformations such as shortening and kinking of the axis, abdominal bulging, and prominent blister formation, was observed. The shape and length of internal organs also differed compared to the control group embryos and show developmental retardation on histological label. However, the expression of major tissue-specific markers did not change when analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In conclusion, diclofenac treatment can promote teratogenicity that results in morphological anomalies, but not disrupt the developmental tissue arrangement during Xenopus embryogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Pil Chae
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, South Korea
| | - Mi Seon Park
- Aquaculture Management Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan 619-705, South Korea
| | - Yoo-Seok Hwang
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Byung-Hwa Min
- Aquaculture Management Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan 619-705, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Shik Lee
- ABRC, School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, South Korea.
| | - Mae-Ja Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lin T, Yu S, Chen Y, Chen W. Integrated biomarker responses in zebrafish exposed to sulfonamides. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 38:444-452. [PMID: 25136777 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Dispersed pharmaceuticals such as sulfonamides pose a threat to aquatic ecosystems. We evaluated potential biomarkers of sulfonamide exposure using an extended zebrafish (Danio rerio) toxicity test. The tested sulfonamides induced obvious effects on spontaneous swimming activity and heartbeat rate in zebrafish. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were examined to reflect the biomarker response of zebrafish exposed to three sulfonamides (sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine (SDZ) and sulfadimidine). Both GST and MDA showed time-dependent responses to sulfonamide exposure. GST activity was significantly increased after exposure to sulfonamides for 3 days, while MDA concentration reached a maximum during the first day and then declined. These results suggest that MDA may be a more sensitive biomarker of sulfonamide toxicity than GST. These investigations demonstrated that SDZ was a typical inducer of metabolic enzymes, suggesting that it poses a potential ecotoxicological risk to aquatic ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Shilin Yu
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Yanqiu Chen
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Vieno N, Sillanpää M. Fate of diclofenac in municipal wastewater treatment plant - a review. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2014; 69:28-39. [PMID: 24791707 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac (DCF) is a common anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical that is often detected in waste wasters, effluents and surface waters. Recently, DCF was included in the watch list of substances in EU that requires its environmental monitoring in the member states. DCF is also known to harmfully affect several environmental species already at concentrations of ≤ 1 μg/l. This review focuses on the occurrence and fate of DCF in conventional wastewater treatment processes. Research done in this area was gathered and analyzed in order to find out the possibilities to enhance DCF elimination during biological wastewater treatment. More precisely, human metabolism, concentrations in wastewater influents and effluents, elimination rates in the treatment train, roles of sorption and biotransformation mechanisms during the treatment as well as formation of transformation products are reported. Additionally, the effect of process configuration, i.e. conventional activated sludge (CAS), biological nutrient removal (BNR), membrane bioreactor (MBR) and attached-growth bioreactor, and process parameters, i.e. solids retention time (SRT) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) are presented. Generally, DCF is poorly biodegradable which often translates into low elimination rates during biological wastewater treatment. Only a minor portion is sorbed to sludge. MBR and attached-growth bioreactors may result in higher elimination of DCF over CAS or BNR. Long SRTs (>150 d) favor the DCF elimination due to sludge adaptation. Longer HRTs (>2-3d) could significantly increase the elimination of DCF during biological wastewater treatment. Bioaugmentation could be used to enhance DCF elimination, however, this requires more research on microbial communities that are able to degrade DCF. Also, further research is needed to gain more information about the deconjugation processes and biotic and abiotic transformation and the nature of transformation products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niina Vieno
- Envieno, Logomo Byrå, Köydenpunojankatu 14, FI-20100 Turku, Finland.
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Lappeenranta University of Technology, Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Innovation Centre for Safety and Material Technology, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Bouissou-Schurtz C, Houeto P, Guerbet M, Bachelot M, Casellas C, Mauclaire AC, Panetier P, Delval C, Masset D. Ecological risk assessment of the presence of pharmaceutical residues in a French national water survey. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 69:296-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
43
|
Kwon JW, Rodriguez JM. Occurrence and removal of selected pharmaceuticals and personal care products in three wastewater-treatment plants. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2014; 66:538-548. [PMID: 24357097 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-013-9979-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Residues of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have been detected in surface waters. Incomplete removal of these compounds by wastewater-treatment plants (WWTPs) results in their presence in effluents and finally in surface waters. The occurrence and removal of four PPCPs was investigated in three WWTPs in Mississippi, USA, during a period of 1 year. Influent and effluent were sampled from the three WWTPs. Upstream and downstream samples of the WWTPs were also collected. All four PPCPs were detected in all influents where sulfamethoxazole showed the highest concentration levels with a median concentration of 1,640 ng/L, and carbamazepine was detected at the lowest level with a median concentration of 132 ng/L. Different PPCPs were removed to different extents varying from 99 to 100 %. Gemfibrozil showed the highest removal rates (73-100 %), whereas carbamazepine showed the lowest (-99 to -30 %). Secondary activated sludge in oxidation-ditch process showed remarkable PPCP-specific removal rates. Galaxolide was removed more than the other PPCPs, and sulfamethoxazole showed the least removal. Galaxolide was found to be a predominant PPCP in effluent among the PPCPs studied, and it was detected in all downstream (14.1-428.2 ng/L) and upstream (4.1-60.0 ng/L) samples. Sulfamethoxazole was removed more during the summer than the winter season. A clear increase of PPCP concentrations was observed in most downstream samples compared with upstream samples suggesting that discharges from WWTPs are the major source of PPCPs in surface waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Wook Kwon
- Mississippi State Chemical Laboratory, Mississippi State University, PO Box CR, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Effects of mixture of pharmaceuticals on early life stages of tench (Tinca tinca). BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:253468. [PMID: 24772417 PMCID: PMC3977425 DOI: 10.1155/2014/253468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitous occurrence of pharmaceuticals in aquatic environment results in concern about potential adverse the effects on nontarget organisms. In water, drugs are present in complex mixtures, in which complicated interactions affect toxicity of single components. The purpose of this study was to examine effect of 35-day-long exposure to mixture of ibuprofen, diclofenac, and carbamazepine on the mortality, growth, early ontogeny, and histopathological changes in tench (Tinca tinca). Early life stage toxicity test was carried out using a modified protocol according to OECD guideline 210. Exposure to mixture of pharmaceuticals at concentration of 60 μg·L−1 for each substance was associated with significant increase in mortality, as well as significant increase in growth and elevated incidence of malformations. Any of the tested concentrations resulted in histopathological changes of liver, kidney, skin, or gill. After fourteen days of exposure there was short-term delay of development related to increased concentrations of pharmaceuticals in the mixture (2, 20, and 60 μg·L−1). Environmentally relevant concentrations (0.02; and 0.2 μg·L−1) used in this experiment did not result in toxic impairment of tench.
Collapse
|
45
|
Corrales J, Thornton C, White M, Willett KL. Multigenerational effects of benzo[a]pyrene exposure on survival and developmental deformities in zebrafish larvae. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 148:16-26. [PMID: 24440964 PMCID: PMC3940271 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In the aquatic environment, adverse outcomes from dietary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure are poorly understood, and multigenerational developmental effects following exposure to PAHs are in need of exploration. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a model PAH, is a recognized carcinogen and endocrine disruptor. Here adult zebrafish (F0) were fed 0, 10, 114, or 1,012 μg BaP/g diet at a feed rate of 1% body weight twice/day for 21 days. Eggs were collected and embryos (F1) were raised to assess mortality and time to hatch at 24, 32, 48, 56, 72, 80, and 96 h post fertilization (hpf) before scoring developmental deformities at 96 hpf. F1 generation fish were raised to produce the F2 generation followed by the F3 and F4 generations. Mortality significantly increased in the higher dose groups of BaP (2.3 and 20 μg BaP/g fish) in the F1 generation while there were no differences in the F2, F3, or F4 generations. In addition, premature hatching was observed among the surviving fish in the higher dose of the F1 generation, but no differences were found in the F2 and F3 generations. While only the adult F0 generation was BaP-treated, this exposure resulted in multigenerational phenotypic impacts on at least two generations (F1 and F2). Body morphology deformities (shape of body, tail, and pectoral fins) were the most severe abnormality observed, and these were most extreme in the F1 generation but still present in the F2 but not F3 generations. Craniofacial structures (length of brain regions, size of optic and otic vesicles, and jaw deformities), although not significantly affected in the F1 generation, emerged as significant deformities in the F2 generation. Future work will attempt to molecularly anchor the persistent multigenerational phenotypic deformities noted in this study caused by BaP exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jone Corrales
- Department of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology Research Program, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Cammi Thornton
- Department of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology Research Program, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Mallory White
- Department of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology Research Program, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Kristine L Willett
- Department of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology Research Program, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Gonzalez-Rey M, Bebianno MJ. Effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac exposure in mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 148:221-230. [PMID: 24525329 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, research studies have increasingly focused on assessing the occurrence of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in ecosystems. However, much remains unknown concerning the potential effects on APIs on non-target organisms due to the complexity of the mode of action, reactivity and bioconcentration potential for each specific drug. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac (DCF) is one of the most frequently detected APIs in surface waters worldwide and has recently been included in the list of priority substances under the European Commission. In this study, mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were exposed to an environmentally relevant nominal concentration of DCF (250 ng L(-1)) over 15 days. The responses of several biomarkers were assessed in the mussel tissues: condition index (CI); superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and phase II glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities, lipid peroxidation levels (LPO) associated with oxidative stress, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity related to neurotoxic effects and vitellogenin-like proteins linked to endocrine disruption. This study demonstrated significant induction of SOD and GR activities in the gills in addition to high CAT activity and LPO levels in the digestive gland. Phase II GST remained unaltered in both tissues, while the up-regulation of the AChE activity was directly related to the vitellogenin-like protein levels in exposed females, indicating an alteration in the estrogenic activity, rather than a breakdown in cholinergic neurotransmission function. This study confirmed that DCF at a concentration often observed in surface water induces tissue-specific biomarker responses. Finally, this study also revealed the importance of a multi-biomarker approach when assessing the potentially deleterious effects in a species that may be vulnerable to the continuously discharge of APIs into the ecosystems; this approach provides crucial new information regarding the unknown effects of DCF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gonzalez-Rey
- CIMA, Marine and Environmental Research Centre, University of Algarve, Faro, Campus de Gambelas, 8000-135 Faro, Portugal
| | - Maria João Bebianno
- CIMA, Marine and Environmental Research Centre, University of Algarve, Faro, Campus de Gambelas, 8000-135 Faro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Secondes MFN, Naddeo V, Belgiorno V, Ballesteros F. Removal of emerging contaminants by simultaneous application of membrane ultrafiltration, activated carbon adsorption, and ultrasound irradiation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 264:342-349. [PMID: 24316806 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Advanced wastewater treatment is necessary to effectively remove emerging contaminants (ECs) with chronic toxicity, endocrine disrupting effects, and the capability to induce the proliferation of highly resistant microbial strains in the environment from before wastewater disposal or reuse. This paper investigates the efficiency of a novel hybrid process that applies membrane ultrafiltration, activated carbon adsorption, and ultrasound irradiation simultaneously to remove ECs. Diclofenac, carbamazepine, and amoxicillin are chosen for this investigation because of their assessed significant environmental risks. Removal mechanisms and enhancement effects are analysed in single and combined processes. The influence of adsorbent dose and ultrasonic frequency to EC removal are also investigated. Results suggest that adsorption is probably the main removal mechanism and is affected by the nature of ECs and the presence of other components in the mixture. Almost complete removals are achieved in the hybrid process for all ECs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona Freda N Secondes
- Environmental Engineering Graduate Program, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Philippines - Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Vincenzo Naddeo
- Sanitary and Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano 84084 (SA), Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Belgiorno
- Sanitary and Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano 84084 (SA), Italy
| | - Florencio Ballesteros
- Environmental Engineering Graduate Program, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Philippines - Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lin T, Chen Y, Chen W. Impact of toxicological properties of sulfonamides on the growth of zebrafish embryos in the water. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 36:1068-1076. [PMID: 24141258 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2013.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Extensive use of pharmaceutical compounds may result in contamination of water bodies lying adjacent to areas where there is a high level of human activity. To evaluate potential risks to fish embryos, three sulfonamides were investigated, by means of an extended zebrafish (Danio rerio) toxicity test. The bio-toxicity of antibacterial sulfonamides, at low concentrations, was investigated by observing lethal and sub-lethal effects on embryos and larvae. Results indicated that sulfonamides caused obvious toxic effects on spontaneous movements, heartbeats and hatching of t embryos, and also resulted in malformations in embryos and larvae. A significant toxicity effect was observed in zebrafish embryos and larvae that had been exposed to a low concentration of sulfadimidine (0.001 mg/L), and a significant difference was noted between the exposed and the blank control groups. Exposure to a low concentration of sulfonamide resulted in characteristic malformations, including pericardial edema, yolk sac edema, hemoglutinations, tail deformation and swim bladder defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Liu X, Zhang T, Zhou Y, Fang L, Shao Y. Degradation of atenolol by UV/peroxymonosulfate: kinetics, effect of operational parameters and mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 93:2717-2724. [PMID: 24083900 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.08.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Photoactivation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) with UV (254nm) irradiation was used to generate the SO4(-)-based advanced oxidation process, which was adopted to degrade atenolol (ATL) in water. The second-order reaction rate constants of ATL with HO and SO4(-) were determined, and the effects of operational parameters (dose of PMS, solution pH, HCO3(-), humic acids (HA), and N2 bubbling) were evaluated as well. Finally the main transformation intermediates were identified and possible degradation pathways were proposed. The results showed that there was a linear positive correlation between the degradation rate of ATL and specific dose of PMS (1-16M PMS/M ATL). Increasing solution pH from 3 to 9 promoted elimination of ATL due to the pH-dependent effect of PMS photodecomposition, while further pH increase from 9 to 11 caused slowing down of degradation because of apparent conversion of HO to SO4(-). 1-8mM HCO3(-) exerted no more than 5.3% inhibition effect on ATL destruction, suggesting HCO3(-) was a weak inhibitor. Absorption (or complexation) and photosensitized oxidation induced by HA improved ATL degradation during the first minute of degradation process, whereas photon competition and radical scavenging effects became the leading role afterward. Bubbling with nitrogen enhanced the degradation rate due to the stripping of dissolved oxygen. Hydroxylation of aromatic ring, cleavage of ether bond, oxidation of primary and secondary amine moieties, and dimerization were involved in the degradation mechanism of ATL by UV/PMS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Liu
- Institute of Municipal Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Galus M, Kirischian N, Higgins S, Purdy J, Chow J, Rangaranjan S, Li H, Metcalfe C, Wilson JY. Chronic, low concentration exposure to pharmaceuticals impacts multiple organ systems in zebrafish. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 132-133:200-11. [PMID: 23375851 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are found in both receiving and drinking water due to their persistent release in waste-water effluents, raising concerns for environmental and human health. Chronic, aqueous exposure of zebrafish (Danio rerio) to environmentally relevant concentrations of acetaminophen (ACE), venlafaxaine (VEN) (10μgL(-1)), carbamazepine (CBZ) and gemfibrozil (GEM) (0.5 and 10μgL(-1)) decreased reproductive output. Atretic oocytes and altered ovarian histology were seen in female zebrafish exposed to CBZ and GEM, suggesting a direct effect on oocyte development that may account for the reduced fecundity. Apoptosis within the theca and granulosa cells was identified in exposed female zebrafish with atretic oocytes by TUNEL positive staining. The incidence of follicular apoptosis was nearly 2-fold higher in exposed females than the controls. All compounds significantly altered kidney proximal tubule morphology but there was no difference in the incidence of apoptotic cells within the kidney between control and exposed in either males or females. Liver histology was altered by ACE and GEM exposure. Parental exposure to pharmaceuticals did not increase developmental abnormalities, hatching success, or mortality in embryos. Yet, direct exposure of embryos to ACE increased developmental abnormalities and mortality; exposure to 0.5μgL(-1) of all pharmaceuticals increased mortality. CBZ decreased plasma 11-ketotestosterone concentrations in males and females. Overall, these data suggest that low concentration, chronic exposure of fish to pharmaceuticals impacts fish development as well as multiple organ systems in adult fish, leading to effects on reproduction and histology of liver and kidney. These results are significant in understanding the consequences of chronic, low concentration pharmaceutical exposure to fish and suggest that exposed populations are at risk of negative impacts to reproduction and health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Galus
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton ON, Canada L8S 4K1.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|