1
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Rosselot C, Li Y, Wang P, Alvarsson A, Beliard K, Lu G, Kang R, Li R, Liu H, Gillespie V, Tzavaras N, Kumar K, DeVita RJ, Stewart AF, Stanley SA, Garcia-Ocaña A. Harmine and exendin-4 combination therapy safely expands human β cell mass in vivo in a mouse xenograft system. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadg3456. [PMID: 38985854 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adg3456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Five hundred thirty-seven million people globally suffer from diabetes. Insulin-producing β cells are reduced in number in most people with diabetes, but most individuals still have some residual β cells. However, none of the many diabetes drugs in common use increases human β cell numbers. Recently, small molecules that inhibit dual tyrosine-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) have been shown to induce immunohistochemical markers of human β cell replication, and this is enhanced by drugs that stimulate the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) receptor (GLP1R) on β cells. However, it remains to be demonstrated whether these immunohistochemical findings translate into an actual increase in human β cell numbers in vivo. It is also unknown whether DYRK1A inhibitors together with GLP1R agonists (GLP1RAs) affect human β cell survival. Here, using an optimized immunolabeling-enabled three-dimensional imaging of solvent-cleared organs (iDISCO+) protocol in mouse kidneys bearing human islet grafts, we demonstrate that combination of a DYRK1A inhibitor with exendin-4 increases actual human β cell mass in vivo by a mean of four- to sevenfold in diabetic and nondiabetic mice over 3 months and reverses diabetes, without alteration in human α cell mass. The augmentation in human β cell mass occurred through mechanisms that included enhanced human β cell proliferation, function, and survival. The increase in human β cell survival was mediated, in part, by the islet prohormone VGF. Together, these findings demonstrate the therapeutic potential and favorable preclinical safety profile of the DYRK1A inhibitor-GLP1RA combination for diabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Rosselot
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Yansui Li
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Peng Wang
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Alexandra Alvarsson
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kara Beliard
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Geming Lu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Randy Kang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Rosemary Li
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Virginia Gillespie
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Nikolaos Tzavaras
- Microscopy CoRE and Advanced Bioimaging Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kunal Kumar
- Drug Discovery Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Robert J DeVita
- Drug Discovery Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Andrew F Stewart
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sarah A Stanley
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Adolfo Garcia-Ocaña
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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Chernysheva МB, Ruchko ЕS, Karimova МV, Vorotelyak ЕA, Vasiliev АV. Development, regeneration, and physiological expansion of functional β-cells: Cellular sources and regulators. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1424278. [PMID: 39045459 PMCID: PMC11263198 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1424278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic regeneration is a complex process observed in both normal and pathological conditions. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the emergence of a functionally active population of insulin-secreting β-cells in the adult pancreas. The renewal of β-cells is governed by a multifaceted interaction between cellular sources of genetic and epigenetic factors. Understanding the development and heterogeneity of β-cell populations is crucial for functional β-cell regeneration. The functional mass of pancreatic β-cells increases in situations such as pregnancy and obesity. However, the specific markers of mature β-cell populations and postnatal pancreatic progenitors capable of increasing self-reproduction in these conditions remain to be elucidated. The capacity to regenerate the β-cell population through various pathways, including the proliferation of pre-existing β-cells, β-cell neogenesis, differentiation of β-cells from a population of progenitor cells, and transdifferentiation of non-β-cells into β-cells, reveals crucial molecular mechanisms for identifying cellular sources and inducers of functional cell renewal. This provides an opportunity to identify specific cellular sources and mechanisms of regeneration, which could have clinical applications in treating various pathologies, including in vitro cell-based technologies, and deepen our understanding of regeneration in different physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- М. B. Chernysheva
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Е. S. Ruchko
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Moscow, Russia
| | - М. V. Karimova
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies Charles Darwin, The Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Е. A. Vorotelyak
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Moscow, Russia
| | - А. V. Vasiliev
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Moscow, Russia
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3
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Moon JH, Choe HJ, Lim S. Pancreatic beta-cell mass and function and therapeutic implications of using antidiabetic medications in type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:669-683. [PMID: 38676410 PMCID: PMC11143426 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the focus of diabetes treatment has switched from lowering the glucose level to preserving glycemic homeostasis and slowing the disease progression. The main pathophysiology of both type 1 diabetes and long-standing type 2 diabetes is pancreatic β-cell mass loss and dysfunction. According to recent research, human pancreatic β-cells possess the ability to proliferate in response to elevated insulin demands. It has been demonstrated that in insulin-resistant conditions in humans, such as obesity or pregnancy, the β-cell mass increases. This ability could be helpful in developing novel treatment approaches to restore a functional β-cell mass. Treatment strategies aimed at boosting β-cell function and mass may be a useful tool for managing diabetes mellitus and stopping its progression. This review outlines the processes of β-cell failure and detail the many β-cell abnormalities that manifest in people with diabetes mellitus. We also go over standard techniques for determining the mass and function of β-cells. Lastly, we provide the therapeutic implications of utilizing antidiabetic drugs in controlling the mass and function of pancreatic β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Ho Moon
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University College of MedicineSeongnamSouth Korea
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamSouth Korea
| | - Hun Jee Choe
- Department of Internal MedicineHallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart HospitalHwaseongSouth Korea
| | - Soo Lim
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University College of MedicineSeongnamSouth Korea
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamSouth Korea
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Wang P, Wood O, Choleva L, Liu H, Karakose E, Lambertini L, Pillard A, Wu V, Garcia-Ocana A, Scott DK, Kumar K, DeVita RJ, Stewart AF. Select DYRK1A Inhibitors Enhance Both Proliferation and Differentiation in Human Pancreatic Beta Cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.17.594179. [PMID: 38798411 PMCID: PMC11118480 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.17.594179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The small molecule DYRK1A inhibitor, harmine, induces human beta cell proliferation, expands beta cell mass, enhances expression of beta cell phenotypic genes, and improves human beta cell function i n vitro and in vivo . It is unknown whether the "pro-differentiation effect" is a DYRK1A inhibitor class-wide effect. Here we compare multiple commonly studied DYRK1A inhibitors. Harmine, 2-2c and 5-IT increase expression of PDX1, MAFA, NKX6.1, SLC2A2, PCSK1, MAFB, SIX2, SLC2A2, SLC30A8, ENTPD3 in normal and T2D human islets. Unexpectedly, GNF4877, CC-401, INDY, CC-401 and Leucettine fail to induce expression of these essential beta cell molecules. Remarkably, the pro-differentiation effect is independent of DYRK1A inhibition: although silencing DYRK1A induces human beta cell proliferation, it has no effect on differentiation; conversely, harmine treatment enhances beta cell differentiation in DYRK1A-silenced islets. A careful screen of multiple DYRK1A inhibitor kinase candidate targets was unable to identify pro-differentiation pathways. Overall, harmine, 2-2c and 5-IT are unique among DYRK1A inhibitors in their ability to enhance both beta cell proliferation and differentiation. While beta cell proliferation is mediated by DYRK1A inhibition, the pro-differentiation effects of harmine, 2-2c and 5-IT are distinct, and unexplained in mechanistic terms. These considerations have important implications for DYRK1A inhibitor pharmaceutical development.
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Yoshino S, Ishida E, Horiguchi K, Matsumoto S, Nakajima Y, Ozawa A, Yamada M, Yamada E. Mixed-Lineage Leukaemia Gene Regulates Glucose-Sensitive Gene Expression and Insulin Secretion in Pancreatic Beta Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4704. [PMID: 38731926 PMCID: PMC11082990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The escalating prevalence of diabetes mellitus underscores the need for a comprehensive understanding of pancreatic beta cell function. Interest in glucose effectiveness has prompted the exploration of novel regulatory factors. The myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukaemia gene (MLL) is widely recognised for its role in leukemogenesis and nuclear regulatory mechanisms through its histone methyltransferase activity in active chromatin. However, its function within pancreatic endocrine tissues remains elusive. Herein, we unveil a novel role of MLL in glucose metabolism and insulin secretion. MLL knockdown in βHC-9 pancreatic beta cells diminished insulin secretion in response to glucose loading, paralleled by the downregulation of the glucose-sensitive genes SLC2a1 and SLC2a2. Similar observations were made in MLL heterozygous knockout mice (MLL+/-), which exhibited impaired glucose tolerance and reduced insulin secretion without morphological anomalies in pancreatic endocrine cells. The reduction in insulin secretion was independent of changes in beta cell mass or insulin granule morphology, suggesting the regulatory role of MLL in glucose-sensitive gene expression. The current results suggest that MLL interacts with circadian-related complexes to modulate the expression of glucose transporter genes, thereby regulating glucose sensing and insulin secretion. Our findings shed light on insulin secretion control, providing potential avenues for therapeutics against diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eijiro Yamada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan; (S.Y.); (K.H.); (S.M.); (Y.N.); (A.O.); (M.Y.)
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6
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Bourgeois S, Coenen S, Degroote L, Willems L, Van Mulders A, Pierreux J, Heremans Y, De Leu N, Staels W. Harnessing beta cell regeneration biology for diabetes therapy. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00082-1. [PMID: 38644094 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The pandemic scale of diabetes mellitus is alarming, its complications remain devastating, and current treatments still pose a major burden on those affected and on the healthcare system as a whole. As the disease emanates from the destruction or dysfunction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells, a real cure requires their restoration and protection. An attractive strategy is to regenerate β-cells directly within the pancreas; however, while several approaches for β-cell regeneration have been proposed in the past, clinical translation has proven challenging. This review scrutinizes recent findings in β-cell regeneration and discusses their potential clinical implementation. Hereby, we aim to delineate a path for innovative, targeted therapies to help shift from 'caring for' to 'curing' diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Bourgeois
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie Coenen
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure Degroote
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lien Willems
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Annelore Van Mulders
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Pierreux
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yves Heremans
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nico De Leu
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Endocrinology, Universiteit Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Endocrinology, ASZ Aalst, 9300 Aalst, Belgium.
| | - Willem Staels
- Genetics, Reproduction, and Development (GRAD), Beta Cell Neogenesis (BENE) Research Unit, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, KidZ Health Castle, Universiteit Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
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7
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Cui D, Feng X, Lei S, Zhang H, Hu W, Yang S, Yu X, Su Z. Pancreatic β-cell failure, clinical implications, and therapeutic strategies in type 2 diabetes. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:791-805. [PMID: 38479993 PMCID: PMC10997226 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000003034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pancreatic β-cell failure due to a reduction in function and mass has been defined as a primary contributor to the progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Reserving insulin-producing β-cells and hence restoring insulin production are gaining attention in translational diabetes research, and β-cell replenishment has been the main focus for diabetes treatment. Significant findings in β-cell proliferation, transdifferentiation, pluripotent stem cell differentiation, and associated small molecules have served as promising strategies to regenerate β-cells. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the mechanisms implicated in β-cell dynamic processes under physiological and diabetic conditions, in which genetic factors, age-related alterations, metabolic stresses, and compromised identity are critical factors contributing to β-cell failure in T2D. The article also focuses on recent advances in therapeutic strategies for diabetes treatment by promoting β-cell proliferation, inducing non-β-cell transdifferentiation, and reprograming stem cell differentiation. Although a significant challenge remains for each of these strategies, the recognition of the mechanisms responsible for β-cell development and mature endocrine cell plasticity and remarkable advances in the generation of exogenous β-cells from stem cells and single-cell studies pave the way for developing potential approaches to cure diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daxin Cui
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xingrong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Siman Lei
- Clinical Translational Innovation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wanxin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiaoqian Yu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhiguang Su
- Molecular Medicine Research Center and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Clinical Translational Innovation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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8
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Choi J, Cayabyab F, Perez H, Yoshihara E. Scaling Insulin-Producing Cells by Multiple Strategies. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2024; 39:191-205. [PMID: 38572534 PMCID: PMC11066437 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2023.1910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In the quest to combat insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), allogenic pancreatic islet cell therapy sourced from deceased donors represents a significant therapeutic advance. However, the applicability of this approach is hampered by donor scarcity and the demand for sustained immunosuppression. Human induced pluripotent stem cells are a game-changing resource for generating synthetic functional insulin-producing β cells. In addition, novel methodologies allow the direct expansion of pancreatic progenitors and mature β cells, thereby circumventing prolonged differentiation. Nevertheless, achieving practical reproducibility and scalability presents a substantial challenge for this technology. As these innovative approaches become more prominent, it is crucial to thoroughly evaluate existing expansion techniques with an emphasis on their optimization and scalability. This manuscript delineates these cutting-edge advancements, offers a critical analysis of the prevailing strategies, and underscores pivotal challenges, including cost-efficiency and logistical issues. Our insights provide a roadmap, elucidating both the promises and the imperatives in harnessing the potential of these cellular therapies for IDDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhyuk Choi
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Fritz Cayabyab
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Harvey Perez
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Eiji Yoshihara
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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9
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Aseer KR, Mazucanti CH, O'Connell JF, González-Mariscal I, Verma A, Yao Q, Dunn C, Liu QR, Egan JM, Doyle ME. Beta cell specific cannabinoid 1 receptor deletion counteracts progression to hyperglycemia in non-obese diabetic mice. Mol Metab 2024; 82:101906. [PMID: 38423253 PMCID: PMC10940176 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 1 diabetes (T1D) occurs because of islet infiltration by autoreactive immune cells leading to destruction of beta cells and it is becoming evident that beta cell dysfunction partakes in this process. We previously reported that genetic deletion and pharmacological antagonism of the cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1) in mice improves insulin synthesis and secretion, upregulates glucose sensing machinery, favors beta cell survival by reducing apoptosis, and enhances beta cell proliferation. Moreover, beta cell specific deletion of CB1 protected mice fed a high fat high sugar diet against islet inflammation and beta cell dysfunction. Therefore, we hypothesized that it would mitigate the dysfunction of beta cells in the precipitating events leading to T1D. METHODS We genetically deleted CB1 specifically from beta cells in non-obese diabetic (NOD; NOD RIP Cre+ Cnr1fl/fl) mice. We evaluated female NOD RIP Cre+ Cnr1fl/fl mice and their NOD RIP Cre-Cnr1fl/fl and NOD RIP Cre+ Cnr1Wt/Wt littermates for onset of hyperglycemia over 26 weeks. We also examined islet morphology, islet infiltration by immune cells and beta cell function and proliferation. RESULTS Beta cell specific deletion of CB1 in NOD mice significantly reduced the incidence of hyperglycemia by preserving beta cell function and mass. Deletion also prevented beta cell apoptosis and aggressive insulitis in NOD RIP Cre+ Cnr1fl/fl mice compared to wild-type littermates. NOD RIP Cre+ Cnr1fl/fl islets maintained normal morphology with no evidence of beta cell dedifferentiation or appearance of extra islet beta cells, indicating that protection from autoimmunity is inherent to genetic deletion of beta cell CB1. Pancreatic lymph node Treg cells were significantly higher in NOD RIP Cre+ Cnr1fl/flvs NOD RIP Cre-Cnr1fl/fl. CONCLUSIONS Collectively these data demonstrate how protection of beta cells from metabolic stress during the active phase of T1D can ameliorate destructive insulitis and provides evidence for CB1 as a potential pharmacologic target in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanikkai Raja Aseer
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Caio Henrique Mazucanti
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jennifer F O'Connell
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Isabel González-Mariscal
- Inserm UMR1190 - Translational Research of Diabetes, Pôle recherche 3ème Ouest, 1, place de Verdun 59045 Lille Cedex, France
| | - Anjali Verma
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Qin Yao
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Christopher Dunn
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Qing-Rong Liu
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Josephine M Egan
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Máire E Doyle
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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10
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Wortham M, Ramms B, Zeng C, Benthuysen JR, Sai S, Pollow DP, Liu F, Schlichting M, Harrington AR, Liu B, Prakash TP, Pirie EC, Zhu H, Baghdasarian S, Auwerx J, Shirihai OS, Sander M. Metabolic control of adaptive β-cell proliferation by the protein deacetylase SIRT2. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.24.581864. [PMID: 38464227 PMCID: PMC10925077 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.24.581864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Selective and controlled expansion of endogenous β-cells has been pursued as a potential therapy for diabetes. Ideally, such therapies would preserve feedback control of β-cell proliferation to avoid excessive β-cell expansion and an increased risk of hypoglycemia. Here, we identified a regulator of β-cell proliferation whose inactivation results in controlled β-cell expansion: the protein deacetylase Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2). Sirt2 deletion in β-cells of mice increased β-cell proliferation during hyperglycemia with little effect in homeostatic conditions, indicating preservation of feedback control of β-cell mass. SIRT2 restrains proliferation of human islet β-cells cultured in glucose concentrations above the glycemic set point, demonstrating conserved SIRT2 function. Analysis of acetylated proteins in islets treated with a SIRT2 inhibitor revealed that SIRT2 deacetylates enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, dampening the adaptive increase in oxygen consumption during hyperglycemia. At the transcriptomic level, Sirt2 inactivation has context-dependent effects on β-cells, with Sirt2 controlling how β-cells interpret hyperglycemia as a stress. Finally, we provide proof-of-principle that systemic administration of a GLP1-coupled Sirt2-targeting antisense oligonucleotide achieves β-cell selective Sirt2 inactivation and stimulates β-cell proliferation under hyperglycemic conditions. Overall, these studies identify a therapeutic strategy for increasing β-cell mass in diabetes without circumventing feedback control of β-cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Wortham
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bastian Ramms
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chun Zeng
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jacqueline R Benthuysen
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Somesh Sai
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dennis P Pollow
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Fenfen Liu
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael Schlichting
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Austin R Harrington
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bradley Liu
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Thazha P Prakash
- Department of Antisense Drug Discovery, Ionis Pharmaceuticals Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | - Elaine C Pirie
- Department of Antisense Drug Discovery, Ionis Pharmaceuticals Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | - Han Zhu
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Siyouneh Baghdasarian
- Departments of Medicine and Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrated Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Orian S Shirihai
- Departments of Medicine and Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maike Sander
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
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11
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Kimani CN, Reuter H, Kotzé SH, Venter P, Ramharack P, Muller CJF. Pancreatic beta cell regenerative potential of Zanthoxylum chalybeum Engl. Aqueous stem bark extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117374. [PMID: 37944876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zanthoxylum chalybeum Engl. is endemic to Africa and has been used traditionally to treat diabetes mellitus. Moreover, its pharmacological efficacy has been confirmed experimentally using in vitro and in vivo models of diabetes. However, the effects of Z. chalybeum extracts and its major constituent compounds on beta cell and islet regeneration are not clear. Further, the mechanisms associated with observed antidiabetic effects at the beta cell level are not fully elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY We determined the beta cell regenerative efficacy of Z. chalybeum aqueous stem bark extract, identified the chemical compounds in Z. chalybeum aqueous stem bark extracts and explored their putative mechanisms of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS Phytochemical profiling of the Z. chalybeum extract was achieved using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography hyphenated to high-resolution mass spectrometry. Thereafter, molecular interactions of the compounds with beta cell regeneration targets were evaluated via molecular docking. In vitro, effects of the extract on cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis and oxidative stress were investigated in RIN-5F beta cells exposed to palmitate or streptozotocin. In vivo, pancreas tissue sections from streptozotocin-induced diabetic male Wistar rats treated with Z. chalybeum extract were stained for insulin, glucagon, pancreatic duodenal homeobox protein 1 (Pdx-1) and Ki-67. RESULTS Based on ligand target and molecular docking interactions diosmin was identified as a dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (Dyrk1A) inhibitor. In vitro, Z. chalybeum augmented cell viability and cell proliferation while in palmitate-pre-treated cells, the extract significantly increased cell activity after 72 h. In vivo, although morphometric analysis showed decreased islet and beta cell size and density, observation of increased Pdx-1 and Ki-67 immunoreactivity in extract-treated islets suggests that Z. chalybeum extract has mild beta cell regenerative potential mediated by increased cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the mitogenic effects observed in vitro, were not robust enough to elicit sufficient recovery of functional beta cell mass in our in vivo model, in the context of a sustained diabetic milieu. However, the identification of diosmin as a potential Dyrk1A inhibitor merits further inquiry into the attendant molecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Njoki Kimani
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa; Department of Non-communicable Diseases, Institute of Primate Research, PO Box 24481, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Helmuth Reuter
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
| | - Sanet Henriët Kotzé
- Division of Clinical Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa; Division of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ross University, PO Box 334, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Pieter Venter
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa
| | - Pritika Ramharack
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Christo John Frederick Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
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12
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Choleva L, Wang P, Liu H, Wood O, Lambertini L, Scott DK, Karakose E, Stewart AF. Structure-Function Analysis of p57KIP2 in the Human Pancreatic Beta Cell Reveals a Bipartite Nuclear Localization Signal. Endocrinology 2023; 165:bqad197. [PMID: 38151968 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in CDKN1C, encoding p57KIP2, a canonical cell cycle inhibitor, underlie multiple pediatric endocrine syndromes. Despite this central role in disease, little is known about the structure and function of p57KIP2 in the human pancreatic beta cell. Since p57KIP2 is predominantly nuclear in human beta cells, we hypothesized that disease-causing mutations in its nuclear localization sequence (NLS) may correlate with abnormal phenotypes. We prepared RIP1 insulin promoter-driven adenoviruses encoding deletions of multiple disease-associated but unexplored regions of p57KIP2 and performed a comprehensive structure-function analysis of CDKN1C/p57KIP2. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot analyses confirmed p57KIP2 overexpression, construct size, and beta cell specificity. By immunocytochemistry, wild-type (WT) p57KIP2 displayed nuclear localization. In contrast, deletion of a putative NLS at amino acids 278-281 failed to access the nucleus. Unexpectedly, we identified a second downstream NLS at amino acids 312-316. Further analysis showed that each individual NLS is required for nuclear localization, but neither alone is sufficient. In summary, p57KIP2 contains a classical bipartite NLS characterized by 2 clusters of positively charged amino acids separated by a proline-rich linker region. Variants in the sequences encoding these 2 NLS sequences account for functional p57KIP2 loss and beta cell expansion seen in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauryn Choleva
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Peng Wang
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Olivia Wood
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Luca Lambertini
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Donald K Scott
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Esra Karakose
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Andrew F Stewart
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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13
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Nevzorova YA, Cubero FJ. Obesity under the moonlight of c-MYC. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1293218. [PMID: 38116204 PMCID: PMC10728299 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1293218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The moonlighting protein c-Myc is a master regulator of multiple biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, apoptosis and metabolism. It is constitutively and aberrantly expressed in more than 70% of human cancers. Overwhelming evidence suggests that c-Myc dysregulation is involved in several inflammatory, autoimmune, metabolic and other non-cancerous diseases. In this review, we addressed the role of c-Myc in obesity. Obesity is a systemic disease, accompanied by multi-organ dysfunction apart from white adipose tissue (WAT), such as the liver, the pancreas, and the intestine. c-Myc plays a big diversity of functions regulating cellular proliferation, the maturation of progenitor cells, fatty acids (FAs) metabolism, and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Moreover, c-Myc drives the expression of a wide range of metabolic genes, modulates the inflammatory response, induces insulin resistance (IR), and contributes to the regulation of intestinal dysbiosis. Altogether, c-Myc is an interesting diagnostic tool and/or therapeutic target in order to mitigate obesity and its consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia A. Nevzorova
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Cubero
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
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14
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Rademakers T, Sthijns MMJPE, Paulino da Silva Filho O, Joris V, Oosterveer J, Lam TW, van Doornmalen E, van Helden S, LaPointe VLS. Identification of Compounds Protecting Pancreatic Islets against Oxidative Stress using a 3D Pseudoislet Screening Platform. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2300264. [PMID: 37566766 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress leads to a lower success rate of clinical islet transplantation. Here, FDA-approved compounds are screened for their potential to decrease oxidative stress and to protect or enhance pancreatic islet viability and function. Studies are performed on in vitro "pseudoislet" spheroids, which are pre-incubated with 1280 different compounds and subjected to oxidative stress. Cell viability and oxidative stress levels are determined using a high-throughput fluorescence microscopy pipeline. Initial screening on cell viability results in 59 candidates. The top ten candidates are subsequently screened for their potential to decrease induced oxidative stress, and eight compounds efficient reduction of induced oxidative stress in both alpha and beta cells by 25-50%. After further characterization, the compound sulfisoxazole is found to be the most capable of reducing oxidative stress, also at short pre-incubation times, which is validated in primary human islets, where low oxidative stress levels and islet function are maintained. This study shows an effective screening strategy with 3D cell aggregates based on cell viability and oxidative stress, which leads to the discovery of several compounds with antioxidant capacity. The top candidate, sulfisoxazole is effective after a 30 min pre-incubation, maintains baseline islet function, and may help alleviate oxidative stress in pancreatic islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Rademakers
- Department of Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER, the Netherlands
| | - Mireille M J P E Sthijns
- Department of Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER, the Netherlands
- Food Innovation and Health, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Venlo, 5911 BV, the Netherlands
| | - Omar Paulino da Silva Filho
- Department of Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER, the Netherlands
| | - Virginie Joris
- Department of Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER, the Netherlands
| | - Jolien Oosterveer
- Department of Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER, the Netherlands
| | - Tsang Wai Lam
- Pivot Park Screening Centre (PPSC), Oss, 5349 AB, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Vanessa L S LaPointe
- Department of Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER, the Netherlands
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15
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Ye L, Lv Y, Wu Q, Chen Y, Zhang X, Su Y. Chronic periodontitis induces the proliferation of pancreatic β-cells to cause hyperinsulinemia in a rat model. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:1290-1299. [PMID: 37723987 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine if chronic periodontitis (CP) may induce hyperinsulinemia and may have the effect of on pancreatic β-cell proliferation in a rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: the CP group and the control group (Con group). The following contents were evaluated: pathological changes in periodontal soft and hard tissues; serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level, serum fasting insulin (FINS) level, fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) β (HOMA-β) index; histopathological examination of islets; immunohistochemistry of insulin and p-Smad2 expression in islets; immunofluorescence of changes in the relative number of β-cells and the number of Ki67-positive β-cells. Western blotting was used to analyze p-Smad2/Smad2 levels. Results were analyzed by two independent samples t tests. RESULTS Increased serum LPS level, FINS level, and HOMA-β index were observed in the rats of the CP group; FBG level did not change significantly; histological assessments showed an enlarged islet area, increased insulin content, relatively increased β-cells, increased Ki67-positive β-cells, and decreased p-Smad2 expression in islets in the rats of the CP group. CONCLUSION Our study results link CP-induced hyperinsulinemia with changes in islets, such as islet hyperplasia and compensatory β-cell proliferation, by using a CP rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Ye
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingtao Lv
- Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqi Wu
- Stomatology Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Yiyan Chen
- Stomatology Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Xueyang Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Stomatology Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Yuan Su
- Stomatology Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
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16
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Pustelny K, Grygier P, Barzowska A, Pucelik B, Matsuda A, Mrowiec K, Slugocka E, Popowicz GM, Dubin G, Czarna A. Binding mechanism and biological effects of flavone DYRK1A inhibitors for the design of new antidiabetics. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18114. [PMID: 37872245 PMCID: PMC10593742 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44810-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The selective inhibition of kinases from the diabetic kinome is known to promote the regeneration of beta cells and provide an opportunity for the curative treatment of diabetes. The effect can be achieved by carefully tailoring the selectivity of inhibitor toward a particular kinase, especially DYRK1A, previously associated with Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease. Recently DYRK1A inhibition has been shown to promote both insulin secretion and beta cells proliferation. Here, we show that commonly available flavones are effective inhibitors of DYRK1A. The observed biochemical activity of flavone compounds is confirmed by crystal structures solved at 2.06 Å and 2.32 Å resolution, deciphering the way inhibitors bind in the ATP-binding pocket of the kinase, which is driven by the arrangement of hydroxyl moieties. We also demonstrate antidiabetic properties of these biomolecules and prove that they could be further improved by therapy combined with TGF-β inhibitors. Our data will allow future structure-based optimization of the presented scaffolds toward potent, bioavailable and selective anti-diabetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Pustelny
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Grygier
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Barzowska
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Pucelik
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Alex Matsuda
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Mrowiec
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Emilia Slugocka
- Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz M Popowicz
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Grzegorz Dubin
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Czarna
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
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17
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Hirano M, Yamada Y. Reprogramming of pancreatic islet cells for regeneration and rejuvenation. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2023; 82:102099. [PMID: 37611379 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The pancreatic β cell, which produces insulin, is a terminally differentiated cell type that divides rarely. Consequently, the regenerative ability of β cells is limited and irreversible diabetes occurs after severe loss of β-cell function. In view of such poor regenerative capacity, considerable research efforts have been made to promote the expansion of functional insulin-producing cells as a regenerative therapy for diabetes. Here, we discuss recent findings regarding the robust expansion of functional mature islet cells both in vivo and ex vivo through MYCL-mediated reprogramming. We also describe the potential prospects for the application of reprogramming technologies to regenerative therapy and rejuvenation of islet cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michitada Hirano
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yamada
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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18
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Stamateris RE, Landa-Galvan HV, Sharma RB, Darko C, Redmond D, Rane SG, Alonso LC. Noncanonical CDK4 signaling rescues diabetes in a mouse model by promoting β cell differentiation. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e166490. [PMID: 37712417 PMCID: PMC10503800 DOI: 10.1172/jci166490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Expanding β cell mass is a critical goal in the fight against diabetes. CDK4, an extensively characterized cell cycle activator, is required to establish and maintain β cell number. β cell failure in the IRS2-deletion mouse type 2 diabetes model is, in part, due to loss of CDK4 regulator cyclin D2. We set out to determine whether replacement of endogenous CDK4 with the inhibitor-resistant mutant CDK4-R24C rescued the loss of β cell mass in IRS2-deficient mice. Surprisingly, not only β cell mass but also β cell dedifferentiation was effectively rescued, despite no improvement in whole body insulin sensitivity. Ex vivo studies in primary islet cells revealed a mechanism in which CDK4 intervened downstream in the insulin signaling pathway to prevent FOXO1-mediated transcriptional repression of critical β cell transcription factor Pdx1. FOXO1 inhibition was not related to E2F1 activity, to FOXO1 phosphorylation, or even to FOXO1 subcellular localization, but rather was related to deacetylation and reduced FOXO1 abundance. Taken together, these results demonstrate a differentiation-promoting activity of the classical cell cycle activator CDK4 and support the concept that β cell mass can be expanded without compromising function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E. Stamateris
- MD/PhD Program, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Huguet V. Landa-Galvan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and the Joan and Sanford I. Weill Center for Metabolic Health and
| | - Rohit B. Sharma
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and the Joan and Sanford I. Weill Center for Metabolic Health and
| | - Christine Darko
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and the Joan and Sanford I. Weill Center for Metabolic Health and
| | - David Redmond
- Hartman Institute for Therapeutic Regenerative Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sushil G. Rane
- Integrative Cellular Metabolism Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute for Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Laura C. Alonso
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and the Joan and Sanford I. Weill Center for Metabolic Health and
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19
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Deau E, Lindberg MF, Miege F, Roche D, George N, George P, Krämer A, Knapp S, Meijer L. Leucettinibs, a Class of DYRK/CLK Kinase Inhibitors Inspired by the Marine Sponge Natural Product Leucettamine B. J Med Chem 2023; 66:10694-10714. [PMID: 37487467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Dual-specificity, tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinases (DYRKs) and cdc2-like kinases (CLKs) recently attracted attention due to their central involvement in various pathologies. We here describe a family of DYRK/CLK inhibitors derived from Leucettines and the marine natural product Leucettamine B. Forty-five N2-functionalized 2-aminoimidazolin-4-ones bearing a fused [6 + 5]-heteroarylmethylene were synthesized. Benzothiazol-6-ylmethylene was selected as the most potent residue among 15 different heteroarylmethylenes. 186 N2-substituted 2-aminoimidazolin-4-ones bearing a benzothiazol-6-ylmethylene, collectively named Leucettinibs, were synthesized and extensively characterized. Subnanomolar IC50 (0.5-20 nM on DYRK1A) inhibitors were identified and one Leucettinib was modeled in DYRK1A and co-crystallized with CLK1 and the weaker inhibited off-target CSNK2A1. Kinase-inactive isomers of Leucettinibs (>3-10 μM on DYRK1A), named iso-Leucettinibs, were synthesized and characterized as suitable negative control compounds for functional experiments. Leucettinibs, but not iso-Leucettinibs, inhibit the phosphorylation of DYRK1A substrates in cells. Leucettinibs provide new research tools and potential leads for further optimization toward therapeutic drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Deau
- Perha Pharmaceuticals, Perharidy, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | | | - Frédéric Miege
- Edelris, Bâtiment Bioserra 1, 60 Avenue Rockefeller, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Didier Roche
- Edelris, Bâtiment Bioserra 1, 60 Avenue Rockefeller, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Nicolas George
- Oncodesign, 25-27 Avenue du Québec, 91140 Villebon-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pascal George
- Perha Pharmaceuticals, Perharidy, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Andreas Krämer
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von Laue Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Max-von Laue Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von Laue Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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20
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Kimani CN, Reuter H, Kotzé SH, Muller CJF. Regeneration of Pancreatic Beta Cells by Modulation of Molecular Targets Using Plant-Derived Compounds: Pharmacological Mechanisms and Clinical Potential. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6216-6245. [PMID: 37623211 PMCID: PMC10453321 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, increased cell death and loss of beta-cell mass despite chronic treatment. Consequently, there has been growing interest in developing beta cell-centered therapies. Beta-cell regeneration is mediated by augmented beta-cell proliferation, transdifferentiation of other islet cell types to functional beta-like cells or the reprograming of beta-cell progenitors into fully differentiated beta cells. This mediation is orchestrated by beta-cell differentiation transcription factors and the regulation of the cell cycle machinery. This review investigates the beta-cell regenerative potential of antidiabetic plant extracts and phytochemicals. Various preclinical studies, including in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo studies, are highlighted. Further, the potential regenerative mechanisms and the intra and extracellular mediators that are of significance are discussed. Also, the potential of phytochemicals to translate into regenerative therapies for T2D patients is highlighted, and some suggestions regarding future perspectives are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Njoki Kimani
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Helmuth Reuter
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Sanet Henriët Kotzé
- Division of Clinical Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ross University, Basseterre P.O. Box 334, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Christo John Fredrick Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa
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21
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Basile G, Vetere A, Hu J, Ijaduola O, Zhang Y, Liu KC, Eltony AM, De Jesus DF, Fukuda K, Doherty G, Leech CA, Chepurny OG, Holz GG, Yun SH, Andersson O, Choudhary A, Wagner BK, Kulkarni RN. Excess pancreatic elastase alters acinar-β cell communication by impairing the mechano-signaling and the PAR2 pathways. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1242-1260.e9. [PMID: 37339634 PMCID: PMC10834355 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 (T1D) or type 2 diabetes (T2D) are caused by a deficit of functional insulin-producing β cells. Thus, the identification of β cell trophic agents could allow the development of therapeutic strategies to counteract diabetes. The discovery of SerpinB1, an elastase inhibitor that promotes human β cell growth, prompted us to hypothesize that pancreatic elastase (PE) regulates β cell viability. Here, we report that PE is up-regulated in acinar cells and in islets from T2D patients, and negatively impacts β cell viability. Using high-throughput screening assays, we identified telaprevir as a potent PE inhibitor that can increase human and rodent β cell viability in vitro and in vivo and improve glucose tolerance in insulin-resistant mice. Phospho-antibody microarrays and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis identified PAR2 and mechano-signaling pathways as potential mediators of PE. Taken together, our work highlights PE as a potential regulator of acinar-β cell crosstalk that acts to limit β cell viability, leading to T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Basile
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Amedeo Vetere
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jiang Hu
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Oluwaseun Ijaduola
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ka-Cheuk Liu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Amira M Eltony
- Harvard Medical School and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Dario F De Jesus
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kazuki Fukuda
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Grace Doherty
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Colin A Leech
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Oleg G Chepurny
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - George G Holz
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA; Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Seok-Hyun Yun
- Harvard Medical School and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Olov Andersson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Amit Choudhary
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Bridget K Wagner
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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22
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Kang RB, Li Y, Rosselot C, Zhang T, Siddiq M, Rajbhandari P, Stewart AF, Scott DK, Garcia-Ocana A, Lu G. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing of human pancreatic islets identifies novel gene sets and distinguishes β-cell subpopulations with dynamic transcriptome profiles. Genome Med 2023; 15:30. [PMID: 37127706 PMCID: PMC10150516 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-023-01179-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) provides valuable insights into human islet cell types and their corresponding stable gene expression profiles. However, this approach requires cell dissociation that complicates its utility in vivo. On the other hand, single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) has compatibility with frozen samples, elimination of dissociation-induced transcriptional stress responses, and affords enhanced information from intronic sequences that can be leveraged to identify pre-mRNA transcripts. METHODS We obtained nuclear preparations from fresh human islet cells and generated snRNA-seq datasets. We compared these datasets to scRNA-seq output obtained from human islet cells from the same donor. We employed snRNA-seq to obtain the transcriptomic profile of human islets engrafted in immunodeficient mice. In both analyses, we included the intronic reads in the snRNA-seq data with the GRCh38-2020-A library. RESULTS First, snRNA-seq analysis shows that the top four differentially and selectively expressed genes in human islet endocrine cells in vitro and in vivo are not the canonical genes but a new set of non-canonical gene markers including ZNF385D, TRPM3, LRFN2, PLUT (β-cells); PTPRT, FAP, PDK4, LOXL4 (α-cells); LRFN5, ADARB2, ERBB4, KCNT2 (δ-cells); and CACNA2D3, THSD7A, CNTNAP5, RBFOX3 (γ-cells). Second, by integrating information from scRNA-seq and snRNA-seq of human islet cells, we distinguish three β-cell sub-clusters: an INS pre-mRNA cluster (β3), an intermediate INS mRNA cluster (β2), and an INS mRNA-rich cluster (β1). These display distinct gene expression patterns representing different biological dynamic states both in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, the INS mRNA-rich cluster (β1) becomes the predominant sub-cluster in vivo. CONCLUSIONS In summary, snRNA-seq and pre-mRNA analysis of human islet cells can accurately identify human islet cell populations, subpopulations, and their dynamic transcriptome profile in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randy B Kang
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Present address: Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yansui Li
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Carolina Rosselot
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Genomics Resources Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Mustafa Siddiq
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Prashant Rajbhandari
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Andrew F Stewart
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Donald K Scott
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Adolfo Garcia-Ocana
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Present address: Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Geming Lu
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Present address: Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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23
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Vanderkruk B, Maeshima N, Pasula DJ, An M, McDonald CL, Suresh P, Luciani DS, Lynn FC, Hoffman BG. Methylation of histone H3 lysine 4 is required for maintenance of beta cell function in adult mice. Diabetologia 2023; 66:1097-1115. [PMID: 36912927 PMCID: PMC10163146 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05896-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Beta cells control glucose homeostasis via regulated production and secretion of insulin. This function arises from a highly specialised gene expression programme that is established during development and then sustained, with limited flexibility, in terminally differentiated cells. Dysregulation of this programme is seen in type 2 diabetes but mechanisms that preserve gene expression or underlie its dysregulation in mature cells are not well resolved. This study investigated whether methylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4), a marker of gene promoters with unresolved functional importance, is necessary for the maintenance of mature beta cell function. METHODS Beta cell function, gene expression and chromatin modifications were analysed in conditional Dpy30 knockout mice, in which H3K4 methyltransferase activity is impaired, and in a mouse model of diabetes. RESULTS H3K4 methylation maintains expression of genes that are important for insulin biosynthesis and glucose responsiveness. Deficient methylation of H3K4 leads to a less active and more repressed epigenome profile that locally correlates with gene expression deficits but does not globally reduce gene expression. Instead, developmentally regulated genes and genes in weakly active or suppressed states particularly rely on H3K4 methylation. We further show that H3K4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) is reorganised in islets from the Leprdb/db mouse model of diabetes in favour of weakly active and disallowed genes at the expense of terminal beta cell markers with broad H3K4me3 peaks. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Sustained methylation of H3K4 is critical for the maintenance of beta cell function. Redistribution of H3K4me3 is linked to gene expression changes that are implicated in diabetes pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Vanderkruk
- Diabetes Research Group, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nina Maeshima
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Daniel J Pasula
- Diabetes Research Group, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Meilin An
- Diabetes Research Group, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Cassandra L McDonald
- Diabetes Research Group, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Priya Suresh
- Diabetes Research Group, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dan S Luciani
- Diabetes Research Group, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Francis C Lynn
- Diabetes Research Group, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Brad G Hoffman
- Diabetes Research Group, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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24
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Yang Y, Fan X, Liu Y, Ye D, Liu C, Yang H, Su Z, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Function and Inhibition of DYRK1A: emerging roles of treating multiple human diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 212:115521. [PMID: 36990324 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) is an evolutionarily conserved protein kinase and the most studied member of the Dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase (DYRK) family. It has been shown that it participates in the development of plenty of diseases, and both the low or high expression of DYRK1A protein could lead to disorder. Thus, DYRK1A is recognized as a key target for the therapy for these diseases, and the studies on natural or synthetic DYRK1A inhibitors have become more and more popular. Here, we provide a comprehensive review for DYRK1A from the structure and function of DYRK1A, the roles of DYRK1A in various types of diseases, including diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases, and kinds of cancers, and the studies of its natural and synthetic inhibitors.
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25
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Cell Replacement Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes Patients: Potential Mechanisms Leading to Stem-Cell-Derived Pancreatic β-Cell Loss upon Transplant. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050698. [PMID: 36899834 PMCID: PMC10000642 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell replacement therapy using stem-cell-derived insulin-producing β-like cells (sBCs) has been proposed as a practical cure for patients with type one diabetes (T1D). sBCs can correct diabetes in preclinical animal models, demonstrating the promise of this stem cell-based approach. However, in vivo studies have demonstrated that most sBCs, similarly to cadaveric human islets, are lost upon transplantation due to ischemia and other unknown mechanisms. Hence, there is a critical knowledge gap in the current field concerning the fate of sBCs upon engraftment. Here we review, discuss effects, and propose additional potential mechanisms that could contribute toward β-cell loss in vivo. We summarize and highlight some of the literature on phenotypic loss in β-cells under both steady, stressed, and diseased diabetic conditions. Specifically, we focus on β-cell death, dedifferentiation into progenitors, trans-differentiation into other hormone-expressing cells, and/or interconversion into less functional β-cell subtypes as potential mechanisms. While current cell replacement therapy efforts employing sBCs carry great promise as an abundant cell source, addressing the somewhat neglected aspect of β-cell loss in vivo will further accelerate sBC transplantation as a promising therapeutic modality that could significantly enhance the life quality of T1D patients.
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26
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Son J, Du W, Esposito M, Shariati K, Ding H, Kang Y, Accili D. Genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of ALDH1A3 as a treatment of β-cell failure. Nat Commun 2023; 14:558. [PMID: 36732513 PMCID: PMC9895451 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36315-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with β-cell dedifferentiation. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 isoform A3 (ALHD1A3) is a marker of β-cell dedifferentiation and correlates with T2D progression. However, it is unknown whether ALDH1A3 activity contributes to β-cell failure, and whether the decrease of ALDH1A3-positive β-cells (A+) following pair-feeding of diabetic animals is due to β-cell restoration. To tackle these questions, we (i) investigated the fate of A+ cells during pair-feeding by lineage-tracing, (ii) somatically ablated ALDH1A3 in diabetic β-cells, and (iii) used a novel selective ALDH1A3 inhibitor to treat diabetes. Lineage tracing and functional characterization show that A+ cells can be reconverted to functional, mature β-cells. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of ALDH1A3 in diabetic mice lowers glycemia and increases insulin secretion. Characterization of β-cells following ALDH1A3 inhibition shows reactivation of differentiation as well as regeneration pathways. We conclude that ALDH1A3 inhibition offers a therapeutic strategy against β-cell dysfunction in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsook Son
- Department of Medicine and Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Wen Du
- Department of Medicine and Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Mark Esposito
- Kayothera Inc, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, 08544, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Kaavian Shariati
- Department of Medicine and Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Hongxu Ding
- Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, 08544, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Domenico Accili
- Department of Medicine and Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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27
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Marshall G, Cserny J, Wang CW, Looney B, Posgai AL, Bacher R, Keselowsky B, Brusko TM. Biomaterials-based nanoparticles conjugated to regulatory T cells provide a modular system for localized delivery of pharmacotherapeutic agents. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:185-197. [PMID: 36082558 PMCID: PMC9742177 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) presents with two therapeutic challenges: the need to correct underlying autoimmunity and restore β-cell mass. We harnessed the unique capacity of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and the T cell receptor (TCR) to direct tolerance induction along with tissue-localized delivery of therapeutic agents to restore endogenous β-cell function. Specifically, we designed a combinatorial therapy involving biomaterials-based poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles co-loaded with the Treg growth factor, IL-2, and the β-cell regenerative agent, harmine (a tyrosine-regulated kinase 1A [DYRK1A] inhibitor), conjugated to the surface of Tregs. We observed continuous elution of IL-2 and harmine from nanoparticles for at least 7 days in vitro. When conjugated to primary human Tregs, IL-2 nanoparticles provided sufficient IL-2 receptor signaling to support STAT5 phosphorylation for sustained phenotypic stability and viability in culture. Inclusion of poly-L-lysine (PLL) during nanoparticle-cell coupling dramatically increased conjugation efficiency, providing sufficient IL-2 to support in vitro proliferation of IL-2-dependent CTLL-2 cells and primary murine Tregs. In 12-week-old female non-obese diabetic mice, adoptive transfer of IL-2/harmine nanoparticle-conjugated NOD.BDC2.5 Tregs, which express an islet antigen-specific TCR, significantly prevented diabetes demonstrating preserved in vivo viability. These data provide the preclinical basis to develop a biomaterials-optimized cellular therapy to restore immune tolerance and promote β-cell proliferation in T1D through receptor-targeted drug delivery within pancreatic islets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Judit Cserny
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA
| | | | | | - Amanda L. Posgai
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA
| | - Rhonda Bacher
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Benjamin Keselowsky
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA
| | - Todd M. Brusko
- Inspira Therapeutics, Inc., Alachua, FL 32615, USA,Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA,Correspondence to: Todd M. Brusko, PhD, Department of Pathology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Box 100275, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610; (352) 273-9255; Fax (352) 273-9339;
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28
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Zarin B, Nedaeinia R, Laher I, Manian M, Javanmard SH. The effects of ALK5 inhibition and simultaneous inhibition or activation of HIF-1α in melanoma tumor growth and angiogenesis. Tumour Biol 2023; 45:111-126. [PMID: 37927290 DOI: 10.3233/tub-220020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia is the most common signature of the tumor microenvironment that drives tumorigenesis through the complex crosstalk of a family of transcription factors called hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), with other intercellular signaling networks. Hypoxia increases transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) expression. TGF-β and HIF-1α play critical roles in several malignancies and their interactions in melanoma progression remain unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the impact of inhibiting activin receptor-like kinase-5 (ALK5), a TGF-β receptor, on the response to HIF-1α activation or inhibition in melanoma tumor progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tumors were induced in C57BL/6J mice by subcutaneous inoculation with B16F10 melanoma cells. Mice were divided into HIF-1α inhibitor, ALK5 inhibitor (1 mg/kg) and HIF-1α inhibitor (100 mg/kg), ALK5 inhibitor, HIF-1α activator (1000 mg/kg), HIF-1α activator and ALK5 inhibitor, and control groups to receive inhibitors and activators through intraperitoneal injection. The expression of E-cadherin was evaluated by RT-qPCR. Vessel density and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFR)-β+ cells around the vessels were investigated using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The groups receiving HIF-1α inhibitor and activator showed lower and higher tumor growth compared to the control group, respectively. E-cadherin expression decreased in all groups compared to the control group, illustrating the dual function of E-cadherin in the tumor microenvironment. Vascular density was reduced in the groups given HIF-1α inhibitor, ALK5 inhibitor, and ALK5 and HIF-1α inhibitor simultaneously. The percentage of PDGFR-β+ cells was reduced in the presence of HIF-1α inhibitor, ALK5 inhibitor, HIF-1α and ALK5 inhibitors, and upon simultaneous treatment with HIF-1α activator and ALK5 inhibitor. CONCLUSION Despite increased expression and interaction between TGF-β and HIF-1α pathways in some cancers, in melanoma, inhibition of either pathway alone may have a stronger effect on tumor inhibition than simultaneous inhibition of both pathways. The synergistic effects may be context-dependent and should be further evaluated in different cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Zarin
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Nedaeinia
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mostafa Manian
- Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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29
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Pucelik B, Barzowska A, Czarna A. DYRK1A inhibitors leucettines and TGF-β inhibitor additively stimulate insulin production in beta cells, organoids, and isolated mouse islets. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285208. [PMID: 37195917 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The decreased β-cell mass and impaired β-cell functionality are the primary causes of diabetes mellitus (DM). Nevertheless, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which β-cell growth and function are controlled are not fully understood. In this work, we show that leucettines, known to be DYRK1A kinase inhibitors, can improve glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in rodent β-cells and isolated islets, as well as in hiPSC-derived β-cells islets. We confirm that DYRK1A is expressed in murine insulinoma cells MIN6. In addition, we found that treatment with selected leucettines stimulates proliferation of β-cells and promotes MIN6 cell cycle progression to the G2/M phase. This effect is also confirmed by increased levels of cyclin D1, which is highly responsive to proliferative signals. Among other leucettines, leucettine L43 had a negligible impact on β-cell proliferation, but markedly impair GSIS. However, leucettine L41, in combination with LY364947, a, a potent and selective TGF-β type-I receptor, significantly promotes GSIS in various cellular diabetic models, including MIN6 and INS1E cells in 2D and 3D culture, iPSC-derived β-cell islets derived from iPSC, and isolated mouse islets, by increased insulin secretion and decreased glucagon level. Our findings confirm an important role of DYRK1A inhibitors as modulators of β-cells function and suggested a new potential target for antidiabetic therapy. Moreover, we show in detail that leucettine derivatives represent promising antidiabetic agents and are worth further evaluation, especially in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pucelik
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Barzowska
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa, Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Czarna
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa, Krakow, Poland
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30
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Guo Y, Li L, Yao Y, Li H. Regeneration of Pancreatic β-Cells for Diabetes Therapeutics by Natural DYRK1A Inhibitors. Metabolites 2022; 13:metabo13010051. [PMID: 36676976 PMCID: PMC9865674 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance and islet β-cell dysfunction. Up to now, the focus of diabetes treatment has been to control blood glucose to prevent diabetic complications. There is an urgent need to develop a therapeutic approach to restore the mass and function of β-cells. Although exogenous islet cell transplantation has been used to help patients control blood glucose, it is costly and has very narrow application scenario. So far, small molecules have been reported to stimulate β-cell proliferation and expand β-cell mass, increasing insulin secretion. Dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) inhibitors can induce human β-cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, and show great potential in the field of diabetes therapeutics. From this perspective, we elaborated on the mechanism by which DYRK1A inhibitors regulate the proliferation of pancreatic β-cells, and summarized several effective natural DYRK1A inhibitors, hoping to provide clues for subsequent structural optimization and drug development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichuan Guo
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Lingqiao Li
- Zhejiang Starry Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Taizhou 317306, China
| | - Yuanfa Yao
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (H.L.)
| | - Hanbing Li
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (H.L.)
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31
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Katz LS, Argmann C, Lambertini L, Scott DK. T3 and glucose increase expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK1) leading to increased β-cell proliferation. Mol Metab 2022; 66:101646. [PMID: 36455788 PMCID: PMC9731891 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Thyroid hormone (T3) and high glucose concentrations are critical components of β-cell maturation and function. In the present study, we asked whether T3 and glucose signaling pathways coordinately regulate transcription of genes important for β-cell function and proliferation. METHODS RNA-seq analysis was performed on cadaveric human islets from five different donors in response to low and high glucose concentrations and in the presence or absence of T3. Gene expression was also studies in sorted human β-cells, mouse islets and Ins-1 cells by RT-qPCR. Silencing of the thyroid hormone receptors (THR) was conducted using lentiviruses. Proliferation was assessed by ki67 immunostaining in primary human/mouse islets. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assay were preformed to validate interactions of ChREBP and THR. RESULTS We found glucose-mediated expression of carbohydrate response element binding protein alpha and beta (ChREBPα and ChREBPβ) mRNAs and their target genes are highly dependent on T3 concentrations in rodent and human β-cells. In β-cells, T3 and glucose coordinately regulate the expression of ChREBPβ and PCK1 (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase-1) among other important genes for β-cell maturation. Additionally, we show the thyroid hormone receptor (THR) and ChREBP interact, and their relative response elements are located near to each other on mutually responsive genes. In FACS-sorted adult human β-cells, we found that high concentrations of glucose and T3 induced the expression of PCK1. Next, we show that overexpression of Pck1 together with dimethyl malate (DMM), a substrate precursor, significantly increased β-cell proliferation in human islets. Finally, using a Cre-Lox approach, we demonstrated that ChREBPβ contributes to Pck1-dependent β-cell proliferation in mouse β-cells. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that T3 and glucose act together to regulate ChREBPβ, leading to increased expression and activity of Pck1, and ultimately increased β-cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liora S Katz
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Carmen Argmann
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luca Lambertini
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Donald K Scott
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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32
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Mishra S, Streeter PR. Targeted delivery of harmine to xenografted human pancreatic islets promotes robust cell proliferation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19127. [PMID: 36351917 PMCID: PMC9646720 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19453-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) occurs as a consequence of the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta (β) cells and commonly presents with insulin deficiency and unregulated glycemic control. Despite improvements in the medical management of T1D, life-threatening complications are still common. Beta-cell replication to replace lost cells may be achieved by using small-molecule mitogenic drugs, like harmine. However, the safe and effective delivery of such drugs to beta cells remains a challenge. This work aims to deploy an antibody conjugated nanocarrier platform to achieve cell-specific delivery of candidate therapeutic and imaging agents to pancreatic endocrine cells. We approached this goal by generating core-shell type micellar nanocarriers composed of the tri-block copolymer, Pluronic®F127 (PEO100-PPO65-PEO100). We decorated these nanocarriers with a pancreatic endocrine cell-selective monoclonal antibody (HPi1), with preference for beta cells, to achieve active targeting. The PPO-based hydrophobic core allows encapsulation of various hydrophobic cargoes, whereas the PEO-based hydrophilic shell curbs the protein adhesion, hence prolonging the nanocarriers' systemic circulation time. The nancarriers were loaded with quantum dots (QDots) that allowed nanocarrier detection both in-vitro and in-vivo. In-vitro studies revealed that HPi1 conjugated nanocarriers could target endocrine cells in dispersed islet cell preparations with a high degree of specificity, with beta cells exhibiting a fluorescent quantum dot signal that was approximately five orders of magnitude greater than the signal associated with alpha cells. In vivo endocrine cell targeting studies demonstrated that the HPi1 conjugated nanocarriers could significantly accumulate at the islet xenograft site. For drug delivery studies, the nanocarriers were loaded with harmine. We demonstrated that HPi1 conjugated nanocarriers successfully targeted and delivered harmine to human endocrine cells in a human islet xenograft model. In this model, targeted harmine delivery yielded an ~ 41-fold increase in the number of BrdU positive cells in the human islet xenograft than that observed in untreated control mice. By contrast, non-targeted harmine yielded an ~ 9-fold increase in BrdU positive cells. We conclude that the nanocarrier platform enabled cell-selective targeting of xenografted human pancreatic endocrine cells and the selective delivery of the hydrophobic drug harmine to those cells. Further, the dramatic increase in proliferation with targeted harmine, a likely consequence of achieving higher local drug concentrations, supports the concept that targeted drug delivery may promote more potent biological responses when using harmine and/or other drugs than non-targeting approaches. These results suggest that this targeted drug delivery platform may apply in drug screening, beta cell regenerative therapies, and/or diagnostic imaging in patients with type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Mishra
- grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR USA ,grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Department of Pediatrics, Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Stem Cell Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Philip R. Streeter
- grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Department of Pediatrics, Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Stem Cell Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR USA
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33
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Bartolomé A, Ravussin Y, Yu J, Ferrante AW, Pajvani UB. An Overfeeding-Induced Obesity Mouse Model Reveals Necessity for Sin3a in Postnatal Peak β-Cell Mass Acquisition. Diabetes 2022; 71:2395-2401. [PMID: 35944274 PMCID: PMC9630089 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The increase of functional β-cell mass is paramount to maintaining glucose homeostasis in the setting of systemic insulin resistance and/or augmented metabolic load. Understanding compensatory mechanisms that allow β-cell mass adaptation may allow for the discovery of therapeutically actionable control nodes. In this study, we report the rapid and robust β-cell hyperplasic effect in a mouse model of overfeeding-induced obesity (OIO) based on direct gastric caloric infusion. By performing RNA sequencing in islets isolated from OIO mice, we identified Sin3a as a novel transcriptional regulator of β-cell mass adaptation. β-Cell-specific Sin3a knockout animals showed profound diabetes due to defective acquisition of postnatal β-cell mass. These findings reveal a novel regulatory pathway in β-cell proliferation and validate OIO as a model for discovery of other mechanistic determinants of β-cell adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Bartolomé
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | - Utpal B. Pajvani
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
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A slow-cycling/quiescent cells subpopulation is involved in glioma invasiveness. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4767. [PMID: 35970913 PMCID: PMC9378633 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32448-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric and adult high-grade gliomas are the most common primary malignant brain tumors, with poor prognosis due to recurrence and tumor infiltration after therapy. Quiescent cells have been implicated in tumor recurrence and treatment resistance, but their direct visualization and targeting remain challenging, precluding their mechanistic study. Here, we identify a population of malignant cells expressing Prominin-1 in a non-proliferating state in pediatric high-grade glioma patients. Using a genetic tool to visualize and ablate quiescent cells in mouse brain cancer and human cancer organoids, we reveal their localization at both the core and the edge of the tumors, and we demonstrate that quiescent cells are involved in infiltration of brain cancer cells. Finally, we find that Harmine, a DYRK1A/B inhibitor, partially decreases the number of quiescent and infiltrating cancer cells. Our data point to a subpopulation of quiescent cells as partially responsible of tumor invasiveness, one of the major causes of brain cancer morbidity. Quiescent cancer stem cells have been particularly associated to chemoresistance. Here, the authors show that a slowcycling subpopulation in high-grade glioma patients can invade the brain to promote tumourigenesis.
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35
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González BJ, Zhao H, Niu J, Williams DJ, Lee J, Goulbourne CN, Xing Y, Wang Y, Oberholzer J, Blumenkrantz MH, Chen X, LeDuc CA, Chung WK, Colecraft HM, Gromada J, Shen Y, Goland RS, Leibel RL, Egli D. Reduced calcium levels and accumulation of abnormal insulin granules in stem cell models of HNF1A deficiency. Commun Biol 2022; 5:779. [PMID: 35918471 PMCID: PMC9345898 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03696-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in HNF1A cause Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (HNF1A-MODY). To understand mechanisms of β-cell dysfunction, we generated stem cell-derived pancreatic endocrine cells with hypomorphic mutations in HNF1A. HNF1A-deficient β-cells display impaired basal and glucose stimulated-insulin secretion, reduced intracellular calcium levels in association with a reduction in CACNA1A expression, and accumulation of abnormal insulin granules in association with SYT13 down-regulation. Knockout of CACNA1A and SYT13 reproduce the relevant phenotypes. In HNF1A deficient β-cells, glibenclamide, a sulfonylurea drug used in the treatment of HNF1A-MODY patients, increases intracellular calcium, and restores insulin secretion. While insulin secretion defects are constitutive in β-cells null for HNF1A, β-cells heterozygous for hypomorphic HNF1A (R200Q) mutations lose the ability to secrete insulin gradually; this phenotype is prevented by correction of the mutation. Our studies illuminate the molecular basis for the efficacy of treatment of HNF1A-MODY with sulfonylureas, and suggest promise for the use of cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan J González
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center & Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Haoquan Zhao
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jacqueline Niu
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Damian J Williams
- Stem Cell Core Facility, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jaeyop Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Chris N Goulbourne
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
| | - Yuan Xing
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Jose Oberholzer
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Maria H Blumenkrantz
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center & Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Charles A LeDuc
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center & Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center & Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Henry M Colecraft
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jesper Gromada
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA.,Vertex Cell and Genetic Therapies, Watertown, MA, 02472, USA
| | - Yufeng Shen
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Robin S Goland
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center & Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Rudolph L Leibel
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center & Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Dieter Egli
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center & Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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36
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Lan C, Chen C, Qu S, Cao N, Luo H, Yu C, Wang N, Xue Y, Xia X, Fan C, Ren H, Yang Y, Jose PA, Xu Z, Wu G, Zeng C. Inhibition of DYRK1A, via histone modification, promotes cardiomyocyte cell cycle activation and cardiac repair after myocardial infarction. EBioMedicine 2022; 82:104139. [PMID: 35810562 PMCID: PMC9278077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the adult mammalian heart undergoes only modest renewal through cardiomyocyte proliferation, boosting this process is considered a promising therapeutic strategy to repair cardiac injury. This study explored the role and mechanism of dual-specificity tyrosine regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) in regulating cardiomyocyte cell cycle activation and cardiac repair after myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS DYRK1A-knockout mice and DYRK1A inhibitors were used to investigate the role of DYRK1A in cardiomyocyte cell cycle activation and cardiac repair following MI. Additionally, we explored the underlying mechanisms by combining genome-wide transcriptomic, epigenomic, and proteomic analyses. FINDINGS In adult mice subjected to MI, both conditional deletion and pharmacological inhibition of DYRK1A induced cardiomyocyte cell cycle activation and cardiac repair with improved cardiac function. Combining genome-wide transcriptomic and epigenomic analyses revealed that DYRK1A knockdown resulted in robust cardiomyocyte cell cycle activation (shown by the enhanced expression of many genes governing cell proliferation) associated with increased deposition of trimethylated histone 3 Lys4 (H3K4me3) and acetylated histone 3 Lys27 (H3K27ac) on the promoter regions of these genes. Mechanistically, via unbiased mass spectrometry, we discovered that WD repeat-containing protein 82 and lysine acetyltransferase 6A were key mediators in the epigenetic modification of H3K4me3 and H3K27ac and subsequent pro-proliferative transcriptome and cardiomyocyte cell cycle activation. INTERPRETATION Our results reveal a significant role of DYRK1A in cardiac repair and suggest a drug target with translational potential for treating cardiomyopathy. FUNDING This study was supported in part by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81930008, 82022005, 82070296, 82102834), National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1312700), Program of Innovative Research Team by the National Natural Science Foundation (81721001), and National Institutes of Health (5R01DK039308-31, 7R37HL023081-37, 5P01HL074940-11).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Lan
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Caiyu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Shuang Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Nian Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, PR China; Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China; Department of Internal Medicine, the 519th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Xichang, PR China
| | - Hao Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Cheng Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yuanzheng Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xuewei Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Chao Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Hongmei Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yongjian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Division of Renal Diseases & Hypertension, Department of Medicine and Department of Physiology/Pharmacology, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington DC, United States
| | - Zaicheng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, PR China; Department of Cancer Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Gengze Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Center of Chongqing College, Department of Cardiology of Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, PR China.
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Wang P, Karakose E, Argmann C, Wang H, Balev M, Brody RI, Rivas HG, Liu X, Wood O, Liu H, Choleva L, Hasson D, Bernstein E, Paulo JA, Scott DK, Lambertini L, DeCaprio JA, Stewart AF. Disrupting the DREAM complex enables proliferation of adult human pancreatic β cells. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e157086. [PMID: 35700053 PMCID: PMC9337832 DOI: 10.1172/jci157086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to regeneration of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells is a fundamental challenge for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Recently, small molecule inhibitors of the kinase DYRK1A have proven effective in inducing adult human β cells to proliferate, but their detailed mechanism of action is incompletely understood. We interrogated our human insulinoma and β cell transcriptomic databases seeking to understand why β cells in insulinomas proliferate, while normal β cells do not. This search reveals the DREAM complex as a central regulator of quiescence in human β cells. The DREAM complex consists of a module of transcriptionally repressive proteins that assemble in response to DYRK1A kinase activity, thereby inducing and maintaining cellular quiescence. In the absence of DYRK1A, DREAM subunits reassemble into the pro-proliferative MMB complex. Here, we demonstrate that small molecule DYRK1A inhibitors induce human β cells to replicate by converting the repressive DREAM complex to its pro-proliferative MMB conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Diabetes Obesity Metabolism Institute
- Department of Medicine, and
| | - Esra Karakose
- Diabetes Obesity Metabolism Institute
- Department of Medicine, and
| | - Carmen Argmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Rachel I. Brody
- Department of Pathology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hembly G. Rivas
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Olivia Wood
- Diabetes Obesity Metabolism Institute
- Department of Medicine, and
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Diabetes Obesity Metabolism Institute
- Department of Medicine, and
| | - Lauryn Choleva
- Diabetes Obesity Metabolism Institute
- Department of Pediatrics
| | - Dan Hasson
- The Tisch Cancer Institute
- Department of Oncological Sciences
- Bioinformatics for Next Generation Sequencing (BiNGS) Shared Resource Facility, and
| | - Emily Bernstein
- The Tisch Cancer Institute
- Department of Oncological Sciences
- The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joao A. Paulo
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Donald K. Scott
- Diabetes Obesity Metabolism Institute
- Department of Medicine, and
| | - Luca Lambertini
- Diabetes Obesity Metabolism Institute
- Department of Medicine, and
| | - James A. DeCaprio
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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38
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Katz LS, Brill G, Zhang P, Kumar A, Baumel-Alterzon S, Honig LB, Gómez-Banoy N, Karakose E, Tanase M, Doridot L, Alvarsson A, Davenport B, Wang P, Lambertini L, Stanley SA, Homann D, Stewart AF, Lo JC, Herman MA, Garcia-Ocaña A, Scott DK. Maladaptive positive feedback production of ChREBPβ underlies glucotoxic β-cell failure. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4423. [PMID: 35908073 PMCID: PMC9339008 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32162-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Preservation and expansion of β-cell mass is a therapeutic goal for diabetes. Here we show that the hyperactive isoform of carbohydrate response-element binding protein (ChREBPβ) is a nuclear effector of hyperglycemic stress occurring in β-cells in response to prolonged glucose exposure, high-fat diet, and diabetes. We show that transient positive feedback induction of ChREBPβ is necessary for adaptive β-cell expansion in response to metabolic challenges. Conversely, chronic excessive β-cell-specific overexpression of ChREBPβ results in loss of β-cell identity, apoptosis, loss of β-cell mass, and diabetes. Furthermore, β-cell "glucolipotoxicity" can be prevented by deletion of ChREBPβ. Moreover, ChREBPβ-mediated cell death is mitigated by overexpression of the alternate CHREBP gene product, ChREBPα, or by activation of the antioxidant Nrf2 pathway in rodent and human β-cells. We conclude that ChREBPβ, whether adaptive or maladaptive, is an important determinant of β-cell fate and a potential target for the preservation of β-cell mass in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liora S Katz
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Gabriel Brill
- Pharmacologic Sciences Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Pili Zhang
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Anil Kumar
- Metabolic Phenotyping Core, University of Utah, 15N 2030 E, 585, Radiobiology building, Room 151, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Sharon Baumel-Alterzon
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Lee B Honig
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Nicolás Gómez-Banoy
- Weill Center for Metabolic Health and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Esra Karakose
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Marius Tanase
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Ludivine Doridot
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Alvarsson
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
- Alpenglow Biosciences, Inc., 98103, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bennett Davenport
- 12800 East 19th Ave, Anschutz Medical Campus, Room P18-9403, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Peng Wang
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Luca Lambertini
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Sarah A Stanley
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Dirk Homann
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Andrew F Stewart
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - James C Lo
- Weill Center for Metabolic Health and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Mark A Herman
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Section of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS: 185, R614, 77030, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Adolfo Garcia-Ocaña
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Donald K Scott
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1152, New York, 10029, USA.
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Abderrahmani A, Jacovetti C, Regazzi R. Lessons from neonatal β-cell epigenomic for diabetes prevention and treatment. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:378-389. [PMID: 35382967 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell expansion and functional maturation during the birth-to-weaning period plays an essential role in the adaptation of plasma insulin levels to metabolic needs. These events are driven by epigenetic programs triggered by growth factors, hormones, and nutrients. These mechanisms operating in the neonatal period can be at least in part reactivated in adult life to increase the functional β-cell mass and face conditions of increased insulin demand such as obesity or pregnancy. In this review, we will highlight the importance of studying these signaling pathways and epigenetic programs to understand the causes of different forms of diabetes and to permit the design of novel therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat this metabolic disorder affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar Abderrahmani
- Universitéde Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Cécile Jacovetti
- Department of Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Romano Regazzi
- Department of Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Science, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Stem Cell-Derived Islets for Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095099. [PMID: 35563490 PMCID: PMC9105352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of insulin a century ago, insulin injection has been a primary treatment for both type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is a complicated disea se that is triggered by the dysfunction of insulin-producing β cells and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. Insulin injection partially compensates for the role of endogenous insulin which promotes glucose uptake, lipid synthesis and organ growth. However, lacking the continuous, rapid, and accurate glucose regulation by endogenous functional β cells, the current insulin injection therapy is unable to treat the root causes of the disease. Thus, new technologies such as human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived islets are needed for both identifying the key molecular and genetic causes of T2D and for achieving a long-term treatment. This perspective review will provide insight into the efficacy of hPSC-derived human islets for treating and understanding T2D. We discuss the evidence that β cells should be the primary target for T2D treatment, the use of stem cells for the modeling of T2D and the potential use of hPSC-derived islet transplantation for treating T2D.
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Young A, Bradley LA, Farrar E, Bilcheck HO, Tkachenko S, Saucerman JJ, Bekiranov S, Wolf MJ. Inhibition of DYRK1a Enhances Cardiomyocyte Cycling After Myocardial Infarction. Circ Res 2022; 130:1345-1361. [PMID: 35369706 PMCID: PMC9050942 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.320005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DYRK1a (dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1a) contributes to the control of cycling cells, including cardiomyocytes. However, the effects of inhibition of DYRK1a on cardiac function and cycling cardiomyocytes after myocardial infarction (MI) remain unknown. METHODS We investigated the impacts of pharmacological inhibition and conditional genetic ablation of DYRK1a on endogenous cardiomyocyte cycling and left ventricular systolic function in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) MI using αMHC-MerDreMer-Ki67p-RoxedCre::Rox-Lox-tdTomato-eGFP (RLTG) (denoted αDKRC::RLTG) and αMHC-Cre::Fucci2aR::DYRK1aflox/flox mice. RESULTS We observed that harmine, an inhibitor of DYRK1a, improved left ventricular ejection fraction (39.5±1.6% and 29.1±1.6%, harmine versus placebo, respectively), 2 weeks after I/R MI. Harmine also increased cardiomyocyte cycling after I/R MI in αDKRC::RLTG mice, 10.8±1.5 versus 24.3±2.6 enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (eGFP)+ cardiomyocytes, placebo versus harmine, respectively, P=1.0×10-3. The effects of harmine on left ventricular ejection fraction were attenuated in αDKRC::DTA mice that expressed an inducible diphtheria toxin in adult cycling cardiomyocytes. The conditional cardiomyocyte-specific genetic ablation of DYRK1a in αMHC-Cre::Fucci2aR::DYRK1aflox/flox (denoted DYRK1a k/o) mice caused cardiomyocyte hyperplasia at baseline (210±28 versus 126±5 cardiomyocytes per 40× field, DYRK1a k/o versus controls, respectively, P=1.7×10-2) without changes in cardiac function compared with controls, or compensatory changes in the expression of other DYRK isoforms. After I/R MI, DYRK1a k/o mice had improved left ventricular function (left ventricular ejection fraction 41.8±2.2% and 26.4±0.8%, DYRK1a k/o versus control, respectively, P=3.7×10-2). RNAseq of cardiomyocytes isolated from αMHC-Cre::Fucci2aR::DYRK1aflox/flox and αMHC-Cre::Fucci2aR mice after I/R MI or Sham surgeries identified enrichment in mitotic cell cycle genes in αMHC-Cre::Fucci2aR::DYRK1aflox/flox compared with αMHC-Cre::Fucci2aR. CONCLUSIONS The pharmacological inhibition or cardiomyocyte-specific ablation of DYRK1a caused baseline hyperplasia and improved cardiac function after I/R MI, with an increase in cell cycle gene expression, suggesting the inhibition of DYRK1a may serve as a therapeutic target to treat MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Young
- Department of Medicine (A.Y., L.A.B., E.F., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (A.Y., L.A.B., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Leigh A Bradley
- Department of Medicine (A.Y., L.A.B., E.F., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (A.Y., L.A.B., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Elizabeth Farrar
- Department of Medicine (A.Y., L.A.B., E.F., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Helen O Bilcheck
- Department of Medicine (A.Y., L.A.B., E.F., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (A.Y., L.A.B., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Svyatoslav Tkachenko
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering (S.T., J.J.S.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Jeffrey J Saucerman
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering (S.T., J.J.S.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Stefan Bekiranov
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (S.B.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Matthew J Wolf
- Department of Medicine (A.Y., L.A.B., E.F., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (A.Y., L.A.B., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
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Wagner BK. Small-molecule discovery in the pancreatic beta cell. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2022; 68:102150. [PMID: 35487100 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.102150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The pancreatic beta cell is the only cell type in the body responsible for insulin secretion, and thus plays a unique role in the control of glucose homeostasis. The loss of beta-cell mass and function plays an important role in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Thus, using chemical biology to identify small molecules targeting the beta cell could be an important component to developing future therapeutics for diabetes. This strategy provides an attractive path toward increasing beta-cell numbers in vivo. A regenerative strategy involves enhancing proliferation, differentiation, or neogenesis. On the other hand, protecting beta cells from cell death, or improving maturity and function, could preserve beta-cell mass. Here, we discuss the current state of chemical matter available to study beta-cell regeneration, and how they were discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget K Wagner
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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Yamaguchi M, Ohbayashi S, Ooka A, Yamashita H, Motohashi N, Kaneko YK, Kimura T, Saito SY, Ishikawa T. Harmine suppresses collagen production in hepatic stellate cells by inhibiting DYRK1B. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 600:136-141. [PMID: 35219102 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a major consequence of chronic liver disease, where excess extracellular matrix is deposited, due caused by the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). The suppression of collagen production in HSCs is therefore regarded as a therapeutic target of liver fibrosis. The present study investigated effects of harmine, which is a β-carboline alkaloid and known as an inhibitor of dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinases (DYRKs), on the production of collagen in HSCs. LX-2 cells, a human HSC cell line, were treated with harmine (0-10 μM) for 48 h in the presence or absence of TGF-β1 (5 ng/ml). The expression of collagen type I α1 (COL1A1) and DYRK isoforms was investigated by Western blotting, quantitative RT-PCR, or immunofluorescence. The influence of knockdown of each DYRK isoform on the COL1A1 expression was further investigated. The expression of COL1A1 was markedly increased by treating with TGF-β1 for 48 h in LX-2 cells. Harmine (10 μM) significantly inhibited the increased expression of COL1A1. LX-2 cells expressed mRNAs of DYRK1A, DYRK1B, DYRK2, and DYRK4, although the expression of DYRK4 was much lower than the others. Knockdown of DYRK1B, but not DYRK1A or DYRK2, with siRNA significantly suppressed TGF-β1-induced increase in COL1A1 expression. These results suggest that harmine suppresses COL1A1 expression via inhibiting DYRK1B in HSCs and therefore might be effective for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoka Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Saya Ohbayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Akira Ooka
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Hinako Yamashita
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Nanami Motohashi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yukiko K Kaneko
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Toshihide Kimura
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Saito
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1-3 Ikoinooka, Imabari City, Ehime, 794-8555, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Ishikawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
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Kimura N, Saito K, Niwa T, Yamakawa M, Igaue S, Ohkanda J, Hosoya T, Kii I. Expression and purification of DYRK1A kinase domain in complex with its folding intermediate-selective inhibitor FINDY. Protein Expr Purif 2022; 195-196:106089. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2022.106089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wang HL, Wang L, Zhao CY, Lan HY. Role of TGF-Beta Signaling in Beta Cell Proliferation and Function in Diabetes. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030373. [PMID: 35327565 PMCID: PMC8945211 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta (β) cell dysfunction or loss is the common pathological feature in all types of diabetes mellitus (diabetes). Resolving the underlying mechanism may facilitate the treatment of diabetes by preserving the β cell population and function. It is known that TGF-β signaling plays diverse roles in β cell development, function, proliferation, apoptosis, and dedifferentiation. Inhibition of TGF-β signaling expands β cell lineage in the development. However, deletion of Tgfbr1 has no influence on insulin demand-induced but abolishes inflammation-induced β cell proliferation. Among canonical TGF-β signaling, Smad3 but not Smad2 is the predominant repressor of β cell proliferation in response to systemic insulin demand. Deletion of Smad3 simultaneously improves β cell function, apoptosis, and systemic insulin resistance with the consequence of eliminated overt diabetes in diabetic mouse models, revealing Smad3 as a key mediator and ideal therapeutic target for type-2 diabetes. However, Smad7 shows controversial effects on β cell proliferation and glucose homeostasis in animal studies. On the other hand, overexpression of Tgfb1 prevents β cells from autoimmune destruction without influence on β cell function. All these findings reveal the diverse regulatory roles of TGF-β signaling in β cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Lian Wang
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (H.-L.W.); (L.W.)
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Li Wang
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (H.-L.W.); (L.W.)
| | - Chang-Ying Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China;
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital Joint Research Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-37-636-061
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Eguchi N, Toribio AJ, Alexander M, Xu I, Whaley DL, Hernandez LF, Dafoe D, Ichii H. Dysregulation of β-Cell Proliferation in Diabetes: Possibilities of Combination Therapy in the Development of a Comprehensive Treatment. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020472. [PMID: 35203680 PMCID: PMC8962301 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia as a result of insufficient insulin levels and/or impaired function as a result of autoimmune destruction or insulin resistance. While Type 1 DM (T1DM) and Type 2 DM (T2DM) occur through different pathological processes, both result in β-cell destruction and/or dysfunction, which ultimately lead to insufficient β-cell mass to maintain normoglycemia. Therefore, therapeutic agents capable of inducing β-cell proliferation is crucial in treating and reversing diabetes; unfortunately, adult human β-cell proliferation has been shown to be very limited (~0.2% of β-cells/24 h) and poorly responsive to many mitogens. Furthermore, diabetogenic insults result in damage to β cells, making it ever more difficult to induce proliferation. In this review, we discuss β-cell mass/proliferation pathways dysregulated in diabetes and current therapeutic agents studied to induce β-cell proliferation. Furthermore, we discuss possible combination therapies of proliferation agents with immunosuppressants and antioxidative therapy to improve overall long-term outcomes of diabetes.
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Liu T, Wang Y, Wang J, Ren C, Chen H, Zhang J. DYRK1A inhibitors for disease therapy: Current status and perspectives. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 229:114062. [PMID: 34954592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1 A (DYRK1A) is a conserved protein kinase that plays essential roles in various biological processes. It is located in the region q22.2 of chromosome 21, which is involved in the pathogenesis of Down syndrome (DS). Moreover, DYRK1A has been shown to promote the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides leading to gradual Tau hyperphosphorylation, which contributes to neurodegeneration. Additionally, alterations in the DRK1A expression are also associated with cancer and diabetes. Recent years have witnessed an explosive increase in the development of DYRK1A inhibitors. A variety of novel DYRK1A inhibitors have been reported as potential treatments for human diseases. In this review, the latest therapeutic potential of DYRK1A for different diseases and the novel DYRK1A inhibitors discoveries are summarized, guiding future inhibitor development and structural optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Targeted Tracer Research and development laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Institute for Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Targeted Tracer Research and development laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Institute for Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 38163, Tennessee, United States
| | - Changyu Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 38163, Tennessee, United States
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Targeted Tracer Research and development laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Institute for Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Shcheglova E, Blaszczyk K, Borowiak M. Mitogen Synergy: An Emerging Route to Boosting Human Beta Cell Proliferation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:734597. [PMID: 35155441 PMCID: PMC8829426 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.734597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Decreased number and function of beta cells are a key aspect of diabetes mellitus (diabetes), a disease that remains an onerous global health problem. Means of restoring beta cell mass are urgently being sought as a potential cure for diabetes. Several strategies, such as de novo beta cell derivation via pluripotent stem cell differentiation or mature somatic cell transdifferentiation, have yielded promising results. Beta cell expansion is another promising strategy, rendered challenging by the very low proliferative capacity of beta cells. Many effective mitogens have been identified in rodents, but the vast majority do not have similar mitogenic effects in human beta cells. Extensive research has led to the identification of several human beta cell mitogens, but their efficacy and specificity remain insufficient. An approach based on the simultaneous application of several mitogens has recently emerged and can yield human beta cell proliferation rates of up to 8%. Here, we discuss recent advances in restoration of the beta cell population, focusing on mitogen synergy, and the contribution of RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to accelerating the elucidation of signaling pathways in proliferating beta cells and the discovery of novel mitogens. Together, these approaches have taken beta cell research up a level, bringing us closer to a cure for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Shcheglova
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Blaszczyk
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Borowiak
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Malgorzata Borowiak, ;
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Wang HL, Wei B, He HJ, Huang XR, Sheng JY, Chen XC, Wang L, Tan RZ, Li JC, Liu J, Yang SJ, Ma RCW, Lan HY. Smad3 deficiency improves islet-based therapy for diabetes and diabetic kidney injury by promoting β cell proliferation via the E2F3-dependent mechanism. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:379-395. [PMID: 34987651 PMCID: PMC8690916 DOI: 10.7150/thno.67034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Poor β cell proliferation is one of the detrimental factors hindering islet cell replacement therapy for patients with diabetes. Smad3 is an important transcriptional factor of TGF-β signaling and has been shown to promote diabetes by inhibiting β cell proliferation. Therefore, we hypothesize that Smad3-deficient islets may be a novel cell replacement therapy for diabetes. Methods: We examined this hypothesis in streptozocin-induced type-1 diabetic mice and type-2 diabetic db/db mice by transplanting Smad3 knockout (KO) and wild type (WT) islets under the renal capsule, respectively. The effects of Smad3KO versus WT islet replacement therapy on diabetes and diabetic kidney injury were examined. In addition, RNA-seq was applied to identify the downstream target gene underlying Smad3-regulated β cell proliferation in Smad3KO-db/db versus Smad3WT-db/db mouse islets. Results: Compared to Smad3WT islet therapy, treatment with Smad3KO islets produced a much better therapeutic effect on both type-1 and type-2 diabetes by significantly lowering serum levels of blood glucose and HbA1c and protected against diabetic kidney injuries by preventing an increase in serum creatinine and the development of proteinuria, mesangial matrix expansion, and fibrosis. These were associated with a significant increase in grafted β cell proliferation and blood insulin levels, resulting in improved glucose intolerance. Mechanistically, RNA-seq revealed that compared with Smad3WT-db/db mouse islets, deletion of Smad3 from db/db mouse islets markedly upregulated E2F3, a pivotal regulator of cell cycle G1/S entry. Further studies found that Smad3 could bind to the promoter of E2F3, and thus inhibit β cell proliferation via an E2F3-dependent mechanism as silencing E2F3 abrogated the proliferative effect on Smad3KO β cells. Conclusion: Smad3-deficient islet replacement therapy can significantly improve both type-1 and type-2 diabetes and protect against diabetic kidney injury, which is mediated by a novel mechanism of E2F3-dependent β cell proliferation.
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Miyazaki Y, Kikuchi M, Umezawa K, Descamps A, Nakamura D, Furuie G, Sumida T, Saito K, Kimura N, Niwa T, Sumida Y, Umehara T, Hosoya T, Kii I. Structure-activity relationship for the folding intermediate-selective inhibition of DYRK1A. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 227:113948. [PMID: 34742017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
DYRK1A phosphorylates proteins involved in neurological disorders in an intermolecular manner. Meanwhile, during the protein folding process of DYRK1A, a transitional folding intermediate catalyzes the intramolecular autophosphorylation required for the "one-off" inceptive activation and stabilization. In our previous study, a small molecule termed FINDY (1) was identified, which inhibits the folding intermediate-catalyzed intramolecular autophosphorylation of DYRK1A but not the folded state-catalyzed intermolecular phosphorylation. However, the structural features of FINDY (1) responsible for this intermediate-selective inhibition remain elusive. In this study, structural derivatives of FINDY (1) were designed and synthesized according to its predicted binding mode in the ATP pocket of DYRK1A. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) of the derivatives revealed that the selectivity against the folding intermediate is determined by steric hindrance between the bulky hydrophobic moiety of the derivatives and the entrance to the pocket. In addition, a potent derivative 3 was identified, which inhibited the folding intermediate more strongly than FINDY (1); it was designated as dp-FINDY. Although dp-FINDY (3) did not inhibit the folded state, as well as FINDY (1), it inhibited the intramolecular autophosphorylation of DYRK1A in an in vitro cell-free protein synthesis assay. Furthermore, dp-FINDY (3) destabilized endogenous DYRK1A in HEK293 cells. This study provides structural insights into the folding intermediate-selective inhibition of DYRK1A and expands the chemical options for the design of a kinase inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Miyazaki
- Laboratory for Drug Target Research, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-Minowa, Kami-Ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Masaki Kikuchi
- Laboratory for Epigenetics Drug Discovery, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Koji Umezawa
- Department of Biomolecular Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-Minowa, Kami-Ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Aurelie Descamps
- Laboratory for Chemical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Daichi Nakamura
- Laboratory for Chemical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Gaku Furuie
- Laboratory for Drug Target Research, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-Minowa, Kami-Ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Tomoe Sumida
- Laboratory for Chemical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Kanako Saito
- Laboratory for Drug Target Research, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-Minowa, Kami-Ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Ninako Kimura
- Laboratory for Drug Target Research, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-Minowa, Kami-Ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan
| | - Takashi Niwa
- Laboratory for Chemical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yuto Sumida
- Laboratory for Chemical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takashi Umehara
- Laboratory for Epigenetics Drug Discovery, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Hosoya
- Laboratory for Chemical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan; Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
| | - Isao Kii
- Laboratory for Drug Target Research, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-Minowa, Kami-Ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan; Department of Biomolecular Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-Minowa, Kami-Ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan; Laboratory for Chemical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 6-7-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
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