1
|
Yunita S, Adnani QES, Zuhairini Y, Dhamayanti M, Rahmatika NS, Anwar R, Ghozali M. Anthropometry Indices and Body Composition in Adolescent Girls with Anemia: A Scoping Review. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:4131-4141. [PMID: 39220327 PMCID: PMC11363963 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s481134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
To reduce anemia rates, it is crucial to gain a deeper understanding of anemia and its associated factors. It is essential for teenagers who are going through a period of rapid growth to promptly address anemia since untreated anemia can negatively impact their reproductive health. This literature review investigated the relationship between nutritional and anthropometric status indicators, body composition, and prevalence of anemia in teenage girls. Studies were selected based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. A comprehensive search across multiple databases (PubMed= 409, ScienceDirect= 3153, Scopus= 4, Sage Journals= 358) and manual citation of five articles yielded 3929 articles, of which 630 were excluded for irrelevance, one was inaccessible, and nine articles were included in the study after assessing their eligibility. The review's findings suggest that indicators such as Body Mass Index (BMI) and Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) are indicated as initial assessments to screen the nutritional status of adolescent females and estimate their risk of anemia. Only one article has specifically discussed the connection between fat mass and anemia in terms of body composition. The need for studies on anthropometry and body composition-related anemia underscores the need to broaden investigations to gain a more nuanced understanding of this subject.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sri Yunita
- Master of Midwifery Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | | | - Yenni Zuhairini
- Departement of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Meita Dhamayanti
- Department of Child Health, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Nur Syifa Rahmatika
- Master of Biomedical Sciences Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
| | - Ruswana Anwar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Ghozali
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Y, Zhang K, Feng Y, Wu L, Jia Y, Zhao R. Alisma Orientalis Extract Ameliorates Hepatic Iron Deregulation in MAFLD Mice via FXR-Mediated Gene Repression. Nutrients 2024; 16:2272. [PMID: 39064715 PMCID: PMC11279993 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron is a vital trace element for our bodies and its imbalance can lead to various diseases. The progression of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is often accompanied by disturbances in iron metabolism. Alisma orientale extract (AOE) has been reported to alleviate MAFLD. However, research on its specific lipid metabolism targets and its potential impact on iron metabolism during the progression of MAFLD remains limited. To establish a model of MAFLD, mice were fed either a standard diet (CON) or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 9 weeks. The mice nourished on the HFD were then randomly assigned to the HF group and the HFA group, with the HFA group receiving AOE by gavage on a daily basis for 13 weeks. Supplementation with AOE remarkably reduced overabundant lipid accumulation in the liver and restored the iron content of the liver. AOE partially but significantly reversed dysregulated lipid metabolizing genes (SCD1, PPAR γ, and CD36) and iron metabolism genes (TFR1, FPN, and HAMP) induced by HFD. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays indicated that the reduced enrichment of FXR on the promoters of SCD1 and FPN genes induced by HFD was significantly reversed by AOE. These findings suggest that AOE may alleviate HFD-induced disturbances in liver lipid and iron metabolism through FXR-mediated gene repression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.F.); (L.W.); (Y.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.F.); (L.W.); (Y.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yue Feng
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.F.); (L.W.); (Y.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lei Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.F.); (L.W.); (Y.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yimin Jia
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.F.); (L.W.); (Y.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.F.); (L.W.); (Y.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- National Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu D, Hu Z, Lu J, Yi C. Redox-Regulated Iron Metabolism and Ferroptosis in Ovarian Cancer: Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Opportunities. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:791. [PMID: 39061859 PMCID: PMC11274267 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC), known for its lethality and resistance to chemotherapy, is closely associated with iron metabolism and ferroptosis-an iron-dependent cell death process, distinct from both autophagy and apoptosis. Emerging evidence suggests that dysregulation of iron metabolism could play a crucial role in OC by inducing an imbalance in the redox system, which leads to ferroptosis, offering a novel therapeutic approach. This review examines how disruptions in iron metabolism, which affect redox balance, impact OC progression, focusing on its essential cellular functions and potential as a therapeutic target. It highlights the molecular interplay, including the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), between iron metabolism and ferroptosis, and explores their interactions with key immune cells such as macrophages and T cells, as well as inflammation within the tumor microenvironment. The review also discusses how glycolysis-related iron metabolism influences ferroptosis via reactive oxygen species. Targeting these pathways, especially through agents that modulate iron metabolism and ferroptosis, presents promising therapeutic prospects. The review emphasizes the need for deeper insights into iron metabolism and ferroptosis within the redox-regulated system to enhance OC therapy and advocates for continued research into these mechanisms as potential strategies to combat OC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, China; (D.L.); (Z.H.)
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, Jingzhou 434000, China
| | - Zewen Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, China; (D.L.); (Z.H.)
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, Jingzhou 434000, China
| | - Jinzhi Lu
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, Jingzhou 434000, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, China
| | - Cunjian Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, China; (D.L.); (Z.H.)
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, Jingzhou 434000, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Skrypnik K, Schmidt M, Olejnik-Schmidt A, Harahap IA, Suliburska J. Influence of supplementation with iron and probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus curvatus on selected parameters of inflammatory state in rats on a high-fat iron-deficient diet. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:4411-4424. [PMID: 38339838 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high-fat (HF) diet, diet iron deficiency and iron supplementation may affect inflammatory parameters. Probiotics influence both iron metabolism and inflammation. We compared the inflammatory state in rats on a HF iron-deficient diet receiving oral iron, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus curvatus in different combinations. METHODS This was a two-stage experiment. In groups C (n = 8) and HF (n = 8), rats ate a control or HF diet, respectively, for 16 weeks. In the group HFDEF (n = 48), rats ate a HF iron-deficient diet for 8 weeks (first stage) and were subsequently divided into 6 groups (n = 8 each) receiving the following for a further 8 weeks (second stage): HFDEF - a HF iron-deficient diet; HFDEFFe - a HF iron-deficient diet with iron; HFDEFLp and HFDEFLc - a HF iron-deficient diet with L. plantarum or L. curvatus, respectively; and HFDEFFeLp and HFDEFFeLc - a HF iron-deficient diet with iron and L. plantarum or L. curvatus, respectively. Body composition analysis and blood sampling was performed. Markers of iron status and levels of total antioxidant status (TAS), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were measured in the blood. RESULTS TAS was higher in the HFDEF group (756.57 ± 489.53 ng mL-1) versus the HFDEFLc group (187.04 ± 47.84 ng mL-1; P = 0.022). No more differences were found between groups, or in TAS, CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations. Also, no differences were found between groups for alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, glucose, total cholesterol, low- and high-density lipoproteins and triglycerides. TAS level was positively correlated with ferritin concentration, IL-6 with TAS and TNF-α with hepcidin level. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with L. plantarum, L. curvatus and iron in combinations exerts no influence on inflammatory status, lipid profile, hepatic function and serum fasting glucose in rats on a HF iron-deficient diet. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Skrypnik
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marcin Schmidt
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Olejnik-Schmidt
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Iskandar Azmy Harahap
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Engin A. Bariatric Surgery in Obesity: Metabolic Quality Analysis and Comparison of Surgical Options. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1460:697-726. [PMID: 39287870 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-63657-8_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a constantly growing health problem which reduces quality of life and life expectancy. Bariatric surgery (BS) for obesity is considered when all other conservative treatment modalities have failed. Comparison of the multidisciplinary programs with BS regarding to the weight loss showed that substantial and durable weight reduction have been achieved only with bariatric surgical treatments. Although laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is the most popular BS, it has high long-term failure rates, and it is claimed that one of every three patients will undergo another bariatric procedure within a 10-year period. Although BS provides weight loss and improvement of metabolic comorbidities, in long-term follow-up, weight gain is observed in half of the patients, while decrease in bone mass and nutritional deficiencies occur in up to 90%. Moreover, despite significant weight loss, several psychological aspects of patients are worsened in comparison to preoperative levels. Nearly one-fifth of postoperative patients with "Loss-of-eating control" meet food addiction criteria. Therefore, the benefits of weight loss following bariatric procedures alone are still debated in terms of the proinflammatory and metabolic profile of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Engin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Gazi University, Besevler, Ankara, Turkey.
- Mustafa Kemal Mah. 2137. Sok. 8/14, 06520, Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kubota N, Hori S, Ishizuka S. Differences in iron balance observed with dietary cholic acid supplementation and marginal iron deficiency in rats. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 88:79-85. [PMID: 37813822 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
We investigated whether a cholic acid (CA)-supplemented diet and marginal iron deficiency (MID) diet influence hepatic lipid accumulation and iron balance in rats for 2 weeks. The CA diet enhanced hepatic lipid accumulation and modulated iron metabolism such as enhancement of fecal iron excretion, reduction in iron absorption, and no alteration in plasma iron levels. The MID diet did not alter hepatic lipid concentrations with reduced iron concentration in the liver and plasma. In combination, influence of the CA supplementation on the hepatic iron concentration was opposite between iron-sufficient and MID conditions. In the liver, the CA diet enhanced lipocalin 2 expression, whereas the MID diet enhanced transferrin receptor 1 expression and reduced hepcidin expression. This study revealed an involvement of 12-hydroxylated bile acids in regulation of hepatic iron concentration under MID condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Kubota
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shota Hori
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishizuka
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gora AH, Rehman S, Dias J, Fernandes JMO, Olsvik PA, Sørensen M, Kiron V. Microbial oil, alone or paired with β-glucans, can control hypercholesterolemia in a zebrafish model. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159383. [PMID: 37657755 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is often associated with unhealthy dietary habits, and many mammalian studies have explored the mode of action of certain bioactive compounds such as β-glucans and n-3 PUFAs to understand their potential to normalize the lipid metabolism. There are only a few investigations that adopted omic approaches to unveil their combined effect on hypercholesterolemia. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) was used as a model organism to reveal the efficacy of Schizochytrium oil and β-glucans (from Euglena gracilis and Phaeodactylum tricornutum) against cholesterol-rich diet induced dyslipidemia. One of the folowing four diets was fed to a particular group of fish: a control high-cholesterol diet, a Schizochytrium oil diet or one of the two diets containing the oil and β-glucan. The plasma HDL, expression of hepatic genes linked to, among others, ferric ion binding and plasma phosphatidylcholines were higher and plasma cholesterol esters and triacylglycerols were lower in the microbial oil-fed fish compared to the fish fed high cholesterol diet. While the fish fed a mix of microbial oil and Euglena β-glucan had lower plasma triacylglycerols and expression of hepatic genes linked to PPAR signaling pathway and enriched biosynthesis of plasma unsaturated fatty acids, the fish fed microbial oil-Phaeodactylum β-glucan combination had lower abundance of triacylglycerols rich in saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol esters in the plasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan H Gora
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Saima Rehman
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | | | | | - Pål A Olsvik
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Mette Sørensen
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Viswanath Kiron
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sun Z, Pan X, Tian A, Surakka I, Wang T, Jiao X, He S, Song J, Tian X, Tong D, Wen J, Zhang Y, Liu W, Chen P. Genetic variants in HFE are associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in lean individuals. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100744. [PMID: 37235137 PMCID: PMC10206181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Around 20% of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are lean. Increasing evidence suggests that lean NAFLD is a unique subtype of the disease. We aimed to explore the metabolic profile, genetic basis, causal risk factors, and clinical sequelae underlying lean NAFLD. Methods NAFLD was diagnosed by whole liver proton density fat fraction ≥5%. Whole liver proton density fat fraction and hepatic iron were quantified using magnetic resonance imaging in the UK Biobank. Individuals in this study were stratified according to the World Health Organization criteria of obesity, into lean, overweight, and obese. Mediation analysis, Mendelian randomisation analysis, and Bayesian networks were used to identify a risk factor or a clinical sequela of lean/obese NAFLD. Results Lean NAFLD manifested a distinct metabolic profile, featured by elevated hepatic iron and fasting glucose. Four loci, namely, HFE rs1800562, SLC17A3-SLC17A2-TRIM38 rs9348697, PNPLA3 rs738409, and TM6SF2 rs58542926, were associated with lean NAFLD (p <5 × 10-8). HFE rs1800562 was specifically associated with lean NAFLD and demonstrated a significant mediation effect through elevating hepatic iron. Type 2 diabetes was the most pronounced clinical sequela of lean NAFLD, followed by liver cirrhosis. Conclusions Our study suggested that HFE plays a potential steatogenic role rather than regulating iron homoeostasis in patients with lean NAFLD. The increased liver iron deposition is associated with lean NAFLD, whereas obese NAFLD is not related to hepatic iron. The clinical management of patients with lean NAFLD shall be concerned with the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes and liver cirrhosis. Impact and implications Lean NAFLD has a distinct natural history from obese NAFLD. This study underscored liver iron content and the genetic variant of the iron homoeostasis gene HFE as major risks of lean NAFLD, in addition to the unique metabolic profile. The development of type 2 diabetes or liver cirrhosis shall be closely monitored and prevented in patients with lean NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zewen Sun
- Department of Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xingchen Pan
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Aowen Tian
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ida Surakka
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Software College of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xu Jiao
- Software College of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shanshan He
- Software College of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinfang Song
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dan Tong
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianping Wen
- Department of Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Symbol Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wanqing Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tateishi Y, Ichikawa R, Suzuki K, Kitahara Y, Someya Y, Tamura Y. Effect of imbalance in dietary macronutrients on blood hemoglobin levels: a cross-sectional study in young underweight Japanese women. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1121717. [PMID: 37408992 PMCID: PMC10319048 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1121717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Iron deficiency and underweight are common nutritional problems among young Japanese women, many of whom show unhealthy dietary patterns owing to a desire for thinness. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the relationship between iron status, nutritional status, and dietary intake among young Japanese women with underweight to identify dietary risk factors for iron deficiency. Methods Of the 159 young women (18-29 years of age) enrolled, 77 underweight and 37 normal-weight women were included in the study. They were further categorized into four groups based on quartiles of hemoglobin levels among all participants. Dietary nutrient intake was ascertained using a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire. Blood level of hemoglobin and nutritional biomarkers such as total protein, albumin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and essential amino acids were measured. Results In underweight, the multiple comparison test showed that dietary intakes of fat, saturated fatty acid, and monosaturated fatty acid were significantly higher and carbohydrate intake was significantly lower in the group with the lowest hemoglobin level, whereas intakes of iron were the same across groups. Multivariate regression coefficients suggested that replacing fat with protein or carbohydrates increased hemoglobin levels under isocaloric conditions. Additionally, significant positive correlations were observed between hemoglobin levels and nutritional biomarkers. Conclusion Dietary iron intake did not change across different hemoglobin groups among Japanese underweight women. However, our results suggested that an imbalanced dietary macronutrient induces anabolic status and hemoglobin synthesis deterioration among them. Especially, a higher fat intake may be a risk factor for lower hemoglobin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Tateishi
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technologies, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Ichikawa
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technologies, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuya Suzuki
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technologies, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Kitahara
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technologies, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Someya
- Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Tamura
- Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lv H, Wang Y, Liu J, Zhen C, Zhang X, Liu Y, Lou C, Guo H, Wei Y. Exposure to a static magnetic field attenuates hepatic damage and function abnormality in obese and diabetic mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166719. [PMID: 37116230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Static magnetic fields (SMFs) exhibit significant effect on health care. However, the effect of SMF on hepatic metabolism and function in obesity and diabetes are still unknown. Liver is not only the main site for glucolipid metabolism but also the core part for iron metabolism regulation. Dysregulations of iron metabolism and redox status are risk factors for the development of hepatic injury and affect glucolipid metabolism in obesity and diabetes. Mice of HFD-induced obesity and HFD/streptozocin-induced diabetes were exposed to a moderate-intensity SMF (0.4-0.7 T, direction: upward, 4 h/day, 8 weeks). Results showed that SMF attenuated hepatic damage by decreasing inflammation and fibrosis in obese and diabetic mice. SMF had no effects on improving glucose/insulin tolerance but regulated proteins (GLUT1 and GLUT4) and genes (G6pc, Pdk4, Gys2 and Pkl) participating in glucose metabolism with phosphorylation of Akt/AMPK/GSK3β. SMF also reduced lipid droplets accumulation through decreasing Plin2 and Plin5 and regulated lipid metabolism with elevated hepatic expressions of PPARγ and C/EBPα in obese mice. In addition, SMF decreased hepatic iron deposition with lower FTH1 expression and modulated systematic iron homeostasis via BMP6-mediated regulation of hepcidin. Moreover, SMF balanced hepatic redox status with regulation on mitochondrial function and MAPKs/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Finally, we found that SMF activated hepatic autophagy and enhanced lipophagy by upregulating PNPLA2 expression in obese and diabetic mice. Our results demonstrated that SMF significantly ameliorated the development of hepatic injury in obese and diabetic mice by inhibiting inflammatory level, improving glycolipid metabolism, regulating iron metabolism, balancing redox level and activating autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Lv
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Yijia Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junyu Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenxiao Zhen
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuetong Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenge Lou
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huijie Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yunpeng Wei
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xia C, Xiao T, Hu S, Luo H, Lu Q, Fu H, Liang D. Long-Term Outcomes of Iron Deficiency Before and After Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Obes Surg 2023; 33:897-910. [PMID: 36701012 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06465-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study reviews the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) in bariatric surgery candidates and the long-term outcomes of the prevalence of ID after bariatric surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic literature search and meta-analysis were performed in PubMed for articles published by August 31, 2022, including these search terms: bariatric surgery, metabolic surgery, weight loss surgery, obesity surgery, sleeve gastrectomy, gastric banding, gastric bypass, duodenal switch, duodenojejunal bypass, iron, iron deficiency, sideropenia, and hypoferritinemia. Fifty-seven studies examining a total of 26,328 patients with morbidly obese were included in this meta-analysis finally. RESULTS The results showed a prevalence of 17% of ID in bariatric surgery candidates and a prevalence of 14%, 17%, 26%, 34%, 23%, 38%, and 23% of ID at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 8-, and 10-year follow-up after bariatric surgery, respectively. Additionally, the results showed a prevalence of 15%, 19%, 35%, 38%, 29%, 30%, and 23% of ID at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 8-, and 10-year follow-up after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, respectively; a prevalence of 12%, 12%, 15%, 31%, and 17% of ID at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year follow-up after sleeve gastrectomy, respectively; and a prevalence of 19% of ID at 1-year follow-up after anastomosis gastric bypass. CONCLUSION As a result, preoperative evaluation and correction of ID may lead to better outcomes for bariatric surgery candidates. ID is also common in patients after bariatric procedures, especially RYGB. Long-term, even lifelong, medical and nutritional monitoring and tailored interventions are critical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuqi Xia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Taifu Xiao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Sheng Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Haibo Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Qiyu Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Hongrui Fu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Daoming Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bhatnagar RS, Lei XG, Miller DD, Padilla-Zakour OI. Iron from Co-Encapsulation of Defatted Nannochloropsis Oceanica with Inulin Is Highly Bioavailable and Does Not Impact Wheat Flour Shelf Life or Sensorial Attributes. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030675. [PMID: 36766203 PMCID: PMC9914652 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Defatted green microalgae Nannochloropsis oceanica (DGM) is a rich source of bioavailable iron. However, its use in foods results in unacceptable color and taste development. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate strategies to enhance the use of DGM in foods. DGM and inulin were encapsulated (EC) in an oil-in-water emulsion using high-pressure homogenization. To confirm iron bioavailability, C57BL/6 mice were fed an iron-deficient diet (ID) for 2 weeks. The mice were then fed one of the four diets: ID, ID + DGM (DGM), ID + EC (EC50 or EC100) for 4 weeks. To test the stability of DGM as an iron fortificant at two different fortification rates of 17.5 mg Fe/kg (50%) or 35 mg Fe/kg (100%), whole (DGM50/DGM100), encapsulated (EC50/EC100) and color-masked (CM50/CM100) DGM were added to wheat flour (WF) at two different temperatures: 20 °C and 45 °C and were examined for 30 days. Acceptability studies were conducted to determine sensory differences between rotis (Indian flat bread) prepared from WF/EC50/CM50/EC100. The mice consuming EC50/EC100 diets showed comparable iron status to DGM-fed mice, suggesting that encapsulation did not negatively impact iron bioavailability. Addition of EC to wheat flour resulted in the lowest Fe2+ oxidation and color change amongst treatments, when stored for 30 days. There were no differences in the overall liking and product acceptance of rotis amongst treatments at both day 0 and day 21 samples. Our results suggest that EC50 can be effectively used as an iron fortificant in WF to deliver highly bioavailable iron without experiencing any stability or sensory defects, at least until 30 days of storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohil S. Bhatnagar
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Tata-Cornell Institute for Agriculture and Nutrition, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Xin-Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Dennis D. Miller
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Olga I. Padilla-Zakour
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-315-787-2259
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Qiu F, Wu L, Yang G, Zhang C, Liu X, Sun X, Chen X, Wang N. The role of iron metabolism in chronic diseases related to obesity. Mol Med 2022; 28:130. [PMID: 36335331 PMCID: PMC9636637 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00558-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the major public health problems threatening the world, as well as a potential risk factor for chronic metabolic diseases. There is growing evidence that iron metabolism is altered in obese people, however, the highly refined regulation of iron metabolism in obesity and obesity-related complications is still being investigated. Iron accumulation can affect the body’s sensitivity to insulin, Type 2 diabetes, liver disease and cardiovascular disease. This review summarized the changes and potential mechanisms of iron metabolism in several chronic diseases related to obesity, providing new clues for future research.
Collapse
|
14
|
Hagarty-Waite KA, Totten MS, Pierce M, Armah SM, Erikson KM. Influence of Sex and Strain on Hepatic and Adipose Tissue Trace Element Concentrations and Gene Expression in C57BL/6J and DBA/2J High Fat Diet Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213778. [PMID: 36430257 PMCID: PMC9697485 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the influence of sex and strain on the dysregulation of trace element concentration and associative gene expression due to diet induced obesity in adipose tissue and the liver. Male and female C57BL/6J (B6J) and DBA/2J (D2J) were randomly assigned to a normal-fat diet (NFD) containing 10% kcal fat/g or a mineral-matched high-fat diet (HFD) containing 60% kcal fat/g for 16 weeks. Liver and adipose tissue were assessed for copper, iron, manganese, and zinc concentrations and related changes in gene expression. Notable findings include three-way interactions of diet, sex, and strain amongst adipose tissue iron concentrations (p = 0.005), adipose hepcidin expression (p = 0.007), and hepatic iron regulatory protein (IRP) expression (p = 0.012). Cd11c to Cd163 ratio was increased in adipose tissue due to HFD amongst all biological groups except B6J females, for which tissue iron concentrations were reduced due to HFD (p = 0.002). Liver divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT-1) expression was increased due to HFD amongst B6J males (p < 0.005) and females (p < 0.004), which coincides with the reduction in hepatic iron concentrations found in these biological groups (p < 0.001). Sex, strain, and diet affected trace element concentration, the expression of genes that regulate trace element homeostasis, and the expression of macrophages that contribute to tissue iron-handling in adipose tissue. These findings suggest that sex and strain may be key factors that influence the adaptive capacity of iron mismanagement in adipose tissue and its subsequent consequences, such as insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Melissa S. Totten
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Salem College, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Matthew Pierce
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Seth M. Armah
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Keith M. Erikson
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Skrypnik K, Olejnik-Schmidt A, Mikołajczyk-Stecyna J, Schmidt M, Suliburska J. Influence of supplementation of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus curvatus on selected parameters of liver iron metabolism in rats on high-fat iron-deficient diet. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
16
|
Abe C, Miyazawa T, Miyazawa T. Current Use of Fenton Reaction in Drugs and Food. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175451. [PMID: 36080218 PMCID: PMC9457891 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is the most abundant mineral in the human body and plays essential roles in sustaining life, such as the transport of oxygen to systemic organs. The Fenton reaction is the reaction between iron and hydrogen peroxide, generating hydroxyl radical, which is highly reactive and highly toxic to living cells. “Ferroptosis”, a programmed cell death in which the Fenton reaction is closely involved, has recently received much attention. Furthermore, various applications of the Fenton reaction have been reported in the medical and nutritional fields, such as cancer treatment or sterilization. Here, this review summarizes the recent growing interest in the usefulness of iron and its biological relevance through basic and practical information of the Fenton reaction and recent reports.
Collapse
|
17
|
Malesza IJ, Bartkowiak-Wieczorek J, Winkler-Galicki J, Nowicka A, Dzięciołowska D, Błaszczyk M, Gajniak P, Słowińska K, Niepolski L, Walkowiak J, Mądry E. The Dark Side of Iron: The Relationship between Iron, Inflammation and Gut Microbiota in Selected Diseases Associated with Iron Deficiency Anaemia—A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173478. [PMID: 36079734 PMCID: PMC9458173 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is an indispensable nutrient for life. A lack of it leads to iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), which currently affects about 1.2 billion people worldwide. The primary means of IDA treatment is oral or parenteral iron supplementation. This can be burdened with numerous side effects such as oxidative stress, systemic and local-intestinal inflammation, dysbiosis, carcinogenic processes and gastrointestinal adverse events. Therefore, this review aimed to provide insight into the physiological mechanisms of iron management and investigate the state of knowledge of the relationship between iron supplementation, inflammatory status and changes in gut microbiota milieu in diseases typically complicated with IDA and considered as having an inflammatory background such as in inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer or obesity. Understanding the precise mechanisms critical to iron metabolism and the awareness of serious adverse effects associated with iron supplementation may lead to the provision of better IDA treatment. Well-planned research, specific to each patient category and disease, is needed to find measures and methods to optimise iron treatment and reduce adverse effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ida J. Malesza
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Jakub Winkler-Galicki
- Department of Physiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Nowicka
- Department of Physiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Marta Błaszczyk
- Department of Physiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paulina Gajniak
- Department of Physiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Karolina Słowińska
- Department of Physiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Leszek Niepolski
- Department of Physiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Jarosław Walkowiak
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Edyta Mądry
- Department of Physiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Betaine Alleviates High-Fat Diet-Induced Disruptionof Hepatic Lipid and Iron Homeostasis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116263. [PMID: 35682942 PMCID: PMC9180950 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by excessive fat deposition in the liver, which is often associated with disrupted iron homeostasis. Betaine has been reported to be hepatoprotective, yet whether and how betaine ameliorates high-fat diet-induced disruption of hepatic lipid and iron homeostasis remains elusive. In this study, mice were fed either standard (CON) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 9 weeks to establish a NAFLD model. Mice raised on HF diet were then assigned randomly to HF and HFB groups, HFB group being supplemented with 1% (w/v) of betaine in the drinking water for 13 weeks. Betaine supplementation significantly alleviated excessive hepatic lipid deposition and restored hepatic iron content. Betaine partly yet significantly reversed HFD-induced dysregulation of lipogenic genes such as PRARγ and CD36, as well as the iron-metabolic genes including FPN and HAMP that encodes hepcidin. Similar mitigation effects of betaine were observed for BMP2 and BMP6, the up-stream regulators of hepcidin expression. Betaine significantly rectified disrupted expression of methyl transfer gene, including BHMT, GNMT and DNMT1. Moreover, HFD-modified CpG methylation on the promoter of PRARγ and HAMP genes was significantly reversed by betaine supplementation. These results indicate that betaine alleviates HFD-induced disruption of hepatic lipid and iron metabolism, which is associated with modification of CpG methylation on promoter of lipogenic and iron-metabolic genes.
Collapse
|
19
|
Mitochondrial Respiration in Response to Iron Deficiency Anemia: Comparison of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Liver. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12030270. [PMID: 35323713 PMCID: PMC8950937 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential component for metabolic processes, including oxygen transport within hemoglobin, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity, and mitochondrial energy transformation. Iron deficiency can thus lead to metabolic dysfunction and eventually result in iron deficiency anemia (IDA), which affects approximately 1.5 billion people worldwide. Using a rat model of IDA induced by phlebotomy, we studied the effects of IDA on mitochondrial respiration in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the liver. Furthermore, we evaluated whether the mitochondrial function evaluated by high-resolution respirometry in PBMCs reflects corresponding alterations in the liver. Surprisingly, mitochondrial respiratory capacity was increased in PBMCs from rats with IDA compared to the controls. In contrast, mitochondrial respiration remained unaffected in livers from IDA rats. Of note, citrate synthase activity indicated an increased mitochondrial density in PBMCs, whereas it remained unchanged in the liver, partly explaining the different responses of mitochondrial respiration in PBMCs and the liver. Taken together, these results indicate that mitochondrial function determined in PBMCs cannot serve as a valid surrogate for respiration in the liver. Metabolic adaptions to iron deficiency resulted in different metabolic reprogramming in the blood cells and liver tissue.
Collapse
|
20
|
Fischer C, Volani C, Komlódi T, Seifert M, Demetz E, Valente de Souza L, Auer K, Petzer V, von Raffay L, Moser P, Gnaiger E, Weiss G. Dietary Iron Overload and Hfe-/- Related Hemochromatosis Alter Hepatic Mitochondrial Function. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111818. [PMID: 34829689 PMCID: PMC8615072 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential co-factor for many cellular metabolic processes, and mitochondria are main sites of utilization. Iron accumulation promotes production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the catalytic activity of iron species. Herein, we investigated the consequences of dietary and genetic iron overload on mitochondrial function. C57BL/6N wildtype and Hfe-/- mice, the latter a genetic hemochromatosis model, received either normal diet (ND) or high iron diet (HI) for two weeks. Liver mitochondrial respiration was measured using high-resolution respirometry along with analysis of expression of specific proteins and ROS production. HI promoted tissue iron accumulation and slightly affected mitochondrial function in wildtype mice. Hepatic mitochondrial function was impaired in Hfe-/- mice on ND and HI. Compared to wildtype mice, Hfe-/- mice on ND showed increased mitochondrial respiratory capacity. Hfe-/- mice on HI showed very high liver iron levels, decreased mitochondrial respiratory capacity and increased ROS production associated with reduced mitochondrial aconitase activity. Although Hfe-/- resulted in increased mitochondrial iron loading, the concentration of metabolically reactive cytoplasmic iron and mitochondrial density remained unchanged. Our data show multiple effects of dietary and genetic iron loading on mitochondrial function and linked metabolic pathways, providing an explanation for fatigue in iron-overloaded hemochromatosis patients, and suggests iron reduction therapy for improvement of mitochondrial function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Fischer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.); (C.V.); (M.S.); (E.D.); (L.V.d.S.); (K.A.); (V.P.); (L.v.R.)
| | - Chiara Volani
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.); (C.V.); (M.S.); (E.D.); (L.V.d.S.); (K.A.); (V.P.); (L.v.R.)
| | - Timea Komlódi
- Oroboros Instruments, Schöpfstrasse 18, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (T.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Markus Seifert
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.); (C.V.); (M.S.); (E.D.); (L.V.d.S.); (K.A.); (V.P.); (L.v.R.)
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Egon Demetz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.); (C.V.); (M.S.); (E.D.); (L.V.d.S.); (K.A.); (V.P.); (L.v.R.)
| | - Lara Valente de Souza
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.); (C.V.); (M.S.); (E.D.); (L.V.d.S.); (K.A.); (V.P.); (L.v.R.)
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kristina Auer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.); (C.V.); (M.S.); (E.D.); (L.V.d.S.); (K.A.); (V.P.); (L.v.R.)
| | - Verena Petzer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.); (C.V.); (M.S.); (E.D.); (L.V.d.S.); (K.A.); (V.P.); (L.v.R.)
| | - Laura von Raffay
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.); (C.V.); (M.S.); (E.D.); (L.V.d.S.); (K.A.); (V.P.); (L.v.R.)
| | - Patrizia Moser
- Department of Pathology, Innsbruck University Hospital, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Erich Gnaiger
- Oroboros Instruments, Schöpfstrasse 18, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (T.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Guenter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.F.); (C.V.); (M.S.); (E.D.); (L.V.d.S.); (K.A.); (V.P.); (L.v.R.)
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-(0)512/504-23251
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Knatko EV, Castro C, Higgins M, Zhang Y, Honda T, Henderson CJ, Wolf CR, Griffin JL, Dinkova-Kostova AT. Nrf2 activation does not affect adenoma development in a mouse model of colorectal cancer. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1081. [PMID: 34526660 PMCID: PMC8443638 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02552-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its main negative regulator, Kelch-like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1), are at the interface between redox and intermediary metabolism. Nrf2 activation is protective in models of human disease and has benefits in clinical trials. Consequently, the Keap1/Nrf2 protein complex is a drug target. However, in cancer Nrf2 plays a dual role, raising concerns that Nrf2 activators may promote growth of early neoplasms. To address this concern, we examined the role of Nrf2 in development of colorectal adenomas by employing genetic, pharmacological, and metabolomic approaches. We found that colorectal adenomas that form in Gstp-/-: ApcMin/+ mice are characterized by altered one-carbon metabolism and that genetic activation, but not disruption of Nrf2, enhances these metabolic alterations. However, this enhancement is modest compared to the magnitude of metabolic differences between tumor and peri-tumoral tissues, suggesting that the metabolic changes conferred by Nrf2 activation may have little contribution to the early stages of carcinogenesis. Indeed, neither genetic (by Keap1 knockdown) nor pharmacological Nrf2 activation, nor its disruption, affected colorectal adenoma formation in this model. We conclude that pharmacological Nrf2 activation is unlikely to impact the early stages of development of colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Knatko
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Cecilia Castro
- Department of Biochemistry and the Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maureen Higgins
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Ying Zhang
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Tadashi Honda
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Colin J Henderson
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - C Roland Wolf
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Julian L Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and the Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK.
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Awaad A, Abdel Aziz HO. Iron biodistribution profile changes in the rat spleen after administration of high-fat diet or iron supplementation and the role of curcumin. J Mol Histol 2021; 52:751-766. [PMID: 34050395 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-021-09986-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin as active metal chelating and antioxidant agent has a potential role in metal reduction and free radicals' neutralization in tissues. Of note, long-term administration of high fat diet (HFD) is considered as a main factor of blood serum iron deficiency. This study aimed to investigate the biodistribution profiles of iron in the spleen after long-term administration of HFD along with iron supplementation. Furthermore, the ameliorative role of curcumin to reduce iron accumulation level and improve the histological abnormalities produced by iron in spleen will be evaluated in the rats. Treated albino rats of this experiment were divided into six groups. Group I was a control group where group II was treated with HFD. Group III and group IV were treated with combination of HFD and curcumin or HFD and iron supplement respectively. Additionally, group V and group VI were treated with combination of HFD, iron supplement and curcumin or curcumin only respectively. Mainly histological analysis was used to investigate iron biodistribution and induced abnormalities in spleen under light microscope. The histochemical specific staining of iron in the spleen showed different biodistribution profiles of iron in the spleen. Administration of the HFD or HFD and iron supplementation increased the iron accumulation in the spleen. Where, curcumin administration with HFD (Group III) or with HFD and iron supplementation (Group V) significantly reduced the iron levels in the spleen. The splenic tissue inflammation, cellular apoptosis and fibrosis produced by higher iron accumulation was ameliorated after administration of curcumin supplementation as shown in the animals treated with HFD/curcumin (Group III) or HFD/iron supplement/curcumin (Group V). This study recommended that, it is preferable to use iron supplementation along with curcumin supplement for less than 4 months to avoid additional iron accumulation in the healthy organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Awaad
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Iron supplementation regulates the progression of high fat diet induced obesity and hepatic steatosis via mitochondrial signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10753. [PMID: 34031430 PMCID: PMC8144192 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89673-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruption of iron metabolism is closely related to metabolic diseases. Iron deficiency is frequently associated with obesity and hepatic steatosis. However, the effects of iron supplementation on obesity and energy metabolism remain unclear. Here we show that a high-fat diet supplemented with iron reduces body weight gain and hepatic lipid accumulation in mice. Iron supplementation was found to reduce mitochondrial morphological abnormalities and upregulate gene transcription involved in mitochondrial function and beta oxidation in the liver and skeletal muscle. In both these tissues, iron supplementation increased the expression of genes involved in heme or iron–sulfur (Fe–S) cluster synthesis. Heme and Fe–S cluster, which are iron prosthetic groups contained in electron transport chain complex subunits, are essential for mitochondrial respiration. The findings of this study demonstrated that iron regulates mitochondrial signaling pathways—gene transcription of mitochondrial component molecules synthesis and their energy metabolism. Overall, the study elucidates the molecular basis underlying the relationship between iron supplementation and obesity and hepatic steatosis progression, and the role of iron as a signaling molecule.
Collapse
|
24
|
Pfeifhofer-Obermair C, Tymoszuk P, Nairz M, Schroll A, Klais G, Demetz E, Engl S, Brigo N, Weiss G. Regulation of Th1 T Cell Differentiation by Iron via Upregulation of T Cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin Containing Protein-3 (TIM-3). Front Immunol 2021; 12:637809. [PMID: 34108960 PMCID: PMC8181170 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.637809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron plays an important role in host–pathogen interactions, in being an essential element for both pathogen and host metabolism, but also by impacting immune cell differentiation and anti-microbial effector pathways. Iron has been implicated to affect the differentiation of T lymphocytes during inflammation, however, so far the underlying mechanism remained elusive. In order to study the role of iron in T cell differentiation we here investigated how dietary iron supplementation affects T cell function and outcome in a model of chronic infection with the intracellular bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (S. Typhimurium). Iron loading prior to infection fostered bacterial burden and, unexpectedly, reduced differentiation of CD4+ T helper cells type 1 (Th1) and expression of interferon-gamma (IFNγ), a key cytokine to control infections with intracellular pathogens. This effect could be traced back to iron-mediated induction of the negative immune checkpoint regulator T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3), expressed on the surface of this T cell subset. In vitro experiments demonstrated that iron supplementation specifically upregulated mRNA and protein expression of TIM-3 in naïve Th cells in a dose-depdendent manner and hindered priming of those T cells towards Th1 differentiation. Importantly, administration of TIM-3 blocking antibodies to iron-loaded mice infected with S. Typhimurium virtually restored Th1 cell differentiation and significantly improved bacterial control. Our data uncover a novel mechanism by which iron modulates CD4+ cell differentiation and functionality and hence impacts infection control with intracellular pathogens. Specifically, iron inhibits the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells to protective IFNγ producing Th1 lymphocytes via stimulation of TIM-3 expression. Finally, TIM-3 may serve as a novel drug target for the treatment of chronic infections with intracellular pathogens, specifically in iron loading diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr Tymoszuk
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Manfred Nairz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andrea Schroll
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gloria Klais
- Department of Biotechnology & Food Engineering, MCI-The Entrepreneurial School, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Egon Demetz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sabine Engl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Natascha Brigo
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bloomer SA, Brown KE. Hepcidin and Iron Metabolism in Experimental Liver Injury. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:1165-1179. [PMID: 33891874 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The liver plays a pivotal role in the regulation of iron metabolism through its ability to sense and respond to iron stores by release of the hormone hepcidin. Under physiologic conditions, regulation of hepcidin expression in response to iron status maintains iron homeostasis. In response to tissue injury, hepcidin expression can be modulated by other factors, such as inflammation and oxidative stress. The resulting dysregulation of hepcidin is proposed to account for alterations in iron homeostasis that are sometimes observed in patients with liver disease. This review describes the effects of experimental forms of liver injury on iron metabolism and hepcidin expression. In general, models of acute liver injury demonstrate increases in hepcidin mRNA and hypoferremia, consistent with hepcidin's role as an acute-phase reactant. Conversely, diverse models of chronic liver injury are associated with decreased hepcidin mRNA but with variable effects on iron status. Elucidating the reasons for the disparate impact of different chronic injuries on iron metabolism is an important research priority, as is a deeper understanding of the interplay among various stimuli, both positive and negative, on hepcidin regulation. Future studies should provide a clearer picture of how dysregulation of hepcidin expression and altered iron homeostasis impact the progression of liver diseases and whether they are a cause or consequence of these pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Bloomer
- Division of Science and Engineering, Penn State Abington, Abington, Pennsylvania
| | - Kyle E Brown
- Iowa City Veterans Administration Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa; Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa; Program in Free Radical and Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Bjørklund G, Peana M, Pivina L, Dosa A, Aaseth J, Semenova Y, Chirumbolo S, Medici S, Dadar M, Costea DO. Iron Deficiency in Obesity and after Bariatric Surgery. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050613. [PMID: 33918997 PMCID: PMC8142987 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency (ID) is particularly frequent in obese patients due to increased circulating levels of acute-phase reactant hepcidin and adiposity-associated inflammation. Inflammation in obese subjects is closely related to ID. It induces reduced iron absorption correlated to the inhibition of duodenal ferroportin expression, parallel to the increased concentrations of hepcidin. Obese subjects often get decreased inflammatory response after bariatric surgery, accompanied by decreased serum hepcidin and therefore improved iron absorption. Bariatric surgery can induce the mitigation or resolution of obesity-associated complications, such as hypertension, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia, adjusting many parameters in the metabolism. However, gastric bypass surgery and sleeve gastrectomy can induce malabsorption and may accentuate ID. The present review explores the burden and characteristics of ID and anemia in obese patients after bariatric surgery, accounting for gastric bypass technique (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass-RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG). After bariatric surgery, obese subjects' iron status should be monitored, and they should be motivated to use adequate and recommended iron supplementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Toften 24, 8610 Mo i Rana, Norway
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Lyudmila Pivina
- Department of Neurology, Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, Semey Medical University, 071400 Semey, Kazakhstan; (L.P.); (Y.S.)
- CONEM Kazakhstan Environmental Health and Safety Research Group, Semey Medical University, 071400 Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Alexandru Dosa
- Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania; (A.D.); (D.-O.C.)
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, 2380 Brumunddal, Norway;
| | - Yuliya Semenova
- Department of Neurology, Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, Semey Medical University, 071400 Semey, Kazakhstan; (L.P.); (Y.S.)
- CONEM Kazakhstan Environmental Health and Safety Research Group, Semey Medical University, 071400 Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
- CONEM Scientific Secretary, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Serenella Medici
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj 31975/148, Iran;
| | - Daniel-Ovidiu Costea
- Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania; (A.D.); (D.-O.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Iron aggravates hepatic insulin resistance in the absence of inflammation in a novel db/db mouse model with iron overload. Mol Metab 2021; 51:101235. [PMID: 33872860 PMCID: PMC8131719 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The molecular pathogenesis of late complications associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is not yet fully understood. While high glucose levels indicated by increased HbA1c only poorly explain disease progression and late complications, a pro-inflammatory status, oxidative stress, and reactive metabolites generated by metabolic processes were postulated to be involved. Individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) frequently progress to T2DM, whereby 70% of patients with T2DM show non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the hepatic manifestation of MetS, and insulin resistance (IR). Epidemiological studies have shown that T2DM and steatosis are associated with alterations in iron metabolism and hepatic iron accumulation. Excess free iron triggers oxidative stress and a switch towards a macrophage pro-inflammatory status. However, so far it remains unclear whether hepatic iron accumulation plays a causative role in the generation of IR and T2DM or whether it is merely a manifestation of altered hepatic metabolism. To address this open question, we generated and characterized a mouse model of T2DM with IR, steatosis, and iron overload. METHODS Leprdb/db mice hallmarked by T2DM, IR and steatosis were crossed with Fpnwt/C326S mice with systemic iron overload to generate Leprdb/db/Fpnwt/C326S mice. The resulting progeny was characterized for major diabetic and iron-related parameters. RESULTS We demonstrated that features associated with T2DM in Leprdb/db mice, such as obesity, steatosis, or IR, reduce the degree of tissue iron overload in Fpnwt/C326S mice, suggesting an 'iron resistance' phenotype. Conversely, we observed increased serum iron levels that strongly exceeded those in the iron-overloaded Fpnwt/C326S mice. Increased hepatic iron levels induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation and aggravated IR, as indicated by diminished IRS1 phosphorylation and AKT activation. Additionally, in the liver, we observed gene response patterns indicative of de novo lipogenesis and increased gluconeogenesis as well as elevated free glucose levels. Finally, we showed that iron overload in Leprdb/db/Fpnwt/C326S mice enhances microvascular complications observed in retinopathy, suggesting that iron accumulation can enhance diabetic late complications associated with the liver and the eye. CONCLUSION Taken together, our data show that iron causes the worsening of symptoms associated with the MetS and T2DM. These findings imply that iron depletion strategies together with anti-diabetic drugs may ameliorate IR and diabetic late complications.
Collapse
|
28
|
A fully human anti-BMP6 antibody reduces the need for erythropoietin in rodent models of the anemia of chronic disease. Blood 2021; 136:1080-1090. [PMID: 32438400 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019004653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant erythropoietin (EPO) and iron substitution are a standard of care for treatment of anemias associated with chronic inflammation, including anemia of chronic kidney disease. A black box warning for EPO therapy and concerns about negative side effects related to high-dose iron supplementation as well as the significant proportion of patients becoming EPO resistant over time explains the medical need to define novel strategies to ameliorate anemia of chronic disease (ACD). As hepcidin is central to the iron-restrictive phenotype in ACD, therapeutic approaches targeting hepcidin were recently developed. We herein report the therapeutic effects of a fully human anti-BMP6 antibody (KY1070) either as monotherapy or in combination with Darbepoetin alfa on iron metabolism and anemia resolution in 2 different, well-established, and clinically relevant rodent models of ACD. In addition to counteracting hepcidin-driven iron limitation for erythropoiesis, we found that the combination of KY1070 and recombinant human EPO improved the erythroid response compared with either monotherapy in a qualitative and quantitative manner. Consequently, the combination of KY1070 and Darbepoetin alfa resulted in an EPO-sparing effect. Moreover, we found that suppression of hepcidin via KY1070 modulates ferroportin expression on erythroid precursor cells, thereby lowering potentially toxic-free intracellular iron levels and by accelerating erythroid output as reflected by increased maturation of erythrocyte progenitors. In summary, we conclude that treatment of ACD, as a highly complex disease, becomes more effective by a multifactorial therapeutic approach upon mobilization of endogenous iron deposits and stimulation of erythropoiesis.
Collapse
|
29
|
Hori S, Satake M, Kohmoto O, Takagi R, Okada K, Fukiya S, Yokota A, Ishizuka S. Primary 12α-Hydroxylated Bile Acids Lower Hepatic Iron Concentration in Rats. J Nutr 2021; 151:523-530. [PMID: 33438034 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary 12α-hydroxylated bile acids (12αOH BAs) enhance intestinal iron uptake due to their ability ex vivo to chelate iron. However, no information is available on their role in vivo, especially in the liver. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects and mechanisms of primary 12αOH BAs on hepatic iron concentration in vivo. METHODS Male Wistar King A Hokkaido male rats (WKAH/HkmSlc) rats aged 4-5 weeks were fed a control diet or a diet with cholic acid (CA; 0.5 g/kg diet), the primary 12αOH BA, for 2 weeks (Study 1) or 13 weeks (Study 2). In Study 3, rats fed the same diets were given drinking water either alone or containing vancomycin (200 mg/L) for 6 weeks. The variables measured included food intake (Studies 1-3), bile acid profiles (Studies 1 and 3), hepatic iron concentration (Studies 1-3), fecal iron excretion (Studies 1 and 2), iron-related liver gene expression (Studies 2 and 3), and plasma iron-related factors (Studies 2 and 3). RESULTS In Study 1, CA feed reduced the hepatic iron concentration (-16%; P = 0.005) without changing food intake or fecal iron excretion. In Study 2, we found a significant increase in the aortic plasma concentration of lipocalin 2 (LCN2; +65%; P < 0.001), an iron-trafficking protein. In Study 3, we observed no effect of vancomycin treatment on the CA-induced reduction of hepatic iron concentration (-32%; P < 0.001), accompanied by increased plasma LCN2 concentration (+72%; P = 0.003), in the CA-fed rats despite a drastic reduction in the secondary 12αOH BA concentration (-94%; P < 0.001) in the aortic plasma. CONCLUSIONS Primary 12αOH BAs reduced the hepatic iron concentration in rats. LCN2 may be responsible for the hepatic iron-lowering effect of primary 12αOH BAs by transporting iron out of the liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shota Hori
- Division of Fundamental Agriscience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Minako Satake
- Division of Fundamental Agriscience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ohji Kohmoto
- Division of Fundamental Agriscience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ryo Takagi
- Research and Medical Innovation Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Okada
- Research and Medical Innovation Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoru Fukiya
- Division of Fundamental Agriscience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yokota
- Division of Fundamental Agriscience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishizuka
- Division of Fundamental Agriscience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Iron-rich Kupffer cells exhibit phenotypic changes during the development of liver fibrosis in NASH. iScience 2021; 24:102032. [PMID: 33521599 PMCID: PMC7820131 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.102032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although recent evidence suggests the involvement of iron accumulation in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Previously, we reported a unique histological structure termed "crown-like structure (CLS)," where liver-resident macrophages (Kupffer cells) surround dead hepatocytes, scavenge their debris, and induce inflammation and fibrosis in NASH. In this study, using magnetic column separation, we show that iron-rich Kupffer cells exhibit proinflammatory and profibrotic phenotypic changes during the development of NASH, at least partly, through activation of MiT/TFE transcription factors. Activation of MiT/TFE transcription factors is observed in Kupffer cells forming CLSs in murine and human NASH. Iron chelation effectively attenuates liver fibrosis in a murine NASH model. This study provides insight into the pathophysiologic role of iron in NASH. Our data also shed light on a unique macrophage subset rich in iron that contributes to CLS formation and serves as a driver of liver fibrosis.
Collapse
|
31
|
Totten MS, Pierce DM, Erikson KM. Diet-Induced Obesity Disrupts Trace Element Homeostasis and Gene Expression in the Olfactory Bulb. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3909. [PMID: 33371327 PMCID: PMC7767377 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the impact of diet-induced obesity (DIO) on trace element homeostasis and gene expression in the olfactory bulb and to identify potential interaction effects between diet, sex, and strain. Our study is based on evidence that obesity and olfactory bulb impairments are linked to neurodegenerative processes. Briefly, C57BL/6J (B6J) and DBA/2J (D2J) male and female mice were fed either a low-fat diet or a high-fat diet for 16 weeks. Brain tissue was then evaluated for iron, manganese, copper, and zinc concentrations and mRNA gene expression. There was a statistically significant diet-by-sex interaction for iron and a three-way interaction between diet, sex, and strain for zinc in the olfactory bulb. Obese male B6J mice had a striking 75% increase in iron and a 50% increase in manganese compared with the control. There was an increase in zinc due to DIO in B6J males and D2J females, but a decrease in zinc in B6J females and D2J males. Obese male D2J mice had significantly upregulated mRNA gene expression for divalent metal transporter 1, alpha-synuclein, amyloid precursor protein, dopamine receptor D2, and tyrosine hydroxylase. B6J females with DIO had significantly upregulated brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression. Our results demonstrate that DIO has the potential to disrupt trace element homeostasis and mRNA gene expression in the olfactory bulb, with effects that depend on sex and genetics. We found that DIO led to alterations in iron and manganese predominantly in male B6J mice, and gene expression dysregulation mainly in male D2J mice. These results have important implications for health outcomes related to obesity with possible connections to neurodegenerative disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa S. Totten
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health and Human Sciences, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA; (D.M.P.); (K.M.E.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tymoszuk P, Nairz M, Brigo N, Petzer V, Heeke S, Kircher B, Hermann-Kleiter N, Klepsch V, Theurl I, Weiss G, Pfeifhofer-Obermair C. Iron Supplementation Interferes With Immune Therapy of Murine Mammary Carcinoma by Inhibiting Anti-Tumor T Cell Function. Front Oncol 2020; 10:584477. [PMID: 33344239 PMCID: PMC7746876 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.584477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is both, an essential compound for many metabolic processes, and iron deficiency can impact on the proliferation of cells including lymphocytes but also tumor cells. On the other hand, excess iron-catalyzed radical formation can induce cellular toxicity which has been previously demonstrated for T cells in hereditary iron overload. Despite these interconnections, little is known on the effects of clinically approved intravenous iron supplements for curing cancer-related anemia, on T cell differentiation, tumor proliferation, anti-tumor T cell responses and, of clinical importance, on efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. Herein, we analyzed the effects of intravenous iron supplementation on T cell function and on the effectiveness of anti-cancer chemotherapy with IL-2/doxorubicin or immunotherapy with checkpoint-inhibitor anti-PD-L1 in C57Bl/6N female mice with implanted E0771 mammary carcinomas. We found that iron application resulted to an increased availability of iron in the tumor microenvironment and stimulation of tumor growth. In parallel, iron application inhibited the activation, expansion and survival of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and of CD4+ T helper cells type 1 and significantly reduced the efficacy of the investigated anti-cancer treatments. Our results indicate that iron administration has a tumor growth promoting effect and impairs anti-cancer responses of tumor infiltrating T lymphocytes along with a reduced efficacy of anti-cancer therapies. Iron supplementation in cancer patients, especially in those treated with immunotherapies in a curative setting, may be thus used cautiously and prospective studies have to clarify the impact of such intervention on the outcome of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Tymoszuk
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Manfred Nairz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Natascha Brigo
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Verena Petzer
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Simon Heeke
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology (LPCE), Hôpital Pasteur, Nice, France
| | - Brigitte Kircher
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Victoria Klepsch
- Division of Translational Cell Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Igor Theurl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang C, Wang X, Song G, Xing H, Yang L, Han K, Chang YZ. A high-fructose diet in rats induces systemic iron deficiency and hepatic iron overload by an inflammation mechanism. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13578. [PMID: 33289147 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) correlates with the high intake of fructose-rich soft drinks. Both inflammation and dysregulated iron metabolism are pathogenic factors in the development of NAFLD. The present investigation assessed the effects of a high-fructose diet (HF diet) on inflammation and iron metabolism. In this study, rats were fed a control or HF diet for 4, 8, or 12 weeks, after which insulin resistance, transaminases levels, serum and liver lipid profiles, inflammatory factors, and iron metabolism-related molecules were evaluated. The activities of the hepatic inflammation-associated pathways, IKKβ/NF-κB, and JAK2/STAT3, were detected by western blot. Result showed that the HF diet-fed animals developed a time-dependent serum lipid increase and hepatic lipid accumulation as well as insulin resistance. Serum iron (SI), serum ferritin (SF), and transferrin saturation (TS) decreased while total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) and serum transferrin (s-TF) increased at 8 and 12 weeks in the HF diet group. The HF diet led to increased transaminases levels at 8 and 12 weeks, and iron deposition was observed in the liver, accompanied by an upregulation of ferritin light chain (FTL), hepcidin (HEPC), transferrin (TF), transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1), hemojuvelin (HJV), and divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1). Moreover, ferroportin (FPN1) levels were downregulated, as expected from the increased HEPC. A progressive inflammation phenotype was apparent, with increased inflammatory factors, MDA, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, in the serum and liver tissue. Concomitantly, the hepatic IKKβ/NF-κB and JAK2/STAT3 pathways were activated. In summary, we verified that HF diet induces systemic iron deficiency and hepatic iron accumulation, likely due to the activation of inflammation via the NF-κB and JAK2/STAT3 pathways. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: As increasing numbers of individuals consume HF diets, the health implications of this type of over nutrition become globally relevant. Using a high-fructose diet rat model, our present study reveals inflammation as the link between a HF diet and dysregulated iron metabolism. Importantly, both inflammation and disrupted iron metabolism have been shown to be pathogenic factors in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The iron regulatory hormone, HEPC, is a link between the liver, inflammation, and iron metabolism. As fructose-rich foods become increasingly abundant and people's fructose intake increases, the impact of high fructose on health requires increased attention. Little research has been conducted on the effects of fructose on iron metabolism. Our study provides useful insights into the prevention and treatment of iron metabolism disorders arising from metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Guangyao Song
- Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Hanying Xing
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Linquan Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Kang Han
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yan-Zhong Chang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Fillebeen C, Lam NH, Chow S, Botta A, Sweeney G, Pantopoulos K. Regulatory Connections between Iron and Glucose Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207773. [PMID: 33096618 PMCID: PMC7589414 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is essential for energy metabolism, and states of iron deficiency or excess are detrimental for organisms and cells. Therefore, iron and carbohydrate metabolism are tightly regulated. Serum iron and glucose levels are subjected to hormonal regulation by hepcidin and insulin, respectively. Hepcidin is a liver-derived peptide hormone that inactivates the iron exporter ferroportin in target cells, thereby limiting iron efflux to the bloodstream. Insulin is a protein hormone secreted from pancreatic β-cells that stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism via insulin receptor signaling. There is increasing evidence that systemic, but also cellular iron and glucose metabolic pathways are interconnected. This review article presents relevant data derived primarily from mouse models and biochemical studies. In addition, it discusses iron and glucose metabolism in the context of human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carine Fillebeen
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3Y 1P3, Canada;
| | - Nhat Hung Lam
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (N.H.L.); (S.C.); (A.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Samantha Chow
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (N.H.L.); (S.C.); (A.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Amy Botta
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (N.H.L.); (S.C.); (A.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (N.H.L.); (S.C.); (A.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Kostas Pantopoulos
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3Y 1P3, Canada;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-514-340-8260 (ext. 25293)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bek SG, Üstüner B, Eren N, Sentürk Z, Gönüllü BK. The effect of hepcidin on components of metabolic syndrome in chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2020; 66:1100-1107. [PMID: 32935805 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.66.8.1100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepcidin is an important regulator of iron homeostasis. OBJECTIVES This cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the association between hepcidin and components of metabolic syndrome in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). DESIGN AND SETTING 103 CKD patients and 59 healthy volunteers were included in the study from the University Hospital. METHODS Serum hepcidin levels were measured by enyzme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. As for the study parameters, age, sex, body mass index, renal diseases, serum biochemistry, complete blood count, iron and total iron-binding capacity, ferritin, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), C- reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were evaluated. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 58.63 ± 11.8 years. Hepcidin level was significantly associated with hypertension and higher uric acid levels (P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between hepcidin and urea, uric acid, creatinine, ferritin, CRP, ESR, phosphorus, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), proteinuria and albuminuria in 24-hour urine collection. A negative correlation was found between hepcidin and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), hemoglobin, hematocrit, calcium, 25 OH vitamin D, pH, and bicarbonate levels. CONCLUSION Hepcidin, a well-known hormone regulator of iron metabolism, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome in patients with CKD, and further studies might delineate in-depth its potential as a promising early marker in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Gökçay Bek
- . Assistant Professor, Nephrology Department, Kocaeli University Hospital, Internal Medicine, İzmit/Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Berna Üstüner
- . Resident in Internal Medicine, Kocaeli University Hospital, Internal Medicine, İzmit/Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Necmi Eren
- . Assistant Professor, Nephrology Department, Kocaeli University Hospital, Internal Medicine, İzmit/Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Sentürk
- . Resident in Internal Medicine, Kocaeli University Hospital, Internal Medicine, İzmit/Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Betül Kalender Gönüllü
- . Assistant Professor, Nephrology Department, Kocaeli University Hospital, Internal Medicine, İzmit/Kocaeli, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gatiatulina ER, Sheina EA, Nemereshina ON, Popova EV, Polyakova VS, Agletdinov EF, Sinitskii AI, Skalny AV, Nikonorov AA, Tinkov AA. Effect of Zn Supplementation on Trace Element Status in Rats with Diet-Induced Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 197:202-212. [PMID: 31832925 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01985-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the effect of Zn supplementation on trace element levels in the liver, serum, and hair of rats with dietary-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A total of 26 3-month-old female Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, NAFLD, Zn-supplemented (227 mg/L zinc as Zn sulfate Zn(SO)4 dissolved in a drinking water), and NAFLD-Zn-supplemented. NAFLD was verified by histological assessment of liver samples. The serum was examined for routine biochemical parameters. Trace elements content was assessed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Zn treatment resulted in an improvement in liver weight and morphology. Dietary supplementation with Zn prevented NAFLD-induced decrease liver Co. The tendency to increase liver Fe in the Zn-treated group was observed. Zn treatment decreased hepatic Al and serum V levels. However, Zn administration did not affect NAFLD-induced I, Mn, and Se depletion in the liver. Hair Zn levels raised in Zn-supplemented groups. Conclusively, the results of the study indicate that Zn supplementation could have a beneficial effect in modulation of the altered trace element status and liver morphology. HIGHLIGHTS: •Zn treatment improved liver weight and morphology in rats with NAFLD. •Zn supplementation decreased liver Al in NAFLD. •Treatment by Zn prevented depletion of liver Co. •Zn decreased serum V and increased hair Zn levels. •No effect of Zn on NAFLD-induced hepatic I, Mn and Se depletion was observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia R Gatiatulina
- All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (VILAR), Grina St., 7, Moscow, 117216, Russia.
| | - Evgenia A Sheina
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6, Moscow, 105064, Russia
| | - Olga N Nemereshina
- Orenburg State Medical University, Sovetskaya St., 6, Orenburg, 460000, Russia
| | - Elizaveta V Popova
- St. Joseph College of Health and Allied Sciences, St Joseph University in Tanzania, 11007, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | | | | - Anton I Sinitskii
- South Ural State Medical University, Vorovskogo St., 64, Chelyabinsk, 454092, Russia
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6, Moscow, 105064, Russia
- Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya St., 14, Yaroslavl, 150000, Russia
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya St., 8-2, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Alexandr A Nikonorov
- State Research Center of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology, Korolenko St., 3-6, Moscow, 107076, Russia
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6, Moscow, 105064, Russia
- Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya St., 14, Yaroslavl, 150000, Russia
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya St., 8-2, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Iron Metabolism in Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155529. [PMID: 32752277 PMCID: PMC7432525 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an excessive adipose tissue accumulation that may have detrimental effects on health. Particularly, childhood obesity has become one of the main public health problems in the 21st century, since its prevalence has widely increased in recent years. Childhood obesity is intimately related to the development of several comorbidities such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-congenital cardiovascular disease, chronic inflammation and anemia, among others. Within this tangled interplay between these comorbidities and associated pathological conditions, obesity has been closely linked to important perturbations in iron metabolism. Iron is the second most abundant metal on Earth, but its bioavailability is hampered by its ability to form highly insoluble oxides, with iron deficiency being the most common nutritional disorder. Although every living organism requires iron, it may also cause toxic oxygen damage by generating oxygen free radicals through the Fenton reaction. Thus, iron homeostasis and metabolism must be tightly regulated in humans at every level (i.e., absorption, storage, transport, recycling). Dysregulation of any step involved in iron metabolism may lead to iron deficiencies and, eventually, to the anemic state related to obesity. In this review article, we summarize the existent evidence on the role of the most recently described components of iron metabolism and their alterations in obesity.
Collapse
|
38
|
Personalized Nutrition for Management of Micronutrient Deficiency-Literature Review in Non-bariatric Populations and Possible Utility in Bariatric Cohort. Obes Surg 2020; 30:3570-3582. [PMID: 32564308 PMCID: PMC7378102 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-04762-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Bariatric surgery can effectively treat morbid obesity; however, micronutrient deficiencies are common despite recommendations for high-dose supplements. Genetic predisposition to deficiencies underscores necessary identification of high-risk candidates. Personalized nutrition (PN) can be a tool to manage these deficiencies. Methods Medline, PubMed, and Google Scholar were searched. Articles involving genetic testing, micronutrient metabolism, and bariatric surgery were included. Results Studies show associations between genetic variants and micronutrient metabolism. Research demonstrates genetic testing to be a predictor for outcomes among obesity and bariatric surgery populations. There is limited research in bariatric surgery and micronutrient genetic variants. Conclusion Genotype-based PN is becoming feasible to provide an effective treatment of micronutrient deficiencies associated with bariatric surgery. The role of genomic technology in micronutrient recommendations needs further investigation.
Collapse
|
39
|
Jiang C, Zhang S, Li D, Chen L, Zhao Y, Mei G, Liu J, Tang Y, Gao C, Yao P. Impaired ferritinophagy flux induced by high fat diet mediates hepatic insulin resistance via endoplasmic reticulum stress. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 140:111329. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
40
|
Young JL, Yan X, Xu J, Yin X, Zhang X, Arteel GE, Barnes GN, States JC, Watson WH, Kong M, Cai L, Freedman JH. Cadmium and High-Fat Diet Disrupt Renal, Cardiac and Hepatic Essential Metals. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14675. [PMID: 31604971 PMCID: PMC6789035 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50771-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to the environmental toxicant cadmium (Cd) contributes to the development of obesity-associated diseases. Obesity is a risk factor for a spectrum of unhealthy conditions including systemic metabolic dyshomeostasis. In the present study, the effects of whole-life exposure to environmentally-relevant concentrations of Cd on systemic essential metal distribution in adult mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) were examined. For these studies, male and female mice were exposed to Cd-containing drinking water for >2 weeks before breeding. Pregnant mice and dams with offspring were exposed to Cd-containing drinking water. After weaning, offspring were continuously exposed to the same Cd concentration as their parents, and divided into HFD and normal (low) fat diet (LFD) groups. At 10 and 24 weeks, mice were sacrificed and blood, liver, kidney and heart harvested for metal analyses. There were significant concentration dependent increases in Cd levels in offspring with kidney > liver > heart. Sex significantly affected Cd levels in kidney and liver, with female animals accumulating more metal than males. Mice fed the HFD showed > 2-fold increase in Cd levels in the three organs compared to similarly treated LFD mice. Cadmium significantly affected essential metals levels in blood, kidney and liver. Additionally, HFD affected essential metal levels in these three organs. These findings suggest that Cd interacts with HFD to affect essential metal homeostasis, a phenomenon that may contribute to the underlying mechanism responsible for the development of obesity-associated pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Young
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Xiaofang Yan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville School of Public Health and Information Sciences, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Jianxiang Xu
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Xinmin Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Gavin E Arteel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gregory N Barnes
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - J Christopher States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Walter H Watson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Maiying Kong
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville School of Public Health and Information Sciences, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Lu Cai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Jonathan H Freedman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Increased adiposity by feeding growing rats a high-fat diet results in iron decompartmentalisation. Br J Nutr 2019; 123:1094-1108. [PMID: 32172712 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519002320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study reports the effects of a high-fat (HF) diet of over 8 weeks on the Fe status of growing rats. Tissue Fe levels were analysed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and whole-body adiposity was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Histopathology and morphometry of adipose tissue were performed. Liver homogenates were used for measuring ferroportin-1 protein levels by immunoblotting, and transcript levels were used for Fe genes measured by real-time PCR. Tissue Fe pools were fit to a compartmental biokinetic model in which Fe was assessed using fourteen compartments and twenty-seven transfer constants (kj,i from tissue 'i' to tissue 'j') adapted from the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) 69. Ten kj,i were calculated from the experimental data using non-linear regression, and seventeen were estimated by allometry according to the formula ${k_{i,j}} = a \times {M^b}$. Validation of the model was carried out by comparing predicted and analysed Fe pool sizes in erythrocytes, the liver and the spleen. Body adiposity was negatively associated with serum Fe levels and positively associated with liver Fe stores. An inferred increase in Fe transfer from bone marrow to the liver paralleled higher hepatic Fe concentrations and ferritin heavy-chain mRNA levels in the HF diet-fed animals, suggesting that liver Fe accumulation occurred at least in part due to a favoured liver erythrocyte uptake. If this feeding condition was to be prolonged, impaired Fe decompartmentalisation may occur, ultimately resulting in dysmetabolic Fe overload.
Collapse
|
42
|
Mouse models of hereditary hemochromatosis do not develop early liver fibrosis in response to a high fat diet. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221455. [PMID: 31442254 PMCID: PMC6707558 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic iron overload, a hallmark of hereditary hemochromatosis, triggers progressive liver disease. There is also increasing evidence for a pathogenic role of iron in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which may progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. Mouse models of hereditary hemochromatosis and NAFLD can be used to explore potential interactions between iron and lipid metabolic pathways. Hfe-/- mice, a model of moderate iron overload, were reported to develop early liver fibrosis in response to a high fat diet. However, this was not the case with Hjv-/- mice, a model of severe iron overload. These data raised the possibility that the Hfe gene may protect against liver injury independently of its iron regulatory function. Herein, we addressed this hypothesis in a comparative study utilizing wild type, Hfe-/-, Hjv-/- and double Hfe-/-Hjv-/- mice. The animals, all in C57BL/6J background, were fed with high fat diets for 14 weeks and developed hepatic steatosis, associated with iron overload. Hfe co-ablation did not sensitize steatotic Hjv-deficient mice to liver injury. Moreover, we did not observe any signs of liver inflammation or fibrosis even in single steatotic Hfe-/- mice. Ultrastructural studies revealed a reduced lipid and glycogen content in Hjv-/- hepatocytes, indicative of a metabolic defect. Interestingly, glycogen levels were restored in double Hfe-/-Hjv-/- mice, which is consistent with a metabolic function of Hfe. We conclude that hepatocellular iron excess does not aggravate diet-induced steatosis to steatohepatitis or early liver fibrosis in mouse models of hereditary hemochromatosis, irrespectively of the presence or lack of Hfe.
Collapse
|
43
|
Daher R, Lefebvre T, Puy H, Karim Z. Extrahepatic hepcidin production: The intriguing outcomes of recent years. World J Clin Cases 2019; 7:1926-1936. [PMID: 31423425 PMCID: PMC6695539 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i15.1926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepcidin is the hyposideremic hormone regulating iron metabolism. It is a defensin-like disulfide-bonded peptide with antimicrobial activity. The main site of hepcidin production is the liver where its synthesis is modulated by iron, inflammation and erythropoietic signaling. However, hepcidin locally produced in several peripheral organs seems to be an important actor for the maintenance of iron homeostasis in these organs. This review highlights the presence of peripheral hepcidin and its potential functions. Understanding the role of extrahepatic hepcidin could be of great physiological and therapeutic importance for several specific pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raêd Daher
- Université Paris Diderot, Bichat site, Paris 75018, France
- Inflammation Research Center (CRI), INSERM U1149/ERL CNRS 8252, Paris 75018, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, GR-Ex, Paris 75018, France
| | - Thibaud Lefebvre
- Université Paris Diderot, Bichat site, Paris 75018, France
- Inflammation Research Center (CRI), INSERM U1149/ERL CNRS 8252, Paris 75018, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, GR-Ex, Paris 75018, France
| | - Hervé Puy
- Université Paris Diderot, Bichat site, Paris 75018, France
- Inflammation Research Center (CRI), INSERM U1149/ERL CNRS 8252, Paris 75018, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, GR-Ex, Paris 75018, France
| | - Zoubida Karim
- Université Paris Diderot, Bichat site, Paris 75018, France
- Inflammation Research Center (CRI), INSERM U1149/ERL CNRS 8252, Paris 75018, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, GR-Ex, Paris 75018, France
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
Bariatric surgeries are considered the only effective way of weight loss therapy in morbidly obese patients, i.e. body mass index ≥ 35. However, micronutrient deficiencies and malnutrition are common after most bariatric procedures and thus, pre- and postoperative nutritional assessment and corrections are advised. The present review is presented in an effort to describe in some detail about prevalence, and mechanisms of macro- and micronutrient deficiencies in obese and post-bariatric surgery individuals. We also aimed to summarize the data on screening and supplementation of macro- and micronutrients before and after bariatric surgeries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonmoon Mohapatra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saint Peter's University Hospital - Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson School of Medicine, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Keerthana Gangadharan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Peter's University Hospital - Rutgers Robert Wood, Johnson School of Medicine, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Capecomorin S Pitchumoni
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Nutrition, Saint Peter's University Hospital - Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson School of Medicine, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mohammed A H, Adel Amin K. Alteration of Serum and Hepatic Trace Element Level in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-induced by High-fat Sucrose Diet. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ajsr.2019.323.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
46
|
Seckold R, Fisher E, de Bock M, King BR, Smart CE. The ups and downs of low-carbohydrate diets in the management of Type 1 diabetes: a review of clinical outcomes. Diabet Med 2019; 36:326-334. [PMID: 30362180 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dietary management has been a mainstay of care in Type 1 diabetes since before the discovery of insulin when severe carbohydrate restriction was advocated. The use of insulin facilitated re-introduction of carbohydrate into the diet. Current management guidelines focus on a healthy and varied diet with consideration of glycaemic load, protein and fat. As a result of frustration with glycaemic outcomes, low-carbohydrate diets have seen a resurgence in popularity. To date, low-carbohydrate diets have not been well studied in the management of Type 1 diabetes. Studies looking at glycaemic outcomes from low-carbohydrate diets have largely been cross-sectional, without validated dietary data and with a lack of control groups. The participants have been highly motivated self-selected individuals who follow intensive insulin management practices, including frequent blood glucose monitoring and additional insulin corrections with tight glycaemic targets. These confounders limit the ability to determine the extent of the impact of dietary carbohydrate restriction on glycaemic outcomes. Carbohydrate-containing foods including grains, fruit and milk are important sources of nutrients. Hence, low-carbohydrate diets require attention to vitamin and energy intake to avoid micronutrient deficiencies and growth issues. Adherence to restricted diets is challenging and can have an impact on social normalcy. In individuals with Type 1 diabetes, adverse health risks such as diabetic ketoacidosis, hypoglycaemia, dyslipidaemia and glycogen depletion remain clinical concerns. In the present paper, we review studies published to date and provide clinical recommendations for ongoing monitoring and support for individuals who choose to adopt a low-carbohydrate diet. Strategies to optimize postprandial glycaemia without carbohydrate restriction are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Seckold
- Department of Paediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, John Hunter Children's Hospital, Newcastle, NSW
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - E Fisher
- Department of Paediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, John Hunter Children's Hospital, Newcastle, NSW
| | - M de Bock
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - B R King
- Department of Paediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, John Hunter Children's Hospital, Newcastle, NSW
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - C E Smart
- Department of Paediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, John Hunter Children's Hospital, Newcastle, NSW
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Segrestin B, Moreno-Navarrete JM, Seyssel K, Alligier M, Meugnier E, Nazare JA, Vidal H, Fernandez-Real JM, Laville M. Adipose Tissue Expansion by Overfeeding Healthy Men Alters Iron Gene Expression. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:688-696. [PMID: 30260393 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Iron overload has been associated with greater adipose tissue (AT) depots. We retrospectively studied the potential interactions between iron and AT during an experimental overfeeding in participants without obesity. METHODS Twenty-six participants (mean body mass index ± SD, 24.7 ± 3.1 kg/m2) underwent a 56-day overfeeding (+760 kcal/d). Serum iron biomarkers (ELISA), subcutaneous AT (SAT) gene expression, and abdominal AT distribution assessed by MRI were analyzed at the beginning and the end of the intervention. RESULTS Before intervention: SAT mRNA expression of the iron transporter transferrin (Tf) was positively correlated with the expression of genes related to lipogenesis (lipin 1, ACSL1) and lipid storage (SCD). SAT expression of the ferritin light chain (FTL) gene, encoding ferritin (FT), an intracellular iron storage protein, was negatively correlated to SREBF1, a gene related to lipogenesis. Serum FT (mean, 92 ± 57 ng/mL) was negatively correlated with the expression of SAT genes linked to lipid storage (SCD, DGAT2) and to lipogenesis (SREBF1, ACSL1). After intervention: Overfeeding led to a 2.3 ± 1.3-kg weight gain. In parallel to increased expression of lipid storage-related genes (mitoNEET, SCD, DGAT2, SREBF1), SAT Tf, SLC40A1 (encoding ferroportin 1, a membrane iron export channel) and hephaestin mRNA levels increased, whereas SAT FTL mRNA decreased, suggesting increased AT iron requirement. Serum FT decreased to 67 ± 43 ng/mL. However, no significant associations between serum iron biomarkers and AT distribution or expansion were observed. CONCLUSION In healthy men, iron metabolism gene expression in SAT is associated with lipid storage and lipogenesis genes expression and is modulated during a 56-day overfeeding diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berenice Segrestin
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, and Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Pierre Benite, France
- Eating Disorder Unit, Groupe Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - José Maria Moreno-Navarrete
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Girona Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Girona, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Girona, Spain
| | - Kevin Seyssel
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, and Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Pierre Benite, France
| | - Maud Alligier
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, and Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Pierre Benite, France
- F-CRIN/FORCE Network, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Emmanuelle Meugnier
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, and Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Pierre Benite, France
| | - Julie-Anne Nazare
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, and Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Pierre Benite, France
| | - Hubert Vidal
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, and Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Pierre Benite, France
| | - José Manuel Fernandez-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Girona Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Girona, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion, Girona, Spain
| | - Martine Laville
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, and Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Pierre Benite, France
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition Department, Groupe Hospitalier Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Benite, France
- F-CRIN/FORCE Network, Pierre Bénite, France
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Jiang S, Yan K, Sun B, Gao S, Yang X, Ni Y, Ma W, Zhao R. Long-Term High-Fat Diet Decreases Hepatic Iron Storage Associated with Suppressing TFR2 and ZIP14 Expression in Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:11612-11621. [PMID: 30350980 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
High-fat diet-induced obesity is known to disturb hepatic iron metabolism in a time-dependent manner. The mechanism of decreased hepatic iron deposits induced by long-term high-fat diet needs to be further investigated. In this study, 24 6-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were given a 16-week high-fat diet and hepatic iron metabolism was examined. High-fat diet feeding considerably decreased hepatic iron contents, enhanced transferrin expression, and reduced the expression of ferritin heavy chain, ferritin light chain, and hepatic iron uptake-related proteins (transferrin receptor 2, TFR2, and ZRT/IRT-like protein 14, ZIP14) in rats. Impaired expression of hepatic TFR2 coincided with DNA hypermethylation on the promoter and repressed expression of transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α). miR-181 family expression was markedly increased and verified to regulate Zip14 expression by the dual-luciferase reporter system. Taken together, long-term high-fat diet decreases hepatic iron storage, which is closely linked to inhibition of liver iron transport through the TFR2 and ZIP14-dependent pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuxia Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shixing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yingdong Ni
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Ma
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ferroportin-Hepcidin Axis in Prepubertal Obese Children with Sufficient Daily Iron Intake. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15102156. [PMID: 30275363 PMCID: PMC6210055 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Iron metabolism may be disrupted in obesity, therefore, the present study assessed the iron status, especially ferroportin and hepcidin concentrations, as well as associations between the ferroportin-hepcidin axis and other iron markers in prepubertal obese children. The following were determined: serum ferroportin, hepcidin, ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), iron concentrations and values of hematological parameters as well as the daily dietary intake in 40 obese and 40 normal-weight children. The ferroportin/hepcidin and ferritin/hepcidin ratios were almost two-fold lower in obese children (p = 0.001; p = 0.026, respectively). Similar iron concentrations (13.2 vs. 15.2 µmol/L, p = 0.324), the sTfR/ferritin index (0.033 vs. 0.041, p = 0.384) and values of hematological parameters were found in obese and control groups, respectively. Iron daily intake in the obese children examined was consistent with recommendations. In this group, the ferroportin/hepcidin ratio positively correlated with energy intake (p = 0.012), dietary iron (p = 0.003) and vitamin B12 (p = 0.024). In the multivariate regression model an association between the ferroportin/hepcidin ratio and the sTfR/ferritin index in obese children (β = 0.399, p = 0.017) was found. These associations did not exist in the controls. The results obtained suggest that in obese children with sufficient iron intake, the altered ferroportin-hepcidin axis may occur without signs of iron deficiency or iron deficiency anemia. The role of other micronutrients, besides dietary iron, may also be considered in the iron status of these children.
Collapse
|
50
|
Hori S, Hara H, Ishizuka S. Marginal iron deficiency enhances liver triglyceride accumulation in rats fed a high-sucrose diet. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:2140-2148. [PMID: 30185127 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1515616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigated whether marginal iron-deficiency (MID) without anemia influences liver lipid accumulation in rats. Ingestion of a MID diet in which the iron concentration was half of AIN-93 formulation (iron-adequate, IA) for 3 weeks decreased liver iron concentration without anemia. We then evaluated the influence of the MID diet on liver lipid accumulation in combination with a high-sucrose (HS) diet and confirmed that the HS-MID diet successfully decreased liver iron concentration without anemia. Additionally, a significant increase in liver triglyceride concentration was found, accompanied by upregulation of hepatic fatty acid synthase expression in the rats fed the HS-MID diet compared to those in the rats fed an HS-IA diet, although no difference was observed in plasma transaminase activity and hepatic interleukin-1β expression. These results suggest that MID enhances de novo lipid synthesis via upregulation of lipogenic gene expression in combination with sucrose in the diet. Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; HS, high sucrose; IA, iron adequate; ID, iron deficiency; MID, marginal irondeficiency; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shota Hori
- a Division of Fundamental Agriscience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hara
- a Division of Fundamental Agriscience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishizuka
- a Division of Fundamental Agriscience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
| |
Collapse
|