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Speer A, Ziegeldorf A, Streicher H, Wulff H, Wagner P. The Role of Sports Club Participation on Stability of Motor Performance and Body Composition: A Longitudinal Study in Primary School Children. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 2024:2952520. [PMID: 38899041 PMCID: PMC11186689 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2952520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Methods MP and BC of 295 children (161 girls) with a mean age of 8.42 ± 0.36 years were measured annually with the German Motor Test 6-18. Based on self-reports, children were divided into three groups according to consistent (CON), partial (PAR), and nonparticipation (NO) in SC. NO and PAR were then combined into NO-PAR. The stability of MP and BC was determined using Pearson's correlation coefficient (r). Associations of SC participation, MP, and BC were examined using robust mixed-model ANOVA (mmANOVA) additionally with first grade as covariate (ANCOVA). Results More girls (39%) than boys (25%) were classified in PAR. The stability of MP (r = .755) and BMI (r = .889) was moderately high. Children in CON (r = .847) showed lower stability in BMI than NO-PAR (r = .923). mmANOVA revealed better overall MP for both sexes in CON except for balance and BMI. Boys in CON showed better performance in flexibility, endurance, and speed than NO-PAR. ANCOVA confirmed unadjusted results for boys. Conclusion Lower stability of BMI due to CON indicates a greater variance in ranking and thus the chance to adjust weight management in childhood. Girls' MP benefited less from SC participation, which may be due to their more frequent rates in PAR. Therefore, interventions to increase engagement in SC should focus on a stepwise approach from none to partial and finally to long-term participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Speer
- Faculty of Sport ScienceLeipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Heike Streicher
- Faculty of Sport ScienceLeipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hagen Wulff
- Faculty of Sport ScienceLeipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Petra Wagner
- Faculty of Sport ScienceLeipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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Overman ML, Vrijkotte T, Sánchez Castro YM, Harskamp-van Ginkel MW, Hunsberger M, Renders CM, Kremers SPJ, Chinapaw MJM. The cross-sectional association of parental psychosocial status with children's Body Mass Index z-score and the mediating role of children's energy balance behaviors - the ABCD Study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302147. [PMID: 38683830 PMCID: PMC11057752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigate the cross-sectional association between the psychosocial status of mothers and fathers and the BMI z-scores of their 10 to 12-year-old children. Explore whether this association is mediated by children's diet, physical activity, screen time and sleep. Analyze the moderating effect of the educational levels of both the mother and father on the association. DESIGN In a cross-sectional study design, children's height and weight were measured following a standardized protocol. Parents completed the validated Depression Anxiety and Stress questionnaire, while diet quality, sports participation, time spent in bed and screen time were assessed through child-report using previously validated questions. PARTICIPANTS The data for this study were obtained from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study, involving children aged 10 to 12 years and both of their parents (N = 1315). RESULTS The majority, 80%, of the parents were highly educated and born in the Netherlands, and 68% of the children had a healthy BMI. Maternal or paternal psychosocial status was not significantly associated with children's BMI z-score (maternal β -0.0037; 95% CI: -0.008 to 0.0007, paternal β 0.0028; 95% CI: -0.007 to 0.002). Screen time mediated the association between paternal psychosocial status and children's BMI z-score (β = 0.010, 95% CI: 0.002; 0.020). Children's diet, physical activity, and sleep did not mediate the association between paternal psychosocial status and children's BMI z-score. Parental educational level was not a moderator. CONCLUSIONS This research is unique in including four energy balance behaviors and including both mothers and fathers' psychosocial status. Children withfathers experiencing poorer psychosocial status engaged in more screen time which partly explained their higher BMI z-score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith L. Overman
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Health Behaviour and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja Vrijkotte
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Health Behaviour and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yolanda M. Sánchez Castro
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Health Behaviour and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Margreet W. Harskamp-van Ginkel
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Health Behaviour and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monica Hunsberger
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carry M. Renders
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Health Behaviour and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stef P. J. Kremers
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mai J. M. Chinapaw
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Health Behaviour and Chronic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Rogers AE, Schenkelberg MA, Stoepker P, Westmark D, Srivastava D, Dzewaltowski DA. Indicators of community physical activity resources and opportunities and variation by community sociodemographic characteristics: A scoping review. Prev Med Rep 2024; 40:102656. [PMID: 38435416 PMCID: PMC10904198 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This scoping review synthesizes studies examining community-level variability in physical activity resource (assets) and opportunity (organized group physical activity services) availability by community sociodemographic characteristics to describe methodologies for measuring resources/opportunities, indicators characterizing availability, and associations between community-level sociodemographic characteristics and availability. Methods A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus for literature through 2022. Eligible studies quantitatively examined measures of physical activity resource/opportunity availability by community-level racial, ethnic, and/or socioeconomic characteristics within geospatially defined communities. Extracted data included: community geospatial definitions, sociodemographic characteristics assessed, methodologies for measuring and indicators of community physical activity resource/opportunity availability, and study findings. Results Among the 46 included studies, community geospatial units were defined by 28 different community boundaries (e.g., town), and 13% of studies were conducted in rural areas. Nearly all (98%) studies measured community-level socioeconomic status, and 45% of studies measured race/ethnicity. A total of 41 indicators of physical activity resource/opportunity availability were identified. Most studies (91%) assessed built environment resources (e.g., parks), while 8.7% of studies assessed opportunities (e.g., programs). Of 141 associations/differences between community sociodemographic characteristics and resource/opportunity availability, 29.8% indicated greater availability in communities of higher socioeconomic status or lower prevalence of minority populations. The remaining findings were in the opposite direction (9.2%), non-significant (36.9%), or mixed (24.1%). Conclusions Variability in physical activity resources/opportunities by community sociodemographic characteristics was not consistently evident. However, the indicators synthesized may be useful for informing population health improvement efforts by illuminating the physical and social conditions impacting population physical activity outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann E. Rogers
- Department of Health Promotion, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984365 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4365, USA
| | - Michaela A. Schenkelberg
- School of Health and Kinesiology, College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 6001 Dodge Street, Omaha, NE 68182, USA
| | - Peter Stoepker
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Kansas State University, 920 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Danielle Westmark
- Leon S. McGoogan Health Sciences Library, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986705 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6705, USA
| | - Deepa Srivastava
- Department of Child, Youth and Family Studies, College of Education and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 840 N 14 Street, Lincoln, NE 68588-0236, USA
| | - David A. Dzewaltowski
- Department of Health Promotion, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984365 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4365, USA
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Benavente-Marín JC, Barón-López FJ, Gil Barcenilla B, Longo Abril G, Rumbao Aguirre JM, Pérez-Farinós N, Wärnberg J. Adherence to the WHO recommendation of three weekly days of vigorous intensity activities in children: an accelerometry study of vigorous physical activity bouts. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16815. [PMID: 38406285 PMCID: PMC10893867 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that children and adolescents incorporate vigorous intensity activities (VIAs) at least three days a week. This recommendation has not been sufficiently studied using objective methods, such as accelerometry. Physical education classes and extracurricular sports activities are optimal opportunities for compliance with this recommendation. Objective To identify VIAs through bouts of vigorous physical activity (VPA-Bouts) evaluated with accelerometry and, with this, to know the compliance with the recommendation on VIAs. Methods A cross-sectional study of the habitual physical activity of 353 children (8-9 years old) was carried out using accelerometry and participation in organized extracurricular sports activities was asked through a questionnaire. School days with and without physical education class, weekends, and the average weekly day were identified, as well as school time and out-of-school time. A VPA-Bout was defined as an interval of at least 60 minutes with a proportion of VPA of at least 16.7% in boys and 12.5% in girls (10.0 and 7.5 minutes/hour of VPA, respectively). Results The average daily time in organized extracurricular sports activities declared by questionnaire and the average daily duration of the VPA-Bouts evaluated with accelerometers in the extracurricular period was 21.3 (SD 19.8) and 23.9 (SD 31.2) minutes, respectively, in boys, whereas, in girls it was 20.2 (SD 17.4) and 11.0 (SD 16.9) minutes, respectively. In school time including a physical education class, there was a higher proportion of VPA-Bouts than without these classes (with: 28.6%, without: 2.1%, p < 0.001). Children who reported at least three weekly hours of organized extracurricular sports activities accumulated a higher proportion of school afternoons with VPA-Bouts than those with fewer weekly hours of this type of activities (≥3 hours/week: 27.5%, <3 hours/week: 9.3%, p < 0.001). On the weekend, boys who reported at least three weekly hours of organized extracurricular sports activities performed more VPA-Bouts than those participating in less weekly hours, while in girls no significant differences were observed (weekend; boys, ≥3 hours/week: 26.0%, <3 hours/week: 9.0%, p < 0.001; girls: 8.3%, 8.0%, p = 0.917). Compliance with the recommendation to incorporate VIAs at least three days a week was 23.8%. Children who reported at least three weekly hours of extracurricular sports activities achieved higher compliance than those who reported fewer extracurricular activities (≥3 hours/week: 35.1%, <3 hours/week: 12.7%, p < 0.001). Additionally, boys showed higher compliance rates than girls (boys: 32.9%, girls: 15.3%, p < 0.001). Conclusion One in every four children met the WHO recommendation to incorporate VIAs at least three days a week, as evaluated by accelerometry. Physical education classes and extracurricular organized sports activities contributed to compliance with this recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Benavente-Marín
- EpiPHAAN Research Group, Universidad de Málaga—Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Barón-López
- EpiPHAAN Research Group, Universidad de Málaga—Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Begoña Gil Barcenilla
- Plan Integral de Obesidad Infantil de Andalucía (PIOBIN), Consejería de Salud y Consumo. Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Longo Abril
- Plan Integral de Obesidad Infantil de Andalucía (PIOBIN), Consejería de Salud y Consumo. Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla, Spain
| | - José M. Rumbao Aguirre
- Plan Integral de Obesidad Infantil de Andalucía (PIOBIN), Consejería de Salud y Consumo. Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Napoleón Pérez-Farinós
- EpiPHAAN Research Group, Universidad de Málaga—Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Wärnberg
- EpiPHAAN Research Group, Universidad de Málaga—Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Johnson AM, Bocarro JN, Saelens BE. Youth Sport Participation by Metropolitan Status: 2018-2019 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH). RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2023; 94:895-904. [PMID: 35580038 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2022.2069662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: This cross-sectional study used data from the 2018-2019 National Survey of Children's Health to examine the association between metropolitan statistical area (MSA) status and sports participation among American youth ages 6-17. Methods: Weighted prevalence statistics were computed for sports participation by MSA status (non-MSA, MSA), overall and by child sex and age. Modified Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) for non-MSA versus MSA youth, before and after adjusting for special health-care needs, race/ethnicity, household income, parent education, and family structure. Results: The final sample included 30,029 youth [Mage = 11.6 years (SD = 0.4), 51.4% female, 49.0% White]. About 56% participated in sports in the past year. Sports participation was significantly higher among females versus males [59.1% (95% CI: 57.4%-60.7%) versus 52.1% (95% CI: 50.4%-53.8%), p < .001]. Among ages 6-11, those in non-MSAs (versus MSAs) were less likely to participate in sports [PR 0.92 (95% CI: 0.86-0.99), p = .033], which was non-significant after adjustment. In adjusted models, youth ages 12-17 in non-MSAs (versus in MSAs) were more likely to participate in sports overall [aPR 1.07 (95% CI: 1.00-1.15), p = .042] and among males [aPR 1.12 (95% CI: 1.01-1.23), p = .026]. Conclusion: The relationship between MSA status and sports participation may be largely driven by factors that affect youth's ability to participate in sports. Sports participation was higher among females versus males overall. In the models adjusted for demographics, non-MSA youth ages 12-17 were more likely to participate, particularly males. Efforts promoting youth sports should consider differences in socio-demographic factors between MSA versus non-MSA areas to help increase participation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brian E Saelens
- Seattle Children's Research Institute
- University of Washington
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6
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Strosser S. Youth Sport Specialization and Risk of Injury: A General Review. Clin J Sport Med 2023; 33:652-657. [PMID: 37104869 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000001157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this literature review was to analyze, understand, and disclose prior empirical findings about the injury risks associated with youth sport specialization. DATA SOURCES Articles were included in this review if they examined the association between youth sport specialization status and injury. Nine articles from 5 journals met these criteria. All articles summarized the findings of cross-sectional (N = 5) or cohort studies (N = 4). MAIN RESULTS Each article included in this review indicated that specialized youth athletes are more susceptible to injury. Only 5 studies assessed the injury risks linked to specialization independent of sport training volume. These studies produced contradictory results. CONCLUSIONS Although specialized youth athletes are more prone to injury, future research is needed to determine the independent and inherent injury risk associated with specialization. Nevertheless, youth athletes should refrain from specialization until at least adolescence.
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Farias L, Nyberg G, Helgadóttir B, Andermo S. Adolescents' experiences of a school-based health promotion intervention in socioeconomically advantaged and disadvantaged areas in Sweden: a qualitative process evaluation study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1631. [PMID: 37626379 PMCID: PMC10464358 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16581-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a transition period in which positive experiences of physical activity have the potential to last into later adulthood. These experiences are influenced by socioeconomic determinants, leading to health inequalities. This study aims to explore adolescents' experiences and participation in a multi-component school-based intervention in schools located in socioeconomically advantaged and disadvantaged areas in Sweden. METHODS A qualitative design was used to evaluate how participants experienced the intervention. The intervention was a multi-component school-based intervention. It was conducted in six schools (four control and two intervention schools) with a total of 193 students and lasted one school year. It was teacher-led and consisted of three 60-minute group sessions per week: varied physical activities, homework support with activity breaks, and walks while listening to audiobooks. In total, 23 participant observations were conducted over eight months and 27 students participated in focus groups. A content analysis was conducted. RESULTS The results describe a main category 'Engaging in activities depending on socioeconomic status' and three generic categories: 1. Variations in participation in PA together with classmates and teachers; 2. Variations in engagement in PA after school; and 3. Differences in time and place allocated to do homework and listen to audiobooks. These categories illustrate how participants looked forward to the physical activities but used the time spent during the walks and homework support differently depending on how busy they were after school. Frequently, those who were busiest after school were also those from the advantaged area, and those who had little to do after school were from the disadvantaged area. CONCLUSION Socioeconomic factors influence participants' possibilities to engage in the intervention activities as well as how they use their time in the activities. This study showed that it is crucial to support adolescents' participation in physical activities by providing structure and engaging well-known teachers in the activities, especially in schools located in disadvantaged areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette Farias
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 141 83, Sweden.
| | - Gisela Nyberg
- Department of Sport Science, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Lidingövägen 1, Stockholm, 114 33, Sweden
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
| | - Björg Helgadóttir
- Department of Sport Science, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Lidingövägen 1, Stockholm, 114 33, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
| | - Susanne Andermo
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 141 83, Sweden
- Department of Sport Science, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Lidingövägen 1, Stockholm, 114 33, Sweden
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
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McCormack M, Pratt M, Conway TL, Cain KL, Frank LD, Saelens BE, Glanz K, Larsen BA, Bloss CS, Fox EH, Sallis JF. Availability of Recreation Facilities and Parks In Relation to Adolescent Participation in Organized Sports and Activity Programs. JOURNAL OF HEALTHY EATING AND ACTIVE LIVING 2023; 3:19-35. [PMID: 37794920 PMCID: PMC10546936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Most adolescents do not meet physical activity guidelines, so understanding facilitators and barriers is important. This study used surveys and geocoded location data to examine associations of availability of parks and recreation facilities with adolescent-reported participation in organized team sports and physical activity classes. The study was conducted with 928 adolescents aged 12-17 years, plus one parent/caretaker, recruited from two regions of the US. Adolescents' participation in teams and classes was positively associated with parents' perceptions of multiple available recreation environments, but not with objectively-measured availability. Having multiple nearby parks and recreation facilities may provide adolescents with more options for participating in preferred organized team sports and activity classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa McCormack
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, U.S.A
| | - Michael Pratt
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, U.S.A
| | - Terry L Conway
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, U.S.A
| | - Kelli L Cain
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, U.S.A
| | - Lawrence D Frank
- Department of Urban Studies and Planning, University of California San Diego, U.S.A
- Urban Design 4 Health, Inc., Rochester, NY U.S.A
| | - Brian E Saelens
- Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, U.S.A
| | - Karen Glanz
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - Britta A Larsen
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, U.S.A
| | - Cinnamon S Bloss
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, U.S.A
| | - Eric H Fox
- Urban Design 4 Health, Inc., Rochester, NY U.S.A
| | - James F Sallis
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, U.S.A
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, U.S.A
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Gadd N, Hoch JM, McKay C, Tinsley J, Dlugonski D. Youth sport participation, injury history, and current physical activity among young adults. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-6. [PMID: 37437201 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2230303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the interaction between high school (HS) sports participation and injury history with current moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among young adults. Participants: Participants (N = 236) were 18-25 years old, not currently injured, and reported no physical activity limitations. Methods: Participants completed online demographic, injury history, and physical activity surveys. A two-way analysis of covariance was used to test the interaction between HS athlete status and previous injury severity on current self-reported MVPA. Results: Participants were 22.2 ± 2.1 years, primarily White (81.8%) or Asian (6.4%), and female (77.5%). After including body mass index and race as covariates, there was a statistically significant interaction between HS athlete status and previous injury history such that current MVPA was higher among former HS athletes compared to HS recreational/nonathletes when individuals reported no injuries or mild injury severity. MVPA was similar across athlete status groups when participants reported high levels of injury severity. Conclusions: Future studies should examine whether young adults who have experienced multiple and/or severe injuries as competitive HS athletes have unique physical activity barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Gadd
- College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Johanna M Hoch
- College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Chloe McKay
- College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jennifer Tinsley
- College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Sports Medicine Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Deirdre Dlugonski
- College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Sports Medicine Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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10
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Moss S, Zhang X, Tamplain P, Gu X. Overweight/obesity and socio-demographic disparities in children's motor and cognitive function. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1134647. [PMID: 37287792 PMCID: PMC10242128 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1134647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fundamental motor skills (FMS) and cognitive function are important indicators of development in early childhood. Using a cross-sectional design, the purpose of this study was to investigate obesity (healthy weight vs. overweight/obese) and socio-demographic (i.e., gender, SES) disparities in FMS (locomotor and ball skills) and cognitive function (reaction time [RT] and movement time [MT]), in preschoolers. There were 74 preschoolers (girl = 38; Mage = 4.02 ± 0.73) recruited from two childcare centers and were categorized into healthy weight (n = 58, BMI percentile < 85%) and overweight/obese (n = 16, BMI percentile ≥ 85%) categories. Children's FMS were assessed using the TGMD-3; cognitive function was assessed by the iPad-based CANTAB™ software using the Reaction Time Task (RTI), including reaction time (RT; Simple RT [SRT], choice RT [CRT]) and movement time (MT; simple MT [SMT], choice MT [CMT]). Children presented less FMS proficiency compared to recent data. Both weight groups performed comparably in FMS (ps > 0.05; ball skill Cohen's d = 0.40; locomotor Cohen's d = 0.02). Children in the overweight/obese group performed significantly worse on all cognitive tests compared to healthy weight peers (ps < 0.05; Cohen's d range from -0.93 to -1.43). No significant gender or SES disparities were observed. Maintaining healthy weight status is critical for cognitive development among preschoolers, which may influence their developmental trajectory and school readiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Moss
- Kinesiology Department, State University of New York at Cortland, Cortland, NY, United States
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- Kinesiology Department, Centenary College of Louisiana, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Priscila Tamplain
- Kinesiology Department, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Xiangli Gu
- Kinesiology Department, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
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Vanhelst J, Béghin L, Drumez E, Labreuche J, Polito A, De Ruyter T, Censi L, Ferrari M, Miguel-Berges ML, Michels N, De Henauw S, Moreno LA, Gottrand F. Changes in physical activity patterns from adolescence to young adulthood: the BELINDA study. Eur J Pediatr 2023:10.1007/s00431-023-04948-8. [PMID: 37058152 PMCID: PMC10103669 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-04948-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) is recognized as a marker of health. The aim was to investigate PA differences from adolescence to young adulthood. European adolescents included in the HELENA study were invited to participate in a follow-up study, 10 years later. The present study included 141 adults (25.0 ± 1.4 years) for whom valid accelerometer data were available in adolescence and adulthood. Changes in PA by sex, weight and maternal education level were explored with interactions. Time spent in sedentary activity, light PA (LPA) and moderate PA (MPA) increased by 39.1, 59.6 and 6.6 min/day, respectively, whereas the time spent in vigorous PA (VPA) decreased by 11.3 min/day compared with adolescent VPA (p < 0.05). Increases in MPA were greater on weekends compared with weekdays, but we found a greater decrease in VPA on weekdays compared with weekends. Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) decreased significantly on weekdays (-9.6 min/day; 95%CI, -15.9 to -3.4), while it increased on weekends (8.4 min/day; 95%CI, 1.9 to 14.8). Significant heterogeneity was found across sexes for VPA and MVPA, with a stronger decrease in VPA in males compared with females and a significant decrease in MVPA (-12.5 min/day; 95%CI, -20.4 to -4.5) in males but not in females (1.9 min/day; 95%CI, -5.5 to 9.2). No significant heterogeneity was found to be linked to maternal education level or weight, irrespective of PA level. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the transition from adolescence to young adulthood is a critical period for lifestyle PA habits. A decline in VPA and an increasingly sedentary time were observed. The observed changes are worrying and may increase the risk of developing adverse health consequences later in life. What is Known: • The transition from adolescence to adulthood is marked by many life changes affecting lifestyle habits. Most studies tracking physical activity from adolescence to adulthood were done using PA questionnaires, which is a subjective method. What is New: • Our study bring first data on objective changes in PA patterns between adolescence and young adulthood, taking account of BMI, sex and maternal educational level. Our results suggest that the transition from adolescence to young adulthood is a critical period for lifestyle PA habits, especially for time spent on sedentary activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Vanhelst
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord and Université Paris Cité, INSERM, INRAE, CNAM, Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), F-93017, Bobigny, France.
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, and CIC 1403 - Clinical Investigation Center, F-59000, Lille, France.
| | - Laurent Béghin
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, and CIC 1403 - Clinical Investigation Center, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Elodie Drumez
- Department of Biostatistics, CHU Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | | | - Angela Polito
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, 00178, Rome, Italy
| | - Thaïs De Ruyter
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laura Censi
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, 00178, Rome, Italy
| | - Marika Ferrari
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, 00178, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Miguel-Berges
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Agroalimentaria de Aragón (IA2), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009, Saragossa, Spain
| | - Nathalie Michels
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefaan De Henauw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luis A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Agroalimentaria de Aragón (IA2), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009, Saragossa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Frédéric Gottrand
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, and CIC 1403 - Clinical Investigation Center, F-59000, Lille, France
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12
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Prados MJ, Nicosia N, Datar A. Impact of built, social, and economic environments on adolescent obesity and related health behaviors. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:1085-1094. [PMID: 36942421 PMCID: PMC10034597 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to estimate the effects of the built, social, and economic environments on adolescent obesity and related behaviors. METHODS Exploiting quasi-exogenous variation in military families' geographic location, this study estimated intent-to-treat models of the association between the assigned installation's county environments and adolescents' (mean age 13.5 years) self-reported and model-corrected BMI, overweight or obesity status, and self-reported diet and exercise. Three indices for the built, social, and economic environments characterized county-level environments (higher value implies more advantageous environments) based on 19 indicators. Multivariate linear and logistic models were estimated on the full sample (N = 1111) and on subsamples with greater exposure based on time (n = 682) and off-installation residence (n = 604). RESULTS Exposure to more advantageous built environments for more than 2 years was associated with lower probabilities of obesity (-0.18; 95% CI: -0.34 to -0.026) and overweight or obesity (-0.34; 95% CI: -0.56 to -0.12) and was associated with lower BMI z scores (-0.76; 95% CI: -1.45 to -0.02). Results for adolescents living off-installation were similar. More advantageous built environments were also associated with lower consumption of unhealthy foods, but not with physical activity. Social and economic environments were not associated with any outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The built environment, but not social and economic environments, was a strong predictor of adolescents' BMI, overweight or obesity status, and eating behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J Prados
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Ashlesha Datar
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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13
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The association between childhood motor performance and developmental trajectories of sport participation over 5 years in Danish students aged 6-16-year-old. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4133. [PMID: 36914739 PMCID: PMC10009835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31344-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sports participation has potential to promote physical activity in youth. Unfortunately, sports participation and physical activity may decline from childhood to adolescence and into adulthood. Globally, only 20% of 13-15-year-olds meet the World Health Organisation recommendations for physical activity. This study aimed to investigate the 5-year trajectories of sports participation and their association with baseline motor performance in Danish school children as part of the Childhood Health Activity and Motor Performance School Study-Denmark (CHAMPS-DK), a school-based physical activity intervention study which investigated the health benefits of increased physical education lessons. Five distinct trajectories were identified, with group 1 maintained a stable trajectory of little to no sports participation, and group 2 showing a low decreasing trend. Group 3-5, the most sports active, demonstrated increasing sport participation at different rates. Baseline motor performance score was associated with the two most active sports participation groups. Students who were more physically active during school hours participated less in organised leisure time sports. This suggest focusing on improving motor performance in youth may support future sports participation and thus health-related physical activity. But also, that it might be necessary to engage and maintain children and adolescents in leisure time sports while implementing physical activity promotion interventions.
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Johnson AM, Knell G, Walker TJ, Kroshus E. Differences in American adolescent sport participation during the COVID-19 pandemic by learning mode: A national survey. Prev Med Rep 2023; 32:102151. [PMID: 36820265 PMCID: PMC9933460 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the relation between learning mode with sport participation and compare participation prevalence in different settings by learning mode among United States adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional, national survey was conducted by a market research company (December 2021-January 2022) among parents whose child participated in sports pre-pandemic. Parents were asked about their child's learning mode (in-person, online, hybrid); sports participation (yes/no) during the pandemic; and participation setting (school, community, club/elite). Weighted logistic regression models examined the relation between learning mode with sport participation. Weighted prevalence estimates of participation setting were compared by learning mode. Among youth included in the analysis (n = 500; Meanage = 14.0 years), 71.0% played sports during the pandemic. Learning mode was significantly associated with participating (versus not participating) among adolescents attending school online (aOR = 0.09; 95% CI: 0.04-0.18) and in a hybrid modality (aOR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.15-0.58) versus those attending in-person. Those attending school online (versus in-person or hybrid) had significantly lower participation prevalence in community, school, and club/elite sports. Findings may reflect parents opting out of in-person activities or schools canceling organized sport opportunities. To inform engagement strategies, research is needed to understand reasons for declined participation and extent to which participation resumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh M. Johnson
- Work conducted while at the Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA,Corresponding author at: 5499 Aztec Bowl, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
| | - Gregory Knell
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Dallas, TX, USA,Center for Pediatric Population Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX, USA,Children’s Health Andrews Institute for Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Plano, TX, USA
| | - Timothy J. Walker
- Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Emily Kroshus
- Work conducted while at the Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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15
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Kleppang AL, Vettore MV, Hartz I, Haugland SH, Stea TH. Patterns of unhealthy behaviours during adolescence and subsequent anxiety and depression in adulthood: a prospective register linkage study of the HUNT survey and health registries. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:6. [PMID: 36691059 PMCID: PMC9869587 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01408-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing need for prospective investigations in the preventing role of health-related behaviours on mental health problems. The aim of this study is to identify patterns of health-related behaviours in adolescence, and the association between the behavioural patterns and the subsequent diagnoses and/or drug treatment for anxiety and/or depression in adulthood. METHODS This prospective study consisted of 13-19-year-old participants in the Trøndelag Health Study (Young-HUNT3) in 2006-2008 (n = 2061, 1205 females and 856 males) in Norway, who also participated in HUNT4 (2017-2019). Survey data on health-related behaviours in adolescence, including low level of physical activity, low consumption of wholegrain bread, fish, fruit, vegetables and high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and insomnia were linked on an individual level to prospective information on drug use and diagnosis in national health registries. The different patterns of health-related behaviours were identified through latent class analysis. Subsequent anxiety or depression was defined as at least one recording in either of three registries covering recorded diagnosis in primary and specialist healthcare, or dispensed prescription drugs during 2008-2019. Additionally, self-reported psychological distress measured in young adulthood was applied as a supplemental outcome measure. RESULTS Four patterns of health-related behaviours were identified: high risk behaviours (class 1), moderate to high risk behaviours (class 2), low to moderate risk behaviours (class 3) and low risk behaviours (class 4). Adolescents in class 3 showed higher odds of subsequent diagnoses for anxiety and/or depression in primary and specialist healthcare compared to class 4 participants. In addition, both class 1 and class 4 participants had higher odds for self-reported psychological distress than those class 4 (OR = 1.56 and OR = 1.86, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that health-related behaviours are clustered among Norwegian adolescents. The patterns of unhealthy behaviours during adolescence only partly increased the risk of anxiety and depression in adulthood. Promoting healthy behaviours during adolescence may potentially reduce the burden of mental illness in adulthood, but further research is needed to clarify the nature of the relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Løvheim Kleppang
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing Science, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Mario Vianna Vettore
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing Science, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Hartz
- grid.412929.50000 0004 0627 386XInnlandet Hospital Trust, Hedmark, Norway ,grid.477237.2Department of Health and Nursing Science, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Siri Håvås Haugland
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Psychosocial Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Tonje Holte Stea
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing Science, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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16
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Song Y, Shi C. Association between sports participation and overall health in children and adolescents. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2022; 51:101718. [PMID: 36801646 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence revealed that participating in sports may have benefits for health, but the association between sports participation and self-rated overall health has not been clearly established in children and adolescents. The present study aimed to examine the cross-sectional relationships between sports participation and self-rated overall health. A national sample of 42,777 (mean age = 9.4 ± 5.2, 48.3% girls) United States children and adolescents completed self-administered questionnaires and were included in the final analysis. The crude and adjusted odds ratio (ORs) and 95% CI were used to analyze the association between sports participation and self-rated overall health. Results indicated that children and adolescents participated in sports were more likely to report better overall health (OR = 1.92, 95%CI: 1.83, 2.02) compared to those not participating in sports. This study found that sport participation was positively associated with self-rated overall health in children and adolescents. This study offers evidence concerning adolescents' health literacy promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagang Song
- Department of Physical Education Teaching, Shanghai Sanda University, 201209, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongyan Shi
- School of Physical Education and Humanity, Nanjing Sport Institute, 210014, Nan Jing, China.
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17
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Bullock G, Prats-Uribe A, Thigpen C, Martin H, Loper B, Shanley E. Influence of High School Socioeconomic Status on Athlete Injuries during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Ecological Study. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2022; 17:1383-1395. [PMID: 36518837 PMCID: PMC9718687 DOI: 10.26603/001c.39610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It is presently unclear how the cessation of high school sport has affected injury incidence at different socioeconomic levels. The COVID-19 pandemic may have disproportionately affected athletes of lower socioeconomic status, potentially increasing injury risk in this population. Purpose To 1) Describe athlete injury incidence prior to and during the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 school years in high school athletes by socioeconomic status; 2) Investigate the association between socioeconomic status and injury incidence in high school athletes. Study Design Ecological Study. Methods High schools were matched between the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 school years. All athletes from all sports were included. High school socioeconomic status was determined by the school district median household income. Socioeconomic strata were defined as <$30,000, $30,000-50,000, $50,001-100,000, and >$100,000. Injury incidence proportion with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was calculated for each academic year. Mixed effects negative binomial models with robust errors were performed to assess the association between the incidence proportion ratio and high school median household income. Six states and 176 high schools were included (2019-2020: 98,487 athletes; 2020-2021: 72,521 athletes). Results Injury incidence increased in three of four socioeconomic strata during the 2020-2021 year (<$30,000: 2019-2020: 15.6 (13.1-18.1), 2020-2021: 26.3 (23.1-29.6); $30,000-50,000: 2019-2020: 7.8 (7.1-8.6), 2020-2021: 14.9 (13.8-15.9); $50,001-100,000: 2019-2020: 15.1 (14.7-15.4), 2020-2021: 21.3 (20.9-21.8); >$100,000: 2019-2020: 18.4 (18.1-18.8), 2020-2021: 17.3 (16.8-17.7)). An association was observed between injury incidence ratio and log median high school household income in 2019-2020 [1.6 (1.1-2.5)] but not 2020-2021 [1.1 (0.8-1.6)] school years. Conclusions Athletes from lower socioeconomic high schools reported increased injury incidence compared to higher socioeconomic high schools during the 2020-2021 academic school year. These results highlight the increased COVID-19 pandemic vulnerability in athletes from lower socioeconomic high schools. High school sport stakeholders should consider how abrupt sport stoppage can affect lower socioeconomic athletes. Level of Evidence 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett Bullock
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation, Wake Forest School of Medicine; Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, University of Oxford
| | | | - Charles Thigpen
- ATI Physical Therapy; University of South Carolina Center for Effectiveness Research in Orthopedics
| | | | | | - Ellen Shanley
- ATI Physical Therapy; University of South Carolina Center for Effectiveness Research in Orthopedics
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18
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Yuan YQ, Ding JN, Bi N, Wang MJ, Zhou SC, Wang XL, Zhang SH, Liu Y, Roswal G. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour among children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities during the COVID-19 lockdown in China. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2022; 66:913-923. [PMID: 34730262 PMCID: PMC8657159 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, preliminary research has reported a significant decline in physical activity (PA) and an increase in sedentary behaviour (SB) among typically developed children and adolescents. Limited research has looked at the current situation of PA and SB during this pandemic among children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID). This study investigated the situations about PA and SB among school-aged children and adolescents with ID on China's mainland during the COVID-19 outbreak. METHODS In total, 837 parents of children and adolescents (ages 6-18 years) with ID from 15 special education schools of Shandong Province in China were recruited through convenience sampling in the study. Parents reported PA and SB among children and adolescents with ID through the Children's Leisure Activities Study Survey-Chinese version (CLASS-C) online questionnaires. RESULTS From parents' reports, Chinese children and adolescents with ID during the COVID-19 pandemic participated in approximately 10 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and engaged in approximately 530 min of SB every day. Meanwhile, only 17.4% of children and adolescents with ID were able to achieve the recommendation of 60 min of daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and 76.1% of children and adolescents with ID spent more than 2 h on SB per day. Additionally, the problems of decrease PA and excessive SB were more prominent in older adolescents with ID compared with younger children with ID. CONCLUSION In China, the low level of PA and high level of SB is particularly evident in children and adolescents with ID during the outbreak of COVID-19. The great majority of children and adolescents with ID did not meet the recommended amount of PA while undergoing excessive SB under the long-term home quarantine environment. Therefore, immediate attention and great effort should be made to deal with this severe situation among this vulnerable population in the mainland of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Q. Yuan
- College of Sports and HealthShandong Sport UniversityJinanChina
| | - J. N. Ding
- Department of Physical EducationFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - N. Bi
- School of Sports and Physical EducationShandong Sport UniversityRizhaoChina
| | - M. J. Wang
- School of Chinese WuShuShandong Sport UniversityRizhaoChina
| | - S. C. Zhou
- School of Physical EducationShanxi UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - X. L. Wang
- Graduate SchoolHarbin Sport UniversityHarbinChina
| | - S. H. Zhang
- Department of Physical EducationChina Disabled Persons' FederationBeijingChina
| | - Y. Liu
- Department of Physical EducationShandong Jianzhu UniversityJinanChina
- Department of Physical EducationShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - G. Roswal
- School of Health Professions and WellnessJacksonville State UniversityJacksonvilleALUSA
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19
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Silva GC, Tebar WR, Lemes IR, Sasaki JE, Mota J, Ritti-Dias RM, Vanderlei LCM, Christofaro DGD. Can Sports Practice in Childhood and Adolescence Be Associated with Higher Intensities of Physical Activity in Adult Life? A Retrospective Study in Community-Dwelling Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14753. [PMID: 36429475 PMCID: PMC9690821 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Investigating the determinants of physical activity (PA) is an important strategy for the promotion of healthy lifestyles, mainly with PA of a moderate-to-vigorous intensity, which provides several health benefits in adulthood. In this sense, it is not clear whether early sports practice (ESP) during childhood and adolescence could be associated with the habitual practice of PA of higher intensities in adulthood. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the association of ESP in childhood and adolescence with different intensities of habitual PA in adulthood. METHODS A sample of 264 community-dwelling adults were randomly selected (42.2 ± 17.0 years, 57.5% of women). ESP during childhood and adolescence was evaluated using retrospective questions. Weekly minutes of PA were assessed using accelerometry and classified according to intensity as light, moderate, moderate-to-vigorous, vigorous and very vigorous. The association of ESP with a high level of PA (above median) in each intensity was analyzed using binary regression models. RESULTS The prevalence of ESP was 42.8% in childhood and 49.2% in adolescence. ESP in childhood was associated with a high level of very vigorous (OR: 2.48, p < 0.001) and vigorous PA (OR: 2.91, p < 0.001) in adulthood, but lost significance after adjustments by sex and age. ESP in adolescence was associated with a high level of very vigorous PA (OR: 1.99, p = 0.013) in the crude model and vigorous PA (OR: 2.21, p = 0.006), even after adjustments by age, sex and socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS Engagement in sports practice during adolescence was associated with high levels of vigorous PA in adulthood and is an important period for healthy lifestyle promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela C. Silva
- Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, Brazil
| | - William R. Tebar
- Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, Brazil
| | - Italo R. Lemes
- Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Jeffer E. Sasaki
- Post-Graduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba 38025-180, Brazil
| | - Jorge Mota
- Research Center on Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, Universidade do Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Raphael M. Ritti-Dias
- Post-Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (Uninove), São Paulo 01525-000, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos M. Vanderlei
- Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, Brazil
| | - Diego G. D. Christofaro
- Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, Brazil
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Wilson OW, Ikeda E, Hinckson E, Mandic S, Richards J, Duncan S, Kira G, Maddison R, Meredith-Jones K, Chisholm L, Williams L, Smith M. Results from Aotearoa New Zealand's 2022 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth: A call to address inequities in health-promoting activities. J Exerc Sci Fit 2022; 21:58-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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21
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Deng Y, Fan A. Trends in sports participation in adolescents: Data from a large-scale sample in the US adolescents. Front Public Health 2022; 10:960098. [PMID: 36388371 PMCID: PMC9662613 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.960098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although changes in overall physical activity (PA) have been identified in adolescents, the trend in sports participation is still understudied. It is widely believed that monitoring the changes in sports participation is conducive to promote the development of sports activities. The purpose of this research was to identify the changes in sports participation in adolescents over the past years. Methods This research selected secondary data from 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017, and 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance (YRBS). Logistic regression models were applied to discuss and analyze the secular changes across the years of data. The change differences in sports participation by sex, grade, and race/ethnicity were also explored via separate logistic regression. Results A declined overall trend could be observed in sports participation in adolescents, the prevalence of sport participation was 58.4% in 2011 and 57.4% in 2019. The declining trend was also observed in grades 10 (62.3% in 2011 and 57.9% in 2019) and 12 (52.5% in 2011 and 49.8% in 2019) adolescents, and an increase could be observed in grade 11 (56.2% in 2011 and 59.1% in 2019) adolescents, but few changes were found in grade 9 (61.4% in 2011 and 61.9% in 2019) adolescents. Only white adolescents reported an increasing prevalence of sports participation, slight declines in sports participation were observed in black or African American, Hispanic/Latino, and other adolescents. Conclusions The declining trend in sports participation could be seen in adolescents between 2011 and 2019, but it should also note that large variations of trends in sport participation by subgroups were also found.
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Prochnow TM, Patterson MS, Meyer AR, Umstattd Meyer MR. Sport Participation Associations With Child Friend Selection and Physical Activity While at Summer Care Programs. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2022; 93:479-487. [PMID: 34252350 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2020.1864261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Child physical activity (PA) declines during summer reducing PA-related health benefits. Summer care programs (e.g., Boys & Girls Clubs) can promote active play while providing opportunities for friendships. Sport participation is a positive influence on PA and social development. Purpose: This article investigates the role of sport participation in PA attainment, perceived skill competency, and social connection at a summer care program. Methods: Children self-reported PA, sport participation, and the names of up to five peers whom they played with most at the program at the start (T1; n = 100; M age = 9.94 years; SD = 1.34; 47% male) and end (T2; n = 77; M age = 9.83 years; SD = 1.46; 51% male) of summer. Network autocorrelation models were used to determine if child sport participation was significantly associated with those they played with at the program. Results:Children who reported sport participation reported significantly more PA than those who did not at T1, but not T2. Child sport participation was significantly related to that of the peers they said they spent time with while at the program for T1 (β = 0.07, p < .01), but not T2 (β = 0.06, p = .10). Additionally, PA (β = 0.08, p < .01; β = 0.07, p = .01) and skill competency (β = 0.11, p = .02; β = 0.15, p < .01) were significantly associated with sport participation at both time points. While sports participation was a key factor in child friendships at the start of summer, the program allowed children, regardless of sport participation, to become friends outside of sports. Conclusions: These results suggest summer care programs promote PA through play and provide opportunities for children to facilitate friendships regardless of sport participation.
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Cheng CHE, Thomas Tobin CS, Weiss JW. Psychological distress, social context, and gender patterns in obesity among a multiethnic sample of U.S. college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:1615-1623. [PMID: 33048648 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1817032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The growing prevalence of obesity among college students is a major public health issue, as over one-third are overweight or obese. This study used gender-stratified multivariate analyses to examine psychological distress and social contextual factors as key determinants of obesity. Participants: Students of a large public university in Southern California (N = 2392). Methods: In-class survey administered across various departments and general education courses. Results: Among females, distress (OR = 1.02) and sophomores (OR = 1.87) were associated with increased odds of obesity; Greek life (OR = 0.53) was associated with decreased odds of obesity. Among males, distress was not associated with obesity (OR = 1.00); financial strain (OR = 1.16) was associated with increased odds of obesity. Conclusions: There are gendered patterns in obesity risk with social context having potentially protective effects among women. Enhancing psychological wellbeing as well as creating gender- and context-specific interventions may be an effective strategy to address the rising rates of obesity among the college population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsin Emily Cheng
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, California, USA
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Jie W Weiss
- Department of Public Health, California State University, Fullerton, California, USA
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Toivo K, Vähä-Ypyä H, Kannus P, Tokola K, Alanko L, Heinonen OJ, Korpelainen R, Parkkari J, Savonen K, Selänne H, Kokko S, Kujala UM, Villberg J, Vasankari T. Physical activity measured by accelerometry among adolescents participating in sports clubs and non-participating peers. Eur J Sport Sci 2022:1-9. [PMID: 35861140 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2022.2103740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe purpose of this descriptive cross-sectional study is to describe the amount and intensity of physical activity (PA) measured by accelerometry among adolescents participating in organized sports (SCP) and age-matched non-participating peers (NP). SCPs (332) and NPs (139) wore an accelerometer on the hip for 7 days. PA was reported using the 1 min exponential moving average. The current moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommendation of at least an average of 60 minutes of MVPA daily was reached by 85% of SCPs and 45% of NPs (p < 0.001). During training days, the MVPA times among SCPs ranged from 153 ± 39 min in males and 109 ± 35 min in females participating in basketball to 113 ± 33 min in males participating in floorball and 83 ± 32 min in females participating in gymnastics. -Sports participation contributes rather strongly to the accumulation of the recommended amount of MVPA. During training days SCPs, except for females participating in gymnastics, accumulated more MVPA than NPs. During non-training days only males participating in cross country skiing and females participating in track and field accumulated more MVPA than NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Toivo
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland.,UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - H Vähä-Ypyä
- UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - P Kannus
- UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - K Tokola
- UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - L Alanko
- Clinic for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Helsinki, Finland.,Central Finland Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - O J Heinonen
- Paavo Nurmi Centre & Unit of Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - R Korpelainen
- Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu, Finland.,University of Oulu, Center for Life Course Health Research, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - J Parkkari
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland.,UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland.,Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - K Savonen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - H Selänne
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä
| | - S Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - U M Kujala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - J Villberg
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - T Vasankari
- UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Finland
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25
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Järvamägi M, Riso EM, Reisberg K, Jürimäe J. Development of Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Children in the Transition From Kindergarten to Basic School According to Participation in Organized Sports. Front Physiol 2022; 13:881364. [PMID: 35832477 PMCID: PMC9271798 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.881364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study examined the development of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in children in the transition from kindergarten to basic school according to participation in organized sports and estimated the associations of CRF and body composition indices during the transition from childhood to preadolescence. Methods: Children participated in the three-staged study (kindergarten, 6.6 years, n = 212; 1st grade, 7.6 years, n = 136; and 5th grade, 11.5 years, n = 142) for 5 years and were categorized into three groups according to their participation in organized sports in the study period (whole period, episodically, and never). Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by performing a 20-m shuttle run test, while body composition was measured by skinfold thicknesses, and physical activity was registered with an accelerometer. International gender- and age-specific CRF reference normativities were also used to characterize the participants. Results: Children who participated consistently in organized sports had significantly higher CRF levels and lower body fatness (31.3 ± 13.5 laps in 20 m shuttle run; 21.1% ± 6.3% body fat) in 11.5 years than in children who had never participated in sports clubs (20.7 ± 12.0 laps in 20-m shuttle run; 26.1% ± 6.8% body fat). Body composition and CRF did not associate in consistently trained children. The proportion of 5th grade children demonstrating age-appropriate healthy CRF was almost threefold higher in the group of consistent sports training among both boys and girls than among non-members of sports clubs. Conclusion: Consistent attendance in organized sports in childhood and early preadolescence ensures higher CRF and healthier body composition than in children who had no experience of organized sports.
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26
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Fröberg A, Lindroos AK, Moraeus L, Patterson E, Warensjö Lemming E, Nyberg G. Leisure-time organised physical activity and dietary intake among Swedish adolescents. J Sports Sci 2022; 40:1198-1205. [PMID: 35502560 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2022.2049092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate associations between participation in leisure-time organised physical activity (LTOPA) and dietary intake in a large representative sample of Swedish adolescents participating in the national dietary survey Riksmaten Adolescents 2016-2017. A sample of 2807 participants aged 11-12, 14-15 and 17-18 years were included. Information about LTOPA and dietary intake were collected through questionnaires and two 24-hour recalls on the web (RiksmatenFlex). For dietary intake, overall healthy eating index, intake of fruit, vegetables, candy, sugar-sweetened beverages, and the proportion of added sugar to total energy intake were analysed. Significance-testing for associations was performed with analysis of covariance. LTOPA was associated with lower sugar-sweetened beverages intake among adolescent boys (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.012) and girls (p = 0.007, ηp2 = 0.005), higher fruit intake among boys (p = 0.043, ηp2 = 0.003), and lower vegetable intake among girls (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.009). However, LTOPA was unrelated to the overall healthy eating index, candy intake, and the proportion of added sugar to total energy intake (p > 0.05). LTOPA was only associated with some healthy eating behaviours, and there is much room for improvement in the diets of Swedish adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Fröberg
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna-Karin Lindroos
- Department of Risk Benefit Assessment, Swedish Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lotta Moraeus
- Department of Risk Benefit Assessment, Swedish Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emma Patterson
- Department of Risk Benefit Assessment, Swedish Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Gisela Nyberg
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
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27
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Magalhães A, Castiglione D, Ramos E, Pina MF. Urban green spaces in the proximity of residences can reduce the effect of socioeconomic inequalities in sports practice among teenage girls. Porto Biomed J 2022; 7:e144. [PMID: 38304155 PMCID: PMC10830076 DOI: 10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We studied if proximity of urban green spaces to residences reduces the socioeconomic inequalities in sports practice, evaluating 17-year-old girls (n = 722) from EPITeen cohort, Porto, Portugal. Methods The shortest routes from residences to urban green spaces were calculated using the street network from Geographic Information System. Distances were classified as: ≤400, >400 to ≤800, and >800 m. Parental education was used as a proxy of socioeconomic status (SES). We used chi-square test to compare proportions of teenagers practicing sports per SES, stratified by classes of distances to urban green spaces and logistic regression to estimate the association between sports practice and SES through odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals. Results Strong inequalities were found. Girls from low SES have ≥75% less odds of sports practice (reference: high SES), regardless of the distance to urban green spaces. As distances are lowering the socioeconomic inequalities in the sports practice between girls from high and medium SES diminishes, being the OR 0.42 (0.22-0.80) at ≥800 m, 0.51 (0.24-1.09) at ≥400 to ≤800 m, and 0.63 (0.29-1.37) at ≤400 m. Conclusion At closer distances inequalities in the proportion of sports practice between high and medium SES vanishes, but remain to low SES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Magalhães
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Unit of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine
- Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Debora Castiglione
- ENSP/FIOCRUZ-Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elisabete Ramos
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Unit of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine
- EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Fátima Pina
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto
- Instituto de Comunicação e Investigação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-ICICT/FIOCRUZ
- CARTO- FEN/UERJ-Departamento de Engenharia Cartográfica, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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28
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Li S, Zhou C. Design of Motion Detection Device in Sports Based on Deep Learning of Internet of Things. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:2613318. [PMID: 35251145 PMCID: PMC8890825 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2613318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
With the improvement of people's income levels in recent years, people have gradually begun to pay more attention to health, and the number of exercise and fitness people has increased year by year. People are gradually willing to pay for sports and fitness, increase sports consumption, and promote the development of the sports and fitness industry. This article aims to study the deep learning based on the Internet of things to make people aware of the importance of sports. Not loving sports is a major problem that contemporary people need to overcome. This article proposes how to design a motion detection device in sports based on deep learning of the Internet of things. Based on the calculation of the economic volume of the deep learning of the Internet of things and the questionnaire survey method, it can be seen that, in today's globalization, although everyone knows the importance of sports, they are unwilling to practice it and would rather spend more time on the Internet. The experimental results of this article show that more than 50% of college students are very interested in sports and fitness, but the actual use is less than 30%, which is not optimistic. In social surveys, this number will be even lower, with only 14% of people interested in sports. Big data is like a "double-edged sword." It not only displays the user's exercise data in front of everyone through the built-in sensors of the mobile phone, but also manages their physical condition through these. How to use the strengths of sports applications at the same time properly disposing of private information is a part of the next development of sports applications that must be faced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolong Li
- Sports Reform and Development Research Center, Henan University School of Physical Education and Sport, Kaifeng 475001, Henan, China
| | - Changlei Zhou
- College of Sports and Health, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, Shandong, China
- Department of Leisure Services and Sports, Pai Chai University, Daejeon 35345, Republic of Korea
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29
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Nagata JM, Cortez CA, Dooley EE, Iyer P, Ganson KT, Pettee Gabriel K. Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity among adolescents in the USA during the COVID-19 pandemic. Prev Med Rep 2022; 25:101685. [PMID: 35004134 PMCID: PMC8719022 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The study examined adolescents’ physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Median moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was 2 h per week. 8.9% met physical activity guidelines during the pandemic compared to 16.1% before. Poor mental health, worry, and stress were associated with lower physical activity. Higher coping and social support were associated with higher physical activity.
This study aimed to evaluate adolescents’ moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) during the COVID-19 pandemic with regards to sociodemographic characteristics and determine mental health and resiliency factors associated with MVPA among a diverse national sample of adolescents ages 10–14 years. Data were collected during the pandemic in May 2020 from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD, N = 5,153), a national prospective cohort study in the U.S. MVPA was quantified as the product of reported duration and frequency (hours per week), which was further summarized as the proportion meeting age-appropriate 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. A similar estimate was generated using MVPA data collected prior to the pandemic. Mental health and resiliency measures were collected during the pandemic. Regression models examined associations between mental health or resiliency measures and MVPA during the pandemic. Median MVPA was 2 h per week (IQR 0, 6). Overall, the percentage of the cohort meeting MVPA guidelines decreased from 16.1% (pre-pandemic) to 8.9% (during the pandemic). Racial/ethnic minority adolescents and adolescents from lower socioeconomic backgrounds were significantly less likely to meet MVPA guidelines during the pandemic. Poorer mental health, COVID-related worry, and stress were associated with lower MVPA, while more social support and coping behaviors were associated with higher MVPA during the pandemic. In this large, national sample of adolescents, the proportion of those meeting MVPA Guidelines was lower during the COVID-19 pandemic, with significant disparities by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Interventions to promote social support and coping behaviors may improve MVPA levels among adolescents during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Nagata
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, Box 0110, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Catherine A Cortez
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, 650 Charles E Young Dr, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Erin E Dooley
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Puja Iyer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, Box 0110, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kyle T Ganson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor St W, Toronto, ON M5S 1V4, Canada
| | - Kelley Pettee Gabriel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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30
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Ainsworth BE, Sallis JF. The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics: An opportunity to promote physical activity and winter sports in Chinese youth. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 11:3-5. [PMID: 34547481 PMCID: PMC8847916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara E Ainsworth
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - James F Sallis
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
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31
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Tsoukos A, Bogdanis GC. The Effects of a Five-Month Lockdown Due to COVID-19 on Physical Fitness Parameters in Adolescent Students: A Comparison between Cohorts. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010326. [PMID: 35010588 PMCID: PMC8751170 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background: This study examined the effects of a five-month lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic on physical fitness parameters in urban adolescent male and female students. Methods: Two hundred and ninety-three male and female students (age: 15.8 ± 0.3 years) who attended the fourth grade of the same high school during the years 2016–2017 (first control group), 2018–2019 (second control group) and 2020–2021 (lockdown group) took part in the present study. Results: The percentage of overweight and obese students, according to body mass index, increased in males from 16.0% (2016–2017) and 14.6% (2018–2019), to 36.7% in 2020–2021 (p < 0.01), and in females from 8.6% (2016–2017) and 7.0% (2016–2017), to 25.6% in 2020–2021 (p < 0.01). Lower body fitness, as assessed by jumping, sprinting and agility tests, was impaired for both males and females after the lockdown compared with the 2016–2017 and 2018–2019 cohorts (vertical jumps: 10.4–15.1%; p < 0.01; d = 0.58–1.01, 30 m sprint: 3.7–4.9%; p < 0.01; d = 0.62–0.74; 505 agility test: from 6.1% to 9.4%; p < 0.01; d = 0.80–1.04). However, flexibility and performance in upper-body fitness tests (handgrip maximum isometric strength and medicine ball throws with different loads) was significantly reduced only in males after the lockdown (p < 0.05 to 0.01). Conclusions: These results suggest that a five-month lockdown negative influenced the physical fitness of adolescent students. Notably, greater reductions were observed in upper body strength, power and flexibility in males than in females. These results highlight the need to maintain strength, power and body mass during long periods of inactivity in adolescent populations.
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32
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Failure to Launch: Predictors of Unfavourable Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Trajectories from Childhood to Adolescence: The Gateshead Millennium Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413283. [PMID: 34948891 PMCID: PMC8701380 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study based on this cohort, only 15% of the participants belonged to a favourable physical activity/sedentary behaviour trajectory group (characterised by relatively high moderate–vigorous intensity physical activity and relatively low sedentary behaviour across childhood and adolescence). Since this favourable trajectory is protective against obesity, we aimed to identify factors associated with membership of this group. In this longitudinal study, 671 participants were assessed at ages 7, 9, 12 and 15 years. Participants’ demographics, socio-economic status (SES) and physical activity environment such as, sports club participation and commuting school were assessed at ages 7, 9 and 12 and analysed with favourable trajectory membership as an outcome using multinomial logistic regression. Sex (male) and SES (higher) were the non-modifiable factors associated with favourable trajectory group. Of the modifiable factors, commuting to school at age 7, a safe environment to play at age 7 and sports club participation at age 12 were all associated with more than 2.0 times increased probability of being in the most favourable trajectory. Future interventions to promote a favourable trajectory could focus on girls and participants with low SES. Promoting active commuting, safe local spaces to play and sports participation should also help lead to a favourable trajectory for physical activity and sedentary behaviour across childhood and adolescence.
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Ren T, Yan J, Sun Q. Sociodemographic Correlates of Organized Sports Participation in a Sample of Middle School Students in China. Front Public Health 2021; 9:730555. [PMID: 34869148 PMCID: PMC8636987 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.730555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Organized sport participation (OSP) is considered as one method with the potential to increase overall physical activity (PA) levels in young people. It is essential to understand the correlates of OSP to inform future PA interventions. Purpose: This study aimed to explore the sociodemographic correlates of OSP among middle school students from the Nanjing City of China. Methods: A total of 7,097 adolescents (50.1% girls) aged 12–15 years from Nanjing, China, were recruited in this survey. Self-reported data on sex, grade, race, residence areas, proficient sport skills, and parental highest education were obtained. OSP was assessed by the question asked in the questionnaire on whether participants were involved in any “sports club or team” with the binary answer options of “yes” and “no,” for statistical analysis purposes. Generalized linear models were used to determine the correlates of OSP. Results: Only 16.6% reported participating in any organized sport over the past whole year, while boys (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.18–1.53) and 7th graders (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.18–1.65) were more likely to participate in organized sport. Adolescents being Han ethnicity were less likely to either participate in organized sport (OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.40–0.92), or masterless (one or two) proficient sport skills [OR (one) = 0.27, 95%CI: 0.20–0.37; OR (two) = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.36–0.50]. Besides, both residence area and parental highest education were not significantly associated with OSP among the participating adolescents. Conclusion: The current study confirmed that only one-sixth of adolescents participate in the organized sport over the past year. At-risk population subgroups include girls, older adolescents, being Han ethnicity, and those proficient in fewer sport skills. Sex, grades, race, and proficient sport skills were significant correlates of OSP. School, community, and families need to provide more resources and support for disadvantaged populations in OSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ren
- Centre for Science and Experiment, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Yan
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Qiang Sun
- Centre for Science and Experiment, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Sports Training and Rehabilitation of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
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34
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Kjellenberg K, Ekblom Ö, Stålman C, Helgadóttir B, Nyberg G. Associations between Physical Activity Patterns, Screen Time and Cardiovascular Fitness Levels in Swedish Adolescents. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:children8110998. [PMID: 34828712 PMCID: PMC8621410 DOI: 10.3390/children8110998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular fitness (CVF) has been associated with cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents. CVF levels are determined by non-modifiable and modifiable factors; one modifiable factor is physical activity (PA). There is a lack of studies investigating the associations between PA patterns and CVF and how gender, parental education, BMI status and country of birth are associated with CVF. The aim of this study was to explore the cross-sectional associations between PA patterns and CVF in Swedish 13–14-year-old adolescents. CVF was estimated using the Ekblom-Bak submaximal test, data on PA patterns were collected using hip-worn accelerometers and a questionnaire. The mean CVF was 44.8 mL/kg/min in girls (n = 569) and 55.5 mL/kg/min in boys (n = 451) p < 0.01. The results showed a significant association between participation in organised sports (β = 3.32 CI: 2.14, 4.51, β = 4.38, CI: 2.80, 5.96), MVPA (β = 0.07, CI: 0.04, 0.11, β = 0.07, CI: 0.03, 0.11), a high proportion of SED (β = −0.47, CI: −0.70, −0.25, β = −0.41, CI: −0.64, −0.18) and CVF in girls and boys, respectively. More than five hours of screen time on weekdays was associated with lower CVF (β = −2.32 CI: −3.92, −0.71 in girls and boys β = −2.82, CI: −5.14, −0.50). While causal relations remain unknown, these findings could be relevant when designing future interventions with the aim to improve CVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Kjellenberg
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (GIH), 114 86 Stockholm, Sweden; (Ö.E.); (C.S.); (B.H.); (G.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Örjan Ekblom
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (GIH), 114 86 Stockholm, Sweden; (Ö.E.); (C.S.); (B.H.); (G.N.)
| | - Cecilia Stålman
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (GIH), 114 86 Stockholm, Sweden; (Ö.E.); (C.S.); (B.H.); (G.N.)
| | - Björg Helgadóttir
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (GIH), 114 86 Stockholm, Sweden; (Ö.E.); (C.S.); (B.H.); (G.N.)
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gisela Nyberg
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (GIH), 114 86 Stockholm, Sweden; (Ö.E.); (C.S.); (B.H.); (G.N.)
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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35
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Gavin KW, Lane A, Dowd KP. Seasonal changes in the physical activity levels of youth Gaelic football players. J Sports Sci 2021; 39:2023-2029. [PMID: 33944702 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2021.1923204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study quantified changes in physical activity (PA) levels attained by adolescents during Gaelic football (GF) participation across two time points in a season and determined if these changes affected their overall daily PA levels. A total of 130 adolescents (65 females;15.3 ± 1.5 years) wore an activPAL accelerometer to determine total moderate PA (MPA), vigorous PA (VPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) during a seven-day measurement period, including during GF. The PA measurement was completed at "preseason" (T1) and "in-season" (T2) timepoints. Between T1 and T2, females significantly increased time spent in MVPA daily (p < 0.001, d = 0.95), on Gaelic football days (GFDs) (p = 0.036; d = 0.30), on non-Gaelic football days (NGFDs) (p < 0.001; d = 0.43), and during GF (p < 0.001, d = 0.90). Males did not record any significant changes in PA over time (p > 0.05). At T2, there were no significant differences in time spent in MVPA daily, on GFDs and NGFDs, and during GF between the genders (p > 0.05). The results suggest that the change in daily PA levels by females is a consequence of increased MVPA during GF and reduced PA barriers across the season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin W Gavin
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone Ireland
| | - Aoife Lane
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone Ireland
| | - Kieran P Dowd
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone Ireland
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Andermo S, Rydberg H, Norman Å. Variations in perceptions of parenting role related to children's physical activity and sedentary behaviours - a qualitative study in a Northern European context. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1550. [PMID: 34391388 PMCID: PMC8364006 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11537-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the study was to increase understanding of the variation in parental perceptions of their roles and responsibilities in relation to children’s physical activity and sedentary behaviours. Methods This qualitative study was based on data from the Healthy School Start intervention study II, in the form of recorded motivational interviewing (MI) sessions with mothers and fathers participating in the intervention. Forty-one MI sessions where parents discussed physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour were selected for analysis. Data analysis was performed using a phenomenographic approach. Results Three categories describing a structural relationship of parents’ different views on their own role in relation to their child’s habits were identified: 1) The parent decides – Child physical activity according to my beliefs and views as a parent and where I, as a parent, decide, 2) Parent-child interaction – child physical activity is formed in interaction between me as a parent and my child or 3) The child/someone else decides – The child or someone other than me as a parent decides or has the responsibility for my child’s physical activity. All three categories included four subcategories of specific activities: organised activity, activity in everyday life, being active together and screen time, describing practical approaches used in each of the three categories. Conclusions This study found variation in mothers’ and fathers’ perceptions of their roles and responsibilities for their child’s physical activity and sedentary behaviours related to specific types of activities. The results indicate areas where parents need support in how to guide their children and how parental responsibility can have a positive influence on children’s physical activity and sedentary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Andermo
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Helena Rydberg
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åsa Norman
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
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Friends in Sports: Social Networks in Leisure, School and Social Media. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126197. [PMID: 34201132 PMCID: PMC8229858 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Young athletes value their social relations in sports, and these social relations can have consequences when it comes to joining, continuing, and quitting sports. Yet the important question of how social relations in sports develop has not yet been adequately answered. Hence, we investigated how athletes’ social relations in sports depend on social relations outside of sports: in leisure, school, and social media. A total of 387 athletes (aged 16–19) from 30 Norwegian sports groups completed a survey on electronic tablets. We asked how social relations in leisure, school, and social media—through the social mechanisms of contact, homophily, and contagion—influenced social relations in sports. We also controlled for the effect of exercise frequency and duration (years) of contact in sports. Exponential random graph modelling (ERGM) analyses showed that first and foremost, relations from social media and leisure, but also school networks and exercise frequency, influence sports networks. This study shows that social relations in sports are diverse and depend on social relations outside sports. We discuss how this has ‘counterintuitive’ consequences for sports participation, particularly the importance of supporting athletes’ social relations outside of sports for the strengthening of social relations within sports when addressing challenges concerning recruitment, continuation, and dropout from sports.
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Ushio K, Mikami Y, Obayashi H, Fujishita H, Fukuhara K, Sakamitsu T, Hirata K, Ikuta Y, Kimura H, Adachi N. Decreased Muscle-to-Fat Mass Ratio Is Associated with Low Muscular Fitness and High Alanine Aminotransferase in Children and Adolescent Boys in Organized Sports Clubs. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10112272. [PMID: 34073883 PMCID: PMC8197240 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Decreased muscle-to-fat mass ratio (MFR) is associated with pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and may reduce muscular fitness. Regular exercise in sports clubs has not led to reductions in obesity in children and adolescents; they may have decreased MFR. Decreased MFR could cause reduced muscular fitness, which may put them at risk for NAFLD development. We investigated whether MFR is related to muscular fitness and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), to determine whether MFR could be used to screen for NAFLD in children and adolescent boys belonging to sports clubs. Altogether, 113 participants (aged 7–17 years) who underwent body composition, laboratory, and muscular fitness measurements during a medical checkup were divided into tertiles according to their MFR. Lower extremity muscular fitness values were significantly decreased in the lowest MFR tertile (p < 0.001); conversely, serum ALT levels were significantly increased (p < 0.01). Decreased MFR significantly increased the risk of elevated ALT, which requires screening for NAFLD, after adjusting for age, obesity, muscular fitness parameters, and metabolic risk factors (odds ratio = 8.53, 95% confidence interval = 1.60–45.6, p = 0.012). Physical fitness and body composition assessments, focusing on MFR, can be useful in improving performance and screening for NAFLD in children and adolescents exercising in sports clubs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ushio
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (Y.M.); (H.K.)
- Sports Medical Center, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (H.O.); (H.F.); (K.F.); (T.S.); (K.H.); (Y.I.); (N.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-82-257-5566
| | - Yukio Mikami
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (Y.M.); (H.K.)
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Hiromune Obayashi
- Sports Medical Center, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (H.O.); (H.F.); (K.F.); (T.S.); (K.H.); (Y.I.); (N.A.)
| | - Hironori Fujishita
- Sports Medical Center, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (H.O.); (H.F.); (K.F.); (T.S.); (K.H.); (Y.I.); (N.A.)
| | - Kouki Fukuhara
- Sports Medical Center, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (H.O.); (H.F.); (K.F.); (T.S.); (K.H.); (Y.I.); (N.A.)
| | - Tetsuhiko Sakamitsu
- Sports Medical Center, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (H.O.); (H.F.); (K.F.); (T.S.); (K.H.); (Y.I.); (N.A.)
| | - Kazuhiko Hirata
- Sports Medical Center, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (H.O.); (H.F.); (K.F.); (T.S.); (K.H.); (Y.I.); (N.A.)
| | - Yasunari Ikuta
- Sports Medical Center, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (H.O.); (H.F.); (K.F.); (T.S.); (K.H.); (Y.I.); (N.A.)
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kimura
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (Y.M.); (H.K.)
- Sports Medical Center, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (H.O.); (H.F.); (K.F.); (T.S.); (K.H.); (Y.I.); (N.A.)
| | - Nobuo Adachi
- Sports Medical Center, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (H.O.); (H.F.); (K.F.); (T.S.); (K.H.); (Y.I.); (N.A.)
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
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McGuine TA, Biese K, Hetzel SJ, Petrovska L, Kliethermes S, Reardon CL, Bell DR, Brooks MA, Watson AM. Changes in the Health of Adolescent Athletes: A Comparison of Health Measures Collected Before and During the CoVID-19 Pandemic. J Athl Train 2021; 56:836-844. [PMID: 33887766 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-0739.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT In the spring of 2020, schools closed to in-person teaching and sports were cancelled to control the transmission of CoVID-19. The changes that took place to the physical and mental health among young athletes during this time remain unknown, however. OBJECTIVE Identify changes in the health (mental health, physical activity and quality of life) of athletes that occurred during the CoVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Sample recruited via social media. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS 3243 Wisconsin adolescent athletes (age=16.2±1.2 yrs., female=58% female) completed an online survey in May 2020 (DuringCoVID-19). Health measures for this cohort were compared with previously reported data for Wisconsin adolescent athletes (n=5231, age=15.7±1.2, 47% female) collected in 2016-2018 (PreCoVID-19). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Demographic information included: sex, grade and sports played. Health assessments included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Item (PHQ-9) to identify depression symptoms, the Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale (PFABS) for physical activity, and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL) for health related quality of life (HRQoL). Univariable comparisons of these variables between groups were made via t-tests or chi-square tests. Means and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each group were estimated by survey weighted ANOVA models. RESULTS Compared to PreCoVID-19, a larger proportion of the During-CoVID-19 participants reported rates of moderate to severe levels of depression (9.7% vs 32.9%, p<0.001). During-CoVID-19 participants reported 50% lower (worse) PFABS scores (mean:12.2 [95%CI: 11.9, 12.5] vs 24.7 [24.5, 24.9] p<0.001) and lower (worse) PedsQL total scores compared to the PreCoVID-19 participants (78.4 [78.0, 78.8] vs. 90.9 [90.5, 91.3] p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS During the CoVID-19 pandemic, adolescent athletes reported increased symptoms of depression, decreased physical activity and decreased quality of life compared to adolescent athletes in previous years.
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Reisberg K, Riso EM, Jürimäe J. Preschool physical activity and fitness predicts conceptual, verbal and perceptual skills at school. J Sports Sci 2021; 39:1988-1995. [PMID: 33825616 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2021.1912451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated longitudinal relationships between physical activity (PA), fitness and cognitive performance at early years. In total, 147 children at the age of 6.6 and 7.6 years participated in the study. PA and sedentary behaviour (SB) were registered with accelerometer. Skinfold thickness measurements were used to assess body composition. Children's cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), muscular strength and speed-agility fitness was assessed using PREFIT fitness test battery and static balance by EUROFIT test battery. Cognitive skills were measured with modified Boehm-3 test. Linear regression analyses showed that PA at the age of 6.6 years was positively, while SB was negatively associated with the conceptual skills at the age of 7.6 years after adjusting for confounders. Positive associations were observed between CRF, lower-limbs strength relative to fat-free mass, static balance at the age of 6.6 years with perceptual skills at 7.6 years in unadjusted analysis. PA and fitness were not associated with verbal abilities. Physically active lifestyle and CRF, relative explosive strength of the lower limbs, balance at 6.6 years in kindergarten predict conceptual and perceptual skills, but does not predict verbal abilities 1 year later at first grade in school. SB affects negatively conceptual skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirkke Reisberg
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Tartu Healthcare College, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eva-Maria Riso
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Jürimäe
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Saevarsson ES, Rognvaldsdottir V, Stefansdottir R, Johannsson E. Organized Sport Participation, Physical Activity, Sleep and Screen Time in 16-Year-Old Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:3162. [PMID: 33803912 PMCID: PMC8003117 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the association of different frequencies of organized sport participation (OSP) with physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, sleep, and screen time among adolescents. A cross-sectional study involving 315 16-year-old adolescents was conducted. OSP was self-reported, being categorized as 0 times a week, less than three times a week, 4-5 times a week, and 6-7 times a week, on average. Screen time was also self-reported but physical activity and sleep duration were objectively measured. Cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition were measured using a maximal cycle ergometer test and a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan, respectively. An analysis of covariance revealed a significant association between OSP and physical activity (F (3, 286) = 14.53, p < 0.01), cardiorespiratory fitness (F (3, 236) = 17.64, p < 0.01), screen time (F (3, 294) = 8.14, p < 0.01), body fat percentage (F (3, 292) = 11.84, p < 0.01), and fat free mass (F (3, 290) = 5.76, p < 0.01. No significant association was found between OSP and sleep duration. Post hoc analyses showed that OSP at least four times a week was beneficial to favorable physical activity levels, cardiorespiratory fitness, screen time, and body composition and may therefore serve as a valuable tool in battling unhealthy lifestyle behaviors among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvar S. Saevarsson
- Faculty of Health Promotion, Sport Sciences and Leisure Studies, School of Education, University of Iceland, 105 Reykjavík, Iceland; (E.S.S.); (R.S.); (E.J.)
| | - Vaka Rognvaldsdottir
- Faculty of Health Promotion, Sport Sciences and Leisure Studies, School of Education, University of Iceland, 105 Reykjavík, Iceland; (E.S.S.); (R.S.); (E.J.)
| | - Runa Stefansdottir
- Faculty of Health Promotion, Sport Sciences and Leisure Studies, School of Education, University of Iceland, 105 Reykjavík, Iceland; (E.S.S.); (R.S.); (E.J.)
| | - Erlingur Johannsson
- Faculty of Health Promotion, Sport Sciences and Leisure Studies, School of Education, University of Iceland, 105 Reykjavík, Iceland; (E.S.S.); (R.S.); (E.J.)
- Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, 5063 Bergen, Norway
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Azlan 'AB, Ismail N, Fauzi NFM, Talib RA. Playing traditional games vs. free-play during physical education lesson to improve physical activity: a comparison study. PEDAGOGY OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS 2021; 25:178-187. [DOI: 10.15561/26649837.2021.0306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Background and Study Aim. Non-sport activities like traditional games can be a practical way to promote physical activity (PA) during physical education (PE) lessons, especially among those who are less inclined towards sports. The purpose of this study is to compare the PA variables and acceptance between playing traditional games and free-play during physical education lessons among secondary school students.
Material and Methods. Fifty-six (n = 56) subjects participated in this study wore accelerometers for a total of 40 minutes during each PE lesson to record PA. In the first week, a 40-min free-play PE lesson was done while in the second week, a 40-min PE lesson incorporated with traditional games (TG-PE lesson) was done. After following both lessons, subjects filled up a questionnaire on acceptance of TG-PE and free-play PE lessons.
Results. The mean total activity count (p < 0.05) and time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (p < 0.05) were 20% and 19% greater respectively during TG-PE lesson compared to free-play PE lesson. The mean acceptance scores showed students preferred playing TG (19.29 ± 4.21; p < 0.00) over free-play PE lesson (17.59 ± 3.13).
Conclusions. In conclusion, incorporating fun and meaningful activities such as TG during PE lessons can serve as an alternative strategy to promote PA during school hours. Further studies are warranted to determine other types of TG that may promote PA among secondary school students.
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Differences in Weight Status and Autonomous Motivation towards Sports among Children with Various Profiles of Motor Competence and Organized Sports Participation. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8020156. [PMID: 33670830 PMCID: PMC7922107 DOI: 10.3390/children8020156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed (1) to identify profiles in children based on actual motor competence (AMC), perceived motor competence (PMC), and organized sports participation (OSP), and (2) to examine differences among these profiles in weight status as well as autonomous motivation towards sports. Children’s (N = 206; 112 boys; Mage = 10.83 ± 0.92 years) AMC, PMC, OSP, weight status, and autonomous motivation towards sports were measured using validated assessment tools. Cluster analyses identified three profiles with completely convergent levels of AMC, PMC, and OSP and three profiles with partially convergent levels. Children in the convergent profiles with average to high levels of AMC, PMC, and OSP had the most optimal profile, as they combined a healthier weight status with elevated levels of autonomous motivation, while the opposite was true for children with low levels on all three cluster-variables. Partially convergent profiles showed that AMC and PMC appear crucial for weight status, as profiles with relatively low levels of AMC and PMC had the highest weight status, independent of their OSP levels. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of promoting AMC, PMC, and OSP simultaneously to help children in achieving a healthy weight status and being autonomously motivated towards OSP.
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Groffik D, Frömel K, Ziemba M, Mitáš J. The Association between Participation in Organized Physical Activity and the Structure of Weekly Physical Activity in Polish Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041408. [PMID: 33546302 PMCID: PMC7913523 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The main aim of the study was to determine the associations of participation in organized physical activity (OPA), and the structure of weekly physical activity (PA) with meeting the PA recommendations among Polish boys and girls. The research was conducted between 2012 and 2019 in the Silesian region of Poland among 3499 secondary school students. To determine the structure of PA (school, transportation, home, recreation, vigorous moderate, and walking), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form (IPAQ-LF) questionnaire was used. Adolescents participating in OPA showed significantly more PA (p < 0.001) than non-participating adolescents. The strongest associations were observed between participation in OPA and vigorous PA. The weekly recommendation of vigorous PA was met by 61% of the students with three or more lessons of OPA per week, 29% of students with one or two lessons of OPA per week, and 24% of students not participating in OPA. Therefore, boys and girls with no OPA are at greatest risk of health issues. Schools, sports clubs, and leisure institutions should increase the participation of adolescents in OPA, especially non-participants. Comprehensive school PA programs should especially include those forms of OPA that respect health weaknesses, individual talents for specific types of PA, and preferred types of PA among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Groffik
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Mikolowska 72A, 40-065 Katowice, Poland; (D.G.); (K.F.); (M.Z.)
| | - Karel Frömel
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Mikolowska 72A, 40-065 Katowice, Poland; (D.G.); (K.F.); (M.Z.)
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Tr. Miru 117, 77111 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Mateusz Ziemba
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Mikolowska 72A, 40-065 Katowice, Poland; (D.G.); (K.F.); (M.Z.)
| | - Josef Mitáš
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Tr. Miru 117, 77111 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-58-563-6745
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Galindo-Perdomo F, Peiró-Velert C, Valencia-Peris A. Do Adolescents Who Meet Physical Activity Recommendations on Weekdays Also Meet Them on Weekends? A Cross-Sectional Study in Colombia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:897. [PMID: 33494203 PMCID: PMC7908133 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18030897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine whether Colombian adolescents fulfill physical activity (PA) recommendations by type of day depending on several variables. A cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 2624 adolescents from Neiva (Colombia) using the Seven Day PA Recall and the Family Affluence Scale II self-reported questionnaires. Statistical analyses were performed to find any differences by gender, socioeconomic status, PA recommendations accomplishment, participation in organized and non-organized PA, parents' involvement in sport, and adolescents' academic achievement, and to determine the probability of complying with the PA guidelines. Only 12.3% of the participants met the PA recommendations on weekdays and weekends. Girls maintained their (in)active patterns during the week more than boys (84.4% vs. 70.7%, respectively), while more boys than girls changed them according to the type of day (25.3% vs. 19.6%). Participation in organized sports was the predictor variable with the highest probability of both boys and girls complying with the PA recommendations on weekdays. Non-organized activities were more likely to make girls more active on weekends. In conclusion, a wider offer of organized and non-competitive PA over the weekend and broader sports schedules should be provided to youth in Neiva.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carmen Peiró-Velert
- Department of Teaching of Musical, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Alexandra Valencia-Peris
- Department of Teaching of Musical, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
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Pombo A, Luz C, Rodrigues LP, Cordovil R. Effects of COVID-19 Confinement on the Household Routines Of Children in Portugal. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2021; 30:1664-1674. [PMID: 33935478 PMCID: PMC8067787 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-021-01961-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 disease (COVID-19) was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11 March, 2020. Since then, physical distancing measures such as confinement have been adopted by different governments to control human to human transmission. This study aimed to determine how confinement affects children's routines, more specifically their physical activity (PA) and sedentary time. An online survey was launched to assess how Portuguese children under 13 years of age adjusted their daily routines to confinement. Parents reported the time each child was engaged in different activities throughout the day, which was used to calculate overall sedentary time and overall physical activity time. Based on the data of 2159 children, our study showed that during confinement: (i) there was a decrease in children's physical activity time and an increase in screen time and family activities; (ii) boys engaged in more playful screen Time than girls (p < 0.05), and girls played more without PA than boys (p < 0.05); (iii) along the age groups, there was a trend for an increase of the overall sedentary time and an associated decrease of the overall physical activity time. In summary, PA of confined children showed low levels and a clear decreasing trend along childhood. Conjoint family and societal strategies to target specific age groups should be organized in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Pombo
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada, 1499-002 Portugal
- Escola Superior de Educação, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1549-003 Portugal
| | - Carlos Luz
- Escola Superior de Educação, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1549-003 Portugal
| | - Luis Paulo Rodrigues
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer de Melgaço, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Melgaço, 4960-320 Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Rita Cordovil
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada, 1499-002 Portugal
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada, 1499-002 Portugal
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McGuine TA, Biese KM, Petrovska L, Hetzel SJ, Reardon C, Kliethermes S, Bell DR, Brooks A, Watson AM. Mental Health, Physical Activity, and Quality of Life of US Adolescent Athletes During COVID-19-Related School Closures and Sport Cancellations: A Study of 13 000 Athletes. J Athl Train 2021; 56:11-19. [PMID: 33290516 PMCID: PMC7863599 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-0478.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT In the spring of 2020, US schools closed to in-person teaching and sports were cancelled to control the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is critical to understand the mental and physical health of adolescent athletes during this time. OBJECTIVE To describe the health of athletes during COVID-19-related school closures and sport cancellations. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING A national sample recruited via social media. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS A total of 13 002 US adolescent athletes (age = 16.3 ± 1.2 years, females = 52.9%, males = 47.0%) completed an anonymous online survey. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Demographic information collected was sex, grade, sport(s) played, and zip code. Assessments used were the General Anxiety Disorder 7-Item for anxiety, Patient Health Questionnaire 9-Item for depression, the Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale for physical activity, and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 for quality of life. Mental health, physical activity, and health-related quality-of-life variables were compared among sex, grade, sport(s) played, and poverty level using means and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from the survey-weighted analysis of variance. RESULTS Females reported a higher prevalence of moderate to severe anxiety symptoms (females = 43.7% versus males = 28.2%). The Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale score was highest (best) for grade 9 (mean = 14.5, 95% CI = 14.0, 15.0) and lowest for grade 11 (mean = 10.9, 95% CI = 10.5, 11.3). The prevalence of depression symptoms was highest in team sport (74.1%) and lowest in individual sport (64.9%) participants. The total Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory score was lowest (worst) for athletes from counties with the highest poverty levels (high: mean = 74.5, 95% CI = 73.7, 75.3; middle: mean = 78.9, 95% CI = 78.0, 79.8; and low: mean = 78.3, 95% CI = 77.4, 79.1). CONCLUSIONS The health of US adolescents during the COVID-19-related school closures and sport cancellations varied to differing degrees depending on sex, grade level, type of sport participation, and level of poverty. Health policy experts should consider these findings in the future when creating and implementing policies to improve the health of adolescents in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A. McGuine
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin–Madison
| | - Kevin M. Biese
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin–Madison
| | - Labina Petrovska
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin–Madison
| | - Scott J. Hetzel
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin–Madison
| | - Claudia Reardon
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin–Madison
| | | | - David R. Bell
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin–Madison
| | - Alison Brooks
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin–Madison
| | - Andrew M. Watson
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin–Madison
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Júdice PB, Magalhães JP, Rosa GB, Henriques-Neto D, Hetherington-Rauth M, Sardinha LB. Sensor-based physical activity, sedentary time, and reported cell phone screen time: A hierarchy of correlates in youth. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2021; 10:55-64. [PMID: 32315605 PMCID: PMC7856564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on correlates relies on subjective metrics and fails to include correlates across all levels of the ecologic model. We determined which correlates best predict sensor-based physical activity (PA), sedentary time (ST), and self-reported cell phone screen time (CST) in a large sample of youth, while considering a multiplicity of correlates. METHODS Using sensor-based accelerometry, we assessed the PA and ST of 2179 youths. A χ2 automatic interaction detection algorithm was used to hierarchize the correlates associated with too much ST (> 50th percentile), insufficient moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) (<60 min/day), and prolonged CST (≥2 h/day). RESULTS Among youth 10-14 years old, the correlates for being inactive consisted of being a girl, not having sport facilities in the neighborhood, and not perceiving the neighborhood as a safe place, whereas in the youth 15-18 years old, the correlate for being inactive was not performing sports (9.7% chance of being active). The correlates for predicting high ST in the younger group was not performing sports (55.8% chance for high ST), and in the older group, the correlates were not owning a pet, perceiving the neighborhood as safe, and having inactive parents (63.7% chance for high ST). In the younger group, the greatest chances of having high CST were among those who were in the last elementary school years, who were girls, and who did not have friends in the neighborhood (73.1% chance for high CST), whereas in the older group, the greatest chance for having high CST was among those who were girls and had a TV in the bedroom (74.3% chance for high CST). CONCLUSION To counteract ST and boost MVPA among youths, a specific focus on girls, the promotion of sport participation and facilities, neighborhood safety, and involvement of family must be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro B Júdice
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon 1499-002, Portugal; Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Lusofona University, Lisbon 1749-024, Portugal.
| | - João P Magalhães
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon 1499-002, Portugal
| | - Gil B Rosa
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon 1499-002, Portugal
| | - Duarte Henriques-Neto
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon 1499-002, Portugal
| | - Megan Hetherington-Rauth
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon 1499-002, Portugal
| | - Luís B Sardinha
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon 1499-002, Portugal
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Howells K, Sivaratnam C, Lindor E, Hyde C, McGillivray J, Whitehouse A, Rinehart N. Can Participation in a Community Organized Football Program Improve Social, Behavioural Functioning and Communication in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder? A Pilot Study. J Autism Dev Disord 2020; 50:3714-3727. [PMID: 32107700 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-020-04423-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This pilot research investigated the effects of a community-based organized football program on behavioral, social and communicative outcomes in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. In a non-randomized design, 19 children completed the football program and were compared pre- and post-intervention with 21 children who received no comparable intervention (ages 5-12 years). Caregiver-report using the child behavior checklist indicated a significant decrease in total, internalizing, DSM-oriented anxiety and social problems for children who participated in the program, with no change in the comparison group. There were no group differences in socialization and communication scores on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior scale. Results provide preliminary evidence in support of the program, justifying the need for further, more rigorous trials in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Howells
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
| | - Carmel Sivaratnam
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Ebony Lindor
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Christian Hyde
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Jane McGillivray
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Whitehouse
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Nicole Rinehart
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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50
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Alexandru MA, Jürgen B, Arash M, Guillaume M, Lorand B. Influence of Organized vs Non Organized Physical Activity on School Adaptation Behavior. Front Psychol 2020; 11:550952. [PMID: 33329181 PMCID: PMC7711162 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.550952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now well-established that physical activity has positive effects on both physical and mental health. However, the influence of organized physical activity (i.e., programs controlled and supervised by a trainer) on school adaptive behavior of adolescents with disabilities and/or behavioral disorders remains unclear. School behavior adaptation involves the ability to learn, conform to school norms and manage school activities without major behavior conflicts. A cross-sectional study was conducted to test the differences between organized physical activity and non-organized physical activity in an after school program. Eighty Romanian adolescents were recruited and allocated to three groups: (a) with disabilities [Ds; N = 17, Mage = 14.55 years (SD = 1.16), 12 males and 5 females], (b) with conduct disorders [CDs, N = 21, Mage = 14.52 years (SD = 1.11) 16 males and 5 females], and (c) participants who had not shown signs of conduct disorders or disabilities [as a control group; N = 42, Mage = 14.2 years (SD = 0.46) 20 males and 22 females]. Personality traits, school behavior, and sensorimotor coordination were assessed by using the Eysenck personality questionnaire—junior scale, school in-adaptability questionnaire scale, and Vienna Test System Sport (SMK—sensorimotor coordination test) respectively. Multivariate analysis of variance MANOVA (3 × 3) and discriminant analysis were used to examine differences between the psychological and sensorimotor coordination outcomes across three groups and three types of physical activity context: (a) organized physical activity, (b) non-organized physical activity, and (c) no physical activity. The findings indicate that not participating in an organized physical activity program results in a reduced level of physical mobility and consequently is associated with maladaptive social and psychological outcomes. Thus, we argued that attending in an organized physical activity program is more beneficial for participants with disabilities and/or behavior disorders, due to an increase in the probability of school integration and development of their motor skills. Clearly more research is needed in order to investigate these effects in neurophysiological levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moşoi A Alexandru
- Department of Psychology, Education and Teacher Training, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, Transilvania University of Braşov, Braşov, Romania
| | - Beckmann Jürgen
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Chair of Sport Psychology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences (PESS), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Mirifar Arash
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Chair of Sport Psychology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martinent Guillaume
- Laboratory of Vulnerabilities and Innovation in Sport, University of Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Balint Lorand
- Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Braşov, Braşov, Romania
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