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Chukwuka AV, Adeogun AO. Urbanization effects on growth and otolith asymmetry in Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus and Oreochromis niloticus within tropical coastal lagoon watersheds. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142231. [PMID: 38719117 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the growth dynamics and otolith shape asymmetry of two fish species, Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus (CN) and Oreochromis niloticus (ON), within urbanized watersheds of the southern lagoon system, Nigeria. Using the von Bertalanffy growth model (VBGM), in addition to sediment metal concentration indices such as the average shale content, index of geoaccumulation (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI), and potential ecological risk (PER) index, contamination levels were classified, and ecological risks were assessed. Notably, a lower growth potential (t0) was observed in CN at Ikorodu than at Epe, with similar trends for ON in the Epe during the dry season. Otolith asymmetry patterns, particularly in the CN at Ikorodu and ON in the Epe during the dry season, exhibited distinct ecological variations, indicating heightened stress levels at Ikorodu. Sediment analyses revealed moderate to strong contamination (Cd, Pb, Ni, and Cr) in both Lagos Lagoon (Ikorodu) and Epe Lagoon, with Ikorodu exhibiting notably high to moderate contamination levels according to the CF index. Elevated PLI values for Cd and Pb in Ikorodu, in addition to greater PER, indicated increased risk, with Cd posing a high risk (61.42%) and Pb posing a moderate risk (49.50%). Additionally, the reduced asymptotic length in the Epe during the dry season suggests that Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus is adaptable to seasonal variations, while divergent growth patterns in both areas indicate the existence of trade-off mechanisms in response to changing conditions. Habitat-specific otolith asymmetry and metal contamination underscore species adaptability, with wider stressor variability in Lagos than in Epe. Furthermore, multidimensional scaling analysis highlights the intricate relationship between otolith shape variables and environmental factors, emphasizing the need for tailored conservation efforts in urbanized watersheds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azubuike Victor Chukwuka
- Environmental Quality Control Department, National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), Nigeria; Environmental Biology and Ecology Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Aina O Adeogun
- Hydrobiology and Fisheries Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
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Cardenas Perez AS, Challis JK, Alcaraz AJ, Ji X, Ramirez AVV, Hecker M, Brinkmann M. Developing an Approach for Integrating Chemical Analysis and Transcriptional Changes to Assess Contaminants in Water, Sediment, and Fish. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38801401 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals in aquatic environments pose threats to aquatic organisms because of their continuous release and potential accumulation. Monitoring methods for these contaminants are inadequate, with targeted analyses falling short in assessing water quality's impact on biota. The present study advocates for integrated strategies combining suspect and targeted chemical analyses with molecular biomarker approaches to better understand the risks posed by complex chemical mixtures to nontarget organisms. The research aimed to integrate chemical analysis and transcriptome changes in fathead minnows to prioritize contaminants, assess their effects, and apply this strategy in Wascana Creek, Canada. Analysis revealed higher pharmaceutical concentrations downstream of a wastewater-treatment plant, with clozapine being the most abundant in fathead minnows, showing notable bioavailability from water and sediment sources. Considering the importance of bioaccumulation factor and biota-sediment accumulation factor in risk assessment, these coefficients were calculated based on field data collected during spring, summer, and fall seasons in 2021. Bioaccumulation was classified as very bioaccumulative with values >5000 L kg-1, suggesting the ability of pharmaceuticals to accumulate in aquatic organisms. The study highlighted the intricate relationship between nutrient availability, water quality, and key pathways affected by pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and rubber components. Prioritization of these chemicals was done through suspect analysis, supported by identifying perturbed pathways (specifically signaling and cellular processes) using transcriptomic analysis in exposed fish. This strategy not only aids in environmental risk assessment but also serves as a practical model for other watersheds, streamlining risk-assessment processes to identify environmental hazards and work toward reducing risks from contaminants of emerging concern. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;00:1-22. © 2024 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sharelys Cardenas Perez
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Jonathan K Challis
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Alper James Alcaraz
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Xiaowen Ji
- Division of Environmental Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexis Valerio Valery Ramirez
- Grupo de investigación Agrícola y Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Experimental del Táchira, San Cristóbal, Venezuela
| | - Markus Hecker
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Markus Brinkmann
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Centre for Hydrology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Liang J, Ji X, Feng X, Su P, Xu W, Zhang Q, Ren Z, Li Y, Zhu Q, Qu G, Liu R. Phthalate acid esters: A review of aquatic environmental occurrence and their interactions with plants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 470:134187. [PMID: 38574659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The increasing use of phthalate acid esters (PAEs) in various applications has inevitably led to their widespread presence in the aquatic environment. This presents a considerable threat to plants. However, the interactions between PAEs and plants in the aquatic environment have not yet been comprehensively reviewed. In this review, the properties, occurrence, uptake, transformation, and toxic effects of PAEs on plants in the aquatic environment are summarized. PAEs have been prevalently detected in the aquatic environment, including surface water, groundwater, seawater, and sediment, with concentrations ranging from the ng/L or ng/kg to the mg/L or mg/kg range. PAEs in the aquatic environment can be uptake, translocated, and metabolized by plants. Exposure to PAEs induces multiple adverse effects in aquatic plants, including growth perturbation, structural damage, disruption of photosynthesis, oxidative damage, and potential genotoxicity. High-throughput omics techniques further reveal the underlying toxicity molecular mechanisms of how PAEs disrupt plants on the transcription, protein, and metabolism levels. Finally, this review proposes that future studies should evaluate the interactions between plants and PAEs with a focus on long-term exposure to environmental PAE concentrations, the effects of PAE alternatives, and human health risks via the intake of plant-based foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefeng Liang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaomeng Ji
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaoxia Feng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Pinjie Su
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Wenzhuo Xu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Qingzhe Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yiling Li
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Runzeng Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Akangbe OA, Chukwuka AV, Imiuwa ME, Adeogun AO. Gonad pathology, sex hormone modulation and vitellogenin expression in Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus from Lagos and Epe lagoons within the southern-lagoon system, Nigeria. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2024; 6:1336916. [PMID: 38380148 PMCID: PMC10878419 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2024.1336916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Estrogenic chemicals in aquatic environments impact fish reproductive health, with vitellogenin protein levels serving as a crucial biomarker for xenoestrogen exposure. Limited knowledge exists on estrogenic effects in tropical environments, prompting an investigation into the influence of environmental estrogens on Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus in Lagos and Epe lagoons. Methods: A total of 195 fish samples underwent analysis for vitellogenin protein, sex hormones (testosterone and 17 β-estradiol), and gonad pathology in effluent-receiving areas of the specified lagoons. Results: Gonadal alterations were observed in male and female fish, including empty seminiferous tubules and distorted ovaries. Intersex occurred in 3.81% of Lagos and 3.33% of Epe. Testosterone levels were generally higher in females and males from both lagoons, while E2 levels were higher in females from both lagoons, with Lagos showing higher levels than Epe. Vtg levels were higher in males than females in Lagos samples but showed no significant difference in Epe samples. Discussion: Contaminant analysis revealed similar trends in metals (Hg, As, Cr) and phthalates (DEHP, DBP, DEP) in both sexes in the Epe population. Multivariate depictions from the PCA showed sex-specific patterns of metal uptake (Cd) in male fishes at the Lagos Lagoon. The positive association between higher pH loadings and metal and DBP levels in sediment at the Lagos lagoon suggests the influence of higher alkalinity in lower bioavailability of contaminants. Conclusion: Endocrine disrupting effects were observed in male and female Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus in Lagos and Epe lagoons populations, with notable differences in hormone and contaminant concentrations between the two lagoon systems. Identification of specific contaminants and their spatial and temporal trends can inform targeted management and remediation efforts to protect and restore these valuable aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Azubuike V. Chukwuka
- National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), Wupa, Nigeria
| | - Maurice E. Imiuwa
- Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Benin, Benin, Nigeria
| | - Aina O. Adeogun
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
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Ngeno E, Ongulu R, Orata F, Matovu H, Shikuku V, Onchiri R, Mayaka A, Majanga E, Getenga Z, Gichumbi J, Ssebugere P. Endocrine disrupting chemicals in wastewater treatment plants in Kenya, East Africa: Concentrations, removal efficiency, mass loading rates and ecological impacts. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:117076. [PMID: 37683795 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the levels, mass loadings, removal efficiency, and associated ecotoxicological risks of selected endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), namely, dibutylphthalate (DBP), diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP), dimethylphthalate (DMP), linuron (LNR) and progesterone (PGT) in wastewater, sludge, and untreated dry biosolid (UDBS) samples from twelve wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in nine major towns in Kenya. Analysis was done using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). All the wastewater influents had quantifiable levels of EDCs with DBP being the most abundant (37.49%) with a range of 4.33 ± 0.63 to 19.68 ± 1.24 μg L-1. DEHP was the most abundant in sludge and accounted for 48.2% ranging between 278.67 and 9243.49 ng g-1 dry weight (dw). In the UDBS samples, DEHP was also the most abundant (40%) of the total EDCs detected with levels ranging from 78.77 to 3938.54 ng g-1 dw. The average removal efficiency per pollutant was as follows: DMP (98.7%) > DEHP (91.7%) > PGT (83.4%) > DBP (77.9%) > LNR (72.2%) which can be attributed to sorption onto the biosolid, biological degradation, photolysis, and phytoremediation. The pH was negatively correlated to the EDC concentrations while total dissolved solids (TDS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), and electrical conductivity (EC) were positively correlated. The mass loadings were as high as 373.33 g day-1 of DBP in the treatment plants located in densely populated cities. DEHP and PGT had their Risk Quotients (RQs) > 1, posing a high risk to biota. DMP, DBP, and LNR posed medium risks as their RQ values were between 0.1 and 1. EDCs are therefore loaded to environmental compartments through either the effluent that loads these pollutants into the receiving aquatic ecosystem or through the UDBS, which are used as fertilizers in agricultural farmlands causing potential toxicological risks to aquatic and terrestrial life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Ngeno
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya; Department of Physical Sciences, Kaimosi Friends University, P.O Box 385-50309, Kaimosi, Kenya; Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, P.O Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Roselyn Ongulu
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya
| | - Francis Orata
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya
| | - Henry Matovu
- Department of Chemistry, Gulu University, P.O Box 166, Gulu, Uganda
| | - Victor Shikuku
- Department of Physical Sciences, Kaimosi Friends University, P.O Box 385-50309, Kaimosi, Kenya
| | - Richard Onchiri
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Mombasa, P.O Box 000-80100, Mombasa, Kenya
| | - Abel Mayaka
- Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, P.O Box 15653-00503, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Eunice Majanga
- Department of Social Sciences, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya
| | - Zachary Getenga
- Department of Physical Sciences, Machakos University, P.O Box 136-90100, Machakos, Kenya
| | - Joel Gichumbi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Chuka University, P.O Box 109-60400, Chuka, Kenya
| | - Patrick Ssebugere
- Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, P.O Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Cell Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Analytical Environmental Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
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Wang M, Wang H, Hu C, Deng J, Shi B. Phthalate acid esters promoted the enrichment of chlorine dioxide-resistant bacteria and their functions related to human diseases in rural polyvinyl chloride distribution pipes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 896:165282. [PMID: 37406691 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes are widely used as drinking water distribution pipes in rural areas of China. However, whether phthalate acid esters (PAEs) released from PVC pipes will affect tap water quality is still unknown. The influence of released PAEs on the water quality was analysed in this study, especially after ClO2 disinfection. The results indicated that ClO2 disinfection could control the growth of total coliforms and heterotrophic bacteria (HPC). However, when the ClO2 residual decreased to below 0.10 mg/L, HPC and opportunistic pathogens, including Mycobacterium avium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, increased significantly. In addition, after ClO2 disinfection, PAEs concentrations increased from 10.6-22.2 μg/L to 21.2-58.8 μg/L in different sampling cites. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) and statistical analysis of metagenomic profiles (Stamp) showed that ClO2 disinfection induced the enrichment of Pseudomonas, Bradyrhizobium, and Mycobacterium and functions related to human diseases, such as pathogenic Escherichia coli infection, shigellosis, Staphylococcus aureus infection, and Vibrio cholerae infection. The released PAEs not only promoted the growth of these ClO2-resistant bacterial genera but also enhanced their functions related to human diseases. Moreover, these PAEs also induced the enrichment of other bacterial genera, such as Blastomonas, Dechloromonas, and Kocuria, and their functions, such as chronic myeloid leukaemia, African trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, hepatitis C and human T-cell leukaemia virus 1 infection. The released PAEs enhanced the microbial risk of the drinking water. These results are meaningful for guaranteeing water quality in rural areas of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Institute of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China; Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Chisheng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianmian Deng
- Institute of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China.
| | - Baoyou Shi
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Lorre E, Bianchi F, Vybernaite-Lubiene I, Mėžinė J, Zilius M. Phthalate esters delivery to the largest European lagoon: Sources, partitioning and seasonal variations. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 235:116667. [PMID: 37453508 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs) due to their ability to leach from plastics, widely used in our daily life, are intensely accumulating in wastewater water treatment plants (WWTP) and rivers, before being exported to downstream situated estuarine systems. This study aimed to investigate the external sources of eight plasticizers to the largest European lagoon (the Curonian Lagoon, south-east Baltic Sea), focusing on their seasonal variation and transport behaviour through the partitioning between dissolved and particulate phases. The obtained results were later combined with hydrological inputs at the inlet and outlet of the lagoon to estimate system role in regulating the transport of pollutants to the sea. Plasticizers were detected during all sampling events with a total concentration ranging from 0.01 to 6.17 μg L-1. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was the most abundant PAEs and was mainly found attached to particulate matter, highlighting the importance of this matrix in the transport of such contaminant. Dibutyl phthalate (DnBP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) were the other two dominant PAEs found in the area, mainly detected in dissolved phase. Meteorological conditions appeared to be an important factor regulating the distribution of PAEs in environment. During the river ice-covered season, PAEs concentration showed the highest value suggesting the importance of ice in the retention of PAEs. While heavy rainfall impacts the amount of water delivered to WWTP, there is an increase of PAEs concentration supporting the hypothesis of their transport via soil leaching and infiltration into wastewater networks. Rainfall could also be a direct source of PAEs to the lagoon resulting in net surplus export of PAEs to the Baltic Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Lorre
- Marine Research Institute, Klaipeda University, 92295, Klaipeda, Lithuania.
| | - Federica Bianchi
- University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy; University of Parma, Interdepartmental Center for Energy and Environment (CIDEA), Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Jovita Mėžinė
- Marine Research Institute, Klaipeda University, 92295, Klaipeda, Lithuania
| | - Mindaugas Zilius
- Marine Research Institute, Klaipeda University, 92295, Klaipeda, Lithuania; University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
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Shumilina E, Skavang PK, Dikiy A. Application of NMR spectroscopy for the detection and quantification of phthalic acid in fish muscles: The case of Atlantic Cod from Norwegian Sea. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 188:105973. [PMID: 37062112 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.105973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plastic litter might contain phthalates that can be transferred to marine environment or can be introduced into the marine food chain. Phthalic acid is the final product of phthalate decomposition in marine organisms. Here we used NMR spectroscopy to determine and quantify phthalic acid and dimethyl phthalate in fish muscles. Spike-and-recovery experiments were carried out to confirm assignment of phthalates resonance signals in NMR spectra and to evaluate the method specificity, accuracy, and linearity. The LOQ and LOD of the rapid 1H NMR experiment with a standard setting were respectively 23.0 and 8.0 mg of phthalic acid in kg of fish muscles. Phthalic acid was detected in 13 out of 113 Atlantic cod and none in farmed Atlantic salmon from Norwegian sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Shumilina
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saalandsvei, 6-8, 163, 7034, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Pernille Kristiane Skavang
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saalandsvei, 6-8, 163, 7034, Trondheim, Norway; SINTEF Ocean, Brattørkaia 17C, 7010, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alexander Dikiy
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saalandsvei, 6-8, 163, 7034, Trondheim, Norway
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Saha S, Banerjee P, Saha NC, Chukwuka AV. Triazophos-induced Respiratory and Behavioral Effects and Development of Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) for short-term Exposed Freshwater Snail, Bellamya Bengalensis. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 110:94. [PMID: 37171504 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03734-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The physiological effects of triazophos were examined using respiratory and behavioral endpoints in Bellamya bengalensis under a 96-hour acute exposure regime. Physiological manifestation of respiratory stress was measured using the rate of oxygen consumption while behavioral toxicity was measured using crawling reflexes, touch response, and mucus production. The threshold effect values for LOEC (Lowest Observed Effect Concentration), NOEC (No Observed Effect Concentration), and MATC (Maximum Acceptable Toxicant Concentration) at 96 h were 0.40, 0.60, and 0.075 mg/l, respectively. Definitive 96 h acute exposures for both respiratory and behavioral endpoints tests were determined using a control group and concentrations ranging from 0.40 to 1.60 mg/l monitored for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. Test organisms irrespective of exposure concentration demonstrated an initial rise in oxygen consumption rate after 24 h, followed by a progressive decrease in toxicant concentration and exposure period. The in silico structural analysis presents triazophos as having an electrophilic toxic structure similar to choline esterase inhibitors, and also capable of inducing oxidative stress. The AOP highlighted neurotoxicity and oxidative stress as plausible pathways of triazophos toxicity in mollusk species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhajit Saha
- Department of Zoology, Sundarban Hazi Desarat College, South 24 Parganas-743611, Pathankhali, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyajit Banerjee
- Fishery and Ecotoxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Burdwan, Purba Barddhaman, West Bengal, India
| | - Nimai Chandra Saha
- Fishery and Ecotoxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Burdwan, Purba Barddhaman, West Bengal, India
| | - Azubuike V Chukwuka
- National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), Osogbo, Nigeria.
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Ibor OR, Nnadozie P, Ogarekpe DM, Idogho O, Anyanti J, Aizobu D, Onyezobi C, Chukwuka AV, Adeogun AO, Arukwe A. Public health implications of endocrine disrupting chemicals in drinking water and aquatic food resources in Nigeria: A state-of-the-science review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159835. [PMID: 36334666 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This state-of-the-science review is aimed at identifying the sources, occurrence, and concentrations of EDCs, including potential public health risks associated with drinking water and aquatic food resources from Nigerian inland waters. A total of 6024 articles from scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of science, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and African Journals Online) were identified, out of which, 103 eligible articles were selected for this study. Eleven (11) classes of EDCs (OCPs, PCBs, PBDEs, PAHs, BPA, OTs, PEs, PCs, PPCPs, sterols and n-alkanes) were identified from drinking waters, river sediments and aquatic food species from Nigerian rivers, showing that OCPs were the most studied and reported EDCs. Analytical methods used were HPLC, LC-MS/MS, GC-FID, GC-ECD and GC-MS with all EDCs identified to originate from anthropogenic sources. Carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic effects were the highest (54.4 %) toxicological effects identified, while reproductive/endocrine disruptive effects (15.2 %) and obesogenic effects (4.3 %) were the least identified toxicological effects. The targeted hazard quotient (THQ) and cancer risk (CR) were generally highest in children, compared to the adult populations, indicating age-specific toxicity. PEs produced the highest THQ (330.3) and CR (1.2) for all the EDCs in drinking water for the children population, suggesting enhanced vulnerability of this population group, compared to the adult population. Due to associated public health, wildlife and environmental risk of EDCs and their increasing concentrations in drinking water and food fish species from Nigerian inland waters, there is an urgent need for focused and strategic interventions, sensitization and policy formulation/implementation towards public health and aquatic food safety in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oju R Ibor
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
| | | | - Dinah M Ogarekpe
- Center for Disaster Risk Management, Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | - Azubuike V Chukwuka
- National Environmental Standards Regulations and Enforcement Agency (NESREA), Nigeria
| | | | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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11
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High production volume chemicals in seafood: A review of analytical methods, occurrence and population risk. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Zhao Z, Liu C, Xu Q, Ahmad S, Zhang H, Pang Y, Aikemu A, Liu Y, Yan H. Characterization and genomic analysis of an efficient dibutyl phthalate degrading bacterium Microbacterium sp. USTB-Y. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:212. [PMID: 34738191 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03181-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A promising bacterial strain for biodegrading dibutyl phthalate (DBP) was successfully isolated from activated sludge and characterized as a potential novel Microbacterium sp. USTB-Y based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis and whole genome average nucleotide identity (ANI). Initial DBP of 50 mg/L could be completely biodegraded by USTB-Y both in mineral salt medium and in DBP artificially contaminated soil within 12 h at the optimal culture conditions of pH 7.5 and 30 ℃, which indicates that USTB-Y has a strong ability in DBP biodegradation. Phthalic acid (PA) was identified as the end-product of DBP biodegraded by USTB-Y using GC/MS. The draft genome of USTB-Y was sequenced by Illumina NovaSeq and 29 and 188 genes encoding for putative esterase/carboxylesterase and hydrolase/alpha/beta hydrolase were annotated based on NR (non redundant protein sequence database) analysis, respectively. Gene3781 and gene3780 from strain USTB-Y showed 100% identity with dpeH and mpeH from Microbacterium sp. PAE-1. But no phthalate catabolic gene (pht) cluster was found in the genome of strain USTB-Y. The results in the present study are valuable for obtaining a more holistic understanding on diverse genetic mechanisms of PAEs biodegrading Microbacterium sp. strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shahbaz Ahmad
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yu Pang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Abudumukeyiti Aikemu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hai Yan
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
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13
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Ranjbar Jafarabadi A, Dashtbozorg M, Raudonytė-Svirbutavičienė E, Riyahi Bakhtiari A. A potential threat to the coral reef environments: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and phthalate esters in the corals and their ambient environment (Persian Gulf, Iran). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 775:145822. [PMID: 33631596 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of the surrounding habitat poses one of the biggest threats to the coral health and even survival. This study focuses on the occurrence, distribution, bioaccumulation and bioconcentration of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and phthalate esters (PAEs) in corals, their zooxanthellae and mucus, as well as in their ambient environment in Larak coral reef (Persian Gulf) for the first time. The highest concentrations of the pollutants were recorded in mucus, followed by zooxanthellae, tissue and skeleton. Soft corals with higher lipid content contained more PBDEs and PAEs. Pollutants were both efficiently bioconcentrated from water and bioaccumulated from the ambient sediment, albeit bioconcentration played the most prominent role. Elevated PBDEs and especially PAEs concentrations were detected in the skeletons of the bleached corals if compared to the skeleton samples of the non-bleached individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ranjbar Jafarabadi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Dashtbozorg
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Riyahi Bakhtiari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran.
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14
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Hu H, Li T, Bao J, Zhang X, Sun X, Xu K, Liu Q, Guo Y. Determination of Phthalates in Marine Sediments Using Ultrasonic Extraction Followed by Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 60:207-216. [PMID: 34159372 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A simple, rapid and novel method has been developed and validated for determination of 16 phthalates in marine sediment samples by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Freeze dried samples were first ultrasonic extraction by n-hexane:methylene chloride (1:1, v/v) and n-hexane:ethyl acetate (1:1, v/v) and followed by dispersive solid-phase extraction cleanup. The linearity of this method ranged from 1 to 1,000 μg/L, with regression coefficients ranging between 0.9993 and 0.9999. The limits of detection were in ng/g level, ranging between 0.1 and 0.25 ng/g (dry weight). The concentration of the total phthalates in marine sediment samples from Waters of Dongji (Zhoushan, China), Yueqing Bay (Wenzhou, China) and Coastal Waters of Yuhuan (Taizhou, China) ranged from 235.4 to 608.7 μg/kg with diisobutyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate being the major species, which constitutes of 94.6 and 98.1% of the total phthalates. The recoveries of spiked 16 phthalates at different concentration levels in sediment sample 3 of Waters of Dongji (Zhoushan, China) and sediment sample 3 of Yueqing bay (Wenzhou, China) were in the range of 78-117% and 83-114%, respectively, with relative standard deviations of 2.4-6.8% and 3.4-7.5% (n = 5), respectively. The performance of the proposed method was also compared with traditional Soxhlet extraction and column chromatography cleanup on the same genuine sediment samples and comparable efficiencies were obtained. It is concluded that this method can be successfully applied for the determination of phthalates in different marine sediment samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Tiyu Road 28, Dinghai District, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Tiyu Road 28, Dinghai District, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jingjiao Bao
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Tiyu Road 28, Dinghai District, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, No. 2 Tiansheng Road College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences Southwest University Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
| | - Xiumei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Tiyu Road 28, Dinghai District, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Kaida Xu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Tiyu Road 28, Dinghai District, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Qin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Tiyu Road 28, Dinghai District, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yuanming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Tiyu Road 28, Dinghai District, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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15
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Deng H, Li R, Yan B, Li B, Chen Q, Hu H, Xu Y, Shi H. PAEs and PBDEs in plastic fragments and wetland sediments in Yangtze estuary. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 409:124937. [PMID: 33418296 PMCID: PMC7925382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates (PAEs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely used as additives in various plastic products. Because of their ubiquity and potential hazards to the environment, they have attracted widespread attention. This research supports the addition critical data of the concentration and distribution of PAEs and PBDEs in the plastic fragments and wetland sediments in Yangtze Estuary. The concentrations of Σ7PAEs and Σ9PBDEs in the plastic samples in Yangtze Estuary wetlands were 26.8-4241.8 μg/g and n.d. (no detectable) to 250.1 μg/g, respectively. The sixteen PAEs and eight PBDEs varied from 35.9 to 36225.2 ng/g and 3.9-253.0 ng/g in sediment samples. The dominant types of these chemicals in plastic and sediment samples were diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), dioctyl phthalate (DEHP) and BDE-209. According to correlation analysis and principal component analysis, the major sources of additives in sediment were associated with the leak from plastic fragment and microplastic. Based on the equilibrium partitioning theory and Sediment Quality Guidelines (SeQGs), the ecological risk of PAEs (high risk) and PBDEs (moderate risk) were evaluated. Overall, the investigated area has been moderately polluted by additives and microplastics; therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the control of environmental input of plastic waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ruilong Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Beizhan Yan
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964, USA
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qiqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hui Hu
- Shimadzu (China) Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510656, China
| | - Yong Xu
- PerkinElmer Management (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201202, China
| | - Huahong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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16
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Baker A, Ahmad B, Alarjani KM, Aldosri NS, Khan MS. Biostimulation of Rhodovulum sp., for enhanced degradation of di-n-butyl phthalate under optimum conditions. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:128998. [PMID: 33308837 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Di-butyl phthalate (DBP) is an extensively applied synthetic plasticizer, toxic organic compound with elevated concentrations in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem that cause serious risk to the human health. A marine bacterium Rhodovulum sp. DBP07 isolated from sea water with proficient of efficiently degrading DBP. The maximum DBP degradation (70.2%) and the cell growth (1.3 OD600nm) were observed at 600 mg/L. The DBP degradation characteristics of the isolate Rhodovulum sp. DBP07 with diverse preliminary concentrations of DBP was found to be 200 ˃ 400 ˃ 600 ˂ 800 ˂ 1000 mg/L DBP. Glucose was identified as most favorable nutrient factor for the enhanced growth and showed 79.8 and 77.4% of degradation rate at 5.0 and 2.0 g/L respectively. The influence of the carbon sources on DBP degradation was found to be Glucose ˃ fructose ˃ sucrose ˃ maltose ˃ lactose ˃ citric acid ˃ starch. Box-Behnken (BBD) statistical optimization results showed enhanced DBP biodegradation rate (91.1%) at pH 7.0, 3% of NaCl concentration with 3 days of incubation. Two intermediate compounds were observed in the retention times of 10.8 and 12.2 which are identified as diethyl phthalate (DEP) and mono-nbutyl phthalate (MBP) using Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Furthermore, the phthalate (pht) gene expression pattern under DBP stress was analyzed using RT-qPCR and the maximum fold change (5.7 fold) was observed at 3 day of incubation. Overall, the observed results indicate the possibility of utilizing Rhodovulum sp. for remediation of DBP contaminated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Baker
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Lab, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, India
| | - Bilal Ahmad
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khaloud Mohammed Alarjani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura Saleem Aldosri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Sajid Khan
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Lab, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, India; Department of Biochemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202001, UP, India.
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17
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Liu Y, Li Z, Jalón-Rojas I, Wang XH, Fredj E, Zhang D, Feng L, Li X. Assessing the potential risk and relationship between microplastics and phthalates in surface seawater of a heavily human-impacted metropolitan bay in northern China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 204:111067. [PMID: 32745786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of microplastics (MPs) and phthalates (PAEs), a class of MP-associated contaminants, on the marine environment are not thoroughly understood despite concern over their adverse effects on humans and ecosystems. Field studies linking MPs and PAEs in seawater have not yet been reported. We investigate for the first time the correlation between MPs contamination and the presence of PAEs in the surface seawater of Jiaozhou Bay (JZB), a semi-enclosed metropolitan bay in northern China heavily impacted by human activity. The abundance of MPs, dominated by polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate mostly smaller than 2 mm, ranged between 24.44 items/m3 and 180.23 items/m3, with the majority being black and transparent fibers and fragments. Concentrations of PAEs varied from 129.96 ng/L to 921.22 ng/L. Relatively higher abundances of MPs and higher concentrations of PAEs were generally found in areas near riverine inputs and sewage treatment plants. There was a strong correlation between PAEs concentration and MPs abundance, suggesting that they are closely linked. In a risk assessment combining PAEs and MPs, the risk quotients (RQs) indicated that the ecological risk of di-n-butyl phthalate in JZB was relatively high (0.046<RQ < 0.516); the risk of the other PAEs were low. The overall ecological hazard index (HI) of PAEs was low to medium (0.098<HI < 0.897). The risk of MPs pollution in JZB, as indicated by Pollution Load Index (PLI), was moderate (PLIJZB = 11.76), and mainly due to polyvinyl chloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Zhaozhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Isabel Jalón-Rojas
- UMR5805 EPOC, CNRS, OASU, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, 33615, France; The Sino-Australian Research Consortium for Coastal Management, School of Science, UNSW Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - Xiao Hua Wang
- The Sino-Australian Research Consortium for Coastal Management, School of Science, UNSW Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - Erick Fredj
- Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dahai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Lijuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Xianguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266100, China.
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18
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Zhang ZM, Zhang J, Zhang HH, Shi XZ, Zou YW, Yang GP. Pollution characteristics, spatial variation, and potential risks of phthalate esters in the water-sediment system of the Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent East China Sea. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114913. [PMID: 32531649 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Spatiotemporal variability in seawater, spatial variation in sediment, pollution characteristics, and risks related to 16 phthalate esters (PAEs) were investigated in the Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent East China Sea. The total concentrations of ΣPAEs in surface water were 0.588-17.7 μg L-1 in summer, 2.63-22.9 μg L-1 in winter, and 1.93-20.7 μg L-1 in spring, with average values of 2.05, 10.2, and 4.89 μg L-1, respectively. PAE concentrations exhibited notable seasonal variations with the highest value in winter and the lowest value in summer. The seasonal variation in PAE concentrations may be influenced by runoff and diluted water from the Yangtze River. The chemical composition of PAEs showed that di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) had significantly higher (p < 0.05) concentrations than the other congeners and were the most abundant PAE species in sediment and seawater in all three seasons. In addition, DnBP and DiBP were the two main congeners in seawater, and DEHP concentrations were higher in sediment than in seawater. DEHP had higher potential risks to sensitive organisms in water environment than DnBP and DiBP, and DiBP and DnBP which presented high levels of risk in sedimentary environment. DMP and DEP in watery and sedimentary environments and DEHP in sedimentary environment showed no or low risks to sensitive organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Ming Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Ningbo University, School of Marine Science, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Hong-Hai Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Xi-Zhi Shi
- Ningbo University, School of Marine Science, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ya-Wen Zou
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Gui-Peng Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
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19
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Padula V, Beaudreau AH, Hagedorn B, Causey D. Plastic-derived contaminants in Aleutian Archipelago seabirds with varied foraging strategies. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 158:111435. [PMID: 32753218 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates, plastic-derived contaminants, are of increasing global concern. This study quantified phthalates in seabirds collected across >1700 km of the Aleutian Islands, Alaska, and contributes to a body of knowledge on plastic contaminants in marine wildlife. We measured six phthalate congeners in seabirds representing ten species and four feeding guilds. Phthalates were detected in 100% of specimens (n = 115), but varied among individuals (3.64-539.64 ng/g). DEHP and DBP occurred at an order of magnitude higher than other congeners. Total phthalates did not vary geographically, but differed among feeding guilds, with significantly higher concentrations in diving plankton-feeders compared to others. Plastic particles were detected in 36.5% of randomly subsampled seabird stomachs (n = 74), suggesting plastic ingestion as a potential route of phthalate exposure. Our findings suggest feeding behavior could influence exposure risk for seabirds and lend further evidence to the ubiquity of plastic pollutants in marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Padula
- University of Alaska Fairbanks, College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, 17101 Point Lena Loop Road, Juneau, AK 99801, United States of America; University of Alaska Anchorage, Department of Biological Sciences, 3101 Science Circle, Anchorage, AK 99508, United States of America.
| | - Anne H Beaudreau
- University of Alaska Fairbanks, College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, 17101 Point Lena Loop Road, Juneau, AK 99801, United States of America
| | - Birgit Hagedorn
- Sustainable Earth, LLC, 2200 Alder Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, United States of America
| | - Douglas Causey
- University of Alaska Anchorage, Department of Biological Sciences, 3101 Science Circle, Anchorage, AK 99508, United States of America
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20
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Mukhopadhyay M, Sampath S, Muñoz-Arnanz J, Jiménez B, Chakraborty P. Plasticizers and bisphenol A in Adyar and Cooum riverine sediments, India: occurrences, sources and risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2020; 42:2789-2802. [PMID: 31974692 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00516-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Adyar and Cooum, the two rivers intersecting Chennai city, are exposed to serious pollution due to the release of large quantities of dumped waste, untreated wastewater and sewage. Sediments can act as repository for emerging organic contaminants. Hence, we have monitored the occurrence and risk associated with plasticizers [six phthalic acid esters (PAEs), bis(2-ethyl hexyl adipate) (DEHA)] and bisphenol A (BPA) in surface riverine sediments of Adyar and Cooum rivers from residential/commercial, industrial and electronic waste recycling sites. Σ7plasticizers (PAEs + DEHA) in the Adyar riverine sediment (ARS) and Cooum riverine sediment (CRS) varied between 51.82-1796 and 28.13-856 ng/g, respectively. More than three-fourth of Σ7plasticizers came from bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), in accordance with the high production and usage of this compound. BPA varied between 10.70-2026 and 7.58-1398 ng/g in ARS and CRS, respectively. Average concentrations of plasticizers and BPA were four times higher in electronic waste (e-waste) recycling sites when compared with industrial and residential/commercial sites. BPA and DEHP showed a strong and significant correlation (R2 = 0.7; p < 0.01) in the e-waste sites thereby indicating common source types. Sites present at close proximity to raw sewage pumping stations contributed to 70% of the total BPA observed in this study. For the derived pore water concentration of plasticizers and BPA, the ecotoxicological risk has been found to be higher in ARS over CRS. However, sediment concentrations in all the sites of ARS and CRS were much below the recommended serious risk concentration for human (SRChuman) and serious risk concentration for ecotoxicological (SRCeco).
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Affiliation(s)
- Moitraiyee Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Srimurali Sampath
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Juan Muñoz-Arnanz
- Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Jiménez
- Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paromita Chakraborty
- Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
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21
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Benson NU, Fred-Ahmadu OH. Occurrence and distribution of microplastics-sorbed phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in coastal psammitic sediments of tropical Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Guinea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 730:139013. [PMID: 32416503 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Baseline microplastic pollution and the occurrence, spatial distribution and ecological risk of microplastic-sorbed phthalate esters (PAEs) in littoral sandflat sediments of the Gulf of Guinea were investigated. A total of 150 sediment samples were collected using a 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.2 m quadrant placed along designated high, drift and current waterlines at five (5) beaches. Analysis for 6 PAEs-sorbed to microplastics (MPs) was carried out using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Microplastic particles (1-5 mm) were identified visually and FTIR spectroscopy was also used for identification. The MPs distribution was variably heterogenous with a total of 3424 particles per m2 found within the drift and high waterlines across all sites. Results indicated fragments as the dominant microplastic type compared to pellets and fibres. Polyethylene terephthalate was the major polymer type and accounted for a weighted average of 41% of the total plastics, followed by polystyrene (28%), and polypropylene (21%). The ∑6PAEs concentration ranged from BDL to 164.09 mg/kg dw, dominated by di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DnBP), and dimethyl phthalate. The preliminary ecological risk assessment of PAEs in the microplastic fraction, RQmp, showed DEHP and DnBP may present medium to high biological risks to marine organisms, suggesting that future study of PAEs in total sediment versus the MP fraction might be useful to refine ecological risk assessments. Land-based anthropogenic activities are primary sources of MPs, whereas oceanographic peculiarities of the area constitute the major distribution driving force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nsikak U Benson
- Department of Chemistry, Covenant University, Km 10 Idiroko Road, Ota, Nigeria.
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Hu H, Fang S, Zhao M, Jin H. Occurrence of phthalic acid esters in sediment samples from East China Sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 722:137997. [PMID: 32208289 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are widely used as plasticizers in many industrial and household products. The widespread distribution of PAEs in marine environment has attracted great concerns, due to their adverse health effects on marine organisms. However, the data on the occurrence of PAEs in sediment from East China Sea is still scarce. In this study, 16 PAEs were analyzed in 67 sediment samples collected from the Hangzhou Bay, Taizhou Bay, and Wenzhou Bay. Eight PAEs were detected in collected sediment samples, and the total concentrations of detected PAEs (∑PAEs) were in the range of 654-2603 ng/g. The di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was the predominant PAE (mean 663 ng/g; accounted for mean 52% of ∑PAEs), followed by di-isobutyl phthalate (DiBP; 284 ng/g; 22%), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP; 184 ng/g; 15%), and dimethyl phthalate (63 ng/g; 5.0%). The mean sediment concentration of ∑PAEs in the Hangzhou Bay (1623 ng/g) was higher than that in the Taizhou Bay (1282 ng/g) and Wenzhou Bay (1185 ng/g). Concentrations of diethyl phthalate, DiBP, and DBP were significantly and positively correlated with one another in sediment from Taizhou Bay and Wenzhou Bay. The estimated inventories of ∑PAEs in sediment from Hangzhou Bay, Taizhou Bay, and Wenzhou Bay were 82 tons, 28 tons, and 26 tons, respectively. Overall, this study provides the first data on the occurrence of PAEs in sediment from the East China Sea, which is necessary to conduct the PAE exposure risk assessment for the marine benthos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Marine Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Shuhong Fang
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, PR China
| | - Meirong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Hangbiao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
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Hu H, Mao L, Fang S, Xie J, Zhao M, Jin H. Occurrence of phthalic acid esters in marine organisms from Hangzhou Bay, China: Implications for human exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 721:137605. [PMID: 32163735 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the wide application of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in the manufacturing of plastic products, they are ubiquitous in the marine environment. However, the occurrence of various PAEs in marine organisms from China has not been well characterized. In this study, 341 marine organism samples (including fish, shrimp, crab, and shellfish) were collected from Hangzhou Bay, China and analyzed for 16 PAEs. Further, the human PAE exposure risks raised from the consumption of marine organisms were evaluated for adults and children. In total, eight PAEs were detected in collected organism samples, with the concentration of total PAEs (∑PAEs) ranging from 64 to 2840 ng/g (mean 238 ng/g). Crab (mean 811 ng/g) samples had the highest mean concentration of ∑PAEs, followed by fish (465 ng/g), shrimp (293 ng/g), and shellfish (261 ng/g) samples. Among detected PAEs, di-isobutyl phthalate (DiBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), and di-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) were the predominant PAEs, and they collectively accounted for 84-97% of the ∑PAEs concentrations in all samples. The estimated daily intakes of DiBP, DBP, and DEHP were more than one order of magnitude higher than remaining PAEs. Calculated hazard quotient values of PAEs were all <0.1, suggesting non-cancer risks for the general population through the consumption of marine organisms. Overall, for the first time, this study systematically examined the occurrence of multiple PAEs in four types of marine organisms from Hangzhou Bay, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Marine Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316021, PR China
| | - Lingling Mao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Shuhong Fang
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610225, PR China
| | - Jiahui Xie
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Meirong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Hangbiao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China.
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Zhao X, Shen JM, Zhang H, Li X, Chen ZL, Wang XC. The occurrence and spatial distribution of phthalate esters (PAEs) in the Lanzhou section of the Yellow River. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:19724-19735. [PMID: 32222919 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08443-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and spatial distribution of 22 congener phthalate esters (PAEs) in the Lanzhou section of the Yellow River were investigated using water and sediment samples collected from 12 stations along the river in August 2016 to March 2017. PAEs were determined by liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The average concentrations of PAE in the water samples during the dry and wet periods were 3236.0 ng/L and 2300.0 ng/L, and the average dry and wet periods of the PAEs in the sediments were 4238.9 ng/g and 3959.9 ng/g, respectively. PAEs were detected in all sampling sites. The six PAEs controlled by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), namely dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP), and butyl benzyl phthalate(BBP), were detected. DMP, DEP, DBP, and DEHP accounted for more than 70% of all PAEs. In view of time distribution, PAEs concentration in the water samples of the dry season were greater than those of the wet season, but the sediments did not differ remarkably across the different periods. As for spatial distribution, the PAEs initially exhibited low concentrations in the upper reaches, high concentrations in the middle part, and low concentrations in the downstream; a health risk assessment of the six PAEs controlled by the U.S. EPA was carried out according to priority. Results showed that the carcinogenic risk value was less than 10-6, and the values of the non-carcinogenic compound risk index were less than 1, indicating the absence of carcinogenic damage to organisms or humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhao
- College of Petrochemical Technolog, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
| | - Ji-Min Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- College of Petrochemical Technolog, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Petrochemical Technolog, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Zhong-Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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Zhang ZM, Yang GP, Zhang HH, Shi XZ, Zou YW, Zhang J. Phthalic acid esters in the sea-surface microlayer, seawater and sediments of the East China Sea: Spatiotemporal variation and ecological risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 259:113802. [PMID: 31896480 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The spatial and temporal distribution, congener profiles and ecological risk of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) were investigated in the seawater and sediment samples from the East China Sea in spring and autumn. The average concentrations of ΣPAEs in water samples were 3.16 ± 2.16 μg L-1 in autumn and 1.63 ± 1.20 μg L-1 in spring. The ΣPAEs in sediment was much higher than that in seawater, with an average value of 7.36 ± 6.70 mg kg-1 (dw). PAEs levels in the sea-surface microlayer (SML) in spring were 3.61 ± 3.36 μg L-1, indicating that the PAEs were noticeably concentrated in the SML, with an average enrichment factor of 2.10. Among the 16 PAE congeners, di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were the preponderant PAEs in both sediment and seawater samples. Additionally, PAE concentrations in autumn were higher than those in spring, and this difference resulted mainly from the terrigenous input and marine transportation. The horizontal distributions of PAEs showed an opposite distribution pattern to salinity and temperature, a pattern which might be influenced by the inputs of fresh water. The vertical distributions of ΣPAEs were characterized by high concentrations in the surface waters, with a slight decrease with depth, and then an increase close to the seabed. The results of ecological risk in the water-phase showed that the level of potential risk followed the order of DEHP > DiBP and DnBP > DMP and DEP, which posed a high (DEHP), medium (DiBP and DnBP) and low (DMP and DEP) risk to the sensitive organisms, respectively. For the sediment-phase, DiBP and DnBP represented a high risk to the sensitive organisms, whereas DMP, DEP and DEHP had only a low risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Ningbo University, School of Marine Science, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gui-Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266100, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Hong-Hai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266100, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Xi-Zhi Shi
- Ningbo University, School of Marine Science, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ya-Wen Zou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
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Nkwoji J, Ugbana S, Ina-Salwany M. Impacts of land-based pollutants on water chemistry and benthic macroinvertebrates community in a coastal lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2019.e00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Ibor OR, Andem AB, Eni G, Arong GA, Adeougn AO, Arukwe A. Contaminant levels and endocrine disruptive effects in Clarias gariepinus exposed to simulated leachate from a solid waste dumpsite in Calabar, Nigeria. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 219:105375. [PMID: 31812827 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Solid waste dumpsites (SWDs) and landfills are significant sources of emerging contaminants to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. We have studied the endocrine disruptive effects of simulated leachate from a solid waste dumpsite in Calabar, Nigeria. Juvenile C. gariepinus were exposed to simulated leachate, diluted to 0:0 (control), 1:10, 1:50, 1:100 for 3, 7 and 14 days. In addition, 17β-estradiol (E2: 100 μg/L)-exposed positive control group was included. Hepatic transcripts for the genes encoding vitellogenin (vtg), estrogen receptor-α (er-α), and aromatase (cyp19a1) were analyzed by real-time PCR. Protein expression for Vtg and Cyp19 were measured by immunoblotting and plasma steroid hormones (testosterone: T and E2) were measured using enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Soil samples from the dumpsite were analyzed for selected group of contaminants showing that DEHP was the only detected phthalate ester (PE) at 1300 ± 400 ng/g. Further, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) such as PFBS, PFOS, PFHxA, PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFUnDA and PFDoDA were detected in the soil samples from the dumpsite. We observed significant and apparent concentration-dependent increases in mRNA (vtg, er-α, and cyp19a1) and their corresponding functional protein products, after exposure to the simulated leachates. Further, the simulated leachate produced concentration-specific changes in plasma E2 and T levels. In general, the estrogenic endocrine and reproductive alterations in the exposed fish may directly be attributed to the PFASs and DEHP detected at the dumpsites. However, in addition to PFASs and DEHP, there could be other estrogenic contaminants in the leachate. Given the rapid utilization, for residential purposes, and increases in human settlement in areas around the Lemna SWDs, this study provides a direct cause-and-effect evidence of the potential contaminants at the dumpsite with significant environmental and human health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oju R Ibor
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria; Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Andem B Andem
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - George Eni
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Gabriel A Arong
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | | | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway.
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He MJ, Lu JF, Wang J, Wei SQ, Hageman KJ. Phthalate esters in biota, air and water in an agricultural area of western China, with emphasis on bioaccumulation and human exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 698:134264. [PMID: 31494416 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs) have been shown to be ubiquitous in abiotic and biotic environmental compartments; however, information about bioaccumulation behavior and human exposure, both via environmental exposure and the diet, are limited. Herein, we report the concentrations and composition profiles of phthalate esters (PAEs) in biological samples, river water, indoor air, and outdoor air samples collected from an agricultural site in western China. Dibutyl phthalate (DNBP) occupied a relatively high abundance in biological samples, discrepant with the environmental samples in which di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was the dominant congener. Significant correlations (P < 0.05) were observed between the biota and river water samples, indicating that river water heavily influenced PAE accumulation in biological samples. The mean log Bioaccumulation Factors (BAFs) varied from 0.91 to 2.96, which implies that most PAE congeners are not likely to accumulate in organisms. No obvious trends were observed between log octanol-water partition coefficient (KOW) and log BAF values, nor between log octanol-air partition coefficient (KOW) and biota-air accumulation factors (BAAFs). Nevertheless, the calculated log air-water partitioning factors (AWPFs) of diethyl phthalate (DEP), dimethyl phthalate (DMP), and butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) were similar to predicted values whereas those for diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), DNBP and DEHP were significantly higher. The estimated daily intakes of PAEs via food ingestion and environmental exposure were 15, 9.4 and 1.2 ng/kg-bw/day in toddlers, children and adults, respectively, laying at the low end of the reported data and well below the reference dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jing He
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Jun-Feng Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Chongqing Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Shi-Qiang Wei
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Kimberly J Hageman
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan 84322, United States
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Shahvandi SK, Banitaba MH, Ahmar H, Karimi P. A novel temperature controlled switchable solvent based microextraction method: Application for the determination of phthalic acid esters in water samples. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Tiwari M, Sahu SK, Pandit GG. Environmental distribution and ecotoxicological concerns of phthalic acid esters in creek ecosystem. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2019; 54:328-336. [PMID: 30600765 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2018.1551647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The long-term ecological risk of synthetic organic contaminants, exclusively endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) such as phthalates has threatened reclaimed seawater quality in marine environment. In this study, environmental distributions of 14 phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in seawater, and biota (fish and crab) across Thane Creek, Mumbai India is reported. Identification and quantifications of phthalates in environmental matrices was carried out using GC-MS technique. Abundance of phthalates in each matrix was discussed and compared with literature value. Total phthalate esters concentrations in seawaters, fish and crab samples were found to be 104.8 ± 37.8 μg L-1, 113 ± 36.4 μg g-1 and 155 ± 38 μg g-1 (dry weight) respectively. Di-n-butylphthalate (DBP) was most abundant compound among analyzed PAEs in all tested aquatic media. In situ bio-concentration factors (BCFs) were calculated for all monitored phthalates in fish and crabs and compared with log Kow values. Risk quotient and estradiol equivalent concentration were also calculated to evaluate ecological risk and estrogenic potential of seawater in terms of DBP and di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. The average values of total PAEs daily intake were calculated as 58.1 ± 13.6 and 79.6 ± 19.6 (µg kg-1-bw/day) for fish and crab respectively in an adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Tiwari
- a Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Section, Health, Safety and Environment Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay, Mumbai , India
- b Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar , Mumbai , India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Sahu
- a Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Section, Health, Safety and Environment Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay, Mumbai , India
- b Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar , Mumbai , India
| | - Gauri Girish Pandit
- a Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Section, Health, Safety and Environment Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay, Mumbai , India
- b Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar , Mumbai , India
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Zhang Z, Zhang C, Huang Z, Yi X, Zeng H, Zhang M, Huang M. Residue levels and spatial distribution of phthalate acid esters in water and sediment from urban lakes of Guangzhou, China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2018; 54:127-135. [PMID: 30407113 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2018.1530539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The residue levels and composition profiles of phthalate acid esters (PAEs) in water and sediment samples were investigated in eight urban lakes of Guangzhou, China. A total of 23 water and 16 sediment samples were collected. Results showed that all target PAEs were detected with dimethyl phthalate and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate as the most abundant compounds. The total concentrations of PAEs from different urban lakes were in the range of 273-1173 ng/L for water and 16.5-242 ng/g for sediments, with the geometric mean of 515 ng/L and 75.0 ng/g, respectively. Zhongshan Park Lake and Liwan Lake were the most highly contaminated with PAEs in water and in sediment, respectively. The spatial distribution of PAEs exhibited that distribution coefficients of PAEs between sediment and water are consistent with hydrophilicity of PAEs, and pollution levels and characteristics of PAEs in different lakes had a close relationship with the geographical location of the lake, industrial and commercial types, population density, and the association between the lake and the Pearl River. According to Pearson correlation analysis, PAEs would be derived from similar or identical sources. Risk assessment suggested that the exposure of PAEs in Guangzhou has a moderate toxicity at the current level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Zhang
- a School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Xi'an Technological University , Xi'an , PR China
| | - Chao Zhang
- b Environmental Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education , South China Normal University , Guangzhou , PR China
- e School of Geography and Planning, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Zehua Huang
- c College of Chemical Engineering , Huaqiao University , Xiamen , China Fujian
| | - XiaoHui Yi
- b Environmental Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education , South China Normal University , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Hui Zeng
- d Guangzhou Hydraulic Research Institute , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Mingzhu Zhang
- d Guangzhou Hydraulic Research Institute , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Mingzhi Huang
- b Environmental Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education , South China Normal University , Guangzhou , PR China
- e School of Geography and Planning, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , PR China
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32
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Yang X, Bento CPM, Chen H, Zhang H, Xue S, Lwanga EH, Zomer P, Ritsema CJ, Geissen V. Influence of microplastic addition on glyphosate decay and soil microbial activities in Chinese loess soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 242:338-347. [PMID: 29990941 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The intensive use of pesticide and plastic mulches has considerably enhanced crop growth and yield. Pesticide residues and plastic debris, however, have caused serious environmental problems. This study investigated the effects of the commonly used herbicide glyphosate and micrometre-sized plastic debris, referred as microplastics, on glyphosate decay and soil microbial activities in Chinese loess soil by a microcosm experiment over 30 days incubation. Results showed that glyphosate decay was gradual and followed a single first-order decay kinetics model. In different treatments (with/without microplastic addition), glyphosate showed similar half-lives (32.8 days). The soil content of aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), the main metabolite of glyphosate, steadily increased without reaching plateau and declining phases throughout the experiment. Soil microbial respiration significantly changed throughout the entirety of the experiment, particularly in the treatments with higher microplastic addition. The dynamics of soil β-glucosidase, urease and phosphatase varied, especially in the treatments with high microplastic addition. Particles that were considerably smaller than the initially added microplastic particles were observed after 30 days incubation. This result thus implied that microplastic would hardly affect glyphosate decay but smaller plastic particles accumulated in soils which potentially threaten soil quality would be further concerned especially in the regions with intensive plastic mulching application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Soil Physics and Land Management, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Célia P M Bento
- Soil Physics and Land Management, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hao Chen
- Soil Physics and Land Management, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hongming Zhang
- Soil Physics and Land Management, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands; College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Sha Xue
- Soil Physics and Land Management, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Esperanza Huerta Lwanga
- Soil Physics and Land Management, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Agroecología, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Unidad Campeche, Av Poligono S/n, Ciudad Industrial, Lerma, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Paul Zomer
- Institute of Food Safety (RIKILT), Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Coen J Ritsema
- Soil Physics and Land Management, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Violette Geissen
- Soil Physics and Land Management, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Adeogun AO, Ibor OR, Imiuwa ME, Omogbemi ED, Chukwuka AV, Omiwole RA, Arukwe A. Endocrine disruptor responses in African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 213:7-18. [PMID: 30033399 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we have investigated the endocrine disruptive effects of waterborne di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP: 0 (control), 10, 100, 200 and 400 μg/L) on juvenile Clarias gariepinus by analyzing transcript patterns for hepatic vitellogenin (vtg), estrogen receptor-α (er-α), aromatase (cyp19a1b) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α (ppar-α) using quantitative real-time PCR after 3, 7 and 14 days exposure period. In addition, we analyzed CYP19 and PPAR protein levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while cellular testosterone (T) and 17β-estradiol (E2) levels were measured using enzyme immune assay (EIA). Tissue burden of DEHP was measured in the liver using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). We observed apparent concentration- and time-dependent increases of vtg, er-α, cyp19a1b transcripts, E2 and T levels after exposure to DEHP. A biphasic pattern of effect was observed for ppar-α, showing a concentration-dependent increase that peaked at 100 μg/L and thereafter, an apparent concentration-dependent decrease at 200 and 400 μg/L at all exposure days. Given that the post-differentiation changes of gonads in C. gariepinus corresponded with the 14-day sampling period, we separated the analyzed data into sexes after histological examination of the gonads, showing that females responded stronger, compared to males, to DEHP exposure at all exposure concentrations. Oocyte atresia, intersex (ovotestis) and karyoplasmic clumping were observed in females while male fish showed distortion and degeneration of seminiferous tubules and condensation of tubular cells in the 400 μg/L exposure group after 14 days. Corresponding canonical analysis (CCA) of all analyzed variables revealed a positive relationship between analyzed biological variables with increasing DEHP concentrations. Overall, molecular, biochemical and physiological responses presented in the present study indicate that exposure of C. gariepinus to waterborne DEHP produced endocrine disruptive responses with potential consequences for overt reproduction, development, physiology and general health of fish populations inhabiting phthalate contaminated aquatic environments. These responses represent valuable and effective biomarkers of exposure and effects, that can be adopted for screening the presence of EDCs in Nigeria and other developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina O Adeogun
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oju R Ibor
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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Huang YH, Huang XJ, Chen XH, Cai QY, Chen S, Mo CH, Lü H, Wong MH. Biodegradation of di-butyl phthalate (DBP) by a novel endophytic bacterium Bacillus subtilis and its bioaugmentation for removing DBP from vegetation slurry. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 224:1-9. [PMID: 30025259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Di-butyl phthalate (DBP) is a widely used plasticizer, recalcitrant and hazardous organic compound with high detection frequencies and concentrations in water and soil that pose a great threat to human health. A novel endphytic bacterium strain N-1 capable of efficiently degrading DBP and utilizing it as sole carbon source was isolated from Ageratum conyzoides. This bacterium was identified as Bacillus subtilis based on its morphological characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Under the optimal culture conditions (pH 7.0, 30 °C), degradation percentage of DBP (12.5-100 mg/L) was up to 95% within five days, and its biodegradation half-life was less than 7.23 h. Degradation percentage of high DBP concentration (200 mg/L) was relatively lower (89%) with half-life of 56.8 h. DBP was degraded by Bacillus subtilis N-1 into mono-butyl phthalate and phthalic acid as evidenced by GC-MS analysis. Bioaugmentation of Youngia japonica plant slurry with strain N-1 greatly accelerated DBP dissipation with 97.5% removal percentage (higher by 47% than non-inoculation). The results highlighted that strain N-1 has great potential for bioremediation by plant-endophyte partnerships and for lowering PAE accumulation in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hong Huang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xue-Jing Huang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Quan-Ying Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Integrate Microbiology Research Center, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ce-Hui Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Huixiong Lü
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Integrate Microbiology Research Center, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Ming-Hung Wong
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Consortium on Health, Environment, Education and Research (CHEER), Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Zhang ZM, Zhang HH, Zou YW, Yang GP. Distribution and ecotoxicological state of phthalate esters in the sea-surface microlayer, seawater and sediment of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 240:235-247. [PMID: 29747108 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The spatial distribution, chemical composition and ecological risk of 16 phthalate esters (PAEs) were investigated in the sea-surface microlayer (SML), seawater and sediment samples of the Bohai Sea (BS) and the Yellow Sea (YS). The concentration levels of the ΣPAEs spanned a range of 449-13441 ng L-1 in the SML, 453-5108 ng L-1 in seawater, and 1.24-15.8 mg kg-1 in the sediment samples, respectively, with diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) as the dominant PAEs in both the water and sediment samples. The concentrations of ΣPAEs in the BS were higher than those in the YS. The vertical distribution of ΣPAEs in the water column showed that the concentrations were higher in the surface waters, but decreased slightly with depth, and started to increase at the bottom. Additionally, PAEs were significantly enriched in the SML, with an average enrichment factor of 1.46. The ecological risk of the PAEs was evaluated by the risk quotient (RQ) method, which indicated that DEHP posed a high risk to aquatic organisms in the whole water-phase, while the RQ values of DBP and DiBP reached a high risk levels in sedimentary environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao/Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Hong-Hai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao/Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266100, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Ya-Wen Zou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao/Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Gui-Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao/Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266100, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
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Cheng Z, Li HH, Yu L, Yang ZB, Xu XX, Wang HS, Wong MH. Phthalate esters distribution in coastal mariculture of Hong Kong, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:17321-17329. [PMID: 29654456 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1735-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of mariculture on phthalate esters speciation and distribution in sediments and cultured fish in the Hong Kong regions and near mainland China. Concentrations of ∑phthalate esters in mariculture surface sediments (0 to 5 cm) ranged from 0.20 to 54.3 mg/kg dw (mean 10.3 mg/kg dw), with the highest recorded at M2 (20.4 mg/kg dw). Concentrations of phthalate esters were not significantly (p > 0.05) enriched in surface and sediment cores at mariculture sites relative to the reference sediments, 1 to 2 km away in areas without mariculture activities. Among different congeners, only butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) concentrations demonstrated a significant correlation (R2 = 0.40, p < 0.05) with TOC values of sediments. The median concentrations of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) in the sediments were 1.57 and 6.96 times higher than the environmental risk levels (ERL), which may pose environmental risks. Results of health risk assessments revealed that the cultured fish (snubnose pompano, orange-spotted grouper, and red snapper) were safe for consumption, in terms of phthalate esters. This is the first study to assess the differences of phthalate esters contamination between mariculture and natural coastal sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Cheng
- College of Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
- Consortium on Health, Environment, Education and Research (CHEER), and Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Han-Han Li
- College of Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Yu
- College of Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhan-Biao Yang
- College of Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Xun Xu
- College of Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-Sheng Wang
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 Waihuandong Road, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ming-Hung Wong
- College of Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
- Consortium on Health, Environment, Education and Research (CHEER), and Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong, China.
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China.
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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Zhang ZM, Zhang HH, Zhang J, Wang QW, Yang GP. Occurrence, distribution, and ecological risks of phthalate esters in the seawater and sediment of Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent area. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 619-620:93-102. [PMID: 29145058 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A total of 133 seawater samples and 17 sediment samples were collected from 81 sampling sites in the Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent area and were analyzed for 16 phthalate esters (PAEs). The Σ16 PAE concentrations in the seawater and sediment samples ranged from 180.3ng·L-1 to 3421ng·L-1 and from 0.48μg·g-1 to 29.94μg·g-1dry weight (dw), respectively, with mean values of 943.6ng·L-1 and 12.88μg·g-1. The distribution of ∑16PAE concentrations in the water column showed that PAE concentrations in the bottom samples were higher than those in the surface samples (except the transect C located inside the Changjiang River Estuary), with the maxima appearing in the bottom layer at the offshore stations. Among the 16 PAEs, di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), and dibutyl phthalate (DnBP) dominated the PAEs, with 25.1%, 21.1%, and 18.9% of the Σ16PAEs in seawater, respectively. The comparison of ∑16PAEs and salinities in transects C and A6 suggested that the Changjiang River runoff was an important driving factor influencing the distribution of PAEs. DEHP concentrations in water samples and DEHP and DnBP concentrations in sediment samples exceeded the environmental risk levels (ERL), indicating their potential hazard to the ocean environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao/Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Hong-Hai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao/Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao/Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Qian-Wen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao/Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Gui-Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao/Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266100, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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Arukwe A, Ibor OR, Adeogun AO. Biphasic modulation of neuro- and interrenal steroidogenesis in juvenile African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to waterborne di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 254:22-37. [PMID: 28919451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Receptor (i.e. genomic) and non-receptor (or non-genomic) effects of endocrine toxicology have received limited or almost non-existent attention for tropical species and regions. In the present study, we have evaluated the effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on neuro- and interrenal steroidogenesis of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) using molecular, immunochemical and physiological approaches. Juvenile fish (mean weight and length: 5.6±0.6g and 8.2±1.2cm, respectively), were randomly distributed into ten 120L rectangular glass tanks containing 60L of dechlorinated tap water, at 50 fish per exposure group. The fish were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of DEHP, consisting of 0 (ethanol solvent control), 10, 100, 200, and 400μg DEHP/L water and performed in two replicates. Brain, liver and head kidney samples were collected at day 3, 7 and 14 after exposure, and analysed for star, p450scc, cyp19a1, cyp17, cyp11β-, 3β-, 17β- and 20β-hsd, and 17β-ohase mRNA expression using real-time PCR. The StAR, P450scc and CYP19 proteins were measured using immunoblotting method, while estradiol-17β (E2) and testosterone (T) were measured in liver homogenate using enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Our data showed a consistent and unique pattern of biphasic effect on star and steroidogenic enzyme genes with increases at low concentration (10μg/L) and thereafter, a concentration-dependent decrease in both the brain and head kidney, that paralleled the expression of StAR, P450scc and CYP19 proteins. Cellular E2 and T levels showed an apparent DEHP concentration-dependent increase at day 14 of exposure. The observed consistency in the current findings and in view of previous reports on contaminants-induced alterations in neuro- and interrenal steroidogenesis, the broader toxicological and endocrine disruptor implication of our data indicate potentials for overt reproductive, metabolic, physiological and general health consequences for the exposed organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Oju R Ibor
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Aina O Adeogun
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Jerome FC, Hassan A, Omoniyi-Esan GO, Odujoko OO, Chukwuka AV. Metal uptake, oxidative stress and histopathological alterations in gills and hepatopancreas of Callinectes amnicola exposed to industrial effluent. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 139:179-193. [PMID: 28135665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Metal uptake by biota due to elevated environmental concentrations elicits oxidative stress and could lead to pathological outcomes. The relationship between the histopathological profile of hepatopancreas and gills and altered biochemical features (antioxidant enzymes i.e. GSH, GPx, CAT, SOD, lipid peroxidation (MDA) and serum protein) in the blue crab, Callinectes amnicola from contaminated parts of the Lagos Lagoon was investigated. Monthly crab, sediment and surface water samples were taken from effluent receiving areas of the Lagos lagoon i.e. Makoko, Okobaba, Iddo, Ikoyi and Mid-lagoon (control site) over an 18-month period and analyzed for metal levels (Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu). Significantly higher levels of GPx and lower levels of Pb, Zn and Cu was recorded in gills and hepatopancreas of crabs from the mid-lagoon compared to crabs from other sites. Reaction patterns of gills across the different sites of the lagoon included regressive (ranging from epithelial lifting, disruption of pilaster cells, detached cuticle to focal necrosis) and circulatory disruptions (oedema); increased activity of GSH and GPx in gills were positively correlated with lesions of lower importance factor. Reaction patterns in hepatopancreas were more regressive including vacuolation/infiltration of fatty lobules, necrosis, granuloma, disintegrated lumen, atrophied tubules and loss of lobular hepatocyte structure; increased activity of GSH, GPx and CAT were positively correlated with lesions of low importance factor in the hepatopancreas. Findings show that lesions in both gills and hepatopancreas of the blue crab could be associated with uptake of metals, depleted antioxidant activity and incidence of lipid peroxidation in tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fisayo C Jerome
- Fisheries Resource Department, Marine Biology Section, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research (NIOMR), Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adesola Hassan
- Parasitology Research unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ganiat O Omoniyi-Esan
- Department of Morbid Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Oluwole O Odujoko
- Department of Morbid Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Azubuike Victor Chukwuka
- Department of Environmental Quality Control (EQC), Conservation Unit, National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA), Osogbo, Nigeria.
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Adeogun AO, Ibor OR, Onoja AB, Arukwe A. Fish condition factor, peroxisome proliferator activated receptors and biotransformation responses in Sarotherodon melanotheron from a contaminated freshwater dam (Awba Dam) in Ibadan, Nigeria. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 121:74-86. [PMID: 26898991 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between condition factor (CF), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), phase 1 biotransformation (CYP1A isoforms) and contaminant burden has been studied in Sarotherodon melanotheron from a contaminated tropical freshwater dam (Awba Dam) and compared to a reference site (Modete Dam) in Southwest, Nigeria. A total of 89 fish (57 males and 32 females) was collected from Awba Dam and 95 fish (48 males and 47 females) from the reference site. In general, fish sampled from Awba Dam were bigger than reference site. Sediment samples were also collected from both sites for contaminant analysis. Expression of ppar and cyp1 isoforms was analyzed using validated real-time PCR, while CYP1A and PPAR protein levels were analyzed using immunochemical method with specific antibodies. CYP-mediated catalytic responses (EROD, MROD and BROD) were performed by biochemical methods. We observed significant increases in ppar and cyp1 isoforms mRNA in both male and female fish from Awba Dam, compared to the reference site. Catalytic activities of EROD, MROD and BROD paralleled cyp1 transcript levels. Sex-related differences in PPAR and CYP1A protein levels were also observed, showing higher CYP1A proteins in males, compared with females, and higher PPAR proteins in females compared with males. Principal component analysis (PCA) biplot showed positive relationships between biological responses (ppar isoforms), condition factor (CF) and sediment PCBs, PAHs, OCPs and heavy metal concentrations. The present study shows that S. melanotheron inhabiting Awba Dam are severely affected by different classes of environmental contaminants that target metabolic processes (PPAR) and biotransformation pathways (CYP1A) in male and female fish, compared to a reference site. Interestingly, fish from Awba Dam were exhibiting good growth (evidence by high CF values) that paralleled increases in the transcriptional activation of ppar and cyp1 isoforms, despite the high contaminant burdens, suggesting a possible contaminant-induced obesogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina O Adeogun
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oju R Ibor
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Anyebe B Onoja
- Department of Virology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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Zakari S, Liu H, Li YX, He X, Tong L. Transport and sorption behavior of individual phthalate esters in sandy aquifer: column experiments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:15749-15756. [PMID: 27146532 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6660-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to quantify the transport and sorption behavior of four individual phthalate esters (PAEs) in sandy aquifer using column experiments so as to provide important parameters for the prediction and control of PAEs pollution plume in groundwater system. The transport curves of four individual PAEs were simulated with HYDRUS-1D through fitting linear and nonlinear equilibrium (LE/NO), linear and nonlinear, first-order, one-site non-equilibrium (LO/NO), linear and nonlinear, first-order, two-site non-equilibrium (LFO/NFO) sorption models. Simulation results showed that two-site models (LFO and NFO) displayed similar best fittings. The results from LFO model simulation showed that when water flowed 1000 m in sandy aquifer, PAEs with shorter carbon chains (DMP and DEP) transport 31.6 and 22.2 m, respectively. Unexpectedly for the same water transport distance, PAEs with longer carbon chains (DBP and DiBP) transported 40.2 and 60.7 m, respectively, which were faster than DMP and DEP, mainly due to the limited accessibility of type-2 sorption sites. The retardations were mainly caused by the sorption of PAEs on the time-dependent type-2 sites. DBP and DiBP exhibited higher mass transfer speed to and fro type-2 sites but showed lower total sorption coefficient (K) due to the limited accessibility of sorption sites. Coexistence of PAEs and smaller sorbent particles increased total K values of DBP and DiBP due to synergic development of more sorption sites with DMP and DEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sissou Zakari
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan-Xi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi He
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
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Huo CY, Liu LY, Zhang ZF, Ma WL, Song WW, Li HL, Li WL, Kannan K, Wu YK, Han YM, Peng ZX, Li YF. Phthalate Esters in Indoor Window Films in a Northeastern Chinese Urban Center: Film Growth and Implications for Human Exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:7743-7751. [PMID: 27322908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b06371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Indoor window film samples were collected in buildings during 2014-2015 for the determination of six phthalate diesters (PAEs). Linear regression analysis suggested that the film mass was positively and significantly correlated with the duration of film growth (from 7 to 77 days). PAEs were detected in all window film samples (n = 64). For all the samples with growth days ranged from 7 to 77 days, the median concentrations of total six PAEs (∑6PAEs) in winter and summer window film samples were 9900 ng/m(2) film (2000 μg/g film) and 4700 ng/m(2) film (650 μg/g film), respectively. Among PAEs analyzed, di-2-ethyl-hexyl phthalate (DEHP) was the major compound (71 ± 9.7%), followed by di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP; 20 ± 7.4%) and diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP; 5.1 ± 2.2%). Positive correlations among PAEs suggested their common sources in the window film samples. Room temperature and relative humidity were negatively and significantly correlated with PAEs concentations (in ng/m(2)). Poor ventilation in cold winter in Noreastern China significantly influenced the concentrations of PAEs in window film which suggested higher inhalation exposure dose in winter. The median hazard quotient (HQ) values from PAEs exposure were below 1, suggesting that the intake of PAEs via three exposure pathways was considered as acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Huo
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, China
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University , Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Li-Yan Liu
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zi-Feng Zhang
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wan-Li Ma
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wei-Wei Song
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hai-Ling Li
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wen-Long Li
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, China
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany , Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, New York 12201-0509, United States
| | - Yong-Kai Wu
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, China
| | - Ya-Meng Han
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Peng
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yi-Fan Li
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090, China
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University , Shenyang 110036, China
- IJRC-PTS-NA, Toronto, M2N 6X9, Canada
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Determination of endocrine disrupting compounds in fish liver, brain, and muscle using focused ultrasound solid–liquid extraction and dispersive solid phase extraction as clean-up strategy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:5689-5700. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9697-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Zhou X, Cui K, Zeng F, Li S, Zeng Z. A simple and selective method for determination of phthalate biomarkers in vegetable samples by high pressure liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2016; 200:336-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Adeogun AO, Ibor OR, Regoli F, Arukwe A. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and biotransformation responses in relation to condition factor and contaminant burden in tilapia species from Ogun River, Nigeria. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 183-184:7-19. [PMID: 26743957 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A major development in fishery science has been the Fulton's condition factor (CF) as a reliable physiological index of fish growth and health status (Fulton 1902). As a general rule, CF-value greater than 1 (>1) should be regarded as an indicator for good growth and health. Therefore, exposure of fish to contaminants in the environment will be expected to produce a reduction in scope for growth, since energy for growth will be allocated to overcome stressful conditions. In the present study, we hypothesized that tilapia species from Ogun River (Nigeria) are experiencing severe contaminant-induced obesogen effects leading to high CF (≥ 2) in fish with pathological alterations. The environmental obesogen hypothesis has related the interaction between environmental pollutants and PPAR isoform activation In this respect, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and biotransformation responses in relation to contaminant burden were investigated in a total of 1074 specimens of Tilapias species (Tilapia guineensis, Sarotherodon galileaus and Oreochromis niloticus) collected from three areas with different degrees of anthropogenic contamination and from a putative control site along the Ogun River. Liver mRNA expression of cytochrome cyp1 isoforms (cyp1a, 1b and 1c) and PPAR isoforms (ppar-α, β and γ) were analyzed using validated real-time PCR. Fish were also analyzed for CF and muscle contaminant burden (aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, organochlorine pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyls). A significant increase in mRNA expression of cyp1- and ppar isoforms was observed in fish from polluted areas, and these results paralleled data on PCBs and PAHs tissue concentrations. Further, cyp1 isoforms showed clear sex-related differences, with higher mRNA expression in male fish than in females. Principal component analysis revealed a relationship between cyp1 isoforms, ppar-α, β, PCBs and PAHs and these interactions may suggest a crosstalk between AhR- and PPARs mediated pathways on metabolic and energetic processes. The PCA biplot also highlighted a positive relationship between ppar-γ, body weight, total length and PAHs. The CF for fish from all the sites was ≥ 2 indicating that this parameter may not be a reliable index for evaluating fish growth and health condition, especially in wild fish population exposed to complex cocktails of environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina O Adeogun
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oju R Ibor
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Francesco Regoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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