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Goetz SMM, Lucas T, Granger DA. Salivary uric acid dynamics are associated with stress response hormones among African Americans in an urban sample. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 168:107120. [PMID: 39002453 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Acute physiological responses to psychosocial stressors are a potential pathway underlying racial disparities in stress-related illnesses. Uric acid (UA) is a potent antioxidant that has been linked to disparities in stress-related illnesses, and recent research has shown that UA is responsive to acute social stress. However, an examination of the relationships between the purinergic system and other commonly measured stress systems is lacking. Here, we measure and characterize associations of salivary uric acid (sUA) with markers of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation, sympathetic-adreno-medullar (SAM) axis activation, and acute inflammation. A community sample of 103 African Americans (33 male, 70 female) completed the Trier Social Stress Test to induce social-evaluative threat. Passive drool collected before, during, and after the stressor task provided salivary reactivity measures of UA (sUA), cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), salivary alpha amylase (sAA - a surrogate marker of SAM activity) and C-reactive protein (sCRP). Multiple regressions revealed that total activation of cortisol, DHEAS, and sCRP were each positively associated with higher total activation of sUA. Additionally, DHEAS reactivity was positively associated with sUA reactivity. Relationships between HPA-axis markers and sUA were especially observed among younger and male participants. Overall, findings suggest potential coordination of stress systems with sUA in response to acute stress, which may further the contributions of biological stress processes to racial health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan M M Goetz
- Charles Stewart Mott Department of Public Health, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, 200 East 1st Street, Flint, MI 48502, USA.
| | - Todd Lucas
- Charles Stewart Mott Department of Public Health, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, 200 East 1st Street, Flint, MI 48502, USA.
| | - Douglas A Granger
- Department of Psychological Science, School of Social Ecology, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-1075, USA; Institute for Interdisciplinary Salivary Bioscience Research, University of California at Irvine, 4201 SBSG, Irvine, CA 92697-7085, USA; John Hopkins University School of Medicine, 615 North Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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McAlister KL, Zink J, Huh J, Yang CH, Dunton GF, Dieli-Conwright CM, Page KA, Belcher BR. Perceived stress and associations between physical activity, sedentary time, and interstitial glucose in healthy adolescents. Physiol Behav 2024; 283:114617. [PMID: 38889810 PMCID: PMC11246823 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Less moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), more sedentary time (ST), and higher perceived stress are related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) occurrence, but observational evidence addressing the interaction of these factors is lacking in youth. This pilot study investigated momentary stress as a moderator in the acute associations of MVPA and ST with subsequent glucose in healthy adolescents. METHODS Participants (N=15, Mage=13.1±1.0 years, 10 girls, 5 with overweight/obesity) simultaneously wore a continuous glucose monitor (CGM), thigh-mounted accelerometer, and reported momentary stress via random ecological momentary assessments (EMA; Time T) for 7-14 days. MVPA and ST (min) were calculated for 60- and 120-minute time windows before each EMA prompt (Time T-1). Mean CGM-measured interstitial glucose (mg/dL) was calculated after each prompt (Mmin=120.0±25.4; Time T+1). Multilevel models assessed whether within-subject MVPA and ST (Time T-1) predicted mean glucose (Time T+1), with momentary stress as a moderator (Time T). RESULTS There were 513 time-matched EMA reports of stress, accelerometer, and CGM data. Momentary stress moderated the effects of MVPA 60 (β=-0.22, p=.001) and 120 min (β=-0.08, p=.02) before the prompt on subsequent glucose levels. When youth spent more time in MVPA than their average and when momentary stress was higher than their average, subsequent glucose was lower. Stress did not moderate associations of ST with glucose (p>.05). CONCLUSIONS Higher momentary stress may interact with higher MVPA to lower subsequent glucose in youth. Accelerometers, EMA, and CGMs can be integrated in future studies to further understand these associations in free-living environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey L McAlister
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Jennifer Zink
- Health Behaviors Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jimi Huh
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chih-Hsiang Yang
- Department of Exercise Science/TecHealth, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Genevieve F Dunton
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christina M Dieli-Conwright
- Department of Medical Oncology, Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathleen A Page
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Britni R Belcher
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Ding X, Zhu M, Zhao F, Wang Q, Shi J, Li Z. Influence of stress-specific interventions on biomarker levels and cognitive function in cancer patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Health Psychol 2024; 29:609-628. [PMID: 38433554 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer patients' psycho-physiological health is seriously affected by long-term exposure to stress. Many studies have explored the impact of stress-specific interventions on cancer patients' biomarker levels and cognitive functions. However, the current research findings are inconsistent, and their statistical power is limited by the small samples. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to verify the effect of stress-specific interventions on cancer patients. METHODS The literature involved nine databases from the inception until January 13, 2024, extracted 19 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Review Manager (RevMan) 5.4 software was used to perform a meta-analysis, and the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB2) was utilized for quality evaluation. RESULTS Nine RCTs were assessed as having a low risk of bias, and others had a moderate risk. The results showed that stress-specific interventions had beneficial effects on patients' subjective cognition but uncertain impacts on their executive function, tumour necrosis factor-α level, morning cortisol level, and no effect on cortisol at other times, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-8, IL-6, IL-1, and C-reactive protein. CONCLUSION More rigorous studies are required to elucidate the influence of stress-specific interventions on biomarker levels. The potential mechanism by which stress-specific interventions affect the cancer patient's cognitive function remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Ding
- School of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyue Zhu
- School of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiyuan Shi
- School of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Li
- School of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Goodman AM, Allendorfer JB, Taylor GC, Philip NS, Correia S, Blum AS, Curt LaFrance W, Szaflarski JP. Altered fronto-limbic-motor response to stress differs between functional and epileptic seizures in a TBI model. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 157:109877. [PMID: 38917672 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Psychogenic nonepileptic (functional) seizures (FS) clinically resemble epileptic seizures (ES) with both often preceded by traumatic brain injury (TBI). FS and ES emergence and occurrence after TBI may be linked to aberrant neurobehavioral stress responses. We hypothesized that neural activity signatures in response to a psychosocial stress task would differ between TBI + FS and TBI + ES after controlling for TBI status (TBI-only). METHODS In the current multicenter study, participants were recruited prospectively from Rhode Island Hospital, Providence Rhode Island Veterans Administration Medical Center, and the University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center. Previous diagnoses of TBI, ES, and FS were verified based on data collected from participants, medical chart and record review, and, where indicated, results of EEG and/or video-EEG confirmatory diagnosis. TBI + ES (N = 21) and TBI + FS (N = 21) were matched for age and sex and combined into an initial group (TBI + SZ; N = 42). A TBI-only group (N = 42) was age and sex matched to the TBI with seizures (TBI + SZ) group. All participants completed an fMRI control math task (CMT) and stress math task (SMT) based on the Montreal Imaging Stress Task (MIST). RESULTS The TBI + SZ group (n = 24 female) did not differ in mood or anxiety severity compared to TBI-only group (n = 24 female). However, TBI + FS group (n = 11 female) reported greater severity of these symptoms compared to TBI + ES (n = 13 female). The linear mixed effects analysis identified neural responses that differed between TBI-only and TBI + SZ during math performance within the left premotor cortex and during auditory feedback within bilateral prefrontal cortex and hippocampus/amygdala regions. Additionally, neural responses differed between TBI + ES and TBI + FS during math performance within the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and bilateral amygdala during auditory feedback within the supplementary motor area. All tests comparing neural stress responses to psychiatric symptom severity failed to reach significance. DISCUSSION Controlling for TBI and seizure status, these findings implicate specific nodes within frontal, limbic, and sensorimotor networks that may maintain functional neurological symptoms and possibly distinguish FS from ES. This study provides class II evidence of differences in neural responses to psychosocial stress between ES and FS after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Goodman
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA; UAB Epilepsy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Jane B Allendorfer
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA; UAB Epilepsy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gabriella C Taylor
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA; UAB Epilepsy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Noah S Philip
- VA RR&D Center for Neurorestoration & Neurotechnology, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA; Dept of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Stephen Correia
- VA RR&D Center for Neurorestoration & Neurotechnology, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Andrew S Blum
- Dept of Neurology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - W Curt LaFrance
- VA RR&D Center for Neurorestoration & Neurotechnology, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA; Dept of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Dept of Neurology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Division of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jerzy P Szaflarski
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA; UAB Epilepsy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Finseth TT, Smith B, Van Steenis AL, Glahn DC, Johnson M, Ruttle P, Shirtcliff BA, Shirtcliff EA. When virtual reality becomes psychoneuroendocrine reality: A stress(or) review. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 166:107061. [PMID: 38701607 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
This review article was awarded the Dirk Hellhammer award from ISPNE in 2023. It explores the dynamic relationship between stressors and stress from a historical view as well as a vision towards the future of stress research via virtual reality (VR). We introduce the concept of a "syncytium," a permeable boundary that blurs the distinction between stress and stressor, in order to understand why the field of stress biology continues to inadequately measure stress alone as a proxy for the force of external stressors. Using Virtual Reality (VR) as an illustrative example to explicate the black box of stressors, we examine the distinction between 'immersion' and 'presence' as analogous terms for stressor and stress, respectively. We argue that the conventional psychological approaches to stress measurement and appraisal theory unfortunately fall short in quantifying the force of the stressor, leading to reverse causality fallacies. Further, the concept of affordances is introduced as an ecological or holistic tool to measure and design a stressor's force, bridging the gap between the external environment and an individual's physiological response to stress. Affordances also serve to ameliorate shortcomings in stress appraisal by integrating ecological interdependencies. By combining VR and psychobiological measures, this paper aims to unravel the complexity of the stressor-stress syncytium, highlighting the necessity of assessing both the internal and external facets to gain a holistic understanding of stress physiology and shift away from reverse causality reasoning. We find that the utility of VR extends beyond presence to include affordance-based measures of immersion, which can effectively model stressor force. Future research should prioritize the development of tools that can measure both immersion and presence, thereby providing a more comprehensive understanding of how external stressors interact with individual psychological states.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brandon Smith
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Oregon, USA
| | | | - David C Glahn
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Megan Johnson
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Oregon, USA
| | - Paula Ruttle
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Oregon, USA
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Remmers MCC, Reijs RP, Hoebe CJPA. Defining and distinguishing early life stress, trauma, adversity, toxic and chronic stress and allostatic load: a descriptive review. Scand J Public Health 2024:14034948241260105. [PMID: 39087715 DOI: 10.1177/14034948241260105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Various concepts are used to study the impact of stress on childhood development. These concepts are often used inconsistently or interchangeably. Our main objectives were to determine how selected stress concepts (chronic stress, toxic stress, allostatic load, early life stress, childhood adversity, childhood trauma and adverse childhood experiences; ACEs) are defined, operationalized and described, and to provide a theoretical context to aid the choice for a preferred concept in public health research. METHODS For this descriptive review, we systematically searched for literature published before 4 August 2021, on PubMed, Embase and PsycInfo. Two independent reviewers included studies. Exclusion criteria were: no systematic review, not peer reviewed, not published in English, selected stress concepts were no predetermined variable or a substantial topic in the discussion, full text was unobtainable or study described non-human or non-childhood populations. Data extraction forms were used. Descriptives were gathered, publication fields were identified through Journal Citation Reports categories, and verbatim descriptions were ordered in text and Venn diagrams. RESULTS Of 264 screened studies, 124 were included. ACEs, childhood adversity and childhood trauma were used most. ACEs were the main concept used most frequently (47.6%). A total of 11 of 14 public and environmental health journals used ACEs. All concepts refer to prolonged, repeated, interpersonal stress from 0 to 18 years, that can alter physiological systems. Four concepts were stressor oriented, two concepts focused on stress response and effect and one on the state of challenged homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS ACEs seem most fitting for public health setting, due to their operationalizability, large set of core experiences and widespread use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten C C Remmers
- Department of Social Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Youth Health Care, Public Health Service Limburg-North, Venlo, Netherlands
| | - Rianne P Reijs
- Department of Social Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Youth Health Care, Living Lab Public Health Mosa, Public Health Service South Limburg, Heerlen, Netherlands
| | - Christian J P A Hoebe
- Department of Social Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases and Environmental Health, Living Lab Public Health Mosa, Public Health Service South Limburg, Heerlen, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Infection Prevention, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Kareklas K, Oliveira RF. Emotional contagion and prosocial behaviour in fish: An evolutionary and mechanistic approach. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 163:105780. [PMID: 38955311 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
In this review, we consider the definitions and experimental approaches to emotional contagion and prosocial behaviour in mammals and explore their evolutionary conceptualisation for studying their occurrence in the evolutionarily divergent vertebrate group of ray-finned fish. We present evidence for a diverse set of fish phenotypes that meet definitional criteria for prosocial behaviour and emotional contagion and discuss conserved mechanisms that may account for some preserved social capacities in fish. Finally, we provide some considerations on how to address the question of interdependency between emotional contagion and prosocial response, highlighting the importance of recognition processes, decision-making systems, and ecological context for providing evolutionary explanations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriacos Kareklas
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, R. Q.ta Grande 6, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
| | - Rui F Oliveira
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, R. Q.ta Grande 6, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal; ISPA - Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, Lisboa 1149-041, Portugal.
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Dori P, Anastasio I, Macchi E, Manenti I, Hones M, Carosi M. Hibernating or not hibernating? Brown bears' response to a mismatch between environmental natural cues and captive management, and its welfare implications. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306537. [PMID: 39083476 PMCID: PMC11290645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In wild brown bears, likely factors triggering hibernation response to harsh environmental conditions are temperature, photoperiod, and food resources availability. In fact, constantly fed captive brown bears are described as skipping hibernation being active all year-round. Is the hibernation response so flexible and subordinate to contingencies, or else is an adaptation that, if dismissed, may negatively impact on bear well-being? This study investigates the potential hibernation response in captive brown bears under unvaried management conditions using an integrative approach simultaneously analyzing multiple animal-based variables together with environmental covariates. Data from a mid-latitude zoo revealed distinct behavioral, fecal glucocorticoids, and body condition score seasonal fluctuations, resembling natural hibernation cycles, despite constant food access. Environmental variables like photoperiod and visitor numbers significantly influenced activity levels. Bears exhibited behaviors indicative of hyperphagia and fall transition, such as appetitive feeding and denning behaviors. Hormonal analyses revealed high fecal cortisol metabolites levels during hyperphagia, suggesting physiological responses to seasonal changes. Findings underscore the importance of environmental cues and food availability in shaping zoo bear behavior and physiology. Considering that the hibernating vs. non-hibernating description might represent an oversimplification, management strategies should deal with captive bear potential need to freely express their adaptive predispositions by accommodating their natural behaviors, such as providing denning spots and adjusting diet composition as soon as typical hyperphagic and predenning behaviors emerge, ultimately enhancing their well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Dori
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Isabella Manenti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Monica Carosi
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
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Yuan X, Chai J, Xu W, Zhao Y. Exploring the Potential of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Major Depression: From Molecular Function to Clinical Therapy. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10326-z. [PMID: 39078446 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10326-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) represents a complex and challenging mental health condition with multifaceted etiology. Recent research exploring the gut-brain axis has shed light on the potential influence of gut microbiota on mental health, offering novel avenues for therapeutic intervention. This paper reviews current evidence on the role of prebiotics and probiotics in the context of MDD treatment. Clinical studies assessing the effects of prebiotic and probiotic interventions have demonstrated promising results, showcasing improvements in depression symptoms and metabolic parameters in certain populations. Notably, prebiotics and probiotics have shown the capacity to modulate inflammatory markers, cortisol levels, and neurotransmitter pathways linked to MDD. However, existing research presents varied outcomes, underscoring the need for further investigation into specific microbial strains, dosage optimization, and long-term effects. Future research should aim at refining personalized interventions, elucidating mechanisms of action, and establishing standardized protocols to integrate these interventions into clinical practice. While prebiotics and probiotics offer potential adjunctive therapies for MDD, continued interdisciplinary efforts are vital to harnessing their full therapeutic potential and reshaping the landscape of depression treatment paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yuan
- Graduate School of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jianbo Chai
- Heilongjiang Mental Hospital, Harbin, 150036, China
| | - Wenqiang Xu
- Harbin Jiarun Hospital, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yonghou Zhao
- Heilongjiang Mental Hospital, Harbin, 150036, China.
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Ysbæk-Nielsen AT. Exploring volumetric abnormalities in subcortical L-HPA axis structures in pediatric generalized anxiety disorder. Nord J Psychiatry 2024; 78:402-410. [PMID: 38573199 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2024.2335980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is debilitating and increasingly prevalent, yet its etiology remains unclear. Some believe the disorder to be propagated by chronic dysregulation of the limbic-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (L-HPA) axis, but morphometric studies of implicated subcortical areas have been largely inconclusive. Recognizing that certain subcortical subdivisions are more directly involved in L-HPA axis functioning, this study aims to detect specific abnormalities in these critical areas. METHODS Thirty-eight MRI scans of preschool children with (n = 15) and without (n = 23) GAD underwent segmentation and between-group volumetric comparisons of the basolateral amygdala (BLA), ventral hippocampal subiculum (vSC), and mediodorsal medial magnocellular (MDm) area of the thalamus. RESULTS Children with GAD displayed significantly larger vSC compared to healthy peers, F(1, 31) = 6.50, pFDR = .048. On average, children with GAD presented with larger BLA and MDm, Fs(1, 31) ≥ 4.86, psFDR ≤ .054. Exploratory analyses revealed right-hemispheric lateralization of all measures, most notably the MDm, F(1, 31) = 8.13, pFDR = .024, the size of which scaled with symptom severity, r = .83, pFDR = .033. CONCLUSION The BLA, vSC, and MDm are believed to be involved in the regulation of anxiety and stress, both individually and collectively through the excitation and inhibition of the L-HPA axis. All were found to be enlarged in children with GAD, perhaps reflecting hypertrophy related to hyperexcitability, or early neuronal overgrowth. Longitudinal studies should investigate the relationship between these early morphological differences and the long-term subcortical atrophy previously observed.
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Praça MSL, de Sousa FTR, Cândido EB, Lamaita RM, Wender MCO, Silva AL. Beyond the diagnosis: gender disparities in the social and emotional impact of cancer. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2024; 70:e2024S115. [PMID: 38865535 PMCID: PMC11164259 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.2024s115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Seabra Leite Praça
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology – Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Batista Cândido
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology – Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Rívia Mara Lamaita
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology – Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Maria Celeste Osório Wender
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics – Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
| | - Agnaldo Lopes Silva
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology – Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
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Ornelas LC, Besheer J. Predator odor stress reactivity, alcohol drinking and the endocannabinoid system. Neurobiol Stress 2024; 30:100634. [PMID: 38623398 PMCID: PMC11016807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2024.100634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are highly comorbid and individual differences in response to stress suggest resilient and susceptible populations. Using animal models to target neurobiological mechanisms associated with individual variability in stress coping responses and the relationship with subsequent increases in alcohol consumption has important implications for the field of traumatic stress and alcohol disorders. The current review discusses the unique advantages of utilizing predator odor stressor exposure models, specifically using 2,5-dihydro-2,4,5-trimethylthiazoline (TMT) on better understanding PTSD pathophysiology and neurobiological mechanisms associated with stress reactivity and subsequent increases in alcohol drinking. Furthermore, there has been increasing interest regarding the role of the endocannabinoid system in modulating behavioral responses to stress with an emphasis on stress coping and individual differences in stress-susceptibility. Therefore, the current review focuses on the topic of endocannabinoid modulation of stress reactive behaviors during and after exposure to a predator odor stressor, with implications on modulating distinctly different behavioral coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C. Ornelas
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Joyce Besheer
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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13
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Pandit S, Srivastav AK, Sur TK, Chaudhuri S, Wang Y, Biswas TK. Effects of Withania somnifera Extract in Chronically Stressed Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2024; 16:1293. [PMID: 38732539 PMCID: PMC11085552 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress is a known causative factor in modulating cognitive health, which overall well-being and quality of life are dependent on. Long-term stress has been shown to disrupt the balance of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Adaptogens, such as Withania somnifera (ashwagandha), are commonly used in Ayurvedic medicine for stress relief and ameliorating HPA-axis dysfunction. The aim of this study was to support the role of a root and leaf water-extracted ashwagandha extract (WS) in stress reduction by confirming the lowest clinically validated dose for stress management (125 mg/day) in a dose-dependent clinical study in adults with self-reported high stress. METHODS An 8-week, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study to compare the effects of three different WS extract doses (125, 250 and 500 mg) was performed. A total of 131 adults were enrolled, and 98 were included in the final analysis. Attenuation of chronic stress was measured using the 14-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and biochemical-related stress parameters. RESULTS We have shown that aqueous WS extract (roots and leaves) safely reduces mild to moderate chronic stress at doses of 125 mg, 250 mg, and 500 mg/day for 8 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate the stress-reduction capabilities of this well-characterized aqueous extract of WS (root and leaf) at the low dose of 125 mg/day, in a dose-dependent manner, via the modulation of the HPA axis. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered with the Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI) with the registration number: CTRI/2019/11/022100.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanta Pandit
- Research Unit, Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Bengal, J. B. Roy State Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital, 170−172, Raja Dinendra Street, Kolkata 700004, India; (S.P.); (A.K.S.); (T.K.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Amit K. Srivastav
- Research Unit, Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Bengal, J. B. Roy State Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital, 170−172, Raja Dinendra Street, Kolkata 700004, India; (S.P.); (A.K.S.); (T.K.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Tapas K. Sur
- Research Unit, Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Bengal, J. B. Roy State Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital, 170−172, Raja Dinendra Street, Kolkata 700004, India; (S.P.); (A.K.S.); (T.K.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Supriyo Chaudhuri
- Research Unit, Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Bengal, J. B. Roy State Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital, 170−172, Raja Dinendra Street, Kolkata 700004, India; (S.P.); (A.K.S.); (T.K.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Yan Wang
- Section of Public and Population Health, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Tuhin K. Biswas
- Research Unit, Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Bengal, J. B. Roy State Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital, 170−172, Raja Dinendra Street, Kolkata 700004, India; (S.P.); (A.K.S.); (T.K.S.); (S.C.)
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14
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Ramos ML, Zhou AM, Lytle MN, Myruski S, Pérez-Edgar K, Buss KA. Interactions among stress, behavioral inhibition, and delta-beta coupling predict adolescent anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Dev Psychobiol 2024; 66:e22485. [PMID: 38483054 PMCID: PMC11000197 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic brought about unprecedented changes and uncertainty to the daily lives of youth. The range of adjustment in light of a near-universal experience of COVID restrictions highlights the importance of identifying factors that may render some individuals more susceptible to heightened levels of anxiety during stressful life events than others. Two risk factors to consider are temperamental behavioral inhibition (BI) and difficulties in emotion regulation (ER). As such, the current paper focused on BI examined prior to COVID, because of its developmental link to anxiety and ER, as difficulties may be associated with differences in anxiety. We examined a neurocognitive marker of ER processes, delta-beta coupling (DBC). The current paper had two goals: (1) to examine BI in relation to COVID-related worry and social anxiety experienced during the pandemic, and (2) to explore the role of individual differences in early DBC in the relationship between BI and anxiety outcomes 6 months apart during COVID-19 (n = 86; T1 Mage = 15.95, SD = 1.73; T6 Mage = 16.43, SD = 1.73). We found support for the moderating role of DBC in the relationship between BI levels and social anxiety disorder (SAD) symptom severity during the pandemic. Here, high BI was predictive of increased SAD symptom levels in adolescents with stronger DBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Ramos
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anna M Zhou
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marisa N Lytle
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarah Myruski
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Koraly Pérez-Edgar
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kristin A Buss
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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15
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Bentele UU, Klink ESC, Benz ABE, Meier M, Gaertner RJ, Denk BF, Dimitroff SJ, Unternaehrer E, Pruessner JC. The effect of cognitive reappraisal and early-life maternal care on neuroendocrine stress responses. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6837. [PMID: 38514744 PMCID: PMC10957921 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57106-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Early-life adversity (ELA) is related to profound dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, reflected in both, blunted or exaggerated cortisol stress responses in adulthood. Emotion regulation strategies such as cognitive reappraisal might contribute to this inconsistent finding. Here, we investigate an interaction of early-life maternal care (MC), where low MC represents a form of ELA, and instructed emotion regulation on cortisol responses to acute stress. Ninety-three healthy young women were assigned to a low (n = 33) or high (n = 60) MC group, based on self-reported early-life MC. In the laboratory, participants received regulation instructions, asking to cognitively reappraise (reappraisal group, n = 45) or to focus on senses (control group, n = 48) during subsequent stress exposure, induced by the Trier Social Stress Test. Salivary cortisol and subjective stress levels were measured repeatedly throughout the experiment. Multilevel model analyses confirmed a MC by emotion regulation interaction effect on cortisol trajectories, while controlling for hormonal status. Individuals with low MC in the control compared with the reappraisal group showed increased cortisol responses; individuals with high MC did not differ. These results highlight the significance of emotion regulation for HPA axis stress regulation following ELA exposure. They provide methodological and health implications, indicating emotion regulation as a promising target of treatment interventions for individuals with a history of ELA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike U Bentele
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuropsychology, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstrasse 10, 78464, Constance, Germany.
| | - Elea S C Klink
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuropsychology, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstrasse 10, 78464, Constance, Germany
| | - Annika B E Benz
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuropsychology, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstrasse 10, 78464, Constance, Germany
| | - Maria Meier
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuropsychology, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstrasse 10, 78464, Constance, Germany
- Child- and Adolescent Research Department, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raphaela J Gaertner
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuropsychology, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstrasse 10, 78464, Constance, Germany
| | - Bernadette F Denk
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuropsychology, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstrasse 10, 78464, Constance, Germany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany
| | | | - Eva Unternaehrer
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuropsychology, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstrasse 10, 78464, Constance, Germany
- Child- and Adolescent Research Department, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jens C Pruessner
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuropsychology, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstrasse 10, 78464, Constance, Germany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany
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16
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Qi M, Gai R, Gao H. The effect of chronic academic stress on intentional forgetting. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2024; 77:433-445. [PMID: 37042464 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231171481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated whether chronic academic stress could affect the directed forgetting (DF) process. Both the stress group (undergoing preparation for a major academic examination) and the control group performed a DF task. A forgetting cue was presented after a to-be-forgotten (TBF) word, whereas no cue appeared after a to-be-remembered (TBR) item in the study phase. An old/new recognition test was used in the test phase. The results showed that (1) the stress group showed a higher level of self-reported stress, state anxiety, negative affect, and decreased cortisol awakening response (CAR) compared with the control group, suggesting a higher level of stress for the stress group. (2) Both groups showed superior recognition performance of TBR than TBF items, suggesting a DF effect. (3) The stress group showed inferior recognition performance of TBF items and an enhanced DF effect compared with the control group. These results demonstrated that the intentional memory control process might be enhanced under chronic academic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Qi
- School of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Ru Gai
- School of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Heming Gao
- School of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
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17
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Buccato DG, Ullah H, De Lellis LF, Piccinocchi R, Baldi A, Xiao X, Arciola CR, Di Minno A, Daglia M. In Vitro Assessment of Cortisol Release Inhibition, Bioaccessibility and Bioavailability of a Chemically Characterized Scutellaria lateriflora L. Hydroethanolic Extract. Molecules 2024; 29:586. [PMID: 38338331 PMCID: PMC10856628 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Excess cortisol release is associated with numerous health concerns, including psychiatric issues (i.e., anxiety, insomnia, and depression) and nonpsychiatric issues (i.e., osteoporosis). The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro inhibition of cortisol release, bioaccessibility, and bioavailability exerted by a chemically characterized Scutellaria lateriflora L. extract (SLE). The treatment of H295R cells with SLE at increasing, noncytotoxic, concentrations (5-30 ng/mL) showed significant inhibition of cortisol release ranging from 58 to 91%. The in vitro simulated gastric, duodenal, and gastroduodenal digestions, induced statistically significant reductions (p < 0.0001) in the bioactive polyphenolic compounds that most represented SLE. Bioavailability studies on duodenal digested SLE, using Caco-2 cells grown on transwell inserts and a parallel artificial membrane permeability assay, indicated oroxylin A glucuronide and oroxylin A were the only bioactive compounds able to cross the Caco-2 cell membrane and the artificial lipid membrane, respectively. The results suggest possible applications of SLE as a food supplement ingredient against cortisol-mediated stress response and the use of gastroresistant oral dosage forms to partially prevent the degradation of SLE bioactive compounds. In vivo studies and clinical trials remain necessary to draw a conclusion on the efficacy and tolerability of this plant extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Giuseppe Buccato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.G.B.); (H.U.); (L.F.D.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Hammad Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.G.B.); (H.U.); (L.F.D.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Lorenza Francesca De Lellis
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.G.B.); (H.U.); (L.F.D.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Roberto Piccinocchi
- Level 1 Medical Director Anaesthesia and Resuscitation A. U. O. Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Baldi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.G.B.); (H.U.); (L.F.D.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Xiang Xiao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;
| | - Carla Renata Arciola
- Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Regenerative Medicine, Laboratory of Pathology of Implant Infections, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 14, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Di Minno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.G.B.); (H.U.); (L.F.D.L.); (A.B.)
- CEINGE-BiotecnologieAvanzate, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.G.B.); (H.U.); (L.F.D.L.); (A.B.)
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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18
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Gruhn M, Miller AB, Eisenlohr-Moul TA, Martin S, Clayton MG, Giletta M, Hastings PD, Nock MK, Rudolph KD, Slavich GM, Prinstein MJ, Sheridan MA. Threat exposure moderates associations between neural and physiological indices of emotion reactivity in adolescent females. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 159:106405. [PMID: 37812939 PMCID: PMC11034839 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Early life adversity (ELA) characterized by threat (e.g., abuse, witnessing violence) impacts neural and physiologic systems involved in emotion reactivity; however, research on how threat exposure impacts the interplay between these systems is limited. This study investigates ELA characterized by threat as a potential moderator of the association between (a) neural activity during a negative image processing fMRI task and (b) cortisol production following a modified Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). The sample is comprised of 117 young adolescent females (Mage = 11.90 years, SD = 1.69) at elevated risk for internalizing problems. Whole-brain analyses revealed a positive association between cortisol production and increased right lateral orbitofrontal cortex activity during the emotion reactivity task. In moderation models, threat exposure interacted with bilateral amygdala activation (b = -3.34, p = 0.021) and bilateral hippocampal activation (b = -4.14, p = 0.047) to predict cortisol response to the TSST. Specifically, participants with low, but not high, levels of threat exposure demonstrated a positive association between cortisol production and neural activity in these regions, while no significant association emerged for participants with high threat exposure. Findings contribute to the growing field of research connecting physiological and neural emotion processing and response systems, suggesting that dimensions of ELA may uniquely disrupt associations between neural activation and cortisol production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Bryant Miller
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA; RTI International, USA
| | | | | | | | - Matteo Giletta
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, USA
| | | | | | - Karen D Rudolph
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - George M Slavich
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
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19
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Azuara-Alvarez LE, Díaz-Muñoz M, Báez Ruiz A, Saderi N, Ramírez-Plascencia OD, Cárdenas-Romero S, Flores-Sandoval O, Salgado-Delgado R. Visceral fat sympathectomy ameliorates systemic and local stress response related to chronic sleep restriction. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:2381-2392. [PMID: 38143435 PMCID: PMC10903249 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231214267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Disturbance of sleep homeostasis encompasses health issues, including metabolic disorders like obesity, diabetes, and augmented stress vulnerability. Sleep and stress interact bidirectionally to influence the central nervous system and metabolism. Murine models demonstrate that decreased sleep time is associated with an increased systemic stress response, characterized by endocrinal imbalance, including the elevated activity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, augmented insulin, and reduced adiponectin, affecting peripheral organs physiology, mainly the white adipose tissue (WAT). Within peripheral organs, a local stress response can also be activated by promoting the formation of corticosterone. This local amplifying glucocorticoid signaling is favored through the activation of the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1). In WAT, 11β-HSD1 activity is upregulated by the sympathetic nervous system, suggesting a link between sleep loss, augmented stress response, and a potential WAT metabolic disturbance. To gain more understanding about this relationship, metabolic and stress responses of WAT-sympathectomized rats were analyzed to identify the contribution of the autonomic nervous system to stress response-related metabolic disorders during chronic sleep restriction. Male Wistar rats under sleep restriction were allowed just 6 h of daily sleep over eight weeks. Results showed that rats under sleep restriction presented higher serum corticosterone, increased adipose tissue 11β-HSD1 activity, weight loss, decreased visceral fat, augmented adiponectin, lower leptin levels, glucose tolerance impairment, and mildly decreased daily body temperature. In contrast, sympathectomized rats under sleep restriction exhibited decreased stress response (lower serum corticosterone and 11β-HSD1 activity). In addition, they maintained weight loss, explained by a reduced visceral fat pad, leptin, and adiponectin, improved glucose management, and persisting decline in body temperature. These results suggest autonomic nervous system is partially responsible for the WAT-exacerbated stress response and its metabolic and physiological disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia E Azuara-Alvarez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78295, México
| | - Mauricio Díaz-Muñoz
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, México
| | - Adrián Báez Ruiz
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78295, México
| | - Nadia Saderi
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78295, México
| | - Oscar Daniel Ramírez-Plascencia
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78295, México
- Neurology department, Beth Israel Deacones Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Skarleth Cárdenas-Romero
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78295, México
- Neurology department, Beth Israel Deacones Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Omar Flores-Sandoval
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78295, México
| | - Roberto Salgado-Delgado
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78295, México
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20
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Howland MA. Recalibration of the stress response system over adult development: Is there a perinatal recalibration period? Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:2315-2337. [PMID: 37641984 PMCID: PMC10901284 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
During early life-sensitive periods (i.e., fetal, infancy), the developing stress response system adaptively calibrates to match environmental conditions, whether harsh or supportive. Recent evidence suggests that puberty is another window when the stress system is open to recalibration if environmental conditions have shifted significantly. Whether additional periods of recalibration exist in adulthood remains to be established. The present paper draws parallels between childhood (re)calibration periods and the perinatal period to hypothesize that this phase may be an additional window of stress recalibration in adult life. Specifically, the perinatal period (defined here to include pregnancy, lactation, and early parenthood) is also a developmental switch point characterized by heightened neural plasticity and marked changes in stress system function. After discussing these similarities, lines of empirical evidence needed to substantiate the perinatal stress recalibration hypothesis are proposed, and existing research support is reviewed. Complexities and challenges related to delineating the boundaries of perinatal stress recalibration and empirically testing this hypothesis are discussed, as well as possibilities for future multidisciplinary research. In the theme of this special issue, perinatal stress recalibration may be a mechanism of multilevel, multisystem risk, and resilience, both intra-individually and intergenerationally, with implications for optimizing interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariann A Howland
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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21
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Slabe Z, Balesar RA, Verwer RWH, Van Heerikhuize JJ, Pechler GA, Zorović M, Hoogendijk WJ, Swaab DF. Alterations in pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and comorbid depression in Alzheimer's disease in the human hypothalamus and prefrontal cortex. Psychol Med 2023; 53:7537-7549. [PMID: 37226771 PMCID: PMC10755247 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723001265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) is involved in the stress response and may play a key role in mood disorders, but no information is available on PACAP for the human brain in relation to mood disorders. METHODS PACAP-peptide levels were determined in a major stress-response site, the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), of people with major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD) and of a unique cohort of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with and without depression, all with matched controls. The expression of PACAP-(Adcyap1mRNA) and PACAP-receptors was determined in the MDD and BD patients by qPCR in presumed target sites of PACAP in stress-related disorders, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). RESULTS PACAP cell bodies and/or fibres were localised throughout the hypothalamus with differences between immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridisation. In the controls, PACAP-immunoreactivity-(ir) in the PVN was higher in women than in men. PVN-PACAP-ir was higher in male BD compared to the matched male controls. In all AD patients, the PVN-PACAP-ir was lower compared to the controls, but higher in AD depressed patients compared to those without depression. There was a significant positive correlation between the Cornell depression score and PVN-PACAP-ir in all AD patients combined. In the ACC and DLPFC, alterations in mRNA expression of PACAP and its receptors were associated with mood disorders in a differential way depending on the type of mood disorder, suicide, and psychotic features. CONCLUSION The results support the possibility that PACAP plays a role in mood disorder pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zala Slabe
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Toxicology, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rawien A. Balesar
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald W. H. Verwer
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joop J. Van Heerikhuize
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gwyneth A. Pechler
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Toxicology, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Zorović
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, Zaloška 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Witte J.G. Hoogendijk
- Erasmus University Medical Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dick F. Swaab
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Toxicology, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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22
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Liu Y, Zhao X, Hu W, Ren Y, Wei Z, Ren X, Tang Z, Wang N, Chen H, Li Y, Shi Z, Qin S, Yang J. Neural habituation during acute stress signals a blunted endocrine response and poor resilience. Psychol Med 2023; 53:7735-7745. [PMID: 37309913 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723001666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A blunted hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response to acute stress is associated with psychiatric symptoms. Although the prefrontal cortex and limbic areas are important regulators of the HPA axis, whether the neural habituation of these regions during stress signals both blunted HPA axis responses and psychiatric symptoms remains unclear. In this study, neural habituation during acute stress and its associations with the stress cortisol response, resilience, and depression were evaluated. METHODS Seventy-seven participants (17-22 years old, 37 women) were recruited for a ScanSTRESS brain imaging study, and the activation changes between the first and last stress blocks were used as the neural habituation index. Meanwhile, participants' salivary cortisol during test was collected. Individual-level resilience and depression were measured using questionnaires. Correlation and moderation analyses were conducted to investigate the association between neural habituation and endocrine data and mental symptoms. Validated analyses were conducted using a Montreal Image Stress Test dataset in another independent sample (48 participants; 17-22 years old, 24 women). RESULTS Neural habituation of the prefrontal cortex and limbic area was negatively correlated with cortisol responses in both datasets. In the ScanSTRESS paradigm, neural habituation was both positively correlated with depression and negatively correlated with resilience. Moreover, resilience moderated the relationship between neural habituation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and cortisol response. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that neural habituation of the prefrontal cortex and limbic area could reflect motivation dysregulation during repeated failures and negative feedback, which might further lead to maladaptive mental states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhao
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Weiyu Hu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yipeng Ren
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhenni Wei
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xi Ren
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zihan Tang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Haopeng Chen
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yizhuo Li
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhenhao Shi
- Center for Studies of Addiction, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shaozheng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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23
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Varghese N, Buergin D, Boonmann C, Stadler C, Schmid M, Eckert A, Unternaehrer E. Interplay between stress, sleep, and BDNF in a high-risk sample of young adults. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20524. [PMID: 37993570 PMCID: PMC10665413 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47726-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Children in institutional care have a high risk to experience childhood adversities (CAs), with consequences for physical and mental well-being. The long-term effects of CAs on the brain, including consequences for neuronal plasticity and sleep, are poorly understood. This study examined the interplay between stress (including CAs), sleep, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a prominent marker for neuronal plasticity. Participants (N = 131, mean age = 26.3±3.4 years, 40 females) with residential youth-care history completed questionnaires measuring CAs (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, CTQ), psychological well-being (World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index, WHO-5), and sleep disturbances (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory, PSQI). Hair cortisol and serum BDNF concentration were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The analyses were conducted by using bootstrap regression models. There was no association of stress parameters or sleep with BDNF concentration. However, we found a significant association of CAs and well-being with sleep disturbances. Last, we found an association between CAs and BDNF in sleep-healthy but not sleep-disturbed participants. Our findings indicated a role of sleep disturbance in the association between stress and BDNF. Still, further studies are warranted using vulnerable groups at-risk to understand long-term effects on mental health and sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimmy Varghese
- Research Cluster, Molecular & Cognitive Neuroscience, Division of Neurobiology, University of Basel, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- Neurobiology Lab for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Medical Faculty, Psychiatric University Clinics Basel, University of Basel, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Buergin
- Child and Adolescent Research Department, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel (UPK), University of Basel, Wilhelm Klein-Strasse 27, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cyril Boonmann
- Child and Adolescent Research Department, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel (UPK), University of Basel, Wilhelm Klein-Strasse 27, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- LUMC-Curium - Department of Child of Adolescent Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christina Stadler
- Child and Adolescent Research Department, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel (UPK), University of Basel, Wilhelm Klein-Strasse 27, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marc Schmid
- Child and Adolescent Research Department, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel (UPK), University of Basel, Wilhelm Klein-Strasse 27, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne Eckert
- Research Cluster, Molecular & Cognitive Neuroscience, Division of Neurobiology, University of Basel, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- Neurobiology Lab for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Medical Faculty, Psychiatric University Clinics Basel, University of Basel, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eva Unternaehrer
- Child and Adolescent Research Department, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel (UPK), University of Basel, Wilhelm Klein-Strasse 27, 4002, Basel, Switzerland.
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
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24
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Giglberger M, Peter HL, Henze GI, Kraus E, Bärtl C, Konzok J, Kreuzpointner L, Kirsch P, Kudielka BM, Wüst S. Neural responses to acute stress predict chronic stress perception in daily life over 13 months. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19990. [PMID: 37968323 PMCID: PMC10651906 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46631-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of amygdala, hippocampus, and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) for the integration of neural, endocrine, and affective stress processing was shown in healthy participants and patients with stress-related disorders. The present manuscript which reports on one study-arm of the LawSTRESS project, aimed at investigating the predictive value of acute stress responses in these regions for biopsychological consequences of chronic stress in daily life. The LawSTRESS project examined law students either in preparation for their first state examination (stress group [SG]) or in the mid-phase of their study program (control group [CG]) over 13 months. Ambulatory assessments comprising perceived stress measurements and the cortisol awakening response (CAR) were administered on six sampling points (t1 = - 1 year, t2 = - 3 months, t3 = - 1 week, t4 = exam, t5 = + 1 week, t6 = + 1 month). In a subsample of 124 participants (SG: 61; CG: 63), ScanSTRESS was applied at baseline. In the SG but not in the CG, amygdala, hippocampus, and (post-hoc analyzed) right mPFC activation changes during ScanSTRESS were significantly associated with the trajectory of perceived stress but not with the CAR. Consistent with our finding in the total LawSTRESS sample, a significant increase in perceived stress and a blunted CAR over time could be detected in the SG only. Our findings suggest that more pronounced activation decreases of amygdala, hippocampus, and mPFC in response to acute psychosocial stress at baseline were related to a more pronounced increase of stress in daily life over the following year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Giglberger
- Department of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hannah L Peter
- Department of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gina-Isabelle Henze
- Department of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kraus
- Department of Psychology, Computational Modeling in Psychology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Bärtl
- Department of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julian Konzok
- Department of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ludwig Kreuzpointner
- Department of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Kirsch
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Brigitte M Kudielka
- Department of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Wüst
- Department of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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25
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Lai CW, Chang CH. Pharmacological activation of the amygdala, but not single prolonged footshock-induced acute stress, interferes with cue-induced motivation toward food rewards in rats. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1252868. [PMID: 37781505 PMCID: PMC10538645 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1252868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In the face of threats, animals adapt their behaviors to cope with the situation. Under such circumstances, irrelevant behaviors are usually suppressed. In this study, we examined whether food-seeking motivation would decrease under activation of the amygdala, an important nucleus in the regulation of stress response in the central nervous system, or after a physical acute stress session. In Experiment 1, we pharmacologically activated the basolateral nucleus (BLA) or the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) before a cue-induced reinstatement test in rats. Our results showed that activation of the BLA or the CeA abolished cue-induced motivation toward food rewards, while locomotor activity and free food intake were not affected. In Experiments 2 and 3, we further assessed anxiety and despair levels, as well as cue-induced reinstatement, after a single prolonged footshock-induced acute stress in rats. Behaviorally, acute stress did not affect anxiety level, despair level, or cue-induced motivation toward food rewards. Physiologically, there was no difference in cellular activities of the amygdala immediately after acute stress. To conclude, our results suggested that pharmacological activation of the amygdala decreased cue-induced motivation toward food reward. However, physiological acute stress did not immediately interfere with the negative emotions, motivation, or amygdala activities of the animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Wen Lai
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chun-hui Chang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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26
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Canali S, De Marchi B, Aliverti A. Wearable Technologies and Stress: Toward an Ethically Grounded Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6737. [PMID: 37754597 PMCID: PMC10530607 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20186737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of digital technologies that can be worn on our bodies-wearables-is presented as a turning point for various areas of biomedical research and healthcare, such as stress. The ability to constantly measure these parameters, the perceived quality of measurement, and their individual and personal level frame wearable technology as a possibly crucial step in the direction of a more accurate and objective definition and measurement of stress for clinical, research, and personal purposes. In this paper, we discuss the hypothesis that the use of wearables for stress is also beneficial from an ethical viewpoint. We start by situating wearables in the context of existing methods and limitations of stress research. On this basis, we discuss the ethics of wearables for stress by applying ethical principles from bioethics (beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, justice), which allows us to identify ethical benefits as well as challenges in this context. As a result, we develop a more balanced view of the ethics of wearables for stress, which we use to present recommendations and indications with a focus on certification, accessibility, and inclusion. This article is, thus, a contribution towards ethically grounded wearable and digital health technology for stress.
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27
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Crawford H, Oliver C, Groves L, Bradley L, Smith K, Hogan A, Renshaw D, Waite J, Roberts J. Behavioural and physiological indicators of anxiety reflect shared and distinct profiles across individuals with neurogenetic syndromes. Psychiatry Res 2023; 326:115278. [PMID: 37285621 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety is heightened in individuals with intellectual disability, particularly in those with specific neurogenetic syndromes. Assessment of anxiety for these individuals is hampered by a lack of appropriate measures that cater for communication impairment, differences in presentation, and overlapping features with co-occurring conditions. Here, we adopt a multi-method approach to identify fine-grained behavioural and physiological (via salivary cortisol) responses to anxiety presses in people with fragile X (FXS; n = 27; Mage = 20.11 years; range 6.32 - 47.04 years) and Cornelia de Lange syndromes (CdLS; n = 27; Mage = 18.42 years; range 4.28 - 41.08 years), two neurogenetic groups at high risk for anxiety, compared to neurotypical children (NT; n = 21; Mage = 5.97 years; range 4.34 - 7.30 years). Results indicate that physical avoidance of feared stimuli and proximity seeking to a familiar adult are prominent behavioural indicators of anxiety/stress in FXS and CdLS. Heightened pervasive physiological arousal was identified in these groups via salivary cortisol. An association between autistic characteristics and anxiety was evident in the FXS group but not in the CdLS group pointing to syndrome-specific nuances in the association between anxiety and autism. This study furthers understanding of the behavioural and physiological presentation of anxiety in individuals with intellectual disability and progresses theoretical developments regarding the development and maintenance of anxiety at the intersection of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Crawford
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, United Kingdom.
| | - Chris Oliver
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Groves
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Bradley
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Kayla Smith
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, United Kingdom
| | - Abigail Hogan
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States
| | - Derek Renshaw
- Research Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Waite
- School of Psychology, Aston University, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Roberts
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States
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28
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Lepping KM, Bailey CP, Mavredes MN, Faro JM, Napolitano MA. Physical Activity, Stress, and Physically Active Stress Management Behaviors Among University Students With Overweight/Obesity. Am J Lifestyle Med 2023; 17:601-606. [PMID: 37426733 PMCID: PMC10328208 DOI: 10.1177/15598276211020688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Student physical activity is associated with lower stress. Research gaps remain regarding the types of stress management behaviors students use and how these behaviors are associated with students' activity levels. This study examined associations between physical activity and stress management behaviors among students (18-35 years). Students with overweight/obesity (n = 405) attending universities in 2 urban locations enrolled in a randomized controlled trial to promote healthy weight and completed the following baseline measurements: perceived stress, stress management behaviors, accelerometer-measured physical activity, and demographic characteristics. Perceived stress did not differ by physical activity status or race. A greater proportion of students meeting moderate-to-vigorous physical activity guidelines used physically active stress management behaviors compared to those not meeting guidelines (74% vs 56%; P = .006), and students using physically active stress management had lower stress scores (13.1 vs 15.5; P = .003). Among Black and White students only (n = 306), a greater proportion of White students used physically active stress management behaviors compared to Black students (77% vs 62%, P = .013). Results indicate differences in stress management behaviors by student activity level and race. During times of high stress, colleges/universities might support students by promoting stress management and physical activity in tandem, and tailoring messages to student activity levels and demographic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista M. Lepping
- The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC
| | - Caitlin P. Bailey
- The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC
| | - Meghan N. Mavredes
- The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC
- Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Jamie M. Faro
- The University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Melissa A. Napolitano
- The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC
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29
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Grootjen LN, Kerkhof GF, Juriaans AF, Trueba-Timmermans DJ, Hokken-Koelega ACS. Acute stress response of the HPA-axis in children with Prader-Willi syndrome: new insights and consequences for clinical practice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1146680. [PMID: 37288298 PMCID: PMC10242050 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1146680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is associated with hypothalamic dysfunction. It has been reported that the HPA axis might show a delayed response during acute stress, and it is unknown whether the response of the HPA-axis during acute stress changes with age in children with PWS. Aim To investigate the HPA-axis response during an overnight single-dose metyrapone (MTP) test in children with PWS and to assess if the response changes with age, whether it is delayed and if it changes with repeated testing over time. In addition, we evaluated different cut-off points of ACTH and 11-DOC levels to assess stress-related central adrenal insufficiency (CAI). Methods An overnight single-dose MTP test was performed in 93 children with PWS. Over time, 30 children had a second test and 11 children a third one. Children were divided into age groups (0-2 years, 2-4 years, 4-8 years and > 8 years). Results Most children did not have their lowest cortisol level at 7.30h, but at 04.00h. Their ACTH and 11-DOC peaks appeared several hours later, suggesting a delayed response. When evaluated according to a subnormal ACTH peak (13-33 pmol/L) more children had an subnormal response compared to evaluation based on a subnormal 11-doc peak (< 200 nmol/L). The percentage of children with a subnormal ACTH response ranged from 22.2 to 70.0% between the age groups, while the percentage of a subnormal 11-DOC response ranged from 7.7 to 20.6%. When using the ACTH peak for diagnosing acute-stress-related CAI, differences between age groups and with repeated testing over time were found, whereas there was no age difference when using the 11-DOC peak. Conclusion Early morning ACTH or 11-DOC levels are not appropriate to determine acute stress-related CAI in children with PWS, thus multiple measurements throughout the night are needed for an accurate interpretation. Our data suggest a delayed response of the HPA-axis during acute stress. Using the 11-DOC peak for the test interpretation is less age-dependent than the ACTH peak. Repeated testing of the HPA-axis over time is not required, unless clinically indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionne N. Grootjen
- Dutch Reference Center for Prader-Willi Syndrome, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gerthe F. Kerkhof
- Dutch Reference Center for Prader-Willi Syndrome, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alicia F. Juriaans
- Dutch Reference Center for Prader-Willi Syndrome, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Demi J. Trueba-Timmermans
- Dutch Reference Center for Prader-Willi Syndrome, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anita C. S. Hokken-Koelega
- Dutch Reference Center for Prader-Willi Syndrome, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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30
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Wang GY, Simkute D, Griskova-Bulanova I. Neurobiological Link between Stress and Gaming: A Scoping Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12093113. [PMID: 37176554 PMCID: PMC10179187 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on video gaming has been challenged by the way to properly measure individual play experience as a continuum, and current research primarily focuses on persons with gaming disorder based on the diagnostic criteria established in relation to substance use and gambling. To better capture the complexity and dynamic experience of gaming, an understanding of brain functional changes related to gaming is necessary. Based on the proinflammatory hypothesis of addiction, this scoping review was aiming to (1) survey the literature published since 2012 to determine how data pertinent to the measurement of stress response had been reported in video gaming studies and (2) clarify the link between gaming and stress response. Eleven studies were included in this review, and the results suggest that gaming could stimulate a stress-like physiological response, and the direction of this response is influenced by an individual's biological profile, history of gaming, and gaming content. Our findings highlight the need for future investigation of the stress-behaviour correlation in the context of gaming, and this will assist in understanding the biological mechanisms underlying game addiction and inform the potential targets for addiction-related proinflammatory research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Y Wang
- School of Psychology and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
- Centre of Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Dovile Simkute
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Centre, Vilnius University, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Inga Griskova-Bulanova
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Centre, Vilnius University, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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31
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Liang J, Yang X, Xiang T, Chen X, Ren Z, Wang X, Su J, Zhang Y, Liu QS, Qu G, Zhou Q, Jiang G. The perturbation of parabens on the neuroendocrine system in zebrafish larvae. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163593. [PMID: 37087015 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Parabens, as the synthetic preservatives, have caused universal environmental contamination and human exposure. Whether parabens could disturb neuroendocrine system was still ambiguous. In this study, the effects of four commonly-used parabens, i.e. methyl paraben (MeP), ethyl paraben (EtP), propyl paraben (PrP) and butyl paraben (BuP), were tested on the neuroendocrine system of zebrafish larvae by investigating the swimming behavior, the related hormones and biomarkers in the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis. The results showed that all test chemicals significantly reduced the swimming distance and mean velocity of zebrafish larvae. The adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels in zebrafish larvae were significantly increased, while the cortisol levels were obviously decreased by paraben exposure. The transcriptional analysis showed that the expressions of the target genes including gr, mr and crhr2 in the HPI axis were mostly down-regulated. The exploration of the initial molecular event showed that parabens could bind with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and trigger its transactivation, according to MDA-kb2 luciferase assay and molecular docking analysis. The interaction of parabens with the GR included the hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction. The findings herein revealed the potential deleterious effects of parabens on the neuroendocrine system of zebrafish larvae, thus accumulating the in vivo toxicological data on this kind of food preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xiaoxi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Tongtong Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xuanyue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiahui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuzhu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qian S Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qunfang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Ghasemi F, Abbasi K, Ghiasvand R, Clark CCT, Rouhani MH. The association between dietary acid load and risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a case-control study. Child Neuropsychol 2023; 29:474-485. [PMID: 35818308 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2022.2099536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Although previous studies have suggested that dietary acid load may be associated with mental health, the relationship between food-induced acid production and odds of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder remains (ADHD) unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between dietary renal acid load and odds of ADHD among children. A case-control study was designed to assess the data of 500 children aged 4 to 12 years (200 children with diagnosed ADHD and 300 control group). Patients were clinically diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-5th Edition criteria. Subjects in the control group did not have any history of chronic diseases and they were screened for the absence of ADHD. Dietary intake was assessed by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The odds of incident ADHD for each unit increase of potential acid load (PRAL) in the raw model showed ~9.8% (OR = 1.098, 95% CI: 1.072, 1.125, p < .001) higher odds of ADHD. In model 1, where age, gender, Body mass index (BMI), and socio-economic status were adjusted, the odds of ADHD was ~10.7% (OR = 1.107, 95% CI: 1.076, 1.140, p < .001). Also, in model 2 (model 1 in addition to energy) the odds was ~10.8% (OR = 1.108, 95% CI: 1.065, 1.152, p < .001). Findings of the present study suggest a possible relationship between oxidative stresses and odds of development of ADHD. Furthermore, the size of the odds ratio is small. It appears that dietary considerations are warranted in order to ameliorate the impact and/or incidence of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ghasemi
- Food Security Research Center and Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Abbasi
- Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Ghiasvand
- Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Mohammad Hossein Rouhani
- Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Casto KV, Prasad S, Josephs RA, Zilioli S, Welker K, Maslov A, Jones AC, Mehta PH. No Compelling Evidence that Self-Reported Personality Traits Explain Basal Testosterone and Cortisol’s Associations with Status-Relevant Behavior. ADAPTIVE HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s40750-023-00210-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
A goal of behavioral neuroendocrinology is to understand how basal hormone levels relate to behavior. Studies of human participants sometimes measure self-reported personality traits, in addition to or instead of direct behavioral observation. Although personality traits often predict their respective behaviors, whether personality explains hormone-behavior relationships remains unclear.
Methods
We obtained data from eight previous studies (total N = 985) that examined baseline testosterone and cortisol as predictors of status-relevant behavior (competitiveness, dominance, risk-taking, aggression, affiliation, and social status). We tested whether the previously reported hormone-behavior relationships are mediated by self-reported personality traits (e.g., trait dominance, prestige, extraversion). As a secondary research question, we also tested whether trait dominance moderated the testosterone-behavior relationships.
Results
As expected, self-reported personality traits often predicted status-relevant behaviors, but there was little evidence that traits also correlated with basal testosterone or the testosterone × cortisol interaction. Across all eight studies, personality traits did not significantly mediate hormone-behavior relationships. Indeed, the effect sizes of the hormone-behavior relationships were robust to the inclusion of personality traits as covariates. Further, we did not find strong or consistent evidence that trait dominance moderates the testosterone-behavior association.
Conclusion
Results suggest that basal testosterone and cortisol predict status-related behavior independent of self-reported personality. We discuss how these results may have broader implications for the physiological mechanisms by which testosterone and cortisol influence behavior, a process that could be unconscious and automatic. We also discuss alternative explanations, limitations, and future directions.
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Slayday RE, Bell TR, Lyons MJ, Warren , BA TS, Toomey R, Vandiver R, Sliwinski MJ, Kremen WS, Franz CE. Erectile Function, Sexual Satisfaction, and Cognitive Decline in Men From Midlife to Older Adulthood. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2023; 63:382-394. [PMID: 36194190 PMCID: PMC9960031 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnac151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Vascular theories of cognitive aging have focused on macrovascular changes and cognitive decline. However, according to the artery-size hypothesis, microvascular changes, such as those that underlie changes in erectile function, may also play an important role in contributing to cognitive decline. Thus, we examined associations between erectile function, sexual satisfaction, and cognition starting in middle age because this represents a transition period where declines in these areas emerge. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We examined 818 men from the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging across three waves at mean ages 56, 61, and 68. Erectile function and sexual satisfaction were measured using the International Index of Erectile Function. Cognitive performance was measured using factor scores for episodic memory, executive function, and processing speed. We tested multilevel models hierarchically, adjusting for demographics, frequency of sexual activity, and physical and mental health confounders to examine how changes in erectile function and sexual satisfaction related to changes in cognitive performance. RESULTS Lower erectile function at baseline was related to poorer performance in all cognitive domains at baseline and faster declines in processing speed over time. However, baseline sexual satisfaction was unrelated to cognitive performance. Decreases in erectile function and sexual satisfaction were both associated with memory decline. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Decreasing sexual health may signal an increased risk for cognitive decline. We discuss potential mechanisms, including microvascular changes and psychological distress. Discussing and tracking sexual health in middle-aged men may help to identify those likely to face memory decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riki E Slayday
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania,USA
| | - Tyler R Bell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Michael J Lyons
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Teresa S Warren , BA
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Rosemary Toomey
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard Vandiver
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Martin J Sliwinski
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania,USA
| | - William S Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Carol E Franz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Neuroendocrine and psychophysiological investigation of the evolutionary roots of gossip. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3117. [PMID: 36813906 PMCID: PMC9946955 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30126-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates an evolutionary hypothesis of gossip postulating that in humans it serves a similar function as social grooming in other primates. It examines whether gossip decreases physiological markers of stress and increases markers of positive emotionality and sociability. Dyads of friends (N = 66) recruited at the university, participated in an experiment where they experienced a stressor followed by social interaction (gossip or control task). Individual levels of salivary cortisol and [Formula: see text]-endorphins were assessed at before and after social interactions. Sympathetic activity and parasympathetic activity were monitored throughout the experiment. Individual differences in Tendency and Attitude towards Gossip were investigated as potential covariates. Gossip condition was characterized with increased sympathetic and parasympathetic activity, but did not differ in cortisol or [Formula: see text]-endorphins levels. However, high Tendency to Gossip was associated with decreases in cortisol. Gossip was shown to be more emotionally salient than non-social talk, but the evidence with regard to lowering stress was not sufficient to support an analogy to social grooming.
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Crouse JJ, LaMonica HM, Song YJC, Boulton KA, Rohleder C, DeMayo MM, Wilson CE, Loblay V, Hindmarsh G, Stratigos T, Krausz M, Foo N, Teo M, Hunter A, Guastella AJ, Banati RB, Troy J, Hickie IB. Designing an App for Parents and Caregivers to Promote Cognitive and Socioemotional Development and Well-being Among Children Aged 0 to 5 Years in Diverse Cultural Settings: Scientific Framework. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2023; 6:e38921. [PMID: 36780220 PMCID: PMC9972208 DOI: 10.2196/38921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen remarkable progress in our scientific understanding of early childhood social, emotional, and cognitive development, as well as our capacity to widely disseminate health information by using digital technologies. Together, these scientific and technological advances offer exciting opportunities to deliver high-quality information about early childhood development (ECD) to parents and families globally, which may ultimately lead to greater knowledge and confidence among parents and better outcomes among children (particularly in lower- and middle-income countries). With these potential benefits in mind, we set out to design, develop, implement, and evaluate a new parenting app-Thrive by Five-that will be available in 30 countries. The app will provide caregivers and families with evidence-based and culturally appropriate information about ECD, accompanied by sets of collective actions that go beyond mere tips for parenting practices. Herein, we describe this ongoing global project and discuss the components of our scientific framework for developing and prototyping the app's content. Specifically, we describe (1) 5 domains that are used to organize the content and goals of the app's information and associated practices; (2) 5 neurobiological systems that are relevant to ECD and can be behaviorally targeted to potentially influence social, emotional, and cognitive development; (3) our anthropological and cultural framework for learning about local contexts and appreciating decolonization perspectives; and (4) our approach to tailoring the app's content to local contexts, which involves collaboration with in-country partner organizations and local and international subject matter experts in ECD, education, medicine, psychology, and anthropology, among others. Finally, we provide examples of the content that was incorporated in Thrive by Five when it launched globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob J Crouse
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Haley M LaMonica
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Yun Ju Christine Song
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Kelsie A Boulton
- Clinic for Autism and Neurodevelopment Research, Brain and Mind Centre, Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Cathrin Rohleder
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marilena M DeMayo
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Chloe E Wilson
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Victoria Loblay
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, Menzies Centre for Health Policy, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gabrielle Hindmarsh
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Tina Stratigos
- Sydney School of Education and Social Work, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael Krausz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Adam J Guastella
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,Clinic for Autism and Neurodevelopment Research, Brain and Mind Centre, Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Richard B Banati
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jakelin Troy
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian B Hickie
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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De Wandel L, De Smet S, Pulopulos MM, Lemmens GMD, Hidalgo V, Salvador A, Vanderhasselt MA, Pruessner J, Baeken C. The effects of left dorsolateral prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation on episodic future thinking following acute psychosocial stress. Memory 2023; 31:380-392. [PMID: 36724995 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2022.2162083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research on stress-related disorders and brain imaging suggests that (acute) stress might impact the capacity to mentally simulate specific episodic future events (EFT) through the effects of cortisol on brain regions supporting this cognitive function, such as the prefrontal cortices. This study aims to examine the mechanisms underlying this link, using transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. METHODS 60 healthy participants were subjected to the Montreal Imaging Stress Task (MIST), followed by either active or sham tDCS. After stimulation, the EFT task was administered. Salivary cortisol was measured throughout the protocol. RESULTS Higher cortisol AUCi values were linked to less specific episodic future thoughts. Moreover, active tDCS enhanced EFT specificity irrespective of cortisol, especially in high trait ruminators. We did not observe an effect from active tDCS on cortisol AUCi, and equally there was no interaction effect between cortisol AUCi and stimulation condition predictive for EFT specificity. CONCLUSION Although we did not find evidence for the effects of tDCS on the HPA-system, our data reveal a crucial link between two critical predictors of mental health for the first time, and provide a solution to help rehabilitate EFT deficits.Trial registration: Netherlands National Trial Register identifier: ntr004..
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Affiliation(s)
- Linde De Wandel
- Department of Head and Skin - Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefanie De Smet
- Department of Head and Skin - Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matias M Pulopulos
- Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gilbert M D Lemmens
- Department of Head and Skin - Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Psychiatry, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Vanesa Hidalgo
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alicia Salvador
- Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marie-Anne Vanderhasselt
- Department of Head and Skin - Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jens Pruessner
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Chris Baeken
- Department of Head and Skin - Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Moses TE, Gray E, Mischel N, Greenwald MK. Effects of neuromodulation on cognitive and emotional responses to psychosocial stressors in healthy humans. Neurobiol Stress 2023; 22:100515. [PMID: 36691646 PMCID: PMC9860364 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Physiological and psychological stressors can exert wide-ranging effects on the human brain and behavior. Research has improved understanding of how the sympatho-adreno-medullary (SAM) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axes respond to stressors and the differential responses that occur depending on stressor type. Although the physiological function of SAM and HPA responses is to promote survival and safety, exaggerated psychobiological reactivity can occur in psychiatric disorders. Exaggerated reactivity may occur more for certain types of stressors, specifically, psychosocial stressors. Understanding stressor effects and how the body regulates these responses can provide insight into ways that psychobiological reactivity can be modulated. Non-invasive neuromodulation is one way that responding to stressors may be altered; research into these interventions may provide further insights into the brain circuits that modulate stress reactivity. This review focuses on the effects of acute psychosocial stressors and how neuromodulation might be effective in altering stress reactivity. Although considerable research into stress interventions focuses on treating pathology, it is imperative to first understand these mechanisms in non-clinical populations; therefore, this review will emphasize populations with no known pathology and consider how these results may translate to those with psychiatric pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mark K. Greenwald
- Corresponding author. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Tolan Park Medical Building, 3901 Chrysler Service Drive, Suite 2A, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
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Kuhn L, Noack H, Wagels L, Prothmann A, Schulik A, Aydin E, Nieratschker V, Derntl B, Habel U. Sex-dependent multimodal response profiles to psychosocial stress. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:583-596. [PMID: 35238348 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sex differences in stress reactions are often reported in the literature. However, the sex-dependent interplay of different facets of stress is still not fully understood. Particularly in neuroimaging research, studies on large samples combining different indicators of stress remain scarce. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a functional magnetic resonance imaging study, a sample of 140 healthy participants (67 females using oral contraceptives) underwent a standardized stress induction protocol, the ScanSTRESS. During the experiment, salivary cortisol and subjective ratings were obtained at multiple time points and heart rate was recorded. RESULTS Sex differences emerged in different facets of the stress response:Women reacted with enhanced subjective feelings of stress and increases in heart rate, while men showed more pronounced neural activation in stress-related brain regions such as the inferior frontal gyrus and insula. Subjective feelings of stress and (para) hippocampal activity were negatively related in women,whereas a slightly positive association was observed in men. DISCUSSION These results provide further insight in the sex-specific stress response patterns. Moreover, they emphasize the role of the hippocampus in the regulation of the stress response. This paves the way for the identification of sex-dependent vulnerability factors that can, in the future, be implemented in the prevention and treatment of stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandra Kuhn
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraβe 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Hannes Noack
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Tübingen, Calwerstraβe 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lisa Wagels
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraβe 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine: JARA-Institute Brain Structure Function Relationship (INM 10), Research Center Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straβe, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Anna Prothmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraβe 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Anna Schulik
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraβe 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ece Aydin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical (Bio-)Analysis, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, (Haus B), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vanessa Nieratschker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Tübingen, Calwerstraβe 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 25, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Derntl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Tübingen, Calwerstraβe 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 25, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,Lead Research Network, University of Tübingen, Europastraβe 6, 72072 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ute Habel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraβe 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine: JARA-Institute Brain Structure Function Relationship (INM 10), Research Center Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straβe, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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Kim EG, Chang W, Shin S, Adhikari AS, Seol GH, Song DY, Min SS. Maternal separation in mice leads to anxiety-like/aggressive behavior and increases immunoreactivity for glutamic acid decarboxylase and parvalbumin in the adolescence ventral hippocampus. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 27:113-125. [PMID: 36575939 PMCID: PMC9806646 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2023.27.1.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that stressful events in early life influence behavior in adulthood and are associated with different psychiatric disorders, such as major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder, and anxiety disorder. Maternal separation (MS) is a representative animal model for reproducing childhood stress. It is used as an animal model for depression, and has well-known effects, such as increasing anxiety behavior and causing abnormalities in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This study investigated the effect of MS on anxiety or aggression-like behavior and the number of GABAergic neurons in the hippocampus. Mice were separated from their dams for four hours per day for 19 d from postnatal day two. Elevated plus maze (EPM) test, resident-intruder (RI) test, and counted glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67) or parvalbumin (PV) positive cells in the hippocampus were executed using immunohistochemistry. The maternal segregation group exhibited increased anxiety and aggression in the EPM test and the RI test. GAD67-positive neurons were increased in the hippocampal regions we observed: dentate gyrus (DG), CA3, CA1, subiculum, presubiculum, and parasubiculum. PV-positive neurons were increased in the DG, CA3, presubiculum, and parasubiculum. Consistent with behavioral changes, corticosterone was increased in the MS group, suggesting that the behavioral changes induced by MS were expressed through the effect on the HPA axis. Altogether, MS alters anxiety and aggression levels, possibly through alteration of cytoarchitecture and output of the ventral hippocampus that induces the dysfunction of the HPA axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eu-Gene Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35233, Korea
| | - Wonseok Chang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35233, Korea
| | - SangYep Shin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35233, Korea,Department of Neural Development and Disease, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Korea
| | - Anjana Silwal Adhikari
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35233, Korea
| | - Geun Hee Seol
- Department of Basic Nursing Science, Korea University School of Nursing, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Dae-Yong Song
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35233, Korea,Correspondence Dae-Yong Song, E-mail: , Sun Seek Min, E-mail:
| | - Sun Seek Min
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35233, Korea,Correspondence Dae-Yong Song, E-mail: , Sun Seek Min, E-mail:
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Pérez-Castillo ÍM, Rueda R, Bouzamondo H, López-Chicharro J, Mihic N. Biomarkers of post-match recovery in semi-professional and professional football (soccer). Front Physiol 2023; 14:1167449. [PMID: 37113691 PMCID: PMC10126523 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1167449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
High-level football (soccer) players face intense physical demands that result in acute and residual fatigue, impairing their physical performance in subsequent matches. Further, top-class players are frequently exposed to match-congested periods where sufficient recovery times are not achievable. To evaluate training and recovery strategies, the monitoring of players' recovery profiles is crucial. Along with performance and neuro-mechanical impairments, match-induced fatigue causes metabolic disturbances denoted by changes in chemical analytes that can be quantified in different body fluids such as blood, saliva, and urine, thus acting as biomarkers. The monitoring of these molecules might supplement performance, neuromuscular and cognitive measurements to guide coaches and trainers during the recovery period. The present narrative review aims to comprehensively review the scientific literature on biomarkers of post-match recovery in semi-professional and professional football players as well as provide an outlook on the role that metabolomic studies might play in this field of research. Overall, no single gold-standard biomarker of match-induced fatigue exists, and a range of metabolites are available to assess different aspects of post-match recovery. The use of biomarker panels might be suitable to simultaneously monitoring these broad physiological processes, yet further research on fluctuations of different analytes throughout post-match recovery is warranted. Although important efforts have been made to address the high interindividual heterogeneity of available markers, limitations inherent to these markers might compromise the information they provide to guide recovery protocols. Further research on metabolomics might benefit from evaluating the long-term recovery period from a high-level football match to shed light upon new biomarkers of post-match recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - José López-Chicharro
- Real Madrid, Medical Services, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: José López-Chicharro,
| | - Niko Mihic
- Real Madrid, Medical Services, Madrid, Spain
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Man ISC, Shao R, Hou WK, Xin Li S, Liu FY, Lee M, Wing YK, Yau SY, Lee TMC. Multi-systemic evaluation of biological and emotional responses to the Trier Social Stress Test: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Front Neuroendocrinol 2023; 68:101050. [PMID: 36410619 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2022.101050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Humans experience multiple biological and emotional changes under acute stress. Adopting a multi-systemic approach, we summarized 61 studies on healthy people's endocrinological, physiological, immunological and emotional responses to the Trier Social Stress Test. We found salivary cortisol and negative mood states were the most sensitive markers to acute stress and recovery. Biomarkers such as heart rate and salivary alpha-amylase also showed sensitivity to acute stress, but the numbers of studies were small. Other endocrinological (e.g., dehydroepiandrosterone), inflammatory (C-Reactive Protein, Interleukin-6) and physiological (e.g., skin conductance level) measures received modest support as acute stress markers. Salivary cortisol showed some associations with mood measures (e.g., state anxiety) during acute stress and recovery, and heart rate showed preliminary positive relationship with calmness ratings during response to TSST, but the overall evidence was mixed. While further research is needed, these findings provide updated and comprehensive knowledge on the integrated psychobiological response profiles to TSST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idy S C Man
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Robin Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Affective Disorders, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - W K Hou
- Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Centre for Psychosocial Health, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shirley Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Sleep Research Clinic and Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fiona Yan Liu
- Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Maggy Lee
- Department of Sociology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yun Kwok Wing
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Suk-Yu Yau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; Mental Health Research Center, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Tatia M C Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Leaves of Cedrela sinensis Attenuate Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress-Induced Depression-like Behavior via Regulation of Hormonal and Inflammatory Imbalance. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122448. [PMID: 36552656 PMCID: PMC9774296 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of ethyl acetate fraction from Cedrela sinensis (EFCS) against chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced behavioral dysfunction and stress response in C57BL/6 mice. The physiological compounds of EFCS were identified as rutin, isoquercitrin, ethyl gallate, quercitrin, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, and ethyl digallate, using UPLC-Q-TOF/MSE. To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of EFCS, H2O2- and corticosterone-induced neuronal cell viability was conducted in human neuroblastoma MC-IXC cells. It was found that EFCS alleviated depression-like behavior by conducting the sucrose preference test (SPT), forced swimming test (FST), open field test (OFT), and tail suspension test (TST). EFCS inhibited mitochondrial dysfunction related to neuronal energy metabolism by regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and ATP contents in brain tissue. In addition, the administration of EFCS regulated the stress hormones in serum. EFCS regulated stress-related indicators such as CRF, ACTH, CYP11B1, and BDNF. Moreover, EFCS downregulated the inflammatory responses and apoptosis proteins such as caspase-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, p-JNK, BAX, and p-tau in brain tissues. These results suggest that EFCS might be a potential natural plant material that alleviates CUMS-induced behavior disorder by regulating inflammation in brain tissue against CUMS-induced depression.
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Luthra NS, Clow A, Corcos DM. The Interrelated Multifactorial Actions of Cortisol and Klotho: Potential Implications in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. Brain Sci 2022; 12:1695. [PMID: 36552155 PMCID: PMC9775285 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12121695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is complex, multilayered, and not fully understood, resulting in a lack of effective disease-modifying treatments for this prevalent neurodegenerative condition. Symptoms of PD are heterogenous, including motor impairment as well as non-motor symptoms such as depression, cognitive impairment, and circadian disruption. Aging and stress are important risk factors for PD, leading us to explore pathways that may either accelerate or protect against cellular aging and the detrimental effects of stress. Cortisol is a much-studied hormone that can disrupt mitochondrial function and increase oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which are recognized as key underlying disease mechanisms in PD. The more recently discovered klotho protein, considered a general aging-suppressor, has a similarly wide range of actions but in the opposite direction to cortisol: promoting mitochondrial function while reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Both hormones also converge on pathways of vitamin D metabolism and insulin resistance, also implicated to play a role in PD. Interestingly, aging, stress and PD associate with an increase in cortisol and decrease in klotho, while physical exercise and certain genetic variations lead to a decrease in cortisol response and increased klotho. Here, we review the interrelated opposite actions of cortisol and klotho in the pathogenesis of PD. Together they impact powerful and divergent mechanisms that may go on to influence PD-related symptoms. Better understanding of these hormones in PD would facilitate the design of effective interventions that can simultaneously impact the multiple systems involved in the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nijee S. Luthra
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94127, USA
| | - Angela Clow
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1B 2HW, UK
| | - Daniel M. Corcos
- Department of Physical Therapy & Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60208, USA
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Nardelli M, Greco A, Sebastiani L, Scilingo EP. ComEDA: A new tool for stress assessment based on electrodermal activity. Comput Biol Med 2022; 150:106144. [PMID: 36215850 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.106144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Non-specific sympathetic arousal responses to different stressful elicitations can be easily recognized from the analysis of physiological signals. However, neural patterns of sympathetic arousal during physical and mental fatigue are clearly not unitary. In the context of physiological monitoring through wearable and non-invasive devices, electrodermal activity (EDA) is the most effective and widely used marker of sympathetic activation. This study presents ComEDA, a novel approach for the characterization of complex dynamics of EDA. ComEDA overcomes the methodological limitations related to the application of nonlinear analysis to EDA dynamics, is not parameter-sensitive and is suitable for the analysis of ultra-short time series. We validated the proposed algorithm using synthetic series of white noise and 1/f noise, varying the number of samples from 50 to 5000. By applying our approach, we were able to discriminate a statistically significant increase of complexity in the 1/f noise with respect to white noise, obtaining p-values in the range [4.35 × 10-6, 0.03] after the Mann-Whitney test. Then, we tested ComEDA on both EDA signal and its tonic and phasic components, acquired from healthy subjects during four experimental protocols: two inducing a sympathetic activation through physical efforts and two based on mentally stressful tasks. Results are encouraging and promising, outperforming state of the art metrics such as the Sample Entropy. ComEDA shows good performance not only in discriminating between stressful tasks and resting state (p-value < 0.01 after the Wilcoxon non-parametric statistical test applied to EDA signals of all the four datasets), but also in differentiating different trends of complexity of EDA dynamics when induced by physical and mental stressors. These findings suggest future applications to automatically detect and selectively identify threats due to overwhelming stress impacting both physical and mental health or in the field of telemedicine to monitor autonomic diseases correlated to atypical sympathetic activation. The Matlab code implementing the ComEDA algorithm is available online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimma Nardelli
- Bioengineering and Robotics Research Centre E. Piaggio and Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, Pisa, 56122, Italy.
| | - Alberto Greco
- Bioengineering and Robotics Research Centre E. Piaggio and Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| | - Laura Sebastiani
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, via Paolo Savi 10, Pisa, 56126, Italy
| | - Enzo Pasquale Scilingo
- Bioengineering and Robotics Research Centre E. Piaggio and Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, Pisa, 56122, Italy
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Sartin-Tarm A, Lorenz T. Sexual Trauma Moderates Hormonal Mediators of Women’s Sexual Function. CURRENT SEXUAL HEALTH REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11930-022-00337-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Gimsa U, Brückmann R, Tuchscherer A, Tuchscherer M, Kanitz E. Early-life maternal deprivation affects the mother-offspring relationship in domestic pigs, as well as the neuroendocrine development and coping behavior of piglets. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:980350. [PMID: 36275850 PMCID: PMC9582528 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.980350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-life adversity may have programming effects on the psychological and physiological development of offspring. Domestic pigs (Sus scrofa) are an excellent model species for studying these effects because of their many physiological similarities to humans. Piglets from 10 sows were subjected to daily 2-h maternal deprivation on postnatal days (PND) 2–15 alone (DA) or in a group of littermates (DG). Control piglets (C) from 10 sows stayed with their mothers. Mother-offspring interaction, milk oxytocin, and cortisol were analyzed. An open-field/novel-object (OF/NO) test was performed with piglets on PNDs 16 and 40. Plasma cortisol and immune parameters were determined on PND 5 and 16. Two piglets from each group and sow were sacrificed on PND 20 and stress-related gene expression in the limbic system and prefrontal cortex (PFC), as well as splenic lymphocyte proliferative abilities, were examined. The milk cortisol of sows increased during the first separation of mother and offspring on the second day of lactation, whereas milk oxytocin did not change. The increase in cortisol by the OF/NO test on PND 16 was greater in C piglets than in DA and DG ones. DA piglets showed less agitated behavior than DG and C piglets in the OF/NO test at PND 16, but appeared more fearful. On PND 40, DA piglets showed more arousal than DG and C piglets in the OF/NO test. Neither plasma IgA nor N/L ratios in blood nor mitogen-induced proliferation of spleen lymphocytes were affected by deprivation. We found a higher mRNA expression of CRHR1 in the hypothalamus and a higher expression of MR in the hippocampus in DA piglets than in DG ones. The expression of GR, MR, and CRHR1 genes in the PFC was reduced by maternal deprivation, however, the expression of arginine vasopressin and oxytocin receptors was not affected. Repeated maternal deprivation induces sustained effects on stress reactivity and behavior of domestic piglets. Some of these effects were buffered by the presence of littermates. In addition, we found sex-specific differences in behavior and gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Gimsa
- Psychophysiology Group, Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
- *Correspondence: Ulrike Gimsa,
| | - Roberto Brückmann
- Psychophysiology Group, Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
- EUROIMMUN Medizinische Labordiagnostika AG, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Armin Tuchscherer
- Service Group Statistical Consulting, Institute of Genetics and Biometry, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Margret Tuchscherer
- Psychophysiology Group, Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Ellen Kanitz
- Psychophysiology Group, Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
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Bounoua N, Miglin R, Spielberg JM, Johnson CL, Sadeh N. Childhood trauma moderates morphometric associations between orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala: implications for pathological personality traits. Psychol Med 2022; 52:2578-2587. [PMID: 33261695 PMCID: PMC8319917 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720004468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has demonstrated that chronic stress exposure early in development can lead to detrimental alterations in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)-amygdala circuit. However, the majority of this research uses functional neuroimaging methods, and thus the extent to which childhood trauma corresponds to morphometric alterations in this limbic-cortical network has not yet been investigated. This study had two primary objectives: (i) to test whether anatomical associations between OFC-amygdala differed between adults as a function of exposure to chronic childhood assaultive trauma and (ii) to test how these environment-by-neurobiological effects relate to pathological personality traits. METHODS Participants were 137 ethnically diverse adults (48.1% female) recruited from the community who completed a clinical diagnostic interview, a self-report measure of pathological personality traits, and anatomical MRI scans. RESULTS Findings revealed that childhood trauma moderated bilateral OFC-amygdala volumetric associations. Specifically, adults with childhood trauma exposure showed a positive association between medial OFC volume and amygdalar volume, whereas adults with no childhood exposure showed the negative OFC-amygdala structural association observed in prior research with healthy samples. Examination of the translational relevance of trauma-related alterations in OFC-amygdala volumetric associations for disordered personality traits revealed that trauma exposure moderated the association of OFC volume with antagonistic and disinhibited phenotypes, traits characteristic of Cluster B personality disorders. CONCLUSIONS The OFC-amygdala circuit is a potential anatomical pathway through which early traumatic experiences perpetuate emotional dysregulation into adulthood and confer risk for personality pathology. Results provide novel evidence of divergent neuroanatomical pathways to similar personality phenotypes depending on early trauma exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Bounoua
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, 108 Wolf Hall, Newark, 19716, DE, USA
| | - Rickie Miglin
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, 108 Wolf Hall, Newark, 19716, DE, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Spielberg
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, 108 Wolf Hall, Newark, 19716, DE, USA
| | - Curtis L Johnson
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, 108 Wolf Hall, Newark, 19716, DE, USA
| | - Naomi Sadeh
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, 108 Wolf Hall, Newark, 19716, DE, USA
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Roberts AG, Peckins MK, Gard AM, Hein TC, Hardi FA, Mitchell C, Monk CS, Hyde LW, Lopez-Duran NL. Amygdala reactivity during socioemotional processing and cortisol reactivity to a psychosocial stressor. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 144:105855. [PMID: 35835021 PMCID: PMC10485794 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Threat-related amygdala reactivity and the activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis have been linked to negative psychiatric outcomes. The amygdala and HPA axis have bidirectional connections, suggesting that functional variation in one system may influence the other. However, research on the functional associations between these systems has demonstrated mixed findings, potentially due to small sample sizes and cortisol sampling and data analytic procedures that investigate only pre-post differences in cortisol rather than the specific phases of the cortisol stress response. Further, previous research has primarily utilized samples of adults of mostly European descent, limiting generalizability to those of other ethnoracial identities and ages. Therefore, studies addressing these limitations are needed in order to investigate the functional relations between amygdala reactivity to threat and HPA axis stress responsivity. Using a sample of 159 adolescents from a diverse cohort (75% African American, ages 15-17 years), the present study evaluated associations between amygdala reactivity during socioemotional processing using fMRI and HPA axis reactivity to a socially-evaluative cold pressor task. Greater amygdala activation to fearful and neutral faces was associated with greater cortisol peak values and steeper activation slope. As cortisol peak values and cortisol activation slope capture the intensity of the cortisol stress response, these data suggest that greater activation of the amygdala in response to social distress and ambiguity among adolescents may be related to hyper-reactivity of the HPA axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea G Roberts
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Pritzker Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Arianna M Gard
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience and Cognitive Neuroscience Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Tyler C Hein
- TRAILS to Wellness, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Felicia A Hardi
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Colter Mitchell
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Christopher S Monk
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Luke W Hyde
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Maternal Childhood Maltreatment Is Associated With Lower Infant Gray Matter Volume and Amygdala Volume During the First Two Years of Life. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 2:440-449. [PMID: 36324649 PMCID: PMC9616256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood maltreatment affects approximately 25% of the world's population. Importantly, the children of mothers who have been maltreated are at increased risk of behavioral problems. Thus, one important priority is to identify child neurobiological processes associated with maternal childhood maltreatment (MCM) that might contribute to such intergenerational transmission. This study assessed the impact of MCM on infant gray and white matter volumes and infant amygdala and hippocampal volumes during the first 2 years of life. Methods Fifty-seven mothers with 4-month-old infants were assessed for MCM, using both the brief Adverse Childhood Experiences screening questionnaire and the more detailed Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure scale. A total of 58% had experienced childhood maltreatment. Between 4 and 24 months (age in months: mean = 12.28, SD = 5.99), under natural sleep, infants completed a magnetic resonance imaging scan using a 3T Siemens scanner. Total brain volume, gray matter volume, white matter volume, and amygdala and hippocampal volumes were extracted via automated segmentation. Results MCM on the Adverse Childhood Experiences and Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure scales were associated with lower infant total brain volume and gray matter volume, with no moderation by infant age. However, infant age moderated the association between MCM and right amygdala volume, such that MCM was associated with lower volume at older ages. Conclusions MCM is associated with alterations in infant brain volumes, calling for further identification of the prenatal and postnatal mechanisms contributing to such intergenerational transmission. Furthermore, the brief Adverse Childhood Experiences questionnaire predicted these alterations, suggesting the potential utility of early screening for infant risk.
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