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Dias I, Kollarik S, Siegel M, Baumann CR, Moreira CG, Noain D. Novel murine closed-loop auditory stimulation paradigm elicits macrostructural sleep benefits in neurodegeneration. J Sleep Res 2024:e14316. [PMID: 39223830 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Boosting slow-wave activity (SWA) by modulating slow waves through closed-loop auditory stimulation (CLAS) might provide a powerful non-pharmacological tool to investigate the link between sleep and neurodegeneration. Here, we established mouse CLAS (mCLAS)-mediated SWA enhancement and explored its effects on sleep deficits in neurodegeneration, by targeting the up-phase of slow waves in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD, Tg2576) and Parkinson's disease (PD, M83). We found that tracking a 2 Hz component of slow waves leads to highest precision of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep detection in mice, and that its combination with a 30° up-phase target produces a significant 15-30% SWA increase from baseline in wild-type (WTAD) and transgenic (TGAD) mice versus a mock stimulation group. Conversely, combining 2 Hz with a 40° phase target yields a significant increase ranging 30-35% in WTPD and TGPD mice. Interestingly, these phase-target-triggered SWA increases are not genotype dependent but strain specific. Sleep alterations that may contribute to disease progression and burden were described in AD and PD lines. Notably, pathological sleep traits were rescued by mCLAS, which elicited a 14% decrease of pathologically heightened NREM sleep fragmentation in TGAD mice, accompanied by a steep decrease in microarousal events during both light and dark periods. Overall, our results indicate that model-tailored phase targeting is key to modulate SWA through mCLAS, prompting the acute alleviation of key neurodegeneration-associated sleep phenotypes and potentiating sleep regulation and consolidation. Further experiments assessing the long-term effect of mCLAS in neurodegeneration may majorly impact the establishment of sleep-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Dias
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sedef Kollarik
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Michelle Siegel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Christian R Baumann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Schlieren, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
- Center of Competence Sleep and Health, University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carlos G Moreira
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Noain
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Schlieren, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ), University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
- Center of Competence Sleep and Health, University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
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2
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Huwiler S, Ferster ML, Brogli L, Huber R, Karlen W, Lustenberger C. Sleep and cardiac autonomic modulation in older adults: Insights from an at-home study with auditory deep sleep stimulation. J Sleep Res 2024:e14328. [PMID: 39223793 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The autonomic nervous system regulates cardiovascular activity during sleep, likely impacting cardiovascular health. Aging, a primary cardiovascular risk factor, is associated with cardiac autonomic disbalance and diminished sleep slow waves. Therefore, slow waves may be linked to aging, autonomic activity and cardiovascular health. However, it is unclear how sleep and slow waves are linked to cardiac autonomic profiles across multiple nights in older adults. We conducted a randomized, crossover trial involving healthy adults aged 62-78 years. Across 2 weeks, we applied auditory stimulation to enhance slow waves and compared it with a SHAM period. We measured sleep parameters using polysomnography and derived heart rate, heart rate variability approximating parasympathetic activity, and blood pulse wave approximating sympathetic activity from a wearable. Here, we report the results of 14 out of 33 enrolled participants, and show that heart rate, heart rate variability and blood pulse wave within sleep stages differ between the first and second half of sleep. Furthermore, baseline slow-wave activity was related to cardiac autonomic activity profiles during sleep. Moreover, we found auditory stimulation to reduce heart rate variability, while heart rate and blood pulse wave remained unchanged. Lastly, within subjects, higher heart rate coincided with increased slow-wave activity, indicating enhanced autonomic activation when slow waves are pronounced. Our study shows the potential of cardiac autonomic markers to offer insights into participants' baseline slow-wave activity when recorded over multiple nights. Furthermore, we highlight that averaging cardiac autonomic parameters across a night may potentially mask dynamic effects of auditory stimulation, potentially playing a role in maintaining a healthy cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Huwiler
- Neural Control of Movement Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Laura Ferster
- Mobile Health Systems Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luzius Brogli
- Mobile Health Systems Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reto Huber
- Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ), University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center of Competence Sleep & Health Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Child Development Centre, University Children's Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Walter Karlen
- Mobile Health Systems Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center of Competence Sleep & Health Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Caroline Lustenberger
- Neural Control of Movement Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ), University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center of Competence Sleep & Health Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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3
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Leach S, Krugliakova E, Sousouri G, Snipes S, Skorucak J, Schühle S, Müller M, Ferster ML, Da Poian G, Karlen W, Huber R. Acoustically evoked K-complexes together with sleep spindles boost verbal declarative memory consolidation in healthy adults. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19184. [PMID: 39160150 PMCID: PMC11333484 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67701-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, phase-targeted auditory stimulation (PTAS), a neuromodulation approach which presents auditory stimuli locked to the ongoing phase of slow waves during sleep, has shown potential to enhance specific aspects of sleep functions. However, the complexity of PTAS responses complicates the establishment of causality between specific electroencephalographic events and observed benefits. Here, we used down-PTAS during sleep to specifically evoke the early, K-complex (KC)-like response following PTAS without leading to a sustained increase in slow-wave activity throughout the stimulation window. Over the course of two nights, one with down-PTAS, the other without, high-density electroencephalography (hd-EEG) was recorded from 14 young healthy adults. The early response exhibited striking similarities to evoked KCs and was associated with improved verbal memory consolidation via stimulus-evoked spindle events nested into the up-phase of ongoing 1 Hz waves in a central region. These findings suggest that the early, KC-like response is sufficient to boost memory, potentially by orchestrating aspects of the hippocampal-neocortical dialogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Leach
- Child Development Centre and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elena Krugliakova
- Child Development Centre and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Georgia Sousouri
- Child Development Centre and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Mobile Health Systems Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Snipes
- Child Development Centre and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jelena Skorucak
- Child Development Centre and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Selina Schühle
- Child Development Centre and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Müller
- Child Development Centre and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Laura Ferster
- Mobile Health Systems Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giulia Da Poian
- Sensory-Motor Systems Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Walter Karlen
- Mobile Health Systems Lab, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Computer Science and Psychology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Reto Huber
- Child Development Centre and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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4
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van der Heijden AC, van der Werf YD, van den Heuvel OA, Talamini LM, van Marle HJF. Targeted memory reactivation to augment treatment in post-traumatic stress disorder. Curr Biol 2024; 34:3735-3746.e5. [PMID: 39116885 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder with traumatic memories at its core. Post-treatment sleep may offer a unique time window to increase therapeutic efficacy through consolidation of therapeutically modified traumatic memories. Targeted memory reactivation (TMR) enhances memory consolidation by presenting reminder cues (e.g., sounds associated with a memory) during sleep. Here, we applied TMR in PTSD patients to strengthen therapeutic memories during sleep after one treatment session with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). PTSD patients received either slow oscillation (SO) phase-targeted TMR, using modeling-based closed-loop neurostimulation (M-CLNS) with EMDR clicks as a reactivation cue (n = 17), or sham stimulation (n = 16). Effects of TMR on sleep were assessed through high-density polysomnography. Effects on treatment outcome were assessed through subjective, autonomic, and fMRI responses to script-driven imagery (SDI) of the targeted traumatic memory and overall PTSD symptom level. Compared to sham stimulation, TMR led to stimulus-locked increases in SO and spindle dynamics, which correlated positively with PTSD symptom reduction in the TMR group. Given the role of SOs and spindles in memory consolidation, these findings suggest that TMR may have strengthened the consolidation of the EMDR-treatment memory. Clinically, TMR vs. sham stimulation resulted in a larger reduction of avoidance level during SDI. TMR did not disturb sleep or trigger nightmares. Together, these data provide first proof of principle that TMR may be a safe and viable future treatment augmentation strategy for PTSD. The required follow-up studies may implement multi-night TMR or TMR during REM sleep to further establish the clinical effect of TMR for traumatic memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C van der Heijden
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department Anatomy & Neuroscience, Boelelaan 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Psychiatry, Oldenaller 1081 HJ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Mood Anxiety Psychosis Stress Sleep, Boelelaan 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands; University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychology, Brain & Cognition, Nieuwe Achtergracht 1018 WS Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ysbrand D van der Werf
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department Anatomy & Neuroscience, Boelelaan 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity and Attention, Boelelaan 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Odile A van den Heuvel
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department Anatomy & Neuroscience, Boelelaan 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Psychiatry, Oldenaller 1081 HJ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity and Attention, Boelelaan 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lucia M Talamini
- University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychology, Brain & Cognition, Nieuwe Achtergracht 1018 WS Amsterdam, the Netherlands; University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Brain and Cognition, Nieuwe Achtergracht 1001 NK Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hein J F van Marle
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Psychiatry, Oldenaller 1081 HJ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Mood Anxiety Psychosis Stress Sleep, Boelelaan 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands; GGZ inGeest Mental Health Care, Oldenaller 1081 HJ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ARQ National Psychotrauma Center, Nienoord 1112 XE Diemen, the Netherlands.
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5
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Brignol A, Paas A, Sotelo-Castro L, St-Onge D, Beltrame G, Coffey EBJ. Overcoming boundaries: Interdisciplinary challenges and opportunities in cognitive neuroscience. Neuropsychologia 2024; 200:108903. [PMID: 38750788 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Cognitive neuroscience has considerable untapped potential to translate our understanding of brain function into applications that maintain, restore, or enhance human cognition. Complex, real-world phenomena encountered in daily life, professional contexts, and in the arts, can also be a rich source of information for better understanding cognition, which in turn can lead to advances in knowledge and health outcomes. Interdisciplinary work is needed for these bi-directional benefits to be realized. Our cognitive neuroscience team has been collaborating on several interdisciplinary projects: hardware and software development for brain stimulation, measuring human operator state in safety-critical robotics environments, and exploring emotional regulation in actors who perform traumatic narratives. Our approach is to study research questions of mutual interest in the contexts of domain-specific applications, using (and sometimes improving) the experimental tools and techniques of cognitive neuroscience. These interdisciplinary attempts are described as case studies in the present work to illustrate non-trivial challenges that come from working across traditional disciplinary boundaries. We reflect on how obstacles to interdisciplinary work can be overcome, with the goals of enriching our understanding of human cognition and amplifying the positive effects cognitive neuroscientists have on society and innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Brignol
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Computer and Software Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Anita Paas
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ecole de Technologie Supérieure (ETS), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - David St-Onge
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ecole de Technologie Supérieure (ETS), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Giovanni Beltrame
- Department of Computer and Software Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Emily B J Coffey
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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6
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Van den Bulcke L, Davidoff H, Heremans E, Potts Y, Vansteelandt K, De Vos M, Christiaens D, Emsell L, Jacobson LH, Hoyer D, Buyse B, Vandenbulcke M, Testelmans D, Van Den Bossche M. Acoustic Stimulation to Improve Slow-Wave Sleep in Alzheimer's Disease: A Multiple Night At-Home Intervention. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2024:S1064-7481(24)00384-1. [PMID: 39048400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2024.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the efficacy of closed-loop acoustic stimulation (CLAS) during slow-wave sleep (SWS) to enhance slow-wave activity (SWA) and SWS in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) across multiple nights and to explore associations between stimulation, participant characteristics, and individuals' SWS response. DESIGN A 2-week, open-label at-home intervention study utilizing the DREEM2 headband to record sleep data and administer CLAS during SWS. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Fifteen older patients with AD (6 women, mean age: 76.27 [SD = 6.06], mean MOCA-score: 16.07 [SD = 6.94]), living at home with their partner, completed the trial. INTERVENTION Patients first wore the device for two baseline nights, followed by 14 nights during which the device was programmed to randomly either deliver acoustic stimulations of 50 ms pink noise (± 40 dB) targeted to the slow-wave up-phase during SWS or only mark the wave (sham). RESULTS On a group level, stimulation significantly enhanced SWA and SWS with consistent SWS enhancement throughout the intervention. However, substantial variability existed in individual responses to stimulation. Individuals received more stimulations on nights with increased SWS compared to baseline than on nights with no change or a decrease. In individuals, having lower baseline SWS correlated with receiving fewer stimulations on average during the intervention. CONCLUSION CLAS during SWS is a promising nonpharmacological method to enhance SWA and SWS in AD. However, patients with lower baseline SWS received fewer stimulations during the intervention, possibly resulting in less SWS enhancement. Individual variability in response to stimulation underscores the need to address personalized stimulation parameters in future research and therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Van den Bulcke
- Geriatric Psychiatry (LVDB, KV, LE, MV, MVDB), University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Neuropsychiatry (LVDB, KV, LE, MV, MVDB), Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Hannah Davidoff
- Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT) (HD, EH, MDV, DC), KU Leuven, Heverlee 3001, Belgium; CSH (Circuits and Systems for Health) - imec (HD), Heverlee 3001, Belgium
| | - Elisabeth Heremans
- Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT) (HD, EH, MDV, DC), KU Leuven, Heverlee 3001, Belgium
| | - Yasmin Potts
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (YP, LHJ, DH), Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Kristof Vansteelandt
- Geriatric Psychiatry (LVDB, KV, LE, MV, MVDB), University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Neuropsychiatry (LVDB, KV, LE, MV, MVDB), Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Maarten De Vos
- Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT) (HD, EH, MDV, DC), KU Leuven, Heverlee 3001, Belgium; Department of Development and Regeneration (MDV), Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Daan Christiaens
- Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT) (HD, EH, MDV, DC), KU Leuven, Heverlee 3001, Belgium; Translational MRI (LE), Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Louise Emsell
- Geriatric Psychiatry (LVDB, KV, LE, MV, MVDB), University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Neuropsychiatry (LVDB, KV, LE, MV, MVDB), Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Translational MRI (LE), Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Laura H Jacobson
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (YP, LHJ, DH), Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology (LHJ, DH), School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Daniël Hoyer
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health (YP, LHJ, DH), Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology (LHJ, DH), School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.; Department of Molecular Medicine (DH), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Bertien Buyse
- Department of Pneumology (BB, DT), Leuven University Center for Sleep and Wake disorders, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE) (BB, DT), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Vandenbulcke
- Geriatric Psychiatry (LVDB, KV, LE, MV, MVDB), University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Neuropsychiatry (LVDB, KV, LE, MV, MVDB), Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Dries Testelmans
- Department of Pneumology (BB, DT), Leuven University Center for Sleep and Wake disorders, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE) (BB, DT), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Maarten Van Den Bossche
- Geriatric Psychiatry (LVDB, KV, LE, MV, MVDB), University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Neuropsychiatry (LVDB, KV, LE, MV, MVDB), Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
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7
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Kafashan M, Gupte G, Kang P, Hyche O, Luong AH, Prateek GV, Ju YES, Palanca BJA. A personalized semi-automatic sleep spindle detection (PSASD) framework. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 407:110064. [PMID: 38301832 PMCID: PMC11219251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep spindles are distinct electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns of brain activity that have been posited to play a critical role in development, learning, and neurological disorders. Manual scoring for sleep spindles is labor-intensive and tedious but could supplement automated algorithms to resolve challenges posed with either approaches alone. NEW METHODS A Personalized Semi-Automatic Sleep Spindle Detection (PSASD) framework was developed to combine the strength of automated detection algorithms and visual expertise of human scorers. The underlying model in the PSASD framework assumes a generative model for EEG sleep spindles as oscillatory components, optimized to EEG amplitude, with remaining signals distributed into transient and low-frequency components. RESULTS A single graphical user interface (GUI) allows both manual scoring of sleep spindles (model training data) and verification of automatically detected spindles. A grid search approach allows optimization of parameters to balance tradeoffs between precision and recall measures. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS PSASD outperformed DETOKS in F1-score by 19% and 4% on the DREAMS and P-DROWS-E datasets, respectively. It also outperformed YASA in F1-score by 25% in the P-DROWS-E dataset. Further benchmarking analysis showed that PSASD outperformed four additional widely used sleep spindle detectors in F1-score in the P-DROWS-E dataset. Titration analysis revealed that four 30-second epochs are sufficient to fine-tune the model parameters of PSASD. Associations of frequency, duration, and amplitude of detected sleep spindles matched those previously reported with automated approaches. CONCLUSIONS Overall, PSASD improves detection of sleep spindles in EEG data acquired from both younger healthy and older adult patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- MohammadMehdi Kafashan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Center on Biological Rhythms and Sleep, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Gaurang Gupte
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Paul Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Orlandrea Hyche
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anhthi H Luong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - G V Prateek
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yo-El S Ju
- Center on Biological Rhythms and Sleep, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ben Julian A Palanca
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Center on Biological Rhythms and Sleep, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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8
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Krugliakova E, Karpovich A, Stieglitz L, Huwiler S, Lustenberger C, Imbach L, Bujan B, Jedrysiak P, Jacomet M, Baumann CR, Fattinger S. Exploring the local field potential signal from the subthalamic nucleus for phase-targeted auditory stimulation in Parkinson's disease. Brain Stimul 2024; 17:769-779. [PMID: 38906529 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2024.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enhancing slow waves, the electrophysiological (EEG) manifestation of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, could potentially benefit patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) by improving sleep quality and slowing disease progression. Phase-targeted auditory stimulation (PTAS) is an approach to enhance slow waves, which are detected in real-time in the surface EEG signal. OBJECTIVE We aimed to test whether the local-field potential of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-LFP) can be used to detect frontal slow waves and assess the electrophysiological changes related to PTAS. METHODS We recruited patients diagnosed with PD and undergoing Percept™ PC neurostimulator (Medtronic) implantation for deep brain stimulation of STN (STN-DBS) in a two-step surgery. Patients underwent three full-night recordings, including one between-surgeries recording and two during rehabilitation, one with DBS+ (on) and one with DBS- (off). Surface EEG and STN-LFP signals from Percept PC were recorded simultaneously, and PTAS was applied during sleep in all three recording sessions. RESULTS Our results show that during NREM sleep, slow waves of the cortex and STN are time-locked. PTAS application resulted in power and coherence changes, which can be detected in STN-LFP. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest the feasibility of implementing PTAS using solely STN-LFP signal for slow wave detection, thus without a need for an external EEG device alongside the implanted neurostimulator. Moreover, we propose options for more efficient STN-LFP signal preprocessing, including different referencing and filtering to enhance the reliability of cortical slow wave detection in STN-LFP recordings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Krugliakova
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Artyom Karpovich
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lennart Stieglitz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Huwiler
- Neural Control of Movement Lab, Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Lustenberger
- Neural Control of Movement Lab, Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Imbach
- Swiss Epilepsy Center, Clinic Lengg, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bartosz Bujan
- Neurorehabilitation, Clinic Lengg, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Maria Jacomet
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian R Baumann
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sara Fattinger
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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9
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Lin GJ, Xu JJ, Peng XR, Yu J. Subjective sleep more predictive of global cognitive function than objective sleep in older adults: A specification curve analysis. Sleep Med 2024; 119:155-163. [PMID: 38678759 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sleep is associated with cognitive function in older adults. In the current study, we examined this relationship from subjective and objective perspectives, and determined the robustness and dimensional specificity of the associations using a comprehensive modelling approach. METHODS Multiple dimensions of subjective (sleep quality and daytime sleepiness) and objective sleep (sleep stages, sleep parameters, sleep spindles, and slow oscillations), as well as subjectively reported and objectively measured cognitive function were collected from 55 older adults. Specification curve analysis was used to examine the robustness of correlations for the effects of sleep on cognitive function. RESULTS Robust associations were found between sleep and objectively measured cognitive function, but not with subjective cognitive complaints. In addition, subjective sleep showed robust and consistent associations with global cognitive function, whereas objective sleep showed a more domain-specific association with episodic memory. Specifically, subjective sleep quality and daytime sleepiness correlated with global cognitive function, and objective sleep parameters correlated with episodic memory. CONCLUSIONS Overall, associations between sleep and cognitive function in older adults depend on how they are measured and which specific dimensions of sleep and domains of cognitive function are considered. It highlights the importance of focusing on specific associations to ameliorate the detrimental effects of sleep disturbance on cognitive function in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Jun Lin
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jia-Jie Xu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xue-Rui Peng
- Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany; Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Jing Yu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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10
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Sharon O, Ben Simon E, Shah VD, Desel T, Walker MP. The new science of sleep: From cells to large-scale societies. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002684. [PMID: 38976664 PMCID: PMC11230563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In the past 20 years, more remarkable revelations about sleep and its varied functions have arguably been made than in the previous 200. Building on this swell of recent findings, this essay provides a broad sampling of selected research highlights across genetic, molecular, cellular, and physiological systems within the body, networks within the brain, and large-scale social dynamics. Based on this raft of exciting new discoveries, we have come to realize that sleep, in this moment of its evolution, is very much polyfunctional (rather than monofunctional), yet polyfunctional for reasons we had never previously considered. Moreover, these new polyfunctional insights powerfully reaffirm sleep as a critical biological, and thus health-sustaining, requisite. Indeed, perhaps the only thing more impressive than the unanticipated nature of these newly emerging sleep functions is their striking divergence, from operations of molecular mechanisms inside cells to entire group societal dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Sharon
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Eti Ben Simon
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Vyoma D. Shah
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Tenzin Desel
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Matthew P. Walker
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
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11
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Mushtaq M, Marshall L, ul Haq R, Martinetz T. Possible mechanisms to improve sleep spindles via closed loop stimulation during slow wave sleep: A computational study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306218. [PMID: 38924001 PMCID: PMC11207127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep spindles are one of the prominent EEG oscillatory rhythms of non-rapid eye movement sleep. In the memory consolidation, these oscillations have an important role in the processes of long-term potentiation and synaptic plasticity. Moreover, the activity (spindle density and/or sigma power) of spindles has a linear association with learning performance in different paradigms. According to the experimental observations, the sleep spindle activity can be improved by closed loop acoustic stimulations (CLAS) which eventually improve memory performance. To examine the effects of CLAS on spindles, we propose a biophysical thalamocortical model for slow oscillations (SOs) and sleep spindles. In addition, closed loop stimulation protocols are applied on a thalamic network. Our model results show that the power of spindles is increased when stimulation cues are applied at the commencing of an SO Down-to-Up-state transition, but that activity gradually decreases when cues are applied with an increased time delay from this SO phase. Conversely, stimulation is not effective when cues are applied during the transition of an Up-to-Down-state. Furthermore, our model suggests that a strong inhibitory input from the reticular (RE) layer to the thalamocortical (TC) layer in the thalamic network shifts leads to an emergence of spindle activity at the Up-to-Down-state transition (rather than at Down-to-Up-state transition), and the spindle frequency is also reduced (8-11 Hz) by thalamic inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa Marshall
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, Lübeck, Germany
- University Clinic Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Rizwan ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Thomas Martinetz
- Institute for Neuro- and Bioinformatics, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, Lübeck, Germany
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12
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Bressler S, Neely R, Yost RM, Wang D. A randomized controlled trial of alpha phase-locked auditory stimulation to treat symptoms of sleep onset insomnia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13039. [PMID: 38844793 PMCID: PMC11156862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63385-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep onset insomnia is a pervasive problem that contributes significantly to the poor health outcomes associated with insufficient sleep. Auditory stimuli phase-locked to slow-wave sleep oscillations have been shown to augment deep sleep, but it is unknown whether a similar approach can be used to accelerate sleep onset. The present randomized controlled crossover trial enrolled adults with objectively verified sleep onset latencies (SOLs) greater than 30 min to test the effect of auditory stimuli delivered at specific phases of participants' alpha oscillations prior to sleep onset. During the intervention week, participants wore an electroencephalogram (EEG)-enabled headband that delivered acoustic pulses timed to arrive anti-phase with alpha for 30 min (Stimulation). During the Sham week, the headband silently recorded EEG. The primary outcome was SOL determined by blinded scoring of EEG records. For the 21 subjects included in the analyses, stimulation had a significant effect on SOL according to a linear mixed effects model (p = 0.0019), and weekly average SOL decreased by 10.5 ± 15.9 min (29.3 ± 44.4%). These data suggest that phase-locked acoustic stimulation can be a viable alternative to pharmaceuticals to accelerate sleep onset in individuals with prolonged sleep onset latencies. Trial Registration: This trial was first registered on clinicaltrials.gov on 24/02/2023 under the name Sounds Locked to ElectroEncephalogram Phase For the Acceleration of Sleep Onset Time (SLEEPFAST), and assigned registry number NCT05743114.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Bressler
- Elemind Technologies, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
- Science and Research, Elemind Technologies, Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Ryan Neely
- Elemind Technologies, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Science and Research, Elemind Technologies, Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Ryan M Yost
- Elemind Technologies, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
- Science and Research, Elemind Technologies, Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - David Wang
- Elemind Technologies, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
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13
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Smith SK, Kafashan M, Rios RL, Brown EN, Landsness EC, Guay CS, Palanca BJA. Daytime dexmedetomidine sedation with closed-loop acoustic stimulation alters slow wave sleep homeostasis in healthy adults. BJA OPEN 2024; 10:100276. [PMID: 38571816 PMCID: PMC10990715 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjao.2024.100276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Background The alpha-2 adrenergic agonist dexmedetomidine induces EEG patterns resembling those of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Fulfilment of slow wave sleep (SWS) homeostatic needs would address the assumption that dexmedetomidine induces functional biomimetic sleep states. Methods In-home sleep EEG recordings were obtained from 13 healthy participants before and after dexmedetomidine sedation. Dexmedetomidine target-controlled infusions and closed-loop acoustic stimulation were implemented to induce and enhance EEG slow waves, respectively. EEG recordings during sedation and sleep were staged using modified American Academy of Sleep Medicine criteria. Slow wave activity (EEG power from 0.5 to 4 Hz) was computed for NREM stage 2 (N2) and NREM stage 3 (N3/SWS) epochs, with the aggregate partitioned into quintiles by time. The first slow wave activity quintile served as a surrogate for slow wave pressure, and the difference between the first and fifth quintiles as a measure of slow wave pressure dissipation. Results Compared with pre-sedation sleep, post-sedation sleep showed reduced N3 duration (mean difference of -17.1 min, 95% confidence interval -30.0 to -8.2, P=0.015). Dissipation of slow wave pressure was reduced (P=0.02). Changes in combined durations of N2 and N3 between pre- and post-sedation sleep correlated with total dexmedetomidine dose, (r=-0.61, P=0.03). Conclusions Daytime dexmedetomidine sedation and closed-loop acoustic stimulation targeting EEG slow waves reduced N3/SWS duration and measures of slow wave pressure dissipation on the post-sedation night in healthy young adults. Thus, the paired intervention induces sleep-like states that fulfil certain homeostatic NREM sleep needs in healthy young adults. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04206059.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Kendall Smith
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Center on Biological Rhythms and Sleep, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - MohammadMehdi Kafashan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Center on Biological Rhythms and Sleep, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rachel L. Rios
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Center on Biological Rhythms and Sleep, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Emery N. Brown
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric C. Landsness
- Center on Biological Rhythms and Sleep, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christian S. Guay
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ben Julian A. Palanca
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Center on Biological Rhythms and Sleep, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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14
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Moguilner SG, Berezuk C, Bender AC, Pellerin KR, Gomperts SN, Cash SS, Sarkis RA, Lam AD. Sleep functional connectivity, hyperexcitability, and cognition in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:4234-4249. [PMID: 38764252 PMCID: PMC11180941 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sleep disturbances are common in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may reflect pathologic changes in brain networks. To date, no studies have examined changes in sleep functional connectivity (FC) in AD or their relationship with network hyperexcitability and cognition. METHODS We assessed electroencephalogram (EEG) sleep FC in 33 healthy controls, 36 individuals with AD without epilepsy, and 14 individuals with AD and epilepsy. RESULTS AD participants showed increased gamma connectivity in stage 2 sleep (N2), which was associated with longitudinal cognitive decline. Network hyperexcitability in AD was associated with a distinct sleep connectivity signature, characterized by decreased N2 delta connectivity and reversal of several connectivity changes associated with AD. Machine learning algorithms using sleep connectivity features accurately distinguished diagnostic groups and identified "fast cognitive decliners" among study participants who had AD. DISCUSSION Our findings reveal changes in sleep functional networks associated with cognitive decline in AD and may have implications for disease monitoring and therapeutic development. HIGHLIGHTS Brain functional connectivity (FC) in Alzheimer's disease is altered during sleep. Sleep FC measures correlate with cognitive decline in AD. Network hyperexcitability in AD has a distinct sleep connectivity signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian G. Moguilner
- Department of NeurologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Courtney Berezuk
- Department of NeurologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Alex C. Bender
- Department of NeurologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Kyle R. Pellerin
- Department of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Stephen N. Gomperts
- Department of NeurologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Sydney S. Cash
- Department of NeurologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Rani A. Sarkis
- Department of NeurologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of NeurologyBrigham and Women's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Alice D. Lam
- Department of NeurologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
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15
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Van den Bulcke L, Van Den Bossche M. Unraveling the potential of acoustic stimulation to enhance slow-wave sleep in Alzheimer's disease: implications and pathways forward. J Clin Sleep Med 2024; 20:1023. [PMID: 38459871 PMCID: PMC11145057 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.11124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Van den Bulcke
- Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neuropsychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Van Den Bossche
- Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neuropsychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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16
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Hebron H, Lugli B, Dimitrova R, Jaramillo V, Yeh LR, Rhodes E, Grossman N, Dijk DJ, Violante IR. A closed-loop auditory stimulation approach selectively modulates alpha oscillations and sleep onset dynamics in humans. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002651. [PMID: 38889194 PMCID: PMC11185466 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Alpha oscillations play a vital role in managing the brain's resources, inhibiting neural activity as a function of their phase and amplitude, and are changed in many brain disorders. Developing minimally invasive tools to modulate alpha activity and identifying the parameters that determine its response to exogenous modulators is essential for the implementation of focussed interventions. We introduce Alpha Closed-Loop Auditory Stimulation (αCLAS) as an EEG-based method to modulate and investigate these brain rhythms in humans with specificity and selectivity, using targeted auditory stimulation. Across a series of independent experiments, we demonstrate that αCLAS alters alpha power, frequency, and connectivity in a phase, amplitude, and topography-dependent manner. Using single-pulse-αCLAS, we show that the effects of auditory stimuli on alpha oscillations can be explained within the theoretical framework of oscillator theory and a phase-reset mechanism. Finally, we demonstrate the functional relevance of our approach by showing that αCLAS can interfere with sleep onset dynamics in a phase-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Hebron
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute Care Research and Technology Centre, Imperial College London and the University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Beatrice Lugli
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Radost Dimitrova
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Valeria Jaramillo
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute Care Research and Technology Centre, Imperial College London and the University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa R. Yeh
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Edward Rhodes
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Nir Grossman
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Derk-Jan Dijk
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute Care Research and Technology Centre, Imperial College London and the University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Ines R. Violante
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
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17
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Kwon H, Chinappen DM, Kinard EA, Goodman SK, Huang JF, Berja ED, Walsh KG, Shi W, Manoach DS, Kramer MA, Chu CJ. Impaired sleep-dependent memory consolidation predicted by reduced sleep spindles in Rolandic epilepsy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.16.594515. [PMID: 38798414 PMCID: PMC11118409 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.16.594515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Sleep spindles are prominent thalamocortical brain oscillations during sleep that have been mechanistically linked to sleep-dependent memory consolidation in animal models and healthy controls. Sleep spindles are decreased in Rolandic epilepsy and related sleep-activated epileptic encephalopathies. We investigate the relationship between sleep spindle deficits and deficient sleep dependent memory consolidation in children with Rolandic epilepsy. Methods In this prospective case-control study, children were trained and tested on a validated probe of memory consolidation, the motor sequence task (MST). Sleep spindles were measured from high-density EEG during a 90-minute nap opportunity between MST training and testing using a validated automated detector. Results Twenty-three children with Rolandic epilepsy (14 with resolved disease), and 19 age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled. Children with active Rolandic epilepsy had decreased memory consolidation compared to control children (p=0.001, mean percentage reduction: 25.7%, 95% CI [10.3, 41.2]%) and compared to children with resolved Rolandic epilepsy (p=0.007, mean percentage reduction: 21.9%, 95% CI [6.2, 37.6]%). Children with active Rolandic epilepsy had decreased sleep spindle rates in the centrotemporal region compared to controls (p=0.008, mean decrease 2.5 spindles/min, 95% CI [0.7, 4.4] spindles/min). Spindle rate positively predicted sleep-dependent memory consolidation (p=0.004, mean MST improvement of 3.9%, 95% CI [1.3, 6.4]%, for each unit increase in spindles per minute). Discussion Children with Rolandic epilepsy have a sleep spindle deficit during the active period of disease which predicts deficits in sleep dependent memory consolidation. This finding provides a mechanism and noninvasive biomarker to aid diagnosis and therapeutic discovery for cognitive dysfunction in Rolandic epilepsy and related sleep activated epilepsy syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunki Kwon
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dhinakaran M Chinappen
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Kinard
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Skyler K Goodman
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan F Huang
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Erin D Berja
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine G Walsh
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wen Shi
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dara S Manoach
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark A Kramer
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Catherine J Chu
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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18
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Zeller CJ, Wunderlin M, Wicki K, Teunissen CE, Nissen C, Züst MA, Klöppel S. Multi-night acoustic stimulation is associated with better sleep, amyloid dynamics, and memory in older adults with cognitive impairment. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01195-z. [PMID: 38744792 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01195-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a potential early, modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia. Impaired slow wave sleep (SWS) is pronounced in individuals with cognitive impairment (CI). Cognitive decline and impairments of SWS are bi-directionally linked in a vicious cycle. SWS can be enhanced non-invasively using phase-locked acoustic stimulation (PLAS), potentially breaking this vicious cycle. Eighteen healthy older adults (HC, agemean±sd, 68.3 ± 5.1) and 16 older adults (agemean±sd, 71.9 ± 3.9) with CI (Montreal Cognitive Assessment ≤ 25) underwent one baseline (sham-PLAS) night and three consecutive stimulation nights (real-PLAS). EEG responses and blood-plasma amyloid beta Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio were measured pre- and post-intervention, as was episodic memory. The latter was again evaluated 1 week and 3 months after the intervention. In both groups, PLAS induced a significant electrophysiological response in both voltage- and time-frequency analyses, and memory performance improved in association with the magnitude of this response. In the CI group, both electrophysiological and associated memory effects were delayed compared to the healthy group. After 3 intervention nights, electrophysiological response to PLAS was no longer different between CI and HC groups. Only in the CI sample, stronger electrophysiological responses were significantly associated with improving post-intervention Aβ42/Aβ40 ratios. PLAS seems to improve SWS electrophysiology, memory, and amyloid dynamics in older adults with CI. However, effects on memory require more time to unfold compared to healthy older adults. This indicates that PLAS may become a potential tool to ameliorate cognitive decline, but longer interventions are necessary to compensate for declining brain integrity. This study was pre-registered (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04277104).
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline J Zeller
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000, Bern 60, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marina Wunderlin
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000, Bern 60, Switzerland
| | - Korian Wicki
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000, Bern 60, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Christoph Nissen
- Division of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1201, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, 1201, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marc A Züst
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000, Bern 60, Switzerland.
| | - Stefan Klöppel
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000, Bern 60, Switzerland
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19
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Schmidig FJ, Ruch S, Henke K. Episodic long-term memory formation during slow-wave sleep. eLife 2024; 12:RP89601. [PMID: 38661727 PMCID: PMC11045222 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
We are unresponsive during slow-wave sleep but continue monitoring external events for survival. Our brain wakens us when danger is imminent. If events are non-threatening, our brain might store them for later consideration to improve decision-making. To test this hypothesis, we examined whether novel vocabulary consisting of simultaneously played pseudowords and translation words are encoded/stored during sleep, and which neural-electrical events facilitate encoding/storage. An algorithm for brain-state-dependent stimulation selectively targeted word pairs to slow-wave peaks or troughs. Retrieval tests were given 12 and 36 hr later. These tests required decisions regarding the semantic category of previously sleep-played pseudowords. The sleep-played vocabulary influenced awake decision-making 36 hr later, if targeted to troughs. The words' linguistic processing raised neural complexity. The words' semantic-associative encoding was supported by increased theta power during the ensuing peak. Fast-spindle power ramped up during a second peak likely aiding consolidation. Hence, new vocabulary played during slow-wave sleep was stored and influenced decision-making days later.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Ruch
- Institute of Psychology, University of BernBernSwitzerland
- Faculty of Psychology, UniDistance SuisseBrigSwitzerland
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20
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Carbone J, Bibian C, Born J, Forcato C, Diekelmann S. Comparing targeted memory reactivation during slow wave sleep and sleep stage 2. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9057. [PMID: 38643331 PMCID: PMC11032354 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59696-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep facilitates declarative memory consolidation, which is assumed to rely on the reactivation of newly encoded memories orchestrated by the temporal interplay of slow oscillations (SO), fast spindles and ripples. SO as well as the number of spindles coupled to SO are more frequent during slow wave sleep (SWS) compared to lighter sleep stage 2 (S2). But, it is unclear whether memory reactivation is more effective during SWS than during S2. To test this question, we applied Targeted Memory Reactivation (TMR) in a declarative memory design by presenting learning-associated sound cues during SWS vs. S2 in a counterbalanced within-subject design. Contrary to our hypothesis, memory performance was not significantly better when cues were presented during SWS. Event-related potential (ERP) amplitudes were significantly higher for cues presented during SWS than S2, and the density of SO and SO-spindle complexes was generally higher during SWS than during S2. Whereas SO density increased during and after the TMR period, SO-spindle complexes decreased. None of the parameters were associated with memory performance. These findings suggest that the efficacy of TMR does not depend on whether it is administered during SWS or S2, despite differential processing of memory cues in these sleep stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Carbone
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, Tübingen, Germany
- Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience, International Max Planck Research School, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Carlos Bibian
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, Tübingen, Germany
- Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience, International Max Planck Research School, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jan Born
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, Tübingen, Germany
- Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cecilia Forcato
- Laboratorio de Sueño y Memoria, Depto. de Ciencias de La Vida, Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susanne Diekelmann
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, Tübingen, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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21
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Carbone J, Diekelmann S. An update on recent advances in targeted memory reactivation during sleep. NPJ SCIENCE OF LEARNING 2024; 9:31. [PMID: 38622159 PMCID: PMC11018807 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-024-00244-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Targeted Memory Reactivation (TMR) is a noninvasive tool to manipulate memory consolidation during sleep. TMR builds on the brain's natural processes of memory reactivation during sleep and aims to facilitate or bias these processes in a certain direction. The basis of this technique is the association of learning content with sensory cues, such as odors or sounds, that are presented during subsequent sleep to promote memory reactivation. Research on TMR has drastically increased over the last decade with rapid developments. The aim of the present review is to highlight the most recent advances of this research. We focus on effects of TMR on the strengthening of memories in the declarative, procedural and emotional memory domain as well as on ways in which TMR can be used to promote forgetting. We then discuss advanced technical approaches to determine the optimal timing of TMR within the ongoing oscillatory activity of the sleeping brain as well as the specificity of TMR for certain memory contents. We further highlight the specific effects of TMR during REM sleep and in influencing dream content. Finally, we discuss recent evidence for potential applications of TMR for mental health, educational purposes and in the home setting. In conclusion, the last years of research have provided substantial advances in TMR that can guide future endeavors in research and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Carbone
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience, International Max Planck Research School, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Diekelmann
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, 72070, Tübingen, Germany.
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22
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Blanpain LT, Cole ER, Chen E, Park JK, Walelign MY, Gross RE, Cabaniss BT, Willie JT, Singer AC. Multisensory flicker modulates widespread brain networks and reduces interictal epileptiform discharges. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3156. [PMID: 38605017 PMCID: PMC11009358 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47263-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Modulating brain oscillations has strong therapeutic potential. Interventions that both non-invasively modulate deep brain structures and are practical for chronic daily home use are desirable for a variety of therapeutic applications. Repetitive audio-visual stimulation, or sensory flicker, is an accessible approach that modulates hippocampus in mice, but its effects in humans are poorly defined. We therefore quantified the neurophysiological effects of flicker with high spatiotemporal resolution in patients with focal epilepsy who underwent intracranial seizure monitoring. In this interventional trial (NCT04188834) with a cross-over design, subjects underwent different frequencies of flicker stimulation in the same recording session with the effect of sensory flicker exposure on local field potential (LFP) power and interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) as primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. Flicker focally modulated local field potentials in expected canonical sensory cortices but also in the medial temporal lobe and prefrontal cortex, likely via resonance of stimulated long-range circuits. Moreover, flicker decreased interictal epileptiform discharges, a pathological biomarker of epilepsy and degenerative diseases, most strongly in regions where potentials were flicker-modulated, especially the visual cortex and medial temporal lobe. This trial met the scientific goal and is now closed. Our findings reveal how multi-sensory stimulation may modulate cortical structures to mitigate pathological activity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lou T Blanpain
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eric R Cole
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Emily Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - James K Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael Y Walelign
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Robert E Gross
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick and New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Brian T Cabaniss
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jon T Willie
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, Neurology, Psychiatry, and Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Annabelle C Singer
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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23
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Studler M, Gianotti LRR, Lobmaier J, Maric A, Knoch D. Human Prosocial Preferences Are Related to Slow-Wave Activity in Sleep. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0885232024. [PMID: 38467433 PMCID: PMC11007317 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0885-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Prosocial behavior is crucial for the smooth functioning of the society. Yet, individuals differ vastly in the propensity to behave prosocially. Here, we try to explain these individual differences under normal sleep conditions without any experimental modulation of sleep. Using a portable high-density EEG, we measured the sleep data in 54 healthy adults (28 females) during a normal night's sleep at the participants' homes. To capture prosocial preferences, participants played an incentivized public goods game in which they faced real monetary consequences. The whole-brain analyses showed that a higher relative slow-wave activity (SWA, an indicator of sleep depth) in a cluster of electrodes over the right temporoparietal junction (TPJ) was associated with increased prosocial preferences. Source localization and current source density analyses further support these findings. Recent sleep deprivation studies imply that sleeping enough makes us more prosocial; the present findings suggest that it is not only sleep duration, but particularly sufficient sleep depth in the TPJ that is positively related to prosociality. Because the TPJ plays a central role in social cognitive functions, we speculate that sleep depth in the TPJ, as reflected by relative SWA, might serve as a dispositional indicator of social cognition ability, which is reflected in prosocial preferences. These findings contribute to the emerging framework explaining the link between sleep and prosocial behavior by shedding light on the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Studler
- Department of Social Neuroscience and Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Lorena R R Gianotti
- Department of Social Neuroscience and Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Janek Lobmaier
- Department of Social Neuroscience and Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Angelina Maric
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Daria Knoch
- Department of Social Neuroscience and Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland
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24
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Staresina BP. Coupled sleep rhythms for memory consolidation. Trends Cogn Sci 2024; 28:339-351. [PMID: 38443198 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
How do passing moments turn into lasting memories? Sheltered from external tasks and distractions, sleep constitutes an optimal state for the brain to reprocess and consolidate previous experiences. Recent work suggests that consolidation is governed by the intricate interaction of slow oscillations (SOs), spindles, and ripples - electrophysiological sleep rhythms that orchestrate neuronal processing and communication within and across memory circuits. This review describes how sequential SO-spindle-ripple coupling provides a temporally and spatially fine-tuned mechanism to selectively strengthen target memories across hippocampal and cortical networks. Coupled sleep rhythms might be harnessed not only to enhance overnight memory retention, but also to combat memory decline associated with healthy ageing and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard P Staresina
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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25
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Sayk C, Saftien S, Koch N, Ngo HVV, Junghanns K, Wilhelm I. Cortical hyperarousal in individuals with frequent nightmares. J Sleep Res 2024; 33:e14003. [PMID: 37688512 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Nightmares are common among the general population and psychiatric patients and have been associated with signs of nocturnal arousal such as increased heart rate or increased high-frequency electroencephalographic (EEG) activity. However, it is still unclear, whether these characteristics are more of a trait occurring in people with frequent nightmares or rather indicators of the nightmare state. We compared participants with frequent nightmares (NM group; n = 30) and healthy controls (controls; n = 27) who spent 4 nights in the sleep laboratory over the course of 8 weeks. The NM group received six sessions of imagery rehearsal therapy (IRT), the 'gold standard' of cognitive-behavioural therapy for nightmares, between the second and the third night. Sleep architecture and spectral power were compared between groups, and between nights of nightmare occurrence and nights without nightmare occurrence in the NM group. Additionally, changes before and after therapy were recorded. The NM group showed increased beta (16.25-31 Hz) and low gamma (31.25-35 Hz) power during the entire night compared to the controls, but not when comparing nights of nightmare occurrence to those without. Moreover, low gamma activity in rapid eye movement sleep was reduced after therapy in the NM group. Our findings indicate, cortical hyperarousal is more of a trait in people with frequent nightmares within a network of other symptoms, but also malleable by therapy. This is not only a new finding for IRT but could also lead to improved treatment options in the future that directly target high-frequency EEG activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Sayk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Translational Psychiatry Unit, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sophia Saftien
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Translational Psychiatry Unit, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Nicole Koch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Translational Psychiatry Unit, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hong-Viet V Ngo
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center for Brain, Behaviour and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Klaus Junghanns
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Translational Psychiatry Unit, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ines Wilhelm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Translational Psychiatry Unit, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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26
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Chen J, Lin M, Shi N, Shen J, Weng X, Pang F, Liang J. Altered Cortical Information Interaction During Respiratory Events in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome. Neurosci Bull 2024:10.1007/s12264-024-01197-z. [PMID: 38558365 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01197-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) significantly impairs children's growth and cognition. This study aims to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying OSAHS in children, with a particular focus on the alterations in cortical information interaction during respiratory events. We analyzed sleep electroencephalography before, during, and after events, utilizing Symbolic Transfer Entropy (STE) for brain network construction and information flow assessment. The results showed a significant increase in STE after events in specific frequency bands during N2 and rapid eye movement (REM) stages, along with increased STE during N3 stage events. Moreover, a noteworthy rise in the information flow imbalance within and between hemispheres was found after events, displaying unique patterns in central sleep apnea and hypopnea. Importantly, some of these alterations were correlated with symptom severity. These findings highlight significant changes in brain region coordination and communication during respiratory events, offering novel insights into OSAHS pathophysiology in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Science, Ministry of Education, China; Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- School of General Education, Guangzhou Huali College, Guangzhou, 511325, China
| | - Minmin Lin
- Department of Sleep Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Naikai Shi
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Science, Ministry of Education, China; Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jingxian Shen
- TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Technical University of Munich, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Xuchu Weng
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Science, Ministry of Education, China; Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Feng Pang
- Department of Sleep Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
| | - Jiuxing Liang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Science, Ministry of Education, China; Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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27
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Billot A, Kiran S. Disentangling neuroplasticity mechanisms in post-stroke language recovery. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2024; 251:105381. [PMID: 38401381 PMCID: PMC10981555 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2024.105381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
A major objective in post-stroke aphasia research is to gain a deeper understanding of neuroplastic mechanisms that drive language recovery, with the ultimate goal of enhancing treatment outcomes. Subsequent to recent advances in neuroimaging techniques, we now have the ability to examine more closely how neural activity patterns change after a stroke. However, the way these neural activity changes relate to language impairments and language recovery is still debated. The aim of this review is to provide a theoretical framework to better investigate and interpret neuroplasticity mechanisms underlying language recovery in post-stroke aphasia. We detail two sets of neuroplasticity mechanisms observed at the synaptic level that may explain functional neuroimaging findings in post-stroke aphasia recovery at the network level: feedback-based homeostatic plasticity and associative Hebbian plasticity. In conjunction with these plasticity mechanisms, higher-order cognitive control processes dynamically modulate neural activity in other regions to meet communication demands, despite reduced neural resources. This work provides a network-level neurobiological framework for understanding neural changes observed in post-stroke aphasia and can be used to define guidelines for personalized treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Billot
- Center for Brain Recovery, Boston University, Boston, USA; Department of Psychology, Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Swathi Kiran
- Center for Brain Recovery, Boston University, Boston, USA.
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28
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Simon KC, Cadle C, Nakra N, Nagel MC, Malerba P. Age-associated sleep spindle characteristics in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. SLEEP ADVANCES : A JOURNAL OF THE SLEEP RESEARCH SOCIETY 2024; 5:zpae015. [PMID: 38525359 PMCID: PMC10960605 DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Brain oscillations of non-rapid eye movement sleep, including slow oscillations (SO, 0.5-1.5 Hz) and spindles (10-16 Hz), mirror underlying brain maturation across development and are associated with cognition. Hence, age-associated emergence and changes in the electrophysiological properties of these rhythms can lend insight into cortical development, specifically in comparisons between pediatric populations and typically developing peers. We previously evaluated age-associated changes in SOs in male patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), finding a significant age-related decline between 4 and 18 years. While primarily a muscle disorder, male patients with DMD can also have sleep, cognitive, and cortical abnormalities, thought to be driven by altered dystrophin expression in the brain. In this follow-up study, we characterized the age-associated changes in sleep spindles. We found that age-dependent spindle characteristics in patients with DMD, including density, frequency, amplitude, and duration, were consistent with age-associated trends reported in the literature for typically developing controls. Combined with our prior finding of age-associated decline in SOs, our results suggest that SOs, but not spindles, are a candidate intervention target to enhance sleep in patients with DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine C Simon
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Pulmonology Department, Children’s Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Chelsea Cadle
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Neal Nakra
- Pulmonology Department, Children’s Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Marni C Nagel
- Department of Pediatric Psychology, Children’s Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Paola Malerba
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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29
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Páez A, Frimpong E, Mograss M, Dang-Vu TT. The effectiveness of exercise interventions targeting sleep in older adults with cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD): A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sleep Res 2024:e14189. [PMID: 38462491 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Sleep loss is associated with reduced health and quality of life, and increased risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Up to 66% of persons with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias experience poor sleep, which can predict or accelerate the progression of cognitive decline. Exercise is a widely accessible intervention for poor sleep that can protect against functional and cognitive decline. No previous systematic reviews have investigated the effectiveness of exercise for sleep in older adults with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. We systematically reviewed controlled interventional studies of exercise targeting subjectively or objectively (polysomnography/actigraphy) assessed sleep in persons with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. We conducted searches in PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane-Library (n = 6745). Nineteen randomised and one non-randomised controlled interventional trials were included, representing the experiences of 3278 persons with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Ten had low-risk, nine moderate-risk, and one high-risk of bias. Six studies with subjective and eight with objective sleep outcomes were meta-analysed (random-effects model). We found moderate- to high-quality evidence for the beneficial effects of exercise on self-reported and objectively-measured sleep outcomes in persons with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. However, no studies examined key potential moderators of these effects, such as sex, napping or medication use. Our results have important implications for clinical practice. Sleep may be one of the most important modifiable risk factors for a range of health conditions, including cognitive decline and the progression of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Given our findings, clinicians may consider adding exercise as an effective intervention or adjuvant strategy for improving sleep in older persons with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsenio Páez
- Sleep, Cognition and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Nuffield Department for Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Frimpong
- Sleep, Cognition and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Melodee Mograss
- Sleep, Cognition and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thien Thanh Dang-Vu
- Sleep, Cognition and Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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30
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Santamaria L, Kashif I, McGinley N, Lewis PA. Memory reactivation in slow wave sleep enhances relational learning in humans. Commun Biol 2024; 7:288. [PMID: 38459227 PMCID: PMC10923908 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05947-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep boosts the integration of memories, and can thus facilitate relational learning. This benefit may be due to memory reactivation during non-REM sleep. We set out to test this by explicitly cueing reactivation using a technique called targeted memory reactivation (TMR), in which sounds are paired with learned material in wake and then softly played during subsequent sleep, triggering reactivation of the associated memories. We specifically tested whether TMR in slow wave sleep leads to enhancements in inferential thinking in a transitive inference task. Because the Up-phase of the slow oscillation is more responsive to cues than the Down-phase, we also asked whether Up-phase stimulation is more beneficial for such integration. Our data show that TMR during the Up-Phase boosts the ability to make inferences, but only for the most distant inferential leaps. Up-phase stimulation was also associated with detectable memory reinstatement, whereas Down-phase stimulation led to below-chance performance the next morning. Detection of memory reinstatement after Up-state stimulation was negatively correlated with performance on the most difficult inferences the next morning. These findings demonstrate that cueing memory reactivation at specific time points in sleep can benefit difficult relational learning problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Santamaria
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Rd, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Ibad Kashif
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Rd, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Niall McGinley
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Rd, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Penelope A Lewis
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Rd, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK.
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Jafarzadeh Esfahani M, Sikder N, Ter Horst R, Daraie AH, Appel K, Weber FD, Bevelander KE, Dresler M. Citizen neuroscience: Wearable technology and open software to study the human brain in its natural habitat. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:948-965. [PMID: 38328991 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Citizen science allows the public to participate in various stages of scientific research, including study design, data acquisition, and data analysis. Citizen science has a long history in several fields of the natural sciences, and with recent developments in wearable technology, neuroscience has also become more accessible to citizen scientists. This development was largely driven by the influx of minimal sensing systems in the consumer market, allowing more do-it-yourself (DIY) and quantified-self (QS) investigations of the human brain. While most subfields of neuroscience require sophisticated monitoring devices and laboratories, the study of sleep characteristics can be performed at home with relevant noninvasive consumer devices. The strong influence of sleep quality on waking life and the accessibility of devices to measure sleep are two primary reasons citizen scientists have widely embraced sleep research. Their involvement has evolved from solely contributing to data collection to engaging in more collaborative or autonomous approaches, such as instigating ideas, formulating research inquiries, designing research protocols and methodology, acting upon their findings, and disseminating results. In this article, we introduce the emerging field of citizen neuroscience, illustrating examples of such projects in sleep research. We then provide overviews of the wearable technologies for tracking human neurophysiology and various open-source software used to analyse them. Finally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges in citizen neuroscience projects and suggest how to improve the study of the human brain outside the laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niloy Sikder
- Donders Institute for Brain, Behaviour, and Cognition, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Technology and Bionics, Rhine-Waal University of Applied Sciences, Kleve, Germany
| | - Rob Ter Horst
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Amir Hossein Daraie
- Donders Institute for Brain, Behaviour, and Cognition, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Frederik D Weber
- Donders Institute for Brain, Behaviour, and Cognition, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten E Bevelander
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Primary and Community Care, Radboud University and Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Dresler
- Donders Institute for Brain, Behaviour, and Cognition, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Lutz ND, Martínez-Albert E, Friedrich H, Born J, Besedovsky L. Sleep shapes the associative structure underlying pattern completion in multielement event memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2314423121. [PMID: 38377208 PMCID: PMC10907255 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314423121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep supports the consolidation of episodic memory. It is, however, a matter of ongoing debate how this effect is established, because, so far, it has been demonstrated almost exclusively for simple associations, which lack the complex associative structure of real-life events, typically comprising multiple elements with different association strengths. Because of this associative structure interlinking the individual elements, a partial cue (e.g., a single element) can recover an entire multielement event. This process, referred to as pattern completion, is a fundamental property of episodic memory. Yet, it is currently unknown how sleep affects the associative structure within multielement events and subsequent processes of pattern completion. Here, we investigated the effects of post-encoding sleep, compared with a period of nocturnal wakefulness (followed by a recovery night), on multielement associative structures in healthy humans using a verbal associative learning task including strongly, weakly, and not directly encoded associations. We demonstrate that sleep selectively benefits memory for weakly associated elements as well as for associations that were not directly encoded but not for strongly associated elements within a multielement event structure. Crucially, these effects were accompanied by a beneficial effect of sleep on the ability to recall multiple elements of an event based on a single common cue. In addition, retrieval performance was predicted by sleep spindle activity during post-encoding sleep. Together, these results indicate that sleep plays a fundamental role in shaping associative structures, thereby supporting pattern completion in complex multielement events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas D. Lutz
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen72076, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology, LMU Munich, Munich80336, Germany
| | - Estefanía Martínez-Albert
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen72076, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology, LMU Munich, Munich80336, Germany
| | - Hannah Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen72076, Germany
| | - Jan Born
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen72076, Germany
- Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen72076, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Tübingen, Tübingen72076, Germany
| | - Luciana Besedovsky
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen72076, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology, LMU Munich, Munich80336, Germany
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Meyer N, Lok R, Schmidt C, Kyle SD, McClung CA, Cajochen C, Scheer FAJL, Jones MW, Chellappa SL. The sleep-circadian interface: A window into mental disorders. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2214756121. [PMID: 38394243 PMCID: PMC10907245 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2214756121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep, circadian rhythms, and mental health are reciprocally interlinked. Disruption to the quality, continuity, and timing of sleep can precipitate or exacerbate psychiatric symptoms in susceptible individuals, while treatments that target sleep-circadian disturbances can alleviate psychopathology. Conversely, psychiatric symptoms can reciprocally exacerbate poor sleep and disrupt clock-controlled processes. Despite progress in elucidating underlying mechanisms, a cohesive approach that integrates the dynamic interactions between psychiatric disorder with both sleep and circadian processes is lacking. This review synthesizes recent evidence for sleep-circadian dysfunction as a transdiagnostic contributor to a range of psychiatric disorders, with an emphasis on biological mechanisms. We highlight observations from adolescent and young adults, who are at greatest risk of developing mental disorders, and for whom early detection and intervention promise the greatest benefit. In particular, we aim to a) integrate sleep and circadian factors implicated in the pathophysiology and treatment of mood, anxiety, and psychosis spectrum disorders, with a transdiagnostic perspective; b) highlight the need to reframe existing knowledge and adopt an integrated approach which recognizes the interaction between sleep and circadian factors; and c) identify important gaps and opportunities for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Meyer
- Insomnia and Behavioural Sleep Medicine Clinic, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, LondonWC1N 3HR, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, LondonSE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Renske Lok
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Christina Schmidt
- Sleep & Chronobiology Group, GIGA-Institute, CRC-In Vivo Imaging Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology, Speech and Language, University of Liège, Liège4000, Belgium
| | - Simon D. Kyle
- Sir Jules Thorn Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, OxfordOX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Colleen A. McClung
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA15219
| | - Christian Cajochen
- Centre for Chronobiology, Department for Adult Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, BaselCH-4002, Switzerland
- Research Cluster Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, BaselCH-4055, Switzerland
| | - Frank A. J. L. Scheer
- Medical Chronobiology Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA02115
- Medical Chronobiology Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA02115
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Matthew W. Jones
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Bristol, BristolBS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah L. Chellappa
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, SouthamptonSO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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Pelentritou A, Pfeiffer C, Schwartz S, De Lucia M. Cardio-audio synchronization elicits neural and cardiac surprise responses in human wakefulness and sleep. Commun Biol 2024; 7:226. [PMID: 38396068 PMCID: PMC10891147 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05895-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The human brain can encode auditory regularities with fixed sound-to-sound intervals and with sound onsets locked to cardiac inputs. Here, we investigated auditory and cardio-audio regularity encoding during sleep, when bodily and environmental stimulus processing may be altered. Using electroencephalography and electrocardiography in healthy volunteers (N = 26) during wakefulness and sleep, we measured the response to unexpected sound omissions within three regularity conditions: synchronous, where sound and heartbeat are temporally coupled, isochronous, with fixed sound-to-sound intervals, and a control condition without regularity. Cardio-audio regularity encoding manifested as a heartbeat deceleration upon omissions across vigilance states. The synchronous and isochronous sequences induced a modulation of the omission-evoked neural response in wakefulness and N2 sleep, the former accompanied by background oscillatory activity reorganization. The violation of cardio-audio and auditory regularity elicits cardiac and neural responses across vigilance states, laying the ground for similar investigations in altered consciousness states such as coma and anaesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andria Pelentritou
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Christian Pfeiffer
- Robotics and Perception Group, University of Zurich, 8050, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Schwartz
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marzia De Lucia
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Navarrete M, Greco V, Rakowska M, Bellesi M, Lewis PA. Auditory stimulation during REM sleep modulates REM electrophysiology and cognitive performance. Commun Biol 2024; 7:193. [PMID: 38365955 PMCID: PMC10873307 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05825-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
REM sleep is critical for memory, emotion, and cognition. Manipulating brain activity during REM could improve our understanding of its function and benefits. Earlier studies have suggested that auditory stimulation in REM might modulate REM time and reduce rapid eye movement density. Building on this, we studied the cognitive effects and electroencephalographic responses related to such stimulation. We used acoustic stimulation locked to eye movements during REM and compared two overnight conditions (stimulation and no-stimulation). We evaluated the impact of this stimulation on REM sleep duration and electrophysiology, as well as two REM-sensitive memory tasks: visual discrimination and mirror tracing. Our results show that this auditory stimulation in REM decreases the rapid eye movements that characterize REM sleep and improves performance on the visual task but is detrimental to the mirror tracing task. We also observed increased beta-band activity and decreased theta-band activity following stimulation. Interestingly, these spectral changes were associated with changes in behavioural performance. These results show that acoustic stimulation can modulate REM sleep and suggest that different memory processes underpin its divergent impacts on cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Navarrete
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Rd, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK.
- Psychology and Biobehavioral Sciences Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
| | - Viviana Greco
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Rd, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Martyna Rakowska
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Rd, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Michele Bellesi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, 62032, Camerino (MC), Italy
| | - Penelope A Lewis
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Rd, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK.
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Sánchez-Corzo A, Baum DM, Irani M, Hinrichs S, Reisenegger R, Whitaker GA, Born J, Sitaram R, Klinzing JG. Odor cueing of declarative memories during sleep enhances coordinated spindles and slow oscillations. Neuroimage 2024; 287:120521. [PMID: 38244877 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-term memories are formed by repeated reactivation of newly encoded information during sleep. This process can be enhanced by using memory-associated reminder cues like sounds and odors. While auditory cueing has been researched extensively, few electrophysiological studies have exploited the various benefits of olfactory cueing. We used high-density electroencephalography in an odor-cueing paradigm that was designed to isolate the neural responses specific to the cueing of declarative memories. We show widespread cueing-induced increases in the duration and rate of sleep spindles. Higher spindle rates were most prominent over centro-parietal areas and largely overlapping with a concurrent increase in the amplitude of slow oscillations (SOs). Interestingly, greater SO amplitudes were linked to a higher likelihood of coupling a spindle and coupled spindles expressed during cueing were more numerous in particular around SO up states. We thus identify temporally and spatially coordinated enhancements of sleep spindles and slow oscillations as a candidate mechanism behind cueing-induced memory processing. Our results further demonstrate the feasibility of studying neural activity patterns linked to such processing using olfactory cueing during sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sánchez-Corzo
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Multimodal Functional Brain Imaging and Neurorehabilitation Hub, Diagnostic Imaging Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States; Laboratory for Brain-Machine Interfaces and Neuromodulation, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul 7820436, Santiago, Chile.
| | - David M Baum
- Laboratory for Brain-Machine Interfaces and Neuromodulation, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul 7820436, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Martín Irani
- Laboratory for Brain-Machine Interfaces and Neuromodulation, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Svenja Hinrichs
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Renate Reisenegger
- Laboratory for Brain-Machine Interfaces and Neuromodulation, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Neurophysics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Centre for Mind, Brain and Behavior, Philipps-Universität Marburg and Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Grace A Whitaker
- Laboratory for Brain-Machine Interfaces and Neuromodulation, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Federico Santa María Technical University, Valparaíso 1680, Chile
| | - Jan Born
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany; Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Ranganatha Sitaram
- Multimodal Functional Brain Imaging and Neurorehabilitation Hub, Diagnostic Imaging Department, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States; Laboratory for Brain-Machine Interfaces and Neuromodulation, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul 7820436, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Jens G Klinzing
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany; Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
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Alipour M, Seok S, Mednick SC, Malerba P. A classification-based generative approach to selective targeting of global slow oscillations during sleep. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1342975. [PMID: 38415278 PMCID: PMC10896842 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1342975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Given sleep's crucial role in health and cognition, numerous sleep-based brain interventions are being developed, aiming to enhance cognitive function, particularly memory consolidation, by improving sleep. Research has shown that Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) during sleep can enhance memory performance, especially when used in a closed-loop (cl-tACS) mode that coordinates with sleep slow oscillations (SOs, 0.5-1.5Hz). However, sleep tACS research is characterized by mixed results across individuals, which are often attributed to individual variability. Objective/Hypothesis This study targets a specific type of SOs, widespread on the electrode manifold in a short delay ("global SOs"), due to their close relationship with long-term memory consolidation. We propose a model-based approach to optimize cl-tACS paradigms, targeting global SOs not only by considering their temporal properties but also their spatial profile. Methods We introduce selective targeting of global SOs using a classification-based approach. We first estimate the current elicited by various stimulation paradigms, and optimize parameters to match currents found in natural sleep during a global SO. Then, we employ an ensemble classifier trained on sleep data to identify effective paradigms. Finally, the best stimulation protocol is determined based on classification performance. Results Our study introduces a model-driven cl-tACS approach that specifically targets global SOs, with the potential to extend to other brain dynamics. This method establishes a connection between brain dynamics and stimulation optimization. Conclusion Our research presents a novel approach to optimize cl-tACS during sleep, with a focus on targeting global SOs. This approach holds promise for improving cl-tACS not only for global SOs but also for other physiological events, benefiting both research and clinical applications in sleep and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Alipour
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
- The Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - SangCheol Seok
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sara C. Mednick
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine CA, United States
| | - Paola Malerba
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
- The Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
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Dimulescu C, Donle L, Cakan C, Goerttler T, Khakimova L, Ladenbauer J, Flöel A, Obermayer K. Improving the detection of sleep slow oscillations in electroencephalographic data. Front Neuroinform 2024; 18:1338886. [PMID: 38375447 PMCID: PMC10875054 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2024.1338886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Study objectives We aimed to build a tool which facilitates manual labeling of sleep slow oscillations (SOs) and evaluate the performance of traditional sleep SO detection algorithms on such a manually labeled data set. We sought to develop improved methods for SO detection. Method SOs in polysomnographic recordings acquired during nap time from ten older adults were manually labeled using a custom built graphical user interface tool. Three automatic SO detection algorithms previously used in the literature were evaluated on this data set. Additional machine learning and deep learning algorithms were trained on the manually labeled data set. Results Our custom built tool significantly decreased the time needed for manual labeling, allowing us to manually inspect 96,277 potential SO events. The three automatic SO detection algorithms showed relatively low accuracy (max. 61.08%), but results were qualitatively similar, with SO density and amplitude increasing with sleep depth. The machine learning and deep learning algorithms showed higher accuracy (best: 99.20%) while maintaining a low prediction time. Conclusions Accurate detection of SO events is important for investigating their role in memory consolidation. In this context, our tool and proposed methods can provide significant help in identifying these events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Dimulescu
- Department of Software Engineering and Theoretical Computer Science, Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonhard Donle
- Department of Software Engineering and Theoretical Computer Science, Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Caglar Cakan
- Department of Software Engineering and Theoretical Computer Science, Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Goerttler
- Department of Software Engineering and Theoretical Computer Science, Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lilia Khakimova
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Julia Ladenbauer
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Agnes Flöel
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Klaus Obermayer
- Department of Software Engineering and Theoretical Computer Science, Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Jacob LPL, Bailes SM, Williams SD, Stringer C, Lewis LD. Distributed fMRI dynamics predict distinct EEG rhythms across sleep and wakefulness. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.29.577429. [PMID: 38352426 PMCID: PMC10862763 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.29.577429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The brain exhibits rich oscillatory dynamics that vary across tasks and states, such as the EEG oscillations that define sleep. These oscillations play critical roles in cognition and arousal, but the brainwide mechanisms underlying them are not yet described. Using simultaneous EEG and fast fMRI in subjects drifting between sleep and wakefulness, we developed a machine learning approach to investigate which brainwide fMRI dynamics predict alpha (8-12 Hz) and delta (1-4 Hz) rhythms. We predicted moment-by-moment EEG power from fMRI activity in held-out subjects, and found that information about alpha power was represented by a remarkably small set of regions, segregated in two distinct networks linked to arousal and visual systems. Conversely, delta rhythms were diffusely represented on a large spatial scale across the cortex. These results identify distributed networks that predict delta and alpha rhythms, and establish a computational framework for investigating fMRI brainwide dynamics underlying EEG oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro P L Jacob
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sydney M Bailes
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie D Williams
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Laura D Lewis
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA USA
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40
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Jourde HR, Merlo R, Brooks M, Rowe M, Coffey EBJ. The neurophysiology of closed-loop auditory stimulation in sleep: A magnetoencephalography study. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:613-640. [PMID: 37675803 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Closed-loop auditory stimulation (CLAS) is a brain modulation technique in which sounds are timed to enhance or disrupt endogenous neurophysiological events. CLAS of slow oscillation up-states in sleep is becoming a popular tool to study and enhance sleep's functions, as it increases slow oscillations, evokes sleep spindles and enhances memory consolidation of certain tasks. However, few studies have examined the specific neurophysiological mechanisms involved in CLAS, in part because of practical limitations to available tools. To evaluate evidence for possible models of how sound stimulation during brain up-states alters brain activity, we simultaneously recorded electro- and magnetoencephalography in human participants who received auditory stimulation across sleep stages. We conducted a series of analyses that test different models of pathways through which CLAS of slow oscillations may affect widespread neural activity that have been suggested in literature, using spatial information, timing and phase relationships in the source-localized magnetoencephalography data. The results suggest that auditory information reaches ventral frontal lobe areas via non-lemniscal pathways. From there, a slow oscillation is created and propagated. We demonstrate that while the state of excitability of tissue in auditory cortex and frontal ventral regions shows some synchrony with the electroencephalography (EEG)-recorded up-states that are commonly used for CLAS, it is the state of ventral frontal regions that is most critical for slow oscillation generation. Our findings advance models of how CLAS leads to enhancement of slow oscillations, sleep spindles and associated cognitive benefits and offer insight into how the effectiveness of brain stimulation techniques can be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo R Jourde
- Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre for Research on Brain, Language and Music (CRBLM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Quebec Bio-Imaging Network (QBIN), Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Mary Brooks
- Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre for Research on Brain, Language and Music (CRBLM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Quebec Bio-Imaging Network (QBIN), Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Emily B J Coffey
- Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre for Research on Brain, Language and Music (CRBLM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Quebec Bio-Imaging Network (QBIN), Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Weiner OM, O'Byrne J, Cross NE, Giraud J, Tarelli L, Yue V, Homer L, Walker K, Carbone R, Dang-Vu TT. Slow oscillation-spindle cross-frequency coupling predicts overnight declarative memory consolidation in older adults. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:662-685. [PMID: 37002805 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Cross-frequency coupling (CFC) between brain oscillations during non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep (e.g. slow oscillations [SO] and spindles) may be a neural mechanism of overnight memory consolidation. Declines in CFC across the lifespan might accompany coinciding memory problems with ageing. However, there are few reports of CFC changes during sleep after learning in older adults, controlling for baseline effects. Our objective was to examine NREM CFC in healthy older adults, with an emphasis on spindle activity and SOs from frontal electroencephalogram (EEG), during a learning night after a declarative learning task, as compared to a baseline night without learning. Twenty-five older adults (M [SD] age = 69.12 [5.53] years; 64% female) completed a two-night study, with a pre- and post-sleep word-pair associates task completed on the second night. SO-spindle coupling strength and a measure of coupling phase distance from the SO up-state were both examined for between-night differences and associations with memory consolidation. Coupling strength and phase distance from the up-state peak were both stable between nights. Change in coupling strength between nights was not associated with memory consolidation, but a shift in coupling phase towards (vs. away from) the up-state peak after learning predicted better memory consolidation. Also, an exploratory interaction model suggested that associations between coupling phase closer to the up-state peak and memory consolidation may be moderated by higher (vs. lower) coupling strength. This study supports a role for NREM CFC in sleep-related memory consolidation in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren M Weiner
- PERFORM Centre and Center for Studies in Behavioural Neurobiology, Department of Psychology and Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS Centre-Sud-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jordan O'Byrne
- PERFORM Centre and Center for Studies in Behavioural Neurobiology, Department of Psychology and Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nathan E Cross
- PERFORM Centre and Center for Studies in Behavioural Neurobiology, Department of Psychology and Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS Centre-Sud-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julia Giraud
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lukia Tarelli
- PERFORM Centre and Center for Studies in Behavioural Neurobiology, Department of Psychology and Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS Centre-Sud-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Victoria Yue
- PERFORM Centre and Center for Studies in Behavioural Neurobiology, Department of Psychology and Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Léa Homer
- PERFORM Centre and Center for Studies in Behavioural Neurobiology, Department of Psychology and Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Katherine Walker
- PERFORM Centre and Center for Studies in Behavioural Neurobiology, Department of Psychology and Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roxanne Carbone
- PERFORM Centre and Center for Studies in Behavioural Neurobiology, Department of Psychology and Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thien Thanh Dang-Vu
- PERFORM Centre and Center for Studies in Behavioural Neurobiology, Department of Psychology and Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS Centre-Sud-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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Aksamaz S, Mölle M, Akinola EO, Gromodka E, Bazhenov M, Marshall L. Single closed-loop acoustic stimulation targeting memory consolidation suppressed hippocampal ripple and thalamo-cortical spindle activity in mice. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:595-612. [PMID: 37605315 PMCID: PMC11214843 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Brain rhythms of sleep reflect neuronal activity underlying sleep-associated memory consolidation. The modulation of brain rhythms, such as the sleep slow oscillation (SO), is used both to investigate neurophysiological mechanisms as well as to measure the impact of sleep on presumed functional correlates. Previously, closed-loop acoustic stimulation in humans targeted to the SO Up-state successfully enhanced the slow oscillation rhythm and phase-dependent spindle activity, although effects on memory retention have varied. Here, we aim to disclose relations between stimulation-induced hippocampo-thalamo-cortical activity and retention performance on a hippocampus-dependent object-place recognition task in mice by applying acoustic stimulation at four estimated SO phases compared to sham condition. Across the 3-h retention interval at the beginning of the light phase closed-loop stimulation failed to improve retention significantly over sham. However, retention during SO Up-state stimulation was significantly higher than for another SO phase. At all SO phases, acoustic stimulation was accompanied by a sharp increase in ripple activity followed by about a second-long suppression of hippocampal sharp wave ripple and longer maintained suppression of thalamo-cortical spindle activity. Importantly, dynamics of SO-coupled hippocampal ripple activity distinguished SOUp-state stimulation. Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep was not impacted by stimulation, yet preREM sleep duration was effected. Results reveal the complex effect of stimulation on the brain dynamics and support the use of closed-loop acoustic stimulation in mice to investigate the inter-regional mechanisms underlying memory consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonat Aksamaz
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology,
University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein,
Lübeck, Germany
| | - Matthias Mölle
- University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein,
Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, Lübeck,
Germany
| | - Esther Olubukola Akinola
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology,
University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein,
Lübeck, Germany
| | - Erik Gromodka
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology,
University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Maxim Bazhenov
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego,
La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Marshall
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology,
University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein,
Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, Lübeck,
Germany
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43
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Horváth C, Ulbert I, Fiáth R. Propagating population activity patterns during spontaneous slow waves in the thalamus of rodents. Neuroimage 2024; 285:120484. [PMID: 38061688 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Slow waves (SWs) represent the most prominent electrophysiological events in the thalamocortical system under anesthesia and during deep sleep. Recent studies have revealed that SWs have complex spatiotemporal dynamics and propagate across neocortical regions. However, it is still unclear whether neuronal activity in the thalamus exhibits similar propagation properties during SWs. Here, we report propagating population activity in the thalamus of ketamine/xylazine-anesthetized rats and mice visualized by high-density silicon probe recordings. In both rodent species, propagation of spontaneous thalamic activity during up-states was most frequently observed in dorsal thalamic nuclei such as the higher order posterior (Po), lateral posterior (LP) or laterodorsal (LD) nuclei. The preferred direction of thalamic activity spreading was along the dorsoventral axis, with over half of the up-states exhibiting a gradual propagation in the ventral-to-dorsal direction. Furthermore, simultaneous neocortical and thalamic recordings collected under anesthesia demonstrated that there is a weak but noticeable interrelation between propagation patterns observed during cortical up-states and those displayed by thalamic population activity. In addition, using chronically implanted silicon probes, we detected propagating activity patterns in the thalamus of naturally sleeping rats during slow-wave sleep. However, in comparison to propagating up-states observed under anesthesia, these propagating patterns were characterized by a reduced rate of occurrence and a faster propagation speed. Our findings suggest that the propagation of spontaneous population activity is an intrinsic property of the thalamocortical network during synchronized brain states such as deep sleep or anesthesia. Additionally, our data implies that the neocortex may have partial control over the formation of propagation patterns within the dorsal thalamus under anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Horváth
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary; János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Ulbert
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary; Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Richárd Fiáth
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary; Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
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Schreiner T, Petzka M, Staudigl T, Staresina BP. Respiration modulates sleep oscillations and memory reactivation in humans. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8351. [PMID: 38110418 PMCID: PMC10728072 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43450-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effect of sleep on memory consolidation relies on the precise interplay of slow oscillations and spindles. However, whether these rhythms are orchestrated by an underlying pacemaker has remained elusive. Here, we tested the relationship between respiration, which has been shown to impact brain rhythms and cognition during wake, sleep-related oscillations and memory reactivation in humans. We re-analysed an existing dataset, where scalp electroencephalography and respiration were recorded throughout an experiment in which participants (N = 20) acquired associative memories before taking a nap. Our results reveal that respiration modulates the emergence of sleep oscillations. Specifically, slow oscillations, spindles as well as their interplay (i.e., slow-oscillation_spindle complexes) systematically increase towards inhalation peaks. Moreover, the strength of respiration - slow-oscillation_spindle coupling is linked to the extent of memory reactivation (i.e., classifier evidence in favour of the previously learned stimulus category) during slow-oscillation_spindles. Our results identify a clear association between respiration and memory consolidation in humans and highlight the role of brain-body interactions during sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schreiner
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany.
| | - Marit Petzka
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Psychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Staudigl
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Bernhard P Staresina
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Bender AC, Jaleel A, Pellerin KR, Moguilner S, Sarkis RA, Cash SS, Lam AD. Altered Sleep Microarchitecture and Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Neurology 2023; 101:e2376-e2387. [PMID: 37848332 PMCID: PMC10752648 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics of sleep waveforms in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and examine their association with cognition. METHODS In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, we examined overnight EEG data from adult patients with TLE and nonepilepsy comparisons (NECs) admitted to the epilepsy monitoring unit at Mass General Brigham hospitals. Automated algorithms were used to characterize sleep macroarchitecture (sleep stages) and microarchitecture (spindles, slow oscillations [SOs]) on scalp EEG and to detect hippocampal interictal epileptiform discharges (hIEDs) from foramen ovale electrodes simultaneously recorded in a subset of patients with TLE. We examined the association of sleep features and hIEDs with memory and executive function from clinical neuropsychological evaluations. RESULTS A total of 81 adult patients with TLE and 28 NEC adult patients were included with similar mean ages. There were no significant differences in sleep macroarchitecture between groups, including relative time spent in each sleep stage, sleep efficiency, and sleep fragmentation. By contrast, the spatiotemporal characteristics of sleep microarchitecture were altered in TLE compared with NEC and were associated with cognitive impairments. Specifically, we observed a ∼30% reduction in spindle density in patients with TLE compared with NEC, which was significantly associated with worse memory performance. Spindle-SO coupling strength was also reduced in TLE and, in contrast to spindles, was associated with diminished executive function. We found no significant association between sleep macroarchitectural and microarchitectural parameters and hIEDs. DISCUSSION There is a fundamental alteration of sleep microarchitecture in TLE, characterized by a reduction in spindle density and spindle-SO coupling, and these changes may contribute to neurocognitive comorbidity in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex C Bender
- From the Epilepsy Service (A.C.B., A.J., K.R.P., S.M., S.S.C., A.D.L.), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston; and Epilepsy Service (R.A.S.), Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
| | - Afareen Jaleel
- From the Epilepsy Service (A.C.B., A.J., K.R.P., S.M., S.S.C., A.D.L.), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston; and Epilepsy Service (R.A.S.), Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kyle R Pellerin
- From the Epilepsy Service (A.C.B., A.J., K.R.P., S.M., S.S.C., A.D.L.), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston; and Epilepsy Service (R.A.S.), Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sebastian Moguilner
- From the Epilepsy Service (A.C.B., A.J., K.R.P., S.M., S.S.C., A.D.L.), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston; and Epilepsy Service (R.A.S.), Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Rani A Sarkis
- From the Epilepsy Service (A.C.B., A.J., K.R.P., S.M., S.S.C., A.D.L.), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston; and Epilepsy Service (R.A.S.), Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sydney S Cash
- From the Epilepsy Service (A.C.B., A.J., K.R.P., S.M., S.S.C., A.D.L.), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston; and Epilepsy Service (R.A.S.), Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Alice D Lam
- From the Epilepsy Service (A.C.B., A.J., K.R.P., S.M., S.S.C., A.D.L.), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston; and Epilepsy Service (R.A.S.), Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Krone LB, Fehér KD, Rivero T, Omlin X. Brain stimulation techniques as novel treatment options for insomnia: A systematic review. J Sleep Res 2023; 32:e13927. [PMID: 37202368 PMCID: PMC10909439 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Despite the success of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia and recent advances in pharmacotherapy, many patients with insomnia do not sufficiently respond to available treatments. This systematic review aims to present the state of science regarding the use of brain stimulation approaches in treating insomnia. To this end, we searched MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO from inception to 24 March 2023. We evaluated studies that compared conditions of active stimulation with a control condition or group. Outcome measures included standardized insomnia questionnaires and/or polysomnography in adults with a clinical diagnosis of insomnia. Our search identified 17 controlled trials that met inclusion criteria, and assessed a total of 967 participants using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial electric stimulation, transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation or forehead cooling. No trials using other techniques such as deep brain stimulation, vestibular stimulation or auditory stimulation met the inclusion criteria. While several studies report improvements of subjective and objective sleep parameters for different repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial electric stimulation protocols, important methodological limitations and risk of bias limit their interpretability. A forehead cooling study found no significant group differences in the primary endpoints, but better sleep initiation in the active condition. Two transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation trials found no superiority of active stimulation for most outcome measures. Although modulating sleep through brain stimulation appears feasible, gaps in the prevailing models of sleep physiology and insomnia pathophysiology remain to be filled. Optimized stimulation protocols and proof of superiority over reliable sham conditions are indispensable before brain stimulation becomes a viable treatment option for insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas B. Krone
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Centre for Experimental NeurologyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, Sir Jules Thorn Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- The Kavli Institute for Nanoscience DiscoveryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Kristoffer D. Fehér
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), Division of Psychiatric SpecialtiesUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Tania Rivero
- Medical LibraryUniversity Library of Bern, University of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Ximena Omlin
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), Division of Psychiatric SpecialtiesUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
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Yoshida K, Toyoizumi T. Computational role of sleep in memory reorganization. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2023; 83:102799. [PMID: 37844426 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2023.102799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Sleep is considered to play an essential role in memory reorganization. Despite its importance, classical theoretical models did not focus on some sleep characteristics. Here, we review recent theoretical approaches investigating their roles in learning and discuss the possibility that non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep selectively consolidates memory, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep reorganizes the representations of memories. We first review the possibility that slow waves during NREM sleep contribute to memory selection by using sequential firing patterns and the existence of up and down states. Second, we discuss the role of dreaming during REM sleep in developing neuronal representations. We finally discuss how to develop these points further, emphasizing the connections to experimental neuroscience and machine learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Yoshida
- Laboratory for Neural Computation and Adaptation, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Mathematical Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Taro Toyoizumi
- Laboratory for Neural Computation and Adaptation, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Mathematical Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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48
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Van den Bulcke L, Peeters AM, Heremans E, Davidoff H, Borzée P, De Vos M, Emsell L, Van den Stock J, De Roo M, Tournoy J, Buyse B, Vandenbulcke M, Van Audenhove C, Testelmans D, Van Den Bossche M. Acoustic stimulation as a promising technique to enhance slow-wave sleep in Alzheimer's disease: results of a pilot study. J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:2107-2112. [PMID: 37593850 PMCID: PMC10692948 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Sleep disturbances are common in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and a reduction in slow-wave activity is the most striking underlying change. Acoustic stimulation has emerged as a promising approach to enhance slow-wave activity in healthy adults and people with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. In this phase 1 study we investigated, for the first time, the feasibility of acoustic stimulation in AD and piloted the effect on slow-wave sleep (SWS). METHODS Eleven adults with mild to moderate AD first wore the DREEM 2 headband for 2 nights to establish a baseline registration. Using machine learning, the DREEM 2 headband automatically scores sleep stages in real time. Subsequently, the participants wore the headband for 14 consecutive "stimulation nights" at home. During these nights, the device applied phase-locked acoustic stimulation of 40-dB pink noise delivered over 2 bone-conductance transducers targeted to the up-phase of the delta wave or SHAM, if it detected SWS in sufficiently high-quality data. RESULTS Results of the DREEM 2 headband algorithm show a significant average increase in SWS (minutes) [t(3.17) = 33.57, P = .019] between the beginning and end of the intervention, almost twice as much time was spent in SWS. Consensus scoring of electroencephalography data confirmed this trend of more time spent in SWS [t(2.4) = 26.07, P = .053]. CONCLUSIONS Our phase 1 study provided the first evidence that targeted acoustic stimuli is feasible and could increase SWS in AD significantly. Future studies should further test and optimize the effect of stimulation on SWS in AD in a large randomized controlled trial. CITATION Van den Bulcke L, Peeters A-M, Heremans E, et al. Acoustic stimulation as a promising technique to enhance slow-wave sleep in Alzheimer's disease: results of a pilot study. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(12):2107-2112.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Van den Bulcke
- Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neuropsychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anne-Marie Peeters
- Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neuropsychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Hannah Davidoff
- Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- CSH (Circuits and Systems for Health) - imec, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Pascal Borzée
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten De Vos
- Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Louise Emsell
- Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neuropsychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Translational MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Van den Stock
- Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neuropsychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maaike De Roo
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jos Tournoy
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bertien Buyse
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Vandenbulcke
- Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neuropsychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chantal Van Audenhove
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- LUCAS, Center for Care Research and Consultancy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dries Testelmans
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Van Den Bossche
- Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neuropsychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Vickrey B, Lerner I. Overnight exposure to pink noise could jeopardize sleep-dependent insight and pattern detection. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1302836. [PMID: 38107593 PMCID: PMC10722168 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1302836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulated evidence from the past decades suggests that sleep plays a crucial role in memory consolidation and the facilitation of higher-level cognitive processes such as abstraction and gist extraction. In addition, recent studies show that applying pink noise during sleep can further enhance sleep-dependent memory consolidation, potentially by modulating sleep physiology through stochastic resonance. However, whether this enhancement extends to higher cognitive processes remains untested. In this study, we investigated how the application of open-loop pink noise during sleep influences the gain of insight into hidden patterns. Seventy-two participants were assigned to three groups: daytime-wake, silent sleep, and sleep with pink noise. Each group completed the number reduction task, an established insight paradigm known to be influenced by sleep, over two sessions with a 12-h interval. Sleep groups were monitored by the DREEM 3 headband in home settings. Contrary to our prediction, pink noise did not induce an increase in insight compared to silent sleep and was statistically more similar to the wake condition despite evidence for its typical influence on sleep physiology. Particularly, we found that pink noise limited the time spent in the initial cycle of N1 just after sleep onset, while time spent in N1 positively predicted insight. These results echo recent suggestions that the time in the initial cycle of N1 plays a critical role in insight formation. Overall, our results suggest that open-loop pink noise during sleep may be detrimental to insight formation and creativity due to the alterations it causes to normal sleep architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly Vickrey
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Itamar Lerner
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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Bernard C, Frauscher B, Gelinas J, Timofeev I. Sleep, oscillations, and epilepsy. Epilepsia 2023; 64 Suppl 3:S3-S12. [PMID: 37226640 PMCID: PMC10674035 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Sleep and wake are defined through physiological and behavioral criteria and can be typically separated into non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep stages N1, N2, and N3, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and wake. Sleep and wake states are not homogenous in time. Their properties vary during the night and day cycle. Given that brain activity changes as a function of NREM, REM, and wake during the night and day cycle, are seizures more likely to occur during NREM, REM, or wake at a specific time? More generally, what is the relationship between sleep-wake cycles and epilepsy? We will review specific examples from clinical data and results from experimental models, focusing on the diversity and heterogeneity of these relationships. We will use a top-down approach, starting with the general architecture of sleep, followed by oscillatory activities, and ending with ionic correlates selected for illustrative purposes, with respect to seizures and interictal spikes. The picture that emerges is that of complexity; sleep disruption and pathological epileptic activities emerge from reorganized circuits. That different circuit alterations can occur across patients and models may explain why sleep alterations and the timing of seizures during the sleep-wake cycle are patient-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Birgit Frauscher
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jennifer Gelinas
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Igor Timofeev
- Faculté de Médecine, Département de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche CERVO, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J2G3, Canada
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