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Khorrami M, Khorrami F, Haghani K, Fathy Karkaragh F, Khodashenas A, Souri S. Gender differences in sleep quality among Iranian traditional and industrial drug users. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2024; 17:100104. [PMID: 39070941 PMCID: PMC11283124 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2024.100104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
•The findings emphasize gender differences in sleep quality among different cultures, races, and ethnicities.•There are gender differences in sleep quality in Iranian traditional and industrial drug users.•Industrial drug users have a lower quality of sleep than traditional drug users.•The sleep quality of drug users (traditional and industrial) is lower than that of healthy people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Khorrami
- Islamic Azad University, Tehran Science & Research Branch (Isfahan), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khorrami
- Faculty of Paramedicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Kosar Haghani
- Department of Social Sciences University of Mazandaran Babolsar, Iran
| | | | - Ayda Khodashenas
- Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Souri
- General Psychology in Payam Nour University, Branch Amol, Amol, Iran
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Fang Y, Huang ST. Gender differences in sleep behaviors under China's universal two-child policy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19051. [PMID: 39154053 PMCID: PMC11330461 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69799-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Since 2016, China has progressively relaxed family planning policies to stimulate birth rates. This paper examines the behavioral health repercussions of China's 2016 universal two-child policy (UTCP) by analyzing sleep pattern data from China Family Panel Studies. Napping is a composite indicator that denotes health outcomes, job quality, and personal well-being. It reveals work conditions and environments to some extent. UTCP may lead to heightened social expectations regarding pregnancy likelihood, and changes in social expectations within the workplace may make work environments less equitable and more stressful for females. Leveraging a difference-in-difference model, this paper explores how napping behaviors among the working-age cohort have responded to the policy shifts. Our analysis reveals a gender discrepancy in response to the policy, specifically, females exhibit a discernible reduction in the likelihood of napping, as well as in the duration of both daytime naps and daily sleep. Conversely, such effects are not significant among males. These results suggest policy consequences extend beyond individuals directly impacted by childbirth or contemplating parenthood. Hence, while promoting fertility is still the government's goal, policymakers are encouraged to consider the broader challenges the female population faces from social and workplace environment factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- School of Public Finance and Taxation, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, 555 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shih-Ting Huang
- School of Public Finance and Taxation, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, 555 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
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Msaad S, Ketata N, Kammoun N, Gargouri R, Khemakhem R, Abid S, Bader S, Efidha S, Abid N, El Ghoul J, Sahnoun I, Altalaa H, Jdidi J, Jlidi M, Keskes Boudaouara N, Gargouri I, Bahloul N, Kammoun S. Sleep Habits and Disturbances Among Tunisian Adults: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey. Nat Sci Sleep 2024; 16:675-698. [PMID: 38854484 PMCID: PMC11162229 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s456879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sleep quality and disturbances have gained heightened scholarly attention due to their well-established association with both mental and physical health. This study aims to assess sleep-wake habits and disturbances in Tunisian adults. Methodology This cross-sectional study employed an online questionnaire to assess 3074 adults ≥ 18 years. Primary outcomes, including sleep quality, daytime vigilance, mood, and subjective well-being, were measured using validated questionnaires [the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9, and the World Health Organisation-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5)]. Results Less than two-thirds (n= 1941; 63.1%) of participants were females and the mean age was 36.25±13.56. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 53.8% when defined as a PSQI > 5. The prevalence of insomnia, short sleep duration, long sleep duration, EDS, severe depression, and poor well-being were 14.5%, 34.7%, 12.3%, 32.4%, 7.4%, and 40.2%, respectively. Some factors were associated with an increased likelihood of poor sleep quality, including female gender, chronic hypnotics use, internet use close to bedtime, daily time spent on the internet >3 hours, smoking, university- level education, nocturnal work, severe depression, impaired well-being status, insomnia, and EDS. Conclusion The high prevalence of sleep-wake disturbances among Tunisian adults emphasizes the need for an appropriate screening strategy for high-risk groups. Individuals with unhealthy habits and routines were significantly more likely to experience these kinds of disturbances. Consequently, there is a pressing need for educational programs on sleep to foster healthier sleep patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Msaad
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Hedi Chaker University Hospital of Sfax, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nouha Ketata
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hedi Chaker University Hospital of Sfax, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nesrine Kammoun
- Tunisian Occupational Health and Safety Institute, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rahma Gargouri
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Hedi Chaker University Hospital of Sfax, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rim Khemakhem
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Hedi Chaker University Hospital of Sfax, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sourour Abid
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Hedi Chaker University Hospital of Sfax, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Saeb Bader
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Hedi Chaker University Hospital of Sfax, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sabrine Efidha
- Department of Pneumology, Abderrahman Mami University Hospital of Ariana, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Narjes Abid
- Department of Pneumology, Mohamed Taher Maamouri University Hospital of Nabeul, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Jamel El Ghoul
- Department of Pneumology, Habib Bourguiba University Hospital of Medenine, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Imen Sahnoun
- Department of Pneumology, Abderrahman Mami University Hospital of Ariana, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hazem Altalaa
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Hedi Chaker University Hospital of Sfax, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jihen Jdidi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hedi Chaker University Hospital of Sfax, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Jlidi
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Mohamed Taher Maâmouri University Hospital of Nabeul, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis EL Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Keskes Boudaouara
- Department of Pneumology, Taher Sfar University Hospital of Mahdia, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Imen Gargouri
- Department of Pneumology, Farhat Hached University Hospital of Sousse, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Najla Bahloul
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Hedi Chaker University Hospital of Sfax, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Samy Kammoun
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Hedi Chaker University Hospital of Sfax, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Edmed SL, Huda MM, Smith SS, Seib C, Porter-Steele J, Anderson D, McCarthy AL. Prevalence and predictors of sleep problems in women following a cancer diagnosis: results from the women's wellness after cancer program. J Cancer Surviv 2024; 18:960-971. [PMID: 36823494 PMCID: PMC11082004 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-023-01346-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Using a discrete dataset from the Women's Wellness after Cancer Program (WWACP), we examine the prevalence and predictors of self-reported sleep problems in women previously treated for cancer. METHODS Participants were 351 women (Mage = 53.2, SD = 8.8) from the WWACP who had completed surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy for breast, gynaecological or blood cancers within the previous 24 months. Sleep problems were measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Baseline data (i.e. prior to intervention randomisation) were analysed. RESULTS Most women (59%) reported clinically significant sleep disturbance (PSQI > 5), 40% reported insufficient sleep duration (< 7 h), 38% self-reported poor sleep quality and 28% reported poor habitual sleep efficiency (sleep efficiency < 75%). Fewer psychological and vasomotor climacteric symptoms, age < 45 years and having a partner were associated with reduced odds (AOR < 1) of sleep problems. Higher levels of pain-related disability, and an intermediate compared to 'high' level of education, were associated with increased odds (AOR > 1) of sleep problems. CONCLUSIONS These findings confirm previous studies that have found a high prevalence of sleep problems in women previously treated for cancer. A range of sociodemographic, climacteric and pain-related factors were associated with sleep problems in this study. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Targeted interventions to improve sleep quality after cancer treatment should be explored in this population. Predictors identified in this study could inform intervention targeting and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon L Edmed
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, 80 Meiers Rd, Indooroopilly QLD, Brisbane, 4068, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families Over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - M Mamun Huda
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, 80 Meiers Rd, Indooroopilly QLD, Brisbane, 4068, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families Over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Simon S Smith
- Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, 80 Meiers Rd, Indooroopilly QLD, Brisbane, 4068, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families Over the Life Course, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for the Digital Child, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Charrlotte Seib
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Southport Queensland, 4215, Australia
| | - Janine Porter-Steele
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- The Wesley Hospital Choices Cancer Support Centre, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Debra Anderson
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexandra L McCarthy
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Mater Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Leu J, Huang KC, Chen PR, Pan WH. Healthcare Service Providers' Perspectives on Sociocultural Aspects Affecting Weight Management Activities Amongst People with Obesity in Taiwan-A Qualitative Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:1540. [PMID: 38794778 PMCID: PMC11124406 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and morbid obesity in Taiwan has risen sharply in recent decades, as in other parts of the world, necessitating urgent action to prevent and curb its detrimental effects. Asian populations are susceptible to the repercussions of obesity at a lower body weight. A higher BMI is associated with more frequent outpatient visits, in-hospital admissions, higher medical costs, and a lower quality of life. However, effective weight management approaches are unlikely to be maintained in the long term without assimilation into daily lifestyle practices. This qualitative study, based on semi-structured interviews with 14 doctors, dieticians, and nurses who work to control the weight of people with obesity, explored and identified multilevel barriers in the context of daily life to improve the efficacy and execution of weight management strategies. They considered diets, physical activity, and sleep as key weight management activities. The cultural and psychosocial aspects of daily life were observed to have an impact upon weight management, particularly family conflicts due to cultural dynamics and socially and culturally reinforced food practices. To improve population weight, less-recognised aspects need to be addressed alongside the inclusion of mental health specialists in weight management protocols and policy interventions to minimise obesogenic practices and create environments conducive to weight management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodie Leu
- Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chin Huang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Pey-Rong Chen
- Department of Dietetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Harn Pan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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Barve A, Thomas Tobin CS. Cross-sectional evaluation of the multidimensional indicators of psychosocial functioning and its sociodemographic correlates among Indian adults: WHO SAGE Study (2007-2010). PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0003102. [PMID: 38662761 PMCID: PMC11045086 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0003102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and psychosocial functioning (PF) among Indian adults. Data (N = 11,230) for this study came from the World Health Organization's SAGE (Longitudinal Study of Global Aging and Adult Health) Wave 1 2007-2010. First, multivariable regression analyses (logistic or linear regression depending on the outcome variable) were run to evaluate whether PF indicators varied by gender after controlling other sociodemographic characteristics. Next, the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and PF indicators was examined using ordinary least square regression (OLS) models and logistic regression models, separately for men and women. Specifically, the PF indicators, including social indicators of interpersonal relationship difficulty, social connectedness, and personal indicators of sleep, affect, perceived quality of life, and cognition were each regressed on sociodemographic factors. All analyses in the study were cross-sectional in nature and conducted using STATA version 15.1. Overall, the study found significant sociodemographic differences in PF among Indian adults that also varied by gender. As such, social and/or economic disadvantage was associated with poorer PF. However, the results demonstrated that socioeconomic patterns in PF were much more nuanced among women than among men. This study adds to previous research on PF in India and provides new insights into how sociodemographic characteristics shape it. A major research implication of this finding is that inconsistent with assumptions of previous research, an increase in SES is not always linked to proportionate increases in PF among women. The study also makes a compelling case for separately examining multiple non-clinical outcomes of psychosocial health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Barve
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United State of America
| | - Courney S. Thomas Tobin
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United State of America
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Correia ATL, Forshaw PE, Roden LC, Lipinska G, Rauch HGL, Lambert EV, Layden BT, Reutrakul S, Crowley SJ, Luke A, Dugas LR, Rae DE. Associations between fears related to safety during sleep and self-reported sleep in men and women living in a low-socioeconomic status setting. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3609. [PMID: 38351245 PMCID: PMC10864334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54032-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
South Africans living in low socioeconomic areas have self-reported unusually long sleep durations (approximately 9-10 h). One hypothesis is that these long durations may be a compensatory response to poor sleep quality as a result of stressful environments. This study aimed to investigate whether fear of not being safe during sleep is associated with markers of sleep quality or duration in men and women. South Africans (n = 411, 25-50 y, 57% women) of African-origin living in an urban township, characterised by high crime and poverty rates, participated in this study. Participants are part of a larger longitudinal cohort study: Modelling the Epidemiologic Transition Study (METS)-Microbiome. Customised questions were used to assess the presence or absence of fears related to feeling safe during sleep, and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Insomnia Severity Index were used to assess daytime sleepiness, sleep quality and insomnia symptom severity respectively. Adjusted logistic regression models indicated that participants who reported fears related to safety during sleep were more likely to report poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5) compared to participants not reporting such fears and that this relationship was stronger among men than women. This is one of the first studies outside American or European populations to suggest that poor quality sleep is associated with fear of personal safety in low-SES South African adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arron T L Correia
- Health Through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport (HPALS) Research Centre and Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa.
| | - Philippa E Forshaw
- Health Through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport (HPALS) Research Centre and Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Laura C Roden
- Centre for Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 2DS, UK
| | - Gosia Lipinska
- Department of Psychology, Humanities Faculty, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - H G Laurie Rauch
- Health Through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport (HPALS) Research Centre and Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Estelle V Lambert
- Health Through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport (HPALS) Research Centre and Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Brian T Layden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sirimon Reutrakul
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephanie J Crowley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Biological Rhythms Research Laboratory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amy Luke
- Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Lara R Dugas
- Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dale E Rae
- Health Through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport (HPALS) Research Centre and Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
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Weston G, Zilanawala A, Webb E, Carvalho L, McMunn A. Work hours, weekend working, nonstandard work schedules and sleep quantity and quality: findings from the UK household longitudinal study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:309. [PMID: 38281025 PMCID: PMC10821573 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17762-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atypical temporal work patterns such as working longer than the standard 35-40 h/ week, weekend working, and nonstandard work schedules (i.e. outside of the typical 9-5, including but not restricted to shiftwork) are increasingly prevalent in the UK. Aside from occupation-specific studies, little is known about the effects of these atypical temporal work patterns on sleep among workers in the UK, even though poor sleep has been linked to adverse health problems, lower workplace productivity, and economic costs. METHOD We used regression models to investigate associations between three types of atypical temporal work patterns (long and short weekly work hours, weekend working, and nonstandard schedules) and sleep duration and disturbance using data from over 25,000 employed men and women from 2012-2014 and/or 2015-2017 in the UK Household Longitudinal Study, adjusting for potential confounders and psychosocial work factors. RESULTS We found that relative to a standard 35-40 h/week, working 55 h/week or more was related to short sleep (less than 7 h/night) and sleep disturbance. Working most/all weekends compared to non-weekends was associated with short sleep, long sleep (more than 8 h/night), and sleep disturbance, as was working nonstandard schedules relative to standard schedules (fixed day-time schedules). Further analyses suggested some gender differences. CONCLUSIONS These results should prompt employers and policymakers to recognise the need for rest and recovery, consider how the timing and scheduling of work might be improved to better support workers' health and productivity, and consider appropriate compensation for anyone required to work atypical temporal work patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Weston
- ESRC International Centre for Lifecourse Studies, Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Afshin Zilanawala
- Department of Social Statistics and Demography, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Elizabeth Webb
- Age UK, 7th Floor, One America Square, 17 Crosswall, London, EC3N 2LB, UK
| | - Livia Carvalho
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Anne McMunn
- ESRC International Centre for Lifecourse Studies, Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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Costa-Font J, Fleche S, Pagan R. The labour market returns to sleep. JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS 2024; 93:102840. [PMID: 37995463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2023.102840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite the growing prevalence of insufficient sleep among individuals, we still know little about the labour market return to sleep. To address this gap, we use longitudinal data from Germany and leverage exogenous fluctuations in sleep duration caused by variations in time and local sunset times. Our findings reveal that a one-hour increase in weekly sleep is associated with a 1.6 percentage point rise in employment and a 3.4% increase in weekly earnings. Such effect on earnings stems from productivity improvements given that the number of working hours decreases with longer sleep duration. We also identify a key mechanism driving these effects, namely the enhanced mental well-being experienced by individuals who sleep longer hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Costa-Font
- London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), United Kingdom; IZA, Germany; CESifo, Germany.
| | - Sarah Fleche
- University Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne, CNRS, Sorbonne Economics Centre, France; Centre for Economic Performance (LSE), United Kingdom.
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10
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Delgado A, Louis JM. Sleep Deficiency in Pregnancy. Sleep Med Clin 2023; 18:559-571. [PMID: 38501527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2023.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Sleep is a critical aspect of one's daily life for overall health, with a recommended 7 to 9 hours in adulthood (ages 26-64). Up to a third of women do not sleep sufficiently, and pregnant women are at an increased risk for sleep deficiency. Throughout pregnancy, sleep is affected in differing ways. For example, in the first trimester, hormones affect sleep cycles, but by the third trimester, physical complaints such as increasing frequent urination and fetal movement create frequent awakenings. Associations between sleep deficiency and gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, depression, and some evidence regarding preterm birth exist. A woman's labor course and perception of delivery are also negatively affected by short sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlin Delgado
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 2 Tampa General Circle, Tampa, FL 33606, USA
| | - Judette M Louis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 2 Tampa General Circle, Tampa, FL 33606, USA.
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11
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Chai L. Financial Strain and Psychological Distress Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Moderated Mediation Model. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK 2023; 66:1120-1132. [PMID: 37139587 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2023.2207611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the association between financial strain and psychological distress among middle-aged and older adults, exploring how this association is mediated by sleep problems and moderated by marital status. A subsample of 12,095 adults aged 50 and older was selected from the 2018 National Health Interview Survey. Results showed that financial strain was associated with higher psychological distress, and sleep problems partially mediated this association. Marital status moderated the association between sleep problems and psychological distress, and between financial strain and psychological distress, but not between financial strain and sleep problems. These findings partially support the stress-buffering role of marriage. The study offers valuable insights into the complex relationship between financial strain, sleep problems, marital status, and psychological distress among middle-aged and older adults in the United States, highlighting the need for interventions targeting financial stressors and sleep problems, especially for unmarried individuals, to improve mental health outcomes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chai
- Department of Sociology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Fjermestad KW, Finnbakk RR, Solbakk AK, Gravholt CH, Huster RJ. Subjective versus objective sleep in men with Klinefelter syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:260. [PMID: 37658437 PMCID: PMC10472643 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02822-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate sleep among men with Klinefelter syndrome (KS). METHOD We compared the sleep domains latency, disturbance, and efficiency in 30 men with KS (M age = 36.7 years, SD = 10.6) to 21 age-matched non-KS controls (M age = 36.8 years, SD = 14.4). Actigraphs were used to objectively measure sleep across 7 days and nights. Participants also completed a sleep diary over the same period, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). RESULTS The mean correlation between the objective and subjective sleep measures was lower for the KS sample (M r = .15) than for controls (M r = .34). Sleep disturbance was significantly larger in the KS sample, as measured by actigraphy (p = .022, d = 0.71) and the PSQI (p = .037, d = 0.61). In regression models predicting sleep domains from KS status, age, educational level, vocational status, IQ, and mental health, KS status was not a significant predictor. Higher age was associated with more actigraphy-measured sleep disturbance. Higher educational level and being employed were associated with better sleep efficiency. CONCLUSIONS Sleep disturbance may be a particular problem for men with KS and should be measured with complimentary methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- K W Fjermestad
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Forskningsveien 3a, 0373, Oslo, Norway.
- Frambu Resource Centre for Rare Disorders, Siggerud, Norway.
| | - R R Finnbakk
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Forskningsveien 3a, 0373, Oslo, Norway
| | - A-K Solbakk
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Forskningsveien 3a, 0373, Oslo, Norway
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neuropsychology, Helgeland Hospital, Mosjøen, Norway
| | - C H Gravholt
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - R J Huster
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Forskningsveien 3a, 0373, Oslo, Norway
- Sleep Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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13
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Klimt F, Jacobi C, Brähler E, Stöbel-Richter Y, Zenger M, Berth H. Insomnia symptoms in adulthood. Prevalence and incidence over 25 years. Sleep Med 2023; 109:240-244. [PMID: 37480825 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND Despite its high prevalence, little information is available about the course of insomnia symptoms over the life span. In this study, we analyzed the self-reported insomnia symptoms of the general population over more than 20 years, covering young up to middle adulthood. PATIENTS/METHODS Data from waves 12 to 32 of the Saxon Longitudinal Study (1996-2021), were analyzed. Based on data from the 12th wave, n = 115 adults (48 men (41.7%), 67 women (58.3%), Mage = 23.59, SD = 0.59) completed the G-Score Item #3 in the following 18 waves, thus forming the basis for our analyses. The G-Score Item #3 reads "In the last 12 months, have you had the following complaints? Please indicate how often they occurred - Insomnia". The G-Score Item #3 was dichotomized using a cut-off score of 2, and prevalence and incidence rates were calculated by gender. RESULTS The minimum prevalence rate was 23.48% (Mage = 32.11, SD = 0.40), and the maximum was 47.83% (Mage = 48.43, SD = 0.64), indicating an increase in insomnia symptoms with age. In most cases, no evidence was found for gender differences in prevalence rates. The incidence rates were 10.43% for the 1st year of follow-up and 8.7% for the 5th year and 6th year of follow-up, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study provides further evidence for the high prevalence rates of insomnia symptoms in the general population. As this study is the first epidemiological study of insomnia symptoms based on a single-item (screening) instrument, it should be rather seen as an extension than a replication of previous study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Klimt
- Technische Universität Dresden, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Research Group Applied Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Clara Jacobi
- Technische Universität Dresden, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Disruption and Societal Change Center TUDiSC, 01217, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Elmar Brähler
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, 55131, Mainz, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Yve Stöbel-Richter
- University of Applied Science Zittau/Görlitz, Faculty of Management and Cultural Studies, 02826, Görlitz, Germany.
| | - Markus Zenger
- University of Applied Sciences Magdeburg-Stendal, 39576, Stendal, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center AdiposityDiseases - Behavioral Medicine, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Hendrik Berth
- Technische Universität Dresden, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Research Group Applied Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
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14
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Xu JJ, Lin GJ, Fang F, Yu J. Relationship between self-reported sleep and cognitive function: a specification curve analysis. Cogn Process 2023; 24:451-462. [PMID: 36952054 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-023-01133-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between self-reported sleep and cognitive function is complex; it is unclear whether self-reported sleep is a robust correlate of people's cognitive function. We address this gap by using a comprehensive large-scale dataset (N = 1054) coupled with a novel modeling approach, specification curve analysis (SCA), to test the association between self-reported sleep and cognitive function. The results of the SCA showed robust correlations between self-reported sleep and cognitive function, with poorer sleep associated with worse cognitive function. Furthermore, the correlations between sleep components and cognitive function were heterogeneous, with differences emerging across cognitive measures and domains. Specifically, daytime dysfunction was associated with the strongest effect on subjective cognitive function, whereas sleep duration and sleep efficiency had the strongest effect on objective cognitive function. Therefore, the relationship between self-reported sleep and cognition depends largely on what and how cognitive function is measured. Our findings guide measurement and domain selection for future research on the role of sleep in cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jie Xu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guo-Jun Lin
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Fang
- University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jing Yu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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15
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Jin Y, Li J, Ye J, Luo X, Wilson A, Mu L, Zhou P, Lv Y, Wang Y. Mapping associations between anxiety and sleep problems among outpatients in high-altitude areas: a network analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:341. [PMID: 37189050 PMCID: PMC10184966 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04767-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety and sleep problems are common comorbidities among outpatients living in high-altitude areas. Network analysis is a novel method to investigate the interaction and the association between symptoms across diverse disorders. This study used network analysis to investigate the network structure symptoms of anxiety and sleep problems among outpatients in high-altitude areas, and to explore the differences in symptom associations in various sex, age, educational levels and employment groups. METHODS The data was collected from the Sleep Medicine Center of The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from November 2017 to January 2021 with consecutive recruitment (N = 11,194). Anxiety and sleep problems were measured by the Chinese version of the seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) respectively. Central symptoms were identified based on centrality indices and bridge symptoms were identified with bridge indices. The difference of network structures in various sex, age, educational levels and employment groups were also explored. RESULTS Among all the cases, 6,534 (58.37%; 95% CI: 57.45-59.29%) reported experiencing anxiety (GAD-7 total scores ≥ 5), and 7,718 (68.94%; 95% CI: 68.08-69.80%) reported experiencing sleep problems (PSQI total scores ≥ 10). Based on the results of network analysis, among participants, "Nervousness", "Trouble relaxing", "Uncontrollable worry" were the most critical central symptoms and bridge symptoms within the anxiety and sleep problems network structure. The adjusted network model after controlling for covariates was significantly correlated with the original (r = 0.75, P = 0.46). Additionally, there were significant differences in edge weights in the comparisons between sex, age and educational levels groups (P < 0.001), while the employed and unemployed groups did not show significant differences in edge weights (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In the anxiety and sleep problems network model, among outpatients living in high-altitude areas, nervousness, uncontrollable worry, and trouble relaxing were the most central symptoms and bridge symptoms. Moreover, there were significant differences between various sex, age and educational levels. These findings can be used to provide clinical suggestions for psychological interventions and measures targeting to reduce symptoms that exacerbate mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin
- College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Sleep Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xianyu Luo
- College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Amanda Wilson
- Division of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Lanxue Mu
- Department of Sleep Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Pinyi Zhou
- Department of Sleep Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yunhui Lv
- Department of Sleep Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
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16
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Papadopoulos D, Sosso FAE. Socioeconomic status and sleep health: a narrative synthesis of 3 decades of empirical research. J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:605-620. [PMID: 36239056 PMCID: PMC9978435 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES This review aims to assess the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and sleep health in the general population and the mediating effects of lifestyle and mental and physical health in this relationship. METHODS Observational studies testing the independent association between objective or subjective SES indicators and behavioral/physiological or clinical sleep health variables in the general population were included. PubMed/MEDLINE was searched for reports published from January 1990 to December 2019. The direction of effect was used as the primary effect measure, testing the hypothesis that low SES is associated with poor sleep health outcomes. Results are presented in the form of direction effect plots and synthesized as binomial proportions. RESULTS Overall, 336 studies were identified. A high proportion of effects at the expected direction was noted for measures of sleep continuity (100% for sleep latency, 50-100% for awakenings, 66.7-100% for sleep efficiency), symptoms of disturbed sleep (75-94.1% for insomnia, 66.7-100% for sleep-disordered breathing, 60-100% for hypersomnia), and general sleep satisfaction (62.5-100%), while the effect on sleep duration was inconsistent and depended on the specific SES variable (92.3% for subjective SES, 31.7% for employment status). Lifestyle habits, chronic illnesses, and psychological factors were identified as key mediators of the SES-sleep relationship. CONCLUSIONS Unhealthy behaviors, increased stress levels, and limited access to health care in low-SES individuals may explain the SES-sleep health gradient. However, the cross-sectional design of most studies and the high heterogeneity in employed measures of SES and sleep limit the quality of evidence. Further research is warranted due to important implications for health issues and policy changes. CITATION Papadopoulos D, Etindele Sosso FA. Socioeconomic status and sleep health: a narrative synthesis of 3 decades of empirical research. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(3):605-620.
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17
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Chao SY, Perelli-Harris B, Berrington A, Blom N. Sleep hours and quality before and after baby: Inequalities by gender and partnership. ADVANCES IN LIFE COURSE RESEARCH 2023; 55:100518. [PMID: 36942639 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcr.2022.100518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
While prior studies have examined sleep across the lifecourse, few studies have investigated sleep around the birth of a child, one of the most important events to cause sleep deprivation. This study investigates changes in sleep hours and quality, paying attention to differences by gender and partnership status. Using the UK Household Longitudinal Study, we follow approximately 1,000 participants as they transition into parenthood in a three-year window. We use OLS and logistic regression to analyze changes in sleep hours and sleep quality. Results suggest that women's sleep is reduced by an average of 0.7 hours (42 min) on becoming a mother. Whilst before parenthood women sleep more than men, after childbirth women and men sleep similar amounts. Cohabiting men experience a greater reduction in sleep by around 0.5 hours (30 min) than married men, to the level similar to women, suggesting that new cohabiting fathers may experience more sleep disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yi Chao
- Academia Sinica, Taiwan; University of Southampton, UK.
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18
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Charlton RA, McQuaid GA, Bishop L, Lee NR, Wallace GL. Predictors of sleep quality for autistic people across adulthood. Autism Res 2023; 16:757-771. [PMID: 36639914 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Poor sleep can have a significant impact on physical health and well-being. Sleep problems are common among autistic children, but less is known about sleep across the autistic adult lifespan. Autistic adults (n = 730, aged 18-78 years) were recruited via Simons Powering Autism Research for Knowledge Research Match. Participants completed online surveys asking about demographics, health problems, social support, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and overall and specific aspects of sleep quality. Regression analyses explored the variables associated with sleep quality. Physical health, assigned female sex at birth and self-reported anxiety symptoms significantly contributed to models for all aspects of sleep. Perceived stress contributed to models of overall and subjective sleep quality, and daytime dysfunction. Depression symptoms did not contribute significantly to any of the models of sleep quality. However, utilizing government support mechanisms (such as social security) contributed to the model of sleep efficiency. Age contributed little to models of sleep quality, whereas perceived stress and psychotropic medication use contributed to some but not all aspects of sleep. Sleep quality is poor for autistic people across the adult lifespan. Given known impacts of poor sleep on health, cognition and quality of life, attention should be paid to sleep and its possible everyday effects for autistic people of all ages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Goldie A McQuaid
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Lauren Bishop
- Sandra Rosenbaum School of Social Work and Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nancy Raitano Lee
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gregory L Wallace
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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19
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Olsen CDH, Möller S, Ahrenfeldt LJ. Sex differences in quality of life and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and elderly Europeans: results from the SHARE survey. Aging Ment Health 2023; 27:35-42. [PMID: 34915773 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.2013434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examine sex differences in quality of life (QoL) and depressive symptoms across age and European regions. METHODS We performed a large cross-sectional study based on 64,552 women and 53,647 men aged 50+ who participated in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) from 2004-2020. Linear and logistic regression models were used to examine associations with QoL (CASP-12) and depressive symptoms (EURO-D). RESULTS Women reported slightly lower QoL (coefficient -0.78, 95% CI -0.92; -0.65) and more depressive symptoms (odds ratio (OR) 2.23, 95% CI 2.13; 2.34) than men. Sex differences in QoL increased with advancing age, whereas sex differences in depressive symptoms were stable across age groups. No overall sex difference in QoL was found in Northern Europe, but women had lower QoL than men in Western (coefficient -0.49, 95% CI -0.69; -0.29), Southern (coefficient -1.35, 95% CI -1.61; -1.09) and Eastern (coefficient -0.72, 95% CI -1.05; -0.39) Europe. However, sex differences varied within the specific CASP-12 items, with women having overall lower control and autonomy, but more self-realisation, than men. Women reported more depressive symptoms than men in all regions, with the largest overall sex difference in Southern Europe (OR 2.62, 95% CI 2.40; 2.86). A female disadvantage was found for most of the EURO-D items, with the largest sex differences for 'tearfulness', 'depression' and 'sleep'. CONCLUSION Middle-aged and elderly European women report lower QoL and more depressive symptoms than European men, lending support for the male-female health survival paradox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Dahl Haislund Olsen
- Unit for Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sören Möller
- Open Patient data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,The OPEN Research Unit, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Linda Juel Ahrenfeldt
- Unit for Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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20
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Sleep quality of Singapore residents: findings from the 2016 Singapore mental health study. Sleep Med X 2022; 4:100043. [PMID: 35243325 PMCID: PMC8861160 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepx.2022.100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the importance of sleep for physical and mental wellbeing, it is crucial to understand the extent of insomnia among community dwellers. However, there is a paucity of population wide epidemiological studies to estimate the prevalence of poor sleep quality. This present study aimed to 1) characterize the sleep quality of a nationally representative sample (n = 6126) of Singapore residents using Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and 2) identify the sociodemographic correlates of poor sleep in this population. A total of 27.6% of respondents reported poor sleep quality (PSQI score ≥5). Sociodemographic correlates of poor sleep quality in the Singapore population included, but were not limited to, females (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.17 to 1.77, p-value = 0.001), Malays (vs Chinese) (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.23 to 1.9, p-value < 0.001), Indians (vs Chinese) (AOR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.47, p-value = 0.03), ex-smokers (vs non-smokers) (AOR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.07 to 1.92, p-value = 0.02), persons with comorbid mental health conditions (vs no mental health conditions) (AOR = 14.11, 95% CI = 6.52 to 30.54, p-value < 0.01), and persons with physical multimorbidity (vs no physical conditions) (AOR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.24 to 2.15, p-value < 0.001). The prevalence of poor sleep in Singapore is comparable to that of other countries in the Asian region. Targeted public health campaigns to psycho-educate vulnerable groups on the importance of good sleep hygiene may improve the overall wellbeing of residents in Singapore. Sleep is important for physical and mental health, however data on population wide prevalence of insomnia is scarce. Using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, we found that 27.6% of this nationally representative sample had poor sleep. Sociodemographic correlates of poor sleep quality in our population included females, Malays, Indians, and ex-smokers. Persons with comorbid mental health conditions and physical multimorbidity were found to have poor sleep quality. Targeted psychoeducation to the relevant subgroups could improve sleep quality of Singapore residents.
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21
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Foster JH, Rankin S. Self-Reported Sleep during the COVID Lockdown in a Sample of UK University Students and Staff. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10102083. [PMID: 36292528 PMCID: PMC9601904 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10102083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The link between disturbed sleep and the extended lockdown period resulting from COVID-19 is well established. Data from an online survey of 2341 of university students (n = 1972, 84.2%) and staff were reported. Overall (n = 1710, 73.1%) were female and the mean age for the sample was 29.26 (SD = 12.86). 1799 (76.8%) provided self-reported data from the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) Sleep Subscale that allowed sleep to be compared prior to the lockdown period and during the lockdown period. Sociodemographic data which included, gender, age, whether an individual was a student or member of the university staff, ethnicity, caring responsibilities, and highest educational level were collected. Other data included, the NHP Sleep Sub-scale, change in alcohol consumption during the lockdown period, routine behaviours during the lockdown period, self-efficacy and health and wellbeing. There was a significant deterioration in NHP Sleep scores (p < 0.001) and all areas of sleep that were assessed significantly deteriorated during the lockdown period. These included indicators of sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep disturbance and increased use of sleep medication. Following a multinomial logit regression with change of NHP sleep scores entered as the dependent variable there were several significant predictors. Women had greater sleep dysfunction than men. Increased alcohol consumption, lower educational status and a deterioration in health and well-being scores were associated with greater sleep dysfunction. Not having a designated area to work in and not putting on clothes and make-up were both associated with greater sleep dysfunction during the lockdown period. These findings confirm the importance of taking steps to maintain sleep hygiene during extended lockdown periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H. Foster
- Alcohol Policy and Mental Health Studies, School of Health Sciences, University of Greenwich, London SE10 9LS, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-0208-331-8757
| | - Sandra Rankin
- School of Human Sciences, University of Greenwich, Old Royal Naval College, 150 Dreadnought, Park Row, London SE10 9LS, UK
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22
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Xue B, Xue Y, Dong F, Zheng X, Shi L, Xiao S, Zhang J, Ou W, Wang Q, Zhang C. The impact of socioeconomic status and sleep quality on the prevalence of multimorbidity in older adults. Front Public Health 2022; 10:959700. [PMID: 36225792 PMCID: PMC9548700 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.959700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Multimorbidity has become a global public health concern that can cause serious damage to the health status of older adults. This study aimed to investigate the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) and sleep quality on the prevalence of multimorbidity in older adults, thus providing a reference for reducing the risk of the prevalence of multimorbidity and improving the health of older adults. Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 3,250 older adults aged 60 years and above in Shanxi Province, China. The chi-square test and multiple logistic regression models were used to analyze the association of SES and sleep quality with the prevalence of multimorbidity of older adults. Results The prevalence of multimorbidity was 30.31% in older adults aged 60 years and above in Shanxi Province, China. After adjusting for confounders, very low SES (OR = 1.440, 95% CI: 1.083-1.913) and poor sleep quality (OR = 2.445, 95% CI: 2.043-2.927) were associated with the prevalence of multimorbidity. Older adults with low SES and poor sleep quality had the highest risk of the prevalence of multimorbidity (OR = 3.139, 95% CI: 2.288-4.307). Conclusions SES and sleep quality are associated with the prevalence of multimorbidity in older adults, and older adults with lower SES and poorer sleep quality are at higher risk for the prevalence of multimorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benli Xue
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaqing Xue
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Dong
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shujuan Xiao
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiachi Zhang
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiyan Ou
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Chichen Zhang
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Department of Health Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Institute of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Chichen Zhang
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23
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Are sleep quality judgments comparable across individuals, places, and spaces? An interdisciplinary analysis of data from 207,608 individuals across 68 countries. Sleep Health 2022; 8:380-386. [PMID: 35750631 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Significant research has shown that health is a heterogeneous concept, and one person's poor health may not be comparable with another's. Yet, little consideration has been given to whether sleep quality judgments are also heterogeneous or whether they cohere between individuals. Another possibility is that there are group differences in the ways in which sleep quality is perceived. If this is the case, it is possible known inequalities in sleep are-in part-an artifact of social position influencing how we conceive of sleep problems. The current study explores this possibility. DESIGN Cross-sectional, using World Health Organization data from 207,608 individuals; aged between 15 and 101 years of age from 68 countries. Alongside a battery of sleep and demographic variables, data contained sleep and energy vignettes. Random effect anchoring vignette models were applied to investigate interpersonal incompatibility and whether sleep quality perceptions operate differently depending on social location, context, and function. RESULTS While sleep quality judgments are largely comparable across individuals, findings also highlight how the relationship between education and self-reported sleep changes following adjustment for reporting heterogeneity. Estimates of threshold parameters suggest that those with more years of education have a slightly increased threshold for reporting mild sleep problems (B 0.005; s.e. 0.001) but a lower threshold for reporting sleep problems as extreme (B -0.007; s.e. 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Sleep quality judgments occupy a complex position between heterogeneity and coherence. This has implications for both epidemiological methodologies and contemporary debates about social justice, public health and sleep.
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O'Kane TW, Sledjeski EM, Dinzeo TJ. The examination of sleep hygiene, quality of life, and schizotypy in young adults. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 150:1-7. [PMID: 35316717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The co-occurrence of sleep disruption and schizophrenia-spectrum symptomology is common, with current research supporting the use of interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTi), which include sleep hygiene education. Sleep hygiene refers to patterns of pre-sleep behaviors that can promote or impair sleep. These behaviors are easily identified and modifiable, potentially holding promise as targets of research and clinical practice. However, there is little research examining sleep hygiene in those at-risk for schizophrenia, measured through clusters of sub-clinical symptoms known as schizotypy. Given the likelihood poor sleep exacerbates negative emotions, thus serving as an etiologically relevant stressor, the study of sleep hygiene in at-risk populations appears warranted. Additionally, quality of life (QOL) has previously been shown to be negatively associated with sleep hygiene and schizophrenia-spectrum risk. As such, QOL domains were included to quantify the extent pre-sleep habits and dimensional schizotypy impact individuals' wellbeing. Data was collected from a non-clinical sample of 385 young adults (M = 20.83, SD = 3.61). As anticipated, higher schizotypy was correlated with poorer sleep hygiene and reduced QOL, although only negative schizotypy predicted QOL in the final regression model controlling for sex differences. Sex differences were present for all variables of interest except disorganized schizotypy. Post-hoc item-level analyses suggested that higher levels of schizotypy were correlated with emotional rumination prior to sleep, while increased negative schizotypy was associated with reduced QOL. Future research should further evaluate sleep hygiene as a potentially relevant risk variable in the development of schizophrenia-spectrum symptomology and associated decline in QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W O'Kane
- Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA
| | - Eve M Sledjeski
- Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA
| | - Thomas J Dinzeo
- Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA.
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Abstract
Sleep is a critical aspect of one's daily life for overall health, with a recommended 7 to 9 hours in adulthood (ages 26-64). Up to a third of women do not sleep sufficiently, and pregnant women are at an increased risk for sleep deficiency. Throughout pregnancy, sleep is affected in differing ways. For example, in the first trimester, hormones affect sleep cycles, but by the third trimester, physical complaints such as increasing frequent urination and fetal movement create frequent awakenings. Associations between sleep deficiency and gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, depression, and some evidence regarding preterm birth exist. A woman's labor course and perception of delivery are also negatively affected by short sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlin Delgado
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 2 Tampa General Circle, Tampa, FL 33606, USA
| | - Judette M Louis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 2 Tampa General Circle, Tampa, FL 33606, USA.
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26
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Bendaoud I, Etindele Sosso FA. Socioeconomic Position and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness: A Systematic Review of Social Epidemiological Studies. Clocks Sleep 2022; 4:240-259. [PMID: 35645243 PMCID: PMC9149899 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep4020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this empirical study are to describe and discuss the current literature available on the relationship between excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and the socioeconomic position (SEP) as well as to provide recommendations for consideration of SEP in sleep medicine and biomedical research. Databases Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, Google scholar and Scopus were screened from January 1990 to December 2020 using PRISMA guidelines and 20 articles were included in the final synthesis. Nineteen studies were cross-sectional and one study was longitudinal. Among these studies, 25.00% (n = 5) are focused on children and adolescent and the remaining 75.00% (n = 15) focused on adults and seniors. Ages ranged from 8 to 18 years old for children/adolescent and ranged from 18 to 102 years old for adults. Main SEP measures presented in these studies were education, income, perceived socioeconomic status and employment. The sample size in these studies varied from N = 90 participants to N = 33,865 participants. Overall, a lower educational level, a lower income and full-time employment were associated with EDS. Symptoms of EDS are prevalent in women, especially those with a low income or no job; and children and adolescents with difficult living conditions or working part time reported more sleep disturbances. SEP is already considered as an important determinant for many health outcomes, but if SEP is embedded in the experimental design in psychosomatic research, biomedical research and clinical practice as a constant variable regardless of outcome; it will move forward future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imene Bendaoud
- Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Global Health and Ecoepidemiology, Redavis Institute, Montreal, QC H3S 1X5, Canada;
- Correspondence:
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Mensah A, Toivanen S, Diewald M. Working Hours, Sleep Disturbance and Self-Assessed Health in Men and Women: A Multilevel Analysis of 30 Countries in Europe. Front Public Health 2022; 10:818359. [PMID: 35462823 PMCID: PMC9018983 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.818359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study examined the gender and cross-country differences in the relationship between working hours and self-assessed health among working men and women in Europe, and further explored the moderating role of sleep disturbance in the relationship. Methods We used cross-sectional data from the 6th European Working Condition Survey on 14,603 men and 15,486 women across 30 countries in Europe. A multivariate logistic regression was applied to evaluate the relationship between working hours, sleep disturbance, and self- assessed health. In addition, we employed a two-stage multilevel logistic regression to assess the cross-country variations in the relationship between working hours and self-assessed health. Results The study showed a slightly U-shaped relationship between working hours and less-than-good self-assessed health among working adults in Europe (<31 h: aOR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.00-1.25, 41-50 h: aOR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.84-1.15, and 50+ h: aOR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.07-1.59). However, working men had higher odds of reporting less-than-good self-assessed health as compared to women when they devote longer hours to paid work. The results further showed that there are cross-country variations in the association between working hours and less-than-good self-assessed health for both men and women, and that men had slightly lower variations as compared to women. Contrary to expectation, sleep disturbance did not moderate the relationship between working hours and less-than-good self-assessed health for both men and women in Europe. Conclusions Although there are gender differences and cross-country variations in the association between working hours and less-than-good self-assessed health, sleep disturbance did not moderate the associations. These findings underscore the importance for strict work time regulation and generous work-family policies that may promote good working conditions and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Mensah
- Bielefeld Graduate School in History and Sociology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.,School of Health, Care, and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Susanna Toivanen
- School of Health, Care, and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Martin Diewald
- Bielefeld Graduate School in History and Sociology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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Lee MH, Min A, Park C, Kim I. How Do Sleep Disturbances Relate to Daytime Functions, Care-related Quality of Life, and Parenting Interactions in Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder? J Autism Dev Disord 2022:10.1007/s10803-022-05532-z. [PMID: 35441918 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05532-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disturbance is prevalent in caregivers and associated with negative physical, mental, and functional outcomes. This study examined the effects of sleep disturbance on daytime functions (sleepiness, fatigue, mood, cognitive alertness), care-related quality of life, and daily parenting interactions in 20 mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder for 10 consecutive days using ecological momentary assessment design. Participants responded about daytime functions four times and care-related quality of life and daily parenting interactions once using an online survey. Sleep disturbance was significantly related to all daytime functions and frustration with childcare. Therefore, development of sleep hygiene interventions is warranted to effectively reduce the impact of sleep disturbance and enable these mothers to better tackle daily physical and mental challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meen Hye Lee
- Department of Nursing, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Ari Min
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang Park
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Inah Kim
- School of Nursing, Duquesne University, Fisher Hall 510, 600 Forbes Avenue, 15282, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
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Zare F, Sadeghian F, Alatab S, Chaman R, Mirrezaie SM. COVID-19 epidemic effects on sleep quality among health sector workers: A follow up study. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:1015-1026. [PMID: 35393918 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2058402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Health care workers (HCWs) were vulnerable to sleep disturbances in normal circumstances. Poor sleep quality (PSQ) is common during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. The aim of this study is evaluation of sleep quality among healthcare workers during COVID-19 epidemic in a cohort study. In a follow-up study, we assessed sleep quality in 453 Iranian HCW participants in late-April 2021, after approximately 8 weeks of the epidemic of COVID-19. In order to compare the sleep quality in the two time intervals, during and before COVID-19, we used the recorded data of the same group of participants who were enrolled in a study named SHAHWAR (SHAhroud Health care Workers Associated Research) cohort that is focused on the health of HCWs who work at the Shahroud university of medical sciences. Data collection process in the SHAHWAR study started on October 2, 2019 and continued until February 19, 2020. Our results showed sleep quality worsened among shift-workers during COVID-19 outbreak; however, it was improved among non-shift staff. Sleep quality was more likely to be worsening if HCWs had shift-working roles [OR: 1.84(1.11-3.06), and if they experienced death in their families [OR: 5.06(1.60-12.80)]; however, having a paramedical role was a protective effect [OR: 0.52(0.27-092)], for poor quality sleep. Sleep quality worsened during the epidemic among HCWs. A greater impact, in terms of higher PSQI index, in this group of workers was seen in shift working staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Zare
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research Shahroud, University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Farideh Sadeghian
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research Shahroud, University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Sudabeh Alatab
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Chaman
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mirrezaie
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research Shahroud, University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.,Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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The Relationship between Living Arrangements and Sleep Quality in Older Adults: Gender Differences. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19073893. [PMID: 35409576 PMCID: PMC8997604 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: This study examined the effects of living arrangements on the quality of sleep among older adults and analyzed related gender differences; (2) Methods: A total of 4756 older adults in Seoul were included. After adjusting for socio-demographic factors, older adults living alone showed a poorer sleep quality compared with those living with others; (3) Results: When we analyzed the effects of living arrangements on sleep quality by gender, there was no difference in the risk of poor sleep quality between male older adults living alone and those living with others (OR = 1.089, 95% CI = 0.729–1.628), whereas the risk of poor sleep quality was higher for female older adults living alone than those living with others (OR = 1.359, 95% CI = 1.088–1.696); (4) Conclusions: In this study, we have confirmed that older women living alone had poor sleep quality compared to older men. Hence, gender-based approaches will be helpful when providing social support resources to older adults living alone.
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Effects of Socio-Familial Behavior on Sleep Quality Predictive Risk Factors in Individuals under Social Isolation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063702. [PMID: 35329386 PMCID: PMC8950965 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Social confinement involves a series of temporary changes in the habits and lifestyles of individuals, severely affecting their regular activities and schedules and substantially modifying socio-familial behavior (SFB) and sleep quality (SQ). There is no literature reporting the effects of SFB changes on SQ during social confinement due to the COVID-19 outbreak. An observational transversal research design, with group comparison and correlation methods, was used to perform the present study. The results were analyzed as follows: (1) An exploratory factor analysis (EFA); (2) A description of the sample was determined by proportions comparisons of sleep habits between the different variables of interest; and (3) A linear regression model was analyzed to explore the predictive association of the negative effects of social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic on SFB and SQ. In addition to the global SFB score, two SFB factors were identified as predictors affecting the SQ, SF-Habits, and SF-Emotional scores, suggesting a close balance between daily life activities and sleep health during critical social changes. Furthermore, two main risk factors resulted from the regression analysis: economic concerns and increased alcohol consumption. Therefore, the predictive capacity of economic concerns showed statistical significance in anticipating negative sleep quality scores. Overall, this suggests that sleep quality, economic concerns, schedules, and substance use were associated with the self-perception of coping skills, elucidating the importance of fostering habits related to schedules within the home and ensuring that all family members participate.
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It's giving me the blues: A fixed-effects and g-formula approach to understanding job insecurity, sleep disturbances, and major depression. Soc Sci Med 2022; 297:114805. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Ricketts EJ, Montalbano GE, Burgess HJ, McMakin DL, Coles ME, Piacentini J, Colwell CS. Sleep and chronotype in adults with persistent tic disorders. J Clin Psychol 2022; 78:1516-1539. [PMID: 35150595 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined sleep disorders and sleep medication use rates, nighttime tics, and sleep and chronotype in relation to tic and co-occurring symptoms in adults with persistent tic disorders (PTDs), including Tourette's disorder (TD). METHODS One hundred twenty-five adult internet survey respondents rated sleep history, sleep, chronotype, tic severity, impairment, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, anxiety, depression, and emotional and behavioral dyscontrol. RESULTS Bruxism, insomnia, tic-related difficulty falling asleep, and melatonin use were commonly endorsed. Sleep disturbance correlated with impairment, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and emotional and behavioral dyscontrol. Eveningness correlated with vocal and total tic severity only in TD. Controlling for age and sex, age, impairment, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms predicted sleep disturbance, and age and tic severity predicted chronotype. CONCLUSIONS Impairment and obsessive-compulsive symptoms play a role in sleep disturbance in adults with PTDs, and may be intervention targets. Eveningness relates to tic severity, which may suggest the utility of interventions to advance chronotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Ricketts
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Gabrielle E Montalbano
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Helen J Burgess
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Dana L McMakin
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Neurology, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Meredith E Coles
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York-Binghamton, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - John Piacentini
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christopher S Colwell
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Seid Tegegne S, Fenta Alemnew E. Postoperative poor sleep quality and its associated factors among adult patients: A multicenter cross-sectional study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 74:103273. [PMID: 35145662 PMCID: PMC8819123 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sleep quality refers to a sense of being refreshed and rested after waking up from sleep. Postoperative patients were vulnerable to poor sleep quality due to having different contributing factors. The prevalence of poor sleep quality among postsurgical patients was left undisclosed in our study setting. Knowing the prevalence and contributing factors for poor sleep quality helps us to develop a strategic plan for prevention and management. Method and materials A multicenter cross-sectional study design was conducted on 424 postsurgical patients who were selected by a systematic random sampling method. Data was collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index by a face-to-face interview. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 25. For categorical data, a chi-square test was done. Bivariable and multivariable analyses were performed to determine whether each of the independent variables is associated with the outcome variable. Result Based on this study result, the prevalence of poor sleep quality was 64.9%. Among the factors included in this study, variables which had an association with poor postoperative sleep quality were age range 25–54 years (AOR = 15.13), male gender (AOR = 4.81), educational level of secondary school (AOR = 6.29), patient income less than 2500 birr (AOR = 3.77), anxiety (AOR = 2.53), depression(AOR = 22.8), light exposure(AOR = 19.60), poor social support (AOR = 1.98), being emergency surgery (AOR = 2.46) and having a history of moderate to severe pain (AOR = 38.18, (95% CI). Conclusion Poor sleep quality among adult post-surgical patients was significantly high in Amhara regional comprehensive referral hospitals. Therefore; Clinicians need to prioritize postoperative sleep quality assessment and needs to minimize factors inducing postoperative sleep disturbances. The prevalence of postoperative poor sleep quality was 64.9%. Pain is associated with poor sleep qualities. Postoperative sleep quality was poorly managed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimelis Seid Tegegne
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Efrem Fenta Alemnew
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Goncalves M, Henriques A, Costa A, Correia D, Severo M, Lucas R, Barros H, Santos AC, Ribeiro AI, Rocha A, Lopes C, Correia D, Ramos E, Gonçalves G, Barros H, Araújo J, Talih M, Tavares M, Severo M, Lunet N, Meireles P, Duarte R, Lucas R, Camacho R, Fraga S, Correia S, Silva S, Leão T. Insomnia and nightmare profiles during the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal: characterization and associated factors. Sleep Med 2022; 90:44-52. [PMID: 35093683 PMCID: PMC8744402 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective/background To describe and characterize insomnia symptoms and nightmare profiles in Portugal during the first six weeks of a national lockdown due to COVID-19. Patients/methods An open cohort study was conducted to collect information of the general population during the first wave of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal. We analyzed data from 5011 participants (≥16 years) who answered a weekly questionnaire about their well-being. Two questions about the frequency of insomnia and nightmares about COVID-19 were consecutively applied during six weeks (March–May 2020). Latent class analysis was conducted and different insomnia and nightmare profiles were identified. Associations between individual characteristics and both profiles were estimated using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Five insomnia (No insomnia, Stable-mild, Decreasing-moderate, Stable-severe, Increasing-severe) and three nightmares profiles (Stable-mild, Stable-moderate, Stable-severe) were identified. Being female, younger, perceiving their income as insufficient and feelings of fear towards COVID-19 were associated with higher odds of insomnia (Women: OR = 6.98 95%CI: 4.18–11.64; ≥60 years: OR = 0.30 95%CI: 0.18–0.53; Insufficient income: adjusted OR (aOR) = 8.413 95%CI: 3.93–16.84; Often presenting fear of being infected with SARS-CoV-2 infection: aOR = 9.13 95%CI: 6.36–13.11), and nightmares (Women: OR = 2.60 95%CI: 1.74–3.86; ≥60 years: OR = 0.45 95%CI: 0.28–0.74; Insufficient income: aOR = 2.60 95%CI: 1.20–5.20; Often/almost always presenting fear of being infected with SARS-CoV-2 infection: aOR = 6.62 95%CI: 5.01–8.74). Having a diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection was associated with worse patterns of nightmares about the pandemic. Conclusions Social and psychological individual factors are important characteristics to consider in the development of therapeutic strategies to support people with sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Bainton J, Hayes B. Sleep in an At Risk Adolescent Group: A Qualitative Exploration of the Perspectives, Experiences and Needs of Youth Who Have Been Excluded From Mainstream Education. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2022; 59:469580211062410. [PMID: 35393870 PMCID: PMC9016615 DOI: 10.1177/00469580211062410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The sleep needs, experiences and viewpoints were explored for UK adolescents who have been excluded from mainstream education. Qualitative data was gathered through interviews with 9 participants, aged 11-15 years, who also completed questionnaires. The participants had symptoms of inadequate sleep, poor sleep hygiene behaviours and were not getting the recommended amount of sleep on school nights. Participants described sleep patterns involving often staying up late and having different sleep timing on weekends than weekdays and having difficulties with their sleep. Use of technology and the relevance of family were identified as important and associated with facilitating and hindering factors for sleep. Participants communicated that they lack control over aspects of their sleep and their lives. The experiences and views of the participants can inform professionals' understanding of how to collaborate with adolescents to improve their sleep and highlight that continued development of sleep education programmes is timely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josie Bainton
- Clinical, Educational and Health
Psychology, University College
London, London, UK
- Bath and North East Somerset
Council, Bath, UK
| | - Ben Hayes
- Clinical, Educational and Health
Psychology, University College
London, London, UK
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Awadalla NJ, Al-Musa HM. Insomnia among primary care adult population in Aseer region of Saudi Arabia: gastroesophageal reflux disease and body mass index correlates. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2019.1656933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Joseph Awadalla
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hassan Mohammed Al-Musa
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Daily coping moderates the relations between stress and actigraphic sleep: a daily intensive longitudinal study with ecological momentary assessments. Sleep Med 2021; 88:231-240. [PMID: 34798439 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Theoretical models argue that coping reduces stress responses, yet no studies have tested whether coping moderates the prospective stress effects on sleep in daily life. PURPOSE This study tested if coping moderates the stress-sleep association using a daily, intensive longitudinal design across 7-12 days. METHODS 326 young adults (Mage = 23.24 ± 5.46) reported perceived stress and coping (problem-focused, emotional-approach, and avoidance) every evening between 20:00-02:00, providing over 2400 nights of sleep data and 3000 stress surveys from all participants. Actigraphy and sleep diaries measured total-sleep-time and sleep efficiency. Multilevel models tested the interaction effects of within- and between-person stress and coping on sleep. RESULTS Within-person problem-focused and emotional-approach coping moderated the within-person stress effects on actigraphic total-sleep-time (both p = 0.02); higher stress predicted shorter total-sleep-time only during high use of problem-focused or emotional-approach coping (both p = 0.01). Between-person avoidance moderated the between-person stress effect on actigraphic total-sleep-time (p = 0.04); higher stress predicted shorter total-sleep-time for high avoidance coping (p = 0.02). Within-person emotional-approach coping buffered the between-person stress effect on actigraphic sleep efficiency (p = 0.02); higher stress predicted higher sleep efficiency for high emotional-approach coping (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that daily coping moderates the effects of evening stress on sleep that night. More efforts to cope with stress before bedtime had a short-term cost of shorter sleep that night. However, high use of emotional-approach coping buffered the impact of stress to promote sleep efficiency.
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Saltychev M, Juhola J, Arokoski J, Ervasti J, Kivimäki M, Pentti J, Stenholm S, Myllyntausta S, Vahtera J. Persistence of sleep difficulties for over 16 years amongst 66,948 working-aged adults. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259500. [PMID: 34793496 PMCID: PMC8601511 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to investigate the persistence of sleep difficulties for over 16 years amongst a population of working age. In this prospective cohort study, a group-based trajectory analysis of repeated surveys amongst 66,948 employees in public sector (mean age 44.7 [SD 9.4] years, 80% women) was employed. The main outcome measure was sleep difficulties based on Jenkins Sleep Scale (JSS). Up to 70% of the respondents did not experience sleep difficulties whereas up to 4% reported high frequency of notable sleep difficulties through the entire 16-year follow-up. Heavy drinking predicted sleep difficulties (OR 2.3 95% CI 1.6 to 3.3) except for the respondents younger than 40 years. Smoking was associated with sleep difficulties amongst women younger than 40 years (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.5). Obesity was associated with sleep difficulties amongst men (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.4 to 2.7) and women (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.3) of middle age and amongst women older than 50 (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.8) years. Physical inactivity predicted sleep difficulties amongst older men (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.6). In this working-age population, sleep difficulties showed a great persistence over time. In most of the groups, the level of sleep difficulties during the follow-up was almost solely dependent on the level of initial severity. Depending on sex and age, increasing sleep problems were sometimes associated with high alcohol consumption, smoking, obesity and physical inactivity, but the strength of these associations varied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Saltychev
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | - Juhani Juhola
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jari Arokoski
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jenni Ervasti
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London Medical School, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jaana Pentti
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Sari Stenholm
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital; Turku, Finland
| | - Saana Myllyntausta
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jussi Vahtera
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Saltychev M, Juhola J, Ervasti J, Kivimäki M, Pentti J, Myllyntausta S, Vahtera J. Association of changes in lifestyle with changes in sleep difficulties: an analysis of 38 400 participants over a 16-year follow-up. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e050046. [PMID: 34663659 PMCID: PMC8524278 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between changes in lifestyle risk factors and changes is sleep difficulties. DESIGN Longitudinal repeated measures cohort study. SETTING University and national institute of occupational health. PARTICIPANTS Participants of the Finnish Public Sector study with information on sleep and lifestyle-related risk factors collected in five repeat surveys with 4-year intervals from 2000 to 2017. The participants were those, who had responded at least twice and had a change in sleep difficulties (having sleep difficulties vs not) (142 969 observations from 38 400 respondents (mean age 45.5 (SD 9.2) years, 83% women). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Changes in sleep quality over time. Longitudinal fixed effects analysis, a method that accounts for time-invariant confounders by design, was used. RESULTS At first available response, sleep difficulties were experienced by 13 998 (36%) of the respondents. Respectively, the mean age was 44.3 (10.0) years, 7526 (20%) were obese, 13 487 (35%) reported low physical activity, 3338 (9%) extensively drinking and 6547 (17%) were smoking. Except for smoking, the changes in the studied modifiable risks were associated with changes in sleep difficulties. The ORs for having sleep difficulties were 1.41 (95% CI 1.35 to 1.48) for obesity, 1.10 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.13) for low physical activity and 1.43 (95% CI 1.35 to 1.51) for heavy drinking. For smoking, the association was negative with OR 0.81 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.86). Including all four modifiable risks into model changed the estimates only little. CONCLUSIONS The results of this longitudinal study suggest that changes in sleep quality are interconnected with changes in lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Saltychev
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Juhani Juhola
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jenni Ervasti
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jaana Pentti
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Public Health, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Saana Myllyntausta
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Public Health, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jussi Vahtera
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Public Health, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Le F, Yap Y, Tung NYC, Bei B, Wiley JF. The Associations Between Daily Activities and Affect: a Compositional Isotemporal Substitution Analysis. Int J Behav Med 2021; 29:456-468. [PMID: 34608593 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-021-10031-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Daily activities are associated with affective experiences. A 24-h day can be separated into five mutually exclusive activity types: sleep, awake in bed, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light-intensity physical activity (LIPA), and sedentary behavior (SB). Most research has examined these activities independently and not collectively, yet increased time in one activity must be offset by decreasing other activities. Using compositional isotemporal substitution analyses, this study examined the associations between time spent in daily activities and affect, including both high and low arousal positive and negative affect. METHOD Across three separate studies, daily activities and affect were measured throughout 7-15 days (Mdays = 10) in 361 healthy community adults (72.5% females, Mage = 22.79 years). Activities were objectively assessed using accelerometry and self-reported affect was assessed using repeated ecological momentary assessments. Minutes spent in each activity and affect values across the three studies were averaged for each participant. RESULTS Longer sleep duration at the expense of time awake in bed was associated with lower high arousal negative affect (e.g., nervousness, b = - 0.24, p = .007). More MVPA at the expense of LIPA or SB was associated with higher high arousal positive affect (e.g., happiness, b = 0.35, p = .027). Activity composition was not associated with low arousal positive or negative affect (all p ≥ .06). CONCLUSION Associations between 24-h activity composition and affect differed based on types of activities, types of affect, and the interrelationships between activities within the composition. Findings can aid interventions to develop integrated guidance on the optimal activity patterns for mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Le
- School of Psychological Science, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yang Yap
- School of Psychological Science, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Natasha Yan Chi Tung
- School of Psychological Science, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bei Bei
- School of Psychological Science, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joshua F Wiley
- School of Psychological Science, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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Sullivan EC, Halstead EJ, Ellis JG, Dimitriou D. Anxiety, Insomnia, and Napping Predict Poorer Sleep Quality in an Autistic Adult Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9883. [PMID: 34574806 PMCID: PMC8469045 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Autistic adults have a high prevalence of sleep problems and psychiatric conditions. In the general population sleep problems have been associated with a range of demographic and lifestyle factors. Whether the same factors contribute to different types of disturbed sleep experienced by autistic adults is unknown and served as the main aim of this study. An online survey was conducted with 493 autistic adults. Demographic information (e.g., age, gender), about lifestyle (e.g., napping), and information about comorbid conditions was collected. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep quality and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was used to assess daytime somnolence. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were used to examine predictors of each subscale score on the PSQI, as well as PSQI and ESS total scores. Results indicated that individuals who reported having a diagnosis of anxiety and insomnia were more likely to have poorer sleep quality outcomes overall. Furthermore, individuals who reported habitually napping had higher daytime dysfunction, increased sleep disturbances, and increased daytime sleepiness. These results provide novel insights into the demographic and lifestyle factors that influence sleep quality and daytime somnolence in autistic adults and can be used for targeted sleep interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma C. Sullivan
- Sleep Education and Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Human Development, Institute of Education, University College London, London WC1H 0AA, UK;
| | - Elizabeth J. Halstead
- Sleep Education and Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Human Development, Institute of Education, University College London, London WC1H 0AA, UK;
| | - Jason G. Ellis
- Northumbria Sleep Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK;
| | - Dagmara Dimitriou
- Sleep Education and Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Human Development, Institute of Education, University College London, London WC1H 0AA, UK;
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Rani R, Arokiasamy P, Selvamani Y, Sikarwar A. Gender differences in self-reported sleep problems among older adults in six middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study. J Women Aging 2021; 34:605-620. [PMID: 34436971 DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2021.1965425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study examines gender differences in sleep problems among older adults in India, China, Ghana, Mexico, Russia, and South Africa. We used data on 33,929 individuals (50+ years) from the WHO-SAGE. Results showed significant gender differences in the prevalence of sleep problems with the largest difference in Russia followed by India. Regression results showed higher odds of sleep problems among women in India, China, Russia, and South Africa. Age, low back pain, depression, and poor self-rated health were significantly associated with sleep problems. This research confirms significant gender differences in sleep problems among the older population in middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Rani
- Department of Development Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Perianayagam Arokiasamy
- Department of Development Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Y Selvamani
- Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) Project, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ankit Sikarwar
- Department of Development Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Lee GB, Kim HC, Jeon YJ, Jung SJ. Association between socioeconomic status and longitudinal sleep quality patterns mediated by depressive symptoms. Sleep 2021; 44:zsab044. [PMID: 33630996 PMCID: PMC8361348 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsab044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine whether associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and longitudinal sleep quality patterns are mediated by depressive symptoms. METHODS We utilized data on 3347 participants in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study aged 40-69 years at baseline from 2001 to 2002 who were followed up for 16 years. A group-based modeling approach was used to identify sleep quality trajectories using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (years 2, 6, 8, 10, and 12). Educational attainment (college graduated or less), monthly household income (≥$2500 or less), and occupation (unemployed, manual labor, and professional labor) at baseline (year 0) were used for analyses. Depressive symptoms were assessed using Beck's Depression Inventory at year 4. Associations between SES and sleep quality patterns were examined using a multinomial logistic regression model. The mediation effect of depressive symptoms was further examined using PROC CAUSALMED. RESULTS We identified five distinct sleep quality trajectories: "normal-stable" (n = 1697), "moderate-stable" (n = 1157), "poor-stable" (n = 320), "developing to poor" (n = 84), and "severely poor-stable" (n = 89). Overall, associations between SES levels and longitudinal sleep patterns were not apparent after full adjustment for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors measured at baseline. Depressive symptoms, however, tended to fully mediate associations between SES levels and sleep quality patterns (odds ratio range for indirect effects of depressive symptoms: for education, 1.05-1.17; for income, 1.05-1.15). CONCLUSION A significant mediating role for depressive symptoms between SES levels and longitudinal sleep quality warrants consideration among mental healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Bin Lee
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul,South Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul,South Korea
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul,South Korea
| | - Ye Jin Jeon
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul,South Korea
| | - Sun Jae Jung
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul,South Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul,South Korea
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,USA
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Lu L, Dong M, Jian S, Gao J, Ye L, Chen H, Zhang T, Liu Y, Shen H, Gai X, Liu S. Sex differences in the factors associated with sleep duration in university students: A cross-sectional study. J Affect Disord 2021; 290:345-352. [PMID: 34049087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insufficient sleep duration among university students was commonly associated with many detrimental effects. University students experience substantial environmental and psychological changes. Female and male university students may differ in many spheres. However, most research on sleep duration of university students is based on an aggregate sample rather than digging the sex-specific profiles. The objective of this study is to examine potential sex differences in the correlates of sleep duration and explore the underlying mechanism of correlations. METHODS This is a large-scale university-based mental health survey, which was conducted in university students in Qinghai Province in Northwest China in December 2019. A multi-stage logistic regression was separately fitted by sex to examine the factors associated with short sleep duration in university students. RESULTS A total of 5,552 university students with an average sleep duration of 6.88 h (SD = 1.04) were included, among which 35.0% of the participants may currently be sleeping less than the optimal duration. Female students (6.84 h, SD = 1.00) slept shorter than males (6.94 h, SD = 1.09). The only parallel between sexes was that both female and male students with 3-5 times weekly breakfast were less likely to have short sleep duration. Adjusting for depressive symptoms in the following step eliminated the association between anxiety symptoms and short sleep duration in the model for female students. Female-specific associated factors with short sleep duration were age, grade, academic pressure, weekly physical exercise, depressive symptoms. Male-specific characteristics were current smoking tobacco cigarette, self-perceived health, duration of daily Internet use. CONCLUSION Characteristic profiles of sleep duration differed between female and male university students; only a few male-specific factors were identified. Psychological guidance and education courses as well as other interventions to improve university students' sleep and related health should be designed and implemented based on sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lu
- Team IETO, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR U1219, INSERM, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Min Dong
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - ShengYan Jian
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Qinghai Institute Of Health Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - LiZhen Ye
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - HongRu Chen
- Department of Public Health, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - TianTian Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - YuYing Liu
- Department of Public Health, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - HongYi Shen
- Department of Public Education, Xining Urban Vocational & Technical College, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - XiangYun Gai
- School of Pharmacy, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Shou Liu
- Department of Public Health, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China..
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Kim HJ, Kim REY, Kim S, Kim SA, Kim SE, Lee SK, Lee HW, Shin C. Sex differences in deterioration of sleep properties associated with aging: a 12-year longitudinal cohort study. J Clin Sleep Med 2021; 17:964-972. [PMID: 33432918 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.9072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The sleep patterns of humans are greatly influenced by age and sex and have various effects on overall health as they change continuously during the lifespan. We investigated age-dependent changes in sleep properties and their relation to sex in middle-aged individuals. METHODS We analyzed data from 2,640 participants (mean age of 49.8 ± 6.8 years at baseline, 50.6% women) in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, which assessed sleep habits using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and other clinical characteristics. We analyzed the sleep habit changes that occurred between baseline and a follow-up point (mean interval: 12.00 ± 0.16 years). Associations of age and sex with 9 sleep characteristics were evaluated. RESULTS Age was associated with most of the sleep characteristics cross-sectionally and longitudinally (P < .05), except for the time in bed at baseline (P = .455) and change in sleep duration (P = .561). Compared with men, women had higher Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores, shorter time in bed, shorter sleep duration, and longer latency at baseline (P ≤ .001). Longitudinal deterioration in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score, habitual sleep efficiency, duration, and latency was more prominent in women (P < .001). The sex differences in these longitudinal sleep changes were mainly noticeable before age 60 years (P < .05). Worsening of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores, habitual sleep efficiency, and latency was most evident in perimenopausal women. Men presented with greater advancement of chronotype (P = .006), with the peak sex-related difference occurring when they were in their late 40s (P = .048). CONCLUSIONS Aging is associated with substantial deterioration in sleep quantity and quality as well as chronotype advancement, with the degree and timing of these changes differing by sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Jin Kim
- Departments of Neurology and Medical Science, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Contributed equally
| | - Regina E Y Kim
- Institute of Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,Contributed equally
| | - Soriul Kim
- Institute of Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Ah Kim
- Departments of Neurology and Medical Science, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, and
| | - Song E Kim
- Departments of Neurology and Medical Science, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ku Lee
- Institute of Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang Woon Lee
- Departments of Neurology and Medical Science, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, and.,Computational Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chol Shin
- Institute of Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, Republic of Korea.,Division of Pulmonary, Sleep, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
This study aimed to understand how marital status and marital transitions were related to sleep quality in mid to late life and whether these findings differed by gender. Data from 2,872 participants 50-74 years old from the ORANJ BOWLSM, a longitudinal panel study in New Jersey, were used. Marital status and sleep quality were examined in two waves that were approximately 10 years apart. Individuals in a significant romantic relationship and women had worse sleep quality than those in other marital status groups and men. Compared to individuals who remained married, individuals who remained divorced or widowed or who became widowed had better sleep quality, whereas those who became divorced had worse sleep quality; individuals who transitioned into marriage had better sleep quality than those who remained divorced or widowed. Marital status and gender appear important for at least some indices of sleep quality, an important predictor of late-life health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin J August
- Department of Psychology and Health Sciences Center, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, USA
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48
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Yap Y, Slavish DC, Taylor DJ, Bei B, Wiley JF. Bi-directional relations between stress and self-reported and actigraphy-assessed sleep: a daily intensive longitudinal study. Sleep 2021; 43:5586815. [PMID: 31608395 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsz250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Stress is associated with poor and short sleep, but the temporal order of these variables remains unclear. This study examined the temporal and bi-directional associations between stress and sleep and explored the moderating role of baseline sleep complaints, using daily, intensive longitudinal designs. METHODS Participants were 326 young adults (Mage = 23.24 ± 5.46), providing >2,500 nights of sleep altogether. Prospective total sleep time (TST), sleep onset latency (SOL), wake after sleep onset (WASO), and sleep efficiency (SE) were measured using actigraphy and sleep diaries. Perceived stress was reported three times daily between: 11:00-15:00, 15:30-19:30, and 20:00-02:00. Sleep complaints were measured at baseline using the PROMIS sleep disturbance scale. Within- and between-person sleep and stress variables were tested using cross-lagged multilevel models. RESULTS Controlling for covariates and lagged outcomes, within-person effects showed that higher evening stress predicted shorter actigraphic and self-reported TST (both p < .01). Conversely, shorter actigraphic and self-reported TST predicted higher next-day stress (both p < .001). Longer self-reported SOL and WASO (both p < .001), as well as lower actigraphic (p < .01) and self-reported SE (p < .001), predicted higher next-day stress. Between-person effects emerged only for self-reported TST predicting stress (p < .01). No significant results were found for the moderating role of baseline sleep complaints. CONCLUSIONS Results demonstrated bi-directional relations between stress and sleep quantity, and a consistent direction of worse sleep quantity and continuity predicting higher next-day stress. Results highlighted within-individual daily variation as being more important than between-individual differences when examining sleep and daytime functioning associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yap
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Danica C Slavish
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas
| | - Daniel J Taylor
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Bei Bei
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joshua F Wiley
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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49
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Abstract
Objective/Background: Lower socioeconomic status (SES) is generally associated with poor sleep but little is known about how different SES indices are associated with sleep duration and quality, or about these relations longitudinally or in cohabiting couples. The main objective was to examine longitudinal associations between multiple SES and sleep parameters in cohabiting adults. Participants: Participants were cohabiting couples (N = 135) of women (M age = 37.2 years, SD = 5.93; 76% White/European American, 18% Black/African American) and men (M = 39.9 years, SD = 7.33; 78% White, 18% Black). Methods: Men and women participated twice with a 1-year lag. At Time (T1), participants reported on multiple SES indices including their income, perceived economic well-being, education, employment status, and occupation. Sleep at T1 and T2 was assessed with self-reports and actigraphs (sleep duration from onset to wake time, %sleep from onset to wake, long wake episodes). Results: Actor effects on actigraphy-assessed sleep parameters were evident for both men and women; low SES was associated with shorter duration and poor quality (%sleep, long wake episodes) sleep. These associations were most pronounced for income-to-needs ratio (men and women) and perceived economic well-being (women only). Partner effects were also evident such that men's employment status was associated with women's longer sleep duration and greater sleep quality (%sleep) whereas women's employment predicted increased subjective sleep problems for men. Conclusion: Findings illustrate the need to consider multiple SES and sleep indices, as well as the family context in studies addressing linkages between SES and sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekjyot K Saini
- Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama
| | - Margaret K Keiley
- Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama
| | | | - Adrienne M Duke
- Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama
| | - Mona El-Sheikh
- Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama
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Åkerstedt T, Narusyte J, Svedberg P. Sleep duration and mortality - Influence of age and occupational group in retired individuals. Sleep Med 2021; 80:199-203. [PMID: 33607554 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The importance of sleep duration for health or mortality attracts much public attention. Prior work indicates that both long and short sleep duration predicts mortality, with optimal sleep duration (lowest risk) at 7 h. However, we believe this may differ between subgroups. This may be the case with, for example, age groups (due to aging), or blue-collar and white-collar worker (due to work exposure). It is also likely that retirement, which permits extension of the time in bed, may confound analyses. The purpose of the present study was to investigate how occupational group (blue-collar/white-collar worker) and age influence the pattern of association between sleep duration and mortality in retired individuals. Retired individuals were selected since it was hypothesized that effects of occupation may accumulate over years and since the transition into retirement may be a confounder. We used a sample of 14 000 individuals from the Swedish Twin Registry, which had provided data on sleep duration and a number of covariates. Cox proportional hazards analysis was applied to data. The results show that occupational group did not influence the association, but showed significant hazard ratios (HR) for long (≥9.5 h) and short (<6.5 h) sleep in both groups (HR > 1.35), with optimal sleep duration (lowest HR) with a wide span (6.5-9.5 h). Age groups in tertiles also showed significant U-shapes, with a wide span (6.5-9.5 h) for the younger 2/3 (54-74 years), but a weaker pattern for the oldest third (≥75 years), for which optimal sleep fell in the 6.5-7.5 h interval. It was concluded that occupational group does not influence the association between sleep duration and mortality in retired individuals, but that age does.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torbjörn Åkerstedt
- Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychology, Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jurgita Narusyte
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pia Svedberg
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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