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Wang P, Li J, Xie MY, Wu CC, Wong CS, Zeng EY. Utility of a modified o-DGT passive sampler for measurement of bisphenol analogues in freshwater and coastal waters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172978. [PMID: 38705295 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol analogues (BPs) are commonly found in riverine and coastal waters. However, the lack of a reliable and robust passive sampling method has hindered our ability to monitor these compounds in aquatic systems. The study developed a novel organic-diffusive gradients in thin film (o-DGT) sampler based on stainless steel mesh membrane, polyacrylamide diffusive gel, and hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) binding gel. This innovative design tackled issues of filter membrane sorption in traditional o-DGT devices and potential gel damage in membrane-less o-DGT devices, showing promising application prospects. The mass accumulation of 15 target BPs was linear over 10 days in both freshwater (r2 ≥ 0.92) and seawater (r2 ≥ 0.94), with no saturation observed. The diffusion coefficients (D) through polyacrylamide diffusive gels ranged from 4.04 × 10-6 to 5.77 × 10-6 cm2 s-1 in freshwater and from 1.74 × 10-6 to 4.69 × 10-6 cm2 s-1 in seawater for the target BPs (except for bisphenol PH) at 22 °C. The D values of the target BPs in seawater were lower than those in freshwater due to the high salinity in seawater (35 ‰). The o-DGT samplers demonstrated good integrity in field applications. The total concentrations of the eight detected BPs ranged from 9.2 to 323 ng L-1, which was consistent with the measurements obtained by grab sampling. Among all BPs, bisphenol S, bisphenol F, and bisphenol A were consistently detected at all sites using both sampling methods. The concentrations of some novel BPs in coastal water measured by grab sampling were comparable to those measured in rivers, suggesting the need to strengthen pollution control of BPs in coastal areas. These results indicate that the o-DGT passive sampling method developed in the present study can be effectively used for monitoring BPs in freshwater and coastal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Jie Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Meng Yi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chen Chou Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Charles S Wong
- Southern California Coastal Water Research Project Authority, Costa Mesa, CA 92626, USA
| | - Eddy Y Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Gao X, Zhou Q. Highly sensitive passive sampling of new pollutants in urban reclaimed water using hydrophilic-lipophilic balance sorbent-embedded cellulose acetate membrane. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 257:121681. [PMID: 38692257 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Urban reclaimed water is important water resource in China, while the residual new pollutants in the water largely challenge their safety for further use. China's action program for the management of new pollutants (also known as emerging contaminants) requires effective method for monitoring diverse new pollutants in water. This work proposed a highly sensitive passive sampling method for monitoring diverse new pollutants in urban reclaimed water. Hydrophilic-lipophilic balance sorbent-embedded cellulose acetate membranes (HECAMs) were dynamically deployed in self-developed continuous flow integrative sampling device (CFISD) for sampling four types of new pollutants with wide polarity ranges (1.11 < log Kow < 9.49) in a reclaimed water network for landscape irrigation in Beijing, China. The estimated equilibrium partition ratios of most chemicals between HECAM and water were over 104, which would provide low detection limits. In the 7-d high-efficiency deployment, thirty new pollutants were detected, which indicated incompletely removal of various new pollutants in wastewater treatment process. The dynamical accumulation data were successfully fitted by first-order kinetic model and different contaminants reached different accumulation phases in the HECAMs during 7 d. Acceptable and steady uptake rate constants and sampling rates were obtained with the use of CFISD in field sampling. The estimated time-weighted average concentrations for contaminants had wide concentration range and were from 0.03 ng L-1 (pendimethalin) to 3,394 ng L-1 (dibutyl phthalate) and this may lead to environmental risk for further use the reclaimed water. Dynamical deployment results also provided sensitive information of concentration fluctuations and twelve pollutants showed concentration fluctuations during the sampling period. In summary, HECAM showed high sensitivities and credible performance of monitoring diverse new pollutants in the urban reclaimed water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhong Gao
- College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qingxiang Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China.
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3
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Diao Z, Feng G, Xu W, Zhu F, Zhang Y, Duan J, Xu M, Zhang X, Zhang X, Zhao S, Wang S, Yuan X. Development of diffusive gradients in thin-films technique for monitoring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in coastal waters. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134384. [PMID: 38663292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Addressing the challenge of accurately monitoring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in aquatic systems, this study employed diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) technique to achieve methods detection limits as low as 0.02 ng L-1 to 0.05 ng L-1 through in situ preconcentration and determination of time-integrated concentrations. The efficacy of the developed DGT samplers was validated under diverse environmental conditions, demonstrating independence from factors such as pH (5.03-9.01), dissolved organic matter (0-20 mg L-1), and ionic strength (0.0001-0.6 M). Notably, the introduction of a novel theoretical approach to calculate diffusion coefficients based on solvent-accessible volume tailored for PAHs significantly enhanced the method's applicability, particularly for organic pollutants with low solubility. Field deployments in coastal zones validated the DGT method against traditional grab sampling, with findings advocating a 4 to 7-day optimal deployment duration for balancing sensitivity and mitigating lag time effects. These results provide a sophisticated, efficient solution to the persistent challenge of monitoring hydrophobic organic pollutants in aquatic environments, broadening the scope and applicability of DGT in environmental science and providing a robust tool for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishan Diao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Guoqin Feng
- Shanghai Hansoh Biomedical, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Weikun Xu
- National Deep-Sea Center, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Fanping Zhu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China; Sino-French Research Institute for Ecology and Environment, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Yiqiao Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Jianlu Duan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Mengxin Xu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China.
| | - Shan Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Shuguang Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China; Sino-French Research Institute for Ecology and Environment, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China; WeiHai Research Institute of Industrial Technology of Shandong University, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Xianzheng Yuan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China; Sino-French Research Institute for Ecology and Environment, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
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4
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Alijagic A, Suljević D, Fočak M, Sulejmanović J, Šehović E, Särndahl E, Engwall M. The triple exposure nexus of microplastic particles, plastic-associated chemicals, and environmental pollutants from a human health perspective. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 188:108736. [PMID: 38759545 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The presence of microplastics (MPs) is increasing at a dramatic rate globally, posing risks for exposure and subsequent potential adverse effects on human health. Apart from being physical objects, MP particles contain thousands of plastic-associated chemicals (i.e., monomers, chemical additives, and non-intentionally added substances) captured within the polymer matrix. These chemicals are often migrating from MPs and can be found in various environmental matrices and human food chains; increasing the risks for exposure and health effects. In addition to the physical and chemical attributes of MPs, plastic surfaces effectively bind exogenous chemicals, including environmental pollutants (e.g., heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants). Therefore, MPs can act as vectors of environmental pollution across air, drinking water, and food, further amplifying health risks posed by MP exposure. Critically, fragmentation of plastics in the environment increases the risk for interactions with cells, increases the presence of available surfaces to leach plastic-associated chemicals, and adsorb and transfer environmental pollutants. Hence, this review proposes the so-called triple exposure nexus approach to comprehensively map existing knowledge on interconnected health effects of MP particles, plastic-associated chemicals, and environmental pollutants. Based on the available data, there is a large knowledge gap in regard to the interactions and cumulative health effects of the triple exposure nexus. Each component of the triple nexus is known to induce genotoxicity, inflammation, and endocrine disruption, but knowledge about long-term and inter-individual health effects is lacking. Furthermore, MPs are not readily excreted from organisms after ingestion and they have been found accumulated in human blood, cardiac tissue, placenta, etc. Even though the number of studies on MPs-associated health impacts is increasing rapidly, this review underscores that there is a pressing necessity to achieve an integrated assessment of MPs' effects on human health in order to address existing and future knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andi Alijagic
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM), Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden; Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre (iRiSC), Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden.
| | - Damir Suljević
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, 71 000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Muhamed Fočak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, 71 000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Jasmina Sulejmanović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, 71 000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Elma Šehović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, 71 000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Eva Särndahl
- Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre (iRiSC), Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Magnus Engwall
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM), Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
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Lu Y, Li C, Wang Y, Liu C, Wang Z, Liu J, Fan H, Feng Z, Sun T. A recyclable SERS-DGT device for in-situ sensing of sulfamethazine by Au@g-C 3N 4NS in water. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 253:121307. [PMID: 38377930 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Although diffusion gradient in thin-film technique (DGT) has realized the in-situ sampling Sulfamethazine (SMT), the traditional DGT devices cannot be served as sensing devices but in-situ sampling devices. Here we report a recyclable surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) responsive DGT sensing device (recyclable SERS-DGT Sensing Device) capable of in-situ sensing of SMT in water. This is achieved by innovatively utilizing a recyclable SERS responsive liquid suspension of Au nanoparticles supported on g-C3N4 (Au@g-C3N4NS) as DGT binding phase. Au@g-C3N4NS is synthesized via in-situ growth method and embed in DGT binding phase, which exhibits good SERS activity, aqueous stability recyclable and adsorption performance. The SERS-DGT Sensing Device is valid for measuring SMT under a wide range of conditions (i.e., deployment time 24∼180 h, concentrations range of 1.031∼761.9 ng mL-1, pH 5∼9, ionic strength 0.0001∼0.05 mol L-1 NaCl, DOM concentrations 0∼100 mg L-1, four recycles). Furthermore, substrate combined with DGT binding phase, can integrate the sampling, pretreatment and SERS detection of SMT, which can be recycled, improving the reliability and efficiency of environmental monitoring. In this article, recyclable SERS-DGT Sensing Device, a platform for recyclable in-situ sensing of antibiotics, holds great potential for environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshu Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110819 PR China
| | - Changwei Li
- School of New Energy, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, 315336 PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110819 PR China.
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110819 PR China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, 121001 PR China
| | - Ziyue Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110819 PR China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110819 PR China
| | - Hongtao Fan
- College of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001 PR China.
| | - Zhongmin Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110819 PR China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110819 PR China.
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6
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Li Y, Rong Q, Han C, Li H, Luo J, Yan L, Wang D, Jones KC, Zhang H. Development and validation of an in situ high-resolution technique for measuring antibiotics in sediments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133551. [PMID: 38301441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Important biogeochemical processes occur in sediments at fine scales. Sampling techniques capable of yielding information with high resolution are therefore needed to investigate chemical distributions and fluxes and to elucidate key processes affecting chemical fates. In this study, a high-resolution diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) technique was systematically developed and tested in a controlled sediment system to measure organic contaminants, antibiotics, for the first time. The DGT probe was used to resolve compound distributions at the mm scale. It also reflected the fluxes from the sediment pore-water and remobilization from the solid phase, providing more dynamic information. Through the fine scale detection, a reduction of re-supply was observed over time, which was concentration and location dependent. Compared to the Rhizon sampling method, antibiotic concentrations obtained by DGT probes were less than the pore-water concentrations, as DGT measures the labile fraction of the compounds. The DGT probe was also tested on an intact sediment core sampled from a lake in China and used to measure the distribution of labile antibiotics with depth in the core at the mm scale. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION: The abuse of antibiotics and widespread of their residues influences the ecosystem, induces the generation of super-bacteria, and finally poses threat to human health. Sediments adsorbs pollutants from the aquatic environment, while may also release them back to the environment. We systematically developed DGT probe approach for measuring antibiotics in sediment in situ in high resolving power, it provides information at fine scale to help us investigate biogeochemical processes take place in sediment and sediment-water interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanying Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Qiuyu Rong
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Chao Han
- Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, PR China
| | - Hanbing Li
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Liying Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Degao Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Kevin C Jones
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China; Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
| | - Hao Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
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Diao Z, Zhang X, Xu M, Wei F, Xie X, Zhu F, Hui B, Zhang X, Wang S, Yuan X. A critical review of distribution, toxicological effects, current analytical methods and future prospects of synthetic musks in aquatic environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169872. [PMID: 38199360 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic musks (SMs) have gained widespread utilization in daily consumer products, leading to their widespread dissemination in aquatic environments through various pathways. Over the past few decades, the production of SMs has consistently risen, prompting significant concern over their potential adverse impacts on ecosystems and human health. Although several studies have focused on the development of analytical techniques for detecting SMs in biological samples and cosmetic products, a comprehensive evaluation of their global distribution in diverse aquatic media and biological matrices remains lacking. This review aims to provide an up-to-date overview of the occurrence of SMs in both aquatic and various biological matrices, investigating their worldwide distribution trends, assessing their ecological toxicity, and comparing different methodologies for processing and analysis of SMs. The findings underscore the prevalence of polycyclic musks as predominant SMs, with consumption of various products in different countries leading to contrasting distribution of contaminants. Furthermore, the migration of SMs from sediments to the water phase is investigated, indicating the role of solid-phase reservoirs. Incomplete degradation of SMs in the environment could contribute to their accumulation in aquatic systems, impacting the growth and oxidative stress of aquatic organisms, and having a possibility of genotoxicity to them. Human exposure data highlight substantial risks for vulnerable populations such as pregnant women and infants. Moreover, contemporary methods for SMs analysis are presented in this review, particularly focusing on advancements made in the last five years. Finally, research enhancement and critical questions regarding the analysis of SMs are provided, offering suggestions for future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishan Diao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Mengxin Xu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Fenghua Wei
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Xie
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Fanping Zhu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China; Sino-French Research Institute for Ecology and Environment, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Bin Hui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China; Sino-French Research Institute for Ecology and Environment, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China.
| | - Shuguang Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China; Sino-French Research Institute for Ecology and Environment, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Xianzheng Yuan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China; Sino-French Research Institute for Ecology and Environment, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
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Fialová P, Šverclová K, Grabicová K, Grabic R, Švecová H, Nováková P, Vrana B. Performance comparison of three passive samplers for monitoring of polar organic contaminants in treated municipal wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168153. [PMID: 37914129 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, several types of passive samplers have been developed and used to monitor polar organic compounds in aquatic environments. These samplers use different sorbents and barriers to control the uptake into the sampler, but their performance comparison is usually not well investigated. This study aimed to directly compare the performance of three samplers, i.e., the Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler (POCIS), the Hydrogel-based Passive Sampler (HPS, an upscaled version of o-DGT), and the Speedisk, on a diverse suite of pharmaceuticals, per- and polyfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS), and pesticides and their metabolites. The samplers were deployed side-by-side in the treated effluent of a municipal wastewater treatment plant for different exposure times. All samplers accumulated a comparable number of compounds, and integrative uptake was observed for most compounds detected up to 28 days for POCIS, up to 14 days for HPS, and up to 42 days for Speedisk. In the integrative uptake phase, consistent surface-specific uptake was observed with a significant correlation between samplers (r ≥ 0.76) despite differences in sampler construction, diffusion barrier, and sorbent material used. The low sampling rates compared to the literature and the low estimated overall mass transfer coefficient suggests that the water boundary layer was the main barrier controlling the uptake for all samplers. Although all devices provided comparable performance, Speedisk overcomes POCIS and HPS in several criteria, including time-integrative sampling over a long period and physical durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Fialová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno 61137, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 38925 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Šverclová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno 61137, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Grabicová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 38925 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Grabic
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 38925 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Švecová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 38925 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Nováková
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 38925 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Branislav Vrana
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno 61137, Czech Republic.
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Yu X, Wang Y, Watson P, Yang X, Liu H. Application of passive sampling device for exploring the occurrence, distribution, and risk of pharmaceuticals and pesticides in surface water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168393. [PMID: 37963530 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and pesticides are compounds of high concern in surface waters around the world. However, few studies have used passive sampling methods to screen and detect these compounds in natural waters. In this study, a self-developed passive sampler was employed to measure pharmaceuticals and pesticides in the rivers of Nanjing, China. A total of 41 pharmaceuticals and 11 pesticides were detected, among which antibiotic and insecticide were the predominant classes, respectively. Valproic acid, caffeine and triclosan from the pharmaceuticals, and isoprocarb and imidacloprid from the pesticides were found frequently with high concentrations. At most sampling sites, the concentration ratios of caffeine versus carbamazepine exceeded 10, and even above 50, indicating relatively poor efficiency of wastewater treatment, or possibly the direct discharge of raw sewage, or other unknown source of pollution. It was found that the concentrations and ecological risks in the northern area of Yangtze River were higher than those in the southern area of Yangtze River, implying that economic development and population density were not the main contributors to the discovered pollution. The total concentration of pharmaceuticals and pesticides in Qinhuai River increased gradually with the direction of water flow, demonstrating the success of water diversion project in flushing and scouring pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhi Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Peter Watson
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, NM, United States
| | - Xianhai Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Huihui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
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10
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Yi J, Huang X, Hou J, Xiong J, Qian Z, Liu S, Zhang J, Yin D, Li J, Su Q, Qi S, Chen W. Occurrence and distribution of PPCPs in water from two largest urban lakes of China: First perspective from DGT in-situ measurement. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166656. [PMID: 37647953 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) are an important group of emerging contaminants that may threaten organisms at trace concentrations. However, research on the occurrence of PPCPs in urban lakes in China is still scarce. In this study, 15 PPCPs in the Tangxun Lake and the Donghu Lake were collected using the diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) technique and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Thirteen of the 15 targeted PPCPs were detected in the Tangxun Lake, and all PPCPs were detected in the Donghu Lake, with total concentrations ranging from 160 to 730 ng/L (average: 401 ng/L) and 187 to 1933 ng/L (average: 653 ng/L), respectively. Bisphenol A (BPA) was the dominant PPCP, followed by disinfectants in both lakes. The total concentrations of PPCPs in the Donghu Lake were higher than those in the Tangxun Lake. The spatial distribution characteristics of PPCPs in the two lakes were different, with higher total concentrations in the eastern part than in the western part of the Tangxun Lake spatially and higher in the north-western part than in the south-eastern part of the Donghu Lake. The results of the risk assessment showed that BPA and estrone posed high risks to the aquatic environment (RQ ≥ 1), while triclosan and estriol presented a medium risk (0.1 ≤ RQ < 1) in some sites. This study was the first attempt to apply DGT for providing vital data on the evaluation of the ecological risk of PPCPs in the two largest lakes in China, and attention should be paid to the long-term ecological effects caused by the occurrence of PPCPs in lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapei Yi
- School of Environmental Studies and Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, and State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Xi Huang
- School of Environmental Studies and Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, and State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Jie Hou
- School of Environmental Studies and Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, and State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China; Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Junwu Xiong
- School of Environmental Studies and Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, and State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Zhe Qian
- School of Environmental Studies and Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, and State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Shan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
| | - Jiaquan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
| | - Dacong Yin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Water Resources & Eco-Environmental Sciences, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Junyi Li
- China NUS (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou 215128, China
| | - Qiuke Su
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Shihua Qi
- School of Environmental Studies and Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, and State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Environmental Studies and Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, and State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China.
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11
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Krupčíková S, Stiborek M, Šimek Z, Vrana B. Factors affecting diffusion of polar organic compounds in agarose hydrogel applied to control mass transfer in passive samplers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:122470-122481. [PMID: 37968489 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30929-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Diffusive hydrogel-based passive sampler (HPS) based on diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) is designed for monitoring polar organic contaminants in the aquatic environment. DGT technique controls the compound's overall uptake rate by adding a hydrogel layer of known thickness, which minimizes the importance of the resistive water boundary layer in the compound uptake process. In this work, we investigated several factors which may influence the diffusion of a range of aquatic contaminants in 1.5% agarose hydrogel. Diffusion in hydrogel was tested using the sheet stacking method. We demonstrated that a thin nylon netting incorporated into the diffusive hydrogel for mechanical strengthening does not significantly affect the diffusion of 11 perfluoroalkyl compounds. Further, we investigated the effect of pH in the range from 3 to 11 on the diffusion of a range of 39 aromatic amines (AAs) -36 aromatic, 2 aliphatic, and azobenzene in hydrogel. AAs were chosen as representatives of compounds with pH-dependent dissociation in water. Analysis of variance showed no significant difference in mean diffusion coefficient log D value at five pH values. The demonstration that the diffusion coefficient D and thus the sampling rate Rs are independent on pH simplifies the interpretation of data from field studies because we can neglect the influence of pH on the Rs. log D values (m2 s-1) of tested AAs ranged from to - 9.77 for 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine to - 9.19 for azobenzene. A negative correlation of log D with molar mass (log M) and molecular volume (log Vm) was observed (R = - 0.57 and - 0.56, respectively). The diffusion coefficient presents a critical parameter for the sampling rate estimation of HPS. Theoretical sampling rates Rs of AAs were calculated for a HPS using the average D values. Theoretical Rs values calculated for AAs at 22°C ranged from 29 mL day-1 for 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine to 106 mL day-1 for 2-aminopyridine. Our calculated values of Rs are in the same range as those already published for a range of low-molecular polar organic contaminants, which supports the possibility of deriving sampler performance parameters in the field from laboratory-derived diffusivity of analytes in hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Krupčíková
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 61137, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Stiborek
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 61137, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Šimek
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 61137, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Branislav Vrana
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 61137, Brno, Czech Republic.
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12
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Lu Y, Li C, Wang Y, Wang Z, Liu C, Fan H, Sun T. A SERS Responsive DGT Sensing Device for On-Site Determination of Organic Contaminants Underwater. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3762-3771. [PMID: 37811839 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Although diffusion gradient in the thin-film technique (DGT) is highly regarded in environmental analysis, the traditional DGT devices cannot serve as sensing devices but in situ sampling devices. Here we report a surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) responsive DGT sensing device (SERS-DGT Sensor) capable of on-site determination of organic contaminants underwater. This is achieved by innovatively utilizing a SERS responsive liquid suspension of Au nanoparticles supported on graphene oxide (AuNPs@GO) as the DGT binding phase. Liquid suspension is synthesized via a combined secondary growth and molecular welding approach and used as DGT binding phase AuNPs@GO exhibit good SERS activity, aqueous stability, and adsorption performance. Based on the development time range of 24-144 h, the measurement of sulfadiazine (SMT) by SERS-DGT Sensor is evaluated in the concentration range of 0.3289-2631 ng mL-1. The SERS-DGT sampler is valid for measuring SMT under a wide range of environmental conditions (i.e, pH 5-9, ionic strength 0.0001-0.05 mol L-1 NaCl, DOM concentrations 0-100 mg L-1, the values of TC: SMT ≤ 20 and MNZ: SMT ≤ 20). SERS-DGT Sensor is applied to the practical test of SMT content in pig breeding wastewater, and compared with the grab sampling method, the results confirm that this novel hyphenated technique exhibits good accuracy and precision. The platform proves to be versatile by extending the method to the monitoring of rhodamine 6G, metronidazole, fluoxetine, and enrofloxacin. In this article, SERS-DGT Sensor, a platform for directly on-site sensing of organic DGT, holds great potential for in situ sampling and on-site sensing for a wide range of organics and provides a new idea for environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshu Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, P. R. China
| | - Changwei Li
- School of New Energy, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo 315336, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, P. R. China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, P. R. China
| | - Ziyue Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, P. R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P. R. China
| | - Hongtao Fan
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering, and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning University of Petroleum & Chemical Technology, Fushun 113001, P. R. China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, P. R. China
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13
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Lee J, Jeong S. Approach to an answer to "How dangerous microplastics are to the human body": A systematic review of the quantification of MPs and simultaneously exposed chemicals. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132404. [PMID: 37672992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
This review aims to facilitate future research on microplastics (MPs) in the environment using systematic and analytical protocols, ultimately contributing to assessment of the risk to human health due to continuous daily exposure to MPs. Despite extensive studies on MP abundance in environment, identification, and treatment, their negative effects on human health remain unknown due to the lack of proof from clinical studies and limited technology on the MP identification. To assess the risk of MPs to human health, the first step is to estimate MP intake via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact under standardized exposure conditions in daily life. Furthermore, rather than focusing on the sole MPs, migrating chemicals from plastic products should be quantified and their health risk be assessed concurrently with MP release. The critical factors influencing MP release and simultaneously exposed chemicals (SECs) must be investigated using a standardized identification method. This review summarises release sources, factors, and possible routes of MPs from the environment to the human body, and the quantification methods used in risk assessment. We also discussed the issues encountered in MP release and SEC migration. Consequently, this review provides directions for future MP studies that can answer questions about MP toxicity to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Lee
- Institute for Environment and Energy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Sanghyun Jeong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea.
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14
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Liang Y, Li H, Li S, Chen S. Organic diffusive gradients in thin films (o-DGT) for determining environmental behaviors of antibiotics: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132279. [PMID: 37597396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are recognized as effective medicine that has been extensively used in human and veterinary. Since the rate of releasing into the environment is stronger than the rate of elimination, antibiotics are regarded as persistent or "pseudo-persistent" organic compounds that result in the development of microbial antibiotic resistance. Therefore, assessment for their ecological risks to the environment are essential. Diffusive gradients in thin films for organic compounds (o-DGT) have been adapted to investigate the environmental behaviors of antibiotics. Currently, more than 20 compounds have been tested by o-DGT in waters and soil environments. In this review, we explained the theoretical reason that o-DGT is feasible to determine the labile fraction of antibiotics in different environmental media. The most used agarose diffusive gel, and various binding agents such as resin, porous carbon and nano-scale materials have been compared to optimize the sampling of antibiotics by o-DGT. Results of deploying o-DGT devices in waters and soils from previous studies were discussed to understand the bioavailability and dynamic transport of antibiotics. Also, we provided the feasibility analysis of using o-DGT in sediments for antibiotics measurements, which is required to be carried out in future studies. To have a deep view on the development of o-DGT, its technical limitations and viable improvements were summarized in this study for further applications on antibiotics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Liang
- Department of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hanbing Li
- Department of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Sumei Li
- Department of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Sha Chen
- Department of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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15
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Yin H, Yao H, Yuan W, Lin CJ, Fu X, Yin R, Meng B, Luo J, Feng X. Determination of the Isotopic Composition of Aqueous Mercury in a Paddy Ecosystem Using Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films. Anal Chem 2023; 95:12290-12297. [PMID: 37605798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Measuring the isotopic composition of Hg in natural waters is challenging due to the ultratrace level of aqueous Hg (ng L-1). At least 5 ng of Hg mass is required for Hg isotopic analysis. Given the low Hg concentration in natural waters, a large volume of water (>10 L) is typically needed. The conventional grab sampling method is time-consuming, laborious, and prone to contamination during transportation and preconcentration steps. In this study, a DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) method based on aminopropyl and mercaptopropyl bi-functionalized SBA-15 nanoparticles was developed and extended to determine the concentration and isotopic composition of aqueous Hg for the first time. The results of laboratory analysis showed that Hg adsorption by DGT induces ∼ -0.2‰ mass-dependent fractionation (MDF) and little mass-independent fractionation (MIF). The magnitude of MDF exhibits a dependence on the diffusion-layer thickness of DGT. Since Hg-MDF can occur in a broad range of environmental processes, monitoring the δ202Hg of aqueous Hg using the DGT method should be performed with caution. Field results show consistent MIF signatures (Δ199Hg) between the DGT and conventional grab sampling method. The developed DGT method serves as a passive sampling method that effectively characterizes the MIF of Hg in waters to understand the biogeochemical cycle of Hg at contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqian Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Heng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Che-Jen Lin
- Center for Advances in Water and Air Quality, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, United States
| | - Xuewu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Runsheng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Bo Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xinbin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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16
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Ren S, Jin X, Bekele TG, Lv M, Ding J, Tan F, Chen L. Development and application of diffusive gradients in thin films for in situ sampling of the organic UV filter 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) in waters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:92651-92661. [PMID: 37493909 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28844-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
4-Methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC), a typical organic UV filter (OUVF) in personal care products, is considered to be a potential endocrine disruptor due to its estrogenic activity and bioaccumulation. Although 4-MBC residues have been extensively identified in aquatic waters, little is known about their occurrence, levels, and potential risk in coastal waters. This study developed a reliable sampling approach, based on diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) with XAD-2 as the binding agent, for monitoring 4-MBC in coastal waters. The diffusion coefficients of 4-MBC in freshwater and artificial seawater were 3.65 × 10-6 cm2/s and 3.83 × 10-6 cm2/s, respectively. XAD-2 binding gel showed rapid adsorption to 4-MBC. The accumulated masses of 4-MBC in XAD-2 DGT increased linearly with deployed time for 7 days in freshwater and seawater, which agreed well with theoretical predictions. The sampling performance was independent of ionic strength (0.0001-0.5 M), pH (4.0-8.5), and dissolved organic matter (0-20 mg/L). Field deployment in the river estuary and bathing beach showed that DGT-measured 4-MBC concentrations were consistent in comparison with grab sampling. Environmental risk assessment showed that 4-MBC may pose a medium risk to aquatic organisms based on computed risk quotient (RQ) values. Sewage discharge is the main source of 4-MBC risk, while the residue in recreation beaches contributes more significantly in summer. The established DGT sampling is suitable for seasonal monitoring, source identification, and risk assessment of 4-MBC in coastal waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyu Ren
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Xiaojie Jin
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, China
| | - Tadiyose Girma Bekele
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Min Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Jing Ding
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Feng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Lingxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
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Martins de Barros R, Lissalde S, Guibal R, Guibaud G. Adaptation of the o-DGT for the sampling of 12 hormones: calibration, performance evaluation, and recommendation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:68177-68190. [PMID: 37119483 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26975-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This work highlights the methodology for the development of diffusive gradients in thin films (o-DGT) through its adaptation for 12 natural and synthetic hormones belonging to three different families (estrogens, progestins, and androgens). A reliable strategy must be applied during o-DGT lab adaptation to avoid issues related to the analysis (i.e., presence of matrix effects in grab or passive samples) but also to the o-DGT configuration (i.e., undesirable sorption or desorption, lack of performance with insufficient elution or unreliable diffusion coefficient). To avoid analytical issues due to the presence of salts in grab samples, CaCl2 exposure solutions must be used on a lab-scale development to monitor the hormone concentration. The selected o-DGT was composed of an Oasis® HLB binding gel and a diffusive gel in agarose because they provided better performance than polyacrylamide gels (i.e., higher elution factors and more repeatable diffusion coefficients). The elution factors of the binding gel were then from 0.79 ± 0.13 to 1.04 ± 0.13 (RSD < 15%) and the diffusion coefficients at 25 °C were from 4.07 ± 0.24 to 5.49 ± 0.28 × 10-6 cm2 s-1 (RSD < 9%). A laboratory exposure to a synthetic solution was performed to check the consistency with the DGT quantification model validating the calibration parameters for all hormones (except 17α-ethinylestradiol with a bias of 40%). Therefore, the o-DGT configuration is suitable for sampling hormones in the natural environment with LOQDGT ranging from 0.3 to 6.6 ng L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sophie Lissalde
- University of Limoges, E2Lim, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, 87060, Limoges Cedex, France.
| | - Robin Guibal
- University of Limoges, E2Lim, ENSIL-ENSCI, 16 Rue Atlantis, 87068, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Gilles Guibaud
- University of Limoges, E2Lim, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, 87060, Limoges Cedex, France
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Bonnaud B, Mazzella N, Boutet P, Daval A, Miège C. Calibration comparison between two passive samplers -o-DGT and POCIS- for 109 hydrophilic emerging and priority organic compounds. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 869:161720. [PMID: 36690093 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Samplers (POCIS) is the most widely used passive sampler for hydrophilic compounds, but unsuitable for certain ionic organic contaminants. The Diffusive Gradient in Thin-Film technique (o-DGT) has shown positive results for both ionic and hydrophilic compounds. However, a calibration step is now needed to evaluate kinetic constant of accumulation for a wide range of molecules. In this study, o-DGT and POCIS were compared for the sampling of three families of micropollutants of potential risk to aquatic environments: 53 pesticides, 36 pharmaceuticals and 20 hormones. A calibration experiment was conducted to compare the kinetic models and constants from a scientific and practical perspective. The results are discussed in a single table that summarizes the performance of both passive samplers for the 109 compounds of interest. The advantage of o-DGT is that it allows linear accumulation for 72 compounds versus only 33 with POCIS. The mean times to equilibrium obtained with o-DGT are higher than those obtained with POCIS. These results confirm that the presence of a diffusion gel delays the achievement of equilibrium during compound accumulation. Therefore, o-DGT can be considered for situations where POCIS cannot be used due to non-linear accumulation over a typical 14-day deployment period. However, overall sampling rates and mass transfer coefficients also appear reduced with o-DGT, which is explained by the smaller exchange surface area, as well as the consideration of an additional diffusive layer in this device. This paper also showed that the most appropriate membrane to sample polar compounds with o-DGT was a polyethersulfone polymer with a pore size of 5 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pierre Boutet
- Inrae, UR RiverLy, 5 rue de la Doua, F-69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Amandine Daval
- Inrae, UR RiverLy, 5 rue de la Doua, F-69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Cécile Miège
- Inrae, UR RiverLy, 5 rue de la Doua, F-69625 Villeurbanne, France
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19
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Song M, Su Y, Jiang L, Peng K, Li J, Liu S, Sun Y, Chen CE, Luo C. Assessing the bioavailability of antibiotics in soil with the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 448:130935. [PMID: 36860072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique is an excellent method for investigating the dynamic processes of antibiotics in soils. However, whether it is applicable in antibiotic bioavailability assessment is yet to be disclosed. This study employed DGT to determine the antibiotic bioavailability in soil, and compared the results with plant uptake, soil solutions, and solvent extraction methods. DGT exhibited predictive capability for plant taking in antibiotics proved by the significant linear relationship between the DGT based concentration (CDGT) and antibiotic concentration in roots and shoots. Although the performance of soil solution was acceptable based on linear relationship analysis, its stability was weaker than DGT. The results based on plant uptake and DGT indicated the bioavailable antibiotic contents in different soils were inconsistent because of the distinct mobility and resupply of sulphonamides and trimethoprim in different soils, as represented by Kd and Rds, which were affected by soil properties. Plant species played an important role in antibiotic uptake and translocation. Antibiotic uptake by plants depends on antibiotic, plant and soil. These results confirmed the capability of DGT in determining antibiotic bioavailability for the first time. This work provided a simple and powerful tool for environmental risk evaluation of antibiotics in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Song
- Joint Institute of Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yicheng Su
- Joint Institute of Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Longfei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ke Peng
- Joint Institute of Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jinling Li
- Environmental Research Institute/School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sisi Liu
- Environmental Research Institute/School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingtao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chang-Er Chen
- Environmental Research Institute/School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Chunling Luo
- Joint Institute of Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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20
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De la Parra-Guerra AC, Acevedo-Barrios R. Studies of Endocrine Disruptors: Nonylphenol and Isomers in Biological Models. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37057841 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Certain emerging pollutants are among the most widely used chemicals globally, causing widespread concern in relation to their use in products devoted to cleaniness and asepsis. Nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPEOn) is one such contaminant, along with its degradation product, nonylphenol, an active ingredient presents in nonionic surfactants used as herbicides, cosmetics, paints, plastics, disinfectants, and detergents. These chemicals and their metabolites are commonly found in environmental matrices. Nonylphenol and NPEOn, used, are particularly concerning, given their role as endocrine disruptors chemical and possible neurotoxic effects recorded in several biological models, primarily aquatic organisms. Limiting and detecting these compounds remain of paramount importance. The objective of the present review was to evaluate the toxic effects of nonylphenol and NPEOn in different biological models. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;00:1-12. © 2023 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C De la Parra-Guerra
- Department of Natural and Exact Sciences, Universidad de La Costa, Barranquilla, Colombia
- Biodiversity Research Group, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Rosa Acevedo-Barrios
- Grupo de Investigación en Estudios Químicos y Biológicos, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Cartagena, Colombia
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21
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Fialová P, Grabic R, Grabicová K, Nováková P, Švecová H, Kaserzon S, Thompson K, Vrana B. Performance evaluation of a diffusive hydrogel-based passive sampler for monitoring of polar organic compounds in wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 864:161071. [PMID: 36565860 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
An upscaled passive sampler variant (diffusive hydrogel-based passive sampler; HPS) based on diffusive gradients in thin films for polar organic compounds (o-DGT) with seven times higher surface area (22.7 cm2) than a typical o-DGT sampler (3.14 cm2) was tested in several field studies. HPS performance was tested in situ within a calibration study in the treated effluent of a municipal wastewater treatment plant and in a verification study in the raw municipal wastewater influent. HPS sampled integratively for up to 14 days in the effluent, and 8 days in the influent. Sampling rates (Rs) were derived for 44 pharmaceuticals and personal care products, 3 perfluoroalkyl substances, 2 anticorrosives, and 21 pesticides and metabolites, ranging from 6 to 132 mL d-1. Robustness and repeatability of HPS deteriorated after exposures longer than 14 days due to microbial and physical damage of the diffusive agarose layer. In situ Rs values for the HPS can be applied to estimate the aqueous concentration of the calibrated polar organic compounds in wastewater within an uncertainty factor of four. When accepting this level of accuracy, the HPS can be applied for monitoring trends of organic micropollutants in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Fialová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Grabic
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 38925 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Grabicová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 38925 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Nováková
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 38925 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Švecová
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 38925 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Sarit Kaserzon
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Kristie Thompson
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Branislav Vrana
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic.
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22
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Perez ASC, Challis JK, Ji X, Giesy JP, Brinkmann M. Impacts of wastewater effluents and seasonal trends on levels of antipsychotic pharmaceuticals in water and sediments from two cold-region rivers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158247. [PMID: 36007655 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Most pharmaceuticals are found at trace concentrations in aquatic systems, but their continuous release and potential accumulation can lead to adverse health effects in exposed organisms. Concentrations can vary temporally, driven by variations in discharges of receiving waters, sorption to sediments, and other biotic and abiotic exchange processes. The principal aim of this research was to better understand the occurrence, trends, and dynamics of pharmaceuticals in a cold-climate, riverine environment. To this end, a suite of seven representative antipsychotic pharmaceuticals was measured upstream and downstream of two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Saskatchewan, Canada, located in the South Saskatchewan River and Wascana Creek, respectively, across three seasons. Concentrations of analytes were in the ng/L range and generally greater downstream of both WWTPs compared to upstream. Some compounds, including the tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline, which was the most abundant analyte in water and sediment from both sites and across seasons, reached low μg/L concentrations. Data collected from this research effort indicate contamination with antipsychotic pharmaceuticals, with the potential to adversely impact exposed organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sharelys Cardenas Perez
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, 117 Science Place Saskatoon, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada; Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Innovation Blvd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada
| | - Jonathan K Challis
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Xiaowen Ji
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, 117 Science Place Saskatoon, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada; Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Innovation Blvd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada
| | - John P Giesy
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada; Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA; Department of Zoology and Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, 426 Auditorium Road East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Markus Brinkmann
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, 117 Science Place Saskatoon, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada; Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Innovation Blvd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; Centre for Hydrology, University of Saskatchewan, 101 - 121 Research Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 1K2, Canada.
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23
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Yan L, Rong Q, Zhang H, Jones KC, Li Y, Luo J. Evaluation and Application of a Novel Diffusive Gradients in Thin-Films Technique for In Situ Monitoring of Glucocorticoids in Natural Waters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:15499-15507. [PMID: 36256587 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The potential environmental risks of glucocorticoids (GCs) have attracted attention in the past few decades. In this study, a novel diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) device and analytical technique based on the second generation of polar enhanced phase (PEP-2), PEP-2-DGT, were developed for sampling and quantifying natural and synthetic GCs in aquatic systems. The capacity of PEP-2 gels for accumulating all target compounds was >600 μg per disc, sufficient for long-term passive sampling of selected GCs, even in wastewaters. Systematic tests were carried out to verify the application of DGT in natural waters and wastewaters. The performance of PEP-2-DGT devices was independent (CDGT/Csoln was in the acceptable range of 0.9-1.1) of a wide range of environmental conditions: ionic strength (0.001-0.5 mol L-1), dissolved organic matter (0-20 mg L-1), and pH (3.06-9.02). It was tested for various diffusive layer thicknesses (0.565-2.065 mm) and different deployment times (10-168 h). Diffusion coefficients (D) of selected GCs through an agarose-based diffusive gel were determined for the first time (3.80-4.85 × 10-6 cm-2 s -1 at 25 °C). Linear correlations between D and log Kow were established for three groups of target GCs (R2 = 0.96-0.99). This could enable prediction of D values for other GCs with similar structures in the future, which will help for rapid screening and emergency monitoring. Concentrations and distribution patterns of analytes obtained by PEP-2-DGT devices in five rivers after 7- and 14-day deployments were in accordance with those measured from grab samples, with total GC concentrations ranging from 7 to 27 ng L-1 at all sampling sites, confirming the reliability and robustness of the DGT devices for monitoring GCs in natural waters. The development of the new DGT technique will help improve understanding of the behavior and fate of these compounds in the aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210023, P. R. China
| | - Qiuyu Rong
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, LancasterLA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Hao Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, LancasterLA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin C Jones
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, LancasterLA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Yanying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210023, P. R. China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning116023, P. R. China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210023, P. R. China
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24
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Cao H, Bu Q, Li Q, Gao X, Xie H, Gong W, Wang X, Yang L, Tang J. Development and applications of diffusive gradients in thin films for monitoring pharmaceuticals in surface waters. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 311:119979. [PMID: 35988678 PMCID: PMC9386599 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical contaminants in surface water have raised significant concerns because of their potential ecological risks. In particular, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related pharmaceuticals can be released to surface water and reduce environmental water quality. Therefore, reliable and robust sampling tools are required for monitoring pharmaceuticals. In this study, passive sampling devices of diffusive gradients in thin films (DGTs) were developed for sampling 35 pharmaceuticals in surface waters. The results demonstrated that hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) was more suitable for DGT-based devices compared with XAD18 and XDA1 resins. For most pharmaceuticals, the performance of the HLB-DGT devices were independent of pH (5.0-9.0), ionic strength (0.001-0.5 M), and flow velocity (0-400 rpm). The HLB-DGT devices exhibited linear pharmaceutical accumulation for 7 days, and time-weighted average concentrations provided by the HLB-DGT were comparable to those measured by conventional grab sampling. Compared to previous studies, we extended DGT monitoring to include three antiviral drugs used for COVID-19 treatment, which may inspire further exploration on identifying the effects of COVID-19 on ecological and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Cao
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology-Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Qingwei Bu
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology-Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
| | - Qingshan Li
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology-Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Gao
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology-Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Huaijun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian Key Laboratory on Chemicals Risk Control and Pollution Prevention Technology, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Wenwen Gong
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology-Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Jianfeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
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25
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Gu YG, Gao YP, Chen F, Huang HH, Yu SH, Jordan RW, Jiang SJ. Risk assessment of heavy metal and pesticide mixtures in aquatic biota using the DGT technique in sediments. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 224:119108. [PMID: 36122448 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals and pesticides (HMPs) are common contaminants due to their extensive use worldwide. Diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) are a good method for measuring the bioavailable concentration of pollutants. This study represents the first evaluation of HMP toxicity in aquatic biota using the DGT technique in sediments. Zhelin Bay was selected as the case study site because it has been contaminated by pollutants. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMS) analysis reveals that a diverse range of pollutants (V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, InHg, Mo, Cd, Sb, W, Pb, CLP, PYR) are mainly influenced by sediment characteristics. Assessment of single HMP toxicity found that the risk quotient (RQ) values for Mn, Cu, inorganic Hg (InHg), chlorpyrifos (CLP) and diuron (DIU) are significantly higher than 1, indicating that the adverse effects of these single HMPs should not be ignored. The combined toxicity of HMP mixtures based on probabilistic ecotoxicological risk assessment shows that Zhelin Bay surface sediments had a medium probability (54.6%) of toxic effects to aquatic biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Guang Gu
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510300, China; Key Laboratory of Open-Sea Fishery Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510300, China; Key Laboratory of Big Data for South China Sea Fishery Resources and Environment, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, China.
| | - Yan-Peng Gao
- Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Hong-Hui Huang
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510300, China; Key Laboratory of Open-Sea Fishery Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510300, China; Key Laboratory of Big Data for South China Sea Fishery Resources and Environment, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, China
| | - Shao-Hua Yu
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Richard W Jordan
- Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan
| | - Shi-Jun Jiang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
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26
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Gao X, Li J, Xu Y, Zhou Q, Ma M, Wang Z. Passive sampling hydrophilic and hydrophobic bisphenol analogues using hydrophilic-lipophilic balance sorbent-embedded cellulose acetate membrane in surface waters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156239. [PMID: 35643131 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol analogues (BPs) are ubiquitous emerging contaminants in water environments and have wide polarity ranges (1.65 < log Kow < 7.2). Integrated passive sampling strategy rarely contains hydrophilic and hydrophobic organics simultaneously, while the method has good application perspective in monitoring organic contaminants. This work evaluated passive sampling performance for fifteen BPs in a newly developed passive sampler, i.e., hydrophilic-lipophilic balance sorbent-embedded cellulose acetate membrane (HECAM). In the dynamic accumulation experiments, both hydrophilic and hydrophobic BPs (including moderately hydrophilic BPs) well followed first-order kinetic uptake in the HECAMs. The estimated uptake rate constants, elimination rate constants, and equilibrium partition coefficients for BPs ranged from 4.4 L g-1 d-1 to 14.7 L g-1 d-1, 0.22 d-1 to 0.72 d-1, and 3.99 to 4.64, respectively. The kinetic parameters for BPs in HECAM show limited correlations to log Kow values, which the rule differs from traditional passive sampler. In the study of elimination kinetics, three deuterium labeled compounds showed incomplete elimination in HECAM and did not follow first-order isotropic exchange kinetics. Dual sorption mechanisms including both adsorption and partition were found for chemicals in HECAM, which the partitioned part could release to water and the adsorbed part could not easily release to water from HECAM. As a result, performance reference compounds (PRCs) calibration may be inapplicable to HLB sorbent-based passive sampler. The field deployment of HECAM in coastal waters of Guangdong, China resulted in the detection of eleven BPs, which indicated that the waters have been polluted by various BPs. Finally, monitoring strategy of simultaneous passive sampling hydrophobic and hydrophilic organic contaminants in surface waters was recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecological Remediation, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Juying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yiping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qingxiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China.
| | - Mei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zijian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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27
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Zhu X, Jiang L, Wang Y, Ji X, Zhang D, Xu G, Wu D, Li A, Xie X. Validation and application of diffusive gradient in thin-film (DGT) equipped novel cyclodextrin polymer gels for monitoring endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and environmental risk assessment in the Taihu lake basin. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113391. [PMID: 35597293 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Taihu Lake is the most important drinking water source of the major cities in the Yangtze River Delta. The pollution of endocrine disruptors (EDCs)in Taihu Lake has been increasing recently, the accurate determination is an important guide for predicting its health risks and developing appropriate controls. Monitoring organic pollutants in water using the diffusive gradient in thin film technique (DGT) has attracted much attention due to more accuracy and convenience than the grab sampling methods. In this study, a novel cyclodextrin polymer (CDP) synthesized by the simple and green method in water was taken as an adsorbent for the binding gel. Four endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), bisphenol A (BPA), 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), 17β-estradiol (E2), and estriol (E3), were taken as models to determine the diffusion coefficients (4.68 × 10-6, 3.38 × 10-6, 3.34 × 10-6 and 4.31 × 10-6 cm2/s) and to test the performance of DGT, such as adsorption capacity and deployment time (1-5 day). The assembled CDP-DGT was adopted to determine four EDCs in a simulated water environment (3-9 of pH, 0.001-0.5 M of ionic strength (IS), and dissolved organic matter (DOM) of 0-20 mg/L). The ability of CDP-DGT sampling was verified in the Jiuxiang River and was carried out for a large-scale field application of in situ sampling EDCs in Taihu Lake basin. The results show that the total EDCs concentration range and the estradiol equivalent concentrations (EEQ) in Taihu Lake and its main rivers are 2.78 ng/L to 11.08 ng/L and 2.62 ng/L to 10.91 ng/L, respectively. The risk quotients (RQs) of all sampling sites in the region were greater than 1, indicating that EDCs pose a serious threat to aquatic organisms in the area. Therefore, the monitoring of EDCs in the Taihu Lake basin should be further strengthened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingqi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Lu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yinfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China; Jiangxi Nanxin Environmental Protection Technology Co. LTD, Jiujiang City of Jiangxi Province, 330300, China
| | - Xiaowen Ji
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Delin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Guizhou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Daishe Wu
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Aimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xianchuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China; Jiangxi Nanxin Environmental Protection Technology Co. LTD, Jiujiang City of Jiangxi Province, 330300, China.
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Ren S, Dong F, Liu J, Bekele TG, Wang Y, Zhao H, Chen J, Tan F, Wang X. Development of diffusive gradients in thin film technique for seasonal monitoring of benzophenone-type UV filters in coastal waters. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 222:118944. [PMID: 35963135 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Benzophenone(BP)-type UV filters are continuously released into various aquatic environments via the effluent discharge of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and recreational activities in coastal beaches. In this study, we developed a robust and reliable sampling approach, diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT), for seasonal monitoring of six BP derivatives in coastal waters to investigate their occurrence and environmental risk. The binding capacities of both XAD-2 and HLB gels for test BPs were over 252 μg with no significant deterioration in marine environment, suggesting that theoretically, DGT is capable of sampling for at least 3 months effectively. The diffusion coefficients of BPs in freshwater and seawater were determined for the first time. The sampling performance showed no dependence on environmental conditions including pH (4.0-8.5), ionic strength (0.0001-0.5 M) and dissolved organic matter (0-20 mg L-1). The developed DGT samplers were successfully applied in a river estuary linked to a WWTP and a bathing beach at different periods of one year. Results showed that the concentrations of BPs in the coastal waters were dependent on seasonal variation. The highest level in summer and the ecological risk should be considered based on the risk quotient values. These results demonstrated that the present DGT method is suitable for measuring, characterization, and risk assessment of BPs in freshwater and marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Fan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Tadiyose Girma Bekele
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Feng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
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Ji X, Challis JK, Cantin J, Cardenas Perez AS, Gong Y, Giesy JP, Brinkmann M. Desorption kinetics of antipsychotic drugs from sandy sediments by diffusive gradients in thin-films technique. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 832:155104. [PMID: 35398429 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic processes of organic contaminants in sediments can have important toxicological implications in aquatic systems. The current study used diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) devices in sandy sediments spiked with nine antipsychotics and in field sandy sediments. Samplers were deployed for 1 to 30 days to determine the flux of these compounds to DGT devices and the exchange rates between the porewater and sediment solid phase. The results showed a continuous removal of antipsychotics to a binding gel and induced a mobile flux from the DGT device to the adjacent sediment solution. A dynamic model, DGT-induced fluxes in soils and sediments, was used to derive rate constants of resupply of antipsychotics from solid phase to aqueous phase (response time, Tc) and distribution coefficients for labile antipsychotics. The largest labile pool was found for lamotrigine and carbamazepine in spiked sediments. Carbamazepine, clozapine, citalopram, and lamotrigine were resupplied rapidly by sediments with Tc (25-30 min). Tc values of bupropion and amitriptyline were the longest (≈5 h), which exhibited slow desorption rates in sediments. In field sediments, high resupply was found for carbamazepine and lamotrigine, which did not show higher labile pool. The Tc values were obviously higher in the filed sediments (52-171 h). Although the adsorption process is dominant for most studied antipsychotics in both spiked sediments and field sediments, the kinetic resupply of antipsychotic compounds may not be accurately estimated by laboratory-controlled incubation experiments. More studies are needed to explore the mechanisms of desorption kinetics by using in situ DGT technique in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Ji
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | | | - Jenna Cantin
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Ana S Cardenas Perez
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Yufeng Gong
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - John P Giesy
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Markus Brinkmann
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Centre for Hydrology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
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Zhu D, Cheng X, Li W, Niu F, Wen J. Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of Water Quality in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Lijiang River, China and Their Responses to Environmental Factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19138089. [PMID: 35805749 PMCID: PMC9266160 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
As the climate and the external environment have changed, the environmental factors of the Lijiang River Basin (LRB) have changed, posing new threats to the environmental quality, ecosystem balance, and management and protection of the water environment of the Lijiang River. Water quality indicators and environmental factors vary spatially along the Lijiang River, which runs through urban areas, farmland, and karst areas. However, research on the response of water quality to water environmental factors is still lacking. Within this context, this study considered statistical methods and hydrological, meteorological, and water quality data of the middle and lower reaches of the Lijiang River from 2012 to 2018, expounded on the temporal and spatial change characteristics and evolution trends of water quality indicators; we analyzed the correlation between water quality indicators and environmental factors; we quantitatively assessed the sensitivity and contribution rate of water quality indicators to environmental factors. The results demonstrated that rainfall feedback on the river streamflow was lagging, and upstream precipitation often affected downstream streamflow. The water quality in the upper reaches of Guilin has improved year by year, and pollution levels have increased slightly when flowing through the urban area of Guilin. In spite of this, it still falls within the range of self-purification. River characteristics heavily influence the impact of environmental factors on water quality indicators; in contrast, the effects of different locations along the same river are more similar. Four water quality indicators are negatively correlated with water temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO). The sensitivities of ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N) and chemical oxygen demand (CODMn) to streamflow increase with the flow direction. The contribution rates of DO-to-total phosphorus (TP) and pH-to-TP are over −6%. Water temperature is the major contributing factor in the Lijiang River, while DO has a higher contribution in tributaries. The external sources affect the concentration of various water quality indicators and the sensitivity of water quality indicators to the external environment. There should be a series of measures implemented to reduce pollution, such as using oxygenation or chemical means to increase pH in Dahe and Yangshuo to control water pollutants. Tourism and particular karst topography make LRB’s calculations unique, but the research method can be applied to other watersheds as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dantong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (D.Z.); (F.N.)
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
- South China Institution of Geotechnical Engineering, School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiangju Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (D.Z.); (F.N.)
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
- South China Institution of Geotechnical Engineering, School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Wuhua Li
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
| | - Fujun Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (D.Z.); (F.N.)
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
- South China Institution of Geotechnical Engineering, School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jianhui Wen
- Guilin Environmental Monitoring Center, Guilin 541002, China;
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Li X, Meng G, Chang Z, Lian X, Ma J, Guo R, Wang Y. Development of organic-diffusive gradients in thin films technique for measuring freely dissolved concentrations of tetracyclines using a commercial SPE packing. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 234:113359. [PMID: 35272190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The freely dissolved concentrations (FDCs) of pollutants are related to their bioavailability in the environment, and the diffusive gradients in thin films technique (DGT) can obtain the FDC of an analyte. Aiming for the detection of the FDCs of tetracyclines (TCs), we used a polyacrylamide hydrogel comprising acrylamide and acrylaide agarose cross-linker as diffusive and binding gels, and a commercial solid-phase extraction (SPE) packing, namely polymer sorbent (PLS), as an adsorption material in the binding gel for the preparation of the organic-diffusive gradients in thin films (o-DGT) devices. The results showed that the diffusion coefficients of tetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC) and chlortetracycline (CTC) in the diffusive gels were 1.08 × 10-6, 1.08 × 10-6 and 1.03 × 10-6 cm2/ s at 25 °C, respectively. The binding gel showed excellent performance with adsorption capacities of 534.88-569.42 µg/disc for TC, 527.18-565.98 µg/disc for OTC and 1320.12-1320.86 µg/disc for CTC, respectively. The uptake efficiencies were 94.21-111.12, 71.25-88.44 and 76.10-86.62% for TC, OTC and CTC, respectively, with the TCs concentration of 0.05-10 mg/L. The adsorption kinetics of TCs could be described with a pseudo-second-order model (POSM, R2 >0.97). According to the result of adsorption kinetics, the adsorption rate of TCs in the binding gel was not as fast as that of heavy metals, suggesting that the TCs concentrations at the boundary of binding gels in the o-DGT devices could not decrease to zero. After correction of the boundary concentration, the FDCs accounted for 30.30-56.90, 48.10-64.68 and 16.55-50.16% for TC, OTC and CTC, respectively, while their concentrations ranged from 0.2 to 10.0 mg/L. Our results suggested that SPE packing might be an ideal adsorption material for o-DGT binding gels, and that adsorption kinetics should be corrected when calculating the FDCs of organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Li
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Engineering Research Centre for Control & Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Gengjian Meng
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Engineering Research Centre for Control & Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhuobin Chang
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Engineering Research Centre for Control & Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xinxin Lian
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Engineering Research Centre for Control & Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jianhua Ma
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Engineering Research Centre for Control & Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ruichao Guo
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Engineering Research Centre for Control & Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Yulong Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Engineering Research Centre for Control & Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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32
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Bonnaud B, Miège C, Daval A, Fauvelle V, Mazzella N. Determination of diffusion coefficients in agarose and polyacrylamide gels for 112 organic chemicals for passive sampling by organic Diffusive Gradients in Thin films (o-DGT). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:25799-25809. [PMID: 34846659 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17563-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The diffusive gradient in thin film technique was recently adapted to organic compounds. The diffusional coefficient (D) is a key parameter needed to calculate the time-weighted average concentration. In this study, two methods are used for D measurement in two gels (agarose and polyacrylamide): the diffusion cell method (Dcell) and the slice stacking method (Dstack). Thus, D were discussed and compared for 112 organic compounds, including pesticides, hormones, and pharmaceuticals. Dstack tends to be higher than Dcell. It could be explained by the presence of a non-negligible diffusive boundary layer thickness in diffusion cell. Consequently, the use of sampling rates (RS) should be more adequate to determine water concentration, for a given bulk flow velocity. Dstack also corresponds to the diffusion in gel only, allowing the determination of the maximal RS, and would be considered as a reference value that can be adjusted to in situ conditions, by applying the appropriate DBL thickness. The range and variability of D values found in the literature and obtained in this work were discussed. Relationships between D and compound physicochemical properties (molecular mass, log Dow, polar surface area, van der Waals volume) were investigated. We did not find clear and robust correlation between D and any single physicochemical property, for the set of compounds tested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cécile Miège
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Amandine Daval
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Vincent Fauvelle
- Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), Aix-Marseille Univ., Toulon Univ., CNRS, IRD, 13288, Marseille, France
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Chen Y, Wen J, Wu M, Li JY, Wang Q, Yin J. In situ application of the diffusive gradients in thin film technique in aquaculture ponds for monitoring antibiotics, hormones, and herbicides. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:21480-21490. [PMID: 34766220 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16232-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, as the abuse of antibiotics, hormones, and herbicides has worsened in aquaculture industry, it is important to monitor the concentrations of those trace contaminants in aquaculture water more effortlessly. The aim of this study was to develop a reliable sampling method for chemical monitoring in aquaculture ponds based on the technique of diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT). A binding material (XDA-1 resin) with high adsorption capacity for antibiotics, hormones, and herbicides was selected. In laboratory, the diffusion coefficients of 11 antibiotics, 3 hormones, and 3 herbicides of the XDA-1-DGT devices were tested and ranged from 1.0×10-6 to 8.7×10-5 cm2/s. During the in situ application of XDA-1-DGT devices in different aquaculture ponds, concentrations of 11 antibiotics, 3 hormones, and 3 herbicides in aquaculture water (CSOLN) via grab sampling were also analyzed and found ranging from 0.03 to 6.3 ng/L, lower than the results based on DGT (CDGT) (1.2-1.3×102 ng/L). The values of CDGT/CSOLN were larger than one unit, suggesting that the rates of resupply of target chemicals (antibiotics, hormones, and herbicides) by the desorption and diffusion of pond water were higher than the rates of uptake by XDA-1-DGT, and pond water was proved a sufficient reservoir of antibiotics for DGT application. The value of Log (CDGT/CSOLN) of 1.1 derived from the application in the aquaculture ponds of 14 regions in Eastern China can be a reference value for future chemical monitoring based on DGT technique. And the accuracy of this value was found hardly affected by the physical and chemical properties of chemicals with pKa ranging from -1 to 12, Log Kow ranging from 0 to 4.5, and Log solubility ranging from 0.0 to 4.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqin Chen
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Ju Wen
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Meng Wu
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Juan-Ying Li
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jie Yin
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
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Zhu X, Jiang L, Tu Y, Tian Y, Xu G, Wu D, Li A, Xie X. In situ monitoring of phthalate esters (PAEs) pollution and environmental risk assessment in Poyang Lake Basin by DGT Technology using cyclodextrin polymer as binding phase. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:151892. [PMID: 34826470 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Poyang Lake is the first freshwater lake in China, which is an important drinking water source. In recent years, industrial pollution has led to the increased phthalate acid esters (PAEs) in Poyang Lake. PAEs are a class of typical endocrine disruptors that can accumulate in organisms and interfere with their secretion systems. Thus, the accurate determination of PAEs in Poyang Lake is important for health risk prediction and the development of corresponding control means. Monitoring organic pollutants in water using the diffusive gradient in thin films technique (DGT) has attracted much attention due to more accuracy and convenience than the traditional methods. This study used an inexpensive amphiphilic cyclodextrin polymer (PBCD) as the sorbent for the binding gel. This new binding gel has an ultra-high specific surface area and excellent adsorption performance. Diffusion coefficients of the five PAEs were determined, and the performance of DGT such as adsorption capacity and deployment time (1-4 days) was tested using five PAEs as models. The assembled PBCD-DGT was used to examine the performance in a complex simulated water environment. The sampling capability of PBCD-DGT was verified in Yangshan Lake, and a large-scale field application was conducted in Poyang Lake basin. The results of 11 sampling points showed that the concentration ranges of dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, diallyl phthalate, dipropyl phthalate, and dibutyl phthalate were 434-2594 ng/L, 40-314 ng/L, 80-527 ng/L, 45-308 ng/L, and ND-182 ng/L, respectively. The health risk index (HI) and ecological risk quotient (RQ) values of PAEs in the Poyang Lake watershed were far below 1, indictating a lower health and ecological risk. Considering that PAEs are bioaccumulative and persistent, it is very necessary to continue to pay attention to its pollution status and health and ecological risk changes in Poyang Lake Basin in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingqi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yizhou Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuansong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guizhou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Daishe Wu
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Aimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianchuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; Jiangxi Nanxin Environmental Protection Technology Co. LTD, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province 330300, China.
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Zhu Y, Xu G, Wang X, Ji X, Jia X, Sun L, Gu X, Xie X. Passive sampling of chlorophenols in water and soils using diffusive gradients in thin films based on β-cyclodextrin polymers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150739. [PMID: 34619202 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophenols (CPs) have been listed as priority control pollutants because of their high toxicity and wide range. An In-situ monitoring technique using diffusive gradients in thin films based on porous β-cyclodextrin polymers as binding materials (CDP-DGT), was established to monitor four typical CPs, namely, 4-Chlorophenol (4-CP), 2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (2,4,5-TCP), 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) in water and soils. The performance of CDP-DGT are stable under the conditions of pH 3.5-9.3, ionic strength 0.001-0.500 mol L-1 and dissolved organic matter concentration 0-20 mol L-1. The adsorption capacities of CDP-DGT for 4-CP, 2,4-DCP, 2,4,5-TCP, 2,4,6-TCP were 57.80 μg cm-2, 98.82 μg cm-2, 95.69 μg cm-2 and 98.91 μg cm-2, respectively. The time-average weighted concentrations of four CPs determined by CDP-DGT at Sanjiangkou wharf (Yangtze river, China) were consistent with the results of grab sampling, indicating the feasibility of CDP-DGT application in actual water. In addition, the distribution of CPs in the red soil of Kunming and paddy soil of Yixing were also studied by CDP-DGT, and the desorption kinetics in the two soils were analyzed with the DIFS model. The higher the soil organic matter content is, the more CPs are distributed in the soil solid phase. CPs in both soils can be partially resupplied to soil solution from the soil solid phase and the higher the partition coefficient for labile CPs is, the stronger the supplement capacity is.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanting Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guizhou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xueyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaowen Ji
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Xun Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xueyuan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xianchuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, PR China.
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Du Y, Xu X, Liu Q, Bai L, Hang K, Wang D. Identification of organic pollutants with potential ecological and health risks in aquatic environments: Progress and challenges. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150691. [PMID: 34600995 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thousands of organic pollutants are intentionally and unintentionally discharged into water bodies, adversely affecting the ecological environment and human health. Screening for organic pollutants that pose a potential risk in aquatic environments is essential for risk management. This review evaluates the processes, methods, and technologies used to screen such pollutants in the aquatic environment and discuss their advantages and disadvantages, in addition to the challenges and knowledge gaps in this field. Combining non-target screening, target screening, and suspect screening is often effective for compiling a list of potential risk compounds and enables the quantitative analysis of these compounds. Sample preparation technologies and pollutant detection technologies considerably affect the results of pollutant screening. The limited amount of chemical and toxicological information contained in databases hinders the screening of organic pollutants with potential risk. Machine learning, high-throughput methods, and other technologies will increase the accuracy and convenience of screening for high-risk pollutants. This review provides an important reference for screening these compounds in aquatic environments and can be used in future pollutant screening and risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Du
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100085 Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China; National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 100021 Beijing, China
| | - Xiong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100085 Beijing, China
| | - Quanzhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100085 Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Lu Bai
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100085 Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Hang
- Experimental High School Attached to Beijing Normal University, 100052 Beijing, China
| | - Donghong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100085 Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China.
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Recent nanomaterials development and application in diffusive gradients in thin-film devices. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-02012-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ji X, Challis JK, Brinkmann M. A critical review of diffusive gradients in thin films technique for measuring organic pollutants: Potential limitations, application to solid phases, and combination with bioassays. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132352. [PMID: 34826958 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) for organics has received considerable attention for studying the chemical dynamics of various organic pollutants in the environment. This review investigates current limitations of DGT for organics and identifies several research gaps for future studies. The application of a protective outer filter membrane has been recommended for most DGT applications, however, important questions regarding longer lag times due to significant interaction or adsorption of specific groups of compounds on the outer membrane remain. A modified DGT configuration has been developed that uses the diffusive gel as the outer membrane without the use of an extra filter membrane, however use of this configuration, while largely successful, remains limited. Biofouling has been a concern when using DGT for metals; however, effect on the performance of DGT for organics needs to be systemically studied. Storage stability of compounds on intact DGT samplers has been assessed in select studies and that data is synthesized here. DGT has been used to describe the kinetic desorption of antibiotics from soils and biosolids based on the soil/biosolid physical-chemical characteristics, yet applications remain limited and requires further research before wide-scale adoption is recommended. Finally, DGT for organics has been rarely, albeit successfully, combined with bioassays as well as in vivo bioaccumulation studies in zebrafish. Studies using DGT combined with bioassays to predict the adverse effects of environmental mixtures on aquatic or terrestrial biota are discussed here and should be considered for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Ji
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | | | - Markus Brinkmann
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Centre for Hydrology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
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Gao X, Lin Y, Li J, Xu Y, Qian Z, Lin W. Accumulation and passive sampling of bisphenol analogues using triolein-embedded cellulose acetate membrane in waters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 798:148985. [PMID: 34329931 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol analogues (BPs) are emerging contaminants that have been widely detected in water environments. The presence of substituted hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups in the molecule may lead to unclear performance in passive sampling. This study tested the accumulation capacity and passive sampling of fifteen BPs in a triolein-embedded cellulose acetate membrane (TECAM) passive sampler. In a dynamic accumulation experiment, twelve hydrophobic BPs accumulated in the TECAM with concentrations ranging from 251 ng g-1 to 6283 ng g-1, and three hydrophilic BPs did not accumulate during the 72 h exposure duration. BPs accumulations were determined by the hydrophilic and hydrophobic substituent groups in molecule structures. The estimated passive sampling parameters showed correlations to both the log Kow values and chemical structures, and compared to other contaminants, such as organophosphorus flame retardants. Environmental factors, including flow rate, temperature, salinity, and pH, that affect the accumulation of BPs in the TECAM were tested, and the flow rate was found to be an important factor affecting the uptake rate. The isotropic exchange kinetics for BPs in the TECAM were verified, and the results indicated that BPs can be calibrated with performance reference compounds (PRCs) in field applications. Finally, a field deployment of TECAM in river waters successfully estimated the time-weighted concentrations of two hydrophobic BPs. To address the inherent weaknesses of TECAM in sampling hydrophilic and moderately hydrophobic BPs, future studies should explore alternative passive samplers, such as hydrophilic-lipophilic balance sorbent-embedded cellulose acetate membranes, to sample BPs in surface waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhong Gao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecological Remediation, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Chemistry College, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China
| | - Yuyang Lin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecological Remediation, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Juying Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecological Remediation, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Yiping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhengfang Qian
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Wenjie Lin
- Chemistry College, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China
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40
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Li H, Qi S, Li X, Qian Z, Chen W, Qin S. Tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile-crosslinked β-cyclodextrin polymer as a binding agent of diffusive gradients in thin-films for sampling endocrine disrupting chemicals in water. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130774. [PMID: 33971412 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) is an inexpensive and reproducible material derived from corn starch. It is possible that tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile-crosslinked β-cyclodextrin polymer (TFN-CD), a cheap but efficient adsorbent, could be a suitable binding agent for use in the passive sampling technique, diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT). Herein, the TFN-CD binding gel was prepared and then evaluated as the binding phase of DGT to sample six endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in water. The TFN-CD dispersed uniformly in the binding gel due to its hydrophilicity. The quantitative recoveries (99.3%-106%) of EDCs from the TFN-CD binding gel could be conveniently achieved by ultrasonic extraction using 5 mL methanol for 10 min. Compared with the excellent HLB (hydrophilic-lipophilic-balanced resin) binding gel, the TFN-CD binding gel had comparable or even faster adsorption kinetics, although the equilibrium adsorption capacity was slightly lower. The effective adsorption capacities of TFN-CD-based DGT (TFN-CD-DGT) were roughly estimated to enable a 7-days deployment in EDC solution of 25.7-30.0 μg L-1. Studies of influencing factors showed that the ionic strength (0-0.5 M), pH (3.73-9.13), dissolved organic matter (0-20 mg L-1) and long-term storage (204 days) had negligible influence on the performance of TFN-CD-DGT. Finally, the TFN-CD-DGT was successfully used to record sudden increases in bulk concentrations during simulated discharge events in pond water. These results demonstrate that TFN-CD is a suitable binding agent for sampling of EDCs, and the low cost of TFN-CD could be conducive to the application of DGT in large-scale sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shihua Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiaoshui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Zhe Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shibin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Liu S, Chen S, Li X, Yue Y, Li J, Williams PN, Wang Z, Li C, Yang Y, Ying GG, Chen CE. Development and application of diffusive gradients in thin-films for in situ sampling of the bitterest chemical - denatonium benzoate in waters. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 418:126393. [PMID: 34329009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Denatonium benzoate (DB), a commonly used bitter agent in numerous products, has recently been recognized as a waterborne contaminant due to concern about its potential persistence, mobility and toxicity (PMT). However, its occurrence, levels and fate in global aquatic environments are largely unknown. In this study, a new sampling method, based on diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) with mixed-mode cation exchange (MCX) as the binding agent, was developed for measuring DB in waters. MCX shows a rapid adsorption and high capacity for DB. DB is linearly accumulated by MCX-DGT. pH (6-8), ionic strength (0.01-0.5 M), or DOM (0-10 M) do not show any significant effect on the MCX-DGT performance, confirming its reliability. The DGT measurements in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) are comparable to those by paralleled grab sampling. The field results suggest DB is persistent in WWTPs and could be a potential domestic wastewater indicator. Therefore, MCX-DGT is a promising technique for understanding the environmental occurrence, levels and fate of DB. This is a first report of using DGT for DB monitoring and of DB occurrence in Chinese environments. Further exploration of DGT as a reliable passive monitoring tool for a wide range of PMT substances in different applications is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Liu
- Environmental Research Institute/School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shibao Chen
- Environmental Research Institute/School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaohao Li
- Environmental Research Institute/School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yubo Yue
- Environmental Research Institute/School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jinling Li
- Environmental Research Institute/School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Paul N Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Biological Sciences, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
| | - Zhanyun Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Cailin Li
- Environmental Research Institute/School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Environmental Research Institute/School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- Environmental Research Institute/School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chang-Er Chen
- Environmental Research Institute/School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Liu X, Zhang R, Cheng H, Khorram MS, Zhao S, Tham TT, Tran TM, Minh TB, Jiang B, Jin B, Zhang G. Field evaluation of diffusive gradients in thin-film passive samplers for wastewater-based epidemiology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:145480. [PMID: 33592478 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for a simple water sampling technique to enable routine monitoring of community drug consumption through wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). This study investigates the potential use of diffusive gradients in thin films to sample organic compounds (o-DGT) for WBE. Three types of resin gels (HLB, XAD 18, and XDA-1) within o-DGT samplers each were deployed in triplicate at the inlets of two sewage treatment plants of Southern Asian cities. The target compounds included 15 illicit drugs and 18 antibiotics. A comprehensive evaluation was undertaken regarding each resin's ability to accumulate the target compounds and accuracy by comparing active samples. The organic compounds accumulated on each resin gel were characterised at the molecular level using Fourier transform ion-cyclotron-resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). The results showed that the HLB resin performed better than the XAD 18 and XDA-1 resins. Based on calculations using the HLB-DGT data, methamphetamine and heroin were the two most popular illicit drugs consumed among the studied populations, and were followed by ketamine and codeine, which agreed well with the authoritative reports and reference data. The total drug consumption in Hanoi was one order of magnitude higher than that in Guangzhou, thus implying a probably more serious drug situation in the former. Overall, the findings of this study demonstrate that o-DGT passive samplers are a promising tool for WBE studies, particularly at WWTPs or in urban streams where an automatic sampler for taking composite water samples is absent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychoactive Substances Monitoring and Safety, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Nanjing Vision Environmental Science & Technology CO., LTD., Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mahdi Safaei Khorram
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shizhen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Trinh Thi Tham
- Faculty of Environment, Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, 41A Phu Dien, North-Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tri Manh Tran
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Tu Binh Minh
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Bin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychoactive Substances Monitoring and Safety, Guangzhou, China.
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43
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Meng Y, Liu W, Liu X, Zhang J, Peng M, Zhang T. A review on analytical methods for pharmaceutical and personal care products and their transformation products. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 101:260-281. [PMID: 33334521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) and corresponding transformation products have caused widespread concern due to their persistent emissions and potential toxicity. They have wide octanol-water partition coefficients (Kow) and different ionization constants (pKa) resulting in a poor analysis accuracy and efficiency. A suitable analytical method is the first prerequisite for further research on their environmental behavior to prioritize the substances. This study reviewed a full-scale analytical protocol for environmental samples in the recent ten years: from sampling to instrumental methods. Passive sampling techniques were compared and recommended for long-term continuous and scientific observation. A quick and effective sample extraction and clean-up method are highly required. Chromatographic methods coupled to mass spectrometry for determining PPCPs with a wide range of logKow (-7.53 to 10.80) were summed up. High-resolution mass spectrometry was confirmed to be a promising strategy for screening unknown transformation products, which would provide a nanogram level of detection limits and more accurate mass resolution. Screening strategies and mass change principles were summarized in detail. The recovery rate was important in multiple contaminants analysis identification and factors affecting the recovery rate of PPCPs were also discussed in this review, including sample matrix, target compounds characteristics, extraction method and solid-phase adsorbent. This review provides useful information for the selection of appropriate analytical methods and future development directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Meng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Weiyi Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jinlan Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Meng Peng
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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Zhang K, Zhang Z, Hu Z, Zeng F, Chen C, Yang X, Li Y. Bacterial community composition and function succession under aerobic and anaerobic conditions impacts the biodegradation of 17β-estradiol and its environmental risk. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115155. [PMID: 32871481 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The widespread detection of 17β-estradiol (E2) in the environment has become an emerging concern worldwide due to its endocrine disrupting effects. This work focuses on the aerobic and anaerobic biodegradations of E2 in various sedimentary environments with different availabilities of electron acceptors, including O2, NO3-, Fe3+, SO42-, or HCO3-. The highest removal efficiency (98.9%) and shortest degradation half-life of E2 (t1/2 = 5.0 d) were achieved under aerobic condition, followed by nitrate-reducing, ferric-reducing, sulfate-reducing and methanogenic conditions. We propose four different degradation pathways of E2 based on the metabolites identified under various redox conditions. Although most of E2 was effectively removed under aerobic condition, the potential environmental risk still needs to be considered due to the residual estrogenic activity induced by estrone (E1) formation. The endocrine-disrupting activities, as indicated by estradiol equivalent (EEQ) values, were related to E2 degradation rate and metabolite formation. We further analyzed the succession of bacterial community compositions and functions using Illumina HiSeq sequencing and Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt). The findings herein evidenced that bacterial community compositions and metabolic functions associated with different redox conditions impact the biodegradation of E2 and its endocrine-disrupting activity. This knowledge will be useful in predicting the environmental fates of estrogenic hormones in various sedimentary environments and aid in establishing appropriate strategies for eliminating potential environmental risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zheng Hu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Feifan Zeng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chengyu Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xingjian Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, China.
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45
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Ren S, Tan F, Wang Y, Zhao H, Zhang Y, Zhai M, Chen J, Wang X. In situ measurement of synthetic musks in wastewaters using diffusive gradients in thin film technique. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 185:116239. [PMID: 32739702 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic musks (SMs) are used extensively in household and personal care products and have acted significant concerns due to their environmental impacts and potential health effects. Here, we present a passive sampling approach based on diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) for in situ measurement of SMs in urban wastewaters. XAD-2 binding gel, which has a rapid binding rate and high elution efficiency, was used in DGT device for the accumulation of six polycyclic musks and three nitro musks. The diffusion coefficients (D and DNL) of the SMs through agarose gel without and with a nylon filter membrane were 3.37-4.49 and 1.48-4.41 ×10-6cm2 s-1. The filter membrane caused an ~3 h lag phase and slowed the diffusion rates of the SMs through the diffusive phase. Solution pH (4.30-8.92), ionic strength (0.0001-0.5 M) and dissolved organic matter (0-20 mg L-1) showed no obvious influence on uptake of the SMs in DGT. The measured average SM concentrations in the effluent of wastewater treatment plants ranged from 0.45-696 ng/L for DGT deployment, without obvious membrane biofouling, and they were comparable to the concentrations determined by grab sampling. These results confirmed that the present method is reliable and convenient for in situ measurement of semivolatile hydrophobic SMs in complicated waters and is an available tool to investigate the environmental behaviors of SMs in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Feng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Mingyan Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- Anshan Normal University, Department of Chemistry & Life Science, Anshan 114005, China.
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Chen CE, Liu YS, Dunn R, Zhao JL, Jones KC, Zhang H, Ying GG, Sweetman AJ. A year-long passive sampling of phenolic endocrine disrupting chemicals in the East River, South China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 143:105936. [PMID: 32659529 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the aquatic environment is a global concern. In this study, we employed two different passive samplers Diffusive Gradients in Thin-films (DGT) and Chemcatcher for in situ measurement of 8 phenolic EDCs in the East River of the Pearl River system over one-year. These data were assessed alongside results from traditional grab sampling. Six chemicals (4tOP, 4NP, BPA, E1, EE2 and DES) were regularly detected in the water samples, of which the three phenols (i.e. 4tOP, 4NP and BPA) were in all samples and at high concentrations (0.4-1040 ng/L for 4tOP, 2.6-58500 ng/L for NP and 11.4-123300 ng/L for BPA). Fewer target chemicals were detected in both passive samplers, with only 4tOP, 4NP and BPA found in most samplers; E1 and DES were occasionally measurable above detection limits. The higher (by about a factor of 2-3) measurements provided by DGT compared to Chemcatcher could be attributed to the effect of the diffusive boundary layer on Chemcatcher uptake or the strong adsorption of target chemicals on the Chemcatcher PES filter. The temporal trends of EDC monthly loadings indicated that they were from different sources and that WWTPs were not effective in EDC removal and/or there was still some untreated wastewater discharged into the rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Er Chen
- Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - You-Sheng Liu
- Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ricky Dunn
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Jian-Liang Zhao
- Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kevin C Jones
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Hao Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Andrew J Sweetman
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom.
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47
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Wang R, Biles E, Li Y, Juergens MD, Bowes MJ, Jones KC, Zhang H. In Situ Catchment Scale Sampling of Emerging Contaminants Using Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films (DGT) and Traditional Grab Sampling: A Case Study of the River Thames, UK. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:11155-11164. [PMID: 32797751 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c01584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The in situ passive sampling technique, diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT), confronts many of the challenges associated with current sampling methods used for emerging contaminants (ECs) in aquatic systems. This study compared DGT and grab sampling for their suitability to screen and monitor ECs at the catchment scale in the River Thames system (U.K.) and explored their sources and environmental fate. The ubiquitous presence of endocrine disrupting chemicals, parabens, and their metabolites is of concern. This study is the first to report organophosphate esters (OPEs) in the study area. TEP (summer 13-160 and winter 18-46, ng/L) and TCPP (summer 242-4282 and winter 215-854, ng/L) were the main OPEs. For chemicals which were relatively stable in the rivers, DGT and grab sampling were in good agreement. For chemicals which showed high variation in water bodies, DGT provided a better integral of loadings and exposure than grab sampling. DGT was not as sensitive as grab sampling under the procedures employed here, but there are several options to improve it to give comparable/better performance. DGT samples require shorter preparation time for analysis in the laboratory than grab samples. Overall, DGT can be a powerful tool to characterize ECs throughout a large dynamic water system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runmei Wang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, U.K
| | - Emma Biles
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, U.K
| | - Yanying Li
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, U.K
| | | | - Michael J Bowes
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxon OX10 8BB, U.K
| | - Kevin C Jones
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, U.K
| | - Hao Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, U.K
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48
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You N, Chen Y, Zhang QX, Zhang Y, Meng Z, Fan HT. In-situ monitoring of phenol in surface waters by diffusive gradients in thin films technique based on the nanocomposites of zero-valent iron@biochar. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 735:139553. [PMID: 32473426 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The nano-sized zero valent iron assisted biochar from hazelnut shell (nZVI@biochar) was prepared and assessed for the feasibility as the binding agent in diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) technique. The 1.5% agarose solution containing the optimal nZVI@biochar dose of 15 g L-1 was used to prepare the nZVI@biochar binding gel which owned a high capacity (1010 ± 50 μg disc-1) and a rapid uptake within 30 min. The elution efficiency of phenol from the loaded binding gel was up to 99.3% using the mixture of 1% hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 0.05 mol L-1 HCl. The phenol uptake of nZVI@biochar-DGT increased linearly with the increase of deployment time (R2 = 0.9938) and was in accord with the theoretical values from DGT equation, while there was no notable interference of the sample matrixes on the phenol uptake of nZVI@biochar-DGT in the spiked freshwaters. The good performance of nZVI@biochar-DGT was found under a range of pH (4.1-10.2), ionic strength (as pNaNO3) (0.155-4), and dissolved organic matter up to 20 mg L-1. In field, the monitoring of nZVI@biochar-DGT was more representative than the results from the grab-sampling with better precision and lower sampling frequency, which can provide reliable information, reduce the cost of human resources, and improve efficiency. These illustrate that the nZVI@biochar is more suitable as the binding agent of DGT for uptake of phenol and nZVI@biochar-DGT is an effective tool to monitor in-situ phenol in waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan You
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering, and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Chen
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering, and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, Liaoning, China
| | - Qing-Xin Zhang
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering, and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering, and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhuo Meng
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering, and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, Liaoning, China
| | - Hong-Tao Fan
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering, and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, Liaoning, China.
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49
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Wang Q, Bai J, Ning B, Fan L, Sun T, Fang Y, Wu J, Li S, Duan C, Zhang Y, Liang J, Gao Z. Effects of bisphenol A and nanoscale and microscale polystyrene plastic exposure on particle uptake and toxicity in human Caco-2 cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 254:126788. [PMID: 32334251 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are abundant in oceans, lakes, soils and even air, and can pose potential threats to human health through food or respiratory intake. Moreover, microplastics have synergistic toxicity to the body after absorbing organic pollutants. In this study, laser scanning confocal microscope and flow cytometry were used to observe the intake of colonic cancer Caco-2 cells to polystyrene plastic with five different particlesizes (300 nm, 500 nm, 1 μm, 3 μm, 6 μm). The uptake rates of microplastics with different particle sizes were 73%, 71%, 49%, 43%, and 30%, respectively. Then, High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyze the adsorption differences of polystyrene plastic with different particle sizes to bisphenol A (BPA). Finally, the proliferation toxicity of polystyrene microplastics with different particle sizeson Caco-2 cells before and after adsorption of BPA was compared. MTT experiments confirmed that microplastics caused an increase in cytotoxicity. This result may be related to increased cellular oxidative stress and mitochondrial depolarization. This hypothesis has been confirmed in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) assays because nanoscale microplastics cause a large amount of ROS on Caco-2 cells after microplastic exposure, and micron-scale microplastics cause a significant decrease in MMP. At the same time, nanoscale microplastics can cause further depolarization of mitochondria due to their large specific surface area adsorption of BPA, which leads to enhanced cytotoxicity of microplastics after BPA adsorption. The results of this study are of great significance in the evaluation of the safety of microplastics in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China; Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Academy of Military Science, Da Li Road 1, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Jialei Bai
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Academy of Military Science, Da Li Road 1, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Baoan Ning
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Academy of Military Science, Da Li Road 1, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Longxing Fan
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Academy of Military Science, Da Li Road 1, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Tieqiang Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Academy of Military Science, Da Li Road 1, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Yanjun Fang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Academy of Military Science, Da Li Road 1, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Jin Wu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Academy of Military Science, Da Li Road 1, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Academy of Military Science, Da Li Road 1, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Chenhui Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China; Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Academy of Military Science, Da Li Road 1, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Yingchun Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Academy of Military Science, Da Li Road 1, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Jun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Zhixian Gao
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, Academy of Military Science, Da Li Road 1, Tianjin, 300050, China.
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50
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MOF-Derived Porous Fe 2O 3 Nanoparticles Coupled with CdS Quantum Dots for Degradation of Bisphenol A under Visible Light Irradiation. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091701. [PMID: 32872400 PMCID: PMC7559011 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, CdS quantum dots (QDs) were planted on magnetically recyclable porous Fe2O3 (denoted as F450) to obtain CdS QDs/porous Fe2O3 hybrids (denoted as X–CdS/F450, in which X is the immersion times of CdS QDs). Porous Fe2O3 was first obtained by pyrolysis from an iron-containing metal–organic framework by a two-step calcination method. Next, CdS QDs (of average size 3.0 nm) were uniformly and closely attached to the porous F450 via a sequential chemical-bath deposition strategy. As expected, the X–CdS/F450 hybrids serve as high-performance photocatalysts for the degradation of bisphenol A, a typical endocrine-disrupting chemical. Almost ∼100% of the bisphenol A was degraded over 5-CdS/F450 after visible light irradiation for 30 min (λ ≥ 420 nm). In comparison, the degradation efficiency of pure F450 powder is 59.2%. The high performance of 5-CdS/F450 may be ascribable to the fast electron transport of porous F450, the intense visible-light absorption of the CdS QDs and the matched energy levels between CdS and F450. More significantly, through the photocatalytic degradation reaction, the X–CdS/F450 hybrids can easily be recovered magnetically and reused in subsequent cycles, indicating their stability and recyclability.
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