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Zhang X, Yang L, Chen T, Wang Q, Yang J, Zhang T, Yang J, Zhao H, Lai S, Feng L, Yang W. Predicting influenza-like illness trends based on sentinel surveillance data in China from 2011 to 2019: A modelling and comparative study 1. Infect Dis Model 2024; 9:816-827. [PMID: 38725432 PMCID: PMC11079460 DOI: 10.1016/j.idm.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease with a significant global disease burden. Additionally, the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and its related non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have introduced uncertainty to the spread of influenza. However, comparative studies on the performance of innovative models and approaches used for influenza prediction are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to predict the trend of influenza-like illness (ILI) in settings with diverse climate characteristics in China based on sentinel surveillance data using three approaches and evaluate and compare their predictive performance. Methods The generalized additive model (GAM), deep learning hybrid model based on Gate Recurrent Unit (GRU), and autoregressive moving average-generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (ARMA-GARCH) model were established to predict the trends of ILI 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-week-ahead in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanxi, Hubei, Chongqing, Guangdong, Hainan, and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in China, based on sentinel surveillance data from 2011 to 2019. Three relevant metrics, namely, Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and R squared, were calculated to evaluate and compare the goodness of fit and robustness of the three models. Results Considering the MAPE, RMSE, and R squared values, the ARMA-GARCH model performed best, while the GRU-based deep learning hybrid model exhibited moderate performance and GAM made predictions with the least accuracy in the eight settings in China. Additionally, the models' predictive performance declined as the weeks ahead increased. Furthermore, blocked cross-validation indicated that all models were robust to changes in data and had low risks of overfitting. Conclusions Our study suggested that the ARMA-GARCH model exhibited the best accuracy in predicting ILI trends in China compared to the GAM and GRU-based deep learning hybrid model. Therefore, in the future, the ARMA-GARCH model may be used to predict ILI trends in public health practice across diverse climatic zones, thereby contributing to influenza control and prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Zhang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100073, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Liuyang Yang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100073, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, China
- Department of Management Science and Information System, Faculty of Management and Economics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650506, China
| | - Teng Chen
- Department of Applied Mathematics & Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3600, USA
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100073, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jin Yang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100073, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100073, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100073, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Hongqing Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Shengjie Lai
- WorldPop, School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Luzhao Feng
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100073, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Weizhong Yang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100073, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, China
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Ding W, Li R, Song T, Yang Z, Xu D, Huang C, Shen S, Zhong N, Lai K, Deng Z. AMG487 alleviates influenza A (H1N1) virus-induced pulmonary inflammation through decreasing IFN-γ-producing lymphocytes and IFN-γ concentrations. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:2053-2069. [PMID: 38500396 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Severe influenza virus-infected patients have high systemic levels of Th1 cytokines (including IFN-γ). Intrapulmonary IFN-γ increases pulmonary IFN-γ-producing T lymphocytes through the CXCR3 pathway. Virus-infected mice lacking IP-10/CXCR3 demonstrate lower pulmonary neutrophilic inflammation. AMG487, an IP-10/CXCR3 antagonist, ameliorates virus-induced lung injury in vivo through decreasing viral loads. This study examined whether AMG487 could treat H1N1 virus-induced mouse illness through reducing viral loads or decreasing the number of lymphocytes or neutrophils. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Here, we studied the above-mentioned effects and underlying mechanisms in vivo. KEY RESULTS H1N1 virus infection caused bad overall condition and pulmonary inflammation characterized by the infiltration of lymphocytes and neutrophils. From Day-5 to Day-10 post-virus infection, bad overall condition, pulmonary lymphocytes, and IFN-γ concentrations increased, while pulmonary H1N1 viral titres and neutrophils decreased. Both anti-IFN-γ and AMG487 alleviated virus infection-induced bad overall condition and pulmonary lymphocytic inflammation. Pulmonary neutrophilic inflammation was mitigated by AMG487 on Day-5 post-infection, but was not mitigated by AMG487 on Day-10 post-infection. H1N1 virus induced increases of IFN-γ, IP-10, and IFN-γ-producing lymphocytes and activation of the Jak2-Stat1 pathways in mouse lungs, which were inhibited by AMG487. Anti-IFN-γ decreased IFN-γ and IFN-γ-producing lymphocytes on Day-5 post-infection. AMG487 but not anti-IFN-γ decreased viral titres in mouse lung homogenates or BALF. Higher virus load did not increase pulmonary inflammation and IFN-γ concentrations when mice were treated with AMG487. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS AMG487 may ameliorate H1N1 virus-induced pulmonary inflammation through decreasing IFN-γ-producing lymphocytes rather than reducing viral loads or neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tongtong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuqin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuirong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kefang Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Dandachi I, Alrezaihi A, Amin D, AlRagi N, Alhatlani B, Binjomah A, Aleisa K, Dong X, Hiscox JA, Aljabr W. Molecular surveillance of influenza A virus in Saudi Arabia: whole-genome sequencing and metagenomic approaches. Microbiol Spectr 2024:e0066524. [PMID: 38904365 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00665-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of influenza A viruses are generally seasonal and cause annual epidemics worldwide. Due to their frequent reassortment and evolution, annual surveillance is of paramount importance to guide vaccine strategies. The aim of this study was to explore the molecular epidemiology of influenza A virus and nasopharyngeal microbiota composition in infected patients in Saudi Arabia. A total of 103 nasopharyngeal samples from 2015 and 12 samples from 2022 were collected from patients positive for influenza A. Sequencing of influenza A as well as metatranscriptomic analysis of the nasopharyngeal microbiota was conducted using Oxford Nanopore sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis of hemagglutinin, neuraminidase segments, and concatenated influenza A genomes was performed using MEGA7. Whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed changing clades of influenza A virus: from 6B.1 in 2015 to 5a.2a in 2022. One sample containing the antiviral resistance-mediating mutation S247N toward oseltamivir and zanamivir was found. Phylogenetic analysis showed the clustering of influenza A strains with the corresponding vaccine strains in each period, thus suggesting vaccine effectiveness. Principal component analysis and alpha diversity revealed the absence of a relationship between hospital admission status, age, or gender of infected patients and the nasopharyngeal microbial composition, except for the infecting clade 5a.2a. The opportunistic pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis were the most common species detected. The molecular epidemiology appears to be changing in Saudi Arabia after the COVID-19 pandemic. Antiviral resistance should be carefully monitored in future studies. In addition, the disease severity of patients as well as the composition of the nasopharyngeal microbiota in patients infected with different clades should also be assessed.IMPORTANCEIn this work, we have found that the clade of influenza A virus circulating in Riyadh, KSA, has changed over the last few years from 6B.1 to 5a.2a. Influenza strains clustered with the corresponding vaccine strains in our population, thus emphasizing vaccine effectiveness. Metatranscriptomic analysis showed no correlation between the nasopharyngeal microbiome and the clinical and/or demographic characteristics of infected patients. This is except for the 5a.2a strains isolated post-COVID-19 pandemic. The influenza virus is among the continuously evolving viruses that can cause severe respiratory infections. Continuous surveillance of its molecular diversity and the monitoring of anti-viral-resistant strains are thus of vital importance. Furthermore, exploring potential microbial markers and/or dysbiosis of the nasopharyngeal microbiota during infection could assist in the better management of patients in severe cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Dandachi
- Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alrezaihi
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Dashty Amin
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Qaiwan International University, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Nurah AlRagi
- Pathology and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Alhatlani
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, Unayzah Community College, Qassim University, Unayzah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Kholoud Aleisa
- Riyadh Regional Laboratory, Riyadh Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaofeng Dong
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Julian A Hiscox
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Waleed Aljabr
- Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Ma X, Wang X, Chen F, Zou W, Ren J, Xin L, He P, Liang J, Xu Z, Dong C, Lan K, Wu S, Zhou HB. Novel Acyl Thiourea-Based Hydrophobic Tagging Degraders Exert Potent Anti-Influenza Activity through Two Distinct Endonuclease Polymerase Acidic-Targeted Degradation Pathways. J Med Chem 2024; 67:8791-8816. [PMID: 38775356 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The spread of the influenza virus has caused devastating pandemics and huge economic losses worldwide. Antiviral drugs with diverse action modes are urgently required to overcome the challenges of viral mutation and drug resistance, and targeted protein degradation strategies constitute excellent candidates for this purpose. Herein, the first degradation of the influenza virus polymerase acidic (PA) protein using small-molecule degraders developed by hydrophobic tagging (HyT) technology to effectively combat the influenza virus was reported. The SAR results revealed that compound 19b with Boc2-(L)-Lys demonstrated excellent inhibitory activity against A/WSN/33/H1N1 (EC50 = 0.015 μM) and amantadine-resistant strain (A/PR/8/H1N1), low cytotoxicity, high selectivity, substantial degradation ability, and good drug-like properties. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the proteasome system and autophagic lysosome pathway were the potential drivers of these HyT degraders. Thus, this study provides a powerful tool for investigating the targeted degradation of influenza virus proteins and for antiviral drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ma
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xueyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Feifei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wenting Zou
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Junrui Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lilan Xin
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Pei He
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jinsen Liang
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhichao Xu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chune Dong
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Ke Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shuwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hai-Bing Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE) and Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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Thottasseri AA, Kaur G, Ramesh D, Banerjee I, Kannan T. Morpholinodiazenyl chalcone blocks influenza A virus capsid uncoating by perturbing the clathrin-mediated vesicular trafficking pathway. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300670. [PMID: 38487979 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a highly contagious respiratory pathogen that significantly threatens global health by causing seasonal epidemics and occasional, unpredictable pandemics. To identify new compounds with therapeutic potential against IAV, we designed and synthesized a series of 4'-morpholinodiazenyl chalcones using the molecular hybridization method, performed a high-content screen against IAV, and found that (E)-1-{4-[(E)-morpholinodiazenyl]phenyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (MC-22) completely neutralized IAV infection. While MC-22 allowed IAV to successfully internalize into the cell and fuse at the acidic late endosomes, it prevented viral capsid uncoating and genome release. Since IAV majorly utilizes clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) for cellular entry, we examined whether MC-22 had any effect on CME, using nonviral cargoes that enter cells via clathrin-dependent or -independent pathways. Although MC-22 showed no effect on the uptake of choleratoxin B, a cargo that enters cells majorly via the clathrin-independent pathway, it significantly attenuated the clathrin-dependent internalization of both epidermal growth factor and transferrin. Cell biological analyses revealed a marked increase in the size of early endosomes upon MC-22 treatment, indicating an endosomal trafficking/maturation defect. This study reports the identification of MC-22 as a novel CME-targeting, highly potent IAV entry inhibitor, which is expected to neutralize a broad spectrum of viruses that enter the host cells via CME.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gaganpreet Kaur
- Cellular Virology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali (IISER Mohali), Mohali, India
| | - Deepthi Ramesh
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Indranil Banerjee
- Cellular Virology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali (IISER Mohali), Mohali, India
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Hernández-Hernández JG, Quintanilla-Flores DL, González-Galván CR, Nuzzolo-Shihadeh L, Camacho-Ortiz A, Salinas-Martínez R, Morales-Delgado R. Impact of influenza vaccination history in the clinical course of older adults hospitalized with COVID-19. Med Clin (Barc) 2024; 162:477-482. [PMID: 38342706 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2023.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Some studies have shown that influenza vaccination is associated with a lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection; in patients with COVID-19 infection, admission to intensive care is reduced, with less need for mechanical ventilation, shorter hospital stays, and reduced mortality. This study aimed to determine if a history of annual influenza vaccination impacts the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection during hospitalization. METHODS This was an observational, prospective, cohort study of patients older than 65 admitted to the COVID-19 unit from January to June 2021. The history of influenza vaccination over the last 5 years was assessed in each patient during hospitalization. We measured the length of hospital stay, the need for admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), the patient's oxygen requirements, complications during hospitalization, and outcome (medical discharge or death). Patients with a history of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 were not included. RESULTS We analyzed 125 patients, 50.4% (n=63) with history of influenza vaccination and 49.6% (n=62) without a history of influenza vaccination. In-hospital mortality was 44.8%, higher in the unvaccinated (54.8%) population (p=0.008). ICU admission was 27% higher in vaccinated (35%) patients (p=0.05). Patients without a history of influenza vaccination had a higher prevalence of cardiac (8% vs. 5%, p=0.04) and renal complications (29% vs. 13%, p=0.02). Patients with a history of vaccination had a greater need for invasive mechanical ventilation (25.4%, p=0.02). CONCLUSION In this study, a history of influenza vaccination in older adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection was related to lower in-hospital mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- José G Hernández-Hernández
- Servicio de Geriatría Clínica, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Dania L Quintanilla-Flores
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Hospital de Especialidades UMAE 25 del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Célica R González-Galván
- Servicio de Geriatría Clínica, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Laura Nuzzolo-Shihadeh
- Servicio de Infectología, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Adrián Camacho-Ortiz
- Servicio de Infectología, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Salinas-Martínez
- Servicio de Geriatría Clínica, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Rocío Morales-Delgado
- Servicio de Geriatría Clínica, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
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Catani JPP, Smet A, Ysenbaert T, Vuylsteke M, Bottu G, Mathys J, Botzki A, Cortes-Garcia G, Strugnell T, Gomila R, Hamberger J, Catalan J, Ustyugova IV, Farrell T, Stegalkina S, Ray S, LaRue L, Saelens X, Vogel TU. The antigenic landscape of human influenza N2 neuraminidases from 2009 until 2017. eLife 2024; 12:RP90782. [PMID: 38805550 PMCID: PMC11132685 DOI: 10.7554/elife.90782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Human H3N2 influenza viruses are subject to rapid antigenic evolution which translates into frequent updates of the composition of seasonal influenza vaccines. Despite these updates, the effectiveness of influenza vaccines against H3N2-associated disease is suboptimal. Seasonal influenza vaccines primarily induce hemagglutinin-specific antibody responses. However, antibodies directed against influenza neuraminidase (NA) also contribute to protection. Here, we analysed the antigenic diversity of a panel of N2 NAs derived from human H3N2 viruses that circulated between 2009 and 2017. The antigenic breadth of these NAs was determined based on the NA inhibition (NAI) of a broad panel of ferret and mouse immune sera that were raised by infection and recombinant N2 NA immunisation. This assessment allowed us to distinguish at least four antigenic groups in the N2 NAs derived from human H3N2 viruses that circulated between 2009 and 2017. Computational analysis further revealed that the amino acid residues in N2 NA that have a major impact on susceptibility to NAI by immune sera are in proximity of the catalytic site. Finally, a machine learning method was developed that allowed to accurately predict the impact of mutations that are present in our N2 NA panel on NAI. These findings have important implications for the renewed interest to develop improved influenza vaccines based on the inclusion of a protective NA antigen formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo Portela Catani
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical BiotechnologyGhentBelgium
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Anouk Smet
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical BiotechnologyGhentBelgium
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Tine Ysenbaert
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical BiotechnologyGhentBelgium
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tod Strugnell
- Sanofi, Research North AmericaCambridgeUnited States
| | - Raul Gomila
- Sanofi, Research North AmericaCambridgeUnited States
| | | | - John Catalan
- Sanofi, Research North AmericaCambridgeUnited States
| | | | | | | | - Satyajit Ray
- Sanofi, Research North AmericaCambridgeUnited States
| | - Lauren LaRue
- Sanofi, Research North AmericaCambridgeUnited States
| | - Xavier Saelens
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical BiotechnologyGhentBelgium
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
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8
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Yang T, Tang L, Li P, Li B, Ye L, Zhou J. Effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine against laboratory-confirmed influenza among Chinese elderly: a test-negative design. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:404. [PMID: 38714944 PMCID: PMC11077745 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in the elderly is limited, and results are controversial. There are also few reports from China. METHODS We conducted a test-negative case-control study design to estimate influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) against laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated visits among elderly (aged ≥ 60 years) across four influenza seasons in Ningbo, China, from 2018 to 19 to 2021-22. Influenza-positive cases and negative controls were randomly matched in a 1:1 ratio according to age, sex, hospital, and date of influenza testing. We used logistic regression models to compare vaccination odds ratios (ORs) in cases to controls. We calculated the VE as [100% × (1-adjusted OR)] and calculated the 95% confidence interval (CI) around the estimate. RESULTS A total of 30,630 elderly patients tested for influenza with virus nucleic acid or antigen during the study period. After exclusions, we included 1 825 influenza-positive cases and 1 825 influenza-negative controls. Overall, the adjusted VE for influenza-related visits was 63.5% (95% CI, 56.3-69.5%), but varied by season. Influenza VE was 59.8% (95% CI, 51.5-66.7%) for influenza A and 89.6% (95% CI, 77.1-95.3%) for influenza B. The VE for ages 60-69 and 70-79 was 65.2% (95% CI, 55.4-72.9%) and 69.8% (95% CI, 58.7-77.9%), respectively, but only 45.4% (95% CI, 6.2-68.2%) for ages 80 and over. CONCLUSIONS Standard-dose inactivated influenza vaccine has shown good protection in the elderly in China. However, protection may not be satisfactory in people aged 80 years and older.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchi Yang
- Institute of Immunization and Prevention, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Ningbo Health Information Center, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pingping Li
- Jiangbei District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Baojun Li
- Haishu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lixia Ye
- Institute of Immunization and Prevention, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jifang Zhou
- School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu, China.
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9
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Sarker J, Carkovic E, Ptaszek K, Lee TA. Antiviral influenza treatments and hemorrhage-related adverse events in the United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. Pharmacotherapy 2024; 44:383-393. [PMID: 38656741 DOI: 10.1002/phar.2920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To determine whether there is a signal for gastrointestinal (GI) or intracranial (IC) hemorrhage associated with the use of antiviral medications for influenza in the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. DESIGN Disproportionality analysis. DATA SOURCE The FAERS database was searched using OpenVigil 2.1 to identify GI and IC hemorrhage events reported between 2004 and 2022. MEASUREMENTS Antiviral medications for influenza included the following: oseltamivir, zanamivir, peramivir, and baloxavir marboxil. Hemorrhage events were identified using Standardized Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) Queries for GI and IC hemorrhages. Reporting odds ratios (RORs) were calculated to compare the occurrence of GI and IC hemorrhage events between antiviral drugs for influenza and (i) all other medications and (ii) antibiotics. RORs were also calculated for each of the individual antiviral medications. MAIN RESULTS A total of 245 cases of GI hemorrhage and 23 cases of IC hemorrhage were identified in association with four antivirals. In comparison with all other drugs, the RORs of GI hemorrhage for oseltamivir, zanamivir, peramivir, baloxavir, and all antivirals combined were 1.17, 0.62, 4.44, 2.53, and 1.22, respectively, indicating potential variations in GI hemorrhage risk among the antivirals. In contrast, in comparison with all other drugs, the RORs of IC hemorrhage for oseltamivir (0.44), zanamivir (0.16), baloxavir (0.44), and all antivirals combined (0.41) were less than 1.0 which is consistent with no elevated risk of IC hemorrhage. CONCLUSION In this study, some signals for GI hemorrhage were observed, particularly for peramivir and baloxavir marboxil. Further investigation is warranted to better understand and evaluate the potential risks of GI hemorrhage associated with antiviral treatments for influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotirmoy Sarker
- Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Emir Carkovic
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Karolina Ptaszek
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Todd A Lee
- Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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10
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Kurz H, Sever-Yildiz G, Kocsisek CV, Resch E, Großschädl C, Totschnig L, Resch B. Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Two-center Experience. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2024; 43:410-414. [PMID: 38266234 PMCID: PMC11003405 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000004260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to determine the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza disease during the COVID-19 pandemic at 2 Austrian urban pediatric centers between October 1, 2019 and April 30, 2022. METHODS We performed a retrospective observational 2-center study on RSV- and influenza virus-associated hospitalizations in infants and children up to 18 years at the University Hospital of Graz and the Clinic Donaustadt of Vienna from October 1, 2019 to April 30, 2022. Hospitalization had to be associated with the infectious disease, proven by polymerase chain reaction, including presence of respiratory symptoms. Demographic data including underlying diseases and treatment strategies were compared between centers and diseases, respectively. RESULTS There were 826 cases in Graz and 379 in Vienna with significant more RSV cases in Graz and more influenza cases in Vienna (RSV: 76% vs. 59%, influenza: 24% vs. 41%; both P < 0.001). One death occurred in Graz due to RSV and another due to influenza in Vienna. Seasonality only slightly differed between centers and severity of diseases was not aggravated when measured by pediatric intensive care unit admission rates, need for supplemental oxygen and respiratory support between first and last seasons. Treatment regimen differed regarding higher use of antibiotics and rates of intravenous fluids in Vienna compared to higher rates of bronchodilators, corticosteroids and nose drops in Graz. CONCLUSIONS We observed higher numbers of hospitalizations due to both viruses after the lockdown but not increased severity of the diseases; and mortality remained extremely low. Preventive measures should be implemented with high priority especially focused on infants with underlying diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Kurz
- From the Department of Pediatrics and Adolescents, Clinic Donaustadt, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gulsen Sever-Yildiz
- Research Unit for Neonatal Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Medical University of Graz
| | - Corinna V. Kocsisek
- From the Department of Pediatrics and Adolescents, Clinic Donaustadt, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Resch
- Research Unit for Neonatal Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Medical University of Graz
| | - Clara Großschädl
- Research Unit for Neonatal Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Medical University of Graz
| | - Leonie Totschnig
- Research Unit for Neonatal Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Medical University of Graz
| | - Bernhard Resch
- Research Unit for Neonatal Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Medical University of Graz
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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11
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Hosszu-Fellous K, Vetter P, Agoritsas T, Kaiser L. Which trial do we need? Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of antiviral treatment in patients hospitalized for influenza. Clin Microbiol Infect 2024; 30:567-569. [PMID: 38316358 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2024.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Hosszu-Fellous
- Geneva Center for Emerging Viral Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Pauline Vetter
- Geneva Center for Emerging Viral Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Agoritsas
- Division of Internal Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Canada
| | - Laurent Kaiser
- Geneva Center for Emerging Viral Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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12
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Galli C, Mazzola G, Arosio M, Pellegrinelli L, Boldrini A, Guarneri D, Lombarda E, Farina C, Cereda D, Pariani E. Real-time investigation of an influenza A(H3N2) virus outbreak in a refugee community, November 2022. Public Health 2024; 230:157-162. [PMID: 38554473 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To report epidemiological and virological results of an outbreak investigation of influenza-like illness (ILI) among refugees in Northern Italy. STUDY DESIGN Outbreak investigation of ILI cases observed among nearly 100 refugees in Northern Italy unvaccinated for influenza. METHODS An epidemiological investigation matched with a differential diagnosis was carried out for each sample collected from ILI cases to identify 10 viral pathogens (SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus type A and B, respiratory syncytial virus, metapneumovirus, parainfluenza viruses, rhinovirus, enterovirus, parechovirus, and adenovirus) by using specific real-time PCR assays according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) protocols. In cases where the influenza virus type was identified, complete hemagglutinin (HA) gene sequencing and the related phylogenetic analysis were conducted. RESULTS The outbreak was caused by influenza A(H3N2): the attack rate was 83.3% in children aged 9-14 years, 84.6% in those aged 15-24 years, and 28.6% in adults ≥25 years. Phylogenetic analyses uncovered that A(H3N2) strains were closely related since they segregated in the same cluster, showing both a high mean nucleotide identity (100%), all belonging to the genetic sub-group 3C.2a1b.2a.2, as those mainly circulating into the general population in the same period. CONCLUSIONS The fact that influenza outbreak strains as well as the community strains were genetically related to the seasonal vaccine strain suggests that if an influenza prevention by vaccination strategy had been implemented, a lower attack rate of A(H3N2) and ILI cases might have been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Galli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Italy
| | - G Mazzola
- Department of Hygiene and Health Prevention (HPA of Bergamo/ATS of Bergamo), Italy
| | - M Arosio
- Microbiology and Virology Laboratory, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy; Biobank, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - L Pellegrinelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Italy
| | - A Boldrini
- Department of Hygiene and Health Prevention (HPA of Bergamo/ATS of Bergamo), Italy
| | - D Guarneri
- Microbiology and Virology Laboratory, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - E Lombarda
- Department of Hygiene and Health Prevention (HPA of Bergamo/ATS of Bergamo), Italy
| | - C Farina
- Microbiology and Virology Laboratory, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - D Cereda
- Directorate General for Health, Lombardy Region, Milan, Italy
| | - E Pariani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Italy.
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13
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Xu MM, Kang JY, Wang QY, Zuo X, Tan YY, Wei YY, Zhang DW, Zhang L, Wu HM, Fei GH. Melatonin improves influenza virus infection-induced acute exacerbation of COPD by suppressing macrophage M1 polarization and apoptosis. Respir Res 2024; 25:186. [PMID: 38678295 PMCID: PMC11056066 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02815-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza A viruses (IAV) are extremely common respiratory viruses for the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), in which IAV infection may further evoke abnormal macrophage polarization, amplify cytokine storms. Melatonin exerts potential effects of anti-inflammation and anti-IAV infection, while its effects on IAV infection-induced AECOPD are poorly understood. METHODS COPD mice models were established through cigarette smoke exposure for consecutive 24 weeks, evaluated by the detection of lung function. AECOPD mice models were established through the intratracheal atomization of influenza A/H3N2 stocks in COPD mice, and were injected intraperitoneally with melatonin (Mel). Then, The polarization of alveolar macrophages (AMs) was assayed by flow cytometry of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells. In vitro, the effects of melatonin on macrophage polarization were analyzed in IAV-infected Cigarette smoking extract (CSE)-stimulated Raw264.7 macrophages. Moreover, the roles of the melatonin receptors (MTs) in regulating macrophage polarization and apoptosis were determined using MTs antagonist luzindole. RESULTS The present results demonstrated that IAV/H3N2 infection deteriorated lung function (reduced FEV20,50/FVC), exacerbated lung damages in COPD mice with higher dual polarization of AMs. Melatonin therapy improved airflow limitation and lung damages of AECOPD mice by decreasing IAV nucleoprotein (IAV-NP) protein levels and the M1 polarization of pulmonary macrophages. Furthermore, in CSE-stimulated Raw264.7 cells, IAV infection further promoted the dual polarization of macrophages accompanied with decreased MT1 expression. Melatonin decreased STAT1 phosphorylation, the levels of M1 markers and IAV-NP via MTs reflected by the addition of luzindole. Recombinant IL-1β attenuated the inhibitory effects of melatonin on IAV infection and STAT1-driven M1 polarization, while its converting enzyme inhibitor VX765 potentiated the inhibitory effects of melatonin on them. Moreover, melatonin inhibited IAV infection-induced apoptosis by suppressing IL-1β/STAT1 signaling via MTs. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that melatonin inhibited IAV infection, improved lung function and lung damages of AECOPD via suppressing IL-1β/STAT1-driven macrophage M1 polarization and apoptosis in a MTs-dependent manner. Melatonin may be considered as a potential therapeutic agent for influenza virus infection-induced AECOPD.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Melatonin/pharmacology
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/metabolism
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/virology
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology
- Mice
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- RAW 264.7 Cells
- Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/drug effects
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/drug therapy
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/metabolism
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/immunology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Male
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Disease Progression
- Cell Polarity/drug effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Macrophages, Alveolar/drug effects
- Macrophages, Alveolar/metabolism
- Macrophages, Alveolar/virology
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Jia-Ying Kang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Qiu-Yan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Xing Zuo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Hui-Mei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China.
- Anhui Geriatric Institute, Department of Geriatric Respiratory Critical and Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China.
| | - Guang-He Fei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China.
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China.
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14
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Cilloniz C, Dy-Agra G, Pagcatipunan RS, Torres A. Viral Pneumonia: From Influenza to COVID-19. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 45:207-224. [PMID: 38228165 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory viruses are increasingly recognized as a cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The implementation of new diagnostic technologies has facilitated their identification, especially in vulnerable population such as immunocompromised and elderly patients and those with severe cases of pneumonia. In terms of severity and outcomes, viral pneumonia caused by influenza viruses appears similar to that caused by non-influenza viruses. Although several respiratory viruses may cause CAP, antiviral therapy is available only in cases of CAP caused by influenza virus or respiratory syncytial virus. Currently, evidence-based supportive care is key to managing severe viral pneumonia. We discuss the evidence surrounding epidemiology, diagnosis, management, treatment, and prevention of viral pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catia Cilloniz
- Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERESA, Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Continental University, Huancayo, Peru
| | - Guinevere Dy-Agra
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, St Luke's Medical Center-Global City, Taguig, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Rodolfo S Pagcatipunan
- Institute of Pulmonary Medicine, St Luke's Medical Center-Global City, Taguig, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Antoni Torres
- Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERESA, Barcelona, Spain
- School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Verzele NAJ, Chua BY, Short KR, Moe AAK, Edwards IN, Bielefeldt-Ohmann H, Hulme KD, Noye EC, Tong MZW, Reading PC, Trewella MW, Mazzone SB, McGovern AE. Evidence for vagal sensory neural involvement in influenza pathogenesis and disease. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1011635. [PMID: 38626267 PMCID: PMC11051609 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a common respiratory pathogen and a global cause of significant and often severe morbidity. Although inflammatory immune responses to IAV infections are well described, little is known about how neuroimmune processes contribute to IAV pathogenesis. In the present study, we employed surgical, genetic, and pharmacological approaches to manipulate pulmonary vagal sensory neuron innervation and activity in the lungs to explore potential crosstalk between pulmonary sensory neurons and immune processes. Intranasal inoculation of mice with H1N1 strains of IAV resulted in stereotypical antiviral lung inflammation and tissue pathology, changes in breathing, loss of body weight and other clinical signs of severe IAV disease. Unilateral cervical vagotomy and genetic ablation of pulmonary vagal sensory neurons had a moderate effect on the pulmonary inflammation induced by IAV infection, but significantly worsened clinical disease presentation. Inhibition of pulmonary vagal sensory neuron activity via inhalation of the charged sodium channel blocker, QX-314, resulted in a moderate decrease in lung pathology, but again this was accompanied by a paradoxical worsening of clinical signs. Notably, vagal sensory ganglia neuroinflammation was induced by IAV infection and this was significantly potentiated by QX-314 administration. This vagal ganglia hyperinflammation was characterized by alterations in IAV-induced host defense gene expression, increased neuropeptide gene and protein expression, and an increase in the number of inflammatory cells present within the ganglia. These data suggest that pulmonary vagal sensory neurons play a role in the regulation of the inflammatory process during IAV infection and suggest that vagal neuroinflammation may be an important contributor to IAV pathogenesis and clinical presentation. Targeting these pathways could offer therapeutic opportunities to treat IAV-induced morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie A. J. Verzele
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Queensland, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brendon Y. Chua
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kirsty R. Short
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Queensland, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Aung Aung Kywe Moe
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Isaac N. Edwards
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Queensland, Australia
| | - Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Queensland, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katina D. Hulme
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Queensland, Australia
| | - Ellesandra C. Noye
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Queensland, Australia
| | - Marcus Z. W. Tong
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Queensland, Australia
| | - Patrick C. Reading
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Victorian Infectious Disease Reference Laboratory, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection, and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth St., Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew W. Trewella
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stuart B. Mazzone
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alice E. McGovern
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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16
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Modler J, Morris SK, Bettinger JA, Bancej C, Burton C, Foo C, Halperin SA, Jadavji T, Kazmi K, Sadarangani M, Schober T, Papenburg J. Bloodstream Infections in Children Hospitalized for Influenza, the Canadian Immunization Monitoring Program Active. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2024; 43:301-306. [PMID: 38048641 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000004199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to estimate the proportion of children hospitalized for influenza whose illness was complicated by bloodstream infection, describe their clinical course, and identify the factors associated with bloodstream infection. METHODS We performed active surveillance for laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalizations among children ≤16 years old at the 12 Canadian Immunization Monitoring Program Active hospitals, from the 2010-2011 to 2020-2021 influenza seasons. Factors associated with bloodstream infection were identified using multivariable logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Among 9179 laboratory-confirmed influenza hospital admissions, bloodstream infection occurred in 87 children (0.9%). Streptococcus pyogenes (22%), Staphylococcus aureus (18%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (17%) were the most common bloodstream infection pathogens identified. Children with cancer [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.78; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23-5.63], a laboratory-confirmed nonbloodstream bacterial infection (aOR: 14.1; 95% CI: 8.04-24.3) or radiographically-confirmed pneumonia (aOR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.17-2.97) were more likely to experience a bloodstream infection, whereas children with chronic lung disorders were less likely (aOR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.19-0.80). Disease severity markers such as intensive care unit admission (aOR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.27-3.46), mechanical ventilation (aOR: 2.84; 95% CI: 1.63-4.80) and longer hospital length of stay (aOR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01-1.03) were associated with bloodstream infection. Bloodstream infection also increased the odds of death (aOR: 13.0; 95% CI: 4.84-29.1) after adjustment for age, influenza virus type and the presence of any at-risk chronic condition. CONCLUSIONS Bloodstream infections, although infrequent, are associated with intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation, increased hospital length of stay and in-hospital mortality, thus requiring increased levels of care among pediatric influenza hospitalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Modler
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shaun K Morris
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julie A Bettinger
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christina Bancej
- Center for Immunization and Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine Burton
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatrics, Stollery Children's Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cheryl Foo
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Janeway Children's Health and Rehabilitation Centre, Eastern Health Regional Authority, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Scott A Halperin
- Canadian Center for Vaccinology, IWK Health Center, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Taj Jadavji
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kescha Kazmi
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manish Sadarangani
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tilmann Schober
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jesse Papenburg
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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17
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Mahesh DN, Sreelatha B, Vinoth S, Nancy S. Clinical profile of children with influenza like illness during pre-monsoon at coastal Karaikal, Puducherry, India. Bioinformation 2024; 20:252-257. [PMID: 38712005 PMCID: PMC11069598 DOI: 10.6026/973206300200252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza infections in developing countries are under reported and WHO estimates that nearly 99% of influenza deaths worldwide occur in children under-five years of age in Asian and African countries. Consequently, this study aims to analyze the use of clinical profile and easily available laboratory parameters to aid identification of the possible viral etiology in the setting of pre-monsoon ILI. A cross-sectional study was carried out for three months among children with ILI attending fever clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Karaikal, South India. In the study population the prevalence of ILI was highest in the age group four to five years followed by school aged children. Adolescents were affected the least. Influenza B was most common virus causing ILI in this region, followed by covid-19 infection. Laboratory parameters depicted a significantly high ESR in COVID-19 infected ILI children. They also exhibited leucopenia and normal platelet counts. Clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters which are easily available and cheaper can be used in resource poor settings of healthcare to identify possible influenza and COVID-19 infected children amongst cases presenting with ILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dande Naga Mahesh
- Department of Paediatrics, Vinayaka Mission's Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation - Deemed to be University (VMRF-DU), Karaikal, Puducherry, India
| | - B Sreelatha
- Department of Paediatrics, Vinayaka Mission's Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation - Deemed to be University (VMRF-DU), Karaikal, Puducherry, India
| | - S Vinoth
- Department of Paediatrics, Vinayaka Mission's Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation - Deemed to be University (VMRF-DU), Karaikal, Puducherry, India
| | - S Nancy
- Department of Community Medicine, Vinayaka Mission's Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation - Deemed to be University (VMRF-DU), Karaikal, Puducherry, India
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Calabrò GE, Rumi F, Ricciardi R, Cicchetti A. The economic and fiscal impact of incremental use of cell-based quadrivalent influenza vaccine for the prevention of seasonal influenza among healthcare workers in Italy. Health Res Policy Syst 2024; 22:36. [PMID: 38519969 PMCID: PMC10960473 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-024-01122-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seasonal influenza has a significant impact on public health, generating substantial direct healthcare costs, production losses and fiscal effects. Understanding these consequences is crucial to effective decision-making and the development of preventive strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the economic and the fiscal impact of implementing an incremental strategy for seasonal influenza prevention using the cell-based quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIVc) among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Italy. METHODS To estimate the economic impact of implementing this strategy, we performed a cost analysis that considered direct healthcare costs, productivity losses and fiscal impact. The analysis considered a 3-year time horizon. A deterministic sensitivity analysis was also conducted. RESULTS Assuming a vaccination coverage rate of 30% among HCWs, the analysis considered a total of 203 018 vaccinated subjects. On analysing the overall differential impact (including direct costs, indirect costs and fiscal impact), implementing QIVc vaccination as a preventative measure against influenza among HCWs in Italy would yield societal resource savings of €23 638.78 in the first year, €47 277.56 in the second year, and €70 916.35 in the third year, resulting in total resource savings of €141 832.69. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that implementing the incremental use of QIVc as part of a preventive strategy for seasonal influenza among HCWs in Italy could yield positive economic outcomes, especially in terms of indirect costs and fiscal impact. The resources saved could be utilized to fund further public health interventions. Policy-makers should consider these findings when making decisions regarding influenza prevention strategies targeting HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Elisa Calabrò
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.Go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
- VIHTALI (Value in Health Technology and Academy for Leadership & Innovation), Spin-Off of Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy.
| | - Filippo Rumi
- Graduate School of Health Economics and Management (ALTEMS), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Ricciardi
- VIHTALI (Value in Health Technology and Academy for Leadership & Innovation), Spin-Off of Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Americo Cicchetti
- Graduate School of Health Economics and Management (ALTEMS), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
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Guo J, Chen X, Guo Y, Liu M, Li P, Tao Y, Liu Z, Yang Z, Zhan S, Sun F. Real-world effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccination and age as effect modifier: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of test-negative design studies. Vaccine 2024; 42:1883-1891. [PMID: 38423813 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Under the global risk of epidemic rebound of influenza after COVID-19 outbreak, the study aimed to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) and to explore the potential effect modifiers. METHODS We searched for test-negative design studies with IVE estimates published between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2022. We estimated pooled IVE using random-effects meta-analysis, and conducted meta-regression with study site, age, sex and comorbidity as explanatory variables. RESULTS We identified 2429 publications and included 191 in the meta-analysis. The pooled IVE was 41.4 % (95 % CI: 39.2-43.5 %) against any influenza. For specific strains, the IVE was 55.4 % (95 % CI: 52.7-58.1 %) against A/H1N1, 26.8 % (95 % CI: 23.5-29.9 %) against A/H3N2, 47.2 % (95 % CI: 38.1-54.9 %) against B/Yamagata, and 40.6 % (95 % CI: 23.7-53.7 %) against B/Victoria, and the effectiveness against A/H3N2 was significantly lower than A/H1N1 (p < 0.0001) and B/Yamagata (p < 0.0001). The pooled IVE was 39.2 % (95 % CI: 36.5-41.9 %) in preventing influenza-associated outpatient visit and 43.7 % (95 % CI: 39.7-47.4 %) in preventing influenza-related hospitalization. The IVE against any influenza was 48.6 % (95 % CI: 44.7-52.2 %) for children aged < 18 years, 36.7 % (95 % CI: 31.9-41.1 %) for adults aged 18-64 years, and 30.6 % (95 % CI: 26.2-34.8 %) for elderly aged ≥65 years. Meta-regression revealed that the IVE was associated with the average age of study participants, in which both young adults [relative odds ratio (ROR) = 1.225, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.099-1.365, p = 0.0002] and elderly (ROR = 1.245, 95 % CI: 1.083-1.431, p = 0.002) manifested a significantly decreased effectiveness compared with children. CONCLUSIONS Influenza vaccines provided moderate protection against laboratory-confirmed influenza and related outpatient visit and hospitalization. However, the effectiveness may vary substantially by virus type and age group, suggesting the necessity to tailor vaccination strategies especially for older individuals and against the A/H3N2 strain, and to promote annual immunization and annual analysis of vaccine effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Ministry of Education/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Ministry of Education/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Ministry of Education/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengze Liu
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Ministry of Education/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Li
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Ministry of Education/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Tao
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Ministry of Education/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhike Liu
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Ministry of Education/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhirong Yang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Siyan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Ministry of Education/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; Center for Intelligent Public Health, Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Feng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Ministry of Education/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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20
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Sun R, Zhang X, Jia W, Li P, Song C. Analysis of clinical characteristics and risk factors for death due to severe influenza in children. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 43:567-575. [PMID: 38240989 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-024-04759-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study analyzed the clinical features of children who had severe influenza and discussed on the risk factors associated with death in this population. METHODS A total of 167 children with severe influenza admitted to the intensive care unit of our hospital from January 2018 to August 2023 were selected and divided into the death group (27 cases) and the survival group (140 cases). Demographic characteristics and clinical data were collected and compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors for death in children with severe influenza. RESULTS The male-to-female ratio of the 167 children with severe influenza was 2.21:1, the median age was 3 years, and influenza A accounted for 70.66%. The CD4+ T cells percentage and CD4/CD8 were lower in the death group; the percentage of comorbid underlying diseases, mechanical ventilation, other systemic involvement, comorbid associated encephalopathy or encephalitis, and red blood cell distribution width (RDW), lactate dehydrogenase, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and interleukin 6 were higher in the death group. The mechanical ventilation, associated encephalopathy or encephalitis, RDW, APTT, and CD4/CD8 were the independent risk factors for death. CONCLUSION Mechanical ventilation, comorbid encephalopathy or encephalitis, increased RDW, prolonged APTT, and decreased CD4/CD8 are independent risk factors for death in children with severe influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyang Sun
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Infection and Critical Care, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 1, South University Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Infection and Critical Care, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 1, South University Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Wanyu Jia
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Infection and Critical Care, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 1, South University Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Peng Li
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Infection and Critical Care, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 1, South University Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Chunlan Song
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Infection and Critical Care, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, No. 1, South University Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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21
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MILANO GIOVANNA, MARCHI SERENA, VICENTI ILARIA, BIBA CAMILLA, FIASCHI LIA, TROMBETTA CLAUDIAMARIA, LAZZERI GIACOMO, MONTOMOLI EMANUELE, MANINI ILARIA. SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus coinfections in the Tuscan population during the 2021/2022 influenza season. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2024; 65:E11-E16. [PMID: 38706768 PMCID: PMC11066830 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2024.65.1.3179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The 2021/2022 influenza season was not characterised by a well-defined incidence peak. As reported by the Italian National Institute of Health, a high value of incidence of influenza cases was recorded in week 13, but it was still lower than in other influenza seasons. This abnormal circulation was probably due to relaxation of the COVID-19 pandemic restriction measures, such as social distancing, smart-working, home leaning and the use of masks, which greatly reduced the circulation of respiratory-transmitted viruses, including human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV). The symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza are quite similar, sharing the human-to-human transmission route via respiratory droplets. Methods The aim of this study was to estimate the rate of coinfection with influenza viruses and/or HRSV in SARS-CoV-2-positive subjects (N = 940) in a population of central Italy during the 2021/2022 season. Results A total of 54 cases of coinfection were detected during the study period, 51 cases (5.4%) of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus and three cases (0.3%) of SARS-CoV-2 and HRSV coinfection. Conclusions These results highlight the importance of continuous monitoring of the circulation of influenza virus and other respiratory viruses in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- GIOVANNA MILANO
- Department of Life Science, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - SERENA MARCHI
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - ILARIA VICENTI
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - CAMILLA BIBA
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - LIA FIASCHI
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - CLAUDIA MARIA TROMBETTA
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Interuniversity Research Center on Influenza and other Transmissible Infections
| | - GIACOMO LAZZERI
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Interuniversity Research Center on Influenza and other Transmissible Infections
| | - EMANUELE MONTOMOLI
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Interuniversity Research Center on Influenza and other Transmissible Infections
- VisMederi S.r.l., Siena, Italy
| | - ILARIA MANINI
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Interuniversity Research Center on Influenza and other Transmissible Infections
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22
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Yang W, Li Z, Yang T, Li Y, Xie Z, Feng L, Peng Z, Liu J. Experts' Consensus on the Management of Respiratory Disease Syndemic. China CDC Wkly 2024; 6:131-138. [PMID: 38476822 PMCID: PMC10926044 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2024.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Weizhong Yang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control, Peking Union Medical College, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongjie Li
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control, Peking Union Medical College, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Yang
- National Center for Respiratory Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanming Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing Hospital, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengde Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Luzhao Feng
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control, Peking Union Medical College, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibin Peng
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of PublicHealth, Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center-Weifang Joint Research Center for Maternal and Child Health,Peking University, Beijing, China
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23
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Feng J, Guo F, Li P, Zhang J, Jiang K, Zhu Z, Yin S, Lin X, Lin F, Xiao F, Xue X, He H, Chen S. Discovery of a Macrocyclic Influenza Cap-Dependent Endonuclease Inhibitor. J Med Chem 2024; 67:2570-2583. [PMID: 38301207 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Influenza viruses (IFVs) have caused several pandemics and have claimed numerous lives since their first record in the early 20th century. While the outbreak of COVID-19 seemed to expel influenza from the sight of people for a short period of time, it is not surprising that it will recirculate around the globe after the coronavirus has mutated into a less fatal variant. Baloxavir marboxil (1), the prodrug of baloxavir (2) and a cap-dependent endonuclease (CEN) inhibitor, were approved by the FDA for the first treatment in almost 20 years. Despite their high antiviral potency, drug-resistant variants have been observed in clinical trials. Herein, we report a novel CEN inhibitor 8 with a delicately designed macrocyclic scaffold that exhibits a significantly smaller shift of inhibitory activity toward baloxavir-resistant variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Feng
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200131, China
| | | | - Peng Li
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Cisen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jining 272000, China
| | | | | | | | - Xiaowan Lin
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Fusen Lin
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Fubiao Xiao
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Xiaoxia Xue
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Cisen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jining 272000, China
| | - Haiying He
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Shuhui Chen
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200131, China
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24
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De Angelis M, Checconi P, Olagnier D. Editorial: Host-cell pathways modulated by influenza virus infection: new insight into pathogenetic mechanisms and cell-targeted antiviral strategies. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1372896. [PMID: 38435304 PMCID: PMC10906816 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1372896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marta De Angelis
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Checconi
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Scientific Institute for Hospitalization and Health Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - David Olagnier
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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25
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Dai P, Qi L, Jia M, Li T, Ran H, Jiang M, Tang W, Yan C, Yang W, Ren Y, Feng L. Healthcare-seeking behaviours of patients with acute respiratory infection: a cross-sectional survey in a rural area of southwest China. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e077224. [PMID: 38365288 PMCID: PMC10875477 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the healthcare-seeking behaviour and related factors of people with acute respiratory symptoms in the rural areas of central and western China to estimate the disease burden of influenza more accurately. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTINGS Fifty-two communities/villages in the Wanzhou District, Chongqing, China, a rural area in southwest China, from May 2022 to July 2022. PARTICIPANTS The participants were those who had been living in Wanzhou District continuously for more than 6 months and consented to participate. OUTCOME MEASURES A semistructured questionnaire was used to determine the healthcare-seeking behaviour of participants, and the dichotomous response of 'yes' or 'no' was used to assess whether participants had acute respiratory symptoms and their healthcare-seeking behaviour. RESULTS Only 50.92% (360 of 707) of the patients with acute respiratory infection visited medical and health institutions for treatment, whereas 49.08% (347 of 707) avoided treatment or opted for self-medication. The primary reason for not seeing a doctor was that patients felt their condition was not serious and visiting a medical facility for treatment was unnecessary. Short distance (87.54%) and reasonable charges (49.48%) were ranked as the most important reasons for choosing treatment at primary medical and health facilities (80.27%). The primary reasons for which patients visited secondary and tertiary hospitals (7.78% and 8.61%, respectively) were that doctors in such facilities were better at diagnosis (57.14%) and at treatment (87.10%). CONCLUSION The findings provided in this study indicated that regular healthcare-seeking behaviour investigations should be conducted. The disease burden of influenza can be calculated more accurately when healthcare-seeking behaviour investigations are combined with surveillance in the hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixi Dai
- Division of Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Li Qi
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengmeng Jia
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Ran
- Wanzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wanzhou District, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingyue Jiang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenge Tang
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaoyang Yan
- Wanzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wanzhou District, Chongqing, China
| | - Weizhong Yang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhua Ren
- Wanzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wanzhou District, Chongqing, China
| | - Luzhao Feng
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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26
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García-Azorín D, Santana-López L, Lozano-Alonso JE, Ordax-Díez A, Vega-Alonso T, Macias Saint-Gerons D, González-Osorio Y, Rojo-Rello S, Eiros JM, Sánchez-Martínez J, Sierra-Mencía Á, Recio-García A, Martín-Toribio A, Sanz-Muñoz I, Guerrero-Peral ÁL. Factors associated to the presence of headache in patients with influenza infection and its consequences: a 2010-2020 surveillance-based study. J Headache Pain 2024; 25:18. [PMID: 38331709 PMCID: PMC10854039 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-024-01728-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Headache is a common symptom of influenza infection; however, its causes and consequences remain uncertain. In this manuscript, we analyzed which demographic and clinical factors were associated with the presence of headache during the course of influenza infection and whether patients with headache had a different prognosis, evaluated by need of hospitalization, sick leave or school absenteeism. The influence study (NCT05704335) was an observational study that analyzed data routinely collected from the Health Sentinel Network between 2010 and 2020. During the study period, 7832 cases were considered, among which, 5275 (67.4%) reported headache. The presence of headache was independently associated with myalgia (2.753; 95%CI: 2.456-3.087, P < 0.001), asthenia (OR: 1.958; 95%CI: 1.732-2.214, P < 0.001), shivering (OR: 1.925; 95%CI: 1.718-2.156, P < 0.001), nasopharyngeal erythema (OR: 1.505; 95%CI: 1.293-1.753, P < 0.001), fever (OR: 1.469; 95%CI: 1.159-1.861; P = 0.001), sudden onset of symptoms (OR: 1.380; 95%CI: 1.120-1.702, p = 0.004), female sex (OR: 1.134; 95%CI: 1.023-1.257, P = 0.018), and gastrointestinal symptoms (OR: 1.169; 95%CI: 1.039-1.315; P = 0.01). Patients with headache had a sex and age adjusted lower odds of being referred to the hospital (OR: 0.463; 95%CI: 0.264-0.812, P = 0.007) and a higher odd of having a sick leave and/or school absenteeism (absenteeism (OR: 1.342; 95%CI: 1.190-1.514, P < 0.001). In conclusion, the presence of headache seems associated with symptoms caused by the innate immune response. These findings support a headache pathophysiology linked with the innate immune response. Due to the potential negative consequences and its treatable nature, clinicians should systematically evaluate it and, whenever necessary, treat it too.
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Affiliation(s)
- David García-Azorín
- Department of Neurology, Headache Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Rondilla Santa Teresa Streat S/N, Edificio Rondilla, 47010, Valladolid, Spain.
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valladolid, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Rondilla Santa Teresa Streat S/N, Edificio Rondilla, 47010, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Laura Santana-López
- Department of Neurology, Headache Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Rondilla Santa Teresa Streat S/N, Edificio Rondilla, 47010, Valladolid, Spain
| | - José Eugenio Lozano-Alonso
- Fundación Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de La Salud de Castilla y León, ICSCYL, Valladolid, Soria, Spain
| | - Ana Ordax-Díez
- Fundación Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de La Salud de Castilla y León, ICSCYL, Valladolid, Soria, Spain
| | - Tomas Vega-Alonso
- Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad, Junta de Castilla y León, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Diego Macias Saint-Gerons
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia; INCLIVA Health Research Institute and CIBERSAM, Valencia, Spain
| | - Yésica González-Osorio
- Department of Neurology, Headache Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Rondilla Santa Teresa Streat S/N, Edificio Rondilla, 47010, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Silvia Rojo-Rello
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - José M Eiros
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- National Influenza Centre, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Álvaro Sierra-Mencía
- Department of Neurology, Headache Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Rondilla Santa Teresa Streat S/N, Edificio Rondilla, 47010, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Andrea Recio-García
- Department of Neurology, Headache Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Rondilla Santa Teresa Streat S/N, Edificio Rondilla, 47010, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Martín-Toribio
- Fundación Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de La Salud de Castilla y León, ICSCYL, Valladolid, Soria, Spain
- National Influenza Centre, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ivan Sanz-Muñoz
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- National Influenza Centre, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ángel Luis Guerrero-Peral
- Department of Neurology, Headache Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Rondilla Santa Teresa Streat S/N, Edificio Rondilla, 47010, Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valladolid, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Rondilla Santa Teresa Streat S/N, Edificio Rondilla, 47010, Valladolid, Spain
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Ye X, Yang S, Tu J, Xu L, Wang Y, Chen H, Yu R, Huang P. Leveraging baseline transcriptional features and information from single-cell data to power the prediction of influenza vaccine response. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1243586. [PMID: 38384303 PMCID: PMC10879619 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1243586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vaccination is still the primary means for preventing influenza virus infection, but the protective effects vary greatly among individuals. Identifying individuals at risk of low response to influenza vaccination is important. This study aimed to explore improved strategies for constructing predictive models of influenza vaccine response using gene expression data. Methods We first used gene expression and immune response data from the Immune Signatures Data Resource (IS2) to define influenza vaccine response-related transcriptional expression and alteration features at different time points across vaccination via differential expression analysis. Then, we mapped these features to single-cell resolution using additional published single-cell data to investigate the possible mechanism. Finally, we explored the potential of these identified transcriptional features in predicting influenza vaccine response. We used several modeling strategies and also attempted to leverage the information from single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data to optimize the predictive models. Results The results showed that models based on genes showing differential expression (DEGs) or fold change (DFGs) at day 7 post-vaccination performed the best in internal validation, while models based on DFGs had a better performance in external validation than those based on DEGs. In addition, incorporating baseline predictors could improve the performance of models based on days 1-3, while the model based on the expression profile of plasma cells deconvoluted from the model that used DEGs at day 7 as predictors showed an improved performance in external validation. Conclusion Our study emphasizes the value of using combination modeling strategy and leveraging information from single-cell levels in constructing influenza vaccine response predictive models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junlan Tu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Jurong Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Jurong, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Jurong Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Jurong, China
| | - Rongbin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Jorda A, Gabler C, Blaschke A, Wölfl-Duchek M, Gelbenegger G, Nussbaumer-Pröll A, Radtke C, Zeitlinger M, Bergmann F. Community-acquired and hospital-acquired bacterial co-infections in patients hospitalized with Covid-19 or influenza: a retrospective cohort study. Infection 2024; 52:105-115. [PMID: 37326938 PMCID: PMC10811098 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-023-02063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial co-infections are believed to be less frequent in patients with Covid-19 than influenza, but frequencies varied between studies. METHODS This single-center retrospective, propensity score-matched analysis included adult patients with Covid-19 or influenza admitted to normal-care wards between 02/2014 and 12/2021. Covid-19 cases were propensity score matched to influenza cases at a 2:1 ratio. Community-acquired and hospital-acquired bacterial co-infections were defined as positive blood or respiratory cultures ≤ 48 h or > 48 h after hospital admission, respectively. The primary outcome was comparison of community-acquired and hospital-acquired bacterial infections between patients with Covid-19 and influenza in the propensity score-matched cohort. Secondary outcomes included frequency of early and late microbiological testing. RESULTS A total of 1337 patients were included in the overall analysis, of which 360 patients with Covid-19 were matched to 180 patients with influenza. Early (≤ 48 h) microbiological sampling was performed in 138 (38.3%) patients with Covid-19 and 75 (41.7%) patients with influenza. Community-acquired bacterial co-infections were found in 14 (3.9%) of 360 patients with Covid-19 and 7 (3.9%) of 180 patients with influenza (OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.3-2.7). Late (> 48 h) microbiological sampling was performed in 129 (35.8%) patients with Covid-19 and 74 (41.1%) patients with influenza. Hospital-acquired bacterial co-infections were found in 40 (11.1%) of 360 patients with Covid-19 and 20 (11.1%) of 180 patients with influenza (OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.5-1.8). CONCLUSION The rate of community-acquired and hospital-acquired bacterial co-infections was similar in hospitalized Covid-19 and influenza patients. These findings contrast previous literature reporting that bacterial co-infections are less common in Covid-19 than influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anselm Jorda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cornelia Gabler
- IT Systems and Communications, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Amelie Blaschke
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Wölfl-Duchek
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Gelbenegger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alina Nussbaumer-Pröll
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Radtke
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Zeitlinger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Felix Bergmann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Matthys A, Saelens X. Promises and challenges of single-domain antibodies to control influenza. Antiviral Res 2024; 222:105807. [PMID: 38219914 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The World Health Organization advices the use of a quadrivalent vaccine as prophylaxis against influenza, to prevent severe influenza-associated disease and -mortality, and to keep up with influenza antigenic diversity. Different small molecule antivirals to treat influenza have become available. However, emergence of drug resistant influenza viruses has been observed upon use of these antivirals. An appealing alternative approach to prevent or treat influenza is the use of antibody-based antivirals, such as conventional monoclonal antibodies and single-domain antibodies (sdAbs). The surface of the influenza A and B virion is decorated with hemagglutinin molecules, which act as receptor-binding and membrane fusion proteins and represent the main target of neutralizing antibodies. SdAbs that target influenza A and B hemagglutinin have been described. In addition, sdAbs directed against the influenza A virus neuraminidase have been reported, whereas no sdAbs targeting influenza B neuraminidase have been described to date. SdAbs directed against influenza A matrix protein 2 or its ectodomain have been reported, while no sdAbs have been described targeting the influenza B matrix protein 2. Known for their high specificity, ease of production and formatting, sdAb-based antivirals could be a major leap forward in influenza control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Matthys
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xavier Saelens
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Rus MA, Ghițoaica B, Lazăr AL, Man MA, Briciu VT, Muntean MI, Leucuța DC, Lupșe MS. Changes in Epidemiology and Antibiotic Prescription of Influenza: Before and after the Emergence of COVID-19. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:181. [PMID: 38399395 PMCID: PMC10893202 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The appearance of COVID-19 had a major impact on healthcare and the epidemiology of other diseases. Following the cessation of non-pharmacologic interventions destined to limit the spread of COVID-19, influenza reemerged. The aim of this study was to compare the pre-pandemic influenza seasons with the influenza seasons after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, and to identify differences in terms of clinical characteristics, risk factors, complications, outcomes, and antiviral and antibiotic treatments. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study from the Teaching Hospital of Infectious Diseases database in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. We analyzed four pre-pandemic seasons and the seasons after the onset of COVID-19. We included adult patients hospitalized with confirmed influenza between October 2016 and August 2023. Variables such as age, sex, duration of hospitalization, severity, clinical manifestations, comorbidities, and Charlson comorbidity index were assessed. RESULTS A total of 941 patients were included in the analysis. The percentage of severe influenza was similar in both groups, but mortality from influenza was significantly lower after 2022. Virtually all patients were prescribed antivirals; antibiotic prescriptions decreased in the post-COVID-19 influenza seasons. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that influenza seasons after 2022 had lower mortality and attenuated clinical presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihai Aronel Rus
- Department of Infectious Diseases, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.G.); (M.I.M.)
| | - Bogdan Ghițoaica
- Department of Infectious Diseases, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.G.); (M.I.M.)
| | | | - Maria Ancuța Man
- Teaching Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Violeta Tincuța Briciu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.G.); (M.I.M.)
- Teaching Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Monica Iuliana Muntean
- Department of Infectious Diseases, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.G.); (M.I.M.)
- Teaching Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniel Corneliu Leucuța
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Sorina Lupșe
- Department of Infectious Diseases, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (B.G.); (M.I.M.)
- Teaching Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Sergeeva Y, Yeung SY, Sellergren B. Heteromultivalent Ligand Display on Reversible Self-Assembled Monolayers (rSAMs): A Fluidic Platform for Tunable Influenza Virus Recognition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:3139-3146. [PMID: 38197122 PMCID: PMC10811624 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
We report on the design of heteromultivalent influenza A virus (IAV) receptors based on reversible self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) featuring two distinct mobile ligands. The principal layer building blocks consist of α-(4-amidinophenoxy)alkanes decorated at the ω-position with sialic acid (SA) and the neuraminidase inhibitor Zanamivir (Zan), acting as two mobile ligands binding to the complementary receptors hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) on the virus surface. From ternary amphiphile mixtures comprising these ligands, the amidines spontaneously self-assemble on top of carboxylic acid-terminated SAMs to form reversible mixed monolayers (rSAMs) that are easily tunable with respect to the ligand ratio. We show that this results in the ability to construct surfaces featuring a very strong affinity for the surface proteins and specific virus subtypes. Hence, an rSAM prepared from solutions containing 15% SA and 10% Zan showed an exceptionally high affinity and selectivity for the avian IAV H7N9 (Kd = 11 fM) that strongly exceeded the affinity for other subtypes (H3N2, H5N1, H1N1). Changing the SA/Zan ratio resulted in changes in the relative preference between the four tested subtypes, suggesting this to be a key parameter for rapid adjustments of both virus affinity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Sergeeva
- Department of Biomedical
Sciences and Biofilms-Research Center for Biointerfaces (BRCB), Faculty
of Health and Society, Malmö University, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Börje Sellergren
- Department of Biomedical
Sciences and Biofilms-Research Center for Biointerfaces (BRCB), Faculty
of Health and Society, Malmö University, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden
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Fratty IS, Jurkowicz M, Zuckerman N, Nemet I, Atari N, Kliker L, Gur-Arie L, Rosenberg A, Glatman-Freedman A, Lustig Y, Mandelboim M. Influenza vaccine compatibility among hospitalized patients during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1296179. [PMID: 38322758 PMCID: PMC10844098 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1296179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Following the significant decrease in SARS-CoV-2 cases worldwide, Israel, as well as other countries, have again been faced with a rise in seasonal influenza. This study compared circulating influenza A and B in hospitalized patients in Israel with the influenza strains in the vaccine following the 2021-2022 winter season which was dominated by the omicron variant. Methods Nasopharyngeal samples of 16,325 patients were examined for the detection of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and influenza B. Phylogenetic trees of hemagglutinin were then prepared using sanger sequencing. Vaccine immunogenicity was also performed using the hemagglutination inhibition test. Results Of the 16,325 nasopharyngeal samples collected from hospitalized patients between September 2021 (Week 40) and April 2023 (Week 15), 7.5% were found to be positive for influenza. Phylogenetic analyses show that in the 2021-2022 winter season, the leading virus subtype was influenza A(H3N2), belonging to clade 3C.2a1b.2a.2. However, the following winter season was dominated by influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, which belongs to clade 6B.aA.5a.2. The circulating influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 strain showed a shift from the vaccine strain, while the co-circulating influenza A(H3N2) and influenza B strains were similar to those of the vaccine. Antigenic analysis coincided with the sequence analysis. Discussion Influenza prevalence during 2022-2023 returned to typical levels as seen prior to the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, which may suggest a gradual viral adaptation to SARS-CoV-2 variants. Domination of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was observed uniquely in Israel compared to Europe and USA and phylogenetic and antigenic analysis showed lower recognition of the vaccine with the circulating influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in Israel compared to the vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana S. Fratty
- Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health and Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- The Israel Center for Disease Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Menucha Jurkowicz
- Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health and Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Neta Zuckerman
- Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health and Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ital Nemet
- Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health and Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Nofar Atari
- Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health and Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Limor Kliker
- Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health and Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Lea Gur-Arie
- The Israel Center for Disease Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Alina Rosenberg
- The Israel Center for Disease Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Aharona Glatman-Freedman
- The Israel Center for Disease Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yaniv Lustig
- Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health and Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Mandelboim
- Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health and Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Wang M, Hao MC, Huangfu Y, Yang KZ, Zhang XQ, Zhang Y, Chen J, Zhang ZL. A Universal Aptamer for Influenza A Viruses: Selection, Recognition, and Infection Inhibition. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:249-258. [PMID: 38230279 PMCID: PMC10789145 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
It is crucial to develop universal inhibitors for viral inhibition due to the rapid mutation of viruses. Herein, a universal aptamer inhibitor was developed that enabled a single DNA molecule to recognize several hemeagglutinin (HA) protein subtypes, inducing broad neutralization against influenza A viruses (IAVs). Through a multi-channel enrichment (MCE) strategy, a high-affinity aptamer named UHA-2 was obtained, with its dissociation constants (Kd) for three different HA proteins being 1.5 ± 0.2 nM (H5N1), 3.7 ± 0.4 nM (H7N9), and 10.1 ± 1.1 nM (H9N2). The UHA-2 aptamer had a universal inhibition effect, by which it could broadly neutralize influenza A H5N1, H7N9, H9N2, H1N1, and H3N2 viruses. Universal aptamer inhibitors have the advantages of acquisition in vitro, stability, simple structure, small size, etc. This study not only develops a novel universal aptamer to achieve a broad inhibition effect on various IAVs, but also opens up an efficient strategy for the development of universal inhibitors against viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan
University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Meng-Chan Hao
- Key
Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of
Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yueyue Huangfu
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan
University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Ke-Zhu Yang
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan
University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of
Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of
Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Key
Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of
Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Zhang
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan
University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
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Lin F, Chen MT, Zhang L, Wu M, Xie H, Guan ZX, Yang Z, Cai ZX, Wen JZ, Yang LY. Resurgence of influenza A after SARS-CoV-2 omicron wave and comparative analysis of hospitalized children with COVID-19 and influenza A virus infection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 10:1289487. [PMID: 38274442 PMCID: PMC10810023 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1289487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Context The highly infectious Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have caused large-scale transmission from Dec 2022 to Feb 2023 in China. After this event, a remarkable surge of influenza A (Flu A) occurred from March to May 2023, especially in pediatric patients. Objectives This study aimed to investigate the differences between pediatric patients infected with COVID-19 Omicron and Flu A virus. Methods A total of 1,063 hospitalized children who admitted into two tertiary general hospital of Guangdong province of China were included. Medical records were compared retrospectively in these patients during the pandemic periods of SARS-CoV-2 omicron and Flu A. Results A total of 592 Patients with Flu A were mostly preschool and school-aged (>3y, 76.0%), they showed higher ratio of high fever (≥39°C), cough, rhinorrhea, and vomiting than patients with SARS-CoV-2 omicron. Most of the 471 Omicron patients were young children (0-3y, 74.5%) and had more poor appetite and dyspnea symptom. Benign acute children myositis (BACM) was only observed in patients with Flu A, and a significant male predominance. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) was only found in patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron. Compared to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron group, for both age groups (0-3 years and > 3 years), the Flu A group showed significantly reduced lymphocyte (Lym) counts (P < 0.001), and elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatinine kinase-MB (CK-MB) in laboratory indexes (all P < 0.001). Additionally, it was found that more children hospitalized with COVID-19 had increased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels compared to those with Flu A. Conclusion Influenza A infections have notably surged in children, coinciding with the relaxation of COVID-19 related social restrictions. During the epidemic periods of Omicron and Flu A virus infection, different clinical and laboratory characteristics were observed in hospitalized children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Lin
- Precision Medical Lab Center, Chaozhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Chaozhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Man-Tong Chen
- Precision Medical Lab Center, Chaozhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Chaozhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Precision Medical Lab Center, Chaozhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Chaozhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, People’s Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - He Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Chaozhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Chaozhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ze-Xiang Guan
- Department of Pediatrics, People’s Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chaozhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Chaozhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhong-Xian Cai
- Chaozhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chaozhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin-Zhou Wen
- Chaozhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chaozhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Ye Yang
- Precision Medical Lab Center, People’s Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang, Guangdong, China
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Zhang Y, Huang X, Zhang J, Tao Z. Risk factors for hospitalization and pneumonia development of pediatric patients with seasonal influenza during February-April 2023. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1300228. [PMID: 38249383 PMCID: PMC10797015 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1300228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives In China influenza remains a low activity for continuous 3 years due to COVID-19 controls. We here sought to study the clinical characteristics and risk factors of the influenza infection among children after the mandatory COVID-19 restrictions were lifted. Methods We included 1,006 pediatric patients with influenza A virus (IAV) infection, enrolled in one tertiary hospital in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China, during February to April 2023. Patients were divided into the outpatient (n = 798) and inpatient (n = 208) groups, and their baseline characteristics were compared between two groups to conclude the risk factors for pediatric hospitalization. Separately, pediatric inpatients (n = 208) were further divided into the pneumonia and non-pneumonia groups with comparison of their clinical characteristics, including their laboratory test results and representative radiological features, to derive the key determinants for pneumonia development after hospitalization. Results Compared to outpatients, IAV-infected pediatric inpatients exhibited younger age, higher female: male ratio, more co-infection of influenza B virus (IBV) and hematological abnormality. Multivariate regression analysis determined the independent risk factors of hospitalization to be the clinical symptom of abdominal pain (OR = 2.63, [95% CI, 1.05-6.57], p = 0.039), co-infection of IBV (OR = 44.33, [95% CI, 25.10-78.30], p = 0.001), elevated levels of lymphocytes (OR = 2.24, [95% CI,1.65-3.05], p = 0.001) and c-reactive proteins (CRPs) (OR = 1.06, [95% CI, 1.03-1.08], p = 0.001) upon hospital admission. Furthermore, the cough symptom (OR = 17.39, [95% CI, 3.51-86.13], p = 0.001) and hospitalization length (OR = 1.36, [95% CI, 1.12-1.67], p = 0.002) were determined to be risk factors of pneumonia acquirement for pediatric inpatients. Conclusion While the abdominal pain, viral co-infection and some hematological abnormality mainly contribute to hospitalization of pediatric patients with IAV infection, the length of hospital stay and clinical sign of coughing upon hospital admission constitute the key determinants for nosocomial pneumonia development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhimin Tao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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Hedberg P, Valik JK, Halim LA, Alfvén T, Naucler P. Reducing Diagnostic Bias Through Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Testing for SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A/B, and RSV. Clin Infect Dis 2024:ciad747. [PMID: 38173180 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pontus Hedberg
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Karlsson Valik
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lina Abdel Halim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tobias Alfvén
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pontus Naucler
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Zou S, Mohtar SH, Othman R, Hassan RM, Liang K, Lei D, Xu B. Platelet distribution width as an useful indicator of influenza severity in children. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:9. [PMID: 38166827 PMCID: PMC10759456 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08890-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aims to investigate the potential of platelet distribution width as an useful parameter to assess the severity of influenza in children. METHODS Baseline characteristics and laboratory results were collected and analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to joint detection of inflammatory markers for influenza positive children, and the scatter-dot plots were used to compare the differences between severe and non-severe group. RESULTS Influenza B positive children had more bronchitis and pneumonia (P < 0.05), influenza A infected children had more other serious symptoms (P = 0.007). Neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet parameters performed differently among < 4 years and ≥ 4 years children with influenza. Combined detection of platelet parameters and other indicators could better separate healthy children from influenza infected children than single indicator detection. The levels of platelet distribution width of children with severe influenza (A and B) infection was significantly dropped, compared with non-severe group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Platelet distribution width could be a very useful and economic indicator in distinction and severity assessment for children with influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyin Zou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China.
- Department of Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor, Bestari Jaya Campus, Bestari Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 45600, Malaysia.
| | - Siti Hasmah Mohtar
- Department of Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor, Bestari Jaya Campus, Bestari Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 45600, Malaysia.
| | - Roshani Othman
- Department of Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor, Bestari Jaya Campus, Bestari Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 45600, Malaysia
| | - Rodiah Mohd Hassan
- Department of Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor, Bestari Jaya Campus, Bestari Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 45600, Malaysia
| | - Kun Liang
- Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523000, China
| | - Da Lei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Bangming Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
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Colombo L, Hadigal S, Nauta J, Kondratenko A, Rogoll J, Van de Witte S. Influvac Tetra: clinical experience on safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity. Expert Rev Vaccines 2024; 23:88-101. [PMID: 38088157 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2293241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This paper summarizes the safety and immunogenicity data of Influvac Tetra across all age groups starting from 6 months of age, obtained during its clinical development program. AREAS COVERED The article covers the clinical development program of Influvac Tetra based on five registration studies that included different age groups, different comparators, and participants from Europe and Asia. Safety and immunogenicity were assessed in all studies and in one study, the efficacy of Influvac Tetra was assessed. EXPERT OPINION Seasonal influenza is a vaccine-preventable disease that can cause serious complications. Several types of influenza vaccines are available, including egg-based (standard dose, high dose, and adjuvanted), cell-based, and recombinant. The COVID-19 pandemic has stimulated innovation in the development such as mRNA vaccines. However, these vaccines are still in development and the true value still has to be proven. Regardless of the type of vaccine, it is also important to increase overall vaccination coverage. ECDC recommends that EU Member States implement action plans and policies aimed at reaching 75% coverage in at-risk groups and healthcare workers. Even so, vaccine coverage is still far from recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jos Nauta
- Innovation & Development, Abbott, Weesp, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jutta Rogoll
- Global Pharmacovigilance, Abbott, Hannover, Germany
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Kenmoe S, Takuissu GR, Ebogo-Belobo JT, Kengne-Ndé C, Mbaga DS, Bowo-Ngandji A, Ondigui Ndzie JL, Kenfack-Momo R, Tchatchouang S, Lontuo Fogang R, Zeuko'o Menkem E, Kame-Ngasse GI, Magoudjou-Pekam JN, Puzelli S, Lucentini L, Veneri C, Mancini P, Bonanno Ferraro G, Iaconelli M, Del Giudice C, Brandtner D, Suffredini E, La Rosa G. A systematic review of influenza virus in water environments across human, poultry, and wild bird habitats. WATER RESEARCH X 2024; 22:100210. [PMID: 38298332 PMCID: PMC10825513 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Influenza, a highly contagious acute respiratory disease, remains a major global health concern. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the prevalence of influenza virus in different aquatic environments. Using 43 articles from four databases, we thoroughly examined water matrices from wastewater treatment plants (WTPs) and other human environments, as well as poultry habitats and areas frequented by migratory wild birds. In WTP influents (10 studies), positivity rates for influenza A ranged from 0.0 % to 97.6 %. For influenza B (8 studies), most studies reported no positivity, except for three studies reporting detection in 0.8 %, 5.6 %, and 46.9 % of samples. Within poultry habitats (13 studies), the prevalence of influenza A ranged from 4.3 % to 76.4 %, while in environments frequented by migratory wild birds (11 studies), it ranged from 0.4 % to 69.8 %. Geographically, the studies were distributed as follows: 39.5 % from the Americas, 18.6 % from Europe, 2.3 % from South-East Asia and 39.5 % from the Western Pacific. Several influenza A subtypes were found in water matrices, including avian influenza (H3N6, H3N8, H4N1, H4N2, H4N6, H4N8, H5N1, H5N8, H6N2, H6N6, H7N9, H0N8, and H11N9) and seasonal human influenza (H1N1 and H3N2). The existing literature indicates a crucial requirement for more extensive future research on this topic. Specifically, it emphasizes the need for method harmonization and delves into areas deserving of in-depth research, such as water matrices pertaining to pig farming and prevalence studies in low-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kenmoe
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - GR Takuissu
- Centre for Food, Food Security and Nutrition Research, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - JT Ebogo-Belobo
- Medical Research Centre, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - C Kengne-Ndé
- Epidemiological Surveillance, Evaluation and Research Unit, National AIDS Control Committee, Douala, Cameroon
| | - DS Mbaga
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - A Bowo-Ngandji
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - JL Ondigui Ndzie
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - R Kenfack-Momo
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - S Tchatchouang
- Scientific Direction, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - R Lontuo Fogang
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - E Zeuko'o Menkem
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - GI Kame-Ngasse
- Medical Research Centre, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - JN Magoudjou-Pekam
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - S Puzelli
- Department of Infectious Disease, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - L Lucentini
- National Center for Water Safety (CeNSiA), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - C Veneri
- National Center for Water Safety (CeNSiA), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - P Mancini
- National Center for Water Safety (CeNSiA), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - G Bonanno Ferraro
- National Center for Water Safety (CeNSiA), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - M Iaconelli
- National Center for Water Safety (CeNSiA), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - C Del Giudice
- National Center for Water Safety (CeNSiA), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - D Brandtner
- Department of Infectious Disease, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - E Suffredini
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary public health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - G La Rosa
- National Center for Water Safety (CeNSiA), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Sobhy NM, Muñoz AQ, Youssef CRB, Goyal SM. Inactivation of Three Subtypes of Influenza A Virus by a Commercial Device Using Ultraviolet Light and Ozone. Avian Dis 2024; 67:305-309. [PMID: 38300651 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-d-23-00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Avian influenza (AI) is a highly contagious disease that can be transmitted to naïve birds through fomites. The survival of AI viruses (AIV) on nonporous and porous fomites also dictates how long the fomite can serve as a vehicle for virus transmission. AIVs are known to be inactivated by ozone and ultraviolet (UV) light. However, the combined effect of UV light and ozone in combating AIV on different fomites has not been investigated. This study was undertaken to determine AIV inactivation by a commercial device called the BioSec shoe sanitizing station. This device generates both ozone and UV light for 8 sec when activated. We evaluated this device against three different subtypes of AIVs applied on seven different fomites. In general, the device inactivated all three AIV subtypes loaded on all fomites but to varying degrees of inactivation. The percentage of virus reduction on nonporous fomites (98.6%-99.9%) was higher than on porous fomites (90.0%-99.5%). In conclusion, this new device has the potential to help reduce the risk of transmission of AIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader M Sobhy
- Veterinary Population Medicine Department and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia 44511, Egypt
| | - Angie Quiñonez Muñoz
- Veterinary Population Medicine Department and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
| | - Christiana R B Youssef
- Veterinary Population Medicine Department and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Sagar M Goyal
- Veterinary Population Medicine Department and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108,
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Fan G, Zhou Y, Zhou F, Yu Z, Gu X, Zhang X, Liu Z, Zhou M, Cao B. The mortality and years of life lost for community-acquired pneumonia before and during COVID-19 pandemic in China. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2024; 42:100968. [PMID: 38022712 PMCID: PMC10679495 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, but disease burden of CAP is not clear so far. We aim to explore the spatial and temporal trends of mortality and years of life lost (YLL) due to CAP during 2013-2021 in mainland China, especially the mortality changes before and during COVID-19 pandemic due to COVID-19 related non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). Methods We used data from the National Mortality Surveillance System to estimate the age-standardized rates of death and YLL of CAP at national and provincial level in China during 2013-2021. Monthly and provincial NPIs data were obtained from Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker. The Average annual percentage change (AAPC) and mortality reduction were estimated by log-linear regression and interrupted time series, respectively. Findings In China, most CAP that caused deaths had no clear etiology, and bacterial pneumonia and viral pneumonia were the leading 2 causes among CAP deaths with determined etiology before and during COVID-19 pandemic. The age-standardized CAP mortality rate decreased from 11.18 per 100,000 in 2013 to 8.76 per 100,000 in 2019, and to 5.74 per 100,000 in 2021 (AAPC -4.51% vs -7.89%). Trends were similar in age-standardized rate of YLL. Both rates declined more for viral pneumonia, compared with bacterial pneumonia. After adjusting for NPIs at provincial level after 2020, the NPIs for COVID-19 was associated with significant reductions in CAP mortality (-0.34 per 100,000, -0.41 to -0.27; p < 0.0001), and provinces that economically developed and conducted strict regular NPIs against COVID-19 contributed the most reduction. Interpretation We observed a decreasing trend of age-standardized CAP mortality from 2013 to 2019, and a dramatical reduction during COVID-19 pandemic, especially for viral pneumonia. Our study provided the evidence for the effectiveness of regular NPIs on the significant reductions in CAP mortality. Funding This work has been supported by Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project Z191100006619101, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS 2021-I2M-1-048), CAMS Institute of Respiratory Medicine Grant for Young Scholars (2023-ZF-8) and the New Cornerstone Science Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Fan
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Research and Data Management, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuchang Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- National Center for Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhongguang Yu
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Gu
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Research and Data Management, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xueyang Zhang
- Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhengping Liu
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Maigeng Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- National Center for Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Cao
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
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Lu D, Han Y, Xu R, Qin M, Shi J, Zhang C, Zhang J, Ye F, Luo Z, Wang Y, Wang C, Wang C. Evaluation of the efficacy, safety and influencing factors of concomitant and sequential administration of viral respiratory infectious disease vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1259399. [PMID: 38179050 PMCID: PMC10764558 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1259399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is no clear conclusion on the immunogenicity and adverse events of concomitant administration the viral respiratory infectious disease vaccines. We aimed to evaluate the impact of concomitant administering viral respiratory infectious disease vaccines on efficiencies, safety and influencing factors. Methods This meta-analysis included studies from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials, Web of Science, WHO COVID-19 Research, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases. Randomized controlled trials of the adult participants concomitant administered with viral respiratory infectious disease vaccine and other vaccines were included. The main outcomes were the seroconversion rate and seroprotection rate of each vaccine. Used the Mantel-Haenszel fixed effects method as the main analysis to estimate the pooled RRs and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals. The risk of bias for each trial was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, while evidence certainty was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system. Results A total of 21 studies comprising 14060 participants with two types of vaccines were retained for the meta-analysis. Concomitant immunization reduced the geometric mean titer (RR: 0.858, 95% CI: (0.785 to 0.939)) and the geometric mean fold rise (0.754 (0.629 to 0.902)) in the SARS-COV-2 vaccine group but increased the seroconversion rate (1.033 (1.0002 to 1.067)) in the seasonal influenza vaccine group. Concomitant administration were influenced by the type of vaccine, adjuvant content, booster immunization, and age and gender of the recipient. Conclusion This meta-analysis suggested that the short-term protection and safety of concomitant administered were effective. Appropriate adjuvants, health promotion and counselling and booster vaccines could improve the efficiency and safety of Concomitant vaccination. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022343709.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafeng Lu
- Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing, China
- Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Quzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Quzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifang Han
- Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruowei Xu
- Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing, China
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingke Qin
- Department of Occupational Health, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianwei Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Caihong Zhang
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jinhai Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing, China
| | - Fuqiang Ye
- Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenghan Luo
- Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuhe Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing, China
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing, China
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Gomes F, Prado T, Degrave W, Moreira L, Magalhães M, Magdinier H, Vilela R, Siqueira M, Brandão M, Ogrzewalska M. Active surveillance for influenza virus and coronavirus infection in Antarctic birds and mammals in environmental fecal samples, South Shetland Islands. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20230741. [PMID: 38126386 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320230741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous Antarctic species are recognized as reservoirs for various pathogens, and their migratory behavior allows them to reach the Brazilian coast, potentially contributing to the emergence and circulation of new infectious diseases. To address the potential zoonotic risks, we conducted surveillance of influenza A virus (IAV) and coronaviruses (CoVs) in the Antarctic Peninsula, specifically focusing on different bird and mammal species in the region. During the summer of 2021/2022, as part of the Brazilian Antarctic Expedition, we collected and examined a total of 315 fecal samples to target these respiratory viruses. Although we did not detect the viruses of interest during this particular expedition, previous research conducted by our team has shown the presence of the H11N2 subtype of influenza A virus in penguin fecal samples from the same region. Given the continuous emergence of new viral strains worldwide, it is crucial to maintain active surveillance in the area, contributing to strengthening integrated One Health surveillance efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Gomes
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios, Exantemáticos e Entéricos e Emergências Virais, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Prado
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios, Exantemáticos e Entéricos e Emergências Virais, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Wim Degrave
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Genômica Aplicada e Bioinovação, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucas Moreira
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Micologia, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maithê Magalhães
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Genômica Aplicada e Bioinovação, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Harrison Magdinier
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Aplicada a Micobactérias, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Roberto Vilela
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marilda Siqueira
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios, Exantemáticos e Entéricos e Emergências Virais, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Martha Brandão
- Vice-Presidência de Produção e Inovação em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Ogrzewalska
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Vírus Respiratórios, Exantemáticos e Entéricos e Emergências Virais, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Kandeel A, Fahim M, Deghedy O, H Roshdy W, K Khalifa M, El Shesheny R, Kandeil A, Wagdy S, Naguib A, Afifi S, Abdelghaffar K. Multicenter study to describe viral etiologies, clinical profiles, and outcomes of hospitalized children with severe acute respiratory infections, Egypt 2022. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21860. [PMID: 38071208 PMCID: PMC10710477 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48814-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In late 2022, severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) surveillance reported an abrupt increase in non-COVID-19 infections among children after three years of drastic reductions. Signals of increased absenteeism due to respiratory symptoms among primary and preparatory school children were detected by Event-Based Surveillance. We conducted a hospital-based survey of children who were admitted with SARI to identify the causative pathogen(s) and estimate the burden of infection. A survey was conducted among children < 16 years in 21 referral hospitals in the three governorates with the highest SARI rates. Patients' demographics, clinical symptoms, and severity were collected from medical records using a line list. Patients were swabbed and tested for a panel of 33 respiratory pathogens by RT-PCR at the Central Laboratory in Cairo. Descriptive data analysis was performed for demographic data. Patients' characteristics were compared by causative agents' clinical picture and severity using Chi2 with a p < 0.05 significance. Overall, 317 patients were enrolled, 58.3% were ≤ 1 year of age, 61.5% were males. Of 229 (72.7%) of positively tested patients, viruses caused 92.1% including RSV 63.8%, Rhinovirus 10.0%, Influenza 9.2%, Adenovirus 5.2%, and 1.3% co-infected with two viruses. Bacteria caused 3.5% of cases and 4.4% had mixed viral-bacterial infections. Rhinovirus was the most common cause of death among children with SARI, followed by RSV (8.7% and 1.4%), whereas influenza and Adenovirus did not result in any deaths. Patients with viral-bacterial infections are more likely to be admitted to ICU and die at the hospital than bacterial or viral infections (60% and 20% vs. 31.8% and 1.9% vs. 12.5% and 12.5%, p < 0.001). Viruses particularly RSV are the leading cause of SARI causing significant health problem among children < 16 years in Egypt. Bacterial on top of viral infection can worsen disease courses and outcomes. Studies are required to estimate the SARI burden accurately among Egyptian children and a comprehensive approach tailored to Egypt is necessary to reduce its burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Kandeel
- Preventive Sector, Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal Fahim
- Preventive Sector, Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola Deghedy
- Preventive Sector, Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Wael H Roshdy
- Central Public Health Laboratories, Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed K Khalifa
- Centre of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Rabeh El Shesheny
- Centre of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Kandeil
- Centre of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Saly Wagdy
- Central Public Health Laboratories, Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amel Naguib
- Central Public Health Laboratories, Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salma Afifi
- Consultant Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt
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Amitai N, Wertheimer R, Prais D, Wertheimer KO, Livni G. Influenza vaccination in children with pulmonary disease during the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccine 2023; 41:7532-7538. [PMID: 37977938 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Influenza is associated with considerable respiratory morbidity and mortality. Healthcare authorities recommend immunization of all children as vaccinations protect vulnerable populations, minimize influenza triggered asthma attacks, and reduced the burden of respiratory illnesses during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Medical professionals should counsel parents of children with chronic lung disease to receive annual influenza vaccinations as part of supportive care. We aimed to describe adherence to influenza vaccination in respiratory patients and identify potential reasons for non-vaccination. METHODS This study included questionnaires reviewing personal experience and beliefs regarding influenza vaccination, provided by parents of patients who visited the Pediatric Pulmonary Institute at Schneider Children's Medical Center with their children, during March-August 2021. RESULTS Of 198 parents who completed our questionnaire, 114 (57.3 %) vaccinated their children against influenza during that year. Average age was 6.9 ± 4.5 years. Demographic data were similar between the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. Influenza vaccination rates differed significantly between parents who received an explanation from their primary physician and those who did not (65.4 % vs. 43.7 %, respectfully, p = 0.003), and parents who received explanations from a pulmonary specialist and those who did not (77.3 % vs. 48.8 %, respectively, p = 0.004). The combined recommendation of a primary physician and pulmonologist translated to a significantly higher vaccination rate among those who received such recommendations, as compared to those who did not (p < 0.001). Parents who believed in vaccine efficacy and safety were more likely to vaccinate their children (p < 0.001). Factors significantly affecting the decision of the parents to have their child vaccinated were their knowledge, beliefs, and conceptions about the vaccine. CONCLUSIONS Pediatric respiratory patients' influenza vaccination rate was 57 %. Major factors encouraging vaccination were correct parental knowledge and receiving recommendations from their primary physician\pulmonologist. This emphasizes the need for providing patients with information, by first explaining the vaccine's importance to physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nofar Amitai
- Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Reut Wertheimer
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
| | - Dario Prais
- Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | | | - Gilat Livni
- Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Alarcon PC, Damen MSMA, Ulanowicz CJ, Sawada K, Oates JR, Toth A, Wayland JL, Chung H, Stankiewicz TE, Moreno-Fernandez ME, Szabo S, Zacharias WJ, Divanovic S. Obesity amplifies influenza virus-driven disease severity in male and female mice. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:843-858. [PMID: 37730122 PMCID: PMC10842771 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Influenza virus-induced respiratory pneumonia remains a major public health concern. Obesity, metabolic diseases, and female sex are viewed as independent risk factors for worsened influenza virus-induced lung disease severity. However, lack of experimental models of severe obesity in female mice limits discovery-based studies. Here, via utility of thermoneutral housing (30 °C) and high-fat diet (HFD) feeding, we induced severe obesity and metabolic disease in female C57BL/6 mice and compared their responses to severely obese male C57BL/6 counterparts during influenza virus infection. We show that lean male and female mice have similar lung edema, inflammation, and immune cell infiltration during influenza virus infection. At standard housing conditions, HFD-fed male, but not female, mice exhibit severe obesity, metabolic disease, and exacerbated influenza disease severity. However, combining thermoneutral housing and HFD feeding in female mice induces severe obesity and metabolic disease, which is sufficient to amplify influenza virus-driven disease severity to a level comparable to severely obese male counterparts. Lastly, increased total body weights of male and female mice at time of infection correlated with worsened influenza virus-driven disease severity metrics. Together, our findings confirm the impact of obesity and metabolic disease as key risk factors to influenza disease severity and present a novel mouse experimental model suitable for future mechanistic interrogation of sex, obesity, and metabolic disease traits in influenza virus-driven disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo C Alarcon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Michelle S M A Damen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Cassidy J Ulanowicz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Keisuke Sawada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jarren R Oates
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrea Toth
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jennifer L Wayland
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Hak Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Traci E Stankiewicz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Maria E Moreno-Fernandez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Sara Szabo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Division of Pathology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - William J Zacharias
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
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Al-Shalan HAM, Zhou L, Dong Z, Wang P, Nicholls PK, Boughton B, Stumbles PA, Greene WK, Ma B. Systemic perturbations in amino acids/amino acid derivatives and tryptophan pathway metabolites associated with murine influenza A virus infection. Virol J 2023; 20:270. [PMID: 37990229 PMCID: PMC10664681 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02239-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza A virus (IAV) is the only influenza virus causing flu pandemics (i.e., global epidemics of flu disease). Influenza (the flu) is a highly contagious disease that can be deadly, especially in high-risk groups. Worldwide, these annual epidemics are estimated to result in about 3 to 5 million cases of severe illness and in about 290,000 to 650,000 respiratory deaths. We intend to reveal the effect of IAV infection on the host's metabolism, immune response, and neurotoxicity by using a mouse IAV infection model. METHODS 51 metabolites of murine blood plasma (33 amino acids/amino acid derivatives (AADs) and 18 metabolites of the tryptophan pathway) were analyzed by using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry with Electrospray Ionization at the acute (7 days post-infection (dpi)), resolution (14 dpi), and recovery (21 dpi) stages of the virus infection in comparison with controls. RESULTS Among the 33 biogenic amino acids/AADs, the levels of five amino acids/AADs (1-methylhistidine, 5-oxoproline, α-aminobutyric acid, glutamine, and taurine) increased by 7 dpi, whereas the levels of ten amino acids/AADs (4-hydroxyproline, alanine, arginine, asparagine, cysteine, citrulline, glycine, methionine, proline, and tyrosine) decreased. By 14 dpi, the levels of one AAD (3-methylhistidine) increased, whereas the levels of five amino acids/AADs (α-aminobutyric acid, aminoadipic acid, methionine, threonine, valine) decreased. Among the 18 metabolites from the tryptophan pathway, the levels of kynurenine, quinolinic acid, hydroxykynurenine increased by 7 dpi, whereas the levels of indole-3-acetic acid and nicotinamide riboside decreased. CONCLUSIONS Our data may facilitate understanding the molecular mechanisms of host responses to IAV infection and provide a basis for discovering potential new mechanistic, diagnostic, and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda A M Al-Shalan
- School of Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- Department of Microbiology/Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Lu Zhou
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhifan Dong
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Penghao Wang
- School of Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Philip K Nicholls
- School of Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Berin Boughton
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Philip A Stumbles
- School of Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Wayne K Greene
- School of Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Bin Ma
- School of Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia.
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Yoshino N, Yokoyama T, Sakai H, Sugiyama I, Odagiri T, Kimura M, Hojo W, Saino T, Muraki Y. Suitability of Polymyxin B as a Mucosal Adjuvant for Intranasal Influenza and COVID-19 Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1727. [PMID: 38006059 PMCID: PMC10675063 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymyxin B (PMB) is an antibiotic that exhibits mucosal adjuvanticity for ovalbumin (OVA), which enhances the immune response in the mucosal compartments of mice. Frequent breakthrough infections of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants indicate that the IgA antibody levels elicited by the mRNA vaccines in the mucosal tissues were insufficient for the prophylaxis of this infection. It remains unknown whether PMB exhibits mucosal adjuvanticity for antigens other than OVA. This study investigated the adjuvanticity of PMB for the virus proteins, hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza A virus, and the S1 subunit and S protein of SARS-CoV-2. BALB/c mice immunized either intranasally or subcutaneously with these antigens alone or in combination with PMB were examined, and the antigen-specific antibodies were quantified. PMB substantially increased the production of antigen-specific IgA antibodies in mucosal secretions and IgG antibodies in plasma, indicating its adjuvanticity for both HA and S proteins. This study also revealed that the PMB-virus antigen complex diameter is crucial for the induction of mucosal immunity. No detrimental effects were observed on the nasal mucosa or olfactory bulb. These findings highlight the potential of PMB as a safe candidate for intranasal vaccination to induce mucosal IgA antibodies for prophylaxis against mucosally transmitted infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Yoshino
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba 028-3694, Iwate, Japan
| | - Takuya Yokoyama
- Department of Anatomy (Cell Biology), Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba 028-3694, Iwate, Japan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan
| | - Hironori Sakai
- R&D, Cellspect Co., Ltd., 2-4-23 Kitaiioka, Morioka 020-0857, Iwate, Japan
| | - Ikumi Sugiyama
- Division of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba 028-3694, Iwate, Japan
| | - Takashi Odagiri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba 028-3694, Iwate, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kimura
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba 028-3694, Iwate, Japan
| | - Wataru Hojo
- R&D, Cellspect Co., Ltd., 2-4-23 Kitaiioka, Morioka 020-0857, Iwate, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Saino
- Department of Anatomy (Cell Biology), Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba 028-3694, Iwate, Japan
| | - Yasushi Muraki
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 1-1-1 Idaidori, Yahaba 028-3694, Iwate, Japan
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Li B, Ma R, Chen L, Zhou C, Zhang YX, Wang X, Huang H, Hu Q, Zheng X, Yang J, Shao M, Hao P, Wu Y, Che Y, Li C, Qin T, Gao L, Niu Z, Li Y. Diatomic iron nanozyme with lipoxidase-like activity for efficient inactivation of enveloped virus. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7312. [PMID: 37951992 PMCID: PMC10640610 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43176-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Enveloped viruses encased within a lipid bilayer membrane are highly contagious and can cause many infectious diseases like influenza and COVID-19, thus calling for effective prevention and inactivation strategies. Here, we develop a diatomic iron nanozyme with lipoxidase-like (LOX-like) activity for the inactivation of enveloped virus. The diatomic iron sites can destruct the viral envelope via lipid peroxidation, thus displaying non-specific virucidal property. In contrast, natural LOX exhibits low antiviral performance, manifesting the advantage of nanozyme over the natural enzyme. Theoretical studies suggest that the Fe-O-Fe motif can match well the energy levels of Fe2 minority β-spin d orbitals and pentadiene moiety π* orbitals, and thus significantly lower the activation barrier of cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene moiety in the vesicle membrane. We showcase that the diatomic iron nanozyme can be incorporated into air purifier to disinfect airborne flu virus. The present strategy promises a future application in comprehensive biosecurity control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Ruonan Ma
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Chen
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, 225001, Yangzhou, China
| | - Caiyu Zhou
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Helai Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Qikun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Jiarui Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjuan Shao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 225001, Yangzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Hao
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 130000, Changchun, China
| | - Yanfen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Yizhen Che
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Li
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 130000, Changchun, China
| | - Tao Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 225001, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lizeng Gao
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
| | - Yadong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
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50
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Batta I, Kaur T, Agrawal DK. Distinguishing Swine Flu (H1N1) from COVID-19: Clinical, Virological, and Immunological Perspectives. ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY & IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 7:271-280. [PMID: 37994372 PMCID: PMC10664801 DOI: 10.26502/ami.936500125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
This article provides an in-depth examination on the differences between the influenza A strain, H1N1 (also called Swine Flu) and Covid-19 focusing on the immune response and clinical symptoms. Flu symptoms due to influenza A strain, H1N1, were initially discovered in 2009. This variant of influenza A is believed to have emerged through reassortment, a process where the resulting virus inherits gene segments from each of its parental viruses. This reassortment event has resulted in a variant with altered characteristics, potentially affecting the level of immunity in humans. The symptoms of this strain typically manifest 1-4 days after exposure and include fever, cough, sore throat, runny/stuffy nose, body aches, fatigue, and gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea. The transmission dynamics of this new variant, including human-to-human transmission, are still under investigation by health authorities. Individuals with weakened immune systems are generally more susceptible to severe illness. Risk factors associated with swine flu can include older adults, young children, pregnant women, and individuals with obesity. Historical variants of swine flu, such as the 2015 variant in India, have been associated with significant case numbers and deaths, often due to respiratory failure. Since the epidemic of Covid-19 due to SARS-CoV2 in early 2020, several symptoms of COVID-19 and swine flu overlap. In this article, we critically reviewed the differences and similarities in the immune response and clinical symptoms due to H1N1 virus and SARS-CoV2 in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Batta
- Bothell High School, Bothell, Washington, USA
| | - Tejinder Kaur
- Department of Zoology, DAV University, Jallandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA
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