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Raitamaa L, Kautto J, Tuunanen J, Helakari H, Huotari N, Järvelä M, Korhonen V, Kiviniemi V. Association of body-mass index with physiological brain pulsations across adulthood - a fast fMRI study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:1011-1018. [PMID: 38553569 PMCID: PMC11216984 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01515-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Obesity is a risk factor for several brain-related health issues, and high body-mass index (BMI) is associated with an increased risk for several neurological conditions, including cognitive decline and dementia. Cardiovascular, respiratory, and vasomotor brain pulsations have each been shown to drive intracranial cerebrovascular fluid (CSF) flow, which is linked to the brain metabolite efflux that sustains homeostasis. While these three physiological pulsations are demonstrably altered in numerous brain diseases, there is no previous investigation of the association between physiological brain pulsations and BMI. SUBJECTS/METHODS We measured the amplitudes of the physiological brain pulsations using amplitude of low frequency fluctation (ALFF) based method with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging via high temporal resolution whole-brain magnetic resonance encephalography (MREG) in 115 healthy subjects. We next undertook multiple linear regression to model the BMI effect voxel-wise whole-brain on very low frequency (VLF), respiration, cardiovascular, and respiratory induced modulation of cardiovascular pulsation amplitudes with age, pulse pressure, and gender as nuisance variables. RESULTS In our study population, BMI was positively associated with the amplitudes of vasomotor, respiratory, and respiratory induced modulations of cardiovascular pulsations (p < 0.05), while negatively associated with the amplitudes of cardiovascular pulsations (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that BMI is a significant factor in alterations of cardiovascular pulsation of neurofluids. As physiological pulsations are the drivers of CSF flow and subsequent metabolite clearance, these results emphasize the need for further research into the mechanisms through which obesity affects brain clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauri Raitamaa
- Oulu Functional NeuroImaging (OFNI), Diagnostic Imaging, Medical Research Center (MRC), Finland Oulu University Hospital, 90029, Oulu, Finland.
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology (HST), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Joona Kautto
- Oulu Functional NeuroImaging (OFNI), Diagnostic Imaging, Medical Research Center (MRC), Finland Oulu University Hospital, 90029, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology (HST), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Tuunanen
- Oulu Functional NeuroImaging (OFNI), Diagnostic Imaging, Medical Research Center (MRC), Finland Oulu University Hospital, 90029, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology (HST), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heta Helakari
- Oulu Functional NeuroImaging (OFNI), Diagnostic Imaging, Medical Research Center (MRC), Finland Oulu University Hospital, 90029, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology (HST), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Niko Huotari
- Oulu Functional NeuroImaging (OFNI), Diagnostic Imaging, Medical Research Center (MRC), Finland Oulu University Hospital, 90029, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology (HST), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Matti Järvelä
- Oulu Functional NeuroImaging (OFNI), Diagnostic Imaging, Medical Research Center (MRC), Finland Oulu University Hospital, 90029, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology (HST), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vesa Korhonen
- Oulu Functional NeuroImaging (OFNI), Diagnostic Imaging, Medical Research Center (MRC), Finland Oulu University Hospital, 90029, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology (HST), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vesa Kiviniemi
- Oulu Functional NeuroImaging (OFNI), Diagnostic Imaging, Medical Research Center (MRC), Finland Oulu University Hospital, 90029, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology (HST), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Dodd K, Legget KT, Cornier MA, Novick AM, McHugo M, Berman BD, Lawful BP, Tregellas JR. Relationship between functional connectivity and weight-gain risk of antipsychotics in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2024; 267:173-181. [PMID: 38552340 PMCID: PMC11332974 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms by which antipsychotic medications (APs) contribute to obesity in schizophrenia are not well understood. Because AP effects on functional brain connectivity may contribute to weight effects, the current study investigated how AP-associated weight-gain risk relates to functional connectivity in schizophrenia. METHODS Fifty-five individuals with schizophrenia (final N = 54) were divided into groups based on previously reported AP weight-gain risk (no APs/low risk [N = 19]; moderate risk [N = 17]; high risk [N = 18]). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was completed after an overnight fast ("fasted") and post-meal ("fed"). Correlations between AP weight-gain risk and functional connectivity were assessed at the whole-brain level and in reward- and eating-related brain regions (anterior insula, caudate, nucleus accumbens). RESULTS When fasted, greater AP weight-gain risk was associated with increased connectivity between thalamus and sensorimotor cortex (pFDR = 0.021). When fed, greater AP weight-gain risk was associated with increased connectivity between left caudate and left precentral/postcentral gyri (pFDR = 0.048) and between right caudate and multiple regions, including the left precentral/postcentral gyri (pFDR = 0.001), intracalcarine/precuneal/cuneal cortices (pFDR < 0.001), and fusiform gyrus (pFDR = 0.008). When fed, greater AP weight-gain risk was also associated with decreased connectivity between right anterior insula and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (pFDR = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS APs with higher weight-gain risk were associated with greater connectivity between reward-related regions and sensorimotor regions when fasted, perhaps relating to motor anticipation for consumption. Higher weight-gain risk APs were also associated with increased connectivity between reward, salience, and visual regions when fed, potentially reflecting greater desire for consumption following satiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Dodd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Anschutz Health Sciences Building, 1890 N Revere Ct, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, 12705 E Montview Blvd Suite 100, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kristina T Legget
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Anschutz Health Sciences Building, 1890 N Revere Ct, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Research Service, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, 1700 N Wheeling St, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Marc-Andre Cornier
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Clinical Sciences Building, CSB 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Andrew M Novick
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Anschutz Health Sciences Building, 1890 N Revere Ct, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Maureen McHugo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Anschutz Health Sciences Building, 1890 N Revere Ct, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Brian D Berman
- Department of Neurology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 E Marshall Street, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Benjamin P Lawful
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Anschutz Health Sciences Building, 1890 N Revere Ct, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jason R Tregellas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Anschutz Health Sciences Building, 1890 N Revere Ct, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Research Service, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, 1700 N Wheeling St, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Shen C, Liu C, Qiu A. Metabolism-related brain morphology accelerates aging and predicts neurodegenerative diseases and stroke: a UK Biobank study. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:233. [PMID: 37385998 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02515-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a constellation of metabolic risk factors, including obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, hypertension, and hyperglycemia, and is associated with stroke and neurodegenerative diseases. This study capitalized on brain structural images and clinical data from the UK Biobank and explored the associations of brain morphology with MetS and brain aging due to MetS. Cortical surface area, thickness, and subcortical volumes were assessed using FreeSurfer. Linear regression was used to examine associations of brain morphology with five MetS components and the MetS severity in a metabolic aging group (N = 23,676, age 62.8 ± 7.5 years). Partial least squares (PLS) were employed to predict brain age using MetS-associated brain morphology. The five MetS components and MetS severity were associated with increased cortical surface area and decreased thickness, particularly in the frontal, temporal, and sensorimotor cortex, and reduced volumes in the basal ganglia. Obesity best explained the variation of brain morphology. Moreover, participants with the most severe MetS had brain age 1-year older than those without MetS. Brain age in patients with stroke (N = 1042), dementia (N = 83), Parkinson's (N = 107), and multiple sclerosis (N = 235) was greater than that in the metabolic aging group. The obesity-related brain morphology had the leading discriminative power. Therefore, the MetS-related brain morphological model can be used for risk assessment of stroke and neurodegenerative diseases. Our findings suggested that prioritizing adjusting obesity among the five metabolic components may be more helpful for improving brain health in aging populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenye Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chaoqiang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anqi Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- NUS (Suzhou) Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Suzhou, China.
- Institute of Data Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung hom, Hong Kong.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Guo Y, Xia Y, Chen K. The body mass index is associated with increased temporal variability of functional connectivity in brain reward system. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1210726. [PMID: 37388634 PMCID: PMC10300418 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1210726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The reward system has been proven to be contributed to the vulnerability of obesity. Previous fMRI studies have shown abnormal functional connectivity of the reward system in obesity. However, most studies were based on static index such as resting-state functional connectivity (FC), ignoring the dynamic changes over time. To investigate the dynamic neural correlates of obesity susceptibility, we used a large, demographically well-characterized sample from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) to determine the relationship of body mass index (BMI) with the temporal variability of FC from integrated multilevel perspectives, i.e., regional and within- and between-network levels. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate the association between BMI and temporal variability of FC, adjusting for covariates of no interest. We found that BMI was positively associated with regional FC variability in reward regions, such as the ventral orbitofrontal cortex and visual regions. At the intra-network level, BMI was positively related to the variability of FC within the limbic network (LN) and default mode network (DMN). At the inter-network level, variability of connectivity of LN with DMN, frontoparietal, sensorimotor, and ventral attention networks showed positive correlations with BMI. These findings provided novel evidence for abnormal dynamic functional interaction between the reward network and the rest of the brain in obesity, suggesting a more unstable state and over-frequent interaction of the reward network and other attention and cognitive networks. These findings, thus, provide novel insight into obesity interventions that need to decrease the dynamic interaction between reward networks and other brain networks through behavioral treatment and neural modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Guo
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
- Research Center of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxiao Xia
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Chen
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
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Kilpatrick LA, An HM, Pawar S, Sood R, Gupta A. Neuroimaging Investigations of Obesity: a Review of the Treatment of Sex from 2010. Curr Obes Rep 2023; 12:163-174. [PMID: 36933153 PMCID: PMC10250271 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-023-00498-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize the results of adult obesity neuroimaging studies (structural, resting-state, task-based, diffusion tensor imaging) published from 2010, with a focus on the treatment of sex as an important biological variable in the analysis, and identify gaps in sex difference research. RECENT FINDINGS Neuroimaging studies have shown obesity-related changes in brain structure, function, and connectivity. However, relevant factors such as sex are often not considered. We conducted a systematic review and keyword co-occurrence analysis. Literature searches identified 6281 articles, of which 199 met inclusion criteria. Among these, only 26 (13%) considered sex as an important variable in the analysis, directly comparing the sexes (n = 10; 5%) or providing single-sex/disaggregated data (n = 16, 8%); the remaining studies controlled for sex (n = 120, 60%) or did not consider sex in the analysis (n = 53, 27%). Synthesizing sex-based results, obesity-related parameters (e.g., body mass index, waist circumference, obese status) may be generally associated with more robust morphological alterations in men and more robust structural connectivity alterations in women. Additionally, women with obesity generally expressed increased reactivity in affect-related regions, while men with obesity generally expressed increased reactivity in motor-related regions; this was especially true under a fed state. The keyword co-occurrence analysis indicated that sex difference research was especially lacking in intervention studies. Thus, although sex differences in the brain associated with obesity are known to exist, a large proportion of the literature informing the research and treatment strategies of today has not specifically examined sex effects, which is needed to optimize treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Kilpatrick
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Hyeon Min An
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Shrey Pawar
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Riya Sood
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Arpana Gupta
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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Brain functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging of obesity and weight loss interventions. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:1466-1479. [PMID: 36918706 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02025-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has tripled over the past 40 years to become a major public health issue, as it is linked with increased mortality and elevated risk for various physical and neuropsychiatric illnesses. Accumulating evidence from neuroimaging studies suggests that obesity negatively affects brain function and structure, especially within fronto-mesolimbic circuitry. Obese individuals show abnormal neural responses to food cues, taste and smell, resting-state activity and functional connectivity, and cognitive tasks including decision-making, inhibitory-control, learning/memory, and attention. In addition, obesity is associated with altered cortical morphometry, a lowered gray/white matter volume, and impaired white matter integrity. Various interventions and treatments including bariatric surgery, the most effective treatment for obesity in clinical practice, as well as dietary, exercise, pharmacological, and neuromodulation interventions such as transcranial direct current stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation and neurofeedback have been employed and achieved promising outcomes. These interventions and treatments appear to normalize hyper- and hypoactivations of brain regions involved with reward processing, food-intake control, and cognitive function, and also promote recovery of brain structural abnormalities. This paper provides a comprehensive literature review of the recent neuroimaging advances on the underlying neural mechanisms of both obesity and interventions, in the hope of guiding development of novel and effective treatments.
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Dischinger U, Kötzner L, Kovatcheva-Datchary P, Kleinschmidt H, Haas C, Perez J, Presek C, Koschker AC, Miras AD, Hankir MK, Vogel J, Germer CT, Fassnacht M, Herrmann MJ, Seyfried F. Hypothalamic integrity is necessary for sustained weight loss after bariatric surgery: A prospective, cross-sectional study. Metabolism 2023; 138:155341. [PMID: 36341838 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The hypothalamus is the main integrator of peripheral and central signals in the control of energy homeostasis. Its functional relevance for the effectivity of bariatric surgery is not entirely elucidated. Studying the effects of bariatric surgery in patients with hypothalamic damage might provide insight. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA Prospective study to analyze the effects of bariatric surgery in patients with hypothalamic obesity (HO) vs. matched patients with common obesity (CO) with and without bariatric surgery. METHODS 65 participants were included (HO-surgery: n = 8, HO-control: n = 10, CO-surgery: n = 12, CO-control: n = 12, Lean-control: n = 23). Body weight, levels of anorexic hormones, gut microbiota, as well as subjective well-being/health status, eating behavior, and brain activity (via functional MRI) were evaluated. RESULTS Patients with HO lost significantly less weight after bariatric surgery than CO-participants (total body weight loss %: 5.5 % vs. 26.2 %, p = 0.0004). After a mixed meal, satiety and abdominal fullness tended to be lowest in HO-surgery and did not correlate with levels of GLP-1 or PYY. Levels of PYY (11,151 ± 1667 pmol/l/h vs. 8099 ± 1235 pmol/l/h, p = 0.028) and GLP-1 (20,975 ± 2893 pmol/l/h vs. 13,060 ± 2357 pmol/l/h, p = 0.009) were significantly higher in the HO-surgery vs. CO-surgery group. Abundance of Enterobacteriaceae and Streptococcus was increased in feces of HO and CO after bariatric surgery. Comparing HO patients with lean-controls revealed an increased activation in insula and cerebellum to viewing high-caloric foods in left insula and cerebellum in fMRI. CONCLUSIONS Hypothalamic integrity is necessary for the effectiveness of bariatric surgery in humans. Peripheral changes after bariatric surgery are not sufficient to induce satiety and long-term weight loss in patients with hypothalamic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Dischinger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Laura Kötzner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Helena Kleinschmidt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christina Haas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jose Perez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cornelius Presek
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ann-Cathrin Koschker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander D Miras
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed K Hankir
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Vogel
- Institute of Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph-Thomas Germer
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin J Herrmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Seyfried
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany
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Wen HJ, Liu SH, Tsai CL. Effects of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise combined with resistance training on neurocognitive performance in obese women. J Exerc Sci Fit 2022; 20:291-304. [PMID: 35892114 PMCID: PMC9287612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives To the best of our knowledge, there have been no previous studies conducted on the long-term effects of an exercise intervention on deficits in inhibitory control in obese individuals. The aim of this study was thus to examine the effect of 12 weeks of a combination of aerobic and resistance exercise on behavioral and cognitive electrophysiological performance involving cognitive interference inhibition in obese individuals. Methods Thirty-two qualified healthy obese women were randomly divided into either an exercise group (EG, age: 34.76 ± 5.52 years old; BMI: 29.35 ± 3.52 kg/m2) or a control group (CG, age: 33.84 ± 7.05 years old; BMI: 29.61 ± 4.31 kg/m2). All participants performed the Stroop task, with electrophysiological signals being collected simultaneously before and after a 12-week intervention. The estimated V̇O2max, muscular strength, and body fat percentage (measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) were also assessed within one week before and after the intervention. Participants in the EG group engaged in 30 min of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise combined with resistance exercise, 5 sessions per week for 12 weeks, while the participants in the CG group maintained their regular lifestyle without engaging in any type of exercise. Results The results revealed that although a 12-week exercise intervention did not enhance the behavioral indices [e.g., accuracy rates (ARs) and reaction times (RTs)] in the EG group, significantly shorter N2 and P3 latencies and greater P2 and P3 amplitudes were observed. Furthermore, the fat percentage distribution (e.g. total body fat %, trunk fat %, and leg fat %) and level of physical fitness (e.g. estimated V̇O2max and muscular strength) in the EG group were significantly improved. The changes prior to and after the intervention in the P3 amplitude and trunk fat percentage were significantly negatively correlated in the EG group (r = -0.521, p = 0.039). Conclusions These findings suggested that 12 weeks of aerobic exercise combined with resistance exercise in obese women affects cognitive function broadly, but not specifically in terms of inhibitory control. The percentage of decreased trunk fat may play a potential facilitating role in inhibition processing in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Jhen Wen
- Physical Education Center, College of Education and Communication, Tzu Chi University, 97004, Hualien, Taiwan
- Sports Medicine Center, Tzu Chi Hospital, 97004, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hsin Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Science, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan. Sports Medicine Center, Tzu Chi Hospital, 97004, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Tsai
- Institution of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, 70101, Tainan, Taiwan
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Parsons N, Steward T, Clohesy R, Almgren H, Duehlmeyer L. A systematic review of resting-state functional connectivity in obesity: Refining current neurobiological frameworks and methodological considerations moving forward. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:861-879. [PMID: 34159504 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-021-09665-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is the second most common cause of preventable morbidity worldwide. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been used extensively to characterise altered communication between brain regions in individuals with obesity, though findings from this research have not yet been systematically evaluated within the context of prominent neurobiological frameworks. This systematic review aggregated resting-state fMRI findings in individuals with obesity and evaluated the contribution of these findings to current neurobiological models. Findings were considered in relation to a triadic model of problematic eating, outlining disrupted communication between reward, inhibitory, and homeostatic systems. We identified a pattern of consistently increased orbitofrontal and decreased insula cortex resting-state functional connectivity in individuals with obesity in comparison to healthy weight controls. BOLD signal amplitude was also increased in people with obesity across studies, predominantly confined to subcortical regions, including the hippocampus, amygdala, and putamen. We posit that altered orbitofrontal cortex connectivity may be indicative of a shift in the valuation of food-based rewards and that dysfunctional insula connectivity likely contributes to altered homeostatic signal processing. Homeostatic violation signals in obesity may be maintained despite satiety, thereby 'hijacking' the executive system and promoting further food intake. Moving forward, we provide a roadmap for more reliable resting-state and task-based functional connectivity experiments, which must be reconciled within a common framework if we are to uncover the interplay between psychological and biological factors within current theoretical frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Parsons
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, VIC, Australia
| | - Trevor Steward
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca Clohesy
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, VIC, Australia
| | - Hannes Almgren
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Data Analysis, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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10
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Grigorian A, Kennedy KG, Luciw NJ, MacIntosh BJ, Goldstein BI. Obesity and Cerebral Blood Flow in the Reward Circuitry of Youth With Bipolar Disorder. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2022; 25:448-456. [PMID: 35092432 PMCID: PMC9211014 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyac011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with elevated body mass index (BMI) and increased rates of obesity. Obesity among individuals with BD is associated with more severe course of illness. Motivated by previous research on BD and BMI in youth as well as brain findings in the reward circuit, the current study investigates differences in cerebral blood flow (CBF) in youth BD with and without comorbid overweight/obesity (OW/OB). METHODS Participants consisted of youth, ages 13-20 years, including BD with OW/OB (BDOW/OB; n = 25), BD with normal weight (BDNW; n = 55), and normal-weight healthy controls (HC; n = 61). High-resolution T1-weighted and pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling images were acquired using 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging. CBF differences were assessed using both region of interest and whole-brain voxel-wise approaches. RESULTS Voxel-wise analysis revealed significantly higher CBF in reward-associated regions in the BDNW group relative to the HC and BDOW/OB groups. CBF did not differ between the HC and BDOW/OB groups. There were no significant region of interest findings. CONCLUSIONS The current study identified distinct CBF levels relating to BMI in BD in the reward circuit, which may relate to underlying differences in cerebral metabolism, compensatory effects, and/or BD severity. Future neuroimaging studies are warranted to examine for changes in the CBF-OW/OB link over time and in relation to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahit Grigorian
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Department of Child and Youth Psychiatry, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kody G Kennedy
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Department of Child and Youth Psychiatry, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicholas J Luciw
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bradley J MacIntosh
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Hurvitz Brain Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin I Goldstein
- Correspondence: Benjamin I. Goldstein, MD, PhD, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, Canada, M6J 1H4 ()
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11
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Ely AV, Jagannathan K, Spilka N, Keyser H, Rao H, Franklin TR, Wetherill RR. Exploration of the influence of body mass index on intra-network resting-state connectivity in chronic cigarette smokers. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 227:108911. [PMID: 34364193 PMCID: PMC8464487 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and cigarette smoking are two leading preventable causes of death. Previous research suggests that comorbid smoking and obesity likely share neurobehavioral underpinnings; however, the influence of body mass index (BMI) on resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in smokers remains unknown. In this study, we explore how BMI affects rsFC and associations between rsFC and smoking-related behavior. METHODS Treatment-seeking cigarette smokers (N = 87; 54 % men) completed a BOLD resting-state fMRI scan session. We grouped smokers into BMI groups (N = 23 with obesity, N = 33 with overweight, N = 31 lean) and used independent components analysis (ICA) to identify the resting state networks commonly associated with cigarette smoking: salience network (SN), right and left executive control networks (ECN) and default mode network (DMN). Average rsFC values were extracted (p < 0.001, k = 100) to determine group differences in rsFC and relationship to self-reported smoking and dependence. RESULTS Analyses revealed a significant relationship between BMI and connectivity in the SN and a significant quadratic effect of BMI on DMN connectivity. Heavier smoking was related to greater rsFC in the SN among lean and obese groups but reduced rsFC in the overweight group. CONCLUSIONS Findings build on research suggesting an influence of BMI on the neurobiology of smokers. In particular, dysfunction of SN-DMN-ECN circuitry in smokers with overweight may lead to a failure to modulate attention and behavior and subsequent difficulty quitting smoking. Future research is needed to elucidate the mechanism underlying the interaction of BMI and smoking and its impact on treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice V. Ely
- Corresponding authors: University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, 3535 Market St Suite 500, Philadelphia PA 19104, ,
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Reagan R. Wetherill
- Corresponding authors: University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, 3535 Market St Suite 500, Philadelphia PA 19104, ,
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12
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Heinrichs HS, Beyer F, Medawar E, Prehn K, Ordemann J, Flöel A, Witte AV. Effects of bariatric surgery on functional connectivity of the reward and default mode network: A pre-registered analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:5357-5373. [PMID: 34432350 PMCID: PMC8519880 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity imposes serious health risks and involves alterations in resting‐state functional connectivity of brain networks involved in eating behavior. Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment, but its effects on functional connectivity are still under debate. In this pre‐registered study, we aimed to determine the effects of bariatric surgery on major resting‐state brain networks (reward and default mode network) in a longitudinal controlled design. Thirty‐three bariatric surgery patients and 15 obese waiting‐list control patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging at baseline, after 6 and 12 months. We conducted a pre‐registered whole‐brain time‐by‐group interaction analysis, and a time‐by‐group interaction analysis on within‐network connectivity. In exploratory analyses, we investigated the effects of weight loss and head motion. Bariatric surgery compared to waiting did not significantly affect functional connectivity of the reward network and the default mode network (FWE‐corrected p > .05), neither whole‐brain nor within‐network. In exploratory analyses, surgery‐related BMI decrease (FWE‐corrected p = .041) and higher average head motion (FWE‐corrected p = .021) resulted in significantly stronger connectivity of the reward network with medial posterior frontal regions. This pre‐registered well‐controlled study did not support a strong effect of bariatric surgery, compared to waiting, on major resting‐state brain networks after 6 months. Exploratory analyses indicated that head motion might have confounded the effects. Data pooling and more rigorous control of within‐scanner head motion during data acquisition are needed to substantiate effects of bariatric surgery on brain organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah S Heinrichs
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Frauke Beyer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,CRC 1052 "Obesity Mechanisms", Subproject A1, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Evelyn Medawar
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristin Prehn
- Department of Neurology & NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychology, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Ordemann
- Center for Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Center for Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, Vivantes Clinic Spandau, Berlin, Germany
| | - Agnes Flöel
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Veronica Witte
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,CRC 1052 "Obesity Mechanisms", Subproject A1, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
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13
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Electroacupuncture enhances resting-state functional connectivity between dorsal caudate and precuneus and decreases associated leptin levels in overweight/obese subjects. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 16:445-454. [PMID: 34415492 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00519-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Electroacupuncture (EA) is a safe and effective method for treating obesity. However, how it modulates reward-related brain activity/functional connectivity and gut hormones remains unclear. We employed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) to investigate EA induced changes in resting-state activity and RSFC in reward-related regions and its association with gut hormones in overweight/obese subjects who received real (n = 20) and Sham (n = 15) stimulation. Results showed reduced leptin levels was positively correlated with reduced body mass index (BMI) and negatively correlated with increased cognitive-control as measured with Three-Factor-Eating-Questionnaire (TFEQ). Significant time effects on RSFC between dorsal caudate (DC) and precuneus were due to significant increased RSFC strength in both EA and Sham groups. In addition, increased RSFC of DC-precuneus was negatively correlated with reduced BMI and leptin levels in the EA group. Mediation analysis showed that the relationship between increased DC-precuneus RSFC strength and reduced BMI was mediated by reduced leptin levels. These findings reflect the association between EA-induced brain reward-related RSFC and leptin levels, and decreased leptin levels mediated altered DC-precuneus RSFC strength and consequent weight-loss, suggesting the potential role of EA in reducing weight and appetite.
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14
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Stern SA, Azevedo EP, Pomeranz LE, Doerig KR, Ivan VJ, Friedman JM. Top-down control of conditioned overconsumption is mediated by insular cortex Nos1 neurons. Cell Metab 2021; 33:1418-1432.e6. [PMID: 33761312 PMCID: PMC8628615 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Associative learning allows animals to adapt their behavior in response to environmental cues. For example, sensory cues associated with food availability can trigger overconsumption even in sated animals. However, the neural mechanisms mediating cue-driven non-homeostatic feeding are poorly understood. To study this, we recently developed a behavioral task in which contextual cues increase feeding even in sated mice. Here, we show that an insular cortex to central amygdala circuit is necessary for conditioned overconsumption, but not for homeostatic feeding. This projection is marked by a population of glutamatergic nitric oxide synthase-1 (Nos1)-expressing neurons, which are specifically active during feeding bouts. Finally, we show that activation of insular cortex Nos1 neurons suppresses satiety signals in the central amygdala. The data, thus, indicate that the insular cortex provides top-down control of homeostatic circuits to promote overconsumption in response to learned cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Stern
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Estefania P Azevedo
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lisa E Pomeranz
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Katherine R Doerig
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Violet J Ivan
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Friedman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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15
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Ravichandran S, Bhatt RR, Pandit B, Osadchiy V, Alaverdyan A, Vora P, Stains J, Naliboff B, Mayer EA, Gupta A. Alterations in reward network functional connectivity are associated with increased food addiction in obese individuals. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3386. [PMID: 33564081 PMCID: PMC7873272 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83116-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional neuroimaging studies in obesity have identified alterations in the connectivity within the reward network leading to decreased homeostatic control of ingestive behavior. However, the neural mechanisms underlying sex differences in the prevalence of food addiction in obesity is unknown. The aim of the study was to identify functional connectivity alterations associated with: (1) Food addiction, (2) Sex- differences in food addiction, (3) Ingestive behaviors. 150 participants (females: N = 103, males: N = 47; food addiction: N = 40, no food addiction: N = 110) with high BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 underwent functional resting state MRIs. Participants were administered the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), to determine diagnostic criteria for food addiction (YFAS Symptom Count ≥ 3 with clinically significant impairment or distress), and completed ingestive behavior questionnaires. Connectivity differences were analyzed using a general linear model in the CONN Toolbox and images were segmented using the Schaefer 400, Harvard-Oxford Subcortical, and Ascending Arousal Network atlases. Significant connectivities and clinical variables were correlated. Statistical significance was corrected for multiple comparisons at q < .05. (1) Individuals with food addiction had greater connectivity between brainstem regions and the orbital frontal gyrus compared to individuals with no food addiction. (2) Females with food addiction had greater connectivity in the salience and emotional regulation networks and lowered connectivity between the default mode network and central executive network compared to males with food addiction. (3) Increased connectivity between regions of the reward network was positively associated with scores on the General Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait, indicative of greater food cravings in individuals with food addiction. Individuals with food addiction showed greater connectivity between regions of the reward network suggesting dysregulation of the dopaminergic pathway. Additionally, greater connectivity in the locus coeruleus could indicate that the maladaptive food behaviors displayed by individuals with food addiction serve as a coping mechanism in response to pathological anxiety and stress. Sex differences in functional connectivity suggest that females with food addiction engage more in emotional overeating and less cognitive control and homeostatic processing compared to males. These mechanistic pathways may have clinical implications for understanding the sex-dependent variability in response to diet interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Ravichandran
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, CHS 42-210 MC737818, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Ravi R Bhatt
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, CHS 42-210 MC737818, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, USA
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Bilal Pandit
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, CHS 42-210 MC737818, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Vadim Osadchiy
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, CHS 42-210 MC737818, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine At UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Anita Alaverdyan
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, CHS 42-210 MC737818, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Priten Vora
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, CHS 42-210 MC737818, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Jean Stains
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, CHS 42-210 MC737818, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine At UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Bruce Naliboff
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, CHS 42-210 MC737818, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine At UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Los Angeles, USA
- UCLA Microbiome Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Emeran A Mayer
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, CHS 42-210 MC737818, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine At UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Los Angeles, USA
- UCLA Microbiome Center, Los Angeles, USA
- Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, USA
| | - Arpana Gupta
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, CHS 42-210 MC737818, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, USA.
- David Geffen School of Medicine At UCLA, Los Angeles, USA.
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Los Angeles, USA.
- UCLA Microbiome Center, Los Angeles, USA.
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16
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Legget KT, Wylie KP, Cornier MA, Berman BD, Tregellas JR. Altered between-network connectivity in individuals prone to obesity. Physiol Behav 2021; 229:113242. [PMID: 33157075 PMCID: PMC7775284 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigating intrinsic brain functional connectivity may help identify the neurobiology underlying cognitive patterns and biases contributing to obesity propensity. To address this, the current study used a novel whole-brain, data-driven approach to examine functional connectivity differences in large-scale network interactions between obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) individuals. METHODS OR (N = 24) and OP (N = 25) adults completed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during rest. Large-scale brain networks were identified using independent component analysis (ICA). Voxel-specific between-network connectivity analysis assessed correlations between ICA component time series' and individual voxel time series, identifying regions strongly connected to many networks, i.e., "hubs". RESULTS Significant group differences in between-network connectivity (OP vs. OR; FDR-corrected) were observed in bilateral basal ganglia (left: q = 0.009; right: q = 0.010) and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC; q = 0.026), with OP>OR. Basal ganglia differences were largely driven by a more strongly negative correlation with a lateral sensorimotor network in OP, with dlPFC differences driven by a more strongly negative correlation with an inferior visual network in OP. CONCLUSIONS Greater between-network connectivity was observed in the basal ganglia and dlPFC in OP, driven by stronger associations with lateral sensorimotor and inferior visual networks, respectively. This may reflect a disrupted balance between goal-directed and habitual control systems and between internal/external monitoring processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina T Legget
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Research Service, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, United States.
| | - Korey P Wylie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Marc-Andre Cornier
- Research Service, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, United States; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Brian D Berman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Neurology Section, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Jason R Tregellas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Research Service, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, United States
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17
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Wingrove JO, O'Daly O, Forbes B, Swedrowska M, Amiel SA, Zelaya FO. Intranasal insulin administration decreases cerebral blood flow in cortico-limbic regions: A neuropharmacological imaging study in normal and overweight males. Diabetes Obes Metab 2021; 23:175-185. [PMID: 33026175 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess and compare the effects of 160 IU intranasal insulin (IN-INS) administration on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in healthy male individuals with normal weight and overweight phenotypes. METHODS Thirty young male participants (mean age 25.9 years) were recruited and stratified into two cohorts based on body mass index: normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m2 ) and overweight (25.0-29.9 kg/m2 ). On separate mornings participants received 160 IU of IN-INS using an intranasal protocol and intranasal placebo as part of a double-blind crossover design. Thirty minutes following administration rCBF data were collected using a magnetic resonance imaging method called pseudocontinuous arterial spin labelling. Blood samples were collected to assess insulin sensitivity and changes over time in peripheral glucose, insulin and C-peptide. RESULTS Insulin sensitivity did not significantly differ between groups. Compared with placebo, IN-INS administration reduced rCBF in parts of the hippocampus, insula, putamen, parahippocampal gyrus and fusiform gyrus in the overweight group. No effect was seen in the normal weight group. Insula rCBF was greater in the overweight group versus normal weight only under placebo conditions. Peripheral glucose and insulin levels were not affected by IN-INS. C-peptide levels in the normal weight group decreased significantly over time following IN-INS administration but not placebo. CONCLUSION Insulin-induced changes within key regions of the brain involved in gustation, memory and reward were observed in overweight healthy male individuals. Following placebo administration, differences in gustatory rCBF were observed between overweight and normal weight healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jed O Wingrove
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Centre for Obesity Research, University College London, London, UK
- Diabetes Research Group, King's College Hospital Campus, Weston Education Central, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Owen O'Daly
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ben Forbes
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Magda Swedrowska
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Stephanie A Amiel
- Diabetes Research Group, King's College Hospital Campus, Weston Education Central, King's College London, London, UK
- Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, King's Health Partners, London, UK
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18
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Zhang P, Liu Y, Yu FX, Wu GW, Li MY, Wang Z, Ding HY, Wang LX, Zhao KX, Zhang ZY, Zhao PF, Li J, Yang ZH, Lv H, Zhang ZT, Wang ZC. Hierarchical integrated processing of reward-related regions in obese males: A graph-theoretical-based study. Appetite 2020; 159:105055. [PMID: 33248191 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.105055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal activities in reward-related regions are associated with overeating or obesity. Preliminary studies have shown that changes in neural activity in obesity include not only regional reward regions abnormalities but also impairments in the communication between reward-related regions and multiple functional areas. A recent study has shown that the transitions between different neural networks are nonrandom and hierarchical, and that activation of particular brain networks is more likely to occur after other brain networks. The aims of this study were to investigate the key nodes of reward-related regions in obese males and explore the hierarchical integrated processing of key nodes. Twenty-four obese males and 24 normal-weight male controls of similar ages were recruited. The fMRI data were acquired using 3.0 T MRI. The fMRI data preprocessing was performed in DPABI and SPM 12. Degree centrality analyses were conducted using GRETNA toolkit, and Granger causality analyses were calculated using DynamicBC toolbox. Decreased degree centrality was observed in left ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and right parahippocampal/hippocampal gyrus in group with obesity. The group with obesity demonstrated increased effective connectivity between left vmPFC and several regions (left inferior temporal gyrus, left supplementary motor area, right insular cortex, right postcentral gyrus, right paracentral lobule and bilateral fusiform gyrus). Increased effective connectivity was observed between right parahippocampal/hippocampal gyrus and left precentral/postcentral gyrus. Decreased effective connectivity was found between right parahippocampal/hippocampal gyrus and left inferior parietal lobule. This study identified the features of hierarchical interactions between the key reward nodes and multiple function networks. These findings may provide more evidence for the existing view of hierarchical organization in reward processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Feng-Xia Yu
- Medical Imaging Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Guo-Wei Wu
- School of Language Science and Art, Jiang Su Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Meng-Yi Li
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - He-Yu Ding
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Li-Xue Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Kai-Xin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Peng-Fei Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zheng-Han Yang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Han Lv
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Zhong-Tao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Zhen-Chang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
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19
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Kim AY, Shim JH, Choi HJ, Baek HM. Comparison of volumetric and shape changes of subcortical structures based on 3-dimensional image between obesity and normal-weighted subjects using 3.0 T MRI. J Clin Neurosci 2020; 73:280-287. [PMID: 31992512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The morphological changes of the brain, particularly in the integrity of white and gray matter and the cortical thickness of brain, have been investigated extensively in obese patients. While there has been a growing amount of evidence indicating that subcortical structures are associated with obesity, studies on the volume of subregional level including shape alterations using high-field MRI are very sparse. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the volumes of 14 subcortical structures (bilateral thalamus, caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens) in obese and normal-weighted subjects using 3T MRI for high resolution imaging. Fifty-four volunteers, 27 obesity (age = 23.15 ± 3.22, body mass index (BMI) = 30.12 ± 3.77) and 27 normal weighted controls (age = 26.1 ± 5.78, BMI = 21.76 ± 1.74) participated in the study. Through volumetric analysis, we found that the obese subjects had enlarged bilateral thalamus, putamen, pallidus and hippocampus, reduced bilateral caudate in obese groups in comparison to normal-weighted groups. Furthermore, we found that the medial-dorsal part of bilateral caudate significantly shrank while the lateral-dorsal part of bilateral thalamus significantly increased through vertex-based analysis (p < 0.05). Thus, based on our evidence, we suggest that subcortical structures are associated with feeding behavior and sensory function in obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Yoon Kim
- Department of Health Science and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuk Shim
- Department of Health Science and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hyung Jin Choi
- Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Man Baek
- Department of Health Science and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, South Korea; Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon Universtiy, South Korea.
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20
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Kerem L, Hadjikhani N, Holsen L, Lawson EA, Plessow F. Oxytocin reduces the functional connectivity between brain regions involved in eating behavior in men with overweight and obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2019; 44:980-989. [PMID: 31740723 PMCID: PMC7192759 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-019-0489-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Oxytocin (OXT), shown to decrease food intake in animal models and men, is a promising novel treatment for obesity. We have shown that in men with overweight and obesity, intranasal (IN) OXT reduced the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) blood oxygenation level-dependent signal in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), the origin of the mesolimbic dopaminergic reward system, in response to high-calorie food vs. non-food images. Here, we employed functional connectivity fMRI analysis, which measures the synchrony in activation between neural systems in a context-dependent manner. We hypothesized that OXT would attenuate the functional connectivity of the VTA with key food motivation brain areas only when participants viewed high-calorie food stimuli. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study of 24 IU IN OXT included 10 men with overweight or obesity (mean±SEM BMI: 28.9±0.8 kg/m2). Following drug administration, subjects completed an fMRI food motivation paradigm including images of high and low-calorie foods, non-food objects, and fixation stimuli. A psychophysiological interaction analysis was performed with the VTA as seed region. Results: Following OXT administration, compared with placebo, participants exhibited significantly attenuated functional connectivity between the VTA and the insula, oral somatosensory cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, operculum, and middle temporal gyrus in response to viewing high-calorie foods (Z≥3.1, cluster-corrected, p<0.05). There was no difference in functional connectivity between VTA and these brain areas when comparing OXT and placebo for low-calorie food, non-food, and fixation images. Conclusion: In men with overweight and obesity, OXT attenuates the functional connectivity between the VTA and food motivation brain regions in response to high-calorie visual food images. These findings could partially explain the observed anorexigenic effect of OXT, providing insight into the mechanism through which OXT ameliorates food cue-induced reward anticipation in patients with obesity. Additional studies are ongoing to further delineate the anorexigenic effect of OXT in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Kerem
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nouchine Hadjikhani
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Laura Holsen
- Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Lawson
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Franziska Plessow
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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21
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Sala A, Malpetti M, Ferrulli A, Gianolli L, Luzi L, Perani D. High body mass index, brain metabolism and connectivity: an unfavorable effect in elderly females. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:8573-8586. [PMID: 31600734 PMCID: PMC6814611 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
There are reported gender differences in brain connectivity associated with obesity. In the elderlies, the neural endophenotypes of obesity are yet to be elucidated. We aim at exploring the brain metabolic and connectivity correlates to different BMI levels in elderly individuals, taking into account gender as variable of interest.We evaluated the association between BMI, brain metabolism and connectivity, in elderly females and males, by retrospectively collecting a large cohort of healthy elderly subjects (N=222; age=74.03±5.88 [61.2-85.9] years; M/F=115/107; BMI=27.00±4.02 [19.21-38.79] kg/m2). Subjects underwent positron emission tomography with [18F]FDG. We found that, in females, high BMI was associated with increased brain metabolism in the orbitofrontal cortex (R=0.44; p<0.001). A significant BMI-by-gender interaction was present (F=7.024, p=0.009). We also revealed an altered connectivity seeding from these orbitofrontal regions, namely expressing as a decreased connectivity in crucial control/decision making circuits, and as an abnormally elevated connectivity in reward circuits, only in females. Our findings support a link between high BMI and altered brain metabolism and neural connectivity, only in elderly females. These findings indicate a strong gender effect of high BMI and obesity that brings to considerations for medical practice and health policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Sala
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- In vivo Human Molecular and Structural Neuroimaging Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maura Malpetti
- In vivo Human Molecular and Structural Neuroimaging Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Ferrulli
- Metabolism Research Center and Endocrinology and Metabolism Division, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Gianolli
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Livio Luzi
- Metabolism Research Center and Endocrinology and Metabolism Division, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Perani
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- In vivo Human Molecular and Structural Neuroimaging Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
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22
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Al-Zubaidi A, Heldmann M, Mertins A, Brabant G, Nolde JM, Jauch-Chara K, Münte TF. Impact of Hunger, Satiety, and Oral Glucose on the Association Between Insulin and Resting-State Human Brain Activity. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:162. [PMID: 31178708 PMCID: PMC6544009 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the interplay of metabolic state (hungry vs. satiated) and glucose administration (including hormonal modulation) on brain function, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and blood samples were obtained in 24 healthy normal-weight men in a repeated measurement design. Participants were measured twice: once after a 36 h fast (except water) and once under satiation (three meals/day for 36 h). During each session, rs-fMRI and hormone concentrations were recorded before and after a 75 g oral dose of glucose. We calculated the amplitude map from blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signals by using the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) approach for each volunteer per condition. Using multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA) the interdependence of brain activity, plasma insulin and blood glucose was investigated. We observed a modulatory impact of fasting state on intrinsic brain activity in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). Strikingly, differences in plasma insulin levels between hunger and satiety states after glucose administration at the time of the scan were negatively related to brain activity in the posterior insula and superior frontal gyrus (SFG), while plasma glucose levels were positively associated with activity changes in the fusiform gyrus. Furthermore, we could show that changes in plasma insulin enhanced the connectivity between the posterior insula and SFG. Our results indicate that hormonal signals like insulin alleviate an acute hemostatic energy deficit by modifying the homeostatic and frontal circuitry of the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcus Heldmann
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Psychology II, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alfred Mertins
- Institute for Signal Processing, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Georg Brabant
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Kamila Jauch-Chara
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas F. Münte
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Psychology II, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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23
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Zhang P, Liu Y, Lv H, Li MY, Yu FX, Wang Z, Ding HY, Wang LX, Zhao KX, Zhang ZY, Zhao PF, Li J, Yang ZH, Zhang ZT, Wang ZC. Integration of Neural Reward Processing and Appetite-Related Signaling in Obese Females: Evidence From Resting-State fMRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 50:541-551. [PMID: 30653786 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of Radiology; Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of General Surgery; Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases; Beijing China
| | - Han Lv
- Department of Radiology; Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - Meng-yi Li
- Department of General Surgery; Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases; Beijing China
| | - Feng-xia Yu
- Medical Imaging Center; Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Radiology; Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - He-yu Ding
- Department of Radiology; Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - Li-xue Wang
- Department of General Surgery; Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases; Beijing China
| | - Kai-xin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery; Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases; Beijing China
| | - Zheng-yu Zhang
- Department of Radiology; Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - Peng-fei Zhao
- Department of Radiology; Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Radiology; Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - Zheng-han Yang
- Department of Radiology; Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - Zhong-tao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery; Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases; Beijing China
| | - Zhen-chang Wang
- Department of Radiology; Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Beijing China
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24
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Decreased resting-state BOLD regional homogeneity and the intrinsic functional connectivity within dorsal striatum is associated with greater impulsivity in food-related decision-making and BMI change at 6-month follow up. Appetite 2018; 127:69-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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25
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Gupta A, Mayer EA, Labus JS, Bhatt RR, Ju T, Love A, Bal A, Tillisch K, Naliboff B, Sanmiguel CP, Kilpatrick LA. Sex Commonalities and Differences in Obesity-Related Alterations in Intrinsic Brain Activity and Connectivity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:340-350. [PMID: 29280306 PMCID: PMC5783781 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to characterize obesity-related sex differences in the intrinsic activity and connectivity of the brain's reward networks. METHODS Eighty-six women (n = 43) and men (n = 43) completed a 10-minute resting functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. Sex differences and commonalities in BMI-related frequency power distribution and reward seed-based connectivity were investigated by using partial least squares analysis. RESULTS For whole-brain activity in both men and women, increased BMI was associated with increased slow-5 activity in the left globus pallidus (GP) and substantia nigra. In women only, increased BMI was associated with increased slow-4 activity in the right GP and bilateral putamen. For seed-based connectivity in women, increased BMI was associated with reduced slow-5 connectivity between the left GP and putamen and the emotion and cortical regulation regions, but in men, increased BMI was associated with increased connectivity with the medial frontal cortex. In both men and women, increased BMI was associated with increased slow-4 connectivity between the right GP and bilateral putamen and the emotion regulation and sensorimotor-related regions. CONCLUSIONS The stronger relationship between increased BMI and decreased connectivity of core reward network components with cortical and emotion regulation regions in women may be related to the greater prevalence of emotional eating. The present findings suggest the importance of personalized treatments for obesity that consider the sex of the affected individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Gupta
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukin Division of Digestive Diseases, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
| | - Emeran A. Mayer
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukin Division of Digestive Diseases, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
- Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
| | - Jennifer S. Labus
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukin Division of Digestive Diseases, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
| | - Ravi R. Bhatt
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
- Pediatric Pain and Palliative Care Program at UCLA
| | - Tiffany Ju
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
| | - Aubrey Love
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
| | - Amanat Bal
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
| | - Kirsten Tillisch
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukin Division of Digestive Diseases, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
- Pediatric Pain and Palliative Care Program at UCLA
| | - Bruce Naliboff
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukin Division of Digestive Diseases, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
| | - Claudia P. Sanmiguel
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukin Division of Digestive Diseases, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
| | - Lisa A. Kilpatrick
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Ingestive Behavior and Obesity Program, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukin Division of Digestive Diseases, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
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26
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Li G, Rossbach K, Zhang A, Liu P, Zhang K. Resting-state functional changes in the precuneus within first-episode drug-naive patients with MDD. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2018; 14:1991-1998. [PMID: 30122932 PMCID: PMC6086096 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s168060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading psychiatric disorder that has a lack of biomarkers for a diagnosis. PURPOSE The objective of this study was to examine the structural and functional change in the precuneus within first-episode drug naive patients with MDD. METHODS Thirty-two first episode drug-naive patients with MDD and thirty healthy controls (HCs) were recruited in this study; the structural MRI and fMRI data were collected using the 3.0 T Trio Siemens System. All the patients were interviewed using the HAMD-17. RESULTS The difference between gray matter volume within the two groups was not observed. Results indicated that the low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), fractional ALFF (fALFF) and regional homogeneity values of the precuneus within first-episode drug-naive patients with MDD were lower than the HCs. In addition, the fALFF value of the MDD was negatively and statistically significantly correlated with the HAMD-17 total score (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The current study found abnormal activity of the precuneus at resting state in first-episode drug-naive patients with MDD, indicating that activity within the precuneus may be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaizhi Li
- Shanxi Medical University, Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China,
| | | | - Aixia Zhang
- Shanxi Medical University, Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China,
| | - Penghong Liu
- Shanxi Medical University, Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China,
| | - Kerang Zhang
- Shanxi Medical University, Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China,
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27
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Kastner L, Kube J, Villringer A, Neumann J. Cardiac Concomitants of Feedback and Prediction Error Processing in Reinforcement Learning. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:598. [PMID: 29163004 PMCID: PMC5670147 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful learning hinges on the evaluation of positive and negative feedback. We assessed differential learning from reward and punishment in a monetary reinforcement learning paradigm, together with cardiac concomitants of positive and negative feedback processing. On the behavioral level, learning from reward resulted in more advantageous behavior than learning from punishment, suggesting a differential impact of reward and punishment on successful feedback-based learning. On the autonomic level, learning and feedback processing were closely mirrored by phasic cardiac responses on a trial-by-trial basis: (1) Negative feedback was accompanied by faster and prolonged heart rate deceleration compared to positive feedback. (2) Cardiac responses shifted from feedback presentation at the beginning of learning to stimulus presentation later on. (3) Most importantly, the strength of phasic cardiac responses to the presentation of feedback correlated with the strength of prediction error signals that alert the learner to the necessity for behavioral adaptation. Considering participants' weight status and gender revealed obesity-related deficits in learning to avoid negative consequences and less consistent behavioral adaptation in women compared to men. In sum, our results provide strong new evidence for the notion that during learning phasic cardiac responses reflect an internal value and feedback monitoring system that is sensitive to the violation of performance-based expectations. Moreover, inter-individual differences in weight status and gender may affect both behavioral and autonomic responses in reinforcement-based learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Kastner
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jana Kube
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Faculty 5-Business, Law and Social Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Mind and Brain Institute, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jane Neumann
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Medical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Jena, Germany
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28
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Simon JJ, Wetzel A, Sinno MH, Skunde M, Bendszus M, Preissl H, Enck P, Herzog W, Friederich HC. Integration of homeostatic signaling and food reward processing in the human brain. JCI Insight 2017; 2:92970. [PMID: 28768906 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.92970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food intake is guided by homeostatic needs and by the reward value of food, yet the exact relation between the two remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different metabolic states and hormonal satiety signaling on responses in neural reward networks. METHODS Twenty-three healthy participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing a task distinguishing between the anticipation and the receipt of either food- or monetary-related reward. Every participant was scanned twice in a counterbalanced fashion, both during a fasted state (after 24 hours fasting) and satiety. A functional connectivity analysis was performed to investigate the influence of satiety signaling on activation in neural reward networks. Blood samples were collected to assess hormonal satiety signaling. RESULTS Fasting was associated with sensitization of the striatal reward system to the anticipation of food reward irrespective of reward magnitude. Furthermore, during satiety, individual ghrelin levels were associated with increased neural processing during the expectation of food-related reward. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that physiological hunger stimulates food consumption by specifically increasing neural processing during the expectation (i.e., incentive salience) but not the receipt of food-related reward. In addition, these findings suggest that ghrelin signaling influences hedonic-driven food intake by increasing neural reactivity during the expectation of food-related reward. These results provide insights into the neurobiological underpinnings of motivational processing and hedonic evaluation of food reward. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03081585. FUNDING This work was supported by the German Competence Network on Obesity, which is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (FKZ 01GI1122E).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe J Simon
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anne Wetzel
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Hamze Sinno
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mandy Skunde
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Bendszus
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Preissl
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany; Internal Medicine VI and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Paul Enck
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Herzog
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Christoph Friederich
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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29
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Doornweerd S, van Duinkerken E, de Geus EJ, Arbab-Zadeh P, Veltman DJ, IJzerman RG. Overweight is associated with lower resting state functional connectivity in females after eliminating genetic effects: A twin study. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:5069-5081. [PMID: 28718512 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is related to altered functional connectivity of resting state brain networks that are involved in reward and motivation. It is unknown to what extent these associations reflect genetic confounding and whether the obesity-related connectivity changes are associated with differences in dietary intake. In this study, resting state functional MRI was performed after an overnight fast in 16 female monozygotic twin pairs (aged 48.8 ± 9.8 years) with a mean BMI discordance of 3.96 ± 2.1 kg/m2 (range 0.7-8.2). Functional connectivity of the salience, basal ganglia, default mode and anterior cingulate-orbitofrontal cortex networks was examined by independent component analysis. Dietary intake was assessed using 3-day 24-hour recalls. Results revealed that within the basal ganglia network, heavier versus leaner co-twins have decreased functional connectivity strength in bilateral putamen (P < 0.05, FWE-corrected). There were no differences in connectivity in the other networks examined. In the overall group, lower functional connectivity strength in the left putamen was correlated with higher intake of total fat (P < 0.01). It was concluded that, after eliminating genetic effects, overweight is associated with lower resting state functional connectivity in bilateral putamen in the basal ganglia network. The association between lower putamen connectivity and higher fat intake suggests an important role of the putamen in appetitive mechanisms. The cross-sectional nature of our study cannot discriminate cause and consequence, but the findings are compatible with an effect of lower putamen connectivity on increased BMI and associated higher fat intake. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5069-5081, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stieneke Doornweerd
- Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eelco van Duinkerken
- Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eco J de Geus
- EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Parniane Arbab-Zadeh
- Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dick J Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard G IJzerman
- Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Beyer F, Kharabian Masouleh S, Huntenburg JM, Lampe L, Luck T, Riedel-Heller SG, Loeffler M, Schroeter ML, Stumvoll M, Villringer A, Witte AV. Higher body mass index is associated with reduced posterior default mode connectivity in older adults. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:3502-3515. [PMID: 28397392 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex neurobehavioral disorder that has been linked to changes in brain structure and function. However, the impact of obesity on functional connectivity and cognition in aging humans is largely unknown. Therefore, the association of body mass index (BMI), resting-state network connectivity, and cognitive performance in 712 healthy, well-characterized older adults of the Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases (LIFE) cohort (60-80 years old, mean BMI 27.6 kg/m2 ± 4.2 SD, main sample: n = 521, replication sample: n = 191) was determined. Statistical analyses included a multivariate model selection approach followed by univariate analyses to adjust for possible confounders. Results showed that a higher BMI was significantly associated with lower default mode functional connectivity in the posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus. The effect remained stable after controlling for age, sex, head motion, registration quality, cardiovascular, and genetic factors as well as in replication analyses. Lower functional connectivity in BMI-associated areas correlated with worse executive function. In addition, higher BMI correlated with stronger head motion. Using 3T neuroimaging in a large cohort of healthy older adults, independent negative associations of obesity and functional connectivity in the posterior default mode network were observed. In addition, a subtle link between lower resting-state connectivity in BMI-associated regions and cognitive function was found. The findings might indicate that obesity is associated with patterns of decreased default mode connectivity similar to those seen in populations at risk for Alzheimer's disease. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3502-3515, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frauke Beyer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Subproject A1, Collaborative Research Centre 1052 "Obesity Mechanisms", University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Julia M Huntenburg
- Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy and Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Leonie Lampe
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,LIFE - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tobias Luck
- LIFE - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffi G Riedel-Heller
- LIFE - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Loeffler
- LIFE - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias L Schroeter
- LIFE - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Subproject A1, Collaborative Research Centre 1052 "Obesity Mechanisms", University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,IFB Adiposity Diseases Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Subproject A1, Collaborative Research Centre 1052 "Obesity Mechanisms", University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,LIFE - Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A Veronica Witte
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Subproject A1, Collaborative Research Centre 1052 "Obesity Mechanisms", University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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31
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Sex differences in the influence of body mass index on anatomical architecture of brain networks. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 41:1185-1195. [PMID: 28360430 PMCID: PMC5548596 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background/Objective The brain plays a central role in regulating ingestive behavior in obesity. Analogous to addiction behaviors, an imbalance in the processing of rewarding and salient stimuli results in maladaptive eating behaviors that override homeostatic needs. We performed network analysis based on graph theory to examine the association between body mass index (BMI) and network measures of integrity, information flow, and global communication (centrality) in reward, salience and sensorimotor regions, and to identify sex-related differences in these parameters. Subjects/Methods Structural and diffusion tensor imaging were obtained in a sample of 124 individuals (61 males and 63 females). Graph theory was applied to calculate anatomical network properties (centrality) for regions of the reward, salience, and sensorimotor networks. General linear models with linear contrasts were performed to test for BMI and sex-related differences in measures of centrality, while controlling for age. Results In both males and females, individuals with high BMI (obese and overweight) had greater anatomical centrality (greater connectivity) of reward (putamen) and salience (anterior insula) network regions. Sex differences were observed both in individuals with normal and elevated BMI. In individuals with high BMI, females compared to males showed greater centrality in reward (amygdala, hippocampus, nucleus accumbens) and salience (anterior mid cingulate cortex) regions, while males compared to females had greater centrality in reward (putamen) and sensorimotor (posterior insula) regions. Conclusions In individuals with increased BMI, reward, salience, and sensorimotor network regions are susceptible to topological restructuring in a sex related manner. These findings highlight the influence of these regions on integrative processing of food-related stimuli and increased ingestive behavior in obesity, or in the influence of hedonic ingestion on brain topological restructuring. The observed sex differences emphasize the importance of considering sex differences in obesity pathophysiology.
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Wiemerslage L, Zhou W, Olivo G, Stark J, Hogenkamp PS, Larsson EM, Sundbom M, Schiöth HB. A resting-state fMRI study of obese females between pre- and postprandial states before and after bariatric surgery. Eur J Neurosci 2016; 45:333-341. [PMID: 27718507 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Past studies utilizing resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI), have shown that obese humans exhibit altered activity in brain areas related to reward compared to normal-weight controls. However, to what extent bariatric surgery-induced weight loss alters resting-state brain activity in obese humans is less well-studied. Thus, we measured the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations from eyes-closed, rsfMRI in obese females (n = 11, mean age = 42 years, mean BMI = 41 kg/m2 ) in both a pre- and postprandial state at two time points: four weeks before, and four weeks after bariatric surgery. Several brain areas showed altered resting-state activity following bariatric surgery, including the putamen, insula, cingulate, thalamus and frontal regions. Activity augmented by surgery was also dependent on prandial state. For example, in the fasted state, activity in the middle frontal and pre- and postcentral gyri was found to be decreased after surgery. In the sated state, activity within the insula was increased before, but not after surgery. Collectively, our results suggest that resting-state neural functions are rapidly affected following bariatric surgery and the associated weight loss and change in diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyle Wiemerslage
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Biomedicinska Centrum (BMC), Box 593, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Biomedicinska Centrum (BMC), Box 593, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gaia Olivo
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Biomedicinska Centrum (BMC), Box 593, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Julia Stark
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Biomedicinska Centrum (BMC), Box 593, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pleunie S Hogenkamp
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Biomedicinska Centrum (BMC), Box 593, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elna-Marie Larsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Magnus Sundbom
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Biomedicinska Centrum (BMC), Box 593, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
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