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Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Yu Z, Li Y, Lin X, Weng Y, Guo Z, Hu H, Shao W, Yu G, Zheng F, Cai P, Li H, Wu S. VGluT2 neuron subtypes in the paraventricular thalamic nucleus regulate depression in paraquat-induced Parkinson's disease. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134559. [PMID: 38735189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease and approximately one third of patients with PD are estimated to experience depression. Paraquat (PQ) is the most widely used herbicide worldwide and PQ exposure is reported to induce PD with depression. However, the specific brain region and neural networks underlying the etiology of depression in PD, especially in the PQ-induced model, have not yet been elucidated. Here, we report that the VGluT2-positive glutamatergic neurons in the paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT) promote depression in the PQ-induced PD mouse model. Our results show that PVTVGluT2 neurons are activated by PQ and their activation increases the susceptibility to depression in PD mice. Conversely, inhibition of PVTVGluT2 neurons reversed the depressive-behavioral changes induced by PQ. Similar to the effects of intervention the soma of PVTVGluT2 neurons, stimulation of their projections into the central amygdaloid nucleus (CeA) also strongly influenced depression in PD mice. PQ induced malfunctioning of the glutamate system and changes in the dendritic and synaptic morphology in the CeA through its role on PVTVGluT2 neuronal activation. In summary, our results demonstrate that PVTVGluT2 neurons are key neuronal subtypes for depression in PQ-induced PD and promote depression processes through the PVTVGluT2-CeA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yihua Jiang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yinhan Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Xinpei Lin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yali Weng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Zhenkun Guo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Hong Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Wenya Shao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Guangxia Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Fuli Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Ping Cai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Huangyuan Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Siying Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
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Lv S, Zhang G, Lu Y, Zhong X, Huang Y, Ma Y, Yan W, Teng J, Wei S. Pharmacological mechanism of natural antidepressants: The role of mitochondrial quality control. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155669. [PMID: 38696923 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a mental illness characterized by persistent sadness and a reduced capacity for pleasure. In clinical practice, SSRIs and other medications are commonly used for therapy, despite their various side effects. Natural products present distinct advantages, including synergistic interactions among multiple components and targeting multiple pathways, suggesting their tremendous potential in depression treatment. Imbalance in mitochondrial quality control (MQC) plays a significant role in the pathology of depression, emphasizing the importance of regulating MQC as a potential intervention strategy in addressing the onset and progression of depression. However, the role and mechanism through which natural products regulate MQC in depression treatments still need to be comprehensively elucidated, particularly in clinical and preclinical settings. PURPOSE This review was aimed to summarize the findings of recent studies and outline the pharmacological mechanisms by which natural products modulate MQC to exert antidepressant effects. Additionally, it evaluated current research limitations and proposed new strategies for future preclinical and clinical applications in the depression domain. METHODS To study the main pharmacological mechanisms underlying the regulation of MQC by natural products in the treatment of depression, we conducted a thorough search across databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases to classify and summarize the relationship between MQC and depression, as well as the regulatory mechanisms of natural products. RESULTS Numerous studies have shown that irregularities in the MQC system play an important role in the pathology of depression, and the regulation of the MQC system is involved in antidepressant treatments. Natural products mainly regulate the MQC system to induce antidepressant effects by alleviating oxidative stress, balancing ATP levels, promoting mitophagy, maintaining calcium homeostasis, optimizing mitochondrial dynamics, regulating mitochondrial membrane potential, and enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis. CONCLUSIONS We comprehensively summarized the regulation of natural products on the MQC system in antidepressants, providing a unique perspective for the application of natural products within antidepressant therapy. However, extensive efforts are imperative in clinical and preclinical investigations to delve deeper into the mechanisms underlying how antidepressant medications impact MQC, which is crucial for the development of effective antidepressant treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimeng Lv
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yitong Lu
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xia Zhong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yufei Huang
- Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuexiang Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355,China
| | - Wei Yan
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jing Teng
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Sheng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; High Level Key Disciplines of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Brain Diseases with Traditional Chinese Medicine (PTMBD), Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
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3
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Mori D, Inami C, Ikeda R, Sawahata M, Urata S, Yamaguchi ST, Kobayashi Y, Fujita K, Arioka Y, Okumura H, Kushima I, Kodama A, Suzuki T, Hirao T, Yoshimi A, Sobue A, Ito T, Noda Y, Mizoguchi H, Nagai T, Kaibuchi K, Okabe S, Nishiguchi K, Kume K, Yamada K, Ozaki N. Mice with deficiency in Pcdh15, a gene associated with bipolar disorders, exhibit significantly elevated diurnal amplitudes of locomotion and body temperature. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:216. [PMID: 38806495 PMCID: PMC11133426 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02952-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic factors significantly affect the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders. However, the specific pathogenic mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully understood. Recent extensive genomic studies have implicated the protocadherin-related 15 (PCDH15) gene in the onset of psychiatric disorders, such as bipolar disorder (BD). To further investigate the pathogenesis of these psychiatric disorders, we developed a mouse model lacking Pcdh15. Notably, although PCDH15 is primarily identified as the causative gene of Usher syndrome, which presents with visual and auditory impairments, our mice with Pcdh15 homozygous deletion (Pcdh15-null) did not exhibit observable structural abnormalities in either the retina or the inner ear. The Pcdh15-null mice showed very high levels of spontaneous motor activity which was too disturbed to perform standard behavioral testing. However, the Pcdh15 heterozygous deletion mice (Pcdh15-het) exhibited enhanced spontaneous locomotor activity, reduced prepulse inhibition, and diminished cliff avoidance behavior. These observations agreed with the symptoms observed in patients with various psychiatric disorders and several mouse models of psychiatric diseases. Specifically, the hyperactivity may mirror the manic episodes in BD. To obtain a more physiological, long-term quantification of the hyperactive phenotype, we implanted nano tag® sensor chips in the animals, to enable the continuous monitoring of both activity and body temperature. During the light-off period, Pcdh15-null exhibited elevated activity and body temperature compared with wild-type (WT) mice. However, we observed a decreased body temperature during the light-on period. Comprehensive brain activity was visualized using c-Fos mapping, which was assessed during the activity and temperature peak and trough. There was a stark contrast between the distribution of c-Fos expression in Pcdh15-null and WT brains during both the light-on and light-off periods. These results provide valuable insights into the neural basis of the behavioral and thermal characteristics of Pcdh15-deletion mice. Therefore, Pcdh15-deletion mice can be a novel model for BD with mania and other psychiatric disorders, with a strong genetic component that satisfies both construct and surface validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Mori
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
- Brain and Mind Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
- Department of Pathophysiology of Mental Disorders, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Chihiro Inami
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ikeda
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahito Sawahata
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shinji Urata
- Department of Otolaryngology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo Pref., Japan
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo Pref., Japan
| | - Sho T Yamaguchi
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Kosuke Fujita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuko Arioka
- Department of Pathophysiology of Mental Disorders, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroki Okumura
- Department of Pathophysiology of Mental Disorders, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Itaru Kushima
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Pathophysiology of Mental Disorders, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Medical Genomics Center, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akiko Kodama
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Pathophysiology of Mental Disorders, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Suzuki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Hirao
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akira Yoshimi
- Division of Clinical Sciences and Neuropsychopharmacology, Meijo University Faculty of Pharmacy, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akira Sobue
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ito
- Division of Clinical Sciences and Neuropsychopharmacology, Meijo University Faculty of Pharmacy, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yukikiro Noda
- Division of Clinical Sciences and Neuropsychopharmacology, Meijo University Faculty of Pharmacy, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mizoguchi
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Taku Nagai
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Division of Behavioral Neuropharmacology, International Center for Brain Science (ICBS), Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kozo Kaibuchi
- Division of Cell Biology, International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shigeo Okabe
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo Pref., Japan
| | - Koji Nishiguchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kume
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kiyofumi Yamada
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Norio Ozaki
- Department of Pathophysiology of Mental Disorders, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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4
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Kawatake-Kuno A, Li H, Inaba H, Hikosaka M, Ishimori E, Ueki T, Garkun Y, Morishita H, Narumiya S, Oishi N, Ohtsuki G, Murai T, Uchida S. Sustained antidepressant effects of ketamine metabolite involve GABAergic inhibition-mediated molecular dynamics in aPVT glutamatergic neurons. Neuron 2024; 112:1265-1285.e10. [PMID: 38377990 PMCID: PMC11031324 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Despite the rapid and sustained antidepressant effects of ketamine and its metabolites, their underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that the sustained antidepressant-like behavioral effects of (2S,6S)-hydroxynorketamine (HNK) in repeatedly stressed animal models involve neurobiological changes in the anterior paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (aPVT). Mechanistically, (2S,6S)-HNK induces mRNA expression of extrasynaptic GABAA receptors and subsequently enhances GABAA-receptor-mediated tonic currents, leading to the nuclear export of histone demethylase KDM6 and its replacement by histone methyltransferase EZH2. This process increases H3K27me3 levels, which in turn suppresses the transcription of genes associated with G-protein-coupled receptor signaling. Thus, our findings shed light on the comprehensive cellular and molecular mechanisms in aPVT underlying the sustained antidepressant behavioral effects of ketamine metabolites. This study may support the development of potentially effective next-generation pharmacotherapies to promote sustained remission of stress-related psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Kawatake-Kuno
- SK Project, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029; Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029
| | - Haiyan Li
- SK Project, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Inaba
- SK Project, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Momoka Hikosaka
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Erina Ishimori
- SK Project, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Ueki
- Department of Integrative Anatomy, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yury Garkun
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029; Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029
| | - Hirofumi Morishita
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029; Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Naoya Oishi
- SK Project, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Gen Ohtsuki
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Toshiya Murai
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shusaku Uchida
- SK Project, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Integrative Anatomy, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan; Kyoto University Medical Science and Business Liaison Organization, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
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5
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Ceylan D, Arat-Çelik HE, Aksahin IC. Integrating mitoepigenetics into research in mood disorders: a state-of-the-art review. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1338544. [PMID: 38410811 PMCID: PMC10895490 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1338544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mood disorders, including major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder, are highly prevalent and stand among the leading causes of disability. Despite the largely elusive nature of the molecular mechanisms underpinning these disorders, two pivotal contributors-mitochondrial dysfunctions and epigenetic alterations-have emerged as significant players in their pathogenesis. This state-of-the-art review aims to present existing data on epigenetic alterations in the mitochondrial genome in mood disorders, laying the groundwork for future research into their pathogenesis. Associations between abnormalities in mitochondrial function and mood disorders have been observed, with evidence pointing to notable changes in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). These changes encompass variations in copy number and oxidative damage. However, information on additional epigenetic alterations in the mitochondrial genome remains limited. Recent studies have delved into alterations in mtDNA and regulations in the mitochondrial genome, giving rise to the burgeoning field of mitochondrial epigenetics. Mitochondrial epigenetics encompasses three main categories of modifications: mtDNA methylation/hydroxymethylation, modifications of mitochondrial nucleoids, and mitochondrial RNA alterations. The epigenetic modulation of mitochondrial nucleoids, lacking histones, may impact mtDNA function. Additionally, mitochondrial RNAs, including non-coding RNAs, present a complex landscape influencing interactions between the mitochondria and the nucleus. The exploration of mitochondrial epigenetics offers valuable perspectives on how these alterations impact neurodegenerative diseases, presenting an intriguing avenue for research on mood disorders. Investigations into post-translational modifications and the role of mitochondrial non-coding RNAs hold promise to unravel the dynamics of mitoepigenetics in mood disorders, providing crucial insights for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Ceylan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Affective Laboratory, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | | | - Izel Cemre Aksahin
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Affective Laboratory, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Koç University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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6
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Kubota-Sakashita M, Kawakami H, Kikuzato K, Shirai F, Nakamura T, Kato T. An ex vivo screening using mouse brain mitochondria identified seco-cycline D as an inhibitor of mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 691:149253. [PMID: 38043196 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders. Inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and thereby enhancement of mitochondrial Ca2+ retention capacity (CRC) is a promising treatment strategy. Here, we screened 1718 compounds to search for drug candidates inhibiting mPTP by measuring their effects on CRC in mitochondria isolated from mouse brains. We identified seco-cycline D (SCD) as an active compound. SCD and its derivative were more potent than a known mPTP inhibitor, cyclosporine A (CsA). The mechanism of action of SCD was suggested likely to be different from CsA that acts on cyclophilin D. Repeated administration of SCD decreased ischemic area in a middle cerebral artery occlusion model in mice. These results suggest that SCD is a useful probe to explore mPTP function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mie Kubota-Sakashita
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan; Drug Discovery Seed Compounds Exploratory Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Hirochika Kawakami
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan; Drug Discovery Seed Compounds Exploratory Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Ko Kikuzato
- Drug Discovery Chemistry Platform Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Shirai
- Drug Discovery Chemistry Platform Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takemichi Nakamura
- Molecular Structure Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
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7
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Franco-Barranco D, Lin Z, Jang WD, Wang X, Shen Q, Yin W, Fan Y, Li M, Chen C, Xiong Z, Xin R, Liu H, Chen H, Li Z, Zhao J, Chen X, Pape C, Conrad R, Nightingale L, de Folter J, Jones ML, Liu Y, Ziaei D, Huschauer S, Arganda-Carreras I, Pfister H, Wei D. Current Progress and Challenges in Large-Scale 3D Mitochondria Instance Segmentation. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2023; 42:3956-3971. [PMID: 37768797 PMCID: PMC10753957 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2023.3320497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present the results of the MitoEM challenge on mitochondria 3D instance segmentation from electron microscopy images, organized in conjunction with the IEEE-ISBI 2021 conference. Our benchmark dataset consists of two large-scale 3D volumes, one from human and one from rat cortex tissue, which are 1,986 times larger than previously used datasets. At the time of paper submission, 257 participants had registered for the challenge, 14 teams had submitted their results, and six teams participated in the challenge workshop. Here, we present eight top-performing approaches from the challenge participants, along with our own baseline strategies. Posterior to the challenge, annotation errors in the ground truth were corrected without altering the final ranking. Additionally, we present a retrospective evaluation of the scoring system which revealed that: 1) challenge metric was permissive with the false positive predictions; and 2) size-based grouping of instances did not correctly categorize mitochondria of interest. Thus, we propose a new scoring system that better reflects the correctness of the segmentation results. Although several of the top methods are compared favorably to our own baselines, substantial errors remain unsolved for mitochondria with challenging morphologies. Thus, the challenge remains open for submission and automatic evaluation, with all volumes available for download.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Franco-Barranco
- Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain, and also with the Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Zudi Lin
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), Harvard University, Allston, MA 02134 USA
| | - Won-Dong Jang
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), Harvard University, Allston, MA 02134 USA
| | - Xueying Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| | - Qijia Shen
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, U.K
| | - Wenjie Yin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| | - Yutian Fan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| | - Mingxing Li
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science (EEIS), University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science (EEIS), University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhiwei Xiong
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science (EEIS), University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Rui Xin
- Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Huai Chen
- Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhili Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology and Application, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology and Application, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xuejin Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology and Application, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Constantin Pape
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117 Heidelberg, Germany. He is now with the Institute for Computer Science, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ryan Conrad
- Center for Molecular Microscopy, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, and also with the Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701 USA
| | | | | | | | - Yanling Liu
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science Group, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701 USA
| | - Dorsa Ziaei
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science Group, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701 USA
| | | | - Ignacio Arganda-Carreras
- Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain, also with the Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain, also with the IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain, and also with the Biofisika Institute, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Hanspeter Pfister
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), Harvard University, Allston, MA 02134 USA
| | - Donglai Wei
- Computer Science Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA
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8
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Shima Y, Skibbe H, Sasagawa Y, Fujimori N, Iwayama Y, Isomura-Matoba A, Yano M, Ichikawa T, Nikaido I, Hattori N, Kato T. Distinctiveness and continuity in transcriptome and connectivity in the anterior-posterior axis of the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113309. [PMID: 37862168 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) projects axons to multiple areas, mediates a wide range of behaviors, and exhibits regional heterogeneity in both functions and axonal projections. Still, questions regarding the cell types present in the PVT and the extent of their differences remain inadequately addressed. We applied single-cell RNA sequencing to depict the transcriptomic characteristics of mouse PVT neurons. We found that one of the most significant variances in the PVT transcriptome corresponded to the anterior-posterior axis. While the single-cell transcriptome classified PVT neurons into five types, our transcriptomic and histological analyses showed continuity among the cell types. We discovered that anterior and posterior subpopulations had nearly non-overlapping projection patterns, while another population showed intermediate patterns. In addition, these subpopulations responded differently to appetite-related neuropeptides, with their activation showing opposing effects on food consumption. Our studies unveiled the contrasts and the continuity of PVT neurons that underpin their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Shima
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaborative Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Henrik Skibbe
- Brain Image Analysis Unit, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yohei Sasagawa
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics Research, Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Functional Genome Informatics, Division of Biological Data Science, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Hongo, Bunkyo City, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Noriko Fujimori
- Laboratory of Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Support Unit for Bio-Material Analysis, Research Resource Division, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Iwayama
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics Research, Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Functional Genome Informatics, Division of Biological Data Science, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Hongo, Bunkyo City, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Ayako Isomura-Matoba
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics Research, Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Minoru Yano
- Department of Functional Genome Informatics, Division of Biological Data Science, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Hongo, Bunkyo City, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Takumi Ichikawa
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics Research, Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Functional Genome Informatics, Division of Biological Data Science, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Hongo, Bunkyo City, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Itoshi Nikaido
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics Research, Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Functional Genome Informatics, Division of Biological Data Science, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Hongo, Bunkyo City, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaborative Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, Hongo, Bunkyo City, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Laboratory of Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Hongo, Bunkyo City, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathology of Mood Disorders, Juntendo University, Hongo, Bunkyo City, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
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9
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Tao E, Wu Y, Hu C, Zhu Z, Ye D, Long G, Chen B, Guo R, Shu X, Zheng W, Zhang T, Jia X, Du X, Fang M, Jiang M. Early life stress induces irritable bowel syndrome from childhood to adulthood in mice. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1255525. [PMID: 37849921 PMCID: PMC10577190 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1255525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder. Traditionally, early life stress (ELS) is predisposed to IBS in adult. However, whether ELS induces IBS in early life remains unclear. Methods Separated cohort studies were conducted in neonatal male pups of C57BL/6 mice by maternal separation (MS) model. MS and non-separation mice were scheduled to be evaluated for prime IBS-phenotypes, including visceral hypersensitivity, intestinal motility, intestinal permeability, and anxiety-like behavior. Ileal contents and fecal samples were collected and analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bacterial community analyses. Subcellular structures of intestinal epithelial, such as epithelial tight junctions and mitochondria, were observed under transmission electron microscopy. Results MS induced visceral hypersensitivity and decreased total intestinal transit time from childhood to adulthood. In addition, MS induced intestinal hyperpermeability and anxiety-like behavior from adolescence to adulthood. Besides, MS affected intestinal microbial composition from childhood to adulthood. Moreover, MS disrupted intestinal mitochondrial structure from childhood to adulthood. Conclusion The study showed for the first time that MS induced IBS from early life to adulthood in mice. The disrupted intestinal mitochondrial structure and the significant dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota in early life may contribute to the initiation and progress of IBS from early life to adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enfu Tao
- Pediatric Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Neonatology and NICU, Wenling Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Wenling, China
| | - Yuhao Wu
- Pediatric Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenmin Hu
- Pediatric Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenya Zhu
- Pediatric Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Diya Ye
- Pediatric Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gao Long
- Pediatric Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Pediatric Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Pediatric Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Shu
- Pediatric Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Pediatric Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Pediatric Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Jia
- Pediatric Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Du
- Pediatric Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Marong Fang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mizu Jiang
- Pediatric Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
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10
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Nishioka M, Takayama J, Sakai N, Kazuno AA, Ishiwata M, Ueda J, Hayama T, Fujii K, Someya T, Kuriyama S, Tamiya G, Takata A, Kato T. Deep exome sequencing identifies enrichment of deleterious mosaic variants in neurodevelopmental disorder genes and mitochondrial tRNA regions in bipolar disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4294-4306. [PMID: 37248276 PMCID: PMC10827672 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02096-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a global medical issue, afflicting around 1% of the population with manic and depressive episodes. Despite various genetic studies, the genetic architecture and pathogenesis of BD have not been fully resolved. Besides germline variants, postzygotic mosaic variants are proposed as new candidate mechanisms contributing to BD. Here, we performed extensive deep exome sequencing (DES, ~300×) and validation experiments to investigate the roles of mosaic variants in BD with 235 BD cases (194 probands of trios and 41 single cases) and 39 controls. We found an enrichment of developmental disorder (DD) genes in the genes hit by deleterious mosaic variants in BD (P = 0.000552), including a ClinVar-registered pathogenic variant in ARID2. An enrichment of deleterious mosaic variants was also observed for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) genes (P = 0.000428). The proteins coded by the DD/ASD genes with non-synonymous mosaic variants in BD form more protein-protein interaction than expected, suggesting molecular mechanisms shared with DD/ASD but restricted to a subset of cells in BD. We also found significant enrichment of mitochondrial heteroplasmic variants, another class of mosaic variants, in mitochondrial tRNA genes in BD (P = 0.0102). Among them, recurrent m.3243 A > G variants known as causal for mitochondrial diseases were found in two unrelated BD probands with allele fractions of 5-12%, lower than in mitochondrial diseases. Despite the limitation of using peripheral tissues, our DES investigation supports the possible contribution of deleterious mosaic variants in the nuclear genome responsible for severer phenotypes, such as DD/ASD, to the risk of BD and further demonstrates that the same paradigm can be applied to the mitochondrial genome. These results, as well as the enrichment of heteroplasmic mitochondrial tRNA variants in BD, add a new piece to the understanding of the genetic architecture of BD and provide general insights into the pathological roles of mosaic variants in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Nishioka
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
- Department of Molecular Pathology of Mood Disorders, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology of Psychiatric Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Jun Takayama
- Department of AI and Innovative Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8573, Japan
- Statistical Genetics Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0027, Japan
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - An-A Kazuno
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology of Psychiatric Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Mizuho Ishiwata
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Junko Ueda
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology of Psychiatric Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takashi Hayama
- Yokohama Mental Clinic Totsuka, 494-8 Kamikurata-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, 244-0816, Japan
| | - Kumiko Fujii
- Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Someya
- Department of Psychiatry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 757 Asahimachidori-ichibancho, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kuriyama
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8573, Japan
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Gen Tamiya
- Department of AI and Innovative Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8573, Japan
- Statistical Genetics Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0027, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takata
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology of Psychiatric Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
- Department of Molecular Pathology of Mood Disorders, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
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11
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Yamamoto H, Lee-Okada HC, Ikeda M, Nakamura T, Saito T, Takata A, Yokomizo T, Iwata N, Kato T, Kasahara T. GWAS-identified bipolar disorder risk allele in the FADS1/2 gene region links mood episodes and unsaturated fatty acid metabolism in mutant mice. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:2848-2856. [PMID: 36806390 PMCID: PMC10615742 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-01988-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on bipolar disorder (BD) have implicated the involvement of the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) locus. These enzymes (FADS1 and FADS2) are involved in the metabolism of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which are thought to potentially benefit patients with mood disorders. To model reductions in the activity of FADS1/2 affected by the susceptibility alleles, we generated mutant mice heterozygously lacking both Fads1/2 genes. We measured wheel-running activity over six months and observed bipolar swings in activity, including hyperactivity and hypoactivity. The hyperactivity episodes, in which activity was far above the norm, usually lasted half a day; mice manifested significantly shorter immobility times on the behavioral despair test performed during these episodes. The hypoactivity episodes, which lasted for several weeks, were accompanied by abnormal circadian rhythms and a marked decrease in wheel running, a spontaneous behavior associated with motivation and reward systems. We comprehensively examined lipid composition in the brain and found that levels of certain lipids were significantly altered between wild-type and the heterozygous mutant mice, but no changes were consistent with both sexes and either DHA or EPA was not altered. However, supplementation with DHA or a mixture of DHA and EPA prevented these episodic behavioral changes. Here we propose that heterozygous Fads1/2 knockout mice are a model of BD with robust constitutive, face, and predictive validity, as administration of the mood stabilizer lithium was also effective. This GWAS-based model helps to clarify how lipids and their metabolisms are involved in the pathogenesis and treatment of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirona Yamamoto
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology of Psychiatric Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Masashi Ikeda
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takumi Nakamura
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology of Psychiatric Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeo Saito
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takata
- Laboratory for Molecular Pathology of Psychiatric Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Research Institute for Disease of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokomizo
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nakao Iwata
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takaoki Kasahara
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan.
- Career Development Program, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan.
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaboration Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan.
- Institute of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
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12
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Ji R, Cui M, Zhou D, Pan X, Xie Y, Wu X, Liang X, Zhang H, Song W. Adulthood bisphenol A exposure induces anxiety in male mice via downregulation of alpha-1D adrenergic receptor in paraventricular thalamus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115205. [PMID: 37392660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a ubiquitous endocrine disrupting chemical, is widely used in household plastic products. Large amounts of evidence indicate prenatal and postnatal BPA exposure causes neurodevelopmental disorders such as anxiety and autism. However, the neuronal mechanisms underlying the neurotoxic effects of adulthood BPA exposure remain poorly understood. Here, we provided evidences that adult mice treated with BPA (0.45 mg/kg/day) during 3 weeks exhibited sex-specific anxiety like behaviors. We demonstrated that the BPA-induced anxiety in male mice, but not in female mice, was closely associated with hyperactivity of glutamatergic neurons in the paraventricular thalamus (PVT). Acute chemogenetic activation of PVT glutamatergic neurons caused similar effects on anxiety as observed in male mice exposed to BPA. In contrast, acute chemogenetic inhibition of PVT glutamatergic neurons reduced BPA-induced anxiety in male mice. Concomitantly, the BPA-induced anxiety was related with a down-regulation of alpha-1D adrenergic receptor in the PVT. Taken together, the present study indicated a previously unknown target region in the brain for neurotoxic effects of BPA on anxiety and implicated a possible molecular mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Ji
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Mengqiao Cui
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Dongyu Zhou
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Pan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Yuqi Xie
- School of Nursing, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Xiling Wu
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Xin Liang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
| | - Weiyi Song
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
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Lam XJ, Xu B, Yeo PL, Cheah PS, Ling KH. Mitochondria dysfunction and bipolar disorder: From pathology to therapy. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2023; 14:407-418. [PMID: 37388495 PMCID: PMC10300489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is one of the major psychiatric diseases in which the impairment of mitochondrial functions has been closely connected or associated with the disease pathologies. Different lines of evidence of the close connection between mitochondria dysfunction and BD were discussed with a particular focus on (1) dysregulation of energy metabolism, (2) effect of genetic variants, (3) oxidative stress, cell death and apoptosis, (4) dysregulated calcium homeostasis and electrophysiology, and (5) current as well as potential treatments targeting at restoring mitochondrial functions. Currently, pharmacological interventions generally provide limited efficacy in preventing relapses or recovery from mania or depression episodes. Thus, understanding mitochondrial pathology in BD will lead to novel agents targeting mitochondrial dysfunction and formulating new effective therapy for BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Jieh Lam
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Unversiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Bingzhe Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, 132 Daxuecheng Outer Ring E Rd, Panyu Qu, Guangzhou Shi, Guangdong 511434, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Ling Yeo
- School of Postgraduate Studies and Research, International Medical University, 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, 57000 Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pike-See Cheah
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Unversiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - King-Hwa Ling
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Unversiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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14
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Yuan F, Zhou Z, Wu S, Jiao F, Chen L, Fang L, Yin H, Hu X, Jiang X, Liu K, Xiao F, Jiang H, Chen S, Liu Z, Shu Y, Guo F. Intestinal activating transcription factor 4 regulates stress-related behavioral alterations via paraventricular thalamus in male mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2215590120. [PMID: 37126693 PMCID: PMC10175747 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2215590120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress induces depression- and anxiety-related behaviors, which are common mental disorders accompanied not only by dysfunction of the brain but also of the intestine. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) is a stress-induced gene, and we previously show that it is important for gut functions; however, the contribution of the intestinal ATF4 to stress-related behaviors is not known. Here, we show that chronic stress inhibits the expression of ATF4 in gut epithelial cells. ATF4 overexpression in the colon relieves stress-related behavioral alterations in male mice, as measured by open-field test, elevated plus-maze test, and tail suspension test, whereas intestine-specific ATF4 knockout induces stress-related behavioral alterations in male mice. Furthermore, glutamatergic neurons are inhibited in the paraventricular thalamus (PVT) of two strains of intestinal ATF4-deficient mice, and selective activation of these neurons alleviates stress-related behavioral alterations in intestinal ATF4-deficient mice. The highly expressed gut-secreted peptide trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) is chosen from RNA-Seq data from ATF4 deletion mice and demonstrated decreased in gut epithelial cells, which is directly regulated by ATF4. Injection of TFF3 reverses stress-related behaviors in ATF4 knockout mice, and the beneficial effects of TFF3 are blocked by inhibiting PVT glutamatergic neurons using DREADDs. In summary, this study demonstrates the function of ATF4 in the gut-brain regulation of stress-related behavioral alterations, via TFF3 modulating PVT neural activity. This research provides evidence of gut signals regulating stress-related behavioral alterations and identifies possible drug targets for the treatment of stress-related behavioral disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixiang Yuan
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Ziheng Zhou
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Shangming Wu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Fuxin Jiao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200072, China
| | - Leilei Fang
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200072, China
| | - Hanrui Yin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Xiaoming Hu
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Xiaoxue Jiang
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Kan Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Haizhou Jiang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Shanghai Chen
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Zhanju Liu
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200072, China
| | - Yousheng Shu
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Feifan Guo
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Minister of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
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15
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Hu G, Zhou C, Wang J, Ma X, Ma H, Yu H, Peng Z, Huang J, Cai M. Electroacupuncture treatment ameliorates depressive-like behavior and cognitive dysfunction via CB1R dependent mitochondria biogenesis after experimental global cerebral ischemic stroke. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1135227. [PMID: 37091920 PMCID: PMC10113634 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1135227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThis study aimed to identify the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment on post-stroke depression (PSD) and explore whether cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R)-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis accounts for the treatment effect of EA.MethodsThe PSD mouse model was induced by a consecutive 14-day chronic unpredictable stress operation after 7 days of recovery from the bilateral common carotid artery occlusion surgery. Either EA treatment or sham stimulation was performed for 14 consecutive days from Day 7 after the BCCAO operation. Subjects’ PSD-like behaviors were tested via open field test, sucrose preference test, novelty suppressed feeding test, tail suspension test, and forced swim test, and subjects’ cognitive function was examined using Y-maze and novelty object recognition test. In addition, the levels of CB1R, mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins (nuclear transcription factor 1, NRF1; mitochondrial transcription factor A, TFAM), proteins related to mitochondrial function (Cytochrome C, Cyto C; AIF, COX IV), and mitochondrial DNA were measured. To elucidate the role of CB1R in EA treatment, CB1R antagonists AM251 and CB1R-shRNA were given to mice before EA treatment. Likewise, subjects’ depressive-like behaviors, cognitive function, mitochondrial function, and mitochondrial biogenesis were examined after the PSD procedure.ResultsIt has been showed that EA successfully ameliorated depressive-like behaviors, improved cognitive dysfunctions, and upregulated CB1R, NRF1 and TFAM expressions. However, the supplementation of AM251 and CB1R-shRNA blocked the antidepressant-like effects generated by EA, and EA failed to improve cognitive dysfunction, upregulate CB1R protein expression, and increase mitochondrial function and biogenesis.ConclusionAltogether, these results indicated that EA ameliorated PSD-like behaviors in mice, improved cognitive dysfunctions after PSD, and promoted mitochondrial biogenesis by activating CB1R, a novel mechanism underlying EA’s antidepressant-like effects in treating PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangtao Hu
- Department of Psychological Medicine, 958th Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Cuihong Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinxu Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongzhe Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huan Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengwu Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Health Management, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Jing Huang,
| | - Min Cai
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Min Cai,
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16
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Shoji H, Ikeda K, Miyakawa T. Behavioral phenotype, intestinal microbiome, and brain neuronal activity of male serotonin transporter knockout mice. Mol Brain 2023; 16:32. [PMID: 36991468 PMCID: PMC10061809 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-023-01020-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The serotonin transporter (5-HTT) plays a critical role in the regulation of serotonin neurotransmission. Mice genetically deficient in 5-HTT expression have been used to study the physiological functions of 5-HTT in the brain and have been proposed as a potential animal model for neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Recent studies have provided evidence for a link between the gut-brain axis and mood disorders. However, the effects of 5-HTT deficiency on gut microbiota, brain function, and behavior remain to be fully characterized. Here we investigated the effects of 5-HTT deficiency on different types of behavior, the gut microbiome, and brain c-Fos expression as a marker of neuronal activation in response to the forced swim test for assessing depression-related behavior in male 5-HTT knockout mice. Behavioral analysis using a battery of 16 different tests showed that 5-HTT-/- mice exhibited markedly reduced locomotor activity, decreased pain sensitivity, reduced motor function, increased anxiety-like and depression-related behavior, altered social behavior in novel and familiar environments, normal working memory, enhanced spatial reference memory, and impaired fear memory compared to 5-HTT+/+ mice. 5-HTT+/- mice showed slightly reduced locomotor activity and impaired social behavior compared to 5-HTT+/+ mice. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicons showed that 5-HTT-/- mice had altered gut microbiota abundances, such as a decrease in Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium sensu stricto, and Turicibacter, compared to 5-HTT+/+ mice. This study also showed that after exposure to the forced swim test, the number of c-Fos-positive cells was higher in the paraventricular thalamus and lateral hypothalamus and was lower in the prefrontal cortical regions, nucleus accumbens shell, dorsolateral septal nucleus, hippocampal regions, and ventromedial hypothalamus in 5-HTT-/- mice than in 5-HTT+/+ mice. These phenotypes of 5-HTT-/- mice partially recapitulate clinical observations in humans with major depressive disorder. The present findings indicate that 5-HTT-deficient mice serve as a good and valid animal model to study anxiety and depression with altered gut microbial composition and abnormal neuronal activity in the brain, highlighting the importance of 5-HTT in brain function and the mechanisms underlying the regulation of anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Shoji
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ikeda
- Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Miyakawa
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
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17
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Hjelm BE, Ramiro C, Rollins BL, Omidsalar AA, Gerke DS, Das SC, Sequeira A, Morgan L, Schatzberg AF, Barchas JD, Lee FS, Myers RM, Watson SJ, Akil H, Bunney WE, Vawter MP. Large Common Mitochondrial DNA Deletions Are Associated with a Mitochondrial SNP T14798C Near the 3' Breakpoints. Complex Psychiatry 2023; 8:90-98. [PMID: 36778651 PMCID: PMC9909249 DOI: 10.1159/000528051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Large somatic deletions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) accumulate with aging in metabolically active tissues such as the brain. We have cataloged the breakpoints and frequencies of large mtDNA deletions in the human brain. Methods We quantified 112 high-frequency mtDNA somatic deletions across four human brain regions with the Splice-Break2 pipeline. In addition, we utilized PLINK/Seq to test the association of mitochondrial genotypes with the abundance of these high-frequency mtDNA deletions. A conservative p value threshold of 5E-08 was used to find the significant loci. Results One mtDNA SNP (T14798C) was significantly associated with mtDNA deletions in two brain regions, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the superior temporal gyrus. Since the DLPFC showed the most robust association between T14798C and two deletion breakpoints (7816-14807 and 5462-14807), this association was tested in the DLPFC of a replication sample and validated the first results. Incorporating the C allele at 14,798 bp increased the perfect/imperfect length of the repeat at the 3' breakpoint of the two associated deletions. Conclusion This is the first study to identify the association of mtDNA SNP with large mtDNA deletions in the human brain. The T14798C allele located in the MT-CYB gene is a common polymorphism that occurs in several mitochondrial haplogroups. We hypothesize that the T14798C association with two deletions occurs by extending the repeat length around the 3' deletion breakpoints. This simple mechanism suggests that mtDNA SNPs can affect the mitochondrial genome structure, especially in brain where high levels of reactive oxygen species lead to deletion accumulation with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke E. Hjelm
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christian Ramiro
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Brandi L. Rollins
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Audrey A. Omidsalar
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Daniel S. Gerke
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sujan C. Das
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Adolfo Sequeira
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Ling Morgan
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Alan F. Schatzberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jack D. Barchas
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Francis S. Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Richard M. Myers
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | - Stanley J. Watson
- The Michigan Neuroscience Institute (MNI), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Huda Akil
- The Michigan Neuroscience Institute (MNI), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - William E. Bunney
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Marquis P. Vawter
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California, USA,*Marquis P. Vawter,
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18
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The altered sensitivity of acute stress induced anxiety-related behaviors by modulating insular cortex-paraventricular thalamus-bed nucleus of the stria terminalis neural circuit. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 174:105890. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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19
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Tanaka M, Szabó Á, Spekker E, Polyák H, Tóth F, Vécsei L. Mitochondrial Impairment: A Common Motif in Neuropsychiatric Presentation? The Link to the Tryptophan-Kynurenine Metabolic System. Cells 2022; 11:2607. [PMID: 36010683 PMCID: PMC9406499 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nearly half a century has passed since the discovery of cytoplasmic inheritance of human chloramphenicol resistance. The inheritance was then revealed to take place maternally by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Later, a number of mutations in mtDNA were identified as a cause of severe inheritable metabolic diseases with neurological manifestation, and the impairment of mitochondrial functions has been probed in the pathogenesis of a wide range of illnesses including neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, a growing number of preclinical studies have revealed that animal behaviors are influenced by the impairment of mitochondrial functions and possibly by the loss of mitochondrial stress resilience. Indeed, as high as 54% of patients with one of the most common primary mitochondrial diseases, mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome, present psychiatric symptoms including cognitive impairment, mood disorder, anxiety, and psychosis. Mitochondria are multifunctional organelles which produce cellular energy and play a major role in other cellular functions including homeostasis, cellular signaling, and gene expression, among others. Mitochondrial functions are observed to be compromised and to become less resilient under continuous stress. Meanwhile, stress and inflammation have been linked to the activation of the tryptophan (Trp)-kynurenine (KYN) metabolic system, which observably contributes to the development of pathological conditions including neurological and psychiatric disorders. This review discusses the functions of mitochondria and the Trp-KYN system, the interaction of the Trp-KYN system with mitochondria, and the current understanding of the involvement of mitochondria and the Trp-KYN system in preclinical and clinical studies of major neurological and psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Tanaka
- ELKH-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Danube Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, University of Szeged (ELKH-SZTE), Tisza Lajos krt. 113, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Szabó
- Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, Korányi fasor 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eleonóra Spekker
- ELKH-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Danube Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, University of Szeged (ELKH-SZTE), Tisza Lajos krt. 113, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Helga Polyák
- Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, Korányi fasor 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Fanni Tóth
- ELKH-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Danube Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, University of Szeged (ELKH-SZTE), Tisza Lajos krt. 113, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Vécsei
- ELKH-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Danube Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, University of Szeged (ELKH-SZTE), Tisza Lajos krt. 113, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
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20
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Bu X, Liu C, Fu B. Research progress of the paraventricular thalamus in the regulation of sleep-wake and emotional behaviors. IBRAIN 2022; 8:219-226. [PMID: 37786895 PMCID: PMC10529009 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The paraventricular thalamus (PVT) is a major component of the midline structure of the thalamus. It is one of the nonspecific nuclei of the thalamus, which plays a great role in the regulation of cortical arousal. PVT, an important node in the central nervous system, sends widespread outputs to many brain regions and also accepts plentiful inputs from many brain regions to modulate diverse functions, including sleep-wake state, attention, memory, and pain. Recently, with the increasing prevalence of sleep disorders and mood disorders, people pay great attention to PVT, which was implicated in arousal and emotional behaviors. Therefore, the main purpose of this review is to illustrate the characteristic of PVT to provide a reference for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Li Bu
- Department of Intensive Care MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Cheng‐Xi Liu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ ProtectionZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Bao Fu
- Department of Intensive Care MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
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21
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Hui KK, Endo R, Sawa A, Tanaka M. A Perspective on the Potential Involvement of Impaired Proteostasis in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 91:335-345. [PMID: 34836635 PMCID: PMC8792182 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent genetic approaches have demonstrated that genetic factors contribute to the pathologic origins of neuropsychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, the exact pathophysiological mechanism for most cases remains unclear. Recent studies have demonstrated alterations in pathways of protein homeostasis (proteostasis) and identified several proteins that are misfolded and/or aggregated in the brains of patients with neuropsychiatric disorders, thus providing early evidence that disrupted proteostasis may be a contributing factor to their pathophysiology. Unlike neurodegenerative disorders in which massive neuronal and synaptic losses are observed, proteostasis impairments in neuropsychiatric disorders do not lead to robust neuronal death, but rather likely act via loss- and gain-of-function effects to disrupt neuronal and synaptic functions. Furthermore, abnormal activation of or overwhelmed endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial quality control pathways may exacerbate the pathophysiological changes initiated by impaired proteostasis, as these organelles are critical for proper neuronal functions and involved in the maintenance of proteostasis. This perspective article reviews recent findings implicating proteostasis impairments in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders and explores how neuronal and synaptic functions may be impacted by disruptions in protein homeostasis. A greater understanding of the contributions by proteostasis impairment in neuropsychiatric disorders will help guide future studies to identify additional candidate proteins and new targets for therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin K Hui
- Center for Autophagy Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Ryo Endo
- Laboratory for Protein Conformation Diseases, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Neuroscience, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Genetic Medicine, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Motomasa Tanaka
- Laboratory for Protein Conformation Diseases, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
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22
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Kageyama Y, Deguchi Y, Kasahara T, Tani M, Kuroda K, Inoue K, Kato T. Intra-individual state-dependent comparison of plasma mitochondrial DNA copy number and IL-6 levels in patients with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2022; 299:644-651. [PMID: 34715189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with bipolar disorder (BD) have increased plasma IL-6 levels, which are higher in depressed BD (dBD) than remitted BD (rBD). However, the mechanism that differentiates the cytokine levels between dBD and rBD is not understood. First, we determined whether brain-derived mtDNA can be detected in plasma using neuron-specific mutant Polg1 transgenic (Tg) mice. Second, we investigated whether the plasma circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (ccf-mtDNA) differentiate the cytokine levels between dBD and rBD. METHODS Mouse plasma ccf-mtDNA levels were measured using real-time PCR targeting two regions of the mtDNA (CO1 and d-loop) in Tg mice and non-Tg littermates. Human plasma ccf-mtDNA levels were measured using real-time PCR targeting two regions of the mtDNA (ND1 and ND4) and IL-6 levels were evaluated in 10 patients in different states (depressed and remitted) of BD in a longitudinal manner and 10 healthy controls. RESULTS The mouse plasma CO1/D-loop ratio was significantly lower in Tg than non-Tg mice (P = 0.0029). Human plasma ccf-mtDNA copy number, ND4/ND1 ratio, and IL-6 levels were not significantly different between dBD and rBD. Human plasma ccf-mtDNA levels showed a nominal significant correlation with delusional symptoms (P = 0.033, ρ = 0.68). LIMITATIONS A larger sample size is required to generalize the results and to determine whether plasma ccf-mtDNA is associated with systemic inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Tg mice revealed that brain-derived mtDNA could be present in peripheral blood. The present findings did not coincide with our hypothesis that plasma ccf-mtDNA differentiates the cytokine levels between dBD and rBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kageyama
- Department of Psychiatry, and Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiko Deguchi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takaoki Kasahara
- Career Development Program, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Kenji Kuroda
- Department of Psychiatry, Hannan Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koki Inoue
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Phenethylamine is a substrate of monoamine oxidase B in the paraventricular thalamic nucleus. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17. [PMID: 34996979 PMCID: PMC8742005 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03885-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is a key enzyme responsible for the degradation of neurotransmitters and trace amines. MAO has two subtypes (MAO-A and MAO-B) that are encoded by different genes. In the brain, MAO-B is highly expressed in the paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT); however, its substrate in PVT remains unclear. To identify the MAO-B substrate in PVT, we generated Maob knockout (KO) mice and measured five candidate substrates (i.e., noradrenaline, dopamine, 3-methoxytyramine, serotonin, and phenethylamine [PEA]) by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. We showed that only PEA levels were markedly elevated in the PVT of Maob KO mice. To exclude the influence of peripheral MAO-B deficiency, we developed brain-specific Maob KO mice, finding that PEA in the PVT was increased in brain-specific Maob KO mice, whereas the extent of PEA increase was less than that in global Maob KO mice. Given that plasma PEA levels were elevated in global KO mice, but not in brain–specific KO mice, and that PEA passes across the blood–brain barrier, the substantial accumulation of PEA in the PVT of Maob KO mice was likely due to the increase in plasma PEA. These data suggest that PEA is a substrate of MAO-B in the PVT as well as other tissues.
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24
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Sugawara H, Bundo M, Kasahara T, Nakachi Y, Ueda J, Kubota-Sakashita M, Iwamoto K, Kato T. Cell-type-specific DNA methylation analysis of the frontal cortices of mutant Polg1 transgenic mice with neuronal accumulation of deleted mitochondrial DNA. Mol Brain 2022; 15:9. [PMID: 34991677 PMCID: PMC8740475 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-021-00894-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by repeated conflicting manic and depressive states. In addition to genetic factors, complex gene–environment interactions, which alter the epigenetic status in the brain, contribute to the etiology and pathophysiology of BD. Here, we performed a promoter-wide DNA methylation analysis of neurons and nonneurons derived from the frontal cortices of mutant Polg1 transgenic (n = 6) and wild-type mice (n = 6). The mutant mice expressed a proofreading-deficient mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymerase under the neuron-specific CamK2a promoter and showed BD-like behavioral abnormalities, such as activity changes and altered circadian rhythms. We identified a total of 469 differentially methylated regions (DMRs), consisting of 267 neuronal and 202 nonneuronal DMRs. Gene ontology analysis of DMR-associated genes showed that cell cycle-, cell division-, and inhibition of peptide activity-related genes were enriched in neurons, whereas synapse- and GABA-related genes were enriched in nonneurons. Among the DMR-associated genes, Trim2 and Lrpprc showed an inverse relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression status. In addition, we observed that mutant Polg1 transgenic mice shared several features of DNA methylation changes in postmortem brains of patients with BD, such as dominant hypomethylation changes in neurons, which include hypomethylation of the molecular motor gene and altered DNA methylation of synapse-related genes in nonneurons. Taken together, the DMRs identified in this study will contribute to understanding the pathophysiology of BD from an epigenetic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Sugawara
- Department of Psychiatry, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miki Bundo
- Department of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takaoki Kasahara
- Career Development Program, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nakachi
- Department of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Junko Ueda
- Department of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Mie Kubota-Sakashita
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavior Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Kazuya Iwamoto
- Department of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavior Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan.
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25
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KATO TADAFUMI. Bipolar Disorder: From Pathophysiology to Treatment. JUNTENDO IJI ZASSHI = JUNTENDO MEDICAL JOURNAL 2021; 68:17-24. [PMID: 38911011 PMCID: PMC11189790 DOI: 10.14789/jmj.jmj21-0026-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder is a mental disorder that involves a manic or hypomanic state and a depressive state, and was once called manic-depressive disorder and was considered one of the two major mental disorders along with schizophrenia. Major depressive disorder, on the other hand, is a disorder in which only depressive states occur, and the two are sometimes referred to together as "mood disorders. This review will introduce the pathophysiology, diagnosis, epidemiology, and treatment of bipolar disorder, focusing on the current situation in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- TADAFUMI KATO
- Corresponding author: Tadafumi Kato, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan TEL: +81-3-5802-1070 FAX: +81-3-5802-1070 E-mail:
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26
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Nakajima K, Ishiwata M, Weitemier AZ, Shoji H, Monai H, Miyamoto H, Yamakawa K, Miyakawa T, McHugh TJ, Kato T. Brain-specific heterozygous loss-of-function of ATP2A2, endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump responsible for Darier's disease, causes behavioral abnormalities and a hyper-dopaminergic state. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:1762-1772. [PMID: 34104969 PMCID: PMC8411987 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A report of a family of Darier's disease with mood disorders drew attention when the causative gene was identified as ATP2A2 (or SERCA2), which encodes a Ca2+ pump on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and is important for intracellular Ca2+ signaling. Recently, it was found that loss-of-function mutations of ATP2A2 confer a risk of neuropsychiatric disorders including depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. In addition, a genome-wide association study found an association between ATP2A2 and schizophrenia. However, the mechanism of how ATP2A2 contributes to vulnerability to these mental disorders is unknown. Here, we analyzed Atp2a2 heterozygous brain-specific conditional knockout (hetero cKO) mice. The ER membranes prepared from the hetero cKO mouse brain showed decreased Ca2+ uptake activity. In Atp2a2 heterozygous neurons, decays of cytosolic Ca2+ level were slower than control neurons after depolarization. The hetero cKO mice showed altered behavioral responses to novel environments and impairments in fear memory, suggestive of enhanced dopamine signaling. In vivo dialysis demonstrated that extracellular dopamine levels in the NAc were indeed higher in the hetero cKO mice. These results altogether indicate that the haploinsufficiency of Atp2a2 in the brain causes prolonged cytosolic Ca2+ transients, which possibly results in enhanced dopamine signaling, a common feature of mood disorders and schizophrenia. These findings elucidate how ATP2A2 mutations causing a dermatological disease may exert their pleiotropic effects on the brain and confer a risk for mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Nakajima
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Mizuho Ishiwata
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Adam Z Weitemier
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Shoji
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hiromu Monai
- Laboratory for Neuron-Glia Circuitry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Faculty of Core Research Natural Science Division, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Miyamoto
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yamakawa
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Neurodevelopmental Disorder Genetics, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Miyakawa
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Thomas J McHugh
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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27
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Nakamura T, Nakajima K, Kobayashi Y, Itohara S, Kasahara T, Tsuboi T, Kato T. Functional and behavioral effects of de novo mutations in calcium-related genes in patients with bipolar disorder. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:1851-1862. [PMID: 34100076 PMCID: PMC8444452 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder is a common mental illness occurring in approximately 1% of individuals and exhibits lifetime prevalence. Although genetic factors are known to contribute to this disorder, the genetic architecture has not yet been completely clarified. Our initial trio-based exome sequencing study of bipolar disorder showed enrichment of de novo, loss-of-function (LOF) or protein-altering mutations in a combined group with bipolar I and schizoaffective disorders, and the identified de novo mutations were enriched in calcium-related genes. These findings suggested a role for de novo mutations in bipolar disorder. The validity of these statistical associations can be demonstrated if the functional impact of the mutations on cellular function and behavior are identified. In this study, we focused on two de novo LOF mutations in calcium-related genes, EHD1 and MACF1, found in patients with bipolar disorder. We first showed that the EHD1 mutation resulted in a truncated protein with diminished effect on neurite outgrowth and inhibited endocytosis. Next, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to establish two knock-in mouse lines to model the in vivo effects of these mutations. We performed behavioral screening using IntelliCage and long-term wheel running analysis. Ehd1 mutant mice showed higher activity in the light phase. Macf1 mutant mice showed diminished attention and persistence to rewards. These behavioral alterations were similar to the phenotypes in previously proposed animal models of bipolar disorder. These findings endorse the possible role of de novo mutations as a component of the genetic architecture of bipolar disorder which was suggested by the statistical evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Nakamura
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nakajima
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuki Kobayashi
- Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Itohara
- Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takaoki Kasahara
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuboi
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
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28
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Zhao D, Liu C, Cui M, Liu J, Meng F, Lian H, Wang D, Hu F, Liu D, Li C. The paraventricular thalamus input to central amygdala controls depression-related behaviors. Exp Neurol 2021; 342:113744. [PMID: 33965409 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The dysregulation of neuronal networks may contribute to the etiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the neural connections underlying the symptoms of MDD have yet to be elucidated. Here, we observed that glutamatergic neurons in the paraventricular thalamus (PVT) were activated by chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) with higher expression numbers of ΔFosB-labeled neurons and protein expression levels, activation of PVT neurons caused depressive-like phenotypes, whereas suppression of PVT neuronal activity induced an antidepressant effect in male, but not female mice, which were achieved by using a chemogenetic approach. Moreover, we found that PVT glutamatergic neurons showed strong neuronal projections to the central amygdala (CeA), activation of the CeA-projecting neurons in PVT or the neuronal terminals of PVT-CeA projection neurons induced depression-related behaviors or showed enhanced stress-induced susceptibility. These results suggest that PVT is a key depression-controlling nucleus, and PVT-CeA projection regulates depression-related behaviors in a sex-dependent manner, which could be served as an essential pathway for morbidity and treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhao
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Cuilan Liu
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Minghu Cui
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Fantao Meng
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Haifeng Lian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Fengai Hu
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Dunjiang Liu
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Li
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
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Kark SM, Birnie MT, Baram TZ, Yassa MA. Functional Connectivity of the Human Paraventricular Thalamic Nucleus: Insights From High Field Functional MRI. Front Integr Neurosci 2021; 15:662293. [PMID: 33967711 PMCID: PMC8096909 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2021.662293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT) is a small but highly connected nucleus of the dorsal midline thalamus. The PVT has garnered recent attention as a context-sensitive node within the thalamocortical arousal system that modulates state-dependent motivated behaviors. Once considered related to generalized arousal responses with non-specific impacts on behavior, accumulating evidence bolsters the contemporary view that discrete midline thalamic subnuclei belong to specialized corticolimbic and corticostriatal circuits related to attention, emotions, and cognition. However, the functional connectivity patterns of the human PVT have yet to be mapped. Here, we combined high-quality, high-resolution 7T and 3T resting state MRI data from 121 young adult participants from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) and thalamic subnuclei atlas masks to investigate resting state functional connectivity of the human PVT. The 7T results demonstrated extensive positive functional connectivity with the brainstem, midbrain, ventral and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), anterior and posterior cingulate, ventral striatum, hippocampus, and amygdala. These connections persist upon controlling for functional connectivity of the rest of the thalamus. Whole-brain contrasts provided further evidence that, compared to three nearby midline thalamic subnuclei, functional connectivity of the PVT is strong with the hippocampus, amygdala, ventral and dorsal mPFC, and middle temporal gyrus. These findings suggest that, even during rest, the human PVT is functionally coupled with many regions known to be structurally connected to rodent and non-human primate PVT. Further, cosine similarity analysis results suggested the PVT is integrated into the default mode network (DMN), an intrinsic connectivity network associated with episodic memory and self-referential thought. The current work provides a much-needed foundation for ongoing and future work examining the functional roles of the PVT in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Kark
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Matthew T. Birnie
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Tallie Z. Baram
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Michael A. Yassa
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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Zitkovsky EK, Daniels TE, Tyrka AR. Mitochondria and early-life adversity. Mitochondrion 2021; 57:213-221. [PMID: 33484871 PMCID: PMC8172448 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Early-life adversity (ELA), which includes maltreatment, neglect, or severe trauma in childhood, increases the life-long risk for negative health outcomes. Mitochondria play a key role in the stress response and may be an important mechanism by which stress is transduced into biological risk for disease. By responding to cues from stress-signaling pathways, mitochondria interact dynamically with physiological stress responses coordinated by the central nervous, endocrine, and immune systems. Preclinical evidence suggests that alterations in mitochondrial function and structure are linked to both early stress and systemic biological dysfunction. Early clinical studies support that increased mitochondrial DNA content and altered cellular energy demands may be present in individuals with a history of ELA. Further research should investigate mitochondria as a potential therapeutic target following ELA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily K Zitkovsky
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, 345 Blackstone Boulevard, Providence, RI 02906, USA; Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 222 Richmond St, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
| | - Teresa E Daniels
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, 345 Blackstone Boulevard, Providence, RI 02906, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 345 Blackstone Boulevard, Providence, RI 02906, USA.
| | - Audrey R Tyrka
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, 345 Blackstone Boulevard, Providence, RI 02906, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 345 Blackstone Boulevard, Providence, RI 02906, USA.
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Wang J, Li HY, Shen SY, Zhang JR, Liang LF, Huang HJ, Li B, Wu GC, Zhang YQ, Yu J. The antidepressant and anxiolytic effect of GPER on translocator protein (TSPO) via protein kinase a (PKA) signaling in menopausal female rats. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 207:105807. [PMID: 33345973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Postmenopausal depression is mainly caused by the deprivation of ovarian hormones during menopausal transition, it is of great importance to study on the treatment that could effectively relieve symptoms of menopausal depression with fewer side effects. Activation of G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) has long been reported to facilitate neuronal plasticity and improve cognition in animals. Meanwhile, it could participate in regulation of intracellular signaling pathways through the characteristic of GPER, ameliorate intracellular mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. However, the impact of GPER on regulating estrogen deprived-depressant and anxious behaviors is still largely unknown. Here we used the ovariectomized female rats to imitate the condition of menopause. Owing to the lateral ventricle administration of G-1 which specifically react with GPER receptor intracerebrally, Ovariectomized (OVX) female rats showed depressive- or anxiety-like phenotypes with attenuated mitochondrial function. In addition, G-1 facilitated PKA activation, which further accelerated TSPO phosphorylation and alleviated menopausal depression- and anxiety-like behaviors. Moreover, PKA inhibitor PKI could partially antagonized the anti-anxiety and anti-depression effects of G-1. Taken together, we concluded that GPER activation might exhibit antidepressant and anxiolytic effect by elevating TSPO phosphorylation via protein kinase A signaling and rescuing the redox status in menopausal female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hao-Yuan Li
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shi-Yu Shen
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jia-Rui Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ling-Feng Liang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hui-Jie Huang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bing Li
- Center Laboratories, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Gen-Cheng Wu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu-Qiu Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Curtis GR, Oakes K, Barson JR. Expression and Distribution of Neuropeptide-Expressing Cells Throughout the Rodent Paraventricular Nucleus of the Thalamus. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 14:634163. [PMID: 33584216 PMCID: PMC7873951 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.634163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) has been shown to make significant contributions to affective and motivated behavior, but a comprehensive description of the neurochemicals expressed in the cells of this brain region has never been presented. While the PVT is believed to be composed of projection neurons that primarily use as their neurotransmitter the excitatory amino acid, glutamate, several neuropeptides have also been described in this brain region. In this review article, we combine published literature with our observations from the Allen Brain Atlas to describe in detail the expression and distribution of neuropeptides in cells throughout the mouse and rat PVT, with a special focus on neuropeptides known to be involved in behavior. Several themes emerge from this investigation. First, while the majority of neuropeptides are expressed across the antero-posterior axis of the PVT, they generally exist in a gradient, in which expression is most dense but not exclusive in either the anterior or posterior PVT, although other neuropeptides display somewhat more equal expression in the anterior and posterior PVT but have reduced expression in the middle PVT. Second, we find overall that neuropeptides involved in arousal are more highly expressed in the anterior PVT, those involved in depression-like behavior are more highly expressed in the posterior PVT, and those involved in reward are more highly expressed in the medial PVT, while those involved in the intake of food and drugs of abuse are distributed throughout the PVT. Third, the pattern and content of neuropeptide expression in mice and rats appear not to be identical, and many neuropeptides found in the mouse PVT have not yet been demonstrated in the rat. Thus, while significantly more work is required to uncover the expression patterns and specific roles of individual neuropeptides in the PVT, the evidence thus far supports the existence of a diverse yet highly organized system of neuropeptides in this nucleus. Determined in part by their location within the PVT and their network of projections, the function of the neuropeptides in this system likely involves intricate coordination to influence both affective and motivated behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve R Curtis
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kathleen Oakes
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jessica R Barson
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Nakajima K, Miranda A, Craig DW, Shekhtman T, Kmoch S, Bleyer A, Szelinger S, Kato T, Kelsoe JR. Ntrk1 mutation co-segregating with bipolar disorder and inherited kidney disease in a multiplex family causes defects in neuronal growth and depression-like behavior in mice. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:407. [PMID: 33235206 PMCID: PMC7687911 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01087-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported a family in which bipolar disorder (BD) co-segregates with a Mendelian kidney disorder linked to 1q22. The causative renal gene was later identified as MUC1. Genome-wide linkage analysis of BD in the family yielded a peak at 1q22 that encompassed the NTRK1 and MUC1 genes. NTRK1 codes for TrkA (Tropomyosin-related kinase A) which is essential for development of the cholinergic nervous system. Whole genome sequencing of the proband identified a damaging missense mutation, E492K, in NTRK1. Induced pluripotent stem cells were generated from family members, and then differentiated to neural stem cells (NSCs). E492K NSCs had reduced neurite outgrowth. A conditional knock-in mouse line, harboring the point mutation in the brain, showed depression-like behavior in the tail suspension test following challenge by physostigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor. These results are consistent with the cholinergic hypothesis of depression. They imply that the NTRK1 E492K mutation, impairs cholinergic neurotransmission, and may convey susceptibility to bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Nakajima
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Alannah Miranda
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - David W Craig
- Department of Genetics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Tatyana Shekhtman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Stanislav Kmoch
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Anthony Bleyer
- Section on Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Szabolcs Szelinger
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Arizona, USA
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan.
- Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - John R Kelsoe
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA.
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA.
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34
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Barson JR, Mack NR, Gao WJ. The Paraventricular Nucleus of the Thalamus Is an Important Node in the Emotional Processing Network. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 14:598469. [PMID: 33192373 PMCID: PMC7658442 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.598469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) has for decades been acknowledged to be an important node in the limbic system, but studies of emotional processing generally fail to incorporate it into their investigational framework. Here, we propose that the PVT should be considered as an integral part of the emotional processing network. Through its distinct subregions, cell populations, and connections with other limbic nuclei, the PVT participates in both major features of emotion: arousal and valence. The PVT, particularly the anterior PVT, can through its neuronal activity promote arousal, both as part of the sleep-wake cycle and in response to novel stimuli. It is also involved in reward, being both responsive to rewarding stimuli and itself affecting behavior reflecting reward, likely via specific populations of cells distributed throughout its subregions. Similarly, neuronal activity in the PVT contributes to depression-like behavior, through yet undefined subregions. The posterior PVT in particular demonstrates a role in anxiety-like behavior, generally promoting but also inhibiting this behavior. This subregion is also especially responsive to stressors, and it functions to suppress the stress response following chronic stress exposure. In addition to participating in unconditioned or primary emotional responses, the PVT also makes major contributions to conditioned emotional behavior. Neuronal activity in response to a reward-predictive cue can be detected throughout the PVT, and endogenous activity in the posterior PVT strongly predicts approach or seeking behavior. Similarly, neuronal activity during conditioned fear retrieval is detected in the posterior PVT and its activation facilitates the expression of conditioned fear. Much of this involvement of the PVT in arousal and valence has been shown to occur through the same general afferents and efferents, including connections with the hypothalamus, prelimbic and infralimbic cortices, nucleus accumbens, and amygdala, although a detailed functional map of the PVT circuits that control emotional responses remains to be delineated. Thus, while caveats exist and more work is required, the PVT, through its extensive connections with other prominent nuclei in the limbic system, appears to be an integral part of the emotional processing network.
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35
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Bagge EK, Fujimori-Tonou N, Kubota-Sakashita M, Kasahara T, Kato T. Unbiased PCR-free spatio-temporal mapping of the mtDNA mutation spectrum reveals brain region-specific responses to replication instability. BMC Biol 2020; 18:150. [PMID: 33097039 PMCID: PMC7585204 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-020-00890-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The accumulation of mtDNA mutations in different tissues from various mouse models has been widely studied especially in the context of mtDNA mutation-driven ageing but has been confounded by the inherent limitations of the most widely used approaches. By implementing a method to sequence mtDNA without PCR amplification prior to library preparation, we map the full unbiased mtDNA mutation spectrum across six distinct brain regions from mice. Results We demonstrate that ageing-induced levels of mtDNA mutations (single nucleotide variants and deletions) reach stable levels at 50 weeks of age but can be further elevated specifically in the cortex, nucleus accumbens (NAc), and paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT) by expression of a proof-reading-deficient mitochondrial DNA polymerase, PolgD181A. The increase in single nucleotide variants increases the fraction of shared SNVs as well as their frequency, while characteristics of deletions remain largely unaffected. In addition, PolgD181A also induces an ageing-dependent accumulation of non-coding control-region multimers in NAc and PVT, a feature that appears almost non-existent in wild-type mice. Conclusions Our data provide a novel view of the spatio-temporal accumulation of mtDNA mutations using very limited tissue input. The differential response of brain regions to a state of replication instability provides insight into a possible heterogenic mitochondrial landscape across the brain that may be involved in the ageing phenotype and mitochondria-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Kristine Bagge
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Noriko Fujimori-Tonou
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan.,Current address: Support Unit for Bio-Material Analysis, Research Resources Division, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mie Kubota-Sakashita
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takaoki Kasahara
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan.,Current address: Career Development Program, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan. .,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
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36
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Wei D, Lin Z, Franco-Barranco D, Wendt N, Liu X, Yin W, Huang X, Gupta A, Jang WD, Wang X, Arganda-Carreras I, Lichtman JW, Pfister H. MitoEM Dataset: Large-scale 3D Mitochondria Instance Segmentation from EM Images. MEDICAL IMAGE COMPUTING AND COMPUTER-ASSISTED INTERVENTION : MICCAI ... INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEDICAL IMAGE COMPUTING AND COMPUTER-ASSISTED INTERVENTION 2020; 12265:66-76. [PMID: 33283212 PMCID: PMC7713709 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-59722-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Electron microscopy (EM) allows the identification of intracellular organelles such as mitochondria, providing insights for clinical and scientific studies. However, public mitochondria segmentation datasets only contain hundreds of instances with simple shapes. It is unclear if existing methods achieving human-level accuracy on these small datasets are robust in practice. To this end, we introduce the MitoEM dataset, a 3D mitochondria instance segmentation dataset with two (30μm)3 volumes from human and rat cortices respectively, 3, 600× larger than previous benchmarks. With around 40K instances, we find a great diversity of mitochondria in terms of shape and density. For evaluation, we tailor the implementation of the average precision (AP) metric for 3D data with a 45× speedup. On MitoEM, we find existing instance segmentation methods often fail to correctly segment mitochondria with complex shapes or close contacts with other instances. Thus, our MitoEM dataset poses new challenges to the field. We release our code and data: https://donglaiw.github.io/page/mitoEM/index.html.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ignacio Arganda-Carreras
- Donostia International Physics Center
- University of the Basque Country
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science
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37
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Karabatsiakis A, Schönfeldt-Lecuona C. Depression, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and electroconvulsive therapy: a new approach towards personalized medicine in psychiatric treatment - a short review and current perspective. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:226. [PMID: 32647150 PMCID: PMC7347855 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-00901-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a globally occurring phenomenon and developed into a severe socio-economic challenge. Despite decades of research, the underlying pathophysiological processes of MDD remain incompletely resolved. Like other mental disorders, MDD is hypothesized to mainly affect the central nervous system (CNS). An increasing body of research indicates MDD to also change somatic functioning, which impairs the physiological performance of the whole organism. As a consequence, a paradigm shift seems reasonable towards a systemic view of how MDD affects the body. The same applies to treatment strategies, which mainly focus on the CNS. One new approach highlights changes in the bioenergetic supply and intracellular network dynamics of mitochondria for the pathophysiological understanding of MDD. Mitochondria, organelles of mostly all eukaryotic cells, use carbon compounds to provide biochemical energy in terms of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is the bioenergetic currency and the main driver for enzymatic activity in all cells and tissues. Clinical symptoms of MDD including fatigue, difficulties concentrating, and lack of motivation were reported to be associated with impaired mitochondrial ATP production and changes in the density of the mitochondrial network. Additionally, the severity of these symptoms correlates negatively with mitochondrial functioning. Psychotherapy, antidepressant medication, and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), a method used to treat severe and treatment-resistant forms of MDD, achieve robust antidepressant effects. The biological mechanisms beyond the treatment response to antidepressant strategies are partially understood. Here, mitochondrial functioning is discussed as a promising new biomarker for diagnosis and treatment effects in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Schönfeldt-Lecuona
- Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III, Ulm University Clinic, Ulm, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
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38
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Wei Q, Zhou W, Zheng J, Li D, Wang M, Feng L, Huang W, Yang N, Han M, Ma X, Liu Y. Antidepressant effects of 3-(3,4-methylenedioxy-5-trifluoromethyl phenyl)-2E-propenoic acid isobutyl amide involve TSPO-mediated mitophagy signalling pathway. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 127:380-388. [PMID: 32511877 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Piper laetispicum C. DC is one of the Chinese herbal medicines used for alleviating depressive disorders. G11-5 [3-(3, 4-methylenedioxy-5-trifluoromethyl phenyl)-2E-propenoic acid isobutyl amide] is synthesized based on the chemical structure of an active integrant of Piper laetispicum C. DC. The present study assessed the antidepressant effect of G11-5 and investigated the underlying mechanism with learned helplessness (LH) and social defeat stress (SDS) mice model of depression. In the LH model, mice were exposed to 60 inescapable electric shocks once a day for three consecutive days followed by 2-week drug administration and helpless behaviour assessment. In the SDS model, mice were subjected to repeated social defeat by an aggressive CD-1 mouse once a day for consecutive 10 days. Following oral administration for 2 weeks, the mice were subjected to a series of behavioural tests including social interaction test. G11-5 significantly decreased the number of escape failures induced by LH paradigm, meanwhile increased the social interaction ratio and shortened the immobility time in forced swimming test for the SDS-exposed mice, suggesting remarkable antidepressant effect. Moreover, G11-5 ameliorated the changes in mitophagy-related proteins induced by two stress exposures and restored retrograde axonal transport and neurotransmitter release. Our findings suggested that G11-5 exhibited an obvious antidepressant through TSPO-mediated mitophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wei
- Medical College, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Wangyi Zhou
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Centre, Tasly Institute, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Ji Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Min Han
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Centre, Tasly Institute, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Centre, Tasly Institute, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yanyong Liu
- Medical College, Tibet University, Lhasa, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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39
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Kasahara T, Kubota-Sakashita M, Nagatsuka Y, Hirabayashi Y, Hanasaka T, Tohyama K, Kato T. Cardiolipin is essential for early embryonic viability and mitochondrial integrity of neurons in mammals. FASEB J 2019; 34:1465-1480. [PMID: 31914590 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901598r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL) is a hallmark phospholipid of mitochondria and plays a significant role in maintaining the mitochondrial structure and functions. Despite the physiological importance of CL, mutant organisms, yeast, Arabidopsis, C elegans, and Drosophila, which lack CL synthase (Crls1) gene and consequently are deprived of CL, are viable. Here we report conditional Crls1-deficient mice using targeted insertion of loxP sequences flanking the functional domain of CRLS1 enzyme. Homozygous null mutant mice exhibited early embryonic lethality at the peri-implantation stage. We generated neuron-specific Crls1 knockout (cKO) mice by crossing with Camk2α-Cre mice. Neuronal loss and gliosis were gradually manifested in the forebrains, where CL levels were significantly decreased. In the surviving neurons, malformed mitochondria with bubble-like or onion-like inner membrane structures were observed. We showed decreased supercomplex assembly and reduced enzymatic activities of electron transport chain complexes in the forebrain of cKO mice, resulting in affected mitochondrial calcium dynamics, a slower rate of Ca2+ uptake and a smaller calcium retention capacity. These observations clearly demonstrate indispensable roles of CL as well as of Crls1 gene in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaoki Kasahara
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-shi, Japan
| | - Mie Kubota-Sakashita
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-shi, Japan
| | - Yasuko Nagatsuka
- Division of Hematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - Yoshio Hirabayashi
- Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Japan.,Institute for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu-shi, Japan
| | - Tomohito Hanasaka
- Department of Physiology School of Dentistry, The Center for Electron Microscopy and Bio-Imaging Research, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba-cho, Japan
| | - Koujiro Tohyama
- Department of Physiology School of Dentistry, The Center for Electron Microscopy and Bio-Imaging Research, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba-cho, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-shi, Japan
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40
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Hjelm BE, Rollins B, Morgan L, Sequeira A, Mamdani F, Pereira F, Damas J, Webb MG, Weber MD, Schatzberg AF, Barchas JD, Lee FS, Akil H, Watson SJ, Myers RM, Chao EC, Kimonis V, Thompson PM, Bunney WE, Vawter MP. Splice-Break: exploiting an RNA-seq splice junction algorithm to discover mitochondrial DNA deletion breakpoints and analyses of psychiatric disorders. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:e59. [PMID: 30869147 PMCID: PMC6547454 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletions in the 16.6 kb mitochondrial genome have been implicated in numerous disorders that often display muscular and/or neurological symptoms due to the high-energy demands of these tissues. We describe a catalogue of 4489 putative mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions, including their frequency and relative read rate, using a combinatorial approach of mitochondria-targeted PCR, next-generation sequencing, bioinformatics, post-hoc filtering, annotation, and validation steps. Our bioinformatics pipeline uses MapSplice, an RNA-seq splice junction detection algorithm, to detect and quantify mtDNA deletion breakpoints rather than mRNA splices. Analyses of 93 samples from postmortem brain and blood found (i) the 4977 bp ‘common deletion’ was neither the most frequent deletion nor the most abundant; (ii) brain contained significantly more deletions than blood; (iii) many high frequency deletions were previously reported in MitoBreak, suggesting they are present at low levels in metabolically active tissues and are not exclusive to individuals with diagnosed mitochondrial pathologies; (iv) many individual deletions (and cumulative metrics) had significant and positive correlations with age and (v) the highest deletion burdens were observed in major depressive disorder brain, at levels greater than Kearns–Sayre Syndrome muscle. Collectively, these data suggest the Splice-Break pipeline can detect and quantify mtDNA deletions at a high level of resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke E Hjelm
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California-Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA 92697, USA.,Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Brandi Rollins
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California-Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Ling Morgan
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California-Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Adolfo Sequeira
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California-Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Firoza Mamdani
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California-Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Filipe Pereira
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Matosinhos 4050-123, Portugal
| | - Joana Damas
- The Genome Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Michelle G Webb
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Matthieu D Weber
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California-Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Alan F Schatzberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jack D Barchas
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College at Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Francis S Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College at Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Huda Akil
- The Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Stanley J Watson
- The Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Richard M Myers
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Chao
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UCI, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Virginia Kimonis
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, UCI, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Peter M Thompson
- Southwest Brain Bank, Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (TTUHSC), El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - William E Bunney
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California-Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Marquis P Vawter
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California-Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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41
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Kato TM, Fujimori-Tonou N, Mizukami H, Ozawa K, Fujisawa S, Kato T. Presynaptic dysregulation of the paraventricular thalamic nucleus causes depression-like behavior. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16506. [PMID: 31712646 PMCID: PMC6848207 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52984-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT) is a part of epithalamus and sends outputs to emotion-related brain areas such as the medial prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, and amygdala. Various functional roles of the PVT in emotion-related behaviors are drawing attention. Here, we investigated the effect of manipulation of PVT neurons on the firing patterns of medial prefrontal cortical (mPFC) neurons and depression-like behavior. Extracellular single-unit recordings revealed that acute activation of PVT neurons by hM3Dq, an activation type of designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs), and administration of clozapine N-oxide (CNO) caused firing rate changes in mPFC neurons. Moreover, chronic presynaptic inhibition in PVT neurons by tetanus toxin (TeTX) increased the proportion of interneurons among firing neurons in mPFC and shortened the immobility time in the forced swimming test, whereas long-term activation of PVT neurons by hM3Dq caused recurrent hypoactivity episodes. These findings suggest that PVT neurons regulate the excitation/inhibition balance in the mPFC and mood stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki M Kato
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Fundamental Cell Technology, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noriko Fujimori-Tonou
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mizukami
- Division of Genetic Therapeutics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Keiya Ozawa
- Division of Genetic Therapeutics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Fujisawa
- Laboratory for Systems Neurophysiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
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42
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Seki T, Yamagata H, Uchida S, Chen C, Kobayashi A, Kobayashi M, Harada K, Matsuo K, Watanabe Y, Nakagawa S. Altered expression of long noncoding RNAs in patients with major depressive disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 117:92-99. [PMID: 31351391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, its pathophysiology is poorly understood. Increasing evidence suggests that aberrant regulation of transcription plays a key role in the pathophysiology of MDD. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recognized for their important functions in chromatin structure, gene expression, and the subsequent manifestation of various biological processes in the central nervous system. However, it is unclear whether the aberrant expression and function of lncRNAs are associated with the pathophysiology of MDD. In this study, we sought to evaluate the expression of lncRNAs in peripheral blood leukocytes as potential biomarkers for MDD. We measured the expression levels of 83 lncRNAs in the peripheral blood leukocytes of 29 MDD patients and 29 age- and gender-matched healthy controls using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis. We found that MDD patients exhibited distinct expression signatures. Specifically, the expression level of one lncRNA (RMRP) was lower while the levels of four (Y5, MER11C, PCAT1, and PCAT29) were higher in MDD patients compared to healthy controls. The expression level of RMRP was correlated with depression severity as measured by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). Moreover, RMRP expression was lower in a mouse model of depression, corroborating the observation from MDD patients. Taken together, our data suggest that lower RMRP levels may serve as a potential biomarker for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoe Seki
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Yamagata
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
| | - Shusaku Uchida
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Chong Chen
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Ayumi Kobayashi
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kobayashi
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Harada
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Koji Matsuo
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Watanabe
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Shin Nakagawa
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
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Sugiyama E, Guerrini MM, Honda K, Hattori Y, Abe M, Källback P, Andrén PE, Tanaka KF, Setou M, Fagarasan S, Suematsu M, Sugiura Y. Detection of a High-Turnover Serotonin Circuit in the Mouse Brain Using Mass Spectrometry Imaging. iScience 2019; 20:359-372. [PMID: 31614319 PMCID: PMC6818351 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoamine neurotransmitters are released by specialized neurons regulating behavioral, motor, and cognitive functions. Although the localization of monoaminergic neurons in the brain is well known, the distribution and kinetics of monoamines remain unclear. Here, we generated a murine brain atlas of serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and norepinephrine (NE) levels using mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). We found several nuclei rich in both 5-HT and a catecholamine (DA or NE) and identified the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT), where 5-HT and NE are co-localized. The analysis of 5-HT fluctuations in response to acute tryptophan depletion and infusion of isotope-labeled tryptophan in vivo revealed a close kinetic association between the raphe nuclei, PVT, and amygdala but not the other nuclei. Our findings imply the existence of a highly dynamic 5-HT-mediated raphe to PVT pathway that likely plays a role in the brain monoamine system. A murine brain atlas of monoamine (5-HT, DA, NE) levels was generated via MS imaging We identified several nuclei rich in both 5-HT and a catecholamine (DA or NE) The paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) had high levels of 5-HT and NE The level of 5-HT in raphe to PVT pathway changed dynamically in response to blood Trp level
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Sugiyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Matteo M Guerrini
- Laboratory for Mucosal Immunity, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Tsurumi Ward, Suehirocho, 1 Chome-7-22, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kurara Honda
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuko Hattori
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Patrik Källback
- Medical Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Box 591 BMC, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, National Resource for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Uppsala University, Box 591 BMC, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per E Andrén
- Medical Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Box 591 BMC, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, National Resource for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Uppsala University, Box 591 BMC, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kenji F Tanaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Setou
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Anatomy and International Mass Imaging Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - Sidonia Fagarasan
- Laboratory for Mucosal Immunity, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Tsurumi Ward, Suehirocho, 1 Chome-7-22, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture 230-0045, Japan
| | - Makoto Suematsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuki Sugiura
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
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Kato T. Current understanding of bipolar disorder: Toward integration of biological basis and treatment strategies. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2019; 73:526-540. [PMID: 31021488 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Biological studies of bipolar disorder initially focused on the mechanism of action for antidepressants and antipsychotic drugs, and the roles of monoamines (e.g., serotonin, dopamine) have been extensively studied. Thereafter, based on the mechanism of action of lithium, intracellular signal transduction systems, including inositol metabolism and intracellular calcium signaling, have drawn attention. Involvement of intracellular calcium signaling has been supported by genetics and cellular studies. Elucidation of the neural circuits affected by calcium signaling abnormalities is critical, and our previous study suggested a role of the paraventricular thalamic nucleus. The genetic vulnerability of mitochondria causes calcium dysregulation and results in the hyperexcitability of serotonergic neurons, which are suggested to be susceptible to oxidative stress. Efficacy of anticonvulsants, animal studies of candidate genes, and studies using induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons have suggested a relation between bipolar disorder and the hyperexcitability of neurons. Recent genetic findings suggest the roles of polyunsaturated acids. At the systems level, social rhythm therapy targets circadian rhythm abnormalities, and cognitive behavioral therapy may target emotion/cognition (E/C) imbalance. In the future, pharmacological and psychosocial treatments may be combined and optimized based on the biological basis of each patient, which will realize individualized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadafumi Kato
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Japan
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Kim Y, Vadodaria KC, Lenkei Z, Kato T, Gage FH, Marchetto MC, Santos R. Mitochondria, Metabolism, and Redox Mechanisms in Psychiatric Disorders. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:275-317. [PMID: 30585734 PMCID: PMC6602118 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Our current knowledge of the pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms causing psychiatric disorders is modest, but genetic susceptibility and environmental factors are central to the etiology of these conditions. Autism, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder show genetic gene risk overlap and share symptoms and metabolic comorbidities. The identification of such common features may provide insights into the development of these disorders. Recent Advances: Multiple pieces of evidence suggest that brain energy metabolism, mitochondrial functions and redox balance are impaired to various degrees in psychiatric disorders. Since mitochondrial metabolism and redox signaling can integrate genetic and environmental environmental factors affecting the brain, it is possible that they are implicated in the etiology and progression of psychiatric disorders. Critical Issue: Evidence for direct links between cellular mitochondrial dysfunction and disease features are missing. Future Directions: A better understanding of the mitochondrial biology and its intracellular connections to the nuclear genome, the endoplasmic reticulum and signaling pathways, as well as its role in intercellular communication in the organism, is still needed. This review focuses on the findings that implicate mitochondrial dysfunction, the resultant metabolic changes and oxidative stress as important etiological factors in the context of psychiatric disorders. We also propose a model where specific pathophysiologies of psychiatric disorders depend on circuit-specific impairments of mitochondrial dysfunction and redox signaling at specific developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeni Kim
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, South Korea
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Krishna C. Vadodaria
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Zsolt Lenkei
- Laboratory of Dynamic of Neuronal Structure in Health and Disease, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (UMR_S1266 INSERM, University Paris Descartes), Paris, France
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Japan
| | - Fred H. Gage
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Maria C. Marchetto
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Renata Santos
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
- Laboratory of Dynamic of Neuronal Structure in Health and Disease, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (UMR_S1266 INSERM, University Paris Descartes), Paris, France
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Lee MJ, Ryu JS, Won SK, Namgung U, Jung J, Lee SM, Park JY. Effects of Acupuncture on Chronic Stress-Induced Depression-Like Behavior and Its Central Neural Mechanism. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1353. [PMID: 31333523 PMCID: PMC6625224 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a serious psychiatric disorder with an enormous socioeconomic burden, and it is commonly comorbid with pain, chronic fatigue, or other inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have shown that acupuncture is an effective therapeutic method for reducing depressive symptoms; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of acupuncture on chronic stress-induced depression-like behavior and its central neural mechanisms in the brain. We induced chronic restraint stress (CRS) in male C57BL/6 mice for 14 or 28 consecutive days. Acupuncture treatment was performed at KI10·LR8·LU8·LR4 or control points for 7 or 14 days. Depression-like behavior was assessed with the open field test. Then, brain neural activity involving c-Fos and serotonin-related mechanisms via the 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors were investigated. Acupuncture treatment at KI10·LR8·LU8·LR4 points rescued the depressive-like behavior, while control points (LU8·LR4·HT8·LR2) and non-acupoints on the hips did not. Brain neural activity was changed in the hippocampus, cingulate cortex, motor cortex, insular cortex, thalamus, and the hypothalamus after acupuncture treatment. Acupuncture treatment increased expression of 5-HT1A receptor in the cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, and the hypothalamus, and of 5-HT1B in the cortex and thalamus. In conclusion, acupuncture treatment at KI10·LR8·LU8·LR4 was effective in alleviating the depressive-like behavior in mice, and this therapeutic effect was produced through central brain neural activity and serotonin receptor modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ju Lee
- Department of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sang Ryu
- Department of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seul-Ki Won
- Department of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Uk Namgung
- Department of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jeeyoun Jung
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - So-Min Lee
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ji-Yeun Park
- Department of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
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Yoshizawa T, Shimada S, Takizawa Y, Makino T, Kanada Y, Ito Y, Ochiai T, Matsumoto K. Continuous measurement of locomotor activity during convalescence and acclimation in group-housed rats. Exp Anim 2019; 68:277-283. [PMID: 30760650 PMCID: PMC6699979 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.18-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Locomotor activity is affected by a range of factors in addition to experimental
treatment, including the breeding environment. Appropriate convalescence and acclimation
are important for animal experiments, because environmental changes and physical burden
can result from surgery, transportation, and cage exchange. However, the duration that
locomotor activity is affected by these factors is currently unclear, because it has
traditionally been difficult to measure locomotor activity in multiple group-housed
animals in any location other than the analysis room. In the present study, we analyzed
the locomotor activity of group-housed rats using a nano tag® after surgery,
transportation, and cage exchange. The nano tag®, a new device for analyzing
activity, can measure locomotor activity in laboratory animals with no limitation on the
number of animals in same cage. Any type of cage can be used for analysis, at any time of
day, and in any location. Nano tags® were subcutaneously implanted in male rats
(F344/NSlc, 6 weeks of age) and locomotor activity was continuously measured after
surgery, transportation, and cage exchange. Significant activity changes were observed in
rats after transportation and cage exchange, 9 days and 3 h after the event, respectively.
The results suggest that continuous measurement of locomotor activity with nano
tags® can be used to monitor changes in activity induced by environmental
changes, and will be helpful for designing animal experiments analyzing locomotor
activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yoshizawa
- Division of Animal Research, Research Center for Supports to Advanced Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Shin Shimada
- Division of Animal Research, Research Center for Supports to Advanced Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yoshito Takizawa
- KISSEI COMTEC Co., Ltd., 4010-10 Wada, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-1293, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Makino
- Biotechnical Center, Japan SLC, Inc., 3-5-1 Aoihigashi, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 433-8114, Japan.,Retired
| | - Yasuhide Kanada
- Biotechnical Center, Japan SLC, Inc., 3-5-1 Aoihigashi, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 433-8114, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Ito
- KISSEI COMTEC Co., Ltd., 4010-10 Wada, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-1293, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ochiai
- Biotechnical Center, Japan SLC, Inc., 3-5-1 Aoihigashi, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 433-8114, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Matsumoto
- Division of Animal Research, Research Center for Supports to Advanced Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
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48
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Kasahara T, Kato T. What Can Mitochondrial DNA Analysis Tell Us About Mood Disorders? Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:731-738. [PMID: 29102411 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Variants in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins in bipolar disorder, depression, or other psychiatric disorders have been studied for decades, since mitochondrial dysfunction was first suggested in the brains of patients with these diseases. Candidate gene association studies initially resulted in findings compatible with the mitochondrial dysfunction hypothesis. Many of those studies, however, were conducted with modest sample sizes (N < 1000), which could cause false positive findings. Furthermore, the DNA samples examined in these studies, including genome-wide association studies, were generally derived from peripheral tissues. One key unanswered question is whether there is an association between mood disorders and somatic mtDNA mutations (deletions and point mutations) in brain regions that accumulate a high amount of mtDNA mutations and/or are involved in the regulation of mood. Two lines of robust evidence supporting the importance of mtDNA mutations in brain tissues for mood disorders have come from clinical observation of mitochondrial disease patients who carry primary mtDNA mutations or accumulate secondary mtDNA mutations due to nuclear mutations and an animal model study. More than half of mitochondrial disease patients have comorbid mood disorders, and mice with neuron-specific accumulation of mtDNA mutations show spontaneous depression-like episodes. In this review, we first summarize the current knowledge of mtDNA and its genetics and discuss what mtDNA analysis tells us about neuropsychiatric disorders based on an example of Parkinson's disease. We also discuss challenges and future directions beyond mtDNA analysis toward an understanding of the pathophysiology of "idiopathic" mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaoki Kasahara
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan.
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McCann RF, Ross DA. So Happy Together: The Storied Marriage Between Mitochondria and the Mind. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:e47-e49. [PMID: 29628043 PMCID: PMC6696908 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth F. McCann
- Columbia University Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - David A. Ross
- Yale University Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, Connecticut
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50
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Pinna M, Manchia M, Oppo R, Scano F, Pillai G, Loche AP, Salis P, Minnai GP. Clinical and biological predictors of response to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): a review. Neurosci Lett 2018; 669:32-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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